10-Q 1 form10_3q2006.htm FORM 10Q-THIRD QTR 2006 Form 10Q-Third Qtr 2006
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

                                                             (Mark One)
[x]
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2006

or
 
[ ]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from _____________ to _____________


Commission File Number: 1-12109
 

DELTA FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
11-3336165
(State or other jurisdiction of
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
Identification No.)

1000 Woodbury Road, Suite 200, Woodbury, New York 11797

(Address of principal executive offices)

(516) 364 - 8500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

No Change

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes [ x ]  No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer [ ]                                   Accelerated filer [ x ]                                   Non-accelerated filer [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes [ ]  No [ x ]

As of October 31, 2006, 23,423,711 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, were outstanding.
 

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
   
Page No.
Item 1.
Financial Statements
 
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (unaudited)
1
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 (unaudited)
 2
     
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 (unaudited)
 3
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 (unaudited)
 4
     
 
6
     
Item 2.
25
     
Item 3.
53
     
Item 4.
57
     
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
     
Item 1.
58
     
Item 1A.
61
     
Item 6.
67
     
68




PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 - Financial Statements.
DELTA FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in thousands, except for share data)

   
At
September 30, 2006
 
At
December 31, 2005
 
           
Assets:
         
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
5,107
 
$
4,673
 
               
Mortgage loans held for investment, net of discounts and deferred origination fees
   
5,961,792
   
4,663,662
 
        Less: Allowance for loan losses
   
(50,833
)
 
(36,832
)
     Mortgage loans held for investment, net
   
5,910,959
   
4,626,830
 
               
Trustee receivable
   
64,791
   
56,164
 
Accrued interest receivable
   
38,154
   
26,952
 
Excess cashflow certificates
   
457
   
7,789
 
Equipment, net
   
8,021
   
6,688
 
Accounts receivable
   
4,683
   
5,123
 
Prepaid and other assets
   
39,067
   
30,508
 
Deferred tax asset
   
49,758
   
54,875
 
     Total assets
 
$
6,120,997
 
$
4,819,602
 
               
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
             
Liabilities:
             
Bank payable
 
$
1,690
 
$
1,921
 
Warehouse financing
   
55,297
   
222,843
 
Financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net
   
5,845,277
   
4,436,938
 
Other borrowings
   
5,107
   
4,785
 
Accrued interest payable
   
22,081
   
13,091
 
Accounts payable and other liabilities
   
47,808
   
33,242
 
     Total liabilities
   
5,977,260
   
4,712,820
 
               
Stockholders’ Equity:
             
Common stock, $.01 par value. Authorized 49,000,000 shares; 23,510,612 and 20,736,362 shares issued and 23,393,812 and
    20,619,562 shares outstanding at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively
   
234
   
207
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
141,521
   
121,561
 
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)
   
3,334
   
(15,077
)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
   
(34
)
 
2,536
 
Unearned common stock held by stock incentive plan
   
--
   
(1,127
)
Treasury stock, at cost (116,800 shares)
   
(1,318
)
 
(1,318
)
     Total stockholders’ equity
   
143,737
   
106,782
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
$
6,120,997
 
$
4,819,602
 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

1


DELTA FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

 
   
For the Three Months
Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months
Ended September 30,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2006
 
2005
 
                   
Interest income
 
$
122,313
 
$
79,359
 
$
337,022
 
$
200,392
 
Interest expense
   
84,734
   
46,949
   
228,294
   
111,221
 
     Net interest income
   
37,579
   
32,410
   
108,728
   
89,171
 
Provision for loan losses
   
6,874
   
6,586
   
20,276
   
20,928
 
     Net interest income after provision for loan losses
   
30,705
   
25,824
   
88,452
   
68,243
 
                           
Non-interest income:
                         
     Net gain on sale of mortgage loans
   
9,659
   
7,494
   
23,987
   
19,414
 
     Other income
   
1,815
   
6,263
   
9,447
   
11,659
 
        Total non-interest income
   
11,474
   
13,757
   
33,434
   
31,073
 
                           
Non-interest expense:
                         
     Payroll and related costs
   
16,505
   
16,769
   
50,098
   
46,950
 
     General and administrative
   
12,548
   
11,347
   
36,360
   
31,241
 
     Loss (gain) on derivative instruments
   
262
   
548
   
(161
)
 
866
 
        Total non-interest expense
   
29,315
   
28,664
   
86,297
   
79,057
 
                           
Income before income tax expense
   
12,864
   
10,917
   
35,589
   
20,259
 
     Provision for income tax expense
   
4,904
   
4,283
   
13,802
   
7,991
 
Net income
 
$
7,960
 
$
6,634
 
$
21,787
 
$
12,268
 
                           
Comprehensive Income:
                         
     Other comprehensive (loss) income
   
(7,649
)
 
3,899
   
(2,570
)
 
2,689
 
     Comprehensive income
 
$
311
 
$
10,533
 
$
19,217
 
$
14,957
 
                           
Per Share Data:
                         
     Basic - weighted average number of shares outstanding
   
23,213,262
   
20,366,675
   
22,214,538
   
20,329,228
 
     Diluted - weighted average number of shares outstanding
   
23,978,901
   
21,290,527
   
23,021,825
   
21,268,832
 
                           
     Net income applicable to common shares
 
$
7,960
 
$
6,634
 
$
21,787
 
$
12,268
 
                           
     Basic earnings per share - net income
 
$
0.34
 
$
0.33
 
$
0.98
 
$
0.60
 
     Diluted earnings per share - net income
 
$
0.33
 
$
0.31
 
$
0.95
 
$
0.58
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

2


DELTA FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006
(Dollars in thousands)

   
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in Capital
 
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
 
Unearned Common Stock Held by Stock Incentive Plan
 
Treasury Stock
 
Total
 
                               
Balance at December 31, 2005
 
$
207
 
$
121,561
 
$
(15,077
)
$
2,536
 
$
(1,127
)
$
(1,318
)
$
106,782
 
Stock options exercised
   
3
   
295
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
298
 
Excess tax benefit related to share-based compensation
   
--
   
872
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
872
 
Share-based compensation expense
   
--
   
615
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
615
 
Common stock issued in offering
   
25
   
19,304
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
19,329
 
Reversal of unearned common stock held by stock incentive plan
   
(1
)
 
(1,126
)
 
--
   
--
   
1,127
   
--
   
--
 
Cash dividend paid
   
--
   
--
   
(2,207
)
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
(2,207
)
Dividend declared and payable
   
--
   
--
   
(1,169
)
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
(1,169
)
Net unrealized loss on derivatives, net of tax benefit
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
(2,570
)
 
--
   
--
   
(2,570
)
Net income
   
--
   
--
   
21,787
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
21,787
 
Balance at September 30, 2006
 
$
234
 
$
141,521
 
$
3,334
 
$
(34
)
$
--
 
$
(1,318
)
$
143,737
 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

3


DELTA FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in thousands)

   
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
         
Net income
 
$
21,787
 
$
12,268
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
             
Provision for loan losses
   
20,276
   
20,928
 
Provision for (recovery of) recourse loans and secondary marketing
   
386
   
(331
)
Depreciation and amortization
   
2,518
   
1,701
 
Deferred tax expense (benefit)
   
6,760
   
(2,888
)
Deferred origination income (costs)
   
516
   
(6,476
)
Gain on change in fair value of excess cashflow certificates
   
(9,184
)
 
(11,520
)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans, net
   
(23,987
)
 
(19,414
)
Gain on sale of mortgage servicing rights
   
(144
)
 
(113
)
Amortization of bond securitizations deferred cost and premiums
   
(10,462
)
 
(2,218
)
Cash flows received from excess cashflow certificates, net of accretion
   
15,016
   
14,976
 
Proceeds from sale of excess cashflow certificates
   
1,500
   
--
 
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights
   
19,092
   
16,237
 
Share-based compensation expense
   
615
   
--
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
             
Increase in accrued interest receivable
   
(11,174
)
 
(10,715
)
Increase in trustee receivable, net
   
(8,627
)
 
(35,144
)
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable
   
440
   
(1,003
)
Increase in prepaid and other assets
   
(14,046
)
 
(6,578
)
Increase in accrued interest payable
   
8,990
   
5,430
 
Increase in accounts payable and other liabilities
   
13,417
   
11,423
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
   
33,689
   
(13,437
)
               
Cash flows from investing activities:
             
Origination of mortgage loans held for investment, net of repayments
   
(1,829,338
)
 
(2,077,025
)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans
   
539,449
   
409,442
 
Purchase of equipment
   
(3,851
)
 
(3,107
)
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(1,293,740
)
 
(1,670,690
)
               
Cash flows from financing activities:
             
(Repayment of) proceeds from warehouse financing, net
   
(167,546
)
 
28,181
 
Proceeds of financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net
   
1,410,677
   
1,656,999
 
Proceeds of other borrowings, net
   
322
   
355
 
(Decrease) increase in bank payable
   
(231
)
 
660
 
Cash dividends paid on common stock
   
(3,236
)
 
(3,047
)
Excess tax benefit related to share-based compensation
   
872
   
--
 
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock in secondary offering
   
19,329
   
--
 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
   
298
   
475
 
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
1,260,485
   
1,683,623
 
               
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
434
   
(504
)
               
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
4,673
   
5,187
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
5,107
 
$
4,683
 


4

 
 
   
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Supplemental Information:
         
     Cash paid during the period for:
         
           
Interest
 
$
219,322
 
$
101,182
 
Income taxes
 
$
9,975
 
$
12,630
 
               
Non cash transactions:
             
               
Dividends payable
 
$
1,169
 
$
1,019
 
Transfer of mortgage loans held for investment to REO, net
 
$
21,356
 
$
3,668
 
               

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


 

5


DELTA FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

(1) Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Delta Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” “we” or “us”). The consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-period financial statements to conform to the 2006 presentation.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of the results that should be expected for the entire year.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10, Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.

(2) Basis of Consolidation

       The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting and include our accounts and those of our subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

(3) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

      (a) Cash and Cash Equivalents

      For cash flow reporting purposes, cash and cash equivalents include; cash in checking accounts, cash in interest bearing deposit accounts, amounts due from banks, restricted cash and money market investments. Included in cash and cash equivalents were $4,000 and $6,000 of interest-bearing deposits with select financial institutions at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.

     Additionally, cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 included restricted cash held in various accounts totaling $21,000 and $29,000, respectively.

(b) Mortgage Loans Held for Investment, Net

Mortgage loans held for investment, net represent fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage loans that have a contractual maturity of up to 30 years that are securitized through transactions structured and accounted for as secured financings (mortgage loans held for investment - securitized) or held pending securitization (mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization). Mortgage loans held for investment are secured by residential properties and are stated at amortized cost, including the outstanding principal balance, net of the allowance for loan losses, net of discounts and net of deferred origination fees or costs.

6

Discounts related to mortgage loans held for investment are recorded from the creation of mortgage servicing assets. The allocated cost basis of mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) is recorded as an asset with an offsetting reduction (i.e., discount) in the cost basis of the mortgage loans. Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities - a replacement of FASB Statement No. 125,” the discount is measured using the relative fair values of the mortgage loans and MSRs to allocate the carrying value between the two assets. The MSRs generally are sold to a third-party servicer. The resulting discount is accreted to interest income on a level-yield basis over the estimated life of the related loans, on a pool-by-pool basis, using the interest method calculation.

Additionally, in accordance with SFAS No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases - an amendment of FASB Statements No. 13, 60, and 65 and a rescission of FASB Statement No. 17,” the net deferred origination fees or costs associated with our mortgage loans held for investment are amortized to income on a level-yield basis over the estimated life of the related loans, on a homogeneous pool basis, using the interest method calculation.

The amount of deferred nonrefundable fees is determined based on the amount of such fees collected at the time of loan closing. We determine the amount of direct loan origination costs to be deferred based on the amount of time spent and actual costs incurred by loan origination personnel in the performance of specific activities directly related to the origination of funded mortgage loans for that period. These activities include evaluating the prospective borrowers’ financial condition, evaluating and recording collateral and security arrangements, negotiating loan terms, processing loan documents and closing the loan. Management believes these estimates reflect an accurate cost structure related to loan origination efforts. Management periodically reviews its time and cost estimates to determine if updates and refinements to the deferral amounts are necessary.

The secured financing related to the mortgage loans held for investment - securitized is included in our consolidated balance sheet as financing on mortgage loans held for investment. Once the mortgage loans are securitized, we earn the net pass-through rate of interest and pay interest on our financing on mortgage loans held for investment.

We typically hold our mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization for no more than 120 days, and for 60 days on average, before they are securitized, and from time-to-time sold on a whole-loan basis, in the secondary market. During the period in which the loans are held pending securitization or whole-loan sale, we earn the coupon rate of interest paid by the borrower and pay interest to the lenders that provide our warehouse financing, to the extent that we utilize such financing. We also pay a sub-servicing fee to a third-party during the period the loans are held pending securitization or whole-loan sale. Any gains or losses on sales of mortgage loans are recognized based upon the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of the related mortgage loans sold.

(c) Allowance and Provision for Loan Losses

In connection with our mortgage loans held for investment, excluding those loans which meet the criteria for specific review under SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 5 and 15,” we established an allowance for loan losses based on our estimate of losses to be incurred in the foreseeable future. Provisions for loan losses are made for loans to the extent that we bear probable losses on these loans. Provision amounts are charged as a current period expense to operations. We charge-off uncollectible loans at the time we deem they are not probable of being collected. In order to estimate an appropriate allowance for loan losses on mortgage loans held for investment, we estimate losses using a detailed analysis of historical loan performance by product type, origination year and securitization issuance. We stratify the loans held for investment into separately identified loan pools based upon seasoning criteria. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” we believe that pooling of mortgages with similar characteristics is an appropriate methodology with which to calculate or estimate the allowance for loan losses. The results of that analysis are then applied to the current long-term mortgage portfolio and an allowance for loan losses estimate is created to take into account both known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio. Losses incurred are written-off against the allowance.

7

      In evaluating the adequacy of this allowance, there are qualitative factors and estimates that must be taken into consideration when evaluating and measuring potential expected losses on mortgage loans. These items include, but are not limited to, current performance of the loans, economic indicators that may affect the borrowers’ ability to pay, changes in the market value of the collateral, political factors and the general economic environment. As these factors and estimates are influenced by factors outside of our control, there is inherent uncertainty in these items and it is reasonably possible that they could change. In particular, if conditions were such that we were required to increase the provision for losses, any increase in the provision for losses would decrease our income for that period. Management considers the current allowance to be adequate.

In accordance with SFAS No. 114, a loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Due to the significant effects of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005 on a portion of our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio, management identified certain loans located in Federal Emergency Management Agency (“FEMA”) declared disaster areas as meeting the criteria under SFAS No. 114, thereby requiring a separate loan impairment review. Based upon the analysis performed, we identified specific mortgage loans in which the borrowers’ ability to repay the loans in accordance with their contractual terms was impaired. We assessed the extent of damage to the underlying collateral and the extent to which damaged collateral is not covered by insurance in determining the amount of specific reserves needed. At September 30, 2006, we have a specific reserve of $705,000 (which is included in the $1.0 million in specific reserves on impaired loans) for these affected loans based upon estimates of loss exposure. As additional information is obtained and processed over the coming months and quarters, we will continue to assess the need for any adjustments to our estimates and the specific reserves related to the mortgage loans in the affected areas.

Additionally, in connection with loans sold on a recourse basis (prior to 1991), we have a recourse reserve (included on the balance sheet within “accounts payable and other liabilities”), which is based on our estimate of probable losses to be borne by us under the terms of the recourse obligation. The methodology under which the recourse reserve is calculated is similar to the methodology utilized in determining the allowance for loan losses. Management considers the current recourse reserve to be adequate.

(d) Trustee Receivable

Trustee receivable principally represents any un-remitted principal and interest payments collected by the securitization trust’s third-party loan servicer subsequent to the monthly remittance cut-off date on our mortgage loans held for investment - securitized portfolio. Each month, the third-party loan servicer, on behalf of each securitization trustee, remits all of the scheduled loan payments and unscheduled principal payoffs and curtailments generally received through a mid-month cut-off date. Unscheduled principal and interest payments and prepaid principal loan payments received after the cut-off date for the current month are recorded by us as a trustee receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. The trustee or third-party loan servicer retains these unscheduled principal and interest payments until the following month’s scheduled remittance date, at which time they primarily will be used to pay down financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net.

(e) Excess Cashflow Certificates

Prior to 2004, we structured our securitization transactions to be accounted for as sales. In these transactions, the excess cashflow certificates represent one or all of the following assets: (1) residual interest (“BIO”) certificates; (2) P certificates (prepayment penalty fees); (3) payments from our interest rate cap providers; and (4) net interest margin (“NIM”) owner trust certificates. Our excess cashflow certificates are classified as “trading securities” in accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.” The amount initially recorded for the excess cashflow certificates at the date of a securitization structured as a sale reflected their then allocated fair value. The amount recorded for the excess cashflow certificates is reduced for cash distributions received, and is adjusted for income accretion and subsequent changes in the fair value. Any changes in fair value are recorded as a component of “other income” in our consolidated statement of operations. For the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded $1.7 million and $6.3 million, respectively, of other income due to an increase in the fair value of excess cashflow certificates. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded $9.2 million and $11.5 million, respectively, of income due to an increase in the fair value of excess cashflow certificates.

8

We are not aware of any active market for the sale of our excess cashflow certificates. Accordingly, our estimate of fair value is subjective. Although we believe that the assumptions we use are reasonable, there can be no assurance as to the accuracy of the assumptions or estimates. The valuation of our excess cashflow certificates requires us to forecast interest rates, mortgage principal payments, prepayments and loan loss assumptions, each of which is highly uncertain and requires a high degree of judgment. The rate used to discount the projected cash flows also is critical in the valuation of our excess cashflow certificates. Management uses internal historical mortgage loan performance data and forward London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) curves to value future expected excess cash flows. We regularly analyze and review our assumptions to determine if the expected return (interest income) on our excess cashflow certificates is within our expectations, and adjust them as deemed necessary.

The Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) issued EITF 99-20, “Recognition of Interest and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets,” which provides guidance on expected return (interest income) recognition and fair value measurement for interests, such as excess cashflow certificates, retained in a securitization transaction accounted for as a sale. In order to determine whether there has been a favorable change (increase to earnings) or an adverse change (decrease to earnings) in excess cashflow certificates, a comparison is made between (1) the present value of the excess cash flows at period end, and (2) the estimated carrying value at period end - which is based on the change from the beginning period (specifically from cash receipts) and adjusted for the required rate of return within the period (currently, the required rate of return is our discount rate of 18% per annum). If the present value of the excess cash flows at period end is greater than the carrying value at period end, the change is considered favorable. If the present value of the excess cash flows at the end of the period is less than the carrying value, the change is considered adverse. In both situations, the fair value adjustment, if any, will be equal to the excess above or the deficit below the required rate of return (the discount rate).

(f) Equipment, Net

Equipment, including leasehold improvements, is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the terms of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. Ordinary maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.

Depreciation and amortization are included in “non-interest expense - general and administrative” in our consolidated statements of operations, and amounted to approximately $892,000 and $595,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and $2.5 million and $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Accumulated depreciation and amortization totaled $15.1 million and $12.5 million at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.

(g) Real Estate Owned

Real estate owned (“REO”) represents properties acquired through, or in lieu of, foreclosure. REO properties are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated selling costs. The fair value of an REO property is determined based upon values (i.e., appraisal or broker price opinion) obtained by the third-party servicer. REO properties are evaluated periodically for recoverability and any subsequent declines in value are reserved for through a provision. Any costs incurred to maintain the REO properties are expensed as incurred. Gains or losses on the sale of REO properties are recognized upon disposition.

In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” we classify our REO as “held for sale” at the date of foreclosure. The REO properties held are actively marketed for sale by our third-party servicer at a price that is deemed reasonable in relation to the properties’ current fair values. We generally expect the REO properties to be disposed of within six months to one year after being acquired.

9

The balance of REO is included in “prepaid and other assets” on the consolidated balance sheet. We had $17.8 million and $4.4 million of REO properties as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. A provision of $240,000 and $67,000 was made during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, for the decrease in the fair value of the REO properties in “general and administrative expenses.” A provision of $786,000 and $92,000 was made during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, for the decrease in the fair value of the REO properties. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we sold $6.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively, of REO properties.

(h) Warehouse Financing

Warehouse financing represents the outstanding balance of our borrowings collateralized by mortgage loans held pending securitization. Generally, warehouse financing facilities are used as interim, short-term financing that bear interest at a fixed margin over an index, LIBOR. The outstanding balance of our warehouse financings will fluctuate based on our lending volume, cash flows from operations, other financing activities and equity transactions.

(i) Financing on Mortgage Loans Held for Investment, Net

Financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net represents the securitization debt (referred to as “asset-backed securities”) used to finance loans held for investment - securitized, along with any discounts on the financing. The balance of this account will generally increase in proportion to the increase in mortgage loans held for investment - securitized.

       Asset-backed securities are secured, or backed, by the pool of mortgage loans held by the securitization trust, which are recorded as “mortgage loans held for investment - securitized” on our consolidated balance sheet. Generally, the asset-backed security financing is comprised of a series of senior and subordinate securities with varying maturities ranging generally from one to 20 years and bearing either a fixed-rate of interest or a variable-rate of interest (representing a fixed margin over one-month LIBOR). The coupon rate of the variable-rate asset-backed securities adjusts monthly. Prior to 2004, we did not structure our securitizations as secured financings and we did not have mortgage loans held for investment or related borrowings.

Any securitization debt issuance costs are deferred and amortized, along with any discounts on the financing, on a level-yield basis over the estimated life of the debt issued. From time-to-time, we may utilize derivative instruments (cash flow hedges as defined in SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”), such as interest rate swap contracts and corridors (corresponding purchase and sale of interest rate caps with similar notional balances at different strike prices), in an effort to maintain a minimum margin or to lock in a pre-determined base interest rate on designated portions of our prospective future securitization financing (collectively, the hedged risk). (See - Note 3(n) - “Derivative Instruments” and Note 10 - “Derivative Instruments” for further information regarding hedging securitization financing).

Our securitizations are structured legally as sales and we are not legally required to make payments to the holders of the asset-backed securities. The only recourse of the asset-backed securities holders for repayment is from the underlying mortgages specifically collateralizing the debt. The assets held by the securitization trusts are not available to our general creditors. As with past securitizations, we have potential liability to each of the securitization trusts for any breach of the standard representations and warranties that we provided in connection with each securitization.

Financing on mortgage loans held for investment represent securitizations that are accounted for as financings under SFAS No. 140. In these transactions, the securitization trusts do not meet the qualifying special purpose entity (“QSPE”) criteria under SFAS No. 140 and related interpretations, due to their ability to enter into derivative contracts. Additionally, we have the option to purchase loans from the trust at our discretion. Our pre-2004 securitizations did meet the QSPE criteria, which required those securitizations to be accounted for as sales of mortgage loans.

 

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(j) Interest Income

Interest income primarily represents the sum of (a) the gross interest, net of servicing fee, we earn on mortgage loans held for investment - securitized; (b) the gross interest we earn on mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization; (c) securitization accrued bond interest (income received from the securitization trust for fixed-rate asset-backed securities at the time of securitization settlement); (d) excess cashflow certificate income; (e) interest earned on bank accounts; (f) prepayment penalty fees; and (g) amortized discounts, deferred origination costs and fees recognized on a level-yield basis.

Interest on mortgage loans is recognized as revenue when earned according to the contractual terms of the mortgages and when, in the opinion of management, it is deemed collectible. Mortgage loans are placed on non-accrual status generally when the loan becomes greater than 90 days past due, or earlier when concern exists as to the ultimate collectability of principal or interest (i.e., an impaired loan), in accordance with contractual terms of the mortgage. A non-accrual loan will be returned to accrual status when principal and interest payments are less than 90 days past due, and the loan is anticipated to be fully collectible. Cash receipts on non-accrual loans, including impaired loans, generally are applied to principal and interest in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan.

