Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Consolidation Our consolidated financial statements reflect all of our accounts, including those of our controlled subsidiaries. The portion of equity in a consolidated subsidiary that is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to us is presented as noncontrolling interests. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The consolidated financial statements include the historical results of our predecessor prior to the REIT Reorganization and the CPA^®:15 Merger. When we obtain an economic interest in an entity, we evaluate the entity to determine if it is deemed a VIE and, if so, whether we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and are therefore required to consolidate the entity. We apply accounting guidance for consolidation of VIEs to certain entities in which the equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. Fixed price purchase and renewal options within a lease as well as certain decision-making rights within a loan can cause us to consider an entity a VIE. We review the contractual arrangements provided for in the partnership agreement or other related contracts to determine whether the entity is considered a VIE, and to establish whether we have any variable interests in the VIE. We then compare our variable interests, if any, to those of the other variable interest holders to determine which party is the primary beneficiary of a VIE based on whether the entity (i) has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE, and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. For an entity that is not considered to be a VIE, the general partners in a limited partnership (or similar entity) are presumed to control the entity regardless of the level of their ownership and, accordingly, may be required to consolidate the entity. We evaluate the partnership agreements or other relevant contracts to determine whether there are provisions in the agreements that would overcome this presumption. If the agreements provide the limited partners with either (a) the substantive ability to dissolve or liquidate the limited partnership or otherwise remove the general partners without cause or (b) substantive participating rights, the limited partners’ rights overcome the presumption of control by a general partner of the limited partnership, and, therefore, the general partner must account for its investment in the limited partnership using the equity method of accounting. We have investments in tenancy-in-common interests in various domestic and international properties. Consolidation of these investments is not required as such interests do not qualify as VIEs and do not meet the control requirement required for consolidation. Accordingly, we account for these investments using the equity method of accounting. We use the equity method of accounting because the shared decision-making involved in a tenancy-in-common interest investment provides us with significant influence on the operating and financial decisions of these investments. Additionally, we own interests in single-tenant net lease properties leased to companies through noncontrolling interests in partnerships and limited liability companies that we do not control but over which we exercise significant influence. We account for these investments under the equity method of accounting. At times, the carrying value of our equity investments may fall below zero for certain investments. We intend to fund our share of the jointly-owned investments’ future operating deficits should the need arise. However, we have no legal obligation to pay for any of the liabilities of such investments nor do we have any legal obligation to fund operating deficits. In November 2012, we filed a registration statement with the SEC to sell up to $1.0 billion of common stock of CPA^®:18 – Global in an initial public offering plus up to an additional $400.0 million of its common stock under a dividend reinvestment plan. This registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on May 7, 2013. Through July 25, 2013, the financial activity of CPA^®:18 – Global, which at that time had no significant assets, liabilities or operations, was included in our consolidated financial statements as we owned 100% of its outstanding common stock. On July 25, 2013, upon CPA^®:18 – Global reaching its minimum offering proceeds and admitting new stockholders, our ownership of its outstanding common stock was immediately reduced to 8.5%, and we deconsolidated CPA^®:18 – Global and began to account for our interests in it under the equity method. As its advisor, we do not exert control over, but we have the ability to exercise significant influence on, CPA^®:18 – Global (Note 7). Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. The consolidated financial statements included in this Report have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the disposition (or planned disposition) of certain properties as discontinued operations and certain adjustments related to purchase price allocation for all periods presented. Accounting for Acquisitions In accordance with the guidance for business combinations, we determine whether a transaction or other event is a business combination, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. Each business combination is then accounted for by applying the acquisition method. If the assets acquired are not a business, we account for the transaction or other event as an asset acquisition. Under both methods, we recognize the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired entity. In addition, for transactions that are business combinations, we evaluate the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. We immediately expense acquisition-related costs and fees associated with business combinations. Purchase Price Allocation When we acquire properties with leases classified as operating leases, we allocate the purchase price to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired based on their estimated fair values. We determine the value of the tangible assets, consisting of land, buildings, and site improvements, and intangible assets, including the above- and below-market value of leases and the value of in-place leases at their estimated fair values. Land is typically valued utilizing the sales comparison (or market approach). Buildings are valued, as if vacant, using the cost and/or income approach. Site improvements are valued using the cost approach. The fair value of real estate is determined by reference to portfolio appraisals which determines their values, on a property level, by applying a discounted cash flow analysis to the estimated net operating income, or NOI, for each property in the portfolio during the remaining anticipated lease term, and the estimated residual value. The estimated residual value of each property is based on a hypothetical sale of the property upon expiration of a lease factoring in the re-tenanting of such property at estimated current market rental rates, applying a selected capitalization rate and deducting estimated costs of sale. The discount rates and residual capitalization rates used to value the properties are selected based on several factors, including the creditworthiness of the lessees, industry surveys, property type, location and age, current lease rates relative to market lease rates and anticipated lease duration. In the case where a tenant has a purchase option deemed to be materially favorable to the tenant, or the tenant has long-term renewal options at rental rates below estimated market rental rates, the appraisal assumes the exercise of such purchase option or long-term renewal options in its determination of residual value. Where a property is deemed to have excess land, the discounted cash flow analysis includes the estimated excess land value at the assumed expiration of the lease, based upon an analysis of comparable land sales or listings in the general market area of the property grown at estimated market growth rates through the year of lease expiration. For those properties that are under contract for sale, the appraised value of the portfolio reflects the current contractual sale price of such properties. See Real Estate Leased to Others and Depreciation below for a discussion of our significant accounting policies related to tangible assets. We record above- and below-market lease values for owned properties based on the present value (using a discount rate reflecting the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated and in place at the time of acquisition of the properties and (ii) our estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or equivalent property, both of which are measured over a period equal to the estimated lease term which includes renewal options with rental rates below estimated market rental rates. We amortize the capitalized above-market lease value as a reduction of rental income over the estimated market lease term. We amortize the capitalized below-market lease value as an increase to rental income over the initial term and any fixed rate renewal periods in the respective leases. We include the value of below-market leases in Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. We measure the fair value of the below-market purchase option liability we acquired in connection with the Merger as the excess of the present value of the fair value of the real estate over the present value of the tenant’s exercise price at the option date. The value of any in-place lease is estimated to be equal to the property owners’ avoidance of costs necessary to release the property for a lease term equal to the remaining primary in-place lease term and the value of investment grade tenancy. The cost avoidance to the property owners’ of vacancy/leasing costs necessary to lease the property for a lease term equal to the remaining in-place lease term is derived first by determining the in-place lease term on the subject lease. Then, based on our review of the market, the cost to be borne by a property owner to replicate a market lease to the remaining in-place term is estimated. These costs consist of: (i) rent lost during downtime (i.e. assumed periods of vacancy), (ii) estimated expenses that would be incurred by the property owner during periods of vacancy (iii) rent concessions (i.e. free rent) (iv) leasing commissions and (v) tenant improvements allowances given to tenants. We determine these values using our estimates or by relying in part upon third-party appraisals. We amortize the capitalized value of in-place lease intangibles to expense over the remaining initial term of each lease. No amortization period for intangibles will exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building. If a lease is terminated, we charge the unamortized portion of above- and below-market lease values to lease revenue, and in-place lease and tenant relationship values to amortization expense. We amortize the capitalized value of in-place lease intangibles and tenant relationships to expense over the respective term of each lease. When we acquire leveraged properties, the fair value of debt instruments assumed is determined using a discounted cash flow model with rates that take into account the credit of the tenants, where applicable, and interest rate risk. Such resulting premium or discount is amortized over the remaining term of the obligation. We also consider the value of the underlying collateral, taking into account the quality of the collateral, the credit quality of the tenant, the time until maturity and the current interest rate. Goodwill In the case of a business combination, after identifying all tangible and intangible assets and liabilities, the excess consideration paid over the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired and assumed, respectively, represents goodwill. We allocated goodwill to the respective reporting units in which such goodwill arose. Goodwill acquired in the CPA^®:15 Merger was attributed to the Real Estate Ownership segment which comprises one reporting unit. In the event we dispose of a property that constitutes a business under GAAP from a reporting unit with goodwill, we allocate a portion of the reporting unit’s goodwill to that business in determining the gain or loss on the disposal of the business. The amount of goodwill allocated to the business is based on the relative fair value of the business to the fair value of the reporting unit. Operating Real Estate We carry land and buildings and personal property at cost less accumulated depreciation. We capitalize improvements and significant renovations that increase the useful life of the properties, while we expense replacements, maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets as incurred. Assets Held for Sale We classify those assets that are associated with operating leases as held for sale when we have entered into a contract to sell the property, all material due diligence requirements have been satisfied and we believe it is probable that the disposition will occur within one year. Assets held for sale are recorded at the lower of carrying value or estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell. The results of operations and the related gain or loss on sale of properties that have been sold or that are classified as held for sale and in which we will have no significant continuing involvement are included in discontinued operations (Note 17). If circumstances arise that we previously considered unlikely and, as a result, we decide not to sell a property previously classified as held for sale, we reclassify the property as held and used. We measure and record a property that is reclassified as held and used at the lower of (i) its carrying amount before the property was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the property been continuously classified as held and used or (ii) the estimated fair value at the date of the subsequent decision not to sell. We recognize gains and losses on the sale of properties when, among other criteria, we no longer have continuing involvement, the parties are bound by the terms of the contract, all consideration has been exchanged and all conditions precedent to closing have been performed. At the time the sale is consummated, a gain or loss is recognized as the difference between the sale price, less any selling costs, and the carrying value of the property. Cash and Cash Equivalents We consider all short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to cash and have a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Items classified as cash equivalents include commercial paper and money market funds. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in the custody of several financial institutions, and these balances, at times, exceed federally insurable limits. We seek to mitigate this risk by depositing funds only with major financial institutions. Internal-Use Software Development Costs We expense costs associated with the assessment stage of software development projects. Upon completion of the preliminary project assessment stage, we capitalize internal and external costs associated with the application development stage, including the costs associated with software that allows for the conversion of our old data to our new system. We expense the costs of training and data conversion. We also expense costs associated with the post-implementation and operation stage, including maintenance and specified upgrades; however, we capitalize internal and external costs associated with significant upgrades to existing systems that result in additional functionality. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the software’s estimated useful life, which is three to five years. Periodically, we reassess the useful life considering technology, obsolescence and other factors. Other Assets and Liabilities We include prepaid expenses, deferred rental income, tenant receivables, deferred charges, escrow balances held by lenders, restricted cash balances, marketable securities, derivative assets, other intangible assets and corporate fixed assets in Other assets. We include derivative instruments; miscellaneous amounts held on behalf of tenants; and deferred revenue in Other liabilities. Deferred charges are costs incurred in connection with mortgage financings and refinancings that are amortized over the terms of the mortgages and included in Interest expense in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred rental income is the aggregate cumulative difference for operating leases between scheduled rents that vary during the lease term, and rent recognized on a straight-line basis. Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses on these securities reported as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss) until realized. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts We consider direct financing leases to be past-due or delinquent when a contractually required principal or interest payment is not remitted in accordance with the provisions of the underlying agreement. We evaluate each account individually and set up an allowance when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the existing contractual terms, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Revenue Recognition Real Estate Leased to Others We lease real estate to others primarily on a triple-net leased basis, whereby the tenant is generally responsible for all operating expenses relating to the property, including property taxes, insurance, maintenance, repairs and improvements. We charge expenditures for maintenance and repairs, including routine betterments, to operations as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, although we are legally obligated for payment pursuant to our lease agreements with our tenants, lessees were responsible for the direct payment to the taxing authorities of real estate taxes of approximately $37.3 million, $18.7 million and $6.4 million, respectively. Substantially all of our leases provide for either scheduled rent increases, periodic rent adjustments based on formulas indexed to changes in the CPI or similar indices or percentage rents. CPI-based adjustments are contingent on future events and are therefore not included in straight-line rent calculations. We recognize rents from percentage rents as reported by the lessees, which is after the level of sales requiring a rental payment to us is reached. Percentage rents were insignificant for the periods presented. We account for leases as operating or direct financing leases, as described below: Operating leases — We record real estate at cost less accumulated depreciation; we recognize future minimum rental revenue on a straight-line basis over the non-cancelable lease term of the related leases and charge expenses to operations as incurred (Note 5). Direct financing method — We record leases accounted for under the direct financing method at their net investment (Note 5). We defer and amortize unearned income to income over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on our net investment in the lease. Investment Management Operations We earn structuring revenue and asset management revenue in connection with providing services to the Managed REITs. We earn structuring revenue for services we provide in connection with the analysis, negotiation and structuring of transactions, including acquisitions and dispositions and the placement of mortgage financing obtained by the Managed REITs. Asset management revenue consists of property management, leasing and advisory revenue. Receipt of the incentive revenue portion of the asset management revenue or performance revenue, however, which we received from CPA^®:15 prior to the date of the CPA^®:15 Merger on September 28, 2012 and from CPA^®:14 and CPA^®:16 – Global prior to the CPA^®:14/16 Merger on May 2, 2011, was subordinated to the achievement of specified cumulative return requirements by the stockholders of those CPA^® REITs. At our option, the performance revenue could be collected in cash or shares of the CPA^® REIT (Note 4). In addition, we earn subordinated incentive and disposition revenue related to the disposition of properties. We may also earn termination revenue in connection with the termination of the advisory agreements for the Managed REITs. We recognize all revenue as earned. We earn structuring revenue upon the consummation of a transaction and asset management revenue when services are performed. We recognize revenue subject to subordination only when the performance criteria of the Managed REIT is achieved and contractual limitations are not exceeded. We earned subordinated disposition and incentive revenue from CPA^®:15 until the completion of the CPA^®:15 Merger on September 28, 2012 (Note 4), through which its stockholders received their initial investment plus a specified preferred return. We may earn termination revenue if a liquidity event is consummated by any of the other Managed REITs. As a condition of the CPA^®:15 Merger and CPA^®:16 Merger, we waived the subordinated disposition and termination fees that we would have been entitled to receive from CPA^®:15 and CPA^®:16 - Global upon their liquidation pursuant to the terms of our advisory agreements with CPA^®:15 and CPA^®:16 - Global, respectively (Note 4). We are also reimbursed for certain costs incurred in providing services, including broker-dealer commissions paid on behalf of the Managed REITs, marketing costs and the cost of personnel provided for the administration of the Managed REITs. We record reimbursement income as the expenses are incurred, subject to limitations on a Managed REIT’s ability to incur offering costs. Depreciation We compute depreciation of building and related improvements using the straight-line method over the estimated remaining useful lives of the properties (not to exceed 40 years) and furniture, fixtures and equipment (generally up to seven years). We compute depreciation of tenant improvements using the straight-line method over the lesser of the remaining term of the lease or the estimated useful life. Impairments We periodically assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our long-lived assets, including goodwill, may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. These impairment indicators include, but are not limited to, the vacancy of a property that is not subject to a lease; a lease default by a tenant that is experiencing financial difficulty; the termination of a lease by a tenant; or the rejection of a lease in a bankruptcy proceeding. We may incur impairment charges on long-lived assets, including real estate, direct financing leases, assets held for sale and equity investments in real estate. We may also incur impairment charges on marketable securities and goodwill. Our policies for evaluating whether these assets are impaired are presented below. Real Estate For real estate assets, which include intangibles, in which an impairment indicator is identified, we follow a two-step process to determine whether an asset is impaired and to determine the amount of the charge. First, we compare the carrying value of the property’s asset group to the future net undiscounted cash flow that we expect the property’s asset group will generate, including any estimated proceeds from the eventual sale of the property’s asset group. The undiscounted cash flow analysis requires us to make our best estimate of, among other things, market rents, residual values, and holding periods. Depending on the assumptions made and estimates used, the future cash flow projected in the evaluation of long-lived assets can vary within a range of outcomes. We consider the likelihood of possible outcomes in determining our estimate of future cash flows. If the future net undiscounted cash flow of the property’s asset group is less than the carrying value, the property’s asset group is considered to be impaired. We then measure the loss as the excess of the carrying value of the property’s asset group over its estimated fair value. Direct Financing Leases We review our direct financing leases at least annually to determine whether there has been an other-than-temporary decline in the current estimate of residual value of the property. The residual value is our estimate of what we could realize upon the sale of the property at the end of the lease term, based on market information. If this review indicates that a decline in residual value has occurred that is other-than-temporary, we recognize an impairment charge equal to the difference between the fair value and carrying amount of the residual value. Assets Held for Sale When we classify an asset as held for sale, we compare the asset’s estimated fair value less estimated cost to sell to its carrying value, and if the estimated fair value less estimated cost to sell is less than the property’s carrying value, we reduce the carrying value to the estimated fair value less estimated cost to sell. We will continue to review the property for subsequent changes in the estimated fair value, and may recognize an additional impairment charge, if warranted. Equity Investments in Real Estate and the Managed REITs We evaluate our equity investments in real estate and in the Managed REITs on a periodic basis to determine if there are any indicators that the value of our equity investment may be impaired and whether or not that impairment is other-than-temporary. To the extent an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, we measure the charge as the excess of the carrying value of our investment over its estimated fair value, which is determined by multiplying the estimated fair value of the underlying investment’s net assets by our ownership interest percentage. For our equity investments in real estate, we calculate the estimated fair value of the underlying investment’s real estate or net investment in direct financing lease as described in Real Estate and Direct Financing Leases above. The fair value of the underlying investment’s debt, if any, is calculated based on market interest rates and other market information. The fair value of the underlying investment’s other financial assets and liabilities (excluding net investment in direct financing leases) have fair values that generally approximate their carrying values. For certain investments in the Managed REITs, we calculate the estimated fair value of our investment using the most recently published NAV of each Managed REIT, which for CPA^®:18 – Global is deemed to be the initial public offering price. Goodwill We evaluate goodwill for possible impairment at least annually or upon the occurrence of a triggering event using a two-step process. To identify any impairment, we first compare the estimated fair value of each of our reporting units with their respective carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, we do not consider goodwill to be impaired and no further analysis is required. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, we then perform the second step to determine and measure the amount of the potential impairment charge. We calculate the estimated fair value of the Investment Management reporting unit by applying a price-to-EBITDA multiple to earnings. For both reporting units, the multiples are based on comparable companies. For the Real Estate Ownership reporting unit, we calculate its estimated fair value by applying an AFFO multiple. The selection of the comparable companies and transactions to be used in our evaluation process could have a significant impact on the fair value of our reporting units and possible impairments. The testing did not indicate any goodwill impairment as each of the reporting units with goodwill had fair value that was substantially in excess of the carrying value. For the second step, we compare the implied fair value of the goodwill for each reporting unit with its respective carrying amount and record an impairment charge equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the implied fair value. We determine the implied fair value of the goodwill by allocating the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to its assets and liabilities. The excess of the estimated fair value of the reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of the goodwill. The goodwill recorded in our Investment Management reporting unit is evaluated in the fourth quarter of every year. In connection with the CPA^®:15 Merger, we recorded goodwill in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit. Prior to the CPA^®:15 Merger, there was no goodwill recorded in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit. We initially elected to evaluate the goodwill recorded in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit in the second quarter of every year. During the fourth quarter of 2013, we elected to change the date of our annual impairment test for goodwill in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit from the second quarter to the fourth quarter of each year. This change is preferable because moving the test to the fourth quarter aligns the goodwill testing of the Real Estate Ownership reporting unit with that of our Investment Management reporting unit, which is also tested annually in the fourth quarter. Additionally, fourth quarter is more closely aligned with our business planning and forecasting cycle. As a result of this change, there was not more than a 12-month span between testing dates because our last goodwill test for the Real Estate Ownership reporting unit was completed on June 30, 2013 for the goodwill that was acquired on September 28, 2012. The change in testing dates does not accelerate, delay or avoid a potential impairment charge. Additional goodwill impairment testing may be required at interim dates when and if triggering events occur in the future (Note 9). Stock-Based Compensation We have granted restricted shares, stock options, RSUs and PSUs to certain employees and independent directors. Grants were awarded in the name of the recipient subject to certain restrictions of transferability and a risk of forfeiture. Stock-based compensation expense for all equity-classified stock-based compensation awards is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with current accounting guidance for share-based payments. We recognize these compensation costs for only those shares expected to vest on a straight-line or graded-vesting basis, as appropriate, over the requisite service period of the award. We include stock-based compensation within the listed shares caption of equity. Foreign Currency Translation We have interests in real estate investments in the European Union and United Kingdom for which the functional currency is the euro and the British pound sterling, respectively. We perform the translation from the euro or the British pound sterling to the U.S. dollar for assets and liabilities using current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted-average exchange rate during the period. We report the gains and losses resulting from such translation as a component of other comprehensive income in equity. These translation gains and losses are released to net income when we have substantially exited from all investments in the related currency. Transaction Gains or Losses A transaction gain or loss (measured from the transaction date or the most recent intervening balance sheet date, whichever is later), realized upon settlement of a foreign currency transaction generally will be included in net income for the period in which the transaction is settled. Also, foreign currency intercompany transactions that are scheduled for settlement, consisting primarily of accrued interest and the translation to the reporting currency of subordinated intercompany debt with scheduled principal payments, are included in the determination of net income. Intercompany foreign currency transactions of a long term nature (that is, settlement is not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future), in which the entities to the transactions are consolidated or accounted for by the equity method in our financial statements, are not included in net income but are reported as a component of other comprehensive income in equity. Net realized gains or (losses) are recognized on foreign currency transactions in connection with the transfer of cash from foreign operations of subsidiaries to the parent company. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, we recognized net realized (losses) gains on such transactions of $(0.2) million, $(0.6) million and $0.4 million, respectively. Derivative Instruments We measure derivative instruments at fair value and record them as assets or liabilities, depending on our rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Derivatives that are not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. For a derivative designated and qualified as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value is immediately recognized in earnings. We made an accounting policy election effective January 1, 2011, or the “effective date”, to use the portfolio exception in Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 820-10-35-18D, Application to Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities with Offsetting Positions in Market Risk or Counterparty Credit Risk, the “portfolio exception,” with respect to measuring counterparty credit risk for all of our derivative transactions subject to master netting arrangements. Income Taxes We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. As a REIT, we are not subject to federal income taxes on our income and gains that we distribute to our stockholders as long as we satisfy certain requirements, principally relating to the nature of our income and the level of our distributions, as well as other factors. We believe that we have operated, and we intend to continue to operate, in a manner that allows us to continue to qualify as a REIT. Deferred income taxes are recorded for the corporate subsidiaries based on earnings reported. The provision for income taxes differs from the amounts currently payable because of temporary differences in the recognition of certain income and expense items for financial reporting and tax reporting purposes. Income taxes are computed under the asset and liability method. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between tax bases and financial bases of assets and liabilities (Note 16). Deferred Income Taxes We recognize deferred income taxes in certain of our subsidiaries taxable in the U.S. or in foreign jurisdictions. Deferred income taxes are generally the result of temporary differences (items that are treated differently for tax purposes than for U.S. GAAP purposes as described in Note 16). In addition, deferred tax assets arise from unutilized tax net operating losses generated in prior years. We provide a valuation allowance against our deferred income tax assets when we believe that it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred income tax asset may not be realized. Whenever a change in circumstances causes a change in the estimated realizability of the related deferred income tax asset, the resulting increase or decrease in the valuation allowance is included in deferred income tax expense. Real Estate Ownership Operations We derive most of our REIT income from our real estate operations under our Real Estate Ownership segment. As such, our real estate operations are generally not subject to federal tax, and accordingly, no provision has been made for U.S. federal income taxes in the consolidated financial statements for these operations. These operations are subject to certain state, local and foreign taxes, as applicable. Investment Management Operations We conduct our Investment Management operations primarily through TRSs. These operations are subject to federal, state, local and foreign taxes, as applicable. Our financial statements are prepared on a consolidated basis including these TRSs and include a provision for current and deferred taxes on these operations. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders, as adjusted for unallocated earnings attributable to the unvested RSUs and restricted shares by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects potentially dilutive securities (options, restricted shares and RSUs) using the treasury stock method, except when the effect would be anti-dilutive. Recent Accounting Requirements The following Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, promulgated by the FASB is applicable to us, as indicated: ASU 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities — In January 2013, the FASB issued an update to ASU 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. ASU 2013-01 clarifies that the scope of ASU 2011-11 applies to derivatives accounted for in accordance with Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions that are either offset in accordance with Section 210-20-45 or Section 815-10-45 or subject to an enforceable master netting or similar arrangement. These amendments did not have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations and were applicable to us for our interim and annual reports beginning in 2013. ASU 2013-02, Other Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income — In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02 requiring entities to disclose additional information about items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. This ASU impacts the form of our disclosures only, is applicable to us for our interim and annual reports beginning in 2013 and has been applied retrospectively. The related additional disclosures are located in Note 14. ASU 2013-04, Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation is Fixed at the Reporting Date, a Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force — In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-04, which requires entities to measure obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements (in our case, tenancy-in-common arrangements, Note 7) for which the total amount of the obligation is fixed as the sum of the amount the entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. This ASU is applicable to us for our interim and annual reports beginning in 2014 and shall be applied retrospectively; however, we elected to adopt this ASU early in 2013 and it did not have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations for any of the periods presented. ASU 2013-10, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate (or Overnight Index Swap Rate) as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes, a Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force — In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-10, which permits the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate, also referred to as the “Overnight Index Swap Rate,” to be used as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes under Topic 815, in addition to the U.S. government and London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, swap rate. The update also removes the restriction on the use of different benchmark rates for similar hedges. This ASU will be applicable to us for qualifying new or redesignated hedging relationships entered into on or after July 17, 2013. Through the date of this Report, we had not entered into any transactions to which this ASU applies. Out-of-Period Adjustments In the fourth quarter of 2013, we identified an error in the consolidated financial statements related to accounting for deferred foreign income taxes in connection with the initial acquisition accounting for 95 properties acquired in the CPA^®:15 Merger and seven other properties acquired during 2000-2013 (Note 16). We concluded that this adjustment was not material to our financial position or results of operations for the current period or any of the prior periods. As such, we recorded an out-of-period adjustment of $2.3 million and $37.5 million to reflect the cumulative deferred tax assets and liabilities, respectively, associated with the initial basis differential that resulted from the tax-basis carry-over of these properties as well as an aggregate corresponding increase to total assets of $32.4 million primarily comprised of $31.4 million to Goodwill and $1.0 million to Net investments in properties. Additionally, this adjustment resulted in a net decrease of $2.3 million to Net income, including primarily a deferred income tax expense of $2.0 million. During 2012, we identified errors in the consolidated financial statements related to prior years. The errors were primarily attributable to the misapplication of guidance in accounting for and clerical errors related to the expropriation of land related to two investments and our reimbursement of certain affiliated costs. We concluded that these adjustments were not material, individually or in the aggregate, to our results for this or any of the prior periods, and as such, we recorded an out-of-period adjustment to increase our income from operations by $2.5 million within continuing operations primarily attributable to an increase in Gain on sale of real estate of $2.0 million in the consolidated statement of income. In 2011, we identified an error in the consolidated financial statements related to prior years. The error relates to the misapplication of accounting guidance related to the modifications of certain leases. We concluded that this adjustment, with a net impact of $0.2 million on our statement of operations for the fourth quarter of 2011, was not material to our results for the prior year periods or to the period of adjustment. Accordingly, this cumulative change was recorded in the consolidated financial statements in the fourth quarter of 2011 as an out-of-period adjustment as follows: a reduction to Net investment in direct financing leases of $17.6 million and an increase in net Operating real estate of $17.9 million on the consolidated balance sheet; and an increase in Lease revenues of $0.9 million, a reduction of Impairment charges of $1.6 million, and an increase in Depreciation expense of $2.2 million on the consolidated statement of operations. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and the disclosure of contingent amounts in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Consolidation

