-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, BSA31bso1VUdbB87GXaE8wd8OffLkNH+90ZdKekxruki2HuuEdG2QnmDK8qZlnBB ga7hQw+YY4DRfxj/dh5nSA== 0001193125-09-050891.txt : 20090311 0001193125-09-050891.hdr.sgml : 20090311 20090311163831 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-09-050891 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 13 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20081231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20090311 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20090311 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: BANK OF THE OZARKS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001038205 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: STATE COMMERCIAL BANKS [6022] IRS NUMBER: 710556208 STATE OF INCORPORATION: AR FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-27641 FILM NUMBER: 09672877 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 12615 CHENAL PARKWAY STREET 2: SUITE 3100 CITY: LITTLE ROCK STATE: AR ZIP: 72211 BUSINESS PHONE: 5019782265 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 12615 CHENAL PARKWAY CITY: LITTLE ROCK STATE: AR ZIP: 72211 10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
Table of Contents

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark one)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             .

Commission File Number 0-22759

BANK OF THE OZARKS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

ARKANSAS   71-0556208

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 

17901 CHENAL PARKWAY, P. O. BOX 8811, LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS    72231-8811
(Address of principal executive offices)    (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (501) 978-2265

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class

  

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

None

   N/A

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

(Title of Class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  x    Smaller reporting company  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨
        

(Do not check if a smaller

reporting company)

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked prices of such common equity as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $187,534,676.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

Class

  

Outstanding at February 20, 2009

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

   16,864,740

Documents incorporated by reference: Parts I, II, III and IV of this Form 10-K incorporate certain information by reference from the Registrant’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

BANK OF THE OZARKS, INC.

FORM 10-K

December 31, 2008

 

INDEX

   Page

PART I.

  

Item 1.

   Business    1

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors    18

Item 1B.

   Unresolved Staff Comments    27

Item 2.

   Properties    27

Item 3.

   Legal Proceedings    29

Item 4.

   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    29

PART II.

  

Item 5.

   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities    30

Item 6.

   Selected Financial Data    30

Item 7.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    30

Item 7A.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    30

Item 8.

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    30

Item 9.

   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    30

Item 9A.

   Controls and Procedures    31

Item 9B.

   Other Information    31

PART III.

  

Item 10.

   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance    32

Item 11.

   Executive Compensation    32

Item 12.

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters    32

Item 13.

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence    33

Item 14.

   Principal Accountant Fees and Services    33

PART IV.

  

Item 15.

   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules    34

Exhibit Index

   35

Signatures

   38


Table of Contents

PART I

 

Item 1. BUSINESS

General

Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. (the “Company”) is an Arkansas business corporation registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. The Company owns an Arkansas state chartered subsidiary bank, Bank of the Ozarks (the “Bank”), which conducts banking operations through 65 banking offices in 34 communities throughout northern, western and central Arkansas, six Texas banking offices in Frisco, Lewisville, Dallas and Texarkana and a loan production office located in Charlotte, North Carolina. The Company also owns Ozark Capital Statutory Trust II, Ozark Capital Statutory Trust III, Ozark Capital Statutory Trust IV and Ozark Capital Statutory Trust V, all 100%-owned finance subsidiary business trusts formed in connection with the issuance of certain subordinated debentures and related trust preferred securities, and, indirectly through the Bank, a subsidiary engaged in the development of real estate. At December 31, 2008 the Company had total assets of $3.23 billion, total loans and leases of $2.02 billion and total deposits of $2.34 billion. Net interest income for 2008 was $98.7 million, net income available to common stockholders was $34.5 million and diluted earnings per common share were $2.04.

The Company provides a wide range of retail and commercial banking services. Deposit services include checking, savings, money market, time deposit and individual retirement accounts. Loan services include various types of real estate, consumer, commercial, industrial and agricultural loans and various leasing services. The Company also provides mortgage lending, treasury management services including wholesale lock box services, remote deposit capture services, trust and wealth management services including financial planning and money management for individuals and businesses, custodial services and retirement planning, real estate appraisals, credit-related life and disability insurance, ATMs, telephone banking, Internet banking including on-line bill pay, debit cards and safe deposit boxes, among other products and services. Through third party provider “partners” the Company offers credit cards for consumers and businesses, processing of merchant credit card transactions, and full service investment brokerage services. While the Company provides a wide variety of retail and commercial banking services, it operates in only one segment – community banking. No revenues are derived from foreign countries and no single external customer comprises more than 10% of the Company’s revenues.

With five banking offices in 1994, the Company commenced an expansion strategy, via de novo branching, into selected Arkansas markets. Since embarking on this strategy, the Company has added one or more new banking offices each year, resulting in the net addition of 66 new banking offices through year-end 2008.

Prior to 1994 the Company’s offices were located in two relatively rural counties in northern and western Arkansas. The Company’s de novo branching strategy initially focused on opening new branches in small communities in counties contiguous to its then existing offices. As the Company continued to open additional offices, it generally expanded into larger communities throughout much of northern, western and central Arkansas.

In 1998 and 1999 the Company expanded into Arkansas’ then three largest cities, Little Rock, Fort Smith and North Little Rock. Subsequently a majority of the Company’s Arkansas expansion has been in these cities, surrounding communities and in other Arkansas counties which are among the top ten counties in Arkansas in terms of bank deposits. While the Company has continued to open a few additional offices in smaller communities since 1998, the Company’s primary focus on larger communities has resulted in a larger portion of the Company’s business coming from these more urban and suburban Arkansas markets.

The Company’s 2006 and 2007 expansion efforts focused primarily in four markets: (1) Benton and Washington counties in northwest Arkansas, (2) the Texarkana market (both Bowie County, Texas and Miller County, Arkansas), (3) Hot Springs, the largest city in Garland County which is the sixth largest Arkansas county in terms of bank deposits, and (4) Frisco, Texas, a rapidly growing city in Collin County and part of the Dallas, Texas market area. During 2006, the Company added 11 new banking offices, replaced a temporary office with a new permanent facility and replaced one of its oldest offices with a new facility. The Company also closed one office in 2006. During 2007 the Company added three new banking offices and replaced a temporary office with a new permanent facility.

 

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During 2008 the Company added a new banking office in Lewisville, Texas, opened a new corporate headquarters in Little Rock, Arkansas, which includes a retail banking operation, closed a Little Rock banking office in a nearby Wal-Mart Supercenter and consolidated its Little Rock loan production office into its new corporate headquarters.

The Company expects to continue its growth and de novo branching strategy. During 2009 the Company expects to open approximately two new banking offices and its new operations facility in Ozark, Arkansas. Opening new offices is subject to availability of suitable sites, hiring qualified personnel, obtaining regulatory and other approvals and many other conditions and contingencies that the Company cannot predict with certainty. The Company may increase or decrease its expected number of new office openings as a result of a variety of factors including the Company’s financial results, changes in economic or competitive conditions, strategic opportunities or other factors.

The Company anticipates the expansion of its Arkansas branch network will be substantially completed in the next three to five years and will result in a total of up to 72 Arkansas banking offices. As the Company completes its expansion in Arkansas, it expects to focus its expansion efforts in other states, primarily Texas. As of December 31, 2008 the Company’s six Texas banking offices accounted for 29.1% of its loans and leases and 13.2% of its deposits, and its North Carolina loan production office accounted for 4.9% of its loans and leases.

Lending and Leasing Activities

The Company’s primary source of income is interest earned from its loan and lease portfolio and earnings on its investment securities portfolio. Administration of the Company’s lending function is the responsibility of the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and certain senior lenders. Such lenders perform their lending duties subject to the oversight and policy direction of the Company’s and Bank’s Board of Directors and Loan Committee. Loan or lease authority is granted to the CEO and certain senior officers by the Board of Directors. The loan or lease authority of other lending officers is assigned by the CEO. Loans and leases and aggregate loan and lease relationships exceeding $3 million and up to the Bank’s legal lending limit are authorized and approved by the Loan Committee.

Interest rates charged by the Bank vary with degree of risk, type, size, complexity, repricing frequency and other relevant factors associated with the loan or lease. Competition from other financial services companies also impacts interest rates charged on loans and leases.

The Company’s designated compliance and loan review officers are primarily responsible for the Bank’s compliance and loan review functions. Periodic reviews are performed to evaluate asset quality and the effectiveness of loan and lease administration. The results of such evaluations are included in reports which describe any identified deficiencies, recommendations for improvement and management’s proposed action plan for curing or addressing identified deficiencies and recommendations. Such reports are provided to and reviewed by the Company’s and Bank’s Audit Committee. Additionally, the reports issued by the loan review function are provided to and reviewed by the Loan Committee.

In underwriting loans and leases, primary emphasis is placed on the borrower’s or lessee’s financial condition, including its ability to generate cash flow to support its debt or lease obligations and other cash expenses. Additionally substantial consideration is given to collateral value and marketability as well as the borrower’s or lessee’s character, reputation and other relevant factors.

The Company’s loan portfolio includes most types of real estate loans, consumer loans, commercial and industrial loans, agricultural loans and other types of loans. Most of the properties collateralizing the Company’s loan portfolio are located within the trade areas of the Company’s offices. The Company’s lease portfolio consists primarily of small ticket direct financing commercial equipment leases. The equipment collateral securing the Company’s lease portfolio is located throughout the United States.

The Company’s credit and underwriting practices dictate that the larger the loan or lease, the more stringent are the credit standards applied. As a result, slower economic conditions will typically affect the Company’s smaller loans and leases more quickly and adversely than its larger loans and leases, as these smaller loans and leases are not typically underwritten to the more rigorous standards applied to progressively larger loans and leases.

 

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Real Estate Loans. The Company’s portfolio of real estate loans includes loans secured by residential 1-4 family, non-farm/non-residential, agricultural, construction/land development, multifamily residential (five or more family) properties and other land loans. Non-farm/non-residential loans include those secured by real estate mortgages on owner-occupied commercial buildings of various types, leased commercial, retail and office buildings, hospitals, nursing and other medical facilities, hotels and motels, and other business and industrial properties. Agricultural real estate loans include loans secured by farmland and related improvements, including loans guaranteed by the Farm Service Agency. Real estate construction/land development loans include loans secured by vacant land, loans with original maturities of 60 months or less to finance land development or construction of industrial, commercial, residential or farm buildings or additions or alterations to existing structures. Included in the Company’s residential 1-4 family loans are home equity lines of credit.

The Company offers a variety of real estate loan products that are generally amortized over five to thirty years, payable in monthly or other periodic installments of principal and interest, and due and payable in full (unless renewed) at a balloon maturity generally within one to five years. Certain loans may be structured as term loans with adjustable interest rates (adjustable daily, monthly, semi-annually, annually, or at other regular adjustment intervals usually not to exceed five years), with established “floor” and “ceiling” interest rates and without balloon maturities.

Residential 1-4 family loans are underwritten primarily based on the borrower’s ability to repay, including prior credit history, and the value of the collateral. Other real estate loans are underwritten based on the ability of the property, in the case of income producing property, or the borrower’s business to generate sufficient cash flow to amortize the debt. Secondary emphasis is placed upon collateral value, financial wherewithal of any guarantors and other factors. Loans collateralized by real estate have generally been originated with loan-to-appraised-value ratios of not more than 89% for residential 1-4 family, 85% for other residential and other improved property, 80% for construction loans secured by commercial, multifamily and other non-residential properties, 75% for land development loans and 65% for raw land loans.

The Company typically requires mortgage title insurance in the amount of the loan and hazard insurance on improvements. Documentation requirements vary depending on loan size, type, degree of risk, complexity and other relevant factors.

Consumer Loans. The Company’s portfolio of consumer loans generally includes loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures. Proceeds from such loans are used to, among other things, fund the purchase of automobiles, recreational vehicles, boats, mobile homes and for other similar purposes. Consumer loans made by the Company are generally collateralized and have terms typically ranging up to 72 months, depending upon the nature of the collateral, size of the loan, and other relevant factors.

Consumer loans are attractive to the Company because they generally have higher interest rates. Such loans, however, pose additional risks of collectability and loss when compared to certain other types of loans. The borrower’s ability to repay is of primary importance in the underwriting of consumer loans.

Commercial and Industrial Loans and Leases. The Company’s commercial and industrial loan portfolio consists of loans for commercial, industrial and professional purposes including loans to fund working capital requirements (such as inventory, floor plan and receivables financing), purchases of machinery and equipment and other purposes. The Company offers a variety of commercial and industrial loan arrangements, including term loans, balloon loans and lines of credit with the purpose and collateral supporting a particular loan determining its structure. These loans are offered to businesses and professionals for short and medium terms on both a collateralized and uncollateralized basis. As a general practice, the Company obtains as collateral a lien on furniture, fixtures, equipment, inventory, receivables or other assets. The Company’s leases are primarily equipment leases for commercial, industrial and professional purposes, have terms generally ranging up to 48 months and are collateralized by a lien on the leased property.

Commercial and industrial loans and leases typically are underwritten on the basis of the borrower’s or lessee’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of its business and generally are collateralized by business assets. As a result, such loans and leases involve additional complexities, variables and risks and require more thorough underwriting and servicing than other types of loans and leases.

Agricultural (Non-Real Estate) Loans. The Company’s portfolio of agricultural (non-real estate) loans includes loans for financing agricultural production, including loans to businesses or individuals engaged in the production of timber, poultry, livestock or crops. The Company’s agricultural (non-real estate) loans are generally secured by farm machinery, livestock, crops, vehicles or other agri-related collateral. A portion of the Company’s portfolio of agricultural (non-real estate) loans is comprised of loans to individuals which would normally be characterized as consumer loans but for the fact that the individual borrowers are primarily engaged in the production of timber, poultry, livestock or crops.

 

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Deposits

The Company offers an array of deposit products consisting of non-interest bearing checking accounts, interest bearing transaction accounts, business sweep accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, time deposits and individual retirement accounts. Rates paid on such deposits vary among the deposit categories due to different terms and conditions, individual deposit size, services rendered and rates paid by competitors on similar deposit products. The Company acts as depository for a number of state and local governments and government agencies or instrumentalities. Such public funds deposits are often subject to competitive bid and in many cases must be secured by the Company’s pledge of government agency or other investment securities, a letter of credit or deposit bond insurance.

The Company’s deposits come primarily from within the Company’s trade area. As of December 31, 2008 the Company had $385 million in “brokered deposits,” defined as deposits which, to the knowledge of the Company, have been placed with the Bank by a person who acts as a broker in placing these deposits on behalf of others or are otherwise deemed to be “brokered” by bank regulatory authority rules and regulations. Brokered deposits are typically from outside the Company’s primary trade area, and such deposit levels may vary from time to time depending on competitive interest rate conditions and other factors.

Other Banking Services

Mortgage Lending. The Company offers a broad array of residential mortgage products including long-term fixed and variable rate loans to be sold on a servicing-released basis in the secondary market. The Company originates residential mortgage loans to be resold on the secondary market primarily through its banking offices located in Arkansas’ larger markets and in most of its Texas banking offices. Most residential mortgage loans originated in the Company’s smaller markets are either fixed rate loans which balloon periodically, typically every one to five years, or variable rate loans and are retained by the Company in its loan portfolio.

Trust and Wealth Management Services. The Company offers a broad array of trust and wealth management services from its headquarters in Little Rock, Arkansas, with additional staff in Conway and Rogers. These trust and wealth management services include personal trusts, custodial accounts, investment management accounts, retirement accounts, corporate trust services including trustee, paying agent and registered transfer agent services, and other incidental services. As of December 31, 2008 total trust assets were approximately $630 million compared to approximately $645 million as of December 31, 2007 and approximately $555 million as of December 31, 2006.

Treasury Management Services. The Company offers treasury management products which are designed to provide a high level of specialized support to the treasury operations of business and public funds customers. Treasury management has four basic functions: deposit handling, funds concentration, funds disbursement and information reporting. The Company’s treasury management services include automated clearing house services (e.g. direct deposit, direct payment and electronic cash concentration and disbursement), wire transfer, zero balance accounts, current and prior day transaction reporting, lock box services, remote deposit capture services, automated credit line transfer, investment sweep accounts, reconciliation services and account analysis.

Internet Banking. The Company offers an on-line banking service over the Internet for both business customers and consumers. Through this service customers can access their account information, pay bills, transfer funds, reorder checks, buy U.S. Savings Bonds, change addresses, issue stop payment requests and handle other banking business electronically. Businesses are offered more advanced features which allow them to handle most treasury management functions electronically and access their account information on a more timely basis. The Company also provides images of cancelled checks for customers to view on-line and provides businesses with the ability to obtain cancelled check images on compact discs for storage and retrieval.

 

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Market Area and Competition

The Company’s market areas include primarily the northern, western and central portions of Arkansas, the metropolitan Dallas, Texas area, the Texarkana area (including areas in Texas and Arkansas) and the metropolitan Charlotte, North Carolina area. At December 31, 2008, 66.0%, 29.1% and 4.9%, respectively, of the Company’s loans and leases were originated by its offices in Arkansas, Texas and North Carolina, and 86.8% and 13.2%, respectively, of the Company’s deposits were originated by its offices in Arkansas and Texas.

The banking industry in the Company’s market areas is highly competitive. In addition to competing with other commercial and savings banks and savings and loan associations, the Company competes with credit unions, finance companies, leasing companies, mortgage companies, insurance companies, brokerage and investment banking firms, asset-based non-bank lenders and many other financial service firms. Competition is based on interest rates offered on deposit accounts, interest rates charged on loans and leases, fees and service charges, the quality and scope of the services rendered, the convenience of banking facilities and, in the case of loans to commercial borrowers, relative lending limits, as well as other factors.

As of June 30, 2008, the latest date for which Federal Insurance Deposit Corporation (“FDIC”) branch data is available, the Bank’s deposits represented 4.4% of deposits for all FDIC-insured institutions in the state of Arkansas compared to 4.3% at June 30, 2007 and 3.9% at June 30, 2006. In the 20 Arkansas counties in which the Company operates, the Bank’s deposits were 7.4% of the total deposits of all banks in those counties as of June 30, 2008, compared to 7.2% of such total deposits at June 30, 2007 and 6.5% at June 30, 2006.

A substantial number of the commercial banks operating in the Company’s market area are branches or subsidiaries of much larger organizations affiliated with statewide, regional or national banking companies and as a result may have greater resources and lower costs of funds than the Company. Additionally the Company faces competition from a large number of community banks, including de novo community banks, many of which have senior management who were previously with other local banks or investor groups with strong local business and community ties. Despite the highly competitive environment, management believes the Company will continue to be competitive because of its strong commitment to quality customer service, convenient local branches, active community involvement and competitive products and pricing.

Employees

At December 31, 2008 the Company employed 705 full-time equivalent employees, compared to 689 at December 31, 2007 and 699 at December 31, 2006. None of the employees were represented by any union or similar group. The Company has not experienced any labor disputes or strikes arising from any organized labor groups. The Company believes its employee relations are good.

Executive Officers of Registrant

The following is a list of the executive officers of the Company:

George Gleason, age 55, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Gleason has served the Company or the Bank as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and/or President since 1979. He holds a B.A. in Business and Economics from Hendrix College and a J.D. from the University of Arkansas.

Mark Ross, age 53, Vice Chairman, President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Ross joined the Company in 1980 and has served in several key positions, becoming President in 1986, joining the Board of Directors in 1992, and adding the responsibilities of Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer to his duties as President in 2002. Mr. Ross holds a B.A. in Business Administration from Hendrix College.

Paul Moore, age 62, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer since 1995. Mr. Moore is a C.P.A. and received a B.S.B.A. in Banking, Finance and Accounting from the University of Arkansas.

C. E. Dougan, age 62, President of the Bank’s Western Division since 2000. Prior to that Mr. Dougan served as a director of the Company from 1997 to 2000. Mr. Dougan was co-owner from 1996 to 2000 of Mooney-Dougan, Inc., specializing in residential real estate development, construction and investments. Prior to 1997 Mr. Dougan, who has over 37 years of banking experience, served 12 years as president and chief executive officer of a competitor.

 

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Scott Hastings, age 51, President of the Bank’s Leasing Division since 2003. From 2001 to 2002 he served as division president of the leasing division of a large diversified national financial services firm. From 1995 to 2001 he served in several key positions including President, Chief Operating Officer and Director of a large regional bank’s leasing subsidiary. Mr. Hastings holds a B.A. degree from the University of Arkansas-Little Rock.

Gene Holman, age 61, President of the Bank’s Mortgage Division since 2004. Prior to 2004 Mr. Holman served as President and Chief Operating Officer of a competitor mortgage company and held various senior management positions with that company during his 21 year tenure. Mr. Holman has 35 years of real estate and mortgage banking experience. Mr. Holman is a C.P.A. and received a B.S.B.A. in Accounting from the University of Mississippi.

Rex Kyle, age 52, President of the Bank’s Trust and Wealth Management Division since 2004. Prior to 2004 Mr. Kyle was Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer in the trust division of a competitor bank. Mr. Kyle has 30 years experience as a banking trust professional providing a wide array of asset management and trust services for individuals, businesses and government entities. He holds a B.S. and M.S. in Agricultural Economics and a J.D. from Texas A&M University.

Greg McKinney, age 40, Executive Vice President and Controller since 2003. From 2001 to 2003 Mr. McKinney served as a member of the financial leadership team of a publicly-traded software development and data management company. For most of the year 2000, Mr. McKinney served as a senior audit manager of a local C.P.A. firm. From 1991 to 2000 he held various positions with a big-four public accounting firm, leaving as senior audit manager when the firm closed its Little Rock office. Mr. McKinney is a C.P.A. and holds a B.S. in Accounting from Louisiana Tech University.

Dan Rolett, age 46, Executive Vice President of the Bank since 2002. He joined the Bank as Vice President in 1996 and was named Senior Vice President in 1999 to manage the Bank’s investment portfolio among other duties. He holds a B.A. in Marketing and Finance from the University of Arkansas-Little Rock.

Darrel Russell, age 55, President of the Bank’s Central Division since 2001 and since March 2007 co-chairman of the Loan Committee. He joined the Bank in 1983 and served as Executive Vice President of the Bank from 1997 to 2001 and Senior Vice President of the Bank from 1992 to 1997. Prior to 1992 Mr. Russell served in various positions with the Bank. He received a B.S.B.A. in Banking and Finance from the University of Arkansas.

Messrs. Gleason, Ross, Moore, Rolett and McKinney serve in the same positions with both the Company and the Bank. All other listed officers are officers of the Bank.

SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

In addition to the generally applicable state and federal laws governing businesses and employers, bank holding companies and banks are extensively regulated under both federal and state law. With few exceptions, state and federal banking laws have as their principal objective either the maintenance of the safety and soundness of the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”) (formerly the Bank Insurance Fund (“BIF”) and Savings Association Insurance Fund (“SAIF”)) of the FDIC or the protection of consumers or classes of consumers, rather than the specific protection of the shareholders of the Company. Bank holding companies and banks that fail to conduct their operations in a safe and sound basis or in compliance with applicable laws can be compelled by the regulators to change the way they do business and may be subject to regulatory enforcement actions, including encumbrances imposed on their operations. To the extent that the following information describes statutory and regulatory provisions, it is qualified in its entirety by reference to those particular statutory and regulatory provisions. Any change in applicable law or regulation may have an adverse effect on the results of operation and financial condition of the Company and the Bank.

Federal Regulation

The primary federal banking regulatory authority for the Company is the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “FRB”), acting pursuant to its authority to regulate bank holding companies. Because the Bank is an insured depository institution which is not a member bank of the Federal Reserve System, it is subject to regulation and supervision by the FDIC and is not subject to direct supervision by the FRB.

 

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Recent Legislative and Regulatory Initiatives to Address the Current Financial and Economic Crisis. In response to the current financial and economic crisis affecting the overall banking system and financial markets in the U.S. and around the world, on October 3, 2008 Congress passed, and the President signed into law, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”). Under EESA, the U.S. Department of the Treasury (“Treasury”) has the authority, among other things, to purchase up to $700 billion of mortgages, mortgage-backed securities and certain other financial instruments from financial institutions for the purpose of stabilizing and providing liquidity to the U.S. financial markets.

On October 14, 2008, Treasury announced the availability, through the Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”) created as part of EESA, of its voluntary Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”) for qualifying public financial institutions such as U.S.-controlled banks, savings associations, and certain bank and savings and loan holding companies. Under the CPP, Treasury used $250 billion of its $700 billion available under the EESA to purchase $125 billion of preferred stock in nine major financial institutions. The remaining $125 billion was used for the purchase of preferred stock in qualifying U.S.-controlled banks, savings associations, and certain bank and savings and loan holding companies engaged only in financial activities. The general terms of the preferred stock program were as follows for a participating bank holding company: the holding company must pay cumulative 5% per annum dividends on the preferred stock issued to the Treasury for the first five years and 9% per annum dividends thereafter; the holding company cannot increase common stock dividends for three years without the consent of Treasury while Treasury is an investor; as originally announced, the holding company cannot redeem Treasury preferred stock for three years except out of proceeds of sale of equity securities fully qualifying as Tier 1 capital in an amount equal to at least 25% of the issue price of the Treasury preferred stock; the holding company must receive Treasury’s consent to buy back its own stock; Treasury receives warrants entitling Treasury to buy the holding company’s common stock at a formula-based fair market value, determined at the time of the preferred stock investment, equal to 15% of Treasury’s total investment in the holding company; the holding company’s executives must agree to certain incentive compensation restrictions; and the holding company is restricted from claiming more than $500,000 in federal income tax deductions with respect to any senior executive officer’s compensation. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, discussed below, has further modified the TARP and CPP programs.

On October 22, 2008, the FRB issued an interim final rule providing that senior perpetual preferred stock which is sold to Treasury purusant to EESA qualifies without limit as Tier 1 capital.

On December 12, 2008, the Company and Treasury entered into a Letter Agreement including the Securities Purchase Agreement — Standard Terms incorporated therein (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company issued to Treasury, in exchange for aggregate consideration of $75,000,000, (i) 75,000 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (“Series A Preferred Stock”), and (ii) a warrant to purchase up to 379,811 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $29.62 per share, subject to certain anti-dilution and other adjustments. Under the Purchase Agreement, Treasury reserved the right to unilaterally amend any of the terms of the Purchase Agreement to the extent required to comply with any changes after December 12, 2008 in applicable federal statutes.

Pursuant to authority granted to it under EESA, on October 9, 2008 the FRB adopted an interim final rule amending Regulation D (Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions) and directed the Federal Reserve Banks to pay interest on required reserve balances (that is, balances held to satisfy depository institutions’ reserve requirements) and on excess balances (balances held in excess of required reserve balances and clearing balances). As of November 6, 2008, the rate on required reserve balances was set equal to the average target federal funds rate over the reserve maintenance period. The rate on excess balances was set equal to the lowest Federal Open Market Committee target rate in effect during the reserve maintenance period.

Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program. On October 14, 2008, the FDIC announced a new program — the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (“TLGP”) that provides unlimited deposit insurance on funds in non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts not otherwise covered by the existing deposit insurance limit of $250,000. Such non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts are initially insured at no cost to the institution for 30 days, with coverage continuing through December 31, 2009 at a 10 bps fee on deposit amounts in excess of $250,000. Eligible institutions were able to opt-out on or before December 5, 2008. The Bank did not elect to opt-out of the unlimited deposit insurance provided under the TLGP. Also under TLGP, newly issued senior unsecured debt issued on or before June 30, 2009 will be fully insured in the event the issuing institution subsequently fails, or its holding company files for bankruptcy. The debt guaranteed in the program includes all newly issued unsecured senior debt, including: promissory notes, commercial paper,

 

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inter-bank funding, and any unsecured portion of secured debt, but specifically excludes 30-day or less federal funds purchased. The aggregate coverage for an institution may not exceed the greater of (i) 125% of the debt outstanding on September 30, 2008 that was scheduled to mature before June 30, 2009 or (ii) 2% of total consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2009. The guarantee of any newly issued debt will extend to June 30, 2012, even if the maturity of the debt is after that date. Such unsecured debt is initially insured at no cost to the institution for 30 days with coverage continuing at an annualized fee ranging from 50 to 100 bps. Institutions eligible to participate had a one time opt-out option available on or before November 12, 2008. The Company opted out while the Bank did not opt out of this debt guarantee program. As of March 6, 2009, the Bank had not utilized the debt guarantee program by issuing senior unsecured debt.

Comprehensive Financial Stability Plan of 2009. On February 10, 2009, the Secretary of the Treasury announced a new comprehensive financial stability plan (the “Financial Stability Plan”), which builds upon existing programs and earmarks the second $350 billion of unused funds originally authorized under EESA. The major elements of the Financial Stability Plan include: (i) a capital assistance program that will invest in convertible preferred stock of certain qualifying institutions, (ii) a consumer and business lending initiative to fund new consumer loans, small business loans and commercial mortgage asset-backed securities issuances, (iii) a new public-private investment fund that will leverage public and private capital with public financing to purchase up to $500 billion to $1 trillion of legacy “toxic assets” from financial institutions, and (iv) assistance for homeowners by providing up to $75 billion to reduce mortgage payments and interest rates and establishing loan modification guidelines for government and private programs. In addition, all banking institutions with assets over $100 billion will be required to undergo a comprehensive “stress test” to determine if they have sufficient capital to continue lending and to absorb losses that could result from a decline in the economy that is more severe than currently projected. Institutions receiving assistance under the Financial Stability Plan going forward will be subject to higher transparency and accountability standards, including restrictions on dividends, acquisitions and executive compensation and additional disclosure requirements. The Company cannot predict at this time what effect, if any, that the Financial Stability Plan may have on its financial condition or results of operations.

On February 17, 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the “Recovery Act”) was signed into law. The Recovery Act amended in its entirety the provisions of EESA dealing with executive compensation of financial institutions participating in the TARP or CPP programs authorized under EESA. To the extent the Recovery Act provisions conflict with the Financial Stability Plan, the Company believes the Recovery Act provisions will take precedence. The Recovery Act has significant implications on the compensation arrangements of institutions such as the Company that have accepted or will accept government funds under the CPP or other assistance under TARP. The Recovery Act directs the Secretary of the Treasury to establish standards and promulgate regulations on executive compensation practices of TARP recipients. The Recovery Act’s restrictions will apply to the Company, its compensation policies and its executive officers in several ways, including the following:

 

   

Bonuses and Incentive Compensation. The Company will generally be prohibited from paying or accruing any bonus, retention award or incentive compensation to certain highly compensated employees. This restriction applies to the Company’s five most highly compensated employees (or such higher number as the Secretary of the Treasury may determine is in the public interest). The Recovery Act does permit bonus payments that are required under a written contract executed on or before February 11, 2009 or if the bonus, retention or incentive compensation is, subject to certain restrictions including vesting and amount awarded, paid in the form of restricted stock.

 

   

Golden Parachutes. TARP imposed limitations on the ability of the Company to make “golden parachute payments” to the Company’s top five senior executive officers. A golden parachute payment was previously defined under TARP as a payment on account of an involuntary departure of the executive officer from the Company in an amount equal to or more than three times the last annual salary received by the executive prior to termination. The Recovery Act expands the application of the golden parachute limitations to also apply to the next five most highly compensated employees of the Company. The meaning of the term “golden parachute payment” has also been broadened under the Recovery Act to include any payment for departure from a company for any reason, except for payments for services performed or benefits accrued.

 

   

Clawbacks. TARP required recipients such as the Company to recover any bonus, retention award, or incentive compensation paid to any one of its top five senior executive officers based on statements of earnings, revenues, gains, or other criteria that are later found to be materially inaccurate. The Recovery Act expands the TARP’s “clawback” requirements rule to apply not only to the Company’s senior executive officers, but also to the next 20 most highly compensated employees of the Company.

 

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Anti-Manipulation. The Recovery Act prohibits any compensation plan that would encourage manipulation of reported earnings to enhance the compensation of any of the Company’s employees.

The Recovery Act also affects certain other executive compensation policies and practices, including the following:

 

   

The Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer must provide a written certification to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) of compliance with the executive compensation restrictions described in TARP, as modified by the Recovery Act. The Company believes that these certifications, which are in addition to the certifications required under the Purchase Agreement by which the Company issued its preferred stock to Treasury, will be required after publication of appropriate guidelines by the SEC.

 

   

The Company’s board of directors must enact a Company-wide policy regarding excessive or luxury expenditures. This includes policies on entertainment, events, office and facility renovations, air and other travel and other activities or events that are not reasonable expenditures for staff development, reasonable performance incentives or other similar measures conducted in the normal course of business.

 

   

The Company’s shareholders may have a separate “say-on-pay” vote at each annual or other shareholders meeting to approve the compensation of the named executive officers. Such vote will be advisory only, and will not be binding on the Company’s board of directors.

The Making Home Affordable Program. On March 4, 2009, Treasury announced the “Making Home Affordable” program (the “MHA”) intended to provide assistance to homeowners by, among other things, introducing new refinancing and loan modification programs. The refinancing program is intended to allow homeowners who have loans either owned or guaranteed by Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, and who have seen the value of their homes decline, to refinance existing mortgage thereby providing them with lower mortgage payments. As part of the new loan modification program, which is intended to prevent foreclosures, Treasury issued guidelines designed to enable mortgagors and their mortgage holders to modify existing loans and reduce homeowners’ monthly mortgage payments, thereby reducing the risk of foreclosure. In describing the MHA, Treasury also reiterated that the current administration will seek changes to bankruptcy provision to facilitate the goals of the MHA. Given the recent announcement of the MHA and the guidelines thereunder, the Company is continuing to review the potential impact of such program on the Company and the Bank.

The actions described above, together with additional actions announced by Treasury and other regulatory agencies continue to develop. It is not clear at this time what impact EESA, TARP, TLGP, MHA or any of the other liquidity, funding and home ownership initiatives of Treasury and other bank regulatory agencies that have been previously announced, and any additional programs that may be initiated in the future, will have on the financial markets and the financial services industry. The extreme levels of volatility and limited credit availability currently being experienced could continue to adversely affect the U.S. banking industry and the broader U.S. and global economies, which may have an impact on all financial institutions, including the Company.

Bank Holding Company Act. The Company is subject to supervision by the FRB under the provisions of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”). The BHCA restricts the types of activities in which bank holding companies may engage and imposes a range of supervisory requirements on their activities, including regulatory enforcement actions for violations of laws and policies. The BHCA limits the activities of the Company and any companies controlled by it to the activities of banking, managing and controlling banks, furnishing or performing services for its subsidiaries, and any other activity that the FRB determines to be incidental to or closely related to banking. These restrictions also apply to any company in which the Company owns 5% or more of the voting securities.

Before a bank holding company engages in any non-bank-related activity, either by acquisition or commencement of de novo operations, it must comply with the FRB’s notification and approval procedures. In reviewing these notifications, the FRB considers a number of factors, including the expected benefits to the public versus the risks of possible adverse effects. In general, the potential benefits include greater convenience to the public, increased competition and gains in efficiency, while the potential risks include undue concentration of resources, decreased or unfair competition, conflicts of interest and unsound banking practices.

 

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Under the BHCA, a bank holding company must obtain FRB approval before engaging in acquisitions of banks or bank holding companies. In particular, the FRB must generally approve the following actions by a bank holding company:

 

   

the acquisition of ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting securities of any bank or bank holding company;

 

   

the acquisition of all or substantially all of the assets of a bank; and

 

   

the merger or consolidation with another bank holding company.

