Revenue

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

3. Revenue

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. The Company enters into contracts that can include various combinations of its products, software licenses, and services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price of the contract to each performance obligation, generally on a relative basis using its standalone selling price. The stated contract value is generally the transaction price to be allocated to the separate performance obligations. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers that are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities.

Nature of Products and Services

The Company derives revenues from sales of hardware products, software licenses, subscriptions, professional services, software maintenance and support, and extended hardware warranties.

Hardware Product Revenues — The Company generally has two performance obligations in arrangements involving the sale of hardware products. The first performance obligation is to transfer the hardware product (which includes software integral to the functionality of the hardware product). The second performance obligation is to provide assurance that the product complies with its agreed-upon specifications and is free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one to three years (i.e. assurance warranty). The entire transaction price is allocated to the hardware product and is generally recognized as revenue at the time of shipment because the customer obtains control of the product at that point in time. The Company has concluded that control generally transfers at that point in time because the customer has title to the hardware, and a present obligation to pay for the hardware. None of the transaction price is allocated to the assurance warranty component, as the Company accounts for these product warranty costs in accordance with ASC 460, Guarantees.

Software License Revenues — The Company’s license arrangements grant customers the perpetual right to access and use the licensed software products at the outset of an arrangement. Technical support and software updates are generally made available throughout the term of the support agreement, which is generally one to three years. The Company accounts for these arrangements as two performance obligations: (1) the software licenses, and (2) the related updates and technical support. The software license revenue is recognized when the license is delivered to the customer or made available for download, while the software updates and technical support is recognized over the term of the support contract.

Subscription Revenues — Subscription revenues consist of fees received in consideration for providing customers access to one or more of the Company’s software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) based solutions. These SaaS arrangements include access to the Company’s licensed software and, in certain arrangements, use of various hardware devices over the contract term. These SaaS arrangements do not provide the customer the right to take possession of the software supporting the subscription service, or if applicable, any hardware devices at any time during the contract period, and as such are not considered separate performance obligations. Revenue is recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract beginning when the service is made available to the customer. Subscription contract terms range from month-to-month to six years in length and billed monthly or annually.

Professional Services Revenues — Professional services revenues consist primarily of programming customization services performed relating to the integration of the Company’s software products with the customers other systems, such as HR systems. Professional services contracts are generally billed on a time and materials basis and revenue is recognized as the services are performed.

Software Maintenance and Support Revenues — Support and maintenance contract revenues consist of the services provided to support the specialized programming applications performed by the Company’s professional services group. Support and maintenance contracts are typically billed at inception of the contract and recognized as revenue over the contract period, typically over a one or three year period.

Extended Hardware Warranties Revenues — Sales of the Company’s hardware products may also include optional extended hardware warranties, which typically provide assurance that the product will continue function as initially intended. Extended hardware warranty contracts are typically billed at inception of the contract and recognized as revenue over the respective contract period, typically over one to two year periods after the expiration of the original assurance warranty.

Performance Obligation	When Performance Obligation is Typically Satisfied	When Payment is Typically Due	How Standalone Selling Price is Typically Estimated
Hardware products	When customer obtains control of the product (point-in-time)	Within 30-60 days of shipment	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Software licenses	When license is delivered to customer or made available for download, and the applicable license period has begun (point-in-time)	Within 30-60 days of the beginning of license period	Established pricing practices for software licenses bundled with software maintenance, which are separately observable in renewal transactions
Subscriptions	Ratably over the course of the subscription term (over time)	In advance of subscription term	Contractually stated or list price
Professional services	As services are performed and/or when contract is fulfilled (point-in-time)	Within 30-60 days of delivery	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Software maintenance and support services	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	Within 30-60 days of the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions
Extended hardware warranties	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	Within 30-60 days of the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions

Significant Judgments

The Company’s contracts with customers often include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. For such arrangements, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price (“SSP”).

Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation in a contract. For the majority of items, the Company estimates SSP using historical transaction data. The Company uses a range of amounts to estimate SSP when it sells each of the products and services separately and needs to determine whether there is a discount to be allocated based on the relative SSP of the various products and services. In instances where SSP is not directly observable, such as when the product or service is not sold separately, the Company determines the SSP using information that may include market conditions and other observable inputs. The determination of SSP is an ongoing process and information is reviewed regularly in order to ensure SSPs reflect current information or trends.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers based on the timing of transfer of goods or services to customers (point-in-time or over time) and geographic region based on the shipping location of the customer. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas, Europe and the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific regions.

Total net sales based on the disaggregation criteria described above are as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2023						2022						2021
	Point-in- Time		Over Time		Total		Point-in- Time		Over Time		Total		Point-in- Time		Over Time		Total
Americas	$	81,050	$	3,462	$	84,512	$	73,317	$	3,482	$	76,799	$	66,162	$	3,234	$	69,396
Europe and the Middle East		17,506		374		17,880		15,492		408		15,900		12,507		369		12,876
Asia-Pacific		13,991		—		13,991		20,216		—		20,216		21,497		—		21,497
Total	$	112,547	$	3,836	$	116,383	$	109,025	$	3,890	$	112,915	$	100,166	$	3,603	$	103,769

Contract Balances

Amounts invoiced in advance of services being provided are accounted for as deferred revenue. Nearly all of the Company’s deferred revenue balance is related to software maintenance contracts. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although payment is typically due within 30 to 60 days of contract inception. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined its contracts do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the Company’s invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing the Company’s products and services, not to receive financing from its customers.

Changes in deferred revenue during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2023			2022
Deferred revenue, beginning of period	$	2,655		$	2,433
Deferral of revenue billed in current period, net of recognition		2,477			2,241
Recognition of revenue deferred in prior periods		(1,864	)		(2,019	)
Deferred revenue, end of period	$	3,268		$	2,655

Amounts recognized as revenue in excess of amounts billed are recorded as unbilled receivables and are included in other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the amount of unbilled receivables was immaterial.

Unsatisfied Performance Obligations

Revenue expected to be recognized in future periods related to remaining performance obligations, excluding revenue pertaining to contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less, and contracts where revenue is recognized as invoiced, was approximately $1.5 million as of December 31, 2023. Since the Company typically invoices customers at contract inception, this amount is included in the deferred revenue balance. As of December 31, 2023, the Company expects to recognize approximately 41% of the revenue related to these unsatisfied performance obligations during 2024, 25% during 2025, and 34% thereafter.

Practical Expedients

The Company has elected the following practical expedients in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers:

•The Company expenses costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs include internal sales force compensation programs and certain partner sales incentive programs as the Company has determined annual compensation is commensurate with annual sales activities.

•The Company generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within selling and marketing expense.

•The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

•The Company does not consider the time value of money for contracts with original durations of one year or less.