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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NOTE 2 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("US GAAP"). The significant accounting policies are as follows:

Functional Currency

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in United States dollars. The Company has determined that the functional currency of its foreign subsidiaries is the local currency, which is predominantly the Euro. For financial reporting purposes, the assets and liabilities of such subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. The revenue and expenses of such subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars using average exchange rates in effect during the reporting period. Resulting translation adjustments are presented as a separate category in shareholders' deficit called accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
 
The most significant estimates and assumptions included in these consolidated financial statements consist of the: (a) calculation of the allowance for doubtful accounts, (b) determination of the fair value of stock options, (c) recognition of contingent liabilities and (d) valuation allowance of deferred income taxes, (e) determination of goodwill impairment.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ICTS International N.V. and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash and cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2018 consists of: (a) $233 held in a bank account that serves as cash collateral for outstanding letters of credit and (b) $2,883 held in several bank accounts in the Netherlands, which is restricted for payments to local tax authorities.

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2017 consists of: (a) $233 held in a bank account that serves as cash collateral for outstanding letters of credit and (b) $4,199 held in several bank accounts in the Netherlands, which is restricted for payments to local tax authorities.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-18 guidance for presentation of restricted cash on the statements of cash flows using a retrospective approach. Restricted cash amounts are now reported on the statements of cash flows together with cash as one-line item. Previously, restricted cash was shown separately in the investing activities section of the statements of cash flows. Restricted cash amounts as of December 31, 2016 have been reclassified in the statements of cash flows in order to comply with the new guidance.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and restricted cash reported on the balance sheet that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the statements of cash flows.

   
December 31,
 
   
2018
   
2017
 
             
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
12,801
   
$
9,073
 
Restricted cash
   
3,116
     
4,432
 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows
 
$
15,917
   
$
13,505
 
 
Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable represent amounts due to the Company for services rendered and are recorded net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on historical collection experience, factors related to a specific customers and current economic trends. The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance for doubtful accounts when the balance is determined to be uncollectible. As of December 31, 2018, and 2017, the allowance for doubtful accounts is $240 and $103, respectively.

Investments

The Company follows Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (“FASB ASC”) Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement”. Topic 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Topic 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value should be based on assumptions that market participants would use.

In determining the fair value, the Company assesses the inputs used to measure fair value using a three-tier hierarchy, as follows:

Level 1 -
Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Companies have the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 -
Inputs to the valuation methodology include:
·
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
·
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;
·
Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability;
·
Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, the Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3 -
Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

Investment in Artemis Therapeutics Inc. is valued using level 1 inputs, however, the Company has determined that value of the investment is impaired (see note 5).

The Company accounts for investments in the equity securities of companies which represent an ownership interest of 20% to 50% and the ability to exercise significant influence, provided that ability does not represent control, using the equity method. The equity method requires the Company to recognize its share of the net income (loss) of its investees in the consolidated statement of operations until the carrying value of the investment is zero.

Property and Equipment

Equipment and furniture, internal-use software, leasehold improvements and vehicles are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives used in determining depreciation are as follows:

 
Years
Equipment and facilities
3-7
Internal- use software
4
Vehicles
3-7

Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the total term of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Capitalized Internal-Use Software Costs

The Company capitalizes the cost of internal-use software that has a useful life in excess of one year in property and equipment. These costs consist of payments made to third party consultants for the installation and integration of software and related travel costs. Software maintenance and training costs, including related travel costs, are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets of an acquired business. Goodwill is assessed for impairment by reporting unit on an annual basis or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company would record a goodwill impairment charge for the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the goodwill, not to exceed the carrying amount of the goodwill. As of January 1, 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2017-04 which eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment of $1,563, $0 and $0, respectively (see note 7).

Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets, other than goodwill, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses recoverability by determining whether the net book value of the related asset will be recovered through the projected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset. If the Company determines that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable, it measures any impairment based on the fair value of the asset as compared to its carrying value. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the Company did not record any impairment charges on its long-lived assets.

Convertible Debt Instruments

The Company evaluates convertible debt instruments to determine whether the embedded conversion option needs to be bifurcated from the debt instrument and accounted for as a freestanding derivative instrument or considered a beneficial conversion option. An embedded conversion option is considered to be a freestanding derivative when: (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded conversion option are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host instrument, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded conversion option and the host instrument is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable US GAAP with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur, and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded conversion option would be considered a derivative instrument subject to certain requirements (except when the host instrument is deemed to be conventional).

