10-Q 1 rvb_10q0331.htm FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 rvb_10q0331.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
(MARK ONE)
 

x  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008
 
OR
 
¨  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

Commission file number: 0-21765
 
RIVER VALLEY BANCORP
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Indiana
 
35-1984567
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
430 Clifty Drive
Madison, Indiana
 
47250
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

(812) 273-4949
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
[None]
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
Yes  x          No  ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check One):
 
Large Accelerated Filer ¨
Accelerated Filer ¨
Non-Accelerated Filer ¨
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller Reporting Company x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 
Yes  ¨          No  x
 
The number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock, without par value, outstanding as of May 14, 2008 was 1,635,281.

 

 

RIVER VALLEY BANCORP
 
FORM 10-Q
 
INDEX

   
Page No.
   
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
3
Item 1.
Financial Statements
3
 
Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets
3
 
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income
4
 
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income
5
 
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
6
 
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements
7
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
12
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk
16
Item 4T.
Controls and Procedures
16
   
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
16
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
16
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
16
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
16
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
16
Item 5.
Other Information
16
Item 6.
Exhibits
17
   
SIGNATURES
18
   
EXHIBIT INDEX
19
 


 
2

 

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
RIVER VALLEY BANCORP
Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets
 
   
March 31, 2008
(Unaudited)
   
December 31, 2007
 
   
(In Thousands, Except Share Amounts)
 
Assets
           
Cash and due from banks
  $ 5,261     $ 5,131  
Interest-bearing demand deposits
    3,600       3,006  
Cash and cash equivalents
    8,861       8,137  
Investment securities available for sale
    55,408       58,999  
Loans held for sale
    376       312  
Loans
    263,479       260,836  
Allowance for loan losses
    (2,355 )     (2,208 )
Net loans
    261,124       258,628  
Premises and equipment
    7,610       7,631  
Real estate, held for sale
    205       184  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    4,750       4,750  
Interest receivable
    1,948       2,396  
Cash value of life insurance
    7,630       7,552  
Other assets
    1,141       1,472  
Total assets
  $ 349,053     $ 350,061  
                 
Liabilities
               
Deposits
               
Non-interest-bearing
  $ 20,516     $ 18,619  
Interest-bearing
    199,522       201,063  
Total deposits
    220,038       219,682  
Borrowings
    99,644       102,217  
Interest payable
    871       724  
Other liabilities
    2,195       1,761  
Total liabilities
    322,748       324,384  
                 
Commitments and Contingencies
               
                 
Shareholders’ Equity
               
Preferred stock, no par value
               
Authorized and unissued - 2,000,000 shares
               
Common stock, no par value
               
Authorized - 5,000,000 shares
               
Issued and outstanding – 1,635,281and 1,634,931 shares
    9,168       9,160  
Retained earnings
    16,508       16,237  
Accumulated other comprehensive gains
    629       280  
Total shareholders’ equity
    26,305       25,677  
                 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 349,053     $ 350,061  
 
 
 
See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.

 
3

 

RIVER VALLEY BANCORP
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(In Thousands, Except Share Amounts)
 
Interest Income
           
Loans receivable
  $ 4,389     $ 4,176  
Investment securities
    638       659  
Interest-earning deposits and other
    134       123  
Total interest income
    5,161       4,958  
                 
Interest Expense
               
Deposits
    1,698       1,859  
Borrowings
    1,228       1,150  
Total interest expense
    2,926       3,009  
                 
Net Interest Income
    2,235       1,949  
Provision for loan losses
    200       48  
Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses
    2,035       1,901  
                 
Other Income
               
Service fees and charges
    478       503  
Net realized gains (losses) on sale of available-for-sale securities
    30       (22 )
Net gains on loan sales
    102       28  
Interchange fee income
    64       38  
Increase in cash value of life insurance
    78       60  
Trust operations income
    55       71  
Other income
    40       28  
Total other income
    847       706  
                 
Other Expenses
               
Salaries and employee benefits
    1,106       1,022  
Net occupancy and equipment expenses
    330       286  
Data processing fees
    96       57  
Advertising
    78       68  
Legal and professional fees
    97       95  
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights
    53       81  
Other expenses
    286       261  
Total other expenses
    2,046       1,870  
                 
Income Before Income Tax
    836       737  
Income tax expense
    221       204  
                 
Net Income
  $ 615     $ 533  
                 
Basic earnings per share
  $ .38     $ .33  
Diluted earnings per share
    .37       .32  
Dividends per share
    .21       .20  
 
 
 
See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.