Our consolidated financial statements reflect all of our accounts, including those of our controlled subsidiaries. The portion of equity in a consolidated subsidiary that is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to us is presented as noncontrolling interests. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The consolidated financial statements include the historical results of our predecessor prior to the REIT Reorganization and the CPA^®:15 Merger.

When we obtain an economic interest in an entity, we evaluate the entity to determine if it is deemed a VIE and, if so, whether we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and are therefore required to consolidate the entity. We apply accounting guidance for consolidation of VIEs to certain entities in which the equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. Fixed price purchase and renewal options within a lease as well as certain decision-making rights within a loan can cause us to consider an entity a VIE. We review the contractual arrangements provided for in the partnership agreement or other related contracts to determine whether the entity is considered a VIE, and to establish whether we have any variable interests in the VIE. We then compare our variable interests, if any, to those of the other variable interest holders to determine which party is the primary beneficiary of a VIE based on whether the entity (i) has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE, and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

For an entity that is not considered to be a VIE, the general partners in a limited partnership (or similar entity) are presumed to control the entity regardless of the level of their ownership and, accordingly, may be required to consolidate the entity. We evaluate the partnership agreements or other relevant contracts to determine whether there are provisions in the agreements that would overcome this presumption. If the agreements provide the limited partners with either (a) the substantive ability to dissolve or liquidate the limited partnership or otherwise remove the general partners without cause or (b) substantive participating rights, the limited partners’ rights overcome the presumption of control by a general partner of the limited partnership, and, therefore, the general partner must account for its investment in the limited partnership using the equity method of accounting.

