485BPOS 1 a_pft485b.htm PUTNAM FUNDS TRUST a_pft485b.htm
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on   
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February 28, 2012   
</R>     
 
  Registration No. 333-515 
  811-07513 

 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION   
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549   
 
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FORM N-1A   
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  REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933  / X / 
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    ---- 
  Pre-Effective Amendment No.  /    / 
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    ---- 
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  Post-Effective Amendment No. 142  / X / 
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  and  ---- 
 
    ---- 
  REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY  / X / 
  ACT OF 1940  ---- 
    ---- 
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  Amendment No. 143  / X / 
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  (Check appropriate box or boxes)  ---- 
 
---------------   
PUTNAM FUNDS TRUST   
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)   
 
One Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02109   
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)   
 
Registrant's Telephone Number, including Area Code   
(617) 292-1000   
 
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  It is proposed that this filing will become effective 
  (check appropriate box) 
 
----   
/    /  immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) 
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/ X /  on February 29, 2012 pursuant to paragraph (b) 
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/    /  60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) 
----   
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/    /  on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) 
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/    /  75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) 
----   
----   
/    /  on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485. 
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If appropriate, check the following box: 
----   
/    /  this post-effective amendment designates a new 
----  effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. 
 
  -------------- 
  ROBERT T. BURNS,Vice President 
  PUTNAM FUNDS TRUST 
  One Post Office Square 
  Boston, Massachusetts 02109 
  (Name and address of agent for service) 
  --------------- 
  Copy to: 
 
  JOHN W. GERSTMAYR, Esquire 
  ROPES & GRAY LLP 
  Prudential Tower 
  800 Boylston Street 
  Boston, MA 02199-3600 
  --------------------- 

 



<R>

This Post-Effective Amendment relates solely to the Registrant's Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund, and Putnam Global Sector Fund series. Information contained in the Registrant's Registration Statement relating to any other series of the Registrant is neither amended nor superseded hereby.

</R>



PUTNAM ABSOLUTE RETURN FUNDS  CLASS A  CLASS B  CLASS C  CLASS M  CLASS R  CLASS Y 
Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund  PARTX  PARPX  PARQX  PARZX  PRARX  PARYX 
Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund  PTRNX  PTRBX  PTRGX  PZARX  PTRKX  PYTRX 
Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund  PJMDX  PJMBX  PJMCX  PJMMX  PJMRX  PJMYX 
Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund  PDMAX  PDMBX  PDMCX  PDMMX  PDMRX  PDMYX 

 

Putnam   
Absolute Return 
Funds  Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund 
  Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund 
  Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund 
  Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund 
Prospectus   
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2 |29 |12   
</R>

 

Fund summaries  2 
<R>
What are each fund’s main investment strategies and related risks?  27 
Who oversees and manages the funds?  38 
How does a fund price its shares?  42 
How do I buy fund shares?  43 
How do I sell or exchange fund shares?  51 
Policy on excessive short-term trading  54 
Distribution plans and payments to dealers  57 
Fund distributions and taxes  59 
Financial highlights  61 
</R>

 

Investment Category:  These securities have not been approved 
Absolute Return  or disapproved by the Securities and 
This prospectus explains what  Exchange Commission nor has the 
you should know about this  Commission passed upon the accuracy 
mutual fund before you invest.  or adequacy of this prospectus. Any 
Please read it carefully.  statement to the contrary is a crime. 

 



Fund summaries

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund

Goal

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund seeks to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 100 basis points (or 1.00%) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time (generally at least three years or more) regardless of market conditions.

Fees and expenses

<R>

The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $500,000 in Putnam funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial advisor and in How do I buy fund shares? beginning on page 43 of the fund’s prospectus and in How to buy shares beginning on page II-1 of the fund’s statement of additional information (SAI).

</R>

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

    Maximum deferred sales charge 
  Maximum sales charge (load)  (load) (as a percentage of original 
  imposed on purchases (as a  purchase price or redemption 
Share class  percentage of offering price)  proceeds, whichever is lower) 
<R>
Class A  1.00%  1.00%* 
</R>
Class B  NONE  1.00%** 
<R>
Class C  NONE  1.00%*** 
Class M  0.75%  0.30%* 
</R>
Class R  NONE  NONE 
Class Y  NONE  NONE 

 

2  Prospectus 

 


<R>

Annual fund operating expenses
(expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

            Total 
            annual fund 
            operating 
            expenses 
    Distri-    Total    after 
  Manage-  bution and    annual fund  Expense  expense 
Share  ment  service  Other  operating  reimburse-  reimburse- 
class  fees****  (12b-1) fees  expenses  expenses  ment*****  ment 
 
Class A  0.50%  0.25%  0.22%  0.97%  (0.30)%  0.67% 
Class B  0.50%  0.45%  0.22%  1.17%  (0.30)%  0.87% 
Class C  0.50%  1.00%  0.22%  1.72%  (0.30)%  1.42% 
Class M  0.50%  0.30%  0.22%  1.02%  (0.30)%  0.72% 
Class R  0.50%  0.50%  0.22%  1.22%  (0.30)%  0.92% 
Class Y  0.50%  N/A  0.22%  0.72%  (0.30)%  0.42% 

 

* Applies only to certain redemptions of shares bought with no initial sales charge.

** This charge is phased out over two years.

*** This charge is eliminated after one year.

**** Management fees are subject to a performance adjustment.

***** Reflects Putnam Investment Management, LLC’s contractual obligation to limit certain fund expenses through 6/30/2013. This obligation may be modified or discontinued only with approval of the Board of Trustees.

</R>

Example

The following hypothetical example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then, except as indicated, redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. It assumes a 5% return on your investment each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Only the first year of each period in the example takes into account the expense reimbursement described above. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.

Share class  1 year  3 years  5 years  10 years 
<R>
Class A  $168  $376  $602  $1,251 
Class B  $189  $342  $615  $1,338 
Class B (no redemption)  $89  $342  $615  $1,338 
Class C  $245  $513  $905  $2,005 
Class C (no redemption)  $145  $513  $905  $2,005 
Class M  $148  $368  $605  $1,286 
Class R  $94  $358  $641  $1,451 
Class Y  $43  $200  $371  $866 
</R>

 

Prospectus  3 

 



Portfolio turnover

<R>

The fund pays transaction-related costs when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or the above example, affect fund performance. The fund’s turnover rate in the most recent fiscal year was 186%.

</R>

Investments, risks, and performance

Investments

The fund is designed to pursue a consistent absolute return through a broadly diversified portfolio reflecting uncorrelated fixed-income strategies designed to exploit market inefficiencies across global markets and fixed-income sectors. These strategies include investments in the following asset categories: (a) sovereign debt: obligations of governments in developed and emerging markets; (b) corporate credit: investment grade debt, high yield debt (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”), bank loans, convertible bonds and structured credit; and (c) securitized assets: mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. In pursuing a consistent absolute return, the fund’s strategies are also generally intended to produce lower volatility over a reasonable period of time than has been historically associated with traditional asset classes that have earned similar levels of return over long historical periods. These traditional asset classes might include, for example, short-term debt securities.

<R>

We may consider, among other factors, credit, interest rate and prepayment risks, as well as general market conditions, when deciding whether to buy or sell investments. We typically use derivatives, such as futures, options, certain foreign currency transactions, warrants and swap contracts, for both hedging and non-hedging purposes. Accordingly, we may use derivatives to a significant extent to obtain or enhance exposure to the fixed-income sectors and strategies mentioned above, and to hedge against risk.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund has a lower risk and return profile than Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund as a result of lower exposure to the fixed-income sectors and strategies mentioned above. Another distinction between the funds from time to time may be a higher cash position in Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund.

4  Prospectus 

 



Risks

It is important to understand that you can lose money by investing in the fund.

<R>

Our allocation of assets among fixed-income strategies and sectors may hurt performance. The prices of bonds in the fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including both general financial market conditions and factors related to a specific issuer or industry. Bond investments are subject to interest rate risk, which means the prices of the fund’s bond investments are likely to fall if interest rates rise. Bond investments also are subject to credit risk, which is the risk that the issuer of the bond may default on payment of interest or principal. Interest rate risk is generally greater for longer-term bonds, and credit risk is generally greater for below-investment-grade bonds (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”), which may be considered speculative. Mortgage-backed investments carry the risk that they may increase in value less when interest rates decline and decline in value more when interest rates rise. We may have to invest the proceeds from prepaid investments, including mortgage- and asset-backed investments, in other investments with less attractive terms and yields. The value of international investments traded in foreign currencies may be adversely impacted by fluctuations in exchange rates. International investments may carry risks associated with potentially less stable economies or governments, such as the risk of seizure by a foreign government, the imposition of currency or other restrictions, or high levels of inflation or deflation. International investments, particularly emerging-market investments, can be illiquid. Our use of derivatives may increase these risks by increasing investment exposure (which may be considered leverage) or, in the case of many over-the-counter instruments, because of the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions and the potential failure of the other party to the instrument to meet its obligations.

</R>

The fund may not achieve its goal, and it is not intended to be a complete investment program. The fund’s efforts to produce lower volatility returns may not be successful and may make it more difficult at times for the fund to achieve its targeted return. In addition, under certain market conditions, the fund may accept greater volatility than would typically be the case, in order to seek its targeted return. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.

Prospectus  5 

 



Investor profile

The fund is one of four Putnam Absolute Return Funds designed for investors seeking a positive total return in excess of inflation by a targeted amount (100, 300, 500 or 700 basis points) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time regardless of market conditions. Because the fund seeks performance over a reasonable period of time, investors should be willing to wait out short-term market fluctuations and should generally have an investment horizon of at least three years or more. The fund may be suitable for you if you are seeking cash investments that earn a stable return and income over time, particularly if you are in or near retirement.

Performance

The performance information below gives some indication of the risks associated with an investment in the fund by showing the fund’s performance year to year and over time. The bar chart does not reflect the impact of sales charges. If it did, performance would be lower. Please remember that past performance is not necessarily an indication of future results. Monthly performance figures for the fund are available at putnam.com.

<R>

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6  Prospectus 

 



Average annual total returns after sales charges
(for periods ending 12/31/11)

    Since inception 
Share class  1 year  (12/23/08) 
 
Class A before taxes  –2.85%  0.74% 
Class A after taxes on distributions  –3.37%  0.33% 
Class A after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares  –1.85%  0.42% 
Class B before taxes  –3.14%  0.69% 
Class C before taxes  –3.62%  0.32% 
Class M before taxes  –2.80%  0.71% 
Class R before taxes  –2.23%  0.79% 
Class Y before taxes  –1.76%  1.31% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index (no deduction for     
fees, expenses or taxes)  0.14%  0.22% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 100 basis     
points (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  1.14%  1.22% 
S&P 500 Index (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  2.11%  15.77% 
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (no deduction     
for fees, expenses or taxes)  7.84%  6.81% 

 

</R>

After-tax returns reflect the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are shown for class A shares only and will vary for other classes. These after-tax returns do not apply if you hold your fund shares through a 401(k) plan, an IRA, or another tax-advantaged arrangement.

<R>

The Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index and the S&P 500 Index are broad measures of market performance. Securities in the fund do not match those in the indexes and the performance of the fund will differ.

</R>

Your fund’s management

Investment advisor

Putnam Investment Management, LLC

Portfolio managers

<R>

D. William Kohli, Co-Head of Fixed Income, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Kevin Murphy, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Michael Salm, Co-Head of Fixed Income, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Paul Scanlon, Co-Head of Fixed Income, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Raman Srivastava, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Prospectus  7 

 



For important information about the purchase and sale of fund shares, tax information, and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important additional information about all funds beginning on page 26.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund

Goal

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund seeks to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 300 basis points (or 3.00%) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time (generally at least three years or more) regardless of market conditions.

Fees and expenses

<R>

The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $500,000 in Putnam funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial advisor and in How do I buy fund shares? beginning on page 43 of the fund’s prospectus and in How to buy shares beginning on page II-1 of the fund’s statement of additional information (SAI).

</R>

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

    Maximum deferred sales charge 
  Maximum sales charge (load)  (load) (as a percentage of original 
  imposed on purchases (as a  purchase price or redemption 
Share class  percentage of offering price)  proceeds, whichever is lower) 
<R>
Class A  1.00%  1.00%* 
</R>
Class B  NONE  1.00%** 
<R>
Class C  NONE  1.00%*** 
Class M  0.75%  0.30%* 
</R>
Class R  NONE  NONE 
Class Y  NONE  NONE 

 

8  Prospectus 

 


<R>

Annual fund operating expenses
(expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

            Total 
            annual fund 
            operating 
            expenses 
    Distri-    Total    after 
  Manage-  bution and    annual fund  Expense  expense 
Share  ment  service  Other  operating  reimburse-  reimburse- 
class  fees****  (12b-1) fees  expenses  expenses  ment*****  ment 
 
Class A  0.60%  0.25%  0.20%  1.05%  (0.18)%  0.87% 
Class B  0.60%  0.45%  0.20%  1.25%  (0.18)%  1.07% 
Class C  0.60%  1.00%  0.20%  1.80%  (0.18)%  1.62% 
Class M  0.60%  0.30%  0.20%  1.10%  (0.18)%  0.92% 
Class R  0.60%  0.50%  0.20%  1.30%  (0.18)%  1.12% 
Class Y  0.60%  N/A  0.20%  0.80%  (0.18)%  0.62% 
 
* Applies only to certain redemptions of shares bought with no initial sales charge.

** This charge is phased out over two years.

*** This charge is eliminated after one year.

**** Management fees are subject to a performance adjustment.

***** Reflects Putnam Investment Management, LLC’s contractual obligation to limit certain fund expenses through 6/30/2013. This obligation may be modified or discontinued only with approval of the Board of Trustees.

</R>

Example

The following hypothetical example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then, except as indicated, redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. It assumes a 5% return on your investment each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Only the first year of each period in the example takes into account the expense reimbursement described above. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.

Share class  1 year  3 years  5 years  10 years 
<R>
Class A  $188  $413  $656  $1,354 
Class B  $209  $379  $669  $1,440 
Class B (no redemption)  $109  $379  $669  $1,440 
Class C  $265  $549  $958  $2,101 
Class C (no redemption)  $165  $549  $958  $2,101 
Class M  $168  $404  $659  $1,389 
Class R  $114  $394  $696  $1,552 
Class Y  $63  $237  $426  $973 
</R>

 

Prospectus  9 

 



Portfolio turnover

<R>

The fund pays transaction-related costs when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or the above example, affect fund performance. The fund’s turnover rate in the most recent fiscal year was 188%.

</R>

Investments, risks, and performance

Investments

The fund is designed to pursue a consistent absolute return through a broadly diversified portfolio reflecting uncorrelated fixed-income strategies designed to exploit market inefficiencies across global markets and fixed-income sectors. These strategies include investments in the following asset categories: (a) sovereign debt: obligations of governments in developed and emerging markets; (b) corporate credit: investment grade debt, high yield debt (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”), bank loans, convertible bonds and structured credit; and (c) securitized assets: mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. In pursuing a consistent absolute return, the fund’s strategies are also generally intended to produce lower volatility over a reasonable period of time than has been historically associated with traditional asset classes that have earned similar levels of return over long historical periods. These traditional asset classes might include, for example, bonds with moderate exposure to interest rate and credit risks.

<R>

We may consider, among other factors, credit, interest rate and prepayment risks, as well as general market conditions, when deciding whether to buy or sell investments. We typically use derivatives, such as futures, options, certain foreign currency transactions, warrants and swap contracts, for both hedging and non-hedging purposes. Accordingly, we may use derivatives to a significant extent to obtain or enhance exposure to the fixed-income sectors and strategies mentioned above, and to hedge against risk.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund has a higher risk and return profile than Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund as a result of increased exposure to the fixed-income sectors and strategies mentioned above. Another distinction between the funds from time to time may be a higher cash position in Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund.

10  Prospectus 

 



Risks

It is important to understand that you can lose money by investing in the fund.

<R>

Our allocation of assets among fixed-income strategies and sectors may hurt performance. The prices of bonds in the fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including both general financial market conditions and factors related to a specific issuer or industry. Bond investments are subject to interest rate risk, which means the prices of the fund’s bond investments are likely to fall if interest rates rise. Bond investments also are subject to credit risk, which is the risk that the issuer of the bond may default on payment of interest or principal. Interest rate risk is generally greater for longer-term bonds, and credit risk is generally greater for below-investment-grade bonds (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”), which may be considered speculative. Mortgage-backed investments carry the risk that they may increase in value less when interest rates decline and decline in value more when interest rates rise. We may have to invest the proceeds from prepaid investments, including mortgage- and asset-backed investments, in other investments with less attractive terms and yields. The value of international investments traded in foreign currencies may be adversely impacted by fluctuations in exchange rates. International investments may carry risks associated with potentially less stable economies or governments, such as the risk of seizure by a foreign government, the imposition of currency or other restrictions, or high levels of inflation or deflation. International investments, particularly emerging-market investments, can be illiquid. Our use of derivatives may increase these risks by increasing investment exposure (which may be considered leverage) or, in the case of many over-the-counter instruments, because of the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions and the potential failure of the other party to the instrument to meet its obligations.

</R>

The fund may not achieve its goal, and it is not intended to be a complete investment program. The fund’s efforts to produce lower volatility returns may not be successful and may make it more difficult at times for the fund to achieve its targeted return. In addition, under certain market conditions, the fund may accept greater volatility than would typically be the case, in order to seek its targeted return. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.

Prospectus  11 

 



Investor profile

The fund is one of four Putnam Absolute Return Funds designed for investors seeking a positive total return in excess of inflation by a targeted amount (100, 300, 500 or 700 basis points) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time regardless of market conditions. Because the fund seeks performance over a reasonable period of time, investors should be willing to wait out short-term market fluctuations and should generally have an investment horizon of at least three years or more. The fund may be suitable for you if you are considering a bond fund with moderate exposure to interest rate and credit risks.

Performance

The performance information below gives some indication of the risks associated with an investment in the fund by showing the fund’s performance year to year and over time. The bar chart does not reflect the impact of sales charges. If it did, performance would be lower. Please remember that past performance is not necessarily an indication of future results. Monthly performance figures for the fund are available at putnam.com.

<R>
 
 
12  Prospectus 

 



Average annual total returns after sales charges
(for periods ending 12/31/11)

    Since inception 
Share class  1 year  (12/23/08) 
 
Class A before taxes  –5.34%  1.85% 
Class A after taxes on distributions  –5.68%  1.24% 
Class A after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares  –3.47%  1.24% 
Class B before taxes  –5.53%  1.79% 
Class C before taxes  –5.97%  1.43% 
Class M before taxes  –5.07%  1.81% 
Class R before taxes  –4.62%  1.90% 
Class Y before taxes  –4.12%  2.42% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index (no deduction for     
fees, expenses or taxes)  0.14%  0.22% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 300 basis     
points (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  3.14%  3.22% 
S&P 500 Index (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  2.11%  15.77% 
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (no deduction     
for fees, expenses or taxes)  7.84%  6.81% 

 

</R>

After-tax returns reflect the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are shown for class A shares only and will vary for other classes. These after-tax returns do not apply if you hold your fund shares through a 401(k) plan, an IRA, or another tax-advantaged arrangement.

<R>

The Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index and the S&P 500 Index are broad measures of market performance. Securities in the fund do not match those in the indexes and the performance of the fund will differ.

</R>

Your fund’s management

Investment advisor

Putnam Investment Management, LLC

Portfolio managers

<R>

D. William Kohli, Co-Head of Fixed Income, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Kevin Murphy, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Michael Salm, Co-Head of Fixed Income, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Paul Scanlon, Co-Head of Fixed Income, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Raman Srivastava, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Prospectus  13 

 



For important information about the purchase and sale of fund shares, tax information, and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important additional information about all funds beginning on page 26.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund

Goal

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund seeks to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 500 basis points (or 5.00%) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time (generally at least three years or more) regardless of market conditions.

Fees and expenses

<R>

The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Putnam funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial advisor and in How do I buy fund shares? beginning on page 43 of the fund’s prospectus and in How to buy shares beginning on page II-1 of the fund’s statement of additional information (SAI).

</R>

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

    Maximum deferred sales charge 
  Maximum sales charge (load)  (load) (as a percentage of original 
  imposed on purchases (as a  purchase price or redemption 
Share class  percentage of offering price)  proceeds, whichever is lower) 
<R> 
Class A  5.75%  1.00%* 
</R>
Class B  NONE  5.00%** 
<R>
Class C  NONE  1.00%*** 
Class M  3.50%  0.65%* 
</R>
Class R  NONE  NONE 
Class Y  NONE  NONE 

 

14  Prospectus 

 


<R>

Annual fund operating expenses
(expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

            Total 
            annual fund 
            operating 
            expenses 
    Distri-    Total    after 
  Manage-  bution and    annual fund  Expense  expense 
Share  ment  service  Other  operating  reimburse-  reimburse- 
class  fees****  (12b-1) fees  expenses  expenses  ment*****  ment 
 
Class A  0.74%  0.25%  0.30%  1.29%  (0.12)%  1.17% 
Class B  0.74%  1.00%  0.30%  2.04%  (0.12)%  1.92% 
Class C  0.74%  1.00%  0.30%  2.04%  (0.12)%  1.92% 
Class M  0.74%  0.75%  0.30%  1.79%  (0.12)%  1.67% 
Class R  0.74%  0.50%  0.30%  1.54%  (0.12)%  1.42% 
Class Y  0.74%  N/A  0.30%  1.04%  (0.12)%  0.92% 

 

* Applies only to certain redemptions of shares bought with no initial sales charge.

** This charge is phased out over six years.

*** This charge is eliminated after one year.

**** Management fees are subject to a performance adjustment.

***** Reflects Putnam Investment Management, LLC’s contractual obligation to limit certain fund expenses through 6/30/2013. This obligation may be modified or discontinued only with approval of the Board of Trustees.

</R>

Example

The following hypothetical example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then, except as indicated, redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. It assumes a 5% return on your investment each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Only the first year of each period in the example takes into account the expense reimbursement described above. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.

Share class  1 year  3 years  5 years  10 years 
<R>
Class A  $687  $949  $1,231  $2,032 
Class B  $695  $928  $1,287  $2,167 
Class B (no redemption)  $195  $628  $1,087  $2,167 
Class C  $295  $628  $1,087  $2,359 
Class C (no redemption)  $195  $628  $1,087  $2,359 
Class M  $514  $882  $1,275  $2,372 
Class R  $145  $475  $828  $1,824 
Class Y  $94  $319  $562  $1,260 
</R>

 

Prospectus  15 

 



Portfolio turnover

<R>

The fund pays transaction-related costs when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or the above example, affect fund performance. The fund’s turnover rate in the most recent fiscal year was 144%.

</R>

Investments, risks, and performance

Investments

The fund is designed to pursue a consistent absolute return by combining two independent investment strategies — a beta strategy, which provides broad exposure to investment markets, and an alpha strategy, which seeks returns from active trading. The beta strategy seeks to balance risk and to provide positive total return by investing, without limit, in many different asset classes, including U.S., international, and emerging markets equity securities (growth or value stocks or both) and fixed-income securities; mortgage- and asset-backed securities; high yield securities (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”); inflation-protected securities; commodities; and real estate investment trusts. The alpha strategy involves the potential use of active trading strategies designed to provide additional total return through active security selection, tactical asset allocation, currency transactions and options transactions. In pursuing a consistent absolute return, the fund’s strategies are also generally intended to produce lower volatility over a reasonable period of time than has been historically associated with traditional asset classes that have earned similar levels of return over long historical periods. These traditional asset classes might include, for example, balanced portfolios with significant exposure to both stocks and bonds.

<R>

We may consider, among other factors, a company’s valuation, financial strength, growth potential, competitive position in its industry, projected future earnings, cash flows and dividends when deciding whether to buy or sell equity investments, and, among other factors, credit, interest rate and prepayment risks when deciding whether to buy or sell fixed-income investments. We may also take into account general market conditions when making investment decisions. We typically use derivatives, such as futures, options, certain foreign currency transactions, warrants and swap contracts, to a significant extent for hedging purposes and to increase the fund’s exposure to the asset classes and strategies mentioned above, which may create investment leverage.

</R>

16  Prospectus 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund has a lower risk and return profile than Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund as a result of lower exposure to the asset classes and strategies mentioned above.

Risks

It is important to understand that you can lose money by investing in the fund.

<R>

Our allocation of assets among asset classes may hurt performance. The prices of stocks and bonds in the fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including both general financial market conditions and factors related to a specific issuer or industry. These risks are generally greater for small and midsize companies. Growth stocks may be more susceptible to earnings disappointments, and value stocks may fail to rebound. Bond investments are subject to interest rate risk, which means the prices of the fund’s bond investments are likely to fall if interest rates rise. Bond investments also are subject to credit risk, which is the risk that the issuer of the bond may default on payment of interest or principal. Interest rate risk is generally greater for longer-term bonds, and credit risk is generally greater for below-investment-grade bonds (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”), which may be considered speculative. Mortgage-backed investments carry the risk that they may increase in value less when interest rates decline and decline in value more when interest rates rise. We may have to invest the proceeds from prepaid investments, including mortgage- and asset-backed investments, in other investments with less attractive terms and yields. The value of international investments traded in foreign currencies may be adversely impacted by fluctuations in exchange rates. International investments may carry risks associated with potentially less stable economies or governments, such as the risk of seizure by a foreign government, the imposition of currency or other restrictions, or high levels of inflation or deflation. International investments, particularly emerging-market investments, can be illiquid. Our alpha strategy may lose money or not earn a return sufficient to cover associated trading and other costs. Our use of leverage obtained through derivatives increases these risks by increasing investment exposure. Derivatives also involve the risk, in the case of many over-the-counter instruments, of the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions and the potential failure of the other party to the instrument to meet its obligations.

</R>

The fund may not achieve its goal, and it is not intended to be a complete investment program. The fund’s efforts to produce lower volatility returns may not be successful and may make it more difficult at times for the fund to achieve its targeted return. In addition, under certain market conditions,

Prospectus  17 

 



the fund may accept greater volatility than would typically be the case, in order to seek its targeted return. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.

Investor profile

The fund is one of four Putnam Absolute Return Funds designed for investors seeking a positive total return in excess of inflation by a targeted amount (100, 300, 500 or 700 basis points) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time regardless of market conditions. Because the fund seeks performance over a reasonable period of time, investors should be willing to wait out short-term market fluctuations and should generally have an investment horizon of at least three years or more. The fund may be suitable for you if you are considering a balanced fund, or a fund that can manage allocations and risk across global asset classes.

Performance

The performance information below gives some indication of the risks associated with an investment in the fund by showing the fund’s performance year to year and over time. The bar chart does not reflect the impact of sales charges. If it did, performance would be lower. Please remember that past performance is not necessarily an indication of future results. Monthly performance figures for the fund are available at putnam.com.

<R>


18  Prospectus 

 



Average annual total returns after sales charges
(for periods ending 12/31/11)

    Since inception 
Share class  1 year  (12/23/08) 
 
Class A before taxes  –5.18%  2.27% 
Class A after taxes on distributions  –6.09%  1.48% 
Class A after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares  –3.28%  1.51% 
Class B before taxes  –4.99%  2.58% 
Class C before taxes  –1.04%  3.54% 
Class M before taxes  –3.35%  2.57% 
Class R before taxes  0.39%  4.04% 
Class Y before taxes  0.94%  4.57% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index (no deduction for     
fees, expenses or taxes)  0.14%  0.22% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 500 basis     
points (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  5.14%  5.22% 
S&P 500 Index (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  2.11%  15.77% 
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (no deduction     
for fees, expenses or taxes)  7.84%  6.81% 

 

</R>

After-tax returns reflect the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are shown for class A shares only and will vary for other classes. These after-tax returns do not apply if you hold your fund shares through a 401(k) plan, an IRA, or another tax-advantaged arrangement.

<R>

The Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index and the S&P 500 Index are broad measures of market performance. Securities in the fund do not match those in the indexes and the performance of the fund will differ.

</R>

Your fund’s management

Investment advisor

Putnam Investment Management, LLC

Portfolio managers

<R>

Jeffrey Knight, Head of Global Asset Allocation, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

James Fetch, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Robert Kea, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Joshua Kutin, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2012

Robert Schoen, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Jason Vaillancourt, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Prospectus  19 

 



For important information about the purchase and sale of fund shares, tax information, and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important additional information about all funds beginning on page 26.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund

Goal

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund seeks to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 700 basis points (or 7.00%) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time (generally at least three years or more) regardless of market conditions.

Fees and expenses

<R>

The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Putnam funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial advisor and in How do I buy fund shares? beginning on page 43 of the fund’s prospectus and in How to buy shares beginning on page II-1 of the fund’s statement of additional information (SAI).

</R>

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

    Maximum deferred sales charge 
  Maximum sales charge (load)  (load) (as a percentage of original 
  imposed on purchases (as a  purchase price or redemption 
Share class  percentage of offering price)  proceeds, whichever is lower) 
<R>
Class A  5.75%  1.00%* 
</R>
Class B  NONE  5.00%** 
<R>
Class C  NONE  1.00%*** 
Class M  3.50%  0.65%* 
</R>
Class R  NONE  NONE 
Class Y  NONE  NONE 

 

20  Prospectus 

 


<R>

Annual fund operating expenses
(expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

            Total 
            annual fund 
            operating 
            expenses 
    Distri-    Total    after 
  Manage-  bution and    annual fund  Expense  expense 
Share  ment  service  Other  operating  reimburse-  reimburse- 
class  fees****  (12b-1) fees  expenses  expenses  ment*****  ment 
 
Class A  0.90%  0.25%  0.30%  1.45%  (0.08)%  1.37% 
Class B  0.90%  1.00%  0.30%  2.20%  (0.08)%  2.12% 
Class C  0.90%  1.00%  0.30%  2.20%  (0.08)%  2.12% 
Class M  0.90%  0.75%  0.30%  1.95%  (0.08)%  1.87% 
Class R  0.90%  0.50%  0.30%  1.70%  (0.08)%  1.62% 
Class Y  0.90%  N/A  0.30%  1.20%  (0.08)%  1.12% 

 

* Applies only to certain redemptions of shares bought with no initial sales charge.

** This charge is phased out over six years.

*** This charge is eliminated after one year.

**** Management fees are subject to a performance adjustment.

***** Reflects Putnam Investment Management, LLC’s contractual obligation to limit certain fund expenses through 6/30/2013. This obligation may be modified or discontinued only with approval of the Board of Trustees.

</R>

Example

The following hypothetical example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then, except as indicated, redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. It assumes a 5% return on your investment each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Only the first year of each period in the example takes into account the expense reimbursement described above. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.

Share class  1 year  3 years  5 years  10 years 
<R>
Class A  $706  $1,000  $1,314  $2,204 
Class B  $715  $980  $1,372  $2,338 
Class B (no redemption)  $215  $680  $1,172  $2,338 
Class C  $315  $680  $1,172  $2,528 
Class C (no redemption)  $215  $680  $1,172  $2,528 
Class M  $533  $933  $1,358  $2,539 
Class R  $165  $528  $915  $2,002 
Class Y  $114  $373  $652  $1,447 
</R>

 

Prospectus  21 

 



Portfolio turnover

<R>

The fund pays transaction-related costs when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or the above example, affect fund performance. The fund’s turnover rate in the most recent fiscal year was 174%.

</R>

Investments, risks, and performance

Investments

The fund is designed to pursue a consistent absolute return by combining two independent investment strategies — a beta strategy, which provides broad exposure to investment markets, and an alpha strategy, which seeks returns from active trading. The beta strategy seeks to balance risk and to provide positive total return by investing, without limit, in many different asset classes, including U.S., international, and emerging markets equity securities (growth or value stocks or both) and fixed-income securities; mortgage- and asset-backed securities; high yield securities (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”); inflation-protected securities; commodities; and real estate investment trusts. The alpha strategy involves the potential use of active trading strategies designed to provide additional total return through active security selection, tactical asset allocation, currency transactions and options transactions. In pursuing a consistent absolute return, the fund’s strategies are also generally intended to produce lower volatility over a reasonable period of time than has been historically associated with traditional asset classes that have earned similar levels of return over long historical periods. These traditional asset classes might include, for example, equities or equity-like investments.

