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Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Accounting Policies
Note 2. Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Accounting

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all information and disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States (“U.S.”), and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).  Therefore, this information should be read in conjunction with Janus Resources, Inc. financial statements and notes contained in its 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The information furnished herein reflects all adjustment that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair statement of the results for the interim periods reported.  All such adjustments are, in the opinion of management, of a normal recurring nature.  Operating results for the nine month period ended September 30, 2011, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2011.

In preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company has evaluated information about subsequent events that became available to them through the date the financial statements were issued. This information relates to events, transactions or changes in circumstances that would require us to adjust the amounts reported in the financial statements or to disclose information about those events, transactions or changes in circumstances.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Fostung Resources, Ltd (“Fostung”).  Collectively, they are referred to herein as “the Company”. Significant intra-entity accounts and transactions have been eliminated.  Fostung Resources, Ltd. was incorporated on May 10, 2011 in Ontario, Canada.

The Company accounts for its undivided interest in oil and gas properties using the proportionate consolidation method, whereby its share of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses are included in its financial statements.

Applicable Accounting Guidance

Any reference in these notes to applicable accounting guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative non-governmental United States GAAP as found in the Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC").

Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management’s judgments and estimates in these areas are based on information available from both internal and external sources, including engineers, geologists, consultants and historical experience in similar matters. The more significant reporting areas impacted by management’s judgments and estimates are accruals related to oil and gas sales and expenses; estimates used in the impairment of oil and gas properties; and the estimated future timing and cost of asset retirement obligations.


Actual results could differ from the estimates as additional information becomes known. The carrying values of oil and gas properties are particularly susceptible to change in the near term. Changes in the future estimated oil and gas reserves or the estimated future cash flows attributable to the reserves that are utilized for impairment analysis could have a significant impact on the future results of operations.

Full Cost Method of Accounting for Oil and Gas Properties

The Company has elected to utilize the full cost method of accounting for its oil and gas activities. In accordance with the full cost method of accounting, all costs associated with acquisition, exploration, and development of oil and gas reserves, including directly related overhead costs and related asset retirement costs, are capitalized.

All capitalized costs of oil and gas properties, including the estimated future costs to develop proved reserves, are amortized on the unit-of-production method using estimates of proved reserves once proved reserves are determined to exist. The Company has not yet obtained reserve reports. Management is assessing production data to determine the feasibility of obtaining reserves studies. At September 30, 2011, there were no capitalized costs subject to amortization.

Oil and gas properties without estimated proved reserves are not amortized until proved reserves associated with the properties can be determined or until impairment occurs. As a result of management’s impairment analysis, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $2,934 and $19,621 during the nine month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The impairment is similar to amortization and therefore is not added to the costs of properties being amortized. See “Note 6. Fair Value Measurement” for further information.

Sales of oil and gas properties are accounted for as adjustments of capitalized costs with no gain or loss recognized, unless such adjustments would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves of oil and gas, in which case the gain or loss is recognized in income. The Company has not sold any oil and gas properties.

Full Cost Ceiling Test

At the end of each quarterly reporting period, the unamortized costs of oil and gas properties are subject to a “ceiling test” which basically limits capitalized costs to the sum of the estimated future net revenues from proved reserves, discounted at 10% per annum to present value, based on current economic and operating conditions, adjusted for related income tax effects.

Asset Retirement Obligation

The Company accounts for its future asset retirement obligations by recording the fair value of the liability during the period in which it was incurred. The associated asset retirement costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. The increase in carrying value of a property associated with the capitalization of an asset retirement obligation is included in proven oil and gas properties in the balance sheets. The Company’s asset retirement obligation consists of costs related to the plugging of wells, removal of facilities and equipment and site restoration on its oil and gas properties. The asset retirement liability is allocated to operating expense using a systematic and rational method. Asset retirement obligations amounted to $54,596 and $52,558 at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

Mineral Properties and Explorations Costs

The Company accounts for its mineral properties on a cost basis whereby all direct costs, net of pre-production revenue, relative to the acquisition of the properties are capitalized.  All sales received are first credited against the costs of the related property, with any excess credited to earnings. Once commercial production has commenced, the net costs of the applicable property will be charged to operations using the unit-of-production method based on estimated proven and probable recoverable reserves. The net costs related to abandoned properties are charged to operations.

Exploration costs are charged to operations as incurred until such time that proven reserves are discovered. From that time forward, the Company will capitalize all costs to the extent that future cash flow from mineral reserves equals or exceeds the costs deferred. The deferred costs will be amortized over the recoverable reserves when a property reaches commercial production.

