We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate, based on estimated future cash flows, that the carrying amount of these assets may not be fully recoverable. In certain cases, the determination of fair value is highly sensitive to differences between estimated and actual cash flows and changes in the related discount rate used to determine the fair value of the assets under evaluation. As of September 30, 2011, management was not aware of any impairment indicators associated with long-lived assets. Unexpected changes in cash flows could result in impairment charges in the future.

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair value based test. The impairment loss is the amount, if any, by which the implied fair value of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than the carrying or book value. As of January 1, 2011 and 2010, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test and determined there was no impairment. The Company believes that, as of September 30, 2011, no indicators of impairment were present which would warrant an interim impairment test. We have five operating segments: (1) Maritime, (2) Land-Based Spas, (3) Product and Distribution ("Products"), (4) Training, and (5) Schools. The Maritime, Land-Based Spas, Products and Schools operating segments have associated goodwill and each of them has been determined to be a reporting unit.

We file a consolidated tax return for our U.S. subsidiaries, other than those domiciled in U.S. territories, which file specific returns. In addition, our foreign subsidiaries file income tax returns in their respective countries of incorporation, where required. We utilize the liability method and deferred income taxes are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities given the provisions of enacted tax laws. Deferred income tax provisions and benefits are based on the changes to the asset or liability from period to period. A valuation allowance is provided on deferred tax assets if it is determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The majority of our income is generated outside of the United States. We believe a large percentage of our shipboard services income is foreign-source income, not effectively connected to a business we conduct in the United States and, therefore, not subject to United States income taxation.

For currency exchange rate purposes, assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are translated at the rate of exchange in effect at the balance sheet date. Equity and other items are translated at historical rates and income and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. The related translation adjustments are reflected in the Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss caption of our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from transactions, including intercompany transactions, are included in the results of operations. The transaction gains (losses) included in the Administrative expenses caption of our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income were approximately ($1.5 million) and $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and approximately ($0.3 million) and ($0.9 million) for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The transaction gains (losses) in the Cost of Products caption of our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income were approximately $0.2 million and ($1.5 million) for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and approximately ($0.3 million) and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares. The calculation of diluted earnings per share is similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator includes dilutive common share equivalents such as share options and restricted shares. Reconciliation between basic and diluted earnings per share is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

The Company issued 1,000 and 4,000 of its common shares upon the exercise of share options during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and issued 99,000 and 76,000 of its common shares upon exercise of share options during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

The Company granted approximately 15,000 and 10,000 restricted share units during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and approximately 24,000 and 32,000 restricted share units during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. No other stock-based compensation was granted during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Substantially all of our advertising costs are charged to expense as incurred, except costs which result in tangible assets, such as brochures, which are recorded as prepaid expenses and charged to expense as consumed. Advertising costs were approximately $4.9 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Of these amounts, $3.0 million and $2.5 million are included in cost of revenues in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Advertising costs were approximately $14.1 million and $12.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which $8.7 million and $7.4 million are included in cost of revenues in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, advertising costs included in prepaid expenses were not material.

In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-08, "Testing Goodwill for impairment" ("ASU 2011-08"). This new guidance allows, but does not require, an initial assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount for the purpose of determining if detailed quantitative goodwill impairment testing is necessary. The amendments in this ASU are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. If an entity determines, on the basis of qualitative factors, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is below the carrying amount, the two-step impairment test would be required. Early adoption is permitted. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows or related disclosures.

In June 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2011-05”). This new guidance requires entities to report components of comprehensive income in either a continuous statement of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) or two separate but consecutive statements. The ASU does not change the items that must be reported in OCI and does not require any incremental disclosures. The amendments in this ASU are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and must be applied retrospectively for all periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. While the guidance will impact the presentation within our financial statements, we do not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows or related disclosures.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).” ASU 2011-04 provides a definition of fair value to ensure that the fair value measurement and disclosure requirements are similar between U.S. GAAP and IFRS and provides clarification about the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements. The ASU also expands certain other disclosure requirements, particularly pertaining to Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this ASU are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and will be applied prospectively. Early application is not permitted. We are currently assessing the future impact, if any, of this ASU to our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-02, “A Creditor’s Determination of Whether Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring,” (“ASU 2011-02”). ASU 2011-02 provides additional guidance to creditors for evaluating whether a modification or restructuring of a receivable is a troubled debt restructuring. Specifically, creditors will be required to consider whether the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties or whether the creditor has granted a concession. This guidance was effective for us for the first interim period beginning on or after June 15, 2011. We were required to apply this ASU retrospectively for all modifications and restructuring activities that have occurred from January 1, 2011. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows or related disclosures.

In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, “Disclosure of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations” (“ASU 2010-29”). ASU 2010-29 requires public entities that present comparative financial statements to disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination(s) that occurred during the year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. ASU 2010-29 also expands the supplemental pro forma disclosures under Topic 805 to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. This ASU is effective prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2011. The adoption of ASU 2010-29 as of January 1, 2011 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows or related disclosures.

We recognize revenues earned as services are provided and as products are sold or shipped, as the case may be. Revenue from gift certificate sales is recognized upon gift certificate redemption and upon recognition of breakage. We do not charge administrative fees on unused gift cards, and our gift cards do not have an expiration date. Based on historical redemption rates, a relatively stable percentage of gift certificates will never be redeemed, referred to as "breakage." We use the redemption recognition method for recognizing breakage related to certain gift certificates for which we have sufficient historical information. Under the redemption recognition method, revenue is recorded in proportion to, and over, the time period gift cards are actually redeemed. Breakage is recognized only if we determine that we do not have a legal obligation to remit the value of unredeemed gift certificates to government agencies under the unclaimed property laws in the relevant jurisdictions. We determine our gift certificate breakage rate based upon historical redemption patterns. At least three years of historical data, which is updated annually, is used to determine actual redemption patterns. Gift certificate breakage income is included in Services Revenue in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 and is not material.

Tuition revenue and revenue related to certain nonrefundable fees and charges at our massage and beauty schools are recognized monthly on a straight-line basis over the term of the course of study. At the time a student begins attending a school, a liability (unearned tuition) is recorded for all academic services to be provided and a tuition receivable is recorded for the portion of the tuition not paid up front in cash. Revenue related to sales of program materials, books and supplies are, generally, recognized when the program materials, books and supplies are delivered. We include the revenue related to sales of program materials, books and supplies in the Services Revenue financial statement caption in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. If a student withdraws from one of our schools prior to the completion of the academic term, we refund the portion of the tuition already paid that, pursuant to our refund policy and applicable federal and state law and accrediting agency standards, we are not entitled to retain.

Our land-based spas, generally, are required to pay rent based on a percentage of our revenues. In addition, for certain of our land-based spas, we are required to pay a minimum rental amount regardless of whether such amount would be required to be paid under the percentage rent agreement. Rent escalations are recorded on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease agreements. We record contingent rent at the time it becomes probable that it will exceed the minimum rent obligation per the lease agreements. Previously recognized rental expense is reversed into income at such time that it is not probable that the specified target will be met.

Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts receivable - students and accounts payable are reflected in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements at cost, which approximated fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments. The fair values of the term and revolving loans were determined using applicable interest rates as of December 31, 2010 and approximate the carrying value of such debt because the underlying instruments were at variable rates that are repriced frequently.