(k) Interest Expense

Interest expense primarily represents the borrowing costs under (a) our warehouse credit facilities to finance loan originations; (b) securitization debt; and (c) equipment financing. Interest expense also reflects the impact of hedge amortization and the amortization of discounts and deferred costs on a level-yield basis.

(l) Gain on Sale of Mortgage Loans

Gains on the sale of mortgage loans are recognized at settlement date and are determined by the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of the mortgage loans sold. These transactions are accounted for as sales in accordance with SFAS No. 140. Any unamortized origination fees or costs at the date of sale are included in the determination of our basis in the mortgage loans being sold, thus adjusting the gain recognized on sale.
 
We generally sell mortgage loans on a non-recourse servicing-released basis and, as such, the risk of loss or default by the borrower generally has been assumed by the purchaser. However, we generally are required to make certain representations and warranties to these purchasers relating to the borrowers’ creditworthiness, loan documentation and collateral. To the extent that we do not comply with such representations and warranties, or in the event there are early payment defaults, we may be required to repurchase loans or indemnify these purchasers for any losses from borrower defaults.

During the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we sold $196.7 million and $151.0 million, respectively, of whole-loans on a non-recourse basis. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we sold $515.5 million and $391.0 million, respectively, of whole-loans on a non-recourse basis. We establish a reserve for the contractual obligation to rebate a portion of any premium paid by a purchaser when a borrower prepays a sold mortgage loan within an agreed period. The premium recapture reserve is recorded as a liability on our consolidated financial statements when the mortgage loans are sold based on our historical experience. The provision for premium recapture is recognized at the date of sale and is included in the consolidated statements of operations as a reduction of the gain on sale of mortgage loans.

(m) Mortgage Servicing Rights Sales

We generally sell the rights to service our securitization transactions to a third-party service provider as of the securitization date. Upon the sale, we allocate a portion of the basis of the mortgage loans held for investment to the MSRs, which results in a discount to the mortgage loans held for investment. That discount is accreted as an adjustment to yield on the mortgage loans over the estimated life of the related loans, on a pool-by-pool basis, using the interest method calculation. For the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we received $6.4 million and $5.8 million, respectively, from a third-party servicer for the right to service the mortgage loans collateralizing our securitizations that were structured to be accounted for as secured financings. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we received $19.1 million and $16.2 million, respectively, from a third-party servicer for the right to service the mortgage loans collateralizing our securitizations.

11

 
 
 
(n) Derivative Instruments

We regularly issue asset-backed securities collateralized by fixed- and variable-rate mortgage loans. We are exposed to interest rate risk beginning when our mortgage loans close and are recorded as assets until permanent financing is arranged, such as when asset-backed securities are issued. Our strategy is to use derivative instruments, in the form of interest rate swap contracts, in an effort to effectively lock in a pre-determined interest rate on designated portions of our prospective future securitization financings. We also use corridors (corresponding purchase and sale of interest rate caps with similar notional balances at different strike prices) and/or amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps that are designed to mitigate our basis risk within the securitization. Both the interest rate swaps and corridors are derivative instruments that trade in liquid markets, and neither is used by us for speculative purposes.

In accordance with SFAS No. 133, all derivatives are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. When derivatives are used as hedges, specific criteria must be met, including contemporaneous documentation, in order to qualify for hedge accounting. Under SFAS No. 133, cash flow hedge accounting is permitted only if a hedging relationship is properly documented and qualifying criteria are satisfied. For derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments, all gains or losses, whether realized or unrealized, are recognized in current period earnings.

Cash flow hedge accounting is appropriate for hedges of forecasted interest payments associated with future periods - whether as a consequence of interest to be paid on existing variable-rate liabilities or in connection with intended debt issuances.

Under cash flow hedge accounting treatment, derivative results are divided into two portions, “effective” and “ineffective.” The effective portion of the derivative's gain or loss initially is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the forecasted interest payments affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is reported in earnings immediately.

To qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment, all of the following factors must be met:

 
·
hedges must be documented, with the objective and strategy stated, along with an explicit description of the methodology used to assess and measure hedge effectiveness;
     
 
·
dates (or periods) for the expected forecasted events and the nature of the exposure involved (including quantitative measures of the size of the exposure) must be explicitly documented;
     
 
·
hedges must be expected to be “highly effective” both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis. Effectiveness measures must relate the gains or losses of the derivative to the changes in cash flows associated with the hedged item;
     
 
·
forecasted transactions must be probable; and
     
 
·
forecasted transactions must be made with different counterparties than the reporting entity.

If and when hedge accounting is discontinued, typically when it is determined that the hedge no longer qualifies for hedge accounting, the derivative will continue to be recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at its fair value, with gains or losses being recorded in earnings. Any amounts previously recorded in OCI related to the discontinued hedge are accreted or amortized to earnings over the remaining duration of the hedged item.

If a hedge fails the assessment of hedge effectiveness test (the ratio of the outstanding balance of the hedged item (debt) to the notional amount of the hedge exceeds 125% or falls below 80%, since the notional amount varies) at any time, and therefore is not expected to be “highly effective” at achieving offsetting changes in cash flows, the hedge ceases to qualify for cash flow hedge accounting. An assessment analysis is then prepared by management to determine the prospective treatment of the hedges that failed the retrospective test to determine if any portion of the hedge may still qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment. If the analysis indicates future effectiveness for a portion of the hedge, the original hedge will effectively be allocated into two pieces, a trading security (ineffective portion) and “new hedge relationship” (effective portion).

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The “new hedge relationship” is determined by re-aligning the hedge with the projected remaining bond balances (debt) as of the date the original hedge became retrospectively ineffective. The ratio of the outstanding balance of the debt to notional size of the revised hedge will then be 100% as of the re-alignment date. The expected repayment pattern of the debt associated to the original hedge is used as the basis to establish the “new hedge relationship” future repayment pattern. The difference between the fair value of the original hedge and the “new hedge relationship” hedge on the re-alignment date is classified as a trading security. Once classified as a trading security, any changes in the fair value are recorded directly to the statement of operations as a component of gain or loss on derivative instruments.

(4) Recent Accounting Developments

Fair Value Measurements. In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 during the first quarter of 2008 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations, but we are currently in the process of assessing the impact that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have on our financial statements.

Prior Year Misstatements. In September 2006, the SEC Staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 108, "Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements," which addresses how the effects of prior year uncorrected misstatements should be considered when quantifying misstatements in current year financial statements. SAB No. 108 will require registrants to quantify misstatements using both the balance sheet and income-statement approaches and to evaluate whether either approach results in quantifying an error that is material in light of relevant quantitative and qualitative factors. When the effect of initial adoption is determined to be material, SAB No. 108 allows registrants to record that effect as a cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The requirements are effective for annual financial statements covering the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. We are in the process of assessing the effect, if any, of SAB No. 108 on our consolidated financial statements.

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.” FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Only tax positions meeting a “more-likely-than-not” threshold of being sustained are recognized under FIN No. 48. FIN No. 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification of interest and penalties and accounting and disclosures for annual and interim financial statements. FIN No. 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The cumulative effect of the changes arising from the initial application of FIN No. 48 is required to be reported as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. We currently are evaluating the impact, if any, that the adoption of FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets. In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets - an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140.” SFAS No. 156 amends SFAS No. 140 with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. SFAS No. 156 requires, among other things, that (1) an entity recognize a servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract under certain situations; and (2) all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities initially be measured at fair value, if practicable.

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SFAS No. 156 also permits an entity to choose its measurement methods for each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. At the date SFAS No. 156 is initially adopted, an entity with recognized servicing rights is permitted a one-time reclassification of available-for-sale securities to trading securities, without calling into question the treatment of other available-for-sale securities under SFAS No. 115, provided that the available-for-sale securities are identified in some manner as offsetting the entity’s exposure to changes in fair value of servicing assets or servicing liabilities that a servicer elects to subsequently measure at fair value.

Additionally required by SFAS No. 156 is the separate presentation of servicing assets and servicing liabilities subsequently measured at fair value in the statement of financial position and additional disclosures for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities.

An entity should adopt SFAS No. 156 as of the beginning of its first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. Earlier adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year, provided the entity has not yet issued financial statements, including interim financial statements, for any period of that fiscal year. An entity should apply the requirements for recognition and initial measurement of servicing assets and servicing liabilities prospectively to all transactions after the effective date of SFAS No. 156. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 156 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments. In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140,” which amends SFAS No. 133 and No. 140. SFAS No. 155, among other things, permits fair value re-measurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation and clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133. Additionally, SFAS No. 155 establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation and clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives. SFAS No. 155 amends SFAS No. 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a QSPE from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. SFAS No. 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS No. 155 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

(5) Stock-Based Compensation

Prior to January 1, 2006, we accounted for awards under our stock options plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” as permitted by SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” No stock option compensation cost was recognized in our consolidated statement of operations as all options granted had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the grant date.

Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” using the modified-prospective adoption method. Under that method of adoption, the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) generally are applied only to share-based awards granted subsequent to adoption. The consolidated financial statements for periods prior to adoption are not restated for the effects of adopting SFAS No. 123(R). Additionally, under this method, compensation cost recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 includes compensation cost for all options granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1, 2006, and all options granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R).

We have three stock benefit plans outstanding. The 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (“2005 Plan” or “SIP”) provides for the granting of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights and dividend equivalent rights (collectively referred to as “awards”). A total of 1,000,000 shares of our common stock are reserved for issuance under the 2005 Plan, subject to adjustment only in the event of a stock split, stock or other extraordinary dividend, or other similar change in our common stock or capital structure. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees. Awards other than incentive stock options may be granted to employees, directors and consultants. The term of any award granted under the 2005 Plan may not be for more than 10 years (or five years in the case of an incentive stock option granted to any participant who owns stock representing more than 10% of the combined voting power of our company or any parent or subsidiary of ours), excluding any period for which the participant has elected to defer the receipt of the shares or cash issuable pursuant to the award.

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In addition to the 2005 Plan, we have two other outstanding stock option plans. The 1996 Stock Option Plan (the “1996 Option Plan”) and 2001 Stock Option Plan (the “2001 Option Plan,” and collectively with the 1996 Option Plan, the “Option Plans”) authorized the reserve of 2,200,000 shares and 1,500,000 shares, respectively, of unissued common stock for issuance. Substantially all of the options issued under the Option Plans vest over a five-year period at 20% per year and expire seven years from the grant date. Upon the exercise of a stock option, we will issue new shares of our common stock from authorized but unissued shares.

In accordance with SFAS 123(R), our income before income tax expense and net income for the three months ended September 30, 2006 included stock option compensation cost of $119,000 and $73,000, respectively, which had no impact on basic and diluted earnings per share for the quarter. Additionally, our income before income tax expense and net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 included stock option compensation cost of $373,000 and $228,000, respectively, which had a $0.01 impact on basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the nine month period.

The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black Scholes Merton option pricing model. For options granted prior to January 1, 2006, the fair value was calculated for purposes of the SFAS No. 123 pro forma disclosures only. The weighted average assumptions used in the valuations are summarized as follows:

 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2006
 
2005
       
Expected dividend yield
2.2%
 
2.3%
Expected volatility
53.6%
 
42.1%
Risk-free interest rate
4.9%
 
4.0%
Expected term
3.7 years
 
3.7 years
Annual forfeiture rate
7.9%
 
N/A
 
The weighted average grant date fair value of the stock options granted during the three months ended September 30, 2006 was $3.51 per option. No stock options were granted during the three months ended September 30, 2005. The weighted average grant date fair value of the stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was $3.64 and $2.68, respectively, per option. For the Black Scholes Merton option pricing model, the expected term of the options is estimated based on historical option exercise activity and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our common stock. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

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The following table summarizes the option activity regarding the Option Plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2006:

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
 
 
Number of Options
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
January 1, 2006 balance
   
2,174,300
 
$
2.87
             
Options granted
   
25,000
   
9.28
             
Options exercised
   
276,500
   
1.08
             
Options expired
   
107,000
   
5.68
             
Options forfeited
   
17,800
   
3.23
             
September 30, 2006 balance
   
1,798,000
 
$
3.07
   
3.0 years
 
$
10,980
 
Options fully vested and exercisable
   
1,303,267
 
$
1.89
   
2.4 years
 
$
9,479
 

 The intrinsic value of a stock option is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the option. The total intrinsic value of the stock options exercised during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was $259,000 and $170,000, respectively. The total intrinsic value of the stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was $2.2 million and $780,000, respectively. As of September 30, 2006, there was $863,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested options under the Option Plans. The unrecognized compensation cost at September 30, 2006 is expected to be recognized over 4.9 years.

Cash received from option exercises under the Option Plans for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, was $51,000 and $53,000, respectively. Cash received from option exercises under the Option Plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, was $298,000 and $210,000, respectively. The actual tax benefit for the tax deductions from option exercises totaled $101,000 and $56,000, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. The actual tax benefit for the tax deductions from option exercises totaled $872,000 and $263,000, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. The fair value of the shares that vested during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, totaled $119,000 and $127,000, respectively. The fair value of the shares that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, totaled $431,000 and $383,000, respectively.

Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), unearned compensation for grants of restricted stock equivalent to the fair value of the shares at the date of grant was recorded as unearned common stock held by stock incentive plan, a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The unearned compensation was amortized to compensation expense over the restricted stock award’s vesting period. In accordance with the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) on January 1, 2006, we reclassified the unearned compensation from unearned common stock held by the SIP to additional paid-in-capital within stockholders’ equity.

Our income before income tax expense and net income for the three months ended September 30, 2006 included a restricted stock award compensation cost of $80,000 and $48,000, respectively, which had no impact on basic and diluted earnings per share for the quarter. Additionally, our income before income tax expense and net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 included restricted stock award compensation cost of $242,000 and $147,000, respectively, which had a $0.01 impact on basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. No restricted stock awards were outstanding during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) did not have a material impact on our statement of operations related to restricted stock awards. The status of our non-vested restricted stock awards as of September 30, 2006, and changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, is set forth in the following table:

 

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Number of Shares
 
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
 
           
Non-vested restricted stock awards at January 1, 2006
   
157,275
 
$
7.46
 
Granted
   
--
   
--
 
Vested
   
--
   
--
 
Forfeited
   
2,250
   
7.46
 
Non-vested restricted stock awards at September 30, 2006
   
155,025
 
$
7.46
 
 
As of September 30, 2006, there was $869,000 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested restricted stock awards granted under the 2005 Plan. The unrecognized expense is expected to be recognized over a period of 4.1 years.

Share-based employee awards granted for the year ended December 31, 2005 and prior years were accounted for under the intrinsic-value-based method prescribed by APB Opinion No. 25, as permitted by SFAS No. 123. Therefore, no compensation expense was recognized for unmodified stock options issued for years prior to 2006 that had no intrinsic value on the date of grant.

SFAS No. 123(R) requires the disclosure of pro-forma information for periods prior to adoption. The following table illustrates the pro forma net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 as if the fair-value-based method of SFAS No. 123 had been applied to account for stock-based compensation expenses:

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
For the Three Months Ended
September 30, 2005
 
For the Nine
Months Ended September 30, 2005
 
Net income, as reported
 
$
6,634
 
$
12,268
 
Deduct total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair-value-based method for all awards, net of tax
   
83
   
322
 
Pro forma net income applicable to common shares
 
$
6,551
 
$
11,946
 
               
Earnings per share:
             
Basic - as reported
 
$
0.33
 
$
0.60
 
Basic - pro forma
 
$
0.32
 
$
0.59
 
Diluted - as reported
 
$
0.31
 
$
0.58
 
Diluted - pro forma
 
$
0.31
 
$
0.56
 

       We estimate the fair value of our stock options using a Black Scholes Merton option pricing model, which is used in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. Stock option valuation models require the input of assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. Our stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in the input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimates.

(6) Mortgage Loans Held for Investment, Net and Allowance for Loan Losses

Mortgage loans held for investment represents our basis in the mortgage loans that either were delivered to securitization trusts (denoted as mortgage loans held for investment - securitized) or are pending delivery into future securitizations (denoted as mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization), net of discounts, deferred origination fees and allowance for loan losses.

17

Mortgage loans held for investment - securitized is comprised of the mortgage loans collateralizing our outstanding securitization asset-backed securities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we closed securitization transactions totaling $2.5 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively, which were structured to be accounted for as a secured financing and which were collateralized by $2.5 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively, of mortgage loans held for investment - securitized. Mortgage loans held for investment - securitized had a weighted-average interest rate of 8.12% and 7.77% per annum at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.

Mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization is comprised of mortgage loans to be included in a securitization and, to a lesser extent, an amount of loans that may be sold on a whole-loan basis. Included in our mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, was approximately $55.3 million and $222.8 million, respectively, of loans that were pledged as collateral for our warehouse financings. Mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization had a weighted-average interest rate of 9.19% and 8.35% per annum at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.

The following table presents a summary of mortgage loans held for investment, net at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
At September 30,
2006
 
At December 31, 2005
 
Mortgage loans held for investment - securitized (1)
 
$
5,881,758
 
$
4,430,775
 
Mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization (1)
   
131,450
   
270,372
 
Discounts (MSR related)
   
(35,707
)
 
(26,750
)
Net deferred origination fees
   
(15,709
)
 
(10,735
)
Allowance for loan losses
   
(50,833
)
 
(36,832
)
Mortgage loans held for investment, net
 
$
5,910,959
 
$
4,626,830
 

(1) Included in the outstanding balance of the mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 were impaired loans located in the Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disaster areas designated by FEMA of approximately $1.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively (of which $313,000 and $798,000, respectively, were pre-securitization loans).

For the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded interest income related to our mortgage loans held for investment - securitized of $110.2 million and $69.7 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded interest income related to our mortgage loans held for investment - securitized, net of $300.4 million and $173.1 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded interest income related to our mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization of $9.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded interest income related to our mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization, net of $26.7 million and $21.3 million, respectively.

The following table presents a summary of the activity for the allowance for loan losses on all mortgage loans held for investment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
For the Three Months
Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months
Ended September 30,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2006
 
2005
 
Beginning balance
 
$
46,326
 
$
23,983
 
$
36,832
 
$
10,278
 
Provision (1)
   
6,874
   
6,586
   
20,276
   
20,928
 
Charge-offs (2)
   
(2,367
)
 
(782
)
 
(6,275
)
 
(1,419
)
Ending balance
 
$
50,833
 
$
29,787
 
$
50,833
 
$
29,787
 

(1)  The provision for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 includes $61,000 and $82,000, respectively, of specific provision, which is net of reversals of $469,000 and $745,000, respectively, related to estimated losses attributable to impaired loans in Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disaster areas.

(2)  The charge-offs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 include $70,000 and $352,000, respectively, of charge-offs against the specific allowance for loan losses attributable to impaired loans in Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disaster areas.

18

The allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 contains $1.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of specific reserves related to impaired loans. The majority of the specific reserve relates to the significant effect Hurricanes Katrina and Rita had on a select portion of our loan portfolio. Management identified specific loans located in FEMA declared disaster areas as being impaired and requiring a specific reserve. Based upon our estimated loss exposure attributable to 14 properties securing a total unpaid principal balance of $1.5 million in the affected areas at September 30, 2006, our allowance for loan losses includes a specific reserve of $705,000 related to probable losses attributable to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita affected loans. As additional information is obtained and processed over the coming months and quarters, we will continue to assess the need for any adjustments to our specific reserves related to the mortgage loans in the affected areas. As of September 30, 2006 we also identified four additional impaired loans, with an unpaid principal balance totaling $973,000, requiring a specific reserve that were not related to Hurricane Katrina and Rita.

As of September 30, 2006, December 31, 2005 and September 30, 2005, we had $253.9 million, $123.0 million and $79.3 million, respectively, of mortgage loans held for investment that were 90 days or more delinquent under their payment terms, all of which were on non-accrual status. If the non-accrual mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2006 and 2005 performed in accordance with their contractual loan terms, we would have recognized an additional $4.3 million and $1.9 million of interest income during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and an additional $9.5 million and $3.7 million of interest income during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We expect the amount of non-accrual mortgage loans to change over time depending on a number of factors, such as the growth or decline in the size of our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio, the maturity of the loan portfolio, the number and dollar value of problem loans that are recognized and resolved through collection efforts made by our third-party servicer, and the amount of charge-offs. Additionally, the performance of our mortgage loans can be affected by external factors, such as economic and employment conditions, or other factors related to the individual borrower. More detailed delinquency information regarding the loans collateralizing each of our securitizations (which comprise our mortgage loans held for investment - securitized portfolio) is available on our website at www.deltafinancial.com/regAB.htm.

Our recorded investment in impaired loans at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was $2.4 million (including $1.5 million of impaired loans that are Hurricane Katrina and Rita related) and $3.9 million (all were Hurricane Katrina and Rita related), respectively. We had no loans classified as impaired prior to December 31, 2005. We have a related allowance for these impaired loans totaling $1.0 million ($705,000 relates to Hurricane Katrina and Rita affected loans) and $1.7 million at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. The average recorded investment in impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 was $3.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively. We recorded $66,000 and $187,000 of interest income, based upon the cash received, on the loans classified as impaired during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. We recorded no interest income on impaired loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, as we held no loans classified as impaired during either period.

 

19


(7) Excess Cashflow Certificates

The following table presents the activity related to our excess cashflow certificates for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
For the Nine
Months Ended
September 30, 2006
 
For the
Year Ended
December 31, 2005
 
Balance, beginning of year
 
$
7,789
 
$
14,933
 
Excess cashflow certificates sold
   
(1,500
)
 
--
 
Accretion
   
433
   
1,593
 
Cash receipts
   
(15,449
)
 
(23,146
)
Net change in fair value
   
9,184
   
14,409
 
Balance, end of period
 
$
457
 
$
7,789
 
 
       In accordance with EITF 99-20, we regularly analyze and review our assumptions to determine that the actual rate of return (interest income) on our excess cashflow certificates is within our expected rate of return. The expected rate of return is recorded as a component of interest income. Any return that either is greater than or less than the expected rate of return is reflected as a fair value adjustment and is recorded as a component of “other income” in the consolidated statement of operations. For the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded interest income related to our excess cashflow certificates of $53,000 and $311,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded interest income related to our excess cashflow certificates of $433,000 and $1.2 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded fair value gain in income related to our excess cashflow certificates of $1.7 million and $6.3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded fair value gain in income related to our excess cashflow certificates of $9.2 million and $11.5 million, respectively. Additionally, we sold at fair value, $1.5 million of excess cashflow certificates during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. We had no sales of excess cashflow certificates during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 or during the nine months ended September 30, 2005.

Our valuation of retained excess cashflow certificates is highly dependent upon the reasonableness of our assumptions and the predictiveness of the relationships that drive the results of our valuation model. The assumptions we utilize are complex, as we must make judgments about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. As the number of variables and assumptions affecting the possible future resolution of the uncertainties increase, those judgments become even more complex. In volatile markets, like those we have experienced over the past several years, there is increased risk that our actual results may vary significantly from our assumed results. The longer the time period the uncertainty exists, the greater the potential for volatility in our valuation assumptions and the fair value of our excess cashflow certificates.

Since we began structuring our securitizations to be accounted for as secured financings, we no longer record excess cashflow certificates on our consolidated balance sheet for our newly issued securitizations.