In considering any application for approval of an acquisition or merger, the FRB is required to consider various competitive factors, the financial and managerial resources of the companies and banks concerned, the convenience and needs of the communities to be served, the effectiveness of the applicant in combating money laundering activities, and the applicant’s record of compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (the “CRA”). The CRA generally requires financial institutions to take affirmative action to ascertain and meet the credit needs of its entire community, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. The Attorney General of the United States may, within 30 days after approval of an acquisition by the FRB, bring an action challenging such acquisition under the federal antitrust laws, in which case the effectiveness of such approval is stayed pending a final ruling by the courts.

Source of Strength Doctrine. Under FRB policy and regulation, a bank holding company is required to serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks and may not conduct its operations in an unsafe or unsound manner. In addition, it is the FRB’s policy that a bank holding company should stand ready to use available resources to provide adequate capital to its subsidiary banks during periods of financial stress or adversity and should maintain the financial flexibility and capital-raising capacity to obtain additional resources for assisting its subsidiary banks. Consistent with this, the FRB has stated that, as a matter of prudent banking, a bank holding company should generally not maintain a given rate of cash dividends unless its net income available to common stockholders has been sufficient to fully fund the dividends and the prospective rate of earnings retention appears to be consistent with the organization’s capital needs, asset quality, and overall financial condition. A bank holding company’s failure to meet its obligations to serve as a source of strength to its subsidiary banks will generally be considered by the FRB to be an unsafe and unsound banking practice or a violation of the FRB regulations, or both.

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. Under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the “GLBA”), a bank holding company that elects to become a “financial holding company” will be permitted to engage in any activity that the FRB, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, determines by regulation or order is (i) financial in nature or incidental to such financial activity or (ii) complementary to a financial activity and does not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally. In addition to traditional lending activities, the GLBA specifies the following activities as financial in nature:

 

   

acting as principal, underwriter, agent or broker for insurance;

 

   

underwriting, dealing in or making a market in securities;

 

   

merchant banking activities; and

 

   

providing financial and investment advice.

A bank holding company may become a financial holding company only if all depository institution subsidiaries of the holding company are well-capitalized, well-managed and have at least a satisfactory rating under the CRA. A financial holding company that falls out of compliance with such requirement may be required to cease engaging in certain activities.

National banks are also authorized by the GLBA to engage, through “financial subsidiaries,” in any activity that is permissible for a financial holding company, except (i) insurance underwriting, (ii) real estate development or real estate investment activities (unless otherwise permitted by law), (iii) insurance company portfolio investments and (iv) merchant banking. The authority of a national bank to invest in a financial subsidiary is subject to a number of conditions, including, among other things, requirements that the bank be well-managed and well-capitalized (after deducting from capital the bank’s outstanding investments in financial subsidiaries). The GLBA provides that state banks, such as the Bank, may invest in financial subsidiaries that engage as principal in activities that would only be permissible for a national bank to conduct in a financial subsidiary. This authority is generally subject to the same conditions that apply to national bank investments in financial subsidiaries.

The GLBA also includes a number of consumer protections, including provisions intended to protect privacy of bank customers’ financial information and provisions requiring disclosure of ATM fees imposed by banks on customers of other banks. Under the consumer privacy provisions mandated by the GLBA, when establishing a customer relationship, a financial

 

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institution must give the consumer information such as when it will disclose nonpublic, personal information to unaffiliated third parties, what type of information it may share and what types of affiliates may receive the information. The institution must also provide customers with annual privacy notices, a reasonable means for preventing the disclosure of information to third parties, and the opportunity to opt out of the disclosure at any time.

The Company has no current plans to elect to become a financial holding company. As long as the Company has not elected to become a financial holding company, it will remain subject to the current restrictions of the BHCA.

USA Patriot Act. Title III of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001 (the “Patriot Act”) increased the obligation of financial institutions, including banks, to identify their customers, watch for and report suspicious transactions, respond to requests for information by federal banking regulatory authorities and law enforcement agencies, and share information with other financial institutions. The Patriot Act also amended the BHCA and the Bank Merger Act to require federal banking regulatory authorities to consider the effectiveness of a financial institution’s anti-money laundering activities when reviewing an application to expand operations. Financial institutions, including banks, are required under final rules implementing Section 326 of the Patriot Act to establish procedures for collecting standard information from customers opening new accounts and verifying the identity of these new accountholders within a reasonable period of time.

Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003. On December 4, 2003, the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 (the “FACT Act”) was signed into law. The FACT Act permanently extends the national credit reporting standards of the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1978 (the “FCRA”), which would otherwise have expired on January 1, 2004, and permits consumers, including customers of the Bank, to opt out of information sharing among affiliated companies for marketing purposes. The FACT Act also requires financial institutions, including banks, to notify a customer if the institution provides negative information about the customer to a national credit reporting agency or if the credit that is granted to the customer is on less favorable terms than those generally available. Banks must comply with guidelines established by their federal banking regulators to help detect identity theft.

The FRB and the Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) implemented rules for those sections of the FACT Act having a specified implementation date of December 31, 2003. Such sections primarily dealt with the relationship of state laws to the FCRA. For those sections of the FACT Act not having a specified implementation date, the FRB and the FTC jointly issued rules making many of such provisions effective as of December 1, 2004. Subsequent joint agency rules have been adopted which require financial institutions to properly dispose of consumer information derived from a consumer report in a manner consistent with the previous guidelines and to develop and implement a written identity theft program to detect, prevent and mitigate identify theft concerning certain types of accounts.

Interstate Banking. The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (the “Interstate Act”) amended the BHCA to permit bank holding companies to acquire existing banks in any state effective September 29, 1995. The Interstate Act preempted barriers that restricted entry into states and created opportunities for expansion into markets that were previously closed. Interstate banking and branching authority (discussed below) is subject to certain conditions and restrictions, such as capital adequacy, management and CRA compliance.

The Interstate Act also contained interstate branching provisions that allow multistate banking operations to merge into a single bank with interstate branches. The interstate branching provisions became effective on June 1, 1997, although states were allowed to pass laws to opt in early or to opt out completely as long as they acted prior to that date. Effective May 31, 1997, the Arkansas Interstate Banking and Branching Act of 1997 (the “Arkansas Interstate Act”) authorized banks to engage in interstate branching activities within the borders of the state of Arkansas.

Banks acquired pursuant to this branching authority may be converted to branches. Interstate branching allows banks to merge across state lines to form a single institution. Interstate merger transactions can be used to consolidate existing multistate operations or to acquire new branches. A bank can also establish a new branch as its initial entry into a state if the state has authorized de novo branching. The Arkansas Interstate Act prohibits entry into the state through de novo branching.

Deposit Insurance. The FDIC insures the deposits of the Bank to the extent provided by law. Prior to 2007, under the FDIC’s risk-based insurance system, depository institutions were assessed premiums based upon the institution’s capital position and other supervisory factors. Effective January 1, 2007, the FDIC began using a new approach to assess premiums. The FDIC places each depository institution in one of four risk categories using a two-step process based first on capital

 

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ratios (the capital group assignment) and then on other relevant information (the supervisory group assignment). Within the lowest risk category, known as Risk Category I, rates will vary based on each institution’s CAMELS component ratings, certain financial ratios (for most institutions), and long-term debt issuer ratings (for large institutions that have such a rating). In 2008, rates ranged between 5 and 43 cents per $100 in assessable deposits depending on the risk category to which an insured depository institution was assigned. Institutions in Risk Category I were charged a rate between 5 and 7 cents per $100 in assessable deposits. However, as discussed below, rates have dramatically increased for the first quarter of 2009 and are anticipated to remain at increased levels for the next several years.

On February 8, 2006, the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005 (the “Reform Act”) was signed into law as part of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005. Among other provisions, the Reform Act provided for the merger of the two insurance funds, BIF and SAIF, into a new single deposit insurance fund, DIF. Prior to the merger of BIF and SAIF, the Bank’s primary insurance fund for deposits was BIF. Among other things, the Reform Act provides for the (i) modification of assessments under the risk-based assessment system, (ii) replacement of a fixed designated reserve ratio with a reserve range between 1.15% of estimated insured deposits and 1.5% of estimated insured deposits, and (iii) payment by the FDIC of dividends when certain reserve ratios exceed certain thresholds. Because of recent depository institution failures, the DIF reserve ratio fell significantly below 1.15%. The Reform Act requires that the FDIC create and implement a plan to restore the reserve ratio to at least 1.15% within five years.

On October 16, 2008, the FDIC published a notice in the Federal Register concerning its establishment of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Restoration Plan (the “Restoration Plan”). The Restoration Plan is a five year recapitalization plan for the DIF (subsequently amended to cover a seven-year time frame, as discussed below) based, in part, on significantly higher assessed DIF rates. Concurrent with the publication of the Restoration Plan, the FDIC issued a proposed rule to increase the DIF assessed rates for the first quarter of 2009 by 7 bps and, effective April 1, 2009, to make certain other changes regarding risk-based assessment and to set new deposit insurance rates. On December 22, 2008, the FDIC issued a final rule in which it invoked the “good cause” exception of the Administrative Procedures Act to waive the requirement that once finalized a rule must have a delayed effective date of 30 days from the publication date and, effective January 1, 2009, raised the first quarter 2009 DIF assessed rates by 7 bps. Under the final rule, for the first quarter of 2009, the new rates were expressed to range between 12 and 50 cents per $100 in assessable deposits depending on the risk category to which an insured depository institution was assigned. Institutions in Risk Category I were charged a rate between 12 and 14 cents per $100 in assessable deposits for the first quarter of 2009. Such an increase in the DIF assessed rates more than doubles the previous applicable rates for Tier I institutions.

On February 27, 2009 the FDIC amended the Restoration Plan for the DIF. Under the amended Restoration Plan, the FDIC extended the horizon from five years to seven years to raise the DIF reserve ratio to 1.15 percent, in recognition of the current significant strains on banks and the financial system and the likelihood of a severe recession. The amended Restoration Plan was accompanied by a final rule that sets assessment rates and makes adjustments to recognize how the assessment system differentiates for risk. Currently, most banks are in the best risk category and pay anywhere from 12 cents per $100 of deposits to 14 cents per $100 for insurance. Under the final rule, banks in this category will pay initial base rates ranging from 12 cents per $100 to 16 cents per $100 on an annual basis, beginning on April 1, 2009. Changes to the assessment system include higher rates for institutions that rely significantly on secured liabilities, which would increase the FDIC’s loss in the event of institutional failure, without providing additional assessment revenue. Under the final rule, assessments will be higher for institutions that rely significantly on brokered deposits but, for well-managed and well-capitalized institutions, only when accompanied by rapid asset growth. The final rule also provides incentives in the form of a reduction in assessment rates for institutions to hold long-term unsecured debt and, for smaller institutions, high levels of Tier 1 capital.

On February 27, 2009 the FDIC adopted an interim rule imposing a 20 basis point emergency special assessment on the industry on June 30, 2009. The assessment is to be collected on September 30, 2009. The interim rule would also permit the FDIC to impose an emergency special assessment after June 30, 2009, of up to 10 basis points if necessary to maintain public confidence in federal deposit insurance. However, the status of this emergency assessment is not currently clear. On March 5, 2009, FDIC Chairman Shelia Bair indicated that if Congress significantly expands the FDIC’s borrowing authority with Treasury, the FDIC would have flexibility to reduce the size of the emergency special assessment. Legislation has also been introduced and is pending in Congress to increase the FDIC’s borrowing authority from $30 billion to $100 billion. Chairman Bair has indicated in recent news reports that if this pending legislation is adopted, it would relieve the FDIC from imposing the full emergency special assessment and would allow a lowering of the assessment from the proposed 20 basis points to 10 basis points. At this time, however, the Company is unable to predict whether the proposed one time special assessment will be decreased or when any further developments concerning such assessment might occur.

 

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On February 27, 2009 the FDIC also modified the debt guarantee component of the TLGP to allow participating entities, with the FDIC’s permission, to issue mandatory convertible debt. This change would provide institutions additional options for raising capital and reduce the concentration of FDIC-guaranteed debt maturing in mid-2012.

Insured depository institutions are further assessed premiums for Financing Corporation (“FICO”) bond debt service. The FICO assessment rate for DIF ranged between a high of 1.14 bps for the first quarter of 2008 to a low of 1.10 for the fourth quarter of 2008. For the first quarter of 2009, the FICO assessment rate for DIF is 1.14 bps resulting in a premium of $0.0114 per $100 of DIF-eligible deposits.

Capital Adequacy Requirements. The FRB monitors the capital adequacy of bank holding companies such as the Company, and the FDIC monitors the capital adequacy of the Bank. The federal bank regulators use a combination of risk-based guidelines and leverage ratios to evaluate capital adequacy.

Under the risk-based capital guidelines, bank regulators assign a risk weight to each category of assets based generally on the perceived credit risk of the asset class. The risk weights are then multiplied by the corresponding asset balances to determine a “risk-weighted” asset base. The minimum ratio of total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets is 8.0%. At least half of the risk-based capital must consist of Tier 1 capital, which is comprised of common stock, additional paid-in capital, retained earnings, certain types of preferred stock, a limited amount of trust preferred securities and qualifying minority interests in the equity capital accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, and excludes goodwill and various intangible assets. However, on December 30, 2008, the several federal banking regulators issued a final rule providing that a banking organization may reduce the amount of goodwill deducted from Tier 1 capital by the amount of any deferred tax liability associated with that goodwill. The remainder, or Tier 2 capital, may consist of amounts of trust preferred securities and other preferred stock excluded from Tier 1 capital, certain hybrid capital instruments and other debt securities and an allowance for loan and lease losses not to exceed 1.25% of risk-weighted assets. The sum of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital is “total risk-based capital.”

The leverage ratio is a company’s Tier 1 capital divided by its adjusted average total consolidated assets. The minimum required leverage ratio is 3.0% of Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets for institutions with the highest regulatory rating of 1. All other institutions must maintain a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%. For a tabular summary of the Company’s and the Bank’s risk-weighted capital and leverage ratios, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation-Capital Compliance” and Note 15 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Bank regulators from time to time consider raising or otherwise modifying the capital requirements of banking organizations beyond current levels. As an example, in December of 2007 federal banking regulators, including the FRB and the FDIC, jointly adopted a final rule implementing a new risk-based regulatory capital framework. The rule was effective as of April 1, 2008. By requiring the assigning of risk-based parameters and the use of specific risk-based capital formulas, the rule is intended to produce risk-based capital requirements that are more risk sensitive than the requirements existing under the current risk-based rules. Although the final rule is applicable to “core banks” having consolidated total assets of $250 billion or more, adoption of the rule’s requirements is currently optional for other banks. However, as the structure of the capital adequacy framework continues to be the subject of federal regulatory consideration, the Company is unable to predict whether higher or otherwise modified capital requirements will be imposed, the amount or timing of any such increases or modifications and the potential effect of any future mandated use of increased risk-sensitive capital requirements. Therefore, the Company cannot predict what effect such changes to the existing capital requirements may have on it or on the Bank.

Enforcement Authority. The FRB has enforcement authority over bank holding companies and non-banking subsidiaries to forestall activities that represent unsafe or unsound practices or constitute violations of law. It may exercise these powers by issuing cease-and-desist orders or through other actions. The FRB may also assess civil penalties in amounts up to $1 million for each day’s violation against companies or individuals who violate the BHCA or related regulations. The FRB can also require a bank holding company to divest ownership or control of a non-banking subsidiary or require such subsidiary to terminate its non-banking activities. Certain violations may also result in criminal penalties.

The FDIC possesses comparable authority under the FDI Act, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (the “FDICIA”) and other statutes with respect to the Bank. In addition, the FDIC can terminate insurance of accounts, after notice and hearing, upon a finding that the insured institution is or has engaged in any unsafe or unsound practice that has not been corrected, is in an unsafe and unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, or order of, or condition imposed by the appropriate supervisors.

 

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The FDICIA required federal banking agencies to broaden the scope of regulatory corrective action taken with respect to depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital and related requirements and to take such actions promptly in order to minimize losses to the FDIC. In connection with FDICIA, federal banking agencies established capital measures (including both a leverage measure and a risk-based capital measure) and specified for each capital measure the levels at which depository institutions will be considered well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized. If an institution becomes classified as undercapitalized, the appropriate federal banking agency will require the institution to submit an acceptable capital restoration plan and can suspend or greatly limit the institution’s ability to effect numerous actions including capital distributions, acquisitions of assets, the establishment of new branches and the entry into new lines of business.

Examination. The FRB may examine the Company and any or all of its subsidiaries. The FDIC examines and evaluates insured banks approximately every 12 months, and it may assess the institution for its costs of conducting the examinations. The FDIC has a reciprocal agreement with the Arkansas State Bank Department whereby each will accept the other’s examination reports in certain cases. The Bank generally undergoes FDIC and state examinations on a joint basis.

Reporting Obligations. As a bank holding company, the Company must file with the FRB an annual report and such additional information as the FRB may require pursuant to the BHCA. The Bank must submit to federal and state regulators annual audit reports prepared by independent auditors. The Company’s annual report, which includes the report of the Company’s independent auditors, can be used to satisfy this requirement. The Bank must submit quarterly, to the FDIC, Reports of Condition and Income (referred to in the banking industry as a Call Report).

Other Regulation. The Company’s status as a registered bank holding company under the BHCA does not exempt it from certain federal and state laws and regulations applicable to corporations generally, including, without limitation, certain provisions of the federal securities laws. The Company is under the jurisdiction of the SEC and of state securities commissions for matters relating to the offer and sale of its securities.

The Bank’s loan operations are subject to certain federal laws applicable to credit transactions, including, among others, the federal Truth In Lending Act of 1968, as amended (“TILA”) governing disclosures of credit terms to consumer borrowers, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 requiring financial institutions to provide information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether a financial institution is fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs of the community it serves, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, creed or other prohibited factors in extending credit, the FCRA governing the use and provision of information to credit reporting agencies, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection agencies, the Fair Housing Act prohibiting discriminatory practices relative to real estate related transactions, including the financing of housing and the rules and regulations of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing such federal laws. In addition, on November 17, 2008, the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development published new final rules under the Real Estate Settlement and Procedures Act of 1974 (“RESPA”). The new RESPA rules, which became effective January 16, 2009, are intended to afford consumers greater protection pertaining to federally related mortgage loans by requiring, among other things, improved and streamlined good faith estimate forms including clear summary information and improved disclosure of yield spread premiums.

The deposit operations of the Bank also are subject to, among other laws and regulations, the Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978, which imposes a duty to maintain confidentiality of consumer financial records and prescribes procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act, which governs automatic deposits to and withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers’ rights and liabilities arising from the use of automated teller machines and other electronic banking services, the Truth in Savings Act requiring depository institutions to disclose the terms of deposit accounts to consumers, the Expedited Funds Availability Act requiring financial institutions to make deposited funds available according to specified time schedules and to disclose funds availability policies to consumers, and the Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act (“Check 21”), designed to foster innovation in the payments system and to enhance its efficiency by reducing some of the legal impediments to check truncation. Check 21 created a new negotiable instrument called a substitute check and permits but does not require banks to truncate original checks, process check information electronically, and deliver substitute checks to banks that wish to continue receiving paper checks.

 

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State Regulation

The Company and the Bank are subject to examination and regulation by the Arkansas State Bank Department. Examinations of the Bank are typically conducted annually but may be extended to 24 months if an interim examination is performed by the FDIC. The Arkansas State Bank Department may also make at any time an examination of the Company as may be necessary to disclose fully the relations between the Company and the Bank and the effect of those relations. Additionally, because the Company owns an Arkansas state-chartered bank, the Company is also required to submit certain reports filed with the FRB to the Arkansas State Bank Department.

Regarding usury, the Arkansas Constitution provides, in summary, that “consumer loans and credit sales” have a maximum percentage limitation of 17% per annum and that all “general loans” have a maximum interest rate limitation of 5% over the Federal Reserve Discount Rate in effect at the time the loan was made. The Arkansas Supreme Court has determined that “consumer loans and credit sales” are also “general loans” subject to the interest rate limitation discussed above. Despite such limitations, Arkansas usury laws have historically been preempted by federal law with respect to first lien residential real estate loans and certain loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration. Furthermore, the GLBA preempted the application of the Arkansas Constitution’s usury limits to the Bank effective November 12, 1999. In a non-adversarial test case involving undisputed facts, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the District Court’s ruling that the preemptive provisions of the GLBA are constitutional. Although the constitutionality of the preemption provision could be raised again in the future, the Bank currently may charge interest at rates over and above the limitations set forth in the Arkansas Constitution.

Under the Arkansas Banking Code of 1997, the acquisition by the Company of more than 25% of any class of the outstanding capital stock of any bank located in Arkansas would require the Arkansas Bank Commissioner’s approval. Further, no bank holding company may acquire any bank if after such acquisition the holding company would control, directly or indirectly, banks having 25% of the total bank deposits (excluding deposits from other banks and public funds) in the State of Arkansas. In addition, a bank holding company cannot own more than one bank subsidiary if any of its bank subsidiaries has been chartered for less than five years.

Since January 1, 1999 Arkansas law allows the Company to engage in branching activities for its bank subsidiary on a statewide basis. Immediately prior to that date, the state’s branching laws prevented state and national banks from opening branches in any county of the state other than their home county and the counties contiguous to their home county. Because the state branching laws did not limit the branching activities of federal savings banks, the Company was able to branch outside of the traditional areas of its state bank subsidiaries through the federal thrift that it acquired in February 1998. In response to the change in state branching laws, the Company merged its thrift charter into its lead state bank subsidiary in early 1999.

Bank Subsidiary

The lending and investment authority of the Bank is derived from Arkansas law. The lending power is generally subject to certain restrictions, including the amount which may be lent to a single borrower.

Regulations of the FDIC and the Arkansas State Bank Department limit the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to the Company without the prior approval of such agencies. FDIC regulations prevent insured state banks from paying any dividends from capital and allow the payment of dividends only from net profits then on hand after deduction for losses and bad debts. The Arkansas State Bank Department currently limits the amount of dividends that the Bank can pay the Company to 75% of the Bank’s net profits after taxes for the current year plus 75% of its retained net profits after taxes for the immediately preceding year.

Federal law substantially restricts transactions between financial institutions and their affiliates, particularly their non-financial institution affiliates. As a result, the Bank is sharply limited in making extensions of credit to the Company or any non-bank subsidiary, in investing in the stock or other securities of the Company or any non-bank subsidiary, in buying the assets of, or selling assets to, the Company and/or in taking such stock or securities as collateral for loans to any borrower. Moreover, transactions between the Bank and the Company (or any non-bank subsidiary) must generally be on terms and under circumstances at least as favorable to the Bank as those prevailing in comparable transactions with independent third parties or, in the absence of comparable transactions, on terms and under circumstances that in good faith would be available to non-affiliated companies.

 

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The federal banking laws require all insured banks to maintain reserves against their checking and transaction accounts (primarily checking accounts, NOW and Super NOW checking accounts). Because reserves must generally be maintained in cash or in non-interest bearing accounts, the effect of the reserve requirements is to increase the Bank’s cost of funds. Arkansas law requires state chartered banks to maintain such reserves as are required by the applicable federal regulatory agency.

The Bank is subject to Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act, which places limits on the amount of loans or extensions of credit to, or investments in, or certain other transactions with, affiliates, including the Company. In addition, limits are placed on the amount of advances to third parties collateralized by the securities or obligations of affiliates. Most of these loans and certain other transactions must be secured in prescribed amounts. The Bank is also subject to Section 23B of the Federal Reserve Act, which prohibits an institution from engaging in transactions with certain affiliates unless the transactions are on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable to such institution or its subsidiaries, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with non-affiliated companies. The Bank is subject to restrictions on extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, certain principal shareholders, and their related interests. These extensions of credit (1) must be made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with third parties and (2) must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features.

Proposed Legislation For Bank Holding Companies And Banks

In addition to ongoing evaluation of capital adequacy guidelines, certain proposals affecting the banking industry have been discussed from time to time. Such proposals include, but are not limited to, the following: regulation of all insured depository institutions by a single regulator; limitations on the number of accounts protected by the federal deposit insurance funds and further modification of the coverage limit on deposits. During 2008 and into 2009, federal and state legislatures and regulators generated a number of bills, proposed rules, and policy statements addressing the extension of credit to borrowers with lower credit scores, regulation of mortgage market makers such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, regulation of the twelve regional Federal Home Loan Banks, and enhancement of market liquidity facilities. Additional proposals are currently being considered to revise TILA disclosures, the freezing of interest rates or other modifications of certain types of loans and mortgages. It is uncertain which, if any, of the proposals discussed above may become law and what effect they would have on the Company and the Bank.

Available Information

The Company makes available, free of charge, through the Investor Relations section of its Internet website at www.bankozarks.com, its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company electronically files such reports with or furnishes them to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Also the Company’s Corporate Governance Principles, Corporate Code of Ethics, Audit Committee Charter, Information Systems Steering Committee Charter, Personnel and Compensation Committee Charter, Nominating and Governance Committee Charter, Loan Committee Charter, Trust Committee Charter and ALCO and Investments Committee Charter are available under the Investor Relations section on its website.

Forward-Looking Information

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations incorporated by reference herein, other filings made by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission and other oral and written statements or reports by the Company and its management, include certain forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements about economic, housing market, competitive and interest rate conditions, plans, goals, beliefs, expectations and outlook for revenue growth, net income and earnings per common share, net interest margin, including the goal of maintaining or improving net interest margin, net interest income, non-interest income, including service charges on deposit accounts, mortgage lending and trust income, gains (losses) on investment securities and sales of other assets, non-interest expense, including the cost of opening new offices, achieving positive operating leverage by growing revenue at a faster rate than non-interest expense, efficiency ratio, anticipated future operating results and financial performance, asset quality, including the effects of current economic and housing market conditions, nonperforming loans and leases, nonperforming assets, net charge-offs, past due loans and leases, interest rate sensitivity, including the effects of possible interest rate changes, future growth and expansion opportunities, including plans for opening new offices, opportunities and goals for future market share growth, expected capital expenditures, loan, lease

 

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and deposit growth, changes in the volume, yield and value of the Company’s investment securities portfolio, availability of unused borrowings and other similar forecasts and statements of expectation. Words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “look,” “seek,” “may,” “will,” “trend,” “target,” “goal,” and similar expressions, as they relate to the Company or its management, identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements made by the Company and its management are based on estimates, projections, beliefs, plans and assumptions of management at the time of such statements and are not guarantees of future performance. The Company disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement based on the occurrence of future events, the receipt of new information or otherwise.

Actual future performance, outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements made by the Company and its management due to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Certain factors that may affect operating results of the Company include, but are not limited to, potential delays or other problems in implementing the Company’s growth and expansion strategy including delays in identifying satisfactory sites, hiring qualified personnel, obtaining regulatory or other approvals, obtaining permits and designing, constructing and opening new offices; the ability to attract new deposits, loans and leases; the ability to generate future revenue growth or to control future growth in non-interest expense; interest rate fluctuations, including continued interest rate changes and/or changes in the yield curve between short-term and long-term interest rates; competitive factors and pricing pressures, including their effect on the Company’s net interest margin; general economic, unemployment, credit market and housing market conditions, including their effect on the credit worthiness of borrowers and lessees, collateral values and the value of investment securities; changes in legal and regulatory requirements; recently enacted and potential legislation including legislation intended to stabilize economic conditions and credit markets and legislation intended to protect homeowners; adoption of new accounting standards or changes in existing standards; and adverse results in future litigation as well as other factors described in this and other Company reports and statements. Should one or more of the foregoing risks materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results or outcomes may vary materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

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Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

An investment in shares of the Company’s common stock involves certain risks. The following risks and other information in this report or incorporated in this report by reference, including the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” should be carefully considered in the evaluation of the Company before investing in shares of its common stock. These risks may adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Many of these risks are out of the Company’s direct control, though efforts are made to manage those risks while optimizing financial results. These risks are not the only ones facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties that management is not aware of or focused on or that management currently deems immaterial may also adversely affect the Company’s business and operation. This report is qualified in its entirety by all these risk factors.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS

Our Profitability is Dependent on Our Banking Activities.

Because the Company is a bank holding company, its profitability is directly attributable to the success of the Bank. The Company’s banking activities compete with other banking institutions on the basis of service, convenience and price. Due in part to both regulatory changes and consumer demands, banks have experienced increased competition from other financial entities offering similar products and services. The Company relies on the profitability of the Bank and dividends received from the Bank for payment of its operating expenses, satisfaction of its obligations and payment of dividends. As is the case with other similarly situated financial institutions, the profitability of the Bank, and therefore the Company, will be subject to the fluctuating cost and availability of funds, changes in the prime lending rate and other interest rates, changes in economic conditions in general and, because of the location of its banking offices, changes in economic conditions in Arkansas, Texas and North Carolina in particular.

We Depend on Key Personnel for Our Success.

The Company’s operating results and ability to adequately manage its growth and minimize loan and lease losses are highly dependent on the services, managerial abilities and performance of its current executive officers and other key personnel. The Company has an experienced management team that the Board of Directors believes is capable of managing and growing the Bank. The Company does not have employment agreements with most of its executive officers and key personnel. Losses of or changes in its current executive officers or other key personnel and their responsibilities may disrupt the Company’s business and could adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in retaining its current executive officers or other key personnel.

Additionally, the Company’s ability to retain its current executive officers and other key personnel may be further impacted by existing and proposed legislation and regulations affecting the financial services industry. For example, as a result of the Company’s participation in the CPP, the restrictions and standards relating to executive compensation set forth in EESA subject to regulations promulgated by the Treasury, are applicable to the Company. These restrictions were significantly expanded by amendments to EESA set forth in the Recovery Act. Such restrictions and standards may negatively impact the Company’s ability to retain its current executive officers and other key personnel or otherwise impact its ability to attract and hire such personnel as the Company may be at a competitivie disadvantage regarding payment of compensation, including particularly incentive compensation compared to other financial institutions that are not participants in CPP and accordingly are not subject to the same restrictions and standards imposed under the Recovery Act.

Our Operations are Significantly Affected by Interest Rate Levels.

The Company’s profitability is dependent to a large extent on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income earned on loans, leases and investment securities and interest expense paid on deposits, other borrowings and subordinated debentures. The Company is affected by changes in general interest rate levels and changes in the differential between short-term and long-term interest rates, both of which are beyond its control. Interest rate risk can result from mismatches between the dollar amount of repricing or maturing assets and liabilities, as well as from mismatches in the timing and rate at which assets and liabilities reprice. Although the Company has implemented strategies it believes will

 

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reduce the potential effects of changes in interest rates on its results of operations, these strategies may not always be successful. In addition, any substantial, unexpected or prolonged change in market interest rates could adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

The Fiscal and Monetary Policies of the Federal Government and its Agencies Could Have a Material Adverse Effect on Our Earnings.

The FRB regulates the supply of money and credit in the United States. Its policies determine in large part the cost of funds for lending and investing and the return earned on those loans and investments, both of which affect the net interest margin. Changes in the supply of money and credit can also materially decrease the value of financial assets held by the Company, such as debt securities. The FRB’s policies can also adversely affect borrowers, potentially increasing the risk that they may fail to repay their loans. Changes in such policies are beyond the Company’s control and difficult to predict; consequently, the impact of these changes on the Company’s activities and results of operations is difficult to predict.

Our Business Depends on the Condition of the Local and Regional Economies Where We Operate.

A majority of the Company’s business is located in Arkansas. As a result the Company’s financial condition and results of operations may be significantly impacted by changes in the Arkansas economy. The current slowdown in economic activity, deterioration in housing markets and an increase in unemployment or further deterioration in such conditions in Arkansas may have a significant and disproportionate impact on consumer confidence and the demand for the Company’s products and services, result in an increase in non-payment of loans and leases and a decrease in collateral value, and significantly impact the Company’s deposit funding sources. Any of these events could have an adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and liquidity. Additionally, given the Company’s increasing presence in Texas and, to a lesser extent, North Carolina, the current slowdown in economic activity, deterioration in housing markets and an increase in unemployment or further deterioration in such conditions in Texas or North Carolina could also adversly impact the Company.

Our Business May Suffer if There are Significant Declines in the Value of Real Estate.

The market value of real estate can fluctuate significantly in a short period of time as a result of market conditions in the geographic area in which the real estate is located. There continues to be a slowdown in economic activity, deterioration in and housing markets and an increase in unemployment in many of the Company’s markets, resulting in declining prices and excess inventories of houses to be sold in these markets. If the value of the real estate serving as collateral for the Company’s loan and lease portfolio were to decline materially, a significant part of its loan portfolio could become under-collateralized. If the loans that are collateralized by real estate become troubled during a time when market conditions are declining or have declined, the Company may not be able to realize the amount of security anticipated at the time of originating the loan, which in turn could have an adverse effect on the Company’s provision for loan and lease losses and its financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

We are Subject to Environmental Liability Risk Associated With Lending Activities.

A significant portion of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio is secured by real property. During the ordinary course of business, the Company may foreclose on and take title to real properties securing certain loans. In doing so, there is a risk that hazardous or toxic substances could be found on these properties. If hazardous or toxic substances are found, the Company may be liable for remediation costs, as well as for personal injury and property damage. Environmental laws may require the Company to incur substantial expenses and may materially reduce the affected property’s value or limit the Company’s ability to use or sell the affected property. In addition, future laws or more stringent interpretations or enforcement policies with respect to existing laws may increase the Company’s exposure to environmental liability. The Company has policies and procedures that require either formal or informal evaluation of environmental risks and liabilities on real property before initiating any loan or foreclosure action, except for (i) loans originated for sale in the secondary market secured by 1-4 family residential properties and (ii) certain loans where the real estate collateral is second lien collateral. These policies, procedures and evaluations may not be sufficient to detect all potential environmental hazards. The remediation costs and any other financial liabilities associated with an environmental hazard could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

 

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If We Do Not Properly Manage Our Credit Risk, Our Business Could Be Seriously Harmed.

There are substantial risks inherent in making any loan or lease, including –

 

   

risks resulting from changes in economic and industry conditions;

 

   

risks inherent in dealing with individual borrowers;

 

   

risks resulting from uncertainties as to the future value of collateral; and

 

   

the risk of non-payment of loans and leases.

Although the Company attempts to minimize its credit risk through prudent loan and lease underwriting procedures and by monitoring concentrations of its loans and leases, there can be no assurance that these underwriting and monitoring procedures will reduce these risks. Moreover, as the Company continues to expand into relatively new markets, credit administration and loan and lease underwriting policies and procedures may need to be adapted to local conditions. The inability of the Company to properly manage its credit risk or appropriately adapt its credit administration and loan and lease underwriting policies and procedures to local market conditions or changing economic circumstances could have an adverse impact on its provision for loan and lease losses and its financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

We Make and Hold in Our Loan and Lease Portfolio a Significant Number of Construction/Land Development and Other Real Estate Loans.

The Company’s loan and lease portfolio is comprised of a significant amount of real estate loans, including a large number of construction/land development loans. The Company’s real estate loans comprised 82.5% of its total loans and leases at December 31, 2008. In addition the Company’s construction/land development loans, which are a subset of its real estate loans, comprised 34.4% of the Company’s total loan and lease portfolio at December 31, 2008. Real estate loans, including construction/land development loans, pose different risks than do other types of loan and lease categories. The Company believes it has established appropriate underwriting procedures for its real estate loans, including construction/land development loans, and has established appropriate allowances to cover the credit risk associated with such loans. However, there can be no assurance that such underwriting procedures are, or will continue to be, appropriate or that losses on real estate loans, including construction/land development loans, will require additions to its allowance for loan and lease losses, and will have an adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

We Could Experience Deficiencies in Our Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.

