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Business and Basis of Presentation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Business and Basis of Presentation Disclosure
Business and Basis of Presentation
Ditech Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries, or the Company (formerly Walter Investment Management Corp.), is an independent servicer and originator of mortgage loans and servicer of reverse mortgage loans. Through the consumer, correspondent and wholesale lending channels, the Company originates and purchases residential mortgage loans that are predominantly sold to GSEs and government agencies. The Company services a wide array of loans across the credit spectrum for its own portfolio and for GSEs, government agencies, third-party securitization trusts and other credit owners. The Company also operates two complementary businesses: asset receivables management and real estate owned property management and disposition.
As a result of Walter Investment Management Corp.'s emergence from bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code as discussed further below, on February 9, 2018 the Company changed its name to Ditech Holding Corporation. The terms “Ditech Holding” and the “Company,” as used throughout this report refer to Ditech Holding Corporation (Successor) and/or Walter Investment Management Corp. (Predecessor) and its consolidated subsidiaries.
The Company operates throughout the U.S. through three reportable segments, Servicing, Originations, and Reverse Mortgage. Refer to Note 27 for additional information related to segment reporting.
Certain acronyms and terms used throughout these notes are defined in the Glossary of Terms in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Fresh Start Accounting
The Company met the conditions to qualify under GAAP for fresh start accounting, and accordingly, adopted fresh start accounting effective February 10, 2018. The actual impact of fresh start accounting at emergence on February 9, 2018 is shown in Note 2. The financial statements as of February 10, 2018 and for subsequent periods report the results of the Successor with no beginning retained earnings. Any presentation of the Successor represents the financial position and results of operations of the Successor and is not comparable to prior periods.
DHCP Chapter 11 Cases and Going Concern Assessment
On February 11, 2019, Ditech Holding Corporation and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries (collectively, the Debtors) filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court. The DHCP Chapter 11 Cases are being jointly administered under the caption In re Ditech Holding Corporation (Case No. 19-10412). The Bankruptcy Court granted all of the first day motions filed by the Debtors that were designed primarily to minimize the impact of the Chapter 11 proceedings on the Company’s operations, customers and employees. The Company intends to continue to operate its businesses during the pendency of the DHCP Chapter 11 Cases.
For the duration of the Chapter 11 proceedings, the Company’s operations and its ability to develop and execute its business plan are subject to risks and uncertainties associated with the Chapter 11 proceedings described within Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors. As a result of these risks and uncertainties, the Company’s assets, liabilities, shareholders’ equity, officers and/or directors could be significantly different following the conclusion of the DHCP Chapter 11 Cases, and the description of the Company’s operations, properties and liquidity plans included in this annual report may not accurately reflect the Company’s operations, properties and capital plans following the DHCP Chapter 11 Cases. Refer to Note 31 for further discussion of the Chapter 11 proceedings.
The outcome of the Chapter 11 process is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and is dependent upon factors that are outside of the Company’s control, including actions of the Bankruptcy Court and the Company’s creditors. The significant risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s liquidity and Chapter 11 proceedings described above raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. These Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities and other commitments in the normal course of business. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects of this uncertainty on the recoverability or classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts or classifications of liabilities.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ditech Holding Corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and VIEs, of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The results of operations for business combinations are included from their respective dates of acquisition.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Although management is not currently aware of any factors that would significantly change its estimates and assumptions, actual results may differ from these estimates.
Changes in Presentation
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Revenue Recognition
In May 2014, the FASB issued new revenue recognition guidance that supersedes most industry-specific guidance but does exclude insurance contracts and financial instruments. Under the new revenue recognition guidance, entities are required to identify the contract with a customer, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognize revenue when the entity satisfies a performance obligation. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018. The Company adopted the guidance using the modified retrospective method. The Company concluded that its most significant revenue streams are not within the scope of the standard because the standard does not apply to revenue on contracts accounted for under the transfers and servicing of financial assets or financial instruments standards. Therefore, revenue recognition for these contracts remained unchanged. The Company determined that certain immaterial revenue streams are within the scope of the guidance; however, the guidance did not impact current revenue recognition patterns for these in scope revenue streams and contracts. Accordingly, the adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Lease Accounting
In February 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update, as amended, which requires recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities by lessees for most leases and to provide enhanced disclosures. The Company will adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2019 on a modified retrospective basis and will not restate comparative periods. The Company will elect the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allows the Company to carryforward historical lease classification, assessments on whether a contract is or contains a lease, and initial direct costs, if any, for any leases that exist prior to the adoption of the new standard. The Company will also elect the short-term lease practical expedient, which allows companies to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the consolidated balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Based on the lease contracts in effect as of December 31, 2018, the Company expects to recognize lease liabilities of approximately $52.0 million, a reduction of $4.0 million in accumulated deficit, and a corresponding right-of-use assets of approximately $41.0 million, primarily relating to real estate, but will not materially impact operating results or liquidity. However, the Company is seeking to reject or modify leases representing 17% and 71%, respectively, of the lease liability through the DHCP Reorganization Transaction as discussed further in Note 31. As a result of the risks and uncertainties associated with the DHCP Reorganization Transaction, the Company’s leases could be significantly different following the emergence from the DHCP Reorganization Transaction and, therefore, the disclosed impact of adopting this new standard may not accurately reflect the Company’s leases following the DHCP Reorganization Transaction.  
