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Available-for-sale Securities and Fair Value on Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Available-for-sale Securities and Fair Value on Financial Instruments

Note 2. Available-for-sale Securities and Fair Value on Financial Instruments

Available-for-sale Securities

The following is a summary of available-for-sale securities at March 31, 2020 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss			Allowance for Credit Loss		Fair Value
Money market funds	$	10,733	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	10,733
United States government agency securities		22,591		274		—			—		22,865
Corporate debt securities		76,958		90		(487	)		—		76,561
Total available-for-sale securities	$	110,282	$	364	$	(487	)	$	—	$	110,159

The following is a summary of available-for-sale securities at December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Money market funds	$	8,860	$	—	$	—	$	8,860
United States government agency securities		15,545		16		—		15,561
Corporate debt securities		35,073		98		—		35,171
Total available-for-sale securities	$	59,478	$	114	$	—	$	59,592

Available-for-sale securities at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, consisted of the following by contractual maturity (in thousands):

	March 31, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
One year or less	$	54,471	$	54,565	$	43,822	$	43,907
Greater than one year and less than five years		55,811		55,594		15,656		15,685
Total available-for-sale securities	$	110,282	$	110,159	$	59,478	$	59,592

The following table shows all available-for-sale marketable securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recognized and the related gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):


	March 31, 2020
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Corporate debt securities	$	55,318	$	487	$	—	$	—	$	55,318	$	487

As of December 31, 2019, the Company did not have any available-for-sale securities in an unrealized net loss position.

The Company typically invests in highly-rated securities, and its investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The policy generally requires investments to be investment grade, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss. Fair values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. When evaluating an investment for expected credit loss, the Company reviews factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below its cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, and any changes thereto, changes in market interest rates, and the Company’s intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the investment’s cost basis. The Company also regularly reviews its investments in an unrealized loss position and evaluates the current expected credit loss by considering factors such as historical experience, market data, issuer-specific factors, and current economic conditions. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not recognize any credit losses. The Company has no current requirement or intent to sell the securities in an unrealized loss position. The Company expects to recover up to (or beyond) the initial cost of investment for securities held. The Company recorded gross realized gains of less than $0.1 million and gross realized losses of $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The Company did not record any gross realized gains or losses from the sale or maturity of available-for-sale investments during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Fair Value Disclosures

The Company uses certain assumptions that market participants would use to determine the fair value of an asset or liability in pricing the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The identification of market participant assumptions provides a basis for determining what inputs are to be used for pricing each asset or liability. A fair value hierarchy has been established which gives precedence to fair value measurements calculated using observable inputs over those using unobservable inputs. This hierarchy prioritized the inputs into three broad levels as follows:

•	Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments

•	Level 2: Other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments)

•	Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs (including assumptions in determining the fair value of certain investments)

Money market funds are highly liquid investments and are actively traded. The pricing information on these investment instruments are readily available and can be independently validated as of the measurement date. This approach results in the classification of these securities as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

To estimate the fair value of Level 2 debt securities as of March 31, 2020, the Company’s primary pricing service relies on inputs from multiple industry-recognized pricing sources to determine the price for each investment. Corporate debt and U.S. government agency securities are systematically priced by this service as of the close of business each business day. If the primary pricing service does not price a specific asset a secondary pricing service is utilized.

The fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities were determined using the following inputs at March 31, 2020 (in thousands):

	Balance sheet			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	classification	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Money market funds	Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,733	$	10,733	$	—	$	—
United States government agency securities	Short-term investments		22,865		—		22,865		—
Corporate debt securities	Short-term investments		76,561		—		76,561		—
Total financial assets		$	110,159	$	10,733	$	99,426	$	—

The fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities were determined using the following inputs at December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

	Balance sheet			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	classification	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Money market funds	Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,860	$	8,860	$	—	$	—
United States government agency securities	Short-term investments		15,561		—		15,561		—
Corporate debt securities	Short-term investments		35,171		—		35,171		—
Total financial assets		$	59,592	$	8,860	$	50,732	$	—

The Company did not have any transfers among fair value measurement levels during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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