 
4

 

 
RIVER VALLEY BANCORP
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)

   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
             
Net income
  $ 615     $ 533  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
               
Unrealized gains on securities available for sale
               
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period, net of tax expense of $198 and $38
    368       72  
                 
Less:  Reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in net income, net of tax expense (benefit) of $12 and $(9)
    19       (13 )
      349       85  
Comprehensive income
  $ 964     $ 618  
 

 

 
See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.

 
5

 

RIVER VALLEY BANCORP
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(In Thousands)
 
Operating Activities
           
Net income
  $ 615     $ 533  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
               
Provision for loan losses
    200       48  
Depreciation and amortization
    159       143  
Investment securities (gains)losses
    (30 )     22  
Loans originated for sale in the secondary market
    (4,946 )     (1,722 )
Proceeds from sale of loans in the secondary market
    4,933       1,733  
Gain on sale of loans
    (102 )     (28 )
Amortization of net loan origination cost
    34       38  
Employee Stock Ownership Plan compensation
    ---       44  
Net change in:
               
Interest receivable
    448       208  
Interest payable
    146       (4 )
Other adjustments
    523       (3 )
Net cash provided by operating activities
    1,980       1,012  
                 
Investing Activities
               
Purchases of securities available for sale
    (12,070 )     (1,971 )
Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale
    11,260       1,000  
Proceeds from sale of securities available for sale
    4,975       5,916  
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    0       (150 )
Net change in loans
    (2,751 )     (1,554 )
Purchases of premises and equipment
    (144 )     (131 )
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment
    ---       ---  
Other investing activities
    ---       1  
Net cash provided by investing activities
    1,270       3,111  
                 
Financing Activities
               
Net change in
               
Non-interest bearing, interest-bearing demand and savings deposits
    (25,095 )     (4,705 )
Certificates of deposit
    25,451       2,001  
Short term borrowings
    427       ---  
Proceeds from borrowings
    5,000       12,000  
Repayment of borrowings
    (8,000 )     (13,000 )
Cash dividends
    (343 )     (324 )
Excess tax benefit on stock options exercised
    ---       8  
Stock options exercised
    2       22  
Purchase of stock
    ---       (183 )
Advances by borrowers for taxes and insurance
    32       54  
Net cash used in financing activities
    (2,526 )     (4,127 )
                 
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    724       (4 )
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
    8,137       11,808  
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
  $ 8,861     $ 11,804  
Additional Cash Flows and Supplementary Information
               
Interest paid
  $ 2,779     $ 3,013  
Income tax paid
    25       0  
 
 
See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.

 
6

 


 
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements
 
River Valley Bancorp (the “Corporation” or the “Company”) is a unitary savings and loan holding company whose activities are primarily limited to holding the stock of River Valley Financial Bank (“River Valley” or the “Bank”). The Bank conducts a general banking business in southeastern Indiana which consists of attracting deposits from the general public and applying those funds to the origination of loans for consumer, residential and commercial purposes. River Valley’s profitability is significantly dependent on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income generated from interest-earning assets (i.e. loans and investments) and the interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities (i.e. customer deposits and borrowed funds). Net interest income is affected by the relative amount of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the interest received or paid on these balances. The level of interest rates paid or received by the Bank can be significantly influenced by a number of competitive factors, such as governmental monetary policy, that are outside of management’s control.
 
NOTE 1: BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 
The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements were prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of the Corporation included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included. The results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2008, are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire year. The consolidated condensed balance sheet of the Corporation as of December 31, 2007 has been derived from the audited consolidated balance sheet of the Corporation as of that date.
 