(8) Warehouse Financing

Our warehouse lines of credit are collateralized by specific mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization, the balances of which are equal to or greater than the outstanding balances under the warehouse lines at any point in time. The amounts available under these warehouse lines are based on the amount of the collateral pledged. The amount we have outstanding on our warehouse facilities at any quarter end generally is a function of our mortgage loan originations relative to the timing of our securitizations and whole-loan sales.

 

20


The following table summarizes information regarding warehouse financing at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005:

(Dollars in thousands)
               
           
Balance at
   
Warehouse Line of Credit
 
Facility Amount
 
Interest Rate
 
9/30/06
 
12/31/05
 
Expiration Date
Bank of America (1)
 
$                       350,000
 
Margin over LIBOR
 
$                   53,525
 
$                           --
 
August 2007
RBS Greenwich Capital (2)
 
350,000
 
Margin over LIBOR
 
1,772
 
77,931
 
November 2007
Citigroup
 
350,000
 
Margin over LIBOR
 
--
 
144,912
 
May 2007
JP Morgan Chase (3)
 
350,000
 
Margin over LIBOR
 
--
 
--
 
May 2007
Total
 
$                    1,400,000
     
$                   55,297
 
$                 222,843
   

(1)  In August 2006, we extended our warehouse financing facility with Bank of America to August 2007. The extended warehouse facility is comprised of a $175.0 million committed line and a $175.0 million uncommitted line.

(2)  In November 2006, we extended our warehouse financing facility with RBS Greenwich Capital to November 2007. The extended warehouse facility is comprised of a $200.0 million committed line and a $150.0 million uncommitted line.

(3)  In May 2006 we entered into a new warehouse financing facility with JP Morgan Chase. The JP Morgan Chase warehouse facility amount is comprised of a $200.0 million committed line and a $150.0 million uncommitted line.

As securitization transactions are completed, a substantial portion of the proceeds from the long-term debt issued in the securitization is used to pay down our warehouse lines of credit. Therefore, the outstanding amount of warehouse financing will fluctuate from quarter to quarter, and could be significantly higher or lower than the $55.3 million we held at September 30, 2006, as our mortgage production and securitization programs continue.

The terms of our warehouse agreements require us to comply with various operating and financial covenants, which are customary for agreements of this type. The continued availability of funds provided to us under these agreements is subject to, among other conditions, our continued compliance with these covenants. We believe that we are in compliance with such covenants as of September 30, 2006.

(9) Financing on Mortgage Loans Held for Investment, Net

For the 11 securitizations completed since the beginning of 2004, the securitization trust or special purpose entity (“SPE”) holds mortgage loans, referred to as “securitization loans,” and issues debt represented by securitization asset-backed securities. Accordingly, the securitization loans are recorded as an asset on our consolidated balance sheet under “mortgage loans held for investment, net” and the corresponding securitization debt is recorded as a liability under “financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net.” Since these securitizations were structured as financings, we record interest income from the securitized loans and interest expense from the asset-backed securities issued in connection with each securitization over the life of the securitization. Deferred securitization debt issuance costs are amortized on a level-yield basis over the estimated life of the asset-backed securities.

We primarily finance our mortgage loans through the securitization market, issuing asset-backed securities. We expect to continue to build our loan portfolio and fund our mortgage loans using asset-backed securities issued in the securitization market. We believe that issuing asset-backed securities provides us a low cost method of financing our mortgage loan portfolio. In addition, it allows us to reduce our interest rate risk on our fixed-rate loans by securitizing them. Our ability to issue asset-backed securities depends on the overall performance of our assets, as well as the continued general demand for securities backed by non-conforming mortgage loans.

At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the outstanding financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net consisted of $5.8 billion and $4.4 billion, respectively.


21


The following table summarizes the expected maturities on our secured financings at September 30, 2006:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total
 
Less than
One Year
 
One to
Three Years
 
Three to
Five Years
 
More than
Five Years
 
                       
Securitization asset-backed securities, net
 
$
5,845,277
 
$
2,183,474
 
$
2,226,865
 
$
788,201
 
$
646,737
 

Amounts shown above reflect estimated repayments based on anticipated receipt of principal and interest on the underlying mortgage loan collateral using similar prepayment speed assumptions as we use to value our excess cashflow certificates. The funds used to repay these securitization asset-backed securities are generated solely from the underlying mortgage loans held for investment for each particular securitization trust. We have no recourse obligation to repay these securitization asset-backed securities, except for the standard representations and warranties typically made as part of a sale of loans on a non-recourse basis.

(10) Derivative Instruments

We account for our derivative financial instruments such as corridors and interest rate swaps (including amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps) as cash flow hedges. We utilize both corridors and amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps to hedge our interest payments on securitization variable-rate debt, while we utilize interest rate swaps to hedge uncertain cash flows associated with future securitization financing. At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the fair value of our corridors totaled $4.2 million and $11.7 million, respectively, and the fair value of our interest rate swaps (including amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps) totaled losses of $1.4 million and $210,000, respectively. The fair value of our corridors and interest rate swaps are recorded as a component of other assets or other liabilities.

As of September 30, 2006, the effective portion of the changes in fair value of the corridors, interest rate swaps and any gains on terminated swaps are recorded as components of accumulated OCI and total, net of tax, gains of $274,000, losses of $880,000 and gains of $572,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2005, the effective portion of the changes in fair value of the corridors, interest rate swaps and any gains on terminated swaps are recorded as components of accumulated OCI, and total, net of tax, gains of $1.9 million, losses of $128,000 and gains of $755,000, respectively. Accumulated OCI or loss relating to cash flow hedging is reclassified to earnings as a yield adjustment to interest expense as the interest payments affect earnings. Hedge ineffectiveness associated with hedges resulted in losses of $99,000 and $553,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Ineffectiveness associated with hedges resulted in gains of $40,000 and losses of $871,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

If a hedge fails the assessment of hedge effectiveness test (the ratio of the outstanding balance of the hedged item (debt) to the notional amount of the hedge exceeds 125% or falls below 80%, since the notional amount varies) at any time, and therefore is not expected to be “highly effective” at achieving offsetting changes in cash flows, the hedge ceases to qualify for hedge accounting. At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we held $258,000 and $1.7 million, respectively, of hedges (specifically corridors) classified as trading securities in prepaid and other assets as these hedges were no longer deemed highly effective, as the ratio of the outstanding balance of the hedged item (debt) to the notional amount of the hedge was outside of the range of 80% to 125%. During the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, a loss of $163,000 and a gain of $6,000, respectively, was recorded to earnings on the changes in fair value of the hedges held as trading securities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, a gain of $121,000 and $6,000, respectively, was recorded to earnings on the changes in fair value of the hedges held as trading securities.

 

22


The following table summarizes the notional amount, expected maturities and weighted-average strike price for the corridors and amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps that we held as of September 30, 2006:

(Dollars in thousands, except average strike price and rate)
 
Total
 
One Year
 
Two Years
 
Three Years
 
Four Years
 
Five Years & Thereafter
 
Caps bought - notional
 
$
1,309,123
 
$
878,486
 
$
270,984
 
$
39,803
 
$
30,158
 
$
89,692
 
Weighted average strike price
 
$
6.67
 
$
6.11
 
$
7.31
 
$
7.46
 
$
7.46
 
$
7.42
 
                                       
Caps sold - notional
 
$
1,309,123
 
$
878,486
 
$
270,984
 
$
39,803
 
$
30,158
 
$
89,692
 
Weighted average strike price
 
$
9.01
 
$
8.78
 
$
9.33
 
$
9.27
 
$
9.27
 
$
9.30
 
                                       
Amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps:
                       
    Notional
 
$
228,135
 
$
93,856
 
$
85,937
 
$
46,323
 
$
2,019
 
$
--
 
    Weighted average rate
 
$
5.30
 
$
5.30
 
$
5.29
 
$
5.28
 
$
5.18
 
$
--
 

The notional amount of the corridors totaled $2.5 billion at December 31, 2005. We had no amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps at December 31, 2005.

(11) Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Accumulated OCI is comprised of our net unrealized gains or losses on derivatives. The components of OCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and for the year ended December 31, 2005 are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Before Tax Amount
 
Tax Expense (Benefit)
 
After Tax Amount
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2006:
             
    Net unrealized holding gains on derivatives arising during the period
 
$
2,903
 
$
(1,132
)
$
1,771
 
    Reclassification adjustment for loss on derivatives included in net income
   
(7,116
)
 
2,775
   
(4,341
)
    Other comprehensive loss
 
$
(4,213
)
$
1,643
 
$
(2,570
)
                     
For the year ended December 31, 2005:
                   
    Net unrealized holding gains on derivatives arising during the year
 
$
3,896
 
$
(1,519
)
$
2,377
 
    Reclassification adjustment for gain on derivatives included in net income
   
3,879
   
(1,513
)
 
2,366
 
    Other comprehensive income
 
$
7,775
 
$
(3,032
)
$
4,743
 
 
(12) Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share (“EPS”) are computed in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share.” Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period presented. The computation of diluted EPS gives effect to stock options (except for those stock options with an exercise price greater than the average market price of our common stock during the period) and other share-based awards outstanding during the applicable periods. The following is a reconciliation of the denominators used in the computations of basic and diluted EPS. The numerator for calculating both basic and diluted EPS is net income.

23


   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
2006
 
2005
 
2006
 
2005
 
Net income, as reported
 
$
7,960
 
$
6,634
 
$
21,787
 
$
12,268
 
Less preferred stock dividends
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
 
Net income available to common stockholders
 
$
7,960
 
$
6,634
 
$
21,787
 
$
12,268
 
                           
Basic - weighted-average shares
   
23,213,262
   
20,366,675
   
22,214,538
   
20,329,228
 
Basic EPS
 
$
0.34
 
$
0.33
 
$
0.98
 
$
0.60
 
                           
Basic - weighted-average shares
   
23,213,262
   
20,366,675
   
22,214,538
   
20,329,228
 
Incremental shares-options (1) (2)
   
765,639
   
923,852
   
807,287
   
939,604
 
Diluted - weighted-average shares
   
23,978,901
   
21,290,527
   
23,021,825
   
21,268,832
 
Diluted EPS (1) (2)
 
$
0.33
 
$
0.31
 
$
0.95
 
$
0.58
 

(1) For each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, approximately 1.8 million in-the-money employee stock options and approximately 155,000 restricted stock awards are included in the calculation of diluted EPS, while approximately 25,000 of out-of-the-money employee stock options have been excluded as they are anti-dilutive.

(2) For each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, approximately 2.1 million in-the-money employee stock options are included in the calculation of diluted EPS, while approximately 70,000 of out-of-the-money employee stock options have been excluded as they are anti-dilutive.

On April 6, 2006, we announced the pricing of a private placement of 2,500,000 newly issued shares, from authorized but unissued shares, of our common stock at a price of $8.25 per share to a combination of new and existing institutional investors. The offering closed on April 10, 2006. We received proceeds of approximately $19.3 million, after deducting expenses payable in connection with this offering. The proceeds were used to repay warehouse financings and originate mortgage loans.

(13) Subsequent Events

We paid a cash dividend of $0.05 per share of common stock on October 4, 2006 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on September 25, 2006.

During October 2006, we entered into a new $350.0 million warehouse facility with Deutsche Bank. The facility amount is comprised of a $200.0 million committed line and a $150.0 million uncommitted line. The terms of the new warehouse agreement are customary and are consistent with the terms of our other existing warehouse facilities. The addition of the Deutsche Bank warehouse line of credit, which will expire in October 2007, raised our total warehouse facilities amount to $1.75 billion.


 

24



This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”) should be read in conjunction with the more detailed and comprehensive disclosures included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. In addition, please read this section in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements herein, and please see “Part II - Item 1A. - Risk Factors.”

General

We are a national specialty consumer finance company that originates, securitizes and sells non-conforming mortgage loans. Our loans are primarily secured by first mortgages on one- to four-family residential properties. Throughout our 24-year operating history, we have focused on lending to individuals who generally do not satisfy the credit, documentation or other underwriting standards set by more traditional sources of mortgage credit, including those entities that make loans in compliance with conforming lending guidelines of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. We make mortgage loans to these borrowers for purposes such as debt consolidation, refinancing, education, home purchase and home improvements. We provide our customers with a variety of loan products designed to meet their needs, using a risk-based pricing strategy to develop products for different risk categories. Historically, the majority of our loan production has been fixed-rate with amortization schedules ranging from five years to 30 years.

       We make mortgage loans to individual borrowers, which are a cash outlay for us. At the time we originate a loan, and prior to the time we securitize or sell the loan, we either finance the loan by borrowing under our warehouse lines of credit or by utilizing our available working capital. During the time we hold the loans prior to securitization or whole-loan sale, we earn interest income from the borrower. The income is partially offset by any interest we pay to our warehouse creditors for providing us with financing. Additionally, we pay a third-party servicer a sub-servicing fee to perform the servicing of the mortgage loans during this pre-securitization or pre-sale holding period.

Following this initial holding period, we either securitize our loans or sell them on a whole-loan basis, using the net proceeds from these transactions to repay our warehouse lines of credit and for working capital. Since the first quarter of 2004, we have structured our securitizations to be accounted for as on-balance sheet financings, in which we record interest income on the outstanding portfolio of loans in each securitization trust and interest expense from the pass-through securities issued by each securitization trust over time. Prior to 2004, we structured our securitizations to be accounted for as sales, which required us to record cash and non-cash revenues as gain-on-sale at the time the securitizations were completed. When we sell loans on a whole-loan basis, we record the premiums received upon sale as revenue, net of any premium recapture reserves. (See “Origination of Mortgage Loans - Securitizations and Whole-Loan Sales”).

Origination of Mortgage Loans

We originate mortgage loans through two distribution channels, wholesale and retail. In the wholesale channel, we receive loan applications from independent third-party mortgage brokers who submit applications on the borrowers’ behalf. In the retail channel, we receive loan applications directly from borrowers. We process and underwrite the submission and, if the loan conforms to our underwriting criteria, approve the loan and lend the money to the borrower. We underwrite loan packages for approval through our Woodbury, New York headquarters, our Cincinnati, Ohio underwriting hub, or our regional offices in Phoenix, Arizona, Jacksonville, Florida and Dallas, Texas. We also purchase closed loans on a limited basis.

 

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For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we originated the following loans by origination channel and by loan type:

   
For the Three Months
Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months
Ended September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
2006
 
2005
 
Originations by channel:
                 
Wholesale
 
$
505,728
 
$
526,165
 
$
1,539,113
 
$
1,482,177
 
Retail
   
489,204
   
497,996
   
1,371,155
   
1,259,833
 
Total originations
 
$
994,932
 
$
1,024,161
 
$
2,910,268
 
$
2,742,010
 
                           
Loan type:
                         
Fixed rate
   
87.0
%
 
80.5
%
 
85.4
%
 
77.6
%
Adjustable-rate
   
13.0
   
19.5
   
14.6
   
22.4
 
     
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

      For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, we originated $994.9 million and $2.9 billion, respectively, of loans, a decrease of 2.9% and an increase of 6.1%, respectively, over the $1.0 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively, of loans originated in the comparable periods in 2005. Loan originations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 were comprised of approximately $505.7 million and $1.5 billion, respectively, of wholesale loans, representing 50.8% and 52.9%, respectively, of total loan production, and $489.2 million and $1.4 billion, respectively, of retail loans, representing 49.2% and 47.1%, respectively, of total loan production. This compares to originations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 of $526.2 million and $1.5 billion, respectively, of wholesale loans, representing 51.4% and 54.1%, respectively, of total loan production, and $498.0 million and $1.3 billion, respectively, of retail loans, representing 48.6% and 45.9%, respectively, of total loan production.

Securitizations and Whole-Loan Sales. As a fundamental part of our present business and financing strategy, we securitize a substantial portion of the mortgage loans we originate. We also sell a portion of our loans as whole loans. We select the outlet (securitization or whole-loan sale) depending on market conditions, relative profitability and cash flows. During the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, whole-loan sales comprised approximately 19.3% and 15.5%, respectively, of the total amount of our combined securitizations and whole-loan sales transactions. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, whole-loan sales comprised approximately 17.0% and 14.4%, respectively, of the total amount of our combined securitizations and whole-loan sales transactions.

The following table sets forth certain information regarding loans sold through our securitizations and on a whole-loan basis during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
2006
 
2005
 
Loan securitizations - portfolio based
 
$
824,999
 
$
825,000
 
$
2,524,977
 
$
2,324,999
 
Whole-loan sales
   
196,744
   
151,026
   
515,462
   
390,969
 
   Total securitizations and whole-loan sales
 
$
1,021,743
 
$
976,026
 
$
3,040,439
 
$
2,715,968
 

Securitizations. In a securitization, we pool together loans, typically each quarter, and convey these loans to a newly formed securitization trust. These trusts are established for the limited purpose of receiving our mortgage loans and are bankruptcy remote - meaning that purchasers of asset-backed securities may rely only on the cash flows generated from the assets held by the securitization trust for payment and not upon us for payment; likewise, the assets held by the securitization trust are not available to our general creditors, despite carrying the securitized loans and the securitization financing on our consolidated financial statements. We carry no contractual obligation related to these trusts or the loans sold to the trusts, nor do we have any direct or contingent liability related to the trusts, except for the standard representations and warranties typically made as part of a sale of loans on a non-recourse basis. Furthermore, we provide no guarantees to investors with respect to the cash flow or performance of these trusts.

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Each of our securitizations contains an overcollateralization (“O/C”) provision, which is a credit enhancement that is designed to protect the securities sold from credit losses, which arise principally from defaults on the underlying mortgage loans. In short, O/C occurs when the amount of collateral (i.e., mortgage loans) owned by a securitization trust exceeds the aggregate amount of asset-backed securities (senior note portion only).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, our securitizations required a range of O/C from 2.9% to 3.1% and from 2.8% to 3.3%, respectively, of the initial mortgage loans sold to the securitization trust.

Prior to our change in accounting in 2004 from “gain-on-sale” to “portfolio,” we recorded excess cashflow certificates generated by the securitization transactions structured as sales. As holder of the excess cashflow certificate, we receive the spread between the coupon rate on the mortgage loans and the pass-through rate paid on the asset-backed securities, after payment of servicing fees, guarantor fees and other trust expenses if the specified O/C requirements are met. Over the past several years, we have issued NIM transactions (either NIM notes or Class N Notes) simultaneously with the underlying securitization. In a NIM transaction, the rights to receive the excess cash flows generated by the pool of loans collateralizing the securitization structured as a financing, or from the excess cashflow certificates in transactions structured as sales, is transferred to a NIM investor, in exchange for an up front cash payment.

The NIM investor is paid a specified interest rate, and all cash flows generated by the excess cashflow certificate are used to pay all principal and interest on the NIM note(s) until paid in full, which typically occurs approximately 18 to 22 months from the date the NIM was issued. After the holders of the NIM have been paid in full, we receive the cash flows generated by the excess cashflow certificate.

NIM transactions generally enable us to generate upfront cash flow when the securitization and related NIM transaction close, net of funding the upfront O/C, securitization and NIM costs, which helps offset a substantial portion of our cost to originate the loans included in the transaction. We intend to continue to issue NIMs in the foreseeable future.

Each securitization trust also has the additional credit benefit of either a financial guaranty insurance policy from a monoline insurance company or a “senior-subordinated” securitization structure, or a combination of the two (referred to as a “hybrid”). In a securitization trust with a financial guaranty insurance policy that is not a hybrid, all securities are senior securities. The monoline insurance company guarantees the timely payment of principal and interest to all security holders in the event that the cash flows are not sufficient. In “senior-subordinated” securitization structures, the senior security holders are protected from losses (and payment shortfalls) first by the excess cash flows and the O/C, then by subordinated securities which absorb any losses prior to the senior security holders. In a hybrid structure, the senior securities generally have both the subordinated securities to absorb losses and a monoline insurance company that guarantees timely principal and interest payments with respect to the senior securities.

Each of our securitizations includes a series of asset-backed securities with various credit ratings, maturities and interest rates. The combined weighted average interest rate of the asset-backed securities in each securitization generally will increase over time as the shorter-term asset-backed securities with higher credit ratings and lower interest costs mature, leaving the longer-term asset-backed securities with lower credit ratings and higher interest costs remaining.

Securitizations Structured as a Financing. All of our securitizations completed since the beginning of 2004 were structured and accounted for as secured financings. These securitizations do not meet the QSPE criteria under SFAS No. 140 and related interpretations, because after the loans are securitized, (1) we have the unconditional right to repurchase from the trust up to one percent of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loans at any time after the securitization closing date, and (2) we have the option to contribute a derivative instrument into the trust. We refer to the recordation of these transactions as “portfolio accounting.”

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       With portfolio accounting, (1) the mortgage loans we originate remain on our consolidated balance sheet as loans held for investment; (2) the securitization debt replaces the warehouse debt associated with the securitized mortgage loans; and (3) we record interest income on the mortgage loans and interest expense on the securities issued in the securitization over the life of the securitization, instead of recognizing a gain or loss upon completion of the securitization. Since we began structuring our securitizations in 2004 as secured financings, and recording our income over time instead of upfront, there is a significant difference in our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, as compared to pre-2004 historical results. As such, we do not expect our historical results will provide a meaningful comparison to our 2006 or 2005 results. We believe that portfolio accounting treatment more closely matches the recognition of income with the receipt of cash payments on the individual loans. We intend to continue to utilize portfolio accounting in the foreseeable future.

The following table sets forth information about our securitized mortgage loan portfolio and the corresponding securitization debt balance, for each asset-backed security series completed since the first quarter of 2004, at September 30, 2006:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Issue Date
 
Current Loan
Principal Balance (1)
 
Total Securitization
 Debt Balance (2)
 
Asset-backed Security Series:
             
2004-1
 
March 30, 2004
 
$                                                 216,062
 
$                                                 208,604
2004-2
 
June 29, 2004
 
249,862
 
234,262
2004-3
 
September 29, 2004
 
302,271
 
285,631
2004-4
 
December 29, 2004
 
348,144
 
331,944
2005-1
 
March 31, 2005
 
477,208
 
455,833
2005-2
 
June 29, 2005
 
540,761
 
526,655
2005-3
 
September 29, 2005
 
648,206
 
633,655
2005-4
 
December 30, 2005
 
754,296
 
741,276
2006-1
 
March 30, 2006
 
796,281
 
791,804
2006-2
 
June 29, 2006
 
804,399
 
807,442
2006-3
 
September 29, 2006
 
800,253
 
834,653
Total
     
$                                              5,937,743
 
$                                              5,851,759
 
(1) The current loan principal balance shown includes amounts reflected on the consolidated balance sheet as mortgage loans held for investment - securitized (excluding discounts and net deferred origination fees), REO (at its trust-basis value) and the principal portion of trustee receivables.
 
(2) The total securitization debt (financing on mortgage loans held for investment) balance shown excludes discounts of $6.5 million at September 30, 2006.

Securitizations Structured as a Sale. Prior to 2004, we structured our securitizations to be accounted for as sales under SFAS 140, which is known as “gain-on-sale accounting.” With gain-on-sale accounting, we recorded an upfront gain at the time of securitization and recorded the fair value of the excess cashflow certificates on our balance sheet. The excess cashflow certificates are trading securities and are carried at their fair value. In a securitization structured as a sale, or off-balance sheet, we sell a pool of loans to a trust for a cash purchase price and a certificate evidencing our ownership in the distributions from the trust (excess cashflow certificate).

The fair value of the excess cashflow certificates are $457,000 and $7.8 million at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.

Securitizations Structured as Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits and Owner-Trusts for Income Tax Purposes. Prior to 2005, we typically structured our securitizations as Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits (“REMICs”), which for tax purposes required us to recognize an upfront taxable gain at the time of the securitization. Beginning in 2005, we began structuring our securitizations as owner-trust transactions and issued our securitizations using our Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) subsidiary. For federal tax purposes, owner-trust transactions are accounted for as borrowing transactions (debt-for-tax treatment), which facilitates compliance with the applicable REIT income and asset tests and allows us to recognize any taxable gains associated with the securitized mortgage loans over time. Although we intend to continue to structure most of our securitizations as owner-trusts transactions, we may engage in REMIC securitizations in the future. We have in the past, and may in the future, recognize excess inclusion income attributable to the interests we retain in these securitization transactions, which could have negative tax consequences to us and possibly negatively impact our stock price.

