N-CSRS 1 d870522dncsrs.htm AB INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS, INC. AB Institutional Funds, Inc.

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM N-CSR

 

 

CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED

MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES

Investment Company Act file number: 811-08403

 

 

AB INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

 

 

1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

 

 

Joseph J. Mantineo

AllianceBernstein L.P.

1345 Avenue of the Americas

New York, New York 10105

(Name and address of agent for service)

 

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (800) 221-5672

Date of fiscal year end: October 31, 2019

Date of reporting period: April 30, 2019

 

 

 


ITEM 1. REPORTS TO STOCKHOLDERS.


 

AB GLOBAL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT FUND II

 

 

SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT

APRIL 30, 2019

 

Beginning January 1, 2021, as permitted by new regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Fund’s annual and semi-annual shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports. Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website address to access the report.

If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. You may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications from the Fund electronically at any time by contacting your financial intermediary (such as a broker-dealer or bank) or, if you are a direct investor, by calling the Fund at 800.221.5672.

You may elect to receive all future reports in paper form free of charge. If you invest through a financial intermediary, you can contact your financial intermediary to request that you continue to receive paper copies of your shareholder reports; if you invest directly with the Fund, you can call the Fund at 800.221.5672. Your election to receive reports in paper form will apply to all funds held in your account with your financial intermediary or, if you invest directly, to all AB Mutual Funds you hold.


 

 

Before investing in the Fund, a prospective investor should consider carefully the Fund’s investment objectives and policies, charges, expenses and risks. These and other matters of importance to prospective investors are contained in the Fund’s prospectus, an additional copy of which may be obtained by visiting our website at www.Bernstein.com and clicking on “Investments”, then “Mutual Fund Information—Prospectuses, SAIs and Shareholder Reports” or by calling your financial advisor or Bernstein’s mutual fund shareholder help line at 212.756.4097. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing.

For performance information current to the most recent month-end, please visit our website at www.Bernstein.com and click on “Investments”, then “Mutual Fund Information—Mutual Fund Performance at a Glance”.

This shareholder report must be preceded or accompanied by the Fund’s prospectus for individuals who are not current shareholders of the Fund.

You may obtain a description of the Fund’s proxy voting policies and procedures, and information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, without charge. Simply visit www.AllianceBernstein.com, or go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov, or call AllianceBernstein at 800.227.4618.

The Fund will file its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the Commission for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. The Fund’s Form N-PORT reports are available on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. The Fund’s Forms N-PORT may also be reviewed and copied at the Commission’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C.; information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling 800.SEC.0330.

 

Investment Products Offered:    ·  Are Not FDIC Insured  ·  May Lose Value  ·  Are Not Bank Guaranteed


Portfolio Manager Commentary (Unaudited)

 

To Our Shareholders—June 17, 2019

On the following pages, you will find the 2019 semi-annual report for AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II1 (the “Fund”). The semi-annual report covers the six- and 12-month periods ended April 30, 2019, and includes financial statements as well as notes to the financial statements, information about the recent performance of the Fund and a listing of the Fund’s holdings as of the period end.

In the six-month period ended April 30, 2019, global equities rallied, helped mostly by strong performance during the first three months of 2019. In the US, growth stocks outperformed value stocks, and large-cap equities outperformed their small-cap peers. Stocks plummeted early in the six-month period amid rising interest rates, US-China trade tensions and global growth concerns. In January, performance reversed as corporate earnings—especially in the US—had a strong start to the season. Furthermore, the US Federal Reserve turned more dovish in its rhetoric, suggesting that rate increases would be kept on hold for the time being. Although growth remained a concern, some positive data points released late in the period, such as better-than-expected first-quarter GDP growth in the eurozone and China, helped quell investor fears.

Fixed-income markets mostly rallied. Global high yield and investment-grade securities performed in line with each other, outpacing the positive returns of developed-market treasuries. Emerging-market debt sectors rallied strongly, while developed-market treasury yield curves either rallied or flattened, with short yields rising while longer maturities fell (bond yields move inversely to price). Although the European Central Bank formally ended its bond-buying program, the bank also turned more dovish in 2019, announcing a new series of targeted longer-term refinancing operations and pushing out any rate hikes until at least 2020. Central banks in Canada and Australia grew more dovish as well, ruling out interest-rate hikes for the remainder of the year, and the Bank of Japan echoed the sentiment by adjusting forward guidance to indicate that interest rates would remain low until at least 2020.

If you have any questions about your investments in the Fund, please contact your Bernstein Advisor by calling 212.756.4097, or visit www.Bernstein.com. As always, we are firmly dedicated to your investment success. Thank you for your continued interest in the Fund.

Sincerely,

AllianceBernstein, L.P., the Management Company of the Fund

 

1   

This performance discussion is intended as a general market commentary.

 

Investment Objective and Policies

The Fund’s investment objective is total return from long-term growth of capital and income. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in the equity securities of real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), and other real estate industry companies, such as real estate operating companies. The Fund invests in real estate companies that AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) believes have strong property fundamentals and management teams. The Fund seeks to invest in real estate companies whose underlying portfolios are diversified geographically and by property type.

The Fund invests in US and non-US issuers. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests significantly (at least 40%–unless market conditions are not deemed favorable by the Adviser) in securities of non-US companies. In addition, the Fund invests, under normal circumstances, in the equity securities of companies located in at least three countries. The Fund’s investment policies emphasize investment in companies determined by the Adviser to be undervalued relative to their peers, using a fundamental value approach. In selecting real estate equity securities, the Adviser’s research and investment process seeks to identify globally those companies where the magnitude and growth of cash flow streams have not been appropriately reflected in the price of the security. These securities may trade at a more attractive valuation than others that may have similar overall fundamentals. The Adviser’s fundamental research efforts are focused on forecasting the short- and long-term normalized cash generation capability of real estate companies by isolating supply and demand for property types in local markets, determining the replacement value of properties, assessing future development opportunities, and normalizing capital structures of real estate companies.

 

(Portfolio Manager Commentary continued on next page)

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     1  


Portfolio Manager Commentary (continued)

 

The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities, which are securities that directly or indirectly represent participations in, or are collateralized by and payable from, mortgage loans secured by real property. These securities include mortgage pass-through certificates, real estate mortgage investment conduit certificates and collateralized mortgage obligations. The Fund may also invest in short-term investment-grade debt securities and other fixed-income securities.

Currencies can have a dramatic impact on equity returns, significantly adding to returns in some years and greatly diminishing them in others. The Adviser evaluates currency and equity positions separately and may seek to hedge the currency exposure resulting from securities positions when it finds the currency exposure unattractive. To hedge a portion of its currency risk, the Fund may from time to time invest in currency-related derivatives, including forward currency exchange contracts, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, swaps and options. The Adviser also may seek investment opportunities by taking long or short positions in currencies through the use of currency-related derivatives.

 

The Fund invests in equity securities that include common stock, shares of beneficial interest of REITs, and securities with common stock characteristics, such as preferred stock or convertible securities (“real estate equity securities”). The Fund may enter into forward commitments and standby commitment agreements. The Fund may enter into other derivatives transactions, such as options, futures contracts, forwards and swaps. The Fund may use options strategies involving the purchase and/or writing of various combinations of call and/or put options, including on individual securities and stock indices, futures contracts (including futures contracts on individual securities and stock indices) or exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). These transactions may be used, for example, to earn extra income, to adjust exposure to individual securities or markets, or to protect all or a portion of the Fund’s portfolio from a decline in value, sometimes within certain ranges.

The Fund may, at times, invest in ETFs in lieu of making direct investments in equity securities. ETFs may provide more efficient and economical exposure to the type of companies and geographic locations in which the Fund seeks to invest than direct investments.

 

   
2   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


Disclosures and Risks (Unaudited)

 

Benchmark Disclosure

All indices are unmanaged and do not reflect fees and expenses associated with the active management of a mutual fund portfolio. The Financial Times Stock Exchange European Public Real Estate Association/National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“FTSE® EPRA/NAREIT”) Developed Real Estate (“RE”) Index and the FTSE NAREIT Equity REIT Index are market-value weighted indices based upon the last closing price of the month for tax-qualified REITs listed on the NYSE, AMEX and the NASDAQ. The Morgan Stanley Capital International (“MSCI”) World Index (net, free float-adjusted, market capitalization weighted) represents the equity market performance of developed markets. The Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 500® Index includes 500 US stocks and is a common representation of the performance of the overall US stock market. MSCI makes no express or implied warranties or representations, and shall have no liability whatsoever with respect to any MSCI data contained herein. The MSCI data may not be further redistributed or used as a basis for other indices, any securities or financial products. This report is not approved, reviewed or produced by MSCI. Net returns include the reinvestment of dividends after deduction of non-US withholding tax; gross returns include reinvestment of dividends prior to such deduction. An investor cannot invest directly in an index, and its results are not indicative of the performance for any specific investment, including the Fund.

A Word About Risk

Market Risk: The value of the Fund’s assets will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The value of its investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic changes or other events that affect large portions of the market.

Interest-Rate Risk: Changes in interest rates will affect the value of investments in fixed-income securities. When interest rates rise, the value of investments in fixed-income securities tends to fall, and this decrease in value may not be offset by higher income from new investments. Interest-rate risk is generally greater for fixed-income securities with longer maturities or durations.

Credit Risk: An issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, or the counterparty to a derivatives or other contract, may be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest or principal, or to otherwise honor its obligations. The issuer or guarantor may default, causing a loss of the full principal amount of a security and accrued interest. The degree of risk for a particular security may be reflected in its credit rating. There is the possibility that the credit rating of a fixed-income security may be downgraded after purchase, which may adversely affect the value of the security. Investments in fixed-income securities with lower ratings tend to have a higher probability that an issuer will default or fail to meet its payment obligations.

Real Estate Risk: The Fund’s investments in real estate securities have many of the same risks as direct ownership of real estate, including the risk that the value of real estate could decline due to a variety of factors affecting the real estate market generally. Investments in REITs may have additional risks. REITs are dependent on the capability of their managers, may have limited diversification, and could be significantly affected by changes in taxes.

Foreign (Non-US) Risk: Investment in securities of non-US issuers may involve more risk than those of US issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade or dispose of due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.

Currency Risk: Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.

Mortgage-Related and/or Other Asset-Backed Securities Risk: Investments in mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities are subject to certain additional risks. The value of these securities may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates. These risks include “extension risk”, which is the risk that, in periods of rising interest rates, issuers may delay the payment of principal, and “prepayment risk”, which is the risk that in periods of falling interest rates, issuers may pay principal sooner than expected, exposing the Fund to a lower rate of return upon reinvestment of principal. Mortgage-backed securities offered by non-governmental issuers and other asset-backed securities may be subject to other risks, such as higher rates of default in the mortgages or assets backing the securities or risks associated with the nature and servicing of mortgages or assets backing the securities.

Derivatives Risk: Derivatives may be difficult to price or unwind and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund. Derivatives may also be subject to counterparty risk to a greater degree than more traditional investments.

 

(Disclosures & Risks continued on next page)

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     3  


Disclosures and Risks (continued)

 

Leverage Risk: When the Fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its portfolio, it may be more volatile because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s investments. The Fund may create leverage through the use of reverse repurchase agreements or forward commitments, or by borrowing money.

Management Risk: The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the desired results.

These risks are discussed in further detail in the Fund’s prospectus. As with all investments, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.

An Important Note About Historical Performance

All fees and expenses related to the operation of the Fund have been deducted. Performance assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes. There are no sales charges associated with investing in the Fund.

The performance shown in this report represents past performance and does not guarantee future results. Performance information is as of the dates shown. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance information shown. You may obtain performance information current to the most recent month-end by visiting www.Bernstein.com or by calling 212.756.4097. The investment return and principal value of an investment in the Fund will fluctuate, so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.

Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit www.Bernstein.com, click on “Investments”, then “Mutual Fund Information—Prospectuses, SAIs and Shareholder Reports”, or call Bernstein’s mutual fund shareholder help line at 212.756.4097 or contact your Bernstein Advisor. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.

 

   
4   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


Historical Performance (Unaudited)

 

The Fund vs. Its Benchmarks

 

     TOTAL RETURNS     AVERAGE ANNUAL
TOTAL  RETURNS
 
THROUGH APRIL 30, 2019    PAST SIX
MONTHS
    PAST 12
MONTHS
    PAST
FIVE YEARS
    PAST
10 YEARS
 

AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II Class I1

     11.63     11.08     7.10     12.81

Primary Benchmark: FTSE EPRA/NAREIT Developed RE Index (net)

     10.75     9.62     5.51     11.74

FTSE EPRA/NAREIT Developed RE Index (gross)

     11.29     10.63     6.44     12.62

MSCI World Index (net)

     8.83     6.48     7.31     11.58

S&P 500 Index

     9.76     13.49     11.63     15.32

FTSE NAREIT Equity REIT Index

     13.21     19.56     9.30     15.61

 

1   

There are no sales charges associated with an investment in the Fund. Total returns and average annual returns are therefore the same. Includes the impact of proceeds received and credited to the Fund resulting from class-action settlements, which enhanced the performance of all share classes of the Fund for the six- and 12-month periods ended April 30, 2019, by 0.03% and 0.03%, respectively.

The Fund’s current prospectus fee table shows the Fund’s total annual operating expense ratio as 0.70% for Class I shares. The Financial Highlights section of this report sets forth expense ratio data for the current reporting period; the expense ratio shown above may differ from the expense ratio in the Financial Highlights section since they are based on different time periods.

Growth of a $2,000,000 Investment in the Fund

 

LOGO

The chart illustrates the total value of an assumed $2,000,000 investment as compared to the performance of the Fund’s primary benchmark, the FTSE EPRA/NAREIT Developed RE Index (net), and the overall global stock market as represented by the MSCI World Index (net), for the 10-year period ended April 30, 2019. The chart assumes the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions.

See Disclosures, Risks and Note about Historical Performance on pages 3–4.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     5  


Expense Example (Unaudited)

 

As a shareholder of the Fund, you incur two types of costs: (1) transaction costs, including sales charges (loads) on purchase payments, contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions and (2) ongoing costs, including management fees; distribution (12b-1) fees; and other Fund expenses. This example is intended to help you understand your ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in the Fund and to compare these costs with the ongoing costs of investing in other mutual funds.

The Example is based on an investment of $1,000 invested at the beginning of the period and held for the entire period as indicated below.

Actual ExpensesThe first line of the table below provides information about actual account values and actual expenses. You may use the information in this line, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period. Simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number in the first line under the heading entitled “Expenses Paid During Period” to estimate the expenses you paid on your account during this period.

Hypothetical Example for Comparison PurposesThe second line of the table below provides information about hypothetical account values and hypothetical expenses based on the Fund’s actual expense ratio and an assumed annual rate of return of 5% before expenses, which is not the Fund’s actual return. The hypothetical account values and expenses may not be used to estimate the actual ending account balance or expenses you paid for the period. You may use this information to compare the ongoing costs of investing in the Fund and other funds by comparing this 5% hypothetical example with the 5% hypothetical examples that appear in the shareholder reports of other funds.

Please note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight your ongoing costs only and do not reflect any transactional costs, such as sales charges (loads), or contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions. Therefore, the second line of the table is useful in comparing ongoing costs only, and will not help you determine the relative total costs of owning different funds. In addition, if these transactional costs were included, your costs would have been higher.

 

      BEGINNING
ACCOUNT VALUE
NOVEMBER  1, 2018
     ENDING
ACCOUNT VALUE
APRIL 30, 2019
     EXPENSES
PAID DURING
PERIOD*
     ANNUALIZED
EXPENSE
RATIO*
 

Actual

   $ 1,000      $ 1,116.30      $ 3.73        0.71

Hypothetical**

   $ 1,000      $ 1,021.27      $ 3.56        0.71

 

*   Expenses are equal to the classes’ annualized expense ratios, multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by 181/365 (to reflect the one-half year period).
**   Assumes 5% annual return before expenses.

 

   
6   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


Portfolio Summary—April 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

Portfolio Statistics

Net Assets ($mil): $323.0

 

Industry Breakdown1    
LOGO    

 

Country Breakdown1    
LOGO    

 

1   All data are as of April 30, 2019. The Fund’s industry and country breakdowns are expressed as a percentage of total investments and may vary over time. The Fund also enters into derivative transactions, which may be used for hedging or investment purposes (see “Portfolio of Investments” section of the report for additional details). “Other” country weightings represent 0.5% or less in the following countries: China, India, Israel, Mexico and Norway.

 

     Please note: The industry classifications presented herein are based on industry categorization methodology of the Adviser. These industry classifications are broadly defined. The “Portfolio of Investments” section of the report reflects more specific sector information and is consistent with the investment restrictions discussed in the Fund’s prospectus.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     7  


Portfolio Summary—April 30, 2019 (Unaudited) (continued)

 

Ten Largest Holdings1

 

COMPANY    U.S. $ VALUE      PERCENT OF
NET ASSETS
 

Prologis, Inc.

   $ 12,961,064        4.0

Mitsui Fudosan Co., Ltd.

     8,949,767        2.8  

Vonovia SE

     8,323,234        2.6  

Simon Property Group, Inc.

     7,495,155        2.3  

Sun Hung Kai Properties Ltd.

     7,196,727        2.2  

Digital Realty Trust, Inc.

     7,169,716        2.2  

Essex Property Trust, Inc.

     6,551,175        2.0  

CK Asset Holdings Ltd.

     6,508,816        2.0  

HCP, Inc.

     6,312,169        2.0  

Alexandria Real Estate Equities, Inc.

     6,178,302        1.9  
     $ 77,646,125        24.0

 

1   Long-term investments.

 

   
8   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


Portfolio of Investments

 

Portfolio of Investments

AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II

April 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

Company   Shares     U.S. $ Value  
COMMON STOCKS–98.4%

 

Real Estate–94.5%

 

Diversified Real Estate Activities–8.6%

 

City Developments Ltd.

    373,400     $ 2,457,784  

Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd.

    190,900       3,228,108  

Mitsui Fudosan Co., Ltd.

    386,400       8,949,767  

New World Development Co., Ltd.

    1,686,000       2,793,214  

Sumitomo Realty & Development Co., Ltd.

    43,300       1,600,804  

Sun Hung Kai Properties Ltd.

    417,000       7,196,727  

UOL Group Ltd.

    307,400       1,715,678  
   

 

 

 
      27,942,082  
   

 

 

 
Diversified REITs–7.5%

 

Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

    204,863       3,308,538  

Empire State Realty Trust, Inc.–Class A

    171,640       2,653,554  

Essential Properties Realty Trust, Inc.

    171,480       3,546,206  

Fibra Uno Administracion SA de CV

    579,830       859,449  

GPT Group (The)

    1,093,150       4,421,852  

H&R Real Estate Investment Trust

    122,620       2,095,075  

Hulic Reit, Inc.

    992       1,625,783  

Kenedix Office Investment Corp.–Class A

    125       836,252  

Merlin Properties Socimi SA

    161,502       2,202,962  

Mirvac Group

    1,279,990       2,562,398  
   

 

 

 
      24,112,069  
   

 

 

 
Health Care REITs–5.4%

 

HCP, Inc.

    211,960       6,312,169  

Medical Properties Trust, Inc.

    260,680       4,551,473  

Omega Healthcare Investors, Inc.

    137,650       4,871,433  

Physicians Realty Trust

    90,020       1,625,761  
   

 

 

 
      17,360,836  
   

 

 

 
Hotel & Resort REITs–3.9%

 

Japan Hotel REIT Investment Corp.

    4,911       3,997,005  

Park Hotels & Resorts, Inc.

    142,370       4,567,230  

RLJ Lodging Trust

    217,850       4,010,618  
   

 

 

 
      12,574,853  
   

 

 

 
Industrial REITs–9.0%

 

Goodman Group

    271,490       2,526,374  

Nippon Prologis REIT, Inc.

    1,049       2,252,701  

Prologis, Inc.

    169,050       12,961,064  

Rexford Industrial Realty, Inc.

    62,380       2,363,578  

Segro PLC

    364,494       3,229,628  

STAG Industrial, Inc.

    129,520       3,727,586  

Tritax Big Box REIT PLC

    977,660       1,896,301  
   

 

 

 
      28,957,232  
   

 

 

 
Office REITs–11.2%

 

Alexandria Real Estate Equities, Inc.

    43,390       6,178,302  

Boston Properties, Inc.

    41,250       5,676,825  

Brandywine Realty Trust

    123,240       1,896,664  

CapitaLand Commercial Trust

    1,912,100       2,731,809  
     
Company   Shares     U.S. $ Value  

City Office REIT, Inc.

    104,430     $ 1,211,388  

Cousins Properties, Inc.

    306,520       2,933,396  

Daiwa Office Investment Corp.

    216       1,457,805  

Great Portland Estates PLC

    173,340       1,708,257  

Ichigo Office REIT Investment

    1,690       1,556,569  

Inmobiliaria Colonial Socimi SA

    173,730       1,871,822  

Japan Real Estate Investment Corp.

    291       1,613,059  

Kilroy Realty Corp.

    41,600       3,199,456  

Nippon Building Fund, Inc.

    397       2,556,444  

Orix JREIT, Inc.

    1,008       1,769,755  
   

 

 

 
      36,361,551  
   

 

 

 
Real Estate Development–3.1%

 

CIFI Holdings Group Co., Ltd.

    1,882,000       1,250,598  

CK Asset Holdings Ltd.

    809,500       6,508,816  

Instone Real Estate Group AG(a)(b)

    93,410       2,278,720  
   

 

 

 
      10,038,134  
   

 

 

 
Real Estate Operating Companies–10.7%

 

ADO Properties SA(a)

    24,950       1,309,648  

Aroundtown SA

    335,570       2,726,347  

Azrieli Group Ltd.

    29,100       1,657,906  

CA Immobilien Anlagen AG

    78,850       2,763,694  

Castellum AB

    86,390       1,553,244  

Deutsche Wohnen SE

    21,200       954,964  

Entra ASA(a)

    106,009       1,538,672  

Fabege AB

    166,960       2,319,021  

Hemfosa Fastigheter AB

    185,630       1,536,159  

Swire Properties Ltd.

    731,400       2,976,294  

TLG Immobilien AG

    85,550       2,518,764  

Vonovia SE

    166,543       8,323,234  

Wharf Real Estate Investment Co., Ltd.

    576,000       4,414,627  
   

 

 

 
      34,592,574  
   

 

 

 
Real Estate Services–1.8%

 

Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield

    34,100       5,861,288  
   

 

 

 
Residential REITs–14.3%

 

American Campus Communities, Inc.

    64,130       3,026,936  

American Homes 4 Rent–Class A

    175,470       4,207,771  

Apartment Investment & Management Co.–Class A

    93,111       4,595,959  

Camden Property Trust

    54,830       5,518,639  

Essex Property Trust, Inc.

    23,190       6,551,175  

Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

    310,450       3,287,666  

Killam Apartment Real Estate Investment Trust

    132,080       1,866,294  

Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc.

    53,620       5,866,564  

Nippon Accommodations Fund, Inc.

    381       1,946,870  

Northview Apartment Real Estate Investment Trust

    75,400       1,586,006  

Sun Communities, Inc.

    45,938       5,654,049  

UNITE Group PLC (The)

    160,770       1,976,011  
   

 

 

 
      46,083,940  
   

 

 

 
Retail REITs–12.1%

 

Agree Realty Corp.

    41,050       2,687,543  

British Land Co. PLC (The)

    258,690       2,007,091  

Brixmor Property Group, Inc.

