UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION |
Washington, D.C. 20549 |
FORM N-CSR |
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES |
Investment Company Act file number: | (811-07513) |
Exact name of registrant as specified in charter: | Putnam Funds Trust |
Address of principal executive offices: | One Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02109 |
Name and address of agent for service: | Robert T. Burns, Vice President One Post Office Square Boston, Massachusetts 02109 |
Copy to: | Bryan Chegwidden, Esq. Ropes & Gray LLP 1211 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10036 |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: | (617) 292-1000 |
Date of fiscal year end: | November 30, 2016 |
Date of reporting period : | December 1, 2015 — November 30, 2016 |
Item 1. Report to Stockholders: |
The following is a copy of the report transmitted to stockholders pursuant to Rule 30e-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940: |
Putnam
Emerging Markets
Income Fund
Annual report
11 | 30 | 16
Message from the Trustees | 1 | ||
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About the fund | 2 | ||
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Interview with your fund’s portfolio manager | 5 | ||
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Your fund’s performance | 11 | ||
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Your fund’s expenses | 14 | ||
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Terms and definitions | 16 | ||
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Other information for shareholders | 17 | ||
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Important notice regarding Putnam’s privacy policy | 18 | ||
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Trustee approval of management contract | 19 | ||
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Financial statements | 23 | ||
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Federal tax information | 48 | ||
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About the Trustees | 49 | ||
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Officers | 51 |
Consider these risks before investing: Bond prices may fall or fail to rise over time for several reasons, including general financial market conditions, changing market perceptions of the risk of default, changes in government intervention, and factors related to a specific issuer or industry. These factors may also lead to periods of high volatility and reduced liquidity in the bond markets. International investing involves currency, economic, and political risks. Emerging-market securities carry illiquidity and volatility risks. Bond investments are subject to interest-rate risk (the risk of bond prices falling if interest rates rise) and credit risk (the risk of an issuer defaulting on interest or principal payments). Interest-rate risk is greater for longer-term bonds, and credit risk is greater for below-investment-grade bonds. Unlike bonds, funds that invest in bonds have fees and expenses. Risks associated with derivatives include increased investment exposure (which may be considered leverage) and, in the case of over-the-counter instruments, the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions and the potential failure of the other party to the instrument to meet its obligations. The fund is considered non-diversified and can invest a greater portion of its assets in securities of individual issuers than can a diversified fund. As a result, changes in the market value of a single investment could cause greater fluctuations in share price than would occur in a more diversified fund. You can lose money by investing in the fund. Emerging markets often do not provide legal remedies for bondholders comparable to those available to bondholders in the United States, and it may not be possible to dispose of bonds of distressed issuers.
Message from the Trustees
January 11, 2017
Dear Fellow Shareholder:
As investors around the world greet the new year, many might feel relieved at the prospect of moving beyond some of the more memorable financial market challenges of 2016. Last years dramatic political changes tested markets. Fortunately, in many cases market turbulence in the immediate aftermath of key events was followed by rebounds in performance and investor sentiment.
Of course, uncertainties and macroeconomic risks do not simply disappear with the close of the calendar year, especially given the significant change in conditions for the bond market and the potential for inflation. As such, we believe investors should welcome 2017 with a focus on time-tested strategies: maintain a well-diversified portfolio, keep a long-term view, and do not overreact to short-term market fluctuations. To help ensure that your portfolio is aligned with your individual goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk, we also believe it is a good idea to speak regularly with your financial advisor.
In todays environment, we favor the investment approach practiced at Putnam active strategies based on fundamental research. Putnam portfolio managers, backed by a network of global analysts, bring years of experience to navigating changing market conditions and pursuing investment opportunities. In the following pages, you will find an overview of your funds performance for the reporting period ended November 30, 2016, as well as an outlook for the coming months.
Thank you for investing with Putnam.
Current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted past performance, which cannot guarantee future results. Share price, principal value, and return will fluctuate, and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares. Performance of class A shares assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes. Fund returns in the bar chart do not reflect a sales charge of 4.00%; had they, returns would have been lower. See below and pages 11–14 for additional performance information. For a portion of the periods, the fund had expense limitations, without which returns would have been lower. To obtain the most recent month-end performance, visit putnam.com.
* The fund’s blended benchmark is an unmanaged index administered by Putnam Management, and is equally weighted between the JPMorgan Emerging Markets Bond Index Global Diversified, the JPMorgan Corporate Emerging Markets Bond Index Diversified, and the JPMorgan Government Bond Index — Emerging Markets Global Diversified.
This comparison shows your fund’s performance in the context of broad market indexes for the 12 months ended 11/30/16. See above and pages 11–14 for additional fund performance information. Index descriptions can be found on page 16.
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Paul is Co-Head of Fixed Income at Putnam. He holds an M.B.A. from The University of Chicago Booth School of Business and a B.A. from Colgate University. Paul joined Putnam in 1999 and has been in the investment industry since 1986.
In addition to Paul, your fund is managed by Putnam Chief Investment Officer of Fixed Income D. William Kohli and Portfolio Manager Michael J. Atkin.
Paul, what was the environment like for emerging-market debt [EMD] investors for the 12-month reporting period ended November 30, 2016?
There were two episodes of market weakness in the context of an otherwise strong period for EMD. December 2015 started well but the market soon experienced a sharp selloff that continued through late January 2016. EMD was not the only asset class affected by this market decline, as the suggestion of more interest-rate hikes by the U.S. Federal Reserve, a slowdown in China’s growth, and weakness across the global commodity complex led investors to steer clear of most types of risky assets. However, the downturn gave way in early 2016 to a surprisingly strong and sustained rally, particularly for emerging-market assets.
The second episode of challenging performance for EMD occurred in the wake of the U.S. presidential election. As market participants sought to interpret the meaning of the election of Donald Trump, it became clear that the President-elect might be friendly to U.S. businesses but also that his domestic and foreign policies could have the effect of boosting interest rates and the U.S. dollar’s
Emerging Markets Income Fund 5 |
Allocations are shown as a percentage of the fund’s net assets as of 11/30/16. Cash and net other assets, if any, represent the market value weights of cash, derivatives, short-term securities, and other unclassified assets in the portfolio. Summary information may differ from the information in the portfolio schedule notes included in the financial statements due to the inclusion of derivative securities, any interest accruals, the exclusion of as-of trades, if any, and rounding. Holdings and allocations may vary over time.
This table shows the fund’s top 10 individual holdings and the percentage of the fund’s net assets that each represented as of 11/30/16. Short-term investments, TBA commitments, and derivatives, if any, are excluded. Holdings may vary over time.
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relative strength. In the first two weeks following the election on November 8, emerging-market assets suffered from this election effect, as higher interest rates and dollar strength are generally headwinds for developing economies and markets. Moreover, EMD generally underperformed other asset types due to uncertainty regarding the policy trajectory for trade and immigration under President-elect Trump. In this respect, Mexico’s asset markets stood out as hyperbolic examples of the sensitivity of EMD to a variety of Trump’s more aggressive campaign promises.
How did the fund perform in this environment?
Despite periods of pressure, EMD performed well for the period overall, while the fund trailed its benchmark, the Putnam Emerging Markets Income Blended Index (Equal Weighted), by a modest amount. One area of weakness that partially accounts for this underperformance was in the portfolio’s emerging-market [EM] currency exposures, where our benchmark-relative underweight during a period of EM currency strength detracted from relative returns.
In terms of regional exposures, how did the fund’s Latin American exposures perform?
The fund’s positions in Latin American government debt generally performed well in absolute and relative terms during the reporting period. For a number of years, we have had a bias in the portfolio in favor of Latin American debt opportunities for a variety of reasons, including what we consider to be their attractive yield characteristics.
Throughout the period, we continued to have a large exposure to Argentine debt. Importantly, Argentina issued new debt during the period for the first time in 15 years, an event that was greeted with exuberance by global bond investors. While this development boosted Argentine debt performance through virtually the entire period — and to a greater degree than we expected — we reduced the fund’s Argentine debt exposure by period-end. Although the new Argentine government under President Mauricio Macri, who took office in December 2015, has acted fairly quickly to stabilize and revitalize the flagging economy, there have been some signs more recently that the government was falling short in progress toward its reform goals. This, in turn, somewhat dampened the recovery of Argentine debt from the post-U.S. election shock.
We also continued to hold a position in Venezuelan debt during the reporting period. Specifically, we allocated funds to short-term debt and some longer-term debt that has consistently traded at a steep discount to par, in our view, effectively pricing in an eventual sovereign default by the Venezuelan government. As background, the country has descended into economic crisis in the wake of the past two-plus years of weak oil prices. Oil accounts for the lion’s share of Venezuela’s wealth, but we estimate that with oil prices under $100 per barrel, commodity market weakness will continue to translate into economic pain on a national level. By the end of the period, we stopped reinvesting in short-term Venezuelan debt, as we believe that, eventually, a sovereign default will happen because of the government’s mismanagement of the economy and in light of our view that the risk/reward trade-off had become less attractive.
After the fund’s semiannual period-end [May 31, 2016], you spoke about the fund’s Russian debt exposure as a positive contributor to relative performance. Did this performance trend continue?
One of the fund’s biggest sovereign positions is in Russian debt, and it has continued to
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perform well. Of all the oil-exporting countries in the world, Russia fared among the best amid the dramatic decline in oil prices from roughly August 2014 through early 2016. The reasons for this include Russia’s — or, really, Russian president Vladimir Putin’s — ability to enact virtually any desired domestic economic policy measures to counterbalance the impact of weak oil prices, and the fact that Russia generally lacks fiscal costs that are linked to the U.S. dollar. Furthermore, Russia, unlike many other energy exporters, has done an effective job at not allowing its domestic costs (for both oil production and government spending) to rise when the exchange rate weakens. In our view, this has allowed the exchange rate to take a lot of the economic strain, helping to shield Russia from the worst effects of the oil price decline.
Another key factor supporting the performance of Russian debt is technical in nature. Because of U.S. and European sanctions against Russia, many would-be buyers of Russian debt are effectively barred by regulators from purchasing any new Russian debt issues. In other words, the political climate has led to an artificial scarcity of Russian bonds, and that has the effect of driving up the demand for Russian debt securities already in circulation.
Do you expect sanctions against Russia will end in 2017, particularly given President-elect Trump’s apparent interest in reforging closer U.S./Russia relations?
It is unclear at this stage what will happen on either side of this geopolitical equation. It is certainly possible that President-elect Trump will favor a softer stance toward Russia, despite its reputation as an invader and geopolitical pariah. For its part, the European Union recently voted to extend economic sanctions against Russia, so there are some policy signals that indicate to us that sanctions will not go away soon. In any case, we expect our position may continue to benefit from what we view as Russia’s economic resilience and the scarcity of Russian debt and, if sanctions are lifted, we
Credit qualities are shown as a percentage of the fund’s net assets as of 11/30/16. A bond rated BBB or higher (A-3 or higher, for short-term debt) is considered investment grade. This chart reflects the highest security rating provided by one or more of Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s, and Fitch. To-be-announced (TBA) mortgage commitments, if any, are included based on their issuer ratings. Ratings may vary over time.
Cash, derivative instruments, and net other assets are shown in the not-rated category. Payables and receivables for TBA mortgage commitments are included in the not-rated category and may result in negative weights. The fund itself has not been rated by an independent rating agency.
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expect our position would benefit because more investors would be able to invest in this market. Having said that, another large fall in oil prices would not be good for Russia or Russian debt. Nevertheless, we remain comfortable with our position in light of the market’s expectations for oil markets to trend toward a balance of supply and demand.
What are your views on China and other Asian debt markets?
We see China as a key source of risk to the global economy for a variety of reasons. Having said that, we do own some Chinese corporate debt exposures in the fund. We also own other Asian market debt securities — primarily debt issued by Indonesia and the Philippines — but these, too, we see as bearing some risk by virtue of their vulnerability to China’s economy.
Indonesia, for example, is a relatively large and liquid market, so it tends to move in sync with Asian markets overall. The Philippines, by contrast, is a more idiosyncratically positioned growth story. The yields on hard-currency Philippine bonds have been extraordinarily low, as has their liquidity. So while some of the more dramatic political rhetoric and aggressive domestic actions of Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte led to some selling of Philippine debt during the period, Philippine bonds’ relative illiquidity partially insulated their price.
How did EM currency fluctuations affect the fund during the period?
Currency moves in emerging markets acted like an amplified version of the market story we have been discussing, including during the two periods of market pressure and the February-to-September market rally. Our currency positioning, which we expressed using forward currency contracts — agreements between two parties to buy and sell currencies at a set price on a future date — contributed to relative performance during the period. However, our overall positioning detracted from performance, primarily because we
ABOUT DERIVATIVES
Derivatives are an increasingly common type of investment instrument, the performance of which is derived from an underlying security, index, currency, or other area of the capital markets. Derivatives employed by the fund’s managers generally serve one of two main purposes: to implement a strategy that may be difficult or more expensive to invest in through traditional securities, or to hedge unwanted risk associated with a particular position.
For example, the fund’s managers might use currency forward contracts to capitalize on an anticipated change in exchange rates between two currencies. This approach would require a significantly smaller outlay of capital than purchasing traditional bonds denominated in the underlying currencies. In another example, the managers may identify a bond that they believe is undervalued relative to its risk of default, but may seek to reduce the interest-rate risk of that bond by using interest-rate swaps, a derivative through which two parties “swap” payments based on the movement of certain rates.
Like any other investment, derivatives may not appreciate in value and may lose money. Derivatives may amplify traditional investment risks through the creation of leverage and may be less liquid than traditional securities. And because derivatives typically represent contractual agreements between two financial institutions, derivatives entail “counterparty risk,” which is the risk that the other party is unable or unwilling to pay. Putnam monitors the counterparty risks we assume. For example, Putnam often enters into collateral agreements that require the counterparties to post collateral on a regular basis to cover their obligations to the fund. Counterparty risk for exchange-traded futures and centrally cleared swaps is mitigated by the daily exchange of margin and other safeguards against default through their respective clearinghouses.
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underweighted currency exposures when EM currencies rallied, and then slightly overweighted currencies just as they headed into a period of weakness.
In some cases, volatility in foreign exchange markets was elevated because of domestic political developments. This was the case in Turkey, for example, where an attempted coup against the Turkish state in July 2016 led to the subsequent corrosion of judicial and other institutions in Turkey.
What is your outlook for EMD in the months ahead?
Looking ahead, we do see some key risks that we will watch closely. First and foremost, interest rates in the United States could rise too far, too fast, depending on the approach the U.S. Federal Reserve takes to combat inflation pressures. Higher U.S. rates — and greater dollar strength — are negative for emerging markets because higher rates undercut EM issuers’ ability to service their dollar-denominated debt. Second, we think that if President-elect Trump adopts a protectionist economic stance — which he promised to do, in various forms, during his campaign — that could also lead to weakness in EM economies and markets.