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Whole-Loan Sales. Whole-loan sales are the sale of pools of mortgage loans to banks, consumer finance-related companies and institutional investors on a servicing-released basis. We have found that, from time-to-time, we can receive better economic results by selling some of our mortgage loans on a whole-loan basis, without retaining servicing rights, generally in private transactions to financial institutions or consumer finance companies. We recognize a gain or loss when we sell loans on a whole-loan basis equal to the difference between the cash proceeds received for the loans and our investment in the loans, including any unamortized loan origination fees and costs. We generally sell these loans without recourse, except that we provide standard representations and warranties to the purchasers of such loans. During the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we sold whole-loans without recourse to third-party purchasers (with the exception of a premium recapture reserve described below) and on a servicing-released basis of $196.7 million and $151.0 million, respectively. The average gross premium we received for the whole loans sold during the three months ended September 30, 2006 was 3.79%, compared to 4.08% for the comparable 2005 period. The gross premium paid to us by third-party purchasers in whole-loan sale transactions does not take into account premiums we pay to originate the mortgage loans, the origination fees we collect (whether deferred or not), or premium recapture - each of which are components of the net gain on sale calculation. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we sold whole loans without recourse and on a servicing-released basis of $515.5 million and $391.0 million, respectively. The average gross premium we received for the whole loans sold during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was 3.60%, compared to 4.04% for the comparable 2005 period.

We maintain a premium recapture reserve related to our contractual obligation to rebate a portion of any premium paid by a purchaser when a borrower prepays a sold loan within an agreed period of time. The premium recapture reserve is established at the time of the whole-loan sale through a provision, which is reflected as a reduction of the gain on sale of mortgage loans. The premium recapture reserve is recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet. We estimate recapture losses primarily based upon historical premium recaptures and by reviewing the types of loan products, interest rates, borrower prepayment fees, if any, and an estimate of the impact of future interest rate changes may have on early repayments. The premium recapture reserve totaled $783,000 and $619,000 at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 we recorded a secondary market reserve provision of $158,000 and $386,000, respectively, for losses that arise in connection with loans that we may be required to repurchase from whole-loan sale investors. The secondary market reserve, which totaled $218,000 at September 30, 2006, covers our estimated exposure to losses arising from loan repurchases, or the net settlement, related to representation and warranty claims by investors. We estimate the exposure primarily based upon historical repurchases and we estimate losses using a detailed analysis of historical loan performance by product type and origination year, similar to the analysis performed for the allowance for loan losses related to our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio. We had no such reserve at December 31, 2005 or September 30, 2005.

Other Income. In addition to the income and cash flows we earn from securitizations (accounted for as sales and secured financings) and whole-loan sales, we also earn income and generate cash flows from:

 
·
 any fair value adjustments related to the excess cashflow certificates in accordance with EITF 99-20, and
 
·
miscellaneous interest income, including prepayment penalties received on some of the mortgage loans we sold in connection with our securitizations prior to 2002.


 

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Summary of Critical Accounting Policies

An appreciation of our critical accounting policies is necessary to understand our financial results. These policies may require management to make difficult and subjective judgments regarding uncertainties, and as a result, these estimates may significantly impact our financial results. The accuracy of these estimates and the likelihood of future changes depend on a range of possible outcomes and a number of underlying variables, many of which are beyond our control, and there can be no assurance that our estimates are accurate.
 
       Accounting for Hedging Activities. We regularly issue securitization asset-backed securities, backed by fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgage loans. As a result of this activity, we are exposed to interest rate risk beginning when our mortgage loans close and are recorded as assets until permanent financing is arranged, such as when the asset-backed securities are issued. Our strategy is to use interest rate swap contracts in an effort to lock in a pre-determined base interest rate on designated portions of our prospective future securitization financing. At times, we also use corridors (corresponding purchase and sale of interest rate caps with similar notional balances at different strike prices) and/or amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps that are designed to limit our financing costs within the securitization to maintain minimum margins, with the possibility of allowing us to increase margins in lower than anticipated interest rate environments. Both the interest rate swaps and corridors are derivative instruments that trade in liquid markets, and we do not use either of them for speculative purposes.

       In accordance with SFAS No. 133, we record all of our derivatives on our consolidated balance sheet at fair value. For derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments, gains or losses resulting from a change in fair value are recognized in current period earnings. When derivatives are used as hedges, hedge accounting is permitted only if we document the hedging relationship and its effectiveness at the time we designate the derivative as a hedge instrument. If we meet certain requirements under SFAS No. 133, we may account for the hedge instrument as a cash flow hedge.

      Cash flow hedge accounting is appropriate for hedges of uncertain cash flows associated with future periods - whether as a consequence of interest to be received or paid on existing variable rate assets or liabilities or in connection with intended purchases or sales.

      Under cash flow hedge accounting treatment, the changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments are divided into two portions, “effective” and “ineffective.” The effective portion of the derivative's gain or loss initially is reported as a component of OCI and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss is reported in earnings immediately.

To qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment:

 
·
hedges must be documented, with the objective and strategy stated, along with an explicit description of the methodology used to assess and measure hedge effectiveness;
     
 
·
dates (or periods) for the expected forecasted events and the nature of the exposure involved (including quantitative measures of the size of the exposure) must be explicitly documented;
     
 
·
hedges must be expected to be “highly effective,” both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis. Effectiveness measures must relate the gains or losses of the derivative to changes in the cash flow associated with the hedged item;
     
 
·
forecasted transactions must be probable; and
     
 
·
forecasted transactions must be made with different counterparties other than the reporting entity.

If a hedge fails the assessment of hedge effectiveness test (the ratio of the outstanding balance of the hedged item (debt) to the notional amount of the hedge exceeds 125% or falls below 80%, since the notional amount varies) at any time, and therefore is not expected to be “highly effective” at achieving offsetting changes in cash flows, the hedge ceases to qualify for cash flow hedge accounting. An assessment analysis is then prepared by management to determine the go-forward treatment of the hedges that failed the retrospective test to determine if any portion of the hedge may still qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment. If the analysis indicates future effectiveness for a portion of the hedge, the original hedge will effectively be allocated into two pieces, a trading security (ineffective portion) and “new hedge relationship” (effective portion).

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The “new hedge relationship” is determined by re-aligning the hedge with the projected remaining bond balances (debt) as of the date the original hedge became retrospectively ineffective. The ratio of the outstanding balance of the debt to notional size of the revised hedge will then be 100% as of the re-alignment date. The expected repayment pattern of the debt associated to the original hedge is used as the basis to establish the “new hedge relationship” future repayment pattern. The difference between the fair value of the original hedge and the “new hedge relationship” hedge on the re-alignment date is classified as a trading security. Once classified as a trading security, any changes in the fair value are recorded directly to the income statement as a component of gain or loss on derivative instruments.

Accounting for Income Taxes. Significant management judgment is required in developing our provision for income taxes, including the determination of deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowances that might be required against the deferred tax asset. Management needs to consider the relative impact of negative and positive evidence related to the ability to recognize a deferred tax asset. This evaluation takes into consideration our recent earnings history, current tax position and estimates of taxable income in the near term. If actual results differ from these estimates, we may be required to record a valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets, which could negatively impact our consolidated financial position and results from operations. We recognize all of our deferred tax assets if we believe, on a more likely than not basis, that all of the benefits of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Management believes that, based upon on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax assets. Therefore, at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we did not maintain a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.

       Allowance for Loan Losses on Mortgage Loans Held for Investment. In connection with our change to portfolio accounting in 2004, we established an allowance for loan losses based on an estimate of losses to be incurred in the foreseeable future on our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio. Additionally, we charge-off uncollectible loans at the time they are deemed not probable of collection.

       In order to estimate an appropriate allowance for losses on mortgage loans held for investment, we estimate losses using a detailed analysis of historical mortgage loan performance data. This data is analyzed for loss performance and prepayment performance by product type, origination year and securitization issuance. The results of that analysis are then applied to the current long-term mortgage portfolio held for investment, excluding those loans which meet the criteria for specific review under SFAS No. 114, and an estimate is created. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, we believe that pooling of mortgages with similar characteristics is an appropriate methodology in which to evaluate the amount of the allowance for loan losses. A provision for loan losses is charged to our consolidated statement of operations. Losses incurred, if any, will be written-off against the allowance for loan losses.

While we will continually evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, we recognize that there are qualitative factors that must be taken into consideration when evaluating and measuring potential expected losses on mortgage loans. These items include, but are not limited to, current performance of the loans, economic indicators that may affect the borrowers’ ability to pay, changes in the market value of the collateral, political factors and the general economic environment. As these estimates are influenced by factors outside of our control and are inherently uncertain, it is reasonably possible that they could change. In particular, if conditions were such that we were required to increase the provision for loan losses, any increase in the provision for loan losses would negatively impact our results of operations.

In accordance with SFAS No. 114, a loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the mortgage loan agreement. Due to the significant effects of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on a portion of our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio, management identified certain loans located in FEMA declared disaster areas as meeting the criteria under SFAS No. 114 requiring a separate loan impairment review. Based upon the analysis performed, we identified specific mortgage loans in which the borrowers’ abilities to repay the loans in accordance with their contractual terms was impaired. We assessed the extent of damage to the underlying collateral and the extent to which damaged collateral is not covered by insurance in determining the amount of specific reserves needed. We established specific reserves for these affected mortgage loans based upon estimates of loss exposure. As additional information is obtained and processed over the coming months and quarters, we will continue to assess the need for any adjustments to our estimates and the specific reserves related to the mortgage loans in the affected areas.

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Amortization of Deferred Loan Origination Fees and Costs. Interest income is recorded on our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio based upon a combination of interest accruals based on the outstanding balance and contractual terms of the mortgage loans, adjusted by the amortization of net deferred origination fees or costs accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 91. Our net deferred origination fees/costs consist principally of origination fees, discount points, broker premiums, and payroll and commissions associated with originating our mortgage loans. For our loans held for investment, these net deferred fees or costs are accreted or amortized as adjustments to interest income over the estimated lives of the loans using the interest method. Our portfolio of mortgage loans held for investment is comprised of a large number of homogeneous loans for which we believe prepayments are probable. The periodic amortization of our deferred origination fees or costs is based on a model that considers actual prepayment experience to date as well as forecasted prepayments based on the contractual interest rate on the mortgage loans, loan age, loan type and prepayment fee coverage, among other factors. Mortgage prepayments are affected by the terms and credit grades of the loans, conditions in the housing and financial markets and general economic conditions. Prepayment assumptions are reviewed regularly to ensure that our actual experience, as well as industry data, is supportive of the prepayment assumptions used in our model. Any changes to these estimates are applied as if the revised estimates had been in place since the origination of the loans, and current period amortization is adjusted to reflect the effect of the changes.

Amortization of Deferred Debt Issue Discounts and Transaction Costs. Interest expense on our securitization financing is comprised of the accrual of interest based on the contractual terms, cash receipts and amortization related to our cash flow hedges (interest rate swaps and corridors), the amortization of deferred debt issue discounts and transaction costs. The deferred debt issue discounts and transaction costs are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense over the estimated lives of the related debt using the interest method and take into account the effect of estimated prepayments. Any changes made to these estimates are applied as if the revised estimates had been in place since the issuance of the related debt, and result in adjustments to the period amortization recorded to interest expense.

Excess Cashflow Certificates. In securitization transactions structured to be accounted for as a sale (prior to 2004), the excess cash flow certificates represent one or all of the following assets:

 
·
BIO certificate, which represents a subordinate right to receive excess cash flows, if any, generated by the related securitization pool.

 
·
P certificate, which represents a right to receive prepayment penalties on the mortgage loans sold to the securitization trust.

 
·
Cash flows from corridors - we receive payments on corridors (corresponding purchase and sale of interest rate caps with similar notional balances at different strike prices) from third-party cap providers through the securitization trusts (which, when we sell NIM notes, are received only after the NIM notes are paid in full).

      The accounting estimates we use to value excess cashflow certificates are deemed to be “critical accounting estimates” because they can materially affect our income. The valuation of our excess cashflow certificates is highly dependent upon the reasonableness of our assumptions and the predictiveness of the relationships that drive the results of our valuation model. The assumptions we utilize, described below, are complex as we must make judgments about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. As the number of variables and assumptions affecting the possible future resolution of the uncertainties increase, those judgments become even more complex. Management uses internal, historical mortgage loan performance data and forward LIBOR interest rate curves to value future expected excess cash flows. The amount recorded for the excess cashflow certificates is subsequently reduced for cash distributions we receive, increased for the expected return and adjusted for changes in fair value of these excess cashflow certificates.

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We believe that our assumptions used to determine fair value are reasonable based upon the estimates using our historical loan performance and the performance of similar mortgage pools from other lenders - in addition to accessing other public information about market factors such as interest rates, inflation, recession, unemployment and real estate market values, among other things. However, these are only estimates and it is virtually impossible to predict the actual level of prepayments and losses, which also are driven by consumer behavior, and as such there can be no assurance as to the accuracy of the assumptions or estimates.

In volatile markets, like those we have experienced over the past several years, there is increased risk that our actual results may vary significantly from our assumed results. The longer the time period over which the uncertainties exist, the greater the potential for volatility in our valuation assumptions, which may impact the fair value of our excess cashflow certificates. The fair value of each excess cashflow certificate represents the present value of the cash flows we expect to receive in the future based upon our best estimates.

The assumptions used to determine fair value are the following:

A. Prepayments. We base our prepayment rate assumptions on our ongoing analysis of the performance of the mortgage pools we previously securitized and the performance of similar pools of mortgage loans securitized by others in the industry. We apply different prepayment speed assumptions to different loan product types based on our experience with different loan product types exhibiting different prepayment patterns. Generally, our mortgage loans can be grouped into two loan products - fixed-rate loans and adjustable-rate loans. With fixed-rate loans, an underlying borrower’s interest rate remains fixed throughout the life of the loan. Our adjustable-rate loans are a “hybrid” between fixed- and adjustable-rate loans, in that the interest rate generally remains fixed, typically for the first two or three years of the loan, and then adjusts based on a spread over the six-month LIBOR, typically every six months thereafter. We also take into account within each product type factors other than interest rates that can affect our prepayment rate assumptions.
 
We have found that the rate at which borrowers prepay their loans tends to fluctuate. In general, prepayment speeds are lowest in the first month after origination. Thereafter, prepayment speeds generally increase until a peak speed is reached. Generally, loans will continue to prepay at the peak speed for some period of time, and then prepayment speeds typically begin to decline. We use prepayment assumptions that reflect these tendencies. The following table shows our assumptions related to the excess cashflow certificates held at September 30, 2006 regarding the percentage of loans that will be prepaid during the first month following the closing of a loan, peak speed over the life of a loan and the peak speed from September 30, 2006 forward:

Loan Type
 
Month One
 
Peak Speed
Over the Life
 
Peak Speed from
September 30, 2006 Forward
Fixed rate
 
4.0%
 
45.0%
 
35.0%
Adjustable-rate
 
4.0%
 
75.0%
 
35.0% to 75.0%

       We revised our peak speed over the life assumption as of September 30, 2005 to reflect the prepayment trend experienced within the loan pools, which has remained consistent through September 30, 2006.  Our assumption regarding the peak speed over the life ranged from 35.0% to 40.0% for fixed rate loans and was 75.0% for adjustable-rate loans prior to September 30, 2005.

If mortgage loans prepay faster than anticipated, we generally will earn less income in connection with the mortgage loans and receive less excess cash flow in the future. Conversely, if mortgage loans prepay at a slower rate than anticipated, we generally earn more income and more excess cash flow in the future, subject to other factors that can affect the cash flow from, and our valuation of, the excess cashflow certificates.

       B. Default Rate. The default rate is the percentage of estimated total loss of principal, interest and related advances that will take place over the life of the mortgage loans within a loan pool compared to the total original principal balance of the mortgage loans in the pool. A default rate is determined for each securitization reflecting the overall credit scores, average loan sizes and layered risks on the fixed- and adjustable-rate loans comprising each securitization trust. We apply a default or loss rate to the excess cashflow certificate because it is the “first-loss” piece and is subordinated in right of payment to all other securities issued by the securitization trust. If defaults are higher than we anticipate, we will receive less income and less excess cash flow than expected in the future. Conversely, if defaults are lower than we expected, we will receive more income and more excess cash flow than expected in the future, subject to the other factors that can affect the cash flow from, and our valuation of, the excess cashflow certificates. We revised our estimated default rates at September 30, 2005 to reflect the better-than-expected pool performance on our underlying securitizations. The current default rate, which is consistent with the revised rate at September 30, 2005, applied on the excess cashflow certificates held at September 30, 2006 is 4.0%. Prior to September 30, 2005, our default rate assumption on the same excess cashflow certificates held at September 30, 2006 was 4.5%.

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C. Forward LIBOR Curve. The forward LIBOR curve is used to project future interest rates, which affects both the rate to the floating-rate asset-backed security investors (primarily indexed off the one-month LIBOR) and the adjustable-rate mortgage loans sold to the securitization trust (a fixed rate of interest for either the first 24 or 36 months and a variable rate of interest thereafter indexed off the six-month LIBOR). Most of our loans are fixed-rate mortgages and a significant amount of the securities sold by the securitization trust are floating-rate securities (the interest rate adjusts based upon an index, such as one-month LIBOR). As a result, our excess cashflow certificates are subject to significant basis risk and a change in LIBOR will impact our excess spread. If LIBOR is lower than anticipated, we generally will receive more income and more excess cash flow than expected in the future, subject to the other factors that can affect the cash flow from, and our valuation of, the excess cashflow certificates. Conversely, if LIBOR is higher than expected, we generally will receive less income and less excess cash flow than expected in the future. In each of our securitizations in which we sold NIM note(s), we purchased an interest rate cap, which helps mitigate the basis risk for the approximate time that the NIM notes are outstanding. We have adjusted the valuation of each excess cashflow certificate to use a forward interest rate curve that represents both today’s rates and the expectation for rates in the future.

D. Discount Rate. We use a discount rate that we believe reflects the risks associated with our excess cashflow certificates. Due to the unavailability of quoted market prices on comparable excess cashflow certificates, we compare our valuation assumptions and performance experience to our competitors in the non-conforming mortgage industry. Our discount rate takes into account the asset quality and the performance of our securitized mortgage loans compared to that of the industry and other characteristics of our securitized loans. We quantify the risks associated with our excess cashflow certificates by comparing the asset quality and payment and loss performance experience of the underlying securitized mortgage pools to comparable industry performance. The discount rate we use to determine the present value of the cash flow from excess cashflow certificates reflects increased uncertainty surrounding current and future market conditions, including, without limitation, uncertainty concerning inflation, recession, home prices, interest rates and conditions in the equity markets.

We utilized a discount rate of 18% at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 on all excess cashflow certificates (a discount rate of 18% was utilized at September 30, 2005).

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2005

General

Our net income for the three months ended September 30, 2006 was $8.0 million, or $0.34 per share basic and $0.33 per share diluted, compared to net income of $6.6 million, or $0.33 per share basic and $0.31 per share diluted, for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The increase in net income during the three months ended September 30, 2006 primarily relates to the growth in the net interest income we realized from our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio, which has grown each quarter since our change from gain-on-sale accounting to portfolio accounting in the first quarter of 2004. Offsetting the increase in net income was a decrease in non-interest income primarily arising from the decrease in income generated by the change in fair value of our excess cashflow certificates which totaled $1.7 million, pre-tax ($1.1 million after tax), during the three months ended September 30, 2006, as compared to $6.3 million, pre-tax ($3.9 million after tax), during the three months ended September 30, 2005.

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We recorded net interest income after provision for loan losses of $30.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2006, an increase of $4.9 million, or 18.9%, from $25.8 million in the same period in 2005. The increase in net interest income after provision for loan losses primarily reflects the net effect of recognizing interest income on $6.0 billion of mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2006 compared to $4.0 billion of these loans held at September 30, 2005. Similarly, the increase in interest expense primarily reflects the net effect of recognizing interest expense on $5.8 billion in financing on mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2006, compared to $3.9 billion of financing on mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2005. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, total non-interest income decreased by $2.3 million and total non-interest expense increased by $651,000, compared to the same period in 2005. The decrease in non-interest income primarily reflects the net impact of the decreased income from the change in fair value of our excess cashflow certificates offset partially by an increase in the net gain on the sale of mortgage loans we experienced during the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase in non-interest expense primarily reflects the expenses associated with increases in personnel and expansion efforts, primarily reflected in the increase in general and administrative expenses.

We originated $994.9 million of mortgage loans during the three months ended September 30, 2006, representing a $29.3 million, or 2.9%, decrease from the $1.0 billion of mortgage loans originated during the three months ended September 30, 2005. We securitized and/or sold $1.0 billion of loans during the three months ended September 30, 2006, representing a $45.7 million, or 4.7%, increase from the $976.0 million of loans securitized and/or sold during the same period in 2005.

Net Interest Income

We recorded net interest income of $37.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2006, an increase of $5.2 million, or 15.9%, from the $32.4 million recorded in the same period in 2005. The increase in net interest income primarily reflects the net effect of the increases in the average balance of mortgage loans held for investment and the increase in the average balance of the related financing during the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. Net interest income represents the difference between our interest income and our interest expense, each of which is described in the following paragraphs:

Interest Income. Interest income increased $42.9 million, or 54.1%, to $122.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, from $79.4 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase is primarily due to: (1) the increase in interest income of $40.5 million, or 58.1%, on our loans held for investment - securitized, which totaled $5.9 billion at September 30, 2006 as compared to $3.8 billion at September 30, 2005; (2) the increase in interest income of $1.4 million, or 18.7%, primarily related to the increase in the average interest rate earned on mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization, offset by a slight decrease in the average amount of such loans held, during the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005; and (3) the increase in asset-backed security interest related to the increase in fixed-rate asset-backed securities issued by the securitization during the three months ended September 30, 2006, compared to the asset-backed securities issued in the same period of 2005. Also contributing to the increase in interest income was a 38 basis point increase to 8.12% at September 30, 2006, in the weighted-average interest rate on mortgage loans held for investment - securitized from September 30, 2005.

        The following table is a summary of interest income:

   
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
Interest income on mortgage loans held for investment - securitized, net (1)
 
$
110,232
 
$
69,717
 
Interest income on mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization, net
   
8,966
   
7,552
 
Asset-backed security interest
   
3,048
   
1,776
 
Interest income on excess cashflow certificates
   
53
   
311
 
Miscellaneous interest income
   
14
   
3
 
Total interest income
 
$
122,313
 
$
79,359
 

(1)  The amount for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 includes $6.0 million and $4.4 million, respectively, of prepayment penalty fees.

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Interest Expense. Interest expense increased by $37.8 million, or 80.5%, to $84.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $46.9 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase primarily was due to the $36.0 million, or 87.5%, increase in interest expense related to the 50.1% increase in securitization debt from September 30, 2005 to September 30, 2006, and, to a lesser extent, the increase in loans originated and financed by our warehouse facilities during the three months ended September 30, 2006, compared to the same period in 2005. Additionally, the increase in interest expense also reflected the 78 basis point increase in the average cost of funds on the mortgage loans held for investment financing for the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the comparable period in 2005. Also contributing to the increase in interest expense was the increase in warehouse financing costs due to a higher average one-month LIBOR rate, which is the benchmark index used to determine our cost of borrowed funds. The average one-month LIBOR rate increased to 5.35% for the three months ended September 30, 2006, compared to an average of 3.60% for the same period in 2005.