    275,370       4,923,616  

Hammerson PLC

    365,370       1,537,243  

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     9  


Portfolio of Investments (continued)

 

     
Company   Shares     U.S. $ Value  

Japan Retail Fund Investment Corp.

    414     $ 791,083  

Link REIT

    328,360       3,836,544  

National Retail Properties, Inc.

    80,530       4,237,489  

Regency Centers Corp.

    79,260       5,323,894  

Retail Properties of America, Inc.–Class A

    254,500       3,127,805  

Simon Property Group, Inc.

    43,150       7,495,155  

SITE Centers Corp.

    158,790       2,102,380  

Vicinity Centres

    621,980       1,115,418  
   

 

 

 
      39,185,261  
   

 

 

 
Specialized REITs–6.9%

 

CubeSmart

    136,930       4,369,436  

Digital Realty Trust, Inc.

    60,910       7,169,716  

EPR Properties

    32,600       2,570,836  

MGM Growth Properties LLC–Class A

    102,530       3,307,618  

National Storage Affiliates Trust

    125,620       3,675,641  

Safestore Holdings PLC

    142,260       1,194,666  
   

 

 

 
      22,287,913  
   

 

 

 
      305,357,733  
   

 

 

 
   
 
Transportation–1.0%

 

Highways & Railtracks–1.0%

 

Transurban Group

    354,903       3,360,730  
   

 

 

 
   
 
Banks–0.9%

 

Diversified Banks–0.5%

 

Banco Comercial Portugues SA(b)

    5,950,410       1,670,238  
   

 

 

 
Thrifts & Mortgage Finance–0.4%

 

LIC Housing Finance Ltd.

    166,350       1,187,552  
   

 

 

 
      2,857,790  
   

 

 

 
   
     
Company   Shares     U.S. $ Value  
Health Care Equipment & Services–0.7%

 

       
Health Care Facilities–0.7%

 

Chartwell Retirement Residences

    207,150     $ 2,271,429  
   

 

 

 
   
 
Consumer Services–0.5%

 

Leisure Facilities–0.5%

 

Planet Fitness, Inc.(b)

    22,350       1,691,895  
   

 

 

 
   
 
Consumer Durables & Apparel–0.5%

 

Homebuilding–0.5%

 

Lennar Corp.–Class A

    32,140       1,672,244  
   

 

 

 
   
 
Materials–0.3%

 

Construction Materials–0.3%

 

Grupo Cementos de Chihuahua SAB de CV

    137,620       788,215  
 

 

 

 
Total Common Stocks
(cost $277,700,446)
      318,000,036  
   

 

 

 
   
     
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS–1.8%                
Investment Companies–1.8%    

AB Fixed Income Shares, Inc.–Government Money Market Portfolio–Class AB, 2.37%(c)(d)(e)
(cost $5,777,411)

    5,777,411       5,777,411  
   

 

 

 
Total Investments—100.2%
(cost $283,477,857)

 

    323,777,447  

Other assets less liabilities—(0.2)%

 

    (738,373
   

 

 

 
Net Assets—100.0%

 

  $ 323,039,074  
   

 

 

 

 

 
FORWARD CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONTRACTS (see Note C)

 

Counterparty    Contracts to
Deliver
(000)
     In Exchange
For
(000)
     Settlement
Date
     Unrealized
Appreciation/
(Depreciation)
 

Bank of America, NA

   GBP      547      USD      714        5/15/19      $ 759  

Bank of America, NA

   JPY      89,456      USD      835        5/15/19        31,236  

Bank of America, NA

   MXN      24,711      USD      1,268        5/15/19        (33,247

Bank of America, NA

   USD      830      CAD      1,082        5/15/19        (21,589

Bank of America, NA

   USD      1,105      EUR      982        5/15/19        (2,394

Barclays Bank PLC

   USD      772      EUR      681        5/15/19        (6,938

Citibank, NA

   EUR      1,930      USD      2,209        5/15/19             42,498  

Citibank, NA

   ILS      4,614      USD      1,276        5/15/19        (7,225

Citibank, NA

   USD      1,311      EUR      1,152        5/15/19        (18,061

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

   USD      1,293      MXN      24,711        5/15/19        8,323  

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

   INR      60,303      USD      848        7/16/19        (8,904

HSBC Bank USA

   USD      750      SGD      1,017        5/15/19        (2,461

JPMorgan Chase Bank, NA

   USD      1,281      CHF      1,280        5/15/19        (23,305

JPMorgan Chase Bank, NA

   USD      1,614      GBP      1,246        5/15/19        12,119  

 

   
10   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


Counterparty    Contracts to
Deliver
(000)
     In Exchange
For
(000)
     Settlement
Date
     Unrealized
Appreciation/
(Depreciation)
 

Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.

   GBP      418      USD      547        5/15/19      $ 2,460  

Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.

   JPY      96,051      USD      872        5/15/19        8,758  

Natwest Markets PLC

   USD      1,509      CHF      1,486        5/15/19        (49,027

Natwest Markets PLC

   USD      1,184      EUR      1,035        5/15/19        (21,618

Natwest Markets PLC

   USD      908      JPY      97,392        5/15/19        (33,125

Standard Chartered Bank

   USD      844      JPY      90,500        5/15/19        (31,192

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   AUD      687      USD      482        5/15/19        (2,505

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   CAD      625      USD      473        5/15/19        6,065  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   CHF      838      USD      823        5/15/19        (248

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   EUR      4,744      USD      5,401        5/15/19        74,149  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   GBP      979      USD      1,283        5/15/19        5,691  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   JPY      209,094      USD      1,888        5/15/19        9,417  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   USD      488      AUD      687        5/15/19        (3,050

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   USD      1,202      CAD      1,576        5/15/19        (25,683

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   USD      1,909      EUR      1,690        5/15/19        (10,829

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   USD      571      EUR      512        5/15/19        4,140  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   USD      1,698      GBP      1,275        5/15/19        (34,223

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   EUR      851      USD      963        8/15/19        248  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

   NOK      10,718      USD      1,246        8/15/19        (1,549

UBS AG

   CHF      583      USD      572        5/15/19        (705

UBS AG

   USD      638      GBP      484        5/15/19        (6,256

UBS AG

   JPY      184,218      USD      1,664        8/15/19        (3,306
                 

 

 

 
   $   (141,577
                 

 

 

 

 

 

(a)   Security is exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933. These securities are considered restricted, but liquid and may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers. At April 30, 2019, the aggregate market value of these securities amounted to $5,127,040 or 1.6% of net assets.
(b)   Non-income producing security.
(c)   Affiliated investments.
(d)   The rate shown represents the 7-day yield as of period end.
(e)   To obtain a copy of the fund’s shareholder report, please go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227-4618.

Currency Abbreviations:

AUD—Australian Dollar

CAD—Canadian Dollar

CHF—Swiss Franc

EUR—Euro

GBP—Great British Pound

ILS—Israeli Shekel

INR—Indian Rupee

JPY—Japanese Yen

MXN—Mexican Peso

NOK—Norwegian Krone

SGD—Singapore Dollar

USD—United States Dollar

Glossary:

REIT—Real Estate Investment Trust

See notes to financial statements.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     11  


Statement of Assets & Liabilities—April 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

ASSETS

 

Investments in securities, at value

  

Unaffiliated issuers (cost $277,700,446)

   $ 318,000,036  (a) 

Affiliated issuers (cost $5,777,411)

     5,777,411  

Foreign currencies, at value (cost $603,897)

     586,757  

Unaffiliated dividends and interest receivable

     846,086  

Unrealized appreciation on forward currency exchange contracts

     205,863  

Receivable for capital stock sold

     140,768  

Affiliated dividends receivable

     1,919  
  

 

 

 

Total assets

     325,558,840  
  

 

 

 
LIABILITIES

 

Payable for investment securities purchased

     1,880,974  

Unrealized depreciation on forward currency exchange contracts

     347,440  

Advisory fee payable

     144,785  

Payable for capital stock redeemed

     65,294  

Administrative fee payable

     20,965  

Directors’ fees payable

     2,519  

Transfer Agent fee payable

     1,319  

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

     56,470  
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     2,519,766  
  

 

 

 

NET ASSETS

   $ 323,039,074  
  

 

 

 
COMPOSITION OF NET ASSETS

 

Capital stock, at par

   $ 28,072  

Additional paid-in capital

     284,358,885  

Distributable earnings

     38,652,117  
  

 

 

 
   $ 323,039,074  
  

 

 

 

Class I Net Asset Value Per Share—3 billion shares of capital stock authorized, $.001 par value
(based on 28,071,726 capital shares outstanding)

   $ 11.51  
  

 

 

 

 

(a) Includes securities on loan with a value of $2,541,477 (see Note D).

See Notes to Financial Statements.

 

   
12   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


Statement of Operations—six months ended April 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

INVESTMENT INCOME      

Dividends

     

Unaffiliated issuers (net of foreign taxes withheld of $217,828)

   $ 5,386,237     

Affiliated issuers

     19,810     

Securities lending income

     1,205      $ 5,407,252  
  

 

 

    
EXPENSES      

Advisory fee (see Note B)

     808,050     

Custodian

     62,357     

Audit and tax

     40,303     

Administrative

     35,741     

Transfer agency

     19,686     

Legal

     18,674     

Registration fees

     15,387     

Directors’ fees

     12,173     

Printing

     10,796     

Miscellaneous

     19,315     
  

 

 

    

Total expenses

     1,042,482     

Less: expenses waived and reimbursed by the Adviser (see Note B)

     (866   
  

 

 

    

Net expenses

        1,041,616  
     

 

 

 

Net investment income

        4,365,636  
     

 

 

 
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENT AND FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS      

Net realized gain (loss) on:

     

Investment transactions

        4,136,460  

Forward currency exchange contracts

        (209,687

Foreign currency transactions

        154,013  

Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of:

     

Investments

        23,484,140  

Forward currency exchange contracts

        (251,514

Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities

        8,422  
     

 

 

 

Net gain on investment and foreign currency transactions

        27,321,834  
     

 

 

 

Net Increase in Net Assets from Operations

      $ 31,687,470  
     

 

 

 

 

See Notes to Financial Statements.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     13  


Statement of Changes In Net Assets

 

     SIX MONTHS
ENDED 4/30/19
(UNAUDITED)
    YEAR
ENDED
10/31/18
 
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS FROM OPERATIONS

 

Net investment income

  $ 4,365,636     $ 8,269,026  

Net realized gain on investment and foreign currency transactions

    4,080,786       11,487,267  

Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of investments and foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities

    23,241,048       (13,669,981
 

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase in net assets from operations

    31,687,470       6,086,312  

Distribution to Shareholders

    (8,101,339     (18,385,073

Capital Stock Transactions

 

Net increase (decrease)

    11,547,909       (27,440,635
 

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total increase (decrease)

    35,134,040       (39,739,396
NET ASSETS

 

Beginning of period

    287,905,034       327,644,430  
 

 

 

   

 

 

 

End of period

  $ 323,039,074     $ 287,905,034  
 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See Notes to Financial Statements.