NOTE 2: PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
 
The consolidated condensed financial statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its subsidiary, the Bank. The Bank currently owns four subsidiaries. Madison First Service Corporation, which was incorporated under the laws of the State of Indiana on July 3, 1973, currently holds land and cash but does not otherwise engage in significant business activities. RVFB Investments, Inc., RVFB Holdings, Inc., and RVFB Portfolio, LLC were established in Nevada the latter part of 2005. They hold and manage a significant portion of the Bank’s investment portfolio. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
 
NOTE 3: EARNINGS PER SHARE
 
Earnings per share have been computed based upon the weighted average common shares outstanding. Unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan shares have been excluded from the computation of average common shares outstanding.
 
 
7

 
 
     
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2008
 
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2007
     
Income
 
Weighted Average Shares
 
Per Share Amount
 
Income
 
Weighted Average Shares
 
Per Share Amount
 
  
 
(In Thousands, Except Share Amounts)
 
Basic earnings per share
                       
 
Income available to common shareholders
 
$
615
 
1,634,989
 
$
.38
 
$
533
 
1,614,802
 
$
.33
                                   
 
Effect of dilutive RRP awards and stock options
       
18,726
 
           
29,514
     
 
Diluted earnings per share
                               
 
Income available to common shareholders and assumed conversions
 
$
615
 
1,653,715
 
$
.37
 
$
533
 
1,644,316
 
$
.32
 

 
Options to purchase 5,000 shares of common stock at $22.25 per share were outstanding at March 31, 2008, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the option price was greater than the average market price of the common shares.
 
 
NOTE 4: CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE

Effective January 1, 2008, the Corporation  adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (FAS 157).  FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  FAS 157 has been applied prospectively as of the beginning of the period.
 
FAS 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  FAS 157 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.  The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
 
 
Level 1
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
 
 
Level 2
Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities
 
 
Level 3
Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities
 
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis and recognized in the accompanying balance sheet, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.
 

 
8

 

 
Available-for-sale Securities
 
Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy.  If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows.  Level 2 securities include collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage backed securities, federal agency securities and certain municipal securities.  In certain cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy and include corporate investments including trust preferred stock pools which are less liquid securities.
 
The following table presents the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recognized in the accompanying balance sheet measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the level within the FAS 157 fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at March 31, 2008 (In thousands).
 
           
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
     
Fair Value
   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
 
                           
 
Available-for-sale securities
    $  55,408       $  -0-       $  53,679      
$  1,729
 

 
The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of recurring fair value measurements recognized in the accompanying balance sheet using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs:
 
     
Available-For-Sale Securities
 
     
(In Thousands)
 
         
 
Beginning balance
  $ 888  
           
 
Total realized and unrealized gains and losses
       
 
Amortization included in net income
    -0-  
 
Unrealized gain (losses) included in other comprehensive income
    (61 )
 
Purchases, issuances and settlements including paydowns
    902  
 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
    -0-  
           
 
Ending balance
  $ 1,729  
           
 
Total gains or losses for the period included in net income attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses related to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date
  $ -0-  

 

 
9

 

Realized and unrealized gains and losses included in net income for the period from January 1, 2008, through March 31, 2008, are reported in the consolidated statements of income as follows (In Thousands):
 
     
Operating Income
   
Other Income (Expense)
 
               
 
Total gains and losses
   
$  -0-
      $  -0-  
 
Change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the balance sheet date
    $  -0-       $  -0-  
 

 
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair values on a non-recurring basis and recognized in the accompanying balance sheet, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.
 
The following table presents the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recognized in the accompanying balance sheet measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and the level within the FAS 157 fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at March 31, 2008 (In Thousands).
 
           
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
     
Fair Value
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
                           
 
Impaired loans
 
$
597    
$
-0-    
$
-0-    
$
597  
 
Mortgage Servicing Rights
 
$
51    
$
-0-    
$
-0-    
$
51  

 
Impaired Loans
 
Impaired loans are carried at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate, or the fair value of collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.  Loans are evaluated for impairment quarterly. During the first quarter of 2008, certain of these impaired loans were impaired for the first time, partially charged-off or re-evaluated, resulting in a remaining balance for these loans, net of specific allowance, of $597,000. This valuation would be considered Level 3.  Level 3 inputs for impaired loans included current and prior appraisals, discounting factors, the borrowers’ financial results and other considerations including expected cash flows.
 
