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Financial Instruments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Summary of Fair Value by Major Security Type

The following table summarizes, by major security type, our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in millions):


	December 31, 2019
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Total Estimated Fair Value
Cash	$	9,776	$	—	$	—	$	9,776
Level 1 securities:
Money market funds	18,850		—		—		18,850
Equity securities							202
Level 2 securities:
Foreign government and agency securities	4,794		—		—		4,794
U.S. government and agency securities	7,070		11		(1)		7,080
Corporate debt securities	11,845		37		(1)		11,881
Asset-backed securities	2,355		6		(1)		2,360
Other fixed income securities	393		1		—		394
Equity securities							5
	$	55,083	$	55	$	(3)	$	55,342
Less: Restricted cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities (2)							(321)
Total cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities							$	55,021


	December 31, 2020
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Total Estimated Fair Value
Cash	$	10,063	$	—	$	—	$	10,063
Level 1 securities:
Money market funds	27,430		—		—		27,430
Equity securities (1)							617
Level 2 securities:
Foreign government and agency securities	5,130		1		—		5,131
U.S. government and agency securities	7,410		30		(1)		7,439
Corporate debt securities	29,684		305		(1)		29,988
Asset-backed securities	3,206		32		(3)		3,235
Other fixed income securities	701		9		—		710
Equity securities (1)							40
	$	83,624	$	377	$	(5)	$	84,653
Less: Restricted cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities (2)							(257)
Total cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities							$	84,396

___________________

(1)The related unrealized gain (loss) recorded in “Other income (expense), net” was $448 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

(2)We are required to pledge or otherwise restrict a portion of our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as collateral for real estate leases, amounts due to third-party sellers in certain jurisdictions, debt, and standby and trade letters of credit. We classify cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities with use restrictions of less than twelve months as “Accounts receivable, net and other” and of twelve months or longer as non-current “Other assets” on our consolidated balance sheets. See “Note 7 — Commitments and Contingencies.”

Summary of Gross Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments

The following table summarizes gross gains and gross losses realized on sales of available-for-sale fixed income marketable securities (in millions):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2019		2020
Realized gains	$	2	$	11	$	92
Realized losses	9		7		56

Summary of Contractual Maturities of Investments

The following table summarizes the remaining contractual maturities of our cash equivalents and marketable fixed income securities as of December 31, 2020 (in millions):


	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due within one year	$	52,838	$	52,850
Due after one year through five years	17,222		17,546
Due after five years through ten years	857		863
Due after ten years	2,644		2,674
Total	$	73,561	$	73,933

Actual maturities may differ from the contractual maturities because borrowers may have certain prepayment conditions.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow Reconciliation - Cash and Cash Equivalents

The following table provides a reconciliation of the amount of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the total of the same such amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in millions):


	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	36,092	$	42,122
Restricted cash included in accounts receivable, net and other	276		233
Restricted cash included in other assets	42		22
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows	$	36,410	$	42,377

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow Reconciliation - Restricted Cash


	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	36,092	$	42,122
Restricted cash included in accounts receivable, net and other	276		233
Restricted cash included in other assets	42		22
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows	$	36,410	$	42,377