SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, Organic Products Trading Company, LLC (“OPTCO”), Sonofresco LLC (“SONO”), and Comfort Foods, Inc. (“CFI”). All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and comply with SEC reporting requirements.

USE OF ESTIMATES

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Significant estimates include depreciable lives for long-lived assets, and valuation of indefinitely lived intangible assets impairment testing. These estimates may be adjusted as more current information becomes available, and any adjustment could have a significant impact on recorded amounts.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:

Cash and cash equivalents consists primarily of unrestricted cash on deposit and securities with an original maturity of 3 months or less at financial institutions and brokerage firms.

COFFEE HOLDING CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

OCTOBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d):

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE:

Trade accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect. The Company maintains allowances for credit losses for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of specific customer accounts: customer credit-worthiness, past transaction history with the customer, current customer conditions, reasonable forecasts, current economic industry trends, and changes in customer payment terms. Past due balances over 60 days and other higher risk amounts are reviewed individually for collectability. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, adversely affecting their ability to make payments, additional allowances would be required. Based on management’s assessment, the Company provides for estimated credit losses through a charge to earnings and a credit to a valuation allowance. Balances that remain outstanding after the Company has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation allowance and a credit to accounts receivable.

The reserve for sales discounts represents the estimated discount that customers will take upon payment. The reserve for other allowances represents the estimated amount of returns, slotting fees and volume based discounts estimated to be incurred by the Company from its customers. The allowances are summarized as follows:

	2024		2023
Allowance for credit losses	$	65,000	$	65,000
Reserve for other allowances		35,000		35,000
Reserve for sales discounts		44,000		44,000
Totals	$	144,000	$	144,000

INVENTORIES

INVENTORIES:

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first in, first out basis) or net realizable value, including provisions for obsolescence commensurate with known or estimated exposures. There are no reserves for obsolescence as of October 31, 2024, and 2023.

BUILDING, MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

BUILDING, MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT:

Building, machinery and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Purchases of buildings, machinery and equipment and additions and betterments which substantially extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized at cost. Expenditures which do not materially prolong the normal useful life of an asset are charged to operations as incurred. The Company also provides for amortization of leasehold improvements which are depreciated over the shorter of the useful life of the improvement or the lease term.

COFFEE HOLDING CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

OCTOBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d):

COMMODITIES HELD BY BROKER

COMMODITIES HELD BY BROKER:

The commodities held at broker represent the market value of the Company’s trading account, which consists of option and future contracts for coffee held with a brokerage firm. The Company uses options and futures contracts, which are not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments, to partially hedge the effects of fluctuations in the price of green coffee beans. Options and futures contracts are level 1 investments recognized at fair value in the consolidated financial statements with current recognition of gains and losses on such positions. The Company’s accounting for options and futures contracts may impact earnings volatility in any particular period. We record all open contract positions on our consolidated balance sheets at fair value in the due from and due to broker line items and typically do not offset these assets and liabilities.

The Company classifies its options and future contracts as trading securities and accordingly, unrealized holding gains and losses are included in the statement of operations as a component of cost of sales.

The Company recorded realized and unrealized gains and losses on these contracts as follows:

	Year Ended October 31,
	2024			2023
Gross realized gains	$	1,968,168		$	1,034,966
Gross realized (losses)		(1,005,616	)		(1,603,746	)
Unrealized gains (losses)		617,902			758,024
Total	$	1,580,454		$	189,244

CUSTOMER LIST AND RELATIONSHIPS

CUSTOMER LIST AND RELATIONSHIPS:

Customer list and relationships consist of a specific customer lists and customer contracts obtained by the Company in the acquisition of OPTCO, Comfort Foods and Sonofresco which are being amortized on the straight-line method over their estimated useful life of twenty years. Amortization expense for the years ended October 31, 2024, and 2023 was $30,500.

TRADEMARKS

TRADEMARKS:

The Company has determined that its trademarks, which consist of product lines, trade names and packaging designs have indefinite useful lives. Trademarks are tested for impairment at least annually or when circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the trademarks exceed fair value. The Company performs its annual impairment test on October 31 of each year by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the carrying amounts exceed the fair values. Depending on the outcome of our qualitative assessment, we may perform a quantitative assessment to determine if the carrying amounts exceed the fair values on the assessment date.

COFFEE HOLDING CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

OCTOBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d):

During the years ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s management concluded that no impairment charge was necessary during the years then ended.

IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS

IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS:

The Company assesses the impairment of long-lived assets used in operations, primarily buildings, machinery and equipment as well as intangible assets subject to amortization, when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value amounts of these assets might not be recoverable. For purposes of evaluating the recoverability of buildings, machinery and equipment and amortizable intangible assets, the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are compared to the carrying amounts of those assets. If and when the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the undiscounted cashflows, then the related assets will be written down to fair value, if less. During the years ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded no impairment charges of its amortizable intangible assets, buildings, machinery and equipment.

ADVERTISING

ADVERTISING:

The Company expenses the cost of advertising and promotion as incurred. Advertising costs charged to operations totaled $32,455 and $35,369 for the years ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES:

The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to the asset and liability method which requires deferred income tax assets and liabilities to be computed for temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The income tax provision or benefit is the tax incurred for the period plus or minus the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

COFFEE HOLDING CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

OCTOBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d):

(LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE

(LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE:

Basic (loss) earnings per common share was computed by dividing net (loss) income by the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted (loss) earnings per common share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect of common shares issuable upon exercise of potential sources of dilution. The Company has 921,000 options outstanding which have not been included in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share because they are anti-dilutive.