 
Mortgage Servicing Rights
 
Mortgage servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value and are subsequently reported at amortized cost and periodically evaluated for impairment as described in (SFAS) No. 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets-an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140. New mortgage servicing rights recorded during the current accounting period are recorded at fair value and are disclosed as a nonrecurring measurement.
 
Mortgage servicing rights recorded as an asset and into income during the three months ended March 31, 2008 totaled $51,000. Mortgage servicing rights do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices.  Accordingly, fair values of new mortgage servicing rights are estimated using discounted cash flow models.  Due to the nature of the valuation inputs, recording initial mortgage servicing rights are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy.
 

 
10

 

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115,” which was effective for the Corporation on January 1, 2008.  The fair value option established by this Statement permits all entities to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. A business entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings (or another performance indicator if the business entity does not report earnings) at each subsequent reporting date.  The fair value option a) may be applied instrument by instrument, with a few exceptions, such as investments otherwise accounted for by the equity method; b) is irrevocable (unless a new election date occurs); and c) is applied only to entire instruments and not to portions of instruments.  Management did not elect the fair value option for any financial assets or liabilities.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” which replaces SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.”  This Statement retains the fundamental requirements in SFAS No. 141 that the acquisition method of accounting (formerly referred to as purchase method) is used for all business combinations and that an acquirer is identified for each business combination.  This Statement defines the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination and establishes the acquisition date as of the date that the acquirer achieves control.  This Statement requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values.  This Statement requires the acquirer to recognize acquisition-related costs and restructuring costs separately from the business combination as period expense. This statement requires that loans acquired in a purchase business combination be the present value of amounts to be received.  Valuation allowances should reflect only those losses incurred by the investor after acquisition.   This Statement is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008.  Management is currently in the process of determining what effect the provisions of this statement will have on the Corporation’s financial position or results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - an Amendment to ARB No. 51.”  This Statement establishes new accounting and reporting standards that require the ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity.  The Statement also requires the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income.  This Statement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008.  Management is currently in the process of determining what effect the provisions of this statement will have on the Corporation’s financial position or results of operations.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.”  This Statement changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities.  Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations, and c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.  This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008.  Management is currently in the process of determining what effect the provisions of this statement will have on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

 
11

 

 
NOTE 6:   RECLASSIFICATIONS
 
Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2007 consolidated condensed financial statements to conform to the March 31, 2008 presentation.
 
 
ITEM 2.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) contains statements which constitute forward looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements appear in a number of places in this Form 10-Q and include statements regarding the intent, belief, outlook, estimate or expectations of the Corporation (as defined in the notes to the consolidated condensed financial statements), its directors or its officers primarily with respect to future events and the future financial performance of the Corporation. Readers of this Form 10-Q are cautioned that any such forward looking statements are not guarantees of future events or performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those in the forward looking statements as a result of various factors. The accompanying information contained in this Form 10-Q identifies important factors that could cause such differences. These factors include changes in interest rates; loss of deposits and loan demand to other financial institutions; substantial changes in financial markets; changes in real estate values and the real estate market; or regulatory changes.
 
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
The notes to the consolidated financial statements contain a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies presented on pages 56 through 58 of the Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2007. Certain of these policies are important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition, since they require management to make difficult, complex or subjective judgments, some of which may relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. Management believes that its critical accounting policies include determining the allowance for loan losses and the valuation of mortgage servicing rights.
 
 
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
 
The allowance for loan losses is a significant estimate that can and does change based on management’s assumptions about specific borrowers and current general economic and business conditions, among other factors. Management reviews the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses on at least a quarterly basis. The evaluation by management includes consideration of past loss experience, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, the current condition and amount of loans outstanding, identified problem loans and the probability of collecting all amounts due.
 
The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of probable losses inherent in the Corporation’s loan portfolios. In determining the appropriate amount of the allowance for loan losses, management makes numerous assumptions, estimates and assessments.
 