Emerging markets have benefited for years from low interest rates, which were kept artificially low for an extended period by developed market central banks. Moreover, they have benefited economically from better integration with the rest of the global economy. If these two tailwinds shift into headwinds, that, in our view, would pose serious risks to emerging-market assets.
That said, this negative scenario is not the only one we see as potentially unfolding in 2017. In our view, we think we may take a few steps in the direction of higher rates, greater dollar strength, and negative U.S. trade policy trajectories, but we also believe that in the short term there are limits for how bad things can get. For example, we see rates as having a short-term ceiling. Furthermore, we think President-elect Trump may not necessarily push forward too quickly with protectionist or trade-disrupting policies. As we get clarity over policy and rate changes in the next 12 months, we expect the balance of bear and bull scenarios will tilt one way or the other. Until then, we remain on the lookout for what we believe to be new and attractively valued opportunities that we think can thrive in the evolving rate and policy environments.
Thank you, Paul, for this update on the fund.
The views expressed in this report are exclusively those of Putnam Management and are subject to change. They are not meant as investment advice.
Please note that the holdings discussed in this report may not have been held by the fund for the entire period. Portfolio composition is subject to review in accordance with the fund’s investment strategy and may vary in the future. Current and future portfolio holdings are subject to risk.
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Your fund’s performance
This section shows your fund’s performance, price, and distribution information for periods ended November 30, 2016, the end of its most recent fiscal year. In accordance with regulatory requirements for mutual funds, we also include performance information as of the most recent calendar quarter-end and expense information taken from the fund’s current prospectus. Performance should always be considered in light of a fund’s investment strategy. Data represent past performance. Past performance does not guarantee future results. More recent returns may be less or more than those shown. Investment return and principal value will fluctuate, and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares. Performance information does not reflect any deduction for taxes a shareholder may owe on fund distributions or on the redemption of fund shares. For the most recent month-end performance, please visit the Individual Investors section at putnam.com or call Putnam at 1-800-225-1581. Class Y shares are not available to all investors. See the Terms and Definitions section in this report for definitions of the share classes offered by your fund.
Fund performance Total return for periods ended 11/30/16
Annual | Annual | ||||
Life of fund | average | 3 years | average | 1 year | |
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Class A (3/27/13) | |||||
Before sales charge | 0.17% | 0.04% | 7.33% | 2.39% | 6.55% |
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After sales charge | –3.84 | –1.06 | 3.04 | 1.00 | 2.28 |
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Class B (3/27/13) | |||||
Before CDSC | –2.61 | –0.72 | 4.93 | 1.62 | 5.81 |
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After CDSC | –5.19 | –1.44 | 2.09 | 0.69 | 0.81 |
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Class C (3/27/13) | |||||
Before CDSC | –2.62 | –0.72 | 4.91 | 1.61 | 5.70 |
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After CDSC | –2.62 | –0.72 | 4.91 | 1.61 | 4.70 |
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Class M (3/27/13) | |||||
Before sales charge | –0.76 | –0.21 | 6.51 | 2.13 | 6.29 |
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After sales charge | –3.98 | –1.10 | 3.05 | 1.01 | 2.84 |
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Class Y (3/27/13) | |||||
Net asset value | 1.11 | 0.30 | 8.16 | 2.65 | 6.92 |
Current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted past performance, which cannot guarantee future results. After-sales-charge returns for class A and M shares reflect the deduction of the maximum 4.00% and 3.25% sales charge, respectively, levied at the time of purchase. Class B share returns after contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) reflect the applicable CDSC, which is 5% in the first year, declining over time to 1% in the sixth year, and is eliminated thereafter. Class C share returns after CDSC reflect a 1% CDSC for the first year that is eliminated thereafter. Class Y shares have no initial sales charge or CDSC.
For a portion of the periods, the fund had expense limitations, without which returns would have been lower.
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Comparative index returns For periods ended 11/30/16
Annual | Annual | ||||
Life of fund | average | 3 years | average | 1 year | |
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Putnam Emerging | |||||
Markets Income | |||||
Blended Index | 1.41% | 0.38% | 6.53% | 2.13% | 7.02% |
(Equal Weighted)* | |||||
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Lipper Emerging | |||||
Markets Hard | |||||
Currency Debt | 1.13 | 0.22 | 7.09 | 2.24 | 6.87 |
Funds category | |||||
average† |
Index and Lipper results should be compared with fund performance before sales charge, before CDSC, or at net asset value.
* The fund’s blended benchmark is an unmanaged index administered by Putnam Management, and is equally weighted between the JPMorgan Emerging Markets Bond Index Global Diversified, the JPMorgan Corporate Emerging Markets Bond Index Diversified, and the JPMorgan Government Bond Index — Emerging Markets Global Diversified.
† Over the 1-year, 3-year, and life-of-fund periods ended 11/30/16, there were 265, 203, and 156 funds, respectively, in this Lipper category.
Past performance does not indicate future results. At the end of the same time period, a $10,000 investment in the fund’s class B shares would have been valued at $9,739 ($9,481 after contingent deferred sales charge). A $10,000 investment in the fund’s class C shares would be valued at $9,738, and no contingent deferred sales charge would apply. A $10,000 investment in the fund’s class M shares ($9,675 after sales charge) would have been valued at $9,602. A $10,000 investment in the fund’s class Y shares would have been valued at $10,111.
* The fund’s blended benchmark is an unmanaged index administered by Putnam Management, and is equally weighted between the JPMorgan Emerging Markets Bond Index Global Diversified, the JPMorgan Corporate Emerging Markets Bond Index Diversified, and the JPMorgan Government Bond Index — Emerging Markets Global Diversified.
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Fund price and distribution information For the 12-month period ended 11/30/16
Distributions | Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class Y | ||
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Number | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | ||
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Income | $0.280 | $0.228 | $0.230 | $0.259 | $0.300 | ||
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Capital gains | |||||||
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Long-term gains | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.056 | ||
Short-term gains | — | — | — | — | — | ||
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Total | $0.336 | $0.284 | $0.286 | $0.315 | $0.356 | ||
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Before | After | Net | Net | Before | After | Net | |
sales | sales | asset | asset | sales | sales | asset | |
Share value | charge | charge | value | value | charge | charge | value |
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11/30/15 | $8.42 | $8.77 | $8.40 | $8.42 | $8.42 | $8.70 | $8.41 |
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11/30/16 | 8.63 | 8.99 | 8.60 | 8.61 | 8.63 | 8.92 | 8.63 |
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Before | After | Net | Net | Before | After | Net | |
sales | sales | asset | asset | sales | sales | asset | |
Current rate (end of period) | charge | charge | value | value | charge | charge | value |
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Current dividend rate 1 | 3.89% | 3.74% | 3.21% | 3.07% | 3.48% | 3.36% | 4.17% |
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Current 30-day SEC yield | |||||||
(with expense limitation) 2,3 | N/A | 3.95 | 3.29 | 3.24 | N/A | 3.71 | 4.36 |
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Current 30-day SEC yield | |||||||
(without expense limitation) 3 | N/A | 3.11 | 2.43 | 2.37 | N/A | 2.86 | 3.48 |
The classification of distributions, if any, is an estimate. Before-sales-charge share value and current dividend rate for class A and M shares, if applicable, do not take into account any sales charge levied at the time of purchase. After-sales-charge share value, current dividend rate, and current 30-day SEC yield, if applicable, are calculated assuming that the maximum sales charge (4.00% for class A shares and 3.25% for class M shares) was levied at the time of purchase. Final distribution information will appear on your year-end tax forms.
1 Most recent distribution, including any return of capital and excluding capital gains, annualized and divided by share price before or after sales charge at period-end.
2 For a portion of the periods, the fund had expense limitations, without which returns would have been lower.
3 Based only on investment income and calculated using the maximum offering price for each share class, in accordance with SEC guidelines.
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Fund performance as of most recent calendar quarter Total return for periods ended 12/31/16
Annual | Annual | ||||
Life of fund | average | 3 years | average | 1 year | |
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Class A (3/27/13) | |||||
Before sales charge | 1.77% | 0.47% | 9.22% | 2.98% | 11.18% |
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After sales charge | –2.30 | –0.62 | 4.85 | 1.59 | 6.74 |
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Class B (3/27/13) | |||||
Before CDSC | –1.12 | –0.30 | 6.66 | 2.17 | 10.28 |
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After CDSC | –3.73 | –1.01 | 3.77 | 1.24 | 5.28 |
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Class C (3/27/13) | |||||
Before CDSC | –1.01 | –0.27 | 6.88 | 2.24 | 10.42 |
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After CDSC | –1.01 | –0.27 | 6.88 | 2.24 | 9.42 |
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Class M (3/27/13) | |||||
Before sales charge | 0.81 | 0.21 | 8.37 | 2.72 | 10.78 |
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After sales charge | –2.47 | –0.66 | 4.85 | 1.59 | 7.18 |
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Class Y (3/27/13) | |||||
Net asset value | 2.75 | 0.72 | 10.06 | 3.25 | 11.44 |
See the discussion following the fund performance table on page 11 for information about the calculation of fund performance.
Your fund’s expenses
As a mutual fund investor, you pay ongoing expenses, such as management fees, distribution fees (12b-1 fees), and other expenses. In the most recent six-month period, your fund’s expenses were limited; had expenses not been limited, they would have been higher. Using the following information, you can estimate how these expenses affect your investment and compare them with the expenses of other funds. You may also pay one-time transaction expenses, including sales charges (loads) and redemption fees, which are not shown in this section and would have resulted in higher total expenses. For more information, see your fund’s prospectus or talk to your financial representative.
Expense ratios
Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class Y | |
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Net expenses for the fiscal year | |||||
ended 11/30/15* | 1.25% | 2.00% | 2.00% | 1.50% | 1.00% |
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Total annual operating expenses | |||||
for the fiscal year ended 11/30/15 | 2.40% | 3.15% | 3.15% | 2.65% | 2.15% |
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Annualized expense ratio for | |||||
the six-month period ended | |||||
11/30/16† | 1.25% | 2.00% | 2.00% | 1.50% | 1.00% |
Fiscal-year expense information in this table is taken from the most recent prospectus, is subject to change, and may differ from that shown for the annualized expense ratio and in the financial highlights of this report.
Expenses are shown as a percentage of average net assets.
* Reflects Putnam Management’s contractual obligation to limit expenses through 3/30/17.
† Expense ratios for each class are for the fund’s most recent fiscal half year. As a result of this, ratios may differ from expense ratios based on one-year data in the financial highlights.
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Expenses per $1,000
The following table shows the expenses you would have paid on a $1,000 investment in each class of the fund from 6/1/16 to 11/30/16. It also shows how much a $1,000 investment would be worth at the close of the period, assuming actual returns and expenses.
Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class Y | |
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Expenses paid per $1,000 *† | $6.33 | $10.11 | $10.10 | $7.59 | $5.07 |
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Ending value (after expenses) | $1,024.70 | $1,021.10 | $1,020.90 | $1,023.20 | $1,026.00 |
* Expenses for each share class are calculated using the fund’s annualized expense ratio for each class, which represents the ongoing expenses as a percentage of average net assets for the six months ended 11/30/16. The expense ratio may differ for each share class.
† Expenses are calculated by multiplying the expense ratio by the average account value for the period; then multiplying the result by the number of days in the period; and then dividing that result by the number of days in the year.
Estimate the expenses you paid
To estimate the ongoing expenses you paid for the six months ended 11/30/16, use the following calculation method. To find the value of your investment on 6/1/16, call Putnam at 1-800-225-1581.
Compare expenses using the SEC’s method
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has established guidelines to help investors assess fund expenses. Per these guidelines, the following table shows your fund’s expenses based on a $1,000 investment, assuming a hypothetical 5% annualized return. You can use this information to compare the ongoing expenses (but not transaction expenses or total costs) of investing in the fund with those of other funds. All mutual fund shareholder reports will provide this information to help you make this comparison. Please note that you cannot use this information to estimate your actual ending account balance and expenses paid during the period.
Class A | Class B | Class C | Class M | Class Y | |
| |||||
Expenses paid per $1,000 *† | $6.31 | $10.08 | $10.08 | $7.57 | $5.05 |
| |||||
Ending value (after expenses) | $1,018.75 | $1,015.00 | $1,015.00 | $1,017.50 | $1,020.00 |
* Expenses for each share class are calculated using the fund’s annualized expense ratio for each class, which represents the ongoing expenses as a percentage of average net assets for the six months ended 11/30/16. The expense ratio may differ for each share class.
† Expenses are calculated by multiplying the expense ratio by the average account value for the six-month period; then multiplying the result by the number of days in the six-month period; and then dividing that result by the number of days in the year.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 15 |
Terms and definitions
Important terms
Total return shows how the value of the fund’s shares changed over time, assuming you held the shares through the entire period and reinvested all distributions in the fund.
Before sales charge, or net asset value, is the price, or value, of one share of a mutual fund, without a sales charge. Before-sales-charge figures fluctuate with market conditions, and are calculated by dividing the net assets of each class of shares by the number of outstanding shares in the class.
After sales charge is the price of a mutual fund share plus the maximum sales charge levied at the time of purchase. After-sales-charge performance figures shown here assume the 4.00% maximum sales charge for class A shares and 3.25% for class M shares.
Contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is generally a charge applied at the time of the redemption of class B or C shares and assumes redemption at the end of the period. Your fund’s class B CDSC declines over time from a 5% maximum during the first year to 1% during the sixth year. After the sixth year, the CDSC no longer applies. The CDSC for class C shares is 1% for one year after purchase.
Share classes
Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge and no CDSC (except on certain redemptions of shares bought without an initial sales charge).
Class B shares are not subject to an initial sales charge and may be subject to a CDSC.
Class C shares are not subject to an initial sales charge and are subject to a CDSC only if the shares are redeemed during the first year.
Class M shares have a lower initial sales charge and a higher 12b-1 fee than class A shares and no CDSC.
Class Y shares are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC, and carry no 12b-1 fee. They are generally only available to corporate and institutional clients and clients in other approved programs.
Fixed-income terms
Current rate is the annual rate of return earned from dividends or interest of an investment. Current rate is expressed as a percentage of the price of a security, fund share, or principal investment.
Yield curve is a graph that plots the yields of bonds with equal credit quality against their differing maturity dates, ranging from shortest to longest. It is used as a benchmark for other debt, such as mortgage or bank lending rates.
Comparative indexes
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. 3-Month Treasury Bill Index is an unmanaged index that seeks to measure the performance of U.S. Treasury bills available in the marketplace.
JPMorgan Developed High Yield Index is an unmanaged index of high-yield fixed-income securities issued in developed countries.
Putnam Emerging Markets Income Blended Index (Equal Weighted) is equally weighted between one-third JPMorgan Emerging Markets Bond Index Global Diversified, one-third JP Morgan Corporate Emerging Markets Bond Index Diversified, and one-third JPMorgan Government Bond Index – Emerging Markets Global Diversified.