When it is determined that an embedded conversion option should not be bifurcated from its host instrument, the embedded conversion option is evaluated to determine whether it contains any intrinsic value which needs to be discounted from the carrying value of the convertible debt instrument.

The intrinsic value of an embedded conversion option is considered to be the difference between the fair value of the underlying security on the commitment date of the debt instrument and the effective conversion price embedded in the debt instrument.

Contingent Liabilities

The Company is subject to various investigations, claims and legal proceedings covering a wide range of matters that arise in the normal course of its business activities.  Liabilities for such contingencies are recognized when: (a) information available prior to the issuance of the consolidated financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (b) the amount of loss can reasonably be estimated.

Comprehensive Income (Loss) and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The Company's comprehensive income (loss) consists of the Company’s net income (loss) and foreign currency translation adjustments.

Accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of the Company’s accumulated foreign exchange currency translation adjustments.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation to employees, including stock options, are measured at the fair value of the award on the date of grant based on the estimated number of awards that are ultimately expected to vest. The compensation expense resulting from stock-based compensation to management and administrative employees is recorded over the vesting period of the award in selling, general and administrative expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Compensation expense resulting from stock-based compensation to operational employees is recorded over the vesting period of the award in cost of revenue.

Stock-based compensation issued to non-employees for services rendered are recorded at either the fair value of the services rendered or the fair value of the stock-based compensation, whichever is more readily determinable.

Non-controlling interest

The Company’s non-controlling interest represent the minority shareholder’s ownership interest related to the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company reports its non-controlling interest in subsidiaries as a separate component of equity in the consolidated balance sheets and reports net income (loss) attributable to the non-controlling interest in the consolidated statement of operations.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when the promised services are performed for our clients, and the amount that reflects the consideration we are entitled to receive in exchange for those services is determined.  The Company’s revenues are recorded net of any sales taxes.

As of January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606 and all subsequent amendments to the ASU, using the modified retrospective approach.

Based on the Company’s evaluation process and review of our contracts with customers, the timing and amount of revenue recognized under the new guidance is consistent with our revenue recognition policy under previous guidance. The new guidance has not had a material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
 
In order to determine the revenue, we (1) identify the contract with the client, (2) identify the performance obligations, usually it’s based on the hours spent, (3) determination of the transaction price, (4) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligation and (5) we recognize revenue as performance obligation is satisfied.

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct service to the client, and it is the unit of account in the new accounting guidance for revenue recognition. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual services is not separately identifiable from other promises in our contracts and, therefore, is not distinct.

The following table presents the Company’s revenues according to the Company’s segments:

   
Year ended December 31,
 
   
2018
   
2017
   
2016
 
Airport Security and Other Aviation Services
 
$
329,150
     
292,393
     
252,878
 
Technology
   
16,071
     
5,289
     
2,698
 
Total revenues
 
$
345,221
   
$
297,682
   
$
255,576
 
 
The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geography and as a percentage of revenues:

   
Year ended December 31,
 
   
2018
   
2017
   
2016
 
Germany
 
$
134,646
     
39
%
 
$
125,896
     
42
%
 
$
108,692
     
42
%
The Netherlands
   
121,465
     
35
%
   
103,862
     
35
%
   
87,348
     
34
%
United States
   
57,594
     
17
%
   
52,234
     
18
%
   
47,733
     
19
%
Other countries
   
31,516
     
9
%
   
15,690
     
5
%
   
11,803
     
5
%
Total revenues
 
$
345,221
     
100
%
 
$
297,682
     
100
%
 
$
255,576
     
100
%
 
Airport Security and Other Aviation Services Segment

In the airport security and other aviation services, for performance obligations that we satisfy over time, revenues are recognized by consistently applying a method of measuring hours spent on that performance obligation. We generally utilize an input measure of time (hours and attendance for specific time framed service like specific flights) of the service provided. Performance obligations are satisfied over the course of each month and continue to be performed until the contract has been terminated or cancelled.

