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Document and Entity Information - USD ($)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Feb. 19, 2021
Jun. 30, 2020
Cover [Abstract]      
Document Type 10-K    
Amendment Flag false    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2020    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2020    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Entity Registrant Name UMB FINANCIAL CORP    
Trading Symbol UMBF    
Entity Central Index Key 0000101382    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
Entity Shell Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   48,180,607  
Entity Public Float     $ 2,226,284,007
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value    
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ    
Entity File Number 001-38481    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code MO    
Entity Tax Identification Number 43-0903811    
Entity Address, Address Line One 1010 Grand Boulevard    
Entity Address, City or Town Kansas City    
Entity Address, State or Province MO    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 64106    
City Area Code 816    
Local Phone Number 860-7000    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Transition Report false    
Documents Incorporated by Reference

Portions of the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (the “Proxy Statement”) to be delivered to shareholders in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on April 27, 2021, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.