 

   
14   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


Financial Highlights

Selected Data For A Share Of Capital Stock Outstanding Throughout Each Period

 

    CLASS I  
     SIX  MONTHS
ENDED
4/30/19
(UNAUDITED)
    YEAR
ENDED
10/31/18
    YEAR
ENDED
10/31/17
    YEAR
ENDED
10/31/16
    YEAR
ENDED
10/31/15
    YEAR
ENDED
10/31/14
 

Net asset value, beginning of period

  $ 10.61     $ 11.04     $ 10.61     $ 10.63     $ 10.77     $ 10.35  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income From Investment Operations

 

Net investment income (a)

    .16  (b)      .29  (b)      .25  (b)†      .28  (b)      .23       .27  

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions

    1.05       (.08     .63       .13       .03       .73  

Contributions from Affiliates

    0       0       0       0       .00  (c)      0  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase in net asset value from operations

    1.21       .21       .88       .41       .26       1.00  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: Dividends

 

Dividends from net investment income

    (.31     (.64     (.45     (.43     (.40     (.58
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net asset value, end of period

  $ 11.51     $ 10.61     $ 11.04     $ 10.61     $ 10.63     $ 10.77  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Return

 

Total investment return based on net asset value (d)

    11.63%       1.82%       8.61% †      4.04%       2.49%       10.45%  
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

 

Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted)

  $ 323,039     $ 287,905     $ 327,644     $ 339,320     $ 363,574     $ 403,479  

Ratio to average net assets of:

 

Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements

    .71%     .70%       .69%       .69%       .68%       .67%  

Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements

    .71%     .70%       .69%       .69%       .68%       .67%  

Net investment income

    2.97% (b)      2.66%  (b)      2.32%  (b)†      2.64%  (b)      2.13%       2.62%  

Portfolio turnover rate.

    36%       70%       81%       71%       78%       78%  

 

(a)   Based on average shares outstanding.
(b)   Net of fees and expenses waived/reimbursed by the Adviser.
(c)   Amount is less than $.005.
(d)   Total investment return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period, and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return does not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or the redemption of fund shares. Total investment return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized.
  For the year ended October 31, 2017, the amount includes a refund for overbilling of prior years’ custody out of pocket fees as follows:

 

NET INVESTMENT
INCOME PER  SHARE
   NET INVESTMENT
INCOME  RATIO
    TOTAL
RETURN
 
$.002      .02     .02

 

^   Annualized.

See notes to financial statements.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     15  


Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

NOTE A

Significant Accounting Policies

AB Institutional Funds, Inc. (the “Company”), was organized as a Maryland corporation on October 3, 1997 and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) as an open-end series investment company. The Company is comprised of one fund, AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II (the “Fund”). The Fund offers Class I shares. Sales are made without a sales charge, at the Fund’s net asset value per share. The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) which require management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Fund is an investment company under U.S. GAAP and follows the accounting and reporting guidance applicable to investment companies. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Fund.

 

1.   Security Valuation

Portfolio securities are valued at their current market value determined on the basis of market quotations or, if market quotations are not readily available or are deemed unreliable, at “fair value” as determined in accordance with procedures established by and under the general supervision of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”).

In general, the market values of securities which are readily available and deemed reliable are determined as follows: securities listed on a national securities exchange (other than securities listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”)) or on a foreign securities exchange are valued at the last sale price at the close of the exchange or foreign securities exchange. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the last traded price from the previous day. Securities listed on more than one exchange are valued by reference to the principal exchange on which the securities are traded; securities listed only on NASDAQ are valued in accordance with the NASDAQ Official Closing Price; listed or over the counter (“OTC”) market put or call options are valued at the mid level between the current bid and ask prices. If either a current bid or current ask price is unavailable, AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) will have discretion to determine the best valuation (e.g., last trade price in the case of listed options); open futures are valued using the closing settlement price or, in the absence of such a price, the most recent quoted bid price. If there are no quotations available for the day of valuation, the last available closing settlement price is used; U.S. Government securities and any other debt instruments having 60 days or less remaining until maturity are generally valued at market by an independent pricing vendor, if a market price is available. If a market price is not available, the securities are valued at amortized cost. This methodology is commonly used for short term securities that have an original maturity of 60 days or less, as well as short term securities that had an original term to maturity that exceeded 60 days. In instances when amortized cost is utilized, the Valuation Committee (the “Committee”) must reasonably conclude that the utilization of amortized cost is approximately the same as the fair value of the security. Such factors the Committee will consider include, but are not limited to, an impairment of the creditworthiness of the issuer or material changes in interest rates. Fixed-income securities, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, may be valued on the basis of prices provided by a pricing service or at a price obtained from one or more of the major broker-dealers. In cases where broker-dealer quotes are obtained, the Adviser may establish procedures whereby changes in market yields or spreads are used to adjust, on a daily basis, a recently obtained quoted price on a security. Swaps and other derivatives are valued daily, primarily using independent pricing services, independent pricing models using market inputs, as well as third party broker-dealers or counterparties. Open end mutual funds are valued at the closing net asset value per share, while exchange traded funds are valued at the closing market price per share.

Securities for which market quotations are not readily available (including restricted securities) or are deemed unreliable are valued at fair value as deemed appropriate by the Adviser. Factors considered in making this determination may include, but are not limited to, information obtained by contacting the issuer, analysts, analysis of the issuer’s financial statements or other available documents. In addition, the Fund may use fair value pricing for securities primarily traded in non-U.S. markets because most foreign markets close well before the Fund values its securities at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time. The earlier close of these foreign markets gives rise to the possibility that significant events, including broad market moves, may have occurred in the interim and may materially affect the value of those securities. To account for this, the Fund generally values many of its foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third party vendor modeling tools to the extent available.

 

   
16   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


2.   Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with U.S. GAAP regarding fair value measurements, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability (including those valued based on their market values as described in Note A.1 above). Inputs may be observable or unobservable and refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Fund. Unobservable inputs reflect the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances. Each investment is assigned a level based upon the observability of the inputs which are significant to the overall valuation. The three-tier hierarchy of inputs is summarized below.

 

   

Level 1—quoted prices in active markets for identical investments

   

Level 2—other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar investments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.)

   

Level 3—significant unobservable inputs (including the Fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments)

Where readily available market prices or relevant bid prices are not available for certain equity investments, such investments may be valued based on similar publicly traded investments, movements in relevant indices since last available prices or based upon underlying company fundamentals and comparable company data (such as multiples to earnings or other multiples to equity). Where an investment is valued using an observable input, such as another publicly traded security, the investment will be classified as Level 2. If management determines that an adjustment is appropriate based on restrictions on resale, illiquidity or uncertainty, and such adjustment is a significant component of the valuation, the investment will be classified as Level 3. An investment will also be classified as Level 3 where management uses company fundamentals and other significant inputs to determine the valuation.

The following table summarizes the valuation of the Fund’s investments by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of April 30, 2019:

 

INVESTMENTS IN SECURITIES:   LEVEL 1      LEVEL 2     LEVEL 3      TOTAL  

Assets:

 

Common Stocks:

         

Real Estate

  $ 189,185,302      $ 116,172,431     $ 0      $ 305,357,733  

Transportation

    0        3,360,730       0        3,360,730  

Banks

    0        2,857,790       0        2,857,790  

Health Care Equipment & Services

    2,271,429        0       0        2,271,429  

Consumer Services

    1,691,895        0       0        1,691,895  

Consumer Durables & Apparel

    1,672,244        0       0        1,672,244  

Materials

    788,215        0       0        788,215  

Short-Term Investments

    5,777,411        0       0        5,777,411  

Total Investments in Securities

    201,386,496        122,390,951 (a)      0        323,777,447  

Other Financial Instruments(b):

         

Assets:

 

Forward Currency Exchange Contracts

    0        205,863       0        205,863  

Liabilities:

 

Forward Currency Exchange Contracts

    0        (347,440     0        (347,440

Total

  $ 201,386,496      $ 122,249,374     $ 0      $ 323,635,870  

 

  (a)

A significant portion of the Fund’s foreign equity investments are categorized as Level 2 investments since they are valued using fair value prices based on third party vendor modeling tools to the extent available, see Note A.1.

 

  (b)

Other financial instruments are derivative instruments, such as futures, forwards and swaps, which are valued at the unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on the instrument. Other financial instruments may also include swaps with upfront premiums, options written and swaptions written which are valued at market value.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     17  


Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited) (continued)

 

 

3.   Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and commitments under forward currency exchange contracts are translated into U.S. dollars at the mean of the quoted bid and ask prices of such currencies against the U.S. dollar. Purchases and sales of portfolio securities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange prevailing when such securities were acquired or sold. Income and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at rates of exchange prevailing when accrued.

Net realized gain or loss on foreign currency transactions represents foreign exchange gains and losses from sales and maturities of foreign fixed income investments, holding of foreign currencies, currency gains or losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on foreign investment transactions, and the difference between the amounts of dividends, interest and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the Fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized currency gains and losses from valuing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities at period end exchange rates are reflected as a component of net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.

 

4.   Taxes

It is the Fund’s policy to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies and to distribute all of its investment company taxable income and net realized gains, if any, to shareholders. Therefore, no provisions for federal income or excise taxes are required. The Fund may be subject to taxes imposed by countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on income and/or capital gains earned or repatriated. Taxes are accrued and applied to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized appreciation/depreciation as such income and/or gains are earned.

In accordance with U.S. GAAP requirements regarding accounting for uncertainties in income taxes, management has analyzed the Fund’s tax positions taken or expected to be taken on federal and state income tax returns for all open tax years (the current and the prior three tax years) and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the Fund’s financial statements.

 

5.   Investment Income and Investment Transactions

Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date or as soon as the Fund is informed of the dividend. Interest income is accrued daily. Investment transactions are accounted for on the date the securities are purchased or sold. Investment gains or losses are determined on the identified cost basis. The Fund amortizes premiums and accretes discounts as adjustments to interest income.

 

6.   Dividends and Distributions

Dividends and distributions to shareholders, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Income dividends and capital gains distributions are determined in accordance with federal tax regulations and may differ from those determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. To the extent these differences are permanent, such amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal tax basis treatment; temporary differences do not require such reclassification.

 

NOTE B

Advisory Fee and Other Transactions with Affiliates

Under the terms of the investment advisory agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser an advisory fee at an annual rate of .55% of the first $2.5 billion, .45% of the next $2.5 billion and .40% in excess of $5 billion of the Fund’s daily net assets. The fee is accrued daily and paid monthly.

During 2017, AXA S.A. (“AXA”), a French holding company for the AXA Group, a worldwide leader in life, property and casualty and health insurance and asset management, announced its intention to pursue the sale of a minority stake in its subsidiary, AXA Equitable Holdings, Inc. (“AXA Equitable”), the holding company for a diversified financial services organization, through an initial public offering (“IPO”). AXA Equitable is the holding company for a diverse group of financial services companies, including an approximately 65.2% economic interest in the Adviser and a 100% interest in AllianceBernstein Corporation, the general partner of the Adviser. In March 2018, AXA announced its intention to sell its entire interest in AXA Equitable over time, subject to market conditions and other factors (the “Plan”). During the second

 

   
18   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


quarter of 2018, AXA Equitable completed the IPO. Additional secondary offerings of AXA Equitable shares were completed in the Fourth Quarter of 2018 and the First and Second Quarters of 2019, and AXA Equitable also repurchased shares from AXA in connection with each of these secondary offerings pursuant to agreements with AXA. Following the IPO and subsequent transactions, including secondary offerings and share repurchases, AXA owns approximately 40.1% of the outstanding shares of common stock of AXA Equitable. Contemporaneously with the IPO, AXA sold $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of its 7.25% mandatorily exchangeable notes (the “MxB Notes”) due May 15, 2021 and exchangeable into up to 43,125,000 shares of common stock (or approximately 7% of the outstanding shares of common stock of AXA Equitable). AXA retains ownership (including voting rights) of such shares of common stock until the MxB Notes are exchanged, which may be on a date that is earlier than the maturity date at AXA’s option upon the occurrence of certain events.

It is anticipated that one or more of the transactions contemplated by the Plan may ultimately result in the indirect transfer of a “controlling block” of voting securities of the Adviser (a “Change of Control Event”) and therefore may be deemed an “assignment” causing a termination of each Fund’s current investment advisory agreement. In order to ensure that the existing investment advisory services could continue uninterrupted, at meetings held in late July through early August 2018, the Boards of Directors/Trustees (each a “Board” and collectively, the “Boards”) approved new investment advisory agreements with the Adviser, in connection with the Plan. The Boards also agreed to call and hold a joint meeting of shareholders on October 11, 2018, for shareholders of each Fund to (1) approve the new investment advisory agreement with the Adviser that would be effective after the first Change of Control Event and (2) approve any future advisory agreement approved by the Board and that has terms not materially different from the current agreement, in the event there are subsequent Change of Control Events arising from completion of the Plan that terminate the advisory agreement after the first Change of Control Event. Approval of a future advisory agreement means that shareholders may not have another opportunity to vote on a new agreement with the Adviser even upon a change of control, as long as no single person or group of persons acting together gains “control” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of AXA Equitable.