Pricing and Reduction to Revenues

We generally determine standalone selling prices based upon the prices included in the client contracts, using expected costs plus margin, or other observable prices. The price as specified in our client contracts is generally considered the standalone selling price as it is an observable input that depicts the price as if sold to a similar client in similar circumstances.  Certain client contracts have variable consideration, including quality thresholds or other similar items that could reduce the transaction price. These amounts may be constrained and revenue is recorded to the extent we do not expect a significant reversal or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our variable consideration amounts, if any, are not material, and we do not expect significant changes to our estimates.

Contracts

Our client contracts generally include standard payment terms acceptable in each of the countries, states and territories in which we operate. The payment terms vary by the type and location of our clients and services offered. Client payments are typically due in 30 to 60 days after invoicing, but may be a shorter or longer term depending on the contract. Our client contracts in the material countries are generally long term between three to five years. The timing between satisfaction of the performance obligation, invoicing and payment is not significant.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

Because nearly all our contracts are based on input measure of time of service provided (as hours or attendance) no exemptions need to be made. We have no contracts with revenues expected to be recognized subsequent to December 31, 2018 related to remaining performance obligations.

Revenue Service Types

The following is a description of our revenue service types, including Airport Security, Airline Security, Cargo Security, Other Airport Services, General Security Services and Other.
 
Airport Security
Staffing or manning for specialized airport security are usually based on long term contract issued via a public tender procedure. We recognize revenue given the unit of measure (hours) provided in the given time period and the specific price for specific hours agreed upon in the contracts. Quality and criteria of staffing are described in the contracts and are measured in the given time period. Deviations, if any, are discussed with the customer before invoicing and will be reflected in the invoice showing the approved hours and other cost elements as agreed upon price.

Most contracts have an hourly rate that reflects an all-in tariff based on a full cost price calculation. In some of the contracts the hourly rates are split between a component based on hours and a component based on specific costs in a specific time period but always linked to the service provided in given time period. Revenue is recognized at the time period set in the contract.

Airline Security
Staffing or manning for airline security are usually based on long term contracts issued via a public tender procedure. We recognize revenue according to the unit of measure provided (usually attendance for specific time framed service like specific flights). The time framed specialized security services are in this case are the executed number of flights. When the manning for the security of these flights are delivered, the Company invoices the customer according to the agreed flight tariff.

Cargo Security
Staffing or manning for specialized cargo security are usually based on long term contract, sometimes publicly tendered. Contracts are based on hourly planned and executed screening services. Revenue is recognized based on the realized screening hours and contractually agreed upon hourly rate.

Other Airport Services
Airport Services include wheelchair attendants, pre-departure skycaps, bag-runners, agents, guards, charter security screening, janitorial, and cabin cleaning to major U.S. and foreign carriers in airports throughout the United States.  Our contracts may include either single or multiple performance obligations and vary by airport and airline.  We recognize revenue given the unit of measure (hours) provided in the given time period and the specific price for specific hours or attendance for specific event, time framed service as agreed upon in the contracts.

General Security Services
Security Services include providing armed and un-armed guards to private schools and places of worship, video surveillance and patrol.  Contracts for security services generally include only a single performance obligation.  We generally recognize revenue for security guard services. We recognize revenue for security guard given the unit of measure (hours) provided in the given time period.  Revenue from video surveillance and patrol is recognized based upon a fixed monthly rate.

Other Services
Other services include revenues from (incidental) specialized security manning services, training services and ad hoc work performed on and off airports.  Revenue is recognized over time as services are being performed, using the input of service delivered during the time period, according to the contractual agreed price.

Technology Segment

In the technology segment, the Company offers authentication services on a cost per click basis, with a minimum yearly commitment which means the customer pays the Company according to the higher of (a) number of times the customer used the system in order to authenticate IDs or (b) according to the yearly minimum commitment. According to the agreement with the customers, each chargeable click has an agreed price and revenue is being recognized accordingly.

Pricing and Reduction to Revenues

We generally determine standalone selling prices based upon the prices included in the client contracts, using expected costs plus margin, or other observable prices. The price as specified in our client contracts is generally considered the selling price as agreed with the customer. Certain client contracts have variable consideration which are based on quantity of usage. These amounts may be constrained and revenue is recorded to the extent we do not expect a significant reversal or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our variable consideration, if any, amounts are not material, and we do not expect significant changes to our estimates.

