SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Operating Revenue

The following table disaggregates the Company’s operating revenue by source for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:



	2018		2017		2016
Revenue from contracts with customers	$	674,736	$	622,474	$	589,528
Regulatory balancing account revenue	23,460		53,639		19,842
Total operating revenue	$	698,196	$	676,113	$	609,370

Revenue from contracts with customers

The Company principally generates operating revenue from contracts with customers by providing regulated water and wastewater services at tariff-rates authorized by the Commissions in the states in which they operate and non-regulated water and wastewater services at rates authorized by contracts with government agencies. Revenue from contracts with customers reflects amounts billed for the volume of consumption at authorized per unit rates, for a service charge, and for other authorized charges.

The Company satisfies its performance obligation to provide water and wastewater services over time as services are rendered. The Company applies the invoice practical expedient and recognizes revenue from contracts with customers in the amount for which the Company has a right to invoice. The Company has a right to invoice for the volume of consumption, for the service charge, and for other authorized charges.

The measurement of sales to customers is generally based on the reading of their meters, which occurs on a systematic basis throughout the month. At the end of each month, the Company estimates consumption since the date of the last meter reading and a corresponding unbilled revenue is recognized. The estimate is based upon the number of unbilled days that month and the average daily customer billing rate from the previous month (which fluctuates based upon customer usage).

Contract terms are generally short-term and at will by customers and, as a result, no separate financing component is recognized for the Company's collections from customers, which generally require payment within 30 days of billing. The Company applies judgment, based principally on historical payment experience, in estimating its customers’ ability to pay.

Certain customers are not billed for volumetric consumption, but are instead billed a flat rate at the beginning of each monthly service period. The amount billed is initially deferred and subsequently recognized over the monthly service period, as the performance obligation is satisfied. The deferred revenue balance, which is included in "other accrued liabilities" on the consolidated balance sheets, is inconsequential.

In the following table, revenue from contracts with customers is disaggregated by class of customers for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:



	2018		2017		2016
Residential	$	450,062	$	415,893	$	394,438
Business	130,041		118,279		117,510
Industrial	34,236		28,905		26,330
Public authorities	34,511		31,671		29,220
Other	25,886		27,726		22,030
Total revenue from contracts with customers	$	674,736	$	622,474	$	589,528

Regulatory balancing account revenue

The Company’s ability to recover revenue requirements authorized by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) in its triennial General Rate Case (GRC), is decoupled from the volume of the sales. Regulatory balancing account revenue is revenue related to rate mechanisms authorized in California by the CPUC, which allow the Company to recover the authorized revenue and are not considered contracts with customers.

The Water Revenue Adjustment Mechanism (WRAM) allows the Company to recognize the adopted level of volumetric revenues. The variance between adopted volumetric revenues and actual billed volumetric revenues for metered accounts is recorded as regulatory balancing account revenue.

Cost-recovery rates, such as the Modified Cost Balancing Account (MCBA), provide for recovery of the adopted levels of expenses for purchased water, purchased power, pump taxes, water conservation program costs, pension, and health care. Variances between adopted and actual costs are recorded as regulatory balancing account revenue.

Each district's WRAM and MCBA regulatory assets and liabilities are allowed to be netted against one another. The Company recognizes regulatory balancing account revenues that have been authorized for rate recovery, are objectively determinable and probable of recovery, and are expected to be collected within 24 months. To the extent that regulatory balancing account revenue is estimated to be collectible beyond 24 months, recognition is deferred.

Non-Regulated Revenue

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s non-regulated revenue by source for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:



	2018		2017		2016
Operating and maintenance revenue	$	10,258	$	8,621	$	8,430
Other non-regulated revenue	5,547		5,262		6,232
Non-regulated revenue from contracts with customers	$	15,805	$	13,883	$	14,662
Lease revenue	$	2,467	$	2,015	$	1,923
Total non-regulated revenue	$	18,272	$	15,898	$	16,585

Operating and maintenance services are provided for non-regulated water and wastewater systems owned by private companies and municipalities. The Company negotiates formal agreements with the customers, under which they provide operating, maintenance and customer billing services related to the customers’ water system. The formal agreements outline the fee schedule for the services provided. The agreements typically call for a fee-per-service or a flat-rate amount per month. The Company satisfies its performance obligation of providing operating and maintenance services over time as services are rendered; as a result, the Company employs the invoice practical expedient and recognizes revenue in the amount that it has the right to invoice. Contract terms are generally short-term and, as a result, no separate financing component is recognized for its collections from customers, which generally require payment within 30 days of billing.

Other non-regulated revenue primarily relates to services for the design and installation of water mains and other water infrastructure for customers outside the regulated service areas and insurance program administration.

The Company is the lessor in operating lease agreements with telecommunications companies under which cellular phone antennas are placed on the Company's property. Lease revenue is not considered revenue from contracts with customers and is recognized following current operating lease standards.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company provides an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable. The allowance is based upon specific identified accounts plus an estimate of uncollectible accounts based upon historical percentages. The balance of customer receivables is net of the allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.8 million as of December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.

The activities in the allowance for doubtful accounts were as follows:



	2018			2017			2016
Beginning Balance	$	773		$	830		$	730
Provision for uncollectible accounts	1,703			1,570			2,111
Net write off of uncollectible accounts	(1,719		)	(1,627		)	(2,011		)
Ending Balance	$	757		$	773		$	830

Other Receivables

As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, other receivables were:



	2018		2017
Accounts receivable from developers	$	9,633	$	6,425
Other	7,468		10,039
Total other receivables	$	17,101	$	16,464

Utility Plant

Utility plant is carried at original cost when first constructed or purchased, or at fair value when acquired through acquisition. When depreciable plant is retired, the cost is eliminated from utility plant accounts and such costs are charged against accumulated depreciation. Maintenance of utility plant is charged to operating expenses as incurred. Maintenance projects are not accrued for in advance.

Intangible assets acquired as part of water systems purchased are recorded at fair value. All other intangibles have been recorded at cost and are amortized over their useful life.

The following table represents depreciable plant and equipment as of December 31:



	2018		2017
Equipment	$	643,581	$	592,612
Office buildings and other structures	267,948		245,877
Transmission and distribution plant	2,038,895		1,891,268
Total	$	2,950,424	$	2,729,757

Depreciation of utility plant is computed on a straight-line basis over the assets' estimated useful lives including cost of removal of certain assets as follows:



	Useful Lives
Equipment	5 to 50 years
Transmission and distribution plant	40 to 65 years
Office Buildings and other structures	50 years

The provision for depreciation expressed as a percentage of the aggregate depreciable asset balances was 3.02% in 2018, 3.00% in 2017 and 2.70% in 2016.

Allowance for Funds Used During Construction

The allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC) represents the capitalized cost of funds used to finance the construction of the utility plant. In general, AFUDC is applied to Cal Water construction projects requiring more than one month to complete. No AFUDC is applied to projects funded by customer advances for construction, contributions in aid of construction, or applicable state-revolving fund loans. AFUDC includes the net cost of borrowed funds and a rate of return on other funds when used, and is recovered through water rates as the utility plant is depreciated. Cal Water was authorized by the CPUC to record AFUDC on construction work in progress effective January 1, 2017. Prior to January 1, 2017, the CPUC authorized Cal Water to only record capitalized interest on borrowed funds. Cal Water previously reported the amounts authorized as capitalized interest and a reduction to interest expense.

The amount of AFUDC related to equity funds and to borrowed funds for 2018, 2017, and 2016 are shown in the tables below:



	2018		2017		2016
Allowance for equity funds used during construction	$	3,954	$	3,750	$	—
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction	2,063		2,360		2,965
Total	$	6,017	$	6,110	$	2,965

