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Revenue from Contracts with Customers
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue from Contracts with Customers Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Disaggregation of Revenue
The Company operates in two business segments: High Performance Materials & Components (HPMC) and Advanced Alloys & Solutions (AA&S). Revenue is disaggregated within these two business segments by diversified global markets, primary geographical markets and diversified products. Comparative information of the Company’s overall revenues (in millions) by global and geographical markets for the first quarters ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
(in millions)
 
First quarter ended
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
March 31, 2019
 
 
HPMC
AA&S
Total
 
HPMC
AA&S
Total
Diversified Global Markets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aerospace & Defense
 
$
358.8

$
133.7

$
492.5

 
$
400.6

$
125.0

$
525.6

Energy*
 
24.1

146.5

170.6

 
28.1

140.4

168.5

Automotive
 
2.0

74.5

76.5

 
3.6

73.3

76.9

Food Equipment & Appliances
 
—

50.4

50.4

 
0.1

53.1

53.2

Construction/Mining
 
5.3

38.3

43.6

 
18.5

39.4

57.9

Medical
 
17.0

21.6

38.6

 
24.7

21.4

46.1

Electronics/Computers/Communications
 
0.3

32.9

33.2

 
—

34.1

34.1

Other
 
12.8

37.3

50.1

 
21.0

21.5

42.5

Total
 
$
420.3

$
535.2

$
955.5

 
$
496.6

$
508.2

$
1,004.8

*Includes the oil & gas, hydrocarbon and chemical processing, and electrical energy markets.
(in millions)
 
First quarter ended
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
March 31, 2019
 
 
HPMC
AA&S
Total
 
HPMC
AA&S
Total
Primary Geographical Market:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States
 
$
227.3

$
378.8

$
606.1

 
$
269.0

$
352.1

$
621.1

Europe
 
133.5

37.6

171.1

 
158.6

52.4

211.0

Asia
 
25.1

94.2

119.3

 
42.7

80.5

123.2

Canada
 
11.6

10.4

22.0

 
11.4

15.0

26.4

South America, Middle East and other
 
22.8

14.2

37.0

 
14.9

8.2

23.1

Total
 
$
420.3

$
535.2

$
955.5

 
$
496.6

$
508.2

$
1,004.8

Comparative information of the Company’s major high-value and standard products based on their percentages of sales is included in the following table. Hot-Rolling and Processing Facility (HRPF) conversion service sales in the AA&S segment are excluded from this presentation.
 
 
First quarter ended
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
March 31, 2019
 
 
HPMC
AA&S
Total
 
HPMC
AA&S
Total
Diversified Products and Services:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
High-Value Products
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Nickel-based alloys and specialty alloys
 
40
%
25
%
32
%
 
37
%
23
%
30
%
     Titanium and titanium-based alloys
 
25
%
11
%
17
%
 
25
%
12
%
19
%
     Precision forgings, castings and components
 
35
%
—
%
16
%
 
38
%
—
%
19
%
     Precision rolled strip products
 
—
%
21
%
12
%
 
—
%
23
%
11
%
     Zirconium and related alloys
 
—
%
13
%
7
%
 
—
%
12
%
6
%
Total High-Value Products
 
100
%
70
%
84
%
 
100
%
70
%
85
%
Standard Products
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Standard stainless products
 
—
%
30
%
16
%
 
—
%
30
%
15
%
Total
 
100
%
100
%
100
%
 
100
%
100
%
100
%

The Company maintains a backlog of confirmed orders totaling $2.12 billion and $2.59 billion at March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Due to the structure of the Company’s long-term agreements, approximately 80% of this backlog at March 31, 2020 represented booked orders with performance obligations that will be satisfied within the next 12 months. The backlog does not reflect any elements of variable consideration.
Contract balances
As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, accounts receivable with customers were $597.8 million and $558.7 million, respectively. The following represents the rollforward of accounts receivable - reserve for doubtful accounts and contract assets and liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:
(in millions)
 
 
Accounts Receivable - Reserve for Doubtful Accounts
March 31,
2020
March 31,
2019
Balance as of beginning of fiscal year
$
4.6

$
6.0

Expense to increase the reserve
0.1

0.1

Write-off of uncollectible accounts
(0.3
)
(0.4
)
Balance as of period end
$
4.4

$
5.7

(in millions)
 
 
Contract Assets
 
 
Short-term
March 31,
2020
March 31,
2019
Balance as of beginning of fiscal year
$
38.5

$
51.2

Recognized in current year
25.1

23.9

Reclassified to accounts receivable
(20.2
)
(26.4
)
Impairment
—

—

Reclassification to/from long-term
0.1

—

Balance as of period end
$
43.5

$
48.7

 
 
 
Long-term
March 31,
2020
March 31,
2019
Balance as of beginning of fiscal year
$
0.1

$
0.1

Recognized in current year
—

—

Reclassified to accounts receivable
—

—

Impairment
—

—

Reclassification to/from short-term
(0.1
)
—

Balance as of period end
$
—

$
0.1

(in millions)
 
Contract Liabilities
 
 
Short-term
March 31,
2020
March 31,
2019
Balance as of beginning of fiscal year
$
78.7

$
71.4

Recognized in current year
71.7

38.6

Amounts in beginning balance reclassified to revenue
(22.1
)
(29.3
)
Current year amounts reclassified to revenue
(17.1
)
(2.8
)
Other
(0.3
)
—

Reclassification to/from long-term
3.4

—

Balance as of period end
$
114.3

$
77.9

 
 
 
Long-term
March 31,
2020
March 31,
2019
Balance as of beginning of fiscal year
$
25.9

$
7.3

Recognized in current year
7.4

0.3

Amounts in beginning balance reclassified to revenue
(0.2
)
(0.3
)
Current year amounts reclassified to revenue
—

—

Other
—

—

Reclassification to/from short-term
(3.4
)
—

Balance as of period end
$
29.7

$
7.3


Contract costs for obtaining and fulfilling a contract were $6.3 million and $6.5 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and are reported in other long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Contract cost amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was $0.3 million.