The Company maintains an allowance for loan and lease losses, established through a provision for possible loan and lease losses charged to expense, that represents the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the existing loan and lease portfolio. Although the Company believes that it maintains its allowance for loan and lease losses at a level adequate to absorb losses in its loan and lease portfolio, estimates of loan and lease losses are subjective and their accuracy may depend on the outcome of future events. Experience in the banking industry indicates that some portion of the Company’s loans and leases may only be partially repaid or may never be repaid at all. Loan and lease losses occur for many reasons beyond the control of the Company. Accordingly, the Company may be required to make significant and unanticipated increases in the allowance for loan and lease losses during future periods which could materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and liquidity. Additionally, bank regulatory authorities, as an integral part of their supervisory functions, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses. These regulatory authorities may require adjustments to the allowance for loan and lease losses or may require recognition of additional loan and lease losses or charge-offs based upon their judgment. Any change in the allowance for loan and lease losses or charge-offs required by bank regulatory authorities could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

The Performance of Our Investment Securities Portfolio is Subject to Fluctuation Due to Changes in Interest Rates and Market Conditions.

Changes in interest rates can negatively affect the performance of most of the Company’s investment securities. Interest rate volatility can reduce unrealized gains or create unrealized losses in the Company’s portfolio. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors including monetary policies, domestic and international economic and political issues, and other factors beyond the Company’s control. Fluctuations in interest rates can materially affect both the returns on and market value of the Company’s investment securities.

 

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Additionally, actual investment income and cash flows from investment securities that carry prepayment risk, such as mortgage-backed securities and callable securities, may materially differ from those anticipated at the time of investment or subsequently as a result of changes in interest rates and market conditions.

Our Recent Results May Not Be Indicative of Our Future Results.

The Company may not be able to sustain its historical rate of growth or even grow its business at all. Additionally, in the future the Company may not have the benefit of several factors that have been favorable to the Company’s business in past years, such as an interest rate environment where changes in rates occur at a relatively orderly and modest pace, strong residential and commercial construction in many of its markets, the ability to find suitable expansion opportunities, or generally favorable economic conditions. Various factors, such as weakening or deteriorating economic conditions, regulatory and legislative considerations, and competition may impede or restrict the Company’s ability to expand its market presence or adversely impact its future results.

Our FDIC Deposit Insurance Premiums Will Continue to Increase.

The FDIC has announced a significant increase in the premiums charged for FDIC deposit insurance protection, along with a one-time 20 basis point emergency special industry-wide assessment effective June 30, 2009, to be collected on September 30, 2009. The FDIC also has the ability to pose additional emergency assessments of up to 10 basis points after June 30, 2009. Although, as discussed in the Supervision and Regulation section of this Form 10-K, legislation has been introduced in Congress to enable the FDIC to lower the proposed special assessment, the outcome of this legislation is currently undetermined The Company has historically paid the lowest applicable premium rate under the FDIC’s deposit insurance premium rate structure due to the Company’s sound financial position. The FDIC announced deposit insurance premiums for 2009 are expected to more than double and, should bank failures continue to increase, such premiums may escalate further. These increased FDIC premiums will have an adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations.

To Successfully Implement Our Growth and De Novo Branching Strategy, We Must Expand Our Operations in Both New and Existing Markets.

The Company intends to continue the expansion and development of its business by pursuing its growth and de novo branching strategy. Accordingly, the Company’s growth prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by banking companies pursuing growth strategies. In order to successfully execute its growth and de novo branching strategy, the Company must, among other things:

 

   

identify and expand into suitable markets;

 

   

obtain regulatory and other approvals;

 

   

build a substantial customer base;

 

   

maintain credit quality;

 

   

attract sufficient deposits to fund anticipated loan and lease growth;

 

   

attract and retain qualified bank management and staff;

 

   

identify and acquire suitable sites for new banking offices; and

 

   

maintain adequate regulatory capital.

In addition to the foregoing factors, there are considerable costs involved in opening banking offices, and such new offices generally do not generate sufficient revenues to offset their costs until they have been in operation for some time. Therefore, any new banking offices the Company opens can be expected to negatively affect its operating results until those offices reach a size at which they become profitable. The Company could also experience an increase in expenses if it encounters delays in opening any new banking offices. Moreover, the Company cannot give any assurances that any new banking offices it opens will be successful, even after they have become established. If the Company does not manage its growth effectively and continue to successfully implement its de novo branching strategy, the Company’s business, future prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

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Volatility and Disruptions in the Functioning of the Financial Markets and Related Liquidity Issues Could Continue or Worsen.

The U.S. and global financial markets have experienced significant volatility and disruption in recent months. The impact of this financial crisis, together with ongoing public concerns regarding the strength of financial institutions, has led to both significant distress in financial markets and issues relating to liquidity among financial institutions. As a result of concerns about the stability of the financial markets generally, the constriction in credit, the lack of public confidence in the financial sector, and the ongoing recession, including the reduced business activity, the Company can give no assurance that such circumstances will not have an adverse effect, which could be material, on its financial condition, results of operation and liquidity.

We Face Strong Competition in Our Markets.

Competition in many of the Company’s banking markets is intense. The Company competes with other financial and bank holding companies, state and national commercial banks, savings and loan associations, consumer finance companies, credit unions, securities brokerages, insurance companies, mortgage banking companies, leasing companies, money market mutual funds, asset-based non-bank lenders and other financial institutions and intermediaries. Many of these competitors have an advantage over the Company through substantially greater financial resources, lending limits and larger branch networks, and are able to offer a broader range of products and services. Other competitors, many of which are smaller than the Company, are privately held and thus benefit from greater flexibility in adopting or modifying growth or operational strategies than the Company. If the Company fails to compete effectively for deposit, loan, lease and other banking customers in the Company’s markets, the Company could lose substantial market share, suffer a slower growth rate or no growth and its financial condition, results of operations and liquidity could be adversely affected.

The Soundness of Other Financial Institutions Could Adversely Affect Us.

The Company’s ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and financial stability of other financial institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty or other relationships. The Company has exposure to various counterparties, including brokers and dealers, commercial and correspondent banks, and others. As a result, defaults by, or rumors or questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial services industry generally, may lead to further market-wide liquidity problems and could lead to losses or defaults by such other institutions. Such occurrences could expose the Company to credit risk in the event of default of its counterparty and could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

We Depend on the Accuracy and Completeness of Information About Customers.

In deciding whether to extend credit or enter into certain transactions, the Company may rely on information furnished by or on behalf of customers, including financial statements, credit reports and other financial information. The Company may also rely on representations of those customers or other third parties, such as independent auditors, as to the accuracy and completeness of that information. Reliance on inaccurate or misleading financial statements, credit reports or other financial information could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our Internal Operations are Subject to a Number of Risks.

The Company’s internal operations are subject to certain risks, including, but not limited to, data processing system failures and errors, customer or employee fraud and catastrophic failures resulting from terrorist acts or natural disasters. The Company maintains a system of internal controls to mitigate the risks of many of these occurrences and maintains insurance coverage for certain risks. However, should an event occur that is not prevented or detected by the Company’s internal controls, and is uninsured or in excess of applicable insurance limits, it could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

The financial services industry is undergoing rapid technological changes, with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. The future success of the Company will depend, in part, upon its ability to address the needs of its customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands for convenience, as well as to create additional operational efficiencies. Many of the Company’s competitors have substantially

 

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greater resources to invest in technological improvements. The Company may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products and services to its customers. Failure to successfully keep pace with technological change affecting the financial services industry could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

The computer systems and network infrastructure in use by the Company could be vulnerable to unforeseen problems. The Company’s operations are dependent upon the ability to protect its computer equipment against damage from fire, severe storm, power loss, telecommunications failure or a similar catastrophic event. Any damage or failure of the Company’s computer systems or network infrastructure that causes an interruption in operations could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. In addition, the Company’s operations are dependent upon its ability to protect the computer systems and network infrastructure against damage from physical break-ins, security breaches and other disruptive problems caused by Internet users or other users. Computer break-ins and other disruptions could jeopardize the security of information stored in and transmitted through the Company’s computer systems and network, which may result in significant liability to the Company, as well as deter potential customers. Although the Company, with the help of third-party service providers, intends to continue to actively monitor and, where necessary, implement security technology and develop additional operational procedures to prevent damage or unauthorized access to its computer systems and network, there can be no assurance that these security measures or operational procedures will be successful. In addition, new developments or advances in computer capabilities or new discoveries in the field of cryptography could enable hackers to compromise or breach the security measures used by the Company to protect customer data. The Company’s failure to maintain adequate security over its customers’ personal and transactional information could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

We May Need to Raise Additional Capital in the Future to Continue to Grow, But That Capital May Not Be Available When Needed.

Federal and state bank regulators require the Company and the Bank to maintain adequate levels of capital to support operations. On December 31, 2008, the Company’s and the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios were at “well-capitalized” levels under bank regulatory guidelines. However, the Company’s business strategy calls for the Company to continue to grow in its existing banking markets (internally and through opening additional offices) and to expand into new markets as appropriate opportunities arise. Growth in assets resulting from internal expansion and new banking offices at rates in excess of the rate at which the Company’s capital is increased through retained earnings will reduce both the Company’s and the Bank’s capital ratios unless the Company and the Bank continue to increase capital. If the Company’s or the Bank’s capital ratios fell below “well-capitalized” levels, the FDIC deposit insurance assessment rate would increase until capital is restored and maintained at a “well-capitalized” level. Additionally, should the Company’s or Bank’s capital ratios fall below “well-capitalized”, certain funding sources could become more costly or could cease to be available to the Company until such time as capital is restored and maintained at a “well-capitalized” level. A higher assessment rate resulting in an increase in FDIC deposit insurance assessments, increased cost of funding or loss of funding sources could have an adverse affect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

If, in the future, the Company needs to increase its capital to fund additional growth or satisfy regulatory requirements, its ability to raise that additional capital will depend on the Company’s financial performance and on conditions at that time in the capital markets that are outside the Company’s control. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to raise additional capital on terms favorable to it or at all. If the Company cannot raise additional capital when needed, the Company’s ability to expand its operations through internal growth or to continue operations could be impaired.

Natural Disaters May Adverserly Affect Us.

The Company’s operations and customer base are located in markets where natural disasters, including tornadoes, severe storms, fires and floods often occur. Such natural disasters could significantly impact the local population and economies, and the Company’s business and could pose physical risks to the Company’s properties. Although the Company’s business is geographically dispersed throughout Arkansas and in portions of Texas and North Carolina, a significant natural disaster in or near one or more of the Company’s principal markets could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

 

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RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR INDUSTRY

We are Subject to Extensive Government Regulation That Limits or Restricts Our Activities and Could Adversely Impact Our Operations.

The Company and the Bank operate in a highly regulated industry and are subject to examination, supervision and comprehensive regulation by various federal and state agencies. Compliance with these regulations is costly and restricts certain activities, including payment of dividends, mergers and acquisitions, investments, interest rates charged for loans and leases, interest rates paid on deposits, locations of banking offices and various other activities and aspects of the Company’s and Bank’s operations. The Company and the Bank are also subject to capital guidelines established by regulators which require maintenance of adequate capital. Many of these regulations are intended to protect depositors, the public and the FDIC’s DIF rather than shareholders.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations issued by the SEC and the Nasdaq Stock Market have increased the scope, complexity and cost of corporate governance, reporting and disclosure practices, including the costs of completing the Company’s external audit and maintaining its internal controls.

Government regulation greatly affects the business and financial results of all commercial banks and bank holding companies, and increases the cost to the Company of complying with regulatory requirements. Additionally, the failure to comply with these various rules and regulations could subject the Company or the Bank to monetary penalties or sanctions or otherwise expose the Company or Bank to reputational risk and could adversely affect its results of operations.

Newly Enacted and Proposed Legislation and Regulations May Affect Our Operations and Growth.

To address the continuing turulence in the U.S. economy and the banking and financial markets, the U.S. government has recently enacted a series of laws, regulations, guidelines and programs. These regulatory measures include, among others, the following:

 

   

EESA enacted on October 3, 2008 which included the TARP and the CPP.

 

   

The FDIC announcement on October 14, 2008 of the development and implementation of its TLGP, which is comprised of the Debt Guarantee Program and the Transaction Account Guarantee Program.

 

   

The Recovery Act signed into law on February 17, 2009, which amended Section 111 of the EESA in its entirety and significantly expanded executive compensation restrictions.

 

   

The FDIC announcement on February 27, 2009 of a significantly increased DIF assessment structure on banks in the U.S. generally, together with a proposed 20 basis point one-time emergency assessment and the ability to impose additional emergency assessments of up to 10 basis points to restore the DIF.

Because of the recency and speed with which these and other regulatory measures have been enacted, the Company and the Bank are continuing to assess the impact of such on their business, financial condition, results of operation and liquidity. At this time, the Company and the Bank believe that it is impossible to fully assess the impact that such changes might have on them.

Additionally, and in the routine course of regulatory oversight, proposals to change the laws and regulations governing the operations and taxation of, and federal deposit insurance premiums paid by, banks and other financial institutions and companies that control financial institutions are frequently raised in the U.S. Congress, state legislatures and before bank regulatory authorities.

The likelihood of any significant additional changes in laws and regulations in the future and the impact that such changes might have on the Company or the Bank are impossible to determine. Similarly, proposals to change the accounting and financial reporting requirements applicable to banks and other depository institutions are frequently raised by the SEC, the federal banking agencies, the Internal Revenue Service and other authorities. Further, federal intervention in fiancial markets and the commensurate impact on financial institutions may adversely affect the Company’s or Bank’s rights under contracts with such other institutions and the way in which the Company conducts business in certain markets. The likelihood and impact of any future changes in these accounting and financial reporting requirements and the impact these changes might have on the Company or the Bank are also impossible to determine at this time.

 

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There Can Be No Assurance that Enacted Legislation or Any Proposed Federal Programs Will Stabilize the U.S. Financial System and Such Legislation and Programs May Adversely Affect Us.

Several federal acts, programs and guidelines, including, but not limited to, EESA, ARRA, TARP, the CPP, TLGP, the Financial Stability Plan and MHA have been either signed into law or promulgated by the Treasury or the FDIC and similar additional laws, regulations and guidance are anticipated. There can be no assurance, however, as to the actual impact that these acts, programs and guidelines or any other governmental program will have on the financial markets. The failure of the U.S. Government to stabilize the financial markets and a continuation or worsening of current financial market conditions could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, and access to credit or the trading price of its common stock.

The Earnings of Financial Services Companies are Significantly Affected by General Business and Economic Conditions.

The Company’s operations and profitability are impacted by general business and economic conditions in the United States and abroad. These conditions include short-term and long-term interest rates, inflation, money supply, political issues, legislative and regulatory changes, fluctuations in both debt and equity capital markets, broad trends in industry and finance and the strength of the U.S. economy and the local economies in which the Company operates, all of which are beyond its control. Deterioration in economic conditions could result in an increase in loan and lease delinquencies and non-performing assets, decreases in loan and lease collateral values and a decrease in demand for products and services, among other things, any of which could have an adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

Consumers May Decide Not to Use Banks to Complete their Financial Transactions.

Technology and other changes are allowing parties to complete, through alternative methods, financial transactions that historically have involved banks. For example, consumers can now maintain funds that would have historically been held as bank deposits in brokerage accounts or mutual funds. Consumers can also complete transactions such as paying bills and/or transferring funds directly without the assistance of banks. The process of eliminating banks as intermediaries could result in the loss of fee income, as well as the loss of customer deposits and the related income generated from those deposits. The loss of these revenue streams and the lower-cost deposits as a source of funds could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR COMMON STOCK

Our Common Stock Price is Affected by a Variety of Factors, Many of Which are Outside Our Control. 

Stock price volatility may make it more difficult for investors to resell shares of the Company’s common stock at times and prices they find attractive. The Company’s common stock price can fluctuate significantly in response to a variety of factors, including, among other things:

 

   

actual or anticipated variations in quarterly results of operations;

 

   

recommendations or changes in recommendations by securities analysts;

 

   

operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to the Company;

 

   

news reports relating to trends, concerns and other issues in the financial services industry;

 

   

perceptions in the marketplace regarding the Company and/or its competitors;

 

   

new technology used, or services offered, by competitors;

 

   

significant acquisitions or business combinations, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, or capital commitments by or involving the Company or its competitors; and

 

   

changes in governmental regulations.

General market fluctuations, industry factors and general economic and political conditions and events such as economic slowdowns, interest rate changes, credit loss trends and various other factors and events could adversely impact the price of the Company’s common stock.

 

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We Cannot Guarantee That We Will Pay Dividends to Common Shareholders in the Future.

The Company’s principal business operations are conducted through its subsidiary bank. Cash available to pay dividends to the Company’s common shareholders is derived primarily, if not entirely, from dividends paid by the Bank. The ability of the Bank to pay dividends, as well as the Company’s ability to pay dividends to its common shareholders, will continue to be subject to and limited by the results of operations of the Bank and by certain legal and regulatory restrictions. Further, any lenders making loans to the Company or Bank may impose financial covenants that may be more restrictive than regulatory requirements with respect to the Company’s payment of dividends to common shareholders. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company will continue to pay dividends to its common shareholders in the future.

Also, in connection with the Company’s participation in the CPP, the Company will not be able to increase its quarterly common stock dividend above $0.13 per share without Treasury’s consent until (i) December 13, 2011 or (ii) the Series A Preferred Stock has been redeemed or transferred by Treasury.

Certain State and/or Federal Laws May Deter Potential Acquirors and May Depress Our Stock Price.

Certain provisions of federal and state laws may have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire, control of the Company. Under certain federal and state laws, a person, entity, or group must give notice to applicable regulatory authorities before acquiring a significant amount, as defined by such laws, of the outstanding voting stock of a bank holding company, including the Company’s common shares. Regulatory authorities review the potential acquisition to determine if it will result in a change of control. The applicable regulatory authorities will then act on the notice, taking into account the resources of the potential acquiror, the potential antitrust effects of the proposed acquisition and numerous other factors. As a result, these statutory provisions may delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a shareholder might consider to be in such shareholder’s best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by shareholders.

The Holders of Our Subordinated Debentures Have Rights That are Senior to Those of Our Common Shareholders.

At December 31, 2008 the Company had an aggregate of $64.9 million of floating rate subordinated debentures and related trust preferred securities outstanding. The Company guarantees payment of the principal and interest on the trust preferred securities, and the subordinated debentures are senior to shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result, the Company must make payments on the subordinated debentures (and the related trust preferred securities) before any dividends can be paid on its common stock and, in the event of bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation, the holders of the subordinated debentures must be satisfied before any distributions can be made to the holders of common stock. The Company has the right to defer distributions on its subordinated debentures and the related trust preferred securities for up to five years, during which time no dividends may be paid to holders of its common stock.

The Holders of Our Series A Preferred Stock Have Rights That are Senior to Those of Our Common Shareholders.

At December 31, 2008 the Company had 75,000 shares of $1,000 per share liquidation value, or $75 million of aggregate liquidation value, Series A Preferred Stock outstanding as a result of its participation in the CPP of the EESA. The Series A Preferred Stock pays a cumulative quarterly dividend at a rate of 5% per annum for the first five years and 9% thereafter, and is preferential to shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result, the Company must pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock before any dividends can be paid on its common stock and, in the event of bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation, the holders of the Series A Prefered Stock must be satisfied before any distribution can be made to the holders of common stock. In addition, if the Company fails to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock for six quarters, whether or not consecutive, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock have the right to elect two directors to the Company’s board of directors until such time as the dividends have been brought current.

Sales or Other Dilution of Our Equity May Adversely Affect the Market Price of Our Common Stock.

In connection with its participation in the CPP, the Company issued its Series A Preferred Stock and a warrant representing the right to purchase the Company’s common stock to Treasury. These securities are transferable by Treasury to third persons at any time. The Company has also registered these securities with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933 to enhance their transferability by Treasury. The market price of the Company’s common stock could decline as a result of

 

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sales of a large number of shares of common stock acquired upon exercise of the warrant in the market, or upon the concerns regarding the “overhang” on the Company’s common stock of the outstanding warrant. If the warrant is exercised, the issuance of additional common stock would also dilute the ownership interest of the Company’s existing shareholders.

Our Directors and Executive Officers Own a Significant Portion of Our Stock.

The Company’s directors and executive officers, as a group, beneficially owned 23.6% of its common stock as of February 2, 2009. As a result of their beneficial ownership, directors and executive officers have the ability, by voting their shares in concert, to significantly influence the outcome of matters submitted to the Company’s shareholders for approval, including the election of its directors.

Our Common Stock Trading Volume May Not Provide Adequate Liquidity for Investors.

Although shares of the Company’s common stock are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the average daily trading volume in the common stock is less than that of many larger financial services companies. A public trading market having the desired characteristics of depth, liquidity and orderliness depends on the presence in the marketplace of a sufficient number of willing buyers and sellers of the common stock at any given time. This presence depends on the individual decisions of investors and general economic and market conditions over which the Company has no control. Given the daily average trading volume of the Company’s common stock, significant sales of the common stock in a brief period of time, or the expectation of these sales, could cause a decline in the price of the Company’s common stock.

Our Common Stock is Not an Insured Deposit. 

The Company’s common stock is not a bank deposit and, therefore, losses in its value are not insured by the FDIC, any other deposit insurance fund or by any other public or private entity. Investment in the Company’s common stock is inherently risky for the reasons described in this “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this report, and is subject to the same market forces and investment risks that affect the price of common stock in any other company, including the possible loss of some or all principal invested.

 

Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

 

Item 2. PROPERTIES

The Company serves its customers by offering a broad range of banking services throughout northern, western and central Arkansas and in selected Texas markets from the following banking locations:

 

Banking Facility (1)

   Year Opened    Square Footage

Little Rock (Rahling Road)

   2008    89,048

Lewisville, Texas

   2008    4,352

Rogers (New Hope Road)

   2007    9,312

Frisco, Texas (Preston & Lebanon)

   2007    12,023

Fayetteville (Wedington Drive)

   2007    2,784

Hot Springs (Malvern Avenue)

   2007    3,575

Ozark (Porter Hillard Banking Center)

   2006    9,600

Rogers (Pleasant Grove)

   2006    2,784

Frisco, Texas (Lebanon & Tollway)

   2006    3,575

Bella Vista (Sugar Creek Center)

   2006    3,575

Bella Vista (Highlands Lancashire)

   2006    3,575

Fayetteville (Crossover) (2)

   2006    5,176

Hot Springs (Albert Pike)

   2006    2,784

Springdale (Jones Road)

   2006    2,784

Texarkana (Arkansas Blvd.)

   2006    4,352

Texarkana, Texas (Richmond Road)

   2006    3,016

Bentonville (Walton & Dodson)

   2006    9,312

 

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Hot Springs (Central)

   2006   5,176

Rogers (47th & Olive)

   2006   2,784

Texarkana, Texas (Summerhill)

   2005   9,312

Bentonville (Highway 102)

   2005   2,784

Russellville (West)

   2005   2,784

Benton (Highway 35)

   2005   2,400

Mountain Home (East)

   2005   2,784

North Little Rock (Levy)

   2005   2,400

Mountain Home (Main)

   2005   5,176

Sherwood (3)

   2004   2,400

Little Rock (Rodney Parham & West Markham) (4)

   2004   4,576

Dallas, Texas (Sterling Plaza) (5)

   2004   2,810

North Little Rock (East McCain)

   2004   2,784

Conway (East)

   2004   2,400

Russellville (East)

   2004   2,800

Van Buren (Main)

   2004   2,260

Cabot (South)

   2004   2,800

Conway (Downtown)

   2004   2,400

Benton (Military Road)

   2003   2,784

Fort Smith (Phoenix)

   2003   2,250

Russellville (Main)

   2003   7,644

Little Rock (Taylor Loop & Cantrell)

   2003   2,400

Bryant (Highway 5)

   2003   2,784

Cabot (Main)

   2003   4,400

Conway (Prince & Salem)

   2003   2,464

Hot Springs Village (Cranford’s) (6)

   2002   449

Conway (North)

   2002   4,350

Maumelle

   2002   3,576

Lonoke

   2001   5,731

Little Rock (Otter Creek)

   2001   2,400

Fort Smith (Zero)

   2001   2,784

Yellville

   2000   2,716

Clinton

   1999   2,784

North Little Rock (North Hills) (7)

   1999   4,350

Harrison (Downtown)

   1999   14,000

North Little Rock (Indian Hills) (8)

   1999   1,500

Fort Smith (Rogers)

   1998   22,500

Little Rock (Cantrell)

   1998   2,700

Little Rock (Chenal) (9)

   1998   5,264

Little Rock (Rodney Parham)

   1998   2,500

Little Rock (Chester)

   1998   1,716

Bellefonte

   1997   1,444

Alma

   1997   4,200

Paris

   1997   3,100

Mulberry

   1997   1,875

Harrison (North)

   1996   3,300

Clarksville (Rogers)

   1995   3,300

Van Buren (Pointer Trail)

   1995   2,520

Marshall (10)

   1995 (expanded 2005)   4,120

Clarksville (Main)

   1994   2,520

Ozark (Westside)

   1993   2,520

Western Grove

   1976 (expanded 1991)   2,610

Altus

   1972 (rebuilt 1998)   1,500

Ozark Operation Center (11)

   1985   17,652

Jasper

   1967 (expanded 1984)   4,408

 

(1) Unless otherwise indicated, (i) the Company owns such banking locations and (ii) the locations are in Arkansas.

 

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(2) The Company owns the building and leases the land at this location. The initial lease term is twenty years expiring May 13, 2024 with six renewal options of five years each.

 

(3) The Company owns the building and leases the land at this location. The initial lease term is twenty years expiring January 10, 2024 with four renewal options of five years each.

 

(4) The Company owns the building and leases the land at this location. The initial lease term is twenty years expiring November 1, 2023 with six renewal options of five years each.

 

(5) The Company leases this facility under an initial term of three years beginning July 1, 2004. This lease has been extended through October 31, 2010.

 

(6) The Company leases this facility, with an initial term of five years which expired July 31, 2007, subject to five renewal options of three years each. The Company is currently in the first, three-year renewal option expiring July 31, 2010.

 

(7) The Company owns the building and leases the land at this location. The initial lease term is twenty years expiring May 31, 2019, subject to four renewal options of five years each.

 

(8) The Company leases the building and land at this location with an initial term which expired in November 1999. The Company is currently in the fifth, two-year renewal option expiring November 19, 2009.

 

(9) This building, which previously served as the Company’s corporate headquarters, has 40,000 square feet of which 5,264 are currently used for retail banking operations. The Company intends to lease the remaining portion of this facility.

 

(10) The Company owns the building and leases the land at this location. The initial lease term is thirty years expiring February 28, 2024 with three renewal options of ten years each.

 

(11) This operations center does not include a retail banking office. In addition to the operations center, the Company owns two ancillary facilities located in Ozark, Arkansas. These facilities include a 4,200 square foot operations annex building which was acquired in 2005 and a 5,000 square foot warehouse building which was constructed in 1992.

In addition to the above banking locations, the Company has a loan production office at December 31, 2008. This office is located in Charlotte, North Carolina and is maintained in leased quarters with original lease term of 36 months or less.

In connection with the 2008 opening of the Company’s new headquarters facility, which contains retail banking operations, the Company closed its Little Rock banking office in a nearby Wal-Mart Supercenter, consolidated its Little Rock loan production office into the new headquarters, and relocated certain support staff previously located at other leased quarters into the new headquarters.

While management believes its existing banking locations are adequate for its present operations, the Company expects to continue its growth and de novo branching strategy. During 2009 the Company expects to open two new banking offices and a new operations facility in Ozark, Arkansas. In addition, the Company owns a number of sites for future construction. Construction and development of these sites are expected to be completed in 2010 through 2014.

 

Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company is party to various litigation matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Although the ultimate resolution of these matters cannot be determined at this time, management of the Company does not believe such matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the future results of operations, financial condition or liquidity of the Company.

 

Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

None.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company’s Common Stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “OZRK” and as of February 20, 2009 the Company had 189 holders of record representing approximately 7,908 beneficial owners. The other information required by Item 201 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report under the heading “Summary of Quarterly Results of Operations, Market Prices of Common Stock and Dividends” on page 38, in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information” on page 17, in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report under the heading “Company Performance” on page 39 and in this Form 10-K under the heading “We Cannot Guarantee That We Will Pay Dividends to Common Shareholders in the Future” on page 26, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

There were no sales of the Company’s unregistered securities during the period covered by this report that have not been previously disclosed in the Company’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or its current reports on Form 8-K. The Company disclosed in a Form 8-K filed December 10, 2008 its sale of Series A Preferred Stock, which were unregistered securities at the time, to Treasury. While still held by Treasury, those securities have been subsequently registered with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

There were no purchases of the registrant’s equity securities by, or on behalf of, the Company or any “affiliated purchaser,” as defined in §240.10b-18(a)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The information required by Item 301 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report under the heading “Selected Consolidated Financial Data” on page 9, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The information required by Item 303 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” on pages 10 through 37, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The information required by Item 305 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section of the Company’s 2008 Annual Report under the heading “Interest Rate Risk” on page 30, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The information required by Part 210 of Regulation S-X and by Item 302 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report on pages 43 through 68 and under the heading “Summary of Quarterly Results of Operations, Market Prices of Common Stock and Dividends” on page 38, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

 

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Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

An evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” which are defined under SEC rules as controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within required time periods. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

(b) Internal Control over Financial Reporting.

The information required by Item 308(a) and 308(b) of Regulation S-K regarding management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting and the audit report of the registered public accounting firm are contained in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report on pages 40 and 41, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

The Company’s management, including the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer, have evaluated any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s fourth quarter of its 2008 fiscal year and have concluded that there was no change during the Company’s fourth quarter of its 2008 fiscal year that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

 

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PART III

 

Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K regarding directors is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Nominees for Election as Directors” on pages 2 through 4, which information is incorporated herein by this reference. In accordance with Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K, Instruction 3, information concerning the Company’s executive officers is furnished in a separate item captioned “Executive Officers of Registrant” in Part I above.

The information required by Item 405 of Regulation S-K regarding the Company’s disclosure of any failure of its executive officers and directors to file on a timely basis reports of ownership and subsequent changes of ownership with the Securities and Exchange Commission is contained in its Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” on page 29, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

In accordance with Item 406 of Regulation S-K, the Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to certain Company executives. The code of ethics is posted on the Company’s Internet website at www.bankozarks.com under “Investor Relations.”

There were no material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Company’s board of directors that are required to be reported by Item 407(c)(3) of Regulation S-K.

The information required by Item 407(d)(4) and Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Committees” on pages 5 through 6, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” on pages 16 through 26 and under the heading “Director Compensation” on page 36, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

The information required by Item 407(e)(4) of Regulation S-K is included in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” on page 28, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

The information required by Item 407(e)(5) of Regulation S-K is included in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Compensation Committee Report” on page 26, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information” on page 12, which information is incorporated herein by this reference. The information required by Item 403 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” on page 13 and under the heading “Security Ownership of Management” on page 15, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

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Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by Item 404 of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Certain Transactions” on page 29, which information is incorporated herein by this reference. The information required by Item 407(a) of Regulation S-K is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Nominees for Election as Directors” on pages 2 through 4, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A regarding audit fees, audit committee pre-approval policies, and related information is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting under the heading “Audit Fees; Auditors to be Present” on pages 29 through 30, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.

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PART IV

 

Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

(a) List the following documents filed as a part of this report:

  

(1) The consolidated financial statements of the Registrant.

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.

  

Consolidated Statements of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

  

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

  

(2) Financial Statement Schedules.

  

Summary of Quarterly Results of Operations, Market Prices of Common Stock and Dividends.

  

(3) Exhibits.

  

See Item 15(b) to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

  

(b) Exhibits.

  

The exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K are listed in the Exhibit Index at the end of this Item 15.

  

(c) Financial Statement Schedules.

  

Not applicable.

  

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EXHIBIT INDEX

The following exhibits are filed with this report or are incorporated by reference to previously filed material.

 

Exhibit No.

    
3.1    Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, dated May 22, 1997 (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Commission on May 22, 1997, as amended, Commission File No. 333-27641, and incorporated herein by this reference).
3.2    Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant dated December 9, 2003 (previously filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
3.3    Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc., dated December 10, 2009 (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 10, 2008, and incorporated herein by this reference).
3.4    Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant, dated December 11, 2007 (previously filed as Exhibit 3(ii) to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 11, 2007, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.1    Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, by and among U.S. Bank National Association, as Institutional Trustee, Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. as Sponsor, and George G. Gleason, Mark D. Ross and Paul E. Moore, as Administrators, dated as of September 29, 2003 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.2    Form of Capital Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.3    Form of Common Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.4    Indenture, by and between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as debenture trustee, dated as of September 29, 2003 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.5    Guarantee Agreement, by and among Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of September 29, 2003 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.5 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.6    Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Delaware Trustee and as Institutional Trustee, Bank of the Ozarks, Inc., as Sponsor, George G. Gleason, as Administrator, Mark D. Ross, as Administrator, and Paul E. Moore, as Administrator, dated as of September 25, 2003 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.6 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.7    Form of Capital Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.7 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.8    Form of Common Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.8 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.9    Indenture, by and between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee, dated as of September 25, 2003 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.9 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).

 

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4.10   Guarantee Agreement, by and between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee, dated as of September 25, 2003 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.10 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.11   Second Amended and Restated Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan (As Amended and Restated as of April 20, 2004) (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended June 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.12   Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Institutional Trustee, Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. as Sponsor, and George G. Gleason, Mark D. Ross and Paul E. Moore, as Administrators, dated as of September 28, 2004 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.13   Form of Capital Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.14   Form of Common Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.15   Indenture by and between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as debenture trustee, dated as of September 28, 2004 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.5 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.16   Form of Debt Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.6 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.17   Guarantee Agreement, by and between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, dated as of September 28, 2004 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.7 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.18 (a)   Amended and Restated Declarations of Trust of Ozark Capital Statutory Trust V, dated as of September 29, 2006 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 (a) to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.18 (b)   Terms of Capital Securities and Common Securities (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 (b) and included as Annex I to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.19   Form of Capital Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.2 and included as Exhibit A-1 to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.20   Form of Common Security Certificate (previously filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.21   Indenture dated as of September 29, 2006, by and between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and LaSalle Bank National Association, as Trustee (previously filed as Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by this reference).
4.22   Form of Junior Subordinated Debt Security Certificate due 2036 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.5 and included as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by this reference).

 

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  4.23    Guarantee Agreement dated as of September 29, 2006, by and between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and LaSalle Bank National Association, as Trustee (previously filed as Exhibit 4.6 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by this reference).
  4.24    Warrant to purchase up to 379,811 shares of Common Stock, issued on December 12, 2008 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 15, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference).
10.1    Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. Stock Option Plan, as amended April 17, 2007 (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission for the period ended March 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by this reference).
10.2    Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and its directors and certain of its executive officers (previously filed as Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Commission on May 22, 1997, as amended, Commission File No. 333-27641, and incorporated herein by this reference).
10.3    Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan, dated January 1, 2005 (previously filed as Exhibit 10 (iii) (A) to the Company’s current report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 14, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference).
10.4    Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. 2009 Restricted Stock Plan (previously filed as Appendix A to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 annual meeting filed with the Commission on March 4, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference).
10.5    Letter Agreement including the Securities Purchase Agreement – Standard Terms incorporated therein, dated December 12, 2008, between Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and the United States Department of the Treasury (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 15, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference).
13    Portions of the Registrant’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2008 which are incorporated herein by this reference: pages 9 through 68 of such Annual Report (attached).
21    List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant (attached).
23.1    Consent of Crowe Horwath, LLP (attached).
31.1    Certification of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (attached).
31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer (attached).
32.1    Certification of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached).
32.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached).

