Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Note 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principal Business Activity

The Company is a Tier 1 or Tier 2 manufacturer of precision assemblies and components for mission-critical aerospace and defense applications, and a prime contractor to the U.S. Department of Defense. The Company’s AIM and NTW subsidiaries manufactures flight critical or flight safety aircraft components including landing gear, arresting gear, flight controls, primarily for military aircraft, including the UH-60 Helicopter, the E2-D, and F-35, F-18 fighter aircraft, and the Pratt & Whitney Geared Turbofan jet engine. Sterling manufactures components used in jet engines of military and commercial aircraft and ground power turbine engines. The Company’s primary customers are large publicly traded companies including the four largest suppliers to the US Department of Defense.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances net of allowances for uncollectible accounts. The Company provides for allowances for uncollectible receivables based on management’s estimate of uncollectible amounts considering age, collection history, and any other factors considered appropriate. The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance for doubtful accounts when a balance is determined to be uncollectible.

Inventory Valuation

The Company values inventory at the lower of cost on a first-in-first-out basis or an estimated net realizable value.

The Company generally purchases raw materials and supplies uniquely suited to the production of larger more complex parts, such as landing gear, only when non-cancellable contracts for orders have been received for finished goods. It occasionally produces larger more complex products, such as landing gear, in excess of purchase order quantities in anticipation of future purchase order demand. Historically this excess has been used in fulfilling future purchase orders. The Company purchases supplies and materials useful in a variety of products as deemed necessary even though orders have not been received. The Company periodically evaluates inventory items that are not secured by purchase orders and establishes write-downs to estimated net realizable value for obsolescence accordingly. The Company also writes-down inventory to estimated net realizable value for excess quantities, slow-moving goods, and for other impairments of value.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

On December 23, 2020, the Company and CPI reached an agreement to settle the working capital dispute. The settlement provided that the escrow agent would release the balance of $ 1,380,684 remaining in the escrow account to CPI. The Company and CPI exchanged mutual releases customary in the circumstances.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets include purchase deposits, miscellaneous prepaid expenses and cash in escrow less a reserve. On December 23, 2020, the Company settled its working capital dispute with CPI, see Note 14 - Contingencies. As a result of this settlement, the Company released the cash that was held in escrow and therefore removed the reserve. The changes in the reserve are shown below and discussed in Note 2 – Discontinued Operations.

Description	Balance at Beginning of Year		Charges to  Loss on Sale of Subsidiary		Deductions			Balance at end of year
Valuation reserve deducted from Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets:
Year ended December 31, 2020	$	1,770,000	$	-	$	(1,770,000	)	$	-

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Repair and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. Property, equipment, and improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the particular improvements. Expenditures for repairs and improvements in excess of $10,000 that add to the productive capacity or extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized. Upon disposition, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any related gain or loss is reflected in earnings.

Long-Lived and Intangible Assets

Identifiable intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the period of expected benefit.

Long-lived assets and intangible assets subject to amortization to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amount may be impaired. The Company records an impairment loss if the undiscounted future cash flows are found to be less than the carrying amount of the asset. If an impairment loss has occurred, a charge is recorded to reduce the carrying amount of the asset to fair value.

Deferred Financing Costs

Costs incurred with obtaining and executing revolving debt arrangements are capitalized and recorded in current assets and amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the related debt. Costs incurred with obtaining and executing other debt arrangements are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the associated debt and also amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the related debt. The amortization of financing costs is included in interest and financing costs in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Revenue Recognition

The Company accounts for revenue recognition in accordance with accounting guidance codified as FASB ASC 606 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”), as amended, regarding revenue from contracts with customers. Under the standard an entity is required to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods.

Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized as the customer obtains control of the goods and services promised in the contract (i.e., performance obligations). In evaluating our contracts with our customers under ASC 606, we have determined that there is no future performance obligation once delivery has occurred.

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from consideration paid by customers for tangible goods. The Company analyzes its different goods by segment to determine the appropriate basis for revenue recognition, as described below. There are no material upfront costs for operations that are incurred from contracts with customers.

The Company’s rights to payments for goods transferred to customers are conditional only on the passage of time and not on any other criteria. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 to 75 days.

Payments received in advance from customers are recorded as deferred revenue until earned, at which time revenue is recognized. The Terms and Conditions contained in our customer purchase orders often provide for liquidated damages in the event that a stop work order is issued prior to the final delivery. The Company utilizes a Returned Merchandise Authorization or RMA process for determining whether to accept returned products. Customer requests to return products are reviewed by the contracts department and if the request is approved, a credit is issued upon receipt of the product. Net sales represent gross sales less returns and allowances.

Use of Estimates

In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The more significant management estimates are the allowance for doubtful accounts, useful lives of property and equipment, provisions for inventory obsolescence, accrued expenses and whether to accrue for various contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates, which are recorded in the period in which they become known.

Credit and Concentration Risks

A large percentage of the Company’s revenues are derived from a small number of customers for U.S. Military Aviation.

There were three customers that represented 75.4% of total sales, and three customers that represented 73.9% of total sales for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. This is set forth in the table below.

	Percentage of Sales
Customer	2021			2020
1		37.2	%		30.4	%
2		25.7	%		30.3	%
3		12.5	%		13.2	%

There were three customers that represented 74.7% of gross accounts receivable and 80.3% of gross accounts receivable at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. This is set forth in the table below.