S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged index of common stock performance.
Indexes assume reinvestment of all distributions and do not account for fees. Securities and performance of a fund and an index will differ. You cannot invest directly in an index.
Lipper is a third-party industry-ranking entity that ranks mutual funds. Its rankings do not reflect sales charges. Lipper rankings
16 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
are based on total return at net asset value relative to other funds that have similar current investment styles or objectives as determined by Lipper. Lipper may change a fund’s category assignment at its discretion. Lipper category averages reflect performance trends for funds within a category.
Other information for shareholders
Proxy voting
Putnam is committed to managing our mutual funds in the best interests of our shareholders. The Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures, as well as information regarding how your fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30, 2016, are available in the Individual Investors section of putnam.com, and on the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) website, www.sec.gov. If you have questions about finding forms on the SEC’s website, you may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain the Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures at no charge by calling Putnam’s Shareholder Services at 1-800-225-1581.
Fund portfolio holdings
The fund will file a complete schedule of its portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-Q. Shareholders may obtain the fund’s Form N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, the fund’s Form N-Q may be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information about the SEC’s website or the operation of the Public Reference Room.
Trustee and employee fund ownership
Putnam employees and members of the Board of Trustees place their faith, confidence, and, most importantly, investment dollars in Putnam mutual funds. As of November 30, 2016, Putnam employees had approximately $451,000,000 and the Trustees had approximately $133,000,000 invested in Putnam mutual funds. These amounts include investments by the Trustees’ and employees’ immediate family members as well as investments through retirement and deferred compensation plans.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 17 |
Important notice regarding Putnam’s privacy policy
In order to conduct business with our shareholders, we must obtain certain personal information such as account holders’ names, addresses, Social Security numbers, and dates of birth. Using this information, we are able to maintain accurate records of accounts and transactions.
It is our policy to protect the confidentiality of our shareholder information, whether or not a shareholder currently owns shares of our funds. In particular, it is our policy not to sell information about you or your accounts to outside marketing firms. We have safeguards in place designed to prevent unauthorized access to our computer systems and procedures to protect personal information from unauthorized use.
Under certain circumstances, we must share account information with outside vendors who provide services to us, such as mailings and proxy solicitations. In these cases, the service providers enter into confidentiality agreements with us, and we provide only the information necessary to process transactions and perform other services related to your account. Finally, it is our policy to share account information with your financial representative, if you’ve listed one on your Putnam account.
18 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Trustee approval of management contract
General conclusions
The Board of Trustees of The Putnam Funds oversees the management of each fund and, as required by law, determines annually whether to approve the continuance of your fund’s management contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam Management”) and the sub-management contract with respect to your fund between Putnam Management and its affiliate, Putnam Investments Limited (“PIL”). The Board, with the assistance of its Contract Committee, requests and evaluates all information it deems reasonably necessary under the circumstances in connection with its annual contract review. The Contract Committee consists solely of Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as this term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”)) of The Putnam Funds (“Independent Trustees”).
At the outset of the review process, members of the Board’s independent staff and independent legal counsel discussed with representatives of Putnam Management the annual contract review materials furnished to the Contract Committee during the course of the previous year’s review, identifying possible changes in these materials that might be necessary or desirable for the coming year. Following these discussions and in consultation with the Contract Committee, the Independent Trustees’ independent legal counsel requested that Putnam Management and its affiliates furnish specified information, together with any additional information that Putnam Management considered relevant, to the Contract Committee. Over the course of several months ending in June 2016, the Contract Committee met on a number of occasions with representatives of Putnam Management, and separately in executive session, to consider the information that Putnam Management provided, as well as supplemental information provided in response to an additional request made by the Contract Committee. Throughout this process, the Contract Committee was assisted by the members of the Board’s independent staff and by independent legal counsel for The Putnam Funds and the Independent Trustees.
In May 2016, the Contract Committee met in executive session to discuss and consider its recommendations with respect to the continuance of the contracts. At the Trustees’ June 24, 2016 meeting, the Contract Committee met in executive session with the other Independent Trustees to review a summary of the key financial, performance and other data that the Contract Committee considered in the course of its review. The Contract Committee then presented its written report, which summarized the key factors that the Committee had considered and set forth its recommendations. The Contract Committee then recommended, and the Independent Trustees approved, the continuance of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts, effective July 1, 2016. (Because PIL is an affiliate of Putnam Management and Putnam Management remains fully responsible for all services provided by PIL, the Trustees have not attempted to evaluate PIL as a separate entity, and all subsequent references to Putnam Management below should be deemed to include reference to PIL as necessary or appropriate in the context.)
The Independent Trustees’ approval was based on the following conclusions:
• That the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented reasonable compensation in light of the nature and quality of the services being provided to the fund, the fees paid by competitive funds, the costs incurred by Putnam Management in providing services to the fund, and the continued application of certain reductions and waivers noted below; and
• That the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented an appropriate sharing between fund shareholders and Putnam Management of such economies of scale as may exist in the management of the fund at current asset levels.
These conclusions were based on a comprehensive consideration of all information provided to the Trustees and were not the result of any single factor. Some of the factors that figured particularly in the Trustees’ deliberations and how the Trustees considered these factors are described below, although individual Trustees may have evaluated the information presented differently, giving different weights to various factors. It is also important to recognize that the management arrangements for your fund and the other Putnam funds are the result of many years of review and discussion between the Independent Trustees and Putnam Management, that some aspects of the arrangements may receive greater scrutiny
Emerging Markets Income Fund 19 |
in some years than others, and that the Trustees’ conclusions may be based, in part, on their consideration of fee arrangements in previous years. For example, with some minor exceptions, the funds’ current fee arrangements under the management contracts were first implemented at the beginning of 2010 following extensive review by the Contract Committee and discussions with representatives of Putnam Management, as well as approval by shareholders.
Management fee schedules and total expenses
The Trustees reviewed the management fee schedules in effect for all Putnam funds, including fee levels and breakpoints. The Trustees also reviewed the total expenses of each Putnam fund, recognizing that in most cases management fees represented the major, but not the sole, determinant of total costs to shareholders. (In a few instances, funds have implemented so-called “all-in” management fees covering substantially all routine fund operating costs.)
In reviewing fees and expenses, the Trustees generally focus their attention on material changes in circumstances — for example, changes in assets under management, changes in a fund’s investment style, changes in Putnam Management’s operating costs or profitability, or changes in competitive practices in the mutual fund industry — that suggest that consideration of fee changes might be warranted. The Trustees concluded that the circumstances did not indicate that changes to the management fee structure for your fund would be appropriate at this time.
Under its management contract, your fund has the benefit of breakpoints in its management fee schedule that provide shareholders with economies of scale in the form of reduced fee rates as assets under management in the Putnam family of funds increase. The Trustees concluded that the fee schedule in effect for your fund represented an appropriate sharing of economies of scale between fund shareholders and Putnam Management.
As in the past, the Trustees also focused on the competitiveness of each fund’s total expense ratio. In order to support the effort to have fund expenses meet competitive standards, the Trustees and Putnam Management have implemented certain expense limitations that were in effect during your fund’s fiscal year ending in 2015.
These expense limitations were: (i) a contractual expense limitation applicable to specified retail open-end funds, including your fund, of 32 basis points on investor servicing fees and expenses and (ii) a contractual expense limitation applicable to specified open-end funds, including your fund, of 20 basis points on so-called “other expenses” (i.e., all expenses exclusive of management fees, distribution fees, investor servicing fees, investment-related expenses, interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses). These expense limitations attempt to maintain competitive expense levels for the funds. Most funds, including your fund, had sufficiently low expenses that these expense limitations were not operative during their fiscal years ending in 2015. Putnam Management has agreed to maintain these expense limitations until at least March 30, 2018 and to reduce the contractual expense limitation on investor servicing fees and expenses from 32 basis points to 25 basis points effective September 1, 2016. In addition, effective through at least March 30, 2018, Putnam Management will waive fees and/or reimburse expenses of your fund to the extent that expenses of the fund (excluding payments under the fund’s distribution plans, brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses, and acquired fund fees and expenses) would exceed an annual rate of 1.00% of its average net assets. Putnam Management’s support for these expense limitation arrangements was an important factor in the Trustees’ decision to approve the continuance of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts.
The Trustees reviewed comparative fee and expense information for a custom group of competitive funds selected by Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”). This comparative information included your fund’s percentile ranking for effective management fees and total expenses (excluding any applicable 12b-1 fee), which provides a general indication of your fund’s relative standing. In the custom peer group, your fund ranked in the first quintile in effective management fees (determined for your fund and the other funds in the custom peer group based on fund asset size and the applicable contractual management fee schedule) and in the third quintile in total expenses (excluding any applicable 12b-1 fees) as of December 31, 2015. The first quintile represents the least expensive
20 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
funds and the fifth quintile the most expensive funds. The fee and expense data reported by Broadridge as of December 31, 2015 reflected the most recent fiscal year-end data available in Broadridge’s database at that time.
In connection with their review of fund management fees and total expenses, the Trustees also reviewed the costs of the services provided and the profits realized by Putnam Management and its affiliates from their contractual relationships with the funds. This information included trends in revenues, expenses and profitability of Putnam Management and its affiliates relating to the investment management, investor servicing and distribution services provided to the funds. In this regard, the Trustees also reviewed an analysis of Putnam Management’s revenues, expenses and profitability, allocated on a fund-by-fund basis, with respect to the funds’ management, distribution, and investor servicing contracts. For each fund, the analysis presented information about revenues, expenses and profitability for each of the agreements separately and for the agreements taken together on a combined basis. The Trustees concluded that, at current asset levels, the fee schedules in place represented reasonable compensation for the services being provided and represented an appropriate sharing between fund shareholders and Putnam Management of such economies of scale as may exist in the management of the Putnam funds at that time.
The information examined by the Trustees as part of their annual contract review for the Putnam funds included information regarding fees charged by Putnam Management and its affiliates to institutional clients such as defined benefit pension plans, college endowments, sub-advised third-party mutual funds, and the like. This information included comparisons of those fees with fees charged to the Putnam funds, as well as an assessment of the differences in the services provided to these different types of clients. The Trustees observed that the differences in fee rates between these clients and the Putnam funds are by no means uniform when examined by individual asset sectors, suggesting that differences in the pricing of investment management services to these types of clients may reflect, among other things, historical competitive forces operating in separate markets. The Trustees considered the fact that in many cases fee rates across different asset classes are higher on average for mutual funds than for institutional clients, as well as the differences between the services that Putnam Management provides to the Putnam funds and those that it provides to its other clients. The Trustees did not rely on these comparisons to any significant extent in concluding that the management fees paid by your fund are reasonable.
Investment performance
The quality of the investment process provided by Putnam Management represented a major factor in the Trustees’ evaluation of the quality of services provided by Putnam Management under your fund’s management contract. The Trustees were assisted in their review of the Putnam funds’ investment process and performance by the work of the investment oversight committees of the Trustees, which meet on a regular basis with the funds’ portfolio teams and with the Chief Investment Officer and other senior members of Putnam Management’s Investment Division throughout the year. The Trustees concluded that Putnam Management generally provides a high-quality investment process — based on the experience and skills of the individuals assigned to the management of fund portfolios, the resources made available to them, and in general Putnam Management’s ability to attract and retain high-quality personnel — but also recognized that this does not guarantee favorable investment results for every fund in every time period.
The Trustees considered that 2015 was a year of mixed performance results for the Putnam funds, with generally strong results for the international equity, global sector and global asset allocation funds, but generally disappointing results for the U.S. and small-cap equity, Spectrum and fixed income funds. They noted that the longer-term performance of the Putnam funds generally continued to be strong, exemplified by the fact that the Putnam funds were ranked by the Barron’s/Lipper Fund Families survey as the 18th-best performing mutual fund complex out of 58 complexes for the five-year period ended December 31, 2015. They also noted, however, the disappointing investment performance of some funds for periods ended December 31, 2015 and considered information provided by Putnam Management regarding the factors contributing to the underperformance and actions being taken to improve the performance of these particular funds. The Trustees indicated their intention to continue to monitor performance trends to assess
Emerging Markets Income Fund 21 |
the effectiveness of these efforts and to evaluate whether additional actions to address areas of underperformance are warranted.
For purposes of evaluating investment performance, the Trustees generally focus on a competitive industry ranking of each fund’s total net return over a one-year, three-year and five-year period. For a number of Putnam funds with relatively unique investment mandates for which meaningful competitive performance rankings are not considered to be available, the Trustees evaluated performance based on their total gross and net returns and, in most cases, comparisons of those returns with the returns of selected investment benchmarks. In the case of your fund, which commenced operations on March 27, 2013, the Trustees considered that its class A share cumulative total return performance at net asset value was in the third quartile of its Lipper Inc. (“Lipper”) peer group (Lipper Emerging Markets Hard Currency Debt Funds) for the one-year period ended December 31, 2015 (the first quartile representing the best-performing funds and the fourth quartile the worst-performing funds). Over the one-year period ended December 31, 2015, there were 243 funds in your fund’s Lipper peer group. Because your fund commenced operations on March 27, 2013, the Trustees considered that there had not been a sufficiently long period of time to allow for definitive conclusions about the fund’s performance. (When considering performance information, shareholders should be mindful that past performance is not a guarantee of future results.)
The Trustees also considered Putnam Management’s continued efforts to support fund performance through initiatives including structuring compensation for portfolio managers and research analysts to enhance accountability for fund performance, emphasizing accountability in the portfolio management process, and affirming its commitment to a fundamental-driven approach to investing. The Trustees noted further that Putnam Management continued to strengthen its fundamental research capabilities by adding new investment personnel.
Brokerage and soft-dollar allocations; investor servicing
The Trustees considered various potential benefits that Putnam Management may receive in connection with the services it provides under the management contract with your fund. These include benefits related to brokerage allocation and the use of soft dollars, whereby a portion of the commissions paid by a fund for brokerage may be used to acquire research services that are expected to be useful to Putnam Management in managing the assets of the fund and of other clients. Subject to policies established by the Trustees, soft dollars generated by these means are used primarily to acquire brokerage and research services (including third-party research and market data) that enhance Putnam Management’s investment capabilities and supplement Putnam Management’s internal research efforts. However, the Trustees noted that a portion of available soft dollars continues to be used to pay fund expenses. The Trustees indicated their continued intent to monitor regulatory and industry developments in this area with the assistance of their Brokerage Committee and also indicated their continued intent to monitor the allocation of the Putnam funds’ brokerage in order to ensure that the principle of seeking best price and execution remains paramount in the portfolio trading process.
Putnam Management may also receive benefits from payments that the funds make to Putnam Management’s affiliates for investor or distribution services. In conjunction with the annual review of your fund’s management and sub-management contracts, the Trustees reviewed your fund’s investor servicing agreement with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. (“PSERV”) and its distributor’s contracts and distribution plans with Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership (“PRM”), both of which are affiliates of Putnam Management. The Trustees concluded that the fees payable by the funds to PSERV and PRM, as applicable, for such services are reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of such services, the fees paid by competitive funds, and the costs incurred by PSERV and PRM, as applicable, in providing such services.
