0000919574-12-002932.txt : 20120427 0000919574-12-002932.hdr.sgml : 20120427 20120427163526 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000919574-12-002932 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 20-F PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 14 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20111231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20120427 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20120427 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: KNIGHTSBRIDGE TANKERS LTD CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001029145 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: WATER TRANSPORTATION [4400] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 20-F SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-29106 FILM NUMBER: 12790112 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: PAR LA VILLE PLACE, 4TH FLOOR STREET 2: 14 PAR LA VILLE ROAD CITY: HAMILTON HM 08 STATE: D0 ZIP: 00000 BUSINESS PHONE: 4412956935 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: PAR LA VILLE PLACE, 4TH FLOOR STREET 2: 14 PAR LA VILLE ROAD CITY: HAMILTON HM 08 STATE: D0 ZIP: 00000 20-F 1 d1282142_20-f.htm d1282142_20-f.htm
UNITED STATES
  SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC. 20549

FORM 20-F
 
 
(Mark One)

 
o
REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g)
 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
OR
 
 
 
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011
 
 
OR
 
 
 
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 For the transition period from _________________to___________________
 
OR
 
 
 
o
SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
 
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Date of event requiring this shell company report  _______________________________
 
 

Commission file number
000-29106
 
 

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 
(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
 
 
Bermuda
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
 
Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
 
Georgina Sousa, Telephone: (1) 441 295 6935, Facsimile: (1) 441 295 3494,
Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act
 
 
 
 

 

 
Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
 
 
 
Common  Shares, Par Value $0.01 Per Share
 
NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.

 
None
(Title of Class)
 

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

Common Shares, Par Value $0.01 Per Share
(Title of Class)

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.

24,425,699 Common Shares, Par Value $0.01 Per Share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 
Yes o
 
No x

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 
Yes o
 
No x

Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 
Yes x
 
No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

 
Yes  x
 
No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  o
 
Accelerated filer  x
 
Non-accelerated filer  o

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP x
 
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board o
 
Other o
If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

 
Item 17 o
 
Item 18 o

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 
Yes o
 
No x
 
 
 

 
INDEX TO REPORT ON FORM 20-F


 
 
PAGE
PART I
 
 
 
Item 1.
Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
1
Item 2.
Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
 1
Item 3.
Key Information
 1
Item 4.
Information on the Company
 18
Item 4A.
Unresolved Staff Comments
 27
Item 5.
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
 28
Item 6.
Directors, Senior Management and Employees
 39
Item 7.
Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
 43
Item 8.
Financial Information
 44
Item 9.
The Offer and Listing
 45
Item 10.
Additional Information
 45
Item 11.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 53
Item 12.
Description of Securities other than Equity Securities
 53
 
PART II
 
 
 
Item 13.
Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
 54
Item 14.
Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
 54
Item 15.
Controls and Procedures
 54
Item 16.
[Reserved]
 55
Item 16A.
Audit committee financial expert
 55
Item 16B.
Code of Ethics
 55
Item 16C.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
 55
Item 16D.
Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees
 56
Item 16E.
Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
 56
Item 16F.
Change in Registrant's Certifying Accountant
 56
Item 16G.
Corporate Governance
 56
Item 16H.
Mine Safety Disclosures
 56
 
PART III
 
 
 
Item 17.
Financial Statements
57
Item 18.
Financial Statements
57
Item 19.
Exhibits
57
 
 
 

 
 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Matters discussed in this report and the documents incorporated by reference may constitute forward-looking statements. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor protections for forward-looking statements, which include statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are other than statements of historical facts.
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its subsidiaries, or the Company, desires to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is including this cautionary statement in connection with this safe harbor legislation. This report and any other written or oral statements made by us or on our behalf may include forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. The words "believe," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "forecast," "project," "plan," "potential," "will," "may," "should," "expect" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.
 
The forward-looking statements in this report are based upon various assumptions, including, without limitation, management's examination of historical operating trends, data contained in our records and data available from third parties. Although we believe that these assumptions were reasonable when made, because these assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond our control, we cannot assure you that we will achieve or accomplish these expectations, beliefs or projections. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
 
In addition to these important factors and matters discussed elsewhere herein and in the documents incorporated by reference herein, important factors that, in our view, could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include the strength of world economies, fluctuations in currencies and interest rates, general market conditions, including fluctuations in charter hire rates and vessel values, changes in demand in the tanker and dry bulk markets, changes in world wide oil production and consumption and storage, changes in the Company's operating expenses, including bunker prices, drydocking and insurance costs, the market for the Company's vessels, availability of financing and refinancing, changes in governmental rules and regulations or actions taken by regulatory authorities, potential liability from pending or future litigation, general domestic and international political conditions, potential disruption of shipping routes due to accidents, political events or acts by terrorists, and other important factors described from time to time in the reports filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission.

We caution readers of this report not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates.  These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of our future performance, and actual results and future developments may vary materially from those projected in the forward looking statements. Please see our Risk Factors in Item 3 of this report for a more complete discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties.
 
 
 
i

 
 
PART I

ITEM 1.  IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.  OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3.  KEY INFORMATION

Throughout this report, the "Company," "we," "us" and "our" all refer to Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its subsidiaries. We use the term deadweight ton, or dwt, in describing the size of vessels. Dwt, expressed in metric tons, each of which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms, refers to the maximum weight of cargo and supplies that a vessel can carry. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to "USD," "US$" and "$" in this report are to, and amounts are presented in, U.S. dollars.

A.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected statement of operations data of the Company with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, and the selected balance sheet data of the Company with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, have been derived from the Company's consolidated financial statements included herein and should be read in conjunction with such statements and the notes thereto. The selected statement of operations data with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the selected balance sheet data with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 have been derived from consolidated financial statements of the Company not included herein. The following table should also be read in conjunction with Item 5. "Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included herein. The Company's accounts are maintained in U.S. dollars.

    Fiscal year ended December 31,  
    2011     2010     2009       2008   2007  
(in thousands of $, except shares, per share data and ratios)
 
Statement of Operations Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Total operating revenues
 
 
94,517
     
95,897
 
 
67,339
   
82,914
 
 
88,160
 
Total operating expenses
 
 
56,303
     
52,730
 
 
43,583
   
33,796
 
 
46,913
 
Net operating income
 
 
38,214
     
43,167
 
 
23,756
   
49,118
 
 
90,366
 
Net income
 
 
32,652
     
38,557
 
 
21,680
   
48,054
 
 
84,836
 
Earnings per common share
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
- basic
 
 
1.34
     
2.02
 
 
1.27
   
2.81
 
 
4.96
 
- diluted
   
1.33
     
2.02
   
1.27
   
2.81
   
4.96
 
Cash dividend declared per share
 
 
2.00
     
1.70
 
 
0.25
   
2.75
 
 
2.50
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheet Data (at end of year):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
 
46,848
     
56,771
 
 
7,964
   
77,998
 
 
82,143
 
Restricted cash
 
 
15,000
     
15,000
 
 
10,000
   
10,000
 
 
10,000
 
Newbuildings
 
 
-
     
-
 
 
-
   
51,305
 
 
33,459
 
Vessels, net
 
 
436,273
     
459,032
 
 
344,399
   
187,360
 
 
201,072
 
Total assets
 
 
521,219
     
541,953
 
 
374,946
   
331,685
 
 
342,166
 
CurrCurrent portion of long-term debt
 
 
3,600
     
3,600
 
 
13,960
   
42,560
 
 
8,960
 
Long-term debt
 
 
150,140
     
153,740
 
 
106,520
   
60,480
 
 
103,040
 
Share capital
 
 
244
     
244
 
 
171
   
171
 
 
171
 
Total equity
 
 
359,932
     
375,901
 
 
239,710
   
222,305
 
 
221,276
 
Common shares outstanding
 
 
24,425,699
     
24,425,699
 
 
17,100,000
   
17,100,000
 
 
17,100,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Other Financial Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Equity to assets ratio (percentage) (1)
 
 
69.1
%
   
69.4
%
 
63.9%
   
67.0
%
 
64.7
%
Debt to equity ratio (2)
 
 
0.4
     
0.4
 
 
0.5
   
0.5
 
 
0.5
 
Price earnings ratio (3)
 
 
10.2
     
11.0
 
 
10.4
   
5.2
 
 
4.9
 
Time charter equivalent revenue (4)
 
 
83,302
     
85,430
 
 
58,751
   
78,902
 
 
75,288
 
 
 
1

 

(1)
Equity to assets ratio is calculated as total equity divided by total assets.
(2)
Debt to equity ratio is calculated as total interest bearing current and long-term liabilities divided by total equity.
(3)
Price earnings ratio is calculated using the year end share price divided by basic earnings per share.
(4)
A reconciliation of time charter equivalent revenues to total operating revenues as reflected in the consolidated statements of operation is as follows:

 
 
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
2009
 
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
(in thousands of $)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total operating revenues
 
 
94,517
 
 
 
95,897
 
 
 
67,339
 
 
 
82,914
 
 
 
88,160
 
Less: Voyage expense
 
 
(11,215
)
 
 
(10,467
)
 
 
(8,588
)
 
 
(4,012
)
 
 
(12,872
)
Time charter equivalent revenue
 
 
83,302
 
 
 
85,430
 
 
 
58,751
 
 
 
78,902
 
 
 
75,288
 

Consistent with general practice in the shipping industry, the Company uses time charter equivalent revenues, which represents operating revenues less voyage expenses, as a measure to compare revenue generated from a voyage charter to revenue generated from a time charter. Time charter equivalent revenues, a non-GAAP measure, provides additional meaningful information in conjunction with operating revenues, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, because it assists Company management in making decisions regarding the deployment and use of its vessels and in evaluating their financial performance.

B.  CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

Not applicable.

C.  REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

D. RISK FACTORS

We are engaged in the seaborne transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes. We own and operate, through our subsidiaries, a fleet of eight vessels, consisting of four double hull Very Large Crude Carriers, or VLCCs, and four Capesize dry bulk carriers. The following summarizes the risks that may materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
 
Risks Related to Our Industry
 
Tankers
 
If the tanker industry, which historically has been cyclical and volatile, continues to be depressed or declines further in the future, our revenues, earnings and available cash flow may be adversely affected.
 
Historically, the tanker industry has been highly cyclical, with volatility in profitability, charter rates and asset values resulting from changes in the supply of, and demand for, tanker capacity. After reaching highs during the summer of 2008, charter rates for crude oil carriers fell dramatically during the global financial crisis and current rates continue to remain at relatively low levels compared to the rates achieved in the years preceding the global financial crisis. Fluctuations in charter rates and tanker values result from changes in the supply of and demand for tanker capacity and changes in the supply of and demand for oil and oil products. According to industry sources, newbuilding deliveries of oil tankers in 2010 and 2011 increased from their relatively low level in 2009, and vessels scheduled to be delivered from the yard and enter into service during 2012 and 2013 are expected to represent approximately 21% of the global tanker fleet. These factors may adversely affect the rates payable and the amounts we receive in respect of our vessels. Our ability to re-charter our vessels on the expiration or termination of their current spot, time and bareboat charters and the charter rates payable under any renewal or replacement charters will depend upon, among other things, economic conditions in the tanker market and we cannot guarantee that any renewal or replacement charters we enter into will be sufficient to allow us to operate our vessels profitably.
 
 
2

 
 
The factors that influence demand for tanker capacity include:
 
 
supply and demand for oil and oil products;
 
 
global and regional economic and political conditions, including developments in international trade, national oil reserves policies, fluctuations in industrial and agricultural production and armed conflicts;
 
 
 
regional availability of refining capacity;
 
environmental and other legal and regulatory developments;
 
 
the distance oil and oil products are to be moved by sea;
 
 
changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns, including changes in the distances over which tanker cargoes are transported by sea;
 
 
increases in the production of oil in areas linked by pipelines to consuming areas, the extension of existing, or the development of new, pipeline systems in markets we may serve, or the conversion of existing non-oil pipelines to oil pipelines in those markets;
 
 
currency exchange rates;
 
 
weather and acts of God and natural disasters;
 
 
competition from alternative sources of energy and from other shipping companies and other modes of transport;
 
 
international sanctions, embargoes, import and export restrictions, nationalizations, piracy and wars; and
 
 
regulatory changes including regulations adopted by supranational authorities and/or industry bodies, such as safety and environmental regulations and requirements by major oil companies.
 
The factors that influence the supply of tanker capacity include:
 
 
current and expected purchase orders for tankers;
 
 
the number of tanker newbuilding deliveries;
 
 
any potential delays in the delivery of newbuilding vessels and/or cancellations of newbuilding orders;
 
 
the scrapping rate of older tankers;
 
 
technological advances in tanker design and capacity;
 
 
tanker freight rates, which are affected by factors that may affect the rate of newbuilding, swapping and laying up of tankers;
 
 
port and canal congestion;
 
 
price of steel and vessel equipment;
 
 
conversion of tankers to other uses or conversion of other vessels to tankers;
 
 
the number of tankers that are out of service; and
 
 
changes in environmental and other regulations that may limit the useful lives of tankers.
 
The factors affecting the supply and demand for tankers have been volatile and are outside of our control, and the nature, timing and degree of changes in industry conditions are unpredictable, including those discussed above. The current global economic downturn may reduce demand for transportation of oil over longer distances and increase supply of tankers to carry that oil, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and ability to pay dividends.
 
 
3

 
 
In addition, the recent downturn in the tanker industry has had an adverse impact on many tanker companies, including General Maritime Corporation and Omega Navigation Enterprises Inc., companies not affiliated with us, which have recently filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In addition, other companies in the industry, including Frontline Ltd. (NYSE: FRO), or Frontline, the parent company of our General Manager, have significantly restructured their operations in response to the financial downturn. If these trends continue, in order for us to remain viable, we may not be able to continue to pay dividends and we may have to sell vessels in our fleet and/or seek to raise additional capital in the equity markets and/or assume additional indebtedness.
 
The international tanker industry has experienced volatile charter rates and vessel values and there can be no assurance that these charter rates and vessel values will return to their previous levels.
 
Charter rates in the tanker industry are volatile. We anticipate that future demand for our vessels, and in turn our future charter rates, will be dependent upon economic growth in the world's economies, as well as seasonal and regional changes in demand and changes in the capacity of the world's fleet. We believe that the relatively high charter rates that were paid prior to 2008 were the result of economic growth in the world economy that exceeded growth in global vessel capacity. Since 2008, charter rates have declined significantly and there can be no assurance that economic growth will not stagnate or decline leading to a further decrease in vessel values and charter rates. A further decline in vessel values and charter rates would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay dividends.
 
Any decrease in shipments of crude oil may adversely affect our financial performance.
 
The demand for our oil tankers derives primarily from demand for Arabian Gulf, West African, North Sea and Caribbean crude oil, which, in turn, primarily depends on the economies of the world's industrial countries and competition from alternative energy sources. A wide range of economic, social and other factors can significantly affect the strength of the world's industrial economies and their demand for crude oil from the mentioned geographical areas. One such factor is the price of worldwide crude oil. The world's oil markets have experienced high levels of volatility in the last 25 years. In July 2008, oil prices rose to a high of approximately $143 per barrel before decreasing to approximately $38 per barrel by the end of December 2008 and then rising to approximately $92 per barrel as of the end of December 2010 and continuing to rise to approximately $100 per barrel by the end of December 2011 and to approximately $120 per barrel by the middle of April 2012.
 
Any decrease in shipments of crude oil from the above mentioned geographical areas would have a material adverse effect on our financial performance. Among the factors which could lead to such a decrease are:
 
 
increased crude oil production from other areas;
 
 
increased refining capacity in the Arabian Gulf or West Africa;
 
 
increased use of existing and future crude oil pipelines in the Arabian Gulf or West Africa;
 
 
 
a decision by Arabian Gulf or West African oil-producing nations to increase their crude oil prices or to further decrease or limit their crude oil production;
 
 
armed conflict in the Arabian Gulf and West Africa and political or other factors; and
 
 
the development and the relative costs of nuclear power, natural gas, coal and other alternative sources of energy.
 
In addition, the current economic conditions affecting the United States and world economies may result in reduced consumption of oil products and a decreased demand for our vessels and lower charter rates, which could have a material adverse effect on our earnings and our ability to pay dividends.
 
An over-supply of tanker capacity may lead to reductions in charter rates, vessel values and profitability.
 
In recent years, shipyards have produced a large number of new tankers. If the capacity of new vessels delivered exceeds the capacity of tankers being scrapped and converted to non-trading tankers, tanker capacity will increase. If the supply of tanker capacity increases and the demand for tanker capacity does not increase correspondingly, charter rates could materially decline. A reduction in charter rates and the value of our vessels may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or our ability to pay dividends.
 
 
4

 
 
Dry bulk
 
Charter hire rates for dry bulk vessels may decrease in the future, which may adversely affect our earnings.
 
The dry bulk shipping industry is cyclical with attendant volatility in charter hire rates and profitability. The degree of charter hire rate volatility among different types of dry bulk vessels has varied widely, and charter hire rates for dry bulk vessels have declined significantly from historically high levels. Fluctuations in charter rates result from changes in the supply and demand for vessel capacity and changes in the supply and demand for the major commodities carried by water internationally. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully charter our vessels in the future or renew existing charters at rates sufficient to allow us to meet our obligations. The supply of and demand for shipping capacity strongly influence charter rates. Because the factors affecting the supply and demand for vessels are outside of our control and are unpredictable, the nature, timing, direction and degree of changes in industry conditions are also unpredictable.
 
Factors that influence demand for vessel capacity include:
 
 
supply and demand for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
 
 
changes in the exploration or production of energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
 
 
the location of regional and global exploration, production and manufacturing facilities;
 
 
the location of consuming regions for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
 
 
the globalization of production and manufacturing;
 
 
global and regional economic and political conditions, including armed conflicts and terrorist activities, embargoes and strikes;
 
 
developments in international trade;
 
 
changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns, including the distance cargo is transported by sea;
 
 
environmental and other regulatory developments;
 
 
currency exchange rates; and
 
 
weather.
 
Factors that influence the supply of vessel capacity include:
 
 
number of newbuilding deliveries;
 
 
port and canal congestion;
 
 
scrapping of older vessels;
 
 
vessel casualties; and
 
 
number of vessels that are out of service.
 
Demand for our dry bulk vessels is dependent upon economic growth in the world's economies, seasonal and regional changes in demand, changes in the capacity of the global dry bulk fleet and the sources and supply of dry bulk cargo transported by sea. Given the large number of new dry bulk carriers currently on order with shipyards, the capacity of the global dry bulk carrier fleet seems likely to increase and economic growth may not resume in areas that have experienced a recession or continue in other areas. Adverse economic, political, social or other developments could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
 
 
5

 
 
The continued downturn in the dry bulk carrier charter market has had and may continue to have an adverse effect on our earnings.
 
The abrupt and dramatic downturn in the dry bulk charter market, from which we derive a portion of our revenues, has severely affected the dry bulk shipping industry. The BDI fell 94% from a peak of 11,793 in May 2008 to a low of 663 in December 2008 and remained volatile during 2009, reaching a low of 772 on January 5, 2009 and a high of 4,661 on November 19, 2009. The BDI continued its volatility in 2010, increasing from 3,235 in January 2010 to a high of 4,209 in May 2010 before subsequently decreasing to a low of 1,700 in July 2010. Following a short period of increase in the third quarter of 2010, the BDI fell to near July 2010 levels by the end of 2010. The BDI further decreased in 2011 with a low of 1,043 in February and has continued to decline in 2012 to 944 in mid-April.
 
This downturn in dry bulk charter rates and their volatility, which has resulted from the economic dislocation worldwide and the disruption of the credit markets, have had a number of adverse consequences for dry bulk shipping, including, among other things:
 
 
an absence of financing for vessels;
 
 
no active second-hand market for the sale of vessels;
 
 
extremely low charter rates, particularly for vessels employed in the spot market;
 
 
widespread loan covenant defaults in the dry bulk shipping industry; and
 
 
declaration of bankruptcy by some operators and ship owners as well as charterers.
 
The occurrence of one or more of these events could adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. There can be no assurance that the dry bulk charter market will recover and the market could continue to decline further.
 
Dry bulk carrier values have also declined both as a result of a slowdown in the availability of global credit and the significant deterioration in charter rates. Charter rates and vessel values have been affected in part by the lack of availability of credit to finance both vessel purchases and purchases of commodities carried by sea, resulting in a decline in cargo shipments, and the excess supply of iron ore in China, which resulted in falling iron ore prices and increased stockpiles in Chinese ports. There can be no assurance as to how long spot charter rates and vessel values will remain at their currently low levels. Charter rates may remain at low levels for some time which will adversely affect our revenue and profitability.
 
In addition, because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings. If we sell vessels at a time when vessel prices have fallen and before we have recorded an impairment adjustment to our financial statements, the sale may be at less than the vessel's carrying amount in our financial statements, resulting in a loss and a reduction in earnings.
 
An oversupply of dry bulk carrier capacity may lead to reductions in charter hire rates and profitability.
 
The market supply of dry bulk carriers has been increasing as a result of the delivery of numerous newbuilding orders over the last few years. Newbuildings were delivered in increasing numbers starting at the beginning of 2006 and continued to be delivered in increasing numbers from 2007 through 2011.
 
An oversupply of dry bulk carrier capacity may result in a reduction of charter hire rates, as evidenced by historically low rates in December 2008. If such dry bulk carrier capacity increase continues, we may only be able to re-charter our vessels at reduced or unprofitable rates, or we may not be able to re-charter these vessels at all. The occurrence of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
Shipping Generally
 
Risks involved with operating ocean-going vessels could affect our business and reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
 
The operation of an ocean-going vessel carries inherent risks. These risks include the possibility of:
 
 
a marine disaster;
 
 
terrorism;
 
 
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environmental accidents;
 
 
cargo and property losses or damage; and
 
 
business interruptions caused by mechanical failure, human error, war, terrorism, piracy, political action in various countries, labor strikes, or adverse weather conditions.
 
Any of these circumstances or events could increase our costs or lower our revenues. The involvement of our vessels in an oil spill or other environmental disaster may harm our reputation as a safe and reliable tanker and dry bulk operator.
 
If economic conditions throughout the world do not improve, it will impede our operations.
 
Negative trends in the global economy that emerged in 2008 continue to adversely affect global economic conditions. In addition, the world economy is currently facing a number of new challenges, including the recent turmoil and hostilities in the Middle East, North Africa and other geographic areas and countries. There has historically been a strong link between the development of the world economy and demand for energy, including oil and gas. An extended period of deterioration in the outlook for the world economy could reduce the overall demand for oil and gas and for our services. Such changes could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.
 
The United States, the European Union and other parts of the world have recently been or are currently in a recession and continue to exhibit weak economic trends. The credit markets in the United States and Europe have experienced significant contraction, de-leveraging and reduced liquidity, and the U.S. federal government and state governments and European authorities have implemented and are considering a broad variety of governmental action and/or new regulation of the financial markets. Securities and futures markets and the credit markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and other requirements. The Commission and other regulators, self-regulatory organizations and exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies, and may effect changes in law or interpretations of existing laws. Global financial markets and economic conditions have been, and continue to be, severely disrupted and volatile. Credit markets and the debt and equity capital markets have been exceedingly distressed.
 
We face risks attendant to changes in economic environments, changes in interest rates, and instability in the banking and securities markets around the world, among other factors. We cannot predict how long the current market conditions will last. However, these recent and developing economic and governmental factors, together with the concurrent decline in charter rates and vessel values, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, may have caused the price of our common shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market to decline and could cause the price of our common shares to decline further.
 
The continued economic slowdown in the Asia Pacific region, especially in Japan and China, may exacerbate the effect on us of the recent slowdown in the rest of the world. Before the global economic financial crisis that began in 2008, China had one of the world's fastest growing economies in terms of gross domestic product, or GDP, which had a significant impact on shipping demand. While the year-over-year growth rate of China's GDP increased for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2011, the Chinese GDP growth rate remains below pre-2008 levels and is expected to decrease to 8.5% in 2012. China has imposed measures to restrain lending, which may further contribute to a slowdown in its economic growth. China and other countries in the Asia Pacific region may continue to experience slowed or even negative economic growth in the future. Moreover, the current economic slowdown in the economies of the United States, the European Union and other Asian countries may further adversely affect economic growth in China and elsewhere. Our financial condition and results of operations, as well as our future prospects, would likely be impeded by a continuing or worsening economic downturn in any of these countries.
 
The instability of the euro or the inability of countries to refinance their debts could have a material adverse effect on our revenue, profitability and financial position
 
As a result of the credit crisis in Europe, in particular in Greece, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Spain, the European Commission created the European Financial Stability Facility, or the EFSF, and the European Financial Stability Mechanism, or the EFSM, to provide funding to Eurozone countries in financial difficulties that seek such support. In March 2011, the European Council agreed on the need for Eurozone countries to establish a permanent stability mechanism, the European Stability Mechanism, or the ESM, to assume the role of the EFSF and the EFSM in providing external financial assistance to Eurozone countries.  The launch of the ESM, which is expected in July 2012, is conditioned upon its ratification by European Union member states representing 90% of the capital commitments. Despite these measures, concerns persist regarding the debt burden of certain Eurozone countries and their ability to meet future financial obligations and the overall stability of the euro. An extended period of adverse development in the outlook for European countries could reduce the overall demand for oil and gas and for our services. These potential developments, or market perceptions concerning these and related issues, could affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flow.
 
 
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The current state of the global financial markets and current economic conditions may adversely impact our ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms and otherwise negatively impact our business.
 
Global financial markets and economic conditions have been, and continue to be, volatile. Recently, operating businesses in the global economy have faced tightening credit, weakening demand for goods and services, deteriorating international liquidity conditions and declining markets. There has been a general decline in the willingness by banks and other financial institutions to extend credit, particularly in the shipping industry, due to the historically volatile asset values of vessels. As the shipping industry is highly dependent on the availability of credit to finance and expand operations, it has been negatively affected by this decline.
 
Also, as a result of concerns about the stability of financial markets generally and the solvency of counterparties specifically, the cost of obtaining money from the credit markets has increased as many lenders have increased interest rates, enacted tighter lending standards, refused to refinance existing debt at all or on terms similar to current debt and reduced, and in some cases ceased, to provide funding to borrowers. Due to these factors, we cannot be certain that financing will be available if needed and to the extent required, on acceptable terms. If financing is not available when needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, we may be unable to meet our obligations as they come due or we may be unable to enhance our existing business, complete additional vessel acquisitions or otherwise take advantage of business opportunities as they arise.
 
In addition, at times, lower demand for dry bulk cargoes and crude oil as well as diminished trade credit available for the delivery of such dry bulk cargoes and crude oil have led to decreased demand for dry bulk vessels and tankers, respectively, creating downward pressure on charter rates.
 
If the current global economic environment persists or worsens, we may be negatively affected in the following ways:
 
 
we may not be able to employ our vessels at charter rates as favorable to us as historical rates or at all or operate our vessels profitably; and
 
 
the market value of our vessels could decrease, which may cause us to recognize losses if any of our vessels are sold or if their values are impaired.
 
The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
Acts of piracy on ocean-going vessels could adversely affect our business.
 
Acts of piracy have historically affected ocean-going vessels trading in regions of the world such as the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean and in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. Although sea piracy worldwide decreased slightly in 2011 for the first time in five years, throughout 2008, 2009 and 2010, the frequency of piracy incidents increased significantly, particularly in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. If these piracy attacks result in regions in which our vessels are deployed being characterized by insurers as "war risk" zones by insurers or Joint War Committee "war and strikes" listed areas, premiums payable for such coverage could increase significantly and such insurance coverage may be more difficult to obtain. In addition, crew costs, including costs which may be incurred to the extent we employ onboard security guards, could increase in such circumstances. We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from these incidents, which could have a material adverse effect on us. In addition, detention hijacking as a result of an act of piracy against our vessels, or an increase in cost, or unavailability of insurance for our vessels, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends and may result in loss of revenues, increased costs and decreased cash flows to our customers, which could impair their ability to make payments to us under our charters.
 
World events could affect our results of operations and financial condition.
 
Terrorist attacks in New York on September 11, 2001, in London on July 7, 2005 and in Mumbai on November 26, 2008 and the continuing response of the United States and others to these attacks, as well as the threat of future terrorist attacks in the United States or elsewhere, continue to cause uncertainty in the world's financial markets and may affect our business, operating results and financial condition. Continuing conflicts and recent developments in the Middle East, including Egypt, and North Africa, including Libya, and the presence of United States and other armed forces in Afghanistan, may lead to additional acts of terrorism and armed conflict around the world, which may contribute to further economic instability in the global financial markets. These uncertainties could also adversely affect our ability to obtain financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. In the past, political conflicts have also resulted in attacks on vessels, such as the October 2002 attack on the M.V. Limburg, a very large crude carrier not related to us, mining of waterways and other efforts to disrupt international shipping, particularly in the Arabian Gulf region. Acts of terrorism and piracy have also affected vessels trading in regions such as the South China Sea and the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. Any of these occurrences, or the perception that our vessels are potential terrorist targets, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay dividends.
 
 
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Our vessels may call on ports located in countries that are subject to restrictions imposed by the U.S. or other governments, which could adversely affect our reputation and the market for our common shares.
 
From time to time on charterers' instructions, our vessels may call on ports located in countries subject to sanctions and embargoes imposed by the United States government and countries identified by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism, such as Cuba, Iran, Sudan and Syria, and in the past, certain of our vessels have made port calls to Iran. The U.S. sanctions and embargo laws and regulations vary in their application, as they do not all apply to the same covered persons or proscribe the same activities, and such sanctions and embargo laws and regulations may be amended or strengthened over time. With effect from July 1, 2010, the U.S. enacted the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions Accountability and Divestment Act, or CISADA, which expanded the scope of the Iran Sanctions Act. Among other things, CISADA expands the application of the prohibitions to companies, such as ours, and introduces limits on the ability of companies and persons to do business or trade with Iran when such activities relate to the investment, supply or export of refined petroleum or petroleum products. Although we believe that we are in compliance with all applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations, and intend to maintain such compliance, there can be no assurance that we will be in compliance in the future, particularly as the scope of certain laws may be unclear and may be subject to changing interpretations. Any such violation could result in fines or other penalties and could result in some investors deciding, or being required, to divest their interest, or not to invest, in our company. Additionally, some investors may decide to divest their interest, or not to invest, in our company simply because we do business with companies that do business in sanctioned countries. Moreover, our charterers may violate applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations as a result of actions that do not involve us or our vessels, and those violations could in turn negatively affect our reputation. Investor perception of the value of our Common Shares, par value $0.01 per share, or Common Shares, may also be adversely affected by the consequences of war, the effects of terrorism, civil unrest and governmental actions in these and surrounding countries.
 
Compliance with safety and other vessel requirements imposed by classification societies may be costly and could reduce our net cash flows and net income.
 
The hull and machinery of every commercial vessel must be certified as being "in class" by a classification society authorized by its country of registry. The classification society certifies that a vessel is safe and seaworthy in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of the country of registry of the vessel and the Safety of Life at Sea Convention.
 
A vessel must undergo annual surveys, intermediate surveys and special surveys. In lieu of a special survey, a vessel's machinery may be placed on a continuous survey cycle, under which the machinery would be surveyed periodically over a five-year period. We expect our vessels to be on special survey cycles for hull inspection and continuous survey cycles for machinery inspection. Every vessel is also required to be drydocked every two to three years for inspection of its underwater parts.
 
Compliance with the above requirements may result in significant expense. If any vessel does not maintain its class or fails any annual, intermediate or special survey, the vessel will be unable to trade between ports and will be unemployable, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
We are subject to complex laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations, that can adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our operations are subject to numerous laws and regulations, in the form of international conventions and treaties, national, state and local laws and national and international regulations in force in the jurisdictions in which our vessels operate or are registered, which can significantly affect the ownership and operation of our vessels. These requirements include, but are not limited to, the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, the U.S. Clean Air Act, the U.S. Clean Water Act, the International Maritime Organization, or IMO, International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, generally referred to as CLC, the IMO International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, the IMO International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships of 1973, generally referred to as MARPOL, the IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea of 1974, generally referred to as SOLAS, the IMO International Convention on Load Lines of 1966 and the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002. Compliance with such laws and regulations, where applicable, may require installation of costly equipment or operational changes and may affect the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. Compliance with such laws and regulations may require us to obtain certain permits or authorizations prior to commencing operations. Failure to obtain such permits or authorizations could materially impact our business results of operations, financial conditions and ability to pay dividends by delaying or limiting our ability to accept charterers. We may also incur additional costs in order to comply with other existing and future regulatory obligations, including, but not limited to, costs relating to air emissions including greenhouse gases, the management of ballast waters, maintenance and inspection, development and implementation of emergency procedures and insurance coverage or other financial assurance of our ability to address pollution incidents. Additionally, we cannot predict with certainty the cost of compliance with any new regulations that may be promulgated as a result of the 2010 BP plc Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico or otherwise in the future. These costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition and our available cash.
 