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

      BANK OF THE OZARKS, INC.
By:   /s/ George Gleason
  Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Date: March 11, 2009

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

SIGNATURE

  

TITLE

 

DATE

/s/ George Gleason

    George Gleason

   Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Mark Ross

    Mark Ross

   Vice Chairman, President, Chief Operating Officer and Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Paul Moore

    Paul Moore

   Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer   March 11, 2009

/s/ Jean Arehart

    Jean Arehart

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Ian Arnof

    Ian Arnof

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Steven Arnold

    Steven Arnold

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Richard Cisne

    Richard Cisne

   Director   March 11, 2009

 

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/s/ Robert East

    Robert East

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Linda Gleason

    Linda Gleason

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Henry Mariani

    Henry Mariani

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ James Matthews

    James Matthews

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Dr. R. L. Qualls

    Dr. R. L. Qualls

   Director   March 11, 2009

/s/ Kennith Smith

    Kennith Smith

   Director   March 11, 2009

 

    Robert Trevino

   Director   March 11, 2009

 

39

EX-13 2 dex13.htm PORTIONS OF ANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS Portions of Annual Report to Shareholders

Exhibit 13

LOGO

Financial Information

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006     2005     2004  
     (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)  

Income statement data:

          

Interest income

   $ 183,003     $ 176,970     $ 155,198     $ 112,881     $ 85,231  

Interest expense

     84,302       99,352       84,478       44,305       24,608  

Net interest income

     98,701       77,618       70,720       68,576       60,623  

Provision for loan and lease losses

     19,025       6,150       2,450       2,300       3,330  

Non-interest income

     19,349       22,975       23,231       19,252       18,225  

Non-interest expense

     54,398       48,252       46,390       40,080       37,605  

Preferred stock dividends

     227       —         —         —         —    

Net income available to common stockholders

     34,474       31,746       31,693       31,489       25,883  

Common share and per common share data:

          

Earnings - diluted

   $ 2.04     $ 1.89     $ 1.89     $ 1.88     $ 1.56  

Book value

     14.96       11.35       10.43       8.97       7.36  

Dividends

     0.50       0.43       0.40       0.37       0.30  

Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding (thousands)

     16,874       16,834       16,803       16,766       16,635  

End of period shares outstanding (thousands)

     16,864       16,818       16,747       16,665       16,494  

Balance sheet data at period end:

          

Total assets

   $ 3,233,303     $ 2,710,875     $ 2,529,400     $ 2,134,882     $ 1,726,840  

Total loans and leases

     2,021,199       1,871,135       1,677,389       1,370,723       1,134,591  

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     29,512       19,557       17,699       17,007       16,133  

Total investment securities

     944,783       578,348       620,132       574,120       434,512  

Total deposits

     2,341,414       2,057,061       2,045,092       1,591,643       1,379,930  

Repurchase agreements with customers

     46,864       46,086       41,001       35,671       33,223  

Other borrowings

     424,947       336,533       194,661       304,865       144,065  

Subordinated debentures

     64,950       64,950       64,950       44,331       44,331  

Preferred stock, net of unamortized discount

     71,880       —         —         —         —    

Total common stockholders’ equity

     252,302       190,829       174,633       149,403       121,406  

Loan and lease to deposit ratio

     86.32 %     90.96 %     82.02 %     86.12 %     82.22 %

Average balance sheet data:

          

Total average assets

   $ 3,017,707     $ 2,601,299     $ 2,365,316     $ 1,912,961     $ 1,547,184  

Total average common stockholders’ equity

     213,271       184,819       158,194       137,185       108,419  

Average common equity to average assets

     7.07 %     7.10 %     6.69 %     7.17 %     7.01 %

Performance ratios:

          

Return on average assets

     1.14 %     1.22 %     1.34 %     1.65 %     1.67 %

Return on average common stockholders’ equity

     16.16       17.18       20.03       22.95       23.87  

Net interest margin - FTE

     3.96       3.44       3.49       4.18       4.43  

Efficiency

     42.32       46.33       47.07       43.43       46.23  

Common stock dividend payout

     24.42       22.75       21.16       19.68       19.23  

Asset quality ratios:

          

Net charge-offs to average loans and leases

     0.45 %     0.24 %     0.12 %     0.11 %     0.10 %

Nonperforming loans and leases to total loans and leases

     0.76       0.35       0.34       0.25       0.57  

Nonperforming assets to total assets

     0.81       0.36       0.24       0.18       0.39  

Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of:

          

Total loans and leases

     1.46 %     1.05 %     1.06 %     1.24 %     1.42 %

Nonperforming loans and leases

     192 %     295 %     310 %     502 %     248 %

Capital ratios at period end:

          

Tier 1 leverage

     11.64 %     9.80 %     9.39 %     9.11 %     9.41 %

Tier 1 risk-based capital

     14.21       11.79       11.71       11.94       12.34  

Total risk-based capital

     15.36       12.67       12.76       13.02       13.74  

 

9


MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

General

Net income available to common stockholders of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. (the “Company”) was $34.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, an 8.6% increase from net income available to common stockholders of $31.7 million in 2007. Net income available to common stockholders in 2006 was $31.7 million. Diluted earnings per common share were $2.04 for 2008, a 7.9% increase from diluted earnings per common share of $1.89 in 2007. Diluted earnings per common share were $1.89 in 2006.

The table below shows total assets, investment securities, loans and leases, deposits, common stockholders’ equity, net income available to common stockholders, diluted earnings per common share and book value per common share at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 and the percentage of change year over year.

 

                    % Change  
     December 31,    2008
from 2007
    2007
from 2006
 
     2008    2007    2006     
     (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)             

Total assets

   $ 3,233,303    $ 2,710,875    $ 2,529,400    19.3 %   7.2 %

Investment securities

     944,783      578,348      620,132    63.4     (6.7 )

Loans and leases

     2,021,199      1,871,135      1,677,389    8.0     11.6  

Deposits

     2,341,414      2,057,061      2,045,092    13.8     0.6  

Common stockholders’ equity

     252,302      190,829      174,633    32.2     9.3  

Net income available to common stockholders

     34,474      31,746      31,693    8.6     0.2  

Diluted earnings per common share

     2.04      1.89      1.89    7.9     —    

Book value per common share

     14.96      11.35      10.43    31.8     8.8  

Two measures used to assess performance by banking institutions are return on average assets (“ROA”) and return on average common stockholders’ equity (“ROE”). ROA measures net income available to common stockholders in relation to average total assets. It is calculated by dividing annual net income available to common stockholders by average total assets and indicates a company’s ability to employ its resources profitably. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company’s ROA was 1.14% compared with 1.22% and 1.34%, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. ROE measures net income available to common stockholders in relation to average common stockholders’ equity. It is calculated by dividing annual net income available to common stockholders by average common stockholders’ equity and indicates how effectively a company can generate net income on the capital invested by its common stockholders. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company’s ROE was 16.16% compared with 17.18% and 20.03%, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.

Analysis of Results of Operations

The Company is a bank holding company whose primary business is commercial banking conducted through its wholly-owned state chartered bank subsidiary — Bank of the Ozarks (the “Bank”). The Company’s results of operations depend primarily on net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income from earning assets, such as loans, leases and investments, and the interest expense incurred on interest bearing liabilities, such as deposits, borrowings and subordinated debentures. The Company also generates non-interest income, including service charges on deposit accounts, mortgage lending income, trust income, bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income, other charges and fees, gains and losses on investment securities and gains and losses on sales of other assets.

The Company’s non-interest expense consists primarily of employee compensation and benefits, net occupancy and equipment expense and other operating expenses. The Company’s results of operations are significantly affected by its provision for loan and lease losses and its provision for income taxes. The following discussion provides a summary of the Company’s operations for the past three years and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes presented elsewhere in the report.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income and net interest margin are analyzed in this discussion on a fully taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis. The adjustment to convert net interest income to a FTE basis consists of dividing tax-exempt income by one minus the statutory federal income tax rate of 35%. The FTE adjustments to net interest

 

10


income were $10.5 million in 2008, $3.6 million in 2007 and $4.6 million in 2006. No adjustments have been made in this analysis for income exempt from state income taxes or for interest expense deductions disallowed under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code as a result of investments in certain tax-exempt securities.

2008 compared to 2007

Net interest income for 2008 increased 34.5% to $109.2 million compared to $81.2 million for 2007. Net interest margin was 3.96% in 2008 compared to 3.44% in 2007. The growth in net interest income was a result of the improvement in the Company’s net interest margin, which increased 52 basis points (“bps”) from 2007 to 2008, and growth in the Company’s average earnings assets, which increased 16.6% from 2007 to 2008. The Company’s improvement in its net interest margin resulted from a combination of factors including favorable yields achieved on a large volume of tax-exempt investment securities purchased during 2008 and improvement in the Company’s spread between yields on loans, leases and other investment securities and rates paid on deposits and other funding sources. The Company’s net interest margin improved throughout 2008, increasing from 3.47% in the fourth quarter of 2007 to 3.69%, 3.77%, 3.82% and 4.52%, respectively, in each succeeding quarter of 2008.

Yields on average earning assets decreased 62 bps in 2008 compared to 2007. This decrease was due primarily to a 113 bps decline in loan and lease yields in 2008, which was partially offset by a 93 bps increase in the aggregate yield on the Company’s investment securities.

The 113 bps decrease in loan and lease yields was due primarily to the repricing of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio at lower interest rates during 2008. Beginning in September 2007 and continuing through December 2008, the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) decreased its federal funds target rate a total of 500 bps, resulting in many of the Company’s variable rate loans repricing to lower rates beginning in the third quarter of 2007 and continuing throughout 2008. Additionally, the Company’s newly originated and renewed loans and leases generally priced at lower rates beginning in the third quarter of 2007 and continuing throughout 2008 as a result of these FOMC interest rate decreases.

The 93 bps increase in the Company’s aggregate yield on its investment securities in 2008 compared to 2007 was the result of a six bps increase in yield on taxable investment securities, a 101 bps increase in yield on tax-exempt investment securities and a shift in the composition of the portfolio to include a higher proportion of tax-exempt investment securities with generally higher FTE yields than the Company’s taxable investment securities. Beginning in February 2008 and continuing through December, the Company purchased various tax-exempt investment securities with favorable yields.

The 62 bps decrease in average earning asset yields in 2008 compared to 2007 was more than offset by a 121 bps decrease in the rates on average interest bearing liabilities, resulting in the overall 52 bps increase in net interest margin in 2008 compared to 2007. The decrease in the rates on interest bearing liabilities was primarily attributable to a 123 bps decrease in the rates of interest bearing deposits, the largest component of the Company’s interest bearing liabilities. This decrease in rates on interest bearing deposits was attributable to (i) the FOMC interest rate decreases through December 2008, which resulted in decreases in rates paid on both time deposits and savings and interest bearing transaction deposits as such deposits were renewed or repriced during 2008 and (ii) the decrease in the Company’s time deposits, which generally pay higher rates than its other interest bearing deposits, to 69.4% of average interest bearing deposits in 2008 compared to 72.7% in 2007.

The rates on the Company’s other funding sources also declined in 2008 compared to 2007 primarily as a result of decreases in the FOMC federal funds target rate and other interest rate indices in 2008. The Company’s other borrowings, which are comprised primarily of Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas (“FHLB”) advances, and, to a lesser extent, Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) borrowings and federal funds purchased, decreased 89 bps in 2008 compared to 2007. The rates paid on the Company’s subordinated debentures, which are tied to a spread over the 90-day London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and reset periodically, declined 201 bps in 2008 compared to 2007 as a result of the decrease in 90-day LIBOR during 2008.

2007 compared to 2006

Net interest income for 2007 increased 7.8% to $81.2 million compared to $75.3 million for 2006. Net interest margin was 3.44% in 2007 compared to 3.49% in 2006, a decrease of five bps. The growth in net interest income was primarily a result of the 9.6% growth in earning assets from 2006 to 2007. The relatively flat to inverted yield curve between short-term and long-term interest rates and the competitive environment for pricing loans and deposits during 2007 contributed to the decline in net interest margin

 

11


for the full year of 2007 compared to 2006. However, the Company’s net interest margin improved over the course of 2007, increasing from 3.22% in the fourth quarter of 2006, to 3.35%, 3.46%, 3.45% and 3.47%, respectively, in each succeeding quarter of 2007.

Yields on earning assets increased 23 bps in 2007 compared to 2006. This increase was due primarily to an increase in loan and lease yields of 22 bps and an increase in loans and leases as a percentage of earning assets from 70.4% in 2006 to 74.9% in 2007. The increased loan and lease yields were due in part to the repricing of a portion of the Company’s fixed rate loans and leases at higher interest rates during 2007. From June 2004 through June 2006, the FOMC increased its federal funds target rate a total of 425 basis points, and during 2007 the Company benefited as fixed rate loans and leases originated prior to June 2006 either renewed at current rates or paid off and were replaced with new loans and leases at current rates. This increased repricing of fixed rate loans and leases was partially offset by declines in yields on variable rate loans due to the FOMC lowering its federal funds target rate starting in September 2007.

The Company’s aggregate yield on its investment securities decreased 13 bps in 2007 compared to 2006. This was the result of a 13 basis point decrease in yield on taxable investment securities, an 18 basis point increase in yield on tax-exempt investment securities and a shift in the composition of the portfolio to include a higher proportion of taxable investment securities that generally have a lower FTE yield than the Company’s tax-exempt investment securities. Additionally, the Company’s average balance of investment securities declined by $45 million for 2007 compared to 2006, resulting in a smaller percentage of its average earning assets being comprised of investment securities in 2007 compared to 2006.

The 23 bps increase in the yield on average earning assets in 2007 compared to 2006 was more than offset by a 32 bps increase in the rate on interest bearing liabilities, resulting in the overall five bps decline in net interest margin. The increase in the rates on interest bearing liabilities was primarily attributable to a 46 bps increase in the rates of interest bearing deposits. This increase in the rates on interest bearing deposits was attributable to both the increase in the Company’s time deposits, which generally pay higher rates than its other interest bearing deposits, to 72.7% of average interest bearing deposits in 2007 compared to 68.7% in 2006 and the increase in rates paid on time deposits as such deposits were renewed at higher rates as a result of FOMC interest rate increases through June of 2006.

The increase in the rates on interest bearing deposits was partially offset by a decline in rates on the Company’s other borrowings, which decreased 41 bps in 2007 compared to 2006. This decline in rates on other borrowings was primarily due to the decline in the FOMC federal funds target rate, to which a portion of the Company’s other borrowings are tied, starting in September 2007, the increased utilization of lower cost FHLB advances in 2007 compared to 2006, and the increase in capitalized interest on construction projects in 2007 compared to 2006.

Analysis of Net Interest Income

(FTE = Fully Taxable Equivalent)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Interest income

   $ 183,003     $ 176,970     $ 155,198  

FTE adjustment

     10,483       3,559       4,596  
                        

Interest income - FTE

     193,486       180,529       159,794  

Interest expense

     84,302       99,352       84,478  
                        

Net interest income - FTE

   $ 109,184     $ 81,177     $ 75,316  
                        

Yield on interest earning assets - FTE

     7.02 %     7.64 %     7.41 %

Rate on interest bearing liabilities

     3.24       4.45       4.13  

Net interest margin - FTE

     3.96       3.44       3.49  

 

12


The following table sets forth certain information relating to the Company’s net interest income for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. The yields and rates are derived by dividing interest income or interest expense by the average balance of the related assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown except where otherwise noted. Average balances are derived from daily average balances for such assets and liabilities. The average balance of loans and leases includes loans and leases on which the Company has discontinued accruing interest. The average balances of investment securities are computed based on amortized cost adjusted for unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available for sale (“AFS”) and other-than-temporary impairment writedowns. The yields on loans and leases include late fees and amortization of certain deferred fees and origination costs, which are considered adjustments to yields. The yields on investment securities include amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Interest expense and rates on other borrowings are presented net of interest capitalized on construction projects.

Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Analysis

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     Average
Balance
   Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Rate
    Average
Balance
   Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Rate
    Average
Balance
   Income/
Expense
   Yield/
Rate
 
     (Dollars in thousands)  
ASSETS   

Earning assets:

                        

Interest earning deposits and federal funds sold

   $ 470    $ 13    2.77 %   $ 311    $ 19    6.08 %   $ 287    $ 10    3.44 %

Investment securities:

                        

Taxable

     395,484      21,858    5.53       452,831      24,775    5.47       452,943      25,346    5.60  

Tax-exempt - FTE

     365,413      29,856    8.17       139,724      10,011    7.16       184,779      12,894    6.98  

Loans and leases - FTE

     1,995,231      141,759    7.10       1,770,283      145,724    8.23       1,517,818      121,544    8.01  
                                                

Total earning assets - FTE

     2,756,598      193,486    7.02       2,363,149      180,529    7.64       2,155,827      159,794    7.41  

Non-interest earning assets

     261,109           238,150           209,489      
                                    

Total assets

   $ 3,017,707         $ 2,601,299         $ 2,365,316      
                                    
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY              

Interest bearing liabilities:

                        

Deposits:

                        

Savings and interest bearing transaction

   $ 628,183    $ 9,282    1.48 %   $ 521,875    $ 13,715    2.63 %   $ 523,324    $ 13,694    2.62 %

Time deposits of $100,000 or more

     906,306      35,464    3.91       899,666      45,858    5.10       752,765      35,120    4.67  

Other time deposits

     516,655      19,425    3.76       487,382      23,567    4.84       398,178      16,531    4.15  
                                                

Total interest bearing deposits

     2,051,144      64,171    3.13       1,908,923      83,140    4.36       1,674,267      65,345    3.90  

Repurchase agreements with customers

     43,916      796    1.81       44,071      1,603    3.64       39,213      1,312    3.35  

Other borrowings

     441,288      15,574    3.53 (1)     215,872      9,543    4.42 (1)     282,925      13,953    4.93 (1)

Subordinated debentures

     64,950      3,761    5.79       64,950      5,066    7.80       49,641      3,868    7.79  
                                                

Total interest bearing liabilities

     2,601,298      84,302    3.24       2,233,816      99,352    4.45       2,046,046      84,478    4.13  

Non-interest bearing liabilities:

                        

Non-interest bearing deposits

     184,563           168,786           152,281      

Other non-interest bearing liabilities

     14,477           13,878           8,795      
                                    

Total liabilities

     2,800,338           2,416,480           2,207,122      

Preferred stock, net of unamortized discount

     4,098           —             —        

Common stockholders’ equity

     213,271           184,819           158,194      
                                    

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 3,017,707         $ 2,601,299         $ 2,365,316      
                                                

Net interest income - FTE

      $ 109,184         $ 81,177         $ 75,316   
                                    

Net interest margin - FTE

         3.96 %         3.44 %         3.49 %
                                    

 

(1) The interest expense and rates for other borrowings were impacted by interest capitalized on construction projects in the amount of $1.1 million, $1.3 million and $1.0 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. In the absence of this capitalization, these rates would have been 3.78%, 5.03% and 5.28%, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

 

13


The following table reflects how changes in the volume of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities and changes in interest rates have affected the Company’s interest income, interest expense and net interest income for the periods indicated. Information is provided in each category with respect to changes attributable to (1) changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior yield/rate); (2) changes in yield/ rate (changes in yield/rate multiplied by prior volume); and (3) changes in both yield/rate and volume (changes in yield/rate multiplied by changes in volume). The changes attributable to the combined impact of volume and yield/rate have all been allocated to the changes due to volume.

Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income - FTE

 

     2008 over 2007     2007 over 2006  
     Volume     Yield/
Rate
    Net
Change
    Volume     Yield/
Rate
    Net
Change
 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Increase (decrease) in:

            

Interest income - FTE:

            

Interest earning deposits and federal funds sold

   $ 4     $ (10 )   $ (6 )   $ 1     $ 8     $ 9  

Investment securities:

            

Taxable

     (2,932 )     15       (2,917 )     (6 )     (565 )     (571 )

Tax-exempt - FTE

     18,434       1,411       19,845       (3,228 )     345       (2,883 )

Loans and leases - FTE

     16,039       (20,004 )     (3,965 )     20,782       3,398       24,180  
                                                

Total interest income - FTE

     31,545       (18,588 )     12,957       17,549       3,186       20,735  
                                                

Interest expense:

            

Savings and interest bearing transaction

     1,569       (6,002 )     (4,433 )     (37 )     58       21  

Time deposits of $100,000 or more

     312       (10,706 )     (10,394 )     7,488       3,250       10,738  

Other time deposits

     1,122       (5,264 )     (4,142 )     4,313       2,723       7,036  

Repurchase agreements with customers

     (1 )     (806 )     (807 )     177       114       291  

Other borrowings

     7,952       (1,921 )     6,031       (2,965 )     (1,445 )     (4,410 )

Subordinated debentures

     —         (1,305 )     (1,305 )     1,194       4       1,198  
                                                

Total interest expense

     10,954       (26,004 )     (15,050 )     10,170       4,704       14,874  
                                                

Increase (decrease) in net interest income - FTE

   $ 20,591     $ 7,416     $ 28,007     $ 7,379     $ (1,518 )   $ 5,861  
                                                

Non-Interest Income

The Company’s non-interest income consists primarily of (1) service charges on deposit accounts, (2) mortgage lending income, (3) trust income, (4) BOLI income, (5) appraisal fees, credit life commissions and other credit related fees, (6) safe deposit box rental, operating lease income, brokerage fees and other miscellaneous fees, (7) gains and losses on investment securities and (8) gains and losses on sales of other assets.

2008 compared to 2007

Non-interest income for 2008 decreased 15.8% to $19.3 million compared to $23.0 million in 2007.

Service charges on deposit accounts are the Company’s largest source of non-interest income and decreased 1.5% to $12.0 million in 2008 compared to $12.2 million in 2007. The Company believes this decrease was primarily due to a generally lower level of economic activity in 2008.

Trust income increased 16.7% to $2.6 million in 2008 compared to $2.2 million in 2007. This increase was primarily the result of growth in both personal and corporate trust business.

Mortgage lending income declined 17.0% to $2.2 million in 2008 compared to $2.7 million in 2007. Originations of mortgage loans for sale decreased 20.6% to $128.0 million in 2008 compared to $161.2 million in 2007. Refinancing of existing mortgages accounted for 48% of the Company’s 2008 origination volume compared to 36% in 2007. Mortgage originations for home purchases were 52% of 2008 origination volume compared to 64% in 2007.

Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income increased 115.3% to $4.1 million in 2008 compared to $1.9 million in 2007. BOLI income was comprised of increases in the cash surrender value of $2.0 million in 2008 compared to $1.9 million in 2007 and $2.1 million of non-taxable income from BOLI death benefits in 2008 compared to no death benefits in 2007.

 

14


Net losses on investment securities, including the impairment charge discussed below, were $3.4 million in 2008 compared to net gains of $0.5 million in 2007. The Company sold approximately $14 million of its investment securities in 2008 and approximately $56 million of its investment securities in 2007. During the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company determined that a bond issued by SLM Corporation (“Sallie Mae”) with a carrying value of $10.0 million and an estimated fair value of $7.0 million was other-than-temporarily impaired. As a result, the Company recorded a pretax impairment charge of $3.0 million to write down the carrying value of the Sallie Mae bond to its estimated fair value.

Net losses on sales of other assets were $0.5 million in 2008 compared to net gains of $0.5 million in 2007. On December 31, 2008, a limited liability company providing low to moderate income housing in which the Company had an investment completed a planned liquidation. As a result the Company received its share of the underlying assets, comprised of $3.9 million par value of non-rated tax-exempt investment securities. Because of the wide credit spreads attributable to such securities on the date of distribution, the Company determined that its $3.9 million investment should be written down to $3.4 million, which represented the estimated fair value of the investment securities received from dissolution of the entity. This writedown accounted for substantially all of the Company’s net losses on sales of other assets in 2008.

Non-interest income from all other sources was $2.4 million in 2008 compared to $3.0 million in 2007. During the first quarter of 2007, the Company benefited from $0.5 million of other non-interest income from the settlement of a contested branch application.

2007 compared to 2006

Non-interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased 1.1% to $23.0 million compared to $23.2 million in 2006.

Service charges on deposit accounts increased 19.3% to $12.2 million in 2007 compared to $10.2 million in 2006. This increase was primarily attributable to enhancements made during late 2006 to the Company’s processes for applying and collecting service charges, the large increase in the number of deposit accounts from the Company’s 2006 deposit growth initiative and some small adjustments in early 2007 to the Company’s service charge fee schedule.

Trust income increased 14.2% to $2.2 million in 2007 compared to $1.9 million in 2006. This increase was primarily the result of growth in both personal trust and investment management business.

Mortgage lending income declined 8.6% to $2.7 million in 2007 compared to $2.9 million in 2006. Originations of mortgage loans for sale decreased 7.2% to $161.2 million in 2007 compared to $173.7 million in 2006. Refinancing of existing mortgages accounted for 36% of the Company’s 2007 origination volume compared to 32% in 2006. Mortgage originations for home purchases were 64% of 2007 origination volume compared to 68% in 2006.

Net gains on investment securities were $0.5 million in 2007 compared to $3.9 million in 2006. The Company sold approximately $56 million of its investment securities in 2007 and approximately $154 million of its investment securities in 2006. Net gains on sales of other assets were $0.5 million in 2007 compared to net losses of $0.1 million in 2006.

Non-interest income from all other sources was $3.0 million in 2007 compared to $2.5 million in 2006.

The table below shows non-interest income for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

Non-Interest Income

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007    2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Service charges on deposit accounts

   $ 12,007     $ 12,193    $ 10,217  

Mortgage lending income

     2,215       2,668      2,918  

Trust income

     2,595       2,223      1,947  

Bank owned life insurance income

     4,131       1,919      1,832  

Appraisal, credit life commissions and other credit related fees

     456       498      521  

Safe deposit box rental, operating lease income, brokerage fees and other miscellaneous fees

     1,218       1,160      1,125  

(Losses) gains on investment securities

     (3,433 )     520      3,917  

(Losses) gains on sales of other assets

     (544 )     487      (90 )

Other

     704       1,307      844  
                       

Total non-interest income

   $ 19,349     $ 22,975    $ 23,231  
                       

 

15


Non-Interest Expense

Non-interest expense consists of salaries and employee benefits, net occupancy and equipment expense and other operating expenses.

2008 compared to 2007

Non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased 12.7% to $54.4 million compared to $48.3 million in 2007. Salaries and employee benefits, the Company’s largest component of non-interest expense, increased 5.1% to $30.1 million in 2008 from $28.7 million in 2007. During 2008 the Company added two new banking offices, including its new corporate headquarters, which opened in Little Rock in December 2008. Simultaneous with the opening of the new headquarters, which includes a retail banking office, the Company closed a nearby Wal-Mart Supercenter branch and a nearby loan production office. At December 31, 2008, the Company had 71 full-service banking offices and one loan production office compared to 70 full-service banking offices and two loan production offices at December 31, 2007. The Company had 705 full-time equivalent employees at December 31, 2008, an increase of 2.3% from 689 full-time equivalent employees at December 31, 2007.

The Company’s efficiency ratio for 2008 was 42.3% compared to 46.3% in 2007. This improvement in the effeciency ratio resulted from the Company’s total revenue (the sum of net interest income — FTE and non-interest income) increasing at a faster rate than its non-interest expense in 2008.

2007 compared to 2006

Non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased 4.0% to $48.3 million compared to $46.4 million in 2006 as a result of the Company’s continued growth and expansion. Salaries and employee benefits increased 4.2% to $28.7 million in 2007 from $27.5 million in 2006. During 2007 the Company added three new banking offices and replaced one temporary banking office with a new permanent facility. At December 31, 2007, the Company had 70 full-service banking offices and two loan production offices compared to 67 full-service banking offices and two loan production offices at December 31, 2006. The Company had 689 full-time equivalent employees at December 31, 2007, a decrease of 1.4% from 699 full-time equivalent employees at December 31, 2006. The Company’s efficiency ratio for 2007 was 46.3% compared to 47.1% in 2006.

The following table shows non-interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

Non-Interest Expense

 

     Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2007    2006
     (Dollars in thousands)

Salaries and employee benefits

   $ 30,132    $ 28,661    $ 27,506

Net occupancy and equipment expense

     8,882      8,098      7,030

Other operating expenses:

        

Postage and supplies

     1,633      1,620      1,910

Telephone and data lines

     1,630      1,415      1,651

Advertising and public relations

     1,204      1,057      1,545

Professional and outside services

     1,537      1,077      1,129

Software expense

     1,261      1,201      1,068

FDIC and state assessments

     664      624      628

FDIC insurance

     1,131      701      —  

ATM expense

     633      674      598

Other real estate and foreclosure expense

     1,728      368      261

Amortization of intangibles

     214      262      262

Other

     3,749      2,494      2,802
                    

Total non-interest expense

   $ 54,398    $ 48,252    $ 46,390
                    

 

16


Income Taxes

The Company’s provision for income taxes was $9.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $14.4 million in 2007 and $13.4 million in 2006. Its effective income tax rates were 22.2%, 31.3% and 29.7%, respectively, for 2008, 2007 and 2006. The decrease in the effective tax rate of 910 bps in 2008 compared to 2007 was due primarily to (i) the significant increase, both in volume and as a percentage of earning assets, in investment securities which are exempt from federal and/or state income taxes and (ii) the $2.1 million of non-taxable income from death benefits on BOLI in 2008 compared to none in 2007. The increase in the effective tax rate of 160 bps in 2007 compared to 2006 was due primarily to a decline in tax-exempt investment securities in both volume and as a percentage of earning assets. The effective tax rates were also affected by various other factors including other non-taxable income and non-deductible expenses.

Analysis of Financial Condition

Loan and Lease Portfolio

At December 31, 2008 the Company’s loan and lease portfolio was $2.02 billion, an increase of 8.0% from $1.87 billion at December 31, 2007. As of December 31, 2008, the Company’s loan and lease portfolio consisted of 82.5% real estate loans, 10.2% commercial and industrial loans, 3.7% consumer loans, 2.5% direct financing leases and 1.0% agricultural loans (non-real estate). Real estate loans, the Company’s largest category of loans, include all loans made to finance the development of real property construction projects, provided such loans are secured by real estate, and all other loans secured by real estate as evidenced by mortgages or other liens. Real estate loans comprised 82.5% of total loans and leases at December 31, 2008 compared to 81.9% at December 31, 2007 and increased 8.8% from $1.53 billion at December 31, 2007 to $1.67 billion at December 31, 2008.

The amount and type of loans and leases outstanding are reflected in the following table.

Loan and Lease Portfolio

 

     December 31,
     2008    2007    2006    2005    2004
     (Dollars in thousands)

Real estate:

              

Residential 1-4 family

   $ 275,281    $ 279,375    $ 281,400    $ 271,989    $ 248,435

Non-farm/non-residential

     551,821      445,303      433,998      375,628      330,442

Construction/land development

     694,527      684,775      514,899      366,827      244,898

Agricultural

     84,432      91,810      88,021      74,644      66,061

Multifamily residential

     61,668      31,414      50,202      31,142      29,300
                                  

Total real estate

     1,667,729      1,532,677      1,368,520      1,120,230      919,136

Commercial and industrial

     206,058      173,128      148,853      109,459      100,642

Consumer

     75,015      87,867      86,048      78,916      73,420

Direct financing leases

     50,250      53,446      49,705      38,060      19,320

Agricultural (non-real estate)

     19,460      22,439      22,298      20,605      18,520

Other

     2,687      1,578      1,965      3,453      3,553
                                  

Total loans and leases

   $ 2,021,199    $ 1,871,135    $ 1,677,389    $ 1,370,723    $ 1,134,591
                                  

The amount and percentage of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio by state of originating office are reflected in the following table.

Loan and Lease Portfolio by State of Originating Office

 

     December 31,  

Loans and Leases

Attributable to Offices In

   2008     2007     2006  
   Amount    %     Amount    %     Amount    %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Arkansas

   $ 1,333,420    66.0 %   $ 1,461,657    78.1 %   $ 1,478,471    88.2 %

Texas

     588,875    29.1       315,960    16.9       126,458    7.5  

North Carolina

     98,904    4.9       93,518    5.0       72,460    4.3  
                                       

Total

   $ 2,021,199    100.0 %   $ 1,871,135    100.0 %   $ 1,677,389    100.0 %
                                       

 

17


The amount and type of the Company’s real estate loans at December 31, 2008 based on the metropolitan statistical area (“MSA”) and other geographic areas in which the principal collateral is located are reflected in the following table.

Geographic Distribution of Real Estate Loans

 

     Residential
1-4 Family
   Non-Farm/
Non-
Residential
   Construction/
Land
Development
   Agricultural    Multifamily
Residential
   Total
     (Dollars in thousands)

Arkansas:

                 

Little Rock - North Little Rock, AR MSA

   $ 60,227    $ 191,278    $ 117,541    $ 5,664    $ 4,869    $ 379,579

Fayetteville - Springdale - Rogers, AR MSA

     13,283      25,338      64,452      6,042      3,282      112,397

Fort Smith, AR MSA

     38,599      50,973      17,696      7,417      4,178      118,863

Hot Springs, AR MSA

     5,304      10,151      9,119      —        1,778      26,352

Western Arkansas(1)

     33,392      46,338      14,748      16,325      1,713      112,516

Northern Arkansas(2)

     90,927      42,643      18,136      42,092      633      194,431

All other Arkansas(3)

     10,387      14,715      3,220      5,214      —        33,536
                                         

Total Arkansas

     252,119      381,436      244,912      82,754      16,453      977,674
                                         

Texas:

                 

Dallas - Fort Worth - Arlington, TX MSA

     2,066      48,506      241,128      —        37,715      329,425

Houston - Baytown - Sugar Land, TX MSA

     —        3,385      42,209      —        —        45,594

Texarkana, TX - Texarkana, AR MSA

     10,652      10,161      4,022      571      4,213      29,619

All other Texas(3)

     476      15,338      9,752      —        —        25,566
                                         

Total Texas

     13,194      77,390      297,111      571      41,938      430,204
                                         

North Carolina/South Carolina:

                 

Charlotte - Gastonia - Concord, NC/SC MSA

     608      31,053      41,741      —        3,277      76,679

All other North Carolina(3)

     72      9,441      31,487      126      —        41,126

All other South Carolina(3)

     6,286      7,683      7,636      —        —        21,605
                                         

Total North Carolina/ South Carolina

     6,966      48,177      80,864      126      3,277      139,410
                                         

California

     —        2,738      31,757      —        —        34,495

Virginia

     —        1,075      16,566      —        —        17,641

Oklahoma(4)

     —        3,522      11,944      —        —        15,466

All other states(3)(5)

     3,002      37,483      11,373      981      —        52,839
                                         

Total real estate loans

   $ 275,281    $ 551,821    $ 694,527    $ 84,432    $ 61,668    $ 1,667,729
                                         

 

(1) This geographic area includes the following counties in Western Arkansas: Conway, Johnson, Logan, Pope and Yell counties.