22 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Financial statements
These sections of the report, as well as the accompanying Notes, preceded by the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, constitute the fund’s financial statements.
The fund’s portfolio lists all the fund’s investments and their values as of the last day of the reporting period. Holdings are organized by asset type/and industry sector, country, or state to show areas of concentration and/diversification.
Statement of assets and liabilities shows how the fund’s net assets and share price are determined. All investment and non-investment assets are added together. Any unpaid expenses and other liabilities are subtracted from this total. The result is divided by the number of shares to determine the net asset value per share, which is calculated separately for each class of shares. (For funds with preferred shares, the amount subtracted from total assets includes the liquidation preference of preferred shares.)
Statement of operations shows the fund’s net investment gain or loss. This is done by first adding up all the fund’s earnings — from dividends and interest income — and subtracting its operating expenses to determine net investment income (or loss). Then, any net gain or loss the fund realized on the sales of its holdings — as well as any unrealized gains or losses over the period — is added to or subtracted from the net investment result to determine the fund’s net gain or loss for the fiscal year.
Statement of changes in net assets shows how the fund’s net assets were affected by the fund’s net investment gain or loss, by distributions to shareholders, and by changes in the number of the fund’s shares. It lists distributions and their sources (net investment income or realized capital gains) over the current reporting period and the most recent fiscal year-end. The distributions listed here may not match the sources listed in the Statement of operations because the distributions are determined on a tax basis and may be paid in a different period from the one in which they were/earned.
Financial highlights provide an overview of the fund’s investment results, per-share distributions, expense ratios, net investment income ratios, and portfolio turnover in one summary table, reflecting the five most recent reporting periods. In a semiannual report, the highlights table also includes the current reporting period.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 23 |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Trustees and Shareholders
Putnam Funds Trust
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Putnam Emerging Markets Income Fund (the fund), a series of Putnam Funds Trust, including the fund’s portfolio, as of November 30, 2016, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the years in the two-year period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the years in the three-year period then ended and the period from March 27, 2013 (commencement of operations) through November 30, 2013. These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of November 30, 2016, by correspondence with the custodian and brokers or by other appropriate auditing procedures. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Putnam Emerging Markets Income Fund as of November 30, 2016, the results of its operations, the changes in its net assets and the financial highlights for each of the years in the three-year period then ended and the period from March 27, 2013 (commencement of operations) through November 30, 2013, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Boston, Massachusetts
January 11, 2017
24 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
The fund’s portfolio 11/30/16
FOREIGN GOVERNMENT AND AGENCY | Principal | ||
BONDS AND NOTES (62.1%)* | amount | Value | |
| |||
Argentina (Republic of) unsec. notes Ser. ARS, zero %, | |||
12/28/16 (Argentina) | ARS | 13,500,000 | $837,926 |
| |||
Argentina (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. bonds 7.125%, | |||
7/6/36 (Argentina) | $485,000 | 448,336 | |
| |||
Brazil (Federal Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6.00%, | |||
4/7/26 (Brazil) | 285,000 | 297,968 | |
| |||
Brazil (Federal Republic of) unsec. notes Ser. NTNF, 10.00%, | |||
1/1/25 (Brazil) | BRL | 1,410 | 397,677 |
| |||
Chile (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.125%, 1/21/26 (Chile) | $640,000 | 636,813 | |
| |||
Colombia (Republic of) sr. unsec. notes Ser. B, 10.00%, | |||
7/24/24 (Colombia) | COP | 1,000,000,000 | 379,414 |
| |||
Colombia (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.50%, | |||
1/28/26 (Colombia) | $400,000 | 406,842 | |
| |||
Colombia (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.375%, | |||
3/21/23 (Colombia) | COP | 300,000,000 | 84,081 |
| |||
Dominican (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 5.50%, | |||
1/27/25 (Dominican Republic) | $150,000 | 144,000 | |
| |||
Hellenic (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.75%, | |||
4/17/19 (Greece) | EUR | 198,000 | 201,691 |
| |||
Hungary (Government of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6.25%, | |||
1/29/20 (Hungary) | $100,000 | 109,750 | |
| |||
Hungary (Government of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.375%, | |||
3/25/24 (Hungary) | 184,000 | 202,170 | |
| |||
Hungary (Government of) unsec. notes Ser. 25/B, 5.50%, | |||
6/24/25 (Hungary) | HUF | 41,580,000 | 165,178 |
| |||
Indonesia (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds Ser. FR56, 8.375%, | |||
9/15/26 (Indonesia) | IDR | 3,500,000,000 | 261,690 |
| |||
Indonesia (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds Ser. FR73, 8.75%, | |||
5/15/31 (Indonesia) | IDR | 3,150,000,000 | 241,843 |
| |||
Indonesia (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.125%, | |||
1/15/45 (Indonesia) | $200,000 | 203,750 | |
| |||
Malaysia (Government of) sr. unsec. bonds 3.492%, | |||
3/31/20 (Malaysia) | MYR | 675,000 | 147,785 |
| |||
Malaysia (Government of) sr. unsec. notes Ser. 115, 3.955%, | |||
9/15/25 (Malaysia) | MYR | 750,000 | 160,892 |
| |||
Mexico (Government of) sr. unsec. bonds Ser. M, 7.75%, | |||
11/13/42 (Mexico) | MXN | 2,985,000 | 151,647 |
| |||
Mexico (Government of) sr. unsec. bonds Ser. M, 7.75%, | |||
5/29/31 (Mexico) | MXN | 1,600,000 | 81,952 |
| |||
Mexico (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.35%, | |||
1/15/47 (Mexico) | $425,000 | 353,813 | |
| |||
Morocco (Kingdom of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.25%, | |||
12/11/22 (Morocco) | 200,000 | 202,250 | |
| |||
Peru (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 8.75%, 11/21/33 (Peru) | 75,000 | 110,594 | |
| |||
Peru (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 4.125%, 8/25/27 (Peru) | 50,000 | 52,150 | |
| |||
Peru (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6.90%, | |||
8/12/37 (Peru) | PEN | 125,000 | 37,330 |
| |||
Petroleos Mexicanos 144A GDN company guaranty sr. unsec. | |||
unsub. notes 7.65%, 11/24/21 (Mexico) | MXN | 11,000 | 49,046 |
| |||
Philippine (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 3.95%, | |||
1/20/40 (Philippines) | $200,000 | 202,000 | |
|
Emerging Markets Income Fund 25 |
FOREIGN GOVERNMENT AND AGENCY | Principal | ||
BONDS AND NOTES (62.1%)* cont. | amount | Value | |
| |||
Poland (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.00%, | |||
3/23/22 (Poland) | $305,000 | $333,491 | |
| |||
Poland (Republic of) unsec. bonds 5.25%, 10/25/20 (Poland) | PLN | 500,000 | 130,729 |
| |||
Poland (Republic of) unsec. bonds Ser. 726, 2.50%, | |||
7/25/26 (Poland) | PLN | 730,000 | 157,710 |
| |||
Romania (Government of) unsec. notes Ser. 10YR, 5.95%, | |||
6/11/21 (Romania) | RON | 610,000 | 165,214 |
| |||
Russia (Federation of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. REGS, 4.875%, | |||
9/16/23 (Russia) | $400,000 | 421,000 | |
| |||
Russia (Federation of) unsec. bonds 8.15%, 2/3/27 (Russia) | RUB | 33,395,000 | 503,269 |
| |||
Russia (Federation of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 5.625%, | |||
4/4/42 (Russia) | $200,000 | 211,500 | |
| |||
South Africa (Republic of) unsec. bonds Ser. 2023, 7.75%, 2/28/23 | |||
(South Africa) | ZAR | 2,000,000 | 135,657 |
| |||
South Africa (Republic of) unsec. bonds Ser. 2032, 8.25%, 3/31/32 | |||
(South Africa) | ZAR | 1,515,000 | 96,242 |
| |||
South Africa (Republic of) unsec. bonds Ser. R186, 10.50%, | |||
12/21/26 (South Africa) | ZAR | 1,400,000 | 108,786 |
| |||
Sri Lanka (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 6.85%, | |||
11/3/25 (Sri Lanka) | $200,000 | 200,398 | |
| |||
Turkey (Republic of) sr. unsec. notes 7.375%, 2/5/25 (Turkey) | 125,000 | 137,419 | |
| |||
Turkey (Republic of) sr. unsec. notes 6.00%, 1/14/41 (Turkey) | 400,000 | 368,000 | |
| |||
Turkey (Republic of) unsec. bonds 9.00%, 3/8/17 (Turkey) | TRY | 800,000 | 232,413 |
| |||
Turkey (Republic of) unsec. bonds 6.625%, 2/17/45 (Turkey) | $200,000 | 197,597 | |
| |||
Turkey (Republic of) unsec. notes 8.80%, 9/27/23 (Turkey) | TRY | 510,000 | 134,339 |
| |||
Ukraine (Government of) 144A unsec. FRN Ser. GDP, zero %, | |||
5/31/40 (Ukraine) | $60,000 | 17,568 | |
| |||
Venezuela (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 12.75%, | |||
8/23/22 (Venezuela) | 150,000 | 87,000 | |
| |||
Vietnam (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. bonds 4.80%, | |||
11/19/24 (Vietnam) | 200,000 | 199,134 | |
| |||
Total foreign government and agency bonds and notes (cost $11,853,593) | $10,406,054 |
Principal | ||
CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (36.1%)* | amount | Value |
| ||
Banking (9.7%) | ||
| ||
Banco de Credito del Peru/Panama 144A unsec. sub. FRN 6.875%, | ||
9/16/26 (Peru) | $50,000 | $55,000 |
| ||
Banco de Credito del Peru/Panama 144A unsec. sub. FRN 6.125%, | ||
4/24/27 (Peru) | 200,000 | 213,500 |
| ||
Banco do Brasil SA/Cayman 144A jr. unsec. sub. FRB 9.25%, | ||
perpetual maturity (Brazil) | 200,000 | 189,000 |
| ||
Banco Nacional de Costa Rica 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.875%, | ||
11/1/18 (Costa Rica) | 200,000 | 202,200 |
| ||
Caixa Economica Federal 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.25%, | ||
5/13/19 (Brazil) | 150,000 | 148,688 |
| ||
State Bank of India/London 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.125%, | ||
8/1/17 (India) | 200,000 | 202,646 |
| ||
Turkiye Garanti Bankasi AS 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.25%, | ||
9/13/22 (Turkey) | 200,000 | 191,522 |
| ||
VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA 144A unsec. sub. bonds 6.95%, | ||
10/17/22 (Russia) | 400,000 | 418,000 |
| ||
1,620,556 |
26 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Principal | |||
CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (36.1%)* cont. | amount | Value | |
| |||
Basic materials (6.2%) | |||
| |||
Cemex SAB de CV 144A company guaranty sr. notes 6.125%, | |||
5/5/25 (Mexico) | $200,000 | $197,000 | |
| |||
Corp Nacional del Cobre de Chile 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes | |||
3.75%, 11/4/20 (Chile) | 325,000 | 333,503 | |
| |||
Fibria Overseas Finance, Ltd. company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. | |||
notes 5.25%, 5/12/24 (Brazil) | 150,000 | 147,180 | |
| |||
Indo Energy Finance II BV 144A company guaranty sr. notes | |||
6.375%, 1/24/23 (Indonesia) | 200,000 | 152,134 | |
| |||
Mexichem SAB de CV 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes | |||
4.875%, 9/19/22 (Mexico) | 200,000 | 202,500 | |
| |||
1,032,317 | |||
| |||
Capital goods (0.7%) | |||
| |||
Embraer Overseas, Ltd 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. notes | |||
5.696%, 9/16/23 (Brazil) | 111,000 | 115,718 | |
| |||
115,718 | |||
| |||
Communication services (1.0%) | |||
| |||
Digicel Group, Ltd. 144A sr. unsec. notes 8.25%, 9/30/20 (Jamaica) | 200,000 | 167,500 | |
| |||
167,500 | |||
| |||
Consumer cyclicals (0.6%) | |||
| |||
Hutchison Whampoa International 14, Ltd. 144A company | |||
guaranty unsec. sub. FRB 6.00%, perpetual maturity | |||
(Cayman Islands) | 100,000 | 101,000 | |
| |||
101,000 | |||
| |||
Consumer staples (1.2%) | |||
| |||
Cencoused SA 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes | |||
4.875%, 1/20/23 (Chile) | 200,000 | 201,130 | |
| |||
201,130 | |||
| |||
Government (1.3%) | |||
| |||
Inter-American Development Bank sr. unsec. unsub. bonds | |||
Ser. gMTN, 7.20%, 1/22/18 (Supra-Nation) | IDR | 3,160,000,000 | 227,082 |
| |||
227,082 | |||
| |||
Oil and gas (12.3%) | |||
| |||
KazMunayGas National Co., JSC 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes | |||
6.375%, 4/9/21 (Kazakhstan) | $200,000 | 212,178 | |
| |||
Nexen Energy ULC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes | |||
6.40%, 5/15/37 (Canada) | 100,000 | 118,801 | |
| |||
Petrobras Global Finance BV company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. | |||
notes 8.75%, 5/23/26 (Brazil) | 10,000 | 10,730 | |
| |||
Petrobras Global Finance BV company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. | |||
notes 8.375%, 5/23/21 (Brazil) | 90,000 | 96,525 | |
| |||
Petrobras Global Finance BV company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. | |||
notes 6.25%, 3/17/24 (Brazil) | 695,000 | 668,938 | |
| |||
Petrobras Global Finance BV company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. | |||
notes 5.375%, 1/27/21 (Brazil) | 200,000 | 194,700 | |
| |||
Petrobras Global Finance BV company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. | |||
notes 4.875%, 3/17/20 (Brazil) | 90,000 | 88,038 | |
| |||
Petroleos de Venezuela SA company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. | |||
notes 5.375%, 4/12/27 (Venezuela) | 50,000 | 17,598 | |
| |||
Petroleos de Venezuela SA 144A company guaranty sr. unsec. | |||
notes 6.00%, 11/15/26 (Venezuela) | 35,000 | 12,870 | |
|
Emerging Markets Income Fund 27 |
Principal | ||
CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (36.1%)* cont. | amount | Value |
| ||
Oil and gas cont. | ||
| ||
Petroleos Mexicanos company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes | ||
5.50%, 1/21/21 (Mexico) | $520,000 | $527,516 |
| ||
Petroleum Co. of Trinidad & Tobago Ltd. 144A sr. unsec. unsub. | ||
notes 9.75%, 8/14/19 (Trinidad) | 100,000 | 108,001 |
| ||
2,055,895 | ||
| ||
Real estate (1.2%) | ||
| ||
Country Garden Holdings Co., Ltd. 144A company guaranty sr. | ||
unsec. unsub. notes 7.50%, 1/10/23 (China) | 200,000 | 210,386 |
| ||
210,386 | ||
| ||
Transportation (0.6%) | ||
| ||
DP World Sukuk, Ltd. 144A unsec. bonds 6.25%, 7/2/17 (United | ||
Arab Emirates) | 100,000 | 102,436 |
| ||
102,436 | ||
| ||
Utilities and power (1.3%) | ||
| ||
Centrais Electricas Brasileiras SA (Electrobras) 144A sr. unsec. | ||
unsub. notes 6.875%, 7/30/19 (Brazil) | 100,000 | 104,875 |
| ||
Engie Energia Chile SA 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.625%, | ||
1/15/21 (Chile) | 100,000 | 107,451 |
| ||
212,326 | ||
| ||
Total corporate bonds and notes (cost $6,205,113) | $6,046,346 | |
| ||
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (1.0%)* | Principal amount | Value |
| ||
U.S. Treasury Bills 0.447%, 2/16/17 # | $16,000 | $15,985 |
| ||
U.S. Treasury Bills 0.286%, 12/8/16 | 150,000 | 149,996 |
| ||
Total short-term investments (cost $165,977) | $165,981 | |
| ||
TOTAL INVESTMENTS | ||
| ||
Total investments (cost $18,224,683) | $16,618,381 | |
|
Key to holding’s currency abbreviations
ARS | Argentine Peso |
BRL | Brazilian Real |
COP | Colombian Peso |
EUR | Euro |
HUF | Hungarian Forint |
IDR | Indonesian Rupiah |
MXN | Mexican Peso |
MYR | Malaysian Ringgit |
PEN | Peruvian Neuvo Sol |
PLN | Polish Zloty |
RON | Romanian leu |
RUB | Russian Ruble |
TRY | Turkish Lira |
USD/$ | United States Dollar |
ZAR | South African Rand |
28 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Key to holding’s abbreviations
FRB | Floating Rate Bonds: the rate shown is the current interest rate at the close of the reporting period |
FRN | Floating Rate Notes: the rate shown is the current interest rate or yield at the close of the reporting period |
GDN | Global Depository Notes: represents ownership of foreign securities on deposit with a custodian bank |
JSC | Joint Stock Company |
OJSC | Open Joint Stock Company |
Notes to the fund’s portfolio
Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from December 1, 2015 through November 30, 2016 (the reporting period). Within the following notes to the portfolio, references to “ASC 820” represent Accounting Standards Codification 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures and references to “OTC”, if any, represent over-the-counter.
* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $16,753,452.
# This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the broker to cover margin requirements for futures contracts at the close of the reporting period.
∆ This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the custodian for collateral on certain derivative contracts at the close of the reporting period.
At the close of the reporting period, the fund maintained liquid assets totaling $2,363,806 to cover certain derivative contracts.
Unless otherwise noted, the rates quoted in Short-term investments security descriptions represent the weighted average yield to maturity.
Debt obligations are considered secured unless otherwise indicated.
144A after the name of an issuer represents securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers.
The dates shown on debt obligations are the original maturity dates.
DIVERSIFICATION BY COUNTRY | ||||
| ||||
Distribution of investments by country of risk at the close of the reporting period, excluding collateral received, if any (as a percentage of Portfolio Value): | ||||
Brazil | 14.9% | Morocco | 1.2% | |
|
| |||
Mexico | 9.4 | Costa Rica | 1.2 | |
|
| |||
Russia | 9.3 | Philippines | 1.2 | |
|
| |||
Argentina | 7.7 | Greece | 1.2 | |
|
| |||
Chile | 7.7 | Sri Lanka | 1.2 | |
|
| |||
Turkey | 7.6 | Vietnam | 1.2 | |
|
| |||
Colombia | 5.2 | Jamaica | 1.0 | |
|
| |||
Indonesia | 5.2 | United States | 1.0 | |
|
| |||
Poland | 3.7 | Romania | 1.0 | |
|
| |||
Hungary | 2.9 | Dominican Republic | 0.9 | |
|
| |||
Peru | 2.8 | Canada | 0.7 | |
|
| |||
South Africa | 2.1 | Venezuela | 0.7 | |
|
| |||
Malaysia | 1.9 | Trinidad | 0.6 | |
|
| |||
Supra-Nation | 1.4 | United Arab Emirates | 0.6 | |
|
| |||
Kazakhstan | 1.3 | Cayman Islands | 0.6 | |
|
| |||
China | 1.3 | Ukraine | 0.1 | |
|
| |||
India | 1.2 | Total | 100.0% | |
|
Emerging Markets Income Fund 29 |
FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 11/30/16 (aggregate face value $6,989,950) | ||||||
| ||||||
Unrealized | ||||||
Contract | Delivery | Aggregate | appreciation/ | |||
Counterparty | Currency | type | date | Value | face value | (depreciation) |
| ||||||
Bank of America N.A. | ||||||
Chinese Yuan (Offshore) | Sell | 2/16/17 | $361,175 | $363,169 | $1,994 | |
| ||||||
Euro | Sell | 12/21/16 | 102,166 | 107,797 | 5,631 | |
| ||||||
Hong Kong Dollar | Sell | 2/16/17 | 678,263 | 678,646 | 383 | |
| ||||||
Citibank, N.A. | ||||||
Brazilian Real | Buy | 1/3/17 | 532,213 | 544,505 | (12,292) | |
| ||||||
Chinese Yuan (Offshore) | Sell | 2/16/17 | 192,073 | 194,189 | 2,116 | |
| ||||||
Malaysian Ringgit | Buy | 2/16/17 | 87,032 | 108,770 | (21,738) | |
| ||||||
Mexican Peso | Buy | 1/18/17 | 643,682 | 699,790 | (56,108) | |
| ||||||
South African Rand | Buy | 1/18/17 | 38,114 | 39,035 | (921) | |
| ||||||
Goldman Sachs International | ||||||
New Taiwan Dollar | Sell | 2/16/17 | 194,382 | 194,086 | (296) | |
| ||||||
Russian Ruble | Buy | 12/21/16 | 187,538 | 195,720 | (8,182) | |
| ||||||
South Korean Won | Sell | 2/16/17 | 192,899 | 192,771 | (128) | |
| ||||||
JPMorgan Chase Bank N. A. | ||||||
Chinese Yuan (Offshore) | Sell | 2/16/17 | 169,087 | 168,986 | (101) | |
| ||||||
Euro | Sell | 12/21/16 | 106,197 | 112,019 | 5,822 | |
| ||||||
New Taiwan Dollar | Sell | 2/16/17 | 194,379 | 192,914 | (1,465) | |
| ||||||
Russian Ruble | Sell | 12/21/16 | 107,984 | 124,061 | 16,077 | |
| ||||||
South Korean Won | Sell | 2/16/17 | 193,728 | 194,447 | 719 | |
| ||||||
State Street Bank and Trust Co. | ||||||
Colombian Peso | Sell | 1/18/17 | 475,527 | 494,391 | 18,864 | |
| ||||||
Hungarian Forint | Sell | 12/21/16 | 176,172 | 186,595 | 10,423 | |
| ||||||
Indonesian Rupiah | Buy | 2/16/17 | 134,286 | 139,218 | (4,932) | |
| ||||||
Peruvian New Sol | Sell | 1/18/17 | 31,342 | 31,411 | 69 | |
| ||||||
Polish Zloty | Buy | 12/21/16 | 206,919 | 235,540 | (28,621) | |
| ||||||
Romanian Leu | Sell | 12/21/16 | 173,487 | 184,609 | 11,122 | |
| ||||||
Russian Ruble | Buy | 12/21/16 | 265,717 | 256,392 | 9,325 | |
| ||||||
Russian Ruble | Sell | 12/21/16 | 265,717 | 269,751 | 4,034 | |
| ||||||
Turkish Lira | Buy | 12/21/16 | 525,801 | 598,052 | (72,251) | |
| ||||||
Turkish Lira | Sell | 12/21/16 | 462,712 | 483,086 | 20,374 | |
| ||||||
Total | $(100,082) |
FUTURES CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 11/30/16 | |||||
| |||||
Unrealized | |||||
Number of | Expiration | appreciation/ | |||
contracts | Value | date | (depreciation) | ||
| |||||
U.S. Treasury Bond Ultra 30 yr (Long) | 1 | $161,406 | Mar-17 | $(168) | |
| |||||
U.S. Treasury Bond Ultra 30 yr (Short) | 5 | 807,031 | Mar-17 | 928 | |
| |||||
U.S. Treasury Note 2 yr (Long) | 4 | 867,250 | Mar-17 | 180 | |
| |||||
U.S. Treasury Note 5 yr (Long) | 4 | 471,375 | Mar-17 | 55 | |
| |||||
U.S. Treasury Note 10 yr (Long) | 4 | 498,063 | Mar-17 | (133) | |
| |||||
U.S. Treasury Note 10 yr (Short) | 2 | 249,031 | Mar-17 | 59 | |
| |||||
Total | $921 |
30 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:
Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.
Level 2: Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:
Valuation inputs | |||
| |||
Investments in securities: | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
| |||
Corporate bonds and notes | $— | $6,046,346 | $— |
| |||
Foreign government and agency bonds and notes | — | 10,406,054 | — |
| |||
Short-term investments | — | 165,981 | — |
| |||
Totals by level | $— | $16,618,381 | $— |
Valuation inputs | |||
| |||
Other financial instruments: | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
| |||
Forward currency contracts | $— | $(100,082) | $— |
| |||
Futures contracts | 921 | — | — |
| |||
Totals by level | $921 | $(100,082) | $— |
During the reporting period, transfers within the fair value hierarchy, if any, did not represent, in the aggregate, more than 1% of the fund’s net assets measured as of the end of the period. Transfers are accounted for using the end of period pricing valuation method.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 31 |
Statement of assets and liabilities 11/30/16
ASSETS | |
| |
Investment in securities, at value (Note 1): | |
Unaffiliated issuers (identified cost $18,224,683) | $16,618,381 |
| |
Interest and other receivables | 247,901 |
| |
Receivable for shares of the fund sold | 9,963 |
| |
Receivable for investments sold | 207,385 |
| |
Receivable from Manager (Note 2) | 13,716 |
| |
Receivable for variation margin (Note 1) | 10,047 |
| |
Unrealized appreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1) | 106,953 |
| |
Prepaid assets | 12,829 |
| |
Total assets | 17,227,175 |
LIABILITIES | |
| |
Payable to custodian | 169,815 |
| |
Payable for custodian fees (Note 2) | 8,624 |
| |
Payable for investor servicing fees (Note 2) | 4,889 |
| |
Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2) | 792 |
| |
Payable for administrative services (Note 2) | 69 |
| |
Payable for distribution fees (Note 2) | 7,218 |
| |
Payable for auditing and tax fees | 57,612 |
| |
Payable for variation margin (Note 1) | 5,171 |
| |
Unrealized depreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1) | 207,035 |
| |
Other accrued expenses | 12,498 |
| |
Total liabilities | 473,723 |
Net assets | $16,753,452 |
| |
REPRESENTED BY | |
| |
Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4) | $18,371,789 |
| |
Undistributed net investment income (Note 1) | 129,017 |
| |
Accumulated net realized loss on investments and foreign currency transactions (Note 1) | (37,897) |
| |
Net unrealized depreciation of investments and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies | (1,709,457) |
| |
Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding | $16,753,452 |
| |
COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE | |
| |
Net asset value and redemption price per class A share ($11,443,860 divided by 1,326,225 shares) | $8.63 |
| |
Offering price per class A share (100/96.00 of $8.63)* | $8.99 |
| |
Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($170,900 divided by 19,866 shares)** | $8.60 |
| |
Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($1,508,794 divided by 175,152 shares)** | $8.61 |
| |
Net asset value and redemption price per class M share ($23,267 divided by 2,695 shares) | $8.63 |
| |
Offering price per class M share (100/96.75 of $8.63)† | $8.92 |
| |
Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class Y share | |
($3,606,631 divided by 418,033 shares) | $8.63 |
* On single retail sales of less than $100,000. On sales of $100,000 or more the offering price is reduced.
** Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.
† On single retail sales of less than $50,000. On sales of $50,000 or more the offering price is reduced.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
32 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Statement of operations Year ended 11/30/16
INVESTMENT INCOME | |
| |
Interest (net of foreign tax of $10,895) (including interest income of $4,169 from investments | |
in affiliated issuers) (Note 5) | $974,733 |
| |
Total investment income | 974,733 |
EXPENSES | |
| |
Compensation of Manager (Note 2) | 115,157 |
| |
Investor servicing fees (Note 2) | 24,380 |
| |
Custodian fees (Note 2) | 14,001 |
| |
Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2) | 927 |
| |
Distribution fees (Note 2) | 43,800 |
| |
Administrative services (Note 2) | 432 |
| |
Reports to shareholders | 19,213 |
| |
Auditing and tax fees | 69,463 |
| |
Blue sky expense | 60,459 |
| |
Other | 3,680 |
| |
Fees waived and reimbursed by Manager (Note 2) | (148,495) |
| |
Total expenses | 203,017 |
Expense reduction (Note 2) | (67) |
| |
Net expenses | 202,950 |
Net investment income | 771,783 |
| |
Net realized loss on investments (Notes 1 and 3) | (363,534) |
| |
Net realized loss on futures contracts (Note 1) | (8,325) |
| |
Net realized gain on foreign currency transactions (Note 1) | 223,897 |
| |
Net unrealized depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies during the year | (112,068) |
| |
Net unrealized appreciation of investments and futures contracts during the year | 265,926 |
| |
Net gain on investments | 5,896 |
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations | $777,679 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 33 |
Statement of changes in net assets
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS | Year ended 11/30/16 | Year ended 11/30/15 |
| ||
Operations | ||
Net investment income | $771,783 | $545,190 |
| ||
Net realized loss on investments | ||
and foreign currency transactions | (147,962) | (190,518) |
| ||
Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments | ||
and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies | 153,858 | (973,560) |
| ||
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting | ||
from operations | 777,679 | (618,888) |
| ||
Distributions to shareholders (Note 1): | ||
From ordinary income | ||
Net investment income | ||
| ||
Class A | (363,340) | (288,974) |
| ||
Class B | (3,008) | (2,202) |
| ||
Class C | (45,800) | (5,548) |
| ||
Class M | (848) | (773) |
| ||
Class Y | (112,795) | (84,762) |
| ||
Net realized short-term gain on investments | ||
| ||
Class A | — | (15,129) |
| ||
Class B | — | (153) |
| ||
Class C | — | (393) |
| ||
Class M | — | (44) |
| ||
Class Y | — | (4,103) |
| ||
From return of capital | ||
Class A | — | (44,038) |
| ||
Class B | — | (336) |
| ||
Class C | — | (845) |
| ||
Class M | — | (118) |
| ||
Class Y | — | (12,917) |
| ||
From net realized long-term gain on investments | ||
Class A | (63,114) | (34,689) |
| ||
Class B | (642) | (293) |
| ||
Class C | (1,832) | (677) |
| ||
Class M | (187) | (102) |
| ||
Class Y | (17,267) | (9,427) |
| ||
Increase from capital share transactions (Note 4) | 4,140,861 | 496,227 |
| ||
Total increase (decrease) in net assets | 4,309,707 | (628,184) |
NET ASSETS | ||
| ||
Beginning of year | 12,443,745 | 13,071,929 |
| ||
End of year (including undistributed net investment income | ||
of $129,017 and accumulated net investment loss of $14,923, | ||
respectively) | $16,753,452 | $12,443,745 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
34 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
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Emerging Markets Income Fund 35 |
Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Ratio | Ratio of net | |||||||||||||
Net asset | Net realized | From | of expenses | investment | ||||||||||
value, | and unrealized | Total from | From | net realized | From | Net asset | Total return | Net assets, | to average | income (loss) | Portfolio | |||
beginning | Net investment | gain (loss) | investment | net investment | gain on | return | Total | value, end | at net asset | end of period | net assets | to average | turnover | |
Period ended | of period | income (loss) a | on investments | operations | income | investments | of capital | distributions | of period | value (%) b | (in thousands) | (%) c,d | net assets (%) d | (%) |
| ||||||||||||||
Class A | ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2016 | $8.42 | .43 | .12 | .55 | (.28) | (.06) | — | (.34) | $8.63 | 6.55 | $11,444 | 1.25 | 4.88 | 48 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2015 | 9.18 | .37 | (.78) | (.41) | (.26) | (.05) | (.04) | (.35) | 8.42 | (4.56) | 9,458 | 1.25 | 4.29 | 18 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2014 | 9.10 | .41 | .09 | .50 | (.41) | — | (.01) | (.42) | 9.18 | 5.55 | 9,988 | 1.25 | 4.38 | 23 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2013† | 10.00 | .28 | (.95) | (.67) | (.17) | — | (.06) | (.23) | 9.10 | (6.68)* | 9,521 | .85* | 2.98 * | 5* |
| ||||||||||||||
Class B | ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2016 | $8.40 | .36 | .13 | .49 | (.23) | (.06) | — | (.29) | $8.60 | 5.81 | $171 | 2.00 | 4.14 | 48 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2015 | 9.17 | .31 | (.80) | (.49) | (.20) | (.05) | (.03) | (.28) | 8.40 | (5.37) | 95 | 2.00 | 3.58 | 18 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2014 | 9.09 | .32 | .11 | .43 | (.35) | — | —e | (.35) | 9.17 | 4.79 | 71 | 2.00 | 3.46 | 23 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2013† | 10.00 | .24 | (.96) | (.72) | (.14) | — | (.05) | (.19) | 9.09 | (7.19)* | 19 | 1.36* | 2.57* | 5* |
| ||||||||||||||
Class C | ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2016 | $8.42 | .37 | .11 | .48 | (.23) | (.06) | — | (.29) | $8.61 | 5.70 | $1,509 | 2.00 | 4.16 | 48 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2015 | 9.18 | .31 | (.78) | (.47) | (.21) | (.05) | (.03) | (.29) | 8.42 | (5.24) | 279 | 2.00 | 3.60 | 18 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2014 | 9.10 | .33 | .09 | .42 | (.34) | — | —e | (.34) | 9.18 | 4.74 | 202 | 2.00 | 3.59 | 23 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2013† | 10.00 | .24 | (.96) | (.72) | (.13) | — | (.05) | (.18) | 9.10 | (7.18)* | 157 | 1.36* | 2.56* | 5* |
| ||||||||||||||
Class M | ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2016 | $8.42 | .40 | .13 | .53 | (.26) | (.06) | — | (.32) | $8.63 | 6.29 | $23 | 1.50 | 4.63 | 48 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2015 | 9.18 | .35 | (.78) | (.43) | (.24) | (.05) | (.04) | (.33) | 8.42 | (4.82) | 28 | 1.50 | 4.04 | 18 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2014 | 9.10 | .39 | .09 | .48 | (.39) | — | (.01) | (.40) | 9.18 | 5.29 | 29 | 1.50 | 4.15 | 23 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2013† | 10.00 | .27 | (.95) | (.68) | (.16) | — | (.06) | (.22) | 9.10 | (6.83)* | 20 | 1.02* | 2.87* | 5* |
| ||||||||||||||
Class Y | ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2016 | $8.41 | .45 | .13 | .58 | (.30) | (.06) | — | (.36) | $8.63 | 6.92 | $3,607 | 1.00 | 5.12 | 48 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2015 | 9.18 | .39 | (.79) | (.40) | (.28) | (.05) | (.04) | (.37) | 8.41 | (4.40) | 2,584 | 1.00 | 4.54 | 18 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2014 | 9.10 | .42 | .11 | .53 | (.44) | — | (.01) | (.45) | 9.18 | 5.82 | 2,782 | 1.00 | 4.51 | 23 |
| ||||||||||||||
November 30, 2013† | 10.00 | .31 | (.96) | (.65) | (.18) | — | (.07) | (.25) | 9.10 | (6.52)* | 707 | .68* | 3.35* | 5* |
* Not annualized.
† For the period March 27, 2013 (commencement of operations) to November 30, 2013.
a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.
b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.
c Includes amounts paid through expense offset and/or brokerage/service arrangements, if any (Note 2). Also excludes acquired fund fees and expenses, if any.
d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts (Note 2):
Percentage of average net assets | |
| |
November 30, 2016 | 0.93% |
| |
November 30, 2015 | 1.15 |
| |
November 30, 2014 | 1.55 |
| |
November 30, 2013 | 1.51 |
|
e Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. |
36 Emerging Markets Income Fund | Emerging Markets Income Fund 37 |
Notes to financial statements 11/30/16
Within the following Notes to financial statements, references to “State Street” represent State Street Bank and Trust Company, references to “the SEC” represent the Securities and Exchange Commission, references to “Putnam Management” represent Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and references to “OTC”, if any, represent over-the-counter. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from December 1, 2015 through November 30, 2016.
Putnam Emerging Markets Income Fund (the fund) is a non-diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust (the Trust), a Massachusetts business trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as an open-end management investment company. The goal of the fund is to seek high current income. Capital growth is a secondary goal when consistent with achieving high current income. The fund invests mainly in bonds that are obligations of emerging market companies and governments. The fund may invest in bonds denominated in U.S. dollars and bonds that are denominated in foreign currencies. Emerging markets include countries in the JPMorgan Emerging Markets Bond Index Global Diversified or that Putnam Management considers to be equivalent to those countries based on its evaluation of their level of economic development or the size and experience of their securities markets. The fund may invest both in investment-grade and below-investment-grade investments (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”). When deciding whether to buy or sell investments, Putnam Management may consider, among other factors, credit, interest rate and prepayment risks, as well as general market conditions. Putnam Management may also consider the fundamental characteristics of the particular countries in which the fund invests as well as its views on the currencies of those countries when making investment decisions. The fund invests in currencies directly and through derivatives, for both hedging and non-hedging purposes. The fund may also use derivatives, such as futures, options, warrants and swap contracts, for both hedging and non-hedging purposes.
The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M and class Y shares. Class A and class M shares are sold with a maximum front-end sales charge of 4.00% and 3.25%, respectively. Class A shares generally are not subject to a contingent deferred sales charge, and class M and class Y shares are not subject to a contingent deferred sales charge. Class B shares, which convert to class A shares after approximately eight years, are not subject to a front-end sales charge and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within six years of purchase. Class C shares are subject to a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge and do not convert to class A shares. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, and class M shares may differ based on the distribution fee of each class, which is identified in Note 2. Class Y shares, which are sold at net asset value, are generally subject to the same expenses as class A, class B, class C, and class M shares, but do not bear a distribution fee. Class Y shares are not available to all investors.
In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.
The fund has entered into contractual arrangements with an investment adviser, administrator, distributor, shareholder servicing agent and custodian, who each provide services to the fund. Unless expressly stated otherwise, shareholders are not parties to, or intended beneficiaries of these contractual arrangements, and these contractual arrangements are not intended to create any shareholder right to enforce them against the service providers or to seek any remedy under them against the service providers, either directly or on behalf of the fund.
Under the fund’s Declaration of Trust, any claims asserted against or on behalf of the Putnam Funds, including claims against Trustees and Officers, must be brought in state and federal courts located within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Note 1: Significant accounting policies
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements.
38 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. If the fund were liquidated, shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.
Security valuation Portfolio securities and other investments are valued using policies and procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. The Trustees have formed a Pricing Committee to oversee the implementation of these procedures and have delegated responsibility for valuing the fund’s assets in accordance with these procedures to Putnam Management. Putnam Management has established an internal Valuation Committee that is responsible for making fair value determinations, evaluating the effectiveness of the pricing policies of the fund and reporting to the Pricing Committee.
Market quotations are not considered to be readily available for certain debt obligations (including short-term investments with remaining maturities of 60 days or less) and other investments; such investments are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by an independent pricing service approved by the Trustees or dealers selected by Putnam Management. Such services or dealers determine valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional traders, between securities (which consider such factors as security prices, yields, maturities and ratings). These securities will generally be categorized as Level 2. Securities quoted in foreign currencies, if any, are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate.
Investments in open-end investment companies (excluding exchange-traded funds), if any, which can be classified as Level 1 or Level 2 securities, are valued based on their net asset value. The net asset value of such investment companies equals the total value of their assets less their liabilities and divided by the number of their outstanding shares.
To the extent a pricing service or dealer is unable to value a security or provides a valuation that Putnam Management does not believe accurately reflects the security’s fair value, the security will be valued at fair value by Putnam Management in accordance with policies and procedures approved by the Trustees. Certain investments, including certain restricted and illiquid securities and derivatives, are also valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. These valuations consider such factors as significant market or specific security events such as interest rate or credit quality changes, various relationships with other securities, discount rates, U.S. Treasury, U.S. swap and credit yields, index levels, convexity exposures, recovery rates, sales and other multiples and resale restrictions. These securities are classified as Level 2 or as Level 3 depending on the priority of the significant inputs.
To assess the continuing appropriateness of fair valuations, the Valuation Committee reviews and affirms the reasonableness of such valuations on a regular basis after considering all relevant information that is reasonably available. Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. The fair value of securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a security in a current sale and does not reflect an actual market price, which may be different by a material amount.
Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (the date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis.
Interest income, net of any applicable withholding taxes, is recorded on the accrual basis. All premiums/discounts are amortized/accreted on a yield-to-maturity basis.
Foreign currency translation The accounting records of the fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. The fair value of foreign securities, currency holdings, and other assets and liabilities is recorded in the books and records of the fund after translation to U.S. dollars based on the exchange rates on that day. The cost of each security is determined using historical exchange rates. Income and withholding taxes are translated at prevailing exchange rates when earned or incurred. The fund does not isolate that portion of realized or unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in the foreign exchange rate on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of the securities. Such gains and losses are included with the net realized and unrealized gain or loss on investments. Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions represent net realized exchange gains or losses on closed forward currency contracts, disposition of foreign currencies, currency gains and
Emerging Markets Income Fund 39 |
losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on securities transactions and the difference between the amount of investment income and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies arise from changes in the value of open forward currency contracts and assets and liabilities other than investments at the period end, resulting from changes in the exchange rate.
Futures contracts The fund uses futures contracts for hedging treasury term structure risk and for yield curve positioning.
The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments, if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. With futures, there is minimal counterparty credit risk to the fund since futures are exchange traded and the exchange’s clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange traded futures, guarantees the futures against default. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. When the contract is closed, the fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed.
Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices established by the exchange on which they trade. The fund and the broker agree to exchange an amount of cash equal to the daily fluctuation in the value of the futures contract. Such receipts or payments are known as “variation margin.”
Futures contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.
Forward currency contracts The fund buys and sells forward currency contracts, which are agreements between two parties to buy and sell currencies at a set price on a future date. These contracts are used for hedging currency exposures and to gain exposure to currencies.
The U.S. dollar value of forward currency contracts is determined using current forward currency exchange rates supplied by a quotation service. The fair value of the contract will fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in fair value is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. The fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed when the contract matures or by delivery of the currency. The fund could be exposed to risk if the value of the currency changes unfavorably, if the counterparties to the contracts are unable to meet the terms of their contracts or if the fund is unable to enter into a closing position. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities.
Forward currency contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.
Master agreements The fund is a party to ISDA (International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc.) Master Agreements (Master Agreements) with certain counterparties that govern OTC derivative and foreign exchange contracts entered into from time to time. The Master Agreements may contain provisions regarding, among other things, the parties’ general obligations, representations, agreements, collateral requirements, events of default and early termination. With respect to certain counterparties, in accordance with the terms of the Master Agreements, collateral posted to the fund is held in a segregated account by the fund’s custodian and, with respect to those amounts which can be sold or repledged, is presented in the fund’s portfolio.
Collateral pledged by the fund is segregated by the fund’s custodian and identified in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. Government or related agencies or other securities as agreed to by the fund and the applicable counterparty. Collateral requirements are determined based on the fund’s net position with each counterparty.
Termination events applicable to the fund may occur upon a decline in the fund’s net assets below a specified threshold over a certain period of time. Termination events applicable to counterparties may occur upon a decline in the counterparty’s long-term and short-term credit ratings below a specified level. In each case, upon occurrence, the other party may elect to terminate early and cause settlement of all derivative and foreign exchange contracts outstanding, including the payment of any losses and costs resulting from such early termination, as reasonably determined by the terminating party. Any decision by one or more of the fund’s counterparties to elect early termination could impact the fund’s future derivative activity.
At the close of the reporting period, the fund had a net liability position of $129,142 on open derivative contracts subject to the Master Agreements. Collateral posted by the fund at period end for these agreements totaled $149,985 and may include amounts related to unsettled agreements.
40 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the SEC. This program allows the fund to borrow from or lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.
Lines of credit The fund participates, along with other Putnam funds, in a $317.5 million unsecured committed line of credit and a $235.5 million unsecured uncommitted line of credit, both provided by State Street. Borrowings may be made for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests and trade settlements. Interest is charged to the fund based on the fund’s borrowing at a rate equal to the higher of (1) the Federal Funds rate and (2) the overnight LIBOR plus 1.25% for the committed line of credit and the Federal Funds rate plus 1.30% for the uncommitted line of credit. A closing fee equal to 0.04% of the committed line of credit plus a $25,000 flat fee and 0.04% of the uncommitted line of credit has been paid by the participating funds. In addition, a commitment fee of 0.21% per annum on any unutilized portion of the committed line of credit is allocated to the participating funds based on their relative net assets and paid quarterly. During the reporting period, the fund had no borrowings against these arrangements.
Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code.
The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior three fiscal years remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.
