Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Oct. 04, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes includes both domestic and foreign income taxes at the applicable tax rates adjusted for non-deductible expenses, research and development tax credits, deemed foreign income inclusions, change in the valuation allowance, and other permanent differences.

Income tax expense was $0.4 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended October 4, 2025 and September 28, 2024, resulting in effective tax rates of (4.3)% and (7.6)%, respectively. Income tax expense was $4.8 million and $38.3 million for the nine months ended October 4, 2025 and September 28, 2024, resulting in effective tax rates of (8.4)% and (29.7)%, respectively. The decrease in the provision for income taxes for the three months ended October 4, 2025 is primarily due to the release of a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the three months ended October 4, 2025 in comparison with the three months ended September 28, 2024. The decrease in the provision for income taxes for the nine months ended October 4, 2025 is primarily due to a decrease in tax expense related to the valuation allowance in the nine months ended October 4, 2025 in comparison with the nine months ended September 28, 2024. During the nine months ended September 28, 2024, the Company incurred significant tax expense to record a valuation allowance in the U.S. and Singapore due to a three-year cumulative pre-tax loss in conjunction with the downturn in the semiconductor industry. The Company intends to maintain the valuation allowance until its ability to forecast sufficient future sources of taxable income is reestablished.

On July 4, 2025, the U.S. government enacted tax legislation commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (the “OBBBA”). The OBBBA extends and/or modifies many provisions first enacted via the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) in 2017, as well as introduces new modifications to U.S. federal tax law. Beginning with the 2025 tax year, the OBBBA permanently restores current deductibility for U.S. research and experimental (“R&E”) expenditures. A number of other changes enacted in the OBBBA will not take effect until the 2026 tax year, including various modifications to existing international tax provisions. The Company determined that its forecasted annual effective tax rate for the current year decreased due to the impacts of the OBBBA, primarily due to U.S. R&E expenditures no longer being capitalized within global intangible low-taxed income or “GILTI”, which the Company has elected to treat as a period cost. The Company did not identify any material discrete tax impacts related to beginning-of-the-year deferred tax assets and liabilities or valuation allowances due to the enactment of the OBBBA.

Uncertain Tax Positions

As of October 4, 2025, the Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits, inclusive of interest, of $4.5 million, of which $1.9 million would affect the effective tax rate if recognized. During the three months ended October 4, 2025, the Company released $1.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits, inclusive of interest.

Following the completion of the Norwegian Tax Administration (“NTA”) examination of the Company’s Norwegian subsidiary for income tax matters relating to fiscal years 2013 – 2016, the Company received an assessment from the NTA in December 2017 proposing an adjustment to its 2013 taxable income related to the pricing of an intercompany transaction. The adjustment would have resulted in approximately 141.3 million Norwegian kroner, or $14.0 million, additional Norwegian income tax. The Company disagreed with the NTA’s findings and appealed the assessment, concluding that the Company’s position was more likely than not to be sustained in the appeal.

During the three months ending October 4, 2025, the Norwegian Tax Appeals Board issued a formal decision in favor of the Company, rejecting the proposed adjustment to its 2013 tax liability. Because the Company did not previously establish a reserve related to the NTA assessment, there is no resulting financial statement impact for the final resolution of this matter.

Tax years 2020 through 2025 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions in which the Company operates. The Company’s 2022 tax year is currently under examination in the U.S., and the Company’s 2022 through 2023 tax years are currently under examination in India. Although the outcome of tax audits is always uncertain, the Company believes that the results of these examinations will not materially impact its financial position or results of operations. The Company is not currently under audit in any other major taxing jurisdiction.

The Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $0.7 million, inclusive of interest, in the next 12 months due to the lapse of the statute of limitations.