Acquisitions, Goodwill, and Acquired Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Summary of Goodwill Activity

The following summarizes our goodwill activity in 2020 and 2021 by segment (in millions):

	North America		International		AWS		Consolidated
Goodwill - January 1, 2020	$	12,264	$	1,300	$	1,190	$	14,754
New acquisitions	204		6		2		212
Other adjustments (1)	59		(18)		10		51
Goodwill - December 31, 2020	12,527		1,288		1,202		15,017
New acquisitions	230		60		76		366
Other adjustments (1)	1		(21)		8		(12)
Goodwill - December 31, 2021	$	12,758	$	1,327	$	1,286	$	15,371

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(1)Primarily includes changes in foreign exchange rates.

Schedule of Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class

Acquired identifiable intangible assets are valued primarily by using discounted cash flows. These assets are included within “Other assets” on our consolidated balance sheets and consist of the following (in millions):

	December 31,
	2020						2021
	Acquired Intangibles, Gross (1)		Accumulated Amortization (1)		Acquired Intangibles, Net		Acquired Intangibles, Gross (1)		Accumulated Amortization (1)		Acquired Intangibles, Net		Weighted Average Life Remaining
Finite-lived intangible assets (2):
Marketing-related	$	2,289	$	(445)	$	1,844	$	2,286	$	(548)	$	1,738	19.3
Contract-based	1,917		(418)		1,499		2,327		(565)		1,762		8.9
Technology- and content-based	948		(555)		393		976		(610)		366		3.1
Customer-related	179		(77)		102		197		(103)		94		2.9
Total finite-lived intangible assets	$	5,333	$	(1,495)	$	3,838	$	5,786	$	(1,826)	$	3,960	12.8
IPR&D and other (3)	$	1,143			$	1,143	$	1,147			$	1,147
Total acquired intangibles	$	6,476	$	(1,495)	$	4,981	$	6,933	$	(1,826)	$	5,107

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(1)Excludes the original cost and accumulated amortization of fully-amortized intangibles.

(2)Finite-lived intangible assets have estimated useful lives of between one and twenty-five years, and are being amortized to operating expenses on a straight-line basis.

(3)Intangible assets acquired in a business combination that are in-process and used in research and development activities are considered indefinite-lived until the completion or abandonment of the research and development efforts. Once the research and development efforts are completed, we determine the useful life and begin amortizing the assets.

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense

Expected future amortization expense of acquired finite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2021 is as follows (in millions):

Year Ended December 31,
2022	$	528
2023	452
2024	378
2025	318
2026	290
Thereafter	1,994
	$	3,960