<R>

We may consider, among other factors, a company’s valuation, financial strength, growth potential, competitive position in its industry, projected future earnings, cash flows and dividends when deciding whether to buy or sell equity investments, and, among other factors, credit, interest rate and prepayment risks when deciding whether to buy or sell fixed-income investments. We may also take into account general market conditions when making investment decisions. We typically use derivatives, such as futures, options, certain foreign currency transactions, warrants and swap contracts, to a significant extent for hedging purposes and to increase the fund’s exposure to the asset classes and strategies mentioned above, which may create investment leverage.

</R>

22  Prospectus 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund has a higher risk and return profile than Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund as a result of increased exposure to the asset classes and strategies mentioned above.

Risks

It is important to understand that you can lose money by investing in the fund.

<R>

Our allocation of assets among asset classes may hurt performance. The prices of stocks and bonds in the fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including both general financial market conditions and factors related to a specific issuer or industry. These risks are generally greater for small and midsize companies. Growth stocks may be more susceptible to earnings disappointments, and value stocks may fail to rebound. Bond investments are subject to interest rate risk, which means the prices of the fund’s bond investments are likely to fall if interest rates rise. Bond investments also are subject to credit risk, which is the risk that the issuer of the bond may default on payment of interest or principal. Interest rate risk is generally greater for longer-term bonds, and credit risk is generally greater for below-investment-grade bonds (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”), which may be considered speculative. Mortgage-backed investments carry the risk that they may increase in value less when interest rates decline and decline in value more when interest rates rise. We may have to invest the proceeds from prepaid investments, including mortgage- and asset-backed investments, in other investments with less attractive terms and yields. The value of international investments traded in foreign currencies may be adversely impacted by fluctuations in exchange rates. International investments may carry risks associated with potentially less stable economies or governments, such as the risk of seizure by a foreign government, the imposition of currency or other restrictions, or high levels of inflation or deflation. International investments, particularly emerging-market investments, can be illiquid. Our alpha strategy may lose money or not earn a return sufficient to cover associated trading and other costs. Our use of leverage obtained through derivatives increases these risks by increasing investment exposure. Derivatives also involve the risk, in the case of many over-the-counter instruments, of the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions and the potential failure of the other party to the instrument to meet its obligations.

</R>

The fund may not achieve its goal, and it is not intended to be a complete investment program. The fund’s efforts to produce lower volatility returns may not be successful and may make it more difficult at times for the fund to achieve its targeted return. In addition, under certain market conditions,

Prospectus  23 

 



the fund may accept greater volatility than would typically be the case, in order to seek its targeted return. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.

Investor profile

The fund is one of four Putnam Absolute Return Funds designed for investors seeking a positive total return in excess of inflation by a targeted amount (100, 300, 500 or 700 basis points) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time regardless of market conditions. Because the fund seeks performance over a reasonable period of time, investors should be willing to wait out short-term market fluctuations and should generally have an investment horizon of at least three years or more. The fund may be suitable for you if you are considering a stock fund, or a fund that can manage allocations and risk across global asset classes.

Performance

The performance information below gives some indication of the risks associated with an investment in the fund by showing the fund’s performance year to year and over time. The bar chart does not reflect the impact of sales charges. If it did, performance would be lower. Please remember that past performance is not necessarily an indication of future results. Monthly performance figures for the fund are available at putnam.com.

<R>
 

24  Prospectus 

 



Average annual total returns after sales charges
(for periods ending 12/31/11)

    Since inception 
Share class  1 year  (12/23/08) 
 
Class A before taxes  –5.30%  3.89% 
Class A after taxes on distributions  –6.48%  2.88% 
Class A after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares  –3.35%  2.77% 
Class B before taxes  –5.09%  4.23% 
Class C before taxes  –1.20%  5.17% 
Class M before taxes  –3.53%  4.09% 
Class R before taxes  0.18%  5.57% 
Class Y before taxes  0.76%  6.17% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index (no deduction for     
fees, expenses or taxes)  0.14%  0.22% 
BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 700 basis     
points (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  7.14%  7.22% 
S&P 500 Index (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)  2.11%  15.77% 
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (no deduction     
for fees, expenses or taxes)  7.84%  6.81% 

 

</R>

After-tax returns reflect the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are shown for class A shares only and will vary for other classes. These after-tax returns do not apply if you hold your fund shares through a 401(k) plan, an IRA, or another tax-advantaged arrangement.

<R>

The Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index and the S&P 500 Index are broad measures of market performance. Securities in the fund do not match those in the indexes and the performance of the fund will differ.

</R>

Your fund’s management

Investment advisor

Putnam Investment Management, LLC

Portfolio managers

<R>

Jeffrey Knight, Head of Global Asset Allocation, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

James Fetch, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Robert Kea, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Joshua Kutin, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2012

Robert Schoen, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Jason Vaillancourt, Portfolio Manager, portfolio manager of the fund since 2008

Prospectus  25 

 



For important information about the purchase and sale of fund shares, tax information, and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important additional information about all funds beginning on page 26.

</R>

Important additional information about all funds

Purchase and sale of fund shares

You can open an account, purchase and/or sell fund shares, or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund by contacting your financial advisor or by calling Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581.

When opening an account, you must complete and mail a Putnam account application, along with a check made payable to the fund, to: Putnam Investor Services, P.O. Box 8383, Boston, MA 02266-8383. The minimum initial investment of $500 is currently waived, although Putnam reserves the right to reject initial investments under $500 at its discretion. There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

<R>

You can sell your shares back to the fund or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund any day the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is open. Shares may be sold or exchanged by mail, by phone, or online at putnam.com. Some restrictions may apply.

</R>

Tax information

<R>

The fund’s distributions will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains unless you hold the shares through a tax-advantaged arrangement, in which case you will generally be taxed only upon withdrawal of monies from the arrangement.

</R>

Financial intermediary compensation

<R>

If you purchase the fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the fund and its related companies may pay that intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. Please bear in mind that these payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your advisor or visit your advisor’s website for more information.

</R>
 
26  Prospectus 

 



What are each fund’s main investment strategies and related risks?

This section contains greater detail on each fund’s main investment strategies and the related risks you would face as a fund shareholder. It is important to keep in mind that risk and reward generally go hand in hand; the higher the potential reward, the greater the risk.

<R>

The use of the term “absolute return” in each fund’s name is meant to distinguish each fund’s goal and investment strategies from those of most other mutual funds available in the marketplace. Most mutual funds are generally managed with a goal of outperforming an index of securities or an index of competitive funds. As a result, even if these funds are successful in achieving their goals, their investment returns may be positive or negative and will tend to reflect the general direction of the markets. In addition, these other funds can expose investors to significant market volatility and sustained periods of negative performance. Volatility refers to the tendency of investments and markets to fluctuate in price over time. The greater an investment’s or market’s volatility, the more sharply its price may fluctuate. A fund’s volatility is often measured as the standard deviation of the fund’s monthly returns and expressed as a percentage.

</R>

In contrast, an “absolute return” strategy seeks to earn a positive total return over a reasonable period of time, regardless of market conditions or general market direction. As a result, if this strategy is successful, investors should expect the funds to outperform the general securities markets during periods of flat or negative market performance, to underperform during periods of strong positive market performance, and typically to produce less volatile returns over a reasonable period of time than has been historically associated with traditional asset classes that have earned similar levels of return over long historical periods.

The funds seek to earn their targeted returns over a reasonable period of time — generally at least three years or more — since investment returns will likely fluctuate over shorter periods of time as market conditions vary, even under an “absolute return” strategy.

The funds pursue their goals through portfolios that are structured to offer varying degrees of risk, expected volatility and expected returns. The funds seek to earn a positive total return that exceeds, by a particular amount, the rate of inflation, as reflected by the return of the BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index. The index tracks the performance of U.S. dollar denominated U.S. Treasury bills, which represent obligations of the U.S.

Prospectus  27 

 



Government having a maturity of one year or less, and is intended as an approximate measure of the rate of inflation.

While the funds seek returns in excess of the BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index, you should be aware that an investment in the funds is not the same as an investment in the BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index. An investment in U.S. Treasury bills, which are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, is generally considered a risk free investment. Investing in the funds, however, does involve certain risks, including the risk of loss. Because risk and reward are related, you should expect the risk associated with an investment in a fund, and the volatility of that fund’s returns, to increase as the fund seeks higher returns.

The following sections describe the funds’ main investment strategies. As a general matter, each fund has significant flexibility in its choice of strategies. This flexibility enhances the funds’ ability to seek their targeted returns. This flexibility is also generally expected to result in diversification of a fund’s portfolio across multiple asset classes, although the funds may focus on particular asset classes from time to time. Diversification generally limits market exposure to any asset class and helps to reduce the volatility of returns.

Global bond strategies — Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds

Independent global fixed income investment strategies

We seek to efficiently mix a number of independent global fixed-income investment strategies. These strategies may be based on security selection, allocation among sub-sectors within sectors of the fixed-income market (such as the investment grade and high yield sub-sectors within the credit sector), macroeconomic developments (such as those relating to currencies and country-specific developments), and other techniques. By using a number of different strategies, the funds may take advantage of today’s global fixed-income markets, which are complex, rapidly evolving, and characterized by newly defined instruments, sub-sectors, and derivatives that, we believe, offer substantial opportunities. We may invest without limit in all available global fixed-income instruments, including lower-rated debt, to diversify portfolio exposure regardless of market conditions.

Derivatives and investment exposures

When the funds use derivatives to increase their exposure to investments, the derivatives may create investment leverage. In general, to the extent that leverage is used in these funds, Absolute Return 300 Fund is expected to make greater use of leverage than Absolute Return 100 Fund.

28  Prospectus 

 



Absolute Return 300 Fund has a higher expected return, and higher expected risk and volatility, than Absolute Return 100 Fund as a result of increased exposure, including through the use of derivatives, to fixed-income sectors and investment strategies. Another distinction between the funds from time to time may be a higher cash position in Absolute Return 100 Fund.

Beta and alpha strategies — Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

The beta strategy of allocating assets among many asset classes generally depends upon the direction of the relevant markets for success, while the alpha strategy is generally designed not to depend upon market direction for success. The beta and alpha strategies are intended to be uncorrelated and to operate largely independently, thus improving a fund’s chances of earning a positive total return regardless of market conditions. Both the beta and alpha strategies are dynamic, permitting us to take advantage of opportunities that arise from different economic conditions.

<R>

• Derivatives and investment exposures; investment leverage. When the funds use derivatives to increase their exposure to investments in order to enhance the funds’ total returns, the derivatives may create investment leverage. Investment leverage means that, for every $100 invested in a fund, the fund may obtain an exposure to more than $100 of underlying investments after long and short positions are netted against each other. The amounts of investment leverage will vary over time. Under normal market conditions, we expect that investment leverage obtained as part of a fund’s beta strategy may result in a net notional investment exposure of up to 150% of net assets in the case of Absolute Return 500 Fund and up to 200% of net assets in the case of Absolute Return 700 Fund. We may make an investment directly, or we may obtain exposure to the investment synthetically, through the use of one or more derivatives. We treat a synthetic investment as having the same net notional investment exposure as the equivalent direct investment. The funds’ alpha strategy may involve the use of derivatives that introduce additional investment leverage. Absolute Return 700 Fund has a higher expected return, and higher expected risk and volatility, than Absolute Return 500 Fund as a result of increased exposure, including through the use of derivatives, to asset classes and investment strategies. If our judgments about the performance of asset classes or investments prove incorrect while a fund’s exposure to underperforming asset classes or investments is increased through the use of investment leverage, a relatively small market movement may result in significant losses to the fund.

</R>

Beta strategy

<R>

• Asset classes. Through the beta strategy, we invest without limit in many asset classes directly or through derivatives. These asset classes include equity and fixed-income (including high yield and mortgage- and asset-backed securities)

Prospectus  29 

 



securities of U.S. and foreign corporate and governmental issuers and currencies. We also allocate the funds’ assets to less traditional asset classes such as commodities, inflation-protected securities and real estate investment trusts. Allocations to these less traditional asset classes are intended to, in part, protect a fund’s portfolio from downturns in the equity and fixed-income markets and against inflation. However, we cannot assure you that any asset classes will perform as expected. If our assessment of the risk and return potential of asset classes is incorrect, a fund could significantly under-perform the markets in general, particular markets, or other funds that make similar investments.

</R>

• Asset allocation. Although we may adjust asset allocations at any time and without constraint, we expect generally to allocate the majority of the funds’ assets to investments in traditional asset classes. Our asset allocation is intended to reduce risk and volatility in the portfolios and to provide protection against a decline in the funds’ assets. However, we cannot assure you that our asset allocation judgments will achieve these objectives.

Within each asset class, we make specific investments on the basis of quantitative analysis, in addition to fundamental research and analysis. Even if our asset allocation decisions are successful, if the particular investments that we make within each asset class do not perform as we expect, the funds may fail to meet their objectives or may lose money.

<R>
</R>

Alpha strategy

The funds’ alpha strategy involves potentially using diverse active trading strategies, including “overlay” strategies, active security selection, tactical asset allocation, currency transactions and options transactions, to seek enhanced returns. There is no restriction on the type or number of strategies that we may employ in the alpha strategy.

Because the alpha strategy is designed to generate a return regardless of market direction, we can use it to generate a positive investment return even in broadly declining markets. Though the funds’ alpha strategy is intended to earn a positive total return even when the general market declines, the funds’ beta strategy is unlikely to earn a positive return in those circumstances. However, while we intend the strategies within the alpha strategy to be relatively uncorrelated with one another and with the performance of most asset classes to which the funds are exposed through the beta strategy, it is possible that the performance of various asset classes and strategies within the alpha strategy may be correlated under certain market conditions, which may negatively affect a fund’s performance. The alpha strategy may involve investment leverage. The alpha strategy may fail to make money in broadly declining markets, and may lose money even in broadly advancing markets.

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Description of risks — All funds

The Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds may invest in a wide variety of fixed income investments. They may also, on occasion, acquire equity securities. Through both the alpha and beta strategies, the Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds may make a wide variety of investments. A description of the risks associated with the funds’ investments follows.

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Fixed-income investments — All funds

• Interest rate risk. The values of bonds and other debt instruments usually rise and fall in response to changes in interest rates. Declining interest rates generally increase the value of existing debt instruments, and rising interest rates generally decrease the value of existing debt instruments. Changes in a debt instrument’s value usually will not affect the amount of interest income paid to a fund, but will affect the value of the fund’s shares. Interest rate risk is generally greater for investments with longer maturities.

Some investments give the issuer the option to call or redeem an investment before its maturity date. If an issuer calls or redeems an investment during a time of declining interest rates, we might have to reinvest the proceeds in an investment offering a lower yield, and therefore the fund might not benefit from any increase in value as a result of declining interest rates.

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Inflation-protected securities are debt instruments whose principal and/or interest are adjusted for inflation. A fund may invest in inflation-protected securities issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury, by non-U.S. governments, or by private issuers. Inflation-protected securities issued by the U.S. Treasury pay a fixed rate of interest that is applied to an inflation-adjusted principal amount. The principal amount is adjusted based on changes in the Consumer Price Index, a measure of inflation. The principal due at maturity is typically equal to the inflation-adjusted principal amount, or to the instrument’s original par value, whichever is greater. Because the principal amount would be adjusted downward during a period of deflation, each fund will be subject to deflation risk with respect to its investments in these securities. In addition, if a fund purchases inflation-adjusted debt instruments in the secondary market whose principal values have been adjusted upward due to inflation since issuance, the fund may experience a loss if there is a subsequent period of deflation.

• Credit risk. Investors normally expect to be compensated in proportion to the risk they are assuming. Thus, debt of issuers with poor credit prospects usually offers higher yields than debt of issuers with more secure credit. Higher-rated investments generally have lower credit risk.

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We may invest without limit in higher-yield, higher-risk debt investments that are below investment-grade (sometimes referred to as “junk bonds”), including investments in the lowest rating category of the rating agency, and in unrated investments that we believe are of comparable quality. However, we may invest no more than 15% of each fund’s total assets in debt investments rated below CCC or its equivalent, at the time of purchase, by each agency rating such investments. We will not necessarily sell an investment if its rating is reduced after we buy it.

Investments rated below BBB or its equivalent are below investment-grade and may be considered speculative. This rating reflects a greater possibility that the issuers may be unable to make timely payments of interest and principal and thus default. If this happens, or is perceived as likely to happen, the values of those investments will usually be more volatile and are likely to fall. A default or expected default could also make it difficult for us to sell the investments at prices approximating the values we had previously placed on them. Lower-rated debt usually has a more limited market than higher-rated debt, which may at times make it difficult for us to buy or sell certain debt instruments or to establish their fair value. Credit risk is generally greater for zero coupon bonds and other investments that are issued at less than their face value and that are required to make interest payments only at maturity rather than at intervals during the life of the investment.

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Credit ratings are based largely on the issuer’s historical financial condition and the rating agencies’ investment analysis at the time of rating. The rating assigned to any particular investment does not necessarily reflect the issuer’s current financial condition, and does not reflect an assessment of an investment’s volatility or liquidity. Although we consider credit ratings in making investment decisions, we perform our own investment analysis and do not rely only on ratings assigned by the rating agencies. Our success in achieving a fund’s investment objective may depend more on our own credit analysis when we buy lower quality bonds than when we buy higher quality bonds. We may have to participate in legal proceedings involving the issuer. This could increase a fund’s operating expenses and decrease its net asset value.

Although investment-grade investments generally have lower credit risk, they may share some of the risks of lower-rated investments.

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• Prepayment risk. Traditional debt investments typically pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity, when the entire principal amount is due. By contrast, payments on securitized debt instruments, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed investments, typically include both interest and partial payment of principal. Principal may also be prepaid voluntarily, or as a result of

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refinancing or foreclosure. We may have to invest the proceeds from prepaid investments in other investments with less attractive terms and yields. Compared to debt that cannot be prepaid, mortgage-backed investments are less likely to increase in value during periods of declining interest rates and have a higher risk of decline in value during periods of rising interest rates. These investments may increase the volatility of the funds. Some mortgage-backed investments receive only the interest portion or the principal portion of payments on the underlying mortgages. The yields and values of these investments are extremely sensitive to changes in interest rates and in the rate of principal payments on the underlying mortgages. The market for these investments may be volatile and limited, which may make them difficult to buy or sell. Asset-backed securities, which are subject to risks similar to those of mortgage-backed securities, are also structured like mortgage-backed securities, but instead of mortgage loans or interests in mortgage loans, the underlying assets may include such items as motor vehicle installment sales or installment loan contracts, leases of various types of real and personal property and receivables from credit card agreements.

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Equity investments — Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

• Common stocks. Common stock represents an ownership interest in a company. The value of a company’s stock may fall as a result of factors directly relating to that company, such as decisions made by its management or lower demand for the company’s products or services. A stock’s value may also fall because of factors affecting not just the company, but also other companies in the same industry or in a number of different industries, such as increases in production costs. From time to time, a fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in companies in one or more related industries or sectors, which would make the fund more vulnerable to adverse developments affecting those industries or sectors. The value of a company’s stock may also be affected by changes in financial markets that are relatively unrelated to the company or its industry, such as changes in interest rates or currency exchange rates. In addition, a company’s stock generally pays dividends only after the company invests in its own business and makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. For this reason, the value of a company’s stock will usually react more strongly than its bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects. Stocks of smaller companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies.

Growth stocks — Stocks of companies we believe are fast-growing may trade at a higher multiple of current earnings than other stocks. The values of these stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than the values of other stocks. If our assessment of the prospects for a company’s

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earnings growth is wrong, or if our judgment of how other investors will value the company’s earnings growth is wrong, then the price of the company’s stock may fall or may not approach the value that we have placed on it.

Value stocks — Companies whose stocks we believe are undervalued by the market may have experienced adverse business developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused their stocks to be out of favor. If our assessment of a company’s prospects is wrong, or if other investors do not similarly recognize the value of the company, then the price of the company’s stock may fall or may not approach the value that we have placed on it.

• Small and midsize companies. These companies, some of which may have a market capitalization of less than $1 billion, are more likely than larger companies to have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or to depend on a small, inexperienced management group. Stocks of these companies often trade less frequently and in limited volume, and their prices may fluctuate more than stocks of larger companies. Stocks of small and midsize companies may therefore be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies. Small companies in foreign countries could be relatively smaller than those in the United States. The funds may invest in small and midsize companies without limit.

Foreign investments — All funds

Foreign investments involve certain special risks, including:

– Unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates: Foreign investments are typically issued and traded in foreign currencies. As a result, their values may be affected by changes in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar.

– Political and economic developments: Foreign investments may be subject to the risks of seizure by a foreign government, direct or indirect impact of sovereign debt default, imposition of restrictions on the exchange or export of foreign currency, and tax increases.

– Unreliable or untimely information: There may be less information publicly available about a foreign company than about most publicly-traded U.S. companies, and foreign companies are usually not subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices as stringent as those in the United States.

– Limited legal recourse: Legal remedies for investors may be more limited than the remedies available in the United States.

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– Limited markets: Certain foreign investments may be less liquid (harder to buy and sell) and more volatile than most U.S. investments, which means we may at times be unable to sell these foreign investments at desirable prices. For the same reason, we may at times find it difficult to value the funds’ foreign investments.

– Trading practices: Brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher for foreign investments than for U.S. investments. The procedures and rules governing foreign transactions and custody may also involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.

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– Sovereign issuers: The willingness and ability of issuers to pay principal and interest on government securities depends on various economic factors, including the issuer’s balance of payments, overall debt level, and cash flow from tax or other revenues.

The risks of foreign investments are typically increased in less developed countries, which are sometimes referred to as emerging markets. Emerging markets countries may have less developed markets and legal and regulatory systems and may be susceptible to greater political and economic instability than developed markets. These countries are also more likely to experience high levels of inflation, deflation or currency devaluation, and investments in emerging markets countries may be more volatile and less liquid than U.S. investments. For these and other reasons, investments in emerging markets are often considered speculative.

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Certain of these risks may also apply to some extent to U.S.-traded investments that are denominated in foreign currencies, investments in U.S. companies that are traded in foreign markets or investments in U.S. companies that have significant foreign operations.

Derivatives — All funds

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We may engage in a variety of transactions involving derivatives, such as futures, options, warrants and swap contracts. As described above, investments in derivatives are an important component of the funds’ investment strategies. Derivatives are financial instruments whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying investments, pools of investments, indexes or currencies. We may make use of “short” derivatives positions, the values of which may move in the opposite direction from the price of the underlying investment, pool of investments, index or currency. The risk of loss from certain short derivatives positions is theoretically unlimited. We may use derivatives both for hedging and non-hedging purposes. For example, we may use derivatives to increase or decrease a fund’s exposure to long- or short-term interest

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rates (in the United States or abroad) or to a particular currency or group of currencies. We may also use derivatives as a substitute for a direct investment in the securities of one or more issuers. However, we may also choose not to use derivatives, based on our evaluation of market conditions or the availability of suitable derivatives. Investments in derivatives may be applied toward meeting a requirement to invest in a particular kind of investment if the derivatives have economic characteristics similar to that investment. A fund’s investment in derivatives may be limited by its intention to qualify as a regulated investment company.

Derivatives involve special risks and may result in losses. The successful use of derivatives depends on our ability to manage these sophisticated instruments. Some derivatives are “leveraged,” which means that they provide a fund with investment exposure greater than the value of the fund’s investment in the derivatives. As a result, these derivatives may magnify or otherwise increase investment losses to the funds. The prices of derivatives may move in unexpected ways due to the use of leverage or other factors, especially in unusual market conditions, and may result in increased volatility.

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Derivatives may create investment leverage, which involves risks. If our judgments about the performance of various asset classes or investments prove incorrect, and a fund’s exposure to underperforming asset classes or investments is increased through the use of leverage, a relatively small market movement may result in significant losses to the fund. In addition, the Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds may be unable to obtain their desired exposures to particular fixed-income strategies and sectors, and the Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds’ decision to pursue alpha and beta strategies separately may not be successful if we are unable to invest in appropriate derivatives or other instruments or if the derivatives and instruments do not perform as expected.

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Other risks arise from the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions. A liquid secondary market may not always exist for a fund’s derivatives positions at any time. In fact, many over-the-counter instruments (investments not traded on an exchange) will not be liquid. Over-the-counter instruments also involve the risk that the other party to the derivative transaction will not meet its obligations. For further information about the risks of derivatives, see Miscellaneous Investment, Investment Practices and Risks in the SAI.

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Other investments — Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

• Real estate investment trusts (REITs). A REIT pools investors’ funds for investment primarily in income-producing real estate properties or real estate-related loans (such as mortgages). The real estate properties in which REITs invest typically include properties such as office buildings, retail and industrial facilities, hotels, apartment buildings and healthcare facilities. We will invest in publicly-traded REITs listed on national securities exchanges. The yields available from investments in REITs depend on the amount of income and capital appreciation generated by the related properties. Investments in REITs are subject to the risks associated with direct ownership in real estate, including economic downturns that have an adverse effect on real estate markets.

• Commodity-linked notes. Commodity-linked notes are debt securities whose maturity values or interest rates are determined by reference to a single commodity or to all or a portion of a commodities index. Commodity-linked notes may be positively or negatively indexed, meaning their maturity value may be structured to increase or decrease as commodity values change. Investments in commodity-linked notes are subject to the risks associated with the overall commodities markets and other factors that affect the value of commodities, including weather, disease, political, tax and other regulatory developments. Commodity-linked notes may be more volatile and less liquid than the underlying measures, have substantial risk of loss with respect to both principal and interest and are subject to the credit risks associated with the issuer. A fund’s investment in commodity-linked notes may be limited by its intention to qualify as a regulated investment company.

Additional risks — All funds

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• Other investments. In addition to the main investment strategies described above, the funds may make other types of investments, such as investments in preferred stocks, convertible securities, bank loans and, for the Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds, common stocks. Each fund may also loan its portfolio securities to earn income. These practices may be subject to other risks, as described under Miscellaneous Investment, Investment Practices and Risks in the SAI.

• Alternative strategies. At times we may judge that market conditions make pursuing a fund’s usual investment strategies inconsistent with the best interests of its shareholders. We then may temporarily invest some or all of each fund’s assets using alternative strategies that are mainly designed to limit losses. However, we may choose not to use these strategies for a variety of reasons, even in very volatile market conditions. These strategies may cause a fund to miss out on investment opportunities, and may prevent a fund from achieving its goal.

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• Changes in policies. The Trustees may change a fund’s goal, investment strategies and other policies set forth in the prospectus without shareholder approval, except as otherwise provided.

• Portfolio turnover rate. A fund’s portfolio turnover rate measures how frequently the fund buys and sells investments. A portfolio turnover rate of 100%, for example, would mean that the fund sold and replaced securities valued at 100% of the fund’s assets within a one-year period. From time to time a fund may engage in frequent trading. Funds with high turnover may be more likely to realize capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as taxable income. High turnover may also cause a fund to pay more brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, which may detract from performance. A fund’s portfolio turnover rate and the amount of brokerage commissions it pays will vary over time based on market conditions.

• Portfolio holdings. The SAI includes a description of each fund’s policies with respect to the disclosure of its portfolio holdings. For more specific information on a fund’s portfolio, you may visit the Putnam Investments website, putnam.com/individual, where each fund’s top 10 holdings and related portfolio information may be viewed monthly beginning approximately 15 days after the end of each month and full portfolio holdings may be viewed beginning on the last business day of the month after the end of each calendar quarter. This information will remain available on the website until a fund files a Form N-CSR or N-Q with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the period that includes the date of the information, after which such information can be found on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

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Who oversees and manages the funds?

The funds’ Trustees

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As a shareholder of a mutual fund, you have certain rights and protections, including representation by a Board of Trustees. The Putnam Funds’ Board of Trustees oversees the general conduct of the funds’ business and represents the interests of the Putnam fund shareholders. At least 75% of the members of the Putnam Funds’ Board of Trustees are independent, which means they are not officers of the fund or affiliated with Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management).

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The Trustees periodically review each fund’s investment performance and the quality of other services such as administration, custody, and investor services. At least annually, the Trustees review the fees paid to Putnam Management and its affiliates for providing or overseeing these services,

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as well as the overall level of each fund’s operating expenses. In carrying out their responsibilities, the Trustees are assisted by an administrative staff, auditors and legal counsel that are selected by the Trustees and are independent of Putnam Management and its affiliates.

Contacting the funds’ Trustees
Address correspondence to:
The Putnam Funds Trustees
One Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02109

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The funds’ investment manager

The Trustees have retained Putnam Management, which has managed mutual funds since 1937, to be each fund’s investment manager, responsible for making investment decisions for each fund and managing each fund’s other affairs and business. The basis for the Trustees’ approval of each fund’s management contract and the sub-management and sub-advisory contracts described below is discussed in each fund’s annual report to shareholders dated October 31, 2011.

Each fund pays a monthly base management fee to Putnam Management. The fee is calculated by applying a rate to each fund’s average net assets for the month. The rate is based on the monthly average of the aggregate net assets of all open-end funds sponsored by Putnam Management (excluding fund assets that are invested in other Putnam funds). Each fund’s monthly base fee is increased or reduced by a performance adjustment. The amount of the performance adjustment is calculated monthly based on a performance adjustment rate that is equal to 0.04 multiplied by the difference between the fund’s annualized performance (measured by the fund’s class A shares) and the annualized performance of the BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index (GOBA) plus 100, 300, 500 and 700 basis points, respectively, for the Absolute Return 100, 300, 500 and 700 Funds, each measured over the performance period. The performance period is the thirty-six month period then ended or, if shorter, the period from the date the management contract became effective (December 23, 2008) to the end of the month for which the fee adjustment is being computed. The performance adjustment rate is multiplied by the fund’s average net assets over the performance period, divided by twelve, and added to, or subtracted from, the base fee for that month. The maximum annualized performance adjustment rates for Absolute Return 100, Absolute Return 300, Absolute Return 500 and Absolute Return 700 Funds are 0.04%, 0.12%, 0.20% and 0.28%, respectively.

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The funds paid Putnam Management management fees (after any applicable waivers or performance adjustments) for each fund’s last fiscal year at the following rates (reflected as a percentage of average net assets).

  Management fees 
 
Absolute Return 100 Fund  0.20% 
Absolute Return 300 Fund  0.43% 
Absolute Return 500 Fund  0.62% 
Absolute Return 700 Fund  0.82% 

 

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Putnam Management’s address is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109.

Putnam Management has retained its affiliate Putnam Investments Limited (PIL) to make investment decisions for such fund assets as may be designated from time to time for its management by Putnam Management. Putnam Management (and not the funds) will pay a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average aggregate net asset value of any fund assets managed by PIL. PIL, which provides a full range of international investment advisory services to institutional clients, is located at Cassini House, 57–59 St James’s Street, London, England, SW1A 1LD.

Putnam Management and PIL have retained their affiliate The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC) to make investment decisions for such fund assets as may be designated from time to time for its management by Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable. Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable (and not the funds), will pay a quarterly sub-advisory fee to PAC for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average aggregate net asset value of any fund assets managed by PAC. PAC, which provides financial services to institutions and individuals through separately-managed accounts and pooled investment vehicles, has its headquarters at One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109, with additional investment management personnel located in Singapore.

Pursuant to these arrangements, Putnam investment professionals who are based in foreign jurisdictions may serve as portfolio managers of the funds or provide other investment services, consistent with local regulations.

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• Portfolio managers. The officers of Putnam Management identified below are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of each fund’s portfolio.

Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds

Portfolio managers  Joined fund  Employer  Positions over past five years 
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D. William Kohli  2008  Putnam Management  Co-Head of Fixed Income 
    1994 – Present  Team Leader, Portfolio 
      Construction and Global 
      Strategies and Director of 
      Global Core Fixed Income Team 
 
Kevin Murphy  2008  Putnam Management  Portfolio Manager 
    1999 – Present  Team Leader, High Grade 
      Credit and Emerging 
      Markets Debt 
 
Michael Salm  2008  Putnam Management  Co-Head of Fixed Income 
    1997 – Present  Team Leader, Liquid Markets 
      and Mortgage Specialist 
Paul Scanlon  2008  Putnam Management  Co-Head of Fixed Income 
    1999 – Present  Team Leader, US High Yield 
 
Raman Srivastava  2008  Putnam Management  Portfolio Manager 
    1999 – Present  Previously, Team Leader of 
      Portfolio Construction 
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Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

 

Portfolio managers  Joined fund  Employer  Positions over past five years 
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Jeffrey Knight  2008  Putnam Management  Head of Global Asset 
    1993 – Present  Allocation 
      Previously, Deputy Head of 
      Investments and Chief 
      Investment Officer of Global 
      Asset Allocation 
 
James Fetch  2008  Putnam Management  Portfolio Manager 
    1994 – Present  Previously, Investment 
      Strategist and Analyst 
 
Robert Kea  2008  Putnam Management  Portfolio Manager 
    1989 – Present   
 
Joshua Kutin  2012  Putnam Management  Portfolio Manager 
    1998 – Present  Previously, Analyst 
 
Robert Schoen  2008  Putnam Management  Portfolio Manager 
    1997 – Present  Previously, Quantitative Analyst 
 
Jason Vaillancourt  2008  Putnam Management  Portfolio Manager 
    1999 – Present  Previously, Investment 
      Strategist and Analyst 
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The SAI provides information about these individuals’ compensation, other accounts managed by these individuals and these individuals’ ownership of securities in the funds.

 

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How does a fund price its shares?

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The price of a fund’s shares is based on its net asset value (NAV). The NAV per share of each class equals the total value of its assets, less its liabilities, divided by the number of its outstanding shares. Shares are only valued as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE each day the exchange is open.

Each fund values its investments for which market quotations are readily available at market value. It values short-term investments that will mature within 60 days at amortized cost, which approximates market value. It values all other investments and assets at their fair value, which may differ from recent market prices. For example, a fund may value a stock traded on a U.S. exchange at its fair value when the exchange closes early or trading in the stock is suspended. It may also value a stock at fair value if recent transactions in the stock have been very limited or if material information about the issuer becomes available after the close of the relevant market. Market quotations are not considered to be readily available for many debt securities. These securities are generally valued at fair value on the basis of valuations provided by an independent pricing service approved by the funds’ Trustees or dealers selected by Putnam Management. Pricing services and dealers determine valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using information with respect to transactions in the bond being valued, market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional traders, between securities. To the extent a pricing service or dealer is unable to value a security or provides a valuation which Putnam Management does not believe accurately reflects the security’s fair value, the security will be valued at fair value by Putnam Management.

Each fund translates prices for its investments quoted in foreign currencies into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates, which are generally determined as of 4:00 p.m. Eastern time each day the NYSE is open. As a result, changes in the value of those currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar may affect a fund’s NAV. Because foreign markets may be open at different times than the NYSE, the value of a fund’s shares may change on days when shareholders are not able to buy or sell them. Many securities markets and exchanges outside the U.S. close before the close of the NYSE and therefore the closing prices for securities in such markets or on such exchanges may not fully reflect events that occur after such close but before the close of the NYSE. As a result, the funds have adopted fair value pricing procedures, which, among other things, require it to assess the fair value of foreign equity securities if there has been a movement in the U.S. market that exceeds a specified threshold that may change from time to time. If events materially affecting the values of a fund’s foreign fixed-income investments occur between the close of foreign

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markets and the close of regular trading on the NYSE, these investments will also be valued at their fair value. As noted above, the value determined for an investment using a fund’s fair value pricing procedures may differ from recent market prices for the investment.

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How do I buy fund shares?

Opening an account

You can open a fund account and purchase class A, B, C, and M shares by contacting your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581 and obtaining a Putnam account application. The completed application, along with a check made payable to the fund, must then be returned to Putnam Investor Services at the following address:

Putnam Investor Services
P.O. Box 8383
Boston, MA 02266-8383

You can open a fund account with as little as $500. The minimum investment is waived if you make regular investments weekly, semi-monthly or monthly through automatic deductions from your bank checking or savings account. Although Putnam is currently waiving the minimum, it reserves the right to reject initial investments under the minimum at its discretion.

Each fund sells its shares at the offering price, which is the NAV plus any applicable sales charge (class A and class M shares only). Your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services generally must receive your completed buy order before the close of regular trading on the NYSE for your shares to be bought at that day’s offering price.

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If you participate in a retirement plan that offers a fund, please consult your employer for information on how to purchase shares of the fund through the plan, including any restrictions or limitations that may apply.

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Mutual funds must obtain and verify information that identifies investors opening new accounts. If a fund is unable to collect the required information, Putnam Investor Services may not be able to open your fund account. Investors must provide their full name, residential or business address, Social Security or tax identification number, and date of birth. Entities, such as trusts, estates, corporations and partnerships, must also provide other identifying information. Putnam Investor Services may share identifying information with third parties for the purpose of verification. If Putnam Investor Services cannot verify identifying information after opening your account, the fund reserves the right to close your account.

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Also, each fund may periodically close to new purchases of shares or refuse any order to buy shares if the fund determines that doing so would be in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

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Purchasing additional shares

Once you have an existing account, you can make additional investments at any time in any amount in the following ways:

• Through a financial representative. Your representative will be responsible for furnishing all necessary documents to Putnam Investor Services and may charge you for his or her services.

• Through Putnam’s Systematic Investing Program. You can make regular investments weekly, semi-monthly or monthly through automatic deductions from your bank checking or savings account.

• Via the Internet or phone. If you have an existing Putnam fund account and you have completed and returned an Electronic Investment Authorization Form, you can buy additional shares online at putnam.com or by calling Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581.

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• By mail. You may also request a book of investment stubs for your account. Complete an investment stub and write a check for the amount you wish to invest, payable to the appropriate fund. Return the check and investment stub to Putnam Investor Services.

• By wire transfer. You may buy fund shares by bank wire transfer of same-day funds. Please call Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581 for wiring instructions. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds by wire. The funds will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the funds’ designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you for wiring same-day funds. Although the funds’ designated bank does not currently charge you for receiving same-day funds, it reserves the right to charge for this service. You cannot buy shares for tax-qualified retirement plans by wire transfer.

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Which class of shares is best for me?

This prospectus offers you four classes of fund shares: A, B, C and M. Qualified employee-benefit plans may also choose class R shares, and certain investors described below may also choose class Y shares.

Each share class represents investments in the same portfolio of securities, but each class has its own sales charge and expense structure, allowing you and your financial representative to choose the class that best suits your investment needs. When you purchase shares of a fund, you must

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choose a share class. Deciding which share class best suits your situation depends on a number of factors that you should discuss with your financial representative, including:

How long you expect to hold your investment. Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds. Class B shares purchased prior to April 5, 2010 charge a contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) on redemptions that is phased out over the first four years. Class B shares purchased on or after April 5, 2010 charge a CDSC on redemptions that is phased out over the first two years. Class C shares charge a CDSC on redemptions in the first year.

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Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds. Class B shares charge a CDSC on redemptions that is phased out over the first six years; class C shares charge a CDSC on redemptions in the first year.

• How much you intend to invest. While investments of less than $500,000 can be made in any share class, Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds do not charge an initial sales charge for purchases of class A or class M shares of $500,000 or more, and Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds’ class A and class M shares offer sales charge discounts starting at $50,000.

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• Total expenses associated with each share class. As shown in the sections entitled Fund summaries — Fees and expenses, each share class offers a different combination of up-front and ongoing expenses. Generally, the lower the up-front sales charge, the greater the ongoing expenses.

Here is a summary of the differences among the classes of shares

Class A shares

• Initial sales charge of up to 1.00% for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and up to 5.75% for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

• No initial sales charges for investments of $500,000 or more for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and lower initial sales charges available for investments of $50,000 or more for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

• No deferred sales charge (except that a deferred sales charge of 1.00% may be imposed on certain redemptions of shares bought without an initial sales charge)

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• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class B, C or M shares because of lower 12b-1 fees

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Class B shares

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• Deferred sales charge of up to 3.00% if shares are sold within four years of purchase for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Fund shares purchased prior to April 5, 2010; up to 1.00% if shares are sold within two years of purchase for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Fund shares purchased on or after April 5, 2010; and up to 5.00% if shares are sold within six years of purchase for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A or M shares because of higher 12b-1 fees

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• Convert automatically to class A shares after eight years, thereby reducing the future 12b-1 fees

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• Orders for class B shares of one or more Putnam funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation for purchases of class A shares (as described below), is $100,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $100,000 or more should consider whether class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial representative.

Class C shares

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• Deferred sales charge of 1.00% if shares are sold within one year of purchase

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• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A, B or M shares for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and class A or M shares for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds because of higher 12b-1 fees

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• No conversion to class A shares, so future 12b-1 fees do not decline over time

• Orders for class C shares of one or more Putnam funds, other than class C shares sold to qualified employee-benefit plans, will be refused when the total value of the purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation for purchases of class A shares (as described below), is $500,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $500,000 or more should consider whether class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial representative.

Class M shares

• Initial sales charge of up to 0.75% for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and up to 3.50% for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

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• No initial sales charge for investments of $500,000 or more for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and lower initial sales charges available for investments of $50,000 or more for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

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• No deferred sales charge (except that a deferred sales charge of 0.30% for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and 0.65% for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds may be imposed on certain redemptions of shares bought without an initial sales charge)

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• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class B or C shares because of lower 12b-1 fees

• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A shares because of higher 12b-1 fees

• No conversion to class A shares, so future 12b-1 fees do not decline over time

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• Orders for class M shares of one or more Putnam funds, other than class M shares sold to qualified employee-benefit plans, will be refused when the total value of the purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation for purchases of class A shares (as described below), is $500,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $500,000 or more should consider whether class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial representative.

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Class R shares (available to qualified plans only)

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• No deferred sales charge

• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class C shares for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and class B,C or M shares for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds because of lower 12b-1 fees

• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A, B or M shares for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and class A shares for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds because of higher 12b-1 fees

• No conversion to class A shares, so future 12b-1 fees do not decline over time.

Class Y shares (available only to investors listed below)

The following investors may purchase class Y shares if approved by Putnam:

• qualified retirement plans that are clients of third-party administrators (including affiliates of Putnam) that have entered into agreements with Putnam and offer institutional share class pricing (no sales charge or 12b-1 fee);

• bank trust departments and trust companies that have entered into agreements with Putnam and offer institutional share class pricing to their clients;

• corporate IRAs administered by Putnam, if another retirement plan of the sponsor is eligible to purchase class Y shares;

• college savings plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment under Section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code;

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• other Putnam funds and Putnam investment products;

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• investors purchasing shares through an asset-based fee program that regularly offers institutional share classes and that is sponsored by a registered broker-dealer or other financial institution that has entered into an agreement with Putnam;

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• clients of a financial representative who are charged a fee for consulting or similar services;

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• corporations, endowments, and foundations that have entered into an arrangement with Putnam; and

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• fee-paying clients of a registered investment advisor (RIA) who initially invests for clients an aggregate of at least $100,000 in Putnam funds through a fund “supermarket” or other mutual fund trading platform sponsored by a broker-dealer or trust company of which the RIA is not an affiliated or associated person and which has entered into an agreement with Putnam.

Trust companies or bank trust departments that purchased class Y shares for trust accounts may transfer them to the beneficiaries of the trust accounts, who may continue to hold them or exchange them for class Y shares of other Putnam funds. Defined contribution plans (including corporate IRAs) that purchased class Y shares under prior eligibility criteria may continue to purchase class Y shares.

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• No deferred sales charge

• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class A, B, C, M or R shares because of no 12b-1 fees.

Initial sales charges for class A and M shares

Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds

  Class A sales charge as    Class M sales charge as   
  a percentage of*:    a percentage of*:   
 
Amount of purchase at offering  Net amount  Offering  Net amount  Offering 
price ($)  invested  price**  invested  price** 
 
Under 500,000  1.01%  1.00%  0.76%  0.75% 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  NONE  NONE 

 

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Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

  Class A sales charge as    Class M sales charge as   
  a percentage of*:    a percentage of*:   
 
Amount of purchase at offering  Net amount  Offering  Net amount  Offering 
price ($)  invested  price**  invested  price** 
 
Under 50,000  6.10%  5.75%  3.63%  3.50% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.71  4.50  2.56  2.50 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.63  3.50  1.52  1.50 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.56  2.50  1.01  1.00 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  NONE  NONE 

 

* Because of rounding in the calculation of offering price and the number of shares purchased, actual sales charges you pay may be more or less than these percentages.

** Offering price includes sales charge.

Reducing your class A or class M sales charge

Each fund offers two principal ways for you to qualify for discounts on initial sales charges on class A and class M shares, often referred to as “breakpoint discounts”:

• Right of accumulation. You can add the amount of your current purchases of class A or class M shares of a fund and other Putnam funds to the value of your existing accounts in the fund and other Putnam funds. Individuals can also include purchases by, and accounts owned by, their spouse and minor children, including accounts established through different financial representatives. For your current purchases, you will pay the initial sales charge applicable to the total value of the linked accounts and purchases, which may be lower than the sales charge otherwise applicable to each of your current purchases. Shares of Putnam money market funds, other than money market fund shares acquired by exchange from other Putnam funds, are not included for purposes of the right of accumulation.

To calculate the total value of your existing accounts and any linked accounts, the fund will use the higher of (a) the current maximum public offering price of those shares or (b) if you purchased the shares after December 31, 2007, the initial value of the total purchases, or, if you held the shares on December 31, 2007, the market value at maximum public offering price on that date, in either case, less the market value on the applicable redemption date of any of those shares that you have redeemed.

• Statement of intention. A statement of intention is a document in which you agree to make purchases of class A or class M shares in a specified amount within a period of 13 months. For each purchase you make under the statement of intention, you will pay the initial sales charge applicable to the total amount you have agreed to purchase. While a statement of intention

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is not a binding obligation on you, if you do not purchase the full amount of shares within 13 months, the fund will redeem shares from your account in an amount equal to the difference between the higher initial sales charge you would have paid in the absence of the statement of intention and the initial sales charge you actually paid.

Account types that may be linked with each other to obtain breakpoint discounts using the methods described above include:

• Individual accounts

• Joint accounts

• Accounts established as part of a retirement plan and IRA accounts (some restrictions may apply)

• Shares of Putnam funds owned through accounts in the name of your dealer or other financial intermediary (with documentation identifying beneficial ownership of shares)

• Accounts held as part of a Section 529 college savings plan managed by Putnam Management (some restrictions may apply)

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In order to obtain a breakpoint discount, you should inform your financial representative at the time you purchase shares of the existence of other accounts or purchases that are eligible to be linked for the purpose of calculating the initial sales charge. A fund or your financial representative may ask you for records or other information about other shares held in your accounts and linked accounts, including accounts opened with a different financial representative. Restrictions may apply to certain accounts and transactions. Further details about breakpoint discounts can be found on Putnam Investments’ website at putnam.com/individual by selecting Investment Choices, then Mutual Funds, and then Pricing policies, and in the SAI.

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• Additional reductions and waivers of sales charges. In addition to the breakpoint discount methods described above, sales charges may be reduced or waived under certain circumstances and for certain categories of investors. For instance, an employer-sponsored retirement plan is eligible to purchase class A shares without sales charges if its plan administrator or dealer of record has entered into an agreement with Putnam Retail Management. Information about reductions and waivers of sales charges, including deferred sales charges, is included in the SAI. You may consult your financial representative or Putnam Retail Management for assistance.

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How do I sell or exchange fund shares?

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You can sell your shares back to the appropriate fund or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund any day the NYSE is open, either through your financial representative or directly to the fund. If you redeem your shares shortly after purchasing them, your redemption payment for the shares may be delayed until the fund collects the purchase price of the shares, which may be up to 10 calendar days after the purchase date.

Regarding exchanges, not all Putnam funds offer all classes of shares or may be open to new investors. If you exchange shares otherwise subject to a deferred sales charge, the transaction will not be subject to the deferred sales charge. When you redeem the shares acquired through the exchange, however, the redemption may be subject to the deferred sales charge, depending upon when and from which fund you originally purchased the shares. The deferred sales charge will be computed using the schedule of any fund into or from which you have exchanged your shares that would result in your paying the highest deferred sales charge applicable to your class of shares. Class B shares of most other Putnam funds have a higher deferred sales charge than Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds. For purposes of computing the deferred sales charge, the length of time you have owned your shares will be measured from the date of original purchase, unless you originally purchased the shares from another Putnam fund that does not directly charge a deferred sales charge, in which case the length of time you have owned your shares will be measured from the date you exchange those shares for shares of another Putnam fund that does charge a deferred sales charge, and will not be affected by any subsequent exchanges among funds.

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• Selling or exchanging shares through your financial representative. Your representative must receive your request in proper form before the close of regular trading on the NYSE for you to receive that day’s NAV, less any applicable deferred sales charge. Your representative will be responsible for furnishing all necessary documents to Putnam Investor Services on a timely basis and may charge you for his or her services.

• Selling or exchanging shares directly with the funds. Putnam Investor Services must receive your request in proper form before the close of regular trading on the NYSE in order to receive that day’s NAV, less any applicable deferred sales charge.

• By mail. Send a letter of instruction signed by all registered owners or their legal representatives to Putnam Investor Services. If you have certificates for the shares you want to sell or exchange, you must return them unendorsed with your letter of instruction.

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• By telephone. You may use Putnam’s telephone redemption privilege to redeem shares valued at less than $100,000 unless you have notified Putnam Investor Services of an address change within the preceding 15 days, in which case other requirements may apply. Unless you indicate otherwise on the account application, Putnam Investor Services will be authorized to accept redemption instructions received by telephone. A telephone exchange privilege is currently available for amounts up to $500,000. Sale or exchange of shares by telephone is not permitted if there are certificates for your shares. The telephone redemption and exchange privileges may be modified or terminated without notice.

• Via the Internet. You may also exchange shares via the Internet at putnam.com/individual.

• Shares held through your employer’s retirement plan. For information on how to sell or exchange shares of a fund that were purchased through your employer’s retirement plan, including any restrictions and charges that the plan may impose, please consult your employer.

• Additional requirements. In certain situations, for example, if you sell shares with a value of $100,000 or more, the signatures of all registered owners or their legal representatives must be guaranteed by a bank, broker-dealer or certain other financial institutions. In addition, Putnam Investor Services usually requires additional documents for the sale of shares by a corporation, partnership, agent or fiduciary, or surviving joint owner. For more information concerning Putnam’s signature guarantee and documentation requirements, contact Putnam Investor Services.

Each fund also reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege, limit the amount or number of exchanges or reject any exchange. The fund into which you would like to exchange may also reject your exchange. These actions may apply to all shareholders or only to those shareholders whose exchanges Putnam Management determines are likely to have a negative effect on the fund or other Putnam funds. Consult Putnam Investor Services before requesting an exchange. Ask your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services for prospectuses of other Putnam funds. Some Putnam funds are not available in all states.

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Deferred sales charges for class B, class C and certain class A and class M shares

Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds
(for shares purchased on or after April 5, 2010)

If you sell (redeem) class B shares within two years of purchase, you will generally pay a deferred sales charge according to the following schedule:

Year after purchase  1  2  3+ 
 
Charge  1%  0.50%  0% 

 

Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds
(for shares purchased prior to April 5, 2010)

If you sell (redeem) class B shares within four years of purchase, you will generally pay a deferred sales charge according to the following schedule:

Year after purchase  1  2  3  4  5+ 
 
Charge  3%  3%  2%  1%  0% 

 

Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

If you sell (redeem) class B shares within six years of purchase, you will generally pay a deferred sales charge according to the following schedule:

Year after purchase  1  2  3  4  5  6  7+ 
 
Charge  5%  4%  3%  3%  2%  1%  0% 

 

All funds

 
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A deferred sales charge of 1.00% will apply to class C shares if redeemed within one year of purchase. Unless otherwise agreed with Putnam Retail Management, class A shares that are part of a purchase of $500,000 or more (other than by a qualified retirement plan) will be subject to a 1.00% deferred sales charge if redeemed within nine months of purchase. A deferred sales charge of 0.30% in the case of Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and 0.65% in the case of Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds may apply to class M shares purchased without a sales charge for certain rollover IRA accounts if redeemed within one year of purchase.

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Deferred sales charges will be based on the lower of the shares’ cost and current NAV. Shares not subject to any charge will be redeemed first, followed by shares held longest. You may sell shares acquired by reinvestment of distributions without a charge at any time.

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• Payment information. A fund generally sends you payment for your shares the business day after your request is received. Under unusual circumstances, the fund may suspend redemptions, or postpone payment for more than seven days, as permitted by federal securities law. You will not receive interest on uncashed redemption checks. Redemption proceeds may be paid in securities or other property rather than in cash if Putnam determines it is in the best interest of the fund.

• Redemption by a fund. If you own fewer shares of a fund than the minimum set by the Trustees (presently 20 shares), the fund may redeem your shares without your permission and send you the proceeds after providing you with at least 60 days’ notice to attain the minimum. To the extent permitted by applicable law, each fund may also redeem shares if you own more than a maximum amount set by the Trustees. There is presently no maximum, but the Trustees could set a maximum that would apply to both present and future shareholders.

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Policy on excessive short-term trading

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• Risks of excessive short-term trading. Excessive short-term trading activity may reduce each fund’s performance and harm all fund shareholders by interfering with portfolio management, increasing each fund’s expenses and diluting each fund’s NAV. Depending on the size and frequency of short-term trades in each fund’s shares, the fund may experience increased cash volatility, which could require the fund to maintain undesirably large cash positions or buy or sell portfolio securities it would not have bought or sold otherwise. The need to execute additional portfolio transactions due to these cash flows may also increase each fund’s brokerage and administrative costs and, for investors in taxable accounts, may increase the taxable distributions received from the fund.

Because each fund invests in foreign securities, its performance may be adversely impacted and the interests of longer-term shareholders may be diluted as a result of time-zone arbitrage, a short-term trading practice that seeks to exploit changes in the value of each fund’s investments that result from events occurring after the close of the foreign markets on which the investments trade, but prior to the later close of trading on the NYSE, the time as of which each fund determines its NAV. If an arbitrageur is successful, he or she may dilute the interests of other shareholders by trading shares at prices that do not fully reflect their fair value.

Because each fund invests in securities that may trade infrequently or may be more difficult to value, such as lower-rated bonds and securities of smaller companies, it may be susceptible to trading by short-term traders who seek to exploit perceived price inefficiencies in the fund’s investments. In addition,

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the market for these securities may at times show “market momentum,” in which positive or negative performance may continue from one day to the next for reasons unrelated to the fundamentals of the issuer. Short-term traders may seek to capture this momentum by trading frequently in the fund’s shares, which will reduce the fund’s performance and may dilute the interests of other shareholders. Because lower-rated debt and securities of smaller companies may be less liquid than higher-rated debt or securities of larger companies, respectively, a fund may also be unable to buy or sell these securities at desirable prices when the need arises (for example, in response to volatile cash flows caused by short-term trading). Similar risks may apply if a fund holds other types of less liquid securities.

• Fund policies. In order to protect the interests of long-term shareholders of each fund, Putnam Management and each fund’s Trustees have adopted policies and procedures intended to discourage excessive short-term trading. Each fund seeks to discourage excessive short-term trading by using fair value pricing procedures to value investments under some circumstances. In addition, Putnam Management monitors activity in those shareholder accounts about which it possesses the necessary information in order to detect excessive short-term trading patterns and takes steps to deter excessive short-term traders.

• Account monitoring. Putnam Management’s Compliance Department currently uses multiple reporting tools to monitor activity in retail customer accounts for which Putnam Investor Services maintains records. This review is based on each fund’s internal parameters for detecting excessive short-term trading, which consider the number of “round trip” transactions above a specified dollar amount within a specified period of time. These parameters may change from time to time. If a monitored account engages in short-term trading that Putnam Management or each fund considers to be excessive or inappropriate, Putnam Management will issue the investor and his or her financial intermediary, if any, a written warning. Continued excessive short-term trading activity by an investor or intermediary that has received a warning may lead to the termination of the exchange privilege. Each fund also reserves the right to terminate the exchange privilege without a warning. In addition, Putnam Management will also communicate instances of excessive short-term trading to the compliance staff of an investor’s broker, if one is identified.

• Account restrictions. In addition to enforcing these exchange parameters, Putnam Management and each fund reserve the right to reject or restrict purchases or exchanges for any reason. Putnam Management or a fund may determine that an investor’s trading activity is excessive or otherwise potentially harmful based on various factors, including an investor’s or

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financial intermediary’s trading history in each fund, other Putnam funds or other investment products, and may aggregate activity in multiple accounts under common ownership or control. If a fund identifies an investor or intermediary as a potential excessive trader, it may, among other things, require further trades to be submitted by mail rather than by phone or over the Internet, impose limitations on the amount, number, or frequency of future purchases or exchanges, or temporarily or permanently bar the investor or intermediary from investing in each fund or other Putnam funds. Each of the funds may take these steps in its discretion even if the investor’s activity may not have been detected by the fund’s current monitoring parameters.

• Limitations on each fund’s policies. There is no guarantee that each fund will be able to detect excessive short-term trading in all accounts. For example, Putnam Management currently does not have access to sufficient information to identify each investor’s trading history, and in certain circumstances there are operational or technological constraints on its ability to enforce a fund’s policies. In addition, even when Putnam Management has sufficient information, its detection methods may not capture all excessive short-term trading.

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In particular, many purchase, redemption and exchange orders are received from financial intermediaries that hold omnibus accounts with each fund. Omnibus accounts, in which shares are held in the name of an intermediary on behalf of multiple beneficial owners, are a common form of holding shares among retirement plans and financial intermediaries such as brokers, advisers and third-party administrators. Each fund is generally not able to identify trading by a particular beneficial owner within an omnibus account, which makes it difficult or impossible to determine if a particular shareholder is engaging in excessive short-term trading. Putnam Management monitors aggregate cash flows in omnibus accounts on an ongoing basis. If high cash flows or other information indicate that excessive short-term trading may be taking place, Putnam Management will contact the financial intermediary, plan sponsor or recordkeeper that maintains accounts for the beneficial owner and attempt to identify and remedy any excessive trading. However, each fund’s ability to monitor and deter excessive short-term traders in omnibus accounts ultimately depends on the capabilities and cooperation of these third-party financial firms. A financial intermediary or plan sponsor may impose different or additional limits on short-term trading.

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Distribution plans and payments to dealers

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Putnam funds are distributed primarily through dealers (including any broker, dealer, bank, bank trust department, registered investment advisor, financial planner, retirement plan administrator, and any other institution having a selling, services, or any similar agreement with Putnam Retail Management or one of its affiliates). In order to pay for the marketing of fund shares and services provided to shareholders, each fund has adopted distribution and service (12b-1) plans, which increase the annual operating expenses you pay each year in certain share classes, as shown in the table of annual fund operating expenses in the section Fund summaries — Fees and expenses. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates also make additional payments to dealers that do not increase your fund expenses, as described below.

• Distribution and service (12b-1) plans. Each fund’s 12b-1 plans provide for payments at annual rates (based on average net assets) of up to 0.35% on class A shares and 1.00% on class B, class C, class M and class R shares. The Trustees currently limit payments on class A, class B, class M and class R shares of Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds to 0.25%, 0.45%, 0.30% and 0.50% of average net assets, respectively. The Trustees currently limit payments on class A, class M and class R shares of Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds to 0.25%, 0.75% and 0.50% of average net assets, respectively. Because these fees are paid out of a fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, they will increase the cost of your investment. The higher fees for class B, class C, class M and class R shares may cost you more over time than paying the initial sales charge for class A shares. Because class C, class M and class R shares, unlike class B shares, do not convert to class A shares, class C, class M and class R shares may cost you more over time than class B shares. Class Y shares, for shareholders who are eligible to purchase them, will be less expensive than other classes of shares because they do not bear sales charges or 12b-1 fees.

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• Payments to dealers. If you purchase your shares through a dealer, your dealer generally receives payments from Putnam Retail Management representing some or all of the sales charges and distribution and service (12b-1) fees, if any, shown in the tables under the heading Fund summaries — Fees and expenses at the front of this prospectus.

Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates also pay additional compensation to selected dealers in recognition of their marketing support and/or program servicing (each of which is described in more detail below). These payments may create an incentive for a dealer firm or its representatives to recommend or offer shares of the funds or other Putnam

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funds to its customers. These additional payments are made by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and do not increase the amount paid by you or a fund as shown under the heading Fund summaries — Fees and expenses.

The additional payments to dealers by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates are generally based on one or more of the following factors: average net assets of a fund attributable to that dealer, sales or net sales of a fund attributable to that dealer, or reimbursement of ticket charges (fees that a dealer firm charges its representatives for effecting transactions in fund shares), or on the basis of a negotiated lump sum payment for services provided.

Marketing support payments are generally available to most dealers engaging in significant sales of Putnam fund shares. These payments are individually negotiated with each dealer firm, taking into account the marketing support services provided by the dealer, including business planning assistance, educating dealer personnel about the Putnam funds and shareholder financial planning needs, placement on the dealer’s preferred or recommended fund company list, and access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the dealer, as well as the size of the dealer’s relationship with Putnam Retail Management. Although the total amount of marketing support payments made to dealers in any year may vary, on average, the aggregate payments are not expected, on an annual basis, to exceed 0.085% of the average net assets of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to the dealers.

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Program servicing payments, which are paid in some instances to dealers in connection with investments in a fund by retirement plans and other investment programs, are not expected, with certain limited exceptions, to exceed 0.20% of the total assets in the program on an annual basis. These payments are made for program services provided by the dealer, including participant recordkeeping, reporting, or transaction processing, as well as services rendered in connection with fund/investment selection and monitoring, employee enrollment and education, plan balance rollover or separation, or other similar services.

You can find a list of all dealers to which Putnam made marketing support and/or program servicing payments in 2011 in the SAI, which is on file with the SEC and is also available on Putnam’s website at putnam.com. You can also find other details in the SAI about the payments made by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and the services provided by your dealer. Your dealer may charge you fees or commissions in addition to those disclosed in this prospectus. You can also ask your dealer about any payments it receives

58  Prospectus 

 



from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and any services your dealer provides, as well as about fees and/or commissions it charges.

• Other payments. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates may make other payments (including payments in connection with educational seminars or conferences) or allow other promotional incentives to dealers to the extent permitted by SEC and NASD (as adopted by FINRA) rules and by other applicable laws and regulations. The funds’ transfer agent may also make payments to certain dealers in recognition of subaccounting or other services they provide to shareholders or plan participants who invest in a fund or other Putnam funds through their retirement plan. See the discussion in the SAI under the heading Management — Investor Servicing Agent for more details.

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Fund distributions and taxes

Each fund normally distributes any net investment income and any net realized capital gains annually. You may choose to reinvest distributions from net investment income, capital gains or both in additional shares of each respective fund or other Putnam funds, or you may receive them in cash in the form of a check or an electronic deposit to your bank account. If you do not select an option when you open your account, all distributions will be reinvested. If you choose to receive distributions in cash, but correspondence from a fund or Putnam Investor Services is returned as “undeliverable,” the distribution option on your account may be converted to reinvest future distributions in the fund. You will not receive interest on uncashed distribution checks.

For shares purchased through your employer’s retirement plan, the terms of the plan will govern how the plan may receive distributions from a fund.

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For federal income tax purposes, distributions of net investment income are generally taxable to you as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a fund owned (or is deemed to have owned) the investments that generated them, rather than by how long you have owned (or are deemed to have owned) your shares. Distributions that the funds properly report to you as gains from investments that the funds owned for more than one year are generally taxable to you as long-term capital gains. Distributions of gains from investments that the funds owned for one year or less and gains on the sale or paydown of bonds characterized as market discount are generally taxable to you as ordinary income. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, distributions that the funds properly report to you as “qualified dividend income” are taxable at the rate applicable to long-term capital gains provided that both you and the fund meet certain

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holding period and other requirements. Distributions are taxable in the manner described in this paragraph whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares of this fund or other Putnam funds.