Contracts

Our client contracts generally include standard payment terms acceptable in each of the countries, states and territories in which we operate. The payment terms vary by the type and location of our clients and services offered. The minimum commitment is usually being paid in advance. Client payments are typically due in 30 days after invoicing, but may be a shorter or longer term depending on the contract. Our client contracts are usually for a one-year period with a renewal option. The timing between satisfaction of the performance obligation, invoicing and payment is not significant.

Deferred Revenues

We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. Deferred revenues at December 31, 2018 and 2017 were $2,001 and $854, respectively shown as part of the accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $111 and $0 shown as other liabilities. The increase in the deferred revenue balance for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 is primarily driven by cash payments received in advance following the increase of services in the Company activities during this year. Revenue recognized for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 that was included in the deferred revenue at the beginning of each year was $854, $360 and $445, respectively.

Our payment terms vary by the type and location of our customer and the products or services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

We generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expenses.

Cost of Revenue
 
Cost of revenue represents primarily payroll and employee related costs associated with employees who provide services under the terms of the Company's contractual arrangements, insurance and depreciation and amortization.
 
Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of payroll and related costs.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 are $528, $316 and $247, respectively.

Value Added Tax

Certain of the Company’s operations are subject to Value Added Tax (“VAT”) applied on the services sold in those respective countries. The Company is required to remit the VAT collected to the tax authorities, but may deduct the VAT paid on certain eligible purchases.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established when realization of net deferred tax assets is not considered more likely than not.

Uncertain income tax positions are determined based upon the likelihood of the positions being sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the consolidated financial statements in the period during which management believes it is more likely than not that the position will not be sustained. Income tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Income tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of income tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized if challenged by the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with income tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured is reflected as income taxes payable.

The Company recognizes interest related to uncertain tax positions in interest expense. The Company recognizes penalties related to uncertain tax positions in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted income (loss) per share is determined in the same manner as basic income (loss) per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include potentially dilutive securities using the treasury stock method.

The Company had a loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2018. For periods of net loss, diluted loss per share is calculated similarly to basic loss per share because the impact of all dilutive potential common share is anti-dilutive due to the net losses. Potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of diluted income (loss) per share as the conversion rate of the convertible note payable to related party was higher than the market price of the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2018 and the effect of including them is anti-dilutive.

The Company had an income from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of diluted income (loss) per share as the conversion rate of the convertible note payable to related party was higher than the weighted average computed price of the Company’s stock for the year 2017 and 2016 and the effect of including them is anti-dilutive.

The following table summarizes the number of shares of common stock attributable to potentially dilutive securities outstanding for each of the periods which were excluded from the calculation of diluted income (loss) per share:

   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2018
   
2017
   
2016
 
                   
Stock Options
   
-
     
-
     
150,000
 
Shares issuable upon Conversion of convertible notes
                       
payable to related party at a price of $1.50
   
14,731,267
     
16,652,333
     
16,852,097
 
Shares issuable upon conversion of accrued interest
                       
payable to related party at a price of $0.75
   
11,779,776
     
16,815,677
     
12,310,501
 
Total
   
26,511,043
     
33,468,010
     
29,312,598
 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, income taxes payable, VAT payable, notes payable – banks, long-term loan payable and loan payable to related party approximate their carrying values due to the short-term nature of the instruments. The carrying values of the convertible notes payable to a related party and other liabilities are not readily determinable because: (a) these instruments are not traded and, therefore, no quoted market prices exist upon which to base an estimate of fair value and (b) there were no readily determinable similar instruments on which to base an estimate of fair value.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments which are subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts receivable.

The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in accounts with financial institutions in the United States, Europe, Japan and Israel. As of December 31, 2018, accounts at financial institutions located in the United States are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") up to $250 per institution. As of December 31, 2018, cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of $299 is being held in the United States. Bank accounts located in Europe, Japan and Israel, totaling $15,618 as of December 31, 2018, are uninsured.

The Company renders services to a limited number of airlines and airports through service contracts and provides credit without collateral. Some of these airlines and airports may have difficulties in meeting their financial obligations, which can have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. To mitigate this risk, the Company regularly reviews the creditworthiness of its customers through its credit evaluation process.

Revenue from two customers represented 72% of total revenue during the year ended December 31, 2018, of which one customer accounted for 38% and the other customer accounts for 34% of total revenue. Accounts receivable from these two customers represented 55% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2018.