Asset Retirement Obligation

The Company has a legal obligation to retire wells in accordance with State Water Resources Control Board regulations. In addition, upon decommission of a wastewater plant or lift station certain wastewater infrastructure would need to be retired in accordance with State Water Resources Control Board regulations. An asset retirement cost and corresponding retirement obligation is recorded when a well or waste water infrastructure is placed into service. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the retirement obligation is estimated to be $24.3 million and $21.2 million, respectively. The change only impacted the consolidated balance sheet.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the time of acquisition. In 2018 and 2017, restricted cash includes $0.5 million of proceeds collected through a surcharge on certain customers' bills plus interest earned on the proceeds and is used to service California Safe Drinking Water Bond obligations.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that total to the amounts shown on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:



	December 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Cash and cash equivalents	47,176		94,776
Restricted cash (included in "taxes, prepaid expenses and other assets")	539		524
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	47,715	$	95,300

Regulatory Assets and Liabilities

Because the Company operates almost exclusively in a regulated business, the Company is subject to the accounting standards for regulated utilities. The Commissions in the states in which the Company operates establish rates that are designed to permit the recovery of the cost of service and a return on investment. The Company capitalizes and records regulatory assets for costs that would otherwise be charged to expense if it is probable that the incurred costs will be recovered in future rates. Regulatory assets are amortized over the future periods that the costs are expected to be recovered. If costs expected to be incurred in the future are currently being recovered through rates, the Company records those expected future costs as regulatory liabilities. In general, the Company does not earn a return on regulatory assets if the related costs do not accrue interest. Accordingly, the Company earns a return only on its regulatory assets for net WRAM and MCBA, pension balancing account, health care balancing account, and interim rates receivable. In addition, the Company records regulatory liabilities when the Commissions require a refund to be made to the Company's customers over future periods.

Determining probability requires significant judgment by management and includes, but is not limited to, consideration of testimony presented in regulatory hearings, proposed regulatory decisions, final regulatory orders, and the strength or status of applications for rehearing or state court appeals.

If the Company determines that a portion of the Company's assets used in utility operations is not recoverable in customer rates, the Company would be required to recognize the loss of the assets disallowed.

Regulatory assets and liabilities were comprised of the following as of December 31:



	Recovery Period	2018		2017
Regulatory Assets
Pension and retiree group health	Indefinitely	$	156,947	$	214,249
Property-related temporary differences (tax benefits flowed through to customers)	Indefinitely	99,376		87,323
Other accrued benefits	Indefinitely	25,717		28,251
Net WRAM and MCBA long-term accounts receivable	1-2 years	17,134		34,879
Asset retirement obligations, net	Indefinitely	18,197		17,126
Interim rates long-term accounts receivable	1 year	4,642		4,568
Tank coating	10 years	11,196		10,998
Health care balancing account	1 year	442		496
Pension balancing account	1 year	16,494		6,657
Other components of net periodic benefit cost	Indefinitely	3,221		—
Other regulatory assets	Various	203		935
Total Regulatory Assets		$	353,569	$	405,482
Regulatory Liabilities
Future tax benefits due to customers		$	180,205	$	170,136
Health care balancing account		3,516		2,861
Conservation program		6,880		2,273
Net WRAM and MCBA long-term payable		222		513
Pension balancing account		13		364
Tax accounting memorandum account		5,039		—
Cost of capital memorandum account		2,834		—
1,2,3 trichloropropane settlement proceeds		12,142		—
Other regulatory liabilities		424		464
Total Regulatory Liabilities		$	211,275	$	176,611

The Company's pension and postretirement health care benefits regulatory asset represents the unfunded obligation of the Company’s pension and postretirement benefit plans which the Company expects to recover from customers in the future for these plans. The pension balancing account regulatory asset/liability and the healthcare balancing account regulatory asset/liability represent incurred pension and healthcare costs that exceeded/was below the cost recovery in rates and is recoverable/refundable from/to customers. These plans are discussed in further detail in Note 11. The other components of net periodic benefit cost regulatory asset are authorized by the Commissions and are probable for rate recovery through the capital program (see Note 2).

The property-related temporary differences are primarily due to: (i) the difference between book and federal income tax depreciation on utility plant that was placed in service before the regulatory Commissions adopted normalization for rate making purposes; and (ii) certain (state) deferred taxes for which flow through accounting continues to be applied to originating deferred taxes. The regulatory asset will be recovered in rates in future periods as the tax effects of the temporary differences previously flowed-through to customers reverse.