The following table presents the components of interest expense:

   
For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
Interest expense on mortgage loans held for investment financing (1)
 
$
77,057
 
$
41,089
 
Interest expense on warehouse financing
   
7,645
   
5,792
 
Interest expense on other borrowings
   
107
   
68
 
Other interest (income) expense
   
(75
)
 
--
 
Total interest expense
 
$
84,734
 
$
46,949
 

(1)  The interest expense on mortgage loans held for investment for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 includes income of $33,000 and an expense of $2.7 million, respectively, from the amortization of deferred securitization debt issuance expenses and trustee expenses recognized during the period, net of hedge amortization.

Provision for Loan Losses

A provision for loan losses on mortgage loans held for investment is recorded to maintain the related allowance for loan loss at an appropriate level for currently existing probable losses of principal. We recorded a provision for loan losses of $6.9 million and $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, related to mortgage loans held for investment. The amount of the provision for loan losses reflects the performance and seasoning of our mortgage loans held for investment during the respective quarter. The provision for loan losses during the three months ended September 30, 2006 also was impacted by a $372,000 reversal of provision related to adjustments made to specific reserves on impaired loans. The provision reversal primarily was due to the change in the composition of the impaired loan portfolio (FEMA declared disaster area impaired loans) and updated estimates of loss exposure on the impaired loan portfolio at September 30, 2006.

Non-Interest Income

      Total non-interest income decreased by $2.3 million, or 16.6%, to $11.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, from $13.8 million for the comparable period in 2005. The decrease in non-interest income primarily resulted from the $4.6 million decrease in the gain recorded from our excess cashflow certificates, partially offset by a $2.2 million increase in the net gain on sale of mortgage loans, during the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005.

Net Gain on Sale of Mortgage Loans. Net gain on sale of mortgage loans is comprised of the premium received from selling whole loans on a servicing-released basis, together with any deferred origination costs or fees associated with mortgage loans sold, less any premium recapture reserve. During the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded a net gain on the sale of mortgage loans of $9.7 million and $7.5 million, respectively, on the sale of $196.7 million and $151.0 million, respectively, of mortgage loans on a whole-loan basis.

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The following table is a summary of our net gain on sale of mortgage loans for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005:

   
For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
Net Gain on Sale of Mortgage Loans:
         
Loans sold
 
$
196,744
 
$
151,026
 
               
Gain on whole-loan sales
 
$
7,449
 
$
6,163
 
Premium recapture reserve
   
(248
)
 
(248
)
Net loan origination fees
   
2,458
   
1,579
 
     Net gain on sale recorded
 
$
9,659
 
$
7,494
 
               
     Net gain on sale recorded as a percent of loans sold
   
4.91
%
 
4.96
%

Net gain on sale of mortgage loans increased $2.2 million, or 28.9%, to $9.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, from $7.5 million for the comparable period in 2005. This increase was directly related to the volume of loan sales quarter over quarter, offset by a slight decrease in the premium received over the same period. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, we sold $196.7 million (at a weighted average gross sales price of 3.79%) of mortgage loans on a whole-loan servicing-released basis, compared to $151.0 million (at a weighted average gross sales price of 4.08%) for the same period in the prior year.

The weighted average net gain-on-sale ratio, which is calculated by dividing the net gain on sale by the total amount of loans sold, decreased to 4.91% for the three months ended September 30, 2006, as compared to 4.96% for the same period in 2005.

Other Income. Other income decreased $4.5 million, or 71.0%, to $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, from $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The decrease in other income primarily relates to a fair value adjustment on our excess cashflow certificates of $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, as compared to a $6.3 million fair value adjustment on our excess cashflow certificates during the same period in 2005. The decrease in the income generated from the change in fair value of our excess cashflow certificates for the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005 was primarily due to the fair value change associated with $11.5 million of excess cashflow certificates outstanding as of September 30, 2005 as compared to $457,000 of excess cashflow certificates outstanding as of September 30, 2006. The decrease in the fair value adjustment recorded on our excess cashflow certificates during the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005 was primarily due to the amount of remaining expected future cash flows as of the valuation dates. Additionally, the fair value adjustment recorded on our excess cashflow certificates during three months ended September 30, 2005 benefited from assumption revisions, specifically the lowering of expected losses and a change in the loss curve, which increased the fair value as of that date (see Note 7 - Excess Cashflow Certificates to our consolidated financial statements).

Non-Interest Expense

      Total non-interest expense increased by $651,000, or 2.3%, to $29.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, from $28.7 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase primarily is due to an increase in general and administrative expenses associated with a 10.3% increase in personnel. Partially offsetting the increase was a decrease in payroll and related costs, due to lower commissions paid on lower loan production and a reduction in the loss recorded on derivative instruments. Included in non-interest expense was a $262,000 loss recorded on derivative instruments relating to the ineffective portion of our derivatives recognized through current earnings during the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to a $548,000 loss recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2005.

37

      Payroll and Related Costs. Payroll and related costs include salaries, benefits and payroll taxes for all non-loan production related employees and non-deferrable loan production related employees cost.

      Payroll and related costs decreased by $264,000, or 1.6%, to $16.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, from $16.8 million for the comparable period in 2005. The decrease in payroll and related costs primarily was due to lower loan commissions paid as a result of a 2.9% decrease in loan production during the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. The decrease in commissions expense was partially offset by an increase non-commission based payroll costs due to an increase in staff from September 30, 2005 to September 30, 2006. As of September 30, 2006, we employed 1,376 full- and part-time employees, an increase of 10.3% over our 1,248 full- and part-time employees as of September 30, 2005.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of office rent, insurance, telephone, depreciation, legal reserves and fees, license fees, accounting fees, professional fees, travel and entertainment expenses, and advertising and promotional expenses.

      General and administrative expenses increased $1.2 million, or 10.6%, to $12.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, from $11.3 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase primarily was due to an increase in expenses associated with a 10.3% increase in personnel and expenses related to our ongoing expansion efforts of our wholesale and retail divisions (which includes rent and depreciation expenses), coupled with slight increases in marketing and REO related expenses. Partially offsetting the increase was a decrease in loan origination related expenses due to the 2.9% decrease in loan production during the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 and reductions in professional fee expenses (primarily accounting fees).

      Loss on Derivative Instruments. The loss on derivative instruments recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2006 represents the (1) ineffective portion of the change in fair value of interest rate swaps used to lock in a pre-determined interest rate on designated portions of our prospective future securitization financing, (2) ineffective portion related to the change in the fair value of our corridors we use to protect the variable-rate financing, and (3) changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments classified as trading securities.

During the three months ended September 30, 2006, we recorded a net loss on derivative instruments of $262,000 as compared to a net loss on derivative instruments of $548,000 during the three months ended September 30, 2005. During the three months ended September 30, 2006 we recorded a loss of $99,000 on the ineffective portion of certain corridors and interest rate swaps, compared to a loss of $553,000 recorded on the ineffective portion of certain corridors and interest rate swaps during the three months ended September 30, 2005. At September 30, 2006 and 2005, we held $258,000 and $390,000, respectively, of corridors which have been classified as trading assets within prepaid and other assets. These corridors were no longer deemed “highly effective,” as the ratio of the outstanding balance of the hedged item (debt) to the notional amount of the corridors was outside of the range of 80% to 125%, and were classified as trading securities. During the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded a loss of $163,000 and a gain of $6,000, respectively, to earnings on the changes in fair value of the corridors held as trading securities. None of the interest rate swaps (including the amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps) held at September 30, 2006 or September 30, 2005 were classified as trading securities.

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based upon the income reported in the consolidated financial statements regardless of when such taxes are paid. These deferred taxes are measured by applying current enacted tax rates.

We recorded an income tax expense of $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 on pre-tax income of $12.9 million recorded for the period (utilizing an effective tax rate of approximately 38.1%). We recorded income tax expense of $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 on pre-tax income of $10.9 million recorded for the period (utilizing an effective tax rate of approximately 39.2%).

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005

General

Our net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was $21.8 million, or $0.98 per share basic and $0.95 per share diluted, compared to net income of $12.3 million, or $0.60 per share basic and $0.58 per share diluted, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The increase in net income during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 primarily relates to the growth in the net interest income we realized from our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio, which has grown each quarter since our change from gain-on-sale accounting to portfolio accounting in the first quarter of 2004. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was also impacted by the $7.2 million increase in non-interest expense, primarily related to increases in payroll and related costs and general and administrative expenses, and the $2.3 million increase in non-interest income, primarily related to the increased volume of mortgage loan sales, as compared to the same period in 2005.

We recorded net interest income after provision for loan losses of $88.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, an increase of $20.3 million, or 29.6%, from $68.2 million in the same period in 2005. The increase in net interest income after provision for loan losses primarily reflects the net effect of recognizing interest income on $6.0 billion of mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2006 compared to $4.0 billion of these loans held at September 30, 2005. Similarly, the increase in interest expense primarily reflects the net effect of recognizing interest expense on $5.8 billion in financing on mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2006, compared to $3.9 billion of financing on mortgage loans held for investment at September 30, 2005. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, total non-interest income increased by $2.3 million and total non-interest expense increased by $7.2 million, compared to the same period in 2005. The increase in non-interest income primarily reflects the impact of increases in the net gain on the sale of mortgage loans and the decrease in the gains recorded related to the fair value of our excess cashflow certificates during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, while the increase in non-interest expense primarily reflects the expenses associated with increases in origination volume, primarily increases in payroll and related costs.

We originated $2.9 billion of mortgage loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, representing a $168.3 million, or 6.1%, increase from the $2.7 billion of mortgage loans originated during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. We securitized and/or sold $3.0 billion of loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, representing a $324.5 million, or 11.9%, increase from the $2.7 billion of loans securitized and/or sold during the same period in 2005.

Net Interest Income

We recorded net interest income of $108.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, an increase of $19.5 million, or 21.9%, from the $89.2 million recorded in the same period in 2005. The increase in net interest income primarily reflects the net effect of the increases in the average balance of mortgage loans held for investment and the increase in the average balance of the related financing during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. Net interest income represents the difference between our interest income and our interest expense, each of which is described in the following paragraphs:

Interest Income. Interest income increased $136.6 million, or 68.2%, to $337.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, from $200.4 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase is primarily due to: (1) the increase in interest income of $127.3 million, or 73.6%, on our loans held for investment - securitized, which totaled $5.9 billion at September 30, 2006 as compared to $3.8 billion at September 30, 2005; (2) the increase in interest income of $5.4 million, or 25.3%, related to the increase in the interest rate earned on mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization, coupled with a slight increase in the average amount of such loans held, during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005; and (3) the increase in asset-backed security interest relates to the increase in fixed-rate asset-backed securities issued by each securitization during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, compared to the asset-backed securities issued in the same period of 2005. Also contributing to the increase in interest income was a 38 basis point increase to 8.12% at September 30, 2006, in the weighted-average interest rate on mortgage loans held for investment - securitized from September 30, 2005.

39

The following table is a summary of interest income:

   
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
Interest income on mortgage loans held for investment - securitized, net (1)
 
$
300,357
 
$
173,051
 
Interest income on mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization, net
   
26,664
   
21,275
 
Asset-backed security interest
   
9,553
   
4,847
 
Interest income on excess cashflow certificates
   
433
   
1,205
 
Miscellaneous interest income
   
15
   
14
 
Total interest income
 
$
337,022
 
$
200,392
 

(1) The amount for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 includes $15.2 million and $9.8 million, respectively, of prepayment penalty fees.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased by $117.1 million to $228.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $111.2 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase primarily was due to the $108.2 million increase in interest expense related to the securitization debt. The increase in securitization debt related interest expense primarily was due to the increased amount of securitization debt outstanding, which increased $1.9 billion, or 50.1% from September 30, 2005 to September 30, 2006. Interest expense also increased, to a lesser extent, due to the increase in loans originated and financed by our warehouse facilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, compared to the same period in 2005. Additionally contributing to the increase in interest expense were increases in the average cost of funds during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The average cost of funds on the mortgage loans held for investment financing for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 increased 93 basis points as compared to the comparable period in 2005. To a lesser extent, the increase in interest expense was due to higher warehouse financing costs due to a higher average one-month LIBOR rate, which is the benchmark index used to determine our cost of borrowed funds. The average one-month LIBOR rate increased to 5.02% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, compared to an average of 3.13% for the same period in 2005.

The following table presents the components of interest expense:

   
For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
Interest expense on mortgage loans held for investment financing (1)
 
$
204,738
 
$
96,573
 
Interest expense on warehouse financing
   
22,979
   
14,444
 
Interest expense on other borrowings
   
317
   
204
 
Other interest expense
   
260
   
--
 
Total interest expense
 
$
228,294
 
$
111,221
 

(1) The amount for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 includes expenses of $782,000 and $5.3 million, respectively, of amortized deferred securitization debt issuance expenses and trustee expenses recognized during the period, net of hedge amortization.

Provision for Loan Losses

We recorded a provision for loan losses of $20.3 million and $20.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, related to mortgage loans held for investment. The amount of the provision for loan losses reflects the performance and seasoning of our mortgage loans held for investment during the respective period. The provision for loan losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 also was impacted by a $675,000 reversal of provision related to adjustments made to specific reserves on impaired loans. The provision reversal primarily was due to the change in the composition of the impaired loan portfolio (FEMA declared disaster area impaired loans) and updated estimates of loss exposure on the impaired loan portfolio at September 30, 2006.

40

Non-Interest Income

Total non-interest income increased by $2.3 million, or 7.6%, to $33.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, from $31.1 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase in non-interest income primarily resulted from the $4.6 million increase in the net gain on sale of mortgage loans, during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005, offset by the $2.3 million decrease in the gain recorded related to the fair value of the excess cashflow certificates over the same periods.

Net Gain on Sale of Mortgage Loans. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded a net gain on the sale of mortgage loans of $24.0 million and $19.4 million, respectively, on the sale of $515.5 million and $391.0 million, respectively, of mortgage loans on a whole-loan basis.

The following table is a summary of our net gain on sale of mortgage loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005:

   
For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
Net Gain on Sale of Mortgage Loans:
         
Loans sold
 
$
515,462
 
$
390,969
 
               
Gain on whole-loan sales
 
$
18,543
 
$
15,782
 
Premium recapture reserve
   
(732
)
 
(633
)
Net loan origination fees
   
6,176
   
4,265
 
     Net gain on sale recorded
 
$
23,987
 
$
19,414
 
               
     Net gain on sale recorded as a percent of loans sold
   
4.65
%
 
4.97
%

Net gain on sale of mortgage loans increased $4.6 million, or 23.6%, to $24.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, from $19.4 million for the comparable period in 2005. This increase was directly related to the volume of loan sales period over period. The impact from the increase in volume was partially offset by a decrease in the premium received. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, we sold $515.5 million (at a weighted average gross sales price of 3.60%) of mortgage loans on a whole-loan servicing-released basis, compared to $391.0 million (at a weighted average gross sales price of 4.04%) for the same period in the prior year.

       The weighted average net gain-on-sale ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was 4.65% and 4.97%, respectively. The weighted-average net gain-on-sale ratio is calculated by dividing the net gain on sale by the total amount of loans sold.

Other Income. Other income decreased $2.3 million, or 19.0%, to $9.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, from $11.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The decrease in other income primarily relates to the fair value adjustment recorded on our excess cashflow certificates of $9.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, as compared to an $11.5 million fair value adjustment on our excess cashflow certificates during the same period in 2005. The decrease in the fair value of our excess cashflow certificates for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 primarily was due to the fair value change associated with $11.5 million of excess cashflow certificates outstanding as of September 30, 2005, compared to $457,000 of excess cashflow certificates outstanding as of September 30, 2006. The decrease in the fair value adjustment recorded on our excess cashflow certificates during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005 was primarily due to the amount of remaining expected future cash flows as of the valuation dates. Additionally, the fair value adjustment recorded on our excess cashflow certificates during nine months ended September 30, 2005 benefited from assumption revisions, specifically the lowering of expected losses and a change in the loss curve, which increased the fair value as of that date (see Note 7 - Excess Cashflow Certificates to our consolidated financial statements).

41

Non-interest Expense

       Total non-interest expense increased by $7.2 million, or 9.2%, to $86.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, from $79.1 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase primarily is due to an increase in payroll and related costs associated with a 10.3% increase in personnel and an increase in general and administrative expense primarily related to the 6.1% increase in our mortgage loan production which increased our other production related expenses. Additionally, offsetting non-interest expense was the $161,000 gain recorded on derivative instruments relating to the ineffective portion of our derivatives that is recognized through current earnings during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to an $866,000 loss recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2005.

        Payroll and Related Costs. Payroll and related costs increased by $3.1 million, or 6.7%, to $50.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, from $47.0 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase primarily was the result of higher compensation and related payroll costs associated with a 6.1% increase in loan originations, coupled with an increase of 10.3% in our staff as of September 30, 2006 as compared to September 30, 2005. Additionally, payroll and related costs were higher due to the inclusion of $615,000 of stock-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to no stock-based compensation expense in the same period in 2005.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $5.2 million, or 16.4%, to $36.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, from $31.2 million for the comparable period in 2005. The increase primarily was due to an increase in expenses associated with a 6.1% increase in loan production during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 (which includes higher non-deferrable fees, telephone, advertising, and promotional and marketing expenses), the consequent 10.3% increase in personnel related to our ongoing expansion of our wholesale and retail divisions (which resulted in a $2.4 million increase in rent and depreciation expenses), a $1.1 million increase in legal expenses and the impact of a $1.0 million increase in REO related expenses. These increases were partially offset by a $1.3 million decrease in accounting fees, primarily related to a reduction in Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 related expenses.

(Gain) Loss on Derivative Instruments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, we recorded a net gain on derivative instruments of $161,000 as compared to a net loss on derivative instruments of $866,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 we recorded a gain of $40,000 on the ineffective portion of certain corridors and interest rate swaps, compared to a loss of $871,000 recorded on the ineffective portion of certain corridors and interest rate swaps during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. At September 30, 2006 and 2005, we held $258,000 and $390,000, respectively, of corridors which were classified as trading assets within prepaid and other assets. These corridors were no longer deemed “highly effective,” as the ratio of the outstanding balance of the hedged item (debt) to the notional amount of the corridors was outside of the range of 80% to 125%, and were classified as trading securities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we recorded a gain of $121,000 and $6,000, respectively, to earnings on the changes in fair value of the corridors held as trading securities. None of the interest rate swaps (including the amortizing notional interest rate swaps) held at September 30, 2006 or September 30, 2005 were classified as trading securities.

Income Taxes

We recorded an income tax expense of $13.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 on pre-tax income of $35.6 million recorded for the period (utilizing an effective tax rate of approximately 38.8%). We recorded income tax expense of $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 on a pre-tax income of $20.3 million recorded for the period (utilizing an effective tax rate of approximately 39.4%).

 

42


Financial Condition

September 30, 2006 Compared to December 31, 2005

      Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents increased $434,000, or 9.3%, to $5.1 million at September 30, 2006, from $4.7 million at December 31, 2005. This increase primarily was related to timing of cash received and disbursed from normal operations.

Mortgage Loans Held for Investment, Net. Mortgage loans held for investment, net increased $1.3 billion, or 27.8%, to $5.9 billion at September 30, 2006, from $4.6 billion at December 31, 2005. This account represents our basis in the mortgage loans that either were delivered to the securitization trusts (denoted as mortgage loans held for investment - securitized) or are pending delivery into future securitizations (denoted as mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization), net of discounts, deferred origination fees and allowance for loan losses.

The following table sets forth a summary of mortgage loans held for investment, net:

   
At September 30,
 
At December 31,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2006
 
2005
 
Mortgage loans held for investment - securitized
 
$
5,881,758
 
$
4,430,775
 
Mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization
   
131,450
   
270,372
 
Discounts (MSR related)
   
(35,707
)
 
(26,750
)
Net deferred origination fees
   
(15,709
)
 
(10,735
)
Allowance for loan losses
   
(50,833
)
 
(36,832
)
Mortgage loans held for investment, net
 
$
5,910,959
 
$
4,626,830
 

We maintain an allowance for loan losses based on our estimate of losses to be incurred in the foreseeable future (generally an 18- to 24-month period) on our mortgage loans held for investment. At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we established an allowance for loan losses totaling $50.8 million and $36.8 million, respectively, based upon our analysis of the mortgage loans held for investment portfolio, including a $1.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively, reserve for probable loan losses on mortgage loans specifically identified as impaired (which primarily consists of loans related to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita). The increase in the allowance for loan losses primarily is driven by the growth and seasoning of our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio. We have not substantively changed any aspect of our overall approach in the determination of the allowance for loan losses under SFAS No. 5, and there have been no material changes in our assumptions or estimates as compared to the prior year that impacted the determination of the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2006.

The following table sets forth a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and for the year ended December 31, 2005:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006
 
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2005
 
Allowance for loan losses - beginning of year
 
$
36,832
 
$
10,278
 
Provision for loan losses (1)
   
20,276
   
28,592
 
Charge-offs (2)
   
(6,275
)
 
(2,038
)
Allowance for loan losses - end of period
 
$
50,833
 
$
36,832
 

(1)  The provision for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and for the year ended December 31, 2005 includes an $82,000 and $1.7 million, respectively, specific provision related to estimated losses attributable to impaired loans. The specific provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 is net of a $745,000 reversal in the portion of the provision related to the loans in Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disaster areas. The specific provision recorded for the year ended December 31, 2005 all related to the loans in Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disaster areas.

(2)  The charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and for the year ended December 31, 2005 include a $352,000 and $3,000, respectively, charge-off against the specific allowance for loan losses attributable to loans in Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disaster areas.

43

At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, a specific reserve for impaired loans totaled $1.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The majority of the specific reserve at September 30, 2006 ($705,000 of the total) and all of the specific reserve at December 31, 2005 relates to the impaired loans within mortgage loans held for investment that are located in the Hurricanes Katrina and Rita disaster areas designated by FEMA. Our specific allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 is based upon our probable loss exposure attributable to 18 properties (14 of these properties are Hurricane Katrina and Rita related) and 35 properties (all of these properties were Hurricane Katrina and Rita related), respectively, securing a total unpaid principal balance of $2.4 million ($1.5 million of this balance is Hurricane Katrina and Rita related) and $3.9 million, respectively, in the affected areas. As additional information is obtained and processed over the coming months and quarters, we will continue to assess the need for any adjustments to our specific reserves related to the mortgage loans in the affected areas.

Trustee Receivable. Trustee receivable increased $8.6 million, or 15.4%, to $64.8 million at September 30, 2006, from $56.2 million at December 31, 2005. Trustee receivable principally represents any un-remitted principal and interest payments collected by the securitization trust’s third-party loan servicer subsequent to the monthly remittance cut-off date on our mortgage loans held for investment - securitized portfolio. The unscheduled principal payments and prepaid loan payments received after the remittance cut-off date as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 totaled $59.2 million and $50.7 million, respectively, relating to the securitizations accounted for as secured financings. The trustee is expected to remit these amounts on the following month’s scheduled remittance date, at which time they mainly will be used to pay down principal on the related financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net. The balance in trustee receivable also includes the interest portion of mortgage payments collected by our loan servicing provider during the month which are remitted to us one month after collection (i.e., interest collected by the third-party servicer after our September 2006 remittance cut-off date will be remitted to us in October 2006).

Accrued Interest Receivable. Accrued interest receivable increased $11.2 million, or 41.6%, to $38.2 million at September 30, 2006, from $27.0 million at December 31, 2005. The increase is due to the 32.7% increase in mortgage loans held for investment - securitized from December 31, 2005, offset by the 51.4% decrease in mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization during the same period. The increase in accrued interest receivable also includes the effect of an increase in the weighted-average interest rates on the mortgage loans held for investment - securitized and mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization of 35 basis points and 84 basis points, respectively, from December 31, 2005 to September 30, 2006.