 
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The IMO, which is the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of pollution by ships, has negotiated international conventions that impose liability for pollution in international waters and the territorial waters of the nations signatory to such conventions. For example, the IMO adopted an International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, or the BWM Convention, in February 2004. The BWM Convention's implementing regulations call for a phased introduction of mandatory ballast water exchange requirements, to be replaced in time with mandatory concentration limits. The BWM Convention will not become effective until 12 months after it has been adopted by 30 states, the combined merchant fleets of which represent not less than 35% of the gross tonnage of the world's merchant shipping. To date, there has not been sufficient adoption of this standard for it to take force. However, Panama may adopt this standard in the relatively near future, which would be sufficient for it to take force. If mid-ocean ballast exchange is made mandatory, or if ballast water treatment requirements or options are instituted, the cost of compliance could increase for ocean carriers, and the costs of ballast water treatment may be material.
 
A failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations may result in administrative and civil penalties, criminal sanctions or the suspension or termination of our operations. Environmental laws often impose strict liability for remediation of spills and releases of oil and hazardous substances, which could subject us to liability, without regard to whether we were negligent or at fault. Under OPA, for example, owners, operators and bareboat charterers are jointly and severally strictly liable for the discharge of oil in U.S. waters, including the 200-nautical mile exclusive economic zone around the United States. An oil spill could also result in significant liability, including fines, penalties, criminal liability and remediation costs for natural resource damages under other international and U.S. federal, state and local laws, as well as third-party damages, including punitive damages, and could harm our reputation with current or potential charterers of our tankers. We will be required to satisfy insurance and financial responsibility requirements for potential oil (including marine fuel) spills and other pollution incidents. Although our technical manager will arrange for insurance to cover our vessels with respect to certain environmental risks, there can be no assurance that such insurance will be sufficient to cover all such risks or that any claims will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
 
If we fail to comply with international safety regulations, we may be subject to increased liability, which may adversely affect our insurance coverage and may result in a denial of access to, or detention in, certain ports.
 
The operation of our vessels is affected by the requirements set forth in the IMO's International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and Pollution Prevention, or the ISM Code. The ISM Code requires shipowners, ship managers and bareboat charterers to develop and maintain an extensive "Safety Management System" that includes the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for safe operation and describing procedures for dealing with emergencies. If we fail to comply with the ISM Code, we may be subject to increased liability, may invalidate existing insurance or decrease available insurance coverage for our affected vessels and such failure may result in a denial of access to, or detention in, certain ports.
 
Maritime claimants could arrest one or more of our vessels, which could interrupt our cash flow.
 
Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against a vessel for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions, a maritime lien holder may enforce its lien by "arresting" or "attaching" a vessel through foreclosure proceedings. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our vessels could result in a significant loss of earnings for the related off-hire period.
 
In addition, in jurisdictions where the "sister ship" theory of liability applies, such as South Africa, a claimant may arrest the vessel which is subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" vessel, which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. In countries with "sister ship" liability laws, claims might be asserted against us or any of our vessels for liabilities of other vessels that we own.
 
Governments could requisition our vessels during a period of war or emergency resulting in a loss of earnings.
 
A government of a vessel's registry could requisition for title or seize one or more of our vessels. Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes the owner. A government could also requisition one or more of our vessels for hire. Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes the charterer at dictated charter rates.  Generally, requisitions occur during a period of war or emergency. Government requisition of one or more of our vessels could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
 
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Risks Related to Our Business
 
A drop in spot charter rates may provide an incentive for some charterers to default on their charters.
 
When we enter into a time charter or bareboat charter, charter rates under that charter are fixed for the term of the charter. If the spot charter rates or short-term time charter rates in the tanker or dry bulk shipping industry, as applicable, become significantly lower than the time charter equivalent rates that some of our charterers are obligated to pay us under our existing charters, the charterers may have incentive to default under that charter or attempt to renegotiate the charter. As described in "Item 4. Information on the Company-B. Business Overveiw", we recently agreed to reduce the daily hire rates in respect of the Hampstead, the Belgravia and the Golden Zhejiang. In the case of the Golden Zhejiang, the difference between the original amount of charter hire and the reduced hire is expected to be repaid according to a deferred payment plan. In addition, the charterer of the Battersea has requested in March 2012 that we agree to a deferral in payments of charter hire. If our charterers fail to pay their obligations, we would have to attempt to re-charter our vessels at lower charter rates, which would affect our ability to comply with our loan covenants and operate our vessels profitably. If we are not able to comply with our loan covenants and our lenders choose to accelerate our indebtedness and foreclose their liens, we could be required to sell vessels in our fleet and our ability to continue to conduct our business would be impaired.
 
We are subject to certain risks with respect to our counterparties on contracts, and failure of such counterparties to meet their obligations could cause us to suffer losses or otherwise adversely affect our business.
 
We have entered into various contracts, including charterparties with our customers, loan agreements with our lenders and vessel management and other agreements with our General Manager and our Dry bulk Manager, which subject us to counterparty risks. The ability of each of the counterparties to perform its obligations under a contract with us or contracts entered into on our behalf will depend on a number of factors that are beyond our control and may include, among other things, general economic conditions, the condition of the shipping sector, the overall financial condition of the counterparty, charter rates received for our vessels and the supply and demand for commodities. Should a counterparty fail to honor its obligations under any such contract, we could sustain significant losses which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
 
Charterers are sensitive to the commodity markets and may be impacted by market forces affecting commodities. In addition, in depressed market conditions, there have been reports of charterers, including some of our charterers, renegotiating their charters or defaulting on their obligations under charters. As described in "Item 4. Information on the Company-B. Business Overview", we recently agreed to reduce the daily hire rates in respect of the Hampstead, the Belgravia and the Golden Zhejiang. In the case of the Golden Zhejiang, the difference between the original amount of charter hire and the reduced hire is expected to be repaid according to a deferred payment plan. In addition, the charterer of the Battersea has requested in March 2012 that we agree to a deferral in payments of charter hire.  We are in discussions with certain charterers with respect to the payment of outstanding charter hire; however, there can be no assurance that outstanding charter hire will be paid in full.  In addition, these discussions may result in changes to the terms of charters, including a reduction in charter hire rates. Should a charterer fail to honor its obligations under agreements with us, it may be difficult to secure substitute employment for such vessel, and any new charter arrangements we secure on the spot market or on charters may be at lower rates, depending on the then existing charter rate levels, compared to the rates currently being charged for our vessels. In addition, if the charterer of a vessel in our fleet that is used as collateral under one or more of our loan agreements defaults on its charter obligations to us, such default may constitute an event of default under our loan agreements, which may allow the bank to exercise remedies under our loan agreements. If our charterers fail to meet their obligations to us or attempt to renegotiate our charter agreements, we could sustain significant losses which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, as well as our ability to pay dividends, if any, in the future, and compliance with covenants in our loan agreements. Further, if we had to find a replacement technical manager, we may need approval from our lenders to change the technical manager.
 
Fuel or bunker prices, may adversely affect our profits.
 
For vessels on voyage charters, fuel oil, or bunkers, is a significant, if not the largest, expense. Changes in the price of fuel may adversely affect our profitability to the extent we have vessels on voyage charters. The price and supply of fuel is unpredictable and fluctuates based on events outside our control, including geopolitical developments, supply and demand for oil and gas, actions by OPEC and other oil and gas producers, war and unrest in oil producing countries and regions, regional production patterns and environmental concerns. Further, fuel may become much more expensive in the future, which may reduce the profitability and competitiveness of our business versus other forms of transportation, such as truck or rail.
 
The operation of dry bulk carriers and tankers each involves certain unique operational risks.
 
The operation of dry bulk carriers has certain unique operational risks. With a dry bulk carrier, the cargo itself and its interaction with the ship can be a risk factor. By their nature, dry bulk cargoes are often heavy, dense and easily shifted, and react badly to water exposure. In addition, dry bulk carriers are often subjected to battering treatment during unloading operations with grabs, jackhammers (to pry encrusted cargoes out of the hold), and small bulldozers. This treatment may cause damage to the dry bulk carrier. Dry bulk carriers damaged due to treatment during unloading procedures may be more susceptible to a breach to the sea. Hull breaches in dry bulk carriers may lead to the flooding of their holds. If a dry bulk carrier suffers flooding in its forward holds, the bulk cargo may become so dense and waterlogged that its pressure may buckle the dry bulk carrier's bulkheads leading to the loss of the dry bulk carrier.
 
The operation of tankers has unique operational risks associated with the transportation of oil. An oil spill may cause significant environmental damage, and a catastrophic spill could exceed the insurance coverage available. Compared to other types of vessels, tankers are exposed to a higher risk of damage and loss by fire, whether ignited by a terrorist attack, collision, or other cause, due to the high flammability and high volume of the oil transported in tankers.
 
If we are unable to adequately maintain or safeguard our vessels we may be unable to prevent these events. Any of these circumstances or events could negatively impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, the loss of any of our vessels could harm our reputation as a safe and reliable vessel owner and operator.
 
Purchasing and operating previously owned, or secondhand, vessels may result in increased drydocking costs and vessels off-hire, which could adversely affect our earnings.
 
Our current business strategy includes growth through the acquisition of previously owned vessels. Even following a physical inspection of secondhand vessels prior to purchase, we do not have the same knowledge about their condition and cost of any required (or anticipated) repairs that we would have had if these vessels had been built for and operated exclusively by us. Accordingly, we may not discover defects or other problems with such vessels prior to purchase. Any such hidden defects or problems, when detected, may be expensive to repair, and if not detected, may result in accidents or other incidents for which we may become liable to third parties. Also, when purchasing previously owned vessels, we do not receive the benefit of any builder warranties if the vessels we buy are older than one year.
 
In general, the costs to maintain a vessel in good operating condition increase with the age of the vessel. Older vessels are typically less fuel efficient than more recently constructed vessels due to improvements in engine technology. Governmental regulations, safety and other equipment standards related to the age of vessels may require expenditures for alterations or the addition of new equipment to some of our vessels and may restrict the type of activities in which these vessels may engage. We cannot assure you that, as our vessels age, market conditions will justify those expenditures or enable us to operate our vessels profitably during the remainder of their useful lives. As a result, regulations and standards could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and ability to pay dividends.
 
 
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The volatility in both dry bulk and tanker charter rates, and vessel values, may affect our ability to comply with various covenants in our loan agreements.
 
Our loan agreements for our borrowings, which are secured by liens on our vessels, contain various financial covenants. Among those covenants are requirements that relate to our financial position, operating performance and liquidity. For example, there are financial covenants that require us to maintain (i) a minimum value adjusted equity that is based, in part, upon the market value of the vessels securing the loans, (ii) minimum levels of free cash, and (iii) a positive working capital. The market value of dry bulk and tanker vessels is sensitive, among other things, to changes in the dry bulk and tanker charter markets, respectively, with vessel values deteriorating in times when dry bulk and tanker charter rates, as applicable, are falling or anticipated to fall and improving when charter rates are rising or anticipated to rise. Such conditions may result in our not being in compliance with these loan covenants. In such a situation, unless our lenders were willing to provide waivers of covenant compliance or modifications to our covenants, or would be willing to refinance our indebtedness, we may have to sell vessels in our fleet and/or seek to raise additional capital in the equity markets in order to comply with our loan covenants. Furthermore, if the value of our vessels deteriorates significantly, we may have to record an impairment adjustment in our financial statements, which would adversely affect our financial results and further hinder our ability to raise capital.
 
If we are not in compliance with our covenants and are not able to obtain covenant waivers or modifications, our lenders could require us to post additional collateral, enhance our equity and liquidity, increase our interest payments or pay down our indebtedness to a level where we are in compliance with our loan covenants, sell vessels in our fleet, or they could accelerate our indebtedness, which would impair our ability to continue to conduct our business. In such an event, our auditors may give either an unqualified opinion with an explanatory paragraph relating to the disclosure in the notes to our financial statements as to the substantial doubt of our ability to continue as a going concern, or a qualified, adverse or disclaimer of opinion, which could lead to additional defaults under our loan agreements. If our indebtedness is accelerated, we might not be able to refinance our debt or obtain additional financing and could lose our vessels if our lenders foreclose their liens. In addition, if we find it necessary to sell our vessels at a time when vessel prices are low, we will recognize losses and a reduction in our earnings, which could affect our ability to raise additional capital necessary for us to comply with our loan agreements.
 
Our ability to obtain additional debt financing may be dependent on the performance of our then existing charterers and the creditworthiness of our charterers.
 
The actual or perceived credit quality of our charterers, and any defaults by them, may materially affect our ability to obtain the additional capital resources required to purchase additional vessels or may significantly increase our costs of obtaining such capital. Our inability to obtain additional financing at anticipated costs or at all may materially affect our results of operations and our ability to implement our business strategy.
 
Our results of operations are subject to seasonal fluctuations, which may adversely affect our financial condition.
 
We plan to operate our vessels in markets that have historically exhibited seasonal variations in demand and, as a result, charter rates. This seasonality may result in quarter-to-quarter volatility in our operating results, as one of our vessels currently trades in the spot market and our other vessels may trade in the spot market from time to time. Peaks in tanker demand quite often precede seasonal oil consumption peaks, as refiners and suppliers anticipate consumer demand. Seasonal peaks in oil demand can broadly be classified into two main categories: increased demand prior to Northern Hemisphere winters as heating oil consumption increases and increased demand for gasoline prior to the summer driving season in the United States.
 
Because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings.
 
The fair market value of vessels may increase and decrease depending on but not limited to the following factors:
 
 
general economic and market conditions affecting the shipping industry;
 
 
competition from other shipping companies;
 
 
types and sizes of vessels;
 
 
the availability of other modes of transportation;
 
 
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cost of newbuildings;
 
 
shipyard capacity;
 
 
governmental or other regulations;
 
 
age of vessels;
 
 
prevailing level of charter rates;
 
 
the need to upgrade secondhand and previously owned vessels as a result of charterer requirements; and
 
 
technological advances in vessel design or equipment or otherwise.
 
During the period a vessel is subject to a charter, we will not be permitted to sell it to take advantage of increases in vessel values without the charterer's consent. If we sell a vessel at a time when ship prices have fallen, the sale may be at less than the vessel's carrying amount on our financial statements, with the result that we could incur a loss and a reduction in earnings. In addition, if we determine at any time that a vessel's future useful life and earnings require us to impair its value on our financial statements, this would result in a charge against our earnings and a reduction of our shareholders' equity. It is possible that the market value of our vessels will continue to decline in the future, which could adversely affect our ability to comply with financial covenants contained in our loan agreements or any other financing arrangements we may enter into in the future.
 
Conversely, if vessel values are elevated at a time when we wish to acquire additional vessels, the cost of acquisition may increase and this could adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition.
 
We may be unable to successfully compete with other vessel operators for charters, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.
 
The operation of tankers and dry bulk vessels and transportation of crude and petroleum products and dry bulk cargoes is extremely competitive. Through our operating subsidiaries we compete with other vessel owners (including major oil companies as well as independent companies), and, to a lesser extent, owners of other size vessels. The tanker and dry bulk markets are highly fragmented. It is possible that we could not obtain suitable employment for our vessels, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.
 
Our time and bareboat charters may limit our ability to benefit from any improvement in charter rates, and at the same time, our revenues may be adversely affected if we do not successfully employ our vessels on the expiration of our charters.
 
Currently, all but two of our vessels are contractually committed to time or bareboat charters, with the remaining terms of these charters expiring on dates between 2012 and 2016 (including extension options). Although our time and bareboat charters generally provide reliable revenues, they also limit the portion of our fleet available for spot market voyages during an upswing in the tanker and dry bulk industry cycle, when spot market voyages might be more profitable. By the same token, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully employ our vessels in the future or renew our existing charters at rates sufficient to allow us to operate our business profitably or meet our obligations. A decline in charter or spot rates or a failure to successfully charter our vessels could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay dividends.
 
We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance indebtedness incurred under our current credit facilities.
 
We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance our indebtedness on terms that are acceptable to us or at all. If we are not able to refinance our indebtedness, we will have to dedicate a greater portion of our cash flow from operations to pay the principal and interest of this indebtedness. We cannot assure you that we will be able to generate cash flow in amounts that are sufficient for these purposes. If we are not able to satisfy these obligations, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans or sell our assets. In addition, debt service payments under our credit facilities may limit funds otherwise available for working capital, capital expenditures, payment of dividends and other purposes. If we are unable to meet our debt obligations, or if we otherwise default under our credit facilities, our lenders could declare the debt, together with accrued interest and fees, to be immediately due and payable and foreclose on our fleet, which could result in the acceleration of other indebtedness that we may have at such time and the commencement of similar foreclosure proceedings by other lenders.
 
 
13

 
 
If we continue to expand our fleet, we may not be able to recruit suitable employees and crew for our vessels which may limit our growth and cause our financial performance to suffer.
 
We have recently expanded our fleet from four to eight vessels and diversified from a pure tanker fleet to a fleet that is comprised of four tankers and four dry bulk carriers. We may not be able to continue to hire suitable employees if we continue to expand our fleet and diversify. If we are unable to recruit suitable employees and crews, we may not be able to provide our services to customers, our growth may be limited and our financial performance may suffer.
 
We generate a substantial portion of our revenues from a limited number of customers.
 
During the year ended December 31, 2011, we generated 88% of our total revenues from six customers.  Our results of operations would be materially adversely affected if one or more of our customers failed to compensate us for our services, terminated our contracts with or without cause, failed to renew its existing contracts or refused to award new contracts to us and we are unable to enter into contracts with new customers at comparable daily rates.
 
Declines in charter rates and other market deterioration could cause us to incur impairment charges.
 
The carrying values of our vessels are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the vessel may no longer be recoverable. We assess recoverability of the carrying value by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the vessel, including eventual disposal. If the future net undiscounted cash flows and the estimated fair market value of the vessel are less than the carrying value an impairment loss is recorded equal to the difference between the vessel's carrying value and fair value. Any impairment charges incurred as a result of declines in charter rates and other market deterioration could negatively affect our business, financial condition or operating results or the trading price of our common shares.
 
Operational risks and damage to our vessels could adversely impact our performance.
 
Our vessels and their cargoes are at risk of being damaged or lost because of events such as marine disasters, bad weather and other acts of God, business interruptions caused by mechanical failures, grounding, fire, explosions and collisions, human error, war, terrorism, piracy and other circumstances or events. Changing economic, regulatory and political conditions in some countries, including political and military conflicts, have from time to time resulted in attacks on vessels, mining of waterways, piracy, terrorism, labor strikes and boycotts. These hazards may result in death or injury to persons, loss of revenues or property, the payment of ransoms, environmental damage, higher insurance rates, damage to our customer relationships and market disruptions, delay or rerouting.
 
 
14

 
 
If our vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired at a drydocking facility. The costs of drydock repairs are unpredictable and may be substantial. We may have to pay drydocking costs that our insurance does not cover at all or in full. The loss of revenues while these vessels are being repaired and repositioned, as well as the actual cost of these repairs, may adversely affect our business and financial condition. In addition, space at drydocking facilities is sometimes limited and not all drydocking facilities are conveniently located. We may be unable to find space at a suitable drydocking facility or our vessels may be forced to travel to a drydocking facility that is not conveniently located relative to our vessels' positions. The loss of earnings while these vessels are forced to wait for space or to travel to more distant drydocking facilities may adversely affect our business and financial condition. Further, the total loss of any of our vessels could harm our reputation as a safe and reliable vessel owner and operator. If we are unable to adequately maintain or safeguard our vessels, we may be unable to prevent any such damage, costs or loss which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and ability to pay dividends.
 
Increased inspection procedures, tighter import and export controls and new security regulations could increase costs and cause disruption of our business.
 
International shipping is subject to security and customs inspection and related procedures in countries of origin, destination and trans-shipment points. Since the events of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security. On November 25, 2002, the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, or MTSA, came into effect. To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in July 2003, the U.S. Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. These security procedures can result in delays in the loading, offloading or trans-shipment and the levying of customs duties, fines or other penalties against exporters or importers and, in some cases, carriers. Future changes to the existing security procedures may be implemented that could affect the tanker sector. These changes have the potential to impose additional financial and legal obligations on carriers and, in certain cases, to render the shipment of certain types of goods uneconomical or impractical. These additional costs could reduce the volume of goods shipped, resulting in a decreased demand for vessels and have a negative effect on our business, revenues and customer relations.
 
Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could result in fines, criminal penalties and an adverse effect on our business.
 
We may operate in a number of countries throughout the world, including countries known to have a reputation for corruption. We are committed to doing business in accordance with applicable anti-corruption laws and have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics which is consistent and in full compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977. We are subject, however, to the risk that we, our affiliated entities or our or their respective officers, directors, employees and agents may take actions determined to be in violation of such anti-corruption laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Any such violation could result in substantial fines, sanctions, civil and/or criminal penalties or curtailment of operations in certain jurisdictions, and might adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, actual or alleged violations could damage our reputation and ability to do business. Furthermore, detecting, investigating, and resolving actual or alleged violations is expensive and can consume significant time and attention of our senior management.
 
One of our directors is affiliated with Golden Ocean Group Limited, which could result in conflicts of interest that may not be resolved in our favor.
 
Mr. Herman Billung, a member of our board of directors, also serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Golden Ocean Management AS, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean Group Limited, or Golden Ocean. Another subsidiary of Golden Ocean provides commercial management services for our dry bulk carriers, and we have also purchased two vessels from Golden Ocean. To the extent that we do business with Golden Ocean or Golden Ocean competes with us for business opportunities, prospects or financial resources, or participates in ventures in which we may participate, Mr. Billung may face actual or apparent conflicts of interest in connection with decisions that could have different implications for us and Golden Ocean. These decisions may relate to corporate opportunities, corporate strategies, potential acquisitions of businesses, inter-company agreements, competition, the issuance or disposition of securities, the election of new or additional directors and other matters. Such potential conflicts may delay or limit the opportunities available to us, and it is possible that conflicts may be resolved in a manner adverse to us.
 
Incurrence of expenses or liabilities may reduce or eliminate distributions.
 
Our policy is to make distributions to shareholders based on earnings and cash flow. The amount and timing of dividends will depend on our earnings, financial condition, cash position, Bermuda law affecting the payment of distributions and other factors. However, we could incur other expenses or contingent liabilities that would reduce or eliminate the cash available for distribution by us as dividends. In addition, the declaration and payment of dividends is subject at all times to the discretion of our board of directors. We cannot assure you that we will pay dividends.
 
 
15

 
 
Our financing obligations could affect our ability to incur additional indebtedness or engage in certain transactions.
 
Our financing agreements impose operational and financing restrictions on us and/or on our subsidiaries, which may significantly limit or prohibit, among other things, our and/or our subsidiaries' ability to, without the consent of our lenders, incur additional indebtedness, create liens, sell capital interests of subsidiaries, make certain investments, engage in mergers and acquisitions, purchase and sell vessels, enter into certain charters or, if an event of default has occurred, pay dividends. In addition, our lenders may accelerate the maturity of indebtedness under our financing agreements and foreclose on the collateral securing the indebtedness upon the occurrence of certain events of default, including our failure to comply with any of the covenants contained in our financing agreements, not rectified within the permitted time. For instance, declining vessel values could lead to a breach of covenants under our financing agreements. If we are unable to prepay, pledge additional collateral or obtain waivers from our lenders, our lenders could accelerate our debt and foreclose on our vessels. In addition, if the lenders are entitled to accelerate the debt outstanding under one facility in default, it could result in a default on our other facilities.
 
We may not be able to finance our future capital commitments.
 
We cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain additional financing at all or on terms acceptable to us. If adequate funds are not available, we may have to reduce expenditures for investments in new and existing projects, which could hinder our growth and prevent us from realizing potential revenues from prior investments which will have a negative impact on our cash flows and results of operations.
 
The aging of our fleet may result in increased operating costs in the future, which could adversely affect our earnings.
 
In general, the cost of maintaining a vessel in good operating condition increases with the age of the vessel. The average age of our tanker fleet is approximately 16 years and our dry bulk carrier fleet has an average age of approximately 2 years. As our fleet ages, we will incur increased costs. Older vessels are typically less fuel efficient and more costly to maintain than more recently constructed vessels due to improvements in engine technology. Cargo insurance rates also increase with the age of a vessel, making older vessels less desirable to charterers. Governmental regulations, including environmental regulations, safety or other equipment standards related to the age of vessels, may require expenditures for alterations, or the addition of new equipment, to our vessels and may restrict the type of activities in which our vessels may engage. As our vessels age, market conditions might not justify those expenditures or enable us to operate our vessels profitably during the remainder of their useful lives.
 
If we do not set aside funds and are unable to borrow or raise funds for vessel replacement at the end of a vessel's useful life our revenue will decline, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
If we do not set aside funds and are unable to borrow or raise funds for vessel replacement, we will be unable to replace the vessels in our fleet upon the expiration of their remaining useful lives. Our cash flows and income are dependent on the revenues earned by the chartering of our vessels. If we are unable to replace the vessels in our fleet upon the expiration of their useful lives, our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends would be adversely affected. Any funds set aside for vessel replacement will not be available for dividends.
 
We may not have adequate insurance to compensate us if our vessels are damaged or lost.
 
We procure insurance for our fleet against those risks that we believe companies in the shipping industry commonly insure. These insurances include hull and machinery insurance, protection and indemnity insurance, which include environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage, and war risk insurance. We can give no assurance that we will be adequately insured against all risks and we cannot guarantee that any particular claim will be paid, even if we have previously recorded a receivable or revenue in respect of such claim. Our insurance policies may contain deductibles for which we will be responsible and limitations and exclusions, which may increase our costs or lower our revenues.
 
We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage for our vessels in the future or renew our existing policies on the same or commercially reasonable terms, or at all. For example, more stringent environmental regulations have in the past led to increased costs for, and in the future may result in the lack of availability of, protection and indemnity insurance against risks of environmental damage or pollution. Any uninsured or underinsured loss could harm our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. In addition, our insurance may be voidable by the insurers as a result of certain of our actions, such as our vessels failing to maintain certification with applicable maritime self-regulatory organizations. Further, we cannot assure you that our insurance policies will cover all losses that we incur, or that disputes over insurance claims will not arise with our insurance carriers. Any claims covered by insurance would be subject to deductibles, and since it is possible that a large number of claims may be brought, the aggregate amount of these deductibles could be material. In addition, our insurance policies may be subject to limitations and exclusions, which may increase our costs or lower our revenues, thereby possibly having a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
 
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We may be subject to calls because we obtain some of our insurance through protection and indemnity associations.
 
We may be subject to increased premium payments, or calls, if the value of our claim records, the claim records of our fleet managers, and/or the claim records of other members of the protection and indemnity associations through which we receive insurance coverage for tort liability (including pollution-related liability) significantly exceed projected claims. In addition, our protection and indemnity associations may not have enough resources to cover claims made against them. Our payment of these calls could result in significant expense to us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
Because we are a foreign corporation, you may not have the same rights that a shareholder in a United States corporation may have.
 
We are a Bermuda company. Our memorandum of association and bye-laws and the Bermuda Companies Act 1981, as amended, govern our affairs. Investors may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions by management, directors or controlling shareholders than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States jurisdiction. Under Bermuda law a director generally owes a fiduciary duty only to the company; not to the company's shareholders. Our shareholders may not have a direct cause of action against our directors. In addition, Bermuda law does not provide a mechanism for our shareholders to bring a class action lawsuit under Bermuda law. Further, our bye-laws provide for the indemnification of our directors or officers against any liability arising out of any act or omission except for an act or omission constituting fraud, dishonesty or illegality.
 
United States tax authorities could treat the Company as a "passive foreign investment company", which could have adverse United States federal income tax consequences to United States shareholders.
 
A foreign corporation will be treated as a "passive foreign investment company", or PFIC, for United States federal income tax purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of certain types of "passive income" or (2) at least 50% of the average value of the corporation's assets produce or are held for the production of those types of "passive income". For purposes of these tests, "passive income" includes dividends, interest, and gains from the sale or exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than rents and royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of a trade or business. For purposes of these tests, income derived from the performance of services does not constitute "passive income". United States shareholders of a PFIC are subject to a disadvantageous United States federal income tax regime with respect to the distributions they receive from the PFIC and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their shares in the PFIC.
 
Based on our current and proposed method of operation, we do not believe that we are, have been or will be a PFIC with respect to any taxable year. In this regard, we intend to treat the gross income we derive or are deemed to derive from our time chartering and voyage chartering activities as services income, rather than rental income. Accordingly, we believe that our income from these activities does not constitute "passive income", and the assets that we own and operate in connection with the production of that income do not constitute assets that produce, or are held for the production of, "passive income".
 
Although there is no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules addressing our method of operation there is substantial legal authority supporting our position consisting of case law and United States Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters, bareboat charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes. However, it should be noted that there is also authority that characterizes time charter and bareboat charter income as rental income rather than services income for other tax purposes. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the IRS or a court of law will accept our position, and there is a risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that we are a PFIC. Moreover, no assurance can be given that we would not constitute a PFIC for any future taxable year if there were to be changes in the nature and extent of our operations.
 
If the IRS were to find that we are or have been a PFIC for any taxable year, our United States shareholders will face adverse United States federal income tax consequences. Under the PFIC rules, unless those shareholders make an election available under United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code (which election could itself have adverse consequences for such shareholders, as discussed below under "Tax Considerations—United States Federal Income Tax Considerations"), such shareholders would be liable to pay United States federal income tax at the then prevailing income tax rates on ordinary income plus interest upon excess distributions and upon any gain from the disposition of our common shares, as if the excess distribution or gain had been recognized ratably over the shareholder's holding period of our common shares. Please see the section entitled "Tax Considerations—United States Federal Income Tax Considerations—Passive Foreign Investment Company Status and Significant Tax Consequences" in Item 10E. below for a more comprehensive discussion of the United States federal income tax consequences to United States shareholders if we are treated as a PFIC.
 
 
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We may have to pay tax on United States source income, which would reduce our earnings.
 
Under the Code, 50% of the gross shipping income of a vessel owning or chartering corporation, such as ourselves and our subsidiaries, that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States, may be subject to a 4% United States federal income tax without allowance for deduction, unless that corporation qualifies for exemption from tax under Section 883 of the Code and the applicable Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder.
 
We expect that we and each of our subsidiaries will qualify for this statutory tax exemption and we will take this position for United States federal income tax return reporting purposes. However, there are factual circumstances beyond our control that could cause us to lose the benefit of this tax exemption and thereby become subject to United States federal income tax on our United States source shipping income. For example, we would no longer qualify for exemption under Section 883 of the Code for a particular taxable year if shareholders with a 5% or greater interest in our common shares owned, in the aggregate, 50% or more of our outstanding common shares for more than half the days during the taxable year. Due to the factual nature of the issues involved, there can be no assurances on our tax-exempt status or that of any of our subsidiaries.
 
If we or our subsidiaries are not entitled to exemption under Section 883 of the Code for any taxable year, we, or our subsidiaries, could be subject during those years to an effective 2% United States federal income tax on gross shipping income derived during such a year that is attributable to the transport of cargoes to or from the United States. The imposition of this tax would have a negative effect on our business and would result in decreased earnings available for distribution to our shareholders.
 
Our share price may be highly volatile and future sales of our common stock could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
 
Our common stock commenced trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "VLCCF" in February 1997.  We cannot assure you that an active and liquid public market for our common stock will continue.  The market price of our common stock has historically fluctuated over a wide range and may continue to fluctuate significantly in response to many factors, such as actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results, changes in financial estimates by securities analysts, economic and regulatory trends, general market conditions, rumors and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. Since 2008, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. If the volatility in the market continues or worsens, it could have an adverse affect on the market price of our common stock and impact a potential sale price if holders of our common stock decide to sell their shares.
 
Because our offices and most of our assets are outside the United States, you may not be able to bring suit against us, or enforce a judgment obtained against us in the United States.
 