Other accrued benefits are accrued benefits for vacation, self-insured workers' compensation, and directors' retirement benefits. The net WRAM and MCBA long-term accounts receivable is the under-collected portion of recorded revenues that are not expected to be collected from customers within 12 months.

The asset retirement obligation regulatory asset represents the difference between costs associated with asset retirement obligations and amounts collected in rates. Tank coating represents the maintenance costs for tank coating projects that are recoverable from customers.

The future tax benefits due to customers primarily resulted from federal tax law changes enacted by the federal Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) on December 22, 2017. The TCJA reduced the federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent beginning on January 1, 2018, and GAAP requires the Company to re-measure all existing deferred income tax assets and liabilities to reflect the reduction in the federal tax rate on the enactment date. The Company is working with state regulators to finalize the ratepayer refund process to ensure compliance with federal normalization rules.

The conservation program regulatory liability is for incurred conservation costs that were below the cost recovery in rates and is refundable to customers.

The tax accounting and cost of capital memorandum account regulatory liabilities are related to the estimated customer refunds due to changes in the federal income tax rate and to the March 22, 2018 cost of capital decision for Cal Water (see Item 1. Business - Rates and Regulation).

Short-term regulatory assets and liabilities are excluded from the above table. The short-term regulatory assets for 2018 and 2017 were $42.4 million and $36.8 million, respectively. The short-term regulatory assets, as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, primarily consist of net WRAM and MCBA receivables. The short-term portion of regulatory liabilities for 2018 and 2017 were $12.2 million and $59.3 million, respectively. The short-term regulatory liabilities, as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, primarily consist of TCP settlement proceeds (see Note 14 - Commitments and Contingencies) and net WRAM and MCBA liability balances.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Intangibles and Goodwill

The Company's long-lived assets include transmission and distribution plant, equipment, land, buildings, and intangible assets. Long-lived assets, other than land, are depreciated or amortized over their estimated useful lives, and are reviewed for impairment whenever changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. Such circumstances would include items such as a significant decrease in the market value of a long-lived asset, a significant adverse change in the manner in which the asset is being used or planned to be used or in its physical condition, or a history of operating or cash flow losses associated with the uses of the asset. In addition, changes in the expected useful life of these long-lived assets may also be an impairment indicator. When such events or changes occur, the Company estimates the fair value of the asset from future cash flows expected to result from the use and, if applicable, the eventual disposition of the assets, and compare that to the carrying value of the asset. If the carrying value is greater than the fair value, then an impairment loss is recognized equal to the amount by which the asset's carrying value exceeds its fair value. The key variables that must be estimated include assumptions regarding sales volume, rates, operating costs, labor and other benefit costs, capital additions, assumed discount rates and other economic factors. These variables require significant management judgment and include inherent uncertainties since they are forecasting future events. A variation in the assumptions used could lead to a different conclusion regarding the realizability of an asset and, thus could have a significant effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the sum of the amounts assigned to identifiable assets acquired less liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not amortized but instead is reviewed annually at November 30th for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. The impairment test is performed at the reporting unit level using a two- step, fair-value based approach. The first step determines the fair value of the reporting unit and compares it to the reporting unit's carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The second step allocates the fair value of the reporting unit to the Company's tangible and intangible assets and liabilities. This derives an implied fair value for the reporting unit's goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit's goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the excess.

Long-Term Debt Premium, Discount and Expense

The premiums, discounts, and issuance expenses on long-term debt are amortized over the original lives of the related debt on a straight-line basis which approximates the effective interest method. Premiums paid on the early redemption of certain debt and the unamortized original issuance discount and expense are amortized over the life of new debt issued in conjunction with the early redemption. Amortization expense included in interest expense for 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $1.1 million, $0.9 million, and $0.9 million, respectively.