Excess Cashflow Certificates. The following table presents the activity related to our excess cashflow certificates for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and for the year ended December 31, 2005:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
For the NineMonths Ended
September 30, 2006
 
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2005
 
Balance, beginning of year
 
$
7,789
 
$
14,933
 
Excess cashflow certificates sold
   
(1,500
)
 
--
 
Accretion
   
433
   
1,593
 
Cash receipts
   
(15,449
)
 
(23,146
)
Net change in fair value
   
9,184
   
14,409
 
Balance, end of period
 
$
457
 
$
7,789
 

      Since we began structuring our securitizations in 2004 to be accounted for as secured financings, we no longer record excess cashflow certificates (but rather the underlying mortgage loans) on newly issued securitizations on the consolidated balance sheet. During May 2006, we sold $1.5 million of excess cashflow certificates at par to a third-party without recourse. We did not sell any excess cashflow certificates during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 or during the year ended December 31, 2005.

44

Aside from the impact of the sale of excess cashflow certificates, the decrease in the fair value of our excess cashflow certificates for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, as compared to the same period in 2005, primarily is due to the timing of cash receipts and losses on the underlying loans, coupled with the change in the amount of remaining residual cash flows. Actual losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 were lower than the anticipated losses, resulting in the receipt of cash earlier than expected. In addition, we revised the assumptions used to determine the fair value of the excess cashflow certificates during the first quarter of 2006 and the third quarter of 2005. The most notable of the changed assumptions was the third quarter 2005 decrease in the amount of expected losses over the remaining term of several of the certificates and the revised shape of the loss curve due to better-than-expected performance of the mortgage loans that underlie the excess cashflow certificates. As a result of the lower losses and the increased cash flow, the return was higher on the excess cashflow certificates during the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

Equipment, Net. Equipment, net increased $1.3 million, or 19.9%, to $8.0 million at September 30, 2006, from $6.7 million at December 31, 2005. This increase primarily is due to purchases of computer equipment, leasehold improvements and office furnishings during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, which reflects the impact of our office expansions during 2006. The equipment and office furnishings purchased during the first nine months of 2006 will be depreciated over a three- to five-year period from the date acquired, while the leasehold improvements will be depreciated generally over the shorter of the life of the lease or five years.

Accounts Receivable. Accounts receivable decreased $440,000, or 8.6%, to $4.7 million at September 30, 2006, from $5.1 million at December 31, 2005. This decrease primarily is due to a decrease in amounts due from the third-party servicer, offset by a slight increase of $90,000 in a current tax asset. The decrease in servicer receivables relates to the decrease in the amount of mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization. The servicer receivables generally relate to early pay-offs occurring on our mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization portfolio during the last month of a period and are comprised of the principal and interest payments collected by our loan servicing provider during the month and remitted to us one month after collection (i.e., principal and interest collected by the third-party servicer during September 2006 will be remitted to us in October 2006).

Prepaid and Other Assets. Prepaid and other assets increased $8.6 million, or 28.1%, to $39.1 million at September 30, 2006, from $30.5 million at December 31, 2005. The increase primarily is due to the (1) $13.4 million increase in REO properties due to the expected seasoning of the loan portfolio, and (2) $2.6 million net increase in deferred securitization debt issuance costs that are recognized over the estimated life of the securitization debt as a yield adjustment to interest expense. These increases were partially offset by a $7.5 million net decrease in the fair value of our derivative instruments used to hedge our securitization debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we held $17.8 million and $4.4 million, respectively, of REO properties, which we carry at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated selling costs.  The fair value of the REO properties were written down by $786,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. We recorded write-downs of $213,000 during the year ended December 31, 2005.
 
Deferred Tax Asset. The deferred tax asset decreased by $5.1 million, or 9.3%, to $49.8 million at September 30, 2006, from $54.9 million at December 31, 2005. The decrease primarily is due to timing differences in GAAP income and taxable income recognition. The decrease in the deferred tax asset primarily relates to (1) gain-on-sale accounting versus REMIC tax accounting for securitizations entered into prior to 2004, our 2004 securitizations which were accounted for as secured financings, and which for tax purposes were accounted for as REMIC transactions and were treated as sales, (2) deferred hedge gains (interest rate swaps) and (3) deferred origination fees. These decreases were offset by a $1.6 million increase in deferred taxes related to the decrease in the fair value of the hedge instruments within accumulated OCI. Additionally, the decrease was partially offset by increases in the timing differences related to the allowance for loan losses and accrued expenses.

Commencing in the first quarter of 2005, we began issuing our securitizations using a newly created subsidiary that we elected to treat as a REIT (also referred to as a “Captive REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The Captive REIT securitizations are structured as “debt-for-tax” transactions. Our securitizations prior to 2005 all were structured as REMICs or “sale-for-tax” transactions. The tax structure was changed to more closely conform to the GAAP accounting treatment. See “Origination of Mortgage Loans - Securitizations Structured as Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits and Owner-Trusts for Income Tax Purposes” above for information relating to our use of our REIT subsidiary in securitization transactions.

45

Bank Payable. Bank payable decreased $231,000, or 12.0%, to $1.7 million at September 30, 2006, from $1.9 million at December 31, 2005. Bank payable represents the amount of checks written against our operating account which subsequently are covered as they are presented to the bank for payment by either drawing down our lines of credit or from subsequent deposits of operating cash.

Warehouse Financing. Our warehouse financing decreased $167.5 million, or 75.2%, to $55.3 million at September 30, 2006, from $222.8 million at December 31, 2005. The decrease in warehouse financing was primarily due to a $138.9 million, or 51.4%, decrease in the amount of mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization at September 30, 2006 as compared to December 31, 2005.

Financing on Mortgage Loans Held for Investment, Net. Our financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net increased $1.4 billion, or 31.7%, to $5.8 billion at September 30, 2006, from $4.4 billion at December 31, 2005. This increase in the issuance of asset-backed securities corresponds to the 32.7% increase in loans held for investment - securitized during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The balance of this account generally will increase in proportion to the increase in mortgage loans held for investment - securitized.

Other Borrowings. Other borrowings increased $322,000, or 6.7%, to $5.1 million at September 30, 2006, from $4.8 million at December 31, 2005. The increase was due to the increased need for equipment financing during the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

The following table summarizes certain information regarding other borrowings at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005:

(Dollars in thousands)
           
Equipment Financing
 
Range of Interest Rates
 
Balance
 
Range of Expiration Dates
             
At September 30, 2006
 
6.26% to 9.09%
 
$                                           5,107
 
November 2006 to October 2009
             
At December 31, 2005
 
3.29% to 12.45%
 
$                                           4,785
 
January 2006 to December 2008

Accrued Interest Payable. Accrued interest payable increased $9.0 million, or 68.7%, to $22.1 million at September 30, 2006, from $13.1 million at December 31, 2005. The increase primarily was related to the increase in the outstanding balance of our financing on mortgage loans held for investment, net, which increased $1.4 billion, or 31.7%, at September 30, 2006 from December 31, 2005, coupled with the increase in the weighted average cost on mortgage loans held for investment financing. The weighted average cost on mortgage loans held for investment financing was 5.56% at September 30, 2006 as compared to 4.92% at December 31, 2005.

Accrued interest payable related to warehouse borrowings represented $14,000 and $279,000 of the balance at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. The decrease is due to the 75.2% decrease in warehouse financing offset by the 93 basis point increase (5.32% at September 30, 2006 compared to 4.39% at December 31, 2005) in the index utilized to calculate the interest expense related to those borrowings.

      Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities. Accounts payable and other liabilities increased $14.6 million, or 43.8%, to $47.8 million at September 30, 2006, from $33.2 million at December 31, 2005. The increase was primarily due to an $11.4 million increase in accrued servicer advances (payables) during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 related to our accounting for loan securitizations as secured financings beginning in 2004, and to a lesser extent, an increase in deferred hedge related losses of $1.2 million. Also contributing to the increase in accounts payable and other liabilities were increases in employee benefit related accruals (i.e., bonus and medical expense), reserves related to legal, premium recapture and representation and warranty indemnifications, partially offset by a reduction in current taxes payable during the same period.

46

Stockholders’ Equity. Stockholders’ equity increased $36.9 million, or 34.6%, to $143.7 million at September 30, 2006 from $106.8 million at December 31, 2005. This increase primarily is due to (1) the recording of $21.8 million in net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, (2) the $19.3 million of net proceeds we received from the issuance of 2.5 million shares of common stock in a private placement in April 2006, and (4) the $298,000 of proceeds and $872,000 of excess tax benefits related to the exercise of 276,500 stock options from authorized but unissued shares during the same period. These increases were offset by decreases of $2.6 million, net of tax, in the accumulated OCI related to the net unrealized losses from derivatives, the payment of $2.2 million of dividends and the accrual of $1.2 million in common stock dividends that were declared on September 25, 2006 and paid on October 4, 2006.

Additionally increasing stockholders’ equity was the effect of the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) which removed from stockholders’ equity the unearned common stock held by the SIP on January 1, 2006. During the fourth quarter of 2005, we contributed 157,275 shares, or $1.2 million, of our common stock to the SIP, which represented deferred compensation and initially was recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity.
 
Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our material contractual obligations as of September 30, 2006:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total
 
Less than
One Year
 
One to
Three Years
 
Three to
Five Years
 
More than
Five Years
 
                       
Securitization asset-backed securities (1)
 
$
5,845,277
 
$
2,183,474
 
$
2,226,865
 
$
788,201
 
$
646,737
 
Operating leases
 
$
22,319
 
$
6,734
 
$
9,738
 
$
5,507
 
$
340
 
Equipment financing
 
$
5,107
 
$
433
 
$
3,794
 
$
880
 
$
--
 

(1)  Amounts shown above reflect estimated repayments based on anticipated receipt of principal and interest on underlying mortgage loan collateral using the same prepayment speed assumptions we use to value our excess cashflow certificates.

Loan Commitments

We provide commitments to fund mortgage loans to customers as long as all of the proper conditions are met. Our commitments have fixed expiration dates. We quote interest rates to customers, which are generally subject to change by us. Although we typically honor these interest rate quotes, the quotes do not constitute future cash requirements, minimizing the potential interest rate risk exposure. We do not believe these non-conforming mortgage loan commitments meet the definition of a derivative under GAAP. Accordingly, they are not recorded in the consolidated financial statements. At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we had outstanding origination commitments to fund approximately $118.2 million and $104.8 million, respectively, in mortgage loans.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Our off-balance sheet arrangements primarily relate to securitizations structured as sales prior to 2004. In connection with our securitization transactions that were structured as sales (and where we have recorded an economic interest, i.e., excess cashflow certificates), there is $501.9 million in collateral (primarily mortgage loans) owned by off-balance sheet trusts as of September 30, 2006. These trusts have issued asset-backed securities secured by these mortgage loans. We have no obligation to provide funding support to either the third party investors or the off-balance sheet trusts. The third-party investors or the trusts have no recourse to our assets or us and have no ability to require us to repurchase their loans other than for non-credit-related recourse that can arise under standard representations and warranties. See “Origination of Mortgage Loans - Securitizations” and “Securitizations Structured as a Sale” for additional information regarding these transactions.

47

Liquidity and Capital Resources

      The term “liquidity” refers to our ability to generate adequate amounts of cash to fund our operations, including our loan originations, loan purchases, operating expenses, tax payments and planned dividend payments. We require substantial amounts of cash to fund our loan originations, securitization activities and operations. We generate working capital primarily from the cash proceeds we receive from our quarterly securitizations, including the NIM transactions and the sale of MSRs. Our current cost structure has many embedded fixed costs, which are not likely to be significantly affected by a relatively substantial change in our loan origination volume. If we can continue to originate a sufficient amount of mortgage loans and continue our practice of securitizations, we expect to generate sufficient cash proceeds from our securitization financings, whole-loan sales and the cash flows from our growing portfolio of mortgage loans held for investment to largely offset our current cost structure and cash uses. However, we may choose to not sell MSRs or reduce the amount of securitization debt we issue, which will negatively impact our cash flow in any period we do so. Additionally, although we believe our strategy to hedge our exposure to rising interest rates in an effort to “lock in” our spread (as discussed in more detail in “Summary of Critical Accounting Policies - Accounting for Hedging Activities” above and “- Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk - Hedging” below) to be appropriate, decreasing interest rates could adversely impact our cash flow in future periods.

We believe we must generate sufficient cash from the following in order to sustain our current level of working capital:

 
·
the proceeds we receive from selling or financing asset-backed securities in connection with our securitizations;

 
·
the proceeds from the sale of MSRs to a third-party mortgage servicer;

 
·
the premiums we receive from selling whole-loans on a servicing-released basis;

 
·
origination fees collected on newly closed loans;

 
·
the cash flow from corridors and interest rate swaps;

 
·
excess cashflow certificates we retained in connection with our securitizations prior to 2004; and

 
·
principal and interest payments we receive on our loans held for investment.
 
Currently, our primary uses of cash include the funding of:

 
·
mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization which are not financed;

 
·
interest expense on warehouse lines of credit, financing of mortgage loans held for investment, interest rate swap payments and other financings;

 
·
scheduled principal pay-downs on financing of mortgage loans held for investment, warehouse lines of credit and other financings;

 
·
transaction costs, derivative costs and credit enhancement (O/C) in connection with our securitizations;

 
·
general ongoing administrative and operating expenses, including the cost to originate loans;

 
·
tax payments, including those related to excess inclusion income generated from our excess cashflow certificates and all, or a portion, of our dividends received from our REIT subsidiary; and

 
·
common stock dividends.
 
48

Historically, we have financed our operations utilizing securitization financings, various secured credit financing facilities, issuances of corporate debt, issuances of equity, and MSRs sold in conjunction with each of our securitizations to support our originations, securitizations and general operating expenses.

We have repurchase agreements with several of the institutions that have purchased mortgage loans from us in the past. Some of the agreements provide for our repurchase of any of the mortgage loans that become subject to foreclosure sale. At the foreclosure sale, we will repurchase the mortgage, if necessary, and make the institution whole. The dollar amount of loans that were sold with recourse and are still outstanding totaled $596,000 and $762,000 at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. Included in “accounts payable and other liabilities” is an allowance for recourse loans related to those loans sold with recourse of $248,000 and $310,000 at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. We did not repurchased any loans that were sold with recourse under our existing repurchase agreements during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 or during the year ended December 31, 2005.
 
Subject to our ability to execute our business strategy and the various uncertainties described in this section and described in “Part II. Item 1A. - Risk Factors,” we anticipate that we will have sufficient cash flows from operations, short-term funding and capital resources to meet our liquidity obligations for at least the next 12 months; however, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in this regard.

Financing Facilities

       We need to borrow substantial sums of money each quarter to originate mortgage loans. We have relied upon a limited number of counterparties to provide us with the financing facilities to fund our loan originations. Our ability to fund current operations and accumulate loans for securitization depends to a large extent upon our ability to secure short-term financing on acceptable terms. There can be no assurance that we will be able to either renew or replace our warehouse facilities at their maturities at terms satisfactory to us or at all. If we are not able to obtain financing, we will not be able to originate new loans and our business and results of operations will be negatively impacted.

To originate and accumulate loans for securitization, we borrow money on a short-term basis primarily through committed secured warehouse lines of credit. Throughout each quarter as we amass loans for inclusion in each quarter’s securitization and a significant portion of our total warehouse financing lines may be utilized to fund these loans. The majority of the loans collateralizing warehouse borrowings are held for a period of up to 120 days, at which point they are securitized or sold. The material terms and features of our financing facilities in place at September 30, 2006 (including any subsequent changes thereto) are as follows:

       Bank of America Warehouse Line of Credit. We have a $350.0 million facility ($175.0 million of which is committed) with Bank of America, LLC which bears interest based upon a fixed margin over one-month LIBOR. This facility provides the ability to borrow against first and second lien loans and "wet" collateral, which are loans that have closed and have been funded, but for which we have not yet received the loan documents from the closing agent. The facility provides us with the ability to borrow at the lower of 98% of fair market value or 100% of the par amount of the mortgage loans between 0 to 59 days delinquent and a limited amount of mortgage loans between 60 to 89 days delinquent. This facility expires in August 2007. As of September 30, 2006, the outstanding balance under the facility was $53.5 million.

RBS Greenwich Capital Warehouse Line of Credit. We have a $350.0 million committed facility ($200.0 million of which is committed, commencing in November 2006) with RBS Greenwich Capital Financial Products, Inc., which bears interest based upon a fixed margin over one-month LIBOR. This facility provides us with the ability to borrow against first and second lien loans and wet collateral. The facility provides the ability to borrow at the lower of 98% of fair market value or 100% of the par amount of the mortgage loans between 0 to 59 days delinquent. Mortgage loans between 60 to 89 days delinquent may be financed at lower borrowing percentages. This facility expires in November 2007. As of September 30, 2006, the outstanding balance under the facility was $1.8 million.

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Citigroup Warehouse Line of Credit. We have a $350.0 million committed facility with Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp., which bears interest based upon a fixed margin over one-month LIBOR. This facility provides the ability to borrow against first and second lien loans and wet collateral. The facility provides us with the ability to borrow at the lower of 98% of fair market value or 100% of the par amount of the mortgage loans between 0 to 59 days delinquent. Mortgage loans between 60 to 89 days delinquent may be financed at lower borrowing percentages. This facility expires in May 2007. As of September 30, 2006, we had no outstanding balance under the facility.

JP Morgan Chase Warehouse Line of Credit. We have a $350.0 million facility ($200.0 million of which is committed) with JP Morgan Chase which bears interest based upon a fixed margin over one-month LIBOR. This facility provides the ability to borrow against first and second lien loans and wet collateral. The facility provides us with the ability to borrow at the lower of 98% of fair market value or 100% of the par amount of the mortgage loans between 0 to 59 days delinquent and a limited amount of mortgage loans between 60 to 89 days delinquent. This facility expires in May 2007. As of September 30, 2006, we had no outstanding balance under the facility.

Deutsche Bank Warehouse Line of Credit. Commencing in October 2006, we have added a $350.0 million facility ($200.0 million of which is committed) with Deutsche Bank which bears interest based upon a fixed margin over one-month LIBOR. This facility provides the ability to borrow against first and second lien loans and wet collateral. The facility provides us with the ability to borrow at the lower of 98% of fair market value or 100% of the par amount of the mortgage loans between 0 to 29 days delinquent and a limited amount of mortgage loans between 30 to 89 days delinquent. This facility expires in October 2007.

Our warehouse agreements require us to comply with various operating and financial covenants. The continued availability of funds provided to us under these agreements is subject to, among other conditions, our continued compliance with these covenants. We believe we were in compliance with these covenants as of September 30, 2006.

Interest Rate Risk

      Our primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk. Our results of operations may be significantly affected by the level of and fluctuation in interest rates. (See “- Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk - Interest Rate Risk”).

Current Interest Rate Environment. Net interest income after provision for loan loss represents 72.8% and 65.2% of our net revenues (net interest income and non-interest income, less provision for loan loss) during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Net interest income after provision for loan loss represents 72.6% and 68.7% of our net revenues (net interest income and non-interest income, less provision for loan loss) during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Accordingly, the interest rate environment has a substantial impact on our earnings. Our balance sheet is currently liability sensitive. A company with a liability sensitive balance sheet generally experiences reduced net interest income in a rising or increasing rate environment, such as the present environment, while earnings are enhanced in a sustained decreasing rate cycle. The impact of the flattening of the yield curve recently has negatively impacted our margin since the spread between our longer-term assets and our shorter-term liabilities has contracted.

Valuation Risk

In connection with the securitizations structured as sales, we have retained certain assets for which the market is limited and illiquid. As a result, valuations are derived using complex modeling and significant assumptions and judgments, in the absence of active market quotations or sale information to value such assets. These retained assets are primarily comprised of excess cashflow certificates. As market conditions change, the fair value of our excess cashflow certificates could vary significantly, impacting non-interest income. (See “- Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Summary of Critical Accounting Policies - Excess Cashflow Certificates”).

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Credit Risk

A significant portion of our loans held for investment have been made to non-prime credit borrowers and are secured by residential property. There is no guarantee that, in the event of borrower default, we will be able to recoup the full principal amount and interest due on a loan. We have adopted underwriting and loan quality monitoring systems, procedures and credit policies, including the establishment and review of the allowance for loan losses, that management believes are prudent and appropriate to minimize this risk by tracking loan performance, assessing the likelihood of nonperformance and diversifying our loan portfolio. These policies and procedures, however, may not prevent unexpected losses that could adversely affect our results.

We also sell loans on a whole-loan basis, from time-to-time, to banks and other financial institutions. When we sell mortgage loans on a whole-loan basis we normally make standard mortgage industry representations and warranties, which may require us to repurchase one or more of the mortgage loans if they are breached. Additionally, certain whole-loan sale contracts include provisions that require us to repurchase a loan if a borrower fails to make one or more of the first loan payments due on the loan. In these instances, we are subject to repurchase risk in the event of a breach of standard representations or warranties we make in connection with these whole-loan sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005, we repurchased or net settled $678,000 and $723,000, respectively, of loans under certain re-purchase provisions related to whole-loan sales.

Geographical Concentration

Properties securing our mortgage loans held for investment are geographically dispersed throughout the United States. For the three months ended September 30, 2006, approximately 23.6%, 11.3%, 6.2%, 6.1% and 5.6%, based upon principal balance, of the mortgage loans we originated were on properties located in New York, Florida, Illinois, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, respectively, with no other state representing more than 5% of the originations.

The concentration of mortgage loans in specific geographic areas may increase the risk of loss. Economic conditions in the states where borrowers reside may affect the delinquency, loss and foreclosure experience of the mortgage loans. These states may suffer economic problems, natural disasters or reductions in market values for residential properties that are not experienced in other states.

The value of mortgaged properties could decline as a result of an overall decline in the economy or residential real estate market, or from the occurrence of a natural disaster that is not covered by standard homeowners’ insurance policies (i.e., hurricane-related damages). This decline, in turn, would increase the risk of delinquency, default or foreclosures on mortgage loans in our mortgage loans held for investment portfolio and restrict our ability to originate, sell or securitize mortgage loans, which would significantly harm our business, financial condition and liquidity.

Environmental Matters

To date, we have not been required to perform any environmental investigation or clean-up activities, nor have we been subject to any environmental claims. There can be no assurance, however, that this will remain the case in the future. Although we primarily lend to owners of residential properties, in the course of our business, we may acquire properties securing loans that are in default. There is a risk that we could be required to investigate and clean-up hazardous or toxic substances or chemical releases at these properties, and may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage, personal injury and investigation and clean-up costs incurred in connection with the contamination. In addition, the owner or former owners of a contaminated site may be subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination emanating from the property.

 

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Inflation

       Inflation affects us most significantly in the areas of mortgage loan originations and profit margins. Interest rates normally increase during periods of rising inflation (or in periods when the Federal Reserve Bank attempts to prevent inflation). Historically, as interest rates increase, such as the current trend, mortgage loan production decreases, particularly from loan refinancing. Generally, in such periods of reduced mortgage loan production the associated profit margins also decline due to increased competition among loan originators and due to higher unit costs, thus further reducing our earnings. (See “- Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk - Interest Rate/Market Risk”).

Impact of New Accounting Standards

Fair Value Measurements. In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 157 during the first quarter of 2008 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations, but we are currently in the process of assessing the impact that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have on our financial statements.