Our executive offices, administrative activities and assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be more difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us, or to enforce both in the United States and outside the United States judgments against us in any action, including actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States.

ITEM 4.  INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

A.  HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited was incorporated in Bermuda as an exempted company under the Bermuda Companies Law of 1981 on September 18, 1996. The Company's registered and principal executive offices are located at Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda, and its telephone number at this location is +1 (441) 295-6935.
 
We are an international shipping company specializing in the transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes, and have been listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "VLCCF" since our initial public offering in February 1997. The Company was originally established for the purpose of owning and operating five very large crude oil carriers, or VLCCs. In February 1997, we completed our initial public offering, which resulted in $317.2 million net proceeds to us. We used these proceeds and bank debt to fund the acquisition of our initial fleet of five VLCCs. Upon their purchase from their previous owners on February 27, 1997 until March 2004, the Company chartered its vessels to Shell International on long-term bareboat charters.
 
 
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In May 2007, we entered into agreements for the construction of two Capesize dry bulk carriers, each with a cargo-carrying capacity of approximately 170,000 dwt, with Daehan Shipbuilding Co Ltd in the Republic of Korea. Both of the vessels commenced five-year time charters following their delivery to us in August and October 2009. In July 2010, we acquired a 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier from Golden Ocean and in October 2010, we acquired a second 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier from Golden Ocean, a Bermuda company listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. Both vessels were acquired with existing time charters.

In December 2007, we sold a VLCC to an unrelated third party for net proceeds of $99.0 million.

We currently own and operate four VLCCs and four Capesize dry bulk carriers. Of the VLCCs, two are operating in the spot market and two are on bareboat charters. The Capesize vessels are all on time charters.

B.  BUSINESS OVERVIEW

We currently own and operate, through our subsidiaries, a fleet of eight vessels, consisting of four VLCCs and four Capesize dry bulk carriers with a total carrying capacity of approximately 1.9 million dwt. All of our vessels are employed under fixed-rate period charters other than the Kensington and the Hampstead, which are currently employed in the spot market. We operate a diversified fleet of VLCC tankers and Capesize dry bulk carriers in order to capitalize on opportunities for upside potential in both the tanker and dry bulk markets.
 
The following table sets forth summary information concerning the vessels we own as of the date of this annual report:
 
 
                         
Vessel Name
 
Vessel
Type
 
Size (DWT)
 
Year Built
 
Charter
Type
 
Daily
Gross
Hire Rate
 
Earliest
Redelivery
Date
 
Tanker Fleet
 
Titan Venus (ex-Camden)
 
VLCC
 
298,000
 
1995
 
Bareboat
 
$32,000 (1)
 
August 2012 (6)
             
Mayfair
 
VLCC
 
298,000
 
1995
 
Bareboat
 
$32,000 (1)
 
July 2015
             
Kensington
 
VLCC
 
298,000
 
1995
 
Spot
 
N/A
 
N/A
             
Hampstead
 
VLCC
 
298,000
 
1996
 
Spot
 
N/A (2)
 
N/A
 
 
Dry bulk Carrier Fleet
 
                         
Belgravia
 
Capesize
 
170,500
 
2009
 
Time Charter
 
$52,670 (3)
 
August 2014
             
Battersea
 
Capesize
 
170,500
 
2009
 
Time Charter
 
$40,000 (4)
 
June 2014
             
Golden Future
 
Capesize
 
176,000
 
2010
 
Time Charter
 
$31,500
 
January 2013
                         
Golden Zhejiang
    Capesize    176,000    2010    Time Charter  
$19,900 (5)
 
September
2016
(including extension options)
 
 
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(1) Represents the time charter equivalent rate, or TCE rate, which is a measure of the daily revenue performance of a vessel. Our method of calculating TCE rate for this vessel is determined by adding the estimated drydocking costs and operating expenses to the daily bareboat charter rate.
 
(2) Following the redelivery of this vessel under its previous time charter on April 22, 2012, this vessel is employed in the spot market. The daily gross hire rate was reduced under the previous time charter from $37,750 to $27,050 for the period from January 1, 2012 until April 22, 2012. During this period, the charterer was obligated to compensate us for any daily vessel earnings above $27,050 up to and including $37,750. There was no compensation above the daily gross hire rate for the first quarter of 2012. In addition, the time charter agreement included an index-based profit sharing arrangement, pursuant to which the charterer was obligated to pay us on a quarterly basis, in addition to the above daily rate, earnings in excess of $37,750 per vessel per day calculated based on the average of four indices (TD1, TD2, TD3 and TD4) published by the Baltic Exchange, a London-based membership organization that provides daily shipping market information to the global investing community.
 
(3) In March 2012, the Company agreed an amendment to the time charter with Jiangsu Shagang Group Co., Ltd ("Shagang") whereby (i) the sum of $95,000 shall be deducted from future charter hire payments, which are each payable 15 days in advance,  until the amount of $5.7 million has been deducted, and (ii) the sum of $5.0 million shall be pre-paid in one or more installments no later than five months following receipt by Shagang of a guarantee to be provided in accordance with the amendment.
 
(4) In March 2012, the charterer, Sanko Steamship Co., Ltd., requested that the Company agree to a deferral in payments of charter hire. Sanko is currently in financial difficulties and has issued a press release stating that it intends to meet all financial obligations and to restructure and strengthen its balance sheet. The Company has been informed that Sanko is planning to present formal rehabilitation proposals to stakeholders at meetings in early June 2012.
 
(5) The daily gross hire rate has been reduced from $29,900 to $19,900 for a period of one year beginning on July 1, 2011. The amount of lost revenues resulting from this reduction are required to be repaid by the charterers ratably on a daily basis beginning on July 1, 2012 until September 2014. In addition, the amended time charter agreement provides us with two one-year extension options at rates we believe are above current market levels.
 
(6) The charterer has an option to extend this charter for an additional 30 months.

 The Company has been operating in two markets since 2009. We operate in the tanker and dry bulk carrier markets as an international provider of seaborne transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes. An analysis of revenues from these services is as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
Total operating revenues – tanker market
    39,020       55,072       58,860  
Total operating revenues – dry bulk carrier market
    55,497       40,825       8,479  

The Company's vessels operate worldwide and therefore management does not evaluate performance by geographical region as this information is not meaningful.
 
Our principal executive offices are located at Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road in Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda.

Strategy

Our business strategy is to operate a diversified fleet of VLCCs and Capesize dry bulk carriers with flexibility to adjust our exposure to the tanker and dry bulk markets depending on existing factors such as charter rates, newbuilding costs, vessel resale and scrap values and vessel operating expenses resulting from, among other things, changes in the supply of and demand for tanker and dry bulk capacity. We may adjust our exposure through time charters, bareboat charters, sale and leasebacks, sales and purchases of vessels, newbuilding contracts and acquisitions.
 
Our goal is to generate competitive returns for our shareholders. Our dividend policy is to declare quarterly dividends to shareholders, substantially equal to net cash flow in the reporting quarter less reserves that our Board may from time to time determine are necessary, such as reserves for drydocking and other possible cash needs. We intend to finance our future vessel acquisitions not from our cash flow from operations, but from external sources, such as by undertaking equity offerings, incurring additional indebtedness in line with our current low-leverage capital structure and utilizing the proceeds from the sale of our vessels.
 
There is no guarantee that our shareholders will receive quarterly dividends from us. Our dividend policy may be changed at any time at the sole discretion of our Board, who will take into account, among other things, our contingent liabilities, financial condition and future prospects, the terms of our credit facilities, and the requirements of Bermuda law in determining the timing and amount of dividends, if any, that we may pay.
 
 
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Management Structure

Our Board decided, at the incorporation of the Company, to contract for the day-to-day management services of the Company and its subsidiaries, rather than to establish a proprietary management organization. This policy was based on the availability of such services in the market on terms which we consider more cost efficient to us than the alternative. The Board has not seen any reason to change this policy since it was formulated. All of the management services contracted for by the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to the Board's or, as the case may be, the board of the relevant subsidiary's, sole right to determine the overall objectives and policies of the Company and its subsidiaries. Further, all matters of material importance to or of an extraordinary nature in respect of our business are decided by the Board.

General Management Agreement

We are provided with general administrative services by ICB Shipping (Bermuda) Limited, or the General Manager. The General Manager is a wholly owned subsidiary of Frontline. The General Manager subcontracts the services provided to the Company and its subsidiaries to Frontline Management (Bermuda) Limited, another wholly owned subsidiary of Frontline. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended General Management Agreement with our General Manager effective April 2, 2010, the General Manager is entitled to a management fee of $2.3 million per annum from January 1, 2010, which is subject to annual adjustments, plus a commission of 1.25% on gross freight revenues from our tanker vessels, 1% of proceeds on the sale of any of our vessels, and 1% of the cost of the purchase of vessels. In addition, we, in our discretion, may award equity incentives to the General Manager based upon its performance. Such awards are subject to the approval of our Board. We are responsible for paying all out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the General Manager from third parties in connection with the services provided under the Amended General Management Agreement, such as audit, legal and other professional fees, registration fees and directors' and officers' fees and expenses. Our Board believes that the terms of the Amended General Management Agreement are substantially similar to those that we might have obtained in arm's-length negotiations in the market. We may terminate the Amended General Management Agreement subject to five business days' prior written notice to the General Manager in the event:
 
 
the General Manager commits a material breach under the Amended General Management Agreement, and such breach remains unremedied for 30 days;
 
 
any material consent, authorization, license, approval or similar requirement for the General Manager's activities as such is modified, terminated, revoked or expires;
 
 
it becomes unlawful for the General Manager to perform the services to be provided under the terms of the Amended General Management Agreement; or
 
 
the General Manager ceases to be a wholly-owned subsidiary of Frontline.
 
The General Manager may terminate the Amended General Management Agreement upon five business days' notice in the event we commit a material breach of the terms thereof and the breach remains unremedied for 30 days. Either party may terminate the Amended General Management Agreement upon immediate written notice to the other party in the event such other party becomes subject to an insolvency event. Either party may terminate the Amended General Management Agreement upon 12 months' prior written notice to the other party, provided that such termination by us must be approved by a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of shareholders holding at least 66 2/3% of our issued and outstanding common shares. Our Board believes that if the Amended General Management Agreement is terminated, we will be able to obtain appropriate alternative arrangements for our management requirements. However, there can be no assurance that such alternative arrangement would not cause us to incur additional expenses.

Technical Management of Vessels

The technical management of our vessels is provided by ship mangers subcontracted by our General Manager.
 
Commercial Management of our Capesize Vessels
 
Pursuant to a commercial management agreement, or the Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement, Golden Ocean Management (Bermuda) Ltd., or the Dry bulk Manager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean, manages our dry bulk carriers. The Dry bulk Manager may subcontract some or all of the services provided to us and our subsidiaries to its affiliates or third parties. Pursuant to the Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement, the Dry bulk Manager is entitled to receive a commission of 1.25% of all gross freight earned by our dry bulk carriers. In addition, we, in our discretion, may award equity incentives to the Dry bulk Manager based on its performance. Such awards are subject to the approval of our Board. We or the Dry bulk Manager may terminate the Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement subject to three months' prior written notice to the other party.
 
 
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Furthermore, we may terminate the Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement with immediate effect in the event the Dry bulk Manager commits a material breach of the terms thereof and the breach remains unremedied for 14 days after written notice thereof has been provided by us to the Dry bulk Manager. In addition, either party may terminate the Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement upon immediate written notice to the other party in the event that such other party becomes subject to an insolvency event. Our Board believes that, in the case of any termination of the Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement, we can obtain appropriate alternative arrangements for our commercial management requirements. However, there can be no assurance that such alternative arrangements would not cause us to incur additional expenses.

Seasonality
 
Historically, oil trade and therefore charter rates increased in the winter months and eased in the summer months as demand for oil in the Northern Hemisphere rose in colder weather and fell in warmer weather. The tanker industry in general has become less dependent on the seasonal transport of heating oil than a decade ago as new uses for oil and oil products have developed, spreading consumption more evenly over the year. Most apparent is a higher seasonal demand during the summer months due to energy requirements for air conditioning and motor vehicles.
 
 The dry bulk trade also has a history of tracking seasonal demand fluctuations, but like the oil trade, appears to have become less dependent on such fluctuations as a result of the increased transportation of certain dry bulk commodities. Grain has traditionally had the greatest impact on the dry bulk market, particularly during the peak demand seasons, which occur during the second quarter in the Southern Hemisphere and at the end of the third quarter and throughout the fourth quarter in the Northern Hemisphere. The growth of iron ore and coal transportation over the last decade, however, has diminished the relative importance of grain to the dry bulk transportation industry. With the quarterly pricing of iron ore affecting its demand and factors such as weather and port congestion impacting the dry bulk industry as a whole, the volatility of dry bulk earnings in recent years appears to be the result of factors other than seasonality.

Customers
 
Our customers include major oil companies, tanker companies, dry bulk companies, petroleum products traders, government agencies and various other entities. In 2011, six customers accounted for 88% of gross revenues. In 2010, three customers accounted for 64% of gross revenues and in 2009, two customers accounted for 67% of gross revenues.

Competition

The market for international seaborne crude oil and dry bulk transportation services is highly fragmented and competitive. Seaborne crude oil transportation services generally are provided by two main types of operators: major oil company captive fleets (both private and state-owned) and independent ship-owner fleets. In addition, many owners and operators in each of the tanker and dry bulk industries pool their vessels together on an ongoing basis, and such pools are available to customers to the same extent as independently owned and operated fleets. Many major oil companies and other oil trading companies, the primary charterers of the tankers owned or controlled by us, also operate their own vessels and use those vessels not only to transport their own crude oil but also to transport crude oil for third party end-users in direct competition with independent owners and operators in the tanker charter market. Competition for charters in the tanker and dry bulk markets is intense and is based upon price, location, size, age, condition and acceptability of the vessel and its manager. Competition is also affected by the availability of other size vessels to compete in the trades in which we engage. Charters are to a large extent brokered through international independent brokerage houses that specialize in finding the optimal ship for any particular cargo based on the aforementioned criteria. Brokers may be appointed by the cargo shipper or the ship owner.
 
Environmental and Other Regulations
 
Government regulations and laws significantly affect the ownership and operation of our vessels. We are subject to international conventions, national, state and local laws and regulations in force in the countries in which our vessels may operate or are registered and compliance with such laws, regulations and other requirements may entail significant expense.
 
 
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Our vessels are subject to both scheduled and unscheduled inspections by a variety of government, quasi-governmental and private organizations including local port authorities, national authorities, harbor masters or equivalents, classification societies, flag state administrations (countries of registry) and charterers. Our failure to maintain permits, licenses, certificates or other approvals required by some of these entities could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend operation of one or more of our vessels.
 
We believe that the heightened levels of environmental and quality concerns among insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers have led to greater inspection and safety requirements on all vessels and may accelerate the scrapping of older vessels throughout the industry. Increasing environmental concerns have created a demand for vessels that conform to stricter environmental standards. We believe that the operation of our vessels is in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and that our vessels have all material permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations; however, because such laws and regulations are frequently changed and may impose increasingly stricter requirements, we cannot predict with certainty the ultimate cost of complying with these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. In addition, a future serious marine incident that results in significant oil pollution or otherwise causes significant adverse environmental impact, such as the 2010 BP plc Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, could result in additional legislation or regulation that could negatively affect our profitability.
 
International Maritime Organization
 
The International Maritime Organization, or the IMO, is the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of pollution by ships. The IMO has adopted several international conventions that regulate the international shipping industry, including but not limited to the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, generally referred to as CLC, the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships of 1973, or the MARPOL Convention. The MARPOL Convention is broken into six Annexes, each of which establishes environmental standards relating to different sources of pollution: Annex I relates to oil leakage or spilling; Annexes II and III relate to harmful substances carried, in bulk, in liquid or packaged form, respectively; Annexes IV and V relate to sewage and garbage management, respectively; and Annex VI relates to air emissions.
 
The operation of our vessels is also affected by the requirements contained in the International Safety Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention, or ISM Code, promulgated by the IMO under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea of 1974, or SOLAS. The ISM Code requires the party with operational control of a vessel to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for responding to emergencies. We intend to rely upon the safety management system that our appointed ship managers have developed.
 
Noncompliance with the ISM Code or with other IMO regulations may subject a shipowner or bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in, some ports including United States and European Union ports.
 
United States
 
The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
 
The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, established an extensive regulatory and liability regime for environmental protection and cleanup of oil spills. OPA affects all "owners and operators" whose vessels trade with the United States or its territories or possessions, or whose vessels operate in the waters of the United States, which include the U.S. territorial sea and the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone around the United States. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, imposes liability for cleanup and natural resource damage from the release of hazardous substances (other than oil) whether on land or at sea. Potentially responsible parties under both OPA and CERCLA, include any person owning, operating or chartering by demise, the vessel. Accordingly, both OPA and CERCLA impact our operations.
 
Under OPA, vessel owners and operators are responsible parties who are jointly, severally and strictly liable (unless the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an act of God or an act of war) for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from oil spills from their vessels. OPA contains statutory caps on liability and damages; such caps do not apply to direct cleanup costs.
 
OPA limits the liability of responsible parties with respect to single-hull tankers over 3,000 gross tons to the greater of $3,200 per gross ton or $23,496,000; but for all other tankers over 3,000 gross tons, liability is limited to the greater of $2,000 per gross ton or $17,088,000. These limits of liability do not apply if an incident was proximately caused by the violation of an applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulation by a responsible party (or its agent, employee or a person acting pursuant to a contractual relationship), or a responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. The limitation on liability similarly does not apply if the responsible party fails or refuses to (i) report the incident where the responsible party knows or has reason to know of the incident; (ii) reasonably cooperate and assist as requested in connection with oil removal activities; or (iii) without sufficient cause, comply with an order issued under the Federal Water Pollution Act (Section 311 (c), (e)) or the Intervention on the High Seas Act.
 
 
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OPA permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries, provided they accept, at a minimum, the levels of liability established under OPA. Some states have enacted legislation providing for unlimited liability for discharge of pollutants within their waters, however, in some cases, states which have enacted this type of legislation have not yet issued implementing regulations defining tanker owners' responsibilities under these laws.
 
CERCLA contains a similar liability regime whereby owners and operators of vessels are liable for cleanup, removal and remedial costs, as well as damage for injury to, or destruction or loss of, natural resources, including the reasonable costs associated with assessing same, and health assessments or health effects studies. There is no liability if the discharge of a hazardous substance results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an act of God or an act of war. Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton or $5,000,000 for vessels carrying a hazardous substance as cargo and the greater of $300 per gross ton or $500,000 for any other vessel. These limits do not apply (rendering the responsible person liable for the total cost of response and damages) if the release or threat of release of a hazardous substance resulted from willful misconduct or negligence, or the primary cause of the release was a violation of applicable safety, construction or operating standards or regulations. The limitation on liability also does not apply if the responsible person fails or refuses to provide all reasonable cooperation and assistance as requested in connection with response activities where the vessel is subject to OPA.
 
OPA and CERCLA have no effect on the availability of damages under existing law, including maritime tort law. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with OPA, CERCLA and all applicable state regulations in the ports where our vessels call.
 
OPA and CERCLA both require owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet the maximum amount of liability to which the particular responsible person may be subject. Vessel owners and operators may satisfy their financial responsibility obligations by providing a proof of insurance, a surety bond, qualification as a self-insurer or a guarantee. Under OPA and CERCLA, an owner or operator of more than one tanker is required to demonstrate evidence of financial responsibility for the entire fleet in an amount equal only to the financial responsibility requirement of the tanker having the greatest maximum liability. We have provided such evidence and received certificates of financial responsibility from the U.S. Coast Guard for each of our vessels required to have one.
 
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico may also result in additional regulatory initiatives or statutes, including the raising of liability caps under OPA. Compliance with any new requirements of OPA may substantially impact our cost of operations or require us to incur additional expenses to comply with any new regulatory initiatives or statutes.
 
Other U.S. Environmental Initiatives
 
The U.S. Clean Water Act, or CWA, prohibits the discharge of oil, hazardous substances and ballast water in U.S. navigable waters unless authorized by a duly-issued permit or exemption, and imposes strict liability in the form of penalties for any unauthorized discharges. The CWA also imposes substantial liability for the costs of removal, remediation and damages and complements the remedies available under OPA and CERCLA. Furthermore, many U.S. states that border a navigable waterway have enacted environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a hazardous substance. These laws may be more stringent than U.S. federal law.
 
The United States Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, has enacted rules requiring a permit regulating ballast water discharges and other discharges incidental to the normal operation of certain vessels within United States waters under the Vessel General Permit for Discharges Incidental to the Normal Operation of Vessels, or VGP. For a new vessel delivered to an owner or operator after September 19, 2009 to be covered by the VGP, the owner must submit a Notice of Intent, or NOI, at least 30 days before the vessel operates in United States waters. The EPA has proposed a draft 2013 VGP to replace the current VGP upon its expiration on December 19, 2013, authorizing discharges incidental to operations of commercial vessels. The draft VGP also contains numeric ballast water discharge limits for most vessels to reduce the risk of invasive species in U.S. waters, more stringent requirements for exhaust gas scrubbers and the use of environmentally acceptable lubricants.
 
Compliance with the VGP could require the installation of equipment on our vessels to treat ballast water before it is discharged or the implementation of other disposal arrangements, and/or otherwise restrict our vessels from entering U.S. waters. In addition, certain states have enacted more stringent discharge standards as conditions to their required certification of the VGP. We submit NOIs for our vessels where required and do not believe that the costs associated with obtaining and complying with the VGP have a material impact on our operations.
 
 
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U.S. Coast Guard regulations adopted under the U.S. National Invasive Species Act, or NISA, also impose mandatory ballast water management practices for all vessels equipped with ballast water tanks entering or operating in U.S. waters.  On March 23, 2012, the U.S. Coast Guard announced that it is amending its regulations on ballast water management by establishing standards on the allowable concentration of living organisms in ballast water discharged from ships in U.S. waters.  The revised ballast water standards are consistent with those adopted by the IMO in 2004, and will be effective on or around June 20, 2012.  Compliance with the EPA and the U.S. Coast Guard regulations could require the installation of certain engineering equipment and water treatment systems to treat ballast water before it is discharged or the implementation of other port facility disposal arrangements or procedures at potentially substantial cost, or may otherwise restrict our vessels from entering U.S. waters.
 
At the international level, the IMO adopted an International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments in February 2004, or the BWM Convention. The BWM Convention provides for a phased introduction of mandatory ballast water exchange requirements, to be replaced in time with mandatory concentration limits. The BWM Convention will not enter into force until 12 months after it has been adopted by 30 states, the combined merchant fleets of which represent not less than 35% of the gross tonnage of the world's merchant shipping. To date, there has not been sufficient adoption of this standard for it to take force. However, Panama may adopt this standard in the relatively near future, which would be sufficient for it to take force. Upon entry into force of the BWM Convention, mid-ocean ballast exchange would be mandatory, and the cost of compliance could increase for ocean carriers. Although we do not believe that the costs of compliance with a mandatory mid-ocean ballast exchange would be material, it is difficult to predict the overall impact of such a requirement on our operations.
 
The U.S. Clean Air Act, or CAA, requires the EPA to promulgate standards applicable to emissions of volatile organic compounds and other air contaminants. Our vessels are subject to vapor control and recovery requirements for certain cargoes when loading, unloading, ballasting, cleaning and conducting other operations in regulated port areas. Our vessels that operate in such port areas with restricted cargoes are equipped with vapor recovery systems that satisfy these requirements. The CAA also requires states to draft State Implementation Plans, or SIPs, designed to attain national health-based air quality standards in each state. Although state-specific, SIPs may include regulations concerning emissions resulting from vessel loading and unloading operations by requiring the installation of vapor control equipment. As indicated above, our vessels operating in covered port areas are already equipped with vapor recovery systems that satisfy these existing requirements.
 
European Union
 
In October 2009, the European Union amended a directive to impose criminal sanctions for illicit ship-source discharges of polluting substances, including minor discharges, if committed with intent, recklessly or with serious negligence and the discharges individually or in the aggregate result in deterioration of the quality of water. Aiding and abetting the discharge of a polluting substance may also lead to criminal penalties. Member States were required to enact laws or regulations to comply with the directive by the end of 2010. Criminal liability for pollution may result in substantial penalties or fines and increased civil liability claims.
 
The European Union has adopted several regulations and directives requiring, among other things, more frequent inspections of high-risk ships, as determined by type, age, and flag as well as the number of times the ship has been detained. The European Union also adopted and then extended a ban on substandard ships and enacted a minimum ban period and a definitive ban for repeated offenses. The regulation also provided the European Union with greater authority and control over classification societies, by imposing more requirements on classification societies and providing for fines or penalty payments for organizations that failed to comply.
 
Greenhouse Gas Regulation
 
Currently, the emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping are not subject to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which entered into force in 2005 and pursuant to which adopting countries have been required to implement national programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, in July 2011, the MEPC adopted two new sets of mandatory requirements to address greenhouse gas emissions from ships that will enter into force in January 2013. Currently operating ships will be required to develop Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plans, and minimum energy efficiency levels per capacity mile will apply to new ships. These requirements could cause us to incur additional compliance costs. The IMO is also considering the development of market-based mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships. The European Union has indicated that it intends to propose an expansion of the existing European Union emissions trading scheme to include emissions of greenhouse gases from marine vessels, and in January 2012 the European Commission launched a public consultation on possible measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships. In the United States, the EPA has issued a finding that greenhouse gases endanger the public health and safety and has adopted regulations to limit greenhouse gas emissions from certain mobile sources and large stationary sources. Although the mobile source emissions regulations do not apply to greenhouse gas emissions from vessels, such regulation of vessels is foreseeable, and the EPA has in recent years received petitions from the California Attorney General and various environmental groups seeking such regulation. Any passage of climate control legislation or other regulatory initiatives by the IMO, European Union, the U.S. or other countries where we operate, or any treaty adopted at the international level to succeed the Kyoto Protocol, that restricts emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to make significant financial expenditures which we cannot predict with certainty at this time.
 
 
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International Labour Organization
 
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a specialized agency of the U.N. with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The ILO has adopted the Maritime Labor Convention 2006 (MLC 2006). A Maritime Labor Certificate and a Declaration of Maritime Labor Compliance will be required to ensure compliance with the MLC 2006 for all ships above 500 gross tons in international trade. The MLC 2006 will enter into force one year after 30 countries with a minimum of 33% of the world's tonnage have ratified it. The MLC 2006 has not yet been ratified, but its ratification would require us to develop new procedures to ensure full compliance with its requirements.
 
Vessel Security Regulations
 
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security. On November 25, 2002, the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, or the MTSA, came into effect. To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in July 2003, the U.S. Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. The regulations also impose requirements on certain ports and facilities, some of which are regulated by the EPA.
 
Similarly, in December 2002, amendments to SOLAS created a new chapter of the convention dealing specifically with maritime security. The new Chapter V became effective in July 2004 and imposes various detailed security obligations on vessels and port authorities, and mandates compliance with the ISPS Code. The ISPS Code is designed to enhance the security of ports and ships against terrorism. Amendments to SOLAS Chapter VII, made mandatory in 2004, apply to vessels transporting dangerous goods and require those vessels be in compliance with the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code.
 
To trade internationally, a vessel must attain an International Ship Security Certificate, or ISSC, from a recognized security organization approved by the vessel's flag state. Among the various requirements are:
 
 
on-board installation of automatic identification systems to provide a means for the automatic transmission of safety-related information from among similarly equipped ships and shore stations, including information on a ship's identity, position, course, speed and navigational status;
 
 
on-board installation of ship security alert systems, which do not sound on the vessel but only alert the authorities on shore;
 
 
the development of vessel security plans;
 
 
ship identification number to be permanently marked on a vessel's hull;
 
 
a continuous synopsis record kept onboard showing a vessel's history, including the name of the ship, the state whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, the date on which the ship was registered with that state, the ship's identification number, the port at which the ship is registered and the name of the registered owner(s) and their registered address; and
 
 
compliance with flag state security certification requirements.
 
A ship operating without a valid certificate, may be detained at port until it obtains an ISSC, or it may be expelled from port, or refused entry at port.
 
The U.S. Coast Guard regulations, intended to align with international maritime security standards, exempt from MTSA vessel security measures non-U.S. vessels that have on board, as of July 1, 2004, a valid ISSC attesting to the vessel's compliance with SOLAS security requirements and the ISPS Code. We believe that our fleet is currently in compliance with applicable security requirements.
 
Inspection by Classification Societies
 
Every oceangoing vessel must be "classed" by a classification society. The classification society certifies that the vessel is "in-class", signifying that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel's country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member. In addition, where surveys are required by international conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state, the classification society will undertake them on application or by official order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.
 
 
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Most insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that a vessel be certified as "in-class" by a classification society which is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies. All our vessels are certified as being "in-class" by a member classification society.

Risk of loss and insurance

Our business is affected by a number of risks, including mechanical failure of the vessels, collisions, property loss to the vessels, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities and labor strikes. In addition, the operation of any ocean-going vessel is subject to the inherent possibility of catastrophic marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.  OPA, which imposes virtually unlimited liability upon owners, operators and demise charterers of any vessel trading in the United States exclusive economic zone for certain oil pollution accidents in the United States, has made liability insurance more expensive for ship owners and operators trading in the United States market.

Our General Manager is responsible for arranging the insurance of our vessels in line with standard industry practice. In accordance with that practice, we maintain marine hull and machinery and war risks insurance, which include the risk of actual or constructive total loss, and protection and indemnity insurance with mutual assurance associations. We carry insurance covering the loss of hire resulting from marine casualties or hull and marine particular damages on our vessels. Currently, the amount of coverage for liability for pollution, spillage and leakage available to us on commercially reasonable terms through protection and indemnity associations and providers of excess coverage is $1.0 billion per vessel per occurrence. Protection and indemnity associations are mutual marine indemnity associations formed by shipowners to provide protection from large financial loss to one member by contribution towards that loss by all members.

We believe that our current insurance coverage is adequate to protect us against the accident-related risks involved  in the conduct of our business and that we maintain appropriate levels of environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage, consistent with standard industry practice. However, there is no assurance that all risks are adequately insured against, that any particular claims will be paid or that we will be able to procure adequate insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates in the future.

C.  ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

See Exhibit 8.1 for a list of our significant subsidiaries.

D.  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

We operate a modern fleet of four tankers and four Capesize dry bulk carriers. The name, dwt, flag and date of original delivery from the Builder's yard are set forth below.

Vessel name
Type
Approx. dwt
Flag
Year Built
 
 
 
 
 
Titan Venus (ex-Camden)
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1995
Mayfair
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1995
Kensington
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1995
Hampstead
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1996
Belgravia
Capesize
170,500
Marshall Islands
2009
Battersea
Capesize
170,500
Marshall Islands
2009
Golden Future
Capesize
176,000
Hong Kong
2010
Golden Zhejiang
Capesize
176,000
Hong Kong
2010

Our VLCCs are of double hull construction designed for enhanced safety and reliability. Please see the discussion in Item 3B. above for a description of environmental regulations that may affect the Company's utilization of the vessels.

Other than its interests in the vessels, the Company has no interest in any other property.

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.
 
 
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ITEM 5.  OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

A. OPERATING RESULTS

Overview

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with "Item 3. Selected Financial Data" and the Company's audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included herein.

In February 1997, the Company's five wholly-owned subsidiaries each purchased one VLCC. From their purchase in February 1997 until March 2004, the Company chartered the VLCCs to Shell International on long-term bareboat charters. The charters expired for all five VLCCs, in accordance with their terms, in March 2004 and the VLCCs were redelivered to the Company and subsequently chartered out on time and spot markets. One VLCC was sold in December 2007.
 
In May 2007, the Company entered into agreements for the construction of two Capesize dry bulk carriers, each with a cargo-carrying capacity of approximately 170,000 dwt, with Daehan Shipbuilding Co Ltd in the Republic of Korea. Both of the vessels commenced five-year time charters following their delivery to us in August and October 2009. In July 2010, we acquired a 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier from Golden Ocean and in October 2010, we acquired a second 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier from Golden Ocean. Both vessels were acquired with existing time charters.

In December 2007, we sold a VLCC to an unrelated third party for net proceeds of $99.0 million.

In December 2011, an agreement was reached with Frontline,  the charterer of Hampstead, to reduce the daily charter rate from $37,750 to $27,050 from January 1, 2012 until April 22, 2012, the date when the vessel was re-delivered to us from its time charterer. During this period, the charterer was obligated to compensate us for any daily vessel earnings above $27,050 up to and including $37,750. There was no compensation above the daily gross hire rate for the first quarter of 2012.