The fund may also be subject to taxes imposed by governments of countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on either income or gains earned or repatriated. The fund accrues and applies such taxes to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized gains as income and/or capital gains are earned. In some cases, the fund may be entitled to reclaim all or a portion of such taxes, and such reclaim amounts, if any, are reflected as an asset on the fund’s books. In many cases, however, the fund may not receive such amounts for an extended period of time, depending on the country of investment.
Under the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, the fund will be permitted to carry forward capital losses incurred for an unlimited period and the carry forwards will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses. At November 30, 2016, the fund had the following capital loss carryovers available, to the extent allowed by the Code, to offset future net capital gain, if any:
Loss carryover | ||
| ||
Short-term | Long-term | Total |
| ||
N/A | $48,407 | $48,407 |
|
Distributions to shareholders Distributions to shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. These differences include temporary and/or permanent differences from foreign currency gains and losses and from dirty priced bonds. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. At the close of the reporting period, the fund reclassified $102,052 to decrease undistributed net investment income and $102,052 to decrease accumulated net realized loss.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 41 |
The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:
Unrealized appreciation | $210,109 |
| |
Unrealized depreciation | (1,833,219) |
| |
Net unrealized depreciation | (1,623,110) |
| |
Undistributed ordinary income | 62,598 |
| |
Capital loss carryforward | (48,407) |
| |
Cost for federal income tax purposes | $18,224,683 |
Expenses of the Trust Expenses directly charged or attributable to any fund will be paid from the assets of that fund. Generally, expenses of the Trust will be allocated among and charged to the assets of each fund on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be based on the relative assets of each fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each fund.
Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions
The fund pays Putnam Management a management fee (based on the fund’s average net assets and computed and paid monthly) at annual rates that may vary based on the average of the aggregate net assets of all open-end mutual funds sponsored by Putnam Management (excluding net assets of funds that are invested in, or that are invested in by, other Putnam funds to the extent necessary to avoid “double counting” of those assets). Such annual rates may vary as follows:
0.880% | of the first $5 billion, | 0.680% | of the next $50 billion, | |
|
| |||
0.830% | of the next $5 billion, | 0.660% | of the next $50 billion, | |
|
| |||
0.780% | of the next $10 billion, | 0.650% | of the next $100 billion and | |
|
| |||
0.730% | of the next $10 billion, | 0.645% | of any excess thereafter. | |
|
|
For the reporting period, the management fee represented an effective rate (excluding the impact from any expense waivers in effect) of 0.724% of the fund’s average net assets.
Putnam Management has contractually agreed to waive fees (and, to the extent necessary, bear other expenses) of the fund through March 30, 2018, to the extent that total expenses of the fund (excluding brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, payments under distribution plans, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) would exceed an annual rate of 1.00% of the fund’s average net assets. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $12,327 as a result of this limit.
Putnam Management has also contractually agreed, through March 30, 2018, to waive fees or reimburse the fund’s expenses to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses, acquired fund fees and expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $136,168 as a result of this limit.
Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. PIL did not manage any portion of the assets of the fund during the reporting period. If Putnam Management were to engage the services of PIL, Putnam Management would pay a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.40% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.
The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.
Custodial functions for the fund’s assets are provided by State Street. Custody fees are based on the fund’s asset level, the number of its security holdings and transaction volumes.
Putnam Investor Services, Inc., an affiliate of Putnam Management, provides investor servicing agent functions to the fund. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing for class A, class B, class C, class M and class Y shares that included (1) a per account fee for each direct and underlying non-defined contribution account (“retail account”) of the fund; (2) a specified rate of the fund’s assets attributable to defined contribution
42 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
plan accounts; and (3) a specified rate based on the average net assets in retail accounts. Putnam Investor Services has agreed that the aggregate investor servicing fees for each fund’s retail and defined contribution accounts for these share classes will not exceed an annual rate of 0.25% of the fund’s average assets attributable to such accounts.
Prior to September 1, 2016, Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing for class A, class B, class C, class M and class Y shares that included (1) a per account fee for each retail account of the fund and each of the other funds in its specified category, which was totaled and then allocated to each fund in the category based on its average daily net assets; (2) a specified rate of the fund’s assets attributable to defined contribution plan accounts; and (3) a specified rate based on the average net assets in retail accounts. Prior to September 1, 2016, Putnam Investor Services had agreed that the aggregate investor servicing fees for each fund’s retail and defined contribution accounts for these share classes would not exceed an annual rate of 0.320% of the fund’s average assets attributable to such accounts.
During the reporting period, the expenses for each class of shares related to investor servicing fees were as follows:
Class A | $16,984 | Class M | 44 | |
|
| |||
Class B | 172 | Class Y | 4,895 | |
|
| |||
Class C | 2,285 | Total | $24,380 | |
|
|
The fund has entered into expense offset arrangements with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. and State Street whereby Putnam Investor Services, Inc.’s and State Street’s fees are reduced by credits allowed on cash balances. For the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $67 under the expense offset arrangements.
Each Independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $15, as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees.
The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the Deferral Plan) which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan.
The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the Pension Plan) covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years and were first elected prior to 2004. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee’s average annual attendance and retainer fees for the three years ended December 31, 2005. The retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee’s lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of assets and liabilities. The Trustees have terminated the Pension Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected after 2003.
The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to its class A, class B, class C and class M shares pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC, for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide for payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to 0.35%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 1.00% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C and class M shares, respectively. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at an annual rate of 0.25%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 0.50% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C and class M shares, respectively. During the reporting period, the class specific expenses related to distribution fees were as follows:
Class A | $27,671 | Class M | 144 | |
|
| |||
Class B | 1,110 | Total | $43,800 | |
|
| |||
Class C | 14,875 | |||
|
For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $790 and no monies from the sale of class A and class M shares, respectively, and received no monies and $77 in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class B and class C shares, respectively.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 43 |
A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% is assessed on certain redemptions of class A shares. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received no monies on class A redemptions.
Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities
During the reporting period, the cost of purchases and the proceeds from sales, excluding short-term investments, were as follows:
Cost of purchases | Proceeds from sales | |
| ||
Investments in securities, (Long-term) | $10,826,007 | $6,776,335 |
| ||
U.S. government securities (Long-term) | — | — |
| ||
Total | $10,826,007 | $6,776,335 |
Note 4: Capital shares
At the close of the reporting period, there were an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions in capital shares were as follows:
YEAR ENDED 11/30/16 | YEAR ENDED 11/30/15 | |||
Class A | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| ||||
Shares sold | 396,664 | $3,534,207 | 65,753 | $572,829 |
| ||||
Shares issued in connection with | ||||
reinvestment of distributions | 7,094 | 62,474 | 3,828 | 32,934 |
| ||||
403,758 | 3,596,681 | 69,581 | 605,763 | |
| ||||
Shares repurchased | (201,376) | (1,781,443) | (34,031) | (290,037) |
| ||||
Net increase | 202,382 | $1,815,238 | 35,550 | $315,726 |
YEAR ENDED 11/30/16 | YEAR ENDED 11/30/15 | |||
Class B | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| ||||
Shares sold | 10,067 | $90,529 | 6,498 | $57,383 |
| ||||
Shares issued in connection with | ||||
reinvestment of distributions | 301 | 2,604 | 238 | 2,049 |
| ||||
10,368 | 93,133 | 6,736 | 59,432 | |
| ||||
Shares repurchased | (1,857) | (15,784) | (3,110) | (27,429) |
| ||||
Net increase | 8,511 | $77,349 | 3,626 | $32,003 |
YEAR ENDED 11/30/16 | YEAR ENDED 11/30/15 | |||
Class C | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| ||||
Shares sold | 248,195 | $2,166,832 | 15,312 | $132,903 |
| ||||
Shares issued in connection with | ||||
reinvestment of distributions | 5,367 | 47,618 | 867 | 7,463 |
| ||||
253,562 | 2,214,450 | 16,179 | 140,366 | |
| ||||
Shares repurchased | (111,539) | (963,420) | (5,095) | (44,381) |
| ||||
Net increase | 142,023 | $1,251,030 | 11,084 | $95,985 |
44 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
YEAR ENDED 11/30/16 | YEAR ENDED 11/30/15 | |||
Class M | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| ||||
Shares sold | — | $— | — | $10 |
| ||||
Shares issued in connection with | ||||
reinvestment of distributions | 120 | 1,035 | 120 | 1,037 |
| ||||
120 | 1,035 | 120 | 1,047 | |
| ||||
Shares repurchased | (731) | (6,343) | — | — |
| ||||
Net increase (decrease) | (611) | $(5,308) | 120 | $1,047 |
YEAR ENDED 11/30/16 | YEAR ENDED 11/30/15 | |||
Class Y | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
| ||||
Shares sold | 235,934 | $2,111,454 | 129,113 | $1,142,183 |
| ||||
Shares issued in connection with | ||||
reinvestment of distributions | 5,778 | 50,779 | 3,451 | 29,807 |
| ||||
241,712 | 2,162,233 | 132,564 | 1,171,990 | |
| ||||
Shares repurchased | (130,868) | (1,159,681) | (128,499) | (1,120,524) |
| ||||
Net increase | 110,844 | $1,002,552 | 4,065 | $51,466 |
At the close of the reporting period, Putnam Investments, LLC owned the following shares of the fund:
Shares owned | Percentage of ownership | Value | |
| |||
Class A | 1,013,527 | 76.4% | $8,746,738 |
| |||
Class M | 1,133 | 42.0 | 9,778 |
At the close of the reporting period a shareholder of record owned 6.6% of the outstanding shares of the fund.
Note 5: Affiliated transactions
Transactions during the reporting period with any company which is under common ownership or control were as follows:
Fair value at the | Fair value at | ||||
beginning of the | Investment | the end of the | |||
Name of affiliate | reporting period | Purchase cost | Sale proceeds | income | reporting period |
| |||||
Putnam Short Term | |||||
Investment Fund* | $498,196 | $9,006,483 | $9,504,679 | $4,169 | $— |
| |||||
Totals | $498,196 | $9,006,483 | $9,504,679 | $4,169 | $— |
* Management fees charged to Putnam Short Term Investment Fund have been waived by Putnam Management.
Note 6: Market, credit and other risks
In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks, including those related to economic instability, unfavorable political developments, and currency fluctuations. The fund may invest in higher-yielding, lower-rated bonds that may have a higher rate of default.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 45 |
Note 7: Summary of derivative activity
The volume of activity for the reporting period for any derivative type that was held during the period is listed below and was based on an average of the holdings at the end of each fiscal quarter:
Futures contracts (number of contracts) | 20 |
| |
Forward currency contracts (contract amount) | $8,100,000 |
The following is a summary of the fair value of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period:
Fair value of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period | ||||
| ||||
ASSET DERIVATIVES | LIABILITY DERIVATIVES | |||
| ||||
Derivatives not | ||||
accounted for as | Statement of | Statement of | ||
hedging instruments | assets and | assets and | ||
under ASC 815 | liabilities location | Fair value | liabilities location | Fair value |
| ||||
Foreign exchange | ||||
contracts | Receivables | $106,953 | Payables | $207,035 |
| ||||
Receivables, Net | ||||
assets — Unrealized | Payables, Net assets — | |||
Interest rate contracts | appreciation | 1,222* | Unrealized depreciation | 301* |
| ||||
Total | $108,175 | $207,336 |
* Includes cumulative appreciation/depreciation of futures contracts as reported in the fund’s portfolio. Only current day’s variation margin is reported within the Statement of assets and liabilities.
The following is a summary of realized and change in unrealized gains or losses of derivative instruments in the Statement of operations for the reporting period (see Note 1):
Amount of realized gain or (loss) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments | |||
| |||
Derivatives not accounted for as hedging | Forward currency | ||
instruments under ASC 815 | Futures | contracts | Total |
| |||
Foreign exchange contracts | $— | $217,053 | $217,053 |
| |||
Interest rate contracts | (8,325) | — | $(8,325) |
| |||
Total | $(8,325) | $217,053 | $208,728 |
Change in unrealized appreciation or (depreciation) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments | |||
| |||
Derivatives not accounted for as hedging | Forward currency | ||
instruments under ASC 815 | Futures | contracts | Total |
| |||
Foreign exchange contracts | $— | $(109,807) | $(109,807) |
| |||
Interest rate contracts | 3,045 | — | $3,045 |
| |||
Total | $3,045 | $(109,807) | $(106,762) |
Note 8: New pronouncements
In October 2016, the SEC adopted amendments to rules under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“final rules”) intended to modernize the reporting and disclosure of information by registered investment companies. The final rules amend Regulation S-X and require funds to provide standardized, enhanced derivative disclosure in fund financial statements in a format designed for individual investors. The amendments to Regulation S-X also update the disclosures for other investments and investments in and advances to affiliates and amend the rules regarding the general form and content of fund financial statements. The compliance date for the amendments to Regulation S-X is August 1, 2017. Putnam Management is currently evaluating the amendments and their impact, if any, on the fund’s financial statements.
46 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Note 9: Offsetting of financial and derivative assets and liabilities
The following table summarizes any derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, at the end of the reporting period, that are subject to an enforceable master netting agreement or similar agreement. For securities lending transactions or borrowing transactions associated with securities sold short, if any, see Note 1. For financial reporting purposes, the fund does not offset financial assets and financial liabilities that are subject to the master netting agreements in the Statement of assets and liabilities.
Bank of America N.A. | Citibank, N.A. | Goldman Sachs International | JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A. | Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. | State Street Bank and Trust Co. | Total | ||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||
Futures contracts§ | $— | $— | $— | $— | $10,047 | $— | $10,047 | |||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Forward currency contracts # | 8,008 | 2,116 | — | 22,618 | — | 74,211 | 106,953 | |||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Total Assets | $8,008 | $2,116 | $— | $22,618 | $10,047 | $74,211 | $117,000 | |||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||
Futures contracts§ | — | — | — | — | 5,171 | — | 5,171 | |||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Forward currency contracts # | — | 91,059 | 8,606 | 1,566 | — | 105,804 | 207,035 | |||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities | $— | $91,059 | $8,606 | $1,566 | $5,171 | $105,804 | $212,206 | |||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Total Financial and | $8,008 | $(88,943) | $(8,606) | $21,052 | $4,876 | $(31,593) | $(95,206) | |||||||
Derivative Net Assets | ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Total collateral | $— | $(88,943) | $— | $— | $— | $— | ||||||||
received (pledged)†## | ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
Net amount | $8,008 | $— | $(8,606) | $21,052 | $4,876 | $(31,593) |
† Additional collateral may be required from certain brokers based on individual agreements.
# Covered by master netting agreement (Note 1).
## Any over-collateralization of total financial and derivative net assets is not shown. Collateral may include amounts related to unsettled agreements.