At the December 11, 2018 adjourned shareholder meeting, shareholders approved the new and future investment advisory agreements.

Pursuant to the investment advisory agreement, the Fund may reimburse the Adviser for certain legal and accounting services provided to the Fund by the Adviser. For the six months ended April 30, 2019, the reimbursement for such services amounted to $35,741.

The Fund compensates AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, under a Transfer Agency Agreement for providing personnel and facilities to perform transfer agency services for the Fund. ABIS may make payments to intermediaries that provide omnibus account services, sub-accounting services and/or networking services. Such compensation retained by ABIS amounted to $10,500 for the six months ended April 30, 2019.

The Fund may invest in AB Government Money Market Portfolio (the “Government Money Market Portfolio”) which has a contractual annual advisory fee rate of .20% of the portfolio’s average daily net assets and bears its own expenses. Effective August 1, 2018, the Adviser has contractually agreed to waive .10% of the advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio (resulting in a net advisory fee of .10%) until August 31, 2020. In connection with the investment by the Fund in Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its advisory fee from the Fund in an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of the effective advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. For the six months ended April 30, 2019, such waiver amounted to $866.

A summary of the Fund’s transactions in AB mutual funds for the six months ended April 30, 2019 is as follows:

 

FUND   MARKET VALUE
10/31/18
(000)
     PURCHASES
AT COST
(000)
     SALES
PROCEEDS
(000)
     MARKET VALUE
4/30/19
(000)
     DIVIDEND
INCOME
(000)
 

Government Money Market Portfolio

  $ 1,070      $ 59,509      $ 54,802      $ 5,777      $ 20  

Brokerage commissions paid on investment transactions for the six months ended April 30, 2019 amounted to $118,237, of which $0 and $0, respectively, was paid to Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. LLC and Sanford C. Bernstein Limited, affiliates of the Adviser.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     19  


Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited) (continued)

 

 

NOTE C

Investment Transactions

Purchases and sales of investment securities (excluding short-term investments) for the six months ended April 30, 2019 were as follows:

 

      PURCHASES        SALES  

Investment securities (excluding U.S. government securities)

   $ 111,658,703        $ 105,837,958  

U.S. government securities

     0          0  

The cost of investments for federal income tax purposes was substantially the same as the cost for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, gross unrealized appreciation and unrealized depreciation are as follows:

 

Gross unrealized appreciation

   $ 43,851,926  

Gross unrealized depreciation

     (3,693,913
  

 

 

 

Net unrealized appreciation

   $ 40,158,013  
  

 

 

 

 

1.   Derivative Financial Instruments

The Fund may use derivatives in an effort to earn income and enhance returns, to replace more traditional direct investments, to obtain exposure to otherwise inaccessible markets (collectively, “investment purposes”), or to hedge or adjust the risk profile of its portfolio.

The principal type of derivative utilized by the Fund, as well as the methods in which they may be used are:

 

   

Forward Currency Exchange Contracts

The Fund may enter into forward currency exchange contracts in order to hedge its exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates on its foreign portfolio holdings, to hedge certain firm purchase and sale commitments denominated in foreign currencies and for non-hedging purposes as a means of making direct investments in foreign currencies, as described below under “Currency Transactions”.

A forward currency exchange contract is a commitment to purchase or sell a foreign currency at a future date at a negotiated forward rate. The gain or loss arising from the difference between the original contract and the closing of such contract would be included in net realized gain or loss on forward currency exchange contracts. Fluctuations in the value of open forward currency exchange contracts are recorded for financial reporting purposes as unrealized appreciation and/or depreciation by the Fund. Risks may arise from the potential inability of a counterparty to meet the terms of a contract and from unanticipated movements in the value of a foreign currency relative to the U.S. dollar.

During the six months ended April 30, 2019, the Fund held forward currency exchange contracts for hedging and non-hedging purposes.

The Fund typically enters into International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. Master Agreements (“ISDA Master Agreement”) with its OTC derivative contract counterparties in order to, among other things, reduce its credit risk to OTC counterparties. ISDA Master Agreements include provisions for general obligations, representations, collateral and events of default or termination. Under an ISDA Master Agreement, the Fund typically may offset with the OTC counterparty certain derivative financial instruments’ payables and/or receivables with collateral held and/or posted and create one single net payment (close-out netting) in the event of default or termination. In the event of a default by an OTC counterparty, the return of collateral with market value in excess of the Fund’s net liability, held by the defaulting party, may be delayed or denied.

The Fund’s ISDA Master Agreements may contain provisions for early termination of OTC derivative transactions in the event the net assets of the Fund decline below specific levels (“net asset contingent features”). If these levels are triggered, the Fund’s OTC counterparty has the right to terminate such transaction and require the Fund to pay or receive a settlement amount in connection with the terminated transaction. If OTC derivatives were held at period end, please refer to netting arrangements by the OTC counterparty tables below for additional details.

 

   
20   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


During the six months ended April 30, 2019, the Fund had entered into the following derivatives:

 

      ASSET DERIVATIVES      LIABILITY DERIVATIVES  
DERIVATIVE TYPE    STATEMENT OF ASSETS
AND LIABILITIES LOCATION
   FAIR VALUE      STATEMENT OF ASSETS
AND LIABILITIES LOCATION
   FAIR VALUE  

Foreign currency contracts

  

Unrealized appreciation on forward currency exchange contracts

   $ 205,863     

Unrealized depreciation on forward currency exchange contracts

   $ 347,440  

Total

        $ 205,863           $ 347,440  

 

DERIVATIVE TYPE    LOCATION OF GAIN OR  (LOSSON
DERIVATIVES WITHIN STATEMENT
OF OPERATIONS
   REALIZED GAIN
OR (LOSS) ON
DERIVATIVES
    CHANGE IN UNREALIZED
APPRECIATION OR
(DEPRECIATION)
 

Foreign currency contracts

  

Net realized gain (loss) on forward currency exchange contracts; Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of forward currency exchange contracts

   $ (209,687   $ (251,514

Total

        $ (209,687   $ (251,514

The following table represents the average monthly volume of the Fund’s derivative transactions during the six months ended April 30, 2019:

 

Forward Currency Exchange Contracts:

       

Average principal amount of buy contracts

   $ 21,309,927       

Average principal amount of sale contracts

   $ 24,877,021       

For financial reporting purposes, the Fund does not offset derivative assets and derivative liabilities that are subject to netting arrangements in the statement of assets and liabilities.

All OTC derivatives held at period end were subject to netting arrangements. The following table presents the Fund’s derivative assets and liabilities by OTC counterparty net of amounts available for offset under ISDA Master Agreements (“MA”) and net of the related collateral received/pledged by the Fund as of April 30, 2019. Exchange-traded derivatives and centrally cleared swaps are not subject to netting arrangements and as such are excluded from the table.

 

COUNTERPARTY   DERIVATIVE
ASSETS SUBJECT
TO A MA
     DERIVATIVES
AVAILABLE  FOR
OFFSET
     CASH
COLLATERAL
RECEIVED*
     SECURITY
COLLATERAL
RECEIVED*
     NET AMOUNT  OF
DERIVATIVE
ASSETS
 

Bank of America, NA

  $ 31,995      $ (31,995    $ 0      $ 0      $ 0  

Citibank, NA

    42,498        (25,286      0        0        17,212  

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

    8,323        (8,323      0        0        0  

JPMorgan Chase Bank, NA

    12,119        (12,119      0        0        0  

Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.

    11,218        0        0        0        11,218  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

    99,710        (78,087      0        0        21,623  

Total

  $ 205,863      $ (155,810    $ 0      $ 0      $ 50,053

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     21  


Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited) (continued)

 

COUNTERPARTY   DERIVATIVE
LIABILITIES SUBJECT
TO
A MA
     DERIVATIVES
AVAILABLE  FOR
OFFSET
     CASH
COLLATERAL
PLEDGED*
     SECURITY
COLLATERAL
PLEDGED*
     NET AMOUNT  OF
DERIVATIVE
LIABILITIES
 

Bank of America, NA

  $ 57,230      $ (31,995    $ 0      $ 0      $ 25,235  

Barclays Bank PLC

    6,938        0        0        0        6,938  

Citibank, NA

    25,286        (25,286      0        0        0  

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

    8,904        (8,323      0        0        581  

HSBC Bank USA

    2,461        0        0        0        2,461  

JPMorgan Chase Bank, NA

    23,305        (12,119      0        0        11,186  

Natwest Markets PLC

    103,770        0        0        0        103,770  

Standard Chartered Bank

    31,192        0        0        0        31,192  

State Street Bank & Trust Co.

    78,087        (78,087      0        0        0  

UBS AG

    10,267        0        0        0        10,267  

Total

  $ 347,440      $ (155,810    $ 0      $ 0      $ 191,630

 

  *

The actual collateral received/pledged may be more than the amount reported due to over-collateralization.

 

  ^

Net amount represents the net receivable/payable that would be due from/to the counterparty in the event of default or termination. The net amount from OTC financial derivative instruments can only be netted across transactions governed under the same master agreement with the same counterparty.

 

2.   Currency Transactions

The Fund may invest in non-U.S. Dollar-denominated securities on a currency hedged or unhedged basis. The Fund may seek investment opportunities by taking long or short positions in currencies through the use of currency-related derivatives, including forward currency exchange contracts, futures and options on futures, swaps, and other options. The Fund may enter into transactions for investment opportunities when it anticipates that a foreign currency will appreciate or depreciate in value but securities denominated in that currency are not held by the Fund and do not present attractive investment opportunities. Such transactions may also be used when the Adviser believes that it may be more efficient than a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated security. The Fund may also conduct currency exchange contracts on a spot basis (i.e., for cash at the spot rate prevailing in the currency exchange market for buying or selling currencies).

 

NOTE D

Securities Lending

The Fund may enter into securities lending transactions. Under the Fund’s securities lending program, all loans of securities will be collateralized continually by cash collateral and/or non-cash collateral. Non-cash collateral will include only securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities. If a loan is collateralized by cash, the Fund will be compensated for the loan from a portion of the net return from the income earned on cash collateral after a rebate is paid to the borrower (in some cases, this rebate may be a “negative rebate” or fee paid by the borrower to the Fund in connection with the loan), and payments are made for fees of the securities lending agent and for certain other administrative expenses. If the Fund receives non-cash collateral, the Fund will receive a fee from the borrower generally equal to a negotiated percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. The Fund will have the right to call a loan and obtain the securities loaned at any time on notice to the borrower within the normal and customary settlement time for the securities. While the securities are on loan, the borrower is obligated to pay the Fund amounts equal to any income or other distributions from the securities. The Fund will not be able to exercise voting rights with respect to any securities during the existence of a loan, but will have the right to regain ownership of loaned securities in order to exercise voting or other ownership rights. The lending agent has agreed to indemnify the Fund in the case of default of any securities borrower. Collateral received and securities loaned are marked to market daily to ensure that the

 

   
22   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


securities loaned are secured by collateral. The lending agent currently invests the cash collateral received in Government Money Market Portfolio, an eligible money market vehicle, in accordance with the investment restrictions of the Fund, and as approved by the Board. The collateral received on securities loaned is recorded as an asset as well as a corresponding liability in the statement of assets and liabilities. When the Fund lends securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned. At April 30, 2019, the Fund had securities on loan with a value of $2,541,477 and had received non-cash collateral of approximately $2,581,912 in the form of U.S. government securities, which the Fund cannot sell or repledge, and accordingly are not reflected in the portfolio of investments. The collateral will be adjusted on the next business day to maintain the required collateral amount. The Fund earned securities lending income of $1,205 from the borrowers, for the six months ended April 30, 2019; this amount is reflected in the statement of operations. A principal risk of lending portfolio securities is that the borrower may fail to return the loaned securities upon termination of the loan and that the collateral will not be sufficient to replace the loaned securities.

