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Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Investments in Unconsolidated Joint VenturesWe have investments in several real estate joint ventures with various partners. As of March 31, 2023, the book value of these investments was $3.2 billion, net of investments with negative book values totaling $116.0 million for which we have an implicit commitment to fund future capital needs.
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 800 Third Avenue and 21 East 66th Street are VIEs in which we are not the primary beneficiary. Our net equity investment in these VIEs was $79.9 million and $86.2 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Our maximum loss is limited to the amount of our equity investment in these VIEs. See the "Principles of Consolidation" section of Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies." All other investments below are voting interest entities. As we do not control the joint ventures listed below, we account for them under the equity method of accounting.
The table below provides general information on each of our joint ventures as of March 31, 2023:
PropertyPartner
Ownership
Interest (1)
Economic
Interest (1)
Unaudited Approximate Square Feet
100 Park AvenuePrudential Real Estate Investors49.90%49.90%834,000 
717 Fifth AvenueWharton Properties / Private Investor10.92%10.92%119,500 
800 Third AvenuePrivate Investors60.52%60.52%526,000 
919 Third AvenueNew York State Teacher's Retirement System51.00%51.00%1,454,000 
11 West 34th StreetPrivate Investor / Wharton Properties30.00%30.00%17,150 
280 Park AvenueVornado Realty Trust50.00%50.00%1,219,158 
1552-1560 Broadway (2)
Wharton Properties50.00%50.00%57,718 
10 East 53rd StreetCanadian Pension Plan Investment Board55.00%55.00%354,300 
21 East 66th Street (3)
Private Investors32.28%32.28%13,069 
650 Fifth Avenue (4)
Wharton Properties50.00%50.00%69,214 
11 Madison AvenuePGIM Real Estate60.00%60.00%2,314,000 
One Vanderbilt AvenueNational Pension Service of Korea / Hines Interest LP71.01%71.01%1,657,198 
Worldwide PlazaRXR Realty / New York REIT24.95%24.95%2,048,725 
1515 BroadwayAllianz Real Estate of America56.87%56.87%1,750,000 
2 Herald SquareIsraeli Institutional Investor51.00%51.00%369,000 
115 Spring StreetPrivate Investor51.00%51.00%5,218 
15 Beekman (5)
A fund managed by Meritz Alternative Investment Management20.00%20.00%221,884 
85 Fifth AvenueWells Fargo36.27%36.27%12,946 
One Madison Avenue (6)
National Pension Service of Korea / Hines Interest LP / International Investor25.50%25.50%1,048,700 
220 East 42nd StreetA fund managed by Meritz Alternative Investment Management51.00%51.00%1,135,000 
450 Park Avenue (7)
Korean Institutional Investor / Israeli Institutional Investor
50.10%25.10%337,000 
5 Times SquareRXR Realty led investment group31.55%31.55%1,131,735 
(1)Ownership interest and economic interest represent the Company's interests in the joint venture as of March 31, 2023. Changes in ownership or economic interests within the current year are disclosed in the notes below.
(2)The joint venture that owns 1552 Broadway also owns a long-term leasehold interest in the retail space and certain other spaces at 1560 Broadway, which is adjacent to 1552 Broadway.
(3)We hold a 32.28% interest in three retail units and one residential unit at the property and a 16.14% interest in two residential units at the property.
(4)The joint venture owns a long-term leasehold interest in the retail space at 650 Fifth Avenue.
(5)In 2020, the Company formed a joint venture, which the joint venture then entered into a long-term sublease with the Company.
