Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Cost of sales	$	190	$	193	$	549	$	609
Fulfillment	727		732		1,988		2,267
Technology and infrastructure	3,036		3,284		7,495		9,901
Sales and marketing	1,128		1,111		2,783		3,407
General and administrative	475		509		1,200		1,520
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	5,556	$	5,829	$	14,015	$	17,704

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

The following table summarizes our restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 (in millions):

	Number of Units	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022	384.4	$	144
Units granted	210.9	105
Units vested	(87.4)	141
Units forfeited	(45.8)	137
Outstanding as of September 30, 2023	462.1	128

Scheduled Vesting for Outstanding Restricted Stock Units

Scheduled vesting for outstanding restricted stock units as of September 30, 2023, is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended December 31,	Year Ended December 31,
	2023	2024	2025	2026	2027	Thereafter	Total
Scheduled vesting — restricted stock units	52.7	221.2	127.0	48.4	9.7	3.1	462.1

Changes in Stockholders' Equity

The following table shows changes in stockholders’ equity (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Total beginning stockholders’ equity	$	131,402	$	168,602	$	138,245	$	146,043
Beginning common stock	107		108		106		108
Stock-based compensation and issuance of employee benefit plan stock	—		—		1		—
Ending common stock	107		108		107		108
Beginning treasury stock	(7,837)		(7,837)		(1,837)		(7,837)
Common stock repurchased	—		—		(6,000)		—
Ending treasury stock	(7,837)		(7,837)		(7,837)		(7,837)
Beginning additional paid-in capital	63,871		86,896		55,437		75,066
Stock-based compensation and issuance of employee benefit plan stock	5,548		5,815		13,982		17,645
Ending additional paid-in capital	69,419		92,711		69,419		92,711
Beginning accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,782)		(3,680)		(1,376)		(4,487)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(2,333)		(1,323)		(5,739)		(516)
Ending accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(7,115)		(5,003)		(7,115)		(5,003)
Beginning retained earnings	80,043		93,115		85,915		83,193
Net income (loss)	2,872		9,879		(3,000)		19,801
Ending retained earnings	82,915		102,994		82,915		102,994
Total ending stockholders’ equity	$	137,489	$	182,973	$	137,489	$	182,973