We currently own and operate four VLCCs and four Capesize dry bulk carriers. Two VLCCs operate in the spot market whilst the remaining vessels operate under the following time and bareboat charter agreements:

 
Time Charter Terms
Earliest redelivery date
Battersea
$40,000 per day (1)
June 2014
Belgravia
$52,670 per day (2)
August 2014
Golden Future
$31,500 per day
January 2013
Golden Zhejiang
$19,900 per day (3)
September 2016 (including extensions)

 
Bareboat Charter Terms
Earliest redelivery date
Titan Venus (ex-Camden)
$32,000 per day (4)
August 2012 (5)
Mayfair
$32,000 per day (4)
July 2015
 
(1) In March 2012, the charterer, Sanko Steamship Co., Ltd., requested that the Company agree to a deferral in payments of charter hire. Sanko is currently in financial difficulties and has issued a press release stating that it intends to meet all financial obligations and to restructure and strengthen its balance sheet. The Company has been informed that Sanko is planning to present formal rehabilitation proposals to stakeholders at meetings in early June 2012.
 
(2) In March 2012, the Company agreed an amendment to the time charter with Jiangsu Shagang Group Co., Ltd ("Shagang") whereby (i) the sum of $95,000 shall be deducted from future charter hire payments, which are each payable 15 days in advance,  until the amount of $5.7 million has been deducted, and (ii) the sum of $5.0 million shall be pre-paid in one or more installments no later than five months following receipt by Shagang of a guarantee to be provided in accordance with the amendment.
 
(3) The daily gross hire rate has been reduced from $29,900 to $19,900 for a period of one year beginning on July 1, 2011. The amount of lost revenues resulting from this reduction is expected to be repaid by the charterers ratably on a daily basis beginning on July 1, 2012 until September 2014. In addition, the amended time charter agreement provides us with two one-year extension options at rates we believe are above current market levels.
 
(4)  Represents the time charter equivalent rate, or TCE rate, which is a measure of the daily revenue performance of a vessel. Our method of calculating TCE rate for this vessel is determined by adding the estimated drydocking costs and operating expenses to the daily bareboat charter rate.
 
(5) The charterer has an option to extend this charter by an additional 30 months.
 
 
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Market Overview and Trend Information

Tanker Market

The tanker market in 2011 was characterized by conflicts in Libya and the Middle-East, increasing demand for Suezmax tanker transportation in areas such as the Mediterranean Sea. The market experienced decreased demand for transatlantic Suezmax tanker movements mainly driven by U.S. refinery closedowns. This was partly offset by increased demand for crude oil and fuel oil in the eastern hemisphere from West Africa and the European continent, respectively.

In addition, the market increased above breakeven rates for a short period in February when there was political unrest in the Middle East, however, the year was dominated by an oversupply of vessels. In the fourth quarter of 2011, there was an increase in demand for oil and crude transportation which, coupled with an increase in imports to China from new regions demanding higher ton-miles, resulted in a slightly better finish to the year than initially anticipated.

According to industry sources, the average TCE rate for a modern VLCC was $22,100 per day in 2011. The first quarter of the year averaged $33,600 per day, which was the best quarter of the year. For the second, third and fourth quarter the average earnings were $22,200, $11,400 and $23,000 per day respectively.

The VLCC fleet increased by approximately 10% in 2011 to 594 vessels. Throughout 2011, a total of 59 new vessels were delivered to owners and eight new orders were placed. The total order book consisted of 123 vessels at the end of 2011, representing approximately 21% of the existing fleet.

According to industry sources, in 2011 79 VLCCs were delivered, which was a 25% slippage for the year, respectively, and the trend is expected to continue throughout 2012.

Throughout 2012, it is estimated that 54 new VLCCs will enter the market, including nine VLCCs in the first quarter. The phase-out program for single hull vessels has not yet been completed and the single hull fleet is currently comprised of 27 single hull VLCCs and nine single hull Suezmax tankers.

According to the February 2012 report from the International Energy Agency, or IEA, average OPEC production was estimated at 30 million barrels per day in 2011. The expected 2012 OPEC production output figure has not yet been published by the IEA. However, the IEA estimates a production figure of about 30.9 million barrels per day for January 2012, which is approximately 390,000 barrels per day more compared to the production output in the fourth quarter of 2011.

The IEA further estimates that the average world oil demand was 89.07 million barrels per day in 2011, which represents an increase of 0.8% or 740,000 barrels per day from 2010. For 2012, the world oil demand is estimated at 89.9 million barrels per day, representing an increase of 0.9% or 830,000 barrels per day from 2011.

The bunker (vessel fuel oil) market followed movements in the oil market closely in 2011. The average bunker price in Fujairah was $649 per metric ton in 2011, which represented an increase of $183 per metric ton  from 2010.

According to the 'World Economic Outlook - Update' published by The International Monetary Fund, or IMF, in February 2012, World Output, or GDP, increased 3.8% in 2011, which was less than the 5.2% increase in 2010. For 2012 and 2013 the IMF forecasts World GDP growth of 3.3% and 3.9%, respectively.

Dry bulk Market
 
Dry bulk analysts have been focused on the order book and potential oversupply of dry bulk vessels. In 2011, more than 1,100 vessels entered the market, of which, 250 were Capesizes and 290 Panamaxes. Approximately one vessel from each segment entered the market every working day last year. At the beginning of 2011, the official order book projected that as much as 140 million deadweight ton ("mdwt") was scheduled to be delivered during 2011. This represented as much as 25% of the existing fleet in January 2011. Similar to the trends of 2009 and 2010, a combination of delays, cancellations and restructuring of contracts resulted in a delivery ratio of 67% compared to the official order book. Forecasters question the quality of the input to the official order book, which does not account for cancellations that are not reported. In addition, the ambitious plans of many so called "green field" yards have not been realistic. Scrapping, which is mainly a function of the spot market, was at a historic high in 2011. Almost 25 mdwt was scrapped and the average age of the vessels being scrapped was the lowest since 2003. Consequently, the net fleet growth was 77 mdwt or close to 14% of the existing fleet.
 
 
29

 
 
Despite historically high scrapping, vessel supply continued to increase. For the smaller size vessels, earnings were relatively flat throughout the year, while Capesize earnings were split with considerably higher returns in the second half compared to the first half of 2011. Factors that affected the market in the first half of 2011 include adverse weather in Australia and flooding and bad weather conditions in general in the southern hemisphere, the earthquake and devastating tsunami in Japan, and a high influx of newbuildings, which takes place at the beginning of every calendar year. Overall, it is believed that the average utilization of the dry bulk fleet during 2011 was around 85%.

The increase in ton mile demand was close to 10%, while volume growth on its own was less than 6%. Other elements stabilizing the balance were slow steaming, congestion and Chinese coastal trade. Since the start of the dry bulk super cycle in 2003 it has been all about the China story. China has accounted for about 95% of incremental growth and the dependence on Chinese growth will remain the same in the coming years. In 2011, dry bulk imports to China increased by 21.5% and in four months last year monthly imports of all dry bulk commodities exceeded 100 million metric tons.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
 
Management believes that the following accounting policies are the most critical in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results as they require a higher degree of judgment in their application resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. See Note 2 to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for details of all of our material accounting policies.
 
Revenue and expense recognition
 
Revenues and expenses are recognized on the accruals basis. Revenues are generated from freight billings, time charter and bareboat charter hires. Voyage revenues and expenses are recognized ratably over the estimated length of each voyage and, therefore, are allocated between reporting periods based on the relative transit time in each period. The impact of recognizing voyage expenses ratably over the length of each voyage is not materially different on a quarterly and annual basis from a method of recognizing such costs as incurred. Probable losses on voyages are provided for in full at the time such losses can be estimated. Time charter and bareboat charter revenues are recorded over the term of the charter as a service is provided. The Company uses a discharge-to-discharge basis in determining percentage of completion for all spot voyages and voyages servicing contracts of affreightment whereby it recognizes revenue ratably from when product is discharged (unloaded) at the end of one voyage to when it is discharged after the next voyage. However, the Company does not recognize revenue if a charter has not been contractually committed to by a customer and the Company, even if the vessel has discharged its cargo and is sailing to the anticipated load port on its next voyage.

Amounts receivable from profit sharing arrangements are accrued based on the time charter equivalent rates achieved through vessel deployment over the preceding quarter in the market for certain key routes and are not contingent on the performance of the Company. This amount is calculated and accounted for on a quarterly basis and is received on a quarterly basis. Each quarterly settlement is final and does not get carried forward to the next quarter. There is no consideration of future performance in the recording of profit sharing revenue.

Vessels and depreciation
 
Vessels are stated at cost less accumulated deprecation. Depreciation is calculated based on cost less estimated residual value, using the straight-line method, over the useful life of each vessel. The useful life of each vessel is deemed to be 25 years.

The carrying value of each of the Company's vessels represents its original cost at the time it was delivered or purchased less depreciation calculated using an estimated useful life of 25 years from the date such vessel was originally delivered from the shipyard. Effective July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its four VLCCs from $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting increase in salvage value reduced depreciation by approximately $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The Company's assumptions used in the determination of estimated salvage value took into account then current scrap prices, the historic pattern of scrap rates over the ten years ended December 31, 2008, estimated changes in future market demand for scrap steel and estimated future demand for vessels. Management believes that $281 per lightweight ton is a reasonable estimate of future scrap prices, taking into consideration the cyclicality of the nature of future demand for scrap steel. Although management believes that the assumptions used to determine the scrap rate are reasonable and appropriate, such assumptions are highly subjective, in part, because of the cyclicality of the nature of future demand for scrap steel.
 
 
30

 
 
Vessel Impairment

The carrying values of the Company's vessels may not represent their fair market value at any point in time since the market prices of second-hand vessels tend to fluctuate with changes in charter rates and the cost of newbuildings. Historically, both charter rates and vessel values tend to be cyclical. The carrying amounts of vessels held and used by the Company are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a particular vessel may not be fully recoverable. In such instances, an impairment charge would be recognized if the estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the vessel and its eventual disposition is less than the vessel's carrying amount. This assessment is made at the individual vessel level as separately identifiable cash flow information for each vessel is available. The carrying value of a time charter contract that was acquired with one of the vessels is included in the assessment.
 
In developing estimates of future cash flows, the Company must make assumptions about future performance, with significant assumptions being related to charter rates, ship operating expenses, utilization, drydocking requirements, residual value and the estimated remaining useful lives of the vessels. These assumptions are based on historical trends as well as future expectations. Specifically, in estimating future charter rates, management takes into consideration rates currently in effect for existing time charters and estimated daily time charter equivalent rates for each vessel class for the unfixed days over the estimated remaining lives of each of the vessels. The estimated daily time charter equivalent rates used for unfixed days are based on a combination of (i) trading exchange forecasts, and (ii) the trailing 20-year historical average rates, based on quarterly average rates published by a third party maritime research service. Recognizing that the transportation of crude oil is cyclical and subject to significant volatility based on factors beyond the Company's control, management believes the use of estimates based on the combination of internally forecasted rates and 20-year historical average rates calculated as of the reporting date to be reasonable.

Estimated outflows for operating expenses and drydocking requirements are based on historical and budgeted costs and are adjusted for assumed inflation. Finally, utilization is based on historical levels achieved and estimates of a residual value are consistent with the pattern of scrap rates used in management's evaluation of salvage value.

The more significant factors that could impact management's assumptions regarding time charter equivalent rates include (i) loss or reduction in business from significant customers, (ii) unanticipated changes in demand for transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes, (iii) changes in production of or demand for oil, generally or in particular regions, (iv) greater than anticipated levels of tanker newbuilding orders or lower than anticipated levels of tanker scrappings, and (v) changes in rules and regulations applicable to the tanker industry, including legislation adopted by international organizations such as the IMO and the EU or by individual countries. Although management believes that the assumptions used to evaluate potential impairment are reasonable and appropriate at the time they were made, such assumptions are highly subjective and likely to change, possibly materially, in the future. There can be no assurance as to how long charter rates and vessel values will remain at their current low levels or whether they will improve by a significant degree. If charter rates were to remain at depressed levels future assessments of vessel impairment would be adversely affected.

Our Fleet – Comparison of Possible Excess of Carrying Value Over Estimated Charter-Free Market Value of Certain Vessels

In "Critical Accounting Policies – Impairment of long-lived assets," we discuss our policy for impairing the carrying values of our vessels.   During the past few years, the market values of vessels have experienced particular volatility, with substantial declines in many vessel classes.  As a result, the charter-free market value, or basic market value, of certain of our vessels may have declined below those vessels' carrying value, even though we would not impair those vessels' carrying value under our accounting impairment policy, due to our belief that future undiscounted cash flows expected to be earned by such vessels over their operating lives would exceed such vessels' carrying amounts.

Our estimates of basic market value assume that our vessels are all in good and seaworthy condition without need for repair and if inspected would be certified in class without notations of any kind.  Our estimates are based on the estimated market values for our vessels that we have received from shipbrokers and are inherently uncertain. In addition, vessel values are highly volatile; as such, our estimates may not be indicative of the current or future basic market value of our vessels or prices that we could achieve if we were to sell them.
 
 
31

 
 
The table set forth below indicates (i) the carrying value of each of our vessels as of December 31, 2011, (ii) which of those vessels we believe has a basic market value, based on ship broker reports, below its carrying value, and (iii) the aggregate difference between carrying value and market value represented by such vessels. We believe that the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be earned by those vessels, which have experienced a decline in charter-free market value below such vessels' carrying value, over their reporting lives would exceed vessels' carrying values as of December 31, 2011, and accordingly, have not recorded an impairment charge.

As of December 31, 2011, and the date of this annual report, we were not holding any of the vessels listed in the table below as held for sale.

Vessel
Built
Approximate
Dwt
Carrying Value
($ millions)*
VLCCs
     
Titan Venus (ex Camden)
1995
298,000
36.7
Mayfair
1995
298,000
37.8
Kensington
1995
298,000
37.9
Hampstead
1996
298,000
39.0
Capesize
     
Belgravia
2009
170,500
76.1
Battersea
2009
170,500
81.0
Golden Future
2010
176,000
68.2
Golden Zhejiang
2010
176,000
59.6

* As of December 31, 2011, the basic charter-free market value for each of the vessels above is lower than the vessel's carrying value. We believe that the aggregate carrying value of these vessels exceeds their aggregate basic charter-free market value by approximately $165.7 million.

We refer you to the risk factor entitled "Because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings" and the discussion herein under the heading "Business Overview".

Factors Affecting Our Results

The principal factors which affect our results of operations and financial position include:

 
the earnings of our vessels;
 
 
the earnings from the sale of assets;
 
 
vessel operating expenses;
 
 
administrative expenses;
 
 
depreciation; and
 
 
interest expense.
 
Operating costs are the direct costs associated with running a vessel and include crew costs, vessel supplies, repairs and maintenance, drydockings, lubricating oils and insurance. We bear the operating costs for our vessels which operate under time charter.

Administrative expenses are composed of general corporate overhead expenses, including audit fees, directors' fees and expenses, registrar fees, investor relations and publication expenses, legal and professional fees and other general administrative expenses.
 
 
32

 
 
Depreciation, or the periodic cost charged to our income for the reduction in usefulness and long-term value of our vessels, is also related to the number of vessels we own. We depreciate the cost of our vessels, less their estimated residual value, over their estimated useful life on a straight-line basis.

Interest expense depends on our overall borrowing levels and will change with prevailing interest rates, although the effect of these changes may be reduced by interest rate swaps or other derivative instruments. At December 31, 2011, all of our debt was floating rate debt. We may enter into interest rate swap arrangements if we believe it is advantageous to do so.

Lack of Historical Operating Data for Vessels before their Acquisition

Consistent with shipping industry practice, other than inspection of the physical condition of the vessels and examinations of classification society records, there is no historical financial due diligence process when we acquire vessels. Accordingly, we do not obtain the historical operating data for the vessels from the sellers because that information is not material to our decision to make acquisitions, nor do we believe it would be helpful to potential investors in our common shares in assessing our business or profitability. Most vessels are sold under a standardized agreement, which, among other things, provides the buyer with the right to inspect the vessel and the vessel's classification society records. The standard agreement does not give the buyer the right to inspect, or receive copies of, the historical operating data of the vessel. Prior to the delivery of a purchased vessel, the seller typically removes from the vessel all records, including past financial records and accounts related to the vessel. In addition, the technical management agreement between the seller's technical manager and the seller is automatically terminated and the vessel's trading certificates are revoked by its flag state following a change in ownership.
 
Consistent with shipping industry practice, we treat the acquisition of a vessel (whether acquired with or without charter) as the acquisition of an asset rather than a business. Although vessels are generally acquired free of charter, we have agreed to acquire (and may in the future acquire) some vessels with time charters. Where a vessel has been under a voyage charter, the vessel is delivered to the buyer free of charter. It is rare in the shipping industry for the last charterer of the vessel in the hands of the seller to continue as the first charterer of the vessel in the hands of the buyer. In most cases, when a vessel is under time charter and the buyer wishes to assume that charter, the vessel cannot be acquired without the charterer's consent and the buyer's entering into a separate direct agreement with the charterer to assume the charter. The purchase of a vessel itself does not transfer the charter, because it is a separate service agreement between the vessel owner and the charterer. When we purchase a vessel and assume a related time charter, we must take the following steps before the vessel will be ready to commence operations:
 
 
obtain the charterer's consent to us as the new owner;
 
 
obtain the charterer's consent to a new technical manager;
 
 
in some cases, obtain the charterer's consent to a new flag for the vessel;
 
 
arrange for a new crew for the vessel;
 
 
replace all hired equipment on board, such as gas cylinders and communication equipment;
 
 
negotiate and enter into new insurance contracts for the vessel through our own insurance brokers;
 
 
register the vessel under a flag state and perform the related inspections in order to obtain new trading certificates from the flag state;
 
 
implement a new planned maintenance program for the vessel; and
 
 
ensure that the new technical manager obtains new certificates for compliance with the safety and vessel security regulations of the flag state.

Inflation
 
Although inflation has had a moderate impact on our vessel operating expenses and corporate overheads, management does not consider inflation to be a significant risk to direct costs in the current and foreseeable economic environment. It is anticipated that insurance costs, which have risen over the last three years, may well continue to rise moderately over the next few years. Oil transportation is a specialized area and the number of vessels is increasing. There will therefore be an increased demand for qualified crew and this has and will continue to put inflationary pressure on crew costs. However, in a shipping downturn, costs subject to inflation can usually be controlled because shipping companies typically monitor costs to preserve liquidity and encourage suppliers and service providers to lower rates and prices in the event of a downturn.
 
 
33

 
Year ended December 31, 2011 compared with year ended December 31, 2010

Operating revenues

(in thousands of $)
 
 
2011
 
 
 
2010
 
Change
 
Time charter revenues
 
 
71,570
 
 
 
74,232
 
(3.6)
%
Voyage charter revenues
 
 
11,324
 
 
 
15,268
 
(25.8)
%
Bareboat charter revenues
 
 
11,623
 
 
 
6,397
 
81.7
 %
Total operating revenues
 
 
94,517
 
 
 
95,897
 
(1.4)
 %

Time charter revenues decreased for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to reduced time charter revenues from (i) Hampstead, in the amount of $4.1 million due to loss of revenue incurred as a result of off hire due to repairs, (ii) Kensington, which was on time charter until its redelivery to us in May 2011, of $7.8 million, and (iii) Mayfair of $5.3 million due to the expiration of its time charter in April 2010. The reduction has been partially offset by an increase in time charter revenues from Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang of $6.2 million and $8.1million, respectively, which were operational for a full year in 2011.

Voyage charter revenues decreased for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the Kensington operating in the spot market from May 2011 compared with the Mayfair operating in the spot market from mid-April 2010 until mid-October 2010 and the Titan Venus (ex-Camden) operating in the spot market until mid-April 2010.
 
Bareboat revenues for year ended December 31, 2010 were attributable to the Titan Venus (ex-Camden), which commenced a 30-month bareboat charter in April 2010 and the Mayfair, which commenced a five year bareboat charter in October 2010. Bareboat revenues for the year ended December 31, 2011 were attributable to the Titan Venus (ex-Camden) and the Mayfair and the increase in bareboat revenues compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, was attributable to a full year of revenue from both charters, offset by an allowance for doubtful accounts of $1.7 million for unpaid charter hire.

Operating expenses

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
Change
 
Voyage expenses and commission
 
 
11,215
 
 
 
10,467
 
 
 
7.1
%
Ship operating expenses
 
 
18,801
 
 
 
19,678
 
 
 
(4.4
)%
Administrative expenses
 
 
3,528
 
 
 
3,018
 
 
 
16.9
%
Depreciation
 
 
22,759
 
 
 
19,567
 
 
 
16.3
%
Total operating expenses
 
 
56,303
 
 
 
52,730
 
 
 
6.8
%
 
Voyage expenses and commission increased for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the Kensington operating in the spot market from May 2011 and the Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, which were on time charter for the full year compared with the Mayfair operating in the spot market until early April 2010 and the Titan Venus (ex-Camden) operating in the spot market from mid-April 2010 until October 2010.

Ship operating expenses decreased for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to decreases of $1.1 million for Titan Venus (ex Camden) and $2.7 million for Mayfair, as a result of both vessels being on bareboat charters for the full year and a decrease of $2.1 million for Kensington, which operated in the spot market since its redelivery to us in
May 2011. These amounts were partially offset by Hampstead dry docking costs of $2.9 million and increases of $0.8 million and $1.5 million for Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, respectively, as they were operational for a full year in 2011.

Administrative expenses increased for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to restricted stock units expenses and an increase in audit fees.
 
 
34

 
 
Depreciation increased for the year ended December 31, 2011compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to an increase of $3.2 million for the Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang due to a full year's charge in 2011.

Other income (expenses)

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
Change
 
Interest income
 
 
52
 
 
 
54
 
 
 
(3.7
)%
Interest expense
 
 
(4,957
)
 
 
(3,940
)
 
 
25.8
%
Other financial items
 
 
(657
)
 
 
(724
)
 
 
(9.3
)%
Net other expenses
 
 
(5,562
)
 
 
(4,610
)
 
 
20.7
%

Interest expense increased for the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to a full year's expense related to the increase in borrowings following the acquisition of two Capesize vessels in 2010.

The decrease in other financial items for the year ended December 31, 2011compared to the year ended December 31, 2010 is primarily due to the write off in 2010 of the remaining unamortized costs relating to a $140.0 million credit facility, which was repaid in 2010.

Year ended December 31, 2010 compared with year ended December 31, 2009

Operating revenues
 
(in thousands of $)
 
 
2010
 
 
 
2009
 
Change
 
Time charter revenues
 
 
74,232
 
 
 
54,892
 
35.2
%
Voyage charter revenues
   
15,268
     
12,447
 
22.7
%
Bareboat charter revenues
 
 
6,397
 
 
 
-
 
-
 
Total operating revenues
 
 
95,897
 
 
 
67,339
 
42.4
%

Time charter revenues increased for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to increased earnings of (i) $9.5 million and $15.7 million from the Battersea and Belgravia, respectively, which were operational for a full year in 2010, (ii) $5.3 million from the Golden Future, which was purchased in July 2010, and (iii) $1.8 million from the Golden Zhejiang, which was purchased in October 2010, partially offset by reduced earnings from the Mayfair of $10.9 million due to the termination of a time charter in April 2010, and the Titan Venus (ex-Camden) of $1.9 million due to the termination of a time charter in January 2010.
 
Voyage charter revenues increased for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 primarily due to two vessels, Mayfair and Titan Venus (ex-Camden), operating in the spot market for periods in 2010 compared to one vessel, Titan Venus (ex-Camden), operating in the spot market for part of 2009.

Bareboat charter revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010 were attributable to Titan Venus (ex-Camden) commencing a two and half year bareboat charter in April 2010 and Mayfair commencing a five year bare boat charter in October 2010.

Operating expenses

(in thousands of $)
 
2010
 
 
2009
 
 
Change
 
Voyage expenses and commission
 
 
10,467
 
 
 
8,588
 
 
 
21.9
%
Ship operating expenses
 
 
19,678
 
 
 
18,829
 
 
 
4.5
%
Administrative expenses
 
 
3,018
 
 
 
1,823
 
 
 
65.6
%
Depreciation
 
 
19,567
 
 
 
14,343
 
 
 
36.4
%
Total operating expenses
 
 
52,730
 
 
 
43,583
 
 
 
21.0
%

The increase in voyage expenses for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009, is primarily due to two vessels, Mayfair and Titan Venus (ex-Camden), operating in the spot market for periods in 2010 compared to one vessel, Titan Venus (ex-Camden), operating in the spot market for part of 2009.
 
 
35

 
 
Ship operating expenses increased for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 primarily due to $1.4 million for Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, an increase of $2.3 million for Battersea and Belgravia and drydocking costs for the Kensington of $2.1 million, partially offset by a decrease in operating costs for the Titan Venus (ex-Camden) and Mayfair, which were on bareboat charters from April 2010 and October 2010, respectively.

Administrative expenses increased for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 primarily due to an increase in management fees for general administrative services provided by the General Manager.

Depreciation increased for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 primarily due to an increase of $4.6 million for the Battersea and Belgravia due to a full year's charge in 2010 and $1.6 million for the Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang following their purchase during 2010 partially offset by a decrease in the depreciation charge for the VLCCs following a change in their residual values on July 1, 2009.

Other income (expenses)

(in thousands of $)
 
2010
 
 
2009
 
 
Change
 
Interest income
 
 
54
 
 
 
123
 
 
 
(56.1
)%
Interest expense
 
 
(3,940
)
 
 
(1,895
)
 
 
107.9
%
Other financial items
 
 
(724
)
 
 
(304
)
 
 
138.2
%
Net other expenses
 
 
(4,610
)
 
 
(2,076
)
 
 
122.1
%

Interest income decreased for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 primarily due to a decrease in interest rates.

Interest expense increased for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 primarily due to the increased borrowings following the acquisition of the four Capesize vessels.

The increase in other financial items for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 is primarily due to an increase in the amortization of deferred charges resulting from charges capitalized in the third and fourth quarter of 2010 relating to new loans for $58.24 million and $175 million.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-04 "Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in US GAAP and IFRSs". In general, ASU 2011-04 clarifies the FASB's intent about the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements, and for many of these requirements the amendments are not intended to result in any change in the application of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 820 ("Fair Value Measurement"). At the same time, there are some amendments that do change particular principles or requirements relating to fair value measurement and disclosure.  ASU 2011-04 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05 "Presentation of Comprehensive Income" in order to improve the comparability, consistency and transparency of financial reporting and to increase the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income. ASU 2011-05 eliminates the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity, and requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, although early adoption is permitted. Its adoption will affect the presentation of the Company's financial statements, but is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. ASU 2011-05 also included the requirement to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statement(s) in which the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income are presented. Owing to concerns raised about difficulties in its implementation, this latter requirement has been deferred for further consideration, through the issue by the FASB in December 2011 of ASU 2011-12 "Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05".  Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
 
 
36

 
 
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11 "Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities" in order to standardize the disclosure requirements under US GAAP and IFRS relating to both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in financial statements. ASU 2011-11 is applicable for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures.

B. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The Company operates in a capital intensive industry and has historically financed its purchase of vessels through a combination of equity capital and borrowings from commercial banks. Our ability to generate adequate cash flows on a short and medium term basis depends substantially on the trading performance of our vessels in the market.  Periodic adjustments to the supply of and demand for oil tankers and dry bulk carriers cause the industry to be cyclical in nature.

The Company's funding and treasury activities are conducted within corporate policies to maximize investment returns while maintaining appropriate liquidity for the Company's requirements. Cash and cash equivalents are held primarily in United States dollars.

Short-term liquidity requirements of the Company relate to servicing our debt, payment of operating costs, funding working capital requirements and maintaining cash reserves against fluctuations in operating cash flows and payment of dividends. Sources of short-term liquidity include cash balances, restricted cash balances, short-term investments and receipts from our customers. Revenues from time and bareboat charters are generally received monthly or bi-weekly in advance while revenues from voyage charters are received upon completion of the voyage.

In April 2012, the Company estimates it has an average cash breakeven rate for its VLCCs, that are trading in the spot market of $14,900 per vessel per day, and its Capesize vessels of $8,400 per vessel per day. The VLCCs that are on bareboat contract have a cash break even rate of $6,100 per vessel per day. These represent the daily rates our vessels must earn to cover payment of budgeted operating costs (including corporate overheads), estimated interest and scheduled loan principal repayments. These rates do not take into account loan balloon repayments at maturity, which we expect to refinance with new loans.

The liquidity requirements of the Company include funding the replacement of vessels through the acquisition of second hand vessels or newbuilding vessels and the repayment of long-term debt balances. The Company's sources of capital have been the proceeds of its initial public offering, the underwritten public offering in September 2010, bank loans, proceeds from the sale of vessels and charter hire income. The Company expects that charter hire paid from time charters, bareboat charters and voyage charters will be sufficient sources of income for the Company to continue to pay ordinary recurring expenses including installments due on outstanding borrowings.

As described in "Item 4. Information on the Company-B. Business Overview", we recently agreed to reduce the daily hire rates in respect of the Hampstead, Belgravia and the Golden Zhejiang. In the case of the Golden Zhejiang, the difference between the original amount of charter hire and the reduced hire is expected to be repaid according to a deferred payment plan. In addition, the charterer of the Battersea has requested in March 2012 that we agree to a deferral in payments of charter hire. As of December 31, 2011, an amount of $9.4 million was due to the Company in respect of unpaid charter hire on its eight vessels, of which $9.3 million related to unpaid charter hire on three of its vessels.  The Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $1.7 million for unpaid charter hire in 2011. During 2012, the Company has received $5.8 million in respect of the December 31, 2011 balances owed on its vessels. We are in discussions with certain charterers with respect to the payment of outstanding charter hire; however, there can be no assurance that outstanding charter hire will be paid in full.  In addition, these discussions may result in changes to the terms of charters, including a reduction in charter hire rates. We believe our working capital is sufficient for the Company's present requirements.

As of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $46.8 million, $56.80 million and $8.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company had restricted cash of $15.0 million, $15.0 million and $10.0 million, respectively.  The restricted cash balance is a result of a minimum liquidity balance which we are required to maintain at all times under the Company's loan facilities.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, we paid total cash dividends of $48.9 million.
 
 
37

 
 
Borrowing activities

In March 2004, the Company refinanced a prior debt facility with a $140.0 million credit facility in the form of five tranches of $28.0 million, each in respect to a VLCC in the fleet at the time. One tranche was repaid upon the sale of the related vessel in 2007. The credit facility was secured by, among other things, a mortgage on each VLCC and an assignment of any charter in respect to that VLCC. The repayment terms of the facility were seven years. The credit facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin. During 2007, we obtained an extension of the $140 million loan with two tranches of $16.8 million each (the "Pre-delivery Loan"), subject to the same covenants as the $140 million loan, in order to fund the first installments on the two Capesize newbuildings. These tranches were repaid upon delivery of the Capesize vessels, which took place in August and October 2009. The outstanding balance on the $140 million loan was repaid in full in July 2010.

In August 2009, the Company entered into a four year term loan facility agreement consisting of two tranches of $30.0 million each (the "$60 Million Loan"). In August 2009, the Company drew down $30.0 million to fund the final instalment due on delivery of the first Capesize newbuilding and the repayment of the first tranche of the Pre-delivery Loan. In October 2009, the Company drew down the second tranche of $30.0 million under the term loan to fund the final instalment due on delivery of the second Capesize newbuilding and the repayment of the second tranche of the Pre-delivery Loan. The loans were secured by, among other things, a mortgage on the Capesize vessels and an assignment of any charters in respect to those vessels. The $60 Million Loan bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin. In July 2010, the Company amended the $60 Million Loan and increased the total amount under the credit facility to $105 million at which time, the Company drew down $47.5 million. The terms of the loan were amended in order to finance the purchase of a Capesize vessel and cover fees and expenses related to the acquisition. The August 2009 loan was refinanced with the senior secured term loan facility entered into in December 2010.

In July 2010, the Company entered into a $58.24 million credit facility consisting of four tranches of $14.56 million each relating to the VLCC vessels in the fleet to refinance the outstanding balance of $56 million of debt under its previous $140 million loan facility. This loan is repayable on a quarterly basis with a balloon payment at the final maturity date June 2015 and has an interest rate of LIBOR plus a margin. As of December 31, 2011, we had $53.74 million of outstanding borrowings under this facility with no available undrawn amount.