Revenue from two customers represented 76% of total revenue during the year ended December 31, 2017, of which one customer accounted for 42% and the other customer accounted for 34% of total revenue. Accounts receivable from these two customers represented 53% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017.

Revenue from two customers represented 75% of total revenue during the year ended December 31, 2016, of which one customer accounted for 42% and the other customer accounts for 33% of total revenue. Accounts receivable from these two customers represented 70% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2016.

Both customers mentioned above, have been principle customers in the last three years.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company is currently engaged in direct operations in numerous countries and is therefore subject to risks associated with international operations (including economic and/or political instability and trade restrictions). Such risks can cause the Company to have significant difficulties in connection with the sale or provision of its services in international markets and have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company is subject to changes in interest rates based on Central Banks Federal Reserve actions and general market conditions. The Company does not utilize derivative instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate risk.

Furthermore, as a result of its international operations, the Company is subject to market risks associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The Company does not utilize derivative instruments to manage its exposure to such market risk. As such, significant foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations can have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Reclassification

Certain amounts have been reclassified in prior years balance sheets, statements of operations and statements of cash flows to conform with current period presentation.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Update 2015-14 and related updates

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU no. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, and the guidance defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. The ASU, as amended, is effective for the Company’s 2018 fiscal year and may be applied either(i) retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented with an election for certain specified practical expedients, or (ii) retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the ASU recognized at the date of initial application, with additional disclosure requirements.

As of January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new guidance, including all subsequent amendments, using the modified retrospective approach. Based on the Company’s evaluation process and review of our contracts with customers, the timing and amount of revenue recognized under the new guidance is consistent with our revenue recognition policy under previous guidance. We determined that no cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings was necessary upon adoption as there were no significant revenue recognition differences identified between the new and previous accounting guidances.
 
Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 and related updates.
 
In February 2016, the FASB amended existing guidance for leases (Topic 842) that requires lessees recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date (1) A lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and(2) A right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee's right to use, or control the use of , a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue form Contract with Customers. The new guidance also requires enhanced disclosure about an entity's leasing arrangements.

An entity may adopt the new guidance by either restating prior periods and recording a cumulative effect adjustment at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented or by recording a cumulative effect adjustment at the beginning of the adoption

The new guidance includes a number of optional transition-related practical expedients. The practical expedients relate to the identification of leases that commenced before the effective date, initial direct costs for before the effective date, the ability to use hindsight in evaluating lessee extend or terminate a lease or to purchase the underlying asset and not to reassess easements. An entity that elects to apply these practical expedients will, in effect, to account for leases that commence before the effective date in accordance with previous US GAAP unless the lease is modified, except that lessees are required to recognize a right-of- use asset and lease liability for all operating leases at each reporting date based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments that were tracked and disclosed under previous US GAAP.
 
We will adopt this standard effective January 1,2019 and plan to use the modified retrospective approach, which includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. The Company has elected certain practical expedients, including the package of practical expedients to not reassess prior conclusions related to contracts containing leases, lease classification and initial direct costs as well as an accounting policy to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component for certain classes of assets. The Company also elected the optional transition method that gives companies the option to use the effective date as the date of initial application on transition, and as a result, the Company will not adjust its comparative period financial information or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the effective date. The Company has elected to make the accounting policy election for short-term leases. Consequently, short-term leases will be recorded as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company did not elect the hindsight practical expedient.

We expect the new lease standard to have a material effect on our consolidated balance sheet, with no material impact on our results of operations, our liquidity or our debt covenant compliance under our current credit agreements. Refer to note 16, to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information on our current lease arrangements, the amounts which represent the future undiscounted commitments.

Accounting Standards Update 2018-07

In June 2018, the FASB issued an update for Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) as part of its Simplification Initiative. The amendments in this Update expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The requirements of Topic 718 should be applied to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. The amendments specific that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer to (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
 
These amendments are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. An entity should only remeasure liability-classified awards that have not been settled by the date of adoption and equity-classified awards for which a measurement date has not been established through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Upon transition, the entity is required to measure these nonemployee awards at fair value as of the adoption date the entity must not remeasure assets that are completed.
 
The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s operating results or financial condition.