We have investments in tenancy-in-common interests in various domestic and international properties. Consolidation of these investments is not required as such interests do not qualify as VIEs and do not meet the control requirement required for consolidation. Accordingly, we account for these investments using the equity method of accounting. We use the equity method of accounting because the shared decision-making involved in a tenancy-in-common interest investment provides us with significant influence on the operating and financial decisions of these investments.

Additionally, we own interests in single-tenant net lease properties leased to companies through noncontrolling interests in partnerships and limited liability companies that we do not control but over which we exercise significant influence. We account for these investments under the equity method of accounting. At times, the carrying value of our equity investments may fall below zero for certain investments. We intend to fund our share of the jointly-owned investments’ future operating deficits should the need arise. However, we have no legal obligation to pay for any of the liabilities of such investments nor do we have any legal obligation to fund operating deficits.

In November 2012, we filed a registration statement with the SEC to sell up to $1.0 billion of common stock of CPA^®:18 – Global in an initial public offering plus up to an additional $400.0 million of its common stock under a dividend reinvestment plan. This registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on May 7, 2013. Through July 25, 2013, the financial activity of CPA^®:18 – Global, which at that time had no significant assets, liabilities or operations, was included in our consolidated financial statements as we owned 100% of its outstanding common stock. On July 25, 2013, upon CPA^®:18 – Global reaching its minimum offering proceeds and admitting new stockholders, our ownership of its outstanding common stock was immediately reduced to 8.5%, and we deconsolidated CPA^®:18 – Global and began to account for our interests in it under the equity method. As its advisor, we do not exert control over, but we have the ability to exercise significant influence on, CPA^®:18 – Global (Note 7).

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. The consolidated financial statements included in this Report have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the disposition (or planned disposition) of certain properties as discontinued operations and certain adjustments related to purchase price allocation for all periods presented.

Accounting for Acquisitions

In accordance with the guidance for business combinations, we determine whether a transaction or other event is a business combination, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. Each business combination is then accounted for by applying the acquisition method. If the assets acquired are not a business, we account for the transaction or other event as an asset acquisition. Under both methods, we recognize the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired entity. In addition, for transactions that are business combinations, we evaluate the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. We immediately expense acquisition-related costs and fees associated with business combinations.

Purchase Price Allocation

When we acquire properties with leases classified as operating leases, we allocate the purchase price to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired based on their estimated fair values. We determine the value of the tangible assets, consisting of land, buildings, and site improvements, and intangible assets, including the above- and below-market value of leases and the value of in-place leases at their estimated fair values. Land is typically valued utilizing the sales comparison (or market approach). Buildings are valued, as if vacant, using the cost and/or income approach. Site improvements are valued using the cost approach. The fair value of real estate is determined by reference to portfolio appraisals which determines their values, on a property level, by applying a discounted cash flow analysis to the estimated net operating income, or NOI, for each property in the portfolio during the remaining anticipated lease term, and the estimated residual value. The estimated residual value of each property is based on a hypothetical sale of the property upon expiration of a lease factoring in the re-tenanting of such property at estimated current market rental rates, applying a selected capitalization rate and deducting estimated costs of sale. The discount rates and residual capitalization rates used to value the properties are selected based on several factors, including the creditworthiness of the lessees, industry surveys, property type, location and age, current lease rates relative to market lease rates and anticipated lease duration. In the case where a tenant has a purchase option deemed to be materially favorable to the tenant, or the tenant has long-term renewal options at rental rates below estimated market rental rates, the appraisal assumes the exercise of such purchase option or long-term renewal options in its determination of residual value. Where a property is deemed to have excess land, the discounted cash flow analysis includes the estimated excess land value at the assumed expiration of the lease, based upon an analysis of comparable land sales or listings in the general market area of the property grown at estimated market growth rates through the year of lease expiration. For those properties that are under contract for sale, the appraised value of the portfolio reflects the current contractual sale price of such properties. See Real Estate Leased to Others and Depreciation below for a discussion of our significant accounting policies related to tangible assets.

We record above- and below-market lease values for owned properties based on the present value (using a discount rate reflecting the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated and in place at the time of acquisition of the properties and (ii) our estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or equivalent property, both of which are measured over a period equal to the estimated lease term which includes renewal options with rental rates below estimated market rental rates. We amortize the capitalized above-market lease value as a reduction of rental income over the estimated market lease term. We amortize the capitalized below-market lease value as an increase to rental income over the initial term and any fixed rate renewal periods in the respective leases. We include the value of below-market leases in Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated financial statements.

We measure the fair value of the below-market purchase option liability we acquired in connection with the Merger as the excess of the present value of the fair value of the real estate over the present value of the tenant’s exercise price at the option date.

The value of any in-place lease is estimated to be equal to the property owners’ avoidance of costs necessary to release the property for a lease term equal to the remaining primary in-place lease term and the value of investment grade tenancy. The cost avoidance to the property owners’ of vacancy/leasing costs necessary to lease the property for a lease term equal to the remaining in-place lease term is derived first by determining the in-place lease term on the subject lease. Then, based on our review of the market, the cost to be borne by a property owner to replicate a market lease to the remaining in-place term is estimated. These costs consist of: (i) rent lost during downtime (i.e. assumed periods of vacancy), (ii) estimated expenses that would be incurred by the property owner during periods of vacancy (iii) rent concessions (i.e. free rent) (iv) leasing commissions and (v) tenant improvements allowances given to tenants. We determine these values using our estimates or by relying in part upon third-party appraisals. We amortize the capitalized value of in-place lease intangibles to expense over the remaining initial term of each lease. No amortization period for intangibles will exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building.

If a lease is terminated, we charge the unamortized portion of above- and below-market lease values to lease revenue, and in-place lease and tenant relationship values to amortization expense. We amortize the capitalized value of in-place lease intangibles and tenant relationships to expense over the respective term of each lease.

When we acquire leveraged properties, the fair value of debt instruments assumed is determined using a discounted cash flow model with rates that take into account the credit of the tenants, where applicable, and interest rate risk. Such resulting premium or discount is amortized over the remaining term of the obligation. We also consider the value of the underlying collateral, taking into account the quality of the collateral, the credit quality of the tenant, the time until maturity and the current interest rate.

Goodwill

In the case of a business combination, after identifying all tangible and intangible assets and liabilities, the excess consideration paid over the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired and assumed, respectively, represents goodwill. We allocated goodwill to the respective reporting units in which such goodwill arose. Goodwill acquired in the CPA^®:15 Merger was attributed to the Real Estate Ownership segment which comprises one reporting unit. In the event we dispose of a property that constitutes a business under GAAP from a reporting unit with goodwill, we allocate a portion of the reporting unit’s goodwill to that business in determining the gain or loss on the disposal of the business. The amount of goodwill allocated to the business is based on the relative fair value of the business to the fair value of the reporting unit.

Operating Real Estate

We carry land and buildings and personal property at cost less accumulated depreciation. We capitalize improvements and significant renovations that increase the useful life of the properties, while we expense replacements, maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets as incurred.

Assets Held for Sale

We classify those assets that are associated with operating leases as held for sale when we have entered into a contract to sell the property, all material due diligence requirements have been satisfied and we believe it is probable that the disposition will occur within one year. Assets held for sale are recorded at the lower of carrying value or estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell. The results of operations and the related gain or loss on sale of properties that have been sold or that are classified as held for sale and in which we will have no significant continuing involvement are included in discontinued operations (Note 17).

If circumstances arise that we previously considered unlikely and, as a result, we decide not to sell a property previously classified as held for sale, we reclassify the property as held and used. We measure and record a property that is reclassified as held and used at the lower of (i) its carrying amount before the property was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the property been continuously classified as held and used or (ii) the estimated fair value at the date of the subsequent decision not to sell.

We recognize gains and losses on the sale of properties when, among other criteria, we no longer have continuing involvement, the parties are bound by the terms of the contract, all consideration has been exchanged and all conditions precedent to closing have been performed. At the time the sale is consummated, a gain or loss is recognized as the difference between the sale price, less any selling costs, and the carrying value of the property.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to cash and have a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Items classified as cash equivalents include commercial paper and money market funds. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in the custody of several financial institutions, and these balances, at times, exceed federally insurable limits. We seek to mitigate this risk by depositing funds only with major financial institutions.

Internal-Use Software Development Costs

We expense costs associated with the assessment stage of software development projects. Upon completion of the preliminary project assessment stage, we capitalize internal and external costs associated with the application development stage, including the costs associated with software that allows for the conversion of our old data to our new system. We expense the costs of training and data conversion. We also expense costs associated with the post-implementation and operation stage, including maintenance and specified upgrades; however, we capitalize internal and external costs associated with significant upgrades to existing systems that result in additional functionality. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the software’s estimated useful life, which is three to five years. Periodically, we reassess the useful life considering technology, obsolescence and other factors.

Other Assets and Liabilities

We include prepaid expenses, deferred rental income, tenant receivables, deferred charges, escrow balances held by lenders, restricted cash balances, marketable securities, derivative assets, other intangible assets and corporate fixed assets in Other assets. We include derivative instruments; miscellaneous amounts held on behalf of tenants; and deferred revenue in Other liabilities. Deferred charges are costs incurred in connection with mortgage financings and refinancings that are amortized over the terms of the mortgages and included in Interest expense in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred rental income is the aggregate cumulative difference for operating leases between scheduled rents that vary during the lease term, and rent recognized on a straight-line basis. Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses on these securities reported as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss) until realized.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We consider direct financing leases to be past-due or delinquent when a contractually required principal or interest payment is not remitted in accordance with the provisions of the underlying agreement. We evaluate each account individually and set up an allowance when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the existing contractual terms, and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

Revenue Recognition

Real Estate Leased to Others

We lease real estate to others primarily on a triple-net leased basis, whereby the tenant is generally responsible for all operating expenses relating to the property, including property taxes, insurance, maintenance, repairs and improvements. We charge expenditures for maintenance and repairs, including routine betterments, to operations as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, although we are legally obligated for payment pursuant to our lease agreements with our tenants, lessees were responsible for the direct payment to the taxing authorities of real estate taxes of approximately $37.3 million, $18.7 million and $6.4 million, respectively.

Substantially all of our leases provide for either scheduled rent increases, periodic rent adjustments based on formulas indexed to changes in the CPI or similar indices or percentage rents. CPI-based adjustments are contingent on future events and are therefore not included in straight-line rent calculations. We recognize rents from percentage rents as reported by the lessees, which is after the level of sales requiring a rental payment to us is reached. Percentage rents were insignificant for the periods presented.

We account for leases as operating or direct financing leases, as described below:

Operating leases — We record real estate at cost less accumulated depreciation; we recognize future minimum rental revenue on a straight-line basis over the non-cancelable lease term of the related leases and charge expenses to operations as incurred (Note 5).

Direct financing method — We record leases accounted for under the direct financing method at their net investment (Note 5). We defer and amortize unearned income to income over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on our net investment in the lease.

Investment Management Operations

We earn structuring revenue and asset management revenue in connection with providing services to the Managed REITs. We earn structuring revenue for services we provide in connection with the analysis, negotiation and structuring of transactions, including acquisitions and dispositions and the placement of mortgage financing obtained by the Managed REITs. Asset management revenue consists of property management, leasing and advisory revenue. Receipt of the incentive revenue portion of the asset management revenue or performance revenue, however, which we received from CPA^®:15 prior to the date of the CPA^®:15 Merger on September 28, 2012 and from CPA^®:14 and CPA^®:16 – Global prior to the CPA^®:14/16 Merger on May 2, 2011, was subordinated to the achievement of specified cumulative return requirements by the stockholders of those CPA^® REITs. At our option, the performance revenue could be collected in cash or shares of the CPA^® REIT (Note 4). In addition, we earn subordinated incentive and disposition revenue related to the disposition of properties. We may also earn termination revenue in connection with the termination of the advisory agreements for the Managed REITs.

We recognize all revenue as earned. We earn structuring revenue upon the consummation of a transaction and asset management revenue when services are performed. We recognize revenue subject to subordination only when the performance criteria of the Managed REIT is achieved and contractual limitations are not exceeded.

We earned subordinated disposition and incentive revenue from CPA^®:15 until the completion of the CPA^®:15 Merger on September 28, 2012 (Note 4), through which its stockholders received their initial investment plus a specified preferred return. We may earn termination revenue if a liquidity event is consummated by any of the other Managed REITs. As a condition of the CPA^®:15 Merger and CPA^®:16 Merger, we waived the subordinated disposition and termination fees that we would have been entitled to receive from CPA^®:15 and CPA^®:16 - Global upon their liquidation pursuant to the terms of our advisory agreements with CPA^®:15 and CPA^®:16 - Global, respectively (Note 4).

We are also reimbursed for certain costs incurred in providing services, including broker-dealer commissions paid on behalf of the Managed REITs, marketing costs and the cost of personnel provided for the administration of the Managed REITs. We record reimbursement income as the expenses are incurred, subject to limitations on a Managed REIT’s ability to incur offering costs.

Depreciation

We compute depreciation of building and related improvements using the straight-line method over the estimated remaining useful lives of the properties (not to exceed 40 years) and furniture, fixtures and equipment (generally up to seven years). We compute depreciation of tenant improvements using the straight-line method over the lesser of the remaining term of the lease or the estimated useful life.

Impairments

We periodically assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our long-lived assets, including goodwill, may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. These impairment indicators include, but are not limited to, the vacancy of a property that is not subject to a lease; a lease default by a tenant that is experiencing financial difficulty; the termination of a lease by a tenant; or the rejection of a lease in a bankruptcy proceeding. We may incur impairment charges on long-lived assets, including real estate, direct financing leases, assets held for sale and equity investments in real estate. We may also incur impairment charges on marketable securities and goodwill. Our policies for evaluating whether these assets are impaired are presented below.

Real Estate

For real estate assets, which include intangibles, in which an impairment indicator is identified, we follow a two-step process to determine whether an asset is impaired and to determine the amount of the charge. First, we compare the carrying value of the property’s asset group to the future net undiscounted cash flow that we expect the property’s asset group will generate, including any estimated proceeds from the eventual sale of the property’s asset group. The undiscounted cash flow analysis requires us to make our best estimate of, among other things, market rents, residual values, and holding periods. Depending on the assumptions made and estimates used, the future cash flow projected in the evaluation of long-lived assets can vary within a range of outcomes. We consider the likelihood of possible outcomes in determining our estimate of future cash flows. If the future net undiscounted cash flow of the property’s asset group is less than the carrying value, the property’s asset group is considered to be impaired. We then measure the loss as the excess of the carrying value of the property’s asset group over its estimated fair value.

Direct Financing Leases

We review our direct financing leases at least annually to determine whether there has been an other-than-temporary decline in the current estimate of residual value of the property. The residual value is our estimate of what we could realize upon the sale of the property at the end of the lease term, based on market information. If this review indicates that a decline in residual value has occurred that is other-than-temporary, we recognize an impairment charge equal to the difference between the fair value and carrying amount of the residual value.

Assets Held for Sale

When we classify an asset as held for sale, we compare the asset’s estimated fair value less estimated cost to sell to its carrying value, and if the estimated fair value less estimated cost to sell is less than the property’s carrying value, we reduce the carrying value to the estimated fair value less estimated cost to sell. We will continue to review the property for subsequent changes in the estimated fair value, and may recognize an additional impairment charge, if warranted.

Equity Investments in Real Estate and the Managed REITs

We evaluate our equity investments in real estate and in the Managed REITs on a periodic basis to determine if there are any indicators that the value of our equity investment may be impaired and whether or not that impairment is other-than-temporary. To the extent an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, we measure the charge as the excess of the carrying value of our investment over its estimated fair value, which is determined by multiplying the estimated fair value of the underlying investment’s net assets by our ownership interest percentage. For our equity investments in real estate, we calculate the estimated fair value of the underlying investment’s real estate or net investment in direct financing lease as described in Real Estate and Direct Financing Leases above. The fair value of the underlying investment’s debt, if any, is calculated based on market interest rates and other market information. The fair value of the underlying investment’s other financial assets and liabilities (excluding net investment in direct financing leases) have fair values that generally approximate their carrying values. For certain investments in the Managed REITs, we calculate the estimated fair value of our investment using the most recently published NAV of each Managed REIT, which for CPA^®:18 – Global is deemed to be the initial public offering price.

Goodwill

We evaluate goodwill for possible impairment at least annually or upon the occurrence of a triggering event using a two-step process. To identify any impairment, we first compare the estimated fair value of each of our reporting units with their respective carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, we do not consider goodwill to be impaired and no further analysis is required. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, we then perform the second step to determine and measure the amount of the potential impairment charge.

We calculate the estimated fair value of the Investment Management reporting unit by applying a price-to-EBITDA multiple to earnings. For both reporting units, the multiples are based on comparable companies. For the Real Estate Ownership reporting unit, we calculate its estimated fair value by applying an AFFO multiple. The selection of the comparable companies and transactions to be used in our evaluation process could have a significant impact on the fair value of our reporting units and possible impairments. The testing did not indicate any goodwill impairment as each of the reporting units with goodwill had fair value that was substantially in excess of the carrying value.

For the second step, we compare the implied fair value of the goodwill for each reporting unit with its respective carrying amount and record an impairment charge equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the implied fair value. We determine the implied fair value of the goodwill by allocating the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to its assets and liabilities. The excess of the estimated fair value of the reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of the goodwill.

The goodwill recorded in our Investment Management reporting unit is evaluated in the fourth quarter of every year. In connection with the CPA^®:15 Merger, we recorded goodwill in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit. Prior to the CPA^®:15 Merger, there was no goodwill recorded in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit. We initially elected to evaluate the goodwill recorded in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit in the second quarter of every year. During the fourth quarter of 2013, we elected to change the date of our annual impairment test for goodwill in our Real Estate Ownership reporting unit from the second quarter to the fourth quarter of each year. This change is preferable because moving the test to the fourth quarter aligns the goodwill testing of the Real Estate Ownership reporting unit with that of our Investment Management reporting unit, which is also tested annually in the fourth quarter. Additionally, fourth quarter is more closely aligned with our business planning and forecasting cycle. As a result of this change, there was not more than a 12-month span between testing dates because our last goodwill test for the Real Estate Ownership reporting unit was completed on June 30, 2013 for the goodwill that was acquired on September 28, 2012. The change in testing dates does not accelerate, delay or avoid a potential impairment charge. Additional goodwill impairment testing may be required at interim dates when and if triggering events occur in the future (Note 9).

Stock-Based Compensation

We have granted restricted shares, stock options, RSUs and PSUs to certain employees and independent directors. Grants were awarded in the name of the recipient subject to certain restrictions of transferability and a risk of forfeiture. Stock-based compensation expense for all equity-classified stock-based compensation awards is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with current accounting guidance for share-based payments. We recognize these compensation costs for only those shares expected to vest on a straight-line or graded-vesting basis, as appropriate, over the requisite service period of the award. We include stock-based compensation within the listed shares caption of equity.

Foreign Currency

Translation

We have interests in real estate investments in the European Union and United Kingdom for which the functional currency is the euro and the British pound sterling, respectively. We perform the translation from the euro or the British pound sterling to the U.S. dollar for assets and liabilities using current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted-average exchange rate during the period. We report the gains and losses resulting from such translation as a component of other comprehensive income in equity. These translation gains and losses are released to net income when we have substantially exited from all investments in the related currency.

Transaction Gains or Losses

A transaction gain or loss (measured from the transaction date or the most recent intervening balance sheet date, whichever is later), realized upon settlement of a foreign currency transaction generally will be included in net income for the period in which the transaction is settled. Also, foreign currency intercompany transactions that are scheduled for settlement, consisting primarily of accrued interest and the translation to the reporting currency of subordinated intercompany debt with scheduled principal payments, are included in the determination of net income.

Intercompany foreign currency transactions of a long term nature (that is, settlement is not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future), in which the entities to the transactions are consolidated or accounted for by the equity method in our financial statements, are not included in net income but are reported as a component of other comprehensive income in equity.

Net realized gains or (losses) are recognized on foreign currency transactions in connection with the transfer of cash from foreign operations of subsidiaries to the parent company. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, we recognized net realized (losses) gains on such transactions of $(0.2) million, $(0.6) million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Derivative Instruments

We measure derivative instruments at fair value and record them as assets or liabilities, depending on our rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Derivatives that are not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. For a derivative designated and qualified as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value is immediately recognized in earnings.

We made an accounting policy election effective January 1, 2011, or the “effective date”, to use the portfolio exception in Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 820-10-35-18D, Application to Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities with Offsetting Positions in Market Risk or Counterparty Credit Risk, the “portfolio exception,” with respect to measuring counterparty credit risk for all of our derivative transactions subject to master netting arrangements.

Income Taxes

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. As a REIT, we are not subject to federal income taxes on our income and gains that we distribute to our stockholders as long as we satisfy certain requirements, principally relating to the nature of our income and the level of our distributions, as well as other factors. We believe that we have operated, and we intend to continue to operate, in a manner that allows us to continue to qualify as a REIT. Deferred income taxes are recorded for the corporate subsidiaries based on earnings reported. The provision for income taxes differs from the amounts currently payable because of temporary differences in the recognition of certain income and expense items for financial reporting and tax reporting purposes. Income taxes are computed under the asset and liability method. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between tax bases and financial bases of assets and liabilities (Note 16).

Deferred Income Taxes

We recognize deferred income taxes in certain of our subsidiaries taxable in the U.S. or in foreign jurisdictions. Deferred income taxes are generally the result of temporary differences (items that are treated differently for tax purposes than for U.S. GAAP purposes as described in Note 16). In addition, deferred tax assets arise from unutilized tax net operating losses generated in prior years. We provide a valuation allowance against our deferred income tax assets when we believe that it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred income tax asset may not be realized. Whenever a change in circumstances causes a change in the estimated realizability of the related deferred income tax asset, the resulting increase or decrease in the valuation allowance is included in deferred income tax expense.

Real Estate Ownership Operations

We derive most of our REIT income from our real estate operations under our Real Estate Ownership segment. As such, our real estate operations are generally not subject to federal tax, and accordingly, no provision has been made for U.S. federal income taxes in the consolidated financial statements for these operations. These operations are subject to certain state, local and foreign taxes, as applicable.

Investment Management Operations

We conduct our Investment Management operations primarily through TRSs. These operations are subject to federal, state, local and foreign taxes, as applicable. Our financial statements are prepared on a consolidated basis including these TRSs and include a provision for current and deferred taxes on these operations.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders, as adjusted for unallocated earnings attributable to the unvested RSUs and restricted shares by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects potentially dilutive securities (options, restricted shares and RSUs) using the treasury stock method, except when the effect would be anti-dilutive.

Recent Accounting Requirements

The following Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, promulgated by the FASB is applicable to us, as indicated:

ASU 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities — In January 2013, the FASB issued an update to ASU 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. ASU 2013-01 clarifies that the scope of ASU 2011-11 applies to derivatives accounted for in accordance with Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions that are either offset in accordance with Section 210-20-45 or Section 815-10-45 or subject to an enforceable master netting or similar arrangement. These amendments did not have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations and were applicable to us for our interim and annual reports beginning in 2013.

ASU 2013-02, Other Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income — In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02 requiring entities to disclose additional information about items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. This ASU impacts the form of our disclosures only, is applicable to us for our interim and annual reports beginning in 2013 and has been applied retrospectively. The related additional disclosures are located in Note 14.

ASU 2013-04, Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation is Fixed at the Reporting Date, a Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force — In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-04, which requires entities to measure obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements (in our case, tenancy-in-common arrangements, Note 7) for which the total amount of the obligation is fixed as the sum of the amount the entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. This ASU is applicable to us for our interim and annual reports beginning in 2014 and shall be applied retrospectively; however, we elected to adopt this ASU early in 2013 and it did not have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations for any of the periods presented.

ASU 2013-10, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate (or Overnight Index Swap Rate) as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes, a Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force — In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-10, which permits the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate, also referred to as the “Overnight Index Swap Rate,” to be used as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes under Topic 815, in addition to the U.S. government and London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, swap rate. The update also removes the restriction on the use of different benchmark rates for similar hedges. This ASU will be applicable to us for qualifying new or redesignated hedging relationships entered into on or after July 17, 2013. Through the date of this Report, we had not entered into any transactions to which this ASU applies.

Out-of-Period Adjustments

In the fourth quarter of 2013, we identified an error in the consolidated financial statements related to accounting for deferred foreign income taxes in connection with the initial acquisition accounting for 95 properties acquired in the CPA^®:15 Merger and seven other properties acquired during 2000-2013 (Note 16). We concluded that this adjustment was not material to our financial position or results of operations for the current period or any of the prior periods. As such, we recorded an out-of-period adjustment of $2.3 million and $37.5 million to reflect the cumulative deferred tax assets and liabilities, respectively, associated with the initial basis differential that resulted from the tax-basis carry-over of these properties as well as an aggregate corresponding increase to total assets of $32.4 million primarily comprised of $31.4 million to Goodwill and $1.0 million to Net investments in properties. Additionally, this adjustment resulted in a net decrease of $2.3 million to Net income, including primarily a deferred income tax expense of $2.0 million.

During 2012, we identified errors in the consolidated financial statements related to prior years. The errors were primarily attributable to the misapplication of guidance in accounting for and clerical errors related to the expropriation of land related to two investments and our reimbursement of certain affiliated costs. We concluded that these adjustments were not material, individually or in the aggregate, to our results for this or any of the prior periods, and as such, we recorded an out-of-period adjustment to increase our income from operations by $2.5 million within continuing operations primarily attributable to an increase in Gain on sale of real estate of $2.0 million in the consolidated statement of income.

In 2011, we identified an error in the consolidated financial statements related to prior years. The error relates to the misapplication of accounting guidance related to the modifications of certain leases. We concluded that this adjustment, with a net impact of $0.2 million on our statement of operations for the fourth quarter of 2011, was not material to our results for the prior year periods or to the period of adjustment. Accordingly, this cumulative change was recorded in the consolidated financial statements in the fourth quarter of 2011 as an out-of-period adjustment as follows: a reduction to Net investment in direct financing leases of $17.6 million and an increase in net Operating real estate of $17.9 million on the consolidated balance sheet; and an increase in Lease revenues of $0.9 million, a reduction of Impairment charges of $1.6 million, and an increase in Depreciation expense of $2.2 million on the consolidated statement of operations.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and the disclosure of contingent amounts in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.