The Corporation’s strategy for credit risk management includes conservative, centralized credit policies, and uniform underwriting criteria for all loans as well as an overall credit limit for each customer significantly below legal lending limits. The strategy also emphasizes diversification on a geographic, industry and customer level, regular credit quality reviews and quarterly management reviews of large credit exposures and loans experiencing deterioration of credit quality.
 
The Corporation’s allowance consists of three components: probable losses estimated from individual reviews of specific loans, probable losses estimated from historical loss rates, and probable losses resulting from economic or other deterioration above and beyond what is reflected in the first two components of the allowance.

 
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Larger commercial loans that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses are subject to individual review. Where appropriate, reserves are allocated to individual loans based on management’s estimate of the borrower’s ability to repay the loan given the availability of collateral, other sources of cash flow and legal options available to the Corporation. Included in the review of individual loans are those that are impaired as provided in SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. Any allowances for impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or fair value of the underlying collateral. The Corporation evaluates the collectibility of both principal and interest when assessing the need for a loss accrual. Historical loss rates are applied to other commercial loans not subject to specific reserve allocations.
 
Homogenous loans, such as consumer installment and residential mortgage loans are not individually risk graded. Rather, standard credit scoring systems are used to assess credit risks. Reserves are established for each pool of loans based on the expected net charge-offs for one year. Loss rates are based on the average net charge-off history by loan category.
 
Historical loss rates for commercial and consumer loans may be adjusted for significant factors that, in management’s judgment, reflect the impact of any current conditions on loss recognition. Factors which management considers in the analysis include the effects of the national and local economies, trends in the nature and volume of loans (delinquencies, charge-offs and non-accrual loans), changes in mix, credit score migration comparisons, asset quality trends, risk management and loan administration, changes in the internal lending policies and credit standards, collection practices and examination results from bank regulatory agencies and the Corporation’s internal loan review.
 
An unallocated reserve is maintained to recognize the imprecision in estimating and measuring loss when evaluating reserves for individual loans or pools of loans. Allowances on individual loans and historical loss rates are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as necessary based on changing borrower and/or collateral conditions and actual collection and charge-off experience.
 
The Corporation’s primary market area for lending is Clark, Floyd and Jefferson counties in southeastern Indiana and portions of northeastern Kentucky. When evaluating the adequacy of allowance, consideration is given to this regional geographic concentration and the closely associated effect changing economic conditions have on the Corporation’s customers.
 
The Corporation has not substantively changed any aspect to its overall approach in the determination of the allowance for loan losses. There have been no material changes in assumptions or estimation techniques as compared to prior periods that impacted the determination of the current period allowance.
 
 
VALUATION OF MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS
 
The Company recognizes the rights to service mortgage loans as separate assets in the consolidated balance sheet. The total cost of loans when sold is allocated between loans and mortgage servicing rights based on the relative fair values of each. Mortgage servicing rights are subsequently carried at the lower of the initial carrying value, adjusted for amortization, or fair value. Mortgage servicing rights are evaluated for impairment based on the fair value of those rights. Factors included in the calculation of fair value of the mortgage servicing rights include, estimating the present value of future net cash flows, market loan prepayment speeds for similar loans, discount rates, servicing costs, and other economic factors. Servicing rights are amortized over the estimated period of net servicing revenue. It is likely that these economic factors will change over the life of the mortgage servicing rights, resulting in different valuations of the mortgage servicing rights. The differing valuations will affect the carrying value of the mortgage servicing rights on the consolidated balance sheet as well as the income recorded from loan servicing in the income statement. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, mortgage servicing rights had carrying values of $282,000 and $284,000 respectively.

 
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FINANCIAL CONDITION
 
At March 31, 2008, the Corporation’s consolidated assets totaled $349.1 million, a slight decrease of $1.0 million, or .3% from December 31, 2007. The decrease in assets resulted primarily from decreases in the investment portfolio of $3.6 million, which funded increases in the loan portfolio of $2.6 million and other liquidity needs.  During the same period interest receivable on interest earning assets decreased by $448,000, or 18.7%, reflecting, in part, the drop in interest rates resulting from the January and March reduction of the Prime rate by the Federal Reserve.
 