The weighted average common shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share were 5,708,599 for the years ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:

The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, notes due to/(from) broker and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying amount of the bank line of credit approximates fair value because the debt is based on current rates at which the Company could borrow funds with similar remaining maturities. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information about the financial instruments when available. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

The Company measures fair value as required by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC Topic 820”). ASC Topic 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework and gives guidance regarding the methods used for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC Topic 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, there exists a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

A)	Level 1 – unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access as of the measurement date.
B)	Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are directly observable for the asset or liability or indirectly observable through corroboration with observable market data.
C)	Level 3 – unobservable inputs for the asset or liability only used when there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value.

COFFEE HOLDING CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

OCTOBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d):

REVENUE RECOGNITION

REVENUE RECOGNITION:

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the five-step model as prescribed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606 (“ASC 606”) in which the Company evaluates the transfer of promised goods or services and recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for the arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The following table presents revenues by product line for the years ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.

	2024		2023
Green	$	31,177,003	$	30,582,179
Packaged		47,385,295		37,591,225
Totals	$	78,562,298	$	68,173,404

Revenue for these product lines is recognized upon shipment to the customer.

SHIPPING AND HANDLING FEES AND COSTS

SHIPPING AND HANDLING FEES AND COSTS:

Revenue earned from shipping and handling fees is reflected in net sales. Costs associated with shipping product to customers aggregating approximately $2,700,000 and $2,539,000 for the years ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is included in cost of sales.

CONCENTRATION OF RISK

CONCENTRATION OF RISK:

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits at financial institutions and brokerage firms.

Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to certain limits. At October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had approximately $780,000 and $2,092,000 in excess of FDIC insured limits, respectively.

The accounts at the brokerage firm contain cash and securities. Balances are insured up to $500,000, with a limit of $100,000 for cash, by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC).

COFFEE HOLDING CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

OCTOBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d):

EQUITY METHOD OF ACCOUNTING

EQUITY METHOD OF ACCOUNTING:

Investee companies that are not consolidated, but over which the Company exercises significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Whether or not the Company exercises significant influence with respect to an Investee depends on an evaluation of several factors including, among others, representation on the Investee company’s board of directors and ownership level, which is generally a 20% to 50% interest in the voting securities of the Investee company. Under the equity method of accounting, an Investee company’s accounts are not reflected within the Company’s consolidated Balance Sheets and consolidated Statements of Operations; however, the Company’s share of the earnings or losses of the Investee company is reflected in the caption “Loss from equity method investments” in the consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s carrying value in an equity method Investee company is reflected in the caption “Equity method investments” in the Company’s consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s equity method investments consist of the following:

(1) 20% interest in Healthwise Gourmet Coffees, LLC, a distributor of low acidity coffees. The initial investment in this company amounted to $100,000. The loss recognized amounted to $25 and $16,925 for the years ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The carrying amount of this investment as presented on the consolidated balance sheet at October 31, 2024 and 2023 was $39,651 and $39,676, respectively.

INVESTMENTS - OTHER

INVESTMENTS - OTHER:

Investment – other represent investments made by the Company that do not qualify as equity method investments as the Company cannot exercise significant influence over the target. The Company accounts for these investments in accordance with ASC Topic 321 “Investments – Equity Securities” (“ASC 321”). In August 2021, the Company made an investment of $2,500,000 in an entity that hold investments in the plant-based protein drink manufacturing industry. The Company has determined they do not have significant influence over the investee. Pursuant to ASC 321, the Company has elected an alternate measurement to account for this investment at cost less any impairment with adjustments to fair value if there are observable price changes. This investment was sold in October 2023. The sale price was $3,150,000, which is presented as a receivable on our balance sheet as of October 31, 2023. We also reported the gain of $650,000 on our statement of operations for the year ended October 31, 2023.

COFFEE HOLDING CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

OCTOBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d):

LEASES

LEASES:

Leases are accounted for under ASC 842. The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. The Company’s operating lease arrangements are comprised of real estate and facility leases. Right of use assets represent the Company’s right to use the underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right of use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate and the implicit rate is not readily determinable, the Company estimates its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the measurement date in determining the present value of the lease payments. Right of use assets also exclude lease incentives.

ACCOUNTING PRONOUCEMENTS ADOPTED

ACCOUNTING PRONOUCEMENTS ADOPTED

The Company follows the FASB Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326).” This guidance requires entities to use a current expected credit loss impairment model rather than incurred losses. The Company considers factors such as credit quality, age of balances, historical experience and current and future economic conditions that may affect the Company’s expectation of collectability in determining the allowance for credit losses. The standard became effective for the Company on November 1, 2023. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

ACCOUNTING PRONOUCEMENTS NOT YET ADOPTED

ACCOUNTING PRONOUCEMENTS NOT YET ADOPTED:

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, “Disclosure Improvements – Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative.” This standard affects a wide variety of Topics in the Codification. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting – Improving Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic 280).” The standard is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant expenses. The standard requires disclosure to include significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), a description of other segment items by reportable segment, and any additional measures of a segment’s profit or loss used by the CODM when deciding how to allocate resources. The standard also requires all annual disclosures currently required by ASC Topic 280 to be included in interim periods. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted, and requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” a final standard on improvements to income tax disclosures, The standard requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted and should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.