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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income $ 824 $ 696 $ 753
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 270 249 304
Provision for doubtful accounts 315 308 297
Deferred income tax provision 9 37 112
Stock-based compensation expense 79 69 52
Gain on disposition of business 0 (118) (334)
Other, net (6) (6) 6
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable (298) (343) (262)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (8) 56 (24)
Income taxes payable 16 42 (41)
Termination of interest rate swap agreements 0 54 0
Other assets and liabilities, net (26) 25 (42)
Net cash provided by operating activities 1,175 1,069 821
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired (581) (139) (67)
Proceeds from disposition of business 1 270 0
Escrow proceeds associated with disposition of business 25 0 0
Capital expenditures (252) (293) (263)
Investment in equity method investee 0 0 (33)
Decrease in investments and other assets 2 10 1
Net cash used in investing activities (805) (152) (362)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from borrowings 205 1,869 2,453
Repayments of debt (182) (1,724) (2,537)
Purchases of treasury stock (465) (590) (224)
Exercise of stock options 130 73 60
Employee payroll tax withholdings on stock issued under stock-based compensation plans (23) (10) (7)
Dividends paid (247) (223) (212)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (51) (41) (42)
Sale of noncontrolling interest in subsidiary 4 0 63
Payment of deferred business acquisition consideration (3) 0 (51)
Other financing activities, net 40 (45) (21)
Net cash used in financing activities (592) (691) (518)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (222) 226 (59)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 359 133 192
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 137 $ 359 $ 133