2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

This summary of significant accounting policies of NovAccess Global, Inc. is presented to assist in understanding the Company’s financial statements. The financial statements and notes are representations of the Company’s management, which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. These accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the financial statements.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary StemVax, LLC. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions between these entities have been eliminated in these consolidated financial statements.

Business Combinations

The Company utilized ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”) and ASC 850, Related Parties Disclosures to account for the September 8, 2020 acquisition of StemVax, LLC (see note 14 for more details).

Preferred Stock

On September 4, 2020, the Company issued 25,0000 shares of unregistered Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (the “Series B Preferred”), to TN3, LLC in exchange for the redemption of 5,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (the “Series A Preferred”), held by TN3. TN3 is owned by Daniel G. Martin, the chief executive officer, at the time of the transaction, and the sole member of the board of directors. The shares of Series A and Series B Preferred Stock were classified as permanent equity in the Statement of Shareholder’ Deficit for the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2020 (see note 3 for more details).

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates made in preparing these consolidated financial statements include the estimate of useful lives of property and equipment, revenue recognition, the deferred tax valuation allowance, the fair value of stock options, and derivative liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash in banks and money markets with an original maturity of three months or less.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, and are depreciated using straight line over its estimated useful lives:

Leasehold improvements	Length of the lease
Computer software and equipment	3 Years
Furniture & fixtures	5 Years
Machinery & equipment	5 Years

The Company capitalizes property and equipment over $500. Property and equipment under $500 are expensed in the year purchased. During the year ended September 30, 2020, the Company sold certain assets at net book value for $2,092. The depreciation expense for the years ended September 30, 2020, and 2019, were $478 and $580, respectively, which are now included in the discontinued operations.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when services are performed, and at the time of shipment of products, provided that evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss have passed to the customer, fees are fixed or determinable, and collection of the related receivable is reasonably assured.

Revenues and related costs on construction contracts were recognized as the performance obligations for work were satisfied over time in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under ASC 606, revenue and associated profit, was recognized as the customer obtained control of the goods and services promised in the contract (i.e., performance obligations). All un-allocable indirect costs and corporate general and administrative costs were charged to the periods as incurred. However, in the event a loss on a contract was foreseen, the Company would recognize the loss as it is determined.

Revisions in cost and profit estimates during the course of the contract were reflected in the accounting period in which the facts for the revisions became known. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts were made in the period in which such losses were determined. Changes in job performance, job conditions, and estimated profitability, including those arising from contract penalty provisions, and final contract settlements, may have resulted in revisions to costs and income, which were recognized in the period the revisions were determined.

Contract receivables of discontinued operations were recorded on contracts for amounts currently due based upon progress billings, as well as any retentions, which were collectible upon completion of the contracts. Accounts payable to material suppliers and subcontractors were recorded for amounts currently due based upon work completed or materials received, as were retention due subcontractors, which were payable upon completion of the contract. General and administrative expenses were charged to operations as incurred and were not allocated to contract costs.

Contract Receivable

The Company previously billed its customers in accordance with contractual agreements. The agreements generally required billings to be on a progressive basis as work was completed. Credit was extended based on evaluation of clients’ financial condition and collateral was not required. The Company maintained an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may have arose, if any customer was unable to make required payments. As of September 30, 2020 and 2019, there was no allowance for doubtful accounts.

Management previously performed a quantitative and qualitative review of the receivables past due from customers on a monthly basis. The Company recorded an allowance against uncollectible items for each customer after all reasonable means of collection had been exhausted, and the potential for recovery was considered remote. The contract receivables of discontinued operations balance were $0 and $198,083 at September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Project Warranties

