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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2014
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
For interim tax reporting we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply it to our year to date ordinary income. Jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year or an actual year-to-date loss where no tax benefit can be recognized due to a valuation allowance are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. The impact of including these jurisdictions on the quarterly effective rate calculation could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter due to the mix and timing of actual earnings versus annual projections. The tax effects of certain unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate calculation and recognized in the interim period in which they occur.
We reported income tax expense of $46 million and $47 million in the three month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The tax expense recorded in the second quarter of 2014 included $1 million for tax adjustment to prior year estimates.
We reported income tax expense of $86 million and $59 million in the six month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The tax expense recorded in the first six months of 2014 included $1 million for tax adjustments to prior year estimates. The tax expense recorded in the first six months of 2013 included a net tax benefit of $13 million for tax adjustments primarily related to recognizing a U.S. tax benefit for foreign taxes and changes to prior year estimates. U.S. tax benefit for foreign taxes is driven by our ability to claim a U.S. foreign tax credit beginning in 2013. The U.S. foreign tax credit law provides for a credit against U.S. taxes otherwise payable for foreign taxes paid with regard to dividends, interest and royalties paid to us in the U.S.
In 2012, we reversed the tax valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets in the U.S. based on operating improvements we had made, the outlook for light and commercial vehicle production in the U.S. and the positive impact this should have on our U.S. operations. We have fully utilized our federal net operating loss ("NOL") as of June 30, 2014. The state NOLs expire in various tax years through 2032.