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Distributions by a fund to retirement plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment under federal income tax laws will not be taxable. Special tax rules apply to investments through such plans. You should consult your tax advisor to determine the suitability of a fund as an investment through such a plan and the tax treatment of distributions (including distributions of amounts attributable to an investment in a fund) from such a plan.

Unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged retirement account (such as an IRA), you should consider avoiding a purchase of fund shares shortly before a fund makes a distribution because doing so may cost you money in taxes. Distributions are taxable to you even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the funds before your investment (and thus were included in the price you paid). Contact your financial representative or Putnam to find out the distribution schedule for your fund.

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A fund’s investments in certain debt obligations may cause the fund to recognize taxable income in excess of the cash generated by such obligations. Thus, a fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy its distribution requirements.

</R>

A fund’s investments in foreign securities, if any, may be subject to foreign withholding taxes. In that case, a fund’s return on those investments would be decreased. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to these foreign taxes. In addition, a fund’s investment in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of a fund’s distributions.

A fund’s investments in derivative financial instruments, including investments by which a fund seeks exposure to assets other than securities, are subject to numerous special and complex tax rules. Moreover, each fund’s intention to qualify as a “regulated investment company” and receive favorable treatment under the federal income tax rules may limit its ability to invest in such instruments. The applicable tax rules could affect whether gains and losses recognized by a fund are treated as ordinary or capital, accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the fund and defer or possibly prevent the recognition or use of certain losses by the fund. The rules could, in turn, affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to shareholders by a fund. In addition, because the application of these rules may be uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future

60  Prospectus 

 



Internal Revenue Service guidance with respect to these rules may affect whether a fund has made sufficient distributions and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid a fund-level tax.

Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange of your shares generally also will be subject to tax.

The above is a general summary of the tax implications of investing in a fund. Please refer to the SAI for further details. You should consult your tax advisor for more information on your own tax situation, including possible foreign, state and local taxes.

Financial highlights

<R>

The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand each fund’s recent financial performance. Certain information reflects financial results for a single fund share. The total returns represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. This information has been derived from each fund’s financial statements, which have been audited by KMPG LLP for Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds and by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds. Their reports and each fund’s financial statements are included in each fund’s annual report to shareholders, which is available upon request.

</R>
 
Prospectus  61 

 



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund

<R>
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio of  Ratio of net   
  Net asset    Net realized      From          Net assets,  expenses  investment   
  value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized      Net asset  Total return  end of  to average  income (loss)   
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss) on  investment  net investment  gain on  Total  Redemption  value, end  at net asset  period (in  net assets  to average  Portfolio 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  investments  operations  income  investments  distributions  fees  of period  value (%) b  thousands)  (%) c  net assets (%)  turnover (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.44  .23  (.30)  (.07)  (.13)  (.09)  (.22)    $10.15  (.79)  $249,746  .67 d  2.27 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.32  .20  (.05)  .15  (.03)  e  (.03)  e  10.44  1.50  169,380  1.01  1.92  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .16  .16  .32  e    e  e  10.32  3.22 *  57,719  1.03 *d  1.51 *d  44 * 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.39  .22  (.32)  (.10)  (.09)  (.09)  (.18)    $10.11  (1.03)  $3,070  .87 d  2.10 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.27  .16  (.04)  .12    e  e  e  10.39  1.18  3,070  1.35  1.58  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .11  .16  .27  e    e  e  10.27  2.71 *  1,931  1.54 *d  1.03 *d  44 * 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.33  .16  (.31)  (.15)  (.06)  (.09)  (.15)    $10.03  (1.56)  $62,600  1.42 d  1.58 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.26  .12  (.04)  .08  (.01)  e  (.01)  e  10.33  .78  68,078  1.76  1.17  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .11  .15  .26  e    e  e  10.26  2.61 *  20,426  1.67 *d  1.04 *d  44 * 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.42  .23  (.31)  (.08)  (.12)  (.09)  (.21)    $10.13  (.81)  $3,576  .72 d  2.22 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.31  .19  (.05)  .14  (.03)  e  (.03)  e  10.42  1.38  2,691  1.08  1.87  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .15  .16  .31  e    e  e  10.31  3.12 *  850  1.16 *d  1.47 *d  44 * 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.39  .21  (.31)  (.10)  (.11)  (.09)  (.20)    $10.09  (1.00)  $317  .92 d  2.06 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.30  .18  (.06)  .12  (.03)  e  (.03)  e  10.39  1.20  302  1.26  1.71  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .11  .19  .30  e    e  e  10.30  3.02 *  14  1.24 *d  1.10 *d  44 * 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.48  .26  (.31)  (.05)  (.14)  (.09)  (.23)    $10.20  (.51)  $80,840  .42 d  2.55 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.34  .23  (.05)  .18  (.04)  e  (.04)  e  10.48  1.78  72,970  .76  2.17  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .20  .14  .34  e    e  e  10.34  3.42 *  53,840  .81 *d  1.87 *d  44 * 

</R>

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements.

<R>

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts:

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.29% 

October 31, 2009  0.44 

</R>

 

e Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

 
<R>
 
f Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.
 
</R>
 
62  Prospectus  Prospectus  63 

 



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund

<R>
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio of  Ratio of net   
  Net asset    Net realized      From          Net assets,  expenses  investment   
  value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized      Net asset  Total return  end of  to average  income (loss)   
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss) on  investment  net investment  gain on  Total  Redemption  value, end  at net asset  period (in  net assets  to average  Portfolio 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  investments  operations  income  investments  distributions  fees  of period  value (%) b  thousands)  (%) c  net assets (%)  turnover (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.92  .38  (.56)  (.18)  (.32)  (.04)  (.36)    $10.38  (1.72)  $830,296  .87 d  3.55 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.65  .45  (.08)  .37  (.10)    (.10)  f  10.92  3.53  498,715  1.09  4.18  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .32  .33  .65  f    f  f  10.65  6.52 *  107,098  1.11 *d  3.02 *d  39 * 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.86  .37  (.58)  (.21)  (.29)  (.04)  (.33)    $10.32  (2.03)  $16,066  1.07 d  3.48 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.60  .41  (.08)  .33  (.07)    (.07)  f  10.86  3.17  14,957  1.41  3.81  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .26  .34  .60  f    f  f  10.60  6.01 *  6,056  1.63 *d  2.49 *d  39 * 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.80  .30  (.57)  (.27)  (.25)  (.04)  (.29)    $10.24  (2.53)  $291,442  1.62 d  2.86 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.59  .37  (.08)  .29  (.08)    (.08)  f  10.80  2.76  220,223  1.84  3.40  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .28  .31  .59  f    f  f  10.59  5.91 *  58,151  1.76 *d  2.66 *d  39 * 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.90  .38  (.57)  (.19)  (.32)  (.04)  (.36)    $10.35  (1.85)  $17,639  .92 d  3.56 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.63  .45  (.08)  .37  (.10)    (.10)  f  10.90  3.51  13,405  1.16  4.12  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .29  .34  .63  f    f  f  10.63  6.32 *  1,926  1.24 *d  2.74 *d  39 * 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.89  .36  (.57)  (.21)  (.30)  (.04)  (.34)    $10.34  (1.98)  $801  1.12 d  3.35 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.62  .43  (.08)  .35  (.08)    (.08)  f  10.89  3.28  553  1.34  3.95  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .30  .32  .62  f    f  f  10.62  6.22 *  88  1.33 *d  2.87 *d  39 * 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.96  .41  (.56)  (.15)  (.34)  (.04)  (.38)    $10.43  (1.47)  $367,131  .62 d  3.82 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.67  .48  (.08)  .40  (.11)    (.11)  f  10.96  3.81  248,102  .84  4.41  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .39  .28  .67  f    f  f  10.67  6.72 *  75,335  .90 *d  3.67 *d  39 * 

</R>

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements.

<R>

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts:

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.18% 

October 31, 2009  0.15 

 

e Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.

f Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

</R>

64  Prospectus  Prospectus  65 

 



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund

<R>
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio of  Ratio of net   
  Net asset    Net realized      From          Net assets,  expenses  investment   
  value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized      Net asset  Total return  end of  to average  income (loss)   
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss) on  investment  net investment  gain on  Total  Redemption  value, end  at net asset  period (in  net assets  to average  Portfolio 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  investments  operations  income  investments  distributions  fees  of period  value (%) b  thousands)  (%) c,d  net assets (%) d   turnover (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.93  .29  (.05)  .24  (.23)  (.05)  (.28)    $10.89  2.21  $411,424  1.16  2.68  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.78  .30  .04  .34  (.11)  (.08)  (.19)  e  10.93  3.19  325,723  1.47  2.73  240 f 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .21  .57  .78        e  10.78  7.80 *  115,989  1.28 *  1.96 *  63 * 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.81  .21  (.05)  .16  (.17)  (.05)  (.22)    $10.75  1.44  $33,914  1.91  1.94  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.71  .21  .05  .26  (.08)  (.08)  (.16)  e  10.81  2.37  27,263  2.22  1.97  240 f 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .16  .55  .71        e  10.71  7.10 *  12,283  1.92 *  1.48 *  63 * 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.80  .21  (.05)  .16  (.17)  (.05)  (.22)    $10.74  1.45  $184,129  1.91  1.91  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.72  .21  .04  .25  (.09)  (.08)  (.17)  e  10.80  2.30  136,725  2.22  1.98  240 f 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .17  .55  .72        e  10.72  7.20 *  42,453  1.92 *  1.59 *  63 * 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.84  .24  (.05)  .19  (.18)  (.05)  (.23)    $10.80  1.75  $7,650  1.66  2.18  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.73  .24  .05  .29  (.10)  (.08)  (.18)  e  10.84  2.69  6,270  1.97  2.22  240 f 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .20  .53  .73        e  10.73  7.30 *  2,164  1.71 *  1.83 *  63 * 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.88  .26  (.05)  .21  (.21)  (.05)  (.26)    $10.83  1.95  $1,432  1.41  2.41  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.76  .27  .04  .31  (.11)  (.08)  (.19)  e  10.88  2.91  979  1.72  2.47  240 f 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .22  .54  .76        e  10.76  7.60 *  239  1.49 *  2.01 *  63 * 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.97  .32  (.05)  .27  (.25)  (.05)  (.30)    $10.94  2.49  $189,594  .91  2.93  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.81  .32  .05  .37  (.13)  (.08)  (.21)  e  10.97  3.40  152,292  1.22  2.97  240 f 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .27  .54  .81        e  10.81  8.10 *  67,250  1.06 *  2.45 *  63 * 

</R>

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

<R>

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements.

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts:

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.12% 

October 31, 2010  0.02 

October 31, 2009  0.33 

 

e Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

f Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.

</R>

66  Prospectus  Prospectus  67 

 



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund

<R>
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio of  Ratio of net   
  Net asset    Net realized      From          Net assets,  expenses  investment   
  value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized      Net asset  Total return  end of  to average  income (loss)   
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss) on  investment  net investment  gain on  Total  Redemption  value, end  at net asset  period (in  net assets  to average  Portfolio 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  investments  operations  income  investments  distributions  fees  of period  value (%) b  thousands)  (%) c,d  net assets (%) d  turnover (%) e 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $11.45  .33  (.04)  .29  (.34)  (.05)  (.39)    $11.35  2.55  $364,714  1.37  2.86  174 
October 31, 2010  11.16  .43  .06  .49  (.15)  (.05)  (.20)  f  11.45  4.44  279,592  1.63  3.81  244 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .33  .83  1.16        f  11.16  11.60 *  86,344  1.41 *  3.06 *  48 * 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $11.31  .24  (.03)  .21  (.28)  (.05)  (.33)    $11.19  1.84  $22,984  2.12  2.14  174 
October 31, 2010  11.08  .34  .05  .39  (.11)  (.05)  (.16)  f  11.31  3.54  18,375  2.38  3.05  244 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .29  .79  1.08        f  11.08  10.80 *  6,613  2.05 *  2.71 *  48 * 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $11.31  .24  (.04)  .20  (.27)  (.05)  (.32)    $11.19  1.79  $132,156  2.12  2.12  174 
October 31, 2010  11.09  .34  .06  .40  (.13)  (.05)  (.18)  f  11.31  3.59  98,655  2.38  3.05  244 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .32  .77  1.09        f  11.09  10.90 *  29,797  2.05 *  2.89 *  48 * 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $11.32  .27  (.03)  .24  (.28)  (.05)  (.33)    $11.23  2.12  $3,830  1.87  2.34  174 
October 31, 2010  11.10  .37  .03  .40  (.13)  (.05)  (.18)  f  11.32  3.64  3,134  2.13  3.30  244 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .33  .77  1.10        f  11.10  11.00 *  1,473  1.84 *  3.04 *  48 * 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $11.37  .30  (.05)  .25  (.32)  (.05)  (.37)    $11.25  2.26  $643  1.62  2.60  174 
October 31, 2010  11.12  .40  .04  .44  (.14)  (.05)  (.19)  f  11.37  3.97  431  1.88  3.56  244 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .32  .80  1.12        f  11.12  11.20 *  109  1.62 *  2.99 *  48 * 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $11.47  .36  (.05)  .31  (.36)  (.05)  (.41)    $11.37  2.75  $195,030  1.12  3.13  174 
October 31, 2010  11.17  .46  .05  .51  (.16)  (.05)  (.21)  f  11.47  4.64  169,634  1.38  4.04  244 
October 31, 2009   10.00  .40  .77  1.17        f  11.17  11.70 *  60,759  1.19 *  3.56 *  48 * 

</R>

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

<R>

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements.

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts:

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.08% 

October 31, 2010  0.03 

October 31, 2009  0.46 

 

e Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.

f Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

68  Prospectus  Prospectus  69 

 



Make the most of your Putnam privileges

As a Putnam mutual fund shareholder, you have access to a number of services that can help you build a more effective and flexible financial program. Here are some of the ways you can use these privileges to make the most of your Putnam mutual fund investment.

Systematic investment plan

Invest as much as you wish. The amount you choose will be automatically transferred weekly, semi-monthly or monthly from your checking or savings account.

Systematic withdrawal

Make regular withdrawals monthly, quarterly, semiannually, or annually from your Putnam mutual fund account.

Systematic exchange

Transfer assets automatically from one Putnam account to another on a regular, prearranged basis.

Exchange privilege

Exchange money between Putnam funds. The exchange privilege allows you to adjust your investments as your objectives change. A signature guarantee is required for exchanges of more than $500,000 and shares of all Putnam funds may not be available to all investors.

A short-term trading fee of 1.00% may apply to exchanges of certain fund shares within the time period specified in the applicable fund’s prospectus.

Investors may not maintain, within the same fund, simultaneous plans for systematic investment or exchange (into the fund) and systematic withdrawal or exchange (out of the fund). These privileges are subject to change or termination.

70  Prospectus 

 



Dividends plus

Diversify your portfolio by investing dividends and other distributions from one Putnam fund automatically into another at net asset value.

Statement of intention

You may reduce a front-end sales charge by agreeing to invest a minimum dollar amount over 13 months. Depending on your fund, the minimum is $50,000 or $100,000. Whenever you make an investment under this arrangement, you or your financial representative should notify Putnam Investor Services that a Statement of Intention is in effect.

Many of these services can be accessed online at putnam.com.

For more information about any of these services and privileges, call your financial representative or a Putnam customer service representative toll free at 1-800-225-1581.

</R>

Prospectus  71 

 



For more information about Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund

<R>

The funds’ SAI and annual and semiannual reports to shareholders include additional information about the funds. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this prospectus, which means it is part of this prospectus for legal purposes. Each fund’s annual report discusses the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the fund’s performance during its last fiscal year. You may get free copies of these materials, request other information about any Putnam fund, or make shareholder inquiries, by contacting your financial representative, by visiting Putnam’s website at putnam.com/individual, or by calling Putnam toll-free at 1-800-225-1581.

You may review and copy information about a fund, including its SAI, at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You may call the Commission at 1-202-551-8090 for information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. You may also access reports and other information about each fund on the EDGAR Database on the Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may get copies of this information, with payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Commission’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520. You may need to refer to the fund’s file number.

</R>

Putnam Investments
One Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02109
1-800-225-1581

Address correspondence to
Putnam Investor Services
P.O. Box 8383
Boston, MA 02266-8383

putnam.com

<R>
File No. 811-07513  SP104 272637 2/12 
</R>

 



Putnam Absolute Return Funds  CLASS A  CLASS B  CLASS C  CLASS M  CLASS R  CLASS Y 

 
Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund  PARTX  PARPX  PARQX  PARZX  PRARX  PARYX 

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund  PTRNX  PTRBX  PTRGX  PZARX  PTRKX  PYTRX 

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund  PJMDX  PJMBX  PJMCX  PJMMX  PJMRX  PJMYX 

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund  PDMAX  PDMBX  PDMCX  PDMMX  PDMRX  PDMYX 

 

PUTNAM ABSOLUTE RETURN 100 FUND 
 
PUTNAM ABSOLUTE RETURN 300 FUND 
 
PUTNAM ABSOLUTE RETURN 500 FUND 
 
PUTNAM ABSOLUTE RETURN 700 FUND 
 
Each a Series of Putnam Funds Trust 
 
FORM N-1A 
 
PART B 
 
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI) 
<R>   
2/28/12 

 

This SAI is not a prospectus. If a fund has more than one form of current prospectus, each reference to the prospectus in this SAI includes all of the funds’ prospectuses, unless otherwise noted. The SAI should be read together with the applicable prospectus. For a free copy of the funds’ annual reports or a prospectus dated February 28, 2012, as revised from time to time, call Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581, visit Putnam's Web site at putnam.com or write Putnam Investor Services, P.O. Box 8383, Boston, MA 02266-8383.

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Part I of this SAI contains specific information about the funds. Part II includes information about these funds and the other Putnam funds.

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SAI_628 2012/02 
SAI_629 2012/02 
SAI_630 2012/02 
SAI_631 2012/02 

 

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I-1 

 



Table of Contents   
 
PART I   
 
 
FUND ORGANIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION  I-3 
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS  I-4 
CHARGES AND EXPENSES  I-5 
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PORTFOLIO MANAGERS  I-36 
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  I-41 
</R>   
 
 
 
 
PART II   
 
 
HOW TO BUY SHARES  II-1 
DISTRIBUTION PLANS  II-11 
<R>   
MISCELLANEOUS INVESTMENTS, INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND RISKS  II-19 
</R>   
TAXES  II-53 
<R>   
MANAGEMENT  II-66 
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE  II-85 
INVESTOR SERVICES  II-86 
SIGNATURE GUARANTEES  II-90 
REDEMPTIONS  II-90 
SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY  II-91 
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO INFORMATION  II-91 
PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES  II-93 
SECURITIES RATINGS  II-93 
CLAIMS-PAYING ABILITY RATINGS  II-97 
APPENDIX A- PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES OF THE PUTNAM FUNDS  II-101 
APPENDIX B - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  II-117 
</R>   

 

I-2 

 



SAI
 
PART I 

 

FUND ORGANIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION

<R>

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund are each a diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust, a Massachusetts business trust organized on January 22, 1996 the “Trust”. A copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, which is governed by Massachusetts law, is on file with the Secretary of State of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

The Trust is an open-end management investment company with an unlimited number of authorized shares of beneficial interest. The Trustees may, without shareholder approval, create two or more series of shares representing separate investment portfolios. Any such series of shares may be divided without shareholder approval into two or more classes of shares having such preferences and special or relative rights and privileges as the Trustees determine. Each fund offers classes of shares with different sales charges and expenses.

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Each share has one vote, with fractional shares voting proportionally. Shares of all series and classes vote together as a single class on all matters except (i) when required by the Investment Company Act of 1940 or when the Trustees have determined that a matter affects one or more series or classes materially differently, shares are voted by individual series or class; and (ii) when the Trustees determine that a matter affects only the interests of a particular series or class, then only shareholders of such series or class are entitled to vote thereon. Shares are freely transferable, are entitled to dividends as declared by the Trustees, and, if a fund were liquidated, would receive the net assets of that fund.

Each fund may suspend the sale of shares at any time and may refuse any order to purchase shares. Although each fund is not required to hold annual meetings of its shareholders, shareholders holding at least 10% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote have the right to call a meeting to elect or remove Trustees, or to take other actions as provided in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust. Each fund has also voluntarily undertaken to hold a shareholder meeting at least every five years. The most recent shareholder meeting was in 2009.

I-3 

 



INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

As fundamental investment restrictions, which may not be changed without a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities, each fund may not and will not:

(1) With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest in securities of any issuer if, immediately after such investment, more than 5% of the total assets of the fund (taken at current value) would be invested in the securities of such issuer; provided that this limitation does not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed as to interest or principal by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities or to securities issued by other investment companies.

(2) With respect to 75% of its total assets, acquire more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any issuer.

(3) Borrow money in excess of 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (not including the amount borrowed) at the time the borrowing is made.

(4) Make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations in which the fund may invest consistent with its investment policies (including without limitation debt obligations issued by other Putnam funds), by entering into repurchase agreements, or by lending its portfolio securities.

(5) Purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, securities which are secured by interests in real estate, and securities which represent interests in real estate, and it may acquire and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of its rights as a holder of debt obligations secured by real estate or interests therein.

(6) Purchase or sell commodities, except as permitted by applicable law.

(7) Underwrite securities issued by other persons except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of its portfolio investments, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under certain federal securities laws.

(8) Purchase securities (other than securities of the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result of such purchase, more than 25% of the fund's total assets would be invested in any one industry.

(9) Issue any class of securities which is senior to the fund’s shares of beneficial interest, except for permitted borrowings.

The Investment Company Act of 1940 provides that a "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" of the fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding fund shares, or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding fund shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.

I-4 

 



<R>

For purposes of the funds’ fundamental policy on industry concentration (#8 above), Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management), the funds’ investment manager, determines the appropriate industry categories and assigns issuers to them. Industry categories and issuer assignments may change over time in Putnam Management’s discretion and may differ from those shown in shareholder reports and other communications.

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The following non-fundamental investment policies may be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval:

(1) The funds will not invest in (a) securities which are not readily marketable, (b) securities restricted as to resale (excluding securities determined by the Trustees of a fund (or the person designated by the Trustees of a fund to make such determinations) to be readily marketable), and (c) repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days, if, as a result, more than 15% of the fund's net assets (taken at current value) would be invested in securities described in (a), (b) and (c).

(2) The funds will not acquire any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on Sections 12(d)(1)(F) or (G) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

All percentage limitations on investments (other than pursuant to non-fundamental restriction (1)) will apply at the time of the making of an investment and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of such investment.

CHARGES AND EXPENSES

Management fees

<R>

Under a management contract effective January 1, 2010, each fund pays a monthly base fee to Putnam Management. The fee is calculated by applying a rate to the fund’s average net assets for the month. The rate is based on the monthly average of the aggregate net assets of all open-end funds sponsored by Putnam Management (excluding fund assets that are invested in other Putnam funds) (“Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets”), as determined at the close of each business day during the month, as set forth below.

In addition, beginning with January 2011, the monthly management fee consists of the monthly base fee plus or minus a performance adjustment for the month. The performance adjustment is determined based on performance over the thirty-six month period then ended or, if shorter, the period from January 1, 2010 to the end of the month for which the fee adjustment is being computed. Each month, the performance adjustment is calculated by multiplying the performance adjustment rate and the fund’s average net assets over the performance period and dividing the result by twelve. The resulting dollar amount is added to, or subtracted from, the base fee for that month. The performance adjustment rate is equal to 0.04 multiplied by the difference between the fund’s annualized performance (measured by the fund’s class A shares) and the sum of the hurdle

I-5 

 



described below and the annualized performance of the benchmark index described below. The maximum annualized performance adjustment rates are also set forth below.

The monthly base fee is determined based on each fund’s average net assets for the month, while the performance adjustment is determined based on the fund’s average net assets over the performance period of up to thirty-six months. This means it is possible that, if the fund underperforms significantly over the performance period, and the fund’s assets have declined significantly over that period, the negative performance adjustment may exceed the base fee. In this event, Putnam Management would make a payment to the fund.

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The application of an expense limitation, if any, will have a positive effect on a fund’s performance and may result in an increase in the performance adjustment. It is possible that the cumulative dollar amount of additional compensation ultimately payable to Putnam Management may, under some circumstances, exceed the cumulative dollar amount of management fees waived by Putnam Management.

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund
0.630% of the first $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.580% of the next $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.530% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.480% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.430% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.410% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.400% of the next $100 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.395% of any excess thereafter.

<R>

Benchmark  Hurdle  Maximum 
    performance 
    adjustment rate 

BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index  1.00%  +/- 0.04% 
(G0BA)  (100 basis points)   

 

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund
0.730% of the first $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.680% of the next $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.630% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.580% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.530% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.510% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.500% of the next $100 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.495% of any excess thereafter.

<R>

I-6 

 



Benchmark  Hurdle  Maximum 
    performance 
    adjustment rate 

BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index  3.00%  +/- 0.12% 
(G0BA)  (300 basis points)   

 

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund
0.880% of the first $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.830% of the next $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.780% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.730% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.680% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.660% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.650% of the next $100 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.645% of any excess thereafter.

<R>

Benchmark  Hurdle  Maximum 
    performance 
    adjustment rate 

BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index  5.00%  +/- 0.20% 
(G0BA)  (500 basis points)   

 

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund
1.030% of the first $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.980% of the next $5 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.930% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.880% of the next $10 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.830% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.810% of the next $50 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.800% of the next $100 billion of Total Open-End Mutual Fund Average Net Assets;
0.795% of any excess thereafter.

<R>

Benchmark  Hurdle  Maximum 
    performance 
    adjustment rate 

BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index  7.00%  +/- 0.28% 
(G0BA)  (700 basis points)   

 

I-7 

 



Under the funds’ prior management contract dated December 22, 2008, each fund paid a monthly base fee to Putnam Management based on the average net assets of the fund, as determined at the close of each business day during the month, at the annual rates set forth below. In addition, each fund was subject to (and remains subject to) the performance adjustments described above, which were unaffected by the February 1, 2010 management contract.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund

0.55% of the first $500 million of average net assets;

0.45% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.40% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.35% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.325% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.305% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.29% of the next $5 billion of average net assets; and

0.28% of any excess thereafter.

<R>
</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund

0.65% of the first $500 million of average net assets;

0.55% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.50% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.45% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.425% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.405% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.39% of the next $5 billion of average net assets; and

0.38% of any excess thereafter.

I-8 

 



<R>
</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund

0.80% of the first $500 million of average net assets;

0.70% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.65% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.60% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.575% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.555% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.54% of the next $5 billion of average net assets; and

0.53% of any excess thereafter.

<R>
</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund

0.95% of the first $500 million of average net assets;

0.85% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.80% of the next $500 million of average net assets;

0.75% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.725% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.705% of the next $5 billion of average net assets;

0.69% of the next $5 billion of average net assets; and

0.68% of any excess thereafter.

<R>
</R>

I-9 

 



<R>

For the past three fiscal years, pursuant to the applicable management contract, each fund incurred the following fees:

</R>

        Amount 
        management 
        fee would 
      Amount of  have been 
    Management   management  without 
Fund name  Fiscal year  fee paid  fee waived  waivers 

<R>         
Absolute Return 100 Fund  2011  $767,149  $1,112,119  $1,879,268 

  2010  1,283,467  0  1,283,467 

  2009  10,962  187,415  198,377 
</R>         

 

        Amount 
        management 
        fee would 
      Amount of  have been 
    Management  management  without 
Fund name  Fiscal year  fee paid  fee waived  waivers 

<R>         
Absolute Return 300 Fund  2011  $5,997,418  $2,492,452  $8,489,870 

  2010  3,974,613  0  3,974,613 

  2009  360,581  132,906  493,487 

 

        Amount 
        management 
        fee would 
      Amount of  have been 
    Management  management  without 
Fund name  Fiscal year  fee paid  fee waived  waivers 

Absolute Return 500 Fund  2011  $4,722,613  $945,028  $5,667,641 

  2010  3,463,183  69,222  3,532,405 

  2009  341,698  317,397  659,095 

</R>         

 

I-10 

 



        Amount 
        management 
        fee would 
      Amount of  have been 
    Management  management  without 
Fund name  Fiscal year  fee paid  fee waived  waivers 

<R>         
Absolute Return 700 Fund  2011  $5,437,954  $539,614  $5,977,568 

  2010  3,643,198  101,907  3,745,105 

  2009  236,446  320,570  557,016 

</R>         

 

The amount of management fee waived for the most recent fiscal year resulted from arrangements set forth in “Fund-specific expense limitation” below.

<R>

Fund-specific expense limitation. Effective through at least June 30, 2013, Putnam Management will waive fees (and, to the extent necessary, bear other expenses) of Absolute Return 100 Fund, Absolute Return 300 Fund, Absolute Return 500 Fund and Absolute Return 700 Fund to the extent that expenses of the fund (before any performance adjustment to the fund’s management fee and exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses and payments under the fund’s distribution plans) would exceed 0.40%, 0.60%, 0.90% and 1.10%, respectively, of the fund’s average net assets. Please see “Management - The Management Contract – General expense Limitation” in Part II of the SAI for a description of another expense limitation that may apply to a fund.

</R>

Brokerage commissions

The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during the fiscal years indicated:

  Fiscal  Brokerage 
  year  commissions 

<R>     
Absolute Return 100     
Fund  2011  $31,763 

  2010  $23,305 
</R>     

  2009  $2,091 

 

I-11 

 



  Fiscal  Brokerage 
  year  commissions 

<R>     
Absolute Return 300     
Fund  2011  $188,635 

  2010  $78,322 
</R>     

  2009  $6,581 

 
  Fiscal  Brokerage 
  year  commissions 

<R>     
Absolute Return 500     
Fund  2011  $198,768 

  2010  $221,112 
</R>     

  2009  $48,207 

 
  Fiscal  Brokerage 
  year  commissions 

<R>     
Absolute Return 700     
Fund  2011  $213,360 

  2010  $220,782 
</R>     

  2009  $37,703 

 

<R>

The brokerage commissions for the fund’s 2011 fiscal year were higher than the brokerage commissions for the fund’s 2009 fiscal year due to an increase in the assets of the funds.

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The following table shows transactions placed with broker and dealers during the most recent fiscal year to recognize research services received by Putnam Management and its affiliates:

  Dollar value  Percentage   
  of these  of total  Amount of 
Fund name    transactions  transactions  commissions 

<R>       
Absolute Return 500       
Fund  $224,919,100  3.59%  $113,551 

Absolute Return 700       
Fund  $225,359,374  3.05%  $113,568 

 

At the end of fiscal 2011, the funds held the following securities of their regular broker-dealers (or affiliates of such broker-dealers):

 

I-12 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund

Broker-dealers or affiliates  Value of securities held 

Citigroup, Inc.  $662,739 

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The)  $196,915 

 

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund

 

Broker-dealers or affiliates   Value of securities held 

Citigroup, Inc.  $3,721,536 

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The)  $802,885 

 

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund

 

Broker-dealers or affiliates   Value of securities held 

Bank of America  $3,568,495 

Citigroup, Inc.  $3,097,504 

Deutsche Bank AG  $698,600 

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The)  $3,354,870 

JPMorgan Chase & Co.  $4,697,697 

Morgan Stanley  $2,485,153 

 

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund

 

Broker-dealers or affiliates   Value of securities held 

Bank of America Corp.  $2,075,401 

Barclays Capital, Inc.  $379,059 

Citigroup, Inc.  $1,799,909 

Credit Suisse First Boston  $872,341 

Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc.  $407,139 

JPMorgan Securities, Inc.  $1,832,604 

</R>   

 

Administrative expense reimbursement

<R>

The funds reimbursed Putnam Management for administrative services during fiscal 2011, including compensation of certain fund officers and contributions to the Putnam Investments Profit Sharing Retirement Plan for their benefit, as follows:

I-13 

 



    Portion of total 
    reimbursement 
  Total  for compensation 
  Reimbursement  and contributions 

Absolute Return 100     
Fund  $10,220  $8,077 

Absolute Return 300     
Fund  $39,662  $31,345 

Absolute Return 500     
Fund  $21,305  $16,837 

Absolute Return 700     
Fund  $18,586  $14,688 

 

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Trustee responsibilities and fees

The Trustees are responsible for generally overseeing the conduct of fund business. Subject to such policies as the Trustees may determine, Putnam Management furnishes a continuing investment program for the funds and makes investment decisions on their behalf. Subject to the control of the Trustees, Putnam Management also manages the funds’ other affairs and business.