Recent Accounting Guidance
In January 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. The new standard revises an entity's accounting related to (i) the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and (ii) the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. It also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments measured at amortized cost. This update replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. In November 2018, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that improves upon the guidance issued in June 2016. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. Based on the Company's current methodologies for accounting for financial instruments, the adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The significance of the adoption of this guidance may change at the time of adoption based on the nature and composition of the Company's financial instruments at that time and the corresponding conclusions reached.
In August 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments presented within the statement of cash flows to reduce the existing diversity in practice. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on the classification of income taxes related to the intra-entity transfer of assets other than inventory. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In November 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on restricted cash within the statement of cash flows. The update amends the classification of restricted cash and cash equivalents to be included within cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning and ending cash amounts. As a result, entities will no longer present transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018, and was applied retrospectively. The adoption impacted the presentation of the cash flows, but did not otherwise have a material impact on the consolidated results of operations or financial condition. For the year ended December 31, 2017, cash flows provided by operating activities decreased by $66.9 million, cash flows provided by investing activities decreased by $3.5 million, and cash flows used in financing activities increased by $21.3 million.
In January 2017, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on business combinations. The update clarifies the definition of a business and provides a framework that gives entities a basis for making reasonable judgments about whether a transaction should be accounted for as an acquisition of assets or a business. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on goodwill. Under the update, goodwill impairment is measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, while not exceeding the carrying value of goodwill. The update eliminates existing guidance that requires an entity to determine goodwill impairment by calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by hypothetically assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. This guidance is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this guidance for impairment tests effective January 1, 2018.
In February 2017, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on derecognition of nonfinancial assets. This guidance clarifies the scope and accounting of a financial asset that meets the definition of an in substance nonfinancial asset and defines the term in substance nonfinancial asset. It also adds guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance resulted in changes to the statement of financial position, including (i) a reduction of $115.0 million in residential loans at amortized cost, net, (ii) an increase of $123.1 million in other assets, (iii) an increase of $40.7 million in accumulated deficit and (iv) an increase of $48.7 million in accrued liabilities under the modified retrospective adoption method. Additionally, the pattern of recognition of certain interest payments will change for properties where the Company finances sales of real estate owned and the Company has determined that collection of substantially all consideration is not yet probable.
In May 2017, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amends the guidance on share-based compensation. The update provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018 and is applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In February 2018, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that provides guidance related to accounting for the income tax effects of the Tax Act. This guidance provides clarification to address situations where a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed in reasonable detail to complete the accounting under GAAP for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act. To the extent that a registrant's accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete, a reasonable estimate may be determined for those effects in the first reporting period in which the registrant was able to determine such reasonable estimate. A measurement period of one year from the enactment date of the Tax Act is provided whereby a registrant may adjust such provisional amounts. If a provisional amount cannot be determined in the initial period of enactment, the registrant may continue to account for taxes in accordance with tax laws that were in effect immediately prior to the Tax Act enactment date until such point in time that a reasonable estimate can be made. The Company's preliminary estimate of the Tax Act and the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities was subject to the finalization of management’s analysis related to certain matters, such as developing interpretations of the provisions of the Tax Act, changes to certain estimates and the filing of its tax returns. U.S. Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions interpreting the Tax Act may require further adjustments and changes in the Company's estimates. The final determination of the Tax Act and the remeasurement of the Company's deferred assets and liabilities was completed and there were no material changes needed.
In August 2018, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that modifies the disclosure requirements related to fair value measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The adoption will impact certain disclosures to the financial statements, but will not otherwise have a material impact on the consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
In October 2018, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that further revises the guidance on consolidation for interests held through related parties that are under common control. The update amends the consolidation guidance on how a reporting entity that is a single decision maker of a VIE should treat indirect interests in the entity held through related parties that are under common control when determining whether it is the primary beneficiary of that VIE. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update are required to be applied retrospectively with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at the beginning of the earliest period presented. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.