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Income Taxes Income before income taxes (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2012
Tax credits percentage of qualified maintenance expenditures to reduce federal income tax   50.00%gwr_TaxCreditsPercentageOfQualifiedMaintenanceExpendituresToReduceFederalIncomeTax    
Tax credit limitation per mile on maintenance expenditures to reduce federal income tax   $ 3,500gwr_Taxcreditlimitationpermileonmaintenanceexpenditurestoreducefederalincometax    
Income tax expense   107,107,000us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit 46,296,000us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit 46,402,000us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
Provision for income tax as a percentage of income before income taxes and income from equity investment   29.10%us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations 14.50%us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations 55.60%us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations
Tax benefit from retroactive change in tax accounting method related to acquired companies 3,900,000us-gaap_TaxAdjustmentsSettlementsAndUnusualProvisions 3,900,000us-gaap_TaxAdjustmentsSettlementsAndUnusualProvisions    
Provision for income taxes other than the 2012 Retroactive Benefit from the Short Line Tax Credit, Continuing Operations     87,200,000gwr_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitOtherThan2012RetroactiveBenefitFromShortLineTaxCreditContinuingOperations  
Provision for income tax as a percentage of income before income taxes and income from equity investment other than the 2012 retroactive benefit from the Short Line Tax Credit     27.40%gwr_Provisionforincometaxasapercentageofincomebeforeincometaxesandincomefromequityinvestmentotherthanthe2012retroactivebenefitfromtheShortLineTaxCredit  
Income Tax Nondeductible Expense, Contingent Forward Sale Contract Mark-to-Market Expense, Amount       50,100,000gwr_IncomeTaxNondeductibleExpenseContingentForwardSaleContractMarktoMarketExpenseAmount
Provision for income tax as a percentage of income before income taxes and income from equity investment other than non-deductible mark-to-market expense on contingent forward sale contract.       34.80%gwr_Provisionforincometaxasapercentageofincomebeforeincometaxesandincomefromequityinvestmentotherthannondeductiblemarktomarketexpenseoncontingentforwardsalecontract.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations, by Jurisdiction [Abstract]        
United States income before taxes and income from equity investment   276,594,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic 211,889,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic 5,598,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
Foreign income before taxes and income from equity investment   91,519,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign 106,498,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign 77,680,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
Income before income taxes and income from equity investment   368,113,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments 318,387,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments 83,278,000us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
Provision for United States income taxes applicable to undistributed foreign earnings   0us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilityNotRecognizedAmountOfUnrecognizedDeferredTaxLiabilityUndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries    
Determination of Deferred Tax Liability is Not Practicable, Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries   the amount of the tax and credits is not practicable to determine    
Undistributed foreign earnings   305,200,000us-gaap_UndistributedEarningsOfForeignSubsidiaries    
Tax Year 2012 [Member]        
Tax benefit related to the retroactive extension of the United States Short Line Tax Credit     $ 41,000,000gwr_TaxBenefitFromExtensionOfShortLineTaxCredit
/ us-gaap_TaxPeriodAxis
= us-gaap_TaxYear2012Member