In December 2010, the Company refinanced its previous $105 million loan facility and entered into a $175 million credit facility consisting of four tranches of $25.0 million each relating to the Capesize vessels and a revolving debt facility of $75 million. The loan is repayable in May 2015 and has an interest rate of LIBOR plus a margin. As of December 31, 2011, we had $100.0 million of outstanding borrowings under this facility. The revolving debt facility of $75 million was available but undrawn at December 31, 2011.

Certain of the Company's loan agreements contain loan-to-value clauses, which could require the Company to post collateral or prepay a portion of the outstanding borrowings should the value of the vessels securing borrowings under each of such agreements decrease below required levels. In addition, the loan agreements contain certain financial covenants including the requirement to maintain a certain level of free cash. Failure to comply with any of the covenants in the loan agreements could result in a default under those agreements and under other agreements containing cross-default provisions. A default would permit lenders to accelerate the maturity of the debt under these agreements and to foreclose upon any collateral securing that debt. Under those circumstances, the Company might not have sufficient funds or other resources to satisfy its obligations. The Company was in compliance with all of the financial covenants contained in the Company's loan agreements as of December 31, 2011.

In addition, pursuant to the Company's $58.24 million and $175 million credit facilities, none of its vessel owning subsidiaries may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of their interests in the vessels they own without the prior written consent of the applicable lenders unless, in the case of a vessel sale, the outstanding borrowings under the credit facility applicable to that vessel are repaid in full.
 
Equity offerings

On September 27, 2010, the Company announced an underwritten public offering of 4,250,000 common shares and a 30 day option granted to the underwriters to purchase up to 637,500 additional shares to cover overallotments. The offering was priced at $19.00 per share and the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full. As a result, 4,887,500 common shares were issued in October and net proceeds of approximately $87.6 million were received. The proceeds have been used to fund a portion of the purchase price of the Golden Zhejiang and the remainder is expected to be used to repay indebtedness, fund future vessel acquisitions, for working capital and for general corporate purposes.
 
 
38

 
 
In July and October 2010, the Company purchased two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carriers, Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, from Golden Ocean. Golden Future was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 1,464,515 shares with a value of $25.0 million. Golden Zhejiang was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 973,684 shares with a value of $18.5 million.

C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PATENTS AND LICENSES, ETC

We do not undertake any significant expenditure on research and development, and have no significant interests in patents or licenses.
 
D. TREND INFORMATION
 
The oil tanker and dry bulk industries have been highly cyclical, experiencing volatility in charter hire rates and vessel values resulting from changes in the supply of and demand for crude oil and tanker capacity, dry bulk cargoes and dry bulk vessels. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – A. Operating Results".

E. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

None.

F. TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

At December 31, 2011, the Company had the following contractual obligations:

 
Payment due by period
 
 
 
 
Less than
 
 
 
 
 
More than
 
(In thousands of $)
Total
 
one year
 
1-3 years
 
3-5 years
 
5 years
 
Debt (1)
    153,740       3,600       7,200       142,940       -  
Total contractual cash obligations
    153,740       3,600       7,200       142,940       -  

(1) All of the Company's loan facilities are at floating interest rates based on LIBOR plus a margin and the Company has not entered into any interest rate swaps. The amounts included above do not include interest payments.

G. SAFE HARBOR
 
Forward-looking information discussed in this Item 5 includes assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events. These statements are intended as "forward-looking statements." We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events may and often do vary from actual results and the differences can be material. Please see "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" in this report.
 
ITEM 6.  DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

A.  DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Set forth below are the names and positions of the directors and executive officers of the Company.

The Company
Name
 
Age
 
Position
Ola Lorentzon
 
62
 
Director and Chairman
Douglas C. Wolcott
 
80
 
Director and Audit Committee member
David M. White
 
71
 
Director and Audit Committee Chairman
Hans Petter Aas
 
66
 
Director
Herman Billung
 
54
 
Director
Inger M. Klemp
 
49
 
Chief Financial Officer
Georgina Sousa
 
62
 
Company Secretary
 
 
39

 
 
Pursuant to the Amended General Management Agreement with the Company, the General Manager provides management and advisory services to the Company.  Set forth below are the names and positions of the directors, executive officers and officers of the General Manager.

Name
 
Age
 
Position
Inger M. Klemp
 
49
 
Director and President
Kate Blankenship
 
47
 
Director
Graham Baker
 
52
 
Director

Directors of both the Company and the General Manager are elected annually, and each director elected holds office until a successor is elected.  Officers of both the Company and the General Manager are elected from time to time by vote of the respective board of directors and hold office until a successor is elected.  Certain biographical information with respect to each director and executive officer of the Company and the General Manager is set forth below.

Ola Lorentzon has been a director of the Company since September 18, 1996, Chairman since May 26, 2000 and Chief Executive Officer since May 5, 2010.  Mr. Lorentzon is also a director of Erik Thun AB and Crew Chart Ship Management AB.  Mr. Lorentzon was the Managing Director of Frontline Management AS, a subsidiary of Frontline, from April 2000 until September 2003.

Douglas C. Wolcott has been a director of the Company since September 18, 1996.  Mr. Wolcott has also served as President of Chevron Shipping Corporation until 1994.  Mr. Wolcott previously served as Deputy Chairman and director of the United Kingdom Protection and Indemnity Club and as a director of London & Overseas Freighters Limited.  He is currently a director of the American Bureau of Shipping.

David M. White has been a director of the Company since September 18, 1996.  Mr. White was Chairman of Dan White Investment Limited which is now closed.  Mr. White has also served as a director of NatWest Equity Primary Markets Limited from January 1992 to March 1996, and was previously a director of both NatWest Markets Corporate Finance Limited and NatWest Markets Securities Limited until December 1991.
 
Herman Billung has been a director since September 2010. Mr. Billung has served as Chief Executive Officer of Golden Ocean Management AS since April 1, 2005. Mr. Billung's previous position was as Managing Director of Maritime Services in The Torvald Klaveness Group, responsible for the commercial management of the group's dry bulk pools, Bulkhandling and Baumarine. Mr. Billung was Managing Director of the dry bulk operating company, Frapaco Shipping Ltd. between 1994 and 1998. Mr. Billung graduated from the Royal Norwegian Naval Academy in 1984.
 
Hans Petter Aas has been a director of the Company since September 2008. Mr. Aas has been a director of Ship Finance International Limited since August 2008 and Chairman since January 2009. Mr. Aas has been a director of Golar LNG Limited since September 2008 and a director of Golar LNG Partners LP since March 2011. Mr. Aas is also a director of Knutsen NYK Offshore Tankers AS, Gearbulk Holding Limited and the Norwegian Export Credit Guaranty Institute. Mr. Aas had a long career as banker in the international shipping and offshore market, and retired from his position as Global Head of the Shipping, Offshore and Logistics Division of DnB NOR Bank ASA ("DnB NOR") in August 2008. He joined DnB NOR (then Bergen Bank) in 1989, and has previously worked for the Petroleum Division of the Norwegian Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Energy, as well as for VestaInsurance and Nevi Finance.

Inger M. Klemp has served as Chief Financial Officer of the Company since September 2007. Mrs. Klemp has served as Chief Financial Officer of Frontline Management AS and has been a director of the General Manager since June 1, 2006. Mrs. Klemp has served as a director of Independent Tankers Corporation Limited since February 2008. Mrs. Klemp served as Vice President Finance of Frontline Management AS from August 2001 until she was promoted in May 2006. Mrs. Klemp graduated as MSc in Business and Economics from the Norwegian School of Management (BI) in 1986. Mrs. Klemp served as Assistant Director Finance in Color Group ASA from 1998 to 2001 and as Group Financial Manager in Color Line ASA from 1992 to 1998, a Norwegian based cruise operator which was stock exchange listed until October 1999. From 1989 to 1992 Mrs. Klemp served as Assistant Vice President in Nordea Bank Norge ASA handling structuring and syndication of loan facilities in the international banking market. From 1986 to 1989, Mrs. Klemp served as a lending officer of Fokus Bank ASA.

Kate Blankenship was Chief Financial Officer of the Company from April 2000 to September 2007 and served as Secretary of the Company from December 2000 to March 2007. Mrs. Blankenship has been a director of the General Manager since March 2000. Mrs. Blankenship served as the Chief Accounting Officer and Secretary of Frontline between 1994 and October 2005. Mrs. Blankenship also serves as a director of Golar LNG Limited, Golar LNG Partners LP, Ship Finance International Limited, Seadrill Limited, Archer Limited, Golden Ocean Group Limited and Independent Tankers Corporation Limited. She is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.
 
 
40

 
 
Graham Baker has been a director of the General Manager since December 6, 2006. Mr. Baker is Chief Accounting Officer of Frontline having joined the company in July 2006. Prior to joining Frontline, Mr. Baker was the Head of Group Reporting at NTL Inc., a large NASDAQ listed company and before that was the European Chief Financial Officer of DVI Inc., a NYSE listed group. He is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and the Association of Corporate Treasurers.

Georgina E. Sousa has served as Secretary of the Company since March 15, 2007 and has been employed by Frontline since February 2007.  Prior to joining Frontline, Mrs. Sousa was Vice-President-Corporate Services of Consolidated Services Limited, a Bermuda management company having joined that firm in 1993 as Manager of Corporate Administration.  From 1976 to 1982 she was employed by the Bermuda law firm of Appleby, Spurling & Kempe as a Company Secretary and from 1982 to 1993 she was employed by the Bermuda law firm of Cox & Wilkinson as Senior Company Secretary.

B.  COMPENSATION

The Company incurred directors' fees of $430,000 in 2011. On December 22, 2011, a total of 46,593 restricted stock units, or RSUs, were issued to directors of the company at an issue price of $13.95 per share. During 2011, RSU expense was $0.2 million which relates to the 29,571 RSUs awarded to the directors on December 29, 2010 at an issue price of $22.23 per share.

Employment Agreement

On May 19, 2010, the Company entered into an employment agreement with its Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Ola Lorentzon. The employment agreement has a term of three years unless terminated earlier in accordance with its terms. Under the employment agreement, Mr. Lorentzon receives an annual base salary of $130,000 and is entitled to receive a discretionary bonus and additional incentive compensation as determined by the Board.

Under the employment agreement, Mr. Lorentzon is prohibited from participating in marine transportation business activities in direct competition with us or our operating subsidiaries during the term of the employment agreement and for 12 months following its termination. Upon termination of the employment agreement by us without cause (as defined in the employment agreement), Mr. Lorentzon will be entitled to (i) his base salary through the date of termination, (ii) a lump sum payment equal to the aggregate of his base salary plus a discretionary bonus, based on the average of his two prior years' total compensation, or a lump sum of $130,000 if no average is available, and (iii) any amounts Mr. Lorentzon may be entitled to under the terms of the equity incentive plan.

2010 Equity Incentive Plan

The Company adopted an equity incentive plan, which we refer to as the plan, under which directors, officers, employees, consultants and service providers to the Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates are eligible to receive options to acquire common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and unrestricted common stock. A total of 800,000 common shares have been reserved for issuance under the plan, subject to adjustment for changes in capitalization as provided in the plan. The plan is administered by the Board or such committee of the Board as may be appointed by the Board to serve as plan administrator. The units will vest over three years at a rate of 1/3 of the number of units granted on each anniversary of the date of grant, subject to the participant continuing to provide services to the Company from the grant date through the applicable vesting date.

Payment upon vesting of RSUs can be in cash, in shares of common stock or a combination of both as determined by the Board of Directors. They must be valued in an amount equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of vesting. The participant shall receive a 'dividend equivalent right' with respect to each RSU entitling the participant to receive amounts equal to the ordinary dividends that would be paid during the time the RSU is outstanding and unvested on the shares of common stock underlying the RSU as if such shares were outstanding from the date of grant through the applicable vesting date of the RSU.  Such payments shall be paid to the participant at the same time at which the RSUs vesting event occurs, conditioned upon the occurrence of the vesting event.
 
 
41

 
 
The following table summarizes restricted stock unit transactions in the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
Number of units
   
   
Directors
   
Management companies
   
Total
   
Fair value
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2009
    -       -       -       -  
Granted – December 29, 2010
    29,571       29,572       59,143       $22.23  
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2010
    29,571       29,572       59,143       $22.27  
Granted – December 22, 2011
    46,593       46,596       93,189       $13.95  
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2011
    76,164       76,168       152,332       $13.67  

During 2012, the Company plans to issue 11,301 common shares and pay $154,102 in cash to members of the Board of Directors and to the General Manager and the Dry bulk Manager in settlement of the 19,714 RSUs that vested on December 29, 2011. The settlement represents 50% of the value in common shares and 50% of the value in cash for each of the directors and each of the two management companies.
 
C.  BOARD PRACTICES

As provided in the Company's bye-laws, each director shall hold office until the next Annual General Meeting following his election or until his successor is elected.  The officers of the Company are elected by the Board as soon as possible following each Annual General Meeting and shall hold office for such period and on such terms as the Board may determine.

The Company has established an audit committee comprised of Messrs. White and Wolcott, independent directors of the Company. The audit committee is responsible for assisting the Board with its oversight responsibilities regarding the integrity of our financial statements, our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, our independent registered public accounting firm's qualifications and independence, and the performance of our internal audit functions.

There are no service contracts between us and any of our directors providing for benefits upon termination of their employment.

Board practices and exemptions from the NASDAQ corporate governance rules

As a foreign private issuer we are exempt from certain requirements of the NASDAQ Global Select Market that are applicable to domestic companies.
 
We have certified to NASDAQ that our corporate governance practices are in compliance with, and are not prohibited by, the laws of Bermuda. Accordingly, we are exempt from many of NASDAQ's corporate governance practices other than the requirements regarding the disclosure of a going concern audit opinion, submission of a listing agreement, notification of material non-compliance with NASDAQ corporate governance practices and the establishment and composition of an audit committee and a formal written audit committee charter. The practices that we follow in lieu of NASDAQ's corporate governance rules are as follows:

 
Our Board is currently comprised by a majority of independent directors.  Under Bermuda law, we are not required to have a majority of independent directors and cannot assure you that we will continue to do so.
 
 
In lieu of holding regular meetings at which only independent directors are present, our entire Board may hold regular meetings as is consistent with Bermuda law.
 
 
In lieu of an audit committee comprised of three independent directors, our audit committee has two members, which is consistent with Bermuda law.  Both members of the audit committee currently meet NASDAQ's requirement of independence.
 
 
In lieu of a nomination committee comprised of independent directors, our Board is responsible for identifying and recommending potential candidates to become board members and recommending directors for appointment to board committees. Shareholders are permitted to identify and recommend potential candidates to become board members, but pursuant to the bye-laws, directors are elected by the shareholders in duly convened annual or special general meetings.
 
 
In lieu of a compensation committee comprised of independent directors, our Board is responsible for establishing the executive officers' compensation and benefits. Under Bermuda law, compensation of the executive officers is not required to be determined by an independent committee.
 
 
 
42

 
 
In lieu of obtaining an independent review of related party transactions for conflicts of interests, consistent with Bermuda law requirements, our bye-laws do not prohibit any director from being a party to, or otherwise interested in, any transaction or arrangement with the Company or in which the Company is otherwise interested, provided that the director makes proper disclosure of same as required by the bye-laws and Bermuda law.
 
 
Prior to the issuance of securities, we are required to obtain the consent of the Bermuda Monetary Authority as required by law. We have obtained blanket consent from the Bermuda Monetary Authority for the issue and transfer of the Company's securities provided that such securities remain listed on a recognized stock exchange.
 
 
Pursuant to NASDAQ corporate governance rules and as a foreign private issuer, we are not required to solicit proxies or provide proxy statements to NASDAQ. Bermuda law does not require that we solicit proxies or provide proxy statements to NASDAQ. Consistent with Bermuda law and as provided in our bye-laws, we are also required to notify our shareholders of meetings no less than five days before the meeting.  Our bye-laws also provide that shareholders may designate a proxy to act on their behalf.
 
Other than as noted above, we are in full compliance with all other applicable NASDAQ corporate governance standards. Please see Item 16G of this Annual Report.

D.  EMPLOYEES

The General Manager is responsible for the management and administration of the Company. We have not had any employees since our inception other than Ola Lorentzon who was appointed as our Chief Executive Officer in May 2010 and Inger M. Klemp who has served as our Chief Financial Officer since September 2007.

E.  SHARE OWNERSHIP

As of April 27, 2012, none of the directors or officers of the Company owned any common shares of the Company and four directors owned a total of 76,164 restricted stock units of the Company.

ITEM 7.  MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A.  MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

The following table presents certain information as of April 27, 2012, regarding the ownership of our shares of common stock with respect to each shareholder, who we know to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock.
 
Beneficial Owner
Amount of Common Shares
Percentage Ownership
First Trust Portfolios L.P., First Trust Advisors L.P., and The Charger Corporation (1)
1,610,488
6.6%

(1) Information derived from the Schedule 13G/A of First Trust Portfolios L.P., First Trust Advisors L.P., and The Charger Corporation, which was filed with the Commission on January 9, 2012.
 
According to a Schedule 13G/A of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P., or Kayne, which was filed with the Commission on April 9, 2012, Kayne reduced its holdings in the Company from 1,319,538 common shares to 0 common shares.
 
In March 2012, Golden Ocean, sold 2,438,199 of our common shares in an underwritten public offering.
 
The Company is not directly or indirectly controlled by another corporation, by a foreign government or by any other natural or legal person. We are not aware of any arrangements, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the Company.
 
 
43

 
 
B.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
In July and October 2010, the Company purchased two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carriers, Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, from Golden Ocean. Golden Future was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 1,464,515 shares with a value of $25.0 million. Golden Zhejiang was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 973,684 shares with a value of $18.5 million. Both vessels were acquired with an existing time charter and $3.3 million of the purchase price for the Golden Zhejiang has been attributed to the value of the time charter.

Management fees, which represent a commission of 1.25% of gross freight earned by the dry bulk carriers, of $0.5 million were invoiced by Golden Ocean and paid by the Company during each of 2011and 2010. As of December 31, 2011, $0.3 million was payable to Golden Ocean. At December 31, 2010, $69,000 was due from Golden Ocean. On December 22, 2011 and December 29, 2010, 23,298 and 14,786 RSUs, respectively, were issued to Golden Ocean Management (Bermuda) Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean.

We periodically issue RSUs to our directors and management companies.  Please see Item 6B. "Directors, Senior Management and Employees – Compensation."
 
C.  INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Not applicable.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

A.  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

See Item 18.

Legal Proceedings

To the best of our knowledge, there are no legal or arbitration proceedings existing or pending which have had or may have significant effects on our financial position or profitability and no such proceedings are pending or known to be contemplated.

Dividend Policy
 
Our dividend policy is to declare quarterly dividends to shareholders, substantially equal to net cash flow in the reporting quarter less reserves that our Board may from time to time determine are necessary, such as reserves for drydocking and other possible cash needs. We intend to finance our future vessel acquisitions not from our cash flow from operations, but from external sources, such as by undertaking equity offerings, incurring additional indebtedness in line with our current low-leverage capital structure and utilizing the proceeds from the sale of our vessels.
 
There is no guarantee that our shareholders will receive quarterly dividends from us. Our dividend policy may be changed at any time at the sole discretion of our Board, who will take into account, among other things, our contingent liabilities, financial condition and future prospects, the terms of our credit facilities, and the requirements of Bermuda law in determining the timing and amount of dividends, if any, that we may pay.

In 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company paid the following distributions to shareholders.

Record Date
Payment Date
  Amount per share
2011
   
 
February 17, 2011
March 3, 2011
 
       $    0.50
May 25, 2011
June 9, 2011
 
       $    0.50
August 31, 2011
September 14, 2011
 
       $    0.50
November 18, 2011
December 2, 2011
 
       $    0.50
       
2010
 
 
 
February 19, 2010
March 4, 2010
 
$    0.30
May 21, 2010
June 7, 2010
 
$    0.40
August 24, 2010
September 7, 2010
 
$    0.50
November 19, 2010
December 6, 2010
 
$    0.50
 
 
 
 
2009
 
 
 
February 18, 2009
March 2, 2009
 
$    0.25
 
 
44

 
 
On February 7, 2012, the Board declared a cash dividend of $0.50 per share for the fourth quarter of 2011 that was paid on March 8, 2012.

B.  SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
 
None.
 
ITEM 9.  THE OFFER AND LISTING

The following table sets forth, for the five most recent fiscal years during which the Company's Common Shares were traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the annual high and low prices for the Common Shares as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
High
 
 
Low
2011
 
$
25.80
 
$
13.50
2010
 
$
24.49
 
$
13.36
2009
 
$
17.16
 
$
11.00
2008
 
$
35.00
 
$
10.01
2007
 
$
34.00
 
$
23.01

The following table sets forth, for the two most recent fiscal years, the high and low prices for the Common Shares as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2011
 
High
 
 
Low
First quarter
 
$
25.80
 
 
$
22.41
Second quarter
 
$
25.24
 
 
$
18.76
Third quarter
 
$
22.70
 
 
$
16.00
Fourth quarter
 
$
18.10
 
 
$
13.50
 
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2010
 
High
 
 
Low
First quarter
 
$
17.45
 
 
$
13.36
Second quarter
 
$
19.86
 
 
$
15.34
Third quarter
 
$
22.18
 
 
$
16.82
Fourth quarter
 
$
24.49
 
 
$
18.35

The following table sets forth, for the most recent six months, the high and low prices for the Common Shares as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

Month
 
High
 
 
Low
April 2012 (through April 26, 2012)
 
$
14.40
   
$
11.70
March 2012
 
$
15.21
 
 
$
13.96
February 2012
 
$
15.81
 
 
$
14.41
January 2012
 
$
15.50
 
 
$
13.48
December 2011
 
$
15.95
 
 
$
13.50
November 2011
 
$
18.10
 
 
$
14.65
October 2011    $  17.99     $  15.05

The Company's shares of common stock have been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "VLCCF" since its initial public offering in February 1997.
 
ITEM 10.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

A.  SHARE CAPITAL

Not applicable.
 
 
45

 
 
B.  MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

Incorporated by reference to "Description of Capital Stock" in the prospectus contained in the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-3, as amended and supplemented, which was initially filed on June 24, 2011 (File No. 333-175125).

At the 2005 Annual General Meeting of the Company the shareholders voted to amend the Company's bye-laws 83 and 85 by removing the restrictions that limited the Company's business activities.  The changes to the bye-laws removed restrictions on the Company's activities such as rechartering the VLCCs, refinancing or replacing the credit facility, acting in connection with the management agreement, offering Common Shares and listing them, enforcing its rights in connection with the Charters, the Credit Facility, the UK Finance Leases, the management agreement and other agreements into which the Company and its subsidiaries entered at the time of its initial public offering, and leasing, selling or otherwise disposing of a VLCC (or VLCC owning subsidiaries) on termination of the Charters or subsequent charters. The amended bye-laws of the Company as adopted on June 27, 2005, have been filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, filed with Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2006, and are hereby incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.

On September 23, 2011, at the Company's 2011 Annual General Meeting, the shareholders approved an increase of the Company's authorized common shares, par value $0.01, from 35,000,000 to 50,000,000. The Company currently has issued and outstanding 24,425,699 common shares.

C.  MATERIAL CONTRACTS

None.

D.  EXCHANGE CONTROLS

The Bermuda Monetary Authority, or the BMA, must give permission for all issuances and transfers of securities of a Bermuda exempted company like ours. We have received general permission from the BMA to issue any unissued common shares and for the free transferability of our common shares as long as our common shares are listed on an "appointed stock exchange". Our common shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, which is an "appointed stock exchange". Our common shares may therefore be freely transferred among persons who are residents and non-residents of Bermuda.

Although we are incorporated in Bermuda, we are classified as a non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control purposes by the BMA. Other than transferring Bermuda Dollars out of Bermuda, there are no restrictions on our ability to transfer funds into and out of Bermuda or to pay dividends to U.S. residents who are holders of common shares or other nonresidents of Bermuda who are holders of our common shares in currency other than Bermuda Dollars.

In accordance with Bermuda law, share certificates may be issued only in the names of corporations, individuals or legal persons. In the case of an applicant acting in a special capacity (for example, as an executor or trustee), certificates may, at the request of the applicant, record the capacity in which the applicant is acting. Notwithstanding the recording of any such special capacity, we are not bound to investigate or incur any responsibility in respect of the proper administration of any such estate or trust.

We will take no notice of any trust applicable to any of our shares or other securities whether or not we had notice of such trust.

As an "exempted company", we are exempt from Bermuda laws which restrict the percentage of share capital that may be held by non-Bermudians, but as an exempted company, we may not participate in certain business transactions including: (i) the acquisition or holding of land in Bermuda (except that required for its business and held by way of lease or tenancy for terms of not more than 21 years) without the express authorization of the Bermuda legislature; (ii) the taking of mortgages on land in Bermuda to secure an amount in excess of $50,000 without the consent of the Minister of Business Development and Tourism of Bermuda; (iii) the acquisition of any bonds or debentures secured on any land in Bermuda except bonds or debentures issued by the Government of Bermuda or by a public authority in Bermuda; or (iv) the carrying on of business of any kind in Bermuda, except in so far as may be necessary for the carrying on of its business outside Bermuda or under a license granted by the Minister of Business Development and Tourism of Bermuda.

The Bermuda government actively encourages foreign investment in "exempted" entities like us that are based in Bermuda but do not operate in competition with local business. In addition to having no restrictions on the degree of foreign ownership, we are subject neither to taxes on our income or dividends nor to any exchange controls in Bermuda. In addition, there is no capital gains tax in Bermuda, and profits can be accumulated by us, as required, without limitation. There is no income tax treaty between the United States and Bermuda pertaining to the taxation of income other than applicable to insurance enterprises.

 
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 E.  TAXATION
 
The following discussion summarizes the material United States federal income tax and Bermuda tax consequences to United States Holders and Non-United States Holders, in each case as defined below, of the purchase, ownership and disposition of common shares. This summary does not purport to deal with all aspects of United States federal income taxation and Bermuda taxation and that may be relevant to an investor's decision to purchase common shares, nor any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, locality or other foreign jurisdiction. This summary is not intended to be applicable to all categories of investors, such as dealers in securities, banks, thrifts or other financial institutions, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, tax-exempt organizations, United States expatriates, persons that hold common shares as part of a straddle, conversion transaction or hedge, persons who own 10% or more of our outstanding stock, persons deemed to sell common shares under the constructive sale provisions of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, a United States Holder whose "functional currency" is other than the United States dollar, or holders subject to the alternative minimum tax, each of which may be subject to special rules. In addition, this discussion is limited to persons who hold common shares as "capital assets" (generally, property held for investment) within the meaning of Code Section 1221.
 
If an entity treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes holds common shares, the United States federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. Partnerships holding common shares and partners in such partnerships are encouraged to consult their own tax advisors.
 
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
 
In the opinion of Seward & Kissel LLP, our United States counsel, the following are the material United States federal income tax consequences to us of our activities and to United States Holders and Non-United States Holders of our common shares. The following discussion of U.S. federal income tax matters is based on the Code, judicial decisions, administrative pronouncements, and existing and proposed regulations issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Except as otherwise noted, this discussion is based on the assumption that we will not maintain an office or other fixed place of business within the United States.
 
Taxation of the Company's Shipping Income: In General
 
The Company anticipates that it will derive substantially all of its gross income from the use and operation of vessels in international commerce and that this income will principally consist of freights from the transportation of cargoes, charter hire or lease from time or voyage charters and the performance of services directly related thereto, which the Company refers to as "shipping income".
 
Shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States will be considered to be 50% derived from sources within the United States. Shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the United States will be considered to be 100% derived from sources within the United States. The Company is not permitted by law to engage in transportation that gives rise to 100% United States source income.
 
Shipping income attributable to transportation exclusively between non-United States ports will be considered to be 100% derived from sources outside the United States. Shipping income derived from sources outside the United States will not be subject to United States federal income tax.
 
Based upon the Company's current and anticipated shipping operations, the Company's vessels will operate in various parts of the world, including to or from United States ports. Unless exempt from United States federal income taxation under Section 883 of the Code, or Section 883, the Company will be subject to United States federal income taxation, in the manner discussed below, to the extent its shipping income is considered derived from sources within the United States.
 
Application of Section 883
 
Under the relevant provisions of Section 883, the Company will be exempt from United States federal income taxation on its United States source shipping income if:
 
 
i.
It is organized in a "qualified foreign country", which is one that grants an equivalent exemption from taxation to corporations organized in the United States in respect of the shipping income for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, and which the Company refers to as the "country of organization requirement"; and
 
 
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ii.
It can satisfy any one of the following two stock ownership requirements for more than half the days during the taxable year:
 
 
the Company's stock is "primarily and regularly" traded on an established securities market located in the United States or a qualified foreign country, which the Company refers to as the "Publicly-Traded Test"; or
 
 
 
more than 50% of the Company's stock, in terms of value, is beneficially owned by any combination of one or more individuals who are residents of a qualified foreign country or foreign corporations that satisfy the country of organization requirement and the Publicly-Traded Test, which the Company refers to as the "50 percent Ownership Test".
 
The United States Treasury Department has recognized Bermuda, the country of incorporation of the Company, as a qualified foreign country. In addition, the United States Treasury Department has recognized Liberia, the country of incorporation of certain of the Company's vessel-owning subsidiaries, as a qualified foreign country. Accordingly, the Company and its vessel owning subsidiaries satisfy the country of organization requirement.
 
Therefore, the Company's eligibility for exemption under Section 883 is wholly dependent upon being able to satisfy one of the stock ownership requirements.
 
For the 2011 taxable year, the Company satisfied the Publicly-Traded Test since, on more than half the days of the taxable year, the Company's common shares were primarily and regularly traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.
 
Taxation in Absence of Section 883 Exemption
 
To the extent the benefits of Section 883 are unavailable with respect to any item of United States source income, the Company's United States source shipping income, would be subject to a 4% tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without the benefit of deductions, which the Company refers to as the "4% gross basis tax regime". Since under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of the Company's shipping income would be treated as being derived from United States sources, the maximum effective rate of United States federal income tax on the Company's shipping income would never exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.
 
Gain on Sale of Vessels
 
Regardless of whether the Company qualifies for exemption under Section 883, the Company will not be subject to United States federal income taxation with respect to gain realized on a sale of a vessel, provided the sale is considered to occur outside of the United States under United States federal income tax principles. In general, a sale of a vessel will be considered to occur outside of the United States for this purpose if title to the vessel, and risk of loss with respect to the vessel, pass to the buyer outside of the United States. It is expected that any sale of a vessel by the Company will be considered to occur outside of the United States.
 
Taxation of United States Holders
 
The following is a discussion of the material United States federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment decision by a United States Holder with respect to the common shares. This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning common shares to all categories of investors, some of which, such as dealers in securities, tax-exempt organizations, investors whose functional currency is not the United States dollar and investors that own, actually or under applicable constructive ownership rules, 10% or more of the Company's common shares may be subject to special rules. You are encouraged to consult your own tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under United States federal, state, local or foreign law of the ownership of common shares.
 
As used herein, the term "United States Holder" means a beneficial owner of common shares that (i) is a United States citizen or resident, a United States corporation or other United States entity taxable as a corporation, an estate, the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary jurisdiction over the administration of the trust and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust and (ii) owns common shares as a capital asset, generally, for investment purposes.
 
If a partnership holds common shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding common shares, you are encouraged to consult your own tax advisor regarding the United States federal income tax consequences of owning an interest in a partnership that holds common shares.
 
 
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Distributions
 
Subject to the discussion of passive foreign investment companies below, any distributions made by the Company with respect to common shares to a United States Holder will generally constitute dividends, which may be taxable as ordinary income or "qualified dividend income" as described in more detail below, to the extent of the Company's current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of the Company's earnings and profits will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the United States Holder's tax basis in its common shares on a dollar-for-dollar basis and thereafter as capital gain. Because the Company is not a United States corporation, United States Holders that are corporations will not be entitled to claim a dividends-received deduction with respect to any distributions they receive from the Company.
 
Dividends paid on common shares to a United States Holder which is an individual, trust or estate (a "United States Non-Corporate Holder") will generally be treated as "qualified dividend income" that is taxable to such shareholder at preferential United States federal income tax rates (currently through 2012) provided that (1) common shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States (such as the NASDAQ Global Select Market on which the common shares are listed); (2) the Company is not a passive foreign investment company for the taxable year during which the dividend is paid or the immediately preceding taxable year (which the Company does not believe it is, has been since the beginning of its 2004 taxable year, or will be); and (3) the United States Non-Corporate Holder has owned common shares for more than 60 days in the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the date on which the common shares become ex-dividend.
 
Legislation has been previously introduced in the United States Congress which, if enacted in its present form, would preclude the dividends paid by the Company from qualifying for such preferential rates prospectively from the date of the enactment. Any dividends paid by the Company which are not eligible for these preferential rates will be taxed as ordinary income to a United States Holder.
 
Sale, Exchange or other Disposition of Our Common Shares
 
Assuming the Company does not constitute a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year, a United States Holder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of the Company's common shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized by the United States Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the United States Holder's tax basis in the common shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the United States Holder's holding period in the common shares is greater than one year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition. A United States Holder's ability to deduct capital losses is subject to certain limitations.
 
Passive Foreign Investment Company Status and Significant Tax Consequences
 
Special United States federal income tax rules apply to a United States Holder that holds stock in a foreign corporation classified as a passive foreign investment company, or a PFIC, for United States federal income tax purposes. In general, the Company will be treated as a PFIC with respect to a United States Holder if, for any taxable year in which such holder held the Company's common shares, either;
 
 
at least 75% of the Company's gross income for such taxable year consists of passive income (e.g., dividends, interest, capital gains and rents derived other than in the active conduct of a rental business); or
 
 
at least 50% of the average value of the assets held by the Company during such taxable year produce, or are held for the production of, passive income.
 
For purposes of determining whether the Company is a PFIC, the Company will be treated as earning and owning its proportionate share of the income and assets, respectively, of any of its subsidiary corporations in which it owns at least 25% of the value of the subsidiary's stock. Income earned, or deemed earned, by the Company in connection with the performance of services would not constitute passive income. By contrast, rental income would generally constitute "passive income" unless the Company is treated under specific rules as deriving its rental income in the active conduct of a trade or business.
 
The Company was a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes through its 2003 taxable year. The Company has not been a PFIC beginning with its 2004 taxable year. United States Holders who held the Company's common shares prior to the 2004 taxable year are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the proper tax treatment of any dispositions of common shares and any distributions by the Company.
 
 
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Based on the Company's current operations and future projections, the Company does not believe that it is or that it was since the beginning of its 2004 taxable year, nor does it expect to become, a PFIC with respect to any taxable year. Although there is no legal authority directly on this point, the Company's belief is based principally on the position that, for purposes of determining whether the Company is a PFIC, the gross income the Company derives or is deemed to derive from the time chartering, bareboat chartering and voyage chartering activities should constitute services income, rather than rental income. Correspondingly, the Company believes that such income does not constitute passive income, and the assets that the Company or its wholly-owned subsidiaries own and operate in connection with the production of such income, in particular, the vessels, do not constitute assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income for purposes of determining whether the Company is a PFIC.
 
Although there is no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules, the Company believes there is substantial legal authority supporting its position consisting of case law and United States Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters, bareboat charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes. However, there is also authority which characterizes time charter income as rental income rather than services income for other tax purposes. Accordingly, in the absence of any legal authority specifically relating to the Code provisions governing PFICs, the IRS or a court could disagree with our position. In addition, although the Company intends to conduct its affairs in such a manner as to avoid being classified as a PFIC with respect to any taxable year, there can be no assurance that the nature of its operations will not change in the future.
 
As discussed more fully below, if the Company were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a United States Holder would be subject to different taxation rules depending on whether the United States Holder makes an election to treat the Company as a "Qualified Electing Fund", which the Company refers to as a "QEF election". As an alternative to making a QEF election, a United States Holder should be able to elect to mark-to-market the Company's common shares, which the Company refers to as a "Mark-to-Market election" as discussed below.
 
Taxation of United States Holders Making a Timely QEF Election
 
If a United States Holder makes a timely QEF election, which United States Holder is referred to by the Company as an "Electing United States Holder", the Electing United States Holder must report each year for United States federal income tax purposes its pro rata share of the Company's ordinary earnings and its net capital gain, if any, for the Company's taxable year that ends with or within the taxable year of the Electing United States Holder, regardless of whether or not distributions were received from the Company by the Electing United States Holder. The Electing United States Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed earnings and profits. Distributions of earnings and profits that had been previously taxed will result in a corresponding reduction in the adjusted tax basis in the common shares and will not be taxed again once distributed. An Electing United States Holder would generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares. A United States Holder will be eligible to make a QEF election with respect to its common shares only if the Company provides the United States Holder with annual tax information relating to the Company. There can be no assurance that the Company will provide such tax information on an annual basis.
 
Taxation of United States Holders Making a "Mark-to-Market" Election
 
Alternatively, if the Company were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year and, as anticipated, the common shares are treated as "marketable stock", a United States Holder would be allowed to make a Mark-to-Market election with respect to the Company's common shares. If that election is made, the United States Holder generally would include as ordinary income in each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common shares at the end of the taxable year over such holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares. The United States Holder would also be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the United States Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares over its fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the Mark-to-Market election. A United States Holder's tax basis in its common shares would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amount. Gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares would be treated as ordinary loss to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included by the United States Holder.
 
Taxation of United States Holders Not Making a Timely QEF or Mark-to-Market Election
 
Finally, if the Company were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a United States Holder who does not make either a QEF election or a Mark-to-Market election for that year, who is referred to as a "Non-Electing United States Holder", would be subject to special rules with respect to (1) any excess distribution (i.e., the portion of any distributions received by the Non-Electing United States Holder on the common shares in a taxable year in excess of 125% of the average annual distributions received by the Non-Electing United States Holder in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the Non-Electing United States Holder's holding period for the common shares), and (2) any gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares. Under these special rules:
 
 
the excess distribution or gain would be allocated ratably over the Non-Electing United States Holders' aggregate holding period for the common shares;
 
 
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the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable years before the Company became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income; and
 
 
the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to tax at the highest rate of tax in effect for the applicable class of tax payer for that year, and an interest charge for the deemed tax deferral benefit would be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year.
 
These penalties would not apply to a pension or profit sharing trust or other tax-exempt organization that did not borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage in connection with its acquisition of the common shares. If a Non-Electing United States Holder who is an individual dies while owning the common shares, the successor of such deceased Non-Electing United States Holder generally would not receive a step-up in tax basis with respect to such stock.
 
United States Federal Income Taxation of "Non-United States Holders"
 
A beneficial owner of common shares (other than a partnership) that is not a United States Holder is referred to herein as a Non-United States Holder.
 
If a partnership holds the common shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding the common shares, you are encouraged to consult your tax advisor.
 
Dividends on Common Shares
 
A Non-United States Holder generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax or withholding tax on dividends received from the Company with respect to its common shares, unless that income is effectively connected with the Non-United States Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States. If the Non-United States Holder is entitled to the benefits of a United States income tax treaty with respect to those dividends, that income is taxable only if it is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-United States Holder in the United States.
 
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Shares
 
A Non-United States Holder generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax or withholding tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of the Company's common shares, unless:
 
 
the gain is effectively connected with the Non-United States Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if the Non-United States Holder is entitled to the benefits of an income tax treaty with respect to that gain, that gain is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-United States Holder in the United States); or
 
 
the Non-United States Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of disposition and other conditions are met.
 
If the Non-United States Holder is engaged in a United States trade or business for United States federal income tax purposes, the income from the common shares, including dividends and the gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of the shares, that is effectively connected with the conduct of that trade or business will generally be subject to regular United States federal income tax in the same manner as discussed in the previous section relating to the taxation of United States Holders. In addition, if you are a corporate Non-United States Holder, your earnings and profits that are attributable to the effectively connected income, which are subject to certain adjustments, may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, or at a lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
 
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
 
In general, dividend payments, or other taxable distributions, made within the United States to a holder of common shares will be subject to information reporting requirements. Such payments will also be subject to "backup withholding" if paid to a non-corporate United States Holder who:
 
 
fails to provide an accurate tax payer identification number;
 
 
is notified by the IRS that he has failed to report all interest or dividends required to be shown on his United States federal income tax returns; or
 
 
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in certain circumstances, fails to comply with applicable certification requirements.
 
If a holder sells his common shares to or through a United States office of a broker, the payment of the proceeds is subject to both United States information reporting and backup withholding unless the holder establishes an exemption. If a holder sells his common shares through a non-United States office of a non-United States broker and the sales proceeds are paid to the holder outside the United States, then information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to that payment. However, United States information reporting requirements, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales proceeds, including a payment made to a holder outside the United States, if the holder sells his common shares through a non-United States office of a broker that is a United States person or has some other contacts with the United States.
 
Non-United States Holders may be required to establish their exemption from information reporting and backup withholding by certifying their status on IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8ECI or W-8IMY, as applicable.
 
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, a tax payer generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under backup withholding rules that exceed the tax payer's income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the IRS.
 
Pursuant to recently enacted legislation, individuals who are United States Holders (and to the extent specified in applicable Treasury regulations, certain United States entities and Non-United States Holders) who hold "specified foreign financial assets" (as defined in Section 6038D of the Code) are required to file IRS Form 8938 with information relating to the asset for each taxable year in which the aggregate value of all such assets exceeds $75,000 at any time during the taxable year or $50,000 on the last day of the taxable year (or such higher dollar amount as prescribed by applicable Treasury regulations). Specified foreign financial assets would include, among other assets, our common shares, unless the common shares held through an account maintained with a United States financial institution. Substantial penalties apply to any failure to timely file IRS Form 8938, unless the failure is shown to be due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect. Additionally, in the event an individual United States Holder (and to the extent specified in applicable Treasury regulations, a United States entity or Non-United States Holder) that is required to file IRS Form 8938 does not file such form, the statute of limitations on the assessment and collection of United States federal income taxes of such holder for the related tax year may not close until three years after the date that the required information is filed. United States Holders (including United States entities) and Non-United States Holders are encouraged consult their own tax advisors regarding their reporting obligations under this legislation.
 
Bermuda Taxation
 
As of the date of this annual report, we are not subject to taxation under the laws of Bermuda and distributions to us by our subsidiaries also are not subject to any Bermuda tax. As of the date of this document, there is no Bermuda income, corporation or profits tax, withholding tax, capital gains tax, capital transfer tax, estate duty or inheritance tax payable by non-residents of Bermuda in respect of capital gains realized on a disposition of our common shares or in respect of distributions by us with respect to our common shares. This does not, however, apply to the taxation of persons ordinarily resident in Bermuda. Bermuda holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding possible Bermuda taxes with respect to dispositions of, and distributions on, our common shares.
 
The Minister of Finance in Bermuda has granted the Company a tax exempt status until March 31, 2035, under which no income taxes or other taxes (other than duty on goods imported into Bermuda and payroll tax in respect of any Bermuda-resident employees) are payable by the Company in Bermuda. If the Minister of Finance in Bermuda does not grant a new exemption or extend the current tax exemption, and if the Bermudian Parliament passes legislation imposing taxes on exempted companies, the Company may become subject to taxation in Bermuda after March 31, 2035.
 
Currently, there are no withholding taxes payable in Bermuda on dividends distributed by the Company to its shareholders.
 
Liberian Taxation
 
Under the Consolidated Tax Amendments Act of 2010, our Liberian subsidiaries should be considered non-resident Liberian corporations which are wholly exempted from Liberian taxation effective as of 1977.
 
F.  DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS

Not applicable.
 
 
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G.  STATEMENT BY EXPERTS

Not applicable.

H.  DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In accordance with these requirements, we file reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These materials, including this annual report and the accompanying exhibits, may be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580 Washington, D.C. 20549.  You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference room by calling 1 (800) SEC-0330, and you may obtain copies at prescribed rates from the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at its principal office in Washington, D.C. 20549.  The Commission maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov.) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission. In addition, documents referred to in this annual report may be inspected at our principal executive offices at Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, Bermuda HM 08.
 
I.  SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION

Not applicable.
 
ITEM 11.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates primarily resulting from the floating rate of the Company's borrowings.  The Company does not currently utilize interest rate swaps to manage such interest rate risk.  The Company has not entered into any financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.

The Company's borrowings as of December 31, 2011 of $153.7 million, compared to $157.3 million as of December 31, 2010, bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin. A 1% change in interest rates would increase or decrease interest expense by $1.5 million per year as of December 31, 2011. The fair value of the loan facility at December 31, 2011 was equal to the carrying amount of the facility at the same date.

Although the Company's activities are conducted worldwide, the international shipping industry's functional currency is the United States Dollar and virtually all of the Company's operating revenues and most of its anticipated cash expenses are expected to be denominated in United States Dollars. Accordingly, the Company's operating revenues are not expected to be adversely affected by movements in currency exchange rates or the imposition of currency controls in the jurisdictions in which the vessels operate.

ITEM 12.    DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

Not applicable.


 
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PART II

ITEM 13.    DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

None.

ITEM 14.    MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 15.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

a)   Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this annual report as of December 31, 2011. Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the evaluation date.
 
b)   Management's annual report on internal controls over financial reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company's principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company's Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
 
 
Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
 
 
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Company's management and directors; and
 
 
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree or compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
Management conducted the evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting using the control criteria framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) published in its report entitled Internal Control-Integrated Framework.
 
Our management with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2011. Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company's internal controls over financial reporting are effective as of December 31, 2011.
 
The effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers AS, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.
 
 
54

 
 
c)   Attestation report of the registered public accounting firm
 
The independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements, PricewaterhouseCoopers AS, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, appearing under Item 18, and such report is incorporated herein by reference.
 
d)   Changes in internal control over financial reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this annual report that have materially effected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
 
ITEM 16.      [Reserved]

ITEM 16A.    AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
 
The Board has determined that the Company's audit committee has one audit committee financial expert. Mr. David White is an independent director and is the audit committee financial expert.

ITEM 16B.    CODE OF ETHICS

The Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to all entities controlled by the Company and all employees, directors, officers and agents of the Company, including representatives and agents of the Company's General Manager. The Company has posted a copy of its code of ethics on its website at www.knightsbridgetankers.com. The Company will provide any person, free of charge, a copy of its code of ethics upon written request to the Company's registered office.

ITEM 16C.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Our principal accountant for 2011 and 2010 was PricewaterhouseCoopers AS. The following table sets forth for the two most recent fiscal years the fees paid or accrued for audit and services provided by PricewaterhouseCoopers AS.

(in $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Fees (a)
 
 
400,827
 
 
 
240,000
 
Audit-Related Fees (b)
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Tax Fees (c)
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
All Other Fees (d)
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Total
 
 
400,827
 
 
 
240,000
 

(a)           Audit Fees
Audit fees represent professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements and services provided by the principal accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.

(b)           Audit–Related Fees
Audit-related fees consisted of assurance and related services rendered by the principal accountant related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements which have not been reported under Audit Fees above.

(c)           Tax Fees
Tax fees represent fees for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning.

(d)           All Other Fees
All other fees include services other than audit fees, audit-related fees and tax fees set forth above.

Our Board has adopted pre-approval policies and procedures in compliance with paragraph (c)(7)(i) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X that require the Board to approve the appointment of the independent auditor of the Company before such auditor is engaged and approve each of the audit and non-audit related services to be provided by such auditor under such engagement by the Company. All services provided by the principal auditor in 2011 were approved by the Board pursuant to the pre-approval policy.
 
 
55

 

 
ITEM 16D.    EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

Not applicable.

ITEM 16E.    PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

None.

ITEM 16F.    CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

The disclosure called for by this Item 16F was previously reported in our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2010, filed with the Commission on March 18, 2011.

ITEM 16G.    CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Pursuant to the NASDAQ listing standards available to foreign private issuers, we are not required to comply with all of the corporate governance practices followed by U.S. companies under the NASDAQ listing standards.  The significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NASDAQ standards applicable to listed U.S. companies are set forth below.
 
Executive Sessions. NASDAQ requires that non-management directors meet regularly in executive sessions without management.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, our non-management directors do not regularly hold executive sessions without management and we do not expect them to do so in the future.
 
Audit Committee.  NASDAQ requires, among other things, that a listed U.S company have an audit committee with a minimum of three independent members.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, our audit committee consists of two members which currently meets the NASDAQ independence requirements.
 
Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed solely of independent directors.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, we do not currently have a nominating or corporate governance committee.  Our Board is responsible for identifying and recommending potential candidates to become board members and recommending directors for appointment to board committees.
 
Compensation Committee.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company have a compensation committee composed solely of independent directors.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, compensation of executive officers is not required to be determined by a committee composed of independent members.
 
Related Party Transactions.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company conduct appropriate review and oversight of all related party transactions for potential conflict of interest situations on an ongoing basis by the company's audit committee or another independent body of the board of directors.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, our directors are not prohibited from being a party to, or otherwise interested in, any transaction or arrangement with us or in which we are otherwise interested, provided that the director makes proper disclosure of same as required by our byelaws and Bermuda law.
 
Proxy Materials.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company solicit proxies and provide proxy statements for all shareholder meetings. Such company must also provide copies of its proxy solicitation to NASDAQ.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, we do not currently solicit proxies or provide proxy materials to NASDAQ.  Our byelaws also require that we notify our shareholders of meetings no less than 5 days before the meeting.

ITEM 16H    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.
 
 
56

 
 
PART III

ITEM 17.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 18.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following financial statements listed below and set forth on pages F-1 through F-16 are filed as part of this annual report:

Consolidated Financial Statements of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
 
F-1
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – PricewaterhouseCoopers AS
 
F-2
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – MSPC
 
F-3
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
F-4
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010
 
F-5
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
F-6
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
F-7
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
F-8
 
 
 

ITEM 19.  EXHIBITS

Number
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
 
1.1
 
Memorandum of Association of the Company (1)
 
 
 
1.2
 
Amended Bye-Laws of the Company (2)
 
 
 
4.1
 
2010 Equity Incentive Plan (3)
 
 
 
4.2
 
Share Sale and Purchase Agreement between Golden Ocean Group Limited and the Company regarding the shares in Golden Future Inc. (4)
 
 
 
4.3
 
Share Sale and Purchase Agreement between Golden Ocean Group Limited and the Company regarding the shares in Golden Zhejiang Inc. (4)
 
 
 
4.4
 
Amended and Restated General Management Agreement entered into between the Company and ICB Shipping (Bermuda) Limited (4)
 
 
 
4.5
 
Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement entered into between the Company and Golden Ocean Management Limited (4)
 
 
 
4.6
 
Supplemental Agreement to Dry bulk Commercial Management Agreement (Golden Zhejiang joins as party) (4)
 
 
 
8.1
 
Significant Subsidiaries
 
 
57

 
 
 
 
 
12.1
 
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
 
 
 
12.2
 
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
 
13.1
 
Principal Executive Officer Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
13.2
 
Principal Financial Officer Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
15.1
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (MSPC)
 
 
 
15.2
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PricewaterhouseCoopers AS)
     
101
 
The following materials from Knightsbridge Tankers Limited's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Statements of Operations and Retained Earnings for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009; (ii) Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010; (iii) Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009; and (iv) Notes to Financial Statements.
 
 
 
(1)
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 in the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, filed December 13, 1996.
 
 
 
(2)
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.2 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
 
 
 
(3)
 
(4)
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 2 of the Company's Report on Form 6-K filed September 27, 2010
 
Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2010, filed on March 18, 2011.
 
 
 
58

 

 
SIGNATURES

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

KNIGHTSBRIDGE TANKERS LIMITED
 


/s/ Inger M. Klemp
Inger M. Klemp
Chief Financial Officer
Dated:  April 27, 2012

 
 

 
 
Consolidated Financial Statements of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – PricewaterhouseCoopers AS
 
F-2
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – MSPC
 
F-3
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
F-4
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010
 
F-5
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
F-6
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
F-7
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
F-8
 
 
 
F-1

 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited.


In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of cash flows and changes in equity present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period  ended December 31, 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Annual Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting appearing under item 15(b) of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited's Annual Report on Form 20-F. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.


/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers AS

 
PricewaterhouseCoopers AS
Oslo
April 27, 2012
 
 
 
F-2

 
 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2009, of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and subsidiaries (the "Company").  These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and subsidiaries and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.


/s/ MSPC

MSPC
Certified Public Accountants and Advisors
A Professional Corporation
New York, New York
March 17, 2010
 
 
F-3

 
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
(in thousands of $, except per share data)


   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
Operating revenues
                 
Time charter revenues
    71,570       74,232       54,892  
Voyage charter revenues
    11,324       15,268       12,447  
Bareboat charter revenues
    11,623       6,397       -  
Total operating revenues
    94,517       95,897       67,339  
Operating expenses
                       
Voyage expenses and commission
    11,215       10,467       8,588  
Ship operating expenses
    18,801       19,678       18,829  
Administrative expenses
    3,528       3,018       1,823  
Depreciation
    22,759       19,567       14,343  
Total operating expenses
    56,303       52,730       43,583  
Net operating income
    38,214       43,167       23,756  
Other income (expenses)
                       
Interest income
    52       54       123  
Interest expense
    (4,957 )     (3,940 )     (1,895 )
Other financial items
    (657 )     (724 )     (304 )
Net other expenses
    (5,562 )     (4,610 )     (2,076 )
Net income
    32,652       38,557       21,680  
Per share information:
                       
Earnings per share: basic
    $1.34       $2.02       $1.27  
Earnings per share: diluted
    $1.33       $2.02       $1.27  
Cash dividends per share declared
    $2.00       $1.70       $0.25  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


 
F-4

 
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010
(in thousands of $)

   
2011
   
2010
 
ASSETS
           
Current assets
           
Cash and cash equivalents
    46,848       56,771  
Restricted cash
    15,000       15,000  
Trade accounts receivable, net
    7,721       2,008  
Related party receivables
    -       69  
Other receivables
    3,674       1,189  
Inventories
    3,791       1,492  
Voyage in progress
    931       -  
Prepaid expenses and accrued income
    3,413       1,399  
Total current assets
    81,378       77,928  
       Vessels, net
    436,273       459,032  
       Deferred charges
    2,110       2,629  
       Other long term assets
    1,458       2,364  
Total assets
    521,219       541,953  
 
               
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
               
Current liabilities
               
Current portion of long-term debt
    3,600       3,600  
Related party payables
    319       -  
Trade accounts payable
    2,056       3,867  
Accrued expenses
    4,514       3,514  
Other current liabilities
    658       1,331  
Total current liabilities
    11,147       12,312  
Long-term liabilities
               
Long-term debt
    150,140       153,740  
Total liabilities
    161,287       166,052  
Commitments and contingencies
               
Equity
               
Share capital (24,425,699 shares outstanding, par value $0.01)
    244       244  
Additional paid in capital
    131,256       131,026  
Contributed capital surplus
    179,019       179,019  
Retained earnings
    49,413       65,612  
Total equity
    359,932       375,901  
Total liabilities and equity
    521,219       541,953  


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
 
F-5

 
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
(in thousands of $)
 
                   
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
                   
Net income
    32,652       38,557       21,680  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Depreciation
    22,759       19,567       14,344  
Amortization of deferred charges
    599       652       188  
Amortization of time charter contract value
    845       152       -  
Restricted stock unit expense
    230       -       -  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Trade accounts receivable, net
    (5,713 )     2,428       (1,692 )
Related party balances
    388       (69 )     -  
Other receivables
    (2,485 )     (527 )     (215 )
Inventories
    (2,299 )     1,675       (1,945 )
Voyages in progress
    (931 )     2,679       (2,679 )
Prepaid expenses and accrued income
    (1,955 )     (197 )     59  
Trade accounts payable
    (1,811 )     202       (1,761 )
Accrued expenses
    1,000       (2,522 )     4,741  
Other current liabilities
    (672 )     (126 )     1,842  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    42,607       62,471       34,562  
Investing activities
                       
Changes in restricted cash
    -       (5,000 )     -  
Additions to newbuildings
    -       (3,600 )     (116,475 )
Purchase of  vessels
    -       (94,000 )     -  
Net cash used in investing activities
    -       (102,600     (116,475 )
Financing activities
                       
Proceeds from long-term debt
    -       205,740       60,000  
Repayment of long-term debt
    (3,600 )     (168,880 )     (42,560 )
Debt fees paid
    (79 )     (2,061 )     (1,286 )
Net proceeds from share issuance
    -       87,602       -  
Dividends paid
    (48,851 )     (33,465 )     (4,275 )
Net (used in) provided by financing activities
    (52,530 )     88,936       11,879  
 Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (9,923 )     48,807       (70,034 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    56,771       7,964       77,998  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
    46,848       56,771       7,964  
 
                       
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
                       
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest
    4,287       3,598       1,364  

Significant Investing and Financing Activities

In July and October 2010, the Company purchased two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carriers, Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, from Golden Ocean. Golden Future was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 1,464,515 shares worth $25.0 million. Golden Zhejiang was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 973,684 shares worth $18.5 million.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-6

 
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended
December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
(in thousands of $, except number of shares)

   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING
                 
Balance at beginning of year
    24,425,699       17,100,000       17,100,000  
Shares issued
    -       7,325,699       -  
Balance at end of year
    24,425,699       24,425,699       17,100,100  
 
                       
SHARE CAPITAL
                       
Balance at beginning of year
    244       171       171  
Shares issued
    -       73       -  
Balance at end of year
    244       244       171  
 
                       
ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL
                       
Balance at beginning of year
    131,026       -       -  
Shares issued
    -       131,026       -  
Restricted stock unit expense
    230       -       -  
Balance at end of year
    131,256       131,026       -  
 
                       
CONTRIBUTED CAPITAL SURPLUS
                       
Balance at beginning and end of year
    179,019       179,019       179,019  
 
                       
RETAINED EARNINGS
                       
Balance at beginning of year
    65,612       60,520       43,115  
Net income
    32,652       38,557       21,680  
Dividends paid
    (48,851 )     (33,465 )     (4,275 )
Balance at end of year
    49,413       65,612       60,520  
Total Equity
    359,932       375,901       239,710  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-7

 
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1.    DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited (the "Company") was incorporated in Bermuda in September 1996 and was originally founded for the purpose of owning and operating an initial fleet of five very large crude carriers, or VLCCs. In December 2007, one of these vessels was sold and the Company subsequently expanded the scope of its activities and acquired two Capesize newbuilding dry bulk vessels in 2009 and two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk vessels in 2010. The Company's shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "VLCCF."

The Company's tankers and dry bulk carriers are managed by ICB Shipping (Bermuda) Limited, or the General Manager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Frontline Ltd., or Frontline, a Bermuda based shipping company whose shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, the Oslo Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange under the symbol "FRO," and by Golden Ocean Management (Bermuda) Ltd., or the Dry bulk Manager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean Group Limited, a Bermuda based dry bulk shipping company whose shares are listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange and the Singapore Stock Exchange under the symbol "GOGL." In addition, the General Manager provides us with general administrative and technical services.

The Company currently has four VLCCs and four Capesize vessels in the fleet. One VLCC was on a time charter that commenced in 2007 for an initial term of five years earning a rate of $37,750 per day plus a market-based profit sharing payment computed as 50% of the difference between the related spot market index rate and the base rate. In December 2011, the Company agreed with the charter, Frontline Ltd., to reduce the daily rate to $27,050, with effect from January 1, 2012 until April 22, 2012 at which time the vessel was redelivered. The Company is entitled to be compensated if actual earnings exceed the new rate up to and including the old rate. This vessel commenced trade in the spot market upon its redelivery. Two VLCCs are on bareboat charters at an estimated daily time charter equivalent rate of $32,000 per day less 2.5 percent commission. One is on a 2.5 year bareboat charter due to expire in August 2012 (charterer has the option to extend for a further 2.5 years) and the other is a five year bareboat charter. The remaining VLCC has been operating in the spot market following the expiry of its time charter in May 2011. The Company's two Capesize newbuilding dry bulk carriers commenced five year time charters upon their deliveries in August 2009 and October 2009 earning rates of $40,000 per day less 1.25% commission and $52,670 per day less 2.5% commission, respectively. The two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk vessels were purchased with existing time charters. One time charter expires in January 2013 and the rate is $31,500 per day less 6.25% commission. The other time charter expires in September 2014 and the rate is $29,900 per day less 6.25% commission. The charterer of this vessel, the Golden Zhejiang, has been granted a reduction in charter hire from $29,900 per day to $19,900 per day from July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012. The reduced hire will be repaid from July 1, 2012 until the end of the charter in September 2014. The Company has two one-year extension options.

2.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The consolidated financial statements include the assets and liabilities of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Effective July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its VLCC vessels from $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting increase in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of $1.0 million and an increase of $0.06 in earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2009.
 
 
F-8

 
 
Reporting currency
The functional currency of the Company and all of its subsidiaries is the United States dollar as all revenues are received in United States dollars and a majority of the Company's expenditures are made in United States dollars. The Company and its subsidiaries report in United States dollars.

Foreign currency
Transactions in foreign currencies during the year are translated into United States dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated using rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Foreign currency non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using historical rates of exchange. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations.

Revenue and expense recognition
Revenues and expenses are recognized on the accruals basis. Revenues are generated from freight billings, time charter and bareboat charter hires. Voyage revenues and expenses are recognized ratably over the estimated length of each voyage and, therefore, are allocated between reporting periods based on the relative transit time in each period. The impact of recognizing voyage expenses ratably over the length of each voyage is not materially different on a quarterly and annual basis from a method of recognizing such costs as incurred. Probable losses on voyages are provided for in full at the time such losses can be estimated. Time charter and bareboat charter revenues are recorded over the term of the charter as a service is provided. The Company uses a discharge-to-discharge basis in determining percentage of completion for all spot voyages and voyages servicing contracts of affreightment whereby it recognizes revenue ratably from when product is discharged (unloaded) at the end of one voyage to when it is discharged after the next voyage. However, the Company does not recognize revenue if a charter has not been contractually committed to by a customer and the Company, even if the vessel has discharged its cargo and is sailing to the anticipated load port on its next voyage.

Amounts receivable from profit sharing arrangements are accrued based on the time charter equivalent rates achieved through vessel deployment over the preceding quarter in the market for certain key routes and are not contingent on the performance of the Company. This amount is calculated and accounted for on a quarterly basis and is received on a quarterly basis. Each quarterly settlement is final and does not get carried forward to the next quarter. There is no consideration of future performance in the recording of profit sharing revenue.

Leases
The current charters for the Company's eight vessels are classified as operating leases by the Company.

Cash and cash equivalents
All demand and time deposits and highly liquid, low risk investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are considered equivalent to cash.

Restricted cash
Restricted cash consists of bank deposits maintained in accordance with our loan agreements with DnB and Nordea.

Trade accounts receivable
Trade and other receivables are presented net of allowances for doubtful balances. If amounts become uncollectible, they are charged against income when that determination is made.

Inventories
Inventories, which are comprised principally of fuel and lubricating oils, are stated at the lower of cost and market value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis.

Vessels and depreciation
Vessels are stated at cost less accumulated deprecation. Depreciation is calculated based on cost less estimated residual value, using the straight-line method, over the useful life of each vessel. The useful life of each vessel is deemed to be 25 years.

On July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its four VLCCs. The scrap rate was amended from an average of $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting change in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009.
 
 
F-9

 
 
Deferred charges
Loan costs, including debt arrangement fees, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant loan. The straight line basis of amortization approximates the effective interest method in the Company's consolidated statement of operations. Amortization of loan costs is included in interest expense.  If a loan is repaid early, any unamortized portion of the related deferred charges is charged against income in the period in which the loan is repaid.

Earnings per share
Earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period presented. Diluted earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of shares outstanding is adjusted to include the restricted stock units based on the treasury stock method.

Vessel impairment
The Company's vessels are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a vessel may not be recoverable. This assessment is made at the individual vessel level as separately identifiable cash flow information for each vessel is available. The company assesses recoverability of the carrying value of the vessel by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the vessel, including eventual disposal. The carrying value of a time charter contract that was acquired with one of the vessels is included in the assessment. If the future net undiscounted cash flows are less then the carrying value of the vessel, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between carrying value and fair value.

Fair value is typically established using an average of three independent valuations. In addition, vessels to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell.

Distributions to shareholders
Distributions to shareholders are applied first to retained earnings. When retained earnings are not sufficient, distributions are applied to the contributed capital surplus account.

Drydocking
Normal vessel repair and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred. The Company recognizes the cost of a drydocking at the time the drydocking takes place, that is, it applies the "expense as incurred" method.