	Percentage of Receivables
	December			December
Customer	2021			2020
1		50.3	%		57.1	%
2		12.7	%		12.0	%
3		11.7	%		11.2	%

Cash and Cash equivalents

During the year, the Company had occasionally maintained balances in its bank accounts that were in excess of the FDIC limit. The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts.

Major Suppliers

The Company has several key sole-source suppliers of various parts that are important for one or more of its products. These suppliers are its only source for such parts and, therefore, in the event any of them were to go out of business or be unable to provide parts for any reason, its business could be severely harmed.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with accounting guidance now codified as FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires that the Company recognize deferred tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect in the years the differences are expected to reverse.

The provision for, or benefit from, income taxes includes deferred taxes resulting from the temporary differences in income for financial and tax purposes using the liability method. Such temporary differences result primarily from the differences in the carrying value of assets and liabilities. Future realization of deferred income tax assets requires sufficient taxable income within the carryback, carryforward period available under tax law. We evaluate, on a quarterly basis whether, based on all available evidence, it is probable that the deferred income tax assets are realizable. Valuation allowances are established when it is more likely than not that the tax benefit of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The evaluation, as prescribed by ASC 740-10, “Income Taxes,” includes the consideration of all available evidence, both positive and negative, regarding historical operating results including recent years with reported losses, the estimated timing of future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, estimated future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards, and potential tax planning strategies which may be employed to prevent an operating loss or tax credit carryforward from expiring unused.

The Company accounts for uncertainties in income taxes under the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10-05 (the “Subtopic”). The Subtopic clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. The Subtopic prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Subtopic provides guidance on the de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing the net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period.

For purposes of calculating diluted earnings per common share, the numerator includes net income plus interest on convertible notes payable assumed converted as of the first day of the period. The denominator includes both the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period and the number of common stock equivalents if the inclusion of such common stock equivalents is dilutive. Dilutive common stock equivalents potentially include stock options and warrants using the treasury stock method and convertible notes payable using the if-converted method.

The following is the calculation of income from continuing operations applicable to common stockholders utilized to calculate the numerator for EPS:

	2021		2020
Income from continuing operations - Basic	$	1,627,000	$	1,326,000
Add: Convertible Note Interest for Potential Note Conversion		322,000		499,000
Add: Convertible Note debt discount for Potential Note Conversion		-		149,000
Income from continuing operations used to calculate earnings per share - Diluted	$	1,949,000	$	1,974,000

The following is a reconciliation of the denominators of basic and diluted EPS computations for continuing operations:

	2021		2020
Weighted average shares outstanding used to compute basic
earnings per share		32,049,372		30,742,154
Effect of dilutive stock options and warrants		317,371		1,590,000
Effect of dilutive convertible notes payable		4,057,432		4,414,929
Weighted average shares outstanding and dilutive securities used to compute dilutive earnings per share		36,424,175		36,747,083
Per share amount - basic	$	0.05	$	0.04
Per share amount - diluted	$	0.05	$	0.05

The following securities have been excluded from the calculation as the exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares:

	2021		2020
Stock Options		1,183,500		549,000
Warrants		1,227,211		1,909,902
		2,410,711		2,458,902

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” Under the fair value recognition provision of the ASC, stock-based compensation cost is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and warrants granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model and stock grants at their closing reported market value. Stock compensation expense for employees amounted to $443,000 and $308,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Stock compensation expense for directors amounted to $210,000 and $211,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Stock compensation expenses for employees and directors were included in operating expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost of businesses over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. The goodwill amount of $163,000 at December 31, 2021 and 2020 relates to the acquisition of NTW.

The Company accounts for the impairment of goodwill under the provisions of ASU 2011-08 (“ASU 2011-08”), “Intangibles Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” ASU 2011-08 updated the guidance on the periodic testing of goodwill for impairment. The updated guidance gives companies the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.

The Company performs impairment testing for goodwill annually, or more frequently when indicators of impairment exist. As discussed above, the Company adopted ASU 2011-08 and performs a qualitative assessment in the fourth quarter of each year to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.

The Company determined that there has been no impairment of goodwill at December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Freight Out

Freight out is included in operating expenses and amounted to $135,000 and $91,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (“ASU 2020-06), which is intended to address issues identified as a result of the complexity associated with applying GAAP for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity. For convertible instruments, ASU 2020-06 reduces the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock, and enhances information transparency by making targeted improvements to the disclosures for convertible instruments and earnings-per-share guidance on the basis of feedback from financial statement users. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods in those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021 (effective January 1, 2022 for the Company). The Company does not expect that the adoption of this new accounting guidance will have a material effect on its financial statements.

On January 21, 2021, the Company adopted ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not have a material effect on its financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”), which significantly changes how entities will account for credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss model with an expected credit loss model that requires entities to estimate an expected lifetime credit loss on most financial assets and certain other instruments. Under ASU 2016-13 credit impairment is recognized as an allowance for credit losses, rather than as a direct write-down of the amortized cost basis of a financial asset. The impairment allowance is a valuation account deducted from the amortized cost basis of financial assets to present the net amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. Once the new pronouncement is adopted by the Company, the allowance for credit losses must be adjusted for management’s current estimate at each reporting date. The new guidance provides no threshold for recognition of impairment allowance. Therefore, entities must also measure expected credit losses on assets that have a low risk of loss. For instance, trade receivables that are either current or not yet due may not require an allowance reserve under currently generally accepted accounting principles, but under the new standard, the Company will have to estimate an allowance for expected credit losses on trade receivables under ASU 2016-13. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2022 for smaller reporting companies. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

The Company does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards if currently adopted would have a material effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements.