Restructuring Costs

During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring costs totaling $112 million for new and ongoing restructuring actions. We recorded charges in the segments as follows:



(dollars in millions)
Otis	$	25
Carrier	33
Pratt & Whitney	14
Collins Aerospace Systems	39
Eliminations and other	1
Total	$	112

Restructuring charges incurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2019 primarily relate to actions initiated during 2019 and 2018, and were recorded as follows:



(dollars in millions)
Cost of sales	$	56
Selling, general and administrative	56
Total	$	112

2019 Actions. During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring costs of $73 million, comprised of $28 million in cost of sales and $45 million in selling, general and administrative expenses. The 2019 actions relate to ongoing cost reduction efforts, including workforce reductions and the consolidation of field and manufacturing operations.

We are targeting to complete the majority of the remaining workforce and facility related cost reduction actions during 2019 and 2020. No specific plans for other significant actions have been finalized at this time. The following table summarizes the accrual balance and utilization for the 2019 restructuring actions for the quarter ended March 31, 2019:



(dollars in millions)	Severance			Facility Exit, Lease Termination and Other Costs		Total
Net pre-tax restructuring costs	$	68		$	5	$	73
Utilization, foreign exchange and other costs	(15		)	10		(5		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	53		$	15	$	68

The following table summarizes expected, incurred and remaining costs for the 2019 restructuring actions by segment:



(dollars in millions)	Expected Costs		Costs Incurred Quarter Ended March 31, 2019			Remaining Costs at March 31, 2019
Otis	$	27	$	(19	)	$	8
Carrier	40		(25		)	15
Pratt & Whitney	14		(14		)	—
Collins Aerospace Systems	22		(14		)	8
Eliminations and other	1		(1		)	—
Total	$	104	$	(73	)	$	31

2018 Actions. During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring costs totaling $23 million for restructuring actions initiated in 2018, including $16 million in cost of sales and $7 million in selling, general and administrative expenses. The 2018 actions relate to ongoing cost reduction efforts, including workforce reductions, consolidation of field and manufacturing operations, and costs to exit legacy programs. The following table summarizes the accrual balances and utilization for the 2018 restructuring actions for the quarter ended March 31, 2019:



(dollars in millions)	Severance			Facility Exit, Lease Termination and Other Costs			Total
Restructuring accruals at December 31, 2018	$	115		$	23		$	138
Net pre-tax restructuring costs	21			2			23
Utilization, foreign exchange and other costs	(74		)	(16		)	(90		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	62		$	9		$	71

The following table summarizes expected, incurred and remaining costs for the 2018 restructuring actions by segment:



(dollars in millions)	Expected Costs		Costs Incurred in 2018			Costs Incurred Quarter Ended March 31, 2019			Remaining Costs at March 31, 2019
Otis	$	58	$	(48	)	$	(5	)	$	5
Carrier	107		(64		)	(7		)	36
Pratt & Whitney	3		(3		)	—			—
Collins Aerospace Systems	113		(87		)	(11		)	15
Eliminations and other	5		(5		)	—			—
Total	$	286	$	(207	)	$	(23	)	$	56

2017 and Prior Actions. During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring costs totaling $16 million for restructuring actions initiated in 2017 and prior. As of March 31, 2019, we have approximately $103 million of accrual balances remaining related to 2017 and prior actions.