The Corporation’s consolidated allowance for loan losses totaled $2.4 million and $2.2 million on March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, which represented .89% and .85% of total loans. Non-performing loans (defined as loans delinquent greater than 90 days and loans on non-accrual status) totaled $2.5 million and $1.8 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 respectively. The increase period to period was due almost entirely to the inclusion of one real estate secured loan of $565,000 added in March 2008.  Although management believes that its allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2008, was adequate based upon the available facts and circumstances, there can be no assurance that additions to such allowance will not be necessary in future periods, which could negatively affect the Corporation’s results of operations.  As a result of analysis of non-performing and classified loans, management increased the provision for loan losses to $200,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $48,000 for the same period in 2007.
 
Deposits totaled $220 million at March 31, 2008, a slight increase of $356,000, or .2%, compared to total deposits at December 31, 2007. During the three month period, transactional deposit accounts decreased $25.0 million while certificate of deposit accounts increased $25.5 million, with the difference accounting for the slight increase in deposits overall.
 
Borrowings totaled $99.6 million at March 31, 2008 versus $102.2 million on December 31, 2007. Of these totals, $92.0 million and $95.0 million respectively were FHLB Advances with average rates of 4.67% and 4.64%.  The Bank has experienced a slower drop in the overall cost of funds as a result of these longer term borrowing rates, which average about 1% over the highest paying certificate of deposit rate for the Bank.  In addition to the borrowings from the FHLB, at March 31, 2008 the Bank held repurchase agreements totaling $427,000.
 
Shareholders’ equity totaled $26.3 million at March 31, 2008, an increase of $628,000, or 2.4% from the $25.7 million at December 31, 2007.  Of this increase, $615,000 was income from operations, $343,000 was paid out in dividends to shareholders, and $349,000 was a result of additional unrealized gains on available for sale securities.
 
The Bank is required to maintain minimum regulatory capital pursuant to federal regulations. At March 31, 2008, the Bank’s regulatory capital exceeded all applicable regulatory capital requirements.
 
 
COMPARISON OF OPERATING RESULTS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 AND 2007
 
GENERAL
 
The Corporation’s net income for the three months ended March 31, 2008, totaled $615,000, an increase of $82,000 or 15.5% from the $533,000 reported for the period ended March 31, 2007. The Corporation experienced several positive events that contributed to this increase including, but not limited to, a widening of the spread between interest earned and interest expensed, an upturn in the sale of loans in the secondary market, and gains taken in the sale of investments.  Meanwhile expenses were managed effectively and the Corporation adequately funded the provision for loan losses at $200,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to $48,000 for the same period in 2007.
 
 
NET INTEREST INCOME
 
Total interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2008 amounted to $5.2 million, an increase of $203,000, or 4.1%, from the comparable period in 2007, reflecting the effects of an increase in average interest-earning assets outstanding.  This was in spite of a drop in the average loan rate from 7.01% at March 31, 2007 to 6.62% at March 31, 2008, a drop of 5.6%.

 
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Interest expense on deposits decreased by $161,000, or 8.7%, to a total of $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008, due primarily to a decrease in the average rate paid on deposits outstanding year-to-year. Interest expense on borrowings totaled $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008, an increase of $78,000, from the comparable period in 2007. This increase was the result of higher borrowing levels, with only negligible change in the overall cost of borrowing, period to period.
 
Net interest income increased to $2.2 million at March 31, 2008 from $1.9 million for the same period in 2007, a gain of almost $300,000, or 14.7%.  This increase was primarily due to the widening of the interest spread and an increase of nearly $10 million in interest earning assets, period to period.
 
 
PROVISION FOR LOSSES ON LOANS
 
A provision for losses on loans is charged to income to bring the total allowance for loan losses to a level considered appropriate by management based upon historical experience, the volume and type of lending conducted by the Bank, the status of past due principal and interest payments, general economic conditions, particularly as such conditions relate to the Bank’s market area, and other factors related to the collectibility of the Bank’s loan portfolio. As a result of such analysis, management recorded a $200,000 provision for losses on loans for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and $48,000 for the same period in 2007. The 2008 provision amount was predicated on the increase in the balance of the loan portfolio, coupled with the increase in the level of delinquent loans year-to-year and most especially, analysis of troubled loans currently in the process of foreclosure. While management believes that the allowance for losses on loans is adequate at March 31, 2008, based upon the available facts and circumstances, there can be no assurance that the loan loss allowance will be adequate to cover losses on non-performing assets in the future.
 
 
OTHER INCOME
 
Other income increased by 19.9% or $140,000, during the three months ended March 31, 2008, as compared to the same period in 2007. The change was attributable to several factors, but primarily to gains on the sale of loans, a reflection of the increase in sales to Freddie Mac year-to-year; to gains on the sale of securities in 2008 as opposed to losses on sales recorded at the same point in 2007; and to a sizable increase in the level of debit card interchange fee income being received by the Bank, from $64,000 in 2008 as compared to $38,000 for the same period in 2007, a gain of almost 168%.
 
 
OTHER EXPENSES
 
Other expenses increased by 9.4%, from $1.9 million at March 31, 2007 to $2.0 at March 31, 2008. Period to period increases in personnel costs, reflecting the addition of professional staff, increased building/occupancy costs, reflective of branch updating, and increased data processing costs, reflecting updating of hardware, increased activity and increased costs related to data processing charges associated with the collection of interchange fee income.
 
 
INCOME TAXES
 
The provision for income taxes totaled $221,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008, an increase of $17,000, or 8.3%, as compared to the same period in 2007, due primarily to increased net income for the period.  The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2008, was 26.4% as compared to 27.7% for the same period in 2007, reflecting the continued benefit of holding investment assets at the Bank’s subsidiary in Nevada and increased income from the cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance.
 
 
 
The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a Web site that contains reports, proxy information statements, and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission, including the Corporation. The address is http://www.sec.gov.

 
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Not applicable for Smaller Reporting Companies.
 
 
ITEM 4T. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
A. Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. The Corporation’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Sections 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of regulations promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the most recent fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”), have concluded that as of the Evaluation Date, the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in those reports is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
B. Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the Corporation’s evaluation of controls that occurred during the Corporation’s last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
 
As previously reported in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, on April 27, 2007, Cecilia Means filed a putative class action complaint in the Marion County Superior Court, Marion County, Indiana, on behalf of herself and others who paid funds into a pre-need trust (the “Pre-Need Trust”) for burial services and merchandise from Grandview Memorial Gardens, against the Bank, a former trustee of the Pre-Need Trust; three other banks that serve or have served as trustees of the Pre-Need Trust; and the current and former owners of Grandview Memorial Gardens.  The complaint alleges that the Bank and other trustees did not properly account for funds placed in the Pre-Need Trust and did not properly verify the legitimacy of disbursements from the Pre-Need Trust in violation of certain state statutes and in breach of the trustees’ alleged fiduciary duties.  The complaint is not specific as to the amount of damages sought but states that the plaintiff believes that the Pre-Need Trust has an estimated $4 million in unfunded liabilities.
 
The Bank denies the plaintiffs’ allegations but, along with the other trustee defendants, has agreed to terms for a settlement of the plaintiffs’ claims.  The Bank anticipates that the settlement will be submitted to the court for approval within the next 90 days.
 
 
 
 
None.
 
 
 
 
None.
 
 
 
 
None.
 
 
 
 
None.

 
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

 
31(1)
CEO Certification required by 17 C.F.R. Section 240.13a-14(a)
     
 
31(2)
CFO Certification required by 17 C.F.R. Section 240.13a-14(a)
     
 
32
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 


 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 

 
RIVER VALLEY BANCORP
     
     
Date: May 15, 2008
By:
/s/ Matthew P. Forrester
   
Matthew P. Forrester
   
President and Chief Executive Officer
     
     
Date: May 15, 2008
By:
/s/ Vickie L. Grimes
   
Vickie L. Grimes
   
Vice President of Finance
 


 
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EXHIBIT INDEX

 
Description
 
Location
         
31(1)
 
CEO Certification required by 17 C.F.R. Section 240.13a-14(a)
 
Attached
         
31(2)
 
CFO Certification required by 17 C.F.R. Section 240.13a-14(a)
 
Attached
         
32
 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
Attached
 

 
 
 
 
 
19