 

(2) This geographic area includes the following counties in Northern Arkansas: Baxter, Boone, Carroll, Fulton, Marion, Newton, Searcy and Van Buren counties.
(3) These geographic areas include all MSA and non-MSA areas that are not separately reported.

 

(4) This geographic area includes all loans in Oklahoma except loans in Le Flore and Sequoyah counties which are included in the Fort Smith, Arkansas MSA above.

 

(5) Data for individual states is separately presented when aggregate real estate loans in that state exceed $10 million.

 

18


The amount and type of non-farm/non-residential loans at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and their respective percentage of the total non-farm/non-residential loan portfolio are reflected in the following table.

Non-Farm/Non-Residential Loans

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  
     Amount    %     Amount    %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Retail, including shopping centers and strip centers

   $ 143,565    26.0 %   $ 160,615    36.1 %

Churches and schools

     75,371    13.7       78,989    17.7  

Office, including medical offices

     62,644    11.3       63,920    14.4  

Office warehouse, warehouse and mini-storage

     41,253    7.5       44,015    9.9  

Gasoline stations and convenience stores

     15,938    2.9       19,297    4.3  

Hotels and motels

     24,046    4.4       12,679    2.8  

Restaurants and bars

     47,489    8.6       13,902    3.1  

Manufacturing and industrial facilities

     25,933    4.7       9,942    2.2  

Nursing homes and assisted living centers

     22,516    4.1       5,282    1.2  

Hospitals, surgery centers and other medical

     52,715    9.5       2,977    0.7  

Golf courses, entertainment and recreational facilities

     12,873    2.3       2,992    0.7  

Other non-farm/non-residential

     27,478    5.0       30,693    6.9  
                          

Total

   $ 551,821    100.0 %   $ 445,303    100.0 %
                          

The amount and type of construction/land development loans at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and their respective percentage of the total construction/land development loan portfolio are reflected in the following table.

Construction/Land Development Loans

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  
     Amount    %     Amount    %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Unimproved land

   $ 92,118    13.3 %   $ 113,526    16.6 %

Land development and lots:

          

1-4 family residential and multifamily

     219,174    31.6       185,703    27.1  

Non-residential

     102,598    14.8       58,100    8.5  

Construction:

          

1-4 family residential:

          

Owner occupied

     19,537    2.8       24,416    3.6  

Non-owner occupied:

          

Pre-sold

     14,791    2.1       7,175    1.0  

Speculative

     75,233    10.8       97,710    14.3  

Multifamily

     17,830    2.6       63,224    9.2  

Industrial, commercial and other

     153,246    22.0       134,921    19.7  
                          

Total

   $ 694,527    100.0 %   $ 684,775    100.0 %
                          

 

19


Loan and Lease Maturities

The following table reflects loans and leases grouped by remaining maturities at December 31, 2008 by type and by fixed or floating interest rates. This table is based on actual maturities and does not reflect amortizations, projected paydowns or the earliest repricing for floating rate loans. Many loans have principal paydowns scheduled in periods prior to the period in which they mature. In addition many variable rate loans are subject to repricing in periods prior to the period in which they mature.

Loan and Lease Maturities

 

     1 Year
or Less
   Over 1
Through
5 Years
   Over
5 Years
   Total
     (Dollars in thousands)

Real estate

   $ 737,935    $ 832,549    $ 97,245    $ 1,667,729

Commercial, industrial and agricultural

     118,697      102,293      4,528      225,518

Consumer

     18,044      53,090      3,881      75,015

Direct financing leases

     2,907      46,277      1,066      50,250

Other

     2,189      451      47      2,687
                           

Total

   $ 879,772    $ 1,034,660    $ 106,767    $ 2,021,199
                           

Fixed rate

   $ 307,866    $ 561,280    $ 64,554    $ 933,700

Floating rate (not at a floor or ceiling rate)

     140,608      133,946      22,014      296,568

Floating rate (at floor rate)

     431,298      339,434      20,066      790,798

Floating rate (at ceiling rate)

     —        —        133      133
                           

Total

   $ 879,772    $ 1,034,660    $ 106,767    $ 2,021,199
                           

The following table reflects loans and leases as of December 31, 2008 grouped by expected amortizations, expected paydowns or the earliest repricing opportunity for floating rate loans. This cash flow or repricing schedule approximates the Company’s ability to reprice the outstanding principal of loans and leases either by adjusting rates on existing loans and leases or reinvesting principal cash flow in new loans and leases.

Loan and Lease Cash Flows or Repricing

 

     1 Year
or Less
    Over 1
Through
2 Years
    Over 2
Through
3 Years
    Over 3
Through
5 Years
    Over
5 Years
    Total  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Fixed rate

   $ 374,847     $ 199,001     $ 166,385     $ 150,878     $ 42,589     $ 933,700  

Floating rate (not at a floor or ceiling rate)

     295,151       344       775       298       —         296,568  

Floating rate (at floor rate)

     789,942       —         —         856       —         790,798  

Floating rate (at ceiling rate)

     133       —         —         —         —         133  
                                                

Total

   $ 1,460,073     $ 199,345     $ 167,160     $ 152,032     $ 42,589     $ 2,021,199  
                                                

Percentage of total

     72.2 %     9.9 %     8.3 %     7.5 %     2.1 %     100.0 %

Cumulative percentage of total

     72.2       82.1       90.4       97.9       100.0    

Nonperforming Assets

Nonperforming assets consist of (1) nonaccrual loans and leases, (2) accruing loans and leases 90 days or more past due, (3) certain restructured loans and leases providing for a reduction or deferral of interest or principal because of a deterioration in the financial position of the borrower or lessee and (4) real estate or other assets that have been acquired in partial or full satisfaction of loan or lease obligations or upon foreclosure.

The Company generally places a loan or lease on nonaccrual status when payments are contractually past due 90 days, or earlier when doubt exists as to the ultimate collection of payments. The Company may continue to accrue interest on certain loans or leases contractually past due 90 days or more if such loans or leases are both well secured and in the process of collection. At the time a loan or lease is placed on nonaccrual status, interest previously accrued but uncollected is generally reversed and charged against interest income. Nonaccrual loans and leases are generally returned to accrual status when payments are less than 90 days past due and the Company reasonably expects to collect all payments. If a loan or lease is determined to be uncollectible, the portion of the principal determined to be uncollectible will be charged against the allowance for loan and lease losses. Income on nonaccrual loans or leases is recognized on a cash basis when and if actually collected.

 

20


The following table presents information concerning nonperforming assets including nonaccrual and restructured loans and leases, foreclosed assets held for sale and repossessions.

Nonperforming Assets

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006     2005     2004  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Nonaccrual loans and leases

   $ 15,382     $ 6,610     $ 5,713     $ 3,385     $ 6,497  

Accruing loans and leases 90 days or more past due

     —         26       —         —         —    

Restructured loans and leases(1)

     —         —         —         —         —    
                                        

Total nonperforming loans and leases

     15,382       6,636       5,713       3,385       6,497  

Foreclosed assets held for sale and repossessions(2)

     10,758       3,112       407       356       157  
                                        

Total nonperforming assets

   $ 26,140     $ 9,748     $ 6,120     $ 3,741     $ 6,654  
                                        

Nonperforming loans and leases to total loans and leases

     0.76 %     0.35 %     0.34 %     0.25 %     0.57 %

Nonperforming assets to total assets

     0.81       0.36       0.24       0.18       0.39  

 

(1) All restructured loans and leases as of the dates shown were on nonaccrual status and are included as nonaccrual loans and leases in this table.

 

(2) Foreclosed assets held for sale and repossessions are written down to estimated market value net of estimated selling costs at the time of transfer from the loan and lease portfolio. The values of such assets are reviewed from time to time throughout the holding period with the value adjusted through non-interest expense to the then estimated market value net of estimated selling costs, if lower, until disposition.

The increases in the above ratios at December 31, 2008 were not due to a specific customer or a specific market, but were a result of a number of loans and leases spread across the Company’s market area. While the Company’s markets in Arkansas, Texas and the Carolinas appear to have been less significantly impacted by weaker economic conditions nationally than some other markets, the Company has not been immune to the effects of the slower economic conditions and the slow down in housing activity. As a result, its ratios of nonperforming loans and leases and nonperforming assets were higher at December 31, 2008 compared to previous years.

The Company’s credit practices dictate that the larger the loan or lease, the more stringent are the credit standards applied. Weaker economic conditions therefore typically affect the Company’s smaller loans or leases more quickly and adversely than its larger loans or leases, as these smaller loans or leases are not typically underwritten to the more rigorous standards applied progressively to larger loans or leases.

In accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 114, at December 31, 2008, the Company has reduced the carrying value of its impaired loans and leases (all of which were included in nonaccrual loans and leases) by $4.0 million to the estimated fair value of such loans and leases of $12.4 million. The $4.0 million adjustment to reduce the carrying value of impaired loans and leases to estimated fair value consisted of $3.7 million of partial charge-offs and $0.3 million of specific loan and lease loss allocations.

The following table presents information concerning the geographic location of nonperforming assets at December 31, 2008. For the Company’s nonaccrual loans and leases, the location reported is the physical location of the principal collateral. Other real estate owned of $10.6 million is reported in the physical location of the asset. Repossessions of $0.1 million are reported at the physical location where the borrower resided at the time of repossession.

Geographic Distribution of Nonperforming Assets

 

     Nonaccrual
Loans and
Leases
   Other
Real Estate
Owned and
Repossessions
   Total
Nonperforming
Assets
     (Dollars in thousands)

Arkansas

   $ 11,611    $ 6,883    $ 18,494

Texas

     1,511      1,636      3,147

North Carolina

     1,274      669      1,943

South Carolina

     611      1,477      2,088

All other

     375      93      468
                    

Total

   $ 15,382    $ 10,758    $ 26,140
                    

 

21


Allowance and Provision for Loan and Lease Losses

The Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses was $29.5 million at December 31, 2008, or 1.46% of total loans and leases, compared with $19.6 million, or 1.05% of total loans and leases, at December 31, 2007. The allowance for loan and lease losses was $17.7 million, or 1.06% of loans and leases, at December 31, 2006. The increase in the allowance for loan and lease losses is due to a number of factors including growth in the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, changes in loss estimates for individual loans and leases and certain categories of loans and leases and slower economic and housing market conditions. While the Company believes the current allowance is adequate, changing economic and other conditions may require future adjustments to the allowance for loan and lease losses.

The amounts of provision to the allowance for loan and lease losses are based on the Company’s analysis of the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses utilizing the criteria discussed below. The provision for loan and lease losses for 2008 was $19.0 million compared to $6.2 million in 2007 and $2.5 million in 2006. The Company’s increase in its provision for loan and lease losses and its net charge-offs for 2008 compared to 2007 were significantly impacted by slower economic conditions, including a slowdown in commercial real estate activity, continued deterioration in the residential housing and mortgage markets and other factors.

An analysis of the allowance for loan and lease losses for the periods indicated is shown in the following table.

Analysis of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006     2005     2004  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 19,557     $ 17,699     $ 17,007     $ 16,133     $ 13,820  

Loans and leases charged off:

          

Real estate:

          

Residential 1-4 family

     1,079       215       124       196       167  

Non-farm/non-residential

     552       182       132       47       201  

Construction/land development

     3,059       796       58       —         29  

Agricultural

     645       37       —         —         —    

Multifamily/residential

     250       —         —         —         —    
                                        

Total real estate

     5,585       1,230       314       243       397  

Commercial and industrial

     1,259       1,798       872       706       346  

Consumer

     1,783       1,046       709       785       503  

Direct financing leases

     734       367       63       —         —    

Agricultural (non-real estate)

     270       203       107       50       31  
                                        

Total loans and leases charged off

     9,631       4,644       2,065       1,784       1,277  
                                        

Recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off:

          

Real estate:

          

Residential 1-4 family

     55       25       5       53       32  

Non-farm/non-residential

     76       3       4       17       48  

Construction/land development

     29       —         4       23       1  

Agricultural

     —         19       —         —         —    
                                        

Total real estate

     160       47       13       93       81  

Commercial and industrial

     51       62       47       102       35  

Consumer

     317       209       234       152       142  

Direct financing leases

     21       27       13       —         —    

Agricultural (non-real estate)

     12       7       —         11       2  
                                        

Total recoveries

     561       352       307       358       260  
                                        

Net loans and leases charged off

     9,070       4,292       1,758       1,426       1,017  

Provision charged to operating expense

     19,025       6,150       2,450       2,300       3,330  
                                        

Balance, end of period

   $ 29,512     $ 19,557     $ 17,699     $ 17,007     $ 16,133  
                                        

Net charge-offs to average loans and leases

     0.45 %     0.24 %     0.12 %     0.11 %     0.10 %

Allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans and leases

     1.46 %     1.05 %     1.06 %     1.24 %     1.42 %

Allowance for loan and lease losses to nonperforming loans and leases

     192 %     295 %     310 %     502 %     248 %

 

22


Provisions to and the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses are determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” and SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” and are based on the Company’s judgment and evaluation of the loan and lease portfolio utilizing objective and subjective criteria. The objective criteria utilized by the Company to assess the adequacy of its allowance for loan and lease losses and required additions to such allowance consists primarily of an internal grading system and specific allowances determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114. The Company also utilizes a peer group analysis and an historical analysis in an effort to validate the overall adequacy of its allowance for loan and lease losses. In addition to these objective criteria, the Company subjectively assesses the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the need for additions thereto, with consideration given to the nature, mix and volume of the portfolio, overall portfolio quality, review of specific problem loans and leases, national, regional and local business and economic conditions that may affect borrowers’ or lessees’ ability to pay, the value of collateral securing the loans and leases, and other relevant factors.

The Company’s internal grading system analysis assigns grades to all loans and leases except residential 1-4 family loans and consumer loans. Graded loans and leases are assigned to one of seven risk grades, with each grade being assigned a specific allowance allocation percentage. The grade for each individual loan or lease is determined by the account officer and other approving officers at the time the loan or lease is made and changed from time to time to reflect an ongoing assessment of loan or lease risk. Grades are reviewed on specific loans and leases from time to time by senior management and as part of the Company’s internal loan review process. Residential 1-4 family and consumer loans are assigned an allowance allocation percentage based on past due status. Allowance allocation percentages for the various risk grades and past due categories are determined by management and are adjusted periodically. In determining these allowance allocation percentages, management considers, among other factors, historical loss percentages for risk-rated loans and leases, consumer loans and residential 1-4 family loans. Additionally, management considers a variety of subjective criteria in determining the allowance allocation percentages.

All loans and leases deemed to be impaired are evaluated individually. The Company considers a loan or lease to be impaired when based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms thereof. Most of the Company’s nonaccrual loans and leases and all loans and leases that have been restructured from their original contractual terms are considered impaired. Many of the Company’s impaired loans and leases are dependent upon collateral for repayment. For such loans and leases, impairment is measured by comparing collateral value, net of holding and selling costs, to the current investment in the loan or lease. For all other impaired loans and leases, the Company compares estimated discounted cash flows to the current investment in the loan or lease. To the extent that the Company’s current investment in a particular loan or lease exceeds its estimated net collateral value or its estimated discounted cash flows, the impaired amount is specifically considered in the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses, or is immediately charged off as a reduction of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

The Company maintains specific reserves for certain loans and leases not considered impaired where (i) the customer is continuing to make regular payments, although payments may be past due, (ii) there is a reasonable basis to believe the customer may continue to make regular payments, although there is also an elevated risk that the customer may default, and (iii) the collateral or other repayment sources are likely to be insufficient to recover the current investment in the loan or lease if a default occurs. The Company evaluates such loans and leases to determine whether a specific reserve is needed for the loan or lease. For the purpose of calculating the amount of the specific reserve appropriate for any such loan or lease, management uses substantially the same methodology as used to calculate the impaired amount of loans and leases in accordance with SFAS No. 114 and assumes that (i) no further regular payments occur and (ii) all sums recovered will come from liquidation of collateral and collection efforts from other payment sources. To the extent that the Company’s current investment in a particular loan or lease evaluated for the need for a specific reserve exceeds its net collateral value or its estimated discounted cash flows, such excess is allocated as a specific reserve for purposes of the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

The sum of all allowance amounts derived as described above, combined with a reasonable unallocated allowance determined by management that reflects inherent but undetected losses in the portfolio and imprecision in the allowance methodology, is utilized as the primary indicator of the appropriate level of allowance for loan and lease losses. The portion of the allowance that is not derived by the allowance allocation percentages compensates for the uncertainty and complexity in estimating loan and lease losses

 

23


including factors and conditions that may not be fully reflected in the determination and application of the allowance allocation percentages. The factors and conditions evaluated in determining the unallocated portion of the allowance may include the following: (1) general economic and business conditions affecting key lending areas, (2) credit quality trends (including trends in nonperforming loans and leases expected to result from existing conditions), (3) trends that could affect collateral values, (4) seasoning of the loan and lease portfolio, (5) specific industry conditions affecting portfolio segments, (6) recent loss experience in particular segments of the portfolio, (7) concentrations of credit to single borrowers or related borrowers or to specific industries, or in specific collateral types in the loan and lease portfolio, including concentrations of credit in commercial real estate loans, (8) the Company’s expansion into new markets, (9) the offering of new loan and lease products, (10) expectations regarding the current business cycle, (11) bank regulatory examination results and (12) findings of the internal loan review department. At December 31, 2008 management believed it was appropriate to maintain an unallocated portion of the allowance not derived by the allowance allocation percentages that ranges from 15% to 25% of the total allowance for loan and lease losses.

In addition to the internal grading system, specific impairment analysis and specific reserve analysis, the Company compares the allowance for loan and lease losses (as a percentage of total loans and leases) maintained by the Bank to the peer group average percentage as shown on the most recently available Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (“FDIC”) Uniform Bank Performance Report and the FRB’s Bank Holding Company Performance Report. The Company also compares the allowance for loan and lease losses to its historical cumulative net charge-offs for the five preceding calendar years.

The Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses exceeds its cumulative historical net charge-off experience for the last five years. However, the allowance is considered reasonable given the growth in the loan and lease portfolio during recent years, key allowance and nonperforming loan and lease ratios, comparisons to industry averages, slower economic conditions in the Company’s market area and other factors.

Although the Company does not determine the overall allowance based upon the amount of loans or leases in a particular type or category (except in the case of residential 1-4 family and consumer loans), risk elements attributable to particular loan or lease types or categories are considered in assigning loan and lease grades to individual loans and leases. These risk elements include the following: (1) for non-farm/non-residential, multifamily residential, and agricultural real estate loans, the debt service coverage ratio (income from the property in excess of operating expenses compared to loan repayment requirements), operating results of the owner in the case of owner-occupied properties, the loan-to-value ratio, the age, condition, value, nature and marketability of the collateral and the specific risks and volatility of income, property value and operating results typical of properties of that type; (2) for construction and land development loans, the perceived feasibility of the project including the ability to sell developed lots or improvements constructed for resale or ability to lease property constructed for lease, the quality and nature of contracts for presale or preleasing, if any, experience and ability of the developer and loan-to-value ratios; (3) for commercial and industrial loans and leases, the operating results of the commercial, industrial or professional enterprise, the borrower’s or lessee’s business, professional and financial ability and expertise, the specific risks and volatility of income and operating results typical for businesses in the applicable industry and the age, condition, value, nature and marketability of collateral; and (4) for non-real estate agricultural loans and leases, the operating results, experience and ability of the borrower or lessee, historical and expected market conditions and the age, condition, value, nature and marketability of collateral. In addition, for each category the Company considers secondary sources of income and the financial strength of the borrower or lessee and any guarantors.

The Board of Directors reviews the analysis of the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as needed, to determine whether the amount of monthly provisions are adequate or whether additional provisions should be made to the allowance. While the allowance is determined by (i) management’s assessment and grading of individual loans and leases in the case of loans and leases other than residential 1-4 family loans and consumer loans, (ii) the past due status of residential 1-4 family loans and consumer loans and (iii) allowances made for specific loans and leases, the total allowance amount is available to absorb losses across the Company’s entire loan and lease portfolio.

 

24


The following table sets forth the sum of the amounts of the allowance for loan and lease losses attributable to individual loans and leases within each category, or loan and lease categories in general, and the unallocated allowance. The table also reflects the percentage of loans and leases in each category to the total portfolio of loans and leases for each of the periods indicated. These allowance amounts have been computed using the Company’s internal grading system, specific impairment analyses and specific special reserve analyses. The amounts shown are not necessarily indicative of the actual future losses that may occur within particular categories.

Allocation of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006     2005     2004  
     Allowance    % of
Loans
and
Leases
    Allowance    % of
Loans
and
Leases
    Allowance    % of
Loans
and
Leases
    Allowance    % of
Loans
and
Leases
    Allowance    % of
Loans
and
Leases
 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Real estate:

                         

Residential 1-4 family

   $ 2,170    13.6 %   $ 2,217    14.9 %   $ 3,052    16.8 %   $ 3,423    19.8 %   $ 3,427    21.9 %

Non-farm/non-residential

     4,396    27.3       3,470    23.8       3,085    25.9       3,368    27.4       3,107    29.1  

Construction/land development

     8,560    34.4       5,192    36.6       3,381    30.7       2,820    26.8       1,881    21.6  

Agricultural

     745    4.2       791    4.9       765    5.2       562    5.5       510    5.8  

Multifamily residential

     1,658    3.0       198    1.7       272    3.0       235    2.2       226    2.6  

Commercial and industrial

     2,421    10.2       1,439    9.3       1,373    8.9       1,111    8.0       1,004    8.9  

Consumer

     1,894    3.7       2,280    4.7       2,179    5.1       2,062    5.8       1,752    6.5  

Direct financing leases

     808    2.5       335    2.8       305    3.0       286    2.8       170    1.7  

Agricultural (non-real estate)

     137    1.0       142    1.2       150    1.3       200    1.5       164    1.6  

Other

     72    0.1       65    0.1       77    0.1       41    0.2       25    0.3  

Unallocated allowance

     6,651        3,428        3,060        2,899        3,867   
                                             

Total

   $ 29,512      $ 19,557      $ 17,699      $ 17,007      $ 16,133   
                                             

The Company maintains an internally classified loan and lease list that, along with the list of nonaccrual loans and leases, the list of impaired loans and leases and the list of loans and leases with specific reserves, helps management assess the overall quality of the loan and lease portfolio and the adequacy of the allowance. Loans and leases classified as “substandard” have clear and defined weaknesses such as highly leveraged positions, unfavorable financial ratios, uncertain repayment sources or poor financial condition which may jeopardize collectability of the loan or lease. Loans and leases classified as “doubtful” have characteristics similar to substandard loans and leases, but also have an increased risk that a loss may occur or at least a portion of the loan or lease may require a charge-off if liquidated. Although loans and leases classified as substandard do not duplicate loans and leases classified as doubtful, both substandard and doubtful loans and leases may include some that are past due at least 90 days, are on nonaccrual status or have been restructured. Loans and leases classified as “loss” are charged off. At December 31, 2008 substandard loans and leases not designated as nonaccrual or 90 days past due totaled $41.6 million compared to $10.0 million at December 31, 2007. No loans or leases were designated as doubtful or loss at December 31, 2008 or 2007.

Administration of the Bank’s lending function is the responsibility of the Chief Executive Officer and certain senior lenders. Such officers perform their lending duties subject to the oversight and policy direction of the Board of Directors and the loan committee. Loan or lease authority is granted to the Chief Executive Officer and certain other senior officers as determined by the Board of Directors. Loan or lease authorities of other lending officers are assigned by the Chief Executive Officer.

Loans or leases and aggregate loan and lease relationships exceeding $3.0 million up to the legal lending limit of the Bank are authorized by the loan committee, which during 2008 consisted of any five or more directors and three of the Bank’s senior officers. At least quarterly, the Company’s loan committee reviews various reports of loan and lease concentrations, loan and lease originations and commitments over $100,000, internally classified and watch list loans and leases and various other loan and lease reports. At least quarterly the Board of Directors reviews summary reports of past due loans and leases and activity in the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses and various other loan and lease reports.

The Company’s compliance and loan review officers are responsible for the Bank’s compliance and loan review areas. Periodic reviews are scheduled for the purpose of evaluating asset quality and effectiveness of loan and lease administration. The compliance and loan review officers prepare reports which identify deficiencies, establish recommendations for improvement and outline management’s proposed action plan for curing the identified deficiencies. These reports are provided to and reviewed by the Company’s audit committee. Additionally, the reports issued by the Company’s loan review function are provided to and reviewed by the Company’s loan committee.

 

25


Investment Securities

The Company’s investment securities portfolio provides a significant source of revenue for the Company. At December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company classified all of its investment securities portfolio as available for sale. Accordingly, its investment securities are stated at estimated fair value in the consolidated financial statements with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity and included in other comprehensive income (loss). At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company owned stock in the FHLB and the Arkansas Banker’s Bancorporation, Inc. (“ABB”). Effective November 30, 2008 the ABB was acquired by and merged into the First National Banker’s Bankshares, Inc. (“FNBB”) via a tax-free exchange of stock. Accordingly, at December 31, 2008, the Company owned stock in FHLB and FNBB. The FHLB, ABB and FNBB shares do not have readily determinable fair values and are carried at cost.

The following table presents the amortized cost and the fair value of investment securities as of the dates indicated.

Investment Securities

 

     December 31,
     2008    2007    2006
     Amortized
Cost
   Fair
Value(1)
   Amortized
Cost
   Fair
Value(1)
   Amortized
Cost
   Fair
Value(1)
     (Dollars in thousands)

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 517,166    $ 542,740    $ 163,339    $ 166,467    $ 133,255    $ 135,149

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities (taxable)

     371,110      371,561      370,061      344,346      406,611      397,964

Securities of U.S. Government agencies

     —        —        42,029      42,092      65,935      65,252

Corporate obligations

     6,953      6,953      9,953      7,646      9,940      9,278

FHLB and FNBB/ABB stock

     22,846      22,846      16,753      16,753      11,489      11,489

Other securities

     1,000      683      1,044      1,044      1,000      1,000
                                         

Total

   $ 919,075    $ 944,783    $ 603,179    $ 578,348    $ 628,230    $ 620,132
                                         

 

(1) The Company utilizes an independent third party as its principal pricing source for determining fair value. For investment securities traded in an active market, the fair values are based on quoted market prices if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on market prices for comparable securities, broker quotes or comprehensive interest rate tables and pricing matrices. For investment securities traded in a market that is not active, fair value is determined using unobservable inputs or value drivers.

The following table presents the unaccreted discount and unamortized premium of the Company’s investment securities for the dates indicated.

Unaccreted Discount and Unamortized Premium

 

     Unaccreted
Discount
   Unamortized
Premium
    Net Unaccreted
Discount
     (Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2008:

       

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 28,779    $ (19 )   $ 28,760

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     8,252      (139 )     8,113

Corporate obligations

     —        —         —  

FHLB and FNBB stock

     —        —         —  

Other securities

     —        —         —  
                     

Total

   $ 37,031    $ (158 )   $ 36,873
                     

December 31, 2007:

       

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 825    $ (25 )   $ 800

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     9,067      (173 )     8,894

Securities of U.S. Government agencies

     56      —         56

Corporate obligations

     47      —         47

FHLB and ABB stock

     —        —         —  

Other securities

     —        —         —  
                     

Total

   $ 9,995    $ (198 )   $ 9,797
                     

During 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company recognized discount accretion, net of premium amortization, of $1.0 million, $0.9 million and $1.2 million, respectively, which is considered an adjustment to yield of its investment securities.

 

26


The Company’s investment securities portfolio is reported at amortized cost adjusted for unrealized gains and losses and for any impairment charges. At December 31, 2008, unrealized net gains totaled $25.7 million and at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, unrealized net losses were $24.8 million and $8.1 million. Management believes that all of its unrealized losses on individual investment securities at December 31, 2008 are the result of fluctuations in interest rates and do not reflect deterioration in the credit quality of its investments. Accordingly management considers these unrealized losses to be temporary in nature. The Company has both the ability and the intent to hold these investment securities until maturity or such time as fair value recovers to amortized cost.

At December 31, 2008, the Company’s investment securities portfolio included a bond issued by Sallie Mae with an amortized cost of $10.0 million and an estimated fair value of $7.0 million. During the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company concluded that the Sallie Mae bond was other-than-temporarily impaired and recorded a pretax charge of $3.0 million to reduce the carrying value of this bond to its estimated fair value. In estimating the fair value of this Sallie Mae bond, the Company relied significantly on inputs and value drivers that are unobservable, resulting in Level 3 classification under the provisions of SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. The use of unobservable inputs and value drivers was deemed necessary by management given the trading market for this security was determined to be “not active” based on the limited number of trades, small block sizes, and the significant spreads between the bid and ask price. Accordingly, the Company developed an internal model for pricing the security based on the present value of expected cash flows at an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate. In developing the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate, the Company considered the change in interest rate spreads between comparable maturities of similarly rated bonds and U.S. Treasuries between the date of purchase and the measurement date, which spreads increased 690 bps during such period. Additionally, the Company reviewed other information such as historical and current performance of the bond, cash flow projections, liquidity and credit premiums required by market participants, financial trend analysis of Sallie Mae and other factors in determining the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate and expected cash flows. Management determined that the increase in spreads of 690 bps added together with the current coupon rate on the Sallie Mae bond was the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate to apply to the estimated future cash flows, resulting in an estimated fair value of $7.0 million.

The Company had net losses of $0.4 million from the sale of $14 million of investment securities in 2008 compared with net gains of $0.5 million from the sale of $56 million of investment securities in 2007. During 2008 and 2007, respectively, investment securities totaling $1.642 billion and $40 million, matured or were called by the issuer. The Company purchased $1.959 billion and $70 million, respectively, of investment securities during 2008 and 2007.

From February through December of 2008, the Company purchased a large volume of tax-exempt investment securities which the Company expected to be relatively temporary investments. The opportunity to acquire these securities at unusually favorable yields was due to unusual market conditions. The interest rates on the majority of these securities reset weekly, resulting in the securities being repurchased or called on a weekly basis. As expected, the Company’s volume of these investments declined during 2008 from $290 million at March 31, 2008, to $170 million at June 30, $119 million at September 30 and $85 million at December 31. The Company expects the remainder of these securities will be called or otherwise paid off in the first or second quarter of 2009.

In addition, during 2008 the Company purchased other investment securities which appeared to offer relatively good value at the time of purchase and which the Company considers to be long term investments. Total purchases of such investment securities were $15.9 million during the first quarter of 2008, $35.4 million in the second quarter, $20.5 million in the third quarter and $202.6 million in the fourth quarter. Such purchases, during the fourth quarter of 2008, included $187.3 million of tax-exempt mortgage-backed securities issued by housing authorities of states and political subdivisions (“Municipal Housing Authority Bonds”). These Municipal Housing Authority Bonds are primarily backed by single family or multi-family residential mortgages, the repayment of which is guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), U.S. Department of Veterans’ Affairs (“VA”), Federal Housing Agency (“FHA”) or U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Development (“RD”).

The Company invests in securities it believes offer good relative value at the time of purchase, and it will, from time to time reposition its investment securities portfolio. In making its decisions to sell or purchase securities, the Company considers credit ratings, call features, maturity dates, relative yields, current market factors and other relevant factors.

 

27


The following table presents the types and estimated fair values of the Company’s investment securities at December 31, 2008 based on credit ratings by one or more nationally-recognized credit rating agencies.

Credit Ratings of Investment Securities

 

     AAA     AA     A     BBB     Non-Rated     Total  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Obligations of states and political subdivisions:

            

Arkansas

   $ 1,010     $ 1,557     $ 25,872     $ 10,171     $ 144,723     $ 183,333  

Non-Arkansas

     221,309       48,331       66,155       10,377       13,235       359,407  

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     371,561       —         —         —         —         371,561  

Corporate obligations

     —         —         —         6,953       —         6,953  

FHLB and FNBB stock

     22,463       —         —         —         383       22,846  

Other securities

     —         —         —         683       —         683  
                                                

Total

   $ 616,343     $ 49,888     $ 92,027     $ 28,184     $ 158,341     $ 944,783  
                                                

Percentage of total

     65.2 %     5.3 %     9.7 %     3.0 %     16.8 %     100.0 %

The following table reflects the expected maturity distribution of the Company’s investment securities, at fair value, as of December 31, 2008 and weighted-average yields (for tax-exempt obligations on a FTE basis) of such securities. The maturity for all investment securities is shown based on each security’s contractual maturity date, except (1) equity securities with no contractual maturity date which are shown in the longest maturity category, (2) U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities are allocated among various maturities based on an estimated repayment schedule utilizing Bloomberg median prepayment speeds based on interest rate levels at December 31, 2008, (3) mortgage-backed securities issued by housing authorities of state and political subdivisions are allocated among various maturities based on an estimated repayment schedule projected by management as of December 31, 2008, and (4) callable investment securities when the Company has received notification of call are included in the maturity category in which the call occurs or is expected to occur. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The weighted-average yields -FTE are calculated based on the coupon rate and amortized cost for such securities and do not include any projected discount accretion or premium amortization.

Expected Maturity Distribution of Investment Securities

 

     1 Year
or
Less
    Over 1
Through
5 Years
    Over 5
Through
10 Years
    Over
10
Years
    Total  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 101,577     $ 74,464     $ 83,773     $ 282,926     $ 542,740  

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     224,515       138,328       8,718       —         371,561  

Corporate obligations

     —         —         6,953       —         6,953  

FHLB and FNBB stock(1)

     —         —         —         22,846       22,846  

Other securities

     —         —         —         683       683  
                                        

Total

   $ 326,092     $ 212,792     $ 99,444     $ 306,455     $ 944,783  
                                        

Percentage of total

     34.8 %     22.6 %     10.5 %     32.1 %     100.0 %

Cumulative percentage of total

     34.8 %     57.4 %     67.9 %     100.0 %  

Weighted-average yield - FTE(2)

     6.54 %     5.71 %     5.29 %     6.09 %     6.08 %

 

(1) Includes approximately $22.5 million of FHLB stock which has historically paid quarterly dividends at a variable rate approximating the federal funds rate.

 

(2) The weighted-average yields - FTE are calculated based on the coupon rate and amortized cost for such securities and do not include any projected discount accretion or premium amortization.

 

28


Deposits

The Company’s lending and investing activities are funded primarily by deposits. The Company’s total deposits increased 13.8% to $2.34 billion at December 31, 2008, compared to $2.06 billion at December 31, 2007. These deposit totals included brokered deposits of $384.8 million at December 31, 2008 and $381.3 million at December 31, 2007.

Total deposits at December 31, 2008 consisted of 55.7% time deposits and 44.3% demand and savings deposits. Total deposits at December 31, 2007 consisted of 67.0% time deposits and 33.0% demand and savings deposits. Interest bearing deposits other than time deposits consist of transaction, savings and money market accounts, which comprised 36.4% of total deposits at December 31, 2008 and 25.1% at December 31, 2007. Non-interest bearing demand deposits constituted 7.9% of total deposits at both December 31, 2008 and 2007.

