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REVENUE (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue by Geographic Area
Geographic revenue
(Dollars in thousands)
2019
 
2018
 
2017
U.S.
$
525,191

 
57
%
 
$
469,987

 
52
%
 
$
505,415

 
56
%
Other Americas
60,536

 
7
%
 
53,239

 
6
%
 
41,467

 
5
%
United Kingdom (“U.K.”)
87,382

 
10
%
 
95,628

 
11
%
 
97,000

 
11
%
Europe (excluding U.K.), Middle East, and Africa
137,946

 
15
%
 
147,248

 
17
%
 
138,752

 
16
%
Asia-Pacific
100,328

 
11
%
 
125,479

 
14
%
 
105,833

 
12
%
 
$
911,383

 
100
%
 
$
891,581

 
100
%
 
$
888,467

 
100
%
Disaggregation of Revenue
(in thousands)
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Perpetual license
$
80,015

 
$
109,863

 
$
132,883

Term license
199,433

 
178,256

 
206,411

Revenue recognized at a point in time
279,448

 
288,119

 
339,294

Maintenance
280,580

 
263,875

 
242,320

Cloud
133,746

 
82,627

 
51,097

Consulting
217,609

 
256,960

 
255,756

Revenue recognized over time
631,935

 
603,462

 
549,173

 
$
911,383

 
$
891,581

 
$
888,467

(in thousands)
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Term license
$
199,433

 
$
178,256

 
$
206,411

Cloud
133,746

 
82,627

 
51,097

Maintenance
280,580

 
263,875

 
242,320

Subscription (1)
613,759

 
524,758

 
499,828

Perpetual license
80,015

 
109,863

 
132,883

Consulting
217,609

 
256,960

 
255,756

Total revenue
$
911,383

 
$
891,581

 
$
888,467

(1)  Reflects client arrangements (term license, cloud, and maintenance) that are subject to renewal.
Remaining Performance Obligations on Existing Contracts
The Company’s typical performance obligations are:
Performance Obligation
 
How Standalone Selling Price is Typically Determined
 
When Performance Obligation is Typically Satisfied
 
When Payment is Typically Due
Perpetual license
 
Residual approach
 
Upon transfer of control to the client, defined when the client can use and benefit from the license (point in time)
 
Effective date of the license
Term license
 
Residual approach
 
Upon transfer of control to the client, defined when the client can use and benefit from the license (point in time)
 
Annually, or more frequently, over the term of the license
Maintenance
 
Consistent pricing relationship as a percentage of the related license and observable in stand-alone renewal transactions (1)
 
Ratably over the term of the maintenance (over time)
 
Annually, or more frequently, over the term of the maintenance
Consulting
- time and materials
 
Observable hourly rate for time and materials-based services in similar geographies for similar contract sizes
 
Based on hours incurred to date
 
Monthly
Consulting
- fixed price
 
Observable hourly rate for time and materials-based services in similar geographies for similar contract sizes multiplied by estimated hours for the project
 
Based on hours incurred as a percentage of total estimated hours
 
As contract milestones are achieved
Cloud
 
Residual approach
 
Ratably over the term of the service (over time)
 
Annually, or more frequently, over the term of the service
(1) Technical support and software updates are considered distinct services but accounted for as a single performance obligation, as they have the same pattern of transfer to the client.
Expected future revenue on existing contracts:
 
December 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
Perpetual license
 
Term license
 
Maintenance
 
Cloud
 
Consulting
 
Total
1 year or less
$
2,305

 
$
97,826

 
$
206,882

 
$
165,571

 
$
20,798

 
$
493,382

58
%
1-2 years
2,179

 
12,014

 
30,291

 
128,109

 
1,439

 
174,032

21
%
2-3 years
—

 
3,132

 
17,844

 
84,788

 
132

 
105,896

13
%
Greater than 3 years
—

 
3,861

 
13,277

 
43,702

 
1,993

 
62,833

8
%
 
$
4,484

 
$
116,833

 
$
268,294

 
$
422,170

 
$
24,362

 
$
836,143

100
%
 
December 31, 2018
(Dollars in thousands)
Perpetual license
 
Term license
 
Maintenance
 
Cloud
 
Consulting
 
Total
1 year or less
$
14,665

 
$
72,378

 
$
192,274

 
$
103,354

 
$
17,235

 
$
399,906

63
%
1-2 years
2,343

 
10,355

 
10,436

 
80,214

 
2,810

 
106,158

17
%
2-3 years
1,661

 
1,414

 
3,644

 
61,906

 
940

 
69,565

11
%
Greater than 3 years
—

 
233

 
1,560

 
53,343

 
208

 
55,344

9
%
 
$
18,669

 
$
84,380

 
$
207,914

 
$
298,817

 
$
21,193

 
$
630,973

100
%
Schedule of Clients Accounting for a Percentage of Total Revenue
Clients accounting for 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue were:
(Dollars in thousands)
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Total revenue
$
911,383

 
$
891,581

 
$
888,467

Client A
*

 
*

 
10
%
*Client accounted for less than 10% of total revenue.