<R>

The table below shows the value of each Trustee's holdings in the funds and in all of the Putnam Funds as of December 31, 2011.

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I-14 

 



Name of Trustee  Dollar range of  Dollar range of  Dollar range of  Dollar range of  Aggregate dollar range 
  Putnam Absolute  Putnam Absolute  Putnam Absolute  Putnam Absolute  of shares held in all of 
  Return 100 Fund  Return 300 Fund  Return 500 Fund  Return 700 Fund  the Putnam funds 
  shares owned  shares owned  shares owned  shares owned  overseen by Trustee 

Ravi Akhoury  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 

<R>           
Barbara M. Baumann  $1-$10,000  $50,001-$10,0000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 

Jameson A. Baxter  $10,001-$50,000  over $100,000  over $100,000  $10,001-$50,000  over $100,000 

Charles B. Curtis  $1-$10,000  over $100,000  over $100,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
</R>           

Robert J. Darretta  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 

John A. Hill  over $100,000  over $100,000  over $100,000  over $100,000  over $100,000 

<R>           
Paul L. Joskow  $1-$10,000  $50,001-$100,000  over $100,000  $50,001-$100,000  over $100,000 

*Elizabeth T.  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
Kennan           

Kenneth R. Leibler  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
</R>           

Robert E. Patterson  $10,001-$50,000  $10,001-$50,000  $10,001-$50,000  $10,001-$50,000  over $100,000 

George Putnam, III  $10,001-$50,000  $10,001-$50,000  $10,001-$50,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 

W. Thomas Stephens  over $100,000  over $100,000  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 

**Robert L.  $1-$10,000  $1-$10,000  over $100,000  over $100,000  over $100,000 
Reynolds           

 

<R>

* Dr. Kennan was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees by the Independent Trustees effective January 1, 2012.

** Trustee who is an “interested person” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of each fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management. Mr. Reynolds is deemed an “interested person” by virtue of his positions as an officer of the funds, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management. Mr. Reynolds is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments, LLC and President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds. None of the other Trustees is an “interested person.”

</R>

I-15 

 



Each independent Trustee of the funds receives an annual retainer fee and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Independent Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees. All of the current independent Trustees of the funds are Trustees of all the Putnam funds and receive fees for their services.

The Trustees periodically review their fees to ensure that such fees continue to be appropriate in light of their responsibilities as well as in relation to fees paid to trustees of other mutual fund complexes. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee, which consists solely of independent Trustees of the fund, estimates that committee and Trustee meeting time, together with the appropriate preparation, requires the equivalent of at least four business days per Trustee meeting. The standing committees of the Board of Trustees, and the number of times each committee met, during your fund’s most recently completed fiscal year, are shown in the table below.

<R>   

Audit and Compliance Committee  10 

Board Policy and Nominating Committee  8 

Brokerage Committee  4 

Contract Committee  9 

Distributions Committee  8 

Executive Committee  3 
</R>   

Investment Oversight Committees   
Investment Oversight Committee A  8 
Investment Oversight Committee B  8 

<R>   
Pricing Committee  8 

 

The following tables show the year each Trustee was first elected a Trustee of the Putnam funds, the fees paid to each Trustee by each fund for fiscal 2011, and the fees paid to each Trustee by all of the Putnam funds during calendar year 2011:

</R>

I-16 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund 
  
    Pension or     
    retirement  Estimated   
    benefits  annual   
  Aggregate  accrued as  benefits from   
  compensation  part of  all Putnam  Total compensation 
  from the  fund  funds upon  from all Putnam 
Trustees/Year  fund  expenses  retirement(1)  funds(2) 

<R>         
Ravi Akhoury/2009  $1,666  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Barbara M. Baumann/2010(3)  $1,638  N/A  N/A  $297,000 

Jameson A. Baxter/1994(3)(6)  $1,907  $686  $110,500  $365,500 

Charles B. Curtis/2001  $1,609  $466  $113,900  $291,000 

Robert J. Darretta/2007(3)  $1,666  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Myra R. Drucker/2004(3)(4)  $404  N/A  N/A  $84,750 

John A. Hill/1985(3)(6)  $1,849  $1,174  $161,700  $341,031.25 

Paul L. Joskow/1997(3)  $1,609  $460  $113,400  $291,000 

Elizabeth T. Kennan/1992(5)  N/A  $907  $108,000  N/A 

Kenneth R. Leibler/2006  $1,666  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Robert E. Patterson/1984  $1,666  $671  $106,500  $303,000 

George Putnam, III/1984  $1,666  $629  $130,300  $303,000 

W. Thomas Stephens/1997(7)  $1,666  $506  $107,100  $303,000 

Richard B. Worley/2004(4)  $171  N/A  N/A  $36,000 
</R>         

Robert L. Reynolds/2008(8)  N/A  N/A  N/A  N/A 

 

I-17 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund 
 
    Pension or     
    retirement  Estimated   
    benefits  annual   
  Aggregate  accrued as  benefits from   
  compensation  part of  all Putnam  Total compensation 
  from the  fund  funds upon  from all Putnam 
Trustees/Year  fund  expenses  retirement(1)  funds(2) 

<R>         
Ravi Akhoury/2009  $6,245  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Barbara M. Baumann/2010(3)  $6,151  N/A  N/A  $297,000 

Jameson A. Baxter/1994(3)(6)  $7,180  $2,258  $110,500  $365,500 

Charles B. Curtis/2001  $6,058  $1,531  $113,900  $291,000 

Robert J. Darretta/2007(3)  $6,245  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Myra R. Drucker/2004(3)(4)  $1,323  N/A  N/A  $84,750 

John A. Hill/1985(3)(6)  $6,876  $3,870  $161,700  $341,031.25 

Paul L. Joskow/1997(3)  $6,058  $1,515  $113,400  $291,000 

Elizabeth T. Kennan/1992(5)  N/A  $2,982  $108,000  N/A 

Kenneth R. Leibler/2006  $6,245  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Robert E. Patterson/1984  $6,245  $2,215  $106,500  $303,000 

George Putnam, III/1984  $6,245  $2,081  $130,300  $303,000 

W. Thomas Stephens/1997(7)  $6,245  $1,663  $107,100  $303,000 

Richard B. Worley/2004(4)  $562  N/A  N/A  $36,000 
</R>         

Robert L. Reynolds/2008(8)  N/A  N/A  N/A  N/A 

 

I-18 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund 
  
    Pension or     
    retirement  Estimated   
    benefits  annual   
  Aggregate  accrued as  benefits from   
  compensation  part of  all Putnam  Total compensation 
  from the  fund  funds upon  from all Putnam 
Trustees/Year  fund  expenses  retirement(1)  funds(2) 

<R>         
Ravi Akhoury/2009  $3,349  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Barbara M. Baumann/2010(3)  $3,291  N/A  N/A  $297,000 

Jameson A. Baxter/1994(3)(6)  $3,827  $1,358  $110,500  $365,500 

Charles B. Curtis/2001  $3,234  $923  $113,900  $291,000 

Robert J. Darretta/2007(3)  $3,349  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Myra R. Drucker/2004(3)(4)  $811  N/A  N/A  $84,750 

John A. Hill/1985(3)(6)  $3,718  $2,326  $161,700  $341,031.25 

Paul L. Joskow/1997(3)  $3,234  $911  $113,400  $291,000 

Elizabeth T. Kennan/1992(5)  N/A  $1,796  $108,000  N/A 

Kenneth R. Leibler/2006  $3,349  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Robert E. Patterson/1984  $3,349  $1,330  $106,500  $303,000 

George Putnam, III/1984  $3,349  $1,246  $130,300  $303,000 

W. Thomas Stephens/1997(7)  $3,349  $1,001  $107,100  $303,000 

Richard B. Worley/2004(4)  $344  N/A  N/A  $36,000 
</R>         

Robert L. Reynolds/2008(8)  N/A  N/A  N/A  N/A 

 

I-19 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund 
 
    Pension or     
    retirement  Estimated   
    benefits  annual   
  Aggregate  accrued as  benefits from   
  compensation  part of  all Putnam  Total compensation 
  from the  fund  funds upon  from all Putnam 
Trustees/Year  fund  expenses  retirement(1)  funds(2) 

<R>         
Ravi Akhoury/2009  $2,909  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Barbara M. Baumann/2010(3)  $2,860  N/A  N/A  $297,000 

Jameson A. Baxter/1994(3)(6)  $3,329  $1,195  $110,500  $365,500 

Charles B. Curtis/2001  $2,811  $812  $113,900  $291,000 

Robert J. Darretta/2007(3)  $2,909  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Myra R. Drucker/2004(3)(4)  $692  N/A  N/A  $84,750 

John A. Hill/1985(3)(6)  $3,227  $2,047  $161,700  $341,031.25 

Paul L. Joskow/1997(3)  $2,811  $802  $113,400  $291,000 

Elizabeth T. Kennan/1992(5)  N/A  $1,581  $108,000  N/A 

Kenneth R. Leibler/2006  $2,909  N/A  N/A  $303,000 

Robert E. Patterson/1984  $2,909  $1,170  $106,500  $303,000 

George Putnam, III/1984  $2,909  $1,096  $130,300  $303,000 

W. Thomas Stephens/1997(7)  $2,909  $881  $107,100  $303,000 

Richard B. Worley/2004(4)  $294  N/A  N/A  $36,000 
</R>         

Robert L. Reynolds/2008(8)  N/A  N/A  N/A  N/A 

 

(1) Estimated benefits for each Trustee are based on Trustee fee rates for calendar years 2003, 2004 and 2005.

<R>

(2) As of December 31, 2011, there were 108 funds in the Putnam family.

(3) Certain Trustees are also owed compensation deferred pursuant to a Trustee Compensation Deferral Plan. As of October 31, 2011, the total amounts of deferred compensation payable by each fund, including income earned on such amounts, to these Trustees were:

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund: Ms. Baumann - $64; Ms. Baxter - $717; Mr. Darretta – $127; Ms. Drucker - $203; Mr. Hill - $2,097; and Dr. Joskow - $545.

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund: Ms. Baumann - $229; Ms. Baxter - $2,582; Mr. Darretta – $458; Ms. Drucker - $731; Mr. Hill - $7,550; and Dr. Joskow - $1,963.

I-20 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund: Ms. Baumann - $125; Ms. Baxter - $1,405; Mr. Darretta – $249; Ms. Drucker - $398; Mr. Hill - $4,110; and Dr. Joskow - $1,069.

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund: Ms. Baumann - $109; Ms. Baxter - $1,225; Mr. Darretta – $217; Ms. Drucker - $347; Mr. Hill - $3,583; and Dr. Joskow - $932.

(4) Ms. Drucker and Mr. Worley retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on January 30, 2011 and December 14, 2010, respectively.

(5) Dr. Kennan, who retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on June 30, 2010, was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees effective January 1, 2012. Upon her retirement, Dr. Kennan became entitled to receive annual retirement benefit payments from the funds commencing on January 15, 2011. In connection with her re-appointment to the Board of Trustees, Dr. Kennan has agreed to suspend the balance of her retirement benefit payments for the duration of her service as a Trustee.

(6) Includes additional compensation to Mr. Hill and Ms. Baxter for service as Chair of the Trustees of the Putnam funds. Ms. Baxter replaced Mr. Hill as Chair, Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on July 1, 2011.

(7) Mr. Stephens, who retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on March 31, 2008, was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees on May 14, 2009. Upon his retirement, Mr. Stephens became entitled to receive annual retirement benefit payments from the funds commencing on January 15, 2009. In connection with his re-appointment to the Board of Trustees, Mr. Stephens has agreed to suspend the balance of his retirement benefit payments for the duration of his service as a Trustee.

(8) Mr. Reynolds is an “interested person” of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management.

</R>

Under a Retirement Plan for Trustees of the Putnam funds (the Plan), each Trustee who retires with at least five years of service as a Trustee of the funds is entitled to receive an annual retirement benefit equal to one-half of the average annual attendance and retainer fees paid to such Trustee for calendar years 2003, 2004 and 2005. This retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee's lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. A death benefit, also available under the Plan, ensures that the Trustee and his or her beneficiaries will receive benefit payments for the lesser of an aggregate period of (i) ten years, or (ii) such Trustee's total years of service.

The Plan Administrator (currently the Board Policy and Nominating Committee) may terminate or amend the Plan at any time, but no termination or amendment will result in a reduction in the amount of benefits (i) currently being paid to a Trustee at the time of such termination or amendment, or (ii) to which a current Trustee would have been entitled had he or she retired immediately prior to such termination or amendment. The Trustees have terminated the Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected to the board after 2003.

I-21 

 



For additional information concerning the Trustees, see “Management” in Part II of this SAI.

Share ownership

<R>

At January 31, 2012, the officers and Trustees of each fund as a group owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each class of each fund except for class A shares of the Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, of which they owned 1.41%, and, except as noted below, no person owned of record or to the knowledge of the funds beneficially 5% or more of any class of shares of the funds.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund   
  
Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

<R>     
Class A  Wells Fargo Advisors  6.99% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class A  UBS WM USA  10.34% 
  Omni Account M/F   
  Attn: Department Manager   
  1000 Harbor Blvd   
  Weehawken, NJ 07086-6761   

Class A  National Financial Services, LLC  13.10% 
  200 Liberty St, 5th Fl.   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class A  MLPF&S  18.13% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr. E. Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class B  National Financial Services, LLC  9.67% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class B  MLPF&S  12.34% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E. Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class B  Wells Fargo Advisors  19.83% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

 

I-22 

 



Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

Class C  National Financial Services, LLC  12.10% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl.   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class C  Wells Fargo Advisors  16.52% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class C  MLPF&S  20.72% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr. E. Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class M  Primevest Financial Services  5.95% 
  FBO – Karl A. Copenhafer   
  400 First St., Ste. 300   
  PO Box 283   
  St. Cloud, MN 56302-0283   

Class M  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  18.12% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Floor   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class M  National Financial Services, LLC  18.74% 
  For its Customers   
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class M  Marie C. Franklin  20.86% 
  683 RT 579   
  Pittstown, NJ 08867   

Class R  MG Trust Company  7.10% 
  Watten Discoe Bassett and McMains   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  MG Trust Company  10.09% 
  FBO – Mann I’m Good Lawn Care   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  MG Trust Company  12.11% 
  FBO – Stephen Burke, D.D.S. M.S. Inc.   
  700 17th St, Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  MG Trust Company  47.78% 
  FBO – Allergy Diagnostics   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class Y  LPL Financial  5.37% 
  Omnibus Customer Account   
  Attn: Eric Silvester   
  9785 Towne Centre Dr.   
  San Diego, CA 92121-1968   

 

I-23 

 



Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

Class Y  National Financial Services, LLC  6.63% 
  For its Customers   
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl.   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class Y  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  9.46% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class Y  Wells Fargo Advisors  9.98% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class Y  Merrill Lynch  27.64% 
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

</R>     
 
Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund   
  
Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

<R>     
Class A  MLPF&S  8.95% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E. Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class A  Wells Fargo Advisors  9.49% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class A  National Financial Services, LLC  13.82% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class A  UBS WM USA  16.97% 
  Omni Account M/F   
  Attn: Department Manager   
  1000 Harbor Blvd   
  Weehawken, NJ 07086-6761   

Class B  National Financial Services, LLC  10.50% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class B  MLPF&S  11.13% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   

 

I-24 

 



Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class B  Wells Fargo Advisors  14.92% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class C  UBS WM USA  7.30% 
  Omni Account M/F   
  Attn: Department Manager   
  1000 Harbor Blvd   
  Weehawken, NJ 07086-6761   

Class C  National Financial Services, LLC  10.39% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class C  Wells Fargo Advisors  14.27% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class C  MLPF&S  18.66% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class M  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  25.69% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class M  National Financial Services, LLC  25.93% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class R  MG Trust Company  5.55% 
  FBO – J2 Trading Inc.   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  NFS LLC  6.76% 
  FBO – State Street Bank & Trust TTEE /   
Waste Management Retirement Savings Plan – FBO – Mel 
  Panko   
  901 Eddystone Circle   
  Naperville, IL 60565-6113   

Class R  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  6.94% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class R  MG Trust Company  7.99% 
  FBO – Environmental Process, Inc.   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

 

I-25 

 



Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

Class R  MG Trust Company  11.65% 
  FBO – Technology Advancements, Inc.   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  MG Trust Company  13.02% 
  Watten Discoe Bassett and McMains   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  TD Ameritrade TRCO  16.55% 
  P.O. Box 17748   
  Denver, CO 80217-0748   

Class Y  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  7.73% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl.   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class Y  National Financial Services, LLC  8.51% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class Y  Wells Fargo Advisors  9.97% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class Y  Merrill Lynch  30.58% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E. Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

</R>     
 
Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund   
  
Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

<R>     
Class A  Raymond James  5.13% 
  Omnibus for Mutual Funds   
  Attn: Courtney Waller   
  880 Carillon Pkwy   
  St. Petersburg, FL 33716-1100   

Class A  MLPF&S  5.15% 
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class A  Wells Fargo Advisors  7.03% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

 

I-26 

 



Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

Class A  UBS WM USA  7.91% 
  Omni Account M/F   
  Attn: Department Manager   
  1000 Harbor Blvd   
  Weehawken, NJ 07086-6761   

Class A  National Financial Services, LLC  17.40% 
  200 Libetty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class B  MLPF&S  7.16% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class B  Wells Fargo Advisors  10.79% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, Mo 63103-2523   

Class B  National Financial Services, LLC  18.70% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class C  Raymond James  7.89% 
  Omnibus for Mutual Funds   
  Attn: Courtney Waller   
  880 Carillon Pkwy   
  St. Petersburg, FL 33716-1100   

Class C  Wells Fargo Advisors  8.33% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class C  National Financial Services, LLC  11.40% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class C  MLPF&S  12.04% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class M  Wells Fargo Advisors  18.85% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class M  National Financial Services, LLC  29.38% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl.   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class R  Counsel Trust DBA MATC  5.77% 
  FBO – Scarlett Group 401k Plan   
  1251 Waterfront PL, Ste. 525   
  Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4228   

 

I-27 

 



Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

Class R  MG Trust Company  5.85% 
  FBO – Nova Services, Inc.   
  700 17th St., Ste. 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  5.94% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class R  MG Trust Company  6.98% 
  FBO – RTD Construction, Inc.   
  700 17th St., Ste 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  Counsel Trust DBA MATC  8.74% 
  Mark Nootens MD PC Defbene Plan   
  1251 Waterfront Pl, Ste 525   
  Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4228   

Class R  TD Ameritrade TRCO  8.99% 
  PO Box 17748   
  Denver, CO 80217-0748   

Class R  MG Trust Company  9.53% 
  Watten Discoe Bassett and McMains   
  700 17th St., Ste 300   
  Denver, CO 80202-3531   

Class R  Counsel Trust DBA MATC  14.31% 
  Abba Construction 401K Plan   
  1251 Waterfront Pl, Ste. 525   
  Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4228   

Class Y  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  7.75% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl.   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class Y  Wells Fargo Advisors  9.28% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class Y  LPL Financial  10.21% 
  Omnibus Customer Account   
  Attn: Eric Silvester   
  9785 Towne Centre Dr.   
  San Diego, CA 92121-1968   

Class Y  National Financial Services, LLC.  11.53% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class Y  Merrill Lnych  21.15% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

</R>     

 

I-28 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund   
  
Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

<R>     
Class A  Wells Fargo Advisors  6.45% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class A  UBS WM USA  12.86% 
  Omni Account M/F   
  Attn: Department Manager   
  1000 Harbor Blvd   
  Weehawken, NJ 07086-6761   

Class A  National Financial Services, LLC  14.04% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class B  Wells Fargo Advisors  8.47% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class B  National Financial Services, LLC  18.97% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class C  UBS WM USA  5.93% 
  Omni Account M/F   
  Attn: Department Manager   
  1000 Harbor Blvd   
  Weehawken, NJ 07086-6761   

Class C  Wells Fargo Advisors  8.41% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class C  National Financial Services, LLC  8.74% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class C  MLPF&S  14.63% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

Class M  Wells Fargo Advisors  7.64% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class M  National Financial Services, LLC  25.02% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

 

I-29 

 



Class  Shareholder name  Percentage 
  and address  owned 

Class R  Eric Compton / Compton Dental Center Retirement 401k  15.91% 
  Plan   
  901 Fran Lin Pkwy   
  Munster, IN 46321-3540   

Class R  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  16.37% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl.   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class R  Counsel Trust DBA MATC  17.93% 
  Mark Nootens MD PC Defbene Plan   
  1251 Waterfront Pl., Ste. 525   
  Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4228   

Class Y  Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.  5.26% 
  Clearing Account for Customers   
  101 Montgomery St.   
  San Francisco, CA 94104-4151   

Class Y  Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.  5.58% 
  Attn: Cindy Tempesta / 7th Fl   
  333 W. 34th St.   
  New York, NY 10001-2402   

Class Y  National Financial Services, LLC  6.27% 
  200 Liberty St., 5th Fl   
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281-5503   

Class Y  LPL Financial  8.43% 
  Omnibus Customer Account   
  Attn: Eric Silvester   
  9785 Towne Centre Dr.   
  San Diego, CA 92121-1968   

Class Y  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney  10.22% 
  Harborside Financial Center   
  Plaza 2, 3rd Fl   
  Jersey City, NJ 07311   

Class Y  Wells Fargo Advisors  11.12% 
  Special Custody Account for Customers   
  2801 Market St.   
  St. Louis, MO 63103-2523   

Class Y  Merrill Lynch  18.41% 
  For its Customers   
  Attn: Fund Administration   
  4800 Deer Lake Dr., E., Fl. 3   
  Jacksonville, FL 32246-6484   

</R>     

 

I-30 

 



Distribution fees

<R>

During fiscal 2011, the funds paid the following 12b-1 fees to Putnam Retail Management:

</R>

Fund name  Class A  Class B  Class C  Class M  Class R 

<R>           
Putnam Absolute  $561,874  $13,296  $664,446  $9,748  $1,810 
Return 100 Fund           

Putnam Absolute  $1,849,077  $71,417  $2,711,412  $52,536  $3,826 
Return 300 Fund           

Putnam Absolute  $947,976  $317,140  $1,634,881  $50,900  $6,368 
Return 500 Fund           

Putnam Absolute  $825,202  $211,318  $1,147,976  $28,306  $2,834 
Return 700 Fund           

</R>           

 

Class A sales charges and contingent deferred sales charges

Putnam Retail Management received sales charges with respect to class A shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

      Sales charges   
      retained by   
      Putnam   
      Retail   
    Total front-  Management  Contingent 
  Fiscal  end sales  after dealer  deferred 
  year  charges  concessions  sales charges 

<R>         
Absolute Return 100         
Fund  2011  $138,449  $7,742  $10,258 

  2010  $353,708  $23,163  $30,984 
</R>         

  2009  $163,272  $16,263  $0 

 

I-31 

 



      Sales charges   
      retained by   
      Putnam   
      Retail   
    Total front-  Management  Contingent 
  Fiscal  end sales  after dealer  deferred 
  year  charges  concessions  sales charges 

<R>         
Absolute Return 300         
Fund  2011  $1,081,873  $14,299  $28,115 

  2010  $1,765,295  $99,161  $14,519 
</R>         

  2009  $752,396  $68,853  $0 

 
      Sales charges   
      retained by   
      Putnam   
      Retail   
    Total front-  Management  Contingent 
  Fiscal  end sales  after dealer  deferred 
  year  charges  concessions  sales charges 

<R>         
Absolute Return 500         
Fund  2011  $2,402,916  $403,810  $1,725 

  2010  $3,694,762  $616,701  $5 
</R>         

  2009  $1,876,509  $298,613  $0 

 
      Sales   
      charges   
      retained by   
      Putnam   
      Retail   
    Total front-  Management  Contingent 
  Fiscal  end sales  after dealer  deferred 
  year  charges  concessions  sales charges 

<R>         
Absolute Return 700         
Fund  2011  $1,512,578  $249,118  $1,629 

  2010  $2,497,993  $405,042  $16,024 
</R>         

  2009  $1,331,159  $207,025  $0 

 

I-32 

 



Class B contingent deferred sales charges

Putnam Retail Management received contingent deferred sales charges upon redemptions of class B shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 100     
Fund  2011  $11,925 

  2010  $2,607 
</R>     

  2009  $475 

 
    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 300     
Fund  2011  $22,221 

  2010  $7,766 
</R>     

  2009  $1,905 

 
    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 500     
Fund  2011  $65,481 

  2010  $35,283 
</R>     

  2009  $5,110 

 
    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 700     
Fund  2011  $41,987 

  2010  $23,081 
</R>     

  2009  $4,487 

 

Class C contingent deferred sales charges

 

I-33 

 



Putnam Retail Management received contingent deferred sales charges upon redemptions of class C shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 100     
Fund  2011  $15,756 

  2010  $19,792 
</R>     

  2009  $3,883 

 
    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 300     
Fund  2011  $54,126 

  2010  $63,244 
</R>     

  2009  $4,877 

 
    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 500     
Fund  2011  $44,420 

  2010  $46,642 
</R>     

  2009  $7,466 

 
    Contingent 
  Fiscal  deferred 
  year  sales charges 

<R>     
Absolute Return 700     
Fund  2011  $30,713 

  2010  $29,551 
</R>     

  2009  $3,444 

 

<R>

Class M sales charges and contingent deferred sales charges

</R>

I-34 

 



Putnam Retail Management received sales charges with respect to class M shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

      Sales charges   
      retained by   
      Putnam Retail   
      Management  Contingent 
    Total front-end  after dealer  deferred sales 
Fund name  Fiscal year  sales charges  concessions  charges 

<R>         
Putnam Absolute  2011  $9,916  $252  $0 
Return 100 Fund         

  2010  $22,160  1,332  $0 
</R>         

  2009  $10,225  $1,116  $0 

<R>         
Putnam Absolute  2011  $51,805  $8  $0 
Return 300 Fund         

  2010  $94,148  $6,459  $0 
</R>         

  2009  $23,000  $2,538  $0 

<R>         
Putnam Absolute  2011  $55,753  $10,899  $0 
Return 500 Fund         

  2010  $92,154  $15,861  $0 
</R>         

  2009  $43,601  $7,858  $0 

<R>         
Putnam Absolute  2011  $39,733  $8,454  $0 
Return 700 Fund         

  2010  $41,497  $7,556  $0 
</R>         

  2009  $33,916  $5,383  $0 

 

I-35 

 



Investor servicing fees

<R>

During the 2011 fiscal year, each fund incurred the following in fees for investor servicing provided by Putnam Investor Services, Inc.

</R>

Fund name  Investor Servicing Fees 

<R>   
Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund  $515,459 

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund  $1,910,014 

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund  $1,607,364 

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund  $1,403,190 

</R>   

 

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

Other accounts managed

The following tables show the number and approximate assets of other investment accounts (or portions of investment accounts) that the funds’ portfolio managers managed as of the funds’ most recent fiscal year -end. The other accounts may include accounts for which the individuals were not designated as a portfolio manager. Unless noted, none of the other accounts pays a fee based on the account's performance.

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund

          Other accounts (including 
          separate accounts, managed 
      Other accounts that pool  account programs and single- 
Portfolio  Other SEC-registered open-  assets from more than one  sponsor defined contribution 
managers  end and closed-end funds  client  plan offerings) 

  Number    Number    Number   
  of    of    of   
  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets 

<R>             
D. William Kohli  15*  $9,184,400,000  19**  $4,841,400,000  14***  $11,722,000,000 

Kevin Murphy  24*  $11,407,800,000  20+  $5,603,600,000  11  $6,540,400,000 

Michael Salm  29*  $14,043,100,000  25+  $8,643,000,000  18++  $7,670,500,000 

Paul Scanlon  26*  $12,170,700,000  24+++  $5,377,400,000  10  $1,950,400,000 

Raman Srivastava  25*  $11,800,300,000  20+  $7,063,600,000  13  $12,825,000,000 

 

* 4 accounts, with total assets of $2,637,500,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

 

I-36 

 



** 1 account, with total assets of $72,400,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.

*** 1 account, with total assets of $459,700,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.

+ 2 accounts, with total assets of $137,100,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

++ 3 accounts, with total assets of $477,300,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

+++ 3 accounts, with total assets of $242,900,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund

          Other accounts (including 
          separate accounts, managed 
      Other accounts that pool  account programs and 
Portfolio  Other SEC-registered open-  assets from more than one  single-sponsor defined 
managers  end and closed-end funds  client  contribution plan offerings) 

  Number    Number    Number   
  of    of    of   
  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets 

<R>             
D. William Kohli  15*  $8,029,400,000  19**  $4,841,400,000  14***  $11,722,000,000 

Kevin Murphy  24*  $10,252,700,000  20+  $5,603,600,000  11  $6,540,400,000 

Michael Salm  29*  $12,888,100,000  25+  $8,643,000,000  18++  $7,670,500,000 

Paul Scanlon  26*  $11,015,700,000  24+++  $5,377,400,000  10  $1,950,400,000 

Raman Srivastava  25*  $10,645,300,000  20+  $7,063,600,000  13  $12,825,000,000 

 

* 4 accounts, with total assets of $2,637,500,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

** 1 account, with total assets of $72,400,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.

*** 1 account, with total assets of $459,700,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.

+ 2 accounts, with total assets of $137,100,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

++ 3 accounts, with total assets of $477,300,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

+++ 3 accounts, with total assets of $242,900,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

</R>

I-37 

 



Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund

          Other accounts (including 
          separate accounts, managed 
      Other accounts that pool  account programs and 
Portfolio  Other SEC-registered open-  assets from more than one  single-sponsor defined 
managers  end and closed-end funds  client  contribution plan offerings) 

  Number    Number    Number   
  of    of    of   
  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets 

<R>             
Jeffrey Knight  128*  $5,899,700,000  5**  $2,238,000,000  3***  $356,800,000 

James Fetch  13*  $4,461,500,000  4**  $2,146,700,000  3***  $356,300,000 

Robert Kea  128*  $5,899,700,000  5**  $2,238,000,000  1  $100,000 

Joshua Kutin+  33++  $1,950,100,000  4+++  $2,366,600,000  3<  $359,600,000 

Robert Schoen  128*  $5,899,700,000  5**  $2,238,000,000  1  $400,000 

Jason Vaillancourt  13*  $4,461,500,000  4**  $2,146,700,000  1  $100,000 

 

* 3 accounts, with total assets of $1,538,200,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.


** 1 account, with total assets of $317,400,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.


*** 2 accounts, with total assets of $356,100,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.


+ Information for Mr. Kutin, who joined the fund after the fund’s fiscal year end, is as of January 31, 2012.


++ 2 accounts, with total assets of $1,516,100,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.


+++ 1 account, with total assets of $337,300,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.


< 2 accounts, with total assets of $358,800,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

</R>

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund

          Other accounts (including 
          separate accounts, managed 
      Other accounts that pool  account programs and 
Portfolio  Other SEC-registered open-  assets from more than one  single-sponsor defined 
managers  end and closed-end funds  client  contribution plan offerings) 

  Number    Number    Number   
  of    of    of   
  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets 

<R>             
Jeffrey Knight  128*  $5,994,600,000  5**  $2,238,000,000  3***  $356,800,000 

James Fetch  13*  $4,556,400,000  4**  $2,146,700,000  3***  $356,300,000 

Robert Kea  128*  $5,994,600,000  5**  $2,238,000,000  1  $100,000 

Joshua Kutin+  33++  $2,080,600,000  4+++  $2,366,600,000  3<  $359,600,000 

Robert Schoen  128*  $5,994,600,000  5**  $2,238,000,000  1  $400,000 

Jason Vaillancourt  13*  $4,556,400,000  4**  $2,146,700,000  1  $100,000 

 

* 3 accounts, with total assets of $1,538,200,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.