The following table reflects the average balance and average rate paid for each deposit category shown for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

Average Deposit Balances and Rates

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     Average
Balance
   Average
Rate Paid
    Average
Balance
   Average
Rate Paid
    Average
Balance
   Average
Rate Paid
 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Non-interest bearing accounts

   $ 184,563    —       $ 168,786    —       $ 152,281    —    

Interest bearing accounts:

               

Transaction (NOW)

     400,145    1.18 %     403,288    2.48 %     404,433    2.55 %

Savings

     28,437    0.11       25,746    0.22       27,107    0.20  

Money market

     199,601    2.27       92,841    3.95       91,784    3.65  

Time deposits less than $100,000

     516,655    3.76       487,382    4.84       398,178    4.15  

Time deposits $100,000 or more

     906,306    3.91       899,666    5.10       752,765    4.67  
                           

Total deposits

   $ 2,235,707      $ 2,077,709      $ 1,826,548   
                           

The following table sets forth, by time remaining to maturity, time deposits in amounts of $100,000 and over at December 31, 2008.

Maturity Distribution of Time Deposits of $100,000 and Over

 

     December 31, 2008
     (Dollars in thousands)

3 months or less

   $ 382,341

Over 3 to 6 months

     227,254

Over 6 to 12 months

     177,009

Over 12 months

     9,761
      
   $ 796,365
      

The amount and percentage of the Company’s deposits by state of originating office are reflected in the following table.

Deposits by State of Originating Office

 

     December 31,  

Deposits Attributable to Offices In

   2008     2007     2006  
   Amount    %     Amount    %     Amount    %  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Arkansas

   $ 2,032,335    86.8 %   $ 1,922,746    93.5 %   $ 1,943,638    95.0 %

Texas

     309,079    13.2       134,315    6.5       101,454    5.0  
                                       

Total

   $ 2,341,414    100.0 %   $ 2,057,061    100.0 %   $ 2,045,092    100.0 %
                                       

Other Interest Bearing Liabilities

The Company also relies on other interest bearing liabilities to fund its lending and investing activities. Such liabilities consist of repurchase agreements with customers, other borrowings (primarily FHLB advances and, to a lesser extent, FRB borrowings and federal funds purchased) and subordinated debentures.

Total other interest bearing liabilities were $536.8 million at December 31, 2008, an increase of $89.2 million from $447.6 million at December 31, 2007. Repurchase agreements with customers increased to $46.9 million at December 31, 2008 from $46.1 million at December 31, 2007. Subordinated debentures

 

29


totaled $64.9 million at both December 31, 2008 and 2007. Other borrowings, including FHLB advances, FRB borrowings and federal funds purchased, increased to $424.9 million at December 31, 2008 from $336.5 million at December 31, 2007. During 2008 the Company utilized these other borrowings to fund a portion of its growth in earning assets because it considered these other borrowings to be more cost-effective than raising additional deposits.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk results from timing differences in the repricing of assets and liabilities or from changes in relationships between interest rate indexes. The Company’s interest rate risk management is the responsibility of the ALCO and Investments Committee (“ALCO”) which reports to the Board of Directors. The ALCO oversees the asset/liability (interest rate risk) position, liquidity and funds management, and investment portfolio functions of the Company.

The Company regularly reviews its exposure to changes in interest rates. Among the factors considered are changes in the mix of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, interest rate spreads and repricing periods. Typically, the ALCO reviews on at least a quarterly basis the Company’s relative ratio of rate sensitive assets (“RSA”) to rate sensitive liabilities (“RSL”) and the related cumulative gap for different time periods. However, the primary tool used by ALCO to analyze the Company’s interest rate risk and interest rate sensitivity is an earnings simulation model.

This earnings simulation modeling process projects a baseline net interest income (assuming no changes in interest rate levels) and estimates changes to that baseline net interest income resulting from changes in interest rate levels. The Company relies primarily on the results of this model in evaluating its interest rate risk. This model incorporates a number of factors including: (1) the expected exercise of call features on various assets and liabilities, (2) the expected rates at which various RSA and RSL will reprice, (3) the expected growth in various interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities and the expected interest rates on such new assets and liabilities, (4) the expected relative movements in different interest rate indexes which are used as the basis for pricing or repricing various assets and liabilities, (5) existing and expected contractual cap and floor rates on various assets and liabilities, (6) expected changes in administered rates on interest bearing transaction, savings, money market and time deposit accounts and the expected impact of competition on the pricing or repricing of such accounts and (7) other relevant factors. Inclusion of these factors in the model is intended to more accurately project the Company’s expected changes in net interest income resulting from interest rate changes. The Company models its change in net interest income assuming interest rates go up 100 bps, up 200 bps, down 100 bps and down 200 bps. For purposes of this model, the Company has assumed that the change in interest rates phases in over a 12-month period. While the Company believes this model provides a reasonably accurate projection of its interest rate risk, the model includes a number of assumptions and predictions which may or may not be correct and may impact the model results. These assumptions and predictions include inputs to compute baseline net interest income, growth rates, expected changes in administered rates on interest bearing deposit accounts, competition and a variety of other factors that are difficult to accurately predict. Accordingly, there can be no assurance the earnings simulation model will accurately reflect future results.

The following table presents the earnings simulation model’s projected impact of a change in interest rates on the projected baseline net interest income for the 12-month period commencing January 1, 2009. This change in interest rates assumes parallel shifts in the yield curve and does not take into account changes in the slope of the yield curve.

Earnings Simulation Model Results

 

Change in Interest

Rates (in bps)

   % Change in
Projected Baseline
Net Interest Income
 

+200

   (1.2 )%

+100

   (0.6 )

-100

   Not meaningful  

-200

   Not meaningful  

In the event of a shift in interest rates, the Company may take certain actions intended to mitigate the negative impact to net interest income or to maximize the positive impact to net interest income. These actions may include, but are not limited to, restructuring of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, seeking alternative funding sources or investment opportunities and modifying the pricing or terms of loans and leases and deposits.

 

30


Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The consolidated financial statements and related notes presented elsewhere in the report have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. This requires the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. Unlike most industrial companies, nearly all the assets and liabilities of the Company are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a greater impact on the Company’s performance than do the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.

Capital Compliance

Bank regulatory authorities in the United States impose certain capital standards on all bank holding companies and banks. These capital standards require compliance with certain minimum “risk-based capital ratios” and a minimum “leverage ratio.” The risk-based capital ratios consist of (1) Tier 1 capital (common stockholders’ equity excluding goodwill, certain intangibles and net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities, but including, subject to limitations, trust preferred securities, certain types of preferred stock and other qualifying items) to risk-weighted assets and (2) total capital (Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital which includes the qualifying portion of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the portion of trust preferred securities not counted as Tier 1 capital) to risk-weighted assets. The Tier 1 leverage ratio is measured as Tier 1 capital to adjusted quarterly average assets.

The Company’s consolidated risk-based capital and leverage ratios exceeded these minimum requirements at December 31, 2008 and 2007 and are presented in the following table, followed by the capital ratios of the Bank at December 31, 2008 and 2007.

Consolidated Capital Ratios

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Tier 1 capital:

  

Common stockholders’ equity

   $ 252,302     $ 190,829  

Preferred stock, net of unamorized discount

     71,880       —    

Allowed amount of trust preferred securities

     63,000       63,000  

Net unrealized (gains) losses on investment securities AFS

     (15,624 )     15,091  

Less goodwill and certain intangible assets

     (5,664 )     (5,877 )
                

Total Tier 1 capital

     365,894       263,043  

Tier 2 capital:

    

Qualifying allowance for loan and lease losses

     29,512       19,557  
                

Total risk-based capital

   $ 395,406     $ 282,600  
                

Risk-weighted assets

   $ 2,574,881     $ 2,230,309  
                

Adjusted quarterly average assets - fourth quarter

   $ 3,143,959     $ 2,683,323  
                

Ratios at end of period:

    

Tier 1 leverage

     11.64 %     9.80 %

Tier 1 risk-based capital

     14.21       11.79  

Total risk-based capital

     15.36       12.67  

Minimum ratio guidelines:

    

Tier 1 leverage(1)

     3.00 %     3.00 %

Tier 1 risk-based capital

     4.00       4.00  

Total risk-based capital

     8.00       8.00  

Minimum ratio guidelines to be “well capitalized”:

    

Tier 1 leverage

     5.00 %     5.00 %

Tier 1 risk-based capital

     6.00       6.00  

Total risk-based capital

     10.00       10.00  

 

(1) Regulatory authorities require institutions to operate at varying levels (ranging from 100-200 bps) above a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 3% depending upon capitalization classification.

Bank Capital Ratios

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Stockholders’ equity - Tier 1 capital

   $ 346,941     $ 236,122  

Tier 1 leverage ratio

     11.09 %     8.82 %

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio

     13.48       10.63  

Total risk-based capital ratio

     14.63       11.51  

 

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Capital Resources and Liquidity

Capital Resources

Subordinated Debentures. At December 31, 2008, the Company had an aggregate of $64.9 million of subordinated debentures and related trust preferred securities outstanding consisting of $20.6 million of subordinated debentures and securities issued in 2006 that bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at LIBOR plus 1.60%; $15.4 million of subordinated debentures and securities issued in 2004 that bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at LIBOR plus 2.22%; and $28.9 million of subordinated debentures and securities issued in 2003 that bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at a weighted-average rate of LIBOR plus 2.925%. These subordinated debentures and securities generally mature 30 years after issuance and may be prepaid at par, subject to regulatory approval, on or after approximately five years from the date of issuance, or at an earlier date upon certain changes in tax laws, investment company laws or regulatory capital requirements. These subordinated debentures and the related trust preferred securities provide the Company additional regulatory capital to support its expected future growth and expansion.

Issuance of Preferred Stock and Common Stock Warrant. On December 12, 2008, as part of the United States Department of the Treasury’s (the “Treasury”) Capital Purchase Program made available to certain financial institutions in the U.S. pursuant to the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”), the Company and the Treasury entered into a Letter Agreement including the Securities Purchase Agreement — Standard Terms incorporated therein (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company issued to the Treasury, in exchange for aggregate consideration of $75.0 million, (i) 75,000 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, par value $0.01 and liquidation preference $1,000 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), and (ii) a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase up to 379,811 shares (the “Warrant Common Stock”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at an exercise price of $29.62 per share.

The Series A Preferred Stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital and pays cumulative quarterly cash dividends at a rate of 5% per annum for the first five years, and 9% per annum thereafter. The Series A Preferred Stock is non-voting, other than class voting rights on certain matters that could adversely affect the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed by the Company at par on or after February 15, 2012. Prior to this date, the Series A Preferred Stock may not be redeemed unless the Company has received aggregate gross proceeds from one or more qualified equity offerings of any Tier 1 perpetual preferred or common stock of the Company (a “Qualified Equity Offering”) equal to $18.75 million. Subject to certain limited exceptions, until December 12, 2011, or such earlier time as all Series A Preferred Stock has been redeemed or transferred by Treasury, the Company will not, without Treasury’s consent, be able to increase its dividend rate per share of common stock or repurchase its common stock.

The Warrant is immediately exercisable and has a 10-year term. The Treasury may not exercise voting power with respect to any shares of Warrant Common Stock until the Warrant has been exercised. If the Company receives aggregate gross cash proceeds of not less than $75,000,000 from one or more Qualified Equity Offerings on or prior to December 31, 2009, the number of shares of Warrant Common Stock underlying the Warrant then held by Treasury will be reduced by one half of the original number of shares underlying the Warrant.

Upon receipt of the aggregate consideration from the Treasury on December 12, 2008, the Company allocated the $75.0 million proceeds on a pro rata basis to the Series A Preferred Stock and the Warrant based on relative fair values. In estimating the fair value of the Warrant, the Company utilized the Black-Scholes model which includes assumptions regarding the Company’s common stock prices, stock price volatility, dividend yield, the risk free interest rate and the estimated life of the Warrant. The fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock was determined using a discounted cash flow methodology and a discount rate of 12%. As a result, the Company assigned $3.1 million of the aggregate proceeds to the Warrant and $71.9 million to the Series A Preferred Stock. The value assigned to the Series A Preferred Stock will be amortized up to the $75.0 million liquidation value of such preferred stock, with the cost of such amortization being reported as additional preferred stock dividends. This results in a total dividend with a constant effective yield of 5.98% over a five-year period, which is the expected life of the Series A Preferred Stock.

In addition, the Purchase Agreement (i) grants the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Warrant and the Warrant Common Stock certain registration rights, (ii) subjects the Company to certain of the executive compensation limitations included in the EESA (which are discussed below) and (iii) allows the Treasury to unilaterally amend any of the terms of the Purchase Agreement to the extent required to comply with any changes after December 12, 2008 in applicable federal statutes.

 

32


On January 9, 2009 the Company filed a “shelf” registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) for the purpose of registering the Series A Preferred Stock, the Warrant and the Warrant Common Stock in order to permit the sale of such securities by the U.S. Treasury at any time after effectiveness of the registration statement. On January 23, 2009, the Company was notified by the Commission that the “shelf” registration statement was deemed effective.

Immediately prior to the execution of the Purchase Agreement, the Company amended its compensation, bonus, incentive and other benefit plans, arrangements and agreements to the extent necessary to comply with the executive compensation and corporate governance requirements of Section 111(b) of the EESA and applicable guidance or regulations issued by the Treasury on or prior to December 12, 2008. The applicable executive compensation requirements apply to the compensation of the Company’s chief executive officer, chief financial officer and four other most highly compensated executive officers (collectively, the “senior executive officers”). In addition, in connection with the closing of the Treasury’s purchase of the Series A Preferred Stock, each of the senior executive officers was required to execute a waiver of any claim against the United States or the Company for any changes to his compensation or benefits that are required in order to comply with the regulation issued by the Treasury as published in the Federal Register on October 20, 2008.

In anticipation of participation in the Capital Purchase Program and the eventual receipt of proceeds from the Treasury, the Company began purchases of various investment securities starting in October and continuing throughout the fourth quarter of 2008. These purchases of investment securities, excluding purchases which were expected to be relatively temporary investments, totaled $202.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2008 and included the $187.3 million of Municipal Housing Authority Bonds previously discussed. These Municipal Housing Authority Bonds are primarily backed by single family or multi-family residential mortgages, the repayment of which is guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA, FHLMC, VA, FHA or RD. Such bonds represent a direct investment in the United States housing market and, along with purchases by other investors, contributed to increased liquidity for mortgage-backed securities and thus lower mortgage interest rates.

The Company also continued to originate a significant volume of new and renewed loans in the fourth quarter of 2008 in anticipation of the additional lending capacity which would result from its participation in the Capital Purchase Program. The Company originated $102.2 million of new and renewed loans in the fourth quarter for portfolio, and it originated an additional $24.3 million of residential mortgage loans for resale in the secondary market in the fourth quarter of 2008.

Common Stock Dividend Policy. In 2008 the Company paid dividends of $0.50 per share. In 2007 and 2006 the Company paid dividends of $0.43 per share and $0.40 per share, respectively. In 2006 the per share dividend was $0.10 in each quarter. In 2007 the per share dividend was $0.10 per quarter in the first and second quarters, $0.11 in the third quarter and $0.12 in the fourth quarter. In 2008, the per share dividend was $0.12 per quarter in the first and second quarters and $0.13 per quarter in the third and fourth quarters. The determination of future dividends on the Company’s common stock will depend on conditions existing at that time. Subject to certain limitations, until December 12, 2011, or such earlier time as the Series A Preferred Stock has been redeemed or transferred by the Treasury, the Company will not, without the Treasury’s consent, be able to increase its quarterly dividend rate above $0.13 per share.

Preferred Stock Dividend. The Series A Preferred Stock pays cumulative quarterly dividends on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 at a rate of 5% per annum for the first five years and 9% per annum thereafter. In 2008 the Company accrued $198,000 for the quarterly dividend payable on February 15, 2009 (or the next business day thereafter) in the amount of $656,000. Additionally, the Company recorded amortization of the discount on the Series A Preferred Stock in the amount of $29,000 during 2008 as additional preferred stock dividend. Future amortization of the Series A Preferred Stock discount will result in a total dividend with a constant effective rate of 5.98% over a five-year period, which is the expected life of the Series A Preferred Stock.

Liquidity

Bank Liquidity. Liquidity represents an institution’s ability to provide funds to satisfy demands from depositors, borrowers and lessees by either converting assets into cash or accessing new or existing sources of incremental funds. Liquidity risk arises from the possibility the Company may be unable to satisfy current or future financial commitments. The ALCO has primary oversight for the Company’s liquidity and funds management.

The objective of managing liquidity risk is to ensure the cash flow requirements resulting from depositor, borrower and lessee demands, as well as operating cash needs of the Company, are met, and the cost of funding such requirements and needs is reasonable. The Company maintains a liquidity risk management policy and a contingency funding plan that include policies and procedures for managing liquidity risk.

 

33


Generally the Company relies on deposits, loan and lease repayments and repayments of its investment securities as its primary sources of funds. The principal deposit sources utilized by the Company include consumer, commercial and public funds customers in the Company’s markets and brokered deposits. The Company has used these funds, together with FHLB advances, FRB borrowings and other borrowings, to make loans and leases, acquire investment securities and other assets and to fund continuing operations.

Deposit levels may be affected by a number of factors, including rates paid by competitors, general interest rate levels, returns available to customers on alternative investments and general economic and market conditions. Loan and lease repayments are a relatively stable source of funds but are subject to the borrowers’ and lessees’ ability to repay the loans and leases, which can be adversely affected by a number of factors including changes in general economic conditions, adverse trends or events affecting business industry groups or specific businesses, declines in real estate values or markets, business closings or lay-offs, inclement weather, natural disasters and other factors. Furthermore, loans and leases generally are not readily convertible to cash. Accordingly, the Company may be required from time to time to rely on secondary sources of liquidity to meet loan, lease and deposit withdrawal demands or otherwise fund operations. Such secondary sources include FHLB advances, secured and unsecured federal funds lines of credit from correspondent banks and FRB borrowings.

At December 31, 2008 the Company had substantial unused borrowing availability. This availability was primarily comprised of the following four options: (1) $244 million of available blanket borrowing capacity with the FHLB, (2) $293 million of investment securities available to pledge for federal funds or other borrowings, (3) $17 million of available unsecured federal funds borrowing lines and (4) up to $190 million of available borrowing capacity from borrowing programs of the FRB.

The Company anticipates it will continue to rely primarily on deposits, loan and lease repayments and repayments of its investment securities to provide liquidity. Additionally, where necessary, the sources of borrowed funds described above will be used to augment the Company’s primary funding sources.

Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 and FDIC Temporary Liquidity Guaranty Program. On October 3, 2008, Congress passed, and the President signed into law, the EESA. The EESA, among other things, included a provision for an increase in the amount of deposits insured by the FDIC from $100,000 to $250,000 until December 2009.

On October 14, 2008, the FDIC announced a new program – the Temporary Liquidity Guaranty Program (“TLGP”) that both provides unlimited deposit insurance on certain transaction accounts and provides a guarantee of newly issued senior unsecured debt. The Bank has elected to participate in both aspects of the TLGP.

The unlimited deposit insurance covers funds to the extent such funds are not otherwise covered by the existing deposit insurance limit of $250,000 in (i) non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts and (ii) certain interest bearing transaction deposit accounts where the participating institution agrees to pay interest on such deposits at a rate not to exceed 50 bps. Such covered transaction accounts are insured through December 31, 2009 at a 10 bps fee on deposit amounts in excess of $250,000.

The guarantee of newly issued senior unsecured debt covers such debt issued by the Bank on or before June 30, 2009. Debt guaranteed under the program covers all newly issued senior unsecured debt, including: promissory notes, commercial paper, inter-bank funding, and any unsecured portion of secured debt, but specifically excludes 30-day or less federal funds purchased. The aggregate coverage for an institution may not exceed the greater of (i) 125% of the debt outstanding on September 30, 2008 that was scheduled to mature before June 30, 2009 or (ii) 2% of total consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2008. The guarantee of any newly issued senior unsecured debt expires on June 30, 2012, even if the maturity of the debt is after that date. Such unsecured debt is guaranteed at a fee ranging from 50 bps to 100 bps determined by the maturity date of such debt. The Bank’s debt guarantee limit is approximately $56 million under the senior unsecured debt portion of the TLGP. At December 31, 2008, the Bank had issued no guaranteed debt under this program and has no current plan to issue any such guaranteed debt.

Sources And Uses of Funds. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $46.3 million, $42.7 million and $22.6 million, respectively, for 2008, 2007 and 2006. Net cash provided by operating activities is comprised primarily of net income, adjusted for certain non-cash items and for changes in operating assets and liabilities.

Net cash used by investing activities was $493.4 million in 2008, $190.6 million in 2007 and $384.7 million in 2006. The Company’s primary uses of cash for investing activities include net loan and lease fundings, which used $174.0 million, $207.0 million and $306.6 million, respectively, in 2008, 2007 and 2006, purchases of premises and equipment in conjunction with its growth and de novo branching strategy, which used $27.9 million, $18.8 million and $31.0 million, respectively, in 2008, 2007 and 2006 and net activity in its investment securities portfolio, which used $303.4 million in 2008, provided $26.5 million in 2007 and used $47.0 million in 2006.

 

34


Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $440.6 million, $152.7 million and $364.2 million, respectively, for 2008, 2007 and 2006. The Company’s primary financing activities include net increases in deposit accounts, which provided $284.4 million, $12.0 million and $453.5 million, respectively, in 2008, 2007 and 2006, and net proceeds from or repayments of other borrowings and repurchase agreements with customers, which provided $89.2 million in 2008, provided $147.0 million in 2007 and used $104.9 million in 2006. In addition the Company paid common stock cash dividends of $8.4 million, $7.2 million and $6.7 million, respectively, in 2008, 2007 and 2006. The Company’s financing activities for 2008 were impacted by $75.0 million of proceeds received from the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock and the Warrant in connection with the Company’s participation in the Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program. Financing activities for 2006 were impacted by $20.6 million of proceeds received from the issuance of subordinated debentures.

Contractual Obligations. The following table presents, as of December 31, 2008, significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations to third parties by contractual date with no consideration given to earlier call or prepayment features. Other obligations consist primarily of contractual obligations for capital expenditures and various other contractual obligations.

Contractual Obligations

 

     1 Year
or
Less
   Over 1
Through
3 Years
   Over 3
Through
5 Years
   Over 5
Years
   Total
     (Dollars in thousands)

Time deposits(1)

   $ 1,330,518    $ 27,971    $ 2,131    $ 28    $ 1,360,648

Deposits without a stated maturity(2)

     1,038,425      —        —        —        1,038,425

Repurchase agreements with customers(1)

     46,864      —        —        —        46,864

Other borrowings(1)

     75,014      83,428      21,693      320,823      500,958

Subordinated debentures(1)

     3,665      6,424      6,433      123,256      139,778

Lease obligations

     395      527      440      2,030      3,392

Other obligations

     22,449      —        —        —        22,449
                                  

Total contractual obligations

   $ 2,517,330    $ 118,350    $ 30,697    $ 446,137    $ 3,112,514
                                  

 

(1) Includes unpaid interest through the contractual maturity on both fixed and variable rate obligations. The interest associated with variable rate obligations is based upon interest rates in effect at December 31, 2008. The contractual amounts to be paid on variable rate obligations are affected by changes in market rates. Future changes in market interest rates could materially affect the contractual amounts to be paid.

 

(2) Includes interest accrued and unpaid through December 31, 2008.

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments. The following table details the amounts and expected maturities of significant off-balance sheet commitments as of December 31, 2008. Commitments to extend credit do not necessarily represent future cash requirements as these commitments may expire without being drawn.

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

 

     1 Year
or
Less
   Over 1
Through
3 Years
   Over 3
Through
5 Years
   Over 5
Years
   Total
     (Dollars in thousands)

Commitments to extend credit(1)

   $ 126,539    $ 219,571    $ 3,939    $ 4,106    $ 354,155

Standby letters of credit

     10,009      283      9      —        10,301
                                  

Total commitments

   $ 136,548    $ 219,854    $ 3,948    $ 4,106    $ 364,456
                                  

 

(1) Includes commitments to extend credit under mortgage interest rate locks of $15.0 million that expire in one year or less.

Growth and Expansion

During 2008 the Company added a new banking office in Lewisville, Texas, opened its new corporate headquarters in Little Rock, Arkansas, closed a Little Rock banking office in a Wal-Mart Supercenter located near its new corporate headquarters, and consolidated its Little Rock loan production office into its new corporate headquarters. During 2007 the Company added three new Arkansas banking offices, including offices in Hot Springs, Fayetteville and Rogers, and replaced a temporary office in Frisco, Texas with a new permanent facility. At December 31, 2008, the Company conducted banking operations through 72 offices including 65 Arkansas banking offices, six Texas banking offices and a loan production office in Charlotte, North Carolina.

 

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The Company expects to continue its growth and de novo branching strategy. During 2009 the Company expects to add approximately two new banking offices and its new operations facility in Ozark, Arkansas. Opening new offices is subject to availability of suitable sites, hiring qualified personnel, obtaining regulatory and other approvals and many other conditions and contingencies that the Company cannot predict with certainty. The Company may increase or decrease its expected number of new offices as a result of a variety of factors including the Company’s financial results, changes in economic or competitive conditions, strategic opportunities or other factors.

During 2008 the Company spent $27.9 million on capital expenditures for premises and equipment. The Company’s capital expenditures for 2009 are expected to be in the range of $7 to $13 million, including progress payments on construction projects expected to be completed in 2009 or 2010, furniture and equipment costs, and acquisition of sites for future development. Actual expenditures may vary significantly from those expected, depending on the number and cost of additional branch offices constructed and sites acquired for future development, progress or delays encountered on ongoing and new construction projects, delays in or inability to obtain required approvals and other factors.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses and determination of the fair value of its investment securities portfolio involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity than its other significant accounting policies discussed in Note 1 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Accordingly, the Company considers the determination of the adequancy of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the determination of the fair value of its investment securities portfolio to be critical accounting policies.

Provisions to and the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses are determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114 and SFAS No. 5, and are based on the Company’s evaluation of the loan and lease portfolio utilizing objective and subjective criteria as described in this report. See the “Analysis of Financial Condition” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis for a detailed discussion of the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses. Changes in the criteria used in this evaluation or the availability of new information could cause the allowance to be increased or decreased in future periods. In addition bank regulatory agencies, as part of their examination process, may require adjustments to the allowance for loan and lease losses based on their judgments and estimates.

The Company has classified all of its investment securities as AFS. Accordingly, its investment securities are stated at estimated fair value in the consolidated financial statements with unrealized gains and losses, net of related income taxes, reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity and any related changes are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

The Company utilizes an independent third party as its principal pricing source for determining fair value of its investment securities. For investment securities traded in an active market, the fair values are based on quoted market prices if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on market prices for comparable securities, broker quotes or comprehensive interest rate tables and pricing matrices. For investment securities traded in a market that is not active, fair value is determined using unobservable inputs or value drivers and is generally determined using expected cash flows and appropriate risk-adjusted discount rates. Expected cash flows are based primarily on the contractual cash flows of the instrument. The risk-adjusted discount rate is typically the contractual coupon rate of the instrument on the measurement date, adjusted for changes in interest rate spreads of the yields on comparable corporate or municipal bonds and the yields on U.S. Treasuries between the date of purchase and the measurement date.

The fair values of the Company’s investment securities traded in both active and inactive markets can be volatile and may be influenced by a number of factors including market interest rates, prepayment speeds, discount rates, credit quality of the issuer, general market conditions including market liquidity conditions and other factors. Factors and conditions are constantly changing and fair values could be subject to material variations that may significantly impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of certain recently issued accounting pronouncements.

 

36


Forward-Looking Information

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, other filings made by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission and other oral and written statements or reports by the Company and its management include certain forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements about economic, housing market, competitive and interest rate conditions, plans, goals, beliefs, expectations and outlook for revenue growth, net income and earnings per share, net interest margin, net interest income, non-interest income, including service charges on deposit accounts, mortgage lending and trust income, gains (losses) on investment securities and sales of other assets, non-interest expense, including the cost of opening new offices, achieving positive operating leverage by growing revenue at a faster rate than non-interest expense, efficiency ratio, anticipated future operating results and financial performance, asset quality, including the effects of current economic and housing market conditions, nonperforming loans and leases, nonperforming assets, net charge-offs, past due loans and leases, interest rate sensitivity, including the effects of possible interest rate changes, future growth and expansion opportunities including plans for opening new offices, opportunities and goals for future market share growth, expected capital expenditures, loan, lease and deposit growth, changes in the volume, yield and value of the Company’s investment securities portfolio, availability of unused borrowings and other similar forecasts and statements of expectation. Words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “look,” “seek,” “may,” “will,” “trend,” “target,” “goal,” and similar expressions, as they relate to the Company or its management, identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements made by the Company and its management are based on estimates, projections, beliefs, plans and assumptions of management at the time of such statements and are not guarantees of future performance. The Company disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement based on the occurrence of future events, the receipt of new information or otherwise.

Actual future performance, outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements made by the Company and its management due to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Certain factors that may affect operating results of the Company include, but are not limited to, potential delays or other problems in implementing the Company’s growth and expansion strategy including delays in identifying satisfactory sites, hiring qualified personnel, obtaining regulatory or other approvals, obtaining permits and designing, constructing and opening new offices; the ability to attract new deposits, loans and leases; the ability to generate future revenue growth or to control future growth in non-interest expense; interest rate fluctuations, including continued interest rate changes and/or changes in the yield curve between short-term and long-term interest rates; competitive factors and pricing pressures, including their effect on the Company’s net interest margin; general economic, unemployment, credit market and housing market conditions, including their effect on the creditworthiness of borrowers and lessees, collateral values and the value of investment securities; changes in legal and regulatory requirements; recently enacted and potential legislation including legislation intended to stabilize economic conditions and credit markets and legislation intended to protect homeowners; adoption of new accounting standards or changes in existing standards; and adverse results in future litigation as well as other factors described in this and other Company reports and statements. Should one or more of the foregoing risks materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results or outcomes may vary materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

 

37


Summary of Quarterly Results of

Operations, Market Prices of Common Stock and Dividends

Unaudited

 

     2008 - Three Months Ended
     Mar. 31    June 30    Sept. 30    Dec. 31
     (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Total interest income

   $ 44,820    $ 45,672    $ 45,030    $ 47,481

Total interest expense

     23,069      22,069      20,414      18,750
                           

Net interest income

     21,751      23,603      24,616      28,731

Provision for loan and lease losses

     3,325      4,000      3,400      8,300

Non-interest income

     5,125      5,557      4,871      3,796

Non-interest expense

     12,881      13,442      13,821      14,254

Income taxes

     2,905      3,111      3,255      655

Preferred stock dividends and amortization of preferred stock discount

     —        —        —        227
                           

Net income available to common stockholders

   $ 7,765    $ 8,607    $ 9,011    $ 9,091
                           

Per common share:

           

Earnings - diluted

   $ 0.46    $ 0.51    $ 0.53    $ 0.54

Cash dividends

     0.12      0.12      0.13      0.13

Bid price per common share:

           

Low

   $ 19.61    $ 14.86    $ 14.14    $ 20.85

High

     26.18      26.33      30.94      32.36
     2007 - Three Months Ended
     Mar. 31    June 30    Sept. 30    Dec. 31
     (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Total interest income

   $ 42,828    $ 44,128    $ 44,917    $ 45,096

Total interest expense

     24,579      24,837      25,246      24,690
                           

Net interest income

     18,249      19,291      19,671      20,406

Provision for loan and lease losses

     1,100      1,250      1,100      2,700

Non-interest income

     5,959      5,623      5,419      5,975

Non-interest expense

     12,138      11,876      11,732      12,507

Income taxes

     3,449      3,702      3,856      3,437
                           

Net income available to common stockholders

   $ 7,521    $ 8,086    $ 8,402    $ 7,737
                           

Per common share:

           

Earnings - diluted

   $ 0.45    $ 0.48    $ 0.50    $ 0.46

Cash dividends

     0.10      0.10      0.11      0.12

Bid price per common share:

           

Low

   $ 28.55    $ 27.53    $ 26.79    $ 26.11

High

     32.67      30.68      33.48      33.00

See Note 15 to Consolidated Financial Statements for discussion of dividend restrictions.

 

38


Company Performance

The graph below shows a comparison for the period commencing December 31, 2003 through December 31, 2008 of the cumulative total stockholder returns (assuming reinvestment of dividends) for the common stock of the Company, the S&P Smallcap Index and the NASDAQ Financial Index, assuming a $100 investment on December 31, 2003.

LOGO

 

     12/31/2003    12/31/2004    12/31/2005    12/31/2006    12/31/2007    12/31/2008

OZRK (Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.)

   $ 100    $ 153    $ 168    $ 152    $ 122    $ 141

SML (S&P Smallcap Index)

   $ 100    $ 123    $ 132    $ 152    $ 152    $ 104

NDF (NASDAQ Financial Index)

   $ 100    $ 115    $ 118    $ 135    $ 125    $ 89

 

39


Report of Management on the Company’s

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

February 20, 2009

Management of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and that receipts and expenditures are made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.

Management of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc., including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer, has assessed the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in “Internal Control—Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008, based on the specified criteria.

The effectiveness of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting has been audited by Crowe Horwath LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.

 

LOGO    LOGO
George Gleason    Paul Moore
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer    Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer

 

40


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Shareholders

Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.