(6)In 2020, the Company admitted partners to the One Madison Avenue development project, which resulted in the Company no longer retaining a controlling interest in the entity, as defined in ASC 810, and the deconsolidation of our remaining 50.5% interest. We recorded our investment at fair value, which resulted in the recognition of a fair value adjustment of $187.5 million. The fair value of our investment was determined by the terms of the joint venture agreement governing the capitalization of the project. The partners have committed aggregate equity to the project totaling no less than $501.8 million and their ownership interest in the joint venture is based on their capital contributions, up to an aggregate maximum of 49.5%. As of March 31, 2023, the total of the two partners' ownership interests based on equity contributed was 40.0%. In 2021, the Company admitted an additional partner to the development project for a committed aggregate equity investment totaling no less than $259.3 million. The partner's indirect ownership interest in the joint venture is based on it's capital contributions, up to an aggregate maximum of 25.0%. The transaction did not meet sale accounting under ASC 860 and, as a result, was treated as a secured borrowing for accounting purposes and is included in Other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
(7)The 50.1% ownership interest reflected in this table is comprised of our 25.1% economic interest and a 25.0% economic interest held by a third-party. The third-party's economic interest is held within a joint venture that we consolidate and recognize in Noncontrolling interests in other partnerships on our consolidated balance sheet. An additional third-party owns the remaining 49.9% economic interest in the property.
Disposition of Joint Venture Interests or Properties
The following table summarizes the investments in unconsolidated joint ventures sold during the three months ended March 31, 2023:
PropertyOwnership Interest DisposedDisposition DateGross Asset Valuation (in millions)
Loss on Sale (in millions) (1)
121 Greene Street50.0%February 2023$14.0 $(0.3)
(1)Represents the Company's share of the loss.

Joint Venture Mortgages and Other Loans Payable
We generally finance our joint ventures with non-recourse debt. In certain cases, we may provide guarantees or master leases, which terminate upon the satisfaction of specified circumstances or repayment of the underlying loans. The mortgage notes and other loans payable collateralized by the respective joint venture properties and assignment of leases as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, are as follows (dollars in thousands):
Property
Economic
Interest (1)
Maturity
Date
Final Maturity Date (2)
Interest
Rate (3)
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Fixed Rate Debt:
717 Fifth Avenue10.92 %
   July 2022 (4)
   July 2022 (4)
5.02%$655,328 $655,328 
650 Fifth Avenue50.00 %
April 2023 (4)
April 2023 (4)
5.45%65,000 65,000 
919 Third Avenue (5)
51.00 %
June 2023 (5)
June 2023 (5)
5.12%500,000 500,000 
220 East 42nd Street51.00 %June 2023June 20255.75%510,000 510,000 
280 Park Avenue50.00 %September 2023September 20246.06%1,200,000 1,200,000 
5 Times Square31.55 %September 2024September 20267.00%400,000 400,000 
10 East 53rd Street55.00 %February 2025February 20255.35%220,000 220,000 
1515 Broadway56.87 %March 2025March 20253.93%777,212 782,321 
450 Park Avenue25.10 %June 2025June 20276.10%267,000 267,000 
11 Madison Avenue60.00 %September 2025September 20253.84%1,400,000 1,400,000 
One Madison Avenue (6)
25.50 %November 2025November 20263.94%534,149 467,008 
800 Third Avenue60.52 %February 2026February 20263.37%177,000 177,000 
Worldwide Plaza24.95 %November 2027November 20273.98%1,200,000 1,200,000 
One Vanderbilt Avenue71.01 %July 2031July 20312.95%3,000,000 3,000,000 
21 East 66th Street— 12,000 
Total fixed rate debt $10,905,689 $10,855,657 
Floating Rate Debt:
1552 Broadway50.00 %
December 2022 (7)
December 2022 (7)
L+2.65%$193,132 $193,132 
11 West 34th Street30.00 %
February 2023 (4)
February 2023 (4)
L+1.45%23,000 23,000 
650 Fifth Avenue50.00 %
April 2023 (4)
April 2023 (4)
S+2.50%210,000 210,000 
115 Spring Street51.00 %September 2023September 2023L+3.40%65,550 65,550 
2 Herald Square51.00 %November 2023November 2023S+2.06%182,500 182,500 
100 Park Avenue49.90 %December 2023December 2025L+2.25%360,000 360,000 
15 Beekman (8)
20.00 %January 2024July 2025L+1.50%95,594 86,738 
5 Times Square31.55 %September 2024September 2026S+5.75%538,861 495,924 
21 East 66th Street32.28 %April 2027April 2027S+1.75%12,000 — 
21 East 66th Street32.28 %June 2033June 2033T+2.75%576 586 
121 Greene Street— 12,550 
Total floating rate debt$1,681,213 $1,629,980 
Total joint venture mortgages and other loans payable$12,586,902 $12,485,637 
Deferred financing costs, net(125,212)(136,683)
Total joint venture mortgages and other loans payable, net$12,461,690 $12,348,954 
(1)Economic interest represents the Company's interests in the joint venture as of March 31, 2023. Changes in ownership or economic interests, if any, within the current year are disclosed in the notes to the investment in unconsolidated joint ventures table above.
