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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Operating activities      
Net income $ 608,325 $ 581,391 $ 469,014
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:      
Provisions for credit losses 408,515 345,463 633,453
Deferred tax provision (benefit) (34,327) (23,224) (93,670)
Amortization of brokered deposit placement fee 10,529 11,681 12,904
Amortization of Secured Borrowing Facility upfront fee 2,359 2,869 2,634
Amortization of deferred loan origination costs and loan premium/(discounts), net 12,883 12,583 14,804
Net amortization of discount on investments (1,772) (2,726) 103
Reduction of tax indemnification receivable 0 2,816 5,231
Depreciation of premises and equipment 17,652 17,811 17,331
Acquired intangible assets impairment and amortization expense 5,329 66,364 7,779
Stock-based compensation expense 39,996 36,380 34,461
Unrealized (gains) losses on derivative and hedging activities, net 65 (341) 269
Gains on sale of loans, net (254,928) (160,290) (327,750)
(Gains) losses on securities, net (467) (2,678) 60,267
Acquisition transaction costs, net 0 952 2,603
Other adjustments to net income, net 12,563 16,212 14,213
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Increase in accrued interest receivable (1,110,434) (1,054,071) (819,958)
Increase in trading investments 0 0 (5,117)
Increase in non-marketable securities (11,336) (1,256) (2,050)
(Increase) decrease in other interest-earning assets 4,349 1,933 (1,507)
Increase in other assets (6,531) (38,902) (23,472)
Increase (decrease) in income tax payable, net (20,408) 36,723 (15,063)
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest payable 3,423 33,480 24,986
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities (15,180) (27,807) (6,473)
Total adjustments (937,720) (726,028) (464,022)
Total net cash (used in) provided by operating activities (329,395) (144,637) 4,992
Investing activities      
Loans acquired and originated (7,064,230) (6,452,199) (6,081,389)
Net proceeds from sales of loans held for investment and loans held for sale 4,246,602 3,198,502 3,459,527
Proceeds from FFELP Loan claim payments 27,579 50,145 33,197
Net decrease in loans held for investment and loans held for sale (other than loans acquired and originated, and loan sales) 2,725,473 3,046,064 3,586,825
Purchases of available-for-sale securities (91,881) (105,970) (753,129)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities 832,450 265,652 960,015
Purchase of subsidiary, net of cash acquired 0 (14,654) (127,654)
Total net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 675,993 (12,460) 1,077,392
Financing activities      
Brokered deposit placement fee (7,975) (7,841) (11,170)
Net increase in certificates of deposit 88,444 953,412 130,109
Net increase (decrease) in other deposits (687,108) (770,485) 570,147
Borrowings collateralized by loans in securitization trusts - issued 2,206,704 1,135,036 572,640
Borrowings collateralized by loans in securitization trusts - repaid (1,004,117) (1,154,269) (1,278,183)
Fees paid on Secured Borrowing Facility (2,357) (2,868) (2,833)
Preferred stock dividends paid (18,296) (17,705) (9,029)
Common stock dividends paid (99,172) (101,233) (112,961)
Common stock repurchased (247,968) (350,264) (713,197)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 228,155 (316,232) (854,892)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 574,753 (473,329) 227,492
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 4,299,507 4,772,836 4,545,344
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year 4,874,260 4,299,507 4,772,836
Cash disbursements made for:      
Interest 1,109,084 963,260 482,974
Income taxes paid 243,341 191,690 272,940
Income taxes refunded (1,395) (8,201) (2,043)
Reconciliation of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows to the Consolidated Balance Sheets:      
Cash and cash equivalents 4,700,366 4,149,838 4,616,117
Restricted cash 173,894 149,669 156,719
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 4,874,260 4,299,507 4,772,836
Supplemental non-cash operating and investing activities:      
Accrued interest capitalized during the period 632,504 632,649 589,725
Trading investments received in consideration for loans sold 5,218 5,327 16,477
Available-for-sale investments received in consideration for loans sold 210,371 162,256 222,663
Collateralized Securities      
Financing activities      
Issuance costs for unsecured debt offering 0 (15) (40)
Unsecured Debt      
Financing activities      
Issuance costs for unsecured debt offering $ 0 $ 0 $ (375)