 

NOTE E

Capital Stock

Transactions in capital shares were as follows:

 

    SHARES           AMOUNT  
         
     SIX MONTHS ENDED
APRIL 30, 2019
(UNAUDITED)
    YEAR ENDED
OCTOBER 31, 2018
           SIX MONTHS ENDED
APRIL 30, 2019
(UNAUDITED)
    YEAR ENDED
OCTOBER 31, 2018
 

Shares sold

    3,952,231       3,736,858       $ 44,169,558     $ 40,700,911  

Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends

    636,138       1,430,025         6,751,614       15,666,543  

Shares redeemed

    (3,644,920     (7,703,621       (39,373,263     (83,808,089
 

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease)

    943,449       (2,536,738     $ 11,547,909     $ (27,440,635
 

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

NOTE F

Risks Involved in Investing in the Fund

Interest Rate Risk—Changes in interest rates will affect the value of investments in fixed-income securities. When interest rates rise, the value of existing investments in fixed-income securities tends to fall and this decrease in value may not be offset by higher income from new investments. Interest rate risk is generally greater for fixed-income securities with longer maturities or durations.

Credit Risk—An issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, or the counterparty to a derivatives or other contract, may be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest or principal, or to otherwise honor its obligations. The issuer or guarantor may default, causing a loss of the full principal amount of a security and any accrued interest. The degree of risk for a particular security may be reflected in its credit rating. There is the possibility that the credit rating of a fixed-income security may be downgraded after purchase, which may adversely affect the value of the security. Investments in fixed-income securities with lower ratings tend to have a higher probability that an issuer will default or fail to meet its payment obligations.

Real Estate Risk—The Fund’s investments in the real estate securities have many of the same risks as direct ownership of real estate, including the risk that the value of real estate could decline due to a variety of factors that affect the real estate market generally. Investments in real estate investment trusts, or “REITs”, may have additional risks. REITs are dependent on the capability of their managers, may have limited diversification, and could be significantly affected by changes in taxes.

Foreign (Non-U.S.) Risk—Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve more risk than those of U.S. issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade or dispose of due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     23  


Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited) (continued)

 

Currency Risk—Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.

Mortgage-Related and/or Other Asset-Backed Securities Risk—Investments in mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities are subject to certain additional risks. The value of these securities may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates. These risks include “extension risk”, which is the risk that, in periods of rising interest rates, issuers may delay the payment of principal, and “prepayment risk”, which is the risk that in periods of falling interest rates, issuers may pay principal sooner than expected, exposing the Fund to a lower rate of return upon reinvestment of principal. Mortgage-backed securities offered by non-governmental issuers and other asset-backed securities may be subject to other risks, such as higher rates of default in the mortgages or assets backing the securities or risks associated with the nature and servicing of mortgages or assets backing the securities.

Derivatives Risk—The Fund may enter into derivative transactions such as forwards, options, futures and swaps. Derivatives may be illiquid, difficult to price, and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund, and subject to counterparty risk to a greater degree than more traditional investments. Derivatives may result in significant losses, including losses that are far greater than the value of the derivatives reflected on the statement of assets and liabilities.

Leverage Risk—When the Fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its investments, its performance may be volatile because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s investments. The Fund may create leverage through the use of reverse repurchase arrangements, forward currency exchange contracts, forward commitments, dollar rolls or futures or by borrowing money. The use of other types of derivative instruments by the Fund, such as options and swaps, may also result in a form of leverage. Leverage may result in higher returns to the Fund than if the Fund were not leveraged, but may also adversely affect returns, particularly if the market is declining.

Indemnification Risk—In the ordinary course of business, the Fund enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown. However, the Fund has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these indemnification provisions and expects the risk of loss thereunder to be remote. Therefore, the Fund has not accrued any liability in connection with these indemnification provisions.

 

NOTE G

Joint Credit Facility

A number of open-end mutual funds managed by the Adviser, including the Fund, participate in a $325 million revolving credit facility (the “Facility”) intended to provide short-term financing, if necessary, subject to certain restrictions in connection with abnormal redemption activity. Commitment fees related to the Facility are paid by the participating funds and are included in miscellaneous expenses in the statement of operations. The Fund did not utilize the Facility during the six months ended April 30, 2019.

 

NOTE H

Distributions to Shareholders

The tax character of distributions to be paid for the year ending October 31, 2019 will be determined at the end of the current fiscal year. The tax character of distributions paid during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017 were as follows:

 

      2018        2017  

Distributions paid from:

       

Ordinary income

   $ 18,385,073        $ 14,061,856  
  

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total taxable distributions paid

   $ 18,385,073        $ 14,061,856  
  

 

 

      

 

 

 

As of October 31, 2018, the components of accumulated earnings/(deficit) on a tax basis were as follows:

 

Undistributed ordinary income

   $ 6,136,456  

Accumulated capital and other losses

     0  (a) 

Unrealized appreciation/(depreciation)

     8,929,523  (b) 
  

 

 

 

Total accumulated earnings/(deficit)

   $ 15,065,979  
  

 

 

 

 

   
24   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


  (a)

During the fiscal year, the Fund utilized $371,411 of capital loss carry forwards to offset current year net realized gains. The Fund also had $9,939,598 of capital loss carryforwards expire during the fiscal year.

 

  (b)

The differences between book-basis and tax-basis unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) are attributable primarily to the tax deferral of losses on wash sales, the tax treatment of passive foreign investment companies (PFICs) and the recognition for tax purposes of unrealized gains/losses on certain derivative instruments.

For tax purposes, net realized capital losses may be carried over to offset future capital gains, if any. Funds are permitted to carry forward capital losses for an indefinite period, and such losses will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses. As of October 31, 2018, the Fund did not have any capital loss carryforwards.

 

NOTE I

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an Accounting Standards Update, ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement which removes, modifies and adds disclosures to Topic 820. The amendments in this ASU 2018-13 (“ASU”) apply to all entities that are required, under existing U.S. GAAP, to make disclosures about recurring or nonrecurring fair value measurements. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Management has evaluated the impact of the amendments and elected to early adopt the ASU. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the disclosure and presentation of the financial statements of the Fund.

 

NOTE J

Subsequent Events

Management has evaluated subsequent events for possible recognition or disclosure in the financial statements through the date the financial statements are issued. Management has determined that there are no material events that would require disclosure in the Fund’s financial statements through this date.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     25  


Results of Stockholders Meeting (Unaudited)

 

A Special Meeting of Stockholders of AB Institutional Funds, Inc. (the “Fund”)—AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II (the “Portfolio”) was held on October 11, 2018 and adjourned until December 11, 2018. A description of each proposal and number of shares voted at the Meeting are as follows (the proposal number shown below corresponds to the proposal number in the Fund’s proxy statement):

1. To approve and vote upon the election of Directors for the Fund, each such Director to serve for a term of indefinite duration and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies.

 

DIRECTOR    VOTED FOR        WITHHELD AUTHORITY  

Michael J. Downey

     14,227,806          211,812  

William H. Foulk, Jr.*

     14,226,633          212,985  

Nancy P. Jacklin

     14,241,950          197,668  

Robert M. Keith

     14,220,273          219,346  

Carol C. McMullen

     14,241,950          197,668  

Gary L. Moody

     14,232,738          206,880  

Marshall C. Turner, Jr.

     14,229,422          210,196  

Earl D. Weiner

     14,232,738          206,880  

2. To vote upon the approval of new advisory agreements for the Portfolio with AllianceBernstein L.P.

 

VOTED
FOR
     VOTED
AGAINST
       ABSTAIN        BROKER
NON-VOTES
 

13,346,963

       138,198          411,375          543,083  

 

 

  *

Mr. Foulk retired on December 31, 2018.

 

   
26   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II

 

 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Marshall C. Turner, Jr.(1)

Chairman

Michael J. Downey(1)

Nancy P. Jacklin(1)

Robert M. Keith

President and Chief Executive Officer

Carol C. McMullen(1)

Garry L. Moody(1)

Earl D. Weiner(1)

 

 

OFFICERS

Eric J. Franco(2)

Vice President

Ajit D. Ketkar(2)

Vice President

Emilie D. Wrapp

Secretary

Michael B. Reyes

Senior Analyst

Joseph J. Mantineo

Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

Phyllis J. Clarke

Controller

Vincent S. Noto

Chief Compliance Officer

 

 

PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITER

AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc.

1345 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10105

 

 

CUSTODIAN AND ACCOUNTING AGENT

State Street Bank and Trust Company

State Street Corporation CCB/5

1 Iron Street

Boston, MA 02210

 

 

LEGAL COUNSEL

Seward & Kissel LLP

One Battery Park Plaza

New York, NY 10004

 

 

TRANSFER AGENT

AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc.

P.O. Box 786003

San Antonio, TX 78278-6003

Toll-Free (800) 221-5672

 

 

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Ernst & Young LLP

5 Times Square

New York, NY 10036

 

(1)   Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, and the Independent Directors Committee.
(2)   The day-to-day management of, and investment decisions for, the Fund’s portfolio are made by the Global REIT Senior Investment Management Team. Messrs. Franco and Ketkar are the investment professionals with the most significant responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     27  


Information Regarding the Review and Approval of the Fund’s Proposed New Advisory Agreements and Interim Advisory Agreement in the Context of Potential Assignments

As described in more detail in the Proxy Statement for the AB Funds dated August 20, 2018, the Boards of the AB Funds, at a meeting held on July 31-August 2, 2018, approved new advisory agreements with the Adviser (the “Proposed Agreements”) for the AB Funds, including AB Institutional Funds, Inc. in respect of AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II (the “Fund”), in connection with the planned disposition by AXA S.A. of its remaining shares of AXA Equitable Holdings, Inc. (the indirect holder of a majority of the partnership interests in the Adviser and the indirect parent of AllianceBernstein Corporation, the general partner of the Adviser) in one or more transactions and the related potential for one or more “assignments” (within the meaning of section 2(a)(4) of the Investment Company Act) of the advisory agreements for the AB Funds, including the Fund’s Advisory Agreement, resulting in the automatic termination of such advisory agreements.

At the same meeting, the AB Boards also considered and approved interim advisory agreements with the Adviser (the “Interim Advisory Agreements”) for the AB Funds, including the Fund, to be effective only in the event that stockholder approval of a Proposed Agreement had not been obtained as of the date of one or more transactions resulting in an “assignment” of the Adviser’s advisory agreements, resulting in the automatic termination of such advisory agreements.

The shareholders of the Fund subsequently approved the Proposed Agreements at an annual meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of electing Directors and voting on the Proposed Agreements.

A discussion regarding the basis for the Boards’ approvals at the meeting held on July 31-August 2, 2018 is set forth below.

At a meeting of the AB Boards held on July 31-August 2, 2018, the Adviser presented its recommendation that the Boards consider and approve the Proposed Agreements. Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act provides that, after an initial period, a Fund’s Current Agreement and current sub-advisory agreement, as applicable, will remain in effect only if the Board, including a majority of the Independent Directors, annually reviews and approves them. Each of the Current Agreements had been approved by a Board within the one-year period prior to approval of its related Proposed Agreement, except that the Current Agreements for certain FlexFee funds were approved in February 2017. In connection with their approval of the Proposed Agreements, the Boards considered their conclusions in connection with their most recent approvals of the Current Agreements, in particular in cases where the last approval of a Current Agreement was relatively recent, including the Boards’ general satisfaction with the nature and quality of services being provided and, as applicable, in the case of certain Funds, actions taken or to be taken in an effort to improve investment performance or reduce expense ratios. The Directors also reviewed updated information provided by the Adviser in respect of each Fund. Also in connection with their approval of the Proposed Agreements, the Boards considered a representation made to them at that time by the Adviser that there were no additional developments not already disclosed to the Boards since their most recent approvals of the Current Agreements that would be a material consideration to the Boards in connection with their consideration of the Proposed Agreements, except for matters disclosed to the Boards by the Adviser. The Directors considered the fact that each Proposed Agreement would have corresponding terms and conditions identical to those of the corresponding Current Agreement with the exception of the effective date and initial term under the Proposed Agreement.

