Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The fair value of an asset or liability is the exchange price that would be received to sell that asset or paid to transfer that liability in an orderly transaction occurring in the principal market (or most advantageous market in the absence of a principal market) for such asset or liability. Inputs to valuation techniques include the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

•Level 1 Inputs - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

•Level 2 Inputs - Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, volatilities, prepayment speeds, credit risks, etc.) or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means.

•Level 3 Inputs - Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

Fair value on a recurring basis

The following table summarizes financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value.


	December 31, 2021
($ in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Assets
Securities available-for-sale
Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	173,511	$	—	$	173,511
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	—		575,084		—		575,084
Residential mortgage-backed securities	—		513,859		—		513,859
Corporate debt securities	—		12,382		—		12,382
U.S. Treasury Bills	—		91,170		—		91,170
Total securities available-for-sale	—		1,366,006		—		1,366,006

Other investments	—		3,012		—		3,012
Derivative financial instruments	—		12,869		—		12,869
Total assets	$	—	$	1,381,887	$	—	$	1,381,887

Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	15,794	$	—	$	15,794
Total liabilities	$	—	$	15,794	$	—	$	15,794


	December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Assets
Securities available-for-sale
Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	15,161	$	—	$	15,161
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	—		344,232		—		344,232
Residential mortgage-backed securities	—		526,572		—		526,572
Corporate debt securities	—		14,998		—		14,998
U.S. Treasury Bills	—		11,466		—		11,466
Total securities available-for-sale	—		912,429		—		912,429


Derivative financial instruments	—		28,703		—		28,703
Total assets	$	—	$	941,132	$	—	$	941,132

Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	34,967	$	—	$	34,967
Total liabilities	$	—	$	34,967	$	—	$	34,967

•Securities available-for-sale. Securities classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. Fair values for Level 2 securities are based upon dealer quotes, market spreads, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions at the security level. Changes in fair value are recognized through accumulated other comprehensive income.

•Derivatives. Derivatives are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The Company obtains counterparty quotations to value its interest rate swaps and caps. In addition, the Company validates the counterparty quotations with third-party valuation sources. Derivatives with negative fair values are included in Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Derivatives with positive fair value are included in Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of client-related derivative instruments are recognized through net income. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the gains and losses substantially offset each other due to the Company’s hedging of the client swaps with other bank counterparties.

Fair value on a non-recurring basis

Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).

•Impaired loans. On a quarterly basis, fair value adjustments are recorded as necessary on impaired loans to account for (1) partial write-downs based on the current appraised or market-quoted value of the underlying collateral or (2) the full charge-off of the loan carrying value. In some cases, the properties for which market quotes or appraised values have been obtained are located in areas where comparable sales data is limited, outdated, or unavailable. In addition, the Company may adjust the valuations based on other relevant market conditions or information. Accordingly, fair value estimates, including those obtained from real estate brokers or other third-party consultants, for collateral-dependent impaired loans are classified in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.

•Other real estate. These assets are reported at the lower of the loan carrying amount at foreclosure or fair value. Fair value is based on third party appraisals of each property and the Company’s judgment of other relevant market conditions. These are considered Level 3 inputs.

•Loan servicing asset. The loan servicing asset is included in Other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and assessed for impairment on a quarterly basis. Market-based cash flow modeling and discounting models specific to the SBA industry are provided by a third-party valuation service and are considered Level 2 inputs.

The following table presents financial instruments and non-financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.


	December 31, 2021
	(1)		(1)		(1)		(1)
($ in thousands)	Total Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total losses for the year ended December 31, 2021
Impaired loans	$	6,406	$	—	$	—	$	6,406	$	3,500
Other real estate	632		—		—		632		29
Loan servicing asset	3,146				$	3,146	$	—	$	156
Total	$	10,184	$	—	$	3,146	$	7,038	$	3,685


	December 31, 2020
	(1)		(1)		(1)		(1)
($ in thousands)	Total Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total losses for the year ended December 31, 2020
Impaired loans	$	1,247	$	—	$	—	$	1,247	$	4,486
Other real estate	3,600		—		—		3,600		1,000
Total	$	4,847	$	—	$	—	$	4,847	$	5,486

(1) The amounts represent balances measured at fair value during the period and still held as of the reporting date.

Carrying amount and fair value at December 31, 2021 and 2020

Following is a summary of the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments on the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2021 and 2020. This summary excludes certain financial assets and liabilities for which carrying value approximates fair value and financial instruments that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis disclosed above. Financial instruments for which carrying values approximate fair value include cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, interest bearing deposits, accrued interest receivable/payable, demand, savings and money market deposits.


	December 31, 2021					December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Estimated fair value		Level	Carrying Amount		Estimated fair value		Level
Balance sheet assets




Securities held-to-maturity	$	429,681	$	434,672	Level 2	$	487,610	$	501,523	Level 2
Other investments	56,884		56,884		Level 2	48,764		48,764		Level 2
Loans held-for-sale	6,389		6,389		Level 2	13,564		13,564		Level 2

Loans, net	8,872,601		8,869,891		Level 3	7,088,264		7,067,562		Level 3
State tax credits, held-for-sale	27,994		30,686		Level 3	36,853		39,925		Level 3
Servicing asset	6,714		6,714		Level 2	5,721		5,721		Level 2

Balance sheet liabilities
Certificates of deposit	$	608,293	$	606,177	Level 3	$	550,095	$	553,946	Level 3
Subordinated debentures and notes	154,899		155,972		Level 2	203,637		192,889		Level 2
FHLB advances	50,000		51,527		Level 2	50,000		51,871		Level 2
Other borrowings	353,863		353,863		Level 2	301,081		301,081		Level 2

Limitations

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, and therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Such estimates include the valuation of loans, goodwill, intangible assets, and other long-lived assets, along with assumptions used in the calculation of income taxes, among others. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Such estimates and assumptions are adjusted when facts and circumstances dictate. Changing real estate values, illiquid credit markets, volatile equity markets, and declines in consumer spending have combined to increase the uncertainty inherent in such estimates and assumptions. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future periods. In addition, these estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Fair value estimates are based on existing on-balance and off-balance-sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of

anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in many of the estimates.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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