Customers in our target market of California who purchased solar energy systems are covered by a warranty of up to 10 years in duration for material defects and workmanship. In addition, we provide a pass-through warranty of the major components such as module mounting, inverter and solar panel manufacturers’ warranties to our customers, which generally range from 10 to 25 years. The manufacturers of these major components provide the warranty directly to our customers. In the event of a component failure the manufacturers provide replacement of the major components such as inverters and solar modules at no charge to our customer, which is an industry standard. In the event of a component failure such as an inverter the standard warranty from the supplier we use, SolarEdge, provides a twelve (12) year no-charge replacement warranty to the customer, and would also provide NovAccess, Inc. or our subcontractor, with $125 compensation for labor replacement costs, should we be requested to replace an inverter or other SolarEdge components. Additionally, we employed the use of licensed subcontractors for the bulk of our installation processes, who as licensed contractors are required to warrant their work for material defects and workmanship for ten (10) years. The Company has a limited history of project installations, and in accessing the potential for warranty related costs and other allowances, we believe that our reliance on the manufacturers and subcontractor warranties would leave a limited and inconsequential cost associated with warranty claims. During the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not experience costs related to warranty claims.

Stock-Based Compensation

Share-based Payment applies to transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services and also applies to liabilities an entity may incur for goods or services that are to follow a fair value of those equity instruments. We are required to follow a fair value approach using an option-pricing model, such as the Binomial lattice valuation model, at the date of a stock option grant. The deferred compensation calculated under the fair value method would then be amortized over the respective vesting period of the stock option. This has not had a material impact on our results of operations.

Advertising

Advertising expenses are expensed as incurred. Total advertising expenses were $7,349 and $12,592 for the years ended September 30, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Net Earnings (Loss) per Share Calculations

Net earnings (Loss) per share dictates the calculation of basic earnings (loss) per share and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings (loss) per share are computed by dividing by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted net earnings (loss) per share is computed similar to basic earnings (loss) per share except that the denominator is increased to include the effect of stock options and stock-based awards plus the assumed conversion of convertible debt (Notes 4 and 5). 

	For the Years Ended
	September 30,
	2020			2019

Gain (Loss) to common shareholders (Numerator)	$	(6,770,215	)	$	2,343,982

Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding (Denominator)		1,603,492			1,559,483

Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding (Denominator)		1,603,492			5,000,474

The Company has included shares issuable from convertible debt of $214,097 for the year ended September 30, 2019, because their impact on the income per share is dilutive. Diluted weighted average number of shares for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2020 is the same as basic weighted average number of shares because the Company had a net loss for fiscal year 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the fair value information, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, where it is practicable to estimate that value. As of September 30, 2020, the balances reported for cash, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses approximate the fair value because of their short maturities.

We adopted ASC Topic 820 for financial instruments measured as fair value on a recurring basis. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value, established a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 established a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

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Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

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Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and

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Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

We measure certain financial instruments at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company had no assets that are required to be valued on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and 2019. The Company had liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis as follows at September 30, 2020 and 2019:

	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)

Assets:	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-

Liabilities:

Derivative Liability at fair value as of September 30, 2020	$	2,989,165	$	-	$	-	$	2,989,165

Derivative Liability at fair value as of September 30, 2019	$	1,945,650	$	-	$	-	$	1,945,650

The following is a reconciliation of the derivative liability for which Level 3 inputs were used in determining the approximate fair value:

Balance as of September 30, 2018		4,154,333
Net (Gain) on change in fair value of derivative liability		(2,173,215	)
Net (Gain) on extinguishment of derivative liability upon conversion of debt		(35,468	)
Balance as of September 30, 2019		1,945,650
Net Loss on change in fair value of derivative liability		1,043,515
Ending balance as of September 30, 2020	$	2,989,165

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2016, FASB issued accounting standards update ASU-2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows” (Topic 230) – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, to address diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public and nonpublic entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-15, which had no effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In August 2017, FASB issued accounting standards update ASU-2017-12, “D” (Topic 815) – “Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities”, to require an entity to present the earnings effect of the hedging instrument in the same statement line item in which the earnings effect of the hedged item is reported. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods with the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period after issuance of the update. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of ASU 2017-12, which had no effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. An entity should apply the requirements of Topic 718 to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost (that is, the period of time over which share-based payment awards vest and the pattern of cost recognition over that period). The new guidance is effective for all entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-07, which had no effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in this Update modify certain disclosure requirements of fair value measurements and are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-13, which had no effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards if currently adopted would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.