The Directors considered their knowledge of the nature and quality of the services provided by the Adviser to each Fund gained from their experience as directors or trustees of registered investment companies advised by the Adviser, their overall confidence in the Adviser’s integrity and competence they have gained from that experience, the Adviser’s initiative in identifying and raising potential issues with the Directors and its responsiveness, frankness and attention to concerns raised by the Directors in the past, including the Adviser’s willingness to consider and implement organizational and operational changes designed to improve investment results and the services provided to the Funds. The Directors noted that they have four regular meetings each year, at each of which they review extensive materials and information from the Adviser, including information on the investment performance of each Fund.

The Directors also considered all factors they believed relevant, including the specific matters discussed below. During the course of their deliberations, the Directors evaluated, among other things, the reasonableness of the management fees of the Funds they oversee. The Directors did not identify any particular information that was all-important or controlling, and different Directors may have attributed different weights to the various factors. The Directors determined that the

 

   
28   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


selection of the Adviser to manage the Funds, and the overall arrangements between the Funds and the Adviser, as provided in the Proposed Agreements, including the management fees, were fair and reasonable in light of the services performed under the Current Agreements and to be performed under the Proposed Agreements, expenses incurred and to be incurred and such other matters as the Directors considered relevant in the exercise of their business judgment. The material factors and conclusions that formed the basis for the Directors’ determinations included the following:

Nature, Extent and Quality of Services Provided

The Directors considered the scope and quality of services to be provided by the Adviser under the Proposed Agreements, including the quality of the investment research capabilities of the Adviser and the other resources it has dedicated to performing services for the Funds. They also considered the information that had been provided to them by the Adviser concerning the anticipated implementation of the Plan and the Adviser’s representation that it did not anticipate that such implementation would affect the management or structure of the Adviser, have a material adverse effect on the Adviser, or adversely affect the quality of the services provided to the Funds by the Adviser and its affiliates. The Directors noted that the Adviser from time to time reviews each Fund’s investment strategies and from time to time proposes changes intended to improve the Fund’s relative or absolute performance for the Directors’ consideration. They also noted the professional experience and qualifications of each Fund’s portfolio management team and other senior personnel of the Adviser. The Directors also considered that certain Proposed Agreements, similar to the corresponding Current Agreements, provide that the Funds will reimburse the Adviser for the cost to it of providing certain clerical, accounting, administrative and other services to the Funds by employees of the Adviser or its affiliates. Requests for these reimbursements are made on a quarterly basis and subject to approval by the Directors. The Directors noted that the Adviser did not request any reimbursements from certain Funds in the Fund’s latest fiscal year reviewed. The Directors noted that the methodology to be used to determine the reimbursement amounts had been reviewed by an independent consultant retained by the Funds’ former Senior Officer/Independent Compliance Officer. The quality of administrative and other services, including the Adviser’s role in coordinating the activities of the Funds’ other service providers, also was considered. The Directors of each Fund concluded that, overall, they were satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of services to be provided to the Funds under the Proposed Agreement for the Fund.

Costs of Services to be Provided and Profitability

The Directors reviewed a schedule of the revenues and expenses and related notes indicating the profitability of each Fund to the Adviser for calendar years 2016 and 2017, as applicable, that had been prepared with an expense allocation methodology arrived at in consultation with an independent consultant retained by the Funds’ former Senior Officer/Independent Compliance Officer. The Directors noted the assumptions and methods of allocation used by the Adviser in preparing fund-specific profitability data and understood that there are a number of potentially acceptable allocation methodologies for information of this type. The Directors noted that the profitability information reflected all revenues and expenses of the Adviser’s relationship with a Fund, including those relating to its subsidiaries that provide transfer agency, distribution and brokerage services to the Fund, as applicable. The Directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of the profitability of the Proposed Agreements with the profitability of fund advisory contracts for unaffiliated funds because comparative information is not generally publicly available and is affected by numerous factors. The Directors focused on the profitability of the Adviser’s relationship with each Fund before taxes and distribution expenses, as applicable. The Directors noted that certain Funds were not profitable to the Adviser in one or more periods reviewed. The Directors concluded that the Adviser’s level of profitability from its relationship with the other Funds was not unreasonable. The Directors were unable to consider historical information about the profitability of certain Funds that had recently commenced operations and for which historical profitability information was not available. The Adviser agreed to provide the Directors with profitability information in connection with future proposed continuances of the Proposed Agreements.

Fall-Out Benefits

The Directors considered the other benefits to the Adviser and its affiliates from their relationships with the Funds, including, but not limited to, as applicable, benefits relating to soft dollar arrangements (whereby investment advisers receive brokerage and research services from brokers that execute agency transactions for their clients) in the case of certain Funds; 12b-1 fees and sales charges received by the principal underwriter (which is a wholly owned subsidiary of

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     29  


the Adviser) in respect of certain classes of the shares of most of the Funds; brokerage commissions paid by certain Funds to brokers affiliated with the Adviser; and transfer agency fees paid by most of the Funds to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser. The Directors recognized that the Adviser’s profitability would be somewhat lower, and that a Fund’s unprofitability to the Adviser would be exacerbated, without these benefits. The Directors understood that the Adviser also might derive reputational and other benefits from its association with the Funds.

Investment Results

In addition to the information reviewed by the Directors in connection with the Board meeting at which the Proposed Agreements were approved, the Directors receive detailed performance information for the Funds at each regular Board meeting during the year.

The Boards’ consideration of each Proposed Agreement was informed by their most recent approval of the related Current Agreement, and, in the case of certain Funds, their discussion with the Adviser of the reasons for those Funds’ underperformance in certain periods. The Directors also reviewed updated performance information and, in some cases, discussed with the Adviser the reasons for changes in performance or continued underperformance. On the basis of this review, the Directors concluded that each Fund’s investment performance was acceptable.

Management Fees and Other Expenses

The Directors considered the management fee rate payable by each Fund to the Adviser and information prepared by an independent service provider (the “15(c) provider”) concerning management fee rates payable by other funds in the same category as the Fund. The Directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of management fees because there are variations in the services that are included in the fees paid by other funds. The Directors compared each Fund’s contractual management fee rate with a peer group median, and where applicable, took into account the impact on the management fee rate of the administrative expense reimbursement paid to the Adviser in the latest fiscal year. In the case of the ACS Funds, the Directors noted that the management fee rate is zero but also were cognizant that the Adviser is indirectly compensated by the wrap fee program sponsors that use the ACS Funds as an investment vehicle for their clients.

The Directors also considered the Adviser’s fee schedule for other clients pursuing a similar investment style to each Fund. For this purpose, they reviewed the relevant advisory fee information from the Adviser’s Form ADV and in a report from the Funds’ Senior Analyst and noted the differences between a Fund’s fee schedule, on the one hand, and the Adviser’s institutional fee schedule and the schedule of fees charged by the Adviser to any offshore funds and for services to any sub-advised funds pursuing a similar investment strategy as the Fund, on the other, as applicable. The Directors noted that the Adviser may, in some cases, agree to fee rates with large institutional clients that are lower than those reviewed by the Directors and that they had previously discussed with the Adviser its policies in respect of such arrangements. The Adviser also informed the Directors that, in the case of certain Funds, there were no institutional products managed by the Adviser that have a substantially similar investment style. The Directors also discussed these matters with their independent fee consultant.

The Adviser reviewed with the Directors the significantly greater scope of the services it provides to each Fund relative to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients, as applicable. In this regard, the Adviser noted, among other things, that, compared to institutional and offshore or sub-advisory accounts, each Fund, as applicable, (i) demands considerably more portfolio management, research and trading resources due to significantly higher daily cash flows (in the case of open-end Funds); (ii) has more tax and regulatory restrictions and compliance obligations; (iii) must prepare and file or distribute regulatory and other communications about fund operations; and (iv) must provide shareholder servicing to retail investors. The Adviser also reviewed the greater legal risks presented by the large and changing population of Fund shareholders who may assert claims against the Adviser in individual or class actions, and the greater entrepreneurial risk in offering new fund products, which require substantial investment to launch, may not succeed, and generally must be priced to compete with larger, more established funds resulting in lack of profitability to the Adviser until a new fund achieves scale. In light of the substantial differences in services rendered by the Adviser to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients as compared to the Funds, and the different risk profile, the Directors considered these fee comparisons inapt and did not place significant weight on them in their deliberations.

 

   
30   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


The Directors noted that many of the Funds may invest in shares of exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), subject to the restrictions and limitations of the 1940 Act as these may be varied as a result of exemptive orders issued by the SEC. The Directors also noted that ETFs pay advisory fees pursuant to their advisory contracts. The Directors concluded, based on the Adviser’s explanation of how it uses ETFs when they are the most cost-effective way to obtain desired exposures, in some cases pending purchases of underlying securities, that each Fund’s management fee would be for services that would be in addition to, rather than duplicative of, the services provided under the advisory contracts of the ETFs.

With respect to each Fund’s management fee, the Directors considered the total expense ratio of the Fund in comparison to a peer group and peer universe selected by the 15(c) service provider. The Directors also considered the Adviser’s expense caps for certain Funds. The Directors view expense ratio information as relevant to their evaluation of the Adviser’s services because the Adviser is responsible for coordinating services provided to a Fund by others.

The Boards’ consideration of each Proposed Agreement was informed by their most recent approval of the related Current Agreement, and, in the case of certain Funds, their discussion with the Adviser of the reasons for those Funds’ expense ratios in certain periods. The Directors also reviewed updated expense ratio information and, in some cases, discussed with the Adviser the reasons for the expense ratios of certain Funds. On the basis of this review, the Directors concluded that each Fund’s expense ratio was acceptable.

The Directors did not consider comparative expense information for the ACS Funds because those Funds do not bear ordinary expenses.

Economies of Scale

The Directors noted that the management fee schedules for certain Funds do not contain breakpoints and that they had discussed their strong preference for breakpoints in advisory contracts with the Adviser. The Directors took into consideration prior presentations by an independent consultant on economies of scale in the mutual fund industry and for the Funds, and by the Adviser concerning certain of its views on economies of scale. The Directors also had requested and received from the Adviser certain updates on economies of scale in advance of the Board meeting. The Directors believe that economies of scale may be realized (if at all) by the Adviser across a variety of products and services, and not only in respect of a single fund. The Directors noted that there is no established methodology for setting breakpoints that give effect to the fund-specific services provided by a fund’s adviser and to the economies of scale that an adviser may realize in its overall mutual fund business or those components of it which directly or indirectly affect a fund’s operations. The Directors observed that in the mutual fund industry as a whole, as well as among funds similar to each Fund, there is no uniformity or pattern in the fees and asset levels at which breakpoints (if any) apply. The Directors also noted that the advisory agreements for many funds do not have breakpoints at all. The Directors informed the Adviser that they would monitor the asset levels of the Funds without breakpoints and their profitability to the Adviser and anticipated revisiting the question of breakpoints in the future if circumstances warrant doing so.

The Directors did not consider the extent to which fee levels in the Advisory Agreement for the ACS Funds reflect economies of scale because that Advisory Agreement does not provide for any compensation to be paid to the Adviser by the ACS Funds and the expense ratio of each of those Funds is zero.