Stock-based compensation
The Company accounts for the restricted stock units ("RSUs") issued to the directors using the equity method and amortizes the fair value of the RSUs over the vesting period. The Company accounts for the RSUs issued to the management companies using the liability method.

Comprehensive income
The Company has no comprehensive income.

3.  NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-04 "Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in US GAAP and IFRSs". In general, ASU 2011-04 clarifies the FASB's intent about the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements, and for many of these requirements the amendments are not intended to result in any change in the application of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 820 ("Fair Value Measurement"). At the same time, there are some amendments that do change particular principles or requirements relating to fair value measurement and disclosure.  ASU 2011-04 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05 "Presentation of Comprehensive Income" in order to improve the comparability, consistency and transparency of financial reporting and to increase the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income. ASU 2011-05 eliminates the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity, and requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, although early adoption is permitted. Its adoption will affect the presentation of the Company's financial statements, but is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. ASU 2011-05 also included the requirement to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statement(s) in which the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income are presented. Owing to concerns raised about difficulties in its implementation, this latter requirement has been deferred for further consideration, through the issue by the FASB in December 2011 of ASU 2011-12 "Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05".  Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
 
 
F-10

 

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11 "Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities" in order to standardize the disclosure requirements under US GAAP and IFRS relating to both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in financial statements. ASU 2011-11 is applicable for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures.

4.   TAXATION

The Company is incorporated in Bermuda. Under current Bermuda law, the Company is not required to pay taxes in Bermuda on either income or capital gains. The Company has received written assurance from the Minister of Finance in Bermuda that, in the event of any such taxes being imposed, the Company will be exempted from taxation until March 31, 2035. Based upon review of applicable laws and regulations, and after consultation with counsel, the Company does not believe it is subject to material income taxes in any jurisdiction.

5.   SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company and the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") measure performance based on the Company's overall return to shareholders based on consolidated net income. The CODM does not review a measure of operating result at a lower level than the consolidated group. Consequently, the Company has only one reportable segment: tankers.  The tankers segment includes crude oil tanker vessels and dry bulk vessels. Both types of vessel are managed as part of this one segment.
 
The Company's vessels operate worldwide and therefore management does not evaluate performance by geographical region as this information is not meaningful. The Company has been operating in two markets since 2009. We operate in the tanker and dry bulk carrier markets as an international provider of seaborne transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes. An analysis of revenues from these services is as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
 
2011
 
 
 
2010
 
2009
Total operating revenues – tanker market
 
 
39,020
 
 
 
55,072
 
58,860
Total operating revenues – dry bulk carrier market
 
 
55,497
 
 
 
40,825
 
8,479

In 2011, six customers accounted for $83.2 million or 88% of gross revenues. In 2010, three customers accounted for $61.7 million or 64% of gross revenues and in 2009, two customers accounted for $45.0 million or 67% of gross revenues.

6.   EARNINGS PER SHARE

The computation of basic earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year of 24,425,699, 19,120,285 and 17,100,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The computation of diluted earnings per share in 2011 is based on the weighted average number of shares of 24,578,031. The restricted stock units granted on December 29, 2010 did not have a dilutive effect in 2010. There were no potentially dilutive securities outstanding in 2009.
 
 
F-11

 
 
7.   LEASES

The minimum future revenues to be received on time charter and bareboat charters, which are accounted for as operating leases as of December 31, 2011 are as follows. These minimum future revenues exclude payments that are based on market rates and indices.

(in thousands of $)
 
 
   
Year ending December 31,
       
2012
    68,513  
2013
    49,438  
2014
    32,702  
2015
    3,600  
2016
    -  
Thereafter
    -  
      154,253  
 
As of December 31, 2011, seven of the Company's vessels are leased out to third parties on time and bareboat charters for initial periods ranging from 2.5 to 5 years. All the vessels are leased out on operating leases.

The cost and accumulated depreciation of vessels leased to third parties at December 31, 2011 were $569.9 million and $171.5 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2010 were $657.9 million and $198.9 million, respectively.

8.   TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET

Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowance for doubtful accounts amounting to $1.9 million (2010: $0.2 million).

9.   VESSELS

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Cost
    657,890       657,890  
Accumulated amortization
    (221,617 )     (198,858 )
      436,273       459,032  

In 2010, the Company purchased two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carriers with existing time charters at a cost of $134.2 million, excluding the value of the time charters.

Depreciation expense was $22.8 million, $19.6 million and $14.3 million in the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

10.   DEFERRED CHARGES

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Capitalized financing fees and expenses
    3,414       3,335  
Accumulated amortization
    (1,304 )     (706 )
      2,110       2,629  

Debt arrangement fees of $0.1 million were capitalized during the year.

11.   OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS

Other long term assets represents the unamortized portion of the time charter taken over upon the acquisition of the Golden Zhejiang, which is being amortized over the period of the time charter on a straight line basis. An amount of $0.8 million (2010: $0.8 million) is included in Prepaid Expenses and Accrued Income in this respect.

12.   ACCRUED EXPENSES

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
   
2010
 
Voyage expenses
    2,315       584  
Ship operating expenses
    1,329       1,916  
Administrative expenses
    295       515  
Interest expense
    575       499  
 
    4,514       3,514  
 
 
 
F-12

 
 
13.   DEBT
 
(in thousands of $)
 
2011
   
2010
 
U.S. dollar denominated floating rate debt:
 
 
   
 
 
-$58 $58.24 Million Loan
    53,740       57,340  
-$17 $175 Million Loan
    100,000       100,000  
Total debt
    153,740       157,340  
Less: current portion
    (3,600 )     (3,600 )
 
    150,140       153,740  

The average interest rate for the floating rate debt was 2.76% for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2.68% for the year ended December 31, 2010.

$140 Million Loan
In March 2004, the Company refinanced a prior debt facility with a $140.0 million credit facility in the form of five tranches of $28.0 million, each in respect of a VLCC in the fleet at the time (including all VLCC vessels in the current fleet). One tranche was repaid upon the sale of the related vessel in 2007. The credit facility was secured by, among other things, a mortgage on each VLCC and an assignment of any charter in respect of that VLCC. The repayment terms of the facility were seven years. The credit facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin was repaid in July 2010.

$60 Million Loan
In August 2009, the Company entered into a four year term loan facility agreement consisting of two tranches of $30.0 million each. In August 2009, the Company drew down $30.0 million and in October 2009, the Company drew down the second tranche of $30.0 million. The loans were secured by, among other things, a mortgage on two Capesize vessels and an assignment of any charters in respect to those vessels. The $60 Million Loan bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin and was repaid in December 2010.

$105 Million Loan ($60 Million Loan extension)
In July 2010, the $60 Million Loan was extended to $105 million. The Company drew down $47.5 million which was repaid in December 2010.

$58.24 Million Loan
In July 2010, the Company entered into a $58.24 million credit facility consisting of four tranches of $14.56 million each in respect of the VLCC vessels in the fleet. Repayments are made on a quarterly basis with a balloon payment at the final maturity date in June 2015. As of December 31, 2011, the outstanding balance was $53.74 million. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin.

$175 Million Loan
In December 2010, the Company refinanced the $105 million loan facility and entered into a $175 million credit facility consisting of four tranches of $25.0 million each in respect of the Capesize vessels and a revolving debt facility of $75 million. The loan is repayable in May 2015. As of December 31, 2011, the outstanding balance was $100.0 million. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin. The revolving debt facility of $75 million was available but undrawn at December 31, 2011.

The Company's loan agreements contain loan-to-value clauses, which could require the Company, at its option, to post additional collateral or prepay a portion of the outstanding borrowings should the value of the vessels securing borrowings under each of such agreements decrease below required levels. In addition, the loan agreements include certain financial covenants including the requirement to maintain a certain level of free cash and failure to comply with any of the covenants in the loan agreements could result in a default under those agreements and under other agreements containing cross-default provisions. The Company was in compliance with all of the financial covenants contained in the Company's loan agreements as of December 31, 2011.

In addition, pursuant to the Company's $58.24 million $175 million credit facilities, none of its vessel owning subsidiaries may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of their interests in the vessels they own without the prior written consent of the applicable lenders unless, in the case of a vessel sale, the outstanding borrowings under the credit facility applicable to that vessel are repaid in full.
 
 
F-13

 
 
The outstanding debt as of December 31, 2011 is repayable as follows:
 
(in thousands of $)
     
Year ending December 31,
     
2012
    3,600  
2013
    3,600  
2014
    3,600  
2015
    142,940  
2016
    -  
Thereafter
    -  
      153,740  

14.  SHARE CAPITAL

Authorized share capital:
           
(in thousands of $ except for per share amounts)
 
2011
   
2010
 
50 million (2010: 35 million) common shares of $0.01 each
    500       350  

At the Annual General Meeting in September 2011, a resolution was passed to increase the authorized share capital from $350,000 to $500,000 divided into common shares of $0.01 par value each.

Issued and fully paid share capital:
           
(in thousands of $)
 
2011
   
2010
 
At January 1
    244       171  
Issued during the year
    -       73  
At December 31
    244       244  

In July 2010, 1,464,515 shares were issued to Golden Ocean Group Limited ("Golden Ocean") at $17.07 per share as part of the purchase consideration for the 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier, Golden Future. In October 2010, the Company issued 4,887,500 new shares at $19.00 through a public offering and issued 973,684 shares to Golden Ocean at $19.00 per share as part of the purchase consideration for the 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier, Golden Zhejiang.

15.   RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

In September 2010, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of an Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") and reserved 800,000 common shares of the Company for issuance pursuant to the Plan. The Plan permits RSUs to be granted to directors, officers, employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, affiliates, consultants and service providers. The RSUs will vest over three years at a rate of 1/3 of the number of RSUs granted on each annual anniversary of the date of grant, subject to the participant continuing to provide services to the Company from the grant date through the applicable vesting date.

Payment upon vesting of RSUs can be in cash, in shares of common stock or a combination of both as determined by the Board of Directors. They must be valued in an amount equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of vesting. The participant shall receive a 'dividend equivalent right' with respect to each RSU entitling the participant to receive amounts equal to the ordinary dividends that would be paid during the time the RSU is outstanding and unvested on the shares of common stock underlying the RSU as if such shares were outstanding from the date of grant through the applicable vesting date of the RSU.  Such payments shall be paid to the participant at the same time at which the RSUs vesting event occurs, conditioned upon the occurrence of the vesting event.

The following table summarizes restricted stock unit transactions in the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
 
Number of units
 
 
Directors
Management companies
Total
Fair value
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2009
-
-
-
-
 Granted – December 29, 2010
29,571
29,572
59,143
$22.23
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2010
29,571
29,572
59,143
$22.27
Granted – December 22, 2011
46,593
46,596
93,189
$13.95
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2011
76,164
76,168
152,332
$13.67

 
F-14

 
 
The RSU expense was $230,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011 (2010: nil).
 
During 2012, the Company plans to issue 11,301 common shares and pay $154,102 in cash to members of the Board of Directors and to the General Manager and the Dry bulk Manager in settlement of the 19,714 RSUs that vested on December 29, 2011. The settlement represents 50% of the value in common shares and 50% of the value in cash for each of the directors and each of the two management companies.
 
16.   FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Interest rate risk management
In certain situations, the Company may enter into financial instruments to reduce the risk associated with fluctuations in interest rates. The Company does not hold or issue instruments for speculative or trading purposes. As at December 31, 2011, the Company is not party to any interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate exposure.

Foreign currency risk
The majority of the Company's transactions, assets and liabilities are denominated in United States dollars, the functional currency of the Company. There is no significant risk that currency fluctuations will have a negative effect of the value of the Company's cash flows.

Fair values
The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company's financial instruments at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:


 
 
2011
 
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
2010
 
 
(in thousands of $)
 
Fair
Value
 
 
Carrying
Value
 
 
Fair
Value
 
 
Carrying
 Value
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
 
46,848
 
 
 
46,848
 
 
 
56,771
 
 
 
56,771
 
Restricted cash
 
 
15,000
 
 
 
15,000
 
 
 
15,000
 
 
 
15,000
 
Floating rate debt
 
 
153,740
 
 
 
153,740
 
 
 
157,340
 
 
 
157,340
 

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The estimated fair value for floating rate long-term debt is considered to be equal to the carrying value since it bears variable interest rates, which are reset on a quarterly basis.
 
Concentrations of risk
There is a concentration of credit risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents to the extent that substantially all of the amounts are carried with Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, DnB and Nordea Bank Norge ASA. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk.

17.   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In July and October 2010, the Company purchased two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carriers, Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, from Golden Ocean. Golden Future was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 1,464,515 shares with a value of $25.0 million. Golden Zhejiang was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 973,684 shares with a value of $18.5 million. Both vessels were acquired with an existing time charter and $3.3 million of the purchase price for the Golden Zhejiang has been attributed to the value of the time charter.

Management fees, which represent a commission of 1.25% of gross freight earned by the dry bulk carriers, of $0.5 million were invoiced by Golden Ocean and paid by the Company during each of 2011 and 2010. As of December 31, 2011, $0.3 million was payable to Golden Ocean. At December 31, 2010, $69,000 was due from Golden Ocean. On December 22, 2011 and December 29, 2010, 23,298 and 14,786 RSUs, respectively, were issued to Golden Ocean Management (Bermuda) Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean.

18.   MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY

On February 12, 1997, the Company entered into a management agreement with the General Manager under which the General Manager provided certain administrative, management and advisory services to the Company for an amount of $750,000 per year.
 
 
F-15

 
 
Effective February 2004, the Company entered into an amendment to the agreement with the General Manager. The management fee was amended to $630,000 per year, in addition to a commission of 1.25% on gross freight revenues. Pursuant to the terms of the amendment, the Company became responsible for paying its own administrative expenses. In February 2006, the management fee was increased to $1,150,000 per annum. On August 12, 2010, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Management Agreement, which increased the management fee to $2,315,000 per annum effective January 1, 2010.

On June 25, 2010, the Company entered into a commercial management agreement with the Dry bulk Manager, under which the Dry bulk Manager provides administrative and commercial expertise relating to the Company's dry bulk vessels. The Dry bulk Manager will receive 1.25% on gross freight revenues earned by the dry bulk vessels.

19.   COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The General Manager insures the legal liability risks for the Company's shipping activities with Assuranceforeningen SKULD, Assuranceforeningen Gard Gjensidig and Britannia Steam Ship Insurance Association Limited, all mutual protection and indemnity associations. The Company is subject to calls payable to the associations based on the Company's claims record in addition to the claims records of all other members of the associations. A contingent liability exists to the extent that the claims records of the members of the associations in the aggregate show significant deterioration, which result in additional calls on the members.

20.   SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
 
On January 9, 2012, the Company announced an amendment to the time charter with Frontline Ltd. for the Hampstead. The time charter hire has been reduced from $37,750 per day to $27,050 per day for the remaining period of the charter commencing January 1, 2012 until April 22, 2012, the date when the vessel was re-delivered to us. The Company is entitled to be compensated if actual earnings exceed the new rate up to and including the original rate. There was no compensation for the first quarter of 2012.
 
On February 7, 2012, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.50 per share. The record date for the dividend was February 23, 2012, the ex dividend date was February 21, 2012 and the dividend was paid on March 8, 2012.
 
On March 12, 2012, the Company issued a press release announcing that Sanko Steamship Co., Ltd. ("Sanko") has requested that the Company agree to a deferral in payments of charter hire in respect of the Battersea. Sanko has also issued a press release stating that it intends to meet all financial obligations and to restructure and strengthen its balance sheet. The Company has been informed that Sanko is planning to present formal rehabilitation proposals to stakeholders at meetings in early June 2012.
 
In March 2012, the Company agreed an amendment to the time charter for the Belgravia with Jiangsu Shagang Group Co., Ltd ("Shagang") whereby (i) the sum of $95,000 shall be deducted from future charter hire payments, which are each payable 15 days in advance,  until the amount of $5.7 million has been deducted, and (ii) the sum of $5.0 million shall be pre-paid in one or more installments no later than five months following receipt by Shagang of a guarantee to be provided in accordance with the amendment.
 
 
F-16

 
 
 

EX-8.1 2 d1282142_ex8-1.htm d1282142_ex8-1.htm
Exhibit 8.1
 
 
 
Significant Subsidiaries at April 27, 2012

 
 
NAME
COUNTRY OF INCORPORATION
OWNERSHIP AND VOTING PERCENTAGE
 
 
 
KTL Camden, Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%
KTL Kensington, Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%
KTL Hampstead, Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%
KTL Mayfair, Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%
KTL Belgravia I, Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%
KTL Belgravia II, Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%
Golden Future Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%
Golden Zhejiang Inc.
Republic of Liberia
100%


EX-12.1 3 d1282142_ex12-1.htm d1282142_ex12-1.htm

Exhibit 12.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a), AS AMENDED
 
 
 
I, Ola Lorentzon, certify that:
 
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited;
 
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4. The company's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and have:
 
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the company's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company's internal control over financial reporting; and
 
5. The company's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company's auditors and the audit committee of the company's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company's internal control over financial reporting.
 
Date: April 27, 2012
 
 

/s/ Ola Lorentzon
Ola Lorentzon
Principal Executive Officer
EX-12.2 4 d1282142_ex12-2.htm d1282142_ex12-2.htm
Exhibit 12.2


CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a), AS AMENDED
 
 
 
I, Inger M. Klemp, certify that:
 
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited;
 
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4. The company's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f))  for the company and have:
 
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the company's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company's internal control over financial reporting; and
 
5. The company's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company's auditors and the audit committee of the company's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: April 27, 2012
 
 
 
/s/ Inger M. Klemp
Inger M. Klemp
Principal Financial Officer
EX-13.1 5 d1282142_ex13-1.htm d1282142_ex13-1.htm
Exhibit 13.1


 
 

PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with this Annual Report of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited (the "Company") on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2011, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on or about the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Ola Lorentzon, the Principal Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
A signed original of this written statement has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the SEC or its staff upon request.

Date: April 27, 2012
 
 
 
/s/ Ola Lorentzon
Ola Lorentzon
Principal Executive Officer

EX-13.2 6 d1282142_ex13-2.htm d1282142_ex13-2.htm

Exhibit 13.2
 
 
 
 

PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with this Annual Report of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited (the "Company") on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2011, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on or about the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Inger M. Klemp, the Principal Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

A signed original of this written statement has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the SEC or its staff upon request.

Date: April 27, 2012
 
 
 
/s/ Inger M. Klemp
Inger M. Klemp
Principal Financial Officer

 
EX-15.1 7 d1285642_ex15-1.htm d1285642_ex15-1.htm
Exhibit 15.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 
 
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form F-3 (No.333-175125) of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited of our report dated March 17, 2010 relating to the financial statements, which appears in this Form 20-F.


/s/ MSPC Certified Public Accountants and Advisors
A Professional Corporation
New York, New York


April 27, 2012

EX-15.2 8 d1285641_ex15-2.htm d1285641_ex15-2.htm
Exhibit 15.2


CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 
 
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form F-3 (No.333-175125) of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited of our report dated April 27, 2012 relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 20-F.


/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers A.S.
Oslo, Norway


April 27, 2012



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The CODM does not review a measure of operating result at a lower level than the consolidated group. Consequently, the Company has only one reportable segment: tankers.&#160;&#160;The tankers segment includes crude oil tanker vessels and dry bulk vessels. Both types of vessel are managed as part of this one segment.</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;">&#160;</div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The Company's vessels operate worldwide and therefore management does not evaluate performance by geographical region as this information is not meaningful. The Company has been operating in two markets since 2009. We operate in the tanker and dry bulk carrier markets as an international provider of seaborne transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes. 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The consolidated financial statements include the assets and liabilities of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Effective July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its VLCC vessels from $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting increase in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of $1.0 million and an increase of $0.06 in earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2009.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;">&#160;</div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Reporting currency</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The functional currency of the Company and all of its subsidiaries is the United States dollar as all revenues are received in United States dollars and a majority of the Company's expenditures are made in United States dollars. 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The impact of recognizing voyage expenses ratably over the length of each voyage is not materially different on a quarterly and annual basis from a method of recognizing such costs as incurred. Probable losses on voyages are provided for in full at the time such losses can be estimated. Time charter and bareboat charter revenues are recorded over the term of the charter as a service is provided. The Company uses a discharge-to-discharge basis in determining percentage of completion for all spot voyages and voyages servicing contracts of affreightment whereby it recognizes revenue ratably from when product is discharged (unloaded) at the end of one voyage to when it is discharged after the next voyage. 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Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Vessels and depreciation</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Vessels are stated at cost less accumulated deprecation. Depreciation is calculated based on cost less estimated residual value, using the straight-line method, over the useful life of each vessel. The useful life of each vessel is deemed to be 25 years.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">On July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its four VLCCs. The scrap rate was amended from an average of $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting change in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009.</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;">&#160;</div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Deferred charges</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Loan costs, including debt arrangement fees, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant loan. The straight line basis of amortization approximates the effective interest method in the Company's consolidated statement of operations. Amortization of loan costs is included in interest expense.&#160;&#160;If a loan is repaid early, any unamortized portion of the related deferred charges is charged against income in the period in which the loan is repaid.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Earnings per share</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period presented. Diluted earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of shares outstanding is adjusted to include the restricted stock units based on the treasury stock method.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Vessel impairment</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The Company's vessels are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a vessel may not be recoverable. This assessment is made at the individual vessel level as separately identifiable cash flow information for each vessel is available. The company assesses recoverability of the carrying value of the vessel by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the vessel, including eventual disposal. </font><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The carrying value of a time charter contract that was acquired with one of the vessels is included in the assessment. </font></font><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">If the future net undiscounted cash flows are less then the carrying value of the vessel, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between carrying value and fair value.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Fair value is typically established using an average of three independent valuations. In addition, vessels to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Distributions to shareholders</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Distributions to shareholders are applied first to retained earnings. When retained earnings are not sufficient, distributions are applied to the contributed capital surplus account.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Drydocking</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Normal vessel repair and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred. The Company recognizes the cost of a drydocking at the time the drydocking takes place, that is, it applies the "expense as incurred" method.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Stock-based compensation</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The Company accounts for the restricted stock units ("RSUs") issued to the directors using the equity method and amortizes the fair value of the RSUs over the vesting period. The Company accounts for the RSUs issued to the management companies using the liability method.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Comprehensive income</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The Company has no comprehensive income.</font></div></div> 81378000 77928000 15000000 15000000 521219000 541953000 52000 54000 123000 2110000 2629000 658000 1331000 2.00 1.70 0.25 <div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-weight: bold;">15.</font>&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="display: inline; font-weight: bold;">RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS</font></font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">In September 2010, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of an Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") and reserved 800,000 common shares of the Company for issuance pursuant to the Plan. The Plan permits RSUs to be granted to directors, officers, employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, affiliates, consultants and service providers. The RSUs will vest over three years at a rate of 1/3 of the number of RSUs granted on each annual anniversary of the date of grant, subject to the participant continuing to provide services to the Company from the grant date through the applicable vesting date.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">Payment upon vesting of RSUs can be in cash, in shares of common stock or a combination of both as determined by the Board of Directors. They must be valued in an amount equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of vesting. The participant shall receive a 'dividend equivalent right' with respect to each RSU entitling the participant to receive amounts equal to the ordinary dividends that would be paid during the time the RSU is outstanding and unvested on the shares of common stock underlying the RSU as if such shares were outstanding from the date of grant through the applicable vesting date of the RSU.&#160;&#160;Such payments shall be paid to the participant at the same time at which the RSUs vesting event occurs, conditioned upon the occurrence of the vesting event.</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes restricted stock unit transactions in the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010:</font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;">&#160;</div><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" style="font-family: times new roman; 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margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Directors</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Management companies</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div></td><td align="right" colspan="2" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fair value</font></div></td></tr><tr bgcolor="#cceeff"><td align="left" valign="bottom" width="45%"><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">Units outstanding as of December 31, 2009</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">-</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">-</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">-</font></div></td><td align="right" colspan="2" valign="bottom" width="12%"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">-</font></div></td></tr><tr bgcolor="white"><td align="left" valign="bottom" width="45%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;Granted &#8211; December 29, 2010</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">29,571</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; 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display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">Granted &#8211; December 22, 2011</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">46,593</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">46,596</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">93,189</font></div></td><td align="right" colspan="2" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 2px solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">$13.95</font></div></td></tr><tr bgcolor="#cceeff"><td align="left" valign="bottom" width="45%" style="border-bottom: black 4px double;"><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">Units outstanding as of December 31, 2011</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 4px double;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt;">76,164</font></div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" width="12%" style="border-bottom: black 4px double;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; 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display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-weight: bold;">16.</font>&#160;&#160;&#160;<font style="display: inline; font-weight: bold;">FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS</font></font></div><div style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest rate risk management</font></div><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt;">In certain situations, the Company may enter into financial instruments to reduce the risk associated with fluctuations in interest rates. 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display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;">&#160;</div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" style="border-top: black 1.5pt solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;">&#160;</div></td><td align="right" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="border-top: black 1.5pt solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;"><font style="display: inline; font-family: times new roman; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2011</font></div></td><td align="left" valign="bottom" style="border-top: black 1.5pt solid;"><div align="left" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;">&#160;</div></td><td align="right" valign="bottom" style="border-top: black 1.5pt solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; display: block; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt;">&#160;</div></td><td align="right" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="border-top: black 1.5pt solid;"><div align="right" style="text-indent: 0pt; 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[Abstract] Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year Interest paid, net of capitalized interest Interest Paid, Net Trade accounts receivable, net Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable Inventories Increase (Decrease) in Inventories Other receivables Increase (Decrease) in Other Receivables Prepaid expenses and accrued income Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets Trade accounts payable Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accrued expenses Related party balances Increase (Decrease) in Due to Related Parties, Current COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block] Share capital, shares outstanding (in shares) Balance (in shares) Balance (in shares) Share capital (24,425,699 shares outstanding, par value $0.01) Total current liabilities Liabilities, Current Current liabilities DEBT Debt Disclosure [Text Block] Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share) Dividends paid Payments of Ordinary Dividends Debt fees paid Payments of Financing Costs Administrative expenses Consolidated Statements of Operations [Abstract] TAXATION Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block] Changes in restricted cash Increase (Decrease) in Restricted Cash Interest expense Interest Expense Inventories Total liabilities Liabilities Total liabilities and equity Liabilities and Equity LIABILITIES AND EQUITY Long-term debt Net (used in) provided by financing activities Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities Financing activities Net cash used in investing activities Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities Investing activities Net cash provided by operating activities Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities Net income Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease) NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Table Text Block] Net other expenses Nonoperating Income (Expense) Other income (expenses) Long-term liabilities LEASES Operating Leases of Lessor Disclosure [Text Block] Net operating income Operating Income (Loss) Total operating revenues Revenues Operating revenues Other financial items Other Nonoperating Expense Other receivables Net proceeds from share issuance Proceeds from long-term debt VESSELS [Abstract] Purchase of vessels Cash paid for purchase of vessel Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment Related party receivables RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Related Party Transactions Disclosure [Text Block] Repayment of long-term debt Repayments of Long-term Debt Retained earnings SEGMENT INFORMATION Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block] SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows [Abstract] Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity [Abstract] Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract] Equity Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Total current assets Assets, Current Current assets Restricted cash Common Stock [Member] Share Capital [Member] Total assets Assets Interest income Deferred charges Other current liabilities Other Liabilities, Current Cash dividends per share declared (in dollars per share) RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block] Statement [Table] ASSETS Statement [Line Items] Contributed capital surplus FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block] Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Name [Domain] Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] Other long term assets Operating expenses Total operating expenses Operating Expenses EARNINGS PER SHARE [Abstract] Share capital, par value (in dollars per share) Total equity Balance Balance Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent Statement, Equity Components [Axis] Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] Additional Paid In Capital [Member] Retained Earnings [Member] Equity Component [Domain] Shares issued Shares issued (in shares) EARNINGS PER SHARE Earnings Per Share [Text Block] Net income Net income LEASES [Abstract] Commitments and contingencies Dividends paid Dividends, Common Stock, Cash Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS Nature of Operations [Text Block] Trade accounts payable Accounts Payable, Trade, Current Accrued expenses Accrued Liabilities, Current Related party payables Other Additional Capital [Member] Contributed Capital Surplus [Member] OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS [Abstract] ACCRUED EXPENSES [Abstract] DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS [Abstract] Value of shares issued for purchase of vessel Stock Issued During Period, Value, Purchase of Assets Shares issued in purchase of vessel (in shares) Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Purchase of Assets COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES [Abstract] TAXATION [Abstract] SUBSEQUENT EVENTS Subsequent Events [Text Block] DEBT [Abstract] RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS [Abstract] Restricted stock unit expense OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS Other Assets Disclosure [Text Block] SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract] SEGMENT INFORMATION [Abstract] RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS [Abstract] SUBSEQUENT EVENTS [Abstract] Other current liabilities Significant Investing and Financing Activities Noncash Investing and Financing Items [Abstract] Amendment Flag Current Fiscal Year End Date Document Period End Date Entity [Text Block] Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Entity Voluntary Filers Entity Current Reporting Status Entity Filer Category Entity Registrant Name Entity Central Index Key Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding Document Fiscal Year Focus Document Fiscal Period Focus Document Type Time Charter Revenues Revenue derived from time charter contracts accounted for as operating leases. Time charter revenues Voyage Charter Revenues Revenue derived from voyage charter contracts including net pool revenues. Voyage charter revenues Bareboat Charter Revenues Revenue derived from bareboat charter contracts accounted for as operating leases. Bareboat charter revenues Voyage Expenses And Commission Expenses associated with operating vessels which are attributable to particular voyages such as fuel costs, port costs, broker commissions and canal tolls. Voyage expenses and commission Ship Operating Expenses The aggregate direct operating costs of operating the vessels. Ship operating expenses Per share information: [Abstract] Per share information: Voyage in Progress Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of voyages in progress that are expected to be completed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Voyage in progress Additions to Newbuildings The cash outflow associated with capital expenditures for the construction of new vessels. Additions to newbuildings Increase Decrease Voyages in Progress The net change during the reporting period of voyages in progress that are expected to be completed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Voyages in progress Management of Company [Text Block] Disclosure of the management agreement with a General Manager, which provides administrative and commercial expertise for the company's dry bulk vessel operations. MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY [Abstract] MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY [Abstract] Prepaid Expenses And Accrued Income Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of expenditures made, not otherwise specified in the taxonomy, in advance of the timing of recognition of expenses which are expected to be charged against earnings within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. And, aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of fees and other revenue recorded based on estimates or specific contractual terms as transactions occur or services are rendered in the current period. Prepaid expenses and accrued income Vessels And Equipment Net Carrying amount at the balance sheet date of vessels and other long-lived depreciable physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale, net of accumulated depreciation on vessels and equipments. Vessels, net Short Term Debt And Current Portion Of Long Term Debt Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the sum of short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt which are due within one year (or one business cycle if longer). Current portion of long-term debt NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS [Abstract] NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS [Abstract] TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET [Abstract] TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET [Abstract] Trade Receivables Disclosure [Text Block] Includes disclosure trade accounts receivables and allowance for doubtful debts. TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET Vessels And Equipment Disclosure [Text Block] Vessels that are used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. This disclosure may include vessels equipment accounting policies, a schedule of vessels and equipment gross, additions, deletions, transfers and other changes, depreciation, and amortization expense, net, accumulated depreciation and amortization expense and useful lives, income statement disclosures and assets held for sale. This element may be used as a single block of text to include the entire PPE disclosure. VESSELS DEFERRED CHARGES [Abstract] DEFERRED CHARGES [Abstract] Deferred Finance Costs Disclosures [Text Block] Describes the nature and amounts of deferred finance costs. These are costs relating to undertaking a financing with a third party. Such costs could involve evaluating and recording guarantees, collateral, and other security arrangements, negotiating loan terms, preparing and processing loan documents, and closing the transaction. Can also be known as deferred loan costs or deferred debt issue costs. Does not include other deferred costs or deferred (policy) acquisition costs (DAC) of insurance companies. DEFERRED CHARGES Accrued Expenses Disclosure [Text Block] Description and amounts of accrued expenses disclosure at the end of the reporting period. This element may be used for the entire disclosure as a single block of text. ACCRUED EXPENSES Amortization of time charter contract value Amortization in period related to time charter contract value. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS [Abstract] FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS [Abstract] SHARE CAPITAL [Text Block] Disclosures related to balances of common stock; amount and nature of changes in common stocks, the number of shares authorized and outstanding, number of shares issued upon exercise and conversion, rights and privileges of each class of stock authorized. SHARE CAPITAL SHARE CAPITAL [Abstract] Golden Future [Member] Capesize dry bullk carrier, July, 2010. Golden Zhejiang [Member] Capesize dry bullk carrier, October, 2010. EX-101.PRE 14 vlccf-20111231_pre.xml XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE XML 15 report.css IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT /* Updated 2009-11-04 */ /* v2.2.0.24 */ /* DefRef Styles */ ..report table.authRefData{ background-color: #def; border: 2px solid #2F4497; font-size: 1em; position: absolute; } ..report table.authRefData a { display: block; font-weight: bold; } ..report table.authRefData p { margin-top: 0px; } ..report table.authRefData .hide { background-color: #2F4497; padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px; text-align: right; } ..report table.authRefData .hide a:hover { background-color: #2F4497; } ..report table.authRefData .body { height: 150px; overflow: auto; width: 400px; } ..report table.authRefData table{ font-size: 1em; } /* Report Styles */ ..pl a, .pl a:visited { color: black; text-decoration: none; } /* table */ ..report { background-color: white; border: 2px solid #acf; clear: both; color: black; font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif; margin-bottom: 2em; } ..report hr { border: 1px solid #acf; } /* Top labels */ ..report th { background-color: #acf; color: black; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; } ..report th.void { background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif; text-align: left; } ..report .pl { text-align: left; vertical-align: top; white-space: normal; width: 200px; word-wrap: break-word; } ..report td.pl a.a { cursor: pointer; display: block; width: 200px; } ..report td.pl div.a { width: 200px; } ..report td.pl a:hover { background-color: #ffc; } /* Header rows... */ ..report tr.rh { background-color: #acf; color: black; font-weight: bold; } /* Calendars... */ ..report .rc { background-color: #f0f0f0; } /* Even rows... */ ..report .re, .report .reu { background-color: #def; } ..report .reu td { border-bottom: 1px solid black; } /* Odd rows... */ ..report .ro, .report .rou { background-color: white; } ..report .rou td { border-bottom: 1px solid black; } ..report .rou table td, .report .reu table td { border-bottom: 0px solid black; } /* styles for footnote marker */ ..report .fn { white-space: nowrap; } /* styles for numeric types */ ..report .num, .report .nump { text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; } ..report .nump { padding-left: 2em; } ..report .nump { padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em; } /* styles for text types */ ..report .text { text-align: left; white-space: normal; } ..report .text .big { margin-bottom: 1em; width: 17em; } ..report .text .more { display: none; } ..report .text .note { font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; } ..report .text .small { width: 10em; } ..report sup { font-style: italic; } ..report .outerFootnotes { font-size: 1em; } XML 16 R25.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY [Abstract]  
MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY
18.   MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY

On February 12, 1997, the Company entered into a management agreement with the General Manager under which the General Manager provided certain administrative, management and advisory services to the Company for an amount of $750,000 per year.
 
