Exhibit 1

POWER OF ATTORNEY

FOR CERTAIN FILINGS

UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, David E. Shaw, hereby make, constitute and appoint each of:

Anne Dinning,

Julius Gaudio,

Lou Salkind,

Stuart Steckler, and

Eric Wepsic,

acting individually, as my agent and attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, for the purpose of, from time to time, executing in my name and/or my capacity as President of

D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc. (acting for itself or  as the general partner of D. E. Shaw & Co., L. P. and general partner or managing member of other entities, any which in turn may be acting for itself or other entities) all documents, certificates, instruments, statement, other filings, and amendments to the forgoing (collectively, “documents”) determined by such person to be necessary or appropriate to comply with ownership or control-person reporting requirements imposed by any United States or non-United States governmental or regulatory authority, including without limitation Forms 3, 4, 5, 13D, 13F, and 13G required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission; and delivering, furnishing or filing any such documents with the appropriate governmental or regulatory authority. Any such determination shall be conclusively evidenced by such person’s execution, delivery, furnishing, and/or filing of the applicable document.

This power of attorney shall be valid from the date hereof and replaces the power granted on February 5, 2001, which is hereby cancelled.

IN WITNESS HEREOF, I have executed this instrument as of the date set forth below.

Date: February 24, 2004

DAVID E. SHAW, as President of

D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc.

/s/ David E. Shaw

New York, New York