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4. Fair Value Measurement
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
4. Fair Value Measurement

Note 4. Fair Value Measurement

The Company's financial assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The three levels are as follows:

Level 1- Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2- Inputs are other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (i.e., interest rates, yield curves, etc.), and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).

Level 3- Inputs are unobservable and reflect the Company's assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company develops these inputs based on the best information available.

Summary of Assets Recorded at Fair Value

The Company's cash equivalents are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices or broker or dealer quotations for similar assets.

The Company had no financial assets that are required to be measured at fair value as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

The carrying amounts reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for certain short-term financial instruments including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

Summary of Liabilities Recorded at Carrying Value and Fair Value

The 4.25% Convertible Notes, Exchangeable Notes, Delayed Draw Term Loan and the Treximet Secured Notes (each, as defined below in Note 8) are recorded at carrying value. The derivative liability and contingent consideration are recorded at fair value. Within the hierarchy of fair value measurements, the derivative liability and contingent consideration are Level 3 fair values. The fair and carrying value of our debt instruments are detailed as follows (in thousands):

      As of June 30, 2018     As of December 31, 2017
      Fair     Carrying     Fair     Carrying
      Value     Value     Value     Value
4.25% Convertible Notes   $ 37,473    $ 66,928    $ 36,208    $ 65,194 
Exchangeable Notes     21,207      9,016      21,375      7,975 
Delayed draw term loan     30,601      28,183      30,300      27,248 
Derivative liability     72      72      93      93 
Contingent consideration     1,501      1,501      1,358      1,358 
Treximet Secured Notes     139,395      162,853      139,201      167,551 
     Total   $ 230,249    $ 268,553    $ 228,535    $ 269,419 

4.25% Convertible Notes, Exchangeable Notes and Delayed Draw Term Loan

The fair values of the 4.25% Convertible Notes, the Exchangeable Notes and the Delayed Draw Term Loan were estimated using the (i) terms of the agreements; (ii) rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions of the underlying security; (iii) time until any restriction(s) are released; (iv) fundamental financial and other characteristics of the Company; (v) trading characteristics of the underlying security (exchange, volume, price, and volatility); (vi) valuation of derivative liability; and (vii) precedent sale transactions.

Given the nature and the variable interest rates under the ABL Facility (as defined below), the fair value of borrowings under this facility approximated their carrying value as of June 30, 2018.

Derivative Liability

The fair value of the derivative liability was determined using a "with and without" conversion scenario. Under this methodology, valuations are performed on the 4.25% Convertible Notes inclusive of all terms as well as for a convertible note that has identical terms and features but excluding the conversion option. The difference between the two valuations is equal to the fair value of the conversion option. Significant increases or decreases in these inputs would result in a significant change in the fair value of the derivative liability.

Contingent Consideration

The fair value of contingent consideration is based on two components - a regulatory milestone and commercial milestone.

For the regulatory milestone, the expected regulatory earn out payment was discounted taking into account (a) the Company's cost of debt, (b) the expected timing of the payment and (c) subordinate nature of the earn out obligation.

The fair value of the commercial milestone was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. This simulation assumed a risk-neutral framework, whereby future net revenue was simulated over the earn out period using the Geometric Brownian Motion. For each simulation path, the earn out payments were calculated based on the achievement of the revenue milestone and then were discounted to the valuation date. Significant increases or decreases in these unobservable inputs and/or the probability of achievement of these milestones would result in a significant change in the fair value of the contingent consideration.

Treximet Secured Notes

The fair value of the Company's Treximet Secured Notes was estimated using a discounted cash flow model.

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

For the Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), the following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for each category therein, and gains or losses recognized during the periods (in thousands).

      As of and for the     As of and for the
      Six months Ended     Six months Ended
      June 30, 2018     June 30, 2017
Derivative liability:            
Balance at beginning of year   $ 93    $ 230 
Remeasurement adjustments - loss (gains) included in earnings     (21)     84 
Ending Balance    $ 72    $ 314 
             
Contingent consideration:            
Balance at beginning of year   $ 1,358    $ 2,403 
     Remeasurement adjustments - loss (gains) included in earnings     143      (540)
Ending Balance    $ 1,501    $ 1,863