Interim Advisory Agreements

In approving the Interim Advisory Agreements, the Boards, with the assistance of independent counsel, considered similar factors to those considered in approving the Proposed Agreements. The Interim Advisory Agreements approved by the Boards are identical to the Proposed Agreements, as well as the Current Agreements, in all material respects except for their proposed effective and termination dates and provisions intended to comply with the requirements of the relevant SEC rule, such as provisions requiring escrow of advisory fees. Under the Interim Advisory Agreements, the Adviser would continue to manage a Fund pursuant to an Interim Advisory Agreement until a new advisory agreement was approved by stockholders or until the end of the 150-day period, whichever would occur earlier. All fees earned by the Adviser under an Interim Advisory Agreement would be held in escrow pending shareholder approval of the Proposed Agreement. Upon approval of a new advisory agreement by stockholders, the escrowed management fees would be paid to the Adviser, and the Interim Advisory Agreement would terminate.

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     31  


Information Regarding the Review and Approval of the Fund’s Current Advisory Agreement

The disinterested directors (the “directors”) of AB Institutional Funds, Inc. (the “Company”) unanimously approved the continuance of the Company’s Advisory Agreement with the Adviser in respect of AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II (the “Fund”) at a meeting held on May 1-3, 2018 (the “Meeting”).

Prior to approval of the continuance of the Advisory Agreement, the directors had requested from the Adviser, and received and evaluated, extensive materials. They reviewed the proposed continuance of the Advisory Agreement with the Adviser and with experienced counsel who are independent of the Adviser, who advised on the relevant legal standards. The directors also reviewed additional materials, including materials from an outside consultant, who acted as their independent fee consultant, and comparative analytical data prepared by the Senior Analyst for the Fund. The directors also discussed the proposed continuance in private sessions with counsel.

The directors considered their knowledge of the nature and quality of the services provided by the Adviser to the Fund gained from their experience as directors or trustees of most of the registered investment companies advised by the Adviser, their overall confidence in the Adviser’s integrity and competence they have gained from that experience, the Adviser’s initiative in identifying and raising potential issues with the directors and its responsiveness, frankness and attention to concerns raised by the directors in the past, including the Adviser’s willingness to consider and implement organizational and operational changes designed to improve investment results and the services provided to the AB Funds. The directors noted that they have four regular meetings each year, at each of which they review extensive materials and information from the Adviser, including information on the investment performance of the Fund.

The directors also considered all factors they believed relevant, including the specific matters discussed below. During the course of their deliberations, the directors evaluated, among other things, the reasonableness of the advisory fee. The directors did not identify any particular information that was all-important or controlling, and different directors may have attributed different weights to the various factors. The directors determined that the selection of the Adviser to manage the Fund and the overall arrangements between the Fund and the Adviser, as provided in the Advisory Agreement, including the advisory fee, were fair and reasonable in light of the services performed, expenses incurred and such other matters as the directors considered relevant in the exercise of their business judgment. The material factors and conclusions that formed the basis for the directors’ determinations included the following:

Nature, Extent and Quality of Services Provided

The directors considered the scope and quality of services provided by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement, including the quality of the investment research capabilities of the Adviser and the other resources it has dedicated to performing services for the Fund. The directors noted that the Adviser from time to time reviews the Fund’s investment strategies and from time to time proposes changes intended to improve the Fund’s relative or absolute performance for the directors’ consideration. They also noted the professional experience and qualifications of the Fund’s portfolio management team and other senior personnel of the Adviser. The directors also considered that the Advisory Agreement provides that the Fund will reimburse the Adviser for the cost to it of providing certain clerical, accounting, administrative and other services to the Fund by employees of the Adviser or its affiliates. Requests for these reimbursements are made on a quarterly basis and subject to approval by the directors. Reimbursements, to the extent requested and paid, result in a higher rate of total compensation from the Fund to the Adviser than the fee rate stated in the Advisory Agreement. The directors noted that the methodology used to determine the reimbursement amounts had been reviewed by an independent consultant retained by the Company’s former Independent Compliance Officer. The quality of administrative and other services, including the Adviser’s role in coordinating the activities of the Fund’s other service providers, also was considered. The directors concluded that, overall, they were satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of services provided to the Fund under the Advisory Agreement.

Costs of Services Provided and Profitability

The directors reviewed a schedule of the revenues and expenses and related notes indicating the profitability of the Fund to the Adviser for calendar years 2016 and 2017 that had been prepared with an expense allocation methodology arrived at in consultation with an independent consultant retained by the Company’s former Independent Compliance Officer. The directors noted the assumptions and methods of allocation used by the Adviser in preparing fund-specific profitability data and understood that there are a number of potentially acceptable allocation methodologies for

 

   
32   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


information of this type. The directors noted that the profitability information reflected all revenues and expenses of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund, including those relating to its subsidiaries that provide transfer agency, distribution and brokerage services to the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of the profitability of the Advisory Agreement with the profitability of advisory contracts for unaffiliated funds because comparative information is not generally publicly available and is affected by numerous factors. The directors focused on the profitability of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund before taxes and distribution expenses. The directors concluded that the Adviser’s level of profitability from its relationship with the Fund was not unreasonable.

Fall-Out Benefits

The directors considered the other benefits to the Adviser and its affiliates from their relationships with the Fund, including, but not limited to, benefits relating to soft dollar arrangements (whereby investment advisers receive brokerage and research services from brokers that execute agency transactions for their clients); brokerage commissions paid by the Fund to brokers affiliated with the Adviser; and transfer agency fees paid by the Fund to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser. The directors recognized that the Adviser’s profitability would be somewhat lower without these benefits. The directors understood that the Adviser also might derive reputational and other benefits from its association with the Fund.

Investment Results

In addition to the information reviewed by the directors in connection with the Meeting, the directors receive detailed performance information for the Fund at each regular Board meeting during the year.

At the Meeting, the directors reviewed performance information prepared by an analytical service that is not affiliated with the Adviser (the “15(c) service provider”), showing the performance of the Class I Shares of the Fund against a group of similar funds (“peer group”) and a larger group of similar funds (“peer universe”), each selected by the 15(c) service provider, and information prepared by the Adviser showing performance of the Class I Shares against a broad-based securities market index, in each case for the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods ended February 28, 2018 and (in the case of comparisons with the broad-based securities market index) for the period from inception. Based on their review, the directors concluded that the Fund’s investment performance was acceptable.

Advisory Fees and Other Expenses

The directors considered the advisory fee rate payable by the Fund to the Adviser and information prepared by the 15(c) service provider concerning advisory fee rates payable by other funds in the same category as the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of advisory fees because there are variations in the services that are included in the fees paid by other funds. The directors compared the Fund’s contractual effective advisory fee rate with a peer group median and took into account the impact on the advisory fee rate of the administrative expense reimbursement paid to the Adviser in the latest fiscal year.

The directors also considered the Adviser’s fee schedule for other clients pursuing a similar investment style. For this purpose, they reviewed the relevant advisory fee information from the Adviser’s Form ADV and the materials from the Fund’s Senior Analyst and noted the differences between the Fund’s fee schedule, on the one hand, and the Adviser’s institutional fee schedule and the schedule of fees charged by the Adviser to any offshore funds and any sub-advised funds, on the other. The directors noted that the Adviser may, in some cases, agree to fee rates with large institutional clients that are lower than those reviewed by the directors and that they had previously discussed with the Adviser its policies in respect of such arrangements. The directors also compared the advisory fee rate for the Fund with that for another AB Fund with a similar investment style.

The Adviser reviewed with the directors the significantly greater scope of the services it provides to the Fund relative to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients. In this regard, the Adviser noted, among other things, that, compared to institutional and offshore accounts, the Fund (i) demands considerably more portfolio management, research and trading resources due to significantly higher daily cash flows; (ii) has more tax and regulatory restrictions; (iii) must prepare and distribute regulatory and other communications about fund operations; and (iv) must provide shareholder servicing to retail investors. The Adviser also reviewed the greater legal risks presented by the large and changing population of Fund shareholders who may assert claims against the Adviser in individual or class actions, and the greater

 

   
2019 Semi-Annual Report     33  


entrepreneurial risk in offering new fund products, which require substantial investment to launch, may not succeed, and generally must be priced to compete with larger, more established funds resulting in lack of profitability to the Adviser until a new fund achieves scale. In light of the substantial differences in services rendered by the Adviser to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients as compared to funds such as the Fund, and the different risk profile, the directors considered these fee comparisons inapt and did not place significant weight on them in their deliberations.

The directors also considered the total expense ratio of the Class I shares of the Fund in comparison to a peer group and a peer universe selected by the 15(c) service provider. The Class I expense ratio of the Fund was based on the Fund’s latest fiscal year. The directors noted that it was likely that the expense ratios of some of the other funds in the Fund’s category were lowered by waivers or reimbursements by those funds’ investment advisers, which in some cases might be voluntary or temporary. The directors view expense ratio information as relevant to their evaluation of the Adviser’s services because the Adviser is responsible for coordinating services provided to the Fund by others. Based on their review, the directors concluded that the Fund’s expense ratio was acceptable.

Economies of Scale

The directors noted that the advisory fee schedule for the Fund contains breakpoints that reduce the fee rates on assets above specified levels. The directors took into consideration prior presentations by an independent consultant on economies of scale in the mutual fund industry and for the AB Funds, and by the Adviser concerning certain of its views on economies of scale. The directors also had requested and received from the Adviser certain updates on economies of scale in advance of the Meeting. The directors believe that economies of scale may be realized (if at all) by the Adviser across a variety of products and services, and not only in respect of a single fund. The directors noted that there is no established methodology for setting breakpoints that give effect to the fund-specific services provided by a fund’s adviser and to the economies of scale that an adviser may realize in its overall mutual fund business or those components of it which directly or indirectly affect a fund’s operations. The directors observed that in the mutual fund industry as a whole, as well as among funds similar to the Fund, there is no uniformity or pattern in the fees and asset levels at which breakpoints (if any) apply. The directors also noted that the advisory agreements for many funds do not have breakpoints at all. Having taken these factors into account, the directors concluded that the Fund’s shareholders would benefit from a sharing of economies of scale in the event the Fund’s net assets exceed a breakpoint in the future.

 

   
34   AB Global Real Estate Investment Fund II


 

 

 

 

 

LOGO

Distributor

AB GLOBAL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT FUND II, INC.

1345 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10105

(212) 756-4097

BIREIT-0152-0419


ITEM 2. CODE OF ETHICS.

Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.

ITEM 3. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT.

Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.

ITEM 4. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.

Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.

ITEM 5. AUDIT COMMITTEE OF LISTED REGISTRANTS.

Not applicable to the registrant.

ITEM 6. SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS.

Please see Schedule of Investments contained in the Report to Shareholders included under Item 1 of this Form N-CSR.

ITEM 7. DISCLOSURE OF PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.

Not applicable to the registrant.

ITEM 8. PORTFOLIO MANAGERS OF CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.

Not applicable to the registrant.

ITEM 9. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANY AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS.

Not applicable to the registrant.

ITEM 10. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.

There have been no material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the Fund’s Board of Directors since the Fund last provided disclosure in response to this item.


ITEM 11. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

(a) The registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-2(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) are effective at the reasonable assurance level based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this document.

(b) There were no changes in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the second fiscal quarter of the period that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

ITEM 12.

EXHIBITS.

The following exhibits are attached to this Form N-CSR:

 

EXHIBIT NO.

  

DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT

12 (b) (1)    Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
12 (b) (2)    Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
12 (c)    Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

(Registrant): AB Institutional Funds, Inc.

 

By:  

/s/ Robert M. Keith

  Robert M. Keith
  President
Date:   June 26, 2019

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

By:  

/s/ Robert M. Keith

  Robert M. Keith
  President
Date:   June 26, 2019
By:  

/s/ Joseph J. Mantineo

  Joseph J. Mantineo
  Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
Date:   June 26, 2019