§ Includes current day’s variation margin only as reported on the Statement of assets and liabilities, which is not collateralized. Cumulative appreciation/(depreciation) for futures contracts and centrally cleared swap contracts is represented in the tables listed after the fund’s portfolio.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 47 |
Federal tax information (Unaudited)
For the reporting period, total interest and dividend income from foreign countries were $954,694, or $0.49 per share (for all classes of shares). Taxes paid to foreign countries were $10,895, or less than $0.01 per share (for all classes of shares).
The Form 1099 that will be mailed to you in January 2017 will show the tax status of all distributions paid to your account in calendar 2016.
48 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
About the Trustees
Emerging Markets Income Fund 49 |
* Mr. Reynolds is an “interested person” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the fund and Putnam Investments. He is President and Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments, as well as the President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds.
The address of each Trustee is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109.
As of November 30, 2016, there were 114 Putnam funds. All Trustees serve as Trustees of all Putnam funds.
Each Trustee serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement at age 75, removal, or death.
50 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Officers
In addition to Robert L. Reynolds, the other officers of the fund are shown below:
Jonathan S. Horwitz (Born 1955) | Janet C. Smith (Born 1965) |
Executive Vice President, Principal Executive Officer, | Vice President, Principal Financial Officer, Principal |
and Compliance Liaison | Accounting Officer, and Assistant Treasurer |
Since 2004 | Since 2007 |
Director of Fund Administration Services, | |
Robert T. Burns (Born 1961) | Putnam Investments and Putnam Management |
Vice President and Chief Legal Officer | |
Since 2011 | Susan G. Malloy (Born 1957) |
General Counsel, Putnam Investments, | Vice President and Assistant Treasurer |
Putnam Management, and Putnam Retail Management | Since 2007 |
Director of Accounting & Control Services, | |
James F. Clark (Born 1974) | Putnam Investments and Putnam Management |
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer | |
Since 2016 | Mark C. Trenchard (Born 1962) |
Chief Compliance Officer, Putnam Investments | Vice President and BSA Compliance Officer |
and Putnam Management | Since 2002 |
Director of Operational Compliance, Putnam | |
Michael J. Higgins (Born 1976) | Investments and Putnam Retail Management |
Vice President, Treasurer, and Clerk | |
Since 2010 | Nancy E. Florek (Born 1957) |
Vice President, Director of Proxy Voting and Corporate | |
Governance, Assistant Clerk, and Associate Treasurer | |
Since 2000 |
The principal occupations of the officers for the past five years have been with the employers as shown above, although in some cases they have held different positions with such employers. The address of each officer is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109.
Emerging Markets Income Fund 51 |
Services for shareholders
Investor services
Systematic investment plan Tell us how much you wish to invest regularly — weekly, semimonthly, or monthly — and the amount you choose will be transferred automatically from your checking or savings account. There’s no additional fee for this service, and you can suspend it at any time. This plan may be a great way to save for college expenses or to plan for your retirement.
Please note that regular investing does not guarantee a profit or protect against loss in a declining market. Before arranging a systematic investment plan, consider your financial ability to continue making purchases in periods when prices are low.
Systematic exchange You can make regular transfers from one Putnam fund to another Putnam fund. There are no additional fees for this service, and you can cancel or change your options at any time.
Dividends PLUS You can choose to have the dividend distributions from one of your Putnam funds automatically reinvested in another Putnam fund at no additional charge.
Free exchange privilege You can exchange money between Putnam funds free of charge, as long as they are the same class of shares. A signature guarantee is required if you are exchanging more than $500,000. The fund reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege.
Reinstatement privilege If you’ve sold Putnam shares or received a check for a dividend or capital gain, you may reinvest the proceeds with Putnam within 90 days of the transaction and they will be reinvested at the fund’s current net asset value — with no sales charge. However, reinstatement of class B shares may have special tax consequences. Ask your financial or tax representative for details.
Check-writing service You have ready access to many Putnam accounts. It’s as simple as writing a check, and there are no special fees or service charges. For more information about the check-writing service, call Putnam or visit our website.
Dollar cost averaging When you’re investing for long-term goals, it’s time, not timing, that counts. Investing on a systematic basis is a better strategy than trying to figure out when the markets will go up or down. This means investing the same amount of money regularly over a long period. This method of investing is called dollar cost averaging. When a fund’s share price declines, your investment dollars buy more shares at lower prices. When it increases, they buy fewer shares. Over time, you will pay a lower average price per share.
For more information
Visit the Individual Investors section at putnam.com A secure section of our website contains complete information on your account, including balances and transactions, updated daily. You may also conduct transactions, such as exchanges, additional investments, and address changes. Log on today to get your password.
Call us toll free at 1-800-225-1581 Ask a helpful Putnam representative or your financial advisor for details about any of these or other services, or see your prospectus.
52 Emerging Markets Income Fund |
Fund information
Founded over 75 years ago, Putnam Investments was built around the concept that a balance between risk and reward is the hallmark of a well-rounded financial program. We manage over 100 funds across income, value, blend, growth, asset allocation, absolute return, and global sector categories.
Investment Manager | Trustees | James F. Clark |
Putnam Investment | Jameson A. Baxter, Chair | Vice President and |
Management, LLC | Kenneth R. Leibler, Vice Chair | Chief Compliance Officer |
One Post Office Square | Liaquat Ahamed | |
Boston, MA 02109 | Ravi Akhoury | Michael J. Higgins |
Barbara M. Baumann | Vice President, Treasurer, | |
Investment Sub-Advisor | Robert J. Darretta | and Clerk |
Putnam Investments Limited | Katinka Domotorffy | |
57–59 St James’s Street | John A. Hill | Janet C. Smith |
London, England SW1A 1LD | Paul L. Joskow | Vice President, |
Robert E. Patterson | Principal Financial Officer, | |
Marketing Services | George Putnam, III | Principal Accounting Officer, |
Putnam Retail Management | Robert L. Reynolds | and Assistant Treasurer |
One Post Office Square | W. Thomas Stephens | |
Boston, MA 02109 | Susan G. Malloy | |
Officers | Vice President and | |
Custodian | Robert L. Reynolds | Assistant Treasurer |
State Street Bank | President | |
and Trust Company | Mark C. Trenchard | |
Jonathan S. Horwitz | Vice President and | |
Legal Counsel | Executive Vice President, | BSA Compliance Officer |
Ropes & Gray LLP | Principal Executive Officer, and | |
Compliance Liaison | Nancy E. Florek | |
Independent Registered | Vice President, Director of | |
Public Accounting Firm | Robert T. Burns | Proxy Voting and Corporate |
KPMG LLP | Vice President and | Governance, Assistant Clerk, |
Chief Legal Officer | and Associate Treasurer | |
Item 2. Code of Ethics: |
(a) The fund’s principal executive, financial and accounting officers are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the Fund’s investment manager. As such they are subject to a comprehensive Code of Ethics adopted and administered by Putnam Investments which is designed to protect the interests of the firm and its clients. The Fund has adopted a Code of Ethics which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments with respect to all of its officers and Trustees who are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC. For this reason, the Fund has not adopted a separate code of ethics governing its principal executive, financial and accounting officers. |
Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert: |
The Funds’ Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee is comprised solely of Trustees who are “independent” (as such term has been defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in regulations implementing Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (the “Regulations”)). The Trustees believe that each of the members of the Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee also possess a combination of knowledge and experience with respect to financial accounting matters, as well as other attributes, that qualify them for service on the Committee. In addition, the Trustees have determined that each of Mr. Darretta, Mr. Patterson, Mr. Hill, and Ms. Baumann qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” (as such term has been defined by the Regulations) based on their review of his or her pertinent experience and education. The SEC has stated, and the funds’ amended and restated agreement and Declaration of Trust provides, that the designation or identification of a person as an audit committee financial expert pursuant to this Item 3 of Form N-CSR does not impose on such person any duties, obligations or liability that are greater than the duties, obligations and liability imposed on such person as a member of the Audit, Compliance and Distribution Committee and the Board of Trustees in the absence of such designation or identification. |
Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services: |
The following table presents fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for services rendered to the fund by the fund’s independent auditor: |
Fiscal year ended | Audit Fees | Audit-Related Fees | Tax Fees | All Other Fees | |
November 30, 2016 | $64,059 | $ — | $5,250 | $ — | |
November 30, 2015 | $61,708 | $ — | $5,100 | $ — |
For the fiscal years ended November 30, 2016 and November 30, 2015, the fund’s independent auditor billed aggregate non-audit fees in the amounts of $5,250 and $5,100 respectively, to the fund, Putnam Management and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Putnam Management that provides ongoing services to the fund. |
Audit Fees represent fees billed for the fund’s last two fiscal years relating to the audit and review of the financial statements included in annual reports and registration statements, and other services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. |
Audit-Related Fees represent fees billed in the fund’s last two fiscal years for services traditionally performed by the fund’s auditor, including accounting consultation for proposed transactions or concerning financial accounting and reporting standards and other audit or attest services not required by statute or regulation. |
Tax Fees represent fees billed in the fund’s last two fiscal years for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice services. Tax planning and tax advice services include assistance with tax audits, employee benefit plans and requests for rulings or technical advice from taxing authorities. |
Pre-Approval Policies of the Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee. The Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee of the Putnam funds has determined that, as a matter of policy, all work performed for the funds by the funds’ independent auditors will be pre-approved by the Committee itself and thus will generally not be subject to pre-approval procedures. |
The Audit, Compliance and Distributions Committee also has adopted a policy to pre-approve the engagement by Putnam Management and certain of its affiliates of the funds’ independent auditors, even in circumstances where pre-approval is not required by applicable law. Any such requests by Putnam Management or certain of its affiliates are typically submitted in writing to the Committee and explain, among other things, the nature of the proposed engagement, the estimated fees, and why this work should be performed by that particular audit firm as opposed to another one. In reviewing such requests, the Committee considers, among other things, whether the provision of such services by the audit firm are compatible with the independence of the audit firm. |
The following table presents fees billed by the fund’s independent auditor for services required to be approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X. |
Fiscal year ended | Audit-Related Fees | Tax Fees | All Other Fees | Total Non-Audit Fees | |
November 30, 2016 | $ — | $ — | $ — | $ — | |
November 30, 2015 | $ — | $ — | $ — | $ — |
Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants |
Not applicable |
Item 6. Schedule of Investments: |
The registrant’s schedule of investments in unaffiliated issuers is included in the report to shareholders in Item 1 above. |
Item 7. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures For Closed-End Management Investment Companies: |
Not applicable |
Item 8. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Investment Companies |
Not Applicable |
Item 9. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management Investment Companies and Affiliated Purchasers: |
Not applicable |
Item 10. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders: |
Not applicable |
Item 11. Controls and Procedures: |
(a) The registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded, based on their evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this report, that the design and operation of such procedures are generally effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the registrant in this report is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. |
(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting: Not applicable |
Item 12. Exhibits: |
(a)(1) The Code of Ethics of The Putnam Funds, which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments, is filed herewith. |
(a)(2) Separate certifications for the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are filed herewith. |
(b) The certifications required by Rule 30a-2(b) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are filed herewith. |
SIGNATURES |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. |
Putnam Funds Trust |
By (Signature and Title): |
/s/Janet C. Smith Janet C. Smith Principal Accounting Officer |
Date: January 26, 2017 |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. |
By (Signature and Title): |
/s/Jonathan S. Horwitz Jonathan S. Horwitz Principal Executive Officer |
Date: January 26, 2017 |
By (Signature and Title): |
/s/Janet C. Smith Janet C. Smith Principal Financial Officer |
Date: January 26, 2017 |
Certifications | |
I, Jonathan S. Horwitz, the Principal Executive Officer of the funds listed on Attachment A, certify that: | |
1. I have reviewed each report on Form N-CSR of the funds listed on Attachment A: | |
2. Based on my knowledge, each report does not contain any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by each report; | |
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in each report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in each report; | |
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have: | |
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which each report is being prepared; | |
b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; | |
c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of each report based on such evaluation; and | |
d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and | |
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed to each registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of each registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): | |
a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect each registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and | |
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in each registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. | |
Date: January 25, 2017 | |
/s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz | |
_______________________ | |
Jonathan S. Horwitz | |
Principal Executive Officer | |
Certifications | |
I, Janet C. Smith, the Principal Financial Officer of the funds listed on Attachment A, certify that: | |
1. I have reviewed each report on Form N-CSR of the funds listed on Attachment A: | |
2. Based on my knowledge, each report does not contain any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by each report; | |
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in each report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in each report; | |
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have: | |
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which each report is being prepared; | |
b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; | |
c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of each report based on such evaluation; and | |
d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and | |
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed to each registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of each registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): | |
a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect each registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and | |
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in each registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. | |
Date: January 25, 2017 | |
/s/ Janet C. Smith | |
_______________________ | |
Janet C. Smith | |
Principal Financial Officer | |
Attachment A | |
Period (s) ended November 30, 2016 | |
Putnam Arizona Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Minnesota Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Massachusetts Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam New York Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam High Yield Advantage Fund | |
Putnam Equity Income Fund | |
Putnam Pennsylvania Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Ohio Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam New Jersey Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Michigan Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Dynamic Asset Allocation Equity Fund | |
Putnam Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund | |
Putnam Short-Term Municipal Income Fund | |
Putnam Intermediate-Term Municipal Income Fund | |
Putnam Emerging Markets Income Fund | |
Putnam Global Dividend Fund | |
Putnam Mortgage Opportunities Fund |
Section 906 Certifications | |
I, Jonathan S. Horwitz, the Principal Executive Officer of the Funds listed on Attachment A, certify that, to my knowledge: | |
1. The form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended November 30, 2016 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and | |
2. The information contained in the Form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended November 30, 2016 fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Funds listed on Attachment A. | |
Date: January 25, 2017 | |
/s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz | |
______________________ | |
Jonathan S. Horwitz | |
Principal Executive Officer | |
Section 906 Certifications | |
I, Janet C. Smith, the Principal Financial Officer of the Funds listed on Attachment A, certify that, to my knowledge: | |
1. The form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended November 30, 2016 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and | |
2. The information contained in the Form N-CSR of the Funds listed on Attachment A for the period ended November 30, 2016 fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Funds listed on Attachment A. | |
Date: January 25, 2017 | |
/s/ Janet C. Smith | |
______________________ | |
Janet C. Smith | |
Principal Financial Officer | |
Attachment A | |
N-CSR | |
Period (s) ended November 30, 2016 | |
Putnam Arizona Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Minnesota Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Massachusetts Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam New York Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam High Yield Advantage Fund | |
Putnam Equity Income Fund | |
Putnam Pennsylvania Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Ohio Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam New Jersey Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Michigan Tax Exempt Income Fund | |
Putnam Dynamic Asset Allocation Equity Fund | |
Putnam Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund | |
Putnam Short-Term Municipal Income Fund | |
Putnam Intermediate-Term Municipal Income Fund | |
Putnam Emerging Markets Income Fund | |
Putnam Global Dividend Fund | |
Putnam Mortgage Opportunities Fund | |
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