** 1 account, with total assets of $317,400,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.


*** 2 accounts, with total assets of $356,100,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.


+ Information for Mr. Kutin, who joined the fund after the fund’s fiscal year end, is as of January 31, 2012.


++ 2 accounts, with total assets of $1,516,100,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.


+++ 1 account, with total assets of $337,300,000, pays an advisory fee based on account performance.


< 2 accounts, with total assets of $358,800,000, pay an advisory fee based on account performance.

</R>

I-38 

 



See “Management - Portfolio Transactions - Potential conflicts of interest in managing multiple accounts” in Part II of this SAI for information on how Putnam Management addresses potential conflicts of interest resulting from an individual's management of more than one account.

Compensation of portfolio managers.

<R>

Putnam’s goal for its products and investors is to deliver strong performance versus peers or performance ahead of the applicable benchmark, depending on the product, over a rolling 3-year period. Portfolio managers are evaluated and compensated, in part, based on their performance relative to this goal across the products they manage. In addition to their individual performance, evaluations take into account the performance of their group and a subjective component.

</R>

Each portfolio manager is assigned an industry competitive incentive compensation target consistent with this goal and evaluation framework. Actual incentive compensation may be higher or lower than the target, based on individual, group, and subjective performance, and may also reflect the performance of Putnam as a firm. Typically, performance is measured over the lesser of three years or the length of time a portfolio manager has managed a product.

Incentive compensation includes a cash bonus and may also include grants of deferred cash, stock or options. In addition to incentive compensation, portfolio managers receive fixed annual salaries typically based on level of responsibility and experience.

For these funds, Putnam evaluates performance based on each fund's pre-tax return relative to the BofA Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index.

Ownership of securities

The dollar range of shares of the funds owned by each portfolio manager at the end of the funds’ last fiscal year, including investments by immediate family members and amounts invested through retirement and deferred compensation plans, was as follows:

I-39 

 



    Dollar range of shares 
Fund name  Portfolio managers  owned 

<R>     
Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund  D. William Kohli  $0 
</R>     

  Kevin F. Murphy  $0 

  Michael V. Salm  $0 

  Paul D. Scanlon  $0 

  Raman Srivastava  $0 

<R>     
Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund  D. William Kohli  $500-001-$1,000,000 

  Kevin F. Murphy  $10,001-$50,000 
</R>     

  Michael V. Salm  $0 

  Paul D. Scanlon  $0 

<R>     
  Raman Srivastava  $100,001 – $500,000 
</R>     

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund  Jeffrey L. Knight  $50,001 – 100,000 

  James A. Fetch  $0 

  Robert J. Kea  $0 

<R>     
  Joshua B. Kutin  $0 
</R>     

  Robert J. Schoen  $0 

  Jason R. Vaillancourt  $0 

<R>     
Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund  Jeffrey L. Knight  Over $1 million 
</R>     

  James A. Fetch  $0 

  Robert J. Kea  $0 

<R>     
  Joshua B. Kutin  $0 
</R>     

  Robert J. Schoen  $0 

  Jason R. Vaillancourt  $10,001 – 50,000 

 

I-40 

 



INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Absolute Return 100 and 300 Funds

KPMG LLP, Two Financial Center, 60 South Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, is the funds’ independent registered public accounting firm providing audit services, tax return review and other tax consulting services and assistance and consultation in connection with the review of various Securities and Exchange Commission filings. The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial highlights and financial statements included in the funds’ Annual Report for the funds’ most recent fiscal year are included as Appendix B to this SAI. The financial highlights included in the prospectus and this SAI and the financial statements included in this SAI (which is incorporated by reference into the prospectus) have been so included in reliance upon the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm, given on their authority as experts in auditing and accounting.

Absolute Return 500 and 700 Funds

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 125 High Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, is the funds’ independent registered public accounting firm providing audit services, tax return review and other tax consulting services and assistance and consultation in connection with the review of various Securities and Exchange Commission filings. The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial highlights and financial statements included in the funds’ Annual Report for the funds’ most recent fiscal year are included as Appendix B to this SAI. The financial highlights included in the prospectus and this SAI and the financial statements included in this SAI (which is incorporated by reference into the prospectus) have been so included in reliance upon the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm, given on their authority as experts in auditing and accounting.

I-41 

 



THE PUTNAM FUNDS
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (“SAI”) 
PART II

 

HOW TO BUY SHARES

Each prospectus describes briefly how investors may buy shares of the fund and identifies the share classes offered by that prospectus. Because of different sales charges and expenses, the investment performance of the classes will vary. This section of the SAI contains more information on how to buy shares. For more information, including your eligibility to purchase certain classes of shares, contact your investment dealer or Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581. Investors who purchase shares at net asset value through employer-sponsored defined contribution plans should also consult their employer for information about the extent to which the matters described in this section and in the sections that follow apply to them.

General Information

The fund is currently making a continuous offering of its shares. The fund receives the entire net asset value of shares sold. The fund will accept unconditional orders for shares to be executed at the public offering price based on the net asset value per share next determined after the order is placed. In the case of class A shares and class M shares, the public offering price is the net asset value plus the applicable sales charge, if any. (The public offering price is thus calculable by dividing the net asset value by 100% minus the sales charge, expressed as a percentage.) No sales charge is included in the public offering price of other classes of shares. In the case of orders for purchase of shares placed through dealers, the public offering price will be based on the net asset value determined on the day the order is placed, but only if the dealer or a registered transfer agent or registered clearing agent receives the order, together with all required identifying information, before the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”). If the dealer or registered transfer agent or registered clearing agent receives the order after the close of the Exchange, the price will be based on the net asset value next determined. If funds for the purchase of shares are sent directly to Putnam Investor Services, they will be invested at the public offering price based on the net asset value next determined after all required identifying information has been collected. Payment for shares of the fund must be in U.S. dollars; if made by check, the check must be drawn on a U.S. bank.

Initial purchases are subject to the minimums stated in the prospectus, except that (i) individual investments under certain employee benefit plans or Tax Qualified Retirement Plans may be lower, and (ii) the minimum investment is waived for investors participating in systematic investment plans or military allotment plans. Information about these plans is available from investment dealers or Putnam Investor Services. Currently Putnam is waiving the minimum for all initial purchases, but reserves the right to reject initial purchases under the minimum in the future, except as noted in the first sentence of this paragraph.

Systematic investment plan. As a convenience to investors, shares may be purchased through a systematic investment plan. Pre-authorized monthly, semi-monthly, or weekly bank drafts for a fixed amount ($200,000 or less) are used to purchase fund shares at the applicable public offering price next determined after Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership (“Putnam Retail Management”) receives the proceeds from the draft. A shareholder may choose any date or dates in the month for these drafts, but if the date falls on a weekend or holiday, the draft will be processed on the next business day. Further information and application forms are available from the investment dealers or from Putnam Retail Management.

February 17, 2012  II-1 

 



Reinvestment of distributions. Distributions to be reinvested are reinvested without a sales charge in shares of the same class as of the ex-dividend date using the net asset value determined on that date, and are credited to a shareholder's account on the payment date. Dividends for Putnam money market funds are credited to a shareholder's account on the payment date. Distributions for all other funds that declare a distribution daily are reinvested without a sales charge as of the last day of the period for which distributions are paid using the net asset value determined on that date, and are credited to a shareholder's account on the payment date.

Purchasing shares with securities (“in-kind” purchases). In addition to cash, the fund will consider accepting securities as payment for fund shares at the applicable net asset value. Generally, the fund will only consider accepting securities to increase its holdings in a portfolio security, or if Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam Management”) determines that the offered securities are a suitable investment for the fund and in a sufficient amount for efficient management.

While no minimum has been established, it is expected that the fund would not accept securities with a value of less than $100,000 per issue as payment for shares. The fund may reject in whole or in part any or all offers to pay for purchases of fund shares with securities, may require partial payment in cash for such purchases to provide funds for applicable sales charges, and may discontinue accepting securities as payment for fund shares at any time without notice. The fund will value accepted securities in the manner described in the section "Determination of Net Asset Value" for valuing shares of the fund. The fund will only accept securities that are delivered in proper form. The fund will not accept certain securities, for example, options or restricted securities, as payment for shares. The acceptance of securities by certain funds in exchange for fund shares is subject to additional requirements. For federal income tax purposes, a purchase of fund shares with securities will be treated as a sale or exchange of such securities on which the investor will generally realize a taxable gain or loss. The processing of a purchase of fund shares with securities involves certain delays while the fund considers the suitability of such securities and while other requirements are satisfied. For information regarding procedures for payment in securities, contact Putnam Retail Management. Investors should not send securities to the fund except when authorized to do so and in accordance with specific instructions received from Putnam Retail Management.

Sales Charges and Other Share Class Features—Retail Investors

This section describes certain key features of share classes offered to retail investors and retirement plans that do not purchase shares at net asset value. Much of this information addresses the sales charges, including initial sales charges and contingent deferred sales charges (“CDSCs”) imposed on the different share classes and various commission payments made by Putnam to dealers and other financial intermediaries facilitating shareholders’ investments. This information supplements the descriptions of these share classes and payments included in the prospectus.

Initial sales charges, dealer commissions and CDSCs on shares sold outside the United States may differ from those applied to U.S. sales.

Initial sales charges for class A and class M shares. The public offering price of class A and class M shares is the net asset value plus a sales charge that varies depending on the size of your purchase (calculable as described above). The fund receives the net asset value. The tables below indicate the sales charges applicable to purchases of class A and class M shares of the funds by style category. The variations in sales charges reflect the varying efforts required to sell shares to different categories of purchasers.

The sales charge is allocated between your investment dealer and Putnam Retail Management as shown in the tables below, except when Putnam Retail Management, in its discretion, allocates the entire amount to your investment dealer.

February 17, 2012  II-2 

 



The underwriter's commission, or dealer reallowance, is the sales charge shown in the prospectus less any applicable dealer discount. Putnam Retail Management will give dealers ten days' notice of any changes in the dealer discount. Putnam Retail Management retains the entire sales charge on any retail sales made by it.

For purchases of class A shares by retail investors that qualify for the highest sales charge breakpoint described in the prospectus, Putnam Retail Management pays commissions on sales during the one-year period beginning with the date of the initial purchase qualifying for that breakpoint. Each subsequent one-year measuring period for these purposes begins with the first qualifying purchase following the end of the prior period. These commissions are paid at the rate of 1.00% of the amount of qualifying purchases up to $4 million, 0.50% of the next $46 million of qualifying purchases and 0.25% of qualifying purchases thereafter.

For Growth Funds, Blend Funds, Value Funds, Asset Allocation Funds (excluding funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite), Global Sector Funds and RetirementReady® Funds only:

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 50,000  5.75%  5.00%  3.50%  3.00% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.50  3.75  2.50  2.00 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.50  2.75  1.50  1.00 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.50  2.00  1.00  1.00 
500,000 but under 1,000,000  2.00  1.75  1.00  1.00 
1,000,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A*  N/A* 

 

For Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund only:

 

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 50,000  5.75%  5.00%  3.50%  3.00% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.50  3.75  2.50  2.00 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.50  2.75  1.50  1.00 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.50  2.00  1.00  1.00 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A**  N/A** 

 

February 17, 2012  II-3 

 



For funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite, Taxable Income Funds and Tax-Free Income Funds (except for Money Market Funds, Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund):

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 50,000  4.00%  3.50%  3.25%  3.00% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.00  3.50  2.25  2.00 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.25  2.75  1.25  1.00 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.50  2.00  1.00  1.00 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A**  N/A** 

 

For Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund only:

 

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 500,000  1.00%  1.00%  0.75%  0.75% 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A**  N/A** 

 

*The funds will not accept purchase orders for class M shares (other than by qualified employee-benefit plans) where the total of the current purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation (as described below) is $1 million or more.

**The funds will not accept purchase orders for class M shares (other than by qualified employee-benefit plans) where the total of the current purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation (as described below) is $500,000 or more.

Purchases of $500,000 or more of class A shares. (For funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite, Taxable Income Funds (excluding Putnam money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund), Tax-Free Income Funds and Absolute Return Funds only) Purchases of class A shares of one or more Putnam funds of $500,000 or more are not subject to an initial sales charge, but shares purchased by investors other than qualified benefit plans are subject to a CDSC of 1.00% if redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of that purchase falls. The conditions above will apply unless the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, (i) waived its commission or (ii) agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management if a CDSC would otherwise apply.

February 17, 2012  II-4 

 



Subject to the exceptions stated in the preceding paragraph, a deferred sales charge of 1.00% will apply to class A shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund and to class A and class T shares of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund that are obtained by exchanging shares from another Putnam fund that were originally purchased without an initial sales charge (if such original purchase was made at net asset value because it was in an amount equal to $500,000 or more), if the shares are redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of the original purchase falls.

The CDSC assessed on redemptions of fewer than all of an investor's class A shares (and, for Putnam Money Market Fund, class T shares) subject to a CDSC will be based on the amount of the redemption minus the amount of any appreciation on the investor's CDSC-subject shares since the purchase of such shares. The CDSC assessed on full redemptions of CDSC-subject shares will be based on the lower of the shares' cost and current NAV. Putnam Retail Management will retain any CDSC imposed on redemptions of such shares to compensate it for the up-front commissions paid to financial intermediaries for such share sales.

Purchases of $1,000,000 or more of class A shares. (For Growth Funds, Blend Funds, Value Funds, Asset Allocation Funds (excluding funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite), Global Sector Funds and RetirementReady® Funds only) Purchases of class A shares of one or more Putnam funds of $1 million or more are not subject to an initial sales charge, but shares purchased by investors other than qualified benefit plans are subject to a CDSC of 1.00% if redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of that purchase falls. The conditions above will apply unless the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, (i) waived its commission or (ii) agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management if a CDSC would otherwise apply.

Subject to the exceptions stated in the preceding paragraph, a deferred sales charge of 1.00% will apply to class A shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund and to class A and class T shares of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund that are obtained by exchanging shares from another Putnam fund that were originally purchased without an initial sales charge (if such original purchase was made at net asset value because it was in an amount equal to $1 million or more), if the shares are redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of the original purchase falls.

The CDSC assessed on redemptions of fewer than all of an investor's class A shares (or, for Putnam Money Market Fund, class T shares) subject to a CDSC will be based on the amount of the redemption minus the amount of any appreciation on the investor's CDSC-subject shares since the purchase of such shares. The CDSC assessed on full redemptions of CDSC-subject shares will be based on the lower of the shares' cost and current NAV. Putnam Retail Management will retain any CDSC imposed on redemptions of such shares to compensate it for the up-front commissions paid to financial intermediaries for such share sales.

Purchases of class A shares for rollover IRAs. Purchases of class A shares for a Putnam Rollover IRA or a rollover IRA of a Putnam affiliate, from a retirement plan for which an affiliate of Putnam Management or a business partner of such affiliate is the administrator, including subsequent contributions, are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC. Putnam Retail Management may pay commissions or finders’ fees of up to 1.00% of the proceeds for such Putnam Rollover IRA purchases to the dealer of record or other third party.

Contingent sales charges for class M shares (rollover IRAs). Purchases of class M shares for a Putnam Rollover IRA with proceeds in any amount from a retirement plan for which an affiliate of Putnam Management or a business partner of such affiliate is the administrator are not subject to an initial sales charge but may be subject to a CDSC on shares redeemed within one year of purchase at the rates set forth below, which are equal to commissions Putnam Retail Management pays to the dealer of record at the time of the sale of class M shares. These purchases will not be subject to a CDSC if the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, waived its commission or agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management if a CDSC would otherwise apply.

February 17, 2012  II-5 

 



  Class M CDSC and dealer commission 
All growth, blend, value, global sector and asset allocation   
funds (excluding funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle  0.65% 
suite), Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam   
Absolute Return 700 Fund:   
All income funds (except Putnam Floating Rate Income   
Fund and Putnam Money Market Fund) and funds in the  0.40% 
Retirement Income Lifestyle suite:   
Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute  0.30% 
Return 300 Fund and Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund   
Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration  0.15% 
Income Fund   

 

Commission payments and CDSCs for class B and class C shares. Except in the case of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund as noted below, Putnam Retail Management will pay a 4% commission on sales of class B shares of the fund only to those financial intermediaries who have entered into service agreements with Putnam Retail Management. For tax-exempt funds, this commission includes a 0.20% pre-paid service fee (except for Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund and Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund, each of which has a 0.25% pre-paid service fee). For Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Retail Management will pay a 1.00% commission to financial intermediaries selling class B shares of the fund.

Except in the case of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund, Putnam Retail Management pays financial intermediaries a 1.00% commission on sales of class C shares of a fund.

Putnam Retail Management will retain any CDSC imposed on redemptions of class B and class C shares to compensate it for the cost of paying the up-front commissions paid to financial intermediaries for class B or class C share sales. Purchases of class C shares may be made without a CDSC if the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, waived its commission or agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management.

Conversion of class B shares into class A shares. Class B shares will automatically convert to class A shares on or around the end of the month eight years after the purchase date (for Putnam Small Cap Value Fund, on or around the end of the month six years after the purchase date; and for Multi-Cap Value Fund, on or around the end of the month five and one-half years after the purchase date). Class B shares acquired by exchanging class B shares of another Putnam fund will convert to class A shares based on the time of the initial purchase. The conversion period of the acquired fund will apply, unless the initial fund’s CDSC schedule is higher than that of the acquired fund. In that case, the conversion period and CDSC schedule of the initial fund will apply. Class B shares acquired through reinvestment of distributions will convert to class A shares based on the date of the initial purchase to which such shares relate. For this purpose, class B shares acquired through reinvestment of distributions will be attributed to particular purchases of class B shares in accordance with such procedures as the Trustees may determine from time to time. The conversion of class B shares to class A shares is subject to the condition that such conversions will not constitute taxable events for Federal tax purposes. Shareholders should consult with their tax advisers regarding the state and local tax consequences of the conversion of class B shares to class A shares, or any other exchange or conversion of shares. Average annual total return performance information for class B shares shown in the fund's prospectus does not assume conversion to class A shares.

February 17, 2012  II-6 

 



Sales without sales charges, contingent deferred sales charges or short-term trading fees

The fund may sell shares without a sales charge or CDSC to the following categories of investors:

(i) current and former Trustees of the fund, their family members, business and personal associates; current and former employees of Putnam Management and certain current and former corporate affiliates, their family members, business and personal associates; employee benefit plans for the foregoing; and partnerships, trusts or other entities in which any of the foregoing has a substantial interest;

(ii) employer-sponsored retirement plans, for the repurchase of shares in connection with repayment of plan loans made to plan participants (if the sum loaned was obtained by redeeming shares of a Putnam fund sold with a sales charge) (not applicable to tax-exempt funds);

(iii) clients of administrators or other service providers of employer-sponsored benefit plans which have entered into agreements with Putnam Retail Management (not applicable to tax-exempt funds);

(iv) registered representatives and other employees of broker-dealers having sales agreements with Putnam Retail Management; employees of financial institutions having sales agreements with Putnam Retail Management or otherwise having an arrangement with any such broker-dealer or financial institution with respect to sales of fund shares; and their immediate family members (spouses and children under age 21, including step-children and adopted children);

(v) investors meeting certain requirements who sold shares of certain Putnam closed-end funds pursuant to a tender offer by such closed-end fund;

(vi) a trust department of any financial institution purchasing shares of the fund in its capacity as trustee of any trust (other than a tax-qualified retirement plan trust), through an arrangement approved by Putnam Retail Management, if the value of the shares of the fund and other Putnam funds purchased or held by all such trusts exceeds $1 million in the aggregate;

(vii) "wrap accounts" maintained for clients of broker-dealers, financial institutions or financial intermediaries who have entered into agreements with Putnam Retail Management with respect to such accounts;

(viii) college savings plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment under section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); and

(ix) investors who invest liquidation proceeds from Putnam closed-end funds.

In the case of paragraph (i) above, the availability of shares at NAV has been determined to be appropriate because involvement by Putnam Retail Management and other brokers in purchases by these investors is typically minimal.

In addition to the categories enumerated above, in connection with settlements reached between certain firms and the Financial Industry Regulating Authority (“FINRA”) and/or Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding sales of class B and class C shares in excess of certain dollar thresholds, the fund will permit shareholders who are clients of these firms (and applicable affiliates of such firms) to redeem class B and class C shares of the fund and concurrently purchase class A shares (in an amount to be determined by the dealer of record and Putnam Retail Management in accordance with the terms of the applicable settlement) without paying an initial sales charge.

February 17, 2012  II-7 

 



The fund may issue its shares at net asset value without an initial sales charge or a CDSC in connection with the acquisition of substantially all of the securities owned by other investment companies or personal holding companies. The CDSC will be waived on redemptions to pay premiums for insurance under Putnam’s insured investor program.

Application of CDSC to Systematic Withdrawal Plans (“SWP”). Investors who set up a SWP for a share account (see "INVESTOR SERVICES — Plans Available to Shareholders -- Systematic Withdrawal Plan") may withdraw through the SWP up to 12% of the net asset value of the account (calculated as set forth below) each year without incurring any CDSC. Shares not subject to a CDSC (such as shares representing reinvestment of distributions) will be redeemed first and will count toward the 12% limitation. If there are insufficient shares not subject to a CDSC, shares subject to the lowest CDSC liability will be redeemed next until the 12% limit is reached. The 12% figure is calculated on a pro rata basis at the time of the first payment made pursuant to an SWP and recalculated thereafter on a pro rata basis at the time of each SWP payment. Therefore, shareholders who have chosen an SWP based on a percentage of the net asset value of their account of up to 12% will be able to receive SWP payments without incurring a CDSC. However, shareholders who have chosen a specific dollar amount (for example, $100 per month from the fund that pays income distributions monthly) for their periodic SWP payment should be aware that the amount of that payment not subject to a CDSC may vary over time depending on the net asset value of their account. For example, if the net asset value of the account is $10,000 at the time of payment, the shareholder will receive $100 free of the CDSC (12% of $10,000 divided by 12 monthly payments). However, if at the time of the next payment the net asset value of the account has fallen to $9,400, the shareholder will receive $94 free of any CDSC (12% of $9,400 divided by 12 monthly payments) and $6 subject to the lowest applicable CDSC. This SWP privilege may be revised or terminated at any time.

Other exceptions to application of CDSC. No CDSC is imposed on the redemption of shares of any class subject to a CDSC to the extent that the shares redeemed (i) are no longer subject to the holding period therefor, (ii) resulted from reinvestment of distributions, or (iii) were exchanged for shares of another Putnam fund, provided that the shares acquired in such exchange or subsequent exchanges (including shares of a Putnam money market fund or Putnam Short Duration Income Fund) will continue to remain subject to the CDSC, if applicable, until the applicable holding period expires. In determining whether the CDSC applies to each redemption, shares not subject to a CDSC are redeemed first.

The fund will waive any CDSC on redemptions, in the case of individual, joint or Uniform Transfers to Minors Act accounts, in the event of death or post-purchase disability of a shareholder, for the purpose of paying benefits pursuant to tax-qualified retirement plans ("Benefit Payments"), or, in the case of living trust accounts, in the event of the death or post-purchase disability of the settlor of the trust. Benefit Payments currently include, without limitation, (1) distributions from an IRA due to death or post-purchase disability, (2) a return of excess contributions to an IRA or 401(k) plan, and (3) distributions from retirement plans qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code or from a 403(b) plan due to death, disability, retirement or separation from service. These waivers may be changed at any time.

Exceptions to application of short-term trading fee. In addition to the exceptions noted in the fund’s prospectus, the short-term trading fee will not apply in circumstances in which a CDSC would be waived as stated above under “Other exceptions to application of CDSC.”

Ways to Reduce Initial Sales Charges—Class A and M Shares

There are several ways in which an investor may obtain reduced sales charges on purchases of class A shares and class M shares. The variations in sales charges reflect the varying efforts required to sell shares to separate categories of purchasers. These provisions may be altered or discontinued at any time.

February 17, 2012  II-8 

 



Right of accumulation. A purchaser of class A shares or class M shares may qualify for a right of accumulation discount by combining all current purchases by such person with the value of certain other shares of any class of Putnam funds already owned. The applicable sales charge is based on the total of:

(i) the investor's current purchase(s); and

(ii) the higher of (x) the maximum public offering price (at the close of business on the previous day) or (y) the initial value of total purchases (less the value of shares redeemed on the applicable redemption date) of:

(a) all shares held in accounts registered to the investor and other accounts eligible to be linked to the investor’s accounts (as described below) in all of the Putnam funds (except closed-end and money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund, unless acquired as described in (b) below); and

(b) any shares of money market funds or Putnam Short Duration Income Fund acquired by exchange from other Putnam funds.

For shares held on December 31, 2007, the initial value will be the value of those shares at the maximum public offering price on that date.

The following persons may qualify for a right of accumulation discount:

(i) an individual, or a "company" as defined in Section 2(a)(8) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) (which includes corporations which are corporate affiliates of each other);

(ii) an individual, his or her spouse and their children under age 21, purchasing for his, her or their own account;

(iii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing for a single trust estate or single fiduciary account (including a pension, profit-sharing, or other employee benefit trust created pursuant to a plan qualified under Section 401 of the Code and Simplified Employer Pension Plans (SEPs) created pursuant to Section 408(k) of the Code);

(iv) tax-exempt organizations qualifying under Section 501(c)(3) of the Code, (not including tax-exempt organizations qualifying under Section 403(b)(7) (a "403(b) plan") of the Code; and

(v) employee benefit plans of a single employer or of affiliated employers, other than 403(b) plans.

A combined purchase currently may also include shares of any class of other continuously offered Putnam funds (other than money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund) purchased at the same time, if the dealer places the order for such shares directly with Putnam Retail Management.

For individual investors, Putnam Investor Services automatically links accounts the registrations of which are under the same last name and address. Account types eligible to be linked for the purpose of qualifying for a right of accumulation discount include the following (in each case as registered to the investor, his or her spouse and his or her children under the age of 21):

(i) individual accounts;

(ii) joint accounts;

(iii) accounts established as part of a plan established pursuant to Section 403(b) of the Code (“403(b) plans”) or an IRA other than a Simple IRA, SARSEP or SEP IRA;

February 17, 2012  II-9 

 



(iv) shares owned through accounts in the name of the investor’s (or spouse’s or minor child’s) dealer or other financial intermediary (with documentation identifying to the satisfaction of Putnam Investor Services the beneficial ownership of such shares); and

(v) accounts established as part of a Section 529 college savings plan managed by Putnam Management.

Shares owned by a plan participant as part of an employee benefit plan of a single employer or of affiliated employers (other than 403(b) plans) or a single fiduciary account opened by a trustee or other fiduciary (including a pension, profit-sharing, or other employee benefit trust created pursuant to a plan qualified under Section 401 of the Code) are not eligible for linking to other accounts attributable to such person to qualify for the right of accumulation discount, although all current purchases made by each such plan may be combined with existing aggregate balances of such plan in Putnam funds for purposes of determining the sales charge applicable to shares purchased at such time by the plan.

To obtain the right of accumulation discount on a purchase through an investment dealer, when each purchase is made the investor or dealer must provide Putnam Retail Management with sufficient information to verify that the purchase qualifies for the privilege or discount. The shareholder must furnish this information to Putnam Investor Services when making direct cash investments. Sales charge discounts under a right of accumulation apply only to current purchases. No credit for right of accumulation purposes is given for any higher sales charge paid with respect to previous purchases for the investor’s account or any linked accounts.

Statement of Intention. Investors may also obtain the reduced sales charges for class A shares or class M shares shown in the prospectus for investments of a particular amount by means of a written Statement of Intention (also referred to as a Letter of Intention), which expresses the investor's intention to invest that amount (including certain "credits," as described below) within a period of 13 months in shares of any class of the fund or any other continuously offered Putnam fund (excluding Putnam money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund), including through an account established as part of a Section 529 college savings plan managed by Putnam Management. Each purchase of class A shares or class M shares under a Statement of Intention will be made at the lesser of (i) the public offering price applicable at the time of such purchase and (ii) the public offering price applicable on the date the Statement of Intention is executed to a single transaction of the total dollar amount indicated in the Statement of Intention.

An investor may receive a credit toward the amount indicated in the Statement of Intention equal to the maximum public offering price as of the close of business on the previous day of all shares he or she owns, or which are eligible to be linked for purposes of the right of accumulation described above, on the date of the Statement of Intention which are eligible for purchase under a Statement of Intention (plus any shares of money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund acquired by exchange of such eligible shares). Investors do not receive credit for shares purchased by the reinvestment of distributions. Investors qualifying for the "combined purchase privilege" (see above) may purchase shares under a single Statement of Intention.

The Statement of Intention is not a binding obligation upon the investor to purchase the full amount indicated. The minimum initial investment under a Statement of Intention is 5% of such amount, and must be invested immediately. Class A shares or class M shares purchased with the first 5% of such amount will be held in escrow to secure payment of the higher sales charge applicable to the shares actually purchased if the full amount indicated is not purchased. When the full amount indicated has been purchased, the escrow will be released. If an investor desires to redeem escrowed shares before the full amount has been purchased, the shares will be released from escrow only if the investor pays the sales charge that, without regard to the Statement of Intention, would apply to the total investment made to date.

If an investor purchases more than the dollar amount indicated on the Statement of Intention and qualifies for a further reduced sales charge, the sales charge will be adjusted for the entire amount purchased at the end of the 13-month period, upon recovery from the investor's dealer of its portion of the sales charge adjustment. Once received from the dealer, which may take a period of time or may never occur, the sales charge adjustment will

February 17, 2012  II-10 

 



be used to purchase additional shares at the then current offering price applicable to the actual amount of the aggregate purchases. These additional shares will not be considered as part of the total investment for the purpose of determining the applicable sales charge pursuant to the Statement of Intention. No sales charge adjustment will be made unless and until the investor's dealer returns any excess commissions previously received.

If an investor purchases less than the dollar amount indicated on the Statement of Intention within the 13-month period, the sales charge will be adjusted upward for the entire amount purchased at the end of the 13-month period. This adjustment will be made by redeeming shares from the account to cover the additional sales charge, the proceeds of which will be paid to the investor's dealer and Putnam Retail Management. Putnam Retail Management will make a corresponding downward adjustment to the amount of the reallowance payable to the dealer with respect to purchases made prior to the investor’s failure to fulfill the conditions of the Statement of Intention. If the account exceeds an amount that would otherwise qualify for a reduced sales charge, that reduced sales charge will be applied. Adjustments to sales charges and dealer reallowances will not be made in the case of the shareholder’s death prior to the expiration of the 13-month period.

Statements of Intention are not available for certain employee benefit plans.

Statement of Intention forms may be obtained from Putnam Retail Management or from investment dealers. In addition, shareholders may complete the applicable portion of the fund’s standard account application. Interested investors should read the Statement of Intention carefully.

Commissions on Sales to Employee Benefit Plans

Purchases of class A and class R shares. On sales of class A shares at net asset value to certain qualified benefit plans and health reimbursement accounts and sales of class R shares, Putnam Retail Management may, at its discretion, pay commissions to the dealer of record on net monthly purchases up to the following rates: 1.00% of the first $1 million, 0.75% of the next $1 million and 0.50% thereafter.

For commission payments made by Putnam Retail Management to dealers and other financial intermediaries with respect to other classes of shares offered to employee benefit plans and other tax-favored plan investors, see the corresponding sub-heading under “—Sales Charges and Other Share Class Features—Retail Investors.”

DISTRIBUTION PLANS

If the fund or a class of shares of the fund has adopted a distribution (12b-1) plan, the prospectus describes the principal features of the plan. This SAI contains additional information which may be of interest to investors.

Continuance of a plan is subject to annual approval by a vote of the Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the fund and who have no direct or indirect interest in the plan or related arrangements (the "Qualified Trustees"), cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. All material amendments to a plan must be likewise approved by the Trustees and the Qualified Trustees. No plan may be amended in order to increase materially the costs which the fund may bear for distribution pursuant to such plan without also being approved by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the fund or the relevant class of the fund, as the case may be. A plan terminates automatically in the event of its assignment and may be terminated without penalty, at any time, by a vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the fund or the relevant class of the fund, as the case may be.

February 17, 2012  II-11 

 



The fund makes payments under each plan to Putnam Retail Management to compensate Putnam Retail Management for services provided and expenses incurred by it for purposes of promoting the sale of the relevant class of shares, reducing redemptions of shares or maintaining or improving services provided to shareholders by Putnam Retail Management and investment dealers.

Putnam Retail Management compensates qualifying dealers (including, for this purpose, certain financial institutions) for sales of shares and the maintenance of shareholder accounts.

Putnam Retail Management may suspend or modify its payments to dealers. The payments are also subject to the continuation of the relevant distribution plan, the terms of the service agreements between the dealers and Putnam Retail Management and any applicable limits imposed by FINRA.

Financial institutions receiving payments from Putnam Retail Management as described above may be required to comply with various state and federal regulatory requirements, including among others those regulating the activities of securities brokers or dealers.

Except as otherwise agreed between Putnam Retail Management and a dealer, for purposes of determining the amounts payable to dealers for shareholder accounts for which such dealers are designated as the dealer of record, "average net asset value" means the product of (i) the average daily share balance in such account(s) and (ii) the average daily net asset value of the relevant class of shares over the quarter.

Class A shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at up to the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class A shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record) except as described below. No payments are made during the first year after purchase on shares purchased at net asset value by shareholders that invest at least $1 million, unless the dealer of record has waived the sales commission, or, in the case of dealers of record for a qualified benefit plan investing at least $1 million, where such dealer has agreed to a reduced sales commission.

Rate*  Fund 

0.25%  All funds currently making payments under a class A 
  distribution plan, except for those listed below 

0.20% for shares purchased before 3/21/05;  Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 3/21/05**   

0.20% for shares purchased before 4/1/05;  Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 12/31/89;  Putnam Convertible Securities Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased after 12/31/89  George Putnam Balanced Fund 
  Putnam Global Equity Fund 
  Putnam Global Natural Resources Fund 
  Putnam Global Health Care Fund 
  The Putnam Fund for Growth and Income 
  Putnam Investors Fund 
  Putnam Voyager Fund 

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 3/31/90;  Putnam High Yield Trust 
0.25% for shares purchased after 3/31/90  Putnam U.S. Government Income Trust 

 

February 17, 2012  II-12 

 



Rate*  Fund 

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 1/1/90;  Putnam Equity Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased after 1/1/90   

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 3/31/91;  Putnam Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased after 3/31/91;   

0.10%  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 3/6/92;  Putnam Michigan Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 3/6/92 but before  Putnam Minnesota Tax Exempt Income Fund 
4/1/05;  Putnam Ohio Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 5/11/92;  Putnam Massachusetts Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 5/11/92 but before   
4/1/05;   
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 12/31/92;  Putnam California Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 12/31/92 but  Putnam New Jersey Tax Exempt Income Fund 
before 4/1/05;  Putnam New York Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05  Putnam Tax Exempt Income Fund 

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 3/5/93;  Putnam Arizona Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 3/5/93 but before   
4/1/05;   
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 7/8/93;  Putnam Pennsylvania Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 7/8/93 but before   
4/1/05;   
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.00%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund 

 

*For purposes of this table, shares are deemed to be purchased on date of settlement (i.e., once purchased and paid for). Shares issued in connection with dividend reinvestments are considered to be purchased on the date of their issuance, not the issuance of the original shares.

**Shares of Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund issued in connection with the merger of Putnam Municipal Income Fund into that fund pay a commission at the annual rate of 0.20% or 0.25%, based on the date of the original purchase of the shareholder’s corresponding shares of Putnam Municipal Income Fund, as set forth below: 0.20% for shares purchased on or before 5/7/92; 0.25% for shares purchased after 5/7/92.

Class B shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class B shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record).

February 17, 2012  II-13 

 



Rate  Fund 

0.25%  All funds currently making payments under a class B 
  distribution plan, except for those listed below 

0.25%, except that the first year's service fees of  Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund 
0.25% are prepaid at time of sale  Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund 

0.20%, except that the first year’s service fees of  Putnam Arizona Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% are prepaid at time of sale  Putnam California Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Massachusetts Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Michigan Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Minnesota Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam New Jersey Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam New York Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Ohio Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Pennsylvania Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Tax Exempt Income Fund 

0.00%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

 

Class C shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class C shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record). No payments are made during the first year after purchase unless the shareholder has made arrangements with Putnam Retail Management and the dealer of record has waived the sales commission, except that payments for Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund will be made beginning in the first year.

Rate  Fund 

1.00%  All funds currently making payments under a class C 
  distribution plan, except the fund listed below 

0.50%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

 

February 17, 2012  II-14 

 



Different rates may apply to shares sold outside the United States.

Class M shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class M shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record), except as follows. No payments are made during the first year after purchase on shares purchased at net asset value for Putnam Rollover IRAs, unless the dealer of record has waived the sales commission.

Rate  Fund 

0.65%  All growth, blend, value, global sector and asset 
  allocation funds (excluding funds in the Retirement 
  Income Lifestyle suite) currently making payments 
  under a class M distribution plan, and Putnam 
  Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute 
  Return 700 Fund. 

0.40%  All income funds currently making payments under a 
  class M distribution plan (except for Putnam Floating 
  Rate Income Fund, Putnam Money Market Fund and 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund) and funds in 
  the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite. 

0.30%  Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute 
  Return 300 Fund and Putnam Floating Rate Income 
  Fund 

0.15%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

 

Putnam Retail Management’s payments to dealers for plans investing in class M shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record may equal up to the annual rate of 0.75% of the average net asset value of such class M shares for Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund as well as all growth, blend, value, global sector and asset allocation funds currently making payments under a class M distribution plan and up to the annual rate of 0.50% of the average net asset value of such class M shares for all income funds currently making payments under a class M distribution plan (except for Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund).

Different rates may apply to shares sold outside the United States.

Class R shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at up to the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class R shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record).

Rate  Fund 

0.50%  All funds currently making payments under a class R 
  distribution plan 

 

February 17, 2012  II-15 

 



A portion of the class R distribution fee payable to dealers may be paid to third parties who provide services to plans investing in class R shares and participants in such plans.

Class T shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class T shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record).

Rate  Fund 

0.25%  Putnam Money Market Fund 

 

Additional Dealer Payments

As described earlier in this section, dealers may receive different commissions, sales charge reallowances and other payments with respect to sales of different classes of shares of the funds. These payments may include servicing payments to retirement plan administrators and other institutions up to the same levels as described above. For purposes of this section the term “dealer” includes any broker, dealer, bank, bank trust department, registered investment advisor, financial planner, retirement plan administrator and any other institution having a selling, services, or any similar agreement with Putnam Retail Management or one of its affiliates.

Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates pay additional compensation to selected dealers under the categories described below. These categories are not mutually exclusive, and a single dealer may receive payments under all categories. These payments may create an incentive for a dealer firm or its representatives to recommend or offer shares of the fund or other Putnam funds to its customers. These additional payments are made pursuant to agreements with dealers and do not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of a share or the amount a fund will receive as proceeds from such sales or the distribution (12b-1) fees and the expenses paid by the fund as shown under the heading “Fees and Expenses” in the prospectus.

Marketing Support Payments. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates make payments to certain dealers for marketing support services. These payments are individually negotiated with each dealer firm, taking into account the marketing support services provided by the dealer, including business planning assistance, educating dealer personnel about the Putnam funds and shareholder financial planning needs, placement on the dealer’s preferred or recommended fund company list, and access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the dealer, as well as the size of the dealer’s relationship with Putnam Retail Management. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates compensate dealers differently depending upon, among other factors, the level and/or type of marketing support provided by the dealer. Payments are generally based on one or more of the following factors: average net assets of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to that dealer, gross or net sales of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to that dealer, reimbursement of ticket charges (fees that a dealer firm charges its representatives for effecting transactions in fund shares) or a negotiated lump sum payment for services rendered. In addition, payments typically apply to retail sales and assets, but may not, in certain situations, apply to other specific types of sales or assets, such as to retirement plans or fee-based advisory programs.

Although the total of marketing support payments made to dealers in any year may vary, on average, the aggregate payments are not expected, on an annual basis, to exceed 0.085% of the average assets of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to the dealers.

The following dealers (and such dealers’ respective affiliates) received marketing support payments from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates during the calendar year ended December 31, 2011:

February 17, 2012  II-16 

 



American Portfolios Financial Services, Inc.  Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. 

Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc.  MetLife Securities, Inc. 

AXA Advisors, LLC  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC 

BancWest Investment Services, Inc.  Multi-Financial Securities Corporation 

Cadaret, Grant & Co. Inc.  National Planning Corporation 

Cambridge Investment Research, Inc.  New England Securities Corporation 

CCO Investment Services Corp.  NFP Securities, Inc. 

Chase Investment Services Corp.  Northwestern Mutual Investment Services, LLC 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.  Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. 

Commonwealth Equity Services  PrimeVest Financial Services, Inc. 

CUNA Brokerage Services, Inc.  Raymond James & Associates, Inc. 

CUSO Financial Services, L.P.  Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. 

Financial Network Investment Corporation  RBC Capital Markets Corporation 

FSC Securities Corporation  Royal Alliance Associates 

Genworth Financial Securities Corp.  Sagepoint Financial, Inc. 

Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company  Securities America Financial Corporation, Inc. 

HD Vest Investment Securities, Inc.  SII Investments 

ING Financial Partners  Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated 

INVEST Financial Corporation  SunTrust Investment Services, Inc. 

Investment Centers of America, Inc.  Tower Square Securities, Inc. 

Janney Montgomery Scott LLC  U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc. 

Lincoln Financial Advisors Corp.  UBS Financial Services Inc. 

Lincoln Financial Securities Corporation  UVEST Financial Services, Inc. 

Lincoln Investment Planning, Inc.  Walnut Street Securities, Inc. 

LPL Financial Corporation  Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC 

MMC Securities Corp.  Woodbury Financial Services, Inc. 

M&T Securities, Inc.   

 

Additional dealers may receive marketing support payments in 2012 and in future years. Any additions, modifications or deletions to the list of dealers identified above that have occurred since December 31, 2011 are not reflected. You can ask your dealer about any payments it receives from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates.

Program Servicing Payments. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates will also make payments to certain dealers that sell Putnam fund shares through retirement plans and other investment programs to compensate dealers for a variety of services they provide to such programs. A dealer may perform program services itself or may arrange with a third party to perform program services. In addition to participant recordkeeping, reporting, or transaction processing, program services may include services rendered in connection with fund/investment selection and monitoring, employee enrollment and education, plan balance rollover or separation, or other similar services. Payments by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates for program servicing support to any one dealer are not expected, with certain limited exceptions, to exceed 0.20% of the total assets in the program on an annual basis. In addition, Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates will make one-time or annual payments to selected dealers receiving program servicing payments in reimbursement of printing costs for literature for participants, account maintenance fees or fees for establishment of Putnam funds on the dealer’s system. The amounts of these payments may, but will not normally (except in cases where the aggregate assets in the program are small), cause the aggregate amount of the program servicing payments to such dealer on an annual basis to exceed the amounts set forth above.

The following dealers (and such dealers’ respective affiliates) received program servicing payments from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates during the calendar year ended December 31, 2011:

February 17, 2012  II-17 

 



ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc.  Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. 

Ascensus, Inc.  MidAtlantic Capital Corporation 

Benefit Plans Administrators  MSCS Financial Services, LLC 

Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.  National Financial Services LLC 

Charles Schwab Trust Company  Nationwide Investment Services Corporation 

City National Bank  Nationwide Life Insurance Company 

CompuSys/Erisa Group  Newport Retirement Services, Inc. 

Correll Co.  NYLIFE Distributors LLC 

CPI Qualified Plan Consultants, Inc.  Paychex Securities Corporation 

DailyAccess Corporation  Pershing LLC 

Digital Retirement Solutions  Plan Administrators, Inc. 

Dyatech, LLC  The Princeton Retirement Group, Inc. 

ExpertPlan, Inc.  Principal Life Insurance Co. 

Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc.  Raymond James & Associates, Inc. 

Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Co.  Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. 

Genworth Life Insurance Co of New York  Reliance Trust Company 

Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company  SunTrust Bank 

GWFS Equities, Inc.  TD Ameritrade Trust Company 

Hartford Life Insurance Company  The Prudential Insurance Company of America 

Hartford Securities Distribution Company, Inc.  The Vanguard Group Inc. 

Hewitt Associates LLC  Transamerica Advisors Life Insurance Company 

July Business Services  Transamerica Advisors Life Insurance Company of New York 

Leggette & Company, Inc.  VALIC Retirement Services Company 

Lincoln Retirement Services Company, LLC  Wilmington Trust Company 

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co.  Wilmington Trust Retirement & Institutional Services Co. 

Mercer HR Services LLC   

 

Additional dealers may receive program servicing payments in 2012 and in future years. Any additions, modifications or deletions to the list of dealers identified above that have occurred since December 31, 2011 are not reflected. You can ask your dealer about any payments it receives from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates.

Other Payments. From time to time, Putnam Retail Management, at its expense, may provide additional compensation to dealers which sell or arrange for the sale of shares of the fund to the extent not prohibited by laws or the rules of any self-regulatory agency, such as FINRA. Such compensation provided by Putnam Retail Management may include financial assistance to dealers that enable Putnam Retail Management to participate in and/or present at dealer-sponsored conferences or seminars, sales or training programs for invited registered representatives and other dealer employees, dealer entertainment, and other dealer-sponsored events, and travel expenses, including lodging incurred by registered representatives and other employees in connection with prospecting, retention and due diligence trips. Putnam Retail Management makes payments for entertainment events it deems appropriate, subject to Putnam Retail Management’s internal guidelines and applicable law. These payments may vary upon the nature of the event.

Certain dealers also receive payments from the funds’ transfer agent in recognition of sub-accounting or other services they provide to shareholders or plan participants who invest in the fund or other Putnam funds through their retirement plan. These payments are not expected, with certain exceptions both for affiliated and unaffiliated entities noted in the discussion under the heading “MANAGEMENT – Investor Servicing Agent,” to exceed 0.13% of the total assets of such shareholders or plan participants in the fund or other Putnam funds on an annual basis. See the discussion under the heading “MANAGEMENT – Investor Servicing Agent” for more details.

February 17, 2012  II-18 

 



You can ask your dealer for information about payments it receives from Putnam Retail Management or its affiliates and the services it provides for those payments.

In addition to payments to dealers described above, Putnam Investor Services or Putnam Retail Management may, at the direction of a retirement plan’s sponsor, reimburse or pay direct expenses of the plan that would otherwise be payable by the plan. Putnam Investor Services also, at its expense, may make payments to financial intermediaries for introducing to Putnam Investor Services, and/or assisting Putnam Investor Services in the provision of services to, certain retirement plans administered by Putnam Investor Services. Such payments to any one financial intermediary are not expected to exceed an annual rate of 0.05% of a plan’s average net assets.

MISCELLANEOUS INVESTMENTS, INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND RISKS

As noted in the prospectus, in addition to the main investment strategies and the principal risks described in the prospectus, the fund may employ other investment practices and may be subject to other risks, which are described below. Because the following is a combined description of investment strategies of all of the Putnam funds, certain matters described herein may not apply to your fund. Unless a strategy or policy described below is specifically prohibited or limited by the investment restrictions discussed in the fund’s prospectus or in this SAI, or by applicable law, the fund may engage in each of the practices described below without limit. This section contains information on the investments and investment practices listed below. With respect to funds for which Putnam Investments Limited (“PIL”) and/or The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (“PAC”) serves as sub-investment manager (as described in the fund’s prospectus), references to Putnam Management in this section include PIL and/or PAC, as appropriate.

Alternative Investment Strategies  Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities 

Bank Loans  Options on Securities 

Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage  Preferred Stocks and Convertible Securities 

Derivatives  Private Placements and Restricted Securities 

Exchange-Traded Notes  Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) 

Floating Rate and Variable Rate Demand Notes  Redeemable Securities 

Foreign Currency Transactions  Repurchase Agreements 

Foreign Investments and Related Risks  Securities Loans 

Forward Commitments and Dollar Rolls  Securities of Other Investment Companies 

Futures Contracts and Related Options  Short-term Trading 

Hybrid Instruments  Special Purpose Acquisition Companies 

Inflation-Protected Securities  Structured Investments 

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)  Swap Agreements 

Interfund Borrowing and Lending  Tax-exempt Securities 

Inverse Floaters  Warrants 

Lower-rated Securities  Zero-coupon and Payment-in-kind Bonds 

Money Market Instruments   

 

Alternative Investment Strategies

At times, Putnam Management may judge that market conditions may make pursuing a fund's investment strategies inconsistent with the best interests of its shareholders. Putnam Management then may temporarily use alternative strategies that are mainly designed to limit the fund's losses. In implementing these strategies, the fund may invest primarily in, among other things, debt securities, preferred stocks, U.S. Government and agency obligations, cash or money market instruments (including, to the extent permitted by law or applicable exemptive relief, money market funds), or any other securities Putnam Management considers consistent with such defensive strategies.

February 17, 2012  II-19 

 



Bank Loans

The fund may invest in bank loans. By purchasing a loan, the fund acquires some or all of the interest of a bank or other lending institution in a loan to a particular borrower. The fund may act as part of a lending syndicate, and in such cases would be purchasing a “participation” in the loan. The fund may also purchase loans by assignment from another lender. Many loans are secured by the assets of the borrower, and most impose restrictive covenants which must be met by the borrower. These loans are typically made by a syndicate of banks, represented by an agent bank which has negotiated and structured the loan and which is responsible generally for collecting interest, principal, and other amounts from the borrower on its own behalf and on behalf of the other lending institutions in the syndicate, and for enforcing its and their other rights against the borrower. Each of the lending institutions, including the agent bank, lends to the borrower a portion of the total amount of the loan, and retains the corresponding interest in the loan.

The fund’s ability to receive payments of principal and interest and other amounts in connection with loan participations held by it will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower (and, in some cases, the lending institution from which it purchases the loan). The value of collateral, if any, securing a loan can decline, or may be insufficient to meet the borrower’s obligations or difficult to liquidate. In addition, the fund’s access to collateral may be limited by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. The failure by the fund to receive scheduled interest or principal payments on a loan would adversely affect the income of the fund and would likely reduce the value of its assets, which would be reflected in a reduction in the fund's net asset value. Banks and other lending institutions generally perform a credit analysis of the borrower before originating a loan or participating in a lending syndicate. In selecting the loans in which the fund will invest, however, Putnam Management will not rely solely on that credit analysis, but will perform its own investment analysis of the borrowers. Putnam Management's analysis may include consideration of the borrower's financial strength and managerial experience, debt coverage, additional borrowing requirements or debt maturity schedules, changing financial conditions, and responsiveness to changes in business conditions and interest rates. Putnam Management will generally not have access to non-public information to which other investors in syndicated loans may have access. Because loans in which the fund may invest are not generally rated by independent credit rating agencies, a decision by the fund to invest in a particular loan will depend almost exclusively on Putnam Management's, and the original lending institution's, credit analysis of the borrower. Investments in loans may be of any quality, including “distressed” loans, and will be subject to the fund’s credit quality policy. The loans in which the fund may invest include those that pay fixed rates of interest and those that pay floating rates – i.e., rates that adjust periodically based on a known lending rate, such as a bank’s prime rate.

Loans may be structured in different forms, including novations, assignments and participating interests. In a novation, the fund assumes all of the rights of a lending institution in a loan, including the right to receive payments of principal and interest and other amounts directly from the borrower and to enforce its rights as a lender directly against the borrower. The fund assumes the position of a co-lender with other syndicate members. As an alternative, the fund may purchase an assignment of a portion of a lender's interest in a loan. In this case, the fund may be required generally to rely upon the assigning bank to demand payment and enforce its rights against the borrower, but would otherwise be entitled to all of such bank's rights in the loan. The fund may also purchase a participating interest in a portion of the rights of a lending institution in a loan. In such case, it will be entitled to receive payments of principal, interest and premium, if any, but will not generally be entitled to enforce its rights directly against the agent bank or the borrower, and must rely for that purpose on the lending institution. The fund may also acquire a loan interest directly by acting as a member of the original lending syndicate.

The fund will in many cases be required to rely upon the lending institution from which it purchases the loan to collect and pass on to the fund such payments and to enforce the fund's rights under the loan. As a result, an insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of the lending institution may delay or prevent the fund from receiving principal, interest and other amounts with respect to the underlying loan. When the fund is required

February 17, 2012  II-20 

 



to rely upon a lending institution to pay to the fund principal, interest and other amounts received by it, Putnam Management will also evaluate the creditworthiness of the lending institution.

The borrower of a loan in which the fund holds an interest may, either at its own election or pursuant to terms of the loan documentation, prepay amounts of the loan from time to time. There is no assurance that the fund will be able to reinvest the proceeds of any loan prepayment at the same interest rate or on the same terms as those of the original loan.

Corporate loans in which the fund may invest are generally made to finance internal growth, mergers, acquisitions, stock repurchases, leveraged buy-outs and other corporate activities. A significant portion of the corporate loans purchased by the fund may represent interests in loans made to finance highly leveraged corporate acquisitions, known as "leveraged buy-out" transactions, leveraged recapitalization loans and other types of acquisition financing. The highly leveraged capital structure of the borrowers in such transactions may make such loans especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. In addition, loans generally are subject to restrictions on transfer, and only limited opportunities may exist to sell such participations in secondary markets. As a result, the fund may be unable to sell loans at a time when it may otherwise be desirable to do so or may be able to sell them only at a price that is less than their fair market value. The fund may hold investments in loans for a very short period of time when opportunities to resell the investments that Putnam Management believes are attractive arise.

Certain of the loans acquired by the fund may involve revolving credit facilities under which a borrower may from time to time borrow and repay amounts up to the maximum amount of the facility. In such cases, the fund would have an obligation to advance its portion of such additional borrowings upon the terms specified in the loan participation. To the extent that the fund is committed to make additional loans under such a participation, it will at all times set aside on its books liquid assets in an amount sufficient to meet such commitments. Certain of the loan participations acquired by the fund may also involve loans made in foreign (i.e., non-U.S.) currencies. The fund's investment in such participations would involve the risks of currency fluctuations described above with respect to investments in the foreign securities.

With respect to its management of investments in bank loans, Putnam Management will normally seek to avoid receiving material, non-public information (“Confidential Information”) about the issuers of bank loans being considered for acquisition by the fund or held in the fund’s portfolio. In many instances, borrowers may offer to furnish Confidential Information to prospective investors, and to holders, of the issuer’s loans. Putnam Management’s decision not to receive Confidential Information may place Putnam Management at a disadvantage relative to other investors in loans (which could have an adverse effect on the price the fund pays or receives when buying or selling loans). Also, in instances where holders of loans are asked to grant amendments, waivers or consent, Putnam Management’s ability to assess their significance or desirability may be adversely affected. For these and other reasons, it is possible that Putnam Management’s decision not to receive Confidential Information under normal circumstances could adversely affect the fund’s investment performance.

Notwithstanding its intention generally not to receive material, non-public information with respect to its management of investments in loans, Putnam Management may from time to time come into possession of material, non-public information about the issuers of loans that may be held in the fund’s portfolio. Possession of such information may in some instances occur despite Putnam Management’s efforts to avoid such possession, but in other instances Putnam Management may choose to receive such information (for example, in connection with participation in a creditors’ committee with respect to a financially distressed issuer). As, and to the extent, required by applicable law, Putnam Management's ability to trade in these loans for the account of the fund could potentially be limited by its possession of such information. Such limitations on Putnam Management's ability to trade could have an adverse effect on the fund by, for example, preventing the fund from selling a loan that is experiencing a material decline in value. In some instances, these trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial period of time.

February 17, 2012  II-21 

 



In some instances, other accounts managed by Putnam Management or an affiliate may hold other securities issued by borrowers whose loans may be held in the fund’s portfolio. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the loans held in the fund’s portfolio, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the issuer deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the issuer’s loans. In such cases, Putnam Management may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the fund and other client accounts. Putnam Management will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if Putnam Management's client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuer’s securities.

Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage

The fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by its investment policies and restrictions and applicable law. When the fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its portfolio, the value of an investment in the fund will be more volatile and other investment risks will tend to be compounded. This is because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the fund’s holdings. In addition to borrowing money from banks, the fund may engage in certain other investment transactions that may be viewed as forms of financial leverage – for example, using dollar rolls, investing collateral from loans of portfolio securities, entering into when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment transactions or using derivatives such as swaps, futures, forwards, and options. Because the fund either (1) sets aside cash (or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees) on its books in respect of such transactions during the period in which the transactions are open or (2) otherwise “covers” its obligations under the transactions, such as by holding offsetting investments, the fund does not consider these transactions to be borrowings for purposes of its investment restrictions or “senior securities” for purposes of the 1940 Act. In some cases (e.g., with respect to futures and forwards that are contractually required to “cash-settle”), the fund is permitted under relevant guidance from the SEC or SEC staff to set aside assets with respect to an investment transaction in the amount of its net (marked-to-market) obligations thereunder, rather than the full notional amount of the transaction. By setting aside assets equal only to its net obligations, the fund will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if it set aside assets equal to the notional amount of the transaction, which may increase the risk associated with such investments.

Each Putnam fund (other than Putnam RetirementReady® Funds, Putnam Global Sector Fund and Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund) participates in committed and uncommitted lines of credit with State Street Bank and Trust Company. These lines of credit are intended to provide a temporary source of cash in extraordinary or emergency circumstances, such as unexpected shareholder redemption requests. The fund may pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit, in addition to the stated interest rate.

Derivatives

Certain of the instruments in which the fund may invest, such as futures contracts, options, hybrid instruments, forward contracts, swap agreements and structured investments, are considered to be "derivatives." Derivatives are financial instruments whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value or other attributes of an underlying asset, such as a security or an index. Further information about these instruments and the risks involved in their use is included elsewhere in the prospectus and in this SAI. The fund’s use of derivatives may cause the fund to recognize higher amounts of short-term capital gains, which are generally taxed to shareholders at ordinary income tax rates. The fund’s use of commodity-linked derivatives can bear on or be limited by the fund’s intention to qualify as a “regulated investment company” under the Code, as discussed in “Taxes” below. Investments in derivatives may be applied toward meeting a requirement to invest in a particular kind of investment if the derivatives have economic characteristics similar to that investment. The fund’s use of certain derivatives may in some cases involve forms of financial leverage, which involves risk and may increase the volatility of the fund’s net asset value. See “—Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage.” In its use of derivatives, the fund may take both long positions (the values of which move in the

February 17, 2012  II-22 

 



same direction as the prices of the underlying investments, pools of investments, indexes or currencies), and short positions (the values of which move in the opposite direction from the prices of the underlying investments, pools of investments indexes or currencies).

Short positions may involve greater risks than long positions, as the risk of loss may be theoretically unlimited (unlike a long position, in which the risk of loss may be limited to the amount invested). The fund may use derivatives that combine “long” and “short” positions in order to capture the difference between underlying investments, pools of investments, indices or currencies.

Exchange Traded Notes

The fund may invest in exchange traded notes (“ETNs”). ETNs are typically senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market index less applicable fees and expenses. ETNs are listed on an exchange and traded in the secondary market. The fund may hold the ETN until maturity, at which time the issuer is obligated to pay a return linked to the performance of the relevant market index. ETNs do not make periodic interest payments and principal is not protected.

The market value of an ETN may be influenced by, among other things, time to maturity, level of supply and demand of the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in the underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, the current performance of the market index to which the ETN is linked, and the credit rating of the ETN issuer. The market value of an ETN may differ from the performance of the applicable market index and there may be times when an ETN trades at a premium or discount. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETNs at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities underlying the market index that the ETN seeks to track. A change in the issuer’s credit rating may also impact the value of an ETN despite the underlying market index remaining unchanged. ETNs are also subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) will accept, or a court will uphold, how the fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes.

An ETN that is tied to a specific market index may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market index. ETNs also incur certain expenses not incurred by their applicable market index, and the fund would bear a proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN in which it invests.

The fund’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. Some ETNs that use leverage in an effort to amplify the returns of an underlying market index can, at times, be relatively illiquid and may therefore be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs may offer the potential for greater return, but the potential for loss and speed at which losses can be realized also are greater.

ETNs are generally similar to structured investments and hybrid instruments. For discussion of these investments and the risks generally associated with them, see “Hybrid Instruments” and “Structured Investments” in this SAI.

Floating Rate and Variable Rate Demand Notes

The fund may purchase taxable or tax-exempt floating rate and variable rate demand notes for short-term cash management or other investment purposes. Floating rate and variable rate demand notes and bonds may have a stated maturity in excess of one year, but may have features that permit a holder to demand payment of principal plus accrued interest upon a specified number of days notice. Frequently, such obligations are secured by letters of credit or other credit support arrangements provided by banks. The issuer has a corresponding right, after a given period, to prepay in its discretion the outstanding principal of the obligation

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plus accrued interest upon a specific number of days notice to the holders. The interest rate of a floating rate instrument may be based on a known lending rate, such as a bank's prime rate, and is reset whenever such rate is adjusted. The interest rate on a variable rate demand note is reset at specified intervals at a market rate.

Foreign Currency Transactions

To manage its exposure to foreign currencies, the fund may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions, including purchasing and selling foreign currency, foreign currency options, foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency futures contracts and related options. In addition, the fund may engage in these transactions for the purpose of increasing its return. Foreign currency transactions involve costs, and, if unsuccessful, may reduce the fund’s return.

Generally, the fund may engage in both "transaction hedging" and "position hedging." The fund may also engage in foreign currency transactions for non-hedging purposes, subject to applicable law. When it engages in transaction hedging, the fund enters into foreign currency transactions with respect to specific receivables or payables, generally arising in connection with the purchase or sale of portfolio securities. The fund will engage in transaction hedging when it desires to "lock in" the U.S. dollar price of a security it has agreed to purchase or sell, or the U.S. dollar equivalent of a dividend or interest payment in a foreign currency. By transaction hedging the fund will attempt to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and the applicable foreign currency during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment is earned, and the date on which such payments are made or received. The fund may also engage in position hedging to protect against a decline in the value relative to the U.S. dollar of the currencies in which its portfolio securities are denominated or quoted (or an increase in the value of the currency in which securities the fund intends to buy are denominated or quoted).

The fund may purchase or sell a foreign currency on a spot (or cash) basis at the prevailing spot rate in connection with the settlement of transactions in portfolio securities denominated in that foreign currency or for other hedging or non-hedging purposes. If conditions warrant, for hedging or non-hedging purposes, the fund may also enter into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date ("forward contracts") and purchase and sell foreign currency futures contracts. The fund may also purchase or sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter call and put options on foreign currency futures contracts and on foreign currencies.

A foreign currency futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded contract for the future delivery of a specified amount of a foreign currency at a price set at the time of the contract. Foreign currency futures contracts traded in the United States are designed by and traded on exchanges regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC"), such as the New York Mercantile Exchange, and have margin requirements.

A foreign currency forward contract is a negotiated agreement to exchange currency at a future time, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract as agreed by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. The contract price may be higher or lower than the current spot rate. In the case of a cancelable forward contract, the holder has the unilateral right to cancel the contract at maturity by paying a specified fee. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts differ from foreign currency futures contracts in certain respects. For example, the maturity date of a forward contract may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, rather than a predetermined date in a given month. Forward contracts may be in any amount agreed upon by the parties rather than predetermined amounts. In addition, forward contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers, so that no intermediary is required. A forward contract generally has no deposit requirement, and no commissions are charged at any stage for trades.

At the maturity of a forward or futures contract, the fund either may accept or make delivery of the currency specified in the contract, or at or prior to maturity enter into a closing transaction involving the purchase or

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sale of an offsetting contract. Closing transactions with respect to forward contracts are usually effected with the currency trader who is a party to the original forward contract. Closing transactions with respect to futures contracts may be effected only on a commodities exchange or board of trade which provides a secondary market in such contracts; a clearing corporation associated with the exchange assumes responsibility for closing out such contracts.