Effective February 2004, the Company entered into an amendment to the agreement with the General Manager. The management fee was amended to $630,000 per year, in addition to a commission of 1.25% on gross freight revenues. Pursuant to the terms of the amendment, the Company became responsible for paying its own administrative expenses. In February 2006, the management fee was increased to $1,150,000 per annum. On August 12, 2010, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Management Agreement, which increased the management fee to $2,315,000 per annum effective January 1, 2010.

On June 25, 2010, the Company entered into a commercial management agreement with the Dry bulk Manager, under which the Dry bulk Manager provides administrative and commercial expertise relating to the Company's dry bulk vessels. The Dry bulk Manager will receive 1.25% on gross freight revenues earned by the dry bulk vessels.
XML 17 R9.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The consolidated financial statements include the assets and liabilities of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Effective July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its VLCC vessels from $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting increase in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of $1.0 million and an increase of $0.06 in earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2009.
 
Reporting currency
The functional currency of the Company and all of its subsidiaries is the United States dollar as all revenues are received in United States dollars and a majority of the Company's expenditures are made in United States dollars. The Company and its subsidiaries report in United States dollars.

Foreign currency
Transactions in foreign currencies during the year are translated into United States dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated using rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Foreign currency non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using historical rates of exchange. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations.

Revenue and expense recognition
Revenues and expenses are recognized on the accruals basis. Revenues are generated from freight billings, time charter and bareboat charter hires. Voyage revenues and expenses are recognized ratably over the estimated length of each voyage and, therefore, are allocated between reporting periods based on the relative transit time in each period. The impact of recognizing voyage expenses ratably over the length of each voyage is not materially different on a quarterly and annual basis from a method of recognizing such costs as incurred. Probable losses on voyages are provided for in full at the time such losses can be estimated. Time charter and bareboat charter revenues are recorded over the term of the charter as a service is provided. The Company uses a discharge-to-discharge basis in determining percentage of completion for all spot voyages and voyages servicing contracts of affreightment whereby it recognizes revenue ratably from when product is discharged (unloaded) at the end of one voyage to when it is discharged after the next voyage. However, the Company does not recognize revenue if a charter has not been contractually committed to by a customer and the Company, even if the vessel has discharged its cargo and is sailing to the anticipated load port on its next voyage.

Amounts receivable from profit sharing arrangements are accrued based on the time charter equivalent rates achieved through vessel deployment over the preceding quarter in the market for certain key routes and are not contingent on the performance of the Company. This amount is calculated and accounted for on a quarterly basis and is received on a quarterly basis. Each quarterly settlement is final and does not get carried forward to the next quarter. There is no consideration of future performance in the recording of profit sharing revenue.

Leases
The current charters for the Company's eight vessels are classified as operating leases by the Company.

Cash and cash equivalents
All demand and time deposits and highly liquid, low risk investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are considered equivalent to cash.

Restricted cash
Restricted cash consists of bank deposits maintained in accordance with our loan agreements with DnB and Nordea.

Trade accounts receivable
Trade and other receivables are presented net of allowances for doubtful balances. If amounts become uncollectible, they are charged against income when that determination is made.

Inventories
Inventories, which are comprised principally of fuel and lubricating oils, are stated at the lower of cost and market value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis.

Vessels and depreciation
Vessels are stated at cost less accumulated deprecation. Depreciation is calculated based on cost less estimated residual value, using the straight-line method, over the useful life of each vessel. The useful life of each vessel is deemed to be 25 years.

On July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its four VLCCs. The scrap rate was amended from an average of $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting change in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009.
 
Deferred charges
Loan costs, including debt arrangement fees, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant loan. The straight line basis of amortization approximates the effective interest method in the Company's consolidated statement of operations. Amortization of loan costs is included in interest expense.  If a loan is repaid early, any unamortized portion of the related deferred charges is charged against income in the period in which the loan is repaid.

Earnings per share
Earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period presented. Diluted earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of shares outstanding is adjusted to include the restricted stock units based on the treasury stock method.

Vessel impairment
The Company's vessels are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a vessel may not be recoverable. This assessment is made at the individual vessel level as separately identifiable cash flow information for each vessel is available. The company assesses recoverability of the carrying value of the vessel by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the vessel, including eventual disposal. The carrying value of a time charter contract that was acquired with one of the vessels is included in the assessment. If the future net undiscounted cash flows are less then the carrying value of the vessel, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between carrying value and fair value.

Fair value is typically established using an average of three independent valuations. In addition, vessels to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell.

Distributions to shareholders
Distributions to shareholders are applied first to retained earnings. When retained earnings are not sufficient, distributions are applied to the contributed capital surplus account.

Drydocking
Normal vessel repair and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred. The Company recognizes the cost of a drydocking at the time the drydocking takes place, that is, it applies the "expense as incurred" method.

Stock-based compensation
The Company accounts for the restricted stock units ("RSUs") issued to the directors using the equity method and amortizes the fair value of the RSUs over the vesting period. The Company accounts for the RSUs issued to the management companies using the liability method.

Comprehensive income
The Company has no comprehensive income.
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DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS [Abstract]  
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
1.    DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited (the "Company") was incorporated in Bermuda in September 1996 and was originally founded for the purpose of owning and operating an initial fleet of five very large crude carriers, or VLCCs. In December 2007, one of these vessels was sold and the Company subsequently expanded the scope of its activities and acquired two Capesize newbuilding dry bulk vessels in 2009 and two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk vessels in 2010. The Company's shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "VLCCF."

The Company's tankers and dry bulk carriers are managed by ICB Shipping (Bermuda) Limited, or the General Manager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Frontline Ltd., or Frontline, a Bermuda based shipping company whose shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, the Oslo Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange under the symbol "FRO," and by Golden Ocean Management (Bermuda) Ltd., or the Dry bulk Manager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean Group Limited, a Bermuda based dry bulk shipping company whose shares are listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange and the Singapore Stock Exchange under the symbol "GOGL." In addition, the General Manager provides us with general administrative and technical services.

The Company currently has four VLCCs and four Capesize vessels in the fleet. One VLCC was on a time charter that commenced in 2007 for an initial term of five years earning a rate of $37,750 per day plus a market-based profit sharing payment computed as 50% of the difference between the related spot market index rate and the base rate. In December 2011, the Company agreed with the charter, Frontline Ltd., to reduce the daily rate to $27,050, with effect from January 1, 2012 until April 22, 2012 at which time the vessel was redelivered. The Company is entitled to be compensated if actual earnings exceed the new rate up to and including the old rate. This vessel commenced trade in the spot market upon its redelivery. Two VLCCs are on bareboat charters at an estimated daily time charter equivalent rate of $32,000 per day less 2.5 percent commission. One is on a 2.5 year bareboat charter due to expire in August 2012 (charterer has the option to extend for a further 2.5 years) and the other is a five year bareboat charter. The remaining VLCC has been operating in the spot market following the expiry of its time charter in May 2011. The Company's two Capesize newbuilding dry bulk carriers commenced five year time charters upon their deliveries in August 2009 and October 2009 earning rates of $40,000 per day less 1.25% commission and $52,670 per day less 2.5% commission, respectively. The two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk vessels were purchased with existing time charters. One time charter expires in January 2013 and the rate is $31,500 per day less 6.25% commission. The other time charter expires in September 2014 and the rate is $29,900 per day less 6.25% commission. The charterer of this vessel, the Golden Zhejiang, has been granted a reduction in charter hire from $29,900 per day to $19,900 per day from July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012. The reduced hire will be repaid from July 1, 2012 until the end of the charter in September 2014. The Company has two one-year extension options.
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Consolidated Statements of Operations (USD $)
In Thousands, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Operating revenues      
Time charter revenues $ 71,570 $ 74,232 $ 54,892
Voyage charter revenues 11,324 15,268 12,447
Bareboat charter revenues 11,623 6,397 0
Total operating revenues 94,517 95,897 67,339
Operating expenses      
Voyage expenses and commission 11,215 10,467 8,588
Ship operating expenses 18,801 19,678 18,829
Administrative expenses 3,528 3,018 1,823
Depreciation 22,759 19,567 14,344
Total operating expenses 56,303 52,730 43,583
Net operating income 38,214 43,167 23,756
Other income (expenses)      
Interest income 52 54 123
Interest expense (4,957) (3,940) (1,895)
Other financial items (657) (724) (304)
Net other expenses (5,562) (4,610) (2,076)
Net income $ 32,652 $ 38,557 $ 21,680
Per share information:      
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share) $ 1.34 $ 2.02 $ 1.27
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share) $ 1.33 $ 2.02 $ 1.27
Cash dividends per share declared (in dollars per share) $ 2.00 $ 1.70 $ 0.25
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XML 22 R6.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Parenthetical) (USD $)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Significant Investing and Financing Activities  
Cash paid for purchase of vessel $ 94,000,000
Golden Future [Member]
 
Significant Investing and Financing Activities  
Cash paid for purchase of vessel 47,000,000
Shares issued in purchase of vessel (in shares) 1,464,515
Value of shares issued for purchase of vessel 25,000,000
Golden Zhejiang [Member]
 
Significant Investing and Financing Activities  
Cash paid for purchase of vessel 47,000,000
Shares issued in purchase of vessel (in shares) 973,684
Value of shares issued for purchase of vessel $ 18,500,000
XML 23 R22.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS [Abstract]  
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
15.   RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

In September 2010, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of an Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") and reserved 800,000 common shares of the Company for issuance pursuant to the Plan. The Plan permits RSUs to be granted to directors, officers, employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, affiliates, consultants and service providers. The RSUs will vest over three years at a rate of 1/3 of the number of RSUs granted on each annual anniversary of the date of grant, subject to the participant continuing to provide services to the Company from the grant date through the applicable vesting date.

Payment upon vesting of RSUs can be in cash, in shares of common stock or a combination of both as determined by the Board of Directors. They must be valued in an amount equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of vesting. The participant shall receive a 'dividend equivalent right' with respect to each RSU entitling the participant to receive amounts equal to the ordinary dividends that would be paid during the time the RSU is outstanding and unvested on the shares of common stock underlying the RSU as if such shares were outstanding from the date of grant through the applicable vesting date of the RSU.  Such payments shall be paid to the participant at the same time at which the RSUs vesting event occurs, conditioned upon the occurrence of the vesting event.

The following table summarizes restricted stock unit transactions in the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
 
Number of units
 
 
Directors
Management companies
Total
Fair value
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2009
-
-
-
-
 Granted – December 29, 2010
29,571
29,572
59,143
$22.23
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2010
29,571
29,572
59,143
$22.27
Granted – December 22, 2011
46,593
46,596
93,189
$13.95
Units outstanding as of December 31, 2011
76,164
76,168
152,332
$13.67
 
The RSU expense was $230,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011 (2010: nil).
 
During 2012, the Company plans to issue 11,301 common shares and pay $154,102 in cash to members of the Board of Directors and to the General Manager and the Dry bulk Manager in settlement of the 19,714 RSUs that vested on December 29, 2011. The settlement represents 50% of the value in common shares and 50% of the value in cash for each of the directors and each of the two management companies.
XML 24 R24.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS [Abstract]  
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
17.   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In July and October 2010, the Company purchased two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carriers, Golden Future and Golden Zhejiang, from Golden Ocean. Golden Future was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 1,464,515 shares with a value of $25.0 million. Golden Zhejiang was purchased for $47.0 million in cash and 973,684 shares with a value of $18.5 million. Both vessels were acquired with an existing time charter and $3.3 million of the purchase price for the Golden Zhejiang has been attributed to the value of the time charter.

Management fees, which represent a commission of 1.25% of gross freight earned by the dry bulk carriers, of $0.5 million were invoiced by Golden Ocean and paid by the Company during each of 2011 and 2010. As of December 31, 2011, $0.3 million was payable to Golden Ocean. At December 31, 2010, $69,000 was due from Golden Ocean. On December 22, 2011 and December 29, 2010, 23,298 and 14,786 RSUs, respectively, were issued to Golden Ocean Management (Bermuda) Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean.

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XML 26 R7.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (USD $)
In Thousands, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
Share Capital [Member]
Additional Paid In Capital [Member]
Contributed Capital Surplus [Member]
Retained Earnings [Member]
Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2008 $ 171   $ 179,019 $ 43,115  
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2008 17,100,000        
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Restricted stock unit expense   0      
Net income       21,680 21,680
Dividends paid       (4,275)  
Balance at Dec. 31, 2009 171   179,019 60,520 239,710
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2009 17,100,100        
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Shares issued 73 131,026      
Shares issued (in shares) 7,325,699        
Restricted stock unit expense   0      
Net income       38,557 38,557
Dividends paid       (33,465)  
Balance at Dec. 31, 2010 244 131,026 179,019 65,612 375,901
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2010 24,425,699       24,425,699
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Restricted stock unit expense   230      
Net income       32,652 32,652
Dividends paid       (48,851)  
Balance at Dec. 31, 2011 $ 244 $ 131,256   $ 49,413 $ 359,932
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2011 24,425,699       24,425,699
XML 27 R3.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
Consolidated Balance Sheets (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
Dec. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2010
Current assets    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 46,848 $ 56,771
Restricted cash 15,000 15,000
Trade accounts receivable, net 7,721 2,008
Related party receivables 0 69
Other receivables 3,674 1,189
Inventories 3,791 1,492
Voyage in progress 931 0
Prepaid expenses and accrued income 3,413 1,399
Total current assets 81,378 77,928
Vessels, net 436,273 459,032
Deferred charges 2,110 2,629
Other long term assets 1,458 2,364
Total assets 521,219 541,953
Current liabilities    
Current portion of long-term debt 3,600 3,600
Related party payables 319 0
Trade accounts payable 2,056 3,867
Accrued expenses 4,514 3,514
Other current liabilities 658 1,331
Total current liabilities 11,147 12,312
Long-term liabilities    
Long-term debt 150,140 153,740
Total liabilities 161,287 166,052
Commitments and contingencies      
Equity    
Share capital (24,425,699 shares outstanding, par value $0.01) 244 244
Additional paid in capital 131,256 131,026
Contributed capital surplus 179,019 179,019
Retained earnings 49,413 65,612
Total equity 359,932 375,901
Total liabilities and equity $ 521,219 $ 541,953
XML 28 R17.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
DEFERRED CHARGES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
DEFERRED CHARGES [Abstract]  
DEFERRED CHARGES
10.   DEFERRED CHARGES

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
  
2010
 
Capitalized financing fees and expenses
  3,414   3,335 
Accumulated amortization
  (1,304)  (706)
    2,110   2,629 

Debt arrangement fees of $0.1 million were capitalized during the year.
XML 29 R1.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
Document And Entity Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Entity Registrant Name KNIGHTSBRIDGE TANKERS LTD
Entity Central Index Key 0001029145
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer No
Entity Voluntary Filers No
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes
Entity Filer Category Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding 24,425,699
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2011
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY
Document Type 20-F
Amendment Flag false
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2011
XML 30 R18.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS [Abstract]  
OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS
11.   OTHER LONG TERM ASSETS

Other long term assets represents the unamortized portion of the time charter taken over upon the acquisition of the Golden Zhejiang, which is being amortized over the period of the time charter on a straight line basis. An amount of $0.8 million (2010: $0.8 million) is included in Prepaid Expenses and Accrued Income in this respect.
XML 31 R4.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) (USD $)
Dec. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2010
Equity    
Share capital, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Share capital, shares outstanding (in shares) 24,425,699 24,425,699
XML 32 R12.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
SEGMENT INFORMATION
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
SEGMENT INFORMATION [Abstract]  
SEGMENT INFORMATION
5.   SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company and the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") measure performance based on the Company's overall return to shareholders based on consolidated net income. The CODM does not review a measure of operating result at a lower level than the consolidated group. Consequently, the Company has only one reportable segment: tankers.  The tankers segment includes crude oil tanker vessels and dry bulk vessels. Both types of vessel are managed as part of this one segment.
 
The Company's vessels operate worldwide and therefore management does not evaluate performance by geographical region as this information is not meaningful. The Company has been operating in two markets since 2009. We operate in the tanker and dry bulk carrier markets as an international provider of seaborne transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes. An analysis of revenues from these services is as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
 
2011
 
 
 
2010
 
2009
Total operating revenues – tanker market
 
 
39,020
 
 
 
55,072
 
58,860
Total operating revenues – dry bulk carrier market
 
 
55,497
 
 
 
40,825
 
8,479

In 2011, six customers accounted for $83.2 million or 88% of gross revenues. In 2010, three customers accounted for $61.7 million or 64% of gross revenues and in 2009, two customers accounted for $45.0 million or 67% of gross revenues.
XML 33 R11.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
TAXATION
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
TAXATION [Abstract]  
TAXATION
4.   TAXATION

The Company is incorporated in Bermuda. Under current Bermuda law, the Company is not required to pay taxes in Bermuda on either income or capital gains. The Company has received written assurance from the Minister of Finance in Bermuda that, in the event of any such taxes being imposed, the Company will be exempted from taxation until March 31, 2035. Based upon review of applicable laws and regulations, and after consultation with counsel, the Company does not believe it is subject to material income taxes in any jurisdiction.
XML 34 R23.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS [Abstract]  
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
16.   FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Interest rate risk management
In certain situations, the Company may enter into financial instruments to reduce the risk associated with fluctuations in interest rates. The Company does not hold or issue instruments for speculative or trading purposes. As at December 31, 2011, the Company is not party to any interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate exposure.

Foreign currency risk
The majority of the Company's transactions, assets and liabilities are denominated in United States dollars, the functional currency of the Company. There is no significant risk that currency fluctuations will have a negative effect of the value of the Company's cash flows.

Fair values
The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company's financial instruments at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:
 
 
 
2011
 
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
2010
 
 
(in thousands of $)
 
Fair
Value
 
 
Carrying
Value
 
 
Fair
Value
 
 
Carrying
 Value
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
 
46,848
 
 
 
46,848
 
 
 
56,771
 
 
 
56,771
 
Restricted cash
 
 
15,000
 
 
 
15,000
 
 
 
15,000
 
 
 
15,000
 
Floating rate debt
 
 
153,740
 
 
 
153,740
 
 
 
157,340
 
 
 
157,340
 

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The estimated fair value for floating rate long-term debt is considered to be equal to the carrying value since it bears variable interest rates, which are reset on a quarterly basis.
 
Concentrations of risk
There is a concentration of credit risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents to the extent that substantially all of the amounts are carried with Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, DnB and Nordea Bank Norge ASA. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk.

XML 35 R19.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
ACCRUED EXPENSES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
ACCRUED EXPENSES [Abstract]  
ACCRUED EXPENSES
12.   ACCRUED EXPENSES

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
  
2010
 
Voyage expenses
  2,315   584 
Ship operating expenses
  1,329   1,916 
Administrative expenses
  295   515 
Interest expense
  575   499 
 
  4,514   3,514 

 
XML 36 R15.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET [Abstract]  
TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
8.   TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET

Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowance for doubtful accounts amounting to $1.9 million (2010: $0.2 million).
XML 37 R13.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
EARNINGS PER SHARE
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
EARNINGS PER SHARE [Abstract]  
EARNINGS PER SHARE
6.   EARNINGS PER SHARE

The computation of basic earnings per share is based on net income and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year of 24,425,699, 19,120,285 and 17,100,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The computation of diluted earnings per share in 2011 is based on the weighted average number of shares of 24,578,031. The restricted stock units granted on December 29, 2010 did not have a dilutive effect in 2010. There were no potentially dilutive securities outstanding in 2009.
XML 38 R14.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
LEASES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
LEASES [Abstract]  
LEASES
7.   LEASES

The minimum future revenues to be received on time charter and bareboat charters, which are accounted for as operating leases as of December 31, 2011 are as follows. These minimum future revenues exclude payments that are based on market rates and indices.

(in thousands of $)
 
 
  
Year ending December 31,
    
2012
  68,513 
2013
  49,438 
2014
  32,702 
2015
  3,600 
2016
  - 
Thereafter
  - 
    154,253 
 
As of December 31, 2011, seven of the Company's vessels are leased out to third parties on time and bareboat charters for initial periods ranging from 2.5 to 5 years. All the vessels are leased out on operating leases.

The cost and accumulated depreciation of vessels leased to third parties at December 31, 2011 were $569.9 million and $171.5 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2010 were $657.9 million and $198.9 million, respectively.
 
XML 39 R16.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
VESSELS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
VESSELS [Abstract]  
VESSELS
9.   VESSELS

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
  
2010
 
Cost
  657,890   657,890 
Accumulated amortization
  (221,617)  (198,858)
    436,273   459,032 

In 2010, the Company purchased two 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carriers with existing time charters at a cost of $134.2 million, excluding the value of the time charters.

Depreciation expense was $22.8 million, $19.6 million and $14.3 million in the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
XML 40 R21.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
SHARE CAPITAL
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
SHARE CAPITAL [Abstract]  
SHARE CAPITAL
14.  SHARE CAPITAL

Authorized share capital:
      
(in thousands of $ except for per share amounts)
 
2011
  
2010
 
50 million (2010: 35 million) common shares of $0.01 each
  500   350 

At the Annual General Meeting in September 2011, a resolution was passed to increase the authorized share capital from $350,000 to $500,000 divided into common shares of $0.01 par value each.

Issued and fully paid share capital:
      
(in thousands of $)
 
2011
  
2010
 
At January 1
  244   171 
Issued during the year
  -   73 
At December 31
  244   244 

In July 2010, 1,464,515 shares were issued to Golden Ocean Group Limited ("Golden Ocean") at $17.07 per share as part of the purchase consideration for the 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier, Golden Future. In October 2010, the Company issued 4,887,500 new shares at $19.00 through a public offering and issued 973,684 shares to Golden Ocean at $19.00 per share as part of the purchase consideration for the 2010-built Capesize dry bulk carrier, Golden Zhejiang.
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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES [Abstract]  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
19.   COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The General Manager insures the legal liability risks for the Company's shipping activities with Assuranceforeningen SKULD, Assuranceforeningen Gard Gjensidig and Britannia Steam Ship Insurance Association Limited, all mutual protection and indemnity associations. The Company is subject to calls payable to the associations based on the Company's claims record in addition to the claims records of all other members of the associations. A contingent liability exists to the extent that the claims records of the members of the associations in the aggregate show significant deterioration, which result in additional calls on the members.
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (USD $)
In Thousands, unless otherwise specified
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows [Abstract]      
Net income $ 32,652 $ 38,557 $ 21,680
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation 22,759 19,567 14,344
Amortization of deferred charges 599 652 188
Amortization of time charter contract value 845 152 0
Restricted stock unit expense 230 0 0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Trade accounts receivable, net (5,713) 2,428 (1,692)
Related party balances 388 (69) 0
Other receivables (2,485) (527) (215)
Inventories (2,299) 1,675 (1,945)
Voyages in progress (931) 2,679 (2,679)
Prepaid expenses and accrued income (1,955) (197) 59
Trade accounts payable (1,811) 202 (1,761)
Accrued expenses 1,000 (2,522) 4,741
Other current liabilities (672) (126) 1,842
Net cash provided by operating activities 42,607 62,471 34,562
Investing activities      
Changes in restricted cash 0 (5,000) 0
Additions to newbuildings 0 (3,600) (116,475)
Purchase of vessels 0 (94,000) 0
Net cash used in investing activities 0 (102,600) (116,475)
Financing activities      
Proceeds from long-term debt 0 205,740 60,000
Repayment of long-term debt (3,600) (168,880) (42,560)
Debt fees paid (79) (2,061) (1,286)
Net proceeds from share issuance 0 87,602 0
Dividends paid (48,851) (33,465) (4,275)
Net (used in) provided by financing activities (52,530) 88,936 11,879
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (9,923) 48,807 (70,034)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 56,771 7,964 77,998
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 46,848 56,771 7,964
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:      
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest $ 4,287 $ 3,598 $ 1,364
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NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS [Abstract]  
NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
3.  NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-04 "Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in US GAAP and IFRSs". In general, ASU 2011-04 clarifies the FASB's intent about the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements, and for many of these requirements the amendments are not intended to result in any change in the application of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 820 ("Fair Value Measurement"). At the same time, there are some amendments that do change particular principles or requirements relating to fair value measurement and disclosure.  ASU 2011-04 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05 "Presentation of Comprehensive Income" in order to improve the comparability, consistency and transparency of financial reporting and to increase the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income. ASU 2011-05 eliminates the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity, and requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, although early adoption is permitted. Its adoption will affect the presentation of the Company's financial statements, but is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. ASU 2011-05 also included the requirement to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statement(s) in which the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income are presented. Owing to concerns raised about difficulties in its implementation, this latter requirement has been deferred for further consideration, through the issue by the FASB in December 2011 of ASU 2011-12 "Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05".  Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
 
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11 "Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities" in order to standardize the disclosure requirements under US GAAP and IFRS relating to both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in financial statements. ASU 2011-11 is applicable for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Its adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's disclosures.
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SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS [Abstract]  
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
20.   SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
 
On January 9, 2012, the Company announced an amendment to the time charter with Frontline Ltd. for the Hampstead. The time charter hire has been reduced from $37,750 per day to $27,050 per day for the remaining period of the charter commencing January 1, 2012 until April 22, 2012, the date when the vessel was re-delivered to us. The Company is entitled to be compensated if actual earnings exceed the new rate up to and including the original rate. There was no compensation for the first quarter of 2012.
 
On February 7, 2012, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.50 per share. The record date for the dividend was February 23, 2012, the ex dividend date was February 21, 2012 and the dividend was paid on March 8, 2012.
 
On March 12, 2012, the Company issued a press release announcing that Sanko Steamship Co., Ltd. ("Sanko") has requested that the Company agree to a deferral in payments of charter hire in respect of the Battersea. Sanko has also issued a press release stating that it intends to meet all financial obligations and to restructure and strengthen its balance sheet. The Company has been informed that Sanko is planning to present formal rehabilitation proposals to stakeholders at meeting in early June 2012.
 
In March 2012, the Company agreed an amendment to the time charter for the Belgravia with Jiangsu Shagang Group Co., Ltd ("Shagang") whereby (i) the sum of $95,000 shall be deducted from future charter hire payments, which are each payable 15 days in advance,  until the amount of $5.7 million has been deducted, and (ii) the sum of $5.0 million shall be pre-paid in one or more installments no later than five months following receipt by Shagang of a guarantee to be provided in accordance with the amendment.
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DEBT
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
DEBT [Abstract]  
DEBT
13.   DEBT
 
(in thousands of $)
 
2011
  
2010
 
U.S. dollar denominated floating rate debt:
 
 
  
 
 
-$58 $58.24 Million Loan
  53,740   57,340 
-$17 $175 Million Loan
  100,000   100,000 
Total debt
  153,740   157,340 
Less: current portion
  (3,600)  (3,600)
 
  150,140   153,740 

The average interest rate for the floating rate debt was 2.76% for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 2.68% for the year ended December 31, 2010.

$140 Million Loan
In March 2004, the Company refinanced a prior debt facility with a $140.0 million credit facility in the form of five tranches of $28.0 million, each in respect of a VLCC in the fleet at the time (including all VLCC vessels in the current fleet). One tranche was repaid upon the sale of the related vessel in 2007. The credit facility was secured by, among other things, a mortgage on each VLCC and an assignment of any charter in respect of that VLCC. The repayment terms of the facility were seven years. The credit facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin was repaid in July 2010.

$60 Million Loan
In August 2009, the Company entered into a four year term loan facility agreement consisting of two tranches of $30.0 million each. In August 2009, the Company drew down $30.0 million and in October 2009, the Company drew down the second tranche of $30.0 million. The loans were secured by, among other things, a mortgage on two Capesize vessels and an assignment of any charters in respect to those vessels. The $60 Million Loan bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin and was repaid in December 2010.

$105 Million Loan ($60 Million Loan extension)
In July 2010, the $60 Million Loan was extended to $105 million. The Company drew down $47.5 million which was repaid in December 2010.

$58.24 Million Loan
In July 2010, the Company entered into a $58.24 million credit facility consisting of four tranches of $14.56 million each in respect of the VLCC vessels in the fleet. Repayments are made on a quarterly basis with a balloon payment at the final maturity date in June 2015. As of December 31, 2011, the outstanding balance was $53.74 million. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin.

$175 Million Loan
In December 2010, the Company refinanced the $105 million loan facility and entered into a $175 million credit facility consisting of four tranches of $25.0 million each in respect of the Capesize vessels and a revolving debt facility of $75 million. The loan is repayable in May 2015. As of December 31, 2011, the outstanding balance was $100.0 million. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin. The revolving debt facility of $75 million was available but undrawn at December 31, 2011.

The Company's loan agreements contain loan-to-value clauses, which could require the Company, at its option, to post additional collateral or prepay a portion of the outstanding borrowings should the value of the vessels securing borrowings under each of such agreements decrease below required levels. In addition, the loan agreements include certain financial covenants including the requirement to maintain a certain level of free cash and failure to comply with any of the covenants in the loan agreements could result in a default under those agreements and under other agreements containing cross-default provisions. The Company was in compliance with all of the financial covenants contained in the Company's loan agreements as of December 31, 2011.

In addition, pursuant to the Company's $58.24 million $175 million credit facilities, none of its vessel owning subsidiaries may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of their interests in the vessels they own without the prior written consent of the applicable lenders unless, in the case of a vessel sale, the outstanding borrowings under the credit facility applicable to that vessel are repaid in full.
 
The outstanding debt as of December 31, 2011 is repayable as follows:
 
(in thousands of $)
   
Year ending December 31,
   
2012
  3,600 
2013
  3,600 
2014
  3,600 
2015
  142,940 
2016
  - 
Thereafter
  - 
    153,740