Prior Year Misstatements. In September 2006, the SEC Staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 108, "Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements," which addresses how the effects of prior year uncorrected misstatements should be considered when quantifying misstatements in current year financial statements. SAB No. 108 will require registrants to quantify misstatements using both the balance sheet and income-statement approaches and to evaluate whether either approach results in quantifying an error that is material in light of relevant quantitative and qualitative factors. When the effect of initial adoption is determined to be material, SAB No. 108 allows registrants to record that effect as a cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The requirements are effective for annual financial statements covering the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. We are in the process of assessing the effect, if any, of SAB No. 108 on our consolidated financial statements.

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48. FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109. Only tax positions meeting a “more-likely-than-not” threshold of being sustained are recognized under FIN No. 48. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification of interest and penalties and accounting and disclosures for annual and interim financial statements. FIN No. 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The cumulative effect of the changes arising from the initial application of FIN No. 48 is required to be reported as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. We currently are evaluating the impact, if any, that the adoption of FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007 will have on our financial statements.

Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets. In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156. SFAS No. 156 amends SFAS No. 140 with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. SFAS No. 156 requires, among other things, that (1) an entity recognize a servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract under certain situations, and (2) all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities initially be measured at fair value, if practicable.

SFAS No. 156 also permits an entity to choose its measurement methods for each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. At the date SFAS No. 156 is initially adopted, an entity with recognized servicing rights is permitted a one-time reclassification of available-for-sale securities to trading securities, without calling into question the treatment of other available-for-sale securities under SFAS No. 115, provided that the available-for-sale securities are identified in some manner as offsetting the entity’s exposure to changes in fair value of servicing assets or servicing liabilities that a servicer elects to subsequently measure at fair value.

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Additionally required by SFAS No. 156 is the separate presentation of servicing assets and servicing liabilities subsequently measured at fair value in the statement of financial position and additional disclosures for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities.

An entity should adopt SFAS No. 156 as of the beginning of its first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. Earlier adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year, provided the entity has not yet issued financial statements, including interim financial statements, for any period of that fiscal year. An entity should apply the requirements for recognition and initial measurement of servicing assets and servicing liabilities prospectively to all transactions after the effective date of SFAS No. 156. We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS No. 156 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments. In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, which amends SFAS No. 133 and No. 140. SFAS No. 155, among other things, permits fair value re-measurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation and clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133. Additionally, SFAS No. 155 establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation and clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives. SFAS No. 155 amends SFAS No. 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a QSPE from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. SFAS No. 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS No. 155 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.


We originate mortgage loans and then securitize the mortgage loans or sell them through whole-loan sales. As a result, our primary market risk is interest rate risk. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including:

 
·
governmental monetary and tax policies;

 
·
domestic and international economic and political considerations; and

 
·
other factors that are also beyond our control.

Changes in the general interest rate levels between the time we originate mortgage loans and the time we securitize or sell the mortgage loans can affect their value and, consequently, our net interest income revenue by affecting the “excess spread” between the interest rate on the mortgage loans and the interest paid on the asset-backed securities issued by the securitization trusts. We may use hedges, such as interest rate swaps and corridors, to mitigate the effect of changing interest rates between the time we originate loans and the time we either securitize or sell loans. If hedges are not utilized, as interest rates rise between the time we originate the loans and the time we securitize or sell the loans, the excess spread generally would narrow, resulting in a loss of value on the loans and lowering the net interest income we would receive on the mortgage loans we securitize and lower net gains, or possibly produce losses on the whole loans we sell. Since we close and fund mortgage loans at a specified interest rate with an expected spread to be earned over their life in the case of securitizations and an expected gain on sale to be booked at the time of their sale, our exposure to decreases in the fair value of the mortgage loans rises when moving from a lower to a higher interest rate environment, such as the current environment. A higher interest rate environment results in our having a higher cost of funds. This decreases both the fair value of the mortgage loans and the net spread we earn between the mortgage interest rate on each mortgage loan and our cost of funds under available warehouse lines of credit used to finance the loans prior to their securitization or sale. As a result, we may experience lower spreads on securitized loans and a lower gain on whole-loan sales.

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The following table demonstrates the sensitivity, at September 30, 2006, of the estimated fair value of our excess cashflow certificates caused by an immediate 10% and 20%, respectively, change in the key assumptions we use to estimate fair value:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Fair Value of
Excess Cashflow
Certificates
 
Increase (Decrease)
To Earnings
(Pre-tax basis)
 
           
Fair value as of September 30, 2006
 
$
457
       
               
10% increase in prepayment speed
   
539
 
$
82
 
20% increase in prepayment speed
   
627
   
170
 
               
10% increase in credit losses
   
256
   
(201
)
20% increase in credit losses
   
190
   
(267
)
               
10% increase in discount rates
   
456
   
(1
)
20% increase in discount rates
   
453
   
(4
)
               
10% increase in one- and six-month LIBOR
   
317
   
(140
)
20% increase in one- and six-month LIBOR
   
628
   
171
 

      The sensitivities are hypothetical and are presented for illustrative purposes only. Changes in the fair value resulting from a change in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the resulting change in fair value may not be linear. Each change in assumptions presented above was calculated independently, without changing any other assumption. However, in reality, changes in one assumption may result in changes in another assumption, which may magnify or counteract the sensitivities. For example, a change in market interest rates may simultaneously impact prepayment speeds, credit losses and the discount rate. We are unable to predict how one change in a particular assumption may impact other assumptions.

We regularly issue securitization asset-backed securities collateralized by fixed- and variable-rate mortgage loans. As a result of this activity, we are exposed to interest rate risk beginning when our mortgage loans close and are recorded as assets until permanent financing is arranged, such as when asset-backed securities are issued. To reduce our financial exposure to changes in interest rates, our strategy is to use derivative instruments, in the form of interest rate swap contracts, in an effort to effectively lock in a pre-determined interest rate on designated portions of our prospective future securitization financings. We also use corridors (corresponding purchase and sale of interest rate caps with similar notional balances at different strike prices) and/or amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps that are designed to mitigate our basis risk within the securitization. (See “- Item 2. - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Summary of Critical Accounting Policies - Accounting for Hedging Activities”). Changes in interest rates also could adversely affect our ability to originate loans and/or could affect the level of loan prepayments, impacting the amount of mortgage loans held for investment and/or the size of the loan portfolio underlying our excess cashflow certificates and, consequently, the value of our excess cashflow certificates. (See “- Interest Rate Risk/Market Risk” and “Part II. - Item 1A. - Risk Factors”).

Interest Rate/Market Risk

Our general investment policy is to maintain the net interest margin between assets and liabilities.

Loan Price Volatility. Under our current mode of operation, we utilize the market for wholesale non-conforming mortgage loans to sell a portion of our loan origination production, normally at a gain, each quarter. The use of the wholesale mortgage loan market to sell our loans is dependent upon the market prices being offered compared to the potential financial benefit of retaining the loans (i.e., securitizing the loans) in our portfolio. Our financial results may be significantly impacted depending upon whether we decide sell or retain the loans. Our decision to sell will also depend, in part, on our ability to find purchasers for our loans at prices that cover origination expenses.

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       Interest Rate Risk. Interest rates affect our ability to earn a spread between interest received on our loans and the cost of our borrowings, including the cost of corridors, if any, that are tied to various interest rate swap maturities, LIBOR, and other interest rate spread products, such as mortgage, auto and credit card backed receivable securities. Our profitability is likely to be negatively impacted during any period of unexpected or rapid changes in interest rates. A substantial and sustained increase in interest rates could impact our ability to originate loans. A significant decline in interest rates could increase the level of loan prepayments, which would decrease the size of the loan servicing portfolio underlying our securitizations. To the extent excess cashflow certificates have been capitalized on our financial statements, higher than anticipated rates of loan prepayments or losses could require us to write down the value of these excess cashflow certificates, which adversely impact our earnings. In an effort to mitigate the effect of interest rate risk, we periodically review our various mortgage products and identify and modify those that have proven historically more susceptible to prepayments. However, there can be no assurance that these modifications to our product line will mitigate effectively any interest rate risk in the future.

       Periods of unexpected or rapid changes in interest rates, and/or other volatility or uncertainty regarding interest rates, also can harm us by increasing the likelihood that asset-backed investors will demand higher spreads than normal to offset the volatility and/or uncertainty, decreasing our net interest margin.

Fluctuating interest rates also may affect the net interest income we earn, resulting from the difference between the yield we receive on the loans held pending securitization or sale and the interest paid by us for funds borrowed under our warehouse facilities. In the past, from time to time, we have undertaken specific measures to hedge our exposure to this risk by using various hedging strategies, including Fannie Mae mortgage securities, treasury rate lock contracts and/or interest rate swaps. (See “- Item 2. - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Summary of Critical Accounting Policies - Accounting for Hedging Activities”). Fluctuating interest rates also may significantly affect the excess cash flows from our excess cashflow certificates, as the interest rate on some of our asset-backed securities change monthly based on one-month LIBOR, but the collateral that backs such securities is comprised of mortgage loans with either fixed interest rates or “hybrid” interest rates (e.g., fixed for the initial two or three years of the mortgage loan, and adjusting thereafter every six months) which creates basis risk. (See “- Item 2. - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Summary of Critical Accounting Policies - Excess Cashflow Certificates”). With our transition to on-balance sheet portfolio securitizations in 2004, we have and may continue to hedge our exposure to interest rate risk as described above in “- Item 2. - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Summary of Critical Accounting Policies - Accounting for Hedging Activities.”

When interest rates on our assets do not adjust at the same rates as our liabilities or when the assets have fixed-rates and the liabilities are adjusting, our future earnings potential is affected. We express this interest rate risk as the risk that the market value of assets will increase or decrease at different rates than that of the liabilities. Expressed another way, this is the risk that net asset value will experience an adverse change when interest rates change. We assess the risk based on the change in market values given increases and decreases in interest rates. We also assess the risk based on the impact to net income in changing interest rate environments.

       Management uses financing sources where the interest rate resets frequently. As of September 30, 2006, the adjustable-rate borrowings under all of our financing arrangements adjust daily (i.e., our warehouse lines of credit) or monthly (i.e., portions of our securitization debt). On the other hand, very few of the mortgage assets we own adjust on a monthly or daily basis. Most of the mortgage loans are fixed-rate; the remainder contain features where their rates are fixed for some period of time and then adjust frequently thereafter. For example, one of our loan products is the “2/28” loan. This 30-year loan is fixed for its first two years and then adjusts every six months thereafter.

While short-term borrowing rates are low and long-term asset rates are high, this portfolio structure enhances our net interest income during the relevant period. However, if short-term interest rates rise rapidly, the earnings potential is significantly affected, as the asset rate resets would lag behind the borrowing rate resets.

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Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis. To assess interest sensitivity as an indication of exposure to interest rate risk, management relies on models of financial information in a variety of interest rate scenarios. Using these models, the fair value and interest rate sensitivity of each financial instrument, or groups of similar instruments, is estimated and then aggregated to form a comprehensive picture of the risk characteristics of the consolidated balance sheet.

We measure the sensitivity of our net interest income to changes in interest rates affecting interest sensitive assets and liabilities using various interest rate simulations. These simulations take into consideration changes that may occur in the forward LIBOR curve and changes in mortgage prepayment speeds.

As part of various interest rate simulations, we calculate the effect of potential changes in interest rates on our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and their effect on overall earnings. The simulations assume instantaneous and parallel shifts in interest rates and to what degree those shifts affect net interest income. First, we project our net interest income for the next 12 months and 36 months using current period end data along with a forward LIBOR curve and the prepayment speed assumptions we used to estimate the fair value of our excess cashflow certificates.

We refer to the one-year and the three-year projections of net interest income as the “base case.” Second, once the base case has been established, we “shock” the base case with instantaneous and parallel shifts in interest rates in 100 basis point increments upward and downward. Calculations are made for each of the defined instantaneous and parallel shifts in interest rates over or under the forward LIBOR curve used to determine the base and including any associated changes in projected mortgage prepayment speeds. The following sensitivity tables present the results of each 100 basis point change in interest rates compared against the base case to determine the estimated dollar and percentage change to net interest income at September 30, 2006:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Base Case
 
Up 100 Basis Points
 
Up 200 Basis Points
 
Down 100 Basis Points
 
Down 200 Basis Points
 
One Year Projection:
                     
                       
Net interest income (1)(2)
 
$
129,438
 
$
125,941
 
$
125,340
 
$
132,884
 
$
137,478
 
Percentage change from base
         
(2.70
)%
 
(3.17
)%
 
2.66
%
 
6.21
%
                                 
Three Year Projection:
                               
                                 
Net interest income (1)(2)
 
$
257,302
 
$
250,139
 
$
247,545
 
$
263,841
 
$
271,669
 
Percentage change from base
         
(2.78
)%
 
(3.79
)%
 
2.54
%
 
5.58
%

(1) Net interest income from assets (income from mortgage loans held for investment and interest rate caps) less expense from liabilities (financing on mortgage loans held for investment and warehouse interest expense) in a parallel shift in the yield curve, up and down 1% and 2%.

(2) Assumes warehouse interest expense through December 31, 2006.

Because the assumptions used in the sensitivity tables are inherently uncertain, we cannot predict precisely the effect of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, the difference between actual experience and the assumed volume and characteristics of new business and behavior of existing positions, and changes in market conditions and management strategies, among other factors.

        Hedging. From an interest rate risk management perspective, we use interest rate swaps and corridors in an effort to offset the potential adverse effects of our exposure during a period of rising rates, such as the current environment. In this way, management generally intends to hedge as much of the interest rate risk as determined to be in our best interest, given the cost of hedging transactions.

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We seek to build a consolidated balance sheet and undertake an interest risk management program that is likely, in management’s view, to enable us to maintain an equity liquidation value sufficient to maintain operations given a variety of potentially adverse circumstances. Accordingly, the hedging program addresses income preservation, as discussed in the first part of this section.

       Corridors are legal contracts between us and a third party firm or “counterparty.” The counterparty agrees to make payments to us in the future (net of the in-the-money interest rate cap sold as part of the corridor) should the one- or three-month LIBOR interest rate rise above the strike rate specified in the net purchased option contract. Each contract has both a fixed or amortizing notional face amount on which the interest is computed, and a set term to maturity. When the referenced LIBOR interest rate rises above the contractual strike rate, we earn corridor income (net of the in-the-money interest rate cap sold as part of the corridor). Payments on an annualized basis equal the difference between actual LIBOR and the strike rate. Interest rate swaps have similar characteristics. However, interest rate swap agreements allow us to pay a fixed-rate of interest while receiving a rate that adjusts with one-month LIBOR.

Maturity and Repricing Information

The following table summarizes the notional amount, expected maturities and weighted average strike price or rates for corridors and amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps that we held as of September 30, 2006:

(Dollars in thousands, except average strike price and rate)
 
Total
 
One Year
 
Two Years
 
Three Years
 
Four Years
 
Five Years & Thereafter
 
Caps bought - notional
 
$
1,309,123
 
$
878,486
 
$
270,984
 
$
39,803
 
$
30,158
 
$
89,692
 
Weighted average strike price
 
$
6.67
 
$
6.11
 
$
7.31
 
$
7.46
 
$
7.46
 
$
7.42
 
                                       
Caps sold - notional
 
$
1,309,123
 
$
878,486
 
$
270,984
 
$
39,803
 
$
30,158
 
$
89,692
 
Weighted average strike price
 
$
9.01
 
$
8.78
 
$
9.33
 
$
9.27
 
$
9.27
 
$
9.30
 
                                       
Amortizing notional balance interest rate swaps:
                       
    Notional
 
$
228,135
 
$
93,856
 
$
85,937
 
$
46,323
 
$
2,019
 
$
--
 
    Weighted average rate
 
$
5.30
 
$
5.30
 
$
5.29
 
$
5.28
 
$
5.18
 
$
--
 


Prior to the filing of this report, management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2006, these disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures also are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. There were no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses identified during the course of this evaluation. There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2006 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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Part II - OTHER INFORMATION


Because the nature of our business involves the collection of numerous accounts, the validity of liens and compliance with various state and federal lending laws, we are subject, in the normal course of business, to numerous claims and legal proceedings, including class actions. The current status of the pending class actions and other material litigation is summarized below:

 
·
In or about November 1998, we received notice that we had been named in a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. In December 1998, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint alleging that we had violated the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act of 1994, the federal Truth-in-Lending Act, and Section 349 of the New York State General Business Law, which relates to consumer protection for deceptive practices. The complaint sought: (a) certification of a class of plaintiffs, (b) declaratory judgment permitting rescission, (c) unspecified actual, statutory, treble and punitive damages, including attorneys’ fees, (d) injunctive relief and (e) declaratory judgment declaring the loan transactions as void and unconscionable. On December 7, 1998, plaintiff filed a motion seeking a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction, enjoining us from conducting foreclosure sales on 11 properties. The District Court Judge ruled that in order to consider the motion, plaintiff must move to intervene on behalf of these 11 borrowers. Thereafter, plaintiff moved to intervene on behalf of three of these 11 borrowers and sought injunctive relief on their behalf. We opposed the motions. On December 14, 1998, the District Court Judge granted the motion to intervene and on December 23, 1998, the District Court Judge issued a preliminary injunction that enjoined us from proceeding with the foreclosure sales of the three interveners’ properties. We filed a motion for reconsideration of the December 23, 1998 order. In January 1999, we filed an answer to plaintiffs’ first amended complaint. In July 1999, the plaintiffs were granted leave, on consent, to file a second amended complaint. In August 1999, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint that, among other things, added additional parties but contained the same causes of action alleged in the first amended complaint. In September 1999, we filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, which was opposed by plaintiffs and, in June 2000, was denied in part and granted in part by the District Court. In or about October 1999, plaintiffs filed a motion seeking an order preventing us, our attorneys and/or the New York State Banking Department (“NYSBD”) from issuing notices to a number of our borrowers, in accordance with the settlement agreement entered into by and between the NYSBD and us. In the fourth quarter of 1999, we and the NYSBD submitted opposition to the plaintiffs’ motion. In March 2000, the District Court issued an order that permitted us to issue an approved form of the notice. In September 1999, the plaintiffs filed a motion for class certification, which we opposed in February 2000, and which was ultimately withdrawn without prejudice by the plaintiffs in January 2001. In February 2002, we executed a settlement agreement with the plaintiffs, under which we denied all wrongdoing, but agreed to resolve the litigation on a class-wide basis. The District Court preliminarily approved the settlement and a fairness hearing was held in May 2002. We submitted supplemental briefing at the District Court’s request in or about April 2004. In August 2004, the District Court conditionally approved the settlement, subject to our submitting supplemental documentation regarding a change in the settlement agreement and proposed supplemental notices to be sent to those borrowers who either opted out or objected. We, plaintiffs and certain objectors submitted our respective supplemental submissions in August 2004 and the District Court granted its final approval to the settlement in January 2005. In February 2005, certain objectors filed a notice of appeal. The objectors filed their appellate brief in July 2005. We filed our appellate papers in opposition in September 2005, and the objectors filed their reply papers in September 2005. In February 2006, the Appellate Court vacated the District Court’s decision to approve the settlement, not based on the merits of the settlement, but because a motion to intervene was decided by the District Court Magistrate Judge and not the District Court Judge. The Appellate Court instructed the District Court Judge to rule on the motion to intervene and, until then, it cannot be determined if the District Court Judge will also have to rule on the fairness of the settlement, or if that issue will have to return to the Appellate Court. Briefing on the intervention motion was re-submitted to the District Court Judge in July 2006. If the settlement is not approved, we believe we have meritorious defenses and intend to vigorously defend this suit, but cannot estimate with any certainty our ultimate legal or financial liability, if any, with respect to the alleged claims.

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·
In or about March 1999, we received notice that we and certain of our officers and directors had been named in a lawsuit filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, alleging that we had improperly charged certain borrowers processing fees. The complaint sought: (a) certification of a class of plaintiffs, (b) an accounting and (c) unspecified compensatory and punitive damages, including attorneys’ fees, based upon alleged (i) unjust enrichment, (ii) fraud and (iii) deceptive trade practices. In April 1999, we filed an answer to the complaint. In September 1999, we filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, which was opposed by the plaintiffs, and in February 2000, the Court denied the motion to dismiss. In April 1999, we filed a motion to change venue and the plaintiffs opposed the motion. In July 1999, the Court denied the motion. We appealed, and in March 2000, the Appellate Court granted our appeal to change venue from New York County to Nassau County. In August 1999, the plaintiffs filed a motion for class certification, which we opposed in July 2000. In or about September 2000, the Appellate Court granted the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification, from which we appealed. The Appellate Court denied our appeal in December 2001. In or about June 2001, we filed a motion for summary judgment to dismiss the complaint, which was denied by the Court in October 2001. We appealed that decision, but the Appellate Court denied our appeal in November 2002. We filed a motion to reargue in December 2002, which was denied by the Appellate Court in January 2003. Discovery continued in the lower Court. In October 2006, we executed a settlement agreement with the plaintiffs, under which we denied all wrongdoing, but agreed to resolve the litigation on a class-wide basis. The settlement agreement is subject to Court approval. The Court preliminarily approved the settlement and scheduled a fairness hearing in February 2007. If the settlement is not approved, we believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to vigorously defend this suit, but cannot estimate with any certainty our ultimate legal or financial liability, if any, with respect to the alleged claims.

 
·
In July 2003, we commenced a lawsuit in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Nassau County, against Delta Funding Residual Exchange Company LLC (the “LLC”), an unaffiliated limited liability company, Delta Funding Residual Management, Inc. (“DFRM”), and James E. Morrison, President of the LLC and DFRM, alleging that (1) the LLC breached its contractual duties by failing to pay approximately $142,000 due to us in June 2003, and (2) that Mr. Morrison and DFRM knowingly and intentionally caused the default, thereby breaching their respective fiduciary duties to the LLC. The complaint seeks: (a) payment of amounts past due under our agreement with the LLC, plus interest, (b) specific performance of the LLC’s obligations to us in the future, and (c) monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty, in an amount to be determined by the Court. In September 2003, Mr. Morrison, the LLC and DFRM filed a motion to dismiss our complaint and the LLC and DFRM filed a countersuit in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, against several of our directors and officers and us seeking, among other things, damages of not less than $110 million. The countersuit alleges misrepresentation, negligence and/or fraud by defendants in that case relating to our August 2001 exchange offer. In October 2003, we filed our opposition to the motion to dismiss and cross-moved to consolidate the two actions in Nassau County. In November 2003, we answered the New York County action. In February 2004, the Nassau County Supreme Court denied Mr. Morrison’s motion to dismiss our causes of action seeking (a) payment of amounts due under our agreements with the LLC and (b) monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty, and granted Mr. Morrison’s motion to dismiss our cause of action seeking specific performance to preclude future defaults by Morrison and the LLC. The Supreme Court also granted our motion to consolidate the cases in Nassau County. In April 2004, we filed a motion to dismiss Mr. Morrison’s countersuit, which the Supreme Court denied in September 2004. Discovery is proceeding. In or about October 2004, the LLC commenced an action against KPMG LLP, our independent public accountants at that time, based upon similar allegations as asserted in this action. In September 2005, it was agreed that the action against KPMG LLP would be joined with this action. In the countersuit, the LLC was granted permission to serve an amended complaint, which it did in November 2005. The amended complaint included two additional causes of action alleging breach of fiduciary duty owed to the LLC, one against us and the other against several of our officers and directors. In December 2005, we filed a motion to amend our complaint to add claims (both individually and as a member of the LLC) against Mr. Morrison arising from the same and/or similar facts and circumstances, seeking recovery for waste, for improper personal benefit, for breach of fiduciary duty (beyond those already alleged in the complaint) and for a material misstatement in the LLC’s financial statements. In April 2006, the Supreme Court dismissed our motion to amend and granted us permission to revise the motion and re-file it. In July 2006, we re-filed our motion to amend our complaint, which motion was opposed. In November 2006, the Court denied our motion. We believe we have meritorious claims in our lawsuit and meritorious defenses in the countersuit. We intend to vigorously prosecute our claims and vigorously defend ourselves against the countersuit. We cannot estimate with any certainty our ultimate legal or financial recovery and/or liability, if any, with respect to the alleged claims in the countersuit.