(2)Reflects exercise of all available options. The ability to exercise extension options may be subject to certain conditions, including meeting tests based on the operating performance of the property.
(3)Interest rates as of March 31, 2023, taking into account interest rate hedges in effect during the period. Floating rate debt is presented with the stated spread over the 30-day LIBOR ("L"), Term SOFR ("S") or 1-year Treasury ("T").
(4)As of the date of this filing, the loan is in maturity default. The Company is in discussions with the lender on a resolution.
(5)In April 2023, the joint venture closed on a refinancing of the loan. The new $500.0 million mortgage has an initial maturity date of April 2026, with two one-year extension options, and bears interest at a floating rate of Term SOFR plus 250 basis points, which has been swapped to a fixed rate of 6.11% through February 2026.
(6)The loan is a $1.25 billion construction facility with an initial term of five years with one, one year extension option. Advances under the loan are subject to costs incurred. In conjunction with the loan, the Company provided partial guarantees for interest and principal payments, the amounts of which are based on certain construction milestones and operating metrics.
(7)In April 2023, the maturity date of the loan was extended to February 2024 and transitioned to Term SOFR plus 265 basis points.
(8)This loan is a $125.0 million construction facility. Advances under the loan are subject to costs incurred.
We are entitled to receive fees for providing management, leasing, construction supervision and asset management services to certain of our joint ventures. We earned $4.9 million and $6.2 million from these services, net of our ownership share of the joint ventures, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition, we have the ability to earn incentive fees based on the ultimate financial performance of certain of the joint venture properties.
The combined balance sheets for the unconsolidated joint ventures, at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Assets (1)
Commercial real estate property, net$16,030,967 $15,989,642 
Cash and restricted cash676,093 709,299 
Tenant and other receivables, related party receivables, and deferred rents receivable635,674 601,552 
Other assets2,529,059 2,551,426 
Total assets$19,871,793 $19,851,919 
Liabilities and equity (1)
Mortgages and other loans payable, net$12,461,690 $12,348,954 
Deferred revenue1,073,926 1,077,901 
Lease liabilities997,959 1,000,356 
Other liabilities456,814 456,537 
Equity4,881,404 4,968,171 
Total liabilities and equity$19,871,793 $19,851,919 
Company's investments in unconsolidated joint ventures$3,164,729 $3,190,137 
(1)At March 31, 2023, $562.9 million of net unamortized basis differences between the amount at which our investments are carried and our share of equity in net assets of the underlying property will be amortized through equity in net income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures over the remaining life of the underlying items having given rise to the differences.
The combined statements of operations for the unconsolidated joint ventures, from acquisition date through the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, are as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
Total revenues$389,452 $335,266 
Operating expenses61,968 59,914 
Real estate taxes65,740 60,722 
Operating lease rent7,181 6,268 
Interest expense, net of interest income129,477 94,913 
Amortization of deferred financing costs7,045 6,757 
Depreciation and amortization125,266 112,713 
Total expenses396,677 341,287 
Net loss before loss on sale$(7,225)$(6,021)
Company's equity in net loss from unconsolidated joint ventures$(7,412)$(4,715)