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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes We elected to be treated as a REIT and believe that we have been organized and have operated in such a manner to maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal and state income tax purposes. As a REIT, we are generally not subject to corporate level federal income taxes on earnings distributed to our stockholders. Since inception, we have distributed at least 100% of our taxable income annually. Accordingly, we have not included any provisions for federal income taxes related to the REIT in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
Certain of our subsidiaries have elected taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) status. A TRS may provide certain services considered impermissible for REITs and may hold assets that REITs may not hold directly. We also own real property in jurisdictions outside the United States through foreign subsidiaries and are subject to income taxes on our pre-tax income earned from properties in such countries. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include an interim tax provision for our TRSs and foreign subsidiaries, as necessary, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Current income tax expense was $9.4 million and $8.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $33.0 million and $23.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Deferred income tax benefit (expense) was $4.3 million and less than $(0.1) million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $2.7 million and $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.