The Company reviews the carrying values of its mineral properties on a regular basis by reference to the project economics including the timing of the exploration and/or development work, the work programs and the exploration results experienced by the Company and others. The review of the carrying value of any producing property will be made by reference to the estimated future operating results and net cash flows. When the carrying value of a property exceeds its estimated net recoverable amount, provision is made for the decline in value.

The recoverability of the amounts recorded for mineral properties is dependent on the confirmation of economically recoverable reserves, confirmation of the Company’s interest in the underlying mineral claims, the ability of the Company to obtain the necessary financing to successfully complete their development and the attainment of future profitable operations or proceeds from disposition.

 
Estimated costs related to site restoration programs during the commercial development stage of the property are accrued over the life of the project.

Warrant Liability Derivative

The Company evaluates financial instruments for freestanding or embedded derivatives. As part of the July 2008 financing, the Company issued warrants that did not meet the specific conditions for equity classification. The Company is required to classify the fair value of the warrants issued as a liability, with subsequent changes in fair value recorded as income (loss). The fair value of the warrants will continue to be classified as a liability until the warrants are exercised, expire or are amended in a way that would no longer require classification as a liability.

Oil and Gas Revenues

The Company recognizes oil and gas revenues when oil and gas production is sold to a purchaser at a fixed or determinable price, when delivery has occurred and title has transferred, and if collectability of the revenue is probable. Delivery occurs and title is transferred when production has been delivered to a purchaser’s pipeline or truck. As a result of the numerous requirements necessary to gather information from purchasers or various measurement locations, calculate volumes produced, perform field and wellhead allocations, distribute and disburse funds to various working interest partners and royalty owners, the collection of revenues from oil and gas production may take up to 45 days following the month of production. Therefore, the Company may make accruals for revenues and accounts receivable based on estimates of its share of production. Since the settlement process may take 30 to 60 days following the month of actual production, its financial results may include estimates of production and revenues for the related time period. The Company will record any differences between the actual amounts ultimately received and the original estimates in the period they become finalized.

Foreign Currency Translation

For operations outside of the U.S. that prepare financial statements in currencies other than U.S. dollars, the Company translates the financial statements into U.S. dollars.  Results of operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the period, and assets and liabilities are translated at end of period exchange rates, except for equity transactions and advances not expected to be repaid in the foreseeable future, which are translated at historical costs.  The effects of exchange rate fluctuations on translating foreign currency assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars are accumulated as a separate component in other comprehensive income (loss).

Comprehensive income

The Company displays comprehensive income (loss) and its components as part of the consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity.  Comprehensive income (loss) is as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010:

   
Three Months Ended September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                         
Net income (loss) for the period
  $ 1,169,217     $ 995,813     $ 3,792,151     $ 851,463  
Foreign currency translation adjustments
    (30,572 )     -       (38,582 )     -  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
  $ 1,138,645     $ 995,813     $ 3,753,569     $ 851,463  

Accumulated other comprehensive income consists entirely of foreign currency translation adjustments at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The computation of basic net income (loss) per common share is based on the weighted average number of shares that were outstanding during the year. The computation of diluted net income (loss) per common share is based on the weighted average number of shares used in the basic net income (loss) per share calculation plus the number of common shares that would be issued assuming the exercise of all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding using the treasury stock method for shares subject to stock options and warrants. See “Note 3. Earnings (Loss) Per Share” for further discussion.


Related Party Transactions

A related party is generally defined as (i) any person who holds 10% or more of the Company’s securities and their immediate families, (ii) the Company’s management, (iii) someone who directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Company, or (iv) anyone who can significantly influence the financial and operating decisions of the Company. A transaction is considered to be a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties. See “Note 9. Related Party Transactions” for further discussion.

Concentration of Risk

Financial instruments that subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, and accounts receivable. The Company occasionally has cash deposits in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses related to these balances, and management believes its credit risk to be minimal. Accounts receivable are with the operators of the oil wells in which the Company participates. Given the close working relationship between the operators and the Company, management believes its credit risk is minimal.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in on orderly transaction between market participants. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of maturity of the instruments. See Note 6 for further discussion on fair value of financial instruments.

Recent and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting guidance is issued by FASB that the Company adopts as of the specified effective date. If not discussed, management believes that the impact of recently issued standards, which are not yet effective, will not have a material impact on our financial statements upon adoption.

In June 2011, the FASB updated its guidance to make the presentation of comprehensive income more prominent in financial statements. The updated guidance requires companies to present net income, items of other comprehensive income and total comprehensive income in one continuous statement or two separate but consecutive statements. Presentation in the statement of stockholders’ equity will no longer be permitted. These updates will become effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning in 2012, with early adoption permitted. The Company is still in the process of evaluating the manner in which it will implement this guidance.