13. Commitments and Contingencies

Financial Matters

In 2012, we sold our former subsidiary, SSL, to MDA Communications Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of Maxar Technologies Inc. (formerly known as MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd.) (“MDA”) pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, we are obligated to indemnify MDA and its affiliates from liabilities with respect to certain pre-closing taxes. Our consolidated balance sheets include an indemnification refund receivable of $0.6 million and $2.4 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Certain tax assessments against SSL for 2007 to 2010 have been settled, resulting in our having received during the second and third quarters of 2019 refunds of prior indemnification payments totaling $1.8 million. The remaining receivable as of December 31, 2019 represents payments to date over the estimated fair value of the remaining liability for our indemnification of SSL pre-closing taxes where the final amounts have not yet been determined. Where appropriate, we intend vigorously to contest the underlying tax assessments, but there can be no assurance that we will be successful. Although no assurance can be provided, we do not believe that these tax-related matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

In connection with the sale in 2008 by Loral and certain of its subsidiaries and DASA Globalstar LLC to Globalstar Inc. of their respective interests in GdB, the Globalstar Brazilian service provider, Loral agreed to indemnify Globalstar Inc. and GdB for certain GdB pre-closing liabilities, primarily related to Brazilian taxes. Our consolidated balance sheets include liabilities of $0.1 million and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, for indemnification liabilities relating to the sale of GdB.

See Note 14 — Related Party Transactions — Transactions with Affiliates — Telesat for commitments and contingencies relating to our agreement to indemnify Telesat for certain liabilities.

Lease Arrangements

We lease a facility and certain equipment under agreements expiring at various dates. We may renew, extend or modify a lease covering facilities as needed. We have no sublease income in any of the periods presented.

We changed our method of accounting for leases in the first quarter of 2019 due to the adoption of ASC 842. We adopted ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method and elected to apply the transition as of the beginning of the period of adoption. Accordingly, financial information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019 is presented under ASC 842, whereas the financial information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018 is presented under ASC 840, Leases.

Upon adoption of ASC 842, we recognized a right-of-use asset and lease liability of $0.3 million for an operating lease on our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. In March 2019, the operating lease was modified by extending the lease termination date from June 30, 2019 to June 30, 2020 and increasing the rent for the extension period. In December 2019, the operating lease was further modified by extending the lease termination date to June 30, 2021. As a result, the right-of-use asset increased to $1.0 million as of December 31, 2019. The right-of-use asset is being amortized over the life of the lease. Lease costs expensed for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):


	Lease Expense
Year ended December 31, 2019	$	677
Year ended December 31, 2018		680

Lease payments for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $0.7 million. The remaining lease term as of December 31, 2019 is 18 months, and we used a discount rate of 7.5% to compute the lease liability at inception and at each modification date.

The following is a reconciliation of the future operating lease payments to operating lease liability as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):


2020	$	701
2021		350
Total operating lease payments		1,051
Less: Interest		(54)
Operating lease liability	$	997

Amounts recognized in Balance Sheet
Other current liabilities	$	652
Other liabilities		345
	$	997

Legal Proceedings

We are not currently subject to any legal proceedings that, if decided adversely, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations. In the future, however, we may become subject to legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, that may arise in the ordinary course of business or otherwise.