We have audited Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Report of Management on the Company’s Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. as of December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008, and our report dated February 20, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

LOGO

Brentwood, Tennessee

February 20, 2009

 

41


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Shareholders

Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. at December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 20, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

LOGO

Brentwood, Tennessee

February 20, 2009

 

42


Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  
     (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)  
ASSETS     

Cash and due from banks

   $ 40,665     $ 47,192  

Interest earning deposits

     317       329  
                

Cash and cash equivalents

     40,982       47,521  

Investment securities - available for sale (“AFS”)

     944,783       578,348  

Loans and leases

     2,021,199       1,871,135  

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     (29,512 )     (19,557 )
                

Net loans and leases

     1,991,687       1,851,578  

Premises and equipment, net

     152,586       130,048  

Foreclosed assets held for sale, net

     10,758       3,112  

Accrued interest receivable

     18,877       17,420  

Bank owned life insurance

     46,384       46,148  

Intangible assets, net

     5,664       5,877  

Other, net

     21,582       30,823  
                

Total assets

   $ 3,233,303     $ 2,710,875  
                
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

Deposits:

    

Demand non-interest bearing

   $ 185,613     $ 162,995  

Savings and interest bearing transaction

     852,656       516,312  

Time

     1,303,145       1,377,754  
                

Total deposits

     2,341,414       2,057,061  

Repurchase agreements with customers

     46,864       46,086  

Other borrowings

     424,947       336,533  

Subordinated debentures

     64,950       64,950  

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

     27,525       11,984  
                

Total liabilities

     2,905,700       2,516,614  
                

Minority interest

     3,421       3,432  

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock; $0.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized:

    

Series A fixed rate cumulative perpetual; liquidation preference of $1,000 per share; 75,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008; no shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007

     71,880       —    

Common stock; $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 16,864,140 and 16,818,240 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     169       168  

Additional paid-in capital

     43,314       38,613  

Retained earnings

     193,195       167,139  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     15,624       (15,091 )
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     324,182       190,829  
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 3,233,303     $ 2,710,875  
                

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

43


Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007    2006  
     (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)  

Interest income:

       

Loans and leases

   $ 141,726     $ 145,669    $ 121,462  

Investment securities:

       

Taxable

     21,858       24,775      25,346  

Tax-exempt

     19,406       6,507      8,380  

Deposits with banks and federal funds sold

     13       19      10  
                       

Total interest income

     183,003       176,970      155,198  
                       

Interest expense:

       

Deposits

     64,171       83,140      65,345  

Repurchase agreements with customers

     796       1,603      1,312  

Other borrowings

     15,574       9,543      13,953  

Subordinated debentures

     3,761       5,066      3,868  
                       

Total interest expense

     84,302       99,352      84,478  
                       

Net interest income

     98,701       77,618      70,720  

Provision for loan and lease losses

     19,025       6,150      2,450  
                       

Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses

     79,676       71,468      68,270  
                       

Non-interest income:

       

Service charges on deposit accounts

     12,007       12,193      10,217  

Mortgage lending income

     2,215       2,668      2,918  

Trust income

     2,595       2,223      1,947  

Bank owned life insurance income

     4,131       1,919      1,832  

(Losses) gains on investment securities

     (3,433 )     520      3,917  

(Losses) gains on sales of other assets

     (544 )     487      (90 )

Other

     2,378       2,965      2,490  
                       

Total non-interest income

     19,349       22,975      23,231  
                       

Non-interest expense:

       

Salaries and employee benefits

     30,132       28,661      27,506  

Net occupancy and equipment

     8,882       8,098      7,030  

Other operating expenses

     15,384       11,493      11,854  
                       

Total non-interest expense

     54,398       48,252      46,390  
                       

Income before taxes

     44,627       46,191      45,111  

Provision for income taxes

     9,926       14,445      13,418  
                       

Net income

     34,701       31,746      31,693  

Preferred stock dividends and amortization of preferred stock discount

     227       —        —    
                       

Net income available to common stockholders

   $ 34,474     $ 31,746    $ 31,693  
                       

Basic earnings per common share

   $ 2.05     $ 1.89    $ 1.90  
                       

Diluted earnings per common share

   $ 2.04     $ 1.89    $ 1.89  
                       

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

44


Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

     Preferred
Stock—
Series A
   Common
Stock
   Additional
Paid-In
Capital
   Retained
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Total  
     (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)  

Balances - January 1, 2006

   $ —      $ 167    $ 34,210    $ 117,600     $ (2,574 )   $ 149,403  

Comprehensive income:

               

Net income

     —        —        —        31,693       —         31,693  

Other comprehensive income (loss):

               

Unrealized gains/losses on investment securities AFS, net of $21 tax effect

     —        —        —        —         32       32  

Reclassification adjustment for gains/losses included in income, net of $1,537 tax effect

     —        —        —        —         (2,380 )     (2,380 )
                     

Total comprehensive income

                  29,345  
                     

Dividends paid, $0.40 per common share

     —        —        —        (6,684 )     —         (6,684 )

Issuance of 81,900 shares of common stock on exercise of stock options

     —        —        824      —         —         824  

Tax benefit on exercise of stock options

     —        —        880      —         —         880  

Compensation expense under stock-based compensation plans

     —        —        865      —         —         865  
                                             

Balances - December 31, 2006

     —        167      36,779      142,609       (4,922 )     174,633  

Comprehensive income:

               

Net income

     —        —        —        31,746       —         31,746  

Other comprehensive income (loss):

               

Unrealized gains/losses on investment securities AFS, net of $6,359 tax effect

     —        —        —        —         (9,853 )     (9,853 )

Reclassification adjustment for gains/losses included in income, net of $204 tax effect

     —        —        —        —         (316 )     (316 )
                     

Total comprehensive income

                  21,577  
                     

Dividends paid, $0.43 per common share

     —        —        —        (7,216 )     —         (7,216 )

Issuance of 71,700 shares of common stock on exercise of stock options

     —        1      545      —         —         546  

Tax benefit on exercise of stock options

     —        —        420      —         —         420  

Compensation expense under stock-based compensation plans

     —        —        869      —         —         869  
                                             

Balances - December 31, 2007

     —        168      38,613      167,139       (15,091 )     190,829  

Comprehensive income:

               

Net income

     —        —        —        34,701       —         34,701  

Other comprehensive income (loss):

               

Unrealized gains/losses on investment securities AFS, net of $18,478 tax effect

     —        —        —        —         28,628       28,628  

Reclassification adjustment for gains/losses included in income, net of $1,346 tax effect

     —        —        —        —         2,087       2,087  
                     

Total comprehensive income

                  65,416  
                     

Dividends paid, $0.50 per common share

     —        —        —        (8,418 )     —         (8,418 )

Issuance of 75,000 shares of preferred stock and a warrant for 379,811 shares of common stock

     71,851      —        3,149      —         —         75,000  

Preferred stock dividends

     —        —        —        (198 )     —         (198 )

Amortization of preferred stock discount

     29      —        —        (29 )     —         —    

Issuance of 45,900 shares of common stock on exercise of stock options

     —        1      407      —         —         408  

Tax benefit on exercise of stock options

     —        —        283      —         —         283  

Compensation expense under stock-based compensation plans

     —        —        862      —         —         862  
                                             

Balances - December 31, 2008

   $ 71,880    $ 169    $ 43,314    $ 193,195     $ 15,624     $ 324,182  
                                             

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

45


Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 34,701     $ 31,746     $ 31,693  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation

     3,552       3,286       3,024  

Amortization

     214       262       262  

Provision for loan and lease losses

     19,025       6,150       2,450  

Provision for losses on foreclosed assets

     1,042       122       75  

Net accretion of investment securities

     (1,008 )     (900 )     (1,159 )

Losses (gains) on investment securities

     3,433       (520 )     (3,917 )

Originations of mortgage loans for sale

     (127,822 )     (161,223 )     (173,689 )

Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans for sale

     127,873       163,296       170,485  

Losses (gains) on dispositions of premises and equipment and other assets

     544       (487 )     90  

Deferred income tax benefit

     (6,146 )     (1,057 )     (352 )

Increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”)

     (1,984 )     (1,919 )     (1,832 )

Tax benefits on exercise of stock options

     (283 )     (420 )     (880 )

Compensation expense under stock-based compensation plans

     862       869       865  

BOLI death benefits in excess of cash surrender value

     (2,147 )     —         —    

Changes in other assets and liabilities:

      

Accrued interest receivable

     (1,392 )     (36 )     (3,583 )

Other assets, net

     (3,473 )     88       (3,014 )

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

     (711 )     3,413       2,098  
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     46,280       42,670       22,616  
                        

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Proceeds from sales of investment securities AFS

     13,588       56,240       157,954  

Proceeds from maturities of investment securities AFS

     1,642,437       40,383       51,469  

Purchases of investment securities AFS

     (1,959,464 )     (70,153 )     (256,389 )

Net increase in loans and leases

     (173,987 )     (206,969 )     (306,556 )

Purchases of premises and equipment

     (27,901 )     (18,848 )     (31,017 )

Proceeds from disposition of premises and equipment and other assets

     8,186       6,949       1,561  

Proceeds from BOLI death benefits

     3,894       —         —    

Cash (paid for) received from interests in unconsolidated investments

     (192 )     1,839       (1,704 )
                        

Net cash used by investing activities

     (493,439 )     (190,559 )     (384,682 )
                        

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Net increase in deposits

     284,353       11,969       453,450  

Net proceeds from (repayments of) other borrowings

     88,414       141,872       (110,205 )

Net increase in repurchase agreements with customers

     778       5,085       5,330  

Proceeds from issuance of subordinated debentures

     —         —         20,619  

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     408       546       824  

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and common stock warrant

     75,000       —         —    

Tax benefits on exercise of stock options

     283       420       880  

Cash dividends paid on common stock

     (8,418 )     (7,216 )     (6,684 )

Preferred stock dividends

     (198 )     —         —    
                        

Net cash provided by financing activities

     440,620       152,676       364,214  
                        

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

     (6,539 )     4,787       2,148  

Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of year

     47,521       42,734       40,586  
                        

Cash and cash equivalents - end of year

   $ 40,982     $ 47,521     $ 42,734  
                        

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

46


Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization - Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. (the “Company”) is a bank holding company headquartered in Little Rock, Arkansas, which operates under the rules and regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The Company owns a wholly-owned state chartered bank subsidiary - Bank of the Ozarks (the “Bank”), four 100%-owned finance subsidiary business trusts - Ozark Capital Statutory Trust II (“Ozark II”), Ozark Capital Statutory Trust III (“Ozark III”), Ozark Capital Statutory Trust IV (“Ozark IV”) and Ozark Capital Statutory Trust V (“Ozark V”) (collectively, the “Trusts”) and, indirectly through the Bank, a subsidiary engaged in the development of real estate. The Bank is subject to the regulation of certain federal and state agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities. The Bank has banking offices located in northern, western, and central Arkansas, Frisco, Lewisville, Dallas and Texarkana, Texas and a loan production office in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Basis of presentation, use of estimates and principles of consolidation - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Bank and the real estate investment subsidiary. Significant intercompany transactions and amounts have been eliminated.

Subsidiaries in which the Company has majority voting interest (principally defined as owning a voting or economic interest greater than 50%) or where the Company exercises control over the operating and financial policies of the subsidiary through an operating agreement or other means are consolidated. Investments in companies in which the Company has significant influence over voting and financing decisions (principally defined as owning a voting or economic interest of 20% to 50%) and investments in limited partnerships and limited liability companies where the Company does not exercise control over the operating and financial policies are generally accounted for by the equity method of accounting. Investments in limited partnerships and limited liability companies in which the Company’s interest is so minor such that it has virtually no influence over operating and financial policies are generally accounted for by the cost method of accounting.

The voting interest approach is not applicable for entities that are not controlled through voting interests or in which the equity investors do not bear the residual economic risk. In such instances, Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46 (Revised) (“FIN 46R”), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” provides guidance on when the assets, liabilities and activities of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) should be included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The provisions of FIN 46R require a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is considered the primary beneficiary of the VIE’s activities. The Company has determined that the 100%-owned finance subsidiary Trusts are VIEs, but that the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the Trusts. Accordingly, the Company does not consolidate the activities of the Trusts into its financial statements, but instead reports its ownership interests in the Trusts as other assets and reports the subordinated debentures as a liability in the consolidated balance sheets. The distributions on the subordinated debentures are reported as interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.

Cash and cash equivalents - For cash flow purposes, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks.

Investment securities - Management determines the appropriate classification of investment securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company has classified all of its investment securities as available for sale (“AFS”).

AFS investment securities are stated at estimated fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses determined on a specific identification basis. Such unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity and included in other comprehensive income (loss). The Company utilizes an independent third party as its principal pricing source for determining fair value. For investment securities traded in an active market, fair values are measured on a recurring basis obtained from an independent pricing service and based on quoted market prices if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable securities, broker quotes or comprehensive interest rate tables and pricing matrices. For investment securities traded in a market that is not active, fair value is determined using unobservable inputs or value drivers and is generally determined using expected cash flows and appropriate risk-adjusted discount rates. Expected cash flows are based

 

47


primarily on the contractual cash flows of the instrument, and the risk-adjusted discount rate is typically the contractual coupon rate of the instrument on the measurement date, adjusted for changes in interest rate spreads of the yields on comparable corporate or municipal bonds and the yields on U.S. Treasuries between the date of purchase and the measurement date.

The Company owned stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas (“FHLB”) and the Arkansas Bankers’ Bancorporation, Inc. (“ABB”) at December 31, 2007. Effective November 30, 2008 the ABB was acquired by and merged into the First National Banker’s Bankshares, Inc. (“FNBB”) via a tax-free exchange of stock. Accordingly, at December 31, 2008, the Company owned stock in FHLB and FNBB. The FHLB, ABB and FNBB shares do not have readily determinable fair values and are carried at cost.

Declines in the fair value of investment securities below their cost are reviewed by the Company for other-than-temporary impairment. Factors considered during such review include the length of time and extent that fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment security for a period sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

Interest and dividends on investment securities, including the amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts through maturity, or in the case of mortgage-backed securities, over the estimated life of the security, are included in interest income. Realized gains or losses on the sale of investment securities are recognized on the specific identification method at the time of sale and are included in non-interest income. Purchases and sales of investment securities are recognized on a trade-date basis.

Loans and leases - Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at their outstanding principal balance adjusted for any charge-offs, deferred fees or costs on originated loans, and unamortized premiums or discounts on purchased loans. Interest on loans is recognized on an accrual basis and is calculated using the simple interest method on daily balances of the principal amount outstanding. Loan origination fees and costs are generally deferred and recognized as an adjustment to yield on the related loan.

Leases are classified as either direct financing leases or operating leases, based on the terms of the agreement. Direct financing leases are reported as the sum of (i) total future lease payments to be received, net of unearned income, and (ii) estimated residual value of the leased property. Operating leases are recorded at the cost of the leased property, net of accumulated depreciation. Income on direct financing leases is included in interest income and is recognized on a basis that achieves a constant periodic rate of return on the outstanding investment. Income on operating leases is recognized as non-interest income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they are funded. Related fees are generally recognized when collected.

Mortgage loans held for sale are included in the Company’s loans and leases and totaled $5.7 million and $5.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008 and 2007. Mortgage loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Gains and losses from the sales of mortgage loans are the difference between the selling price of the loan and its carrying value, net of discounts and points, and are recognized as mortgage lending income when the loan is sold to investors and servicing rights are released.

As part of its standard mortgage lending practice, the Company issues a written put option, in the form of an interest rate lock commitment (“IRLC”), such that the interest rate on the mortgage loan is established prior to funding. In addition to the IRLC, the Company also enters into a forward sale commitment (“FSC”) for the sale of its mortgage loans originations to reduce its market risk on such originations in process. The IRLC on mortgage loans held for sale and the FSC have been determined to be derivatives as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended. Accordingly, the fair values of derivative assets and liabilities for the Company’s IRLC and FSC are based primarily on the fluctuation of interest rates between the date on which the IRLC and FSC were entered and year-end. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had recorded IRLC and FSC derivative assets of $477,000 and $80,000, respectively, and had recorded corresponding derivative liabilities of $477,000 and $80,000, respectively. The notional amounts of loan commitments under both the IRLC and FSC were $15.0 million and $8.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008 and 2007.

Allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) - The ALLL is established through a provision for such losses charged against income. All or portions of loans or leases deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the ALLL when management believes that collectibility of all or some portion of outstanding principal is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries, if any, of loans or leases previously charged off are credited to the ALLL.

 

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The ALLL is maintained at a level management believes will be adequate to absorb losses inherent in existing loans and leases. Provision to and the adequacy of the ALLL are determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” and SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” and are based on evaluations of the loan and lease portfolio utilizing objective and subjective criteria. The objective criteria primarily include an internal grading system and specific allowances determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114. The Company also utilizes a peer group analysis and an historical analysis in an effort to validate the overall adequacy of its ALLL. The subjective criteria take into consideration such factors as the nature, mix and volume of the portfolio, overall portfolio quality, review of specific problem loans and leases, national, regional and local business and economic conditions that may affect the borrowers’ or lessees’ ability to pay, the value of collateral securing the loans and leases and other relevant factors. Changes in any of these criteria or the availability of new information could require adjustment of the ALLL in future periods. While a specific allowance has been calculated under SFAS No. 114 for impaired loans and leases and loans and leases where the Company has otherwise determined a specific reserve is appropriate, no portion of the Company’s ALLL is restricted to any individual loan or lease or group of loans or leases, and the entire ALLL is available to absorb losses from any and all loans and leases.

The Company’s policy generally is to place a loan or lease on nonaccrual status when payment of principal or interest is contractually past due 90 days, or earlier when concern exists as to the ultimate collection of principal and interest. Nonaccrual loans or leases are generally returned to accrual status when principal and interest payments are less than 90 days past due and the Company reasonably expects to collect all principal and interest. The Company may continue to accrue interest on certain loans and leases contractually past due 90 days if such loans or leases are both well secured and in the process of collection.

All loans and leases deemed to be impaired are evaluated individually in accordance with SFAS No. 114. The Company considers a loan or lease to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms thereof. Many of the Company’s nonaccrual loans or leases and all loans or leases that have been restructured from their original contractual terms are considered impaired. The majority of the Company’s impaired loans and leases are dependent upon collateral for repayment. Accordingly, impairment is generally measured by comparing collateral value, net of holding and selling costs, to the current investment in the loan or lease. For all other impaired loans and leases, the Company compares estimated discounted cash flows to the current investment in the loan or lease. To the extent that the Company’s current investment in a particular loan or lease exceeds its estimated net collateral value or its estimated discounted cash flows, the impaired amount is specifically considered in the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses, or is immediately charged off as a reduction of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

For certain loans and leases not considered impaired where (i) the customer is continuing to make regular payments, although payments may be past due, (ii) there is a reasonable basis to believe the customer may continue to make regular payments, although there is also an elevated risk that the customer may default, and (iii) the collateral or other repayment sources are likely to be insufficient to recover the current investment in the loan if a default occurs, the Company evaluates such loans and leases to determine whether a specific reserve is needed for the loan or lease. For the purpose of calculating the amount of the specific reserve appropriate for any loan or lease, management uses the methodology that is substantially the same as the methodology used to calculate the impaired amount of loans and leases in accordance with SFAS No. 114 and assumes that (i) no further regular payments occur and (ii) all sums recovered will come from liquidation of collateral and collection efforts from other payment sources. To the extent that the Company’s current investment in a particular loan or lease evaluated for the need for a specific reserve exceeds its net collateral value or its estimated discounted cash flows, such excess is considered a specific reserve for purposes of the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

The accrual of interest on loans and leases is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, the borrower or lessee may be unable to meet payments as they become due. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received.

Premises and equipment - Premises and equipment are reported at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Depreciable lives for the major classes of assets are generally 45 years for buildings and 3 to 25 years for furniture, fixtures, equipment and certain building improvements. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the asset’s estimated useful life or the term of the lease. Accelerated depreciation methods are used for income tax purposes. Maintenance and repair charges are expensed as incurred.

 

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Foreclosed assets held for sale - Repossessed personal properties and real estate acquired through or in lieu of foreclosure are initially recorded at the lesser of current principal investment or fair value less estimated cost to sell at the date of repossession or foreclosure. Valuations of these assets are periodically reviewed by management with the carrying value of such assets adjusted through non-interest expense to the then estimated fair value net of estimated selling costs, if lower, until disposition. Gains and losses from the sale of repossessions, foreclosed assets and other real estate are recorded in non-interest income, and expenses to maintain the properties are included in non-interest expense.

Income taxes - The Company utilizes the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon the difference between the values of the assets and liabilities as reflected in the financial statements and their related tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year or years in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.

The Company adopted FASB Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” as of January 1, 2007. A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded.

The Company files consolidated tax returns. The Bank and the other consolidated entities provide for income taxes on a separate return basis and remit to the Company amounts determined to be currently payable. The Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) - BOLI consists of life insurance purchased by the Company on a qualifying group of officers with the Company designated as owner and beneficiary of the policies. The earnings on BOLI policies are used to offset a portion of employee benefit costs. BOLI is carried at the policies’ realizable cash surrender values with changes in cash surrender values and death benefits received in excess of cash surrender value reported in non-interest income.

Intangible assets - Intangible assets consist of goodwill, bank charter costs and core deposit intangibles. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business acquisitions. The Company had goodwill of $5.2 million at both December 31, 2008 and 2007. As required by SFAS No. 142, the Company performed its annual impairment test of goodwill as of October 1, 2008. This test indicated no impairment of the Company’s goodwill.

Bank charter costs represent costs paid to acquire a Texas bank charter and are being amortized over 20 years. Bank charter costs totaled $239,000 at both December 31, 2008 and 2007, less accumulated amortization of $58,000 and $46,000 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Core deposit intangibles represent premiums paid for deposits acquired via acquisition and are being amortized over 8 to 10 years. Core deposit intangibles totaled $2.3 million at both December 31, 2008 and 2007, less accumulated amortization of $2.1 million and $1.9 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The aggregate amount of amortization expense for the Company’s core deposit and bank charter intangibles is expected to be $110,000 per year in years 2009 – 2010; $56,000 in 2011; and $12,000 per year in 2012 and 2013.

Earnings per common share - Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing reported earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing reported earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding after consideration of the dilutive effect, if any, of the Company’s common stock options and common stock warrant using the treasury stock method.

Stock-based compensation - The Company has an employee stock option plan and a non-employee director stock option plan, which are described more fully in Note 12. The Company accounts for these stock option plans in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004) (“SFAS No. 123R”) “Share-Based Payment.”

SFAS No. 123R requires entities to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Such cost is to be recognized over the vesting period of the award. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company recognized $862,000, $869,000 and $865,000, respectively, of non-interest expense as a result of applying the provisions of SFAS No. 123R to its stock option plans.

 

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Segment disclosures - SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments and related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. As the Company operates in only one segment – community banking – SFAS No. 131 has no impact on the Company’s financial statements or its disclosure of segment information. No revenues are derived from foreign countries and no single external customer comprises more than 10% of the Company’s revenues.

Recent accounting pronouncements - In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of SFAS No. 133”. SFAS No. 161 amends and expands the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 133 for derivative instruments and hedging activities. SFAS No. 161 requires qualitative disclosure about objectives and strategies for using derivative and hedging instruments, quantitative disclosure about fair value amounts of the instruments and gains and losses on such instruments, as well as disclosures about credit-risk features in derivative agreements. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of ARB No. 51.” SFAS No. 160 was issued to improve the relevance, comparability, and transparency of consolidated financial information relative to noncontrolling, or minority, interest. The provisions of SFAS No. 160 establish accounting and reporting standards that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the noncontrolling owners. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within the fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Management does not expect SFAS No. 160 will have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007) (“SFAS No. 141R”), “Business Combinations.” SFAS No. 141R replaces SFAS No. 141 and was issued to improve the comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about business combinations. The provisions of SFAS No. 141R apply prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Management has determined the provisions of SFAS No. 141R could impact the Company’s accounting for a merger or acquisition in the event an acquisition is made by the Company on or after its effective date.

In December 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 110. SAB No. 110 amends and replaces Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic 14, “Share-Based Payments,” as amended, and expresses the views of the SEC staff regarding the use of a “simplified” method in developing an estimate of expected term of “plain vanilla” share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123R. In particular, SAB No. 110 states that the SEC staff will continue to accept the use of a “simplified” method beyond December 31, 2007 in situations where a company does not have sufficient data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate share option expected term. Management expects to continue to use a “simplified” method, as allowed by SAB No. 110, in developing an estimate of expected term of its options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock until such time as sufficient historical data is available to appropriately measure such expected share option term.

In November 2007, the SEC issued SAB No. 109, which amends and replaces Section DD of Topic 5, “Miscellaneous Accounting.” SAB No. 109 expresses the views of the SEC staff regarding written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings in accordance with SAB No. 105 and SFAS No. 133, as amended. SAB No. 109 requires the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan be included in the measurement of such written loan commitments. The provisions of SAB No. 109 were effective on a prospective basis to derivative loan commitments issued or modified in fiscal quarters beginning after December 15, 2007. The adoption of SAB No. 109 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value with the objective of improving financial reporting. The provisions of SFAS No. 159 provide entities the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

 

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Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurement. According to SFAS No. 157, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company measures certain of its financial assets and liabilities on a fair value basis using various valuation techniques and assumptions, depending on the nature of the financial asset or liability. Additionally, fair value is used either annually or on a non-recurring basis to evaluate certain financial assets and liabilities for impairment or for disclosure purposes. With respect to the disclosure provisions for its nonfinancial assets and liabilities, the Company elected the one-year deferral provision as allowed by FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157.”

Effective October 10, 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 157-3 (“FSP 157-3”), “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active.” FSP 157-3 clarifies the application of SFAS No. 157 in a market that is not active and addresses specific application issues of SFAS No. 157 including (i) how the reporting entity’s own assumptions (expected cash flows and appropriate risk-adjusted discount rates) should be considered when measuring fair value when relevant observable inputs do not exist, (ii) how available observable inputs in a market that is not active should be considered when measuring fair value, and (iii) how the use of market quotes (broker quotes, or pricing services for the same or similar financial assets) should be considered when assessing the relevance of observable and unobservable inputs or value drivers available to measure fair value. The provisions of FSP 157-3 were effective upon its issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements had not been issued.

Reclassifications - Certain reclassifications of 2007 and 2006 amounts have been made to conform with the 2008 financial statements presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on prior years’ net income, as previously reported.

2. Investment Securities

The following is a summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities, all of which are classified as AFS:

 

     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Estimated
Fair Value
     (Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2008:

          

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 517,166    $ 31,753    $ (6,179 )   $ 542,740

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     371,110      3,187      (2,736 )     371,561

Corporate obligations

     6,953      —        —         6,953

FHLB and FNBB(1) stock

     22,846      —        —         22,846

Other securities

     1,000      —        (317 )     683
                            

Total investment securities AFS

   $ 919,075    $ 34,940    $ (9,232 )   $ 944,783
                            

December 31, 2007:

          

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 163,339    $ 3,695    $ (567 )   $ 166,467

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     370,061      —        (25,715 )     344,346

Securities of U.S. Government agencies

     42,029      67      (4 )     42,092

Corporate obligations

     9,953      —        (2,307 )     7,646

FHLB and ABB(1) stock

     16,753      —        —         16,753

Other securities

     1,044      —        —         1,044
                            

Total investment securities AFS

   $ 603,179    $ 3,762    $ (28,593 )   $ 578,348
                            

 

(1) Effective November 30, 2008 the ABB was acquired by and merged into the FNBB.

 

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The following shows gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of investment securities AFS, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:

 

     Less than 12 Months    12 Months or More    Total
     Estimated
Fair Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Unrealized
Losses
     (Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2008:

                 

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 117,686    $ 6,154    $ 2,309    $ 25    $ 119,995    $ 6,179

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     69,765      1,781      80,512      955      150,277      2,736

Other securities

     683      317      —        —        683      317
                                         

Total temporarily impaired securities

   $ 188,134    $ 8,252    $ 82,821    $ 980    $ 270,955    $ 9,232
                                         

December 31, 2007:

                 

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   $ 16,676    $ 308    $ 15,497    $ 259    $ 32,173    $ 567

U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities

     167,457      10,418      176,830      15,297      344,287      25,715

Securities of U.S. Government agencies

     3,972      4      —        —        3,972      4

Corporate obligations

     —        —        7,646      2,307      7,646      2,307
                                         

Total temporarily impaired securities

   $ 188,105    $ 10,730    $ 199,973    $ 17,863    $ 388,078    $ 28,593
                                         

At December 31, 2008, the Company’s investment securities portfolio included a bond issued by SLM Corporation (“Sallie Mae”) with an amortized cost of $10.0 million and an estimated fair value of $7.0 million. During the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company concluded that the Sallie Mae bond was other-than-temporarily impaired and recorded a pretax charge of $3.0 million to reduce the carrying value of this bond to its estimated fair value. In estimating the fair value of this Sallie Mae bond, the Company relied significantly on inputs and value drivers that are unobservable, resulting in Level 3 classification under the provisions of SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. The use of unobservable inputs and value drivers was deemed necessary by management given the trading market for this investment securities was determined to be “not active” based on the limited number of trades, small block sizes, and the significant spreads between the bid and ask price. Accordingly, the Company developed an internal model for pricing the security based on the present value of expected cash flows of the instrument at an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate. In developing the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate, the Company considered the change in interest rate spreads between comparable maturities of similarly rated bonds and U.S. Treasuries between the date of purchase and the measurement date, which spreads increased 690 bps during such period. Additionally, the Company reviewed other information such as historical and current performance of the bond, cash flow projections, liquidity and credit premiums required by market participants, financial trend analysis of Sallie Mae and other factors in determining the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate and expected cash flows. Management determined that the increase in spreads of 690 bps added together with the current coupon rate on the Sallie Mae bond was the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate to apply to the estimated future cash flows, resulting in an estimated fair value of $7.0 million.

In evaluating the Company’s unrealized loss positions for other-than-temporary impairment for the remainder of the investment securities portfolio, management considers the credit quality of the issuer, the nature and cause of the unrealized loss, the severity and duration of the impairments and other factors. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, management determined the unrealized losses were the result of fluctuations in interest rates and did not reflect deteriorations of the credit quality of the investments. Accordingly, management believes that all of its unrealized losses on investment securities are temporary in nature, and the Company has both the ability and intent to hold these investments until maturity or until such time as fair value recovers to amortized cost.

 

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A maturity distribution of investment securities AFS reported at amortized cost and estimated fair value as of December 31, 2008 is as follows:

 

     Amortized
Cost
   Estimated
Fair Value
     (Dollars in thousands)

Due in one year or less

   $ 324,200    $ 326,092

Due after one year to five years

     205,345      212,792

Due after five years to ten years

     92,262      99,444

Due after ten years

     297,268      306,455
             

Total

   $ 919,075    $ 944,783
             

For purposes of this maturity distribution, all investment securities are shown based on their contractual maturity date, except (i) FHLB and FNBB stock with no contractual maturity date are shown in the longest maturity category, (ii) U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities are allocated among various maturities based on an estimated repayment schedule utilizing Bloomberg median prepayment speeds and interest rate levels at December 31, 2008 and (iii) mortgage-backed securities issued by housing authorities of states and political subdivisions are allocated among various maturities based on an estimated repayment schedule projected by management as of December 31, 2008. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Sales activities and other-than-temporary impairment charge of the Company’s investment securities AFS are summarized as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Sales proceeds

   $ 13,588     $ 56,240     $ 157,954  
                        

Gross realized gains

   $ 360     $ 530     $ 3,924  

Gross realized losses

     (777 )     (10 )     (7 )

Other-than-temporary impairment charge

     (3,016 )     —         —    
                        

Net (losses) gains on investment securities

   $ (3,433 )   $ 520     $ 3,917  
                        

Investment securities with carrying values of $596.4 million and $502.8 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, were pledged to secure public funds and trust deposits and for other purposes required or permitted by law.

3. Loans and Leases

The Company maintains a diversified loan and lease portfolio. The following is a summary of the loan and lease portfolio by principal category:

 

     December 31,
     2008    2007
     (Dollars in thousands)

Real estate:

     

Residential 1-4 family

   $ 275,281    $ 279,375

Non-farm/non-residential

     551,821      445,303

Construction/land development

     694,527      684,775

Agricultural

     84,432      91,810

Multifamily residential

     61,668      31,414

Commercial and industrial

     206,058      173,128

Consumer

     75,015      87,867

Direct financing leases

     50,250      53,446

Agricultural (non-real estate)

     19,460      22,439

Other

     2,687      1,578
             

Total loans and leases

   $ 2,021,199    $ 1,871,135
             

The Company’s direct financing leases include estimated residual values of $1.4 million at December 31, 2008 and $1.8 million at December 31, 2007, and are presented net of unearned income totaling $7.0 million and $8.2 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The above table includes deferred costs, net of deferred fees, that totaled $0.6 million and $1.8 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Loans and leases on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued aggregated $15.4 million and $6.6

 

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million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Interest income recorded during 2008, 2007 and 2006 for non-accrual loans and leases at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $0.6 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Under the original terms, these loans and leases would have reported $1.1 million, $0.6 million and $0.5 million of interest income during 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

4. Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (“ALLL”)

The following is a summary of activity within the ALLL:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Balance - beginning of year

   $ 19,557     $ 17,699     $ 17,007  

Loans and leases charged off

     (9,631 )     (4,644 )     (2,065 )

Recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off

     561       352       307  
                        

Net loans and leases charged off

     (9,070 )     (4,292 )     (1,758 )

Provision charged to operating expense

     19,025       6,150       2,450  
                        

Balance - end of year

   $ 29,512     $ 19,557     $ 17,699  
                        

The following is a summary of the Company’s impaired loans and leases:

 

     December 31,
     2008    2007
     (Dollars in thousands)

Impaired loans and leases with an allocated allowance

   $ 3,068    $ 6,726

Impaired loans and leases without an allocated allowance

     9,380      87
             

Total impaired loans and leases(1)

   $ 12,448    $ 6,813
             

Total allowance allocated to impaired loans and leases under SFAS No. 114 calculations

   $ 343    $ 1,066
             

 

(1) At December 31, 2008, $2.9 million of nonaccrual loans and leases were not deemed impaired. At December 31, 2007, all nonaccrual loans and leases were deemed impaired.

The average carrying value of all impaired loans and leases during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $11.9 million and $4.8 million, respectively.

Real estate and other collateral securing loans having a carrying value of $17.3 million, $8.3 million and $1.5 million were transferred to foreclosed assets held for sale in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company is not committed to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been transferred to foreclosed assets.

5. Premises and Equipment

The following is a summary of premises and equipment:

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Land

   $ 55,586     $ 55,722  

Construction in process

     7,372       6,124  

Buildings and improvements

     84,579       62,376  

Leasehold improvements

     4,928       5,786  

Equipment

     22,045       18,963  
                
     174,510       148,971  

Accumulated depreciation

     (21,924 )     (18,923 )
                

Premises and equipment, net

   $ 152,586     $ 130,048  
                

The Company capitalized $1.1 million, $1.3 million and $1.0 million of interest on construction projects during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Included in occupancy expense is rent of $605,000, $657,000 and $696,000 incurred under noncancelable operating leases in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, for leases of real estate in connection with buildings and premises. These leases contain certain renewal and purchase options according to the terms of the agreements. Future amounts due under noncancelable operating leases at December 31, 2008 are as follows: $395,000 in 2009, $307,000 in 2010, $220,000 in 2011, $220,000 in 2012, $220,000 in 2013 and $2,030,000 thereafter. Rental income recognized during 2008, 2007 and 2006 for leases of buildings and premises and for equipment leased under operating leases was $566,000, $517,000 and $638,000, respectively.

 

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6. Deposits

The aggregate amount of time deposits with a minimum denomination of $100,000 was $796.4 million and $906.7 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The following is a summary of the scheduled maturities of all time deposits:

 

     December 31,
     2008    2007
     (Dollars in thousands)

Up to one year

   $ 1,275,112    $ 1,284,475

Over one to two years

     23,805      89,860

Over two to three years

     2,394      1,694

Over three to four years

     1,574      651

Over four to five years

     241      1,015

Thereafter

     19      59
             

Total time deposits

   $ 1,303,145    $ 1,377,754
             

7. Borrowings

Short-term borrowings with original maturities less than one year include FHLB advances, Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) borrowings, treasury, tax and loan note accounts and federal funds purchased. The following is a summary of information relating to these short-term borrowings:

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Average annual balance

   $ 100,594     $ 74,192  

December 31 balance

     84,104       15,461  

Maximum month-end balance during year

     201,329       122,427  

Interest rate:

    

Weighted-average - year

     2.01 %     5.06 %

Weighted-average - December 31

     0.51       3.58  

At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had FHLB advances with original maturities exceeding one year of $340.8 million and $321.1 million, respectively. These advances bear interest at rates ranging from 2.53% to 6.43% at December 31, 2008 and are collateralized by a blanket lien on a substantial portion of the Company’s real estate loans. At December 31, 2008, the Bank had $243.7 million of unused FHLB borrowing availability.

At December 31, 2008, aggregate annual maturities and weighted-average rates of FHLB advances with an original maturity of over one year were as follows:

 

Maturity

   Amount    Weighted-Average Rate  
     (Dollars in thousands)       

2009

   $ 33    4.81 %

2010

     60,034    6.27  

2011

     31    4.80  

2012

     21    4.63  

2013

     18    4.54  

Thereafter

     280,706    3.84  
         
   $ 340,843    4.27  
         

Included in the above table are $340.0 million of FHLB advances that contain quarterly call features and are callable as follows:

 

     Amount    Weighted-
Average
Interest
Rate
    Maturity
     (Dollars in thousands)

Callable quarterly

   $ 60,000    6.27 %   2010

Callable quarterly

     260,000    3.90     2017

Callable quarterly

     20,000    2.53     2018
           
   $ 340,000    4.24    
           

 

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8. Subordinated Debentures

At December 31, 2008 the Company had the following issues of trust preferred securities outstanding and subordinated debentures owed to the Trusts:

 

Description

   Subordinated
Debentures
Owed to Trusts
   Trust Preferred
Securities of
the Trusts
   Interest Rate
at
December 31, 2008
    Final Maturity Date
(Dollars in thousands)

Ozark III

   $ 14,434    $ 14,000    4.36 %   September 25, 2033

Ozark II

     14,433      14,000    7.77     September 29, 2033

Ozark IV

     15,464      15,000    4.37     September 28, 2034

Ozark V

     20,619      20,000    3.60     December 15, 2036
                  
   $ 64,950    $ 63,000     
                  

On September 25, 2003, Ozark III sold to investors in a private placement offering $14 million of adjustable rate trust preferred securities, and on September 29, 2003, Ozark II sold to investors in a private placement offering $14 million of adjustable rate trust preferred securities (collectively, “2003 Securities”). The 2003 Securities bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at 90-day London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 2.95% for Ozark III and 90-day LIBOR plus 2.90% for Ozark II. The aggregate proceeds of $28 million from the 2003 Securities were used to purchase an equal principal amount of adjustable rate subordinated debentures of the Company that bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at 90-day LIBOR plus 2.95% for Ozark III and 90-day LIBOR plus 2.90% for Ozark II (collectively, “ 2003 Debentures”).

On September 28, 2004, Ozark IV sold to investors in a private placement offering $15 million of adjustable rate trust preferred securities (“2004 Securities”). The 2004 Securities bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at 90-day LIBOR plus 2.22%. The $15 million proceeds from the 2004 Securities were used to purchase an equal principal amount of adjustable rate subordinated debentures of the Company that bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at 90-day LIBOR plus 2.22% (“2004 Debentures”).

On September 29, 2006 Ozark V sold to investors in a private placement offering $20 million of adjustable rate trust preferred securities (“2006 Securities”). The Securities bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at 90-day LIBOR plus 1.60%. The $20 million proceeds from the 2006 Securities were used to purchase an equal principal amount of adjustable rate subordinated debentures of the Company that bear interest, adjustable quarterly, at 90-day LIBOR plus 1.60% (“2006 Debentures”).

In addition to the issuance of these adjustable rate securities, Ozark II and Ozark III collectively sold $0.9 million, Ozark IV sold $0.4 million and Ozark V sold $0.6 million of trust common equity to the Company. The proceeds from the sales of the trust common equity were used, respectively, to purchase $0.9 million of 2003 Debentures, $0.4 million of 2004 Debentures and $0.6 million of 2006 Debentures issued by the Company.

At both December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had an aggregate of $64.9 million of subordinated debentures outstanding and had an asset of $1.9 million representing its investment in the common equity issued by the Trusts. At both December 31, 2008 and 2007, the sole assets of the Trusts are the respective adjustable rate debentures and the liabilities of the respective Trusts are the 2003 Securities, the 2004 Securities and the 2006 Securities. The Trusts had aggregate common equity of $1.9 million and did not have any restricted net assets at both December 31, 2008 and 2007. The Company has, through various contractual arrangements, fully and unconditionally guaranteed all obligations of the Trusts with respect to the 2003 Securities, the 2004 Securities and the 2006 Securities. Additionally, there are no restrictions on the ability of the Trusts to transfer funds to the Company in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances.

These securities generally mature at or near the thirtieth anniversary date of each issuance. However, these securities and debentures may be prepaid at par, subject to regulatory approval, prior to maturity at any time on or after September 25 and 29, 2008 for the two issues of 2003 Securities and 2003 Debentures, on or after September 28, 2009 for the 2004 Securities and 2004 Debentures, and on or after December 15, 2011 for the 2006 Securities and 2006 Debentures, or at an earlier date upon certain changes in tax laws, investment company laws or regulatory capital requirements.

 

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9. Income Taxes

The following is a summary of the components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Current:

  

Federal

   $ 13,400     $ 13,332     $ 12,100  

State

     2,672       2,170       1,670  
                        

Total current

     16,072       15,502       13,770  
                        

Deferred:

      

Federal

     (5,161 )     (938 )     (412 )

State

     (985 )     (119 )     60  
                        

Total deferred

     (6,146 )     (1,057 )     (352 )
                        

Provision for income taxes

   $ 9,926     $ 14,445     $ 13,418  
                        

The reconciliation between the statutory federal income tax rate and effective income tax rate is as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  

Statutory federal income tax rate

   35.0 %   35.0 %   35.0 %

Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from:

      

State income taxes, net of federal benefit

   2.5     2.9     2.5  

Effect of non-taxable interest income

   (10.8 )   (4.2 )   (5.6 )

Effect of BOLI and other non-taxable income

   (3.4 )   (1.6 )   (1.6 )

Other, net

   (1.1 )   (0.8 )   (0.6 )
                  

Effective income tax rate

   22.2 %   31.3 %   29.7 %
                  

Income tax benefits from the exercise of stock options in the amount of $0.3 million, $0.4 million and $0.9 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, were recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital.

At December 31, 2008 and 2007, income taxes refundable of $0.6 million and $0.7 million, respectively, were included in other assets.

The types of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts that give rise to deferred income tax assets and liabilities and their approximate tax effects are as follows:

 

     December 31,
     2008     2007
     (Dollars in thousands)

Deferred tax assets:

    

Allowance for loan and lease losses

   $ 11,772     $ 7,671

Stock-based compensation under the fair value method

     1,270       940

Deferred compensation

     746       565

Investment securities AFS

     —         9,740
              

Gross deferred tax assets

     13,788       18,916
              

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Accelerated depreciation on premises and equipment

     5,447       4,415

Investment securities AFS

     8,901       —  

Direct financing leases

     439       736

FHLB stock dividends

     538       875

Other, net

     470       1,220
              

Gross deferred tax liabilities

     15,795       7,246
              

Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets

   $ (2,007 )   $ 11,670
              

 

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10. Preferred Stock

On December 12, 2008, as part of the United States Department of the Treasury’s (the “Treasury”) Capital Purchase Program made available to certain financial institutions in the U.S. pursuant to the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”), the Company and the Treasury entered into a Letter Agreement including the Securities Purchase Agreement – Standard Terms incorporated therein (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company issued to the Treasury, in exchange for aggregate consideration of $75.0 million, (i) 75,000 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, par value $0.01 and liquidation preference $1,000 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), and (ii) a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase up to 379,811 shares (the “Warrant Common Stock”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at an exercise price of $29.62 per share.

The Series A Preferred Stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital and pays cumulative cash dividends quarterly at a rate of 5% per annum for the first five years, and 9% per annum thereafter. The Series A Preferred Stock is non-voting, other than class voting rights on certain matters that could adversely affect the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed by the Company at par on or after February 15, 2012. Prior to this date, the Series A Preferred Stock may not be redeemed unless the Company has received aggregate gross proceeds from one or more qualified equity offerings of any Tier 1 perpetual preferred or common stock of the Company (a “Qualified Equity Offering”) equal to $18.75 million. Subject to certain limited exceptions, until December 12, 2011, or such earlier time as all Series A Preferred Stock has been redeemed or transferred by Treasury, the Company will not, without Treasury’s consent, be able to increase its dividend rate per share of common stock or repurchase its common stock.

The Warrant is immediately exercisable and has a 10-year term. The Treasury may not exercise voting power with respect to any shares of Warrant Common Stock until the Warrant has been exercised. If the Company receives aggregate gross cash proceeds of not less than $75,000,000 from one or more Qualified Equity Offerings on or prior to December 31, 2009, the number of shares of Warrant Common Stock underlying the Warrant then held by Treasury will be reduced by one half of the original number of shares underlying the Warrant.

Upon receipt of the aggregate consideration from the Treasury on December 12, 2008, the Company allocated the $75.0 million proceeds on a pro rata basis to the Series A Preferred Stock and the Warrant based on relative fair values. In estimating the fair value of the Warrant, the Company utilized the Black-Scholes model which includes assumptions regarding the Company’s common stock prices, stock price volatility, dividend yield, the risk free interest rate and the estimated life of the Warrant. The fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock was determined using a discounted cash flow methodology and a discount rate of 12%. As a result, the Company assigned $3.1 million of the aggregate proceeds to the Warrant and $71.9 million to the Series A Preferred Stock. The value assigned to the Series A Preferred Stock will be amortized up to the $75.0 million liquidation value of such preferred stock, with the cost of such amortization being reported as additional preferred stock dividends. This results in a total dividend with a consistent effective yield of 5.98% over a five-year period, which is the expected life of the Series A Preferred Stock.

In addition, the Purchase Agreement (i) grants the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Warrant and the Warrant Common Stock certain registration rights, (ii) subjects the Company to certain of the executive compensation limitations included in the EESA (which are discussed below) and (iii) allows the Treasury to unilaterally amend any of the terms of the Purchase Agreement to the extent required to comply with any changes after December 12, 2008 in applicable federal statutes.

On January 9, 2009 the Company filed a “shelf” registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) for the purpose of registering the Series A Preferred Stock, the Warrant and the Warrant Common Stock in order to permit the sale of such securities by the U.S. Treasury at any time after effectiveness of the registration statement. On January 23, 2009, the Company was notified by the Commission that the “shelf” registration statement was deemed effective.

Immediately prior to the execution of the Purchase Agreement, the Company amended its compensation, bonus, incentive and other benefit plans, arrangements and agreements to the extent necessary to comply

 

59


with the executive compensation and corporate governance requirements of Section 111(b) of the EESA and applicable guidance or regulations issued by the Treasury on or prior to December 12, 2008. The applicable executive compensation requirements apply to the compensation of the Company’s chief executive officer, chief financial officer and four other most highly compensated executive officers (collectively, the “senior executive officers”). In addition, in connection with the closing of the Treasury’s purchase of the Series A Preferred Stock each of the senior executive officers was required to execute a waiver of any claim against the United States or the Company for any changes to his compensation or benefits that are required in order to comply with the regulation issued by the Treasury as published in the Federal Register on October 20, 2008.

11. Employee Benefit Plans

The Company maintains a qualified retirement plan (the “401(k) Plan”) with a salary deferral feature designed to qualify under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). The 401(k) Plan permits the employees of the Company to defer a portion of their compensation in accordance with the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Code. Matching contributions may be made in amounts and at times determined by the Company. Certain other statutory limitations with respect to the Company’s contribution under the 401(k) Plan also apply. Amounts contributed by the Company for a participant will vest over six years and will be held in trust until distributed pursuant to the terms of the 401(k) Plan.

Contributions to the 401(k) Plan are invested in accordance with participant elections among certain investment options. Distributions from participant accounts are not permitted before age 65, except in the event of death, permanent disability, certain financial hardships or termination of employment. The Company made matching cash contributions to the 401(k) Plan during 2008, 2007 and 2006 of $409,000, $311,000 and $483,000, respectively.

Prior to January 1, 2005, all full-time employees of the Company were eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan. Beginning January 1, 2005, certain key employees of the Company have been excluded from further salary deferrals to the 401(k) Plan, but may make salary deferrals through participation in the Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan, an unfunded deferred compensation arrangement for the group of employees designated as key employees, including certain of the Company’s executive officers, was adopted by the Company’s board of directors on December 14, 2004 and became effective January 1, 2005. Under the terms of the Plan, eligible participants may elect to defer a portion of their compensation. Such deferred compensation will be distributable in lump sum or specified installments upon separation from service with the Company or upon other specified events as defined in the Plan. The Company has the ability to make a contribution to each participant’s account, limited to one half of the first 6% of compensation deferred by the participant and subject to certain other limitations. Amounts deferred under the Plan are to be invested in certain approved investments (excluding securities of the Company or its affiliates). Company contributions to the Plan in 2008, 2007 and 2006 totaled $104,000, $103,000 and $84,000, respectively. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had Plan assets, along with an equal amount of liabilities, totaling $1.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively, recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

12. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has a nonqualified stock option plan for certain key employees and officers of the Company. This plan provides for the granting of nonqualified options to purchase up to 1.5 million shares of common stock in the Company. No option may be granted under this plan for less than the fair market value of the common stock, defined by the plan as the average of the highest reported asked price and the lowest reported bid price, on the date of the grant. While the vesting period and the termination date for the employee plan options is determined when options are granted, all such employee options outstanding at December 31, 2008 were issued with a vesting period of three years and an expiration of seven years after issuance. The Company also has a nonqualified stock option plan for non-employee directors. The non-employee director plan calls for options to purchase 1,000 shares of common stock to be granted to each non-employee director the day after the annual stockholders’ meeting. Additionally, a non-employee director elected or appointed for the first time as a director on a date other than an annual meeting shall be granted an option to purchase

 

60


1,000 shares of common stock. These options are exercisable immediately and expire ten years after issuance. All shares issued in connection with options exercised under both the employee and non-employee director stock option plans are in the form of newly-issued shares.

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2008:

 

     Options     Weighted-Average
Exercise
Price/Share
   Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(in years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)
 

Outstanding - January 1, 2008

   520,650     $ 27.22      

Granted

   117,950       26.96      

Exercised

   (45,900 )     8.89      

Forfeited

   (39,700 )     31.33      
              

Outstanding - December 31, 2008

   553,000     $ 28.39    4.8    $ 1,612 (1)
                          

Exercisable - December 31, 2008

   266,100     $ 26.80    3.7    $ 1,339 (1)
                          

 

(1) Based on average trade value of $29.64 per share on December 31, 2008.

Intrinsic value for stock options is defined as the difference between the current market value and the exercise price. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $1.0 million, $1.6 million and $2.0 million, respectively.

Options to purchase 117,950 shares, 122,600 shares and 111,800 shares, respectively, were granted during 2008, 2007 and 2006 with a weighted-average fair value of $7.33, $7.37 and $9.10, respectively. The fair value for each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model that uses the assumptions shown below. The Company uses the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant to determine the risk-free interest rate. The expected dividend yield is estimated using the current annual dividend level and recent stock price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. Expected stock volatility is based on historical volatilities of the Company’s common stock. The expected life of the options is calculated based on the “simplified” method as provided for under SAB No. 110 as management continues to gather sufficient historical experience data to appropriately estimate the expected term of options outstanding.

The weighted-average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model for the years indicated were as follows:

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Risk-free interest rate

   2.61 %   4.40 %   4.76 %

Expected dividend yield

   1.88 %   1.54 %   1.23 %

Expected stock volatility

   32.8 %   22.4 %   26.2 %

Expected life (years)

   5.0     5.0     5.0  

The total fair value of options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock that vested during the years ended 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $1.1 million, $0.6 million and $0.6 million, respectively. Total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock-based compensation was $1.3 million at December 31, 2008 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.

13. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company has the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

 

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Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since these commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, and other real or personal property.

The Company had outstanding commitments to extend credit, excluding mortgage IRLCs, of $339.2 million and $412.7 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The commitments extend over varying periods of time with the majority to be disbursed or to expire within a one-year period.

Outstanding standby letters of credit are contingent commitments issued by the Company generally to guarantee the performance of a customer in third party borrowing arrangements. The term of the letters of credit are generally for a period of one year. The maximum amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these letters of credit at December 31, 2008 and 2007 is $10.3 million and $7.6 million, respectively. The Company holds collateral to support letters of credit when deemed necessary. The total of collateralized commitments at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $8.3 million and $5.2 million, respectively.

14. Related Party Transactions

The Company has had, in the ordinary course of business, lending transactions with certain of its officers, directors, director nominees and their related and affiliated parties (related parties). The aggregate amount of loans to such related parties at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $4.4 million and $17.8 million, respectively. New loans and advances on prior commitments made to such related parties were $0.9 million, $3.3 million and $22.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Repayments of loans made by such related parties were $5.4 million, $25.3 million and $7.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Also, during 2008 advances totaling $8.9 million were removed from and during 2006 advances totaling $0.8 million were added to the Company’s related party loans as a result of changes in the composition of such related parties.

Wiring and cabling installation for certain of the Company’s facilities were performed by an entity whose ownership includes a member of the Company’s board of directors. Total payments to this entity were $224,000 in 2008, none in 2007 and $4,000 in 2006 for such installation work.

15. Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about component risk weightings and other factors.

Federal regulatory agencies generally require the Company and the Bank to maintain minimum Tier 1 and total capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.0% and 8.0%, respectively, and Tier 1 capital to average quarterly assets (Tier 1 leverage ratio) of at least 3.0%. Tier 1 capital generally consists of common equity, retained earnings, certain types of preferred stock, qualifying minority interest and trust preferred securities, subject to limitations, and excludes goodwill and various intangible assets. Total capital includes Tier 1 capital, any amounts of trust preferred securities excluded from Tier 1 capital, and the lesser of the ALLL or 1.25% of risk-weighted assets. At December 31, 2008 the Company’s and the Bank’s Tier 1 and total capital ratios and their Tier 1 leverage ratios exceeded minimum requirements.

 

62


The actual and required capital amounts and ratios of the Company and the Bank at December 31, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:

 

           Required  
     Actual     For Capital
Adequacy
Purposes
    To Be Well
Capitalized Under
Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions
 
     Amount    Ratio     Amount    Ratio     Amount    Ratio  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

December 31, 2008:

               

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):

               

Company

   $ 395,406    15.36 %   $ 205,990    8.00 %   $ 257,488    10.00 %

Bank

     376,453    14.63       205,840    8.00       257,300    10.00  

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):

               

Company

     365,894    14.21       102,995    4.00       154,493    6.00  

Bank

     346,941    13.48       102,920    4.00       154,380    6.00  

Tier 1 leverage (to average assets):

               

Company

     365,894    11.64       94,319    3.00       157,198    5.00  

Bank

     346,941    11.09       93,813    3.00       156,355    5.00  

December 31, 2007:

               

Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):

               

Company

   $ 282,600    12.67 %   $ 178,425    8.00 %   $ 223,031    10.00 %

Bank

     255,679    11.51       177,683    8.00       222,104    10.00  

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):

               

Company

     263,043    11.79       89,212    4.00       133,819    6.00  

Bank

     236,122    10.63       88,841    4.00       133,262    6.00  

Tier 1 leverage (to average assets):

               

Company

     263,043    9.80       80,500    3.00       134,166    5.00  

Bank

     236,122    8.82       80,280    3.00       133,800    5.00  

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the most recent notification from the regulators categorized the Company and the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Company’s or the Bank’s category.

Subject to certain limitations, until December 12, 2011, or such earlier time as the Series A Preferred Stock has been redeemed or transferred by the Treasury, the Company will not, without the Treasury’s consent, be able to increase its quarterly dividend rate above $0.13 per common share or repurchase its common stock.

As of December 31, 2008, the state bank commissioner’s approval was required before the Bank could declare and pay any dividend of 75% or more of the net profits of the Bank after all taxes for the current year plus 75% of the retained net profits for the immediately preceding year. At December 31,2008 and 2007, $34.5 million and $38.1 million, respectively, was available for payment of dividends by the Bank without the approval of regulatory authorities.

Under FRB regulation, the Bank is also limited as to the amount it may loan to its affiliates, including the Company, and such loans must be collateralized by specific obligations. The maximum amount available for loan from the Bank to the Company is limited to 10% of the Bank’s capital and surplus or approximately $36.7 million and $22.6 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008 and 2007.

The Bank is required by bank regulatory agencies to maintain certain minimum balances of cash or non-interest bearing deposits primarily with the FRB. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, these required balances aggregated $4.4 million and $3.3 million, respectively.

16. Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with SFAS No. 157, the Company applied the following fair value hierarchy in the measurement of certain of its financial assets and liabilities on a fair value basis.

Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs or value drivers are observable.

Level 3 - Instruments whose inputs or value drivers are unobservable.

 

63


The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2008 that are accounted for at fair value.

 

     Level 1    Level 2    Level 3     Total  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Assets:

          

Investment securities AFS(1)

   $ 85,275    $ 806,642    $ 30,020     $ 921,937  

Impaired loans and leases

     —        —        12,448       12,448  

Investments in tax credit investments

     —        —        2,860       2,860  

Derivative assets - interest rate lock commitments (“IRLC”) and forward sales commitments (“FSC”)

     —        —        477       477  

Liabilities:

          

Derivative liabilities - IRLC and FSC

     —        —        (477 )     (477 )

 

(1) Does not include $22.8 million of shares of FHLB and FNBB stock that do not have readily determinable fair values and are carried at cost.

The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value.

Investment securities - The Company utilizes an independent third party as its principal pricing source for determining fair value. For investment securities traded in an active market, fair values are measured on a recurring basis and based on quoted market prices if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable securities, broker quotes or comprehensive interest rate tables and pricing matrices. For investment securities traded in a market that is not active, fair value is determined using unobservable inputs or value drivers.

During 2008 the Company determined that certain of its investment securities had a limited to non-existent trading market. As a result, the Company transferred investments having a fair value of $31.8 million into the Level 3 fair value hierarchy. The following is a description of those investment securities and the fair value methodology used for such securities.

Corporate and Other Bonds - The trading markets for two of its investment securities with a combined fair value at December 31, 2008 of $7.6 million were determined to be “not active” based on the limited number of trades, small block sizes, and the significant spreads between the bid and ask price. Accordingly, the Company developed an internal model for pricing these securities based on the present value of expected cash flows of the instruments at an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate. In developing the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate, the Company considers the change in interest rate spreads between comparable maturities of similarly rated bonds and U.S. Treasuries between the date of purchase and the measurement date. Additionally, the Company reviews other information such as historical and current performance of the bond, performances of underlying collateral, if any, deferral or default rates, if any, cash flow projections, liquidity and credit premiums required by market participants, financial trend analysis with respect to the individual issuing entities and other factors in determining the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rates and expected cash flows. Due to current market conditions, the estimated fair values of these investment securities are highly sensitive to assumption changes and market volatility.

Municipal Bonds - The fair values of certain municipal bonds in the amount of $22.4 million at December 31, 2008 were calculated using Level 3 hierarchy inputs and assumptions as the trading market for such securities was determined to be “not active”. This determination was based on the limited number of trades or, in certain cases, the existence of no reported trades for the bonds, a lack of credit rating for most of the bonds, and the unique “project” underlying the bond. As a result, management concluded that pricing these bonds with the pricing matrix for municipal securities utilized by its third party pricing service did not provide a fair value estimate that incorporated such unique characteristics of these bonds. Accordingly, management utilized a variety of factors in determining the estimated fair values of the municipal securities. Among such factors were historical and current performances of the bond and the underlying “project” or collateral, interest rate spreads between these bonds and other “rated” bonds, liquidity and premium requirements required by market participants, broker quotes and other factors. Due to current market conditions, the estimated fair values are subject to significant fluctuations and market volatility.

 

64


Impaired loans and leases - Fair values are measured on a nonrecurring basis and are based on the underlying collateral value of the impaired loan or lease, net of holding and selling costs, or the estimated discounted cash flows for such loan or lease. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 114, the Company reduced the carrying value of its impaired loans and leases (all of which are included in nonaccrual loans and leases) by $4.0 million to the estimated fair value of $12.4 million for such loans and leases at December 31, 2008. The $4.0 million adjustment to reduce the carrying value of impaired loans and leases to estimated fair value consisted of $3.7 million of partial charge-offs and $0.3 million of specific loan and lease loss allocations.

Investments in tax credit investments - Fair values are measured on a recurring basis and are based upon total credits and deductions remaining to be allocated and total estimated credits and deductions to be allocated.

Derivative assets and liabilities - The fair values of IRLC and FSC derivative assets and liabilities are measured on a recurring basis and are based primarily on the fluctuation of interest rates between the date on which the IRLC and FSC were entered and the measurement date.

The following table presents additional information about financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs or value drivers to determine fair value.

 

     Investment
Securities
AFS
    Investments
in Tax
Credit
Investments
    Derivative
Assets-
IRLC and
FSC
   Derivative
Liabilities-
IRLC and
FSC
 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Balances - January 1, 2008

   $ —       $ 6,425     $ 80    $ (80 )

Total realized gains/(losses) included in earnings

     (3,016 )     (735 )     397      (397 )

Total unrealized gains/(losses) included in other comprehensive income

     1,271       —         —        —    

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net

     —         540       —        —    

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

     31,765       (3,370 )     —        —    
                               

Balances - December 31, 2008

   $ 30,020     $ 2,860     $ 477    $ (477 )
                               

17. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments.

Cash and due from banks - For these short-term instruments, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Investment securities - The Company utilizes an independent third party as its principal pricing source for determining fair value. For investment securities traded in an active market, fair values are measured on a recurring basis and based on quoted market prices if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable securities, broker quotes or comprehensive interest rate tables and pricing matrices. For investment securities traded in a market that is not active, fair value is determined using unobservable inputs or value drivers. The Company’s investments in the common stock of the FHLB and FNBB of $22.8 million at December 31, 2008 and its investments in the common stock of FHLB and ABB of $16.8 million at December 31, 2007 do not have readily determinable fair values and are carried at cost.

Loans and leases - The fair value of loans and leases is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rate at which similar loans or leases would be made to borrowers or lessees with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.

Deposit liabilities - The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, money market deposits and other transaction accounts is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed maturity certificates is estimated using the rate currently available for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

Repurchase Agreements - For these short-term instruments, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Other borrowed funds - For these short-term instruments, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of long-term instruments is estimated based on the current rates available to the Company for borrowings with similar terms and remaining maturities.

Subordinated debentures - The fair values of these instruments are based primarily on the fluctuation of 90-day LIBOR from the most recent rate set date and year-end.

 

65


Derivative assets and liabilities - The fair values of IRLC and FSC derivative assets and liabilities are based primarily on the fluctuation of interest rates between the date on which the IRLC and FSC were entered and year-end.

Off-balance sheet instruments - The fair values of commercial loan commitments and letters of credit are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and were not material at December 31, 2008 and 2007.

The fair values of certain of these instruments were calculated by discounting expected cash flows, which contain numerous uncertainties and involve significant judgments by management. Fair value is the estimated amount at which financial assets or liabilities could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties other than in a forced or liquidation sale. Because no market exists for certain of these financial instruments and because management does not intend to sell these financial instruments, the Company does not know whether the fair values shown below represent values at which the respective financial instruments could be sold individually or in the aggregate.

The following table presents the estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments:

 

     2008    2007
     Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
     (Dollars in thousands)

Financial assets:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 40,982    $ 40,982    $ 47,521    $ 47,521

Investment securities AFS

     944,783      944,783      578,348      578,348

Loans and leases, net of ALLL

     1,991,687      1,982,418      1,851,578      1,841,815

Derivative assets - IRLC and FSC

     477      477      80      80

Financial liabilities:

           

Demand, NOW, savings and money market account deposits

   $ 1,038,269    $ 1,038,269    $ 679,307    $ 679,307

Time deposits

     1,303,145      1,313,996      1,377,754      1,377,836

Repurchase agreements with customers

     46,864      46,864      46,086      46,086

Other borrowings

     424,947      519,517      336,533      321,514

Subordinated debentures

     64,950      64,950      64,950      64,908

Derivative liabilities - IRLC and FSC

     477      477      80      80

18. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008    2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Cash paid during the period for:

       

Interest

   $ 86,591    $ 97,867     $ 82,653  

Income taxes

     15,045      12,917       15,415  

Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:

       

Loans transfered to foreclosed assets held for sale

     17,259      8,345       1,504  

Loans advanced for sales of foreclosed assets

     2,457      1,487       168  

Net change in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities AFS

     50,539      (16,733 )     (3,863 )

Unsettled AFS investment security trades:

       

Purchases

     14,038      —         —    

Sales/calls

     2,525      —         —    

Securities received on dissolution of unconsolidated investments

     3,370      —         —    

19. Other Operating Expenses

The following is a summary of other operating expenses:

 

     Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2007    2006
     (Dollars in thousands)

Postage and supplies

   $ 1,633    $ 1,620    $ 1,910

Telephone and data lines

     1,630      1,415      1,651

Advertising and public relations

     1,204      1,057      1,545

Professional and outside services

     1,537      1,077      1,129

Software

     1,261      1,201      1,068

Other

     8,119      5,123      4,551
                    

Total other operating expenses

   $ 15,384    $ 11,493    $ 11,854
                    

 

66


20. Earnings Per Common Share (“EPS”)

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS:

 

     Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2007    2006
     (In thousands, except per share amounts)

Numerator:

        

Net income available to common stockholders

   $ 34,474    $ 31,746    $ 31,693
                    

Denominator:

        

Denominator for basic EPS—weighted-average common shares

     16,849      16,789      16,723

Effect of dilutive securities—stock options

     25      45      80
                    

Denominator for diluted EPS—weighted-average common shares and assumed conversions

     16,874      16,834      16,803
                    

Basic EPS

   $ 2.05    $ 1.89    $ 1.90
                    

Diluted EPS

   $ 2.04    $ 1.89    $ 1.89
                    

Options to purchase 464,200 shares, 340,150 shares and 120,750 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock at a weighted-average exercise price of $30.86 per share, $32.62 per share and $34.86 per share, respectively, were outstanding during 2008, 2007 and 2006, but were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because the options’ exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares and inclusion would have been antidilutive. Additionally, a warrant for the purchase of 379,811 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $29.62 was outstanding at December 31, 2008 (none at December 31, 2007 and 2006) but was not included in the diluted EPS computation as inclusion would have been antidilutive.

21. Parent Company Financial Information

The following condensed balance sheets, income statements and statements of cash flows reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the parent company:

Condensed Balance Sheets

 

     December 31,  
     2008    2007  
     (Dollars in thousands)  
Assets   

Cash

   $ 10,247    $ 20,081  

Investment in consolidated bank subsidiary

     367,137      225,816  

Investment in unconsolidated Trusts

     1,950      1,950  

Investments securities AFS

     1,724      —    

Other investments, net

     102      2,143  

Loans

     4,888      2,438  

Land for future branch site

     1,875      1,855  

Excess cost over fair value of net assets acquired

     1,092      1,092  

Other, net

     1,435      1,073  
               

Total assets

   $ 390,450    $ 256,448  
               
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity      

Accounts payable and other liabilities

   $ 129    $ 29  

Accrued interest payable

     374      453  

Preferred stock dividends payable

     198      —    

Income taxes payable

     617      187  

Subordinated debentures

     64,950      64,950  
               

Total liabilities

     66,268      65,619  
               

Stockholders’ equity:

     

Preferred stock, net of unamortized discount

     71,880      —    

Common stock

     169      168  

Additional paid-in capital

     43,314      38,613  

Retained earnings

     193,195      167,139  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     15,624      (15,091 )
               

Total stockholders’ equity

     324,182      190,829  
               

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 390,450    $ 256,448  
               

 

67


Condensed Statements of Income

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Income:

      

Dividends from Bank

   $ 14,400     $ 12,600     $ 8,300  

Dividends from Trusts

     113       152       116  

Interest

     183       94       —    

Other

     137       180       374  
                        

Total income

     14,833       13,026       8,790  
                        

Expenses:

      

Interest

     3,760       5,066       3,867  

Other operating expenses

     2,411       2,072       2,108  
                        

Total expenses

     6,171       7,138       5,975  
                        

Net income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed earnings of Bank

     8,662       5,888       2,815  

Income tax benefit

     2,432       2,814       2,296  

Equity in undistributed earnings of Bank

     23,607       23,044       26,582  
                        

Net income

     34,701       31,746       31,693  

Preferred stock dividends and amortization of preferred stock discount

     (227 )     —         —    
                        

Net income available to common stockholders

   $ 34,474     $ 31,746     $ 31,693  
                        

 

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

 

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 34,701     $ 31,746     $ 31,693  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Equity in undistributed earnings of Bank

     (23,607 )     (23,044 )     (26,582 )

Deferred income tax benefit

     (330 )     (341 )     (353 )

Compensation expense under stock-based compensation plans

     862       869       865  

Tax benefits on exercise of stock options

     (283 )     (420 )     (880 )

Changes in other assets and other liabilities

     1,197       2,013       (2,522 )
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     12,540       10,823       2,221  
                        

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Net increase in loans

     (2,449 )     (2,438 )     —    

Proceeds from sales of other investments

     —         2,269       —    

Purchase of other investments

     —         —         (1,000 )

Cash paid for interest in unconsolidated Trusts

     —         —         (619 )

Equity contributed to Bank

     (87,000 )     (16,000 )     (10,000 )
                        

Net cash used by investing activities

     (89,449 )     (16,169 )     (11,619 )
                        

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     408       546       824  

Proceeds from issuance of subordinated debentures

     —         —         20,619  

Tax benefits on exercise of stock options

     283       420       880  

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and common stock warrant

     75,000       —         —    

Preferred stock dividends

     (198 )     —         —    

Common stock dividends

     (8,418 )     (7,216 )     (6,684 )
                        

Net cash provided (used) by financing activities

     67,075       (6,250 )     15,639  
                        

Net (decrease) increase in cash

     (9,834 )     (11,596 )     6,241  

Cash - beginning of year

     20,081       31,677       25,436  
                        

Cash - end of year

   $ 10,247     $ 20,081     $ 31,677  
                        

 

68

EX-21 3 dex21.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Exhibit 21

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

 

1. Bank of the Ozarks, an Arkansas state chartered bank.

 

2. Ozark Capital Statutory Trust II, a Connecticut business trust.

 

3. Ozark Capital Statutory Trust III, a Delaware business trust.

 

4. Ozark Capital Statutory Trust IV, a Delaware business trust.

 

5. Ozark Capital Statutory Trust V, a Delaware business trust.

 

6. The Highlands Group, Inc., a subsidiary of Bank of the Ozarks.

 

7. Arlington Park, LLC, a 50% owned subsidiary of The Highlands Group, Inc.
EX-23.1 4 dex231.htm CONSENT OF CROWE & HORWATH LLP Consent of Crowe & Horwath LLP

Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement No. 333-32173 on Form S-8 pertaining to the Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. Stock Purchase Plan, Registration Statement No. 333-74577 on Form S-8 pertaining to the Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. 401K Retirement Savings Plan and in Registration Statement No. 333-32175 on Form S-8 pertaining to the Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. Non-employee Director Stock Option Plan of our reports dated February 20, 2009 with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which reports appear in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2008.

/s/ Crowe Horwath LLP

Brentwood, Tennessee

March 11, 2009

EX-31.1 5 dex311.htm CERTIFICATION - CEO Certification - CEO

CERTIFICATIONS

   Exhibit 31.1

I, George Gleason, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 11, 2009

 

/s/ George Gleason
George Gleason
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
EX-31.2 6 dex312.htm CERTIFICATION - CFO Certification - CFO

Exhibit 31.2

I, Paul Moore, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 11, 2009

 

/s/ Paul Moore
Paul Moore
Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer
EX-32.1 7 dex321.htm SECTION 906 CERTIFICATION - CEO Section 906 Certification - CEO

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the accompanying Annual Report of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. (the Company) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report), I, George Gleason, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to my knowledge, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

March 11, 2009

 

/s/ George Gleason
George Gleason
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
EX-32.2 8 dex322.htm SECTION 906 CERTIFICATION - CFO Section 906 Certification - CFO

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the accompanying Annual Report of Bank of the Ozarks, Inc. (the Company) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report), I, Paul Moore, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to my knowledge, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

March 11, 2009

 

/s/ Paul Moore
Paul Moore
Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer
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