Although the fund intends to purchase or sell foreign currency futures contracts only on exchanges or boards of trade where there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that a secondary market on an exchange or board of trade will exist for any particular contract or at any particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures position and, in the event of adverse price movements, the fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin.

It is impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration or maturity of a forward or futures contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for the fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the security or securities being hedged is less than the amount of foreign currency the fund is obligated to deliver and a decision is made to sell the security or securities and make delivery of the foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio security or securities if the market value of such security or securities exceeds the amount of foreign currency the fund is obligated to deliver.

As noted above, the fund may purchase or sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter call and put options on foreign currency futures contracts and on foreign currencies. A put option on a futures contract gives the fund the right to assume a short position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A put option on a currency gives the fund the right to sell the currency at an exercise price until the expiration of the option. A call option on a futures contract gives the fund the right to assume a long position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A call option on a currency gives the fund the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the expiration of the option.

Foreign currency options are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market, although options on foreign currencies are also listed on several exchanges. Options are traded not only on the currencies of individual nations, but also on the euro, the joint currency of most countries in the European Union.

The fund will only purchase or write foreign currency options when Putnam Management believes that a liquid secondary market exists for such options. There can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular option at any specific time. Options on foreign currencies may be affected by all of those factors which influence foreign exchange rates and investments generally.

The fund's currency hedging transactions may call for the delivery of one foreign currency in exchange for another foreign currency and may at times not involve currencies in which its portfolio securities are then denominated. Putnam Management will engage in such "cross hedging" activities when it believes that such transactions provide significant hedging opportunities for the fund. Cross hedging transactions by the fund involve the risk of imperfect correlation between changes in the values of the currencies to which such transactions relate and changes in the value of the currency or other asset or liability which is the subject of the hedge.

Transaction and position hedging do not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities that the fund owns or intends to purchase or sell. They simply establish a rate of exchange which one can achieve at some future point in time. Additionally, although these techniques tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they involve costs to the fund and tend to limit any potential gain which might result from the increase in value of such currency.

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The fund may also engage in non-hedging currency transactions. For example, Putnam Management may believe that exposure to a currency is in the fund's best interest but that securities denominated in that currency are unattractive. In this situation, the fund may purchase a currency forward contract or option in order to increase its exposure to the currency. In accordance with SEC regulations, the fund will set aside liquid assets on its books to cover forward contracts used for non-hedging purposes.

In addition, the fund may seek to increase its current return or to offset some of the costs of hedging against fluctuations in current exchange rates by writing covered call options and covered put options on foreign currencies. The fund receives a premium from writing a call or put option, which increases the fund's current return if the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a net profit. The fund may terminate an option that it has written prior to its expiration by entering into a closing purchase transaction in which it purchases an option having the same terms as the option written.

The value of any currency, including U.S. dollars and foreign currencies, may be affected by complex political and economic factors applicable to the issuing country. In addition, the exchange rates of foreign currencies (and therefore the values of foreign currency options, forward contracts and futures contracts) may be affected significantly, fixed, or supported directly or indirectly by U.S. and foreign government actions. Government intervention may increase risks involved in purchasing or selling foreign currency options, forward contracts and futures contracts, since exchange rates may not be free to fluctuate in response to other market forces.

The value of a foreign currency option, forward contract or futures contract reflects the value of an exchange rate, which in turn reflects relative values of two currencies -- the U.S. dollar and the foreign currency in question. Although foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for currency conversion, they do realize a profit based on the difference (the "spread") between prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to the fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the fund desire to resell that currency to the dealer. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market involve substantially larger amounts than those that may be involved in the exercise of foreign currency options, forward contracts and futures contracts, investors may be disadvantaged by having to deal in an odd-lot market for the underlying foreign currencies in connection with options at prices that are less favorable than for round lots. Foreign governmental restrictions or taxes could result in adverse changes in the cost of acquiring or disposing of foreign currencies.

There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies and there is no regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Available quotation information is generally representative of very large round-lot transactions in the interbank market and thus may not reflect exchange rates for smaller odd-lot transactions (less than $1 million) where rates may be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, around-the-clock market. To the extent that options markets are closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements may take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets.

The decision as to whether and to what extent the fund will engage in foreign currency exchange transactions will depend on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions, the composition of the fund's portfolio and the availability of suitable transactions. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the fund will engage in foreign currency exchange transactions at any given time or from time to time.

Foreign Investments and Related Risks

Foreign securities are normally denominated and traded in foreign currencies. As a result, the value of the fund's foreign investments and the value of its shares may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar. In addition, the fund is required to compute and distribute its income in U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the exchange rate for a foreign currency declines after a fund's income has been earned and translated into U.S. dollars (but before payment), the fund could be required to liquidate

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portfolio securities to make such distributions. Similarly, if an exchange rate declines between the time a fund incurs expenses in U.S. dollars and the time such expenses are paid, the amount of such currency required to be converted into U.S. dollars in order to pay such expenses in U.S. dollars will be greater than the equivalent amount in any such currency of such expenses at the time they were incurred.

There may be less information publicly available about a foreign issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and foreign issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those in the United States. In addition, there may be less (or less effective) regulation of exchanges, brokers and listed companies in some foreign countries. The securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and at times more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers. Foreign brokerage commissions, custodial expenses and other fees are also generally higher than in the United States.

Foreign settlement procedures and trade regulations may be more complex and involve certain risks (such as delay in payment or delivery of securities or in the recovery of the fund's assets held abroad) and expenses not present in the settlement of investments in U.S. markets. For example, settlement of transactions involving foreign securities or foreign currencies (see below) may occur within a foreign country, and the fund may accept or make delivery of the underlying securities or currency in conformity with any applicable U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations, and may pay fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery. Such investments may also involve the risk that an entity involved in the settlement may not meet its obligations.

In addition, foreign securities may be subject to the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, imposition of currency exchange controls, foreign withholding taxes or restrictions on the repatriation of foreign currency, confiscatory taxation, political, social or financial instability and diplomatic developments which could affect the value of the fund's investments in certain foreign countries. Dividends or interest on, or proceeds from the sale of, foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, and special U.S. tax considerations may apply.

Note on MSCI Indices. MSCI, Inc. (MSCI) publishes two versions of its indices reflecting the reinvestment of dividends using two different methodologies: gross dividends and net dividends. While both versions reflect reinvested dividends, they differ with respect to the manner in which taxes associated with dividend payments are treated. In calculating the net dividends version, MSCI incorporates reinvested dividends applying the withholding tax rate applicable to foreign non-resident institutional investors that do not benefit from double taxation treaties. Putnam Management believes that the net dividends version of MSCI indices better reflects the returns U.S. investors might expect were they to invest directly in the component securities of an MSCI index.

Legal remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be more limited than those available with respect to investments in the United States or in other foreign countries. The laws of some foreign countries may limit the fund's ability to invest in securities of certain issuers organized under the laws of those foreign countries.

The risks described above, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, typically are increased in connection with investments in developing countries, also known as "emerging markets." For example, political and economic structures in these countries may be in their infancy and developing rapidly, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. Certain of these countries have in the past failed to recognize private property rights and have at times nationalized and expropriated the assets of private companies. High rates of inflation or currency devaluations may adversely affect the economies and securities markets of such countries. Investments in emerging markets may be considered speculative.

The currencies of certain emerging market countries have experienced devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar, and future devaluations may adversely affect the value of assets denominated in such currencies. Many emerging market countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation

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or deflation for many years, and future inflation may adversely affect the economies and securities markets of such countries.

In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in emerging markets and the availability of additional investments in these markets. The small size, limited trading volume and relative inexperience of the securities markets in these countries may make investments in securities traded in emerging markets illiquid and more volatile than investments in securities traded in more developed countries, and the fund may be required to establish special custodial or other arrangements before making investments in securities traded in emerging markets. There may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers of emerging market securities, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value or prospects of an investment in such securities.

American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) as well as other “hybrid” forms of ADRs, including European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer. These certificates are issued by depository banks and generally trade on an established market in the United States or elsewhere. The underlying shares are held in trust by a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the issuer’s home country. The depository bank may not have physical custody of the underlying securities at all times and may charge fees for various services, including forwarding dividends and interest and corporate actions. ADRs are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, ADRs continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing in foreign securities.

Certain of the foregoing risks may also apply to some extent to securities of U.S. issuers that are denominated in foreign currencies or that are traded in foreign markets, or securities of U.S. issuers having significant foreign operations.

Forward Commitments and Dollar Rolls

The fund may enter into contracts to purchase securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time ("forward commitments") if the fund sets aside on its books liquid assets in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price, or if the fund enters into offsetting contracts for the forward sale of other securities it owns. In the case of to-be-announced ("TBA") purchase commitments, the unit price and the estimated principal amount are established when the fund enters into a contract, with the actual principal amount being within a specified range of the estimate. Forward commitments may be considered securities in themselves, and involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in the value of the fund's other assets. Where such purchases are made through dealers, the fund relies on the dealer to consummate the sale. The dealer's failure to do so may result in the loss to the fund of an advantageous yield or price. Although the fund will generally enter into forward commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio or for delivery pursuant to options contracts it has entered into, the fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if Putnam Management deems it appropriate to do so. The fund may realize short-term profits or losses upon the sale of forward commitments.

The fund may enter into TBA sale commitments to hedge its portfolio positions or to sell securities it owns under delayed delivery arrangements. Proceeds of TBA sale commitments are not received until the contractual settlement date. During the time a TBA sale commitment is outstanding, equivalent deliverable securities, or an offsetting TBA purchase commitment deliverable on or before the sale commitment date, are held as "cover" for the transaction. Unsettled TBA sale commitments are valued at current market value of the underlying securities. If the TBA sale commitment is closed through the acquisition of an offsetting purchase commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss on the commitment without regard to any unrealized gain or loss on the underlying security. If the fund delivers securities under the commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss from the sale of the securities based upon the unit price established at the date the commitment was entered into.

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The fund may enter into dollar roll transactions (generally using TBAs) in which it sells a fixed income security for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to purchase similar securities (for example, same type, coupon and maturity) at an agreed upon future time. By engaging in a dollar roll transaction, the fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the security that is sold, but receives the difference between the current sales price and the forward price for the future purchase. The fund would also be able to earn interest on the proceeds of the sale before they are reinvested. The fund accounts for dollar rolls as purchases and sales. Because cash (or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees) in the amount of the fund’s commitment under a dollar roll is set aside on the fund’s books, the fund does not consider these transactions to be borrowings for purposes of its investment restrictions.

The obligation to purchase securities on a specified future date involves the risk that the market value of the securities that the fund is obligated to purchase may decline below the purchase price. In addition, in the event the other party to the transaction files for bankruptcy, becomes insolvent or defaults on its obligation, the fund may be adversely affected.

Futures Contracts and Related Options

Subject to applicable law, the fund may invest without limit in futures contracts and related options for hedging and non-hedging purposes, such as to manage the effective duration of the fund's portfolio or as a substitute for direct investment. A financial futures contract sale creates an obligation by the seller to deliver the type of financial instrument called for in the contract in a specified delivery month for a stated price. A financial futures contract purchase creates an obligation by the purchaser to take delivery of the type of financial instrument called for in the contract in a specified delivery month at a stated price. The specific instruments delivered or taken, respectively, at settlement date are not determined until on or near that date. The determination is made in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the futures contract sale or purchase was made. Futures contracts are traded in the United States only on commodity exchanges or boards of trade -- known as "contract markets" -- approved for such trading by the CFTC, and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm which is a member of the relevant contract market. Examples of futures contracts that the fund may use (which may include single-security futures) include, without limitation, U.S. Treasury security futures, index futures, corporate or municipal bond futures, Government National Mortgage Association certificate futures, interest rate swap futures, and Eurodollar futures. In addition, as described elsewhere in this SAI, the fund may use foreign currency futures.

Although futures contracts (other than index futures and futures based on the volatility or variance experienced by an index) by their terms call for actual delivery or acceptance of commodities or securities, in most cases the contracts are closed out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery. Index futures and futures based on the volatility or variance experienced by an index do not call for actual delivery or acceptance of commodities or securities, but instead require cash settlement of the futures contract on the settlement date specified in the contract. Such contracts may also be closed out before the settlement date. Closing out a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If the price of the initial sale of the futures contract exceeds the price of the offsetting purchase, the seller is paid the difference and realizes a gain. Conversely, if the price of the offsetting purchase exceeds the price of the initial sale, the seller realizes a loss. If the fund is unable to enter into a closing transaction, the amount of the fund's potential loss is unlimited. The closing out of a futures contract purchase is effected by the purchaser's entering into a futures contract sale. If the offsetting sale price exceeds the purchase price, the purchaser realizes a gain, and if the purchase price exceeds the offsetting sale price, he realizes a loss.

Unlike when the fund purchases or sells a security, no price is paid or received by the fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Instead, upon entering into a contract, the fund is required to deliver to the futures broker an amount of liquid assets. This amount is known as "initial margin." The nature of initial margin in futures transactions is different from that of margin in security transactions in that futures contract margin does

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not involve the borrowing of funds to finance the transactions. Rather, initial margin is similar to a performance bond or good faith deposit which is returned to the fund upon termination of the futures contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Futures contracts also involve brokerage costs.

Subsequent payments, called "variation margin" or "maintenance margin," to and from the broker are made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying security or commodity fluctuates, making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as "marking to the market." For example, when the fund has purchased a futures contract on a security and the price of the underlying security has risen, that position will have increased in value and the fund will receive from the broker a variation margin payment based on that increase in value. Conversely, when the fund has purchased a security futures contract and the price of the underlying security has declined, the position would be less valuable and the fund would be required to make a variation margin payment to the broker.

The fund may elect to close some or all of its futures positions at any time prior to their expiration in order to reduce or eliminate a position then currently held by the fund. The fund may close its positions by taking opposite positions which will operate to terminate the fund's position in the futures contracts. Final determinations of variation margin are then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to the fund, and the fund realizes a loss or a gain. Such closing transactions involve additional commission costs.

The fund does not intend to purchase or sell futures or related options for other than hedging purposes, if, as a result, the sum of the initial margin deposits on the fund's existing futures and related options positions and premiums paid for outstanding options on futures contracts would exceed 5% of the fund's net assets.

The fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term "commodity pool operator" under the Commodity Exchange Act (the "CEA"), and therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under the CEA.

Index futures. An index futures contract is a contract to buy or sell units of an index at a specified future date at a price agreed upon when the contract is made. Entering into a contract to buy units of an index is commonly referred to as buying or purchasing a contract or holding a long position in the index. Entering into a contract to sell units of an index is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position. A unit is the current value of the index. The fund may enter into stock index futures contracts, debt index futures contracts, or other index futures contracts appropriate to its objective(s). The fund may also purchase and sell options on index futures contracts.

For example, the Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Stock Price Index ("S&P 500") is composed of 500 selected U.S. common stocks. The S&P 500 assigns relative weightings to the common stocks included in the Index, and the value fluctuates with changes in the market values of those common stocks. In the case of the S&P 500, contracts are currently to buy or sell 250 units. Thus, if the value of the S&P 500 were $150, one contract would be worth $37,500 (250 units x $150). The stock index futures contract specifies that no delivery of the actual stocks making up the index will take place. Instead, settlement in cash must occur upon the termination of the contract, with the settlement being the difference between the contract price and the actual level of the stock index at the expiration of the contract. For example, if the fund enters into a futures contract to buy 250 units of the S&P 500 at a specified future date at a contract price of $150 and the S&P 500 is at $154 on that future date, the fund will gain $1,000 (250 units x gain of $4). If the fund enters into a futures contract to sell 250 units of the stock index at a specified future date at a contract price of $150 and the S&P 500 is at $152 on that future date, the fund will lose $500 (250 units x loss of $2).

Options on futures contracts. The fund may purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts it may buy or sell and enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. In return for the premium paid, options on futures contracts give the purchaser the right to assume a position in a futures contract at the specified option exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option

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will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract, at exercise, exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the future. If an option is exercised on the last trading day prior to its expiration date, the settlement will be made entirely in cash equal to the difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing level of the underlying asset on which the future is based on the expiration date. Purchasers of options who fail to exercise their options prior to the exercise date suffer a loss of the premium paid.

The fund may use options on futures contracts in lieu of writing or buying options directly on the underlying securities or indices or purchasing and selling the underlying futures contracts. For example, to hedge against a possible decrease in the value of its portfolio securities, the fund may purchase put options or write call options on futures contracts rather than selling futures contracts. Similarly, the fund may purchase call options or write put options on futures contracts as a substitute for the purchase of futures contracts to hedge against a possible increase in the price of securities which the fund expects to purchase. Such options generally operate in the same manner, and involve the same risks, as options purchased or written directly on the underlying investments. In addition, the fund will be required to deposit initial margin and maintenance margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it pursuant to brokers' requirements similar to those described above in connection with the discussion of futures contracts. The writing of an option on a futures contract involves risks similar to those relating to the sale of futures contracts.

Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts generally involves less potential risk to the fund because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options (plus transaction costs). However, there may be circumstances when the purchase of a call or put option on a futures contract would result in a loss to the fund when the purchase or sale of a futures contract would not, such as when there is no movement in the prices of the hedged investments.

As an alternative to purchasing call and put options on index futures, the fund may purchase and sell call and put options on the underlying indices themselves. Such options would be used in a manner identical to the use of options on index futures.

Risks of transactions in futures contracts and related options. Successful use of futures contracts by the fund is subject to Putnam Management's ability to predict movements in various factors affecting securities markets, including interest rates and market movements, and, in the case of index futures and futures based on the volatility or variance experienced by an index, Putnam Management’s ability to predict the future level of the index or the future volatility or variance experienced by an index. For example, it is possible that, where the fund has sold futures to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the index on which the futures are written may advance and the value of securities held in the fund's portfolio may decline. If this occurred, the fund would lose money on the futures and also experience a decline in value in its portfolio securities. It is also possible that, if the fund has hedged against the possibility of a decline in the market adversely affecting securities held in its portfolio and securities prices increase instead, the fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of those securities it has hedged because it will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements at a time when it is disadvantageous to do so.

The use of options and futures strategies also involves the risk of imperfect correlation among movements in the prices of the securities or other assets underlying the futures and options purchased and sold by the fund, of the options and futures contracts themselves, and, in the case of hedging transactions, of the securities which are the subject of a hedge. In addition to the possibility that there may be an imperfect correlation, or no correlation at all, between movements in the futures used by the fund and the portion of the portfolio being hedged, the prices of futures may not correlate perfectly with movements in the underlying asset due to certain market distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions which could distort the normal relationship between the underlying

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asset and futures markets. Second, margin requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market, and as a result the futures market may attract more speculators than the securities market does. Increased participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and also because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the underlying asset and movements in the prices of related futures, even a correct forecast of general market trends by Putnam Management may still not result in a profitable position.

There is no assurance that higher than anticipated trading activity or other unforeseen events might not, at times, render certain market clearing facilities inadequate, and thereby result in the institution by exchanges of special procedures which may interfere with the timely execution of customer orders.

To reduce or eliminate a position held by the fund, the fund may seek to close out such position. The ability to establish and close out positions will be subject to the development and maintenance of a liquid secondary market. It is not certain that this market will develop or continue to exist for a particular futures contract or option. Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain contracts or options; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of contracts or options, or underlying securities; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange or a clearing corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of contracts or options (or a particular class or series of contracts or options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange for such contracts or options (or in the class or series of contracts or options) would cease to exist, although outstanding contracts or options on the exchange that had been issued by a clearing corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

Hybrid Instruments

These instruments are generally considered derivatives and include indexed or structured securities, and combine the elements of futures contracts or options with those of debt, preferred equity or a depository instrument. A hybrid instrument may be a debt security, preferred stock, warrant, convertible security, certificate of deposit or other evidence of indebtedness on which a portion of or all interest payments, and/or the principal or stated amount payable at maturity, redemption or retirement, is determined by reference to prices, changes in prices, or differences between prices, of securities, currencies, intangibles, goods, articles or commodities (collectively, “underlying assets”), or by another objective index, economic factor or other measure, including interest rates, currency exchange rates, or commodities or securities indices (collectively, “benchmarks”). Hybrid instruments may take a number of forms, including, but not limited to, debt instruments with interest or principal payments or redemption terms determined by reference to the value of an index at a future time, preferred stock with dividend rates determined by reference to the value of a currency, or convertible securities with the conversion terms related to a particular commodity.

The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and

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interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the fund may not be successful.

Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if “leverage” is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain.

Hybrid instruments can be an efficient means of creating exposure to a particular market, or segment of a market, with the objective of enhancing total return. For example, a fund may wish to take advantage of expected declines in interest rates in several European countries, but avoid the transaction costs associated with buying and currency-hedging the foreign bond positions. One solution would be to purchase a U.S. dollar-denominated hybrid instrument whose redemption price is linked to the average three year interest rate in a designated group of countries. The redemption price formula would provide for payoffs of less than par if rates were above the specified level. Furthermore, a fund could limit the downside risk of the security by establishing a minimum redemption price so that the principal paid at maturity could not be below a predetermined minimum level if interest rates were to rise significantly. The purpose of this arrangement, known as a structured security with an embedded put option, would be to give the fund the desired European bond exposure while avoiding currency risk, limiting downside market risk, and lowering transaction costs. Of course, there is no guarantee that the strategy will be successful and the fund could lose money if, for example, interest rates do not move as anticipated or credit problems develop with the issuer of the hybrid instrument.

Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time.

Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often “customized” to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of such an investment could be zero. In addition, because the purchase and sale of hybrid investments could take place in an over-the-counter market without the guarantee of a central clearing organization, or in a transaction between the fund and the issuer of the hybrid instrument, the creditworthiness of the counterparty of the issuer of the hybrid instrument would be an additional risk factor the fund would have to consider and monitor. In addition, uncertainty regarding the tax treatment of hybrid instruments may reduce demand for such instruments. Hybrid instruments also may not be subject to regulation by the CFTC, which generally regulates the trading of commodity futures by U.S. persons, the SEC, which regulates the offer and sale of securities by and to U.S. persons, or any other governmental regulatory authority.

Inflation-Protected Securities

The fund may invest in U.S. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (“U.S. TIPS”), which are fixed income securities issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury, the principal amounts of which are adjusted daily based upon changes in the rate of inflation. The fund may also invest in other inflation-protected securities issued by non-U.S. governments or by private issuers. U.S. TIPS pay interest on a semi-annual basis, equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted principal amount. The interest rate on these bonds is fixed at issuance, but over the life of the bond this interest may be paid on an increasing or decreasing principal value that has been adjusted for inflation.

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Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed for U.S. TIPS, even during a period of deflation. However, because the principal amount of U.S. TIPS would be adjusted downward during a period of deflation, the fund will be subject to deflation risk with respect to its investments in these securities. In addition, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate. If the fund purchases U.S. TIPS in the secondary market whose principal values have been adjusted upward due to inflation since issuance, the fund may experience a loss if there is a subsequent period of deflation. The fund may also invest in other inflation-related bonds which may or may not provide a guarantee of principal. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal amount.

The periodic adjustment of U.S. TIPS is currently tied to the CPI-U, which is calculated by the U.S. Department of Treasury. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. Inflation-protected bonds issued by a non-U.S. government are generally adjusted to reflect a comparable inflation index, calculated by that government. There can no assurance that the CPI-U or any non-U.S. inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond's inflation measure. In addition, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a non-U.S. country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States.

In general, the value of inflation-protected bonds is expected to fluctuate in response to changes in real interest rates, which are in turn tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-protected bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increased at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-protected bonds. If inflation is lower than expected during the period the fund holds the security, the fund may earn less on the security than on a conventional bond. Any increase in principal value is taxable in the year the increase occurs, even though holders do not receive cash representing the increase at that time. As a result, when the fund invests in inflation-protected securities, it could be required at times to liquidate other investments, including when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements as a regulated investment company and to eliminate any fund-level income tax liability under the Internal Revenue Code.

The U.S. Treasury began issuing inflation-protected bonds in 1997. Certain non-U.S. governments, such as the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia, have a longer history of issuing inflation-protected bonds, and there may be a more liquid market in certain of these countries for these securities.

Initial Public Offerings

The fund may purchase debt or equity securities in initial public offerings (“IPOs”). These securities, which are often issued by unseasoned companies, may be subject to many of the same risks of investing in companies with smaller market capitalizations. Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history, and information about the companies may be available for very limited periods. Securities issued in an IPO frequently are very volatile in price, and the fund may hold securities purchased in an IPO for a very short period of time. As a result, the fund’s investments in IPOs may increase portfolio turnover, which increases brokerage and administrative costs and may result in taxable distributions to shareholders.

At any particular time or from time to time the fund may not be able to invest in securities issued in IPOs, or invest to the extent desired because, for example, only a small portion (if any) of the securities being offered in an IPO may be made available to the fund. In addition, under certain market conditions a relatively small number of companies may issue securities in IPOs. Similarly, as the number of Putnam funds to which IPO securities are allocated increases, the number of securities issued to any one fund may decrease. The investment performance of the fund during periods when it is unable to invest significantly or at all in IPOs

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may be lower than during periods when the fund is able to do so. In addition, as the fund increases in size, the impact of IPOs on the fund’s performance will generally decrease.

Interfund Borrowing and Lending

To satisfy redemption requests or to cover unanticipated cash shortfalls, the fund has entered into a Master Interfund Lending Agreement by and among each Putnam fund and Putnam Management (the “Interfund Lending Agreement”) under which the fund would lend or borrow money for temporary purposes directly to or from another Putnam fund (an “Interfund Loan”), subject to meeting the conditions of an SEC exemptive order granted to the fund permitting such Interfund Loans. All Interfund Loans would consist only of uninvested cash reserves that the lending fund otherwise would invest in short-term repurchase agreements or other short-term instruments. At this time, Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund is the only Putnam fund expected to make its uninvested cash reserves available for Interfund Loans.

If the fund has outstanding borrowings, any Interfund Loans to the fund (a) would be at an interest rate equal to or lower than that of any outstanding bank loan, (b) would be secured at least on an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding bank loan that requires collateral, and (c) would have a maturity no longer than any outstanding bank loan (and in any event not over seven days). In addition, if an event of default were to occur under any agreement evidencing an outstanding bank loan to the fund, the event of default would automatically (without need for action or notice by the lending fund) constitute an immediate event of default under the Interfund Lending Agreement entitling the lending fund to call the Interfund Loan (and exercise all rights with respect to any collateral) and such a call would be deemed made if the lending bank exercises its right to call its loan under its agreement with the borrowing fund.

The fund may make an unsecured borrowing under the Interfund Lending Agreement if its outstanding borrowings from all sources immediately after the interfund borrowing total 10% or less of its total assets; provided, that if the fund has a secured loan outstanding from any other lender, including but not limited to another Putnam fund, the fund’s Interfund Loan would be secured on at least an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding loan secured by collateral. If the fund’s total outstanding borrowings immediately after an interfund borrowing would be greater than 10% of its total assets, the fund may borrow through the credit facility on a secured basis only. All secured Interfund Loans would be secured by the pledge of segregated collateral with a market value equal to at least 102% of the outstanding principal value of the Interfund Loan. The fund may not borrow from any source if its total outstanding borrowings immediately after the borrowing would exceed the limits imposed by Section 18 of the 1940 Act or the fund’s fundamental investment restrictions.

The fund may not lend to another Putnam fund under the Interfund Lending Agreement if the Interfund Loan would cause its aggregate outstanding Interfund Loans to exceed 15% of the fund’s current net assets at the time of the Interfund Loan. The fund’s Interfund Loans to any one fund may not exceed 5% of the lending fund’s net assets. The duration of Interfund Loans would be limited to the time required to receive payment for securities sold, but in no event may the duration exceed seven days. Interfund Loans effected within seven days of each other would be treated as separate loan transactions for purposes of this condition. Each Interfund Loan may be called on one business day’s notice by a lending fund and may be repaid on any day by a borrowing fund.

The limitations detailed above and the other conditions of the SEC exemptive order permitting interfund lending are designed to minimize the risks associated with interfund lending for both the lending fund and the borrowing fund. However, no borrowing or lending activity is without risk. If the fund borrows money from another fund, there is a risk that the Interfund Loan could be called on one day’s notice or not renewed, in which case the fund may have to borrow from a bank at higher rates if an Interfund Loan were not available from another fund. A delay in repayment to a lending fund could result in a lost opportunity or additional

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lending costs, and interfund loans are subject to the risk that the borrowing fund could be unable to repay the loan when due.

Inverse Floaters

These securities have variable interest rates that typically move in the opposite direction from movements in prevailing short-term interest rate levels – rising when prevailing short-term interest rate fall, and vice versa. The prices of inverse floaters can be considerably more volatile than the prices of bonds with comparable maturities. The fund currently does not intend to invest more than 15% of its assets in inverse floating obligations.

Investment Ratings

The securities in which money market funds invest must be rated in one of the two highest short-term rating categories (without regard for gradations or subcategories) by one or more Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (NRSROs) or be deemed by Putnam Management to be of comparable quality to securities having such ratings. Money market funds will rely on the two highest ratings given to a security by the NRSROs for purposes of complying with this requirement. If one or both of the two highest ratings are in the second highest short-term rating category, the security is treated as a Second Tier Security. Generally, Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act prohibits a money market fund from investing more than 3% of its assets in Second Tier Securities. Money market funds comply with these rating requirements at the time a security is acquired. If a security is downgraded to Second Tier after its acquisition, the money market funds may continue to hold the security even if the portfolio exceeds Rule 2a-7’s limits on Second Tier Securities. Other factors, such as substantial redemptions, may cause a money market fund’s portfolio to exceed Rule 2a-7 limits on the acquisition of securities. A money market fund may continue to hold securities in excess of these limits, even if the fund has the right to tender the security for purchase for its amortized cost value.

Lower-rated Securities

The fund may invest in lower-rated fixed-income securities (commonly known as "junk bonds"). The lower ratings reflect a greater possibility that adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer or in general economic conditions, or both, or an unanticipated rise in interest rates, may impair the ability of the issuer to make payments of interest and principal. The inability (or perceived inability) of issuers to make timely payment of interest and principal would likely make the values of securities held by the fund more volatile and could limit the fund's ability to sell its securities at prices approximating the values the fund had placed on such securities. In the absence of a liquid trading market for securities held by it, the fund at times may be unable to establish the fair value of such securities.

Securities ratings are based largely on the issuer's historical financial condition and the rating agencies' analysis at the time of rating. Consequently, the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuer's current financial condition, which may be better or worse than the rating would indicate. In addition, the rating assigned to a security by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor's (or by any other nationally recognized securities rating agency) does not reflect an assessment of the volatility of the security's market value or the liquidity of an investment in the security. See "SECURITIES RATINGS."

Like those of other fixed-income securities, the values of lower-rated securities fluctuate in response to changes in interest rates. A decrease in interest rates will generally result in an increase in the value of the fund's fixed-income assets. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the value of the fund's fixed-income assets will generally decline. The values of lower-rated securities may often be affected to a greater extent by changes in general economic conditions and business conditions affecting the issuers of such securities and their industries. Negative publicity or investor perceptions may also adversely affect the values of lower-rated securities. Changes by nationally recognized securities rating agencies in their ratings of any fixed-income security and changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal may

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also affect the value of these investments. Changes in the value of portfolio securities generally will not affect income derived from these securities, but will affect the fund's net asset value. The fund will not necessarily dispose of a security when its rating is reduced below its rating at the time of purchase. However, Putnam Management will monitor the investment to determine whether its retention will assist in meeting the fund's investment objective(s).

Issuers of lower-rated securities are often highly leveraged, so that their ability to service their debt obligations during an economic downturn or during sustained periods of rising interest rates may be impaired. Such issuers may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them and may be unable to repay outstanding obligations at maturity by refinancing. The risk of loss due to default in payment of interest or repayment of principal by such issuers is significantly greater because such securities frequently are unsecured and subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness.

At times, a substantial portion of the fund's assets may be invested in an issue of which the fund, by itself or together with other funds and accounts managed by Putnam Management or its affiliates, holds all or a major portion. