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ORGANIZATION, CONSOLIDATION AND PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
ORGANIZATION, CONSOLIDATION AND PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. ORGANIZATION, CONSOLIDATION AND PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Business Description: West Corporation (the “Company” or “West”) is a leading provider of technology-driven communication services. “We,” “us” and “our” also refer to West and its consolidated subsidiaries, as applicable. We offer a broad portfolio of services, including conferencing and collaboration, Internet Protocol (“IP”) communications, interactive services, public safety services, telecom services and agent services. The scale and processing capacity of our proprietary technology platforms, combined with our expertise in managing voice and data transactions, enable us to provide reliable, high-quality, mission-critical communications designed to maximize return on investment for our clients. Our clients include Fortune 1000 companies, along with small and medium enterprises in a variety of industries, including telecommunications, retail, financial services, public safety, technology and healthcare. We have sales and operations in the United States, Canada, Europe, the Middle East, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and South America.

We operate in two reportable segments:

 

    Unified Communications, including conferencing and collaboration, IP communications and interactive services; and

 

    Communication Services, including public safety services, telecom services and agent services.

Unified Communications

Conferencing & Collaboration. Operating under the InterCall® brand, we are the largest conferencing services provider in the world based on conferencing revenue, according to Wainhouse Research. We managed approximately 148 million conference calls in 2013, a 10 percent increase over 2012. We provide our clients with an integrated global suite of meeting services. InterCall also offers multimedia event services designed to give our clients the ability to create, manage, distribute and reuse content internally and externally. Through a combination of proprietary products and strategic partnerships, our clients have the tools to support diverse internal and external multimedia requirements.

IP Communications. We provide our clients with enterprise class IP communications solutions enabled by our technology. We offer hosted IP-private branch exchange (“PBX”) and enterprise call management, hosted and managed multiprotocol label switching (“MPLS”) network solutions, unified communications partner solution portfolio services, cloud-based security services and professional services and systems integration expertise.

Interactive Services. We help our clients automate, navigate and solve their communication challenges across the customer lifecycle. We design, integrate, deliver and manage applications, services, platforms and networks that aim to improve the customer experience and drive efficiencies for our clients. Our technology uses an omni-channel approach that brings together voice, text, email, push notification, fax, video, web, social media, hosted contact center and mobile to create automated customer experience across channels. In 2013, our interactive voice response (“IVR”), hosted contact center, and alerts and notifications platforms received and delivered 2.8 billion calls and data messages on behalf of our clients.

Communication Services

Public Safety Services. We believe we are one of the largest providers of public safety services, based on the number of 9-1-1 calls that we and other participants in the industry facilitate. Our services are critical in facilitating public safety agencies’ ability to receive emergency calls from citizens.

Telecom Services. Our telecom services support the merging of traditional telecom, mobile and IP technologies to service providers and enterprises. We are a leading provider of local and national tandem switching services to carriers throughout the United States. We leverage our proprietary customer traffic information system, sophisticated call routing and control facility to provide tandem interconnection services to the competitive marketplace, including wireless, wire-line, cable telecom and Voice over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”) companies.

Agent Services. We provide our clients with large-scale, agent services. We target opportunities that allow our agent services to be a part of larger strategic client engagements and with clients for whom these services can add value. We believe that we are known in the industry as a premium provider of these services. We offer a flexible model that includes on-shore, off-shore and home-based agent capabilities to fit our clients’ needs.

 

Basis of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition: Conferencing services are generally billed and revenue recognized on a per participant minute basis. Web collaboration services are generally billed and revenue recognized on a per participant minute basis or, in the case of operating license arrangements, generally billed in advance and revenue recognized ratably over the service life period. IP communications services are generally billed and revenue recognized on a per seat basis and interactive services are generally billed, and revenue recognized, on a per call, per message or per minute basis. We also charge clients for additional features, such as conference call recording, transcription services or professional services. Public safety services revenue is generated primarily from monthly fees based on the number of billing telephone numbers and cell towers covered under contract. In addition, product sales and installations are generally recognized upon completion of the installation and client acceptance of a fully functional system or, for contracts that are completed in stages, recognized upon completion of such stages and client acceptance. Contracts for annual recurring services such as support and maintenance agreements are generally billed in advance and are recognized as revenue ratably (on a monthly basis) over the contractual periods. Agent services revenue is generated in the month that services are performed and services are generally billed based on call duration, hours of input, number of calls or a contingent basis.

Revenue for contingent collection services and overpayment identification and recovery services is recognized in the month collection payments are received based upon a percentage of cash collected or other agreed upon contractual parameters.

Revenue for telecom services is recognized in the period the service is provided and when collection is reasonably assured. These telecom services are primarily comprised of switched access charges for toll-free origination services, which are paid primarily by interexchange carriers.

Cost of Services: Cost of services includes labor, sales commissions, telephone and other expenses directly related to service activities.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of expenses that support the ongoing operation of our business. These expenses include costs related to division management, facilities costs, depreciation, maintenance, amortization of finite-lived intangible assets, sales and marketing activities, client support services, bad debt expense, impairment charges and corporate management costs.

Other Income (Expense): Other income (expense) includes interest expense from borrowings under credit facilities, interest income from short-term investments, investment gains or losses in the assets held in our deferred compensation plans and foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on affiliate transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency.

Cash and Cash Equivalents: We consider short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less at acquisition to be cash equivalents.

Trust and Restricted Cash: Trust cash represents cash collected on behalf of our clients that has not yet been remitted to them. A related liability is recorded in accounts payable until settlement with the respective clients. Restricted cash primarily represents cash held as collateral for a workers compensation policy.

Financial Instruments: Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are short-term in nature and the net values at which they are recorded are considered to be reasonable estimates of their fair values.

Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable from customers is presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $9.8 million and $10.4 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Deferred Expenses: Deferred expenses are for prepayments to support future revenue streams and include web conferencing service licenses, prepaid service contracts and prepaid video hosting services. These prepayments will be recognized as expense as the associated revenue is recognized.

 

Property and Equipment: Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation expense is based on the estimated useful lives of the assets or remaining lease terms, whichever is shorter, and is calculated on the straight-line method. Our owned buildings have estimated useful lives ranging from 20 to 39 years and the majority of the other assets have estimated useful lives of three to five years. We review property, plant and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. Recoverability of an asset “held-for-use” is determined by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated from the use of the asset. If the carrying amount is greater than the undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset, the asset’s carrying amount is reduced to its fair value.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets: Goodwill at December 31, 2013 and 2012 was $1,823.9 million and $1,816.9 million, respectively. Intangible assets at December 31, 2013 and 2012, net of accumulated amortization, were $231.4 million and $285.7 million, respectively. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment on an annual basis. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an annual basis in the fourth quarter or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill of a reporting unit is tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The performance of the impairment test involves a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. We determine the fair value of our reporting units using the discounted cash flow methodology. The discounted cash flow methodology requires us to make key assumptions such as projected future cash flows, growth rates, terminal value and a weighted average cost of capital. The second step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the implied fair value of the affected reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill.

Our indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names and their values are assessed separately from goodwill in connection with our annual impairment testing. This assessment is made using the relief-from royalty method, under which the value of a trade name is determined based on a royalty that could be charged to a third party for using the trade name in question. The royalty, which is based on a reasonable rate applied against forecasted sales, is tax-effected and discounted to present value. The most significant assumptions in this evaluation include estimated future sales, the royalty rate and the after-tax discount rate.

Our finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Our finite-lived intangible assets are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances such as reductions in demand or significant economic slowdowns are present on intangible assets used in operations that may indicate the carrying amount is not recoverable. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying value of an asset is recoverable, based on comparisons to undiscounted expected future cash flows. If this comparison indicates that the carrying value is not recoverable, the impaired asset is written down to fair value.

Other Assets: Other assets primarily include the unamortized balance of debt acquisition costs, assets held in non-qualified deferred compensation plans, and the unamortized balance of internally developed capitalized software and licensing agreements. The assets held in the non-qualified deferred compensation plans represent mutual funds invested in debt and equity securities and are classified as trading securities as employees have the ability to change the investment allocation of their deferred compensation at any time. These investments are reported at fair value with unrealized gains (losses) of $6.2 million, $3.3 million and $(1.3) million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively, recognized currently within other income. The underlying obligation, recorded in other liabilities, is likewise reported at the investments’ fair value with adjustments recognized currently within compensation expense. Both the investments and the obligations are classified as non-current.

Deferred Revenue: Deferred revenue includes receipts from customers primarily for web conferencing service licenses, video hosting services and installation fees. These receipts will be recognized as revenue over the life of the respective customer contracts.

Income Taxes: We file a consolidated United States income tax return. We use an asset and liability approach for the financial reporting of income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between financial and tax reporting. Income tax expense has been provided on the portion of foreign source income that we have determined will be repatriated to the United States. We record uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process, whereby (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold, we would recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.

Other Long-Term Liabilities: Other long-term liabilities primarily include liabilities held in non-qualified deferred compensation plans, uncertain tax positions and non-current deferred revenue.

Comprehensive Income: Comprehensive income is composed of unrealized gains or losses on foreign currency translation adjustments arising from changes in exchange rates of our foreign subsidiaries. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates in effect on the balance sheet dates. The translation adjustment is included in comprehensive income, net of related tax expense. Also, the gain or loss on the effective portion of cash flow hedges (i.e., change in fair value) is initially reported as a component of comprehensive income. The remaining gain or loss is recognized in interest expense in the same period in which the cash flow hedge affects earnings. These are our only components of comprehensive income. Our cash flow hedges matured during 2013.

 

Share-Based Compensation: We are required to recognize expense related to the fair value of employee stock option awards and to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award.

Recapitalization: On October 24, 2006, we completed a recapitalization (the “Recapitalization”) of the Company in a transaction sponsored by an investor group led by Thomas H. Lee, L.P. and Quadrangle Group LLC (the “Sponsors”). Pursuant to such Recapitalization, our publicly traded securities were cancelled in exchange for cash. The Recapitalization was accounted for as a leveraged Recapitalization, whereby the historical bases of our assets and liabilities were maintained.

Conversion: On December 30, 2011, we completed the conversion of our outstanding Class L Common Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock (the “Conversion”) by filing amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Charter Amendments”) with the Delaware Secretary of State. Upon the effectiveness of the filing of the Charter Amendments, each share of our outstanding Class L Common Stock was converted into 40.29 shares of Class A Common Stock.

Prior to the Conversion, our equity investors (i.e., the Sponsors, the Founders and certain members of management) owned a combination of Class L and Class A shares (in strips of eight Class A shares and one Class L share per strip). Supplemental management incentive equity awards (restricted stock and option programs) were implemented with Class A shares/options only.

Reclassification of Common Stock: On December 30, 2011, following the Conversion, all of the then outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock were reclassified as shares of Common Stock pursuant to the filing of the Charter Amendments (the “Reclassification”). Following the Reclassification, all shares of Common Stock share proportionately in dividends. The Charter Amendments also increased our number of authorized shares to nine hundred million (900,000,000) shares of Class A Common Stock and one hundred million (100,000,000) shares of Class L Common Stock. Following consummation of the Conversion and the Reclassification, we had one billion authorized shares of Common Stock.

As a result of the reclassification of Class A common stock to common stock, references to “Class A common stock” were changed to “common stock” for all periods presented.

Reverse Stock Split: On March 8, 2013, we completed a 1-for-8 reverse stock split and amended our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation by filing an amendment with the Delaware Secretary of State. We also adjusted the share amounts under our executive incentive plan and nonqualified deferred compensation plan as a result of the 1-for-8 reverse stock split. All numbers of common shares and per common share data in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split and the changes to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company. Also, the total number of shares of capital stock that the Company has authority to issue was amended to 500,000,000, consisting of 475,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001per share, and 25,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share.

Initial Public Offering: On March 27, 2013, we completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of 21,275,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share.

Dividend—On August 15, 2012, our Board of Directors declared a special cash dividend of $8.00 per share to be paid to stockholders of record as of August 15, 2012. In addition, dividend equivalents were credited to notional shares in deferred compensation accounts. During 2013, dividends and dividend equivalents of $0.2 million were paid on options and restricted stock that vested during this period and were subject to the special dividend. In addition, approximately $0.2 million of the special dividend equivalent remains accrued at December 31, 2013 and will be paid as the stock options vest over the next two years.

Subject to legally available funds, our intent is to pay a quarterly cash dividend beginning in the second quarter of 2013. We funded the dividends paid in 2013 with cash generated by our operations and we anticipate funding future dividends with cash generated by our operations. The declaration and payment of all future dividends, if any, will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors. On each of May 16, 2013, August 22, 2013 and November 18, 2013, we paid a $0.225 per common share quarterly dividend. The total dividend paid was approximately $18.8 million to shareholders of record as of the close of business on May 6, 2013, August 12, 2013 and November 8, 2013, respectively, for a total of $56.5 million.

 

Foreign Currency and Translation of Foreign Subsidiaries: The functional currencies of the Company’s foreign operations are the respective local currencies. All assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at fiscal period-end exchange rates. Income and expense items are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity and other comprehensive income. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements: In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-02, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment (ASU 2012-02), allowing entities the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test. If the qualitative assessment indicates it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. Otherwise, no testing is required. ASU 2012-02 was effective for the Company in the period beginning January 1, 2013 and the adoption did not have an effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)(ASU 2013-02), which adds additional disclosure requirements for items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (included in Note 14). ASU 2013-02 became effective for the Company January 1, 2013 and the adoption did not have an effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

On September 13, 2013, the US Treasury and IRS issued final Tangible Property Regulations (“TPR”) under IRC Section 162 and IRC Section 263(a). The regulations are not effective until tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2014; however, certain portions may require a tax method change on a retroactive basis, thus requiring an IRC Section 481(a) adjustment related to fixed and real asset deferred taxes. The accounting rules under ASC 740 treat the release of the regulations as a change in tax law as of the date of issuance and require the Company to determine whether there will be an impact on its financial statements for the period ended December 31, 2013. Any such impact of the final tangible property regulations would affect temporary deferred taxes only and result in a balance sheet reclassification between current and deferred taxes. The Company has analyzed the expected impact of the TPR on the Company and concluded that the expected impact is minimal. The Company will continue to monitor the impact of any future changes to the TPR on the Company prospectively.