<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

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    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2025-07-01</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>1</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001018399</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>ENTERPRISE BANCORP INC /MA/</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>EBTC</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001462703</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Larochelle Steven R</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>C/O ENTERPRISE BANCORP, INC.</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>222 MERRIMACK STREET</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>LOWELL</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>MA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>01852</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>1</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>1</isOfficer>
            <officerTitle>CEO</officerTitle>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <aff10b5One>0</aff10b5One>

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                <value>Common Stock</value>
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            </transactionDate>
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                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>F</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>5372</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>39.64</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
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                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
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            <ownershipNature>
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                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
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                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
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    </nonDerivativeTable>

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                <value>Option (Right to Buy)</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
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            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2025-07-01</value>
            </transactionDate>
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            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
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                    <value>571</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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            <exerciseDate>
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            </exerciseDate>
            <expirationDate>
                <value>2026-03-14</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>571</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
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            <securityTitle>
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            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
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            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
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            </transactionDate>
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                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
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            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
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                <transactionPricePerShare>
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                </transactionPricePerShare>
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            <exerciseDate>
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            <expirationDate>
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            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
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                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
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        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Option (Right to Buy)</value>
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            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
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                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
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            <exerciseDate>
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            <expirationDate>
                <value>2028-03-20</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>375</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
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                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>0</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
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            <ownershipNature>
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                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </derivativeTransaction>
        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Option (Right to Buy)</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <value>29.84</value>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2025-07-01</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>D</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
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            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>519</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
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                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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            <exerciseDate>
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            <expirationDate>
                <value>2029-03-19</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>519</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>0</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
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        </derivativeTransaction>
        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Option (Right to Buy)</value>
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            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
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            <transactionDate>
                <value>2025-07-01</value>
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                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
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            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
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                <transactionPricePerShare>
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            <exerciseDate>
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            <expirationDate>
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            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
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        </derivativeTransaction>
        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Stock Option (Right to Buy)</value>
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            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <value>32.73</value>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2025-07-01</value>
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                <transactionCode>D</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
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            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>376</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
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                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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            <exerciseDate>
                <footnoteId id="F3"/>
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            <expirationDate>
                <value>2031-03-15</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>376</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
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                    <value>0</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
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            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
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        </derivativeTransaction>
        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Stock Option (Right to Buy)</value>
            </securityTitle>
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                <value>38.58</value>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2025-07-01</value>
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                <transactionShares>
                    <value>391</value>
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                <transactionPricePerShare>
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            <expirationDate>
                <value>2032-03-14</value>
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            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
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                </underlyingSecurityShares>
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        </derivativeTransaction>
    </derivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">In accordance with the Merger Agreement, all unvested shares of restricted stock automatically vested in full at the Effective Time (as defined in the Merger Agreement) to the extent not previously forfeited, and was considered outstanding shares of Enterprise common entitled to receive the Merger Consideration (as defined in the Merger Agreement).</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">Pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 8, 2024 (the &quot;Merger Agreement&quot;), by and among Enterprise Bancorp, Inc. (&quot;Enterprise&quot;), Enterprise Bank and Trust Company, Independent Bank Corp. (&quot;Independent&quot;) and Rockland Trust Company, each issued and outstanding share of Enterprise common stock was converted into the right to receive (i) $2.00 in cash and (ii) 0.60 shares of Independent common stock (subject to the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares).</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">In accordance with the Merger Agreement, each option to purchase Issuer common stock, whether vested or unvested, automatically converted to the right to receive a cash payment equal to (i) the number of shares of Enterprise common stock provided for in such option and (ii) the excess, if any, of the Per Share Cash Equivalent Consideration (as defined in the Merger Agreement) over the exercise price per share of Enterprise common stock provided for in such option, which cash payment was made without interest and was net of all applicable withholding taxes.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Joseph R. Lussier as attorney-in-fact for Steven R. Larochelle</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2025-07-01</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