Advances for Construction

Advances for construction consist of payments received from developers for installation of water production and distribution facilities to serve new developments. Advances are excluded from rate base for rate setting purposes. Annual refunds are made to developers without interest. Advances of $186.3 million, and $182.5 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, will be refunded primarily over a 40-year period in equal annual amounts. Estimated refunds of advances for the succeeding 5 years are approximately $7.9 million in 2019, $7.7 million in 2020, $7.7 million in 2021, $7.6 million in 2022, and $7.6 million in 2023.

Contributions in Aid of Construction

Contributions in aid of construction represent payments received from developers, primarily for fire protection purposes, which are not subject to refunds. Facilities funded by contributions are included in utility plant, but excluded from rate base. Depreciation related to assets acquired from contributions is charged to the Contributions in Aid of Construction account.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Measurement of the deferred tax assets and liabilities is at enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company evaluates the need for a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets based on historical taxable income and projected taxable income for future tax years.

Historically the Commissions reduced revenue requirements for the tax effects of certain originating temporary differences and allowed recovery of these tax costs as the related temporary differences reverse. The Commissions have granted the Company rate increases to reflect the normalization of the tax benefits of the federal accelerated methods and available Investment Tax Credits (ITC) for all assets placed in service after 1980. ITCs are deferred and amortized over the lives of the related properties for book purposes. The CPUC sets rates utilizing the flow through method of accounting for state income taxes.

Subsequent to 1986, Advances for Construction and Contributions in Aid of Construction were taxable for federal income tax purposes. Subsequent to 1991, Advances for Construction and Contributions in Aid of Construction were subject to California income tax. Due to changes in the federal tax law in 1996 and the California tax law in 1997 only deposits for new services were taxable. In late 2000, federal regulations were further modified to exclude contributions of fire services from taxable income. With the enactment of the TCJA, all Advances for Construction and Contributions in Aid of Construction received from developers after December 22, 2017 became taxable for federal income tax purposes.

The accounting standards for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes allows the inclusion of interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income taxes. (see Note 10 - Income Taxes).

Workers' Compensation

For workers' compensation, the Company estimates the liability associated with claims submitted and claims not yet submitted based on historical data. Expenses for workers compensation insurance are included in rates on a pay-as- you-go basis. Therefore, a corresponding regulatory asset has been recorded.

Earnings per Share

The computations of basic and diluted earnings per share are noted below. Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts were exercised or converted into common stock. Restricted Stock Awards (RSAs) are included in the common shares outstanding because the shares have all the same voting and dividend rights as issued and unrestricted common stock.

The Company did not grant any Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) in 2018, 2017, and 2016. There were 64,500 SARs outstanding during the first quarter of 2016 which resulted in 3 dilutive SARs for the year. The dilutive effect is shown in the table below:



	2018		2017		2016
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net income available to common stockholders	$	65,584	$	72,940	$	48,675
Weighted average common shares, basic	48,060		48,009		47,953
Dilutive SARs (treasury method)	—		—		3
Weighted average common shares, dilutive	48,060		48,009		47,956
Earnings per share—basic	$	1.36	$	1.52	$	1.02
Earnings per share—diluted	$	1.36	$	1.52	$	1.01

Stock-based Compensation

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period.

Comprehensive Income or Loss

Comprehensive income for all periods presented was the same as net income.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The Company did not have any accumulated other comprehensive income or loss transactions as of December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

In May of 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (codified in ASC 606), which amends the existing revenue recognition guidance. The Company completed an evaluation of the new revenue standard and implemented the standard on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method for all contracts. The reported results for 2018 reflect the application of ASC 606 guidance, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the accounting standards in effect for those periods. Other than increased disclosures regarding revenues related to contracts with customers, the implementation did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements (see "Operating Revenue" section of Note 2 above).

In August of 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This update adds and clarifies guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows. The Company is required to classify proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims on the basis of the nature of the loss and from the settlement of Company-owned life insurance policies as cash inflows on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company implemented the standard on January 1, 2018 and retrospectively applied the standard in the comparative period. The standard does not have a significant impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In November of 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted Cash. The update requires the Company to combine restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning and end of period balances in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company implemented the standard on January 1, 2018 and retrospectively applied the standard in the comparative periods.