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·
In or about December 2003, we received a notice that we had been named in two lawsuits filed by the same plaintiff in the Circuit Court, Third Judicial Circuit in Madison County, Illinois. One alleged that we had improperly charged certain borrowers fax fees, and one alleged that we improperly retained extra per diem interest when loans were satisfied. The complaints seek (a) certification of a class of plaintiffs, (b) direction to return fax fees charged to borrowers, and (c) unspecified compensatory and statutory damages, including prejudgment and post judgment interest and attorneys’ fees, based upon alleged (1) breach of contract, (2) statutory fraud and (3) unjust enrichment. In February 2004, we filed a motion to dismiss the case pertaining to fax fees claims. The plaintiff was granted leave to file a motion to amend his complaint in the fax fee case, which rendered our February 2004 motion to dismiss moot. The plaintiff filed an amended complaint in July 2004 and we filed a new motion to dismiss in August 2004, which the court denied in January 2005, and we have since filed an answer in that case. In March 2004, we filed a motion to dismiss the case pertaining to per diem interest claims, which the court denied in September 2004. We have since filed an answer in that case and plaintiffs filed a motion to dismiss our affirmative defenses, which the Circuit Court granted, permitting us leave to replead the defenses with more particularity, which we have done. Discovery has commenced in both cases. In June 2005, we filed opposition papers to the plaintiff’s motion for class certification in the case pertaining to fax fee claims. In June 2006, we filed a motion for summary judgment in the case pertaining to the per diem interest and in July 2006 we filed a motion for summary judgment in the case pertaining to fax fees claims. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to vigorously defend these suits, but cannot estimate with any certainty our ultimate legal or financial liability, if any, with respect to the alleged claims.

 
·
In our about November 2004, we received notice that we have been named in a lawsuit styled as a collective action filed in the United States District Court of the Western District of Pennsylvania, alleging that our subsidiary, Fidelity Mortgage Inc. (“Fidelity”, now a division of our other subsidiary, Delta Funding Corporation), did not pay its loan officers overtime compensation and/or minimum wage in violation of the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act. The complaint seeks: (1) an amount equal to the unpaid wages at the applicable overtime rate, (2) an amount equal to the minimum wages at the applicable minimum wage, (3) an equal amount as liquidated damages, (4) costs and attorneys’ fees, (5) leave to add additional plaintiffs, and (6) leave to amend to add claims under applicable state laws. We filed an answer and discovery has commenced. In April 2005, the plaintiff filed his motion for conditional class certification and in May 2005, Fidelity filed its opposition to that motion. In June 2005, the Magistrate Judge issued a Report and Recommendation, recommending that the plaintiff’s motion for conditional class certification be granted, and that plaintiff’s motion to authorize judicial notice be granted (subject to revision and final approval by the District Court). In July 2005, Fidelity filed with the District Court its objections to the Magistrate Judge’s Report and Recommendation and the plaintiff filed its opposition to our objections. In July 2005, the District Court upheld the Magistrate Judge’s Report and Recommendation. Any potential class members who desired to join the collective action were provided an opportunity to do so during an “opt-in” period that ended in October 2005. Approximately 180 individuals, virtually all of whom are former employees, are plaintiffs in the collective action. In April 2006, the plaintiffs filed a motion for summary judgment. By agreement in June 2006, the Court stayed the action while the parties engaged in non-binding mediation, and plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment was withdrawn without prejudice to it being re-filed. The matter was not resolved through mediation, the stay was lifted in August 2006, the plaintiffs’ motion was re-filed and we filed our opposition to the motion and a cross-motion for partial summary judgment. In September 2006, the plaintiffs filed their papers in response to our opposition to their motion and replied to our cross-motion. In October 2006, we filed our reply papers to the plaintiffs’ opposition to our cross-motion. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to vigorously defend this suit, but cannot estimate with any certainty our ultimate legal or financial liability, if any, with respect to the alleged claims.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Certain information contained in this Quarterly Report constitutes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which involve risks and uncertainties that exist in our operations and business environment, and are subject to change based on a variety of important factors. Generally, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology including, but not limited to, “anticipate that,” “believes,” “continue to,” “estimates,” “expects to,” “hopes,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predict,” “should,” “could,” “is likely to,” “believe,” “to be,” “will be,” “will continue to be,” or similar words or terminology. These statements include, but are not limited to, our future profitability and our future net interest income, our future cash flows and liquidity requirements, the future performance of our loan portfolios, our plans to grow originations, the impact of changes in interest rates, our future hedging strategy, the anticipated impact to our financial statements of our change to our accounting for securitizations, the impact of changes to accounting rules, our ability to realize benefits from our deferred tax asset, and our anticipated outcome of litigation and regulatory matters, as well as statements expressing optimism or pessimism about future operating results. Such statements are subject to the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (“PSLRA”) of 1995. The forward-looking statements are based upon management’s views and assumptions as of the date of this Quarterly Report regarding future events and operating performance and are applicable only as of the date of such statements. By their nature, all forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainties. We caution readers that numerous important factors discussed in this section, or detailed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 under the caption “Risk Factors,” in some cases have caused, and in the future could cause, our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report.

The following risks and uncertainties, and those contained in our Annual Report on 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements, and undue reliance should not be placed on any such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any of these statements in light of future events, except as required by law. There can be no assurance, however, that our expectations will necessarily come to pass. We qualify any and all of our forward-looking statements entirely by these cautionary factors. The following include some, but not all, of the factors or uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ from our projections:

 
·
Our ability or inability to earn a sufficient spread between our cost of funds and our average mortgage rates to generate sufficient revenues and cash flows to offset our current cost structure and cash uses;

 
·
Our ability or inability to originate a sufficient amount of mortgage loans, and subsequent sale or securitization of such loans, to offset our current cost structure and cash uses;

 
·
Our ability or inability to continue our practice of securitizing mortgage loans, as well as our ability to utilize optimal securitization structures (including the execution of NIM transactions and the sale of MSRs at the time of securitization) at terms favorable to us to generate sufficient cash proceeds to offset our current cost structure;

 
·
Our ability or inability to manage interest rate risk. Our primary interest rate exposure relates to our mortgage loans and variable-rate debt, as well as the interest rate swaps and caps that we use for risk management purposes. Changes in interest rates may affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income we earn on our interest-earning assets and the interest expense we incur on our interest-bearing liabilities. Changes in the level of interest rates also can affect our ability to originate or acquire mortgage loans, the value of our assets and our ability to realize gains from the sale of such assets. In a period of rising short-term interest rates, such as the current environment, our interest expense could increase while the interest we earn on our interest-earning assets would not change as rapidly. We generally finance loans prior to securitization or whole-loan sale through warehouse financing. The net income we receive on these mortgage loans is the difference between the interest income we receive from the borrower on the mortgage loan, less the sub-servicing fee and interest expense we pay. The warehouse financing is based upon one-month LIBOR. An increase in one-month LIBOR, without a corresponding increase in the rates at which we lend would reduce our net income;

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·
The impact of changes in our accounting policies, including our change to on-balance sheet treatment of our securitizations;

 
·
Our ability or inability to continue to employ on-balance sheet securitizations to generate cash flows and earnings from net interest spread income;

 
·
In 2006 we adopted SFAS 123(R), which requires us to measure compensation cost for stock awards at fair value and recognize compensation over the service period the awards expected to vest. The determination of compensation cost requires us to make many assumptions regarding volatility, expected option life and forfeiture rates. In addition, changes in our stock price or prevailing interest rates will also impact the determination of fair value and compensation cost. If any of our assumptions used to determine fair value change significantly, future share-based compensation may differ materially from that recorded in the current period;

 
·
Our ability to securitize or sell certain of the mortgage loans we originate depends upon the acceptance of those products by various parties in the market, including, among others, underwriters or purchasers of our asset-backed securities, ratings agencies, bond insurers and/or whole-loan purchasers. Any one of these or other parties can determine that certain of the loan products that we originate (now or in the future) are undesirable or problematic, which can make it more difficult to securitize these loans or sell them at par in the future. Our inability to securitize or sell certain types of loan products in the future may cause us to retain such loans in our portfolio, which may have an adverse impact on our cash position or generate losses, or sell them at a significant discount, which may generate losses;

 
·
Our ability or inability to continue to access lines of credit at favorable terms and conditions, including without limitation, warehouse and other credit facilities used to finance newly originated mortgage loans held for investment - pre-securitization and our ability or inability to comply with covenants contained in these lines of credit. In the past our warehouse providers have agreed to increase the available capacity on our warehouse lines beyond their contractual limits. There can be no assurance that our warehouse providers would do so in the future should the need arise;

 
·
The effects of interest rate fluctuations and our ability or inability to hedge effectively against these fluctuations in interest rates, the effect of changes in monetary and fiscal policies, social and economic conditions, unforeseen inflationary pressures and monetary fluctuation;

 
·
Any significant change in the credit quality of our loan portfolio would have a significant effect on our financial position, results of operations and our ability to securitize or sell our loans;

 
·
The leveling off of or decline in the value of residential properties could have a significant impact on our origination levels and/or financial position and results of operations. The increase in home prices over the last several years has contributed to the growth in our origination volume, as well as, reducing the risk of losses by improving LTV or CLTV ratios. The slowing of home-price growth, or perhaps a decline in values in some markets, could have a significant impact on our mortgage loan origination growth, as well as impact our prepayment speed and credit loss assumptions on the mortgage loans held for investment and the corresponding allowance for loan losses;

 
·
Periods of general economic slowdown or recession may be accompanied by decreased demand for consumer credit and declining real estate values. Because of our focus on credit-impaired borrowers, the actual rate of delinquencies, foreclosures and losses on loans affected by the borrowers’ reduced ability to use home equity to support borrowings could be higher than those generally experienced in the mortgage lending industry. We are particularly subject to economic conditions in the northeastern U.S., where approximately 42.4% and 42.9% of our loans were originated during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. Any sustained period of increased delinquencies, foreclosure, losses or increased costs could adversely affect our ability to securitize or sell loans in the secondary market and we may cause us to sustain a reduction in our net income or incur losses;

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·
Increased competition within our markets, particularly in the wholesale loan channel, where an increasing number of lenders are competing for business from independent mortgage brokers;

 
·
Our loan products may require payment adjustments during the term of the mortgage loan that may result in increased payment defaults by borrowers and higher losses to us. Some of our loan products require payment adjustments during the term of the mortgage loan. This can result in payment defaults by borrowers who are unprepared or unable to meet higher payment requirements. In addition, some of our loan products do not amortize evenly and generally enable the borrower to either pay only interest for several years before the loan begins amortizing or pay a reduced principal and interest payment for the first 10 years. These loan products, in addition to possibly having increased payment defaults, also may result in higher losses to us due to higher principal balances outstanding at the time of a borrower default than would be the case for a loan that amortizes evenly throughout its term;

 
·
The effect that the adoption of new, or amendments to, federal, state or local lending laws and regulations and the application of these laws and regulations may have on our ability to originate loans within a particular area, or to ultimately sell those loans through securitization or on a whole-loan basis. In some instances, we may choose or be forced to severely limit, or even cease, our lending activities in a particular area. Many states and local municipalities have adopted and/or are considering adopting laws that are intended to further regulate our industry. Many of these laws and regulations seek to impose broad restrictions on certain commonly accepted lending practices, including some of our practices. In addition, federal, state and local laws could impact O/C requirements set by the rating agencies, which could decrease the cash proceeds we may receive from our securitizations;

 
·
Changes in the deductibility of mortgage interest and real estate taxes could decrease our loan production and harm our business. Members of Congress and government officials have from time to time suggested the elimination of deductions for mortgage interest and real estate taxes for federal income tax purposes, either entirely or in part. The competitive advantages of tax deductible interest and real estate taxes, when compared to alternative sources of financing, could be eliminated or seriously impaired by this change. Accordingly, the reduction or elimination of these tax benefits could reduce the demand for our mortgage loans;

 
·
Costs associated with litigation and rapid or unforeseen escalation of the cost of regulatory compliance, generally including, but not limited to, the adoption of new, or changes in, federal, state or local lending laws and regulations and the application of such laws and regulations, licenses, environmental compliance, the adoption of new, or changes in, accounting policies and practices and the application of such policies and practices. Failure to comply with various federal, state and local regulations, accounting policies and/or environmental compliance can lead to the loss of approved status, rights of rescission for mortgage loans, class action lawsuits, demands for indemnification or loan repurchases by purchasers of our loans and administrative enforcement action against us;

 
·
Potentially unfavorable outcomes related to pending legal matters, including those matters described above in “Item 1. - Legal Proceedings;”

 
·
Our ability or inability to find alternative methods of generating retail leads and originating retail loans in light of the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) and various state “do not call” registries, which were implemented beginning in 2003 and may limit our ability to utilize telemarketing to generate retail leads and originate retail loans. Our marketing operations are or may become subject to various federal and state “do not call” list requirements. Under the FTC’s regulations, consumers may have their phone numbers added to the national “do not call” registry. Generally, we are prohibited from cold calling anyone on that registry. These regulations may restrict our ability to market effectively our products and services to new customers. Furthermore, compliance with these regulations may prove costly and difficult, and we may incur penalties for improperly conducting our marketing activities;

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·
While we are not subject to direct supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS"), changes in OTS regulations have limited our ability to charge prepayment penalties on some of the mortgage loans we originate. These changes do not affect our competitors that are federally regulated institutions, which could have an adverse impact on ability to compete in certain states. In addition, the absence of prepayment penalties on some of our loans also could adversely impact our securitizations and related profitability;

 
·
The risk that we will be subject to claims under environmental laws;

 
·
Geopolitical risks, such as terrorist attacks in the United States or other parts of the world, conflicts involving the United States or its allies, or military or trade disruptions, may harm our business, the U.S. economy and capital markets, and in particular the asset-backed market. These types of events could cause, among other things, the delay or cancellation of plans to finance a mortgage with us on the part of our customers or potential customers, or could negatively impact the capital markets and the asset-backed market in particular. Any of these events could cause business and consumer confidence and spending to decrease further, resulting in increased volatility in the United States and worldwide financial markets and potentially an economic recession in the United States and internationally, which could harm our business;

 
·
Natural disasters may adversely affect the performance of mortgage loans in a variety of ways, including but not limited to, impacting borrowers’ abilities to repay their loans, displacing the homeowners due to severe damage to the properties, and decreasing the value of the mortgaged property, which may result in increased losses to us. Standard homeowner insurance policies generally do not provide coverage for natural disasters, such as hurricanes and floods. Furthermore, nonconforming borrowers are not likely to have special hazard insurance. To the extent that borrowers do not have insurance coverage for natural disasters, they may not be able to repair the property or may stop paying their mortgages if the property is damaged. Additionally, claims for insurance recoveries may be disputed if insured parties and their insurers disagree in their assessments or type of insurable damage, causing the timing and receipt of insurance payments for damages to be delayed or made at amounts lower than expected, if at all. We may not be able to readily determine the particular nature of such economic effects, how long any of these effects may last, or the impact on the performance of mortgage loans affected by the natural disaster;

 
·
The risk that any material decline in real estate values would weaken our collateral LTV ratios and increase the possibility of loss if a borrower defaults. In such event, we would be subject to the risk of loss on such mortgage asset arising from borrower defaults to the extent not covered by a third-party credit enhancement;

 
·
The risk that using Insured Automated Valuation Models (“Insured AVMs”) in lieu of appraisals could increase our losses. An AVM may be considered a less accurate measure to value a property than a full appraisal with an interior inspection performed by a licensed appraiser. We utilized an Insured AVM on approximately 12.4% of the loans we originated during the three months ended September 30, 2006. If the values received from the AVM are higher than the actual property values, we may incur higher losses. While we obtain an insurance policy on the AVM value at the time of origination, there can be no assurance that we will recover claims from this policy in the event of a loss;

 
·
Our ability or inability to detect misrepresentations, fraudulent information or negligent acts on the part of loan applicants, mortgage brokers, other vendors or our employees in our loan originations prior to funding and the effect it may have on our business, including potentially harming our reputation or resulting in poorer performing loans. A loan obtained as a result of a material misrepresentation is typically unsaleable or subject to repurchase if it is sold prior to detection of the misrepresentation;

 
·
The risk that we may need to repurchase loans securitized or sold on a whole-loan basis if we breach the representations and warranties that we make in connection with the sales;

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·
The risks of defaults on the loans that we make to non-prime credit borrowers, and that our underwriting and loan quality monitoring systems will not be sufficient to minimize the impact from these defaults;

 
·
The risk that demand for cash-out refinancing may decrease as interest rates rise and the prices of homes decline, which would reduce our origination volumes for this type of refinancing;

 
·
Our ability or inability to continue monetizing our rights to receive excess cash flow from securitizations (both new and existing), including without limitation selling, financing or securitizing such assets;

 
·
The accuracy of our estimates of the value of our excess cashflow certificates;

 
·
The effect that poor servicing or collections by third-party servicers that service the loans we originate, and/or regulatory actions and class action lawsuits against these servicers, could have on the value of our excess cashflow certificates, the net interest spread we earn, and/or our ability to sell or securitize loans in the future;

 
·
A decline in the quality of servicing and/or a degradation in the financial condition of the entity servicing our mortgage loans could lower the value of our excess cashflow certificates and our securitized loan portfolio, as well as our ability to sell or securitize loans. Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC, a third-party mortgage loan servicer, presently services our loan portfolio. Poor servicing by Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC (or its parent, Ocwen Financial Corporation, or subsidiaries, collectively referred to as “Ocwen”) or any other third-party servicer who services the loans we originate could harm the value of securitized mortgage loans (and our excess cashflow certificates in pre-2004 securitizations) and our ability to sell or securitize loans. Additionally, regulatory actions and class action lawsuits against these servicers could harm the value of our securitized loans (and our excess cashflow certificates in pre-2004 securitizations) and our ability to sell or securitize loans. Ocwen has been named as a defendant in a number of purported class action and other lawsuits that challenge its servicing practices under applicable federal and state laws. In addition, on November 29, 2005, a jury in County Court for Galveston County, Texas, returned a verdict of $11.5 million in compensatory and punitive damages and attorneys' fees against Ocwen, in favor of a plaintiff borrower who defaulted on a mortgage loan it serviced. The plaintiff claimed that Ocwen’s foreclosure on the loan violated the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act and other state statutes and common law. On February 9, 2006, the trial court reduced the jury verdict and entered judgment in the amount of approximately $1.8 million. Ocwen has indicated in its public filings that it believes the judgment was against the weight of evidence and contrary to law and that the attorneys’ fees award, which comprises approximately $1.1 million of the judgment should be reduced as impermissibly excessive. Ocwen also has indicated in its public filings that they have appealed the decision and intends to continue to vigorously defend this matter. Further, according to its public filings, Ocwen maintains high levels of indebtedness. Ocwen is a non-investment grade company and in 2004 terminated its banking subsidiary's status as a federal savings bank under supervision of the OTS and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Ocwen is now licensed and regulated primarily at the state and local level. If Ocwen’s operations are impaired as a result of litigation, judgments, governmental investigations, its inability to repay its indebtedness when due, or further degradation of its capitalization or credit rating, our profitability and operations may be harmed;

 
·
The effect that an interruption in, or breach of, our information systems could have on our business;

 
·
Our ability or inability to adapt to and implement technological changes to become and/or remain competitive and/or efficient;

 
·
The possibility of failure of our operating facilities, computer systems and communication systems during a catastrophic event;

 
·
We rely heavily upon communications and information systems to conduct our business. Any material interruption or breach in security of our communication or information systems or the third-party systems on which we rely could cause underwriting or other delays and could result in fewer loan applications being received, slower processing of applications and reduced efficiency in loan servicing. Additionally, in connection with our loan file due diligence reviews, we have access to the personal financial information of the borrowers which is highly sensitive and confidential, and subject to significant federal and state regulation. If a third party were to misappropriate this information, we potentially could be subject to both private and public legal actions. Our policies and safeguards may not be sufficient to prevent the misappropriation of confidential information, may become noncompliant with existing federal or state laws or regulations governing privacy, or with those laws or regulations that may be adopted in the future;

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·
Unpredictable delays or difficulties in the development of new product programs;

 
·
The unanticipated expenses of assimilating newly acquired businesses, if any, into our structure, as well as the impact of unusual expenses from ongoing evaluations of business strategies, asset valuations, acquisitions, divestitures and organizational structures;

 
·
A portion of the income we receive from our excess cashflow certificates, which are created in a REMIC securitization, is referred to as excess inclusion. In addition, all or a portion of the dividends we receive from our REIT subsidiary is considered excess inclusion, resulting from the subsidiary’s ownership of the securitization trusts (that are classified as a taxable mortgage pool). With limited exceptions, excess inclusion is always subject to tax because it cannot be offset by other deductions or by net operating losses. If the total amount of excess inclusion exceeds our regular taxable income, our liquidity would be impacted as our cash payments for federal income taxes would exceed the amount that would otherwise be required;

 
·
Our inability to comply with REIT qualification tests for our REIT subsidiary on a continuous basis would subject our securitization trusts owned by our REIT subsidiary to federal income tax as a corporation (as a taxable mortgage pool) and not allow it to be filed as part of consolidated income tax return with any other corporation. The REIT rules require compliance with asset, income, distribution and ownership tests. The ownership test prohibits five or fewer stockholders from owning more than 50% of our common stock. As of September 30, 2006, members of the Miller family (considered one stockholder under the attribution rule applicable to the ownership of REIT stock) own approximately 33.4% of the common stock (including employees’ stock options as required by the Code and related rules and regulations). There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with these tests or remain compliant. Failure to remain compliant would result in the imposition of a tax upon our securitization trusts and would reduce cash flow that would otherwise be available to make payments on the offered asset-backed securities and reduce the amount that we would receive from the securitization trusts. In addition, it would result in an event of default, unless waived, under our warehouse and certain other credit facilities. Accordingly, a failure to remain compliant with the REIT qualification tests may reduce our profitability and cash flow and have a material adverse impact on us;
 
 
·
Our executive officers (specifically, members of the Miller family) collectively own a large percentage of our common shares and could influence or control matters requiring shareholder approval. Accordingly, if members of the Miller family were to act in concert, they would have the ability to exercise significant control over us with respect to matters submitted to a stockholder vote, including the approval of fundamental corporate transactions, such as mergers and acquisitions, consolidations and asset sales, and electing all of the members of our Board of Directors. As long as the Miller family controls such a substantial percentage of our shares, third parties may not be able to gain control of us through purchases of our common stock. In addition, members of the Miller family hold positions as executive officers of our Company, including Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, Executive Vice President and Senior Vice President (General Counsel);
 
 
·
Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and proposed and recently enacted changes in securities laws and regulations are likely to increase our operating costs; and

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·
Future sales of shares of our common stock, including shares of common stock held by our insiders, may negatively impact the price of our common stock. The market price of our common stock may decline if a substantial number of shares of our common stock is sold, or the perception that those sales might occur. We are unable to predict whether significant numbers of shares will be sold in the open market in anticipation of or following a sale by insiders.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit No.
 
Filed
 
Description
         
31.1
 
(a)
 
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
31.2
 
(a)
 
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
32.1
 
(a)
 
Section 1350 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
32.2
 
(a)
 
Section 1350 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
_______________
(a)
Filed herewith.

 

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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
     
  DELTA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
 
 
 
 
          (Registrant)

 
Date:  November 8, 2006 By:    /s/ Hugh Miller
 
Hugh Miller
 
Title:  President and Chief Executive Officer
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
  By:  
/s/ Richard Blass
 
Richard Blass
  Title:  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


 
 


 

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