The following tables show the effect of the accounting change to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for 2017 and 2016:



	2017
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows line item	As Previously Reported			Adjustments		As Adjusted
Change in restricted cash	$	(81	)	$	81	$	—
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(206,652	)	$	81	$	(206,571	)
Change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	69,284		$	81	$	69,365
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	25,492		$	443	$	25,935
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	94,776		$	524	$	95,300



	2016
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows line item	As Previously Reported			Adjustments			As Adjusted
Change in restricted cash	$	66		$	(66	)	$	—
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(230,839	)	$	(66	)	$	(230,905	)
Change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	16,655		$	(66	)	$	16,589
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	8,837		$	509		$	9,346
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	25,492		$	443		$	25,935

In March of 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. The update requires employers to present the service cost component of the net periodic benefit cost in the same income statement line item as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period. The other components of net benefit cost, including interest cost, expected return on plan assets, amortization of prior service cost/credit and actuarial gain/loss, and settlement and curtailment effects, are to be presented as non-operating items. In addition, the standard only allows the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization.

The standard became effective as of January 1, 2018. The presentation amendments were applied retrospectively and the capitalization amendments were applied prospectively on and after the effective date. The Company applied the practical expedient that permits the Company to use the amounts disclosed in its pension and other postretirement benefit plan footnote from the prior comparative periods as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements. The Commissions have authorized the Company to recover a portion of the other components of net periodic benefit cost through the Company’s capital program. Thus, on and after the effective date, the other components of net periodic benefit cost that have previously been recorded as part of utility plant have been recognized as a regulatory asset. As a result, the changes required by the standard did not have a material impact on the results of operations of financial position.

The following tables show the effect of the accounting change to the Consolidated Statements of Income for 2017 and 2016:



	2017
Consolidated Statement of Income line item	As Previously Reported			Adjustments			As Adjusted
Administrative and general	$	102,914		$	(9,588	)	$	93,326
Income taxes	$	28,928		$	2,887		$	31,815
Total operating expenses	$	572,267		$	(6,701	)	$	565,566
Net operating income	$	94,623		$	6,701		$	101,324
Other components of net periodic benefit cost	$	—		$	(9,588	)	$	(9,588	)
Income tax expense on other income and expenses	$	(4,435	)	$	2,887		$	(1,548	)
Net other income (loss)	$	6,486		$	(6,701	)	$	(215	)



	2016
Consolidated Statement of Income line item	As Previously Reported			Adjustments			As Adjusted
Administrative and general	$	98,474		$	(10,873	)	$	87,601
Income taxes	$	24,804		$	4,431		$	29,235
Total operating expenses	$	533,176		$	(6,442	)	$	526,734
Net operating income	$	76,194		$	6,442		$	82,636
Other components of net periodic benefit cost	$	—		$	(10,873	)	$	(10,873	)
Income tax benefit (expense) on other income and expenses	$	(2,012	)	$	4,431		$	2,419
Net other income (loss)	$	2,982		$	(6,442	)	$	(3,460	)

New Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted

In February of 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which amends the guidance relating to the definition of a lease, recognition of lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet, and the related disclosure requirements. In July of 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases: Targeted Improvements, which amends the new leasing guidance such that entities may elect not to restate their comparative periods in the period of adoption. The guidance requires lessees to recognize an asset and liability on the balance sheet for all of their lease obligations. Operating leases were previously not recognized on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt the standard using the modified retrospective method for its existing leases and expects this standard to increase lease assets and lease liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company intends to elect certain practical expedients and will carry forward historical conclusions related to (1) contracts that contain leases, (2) existing lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company will also apply the practical expedient that will allow the Company to elect, as an accounting policy, by asset class, to include both lease and nonlease components as a single component and account for it as a lease. The Company will apply the short-term lease exception for lessees which will allow the Company to not have to apply the recognition requirements of the new leasing guidance for short-term leases and to recognize lease payments in net income on a straight line basis over the lease term. The Company estimates approximately $13.8 million will be recognized as total right-of-use assets and total lease liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 1, 2019. Otherwise, the Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on the remaining consolidated financial statements.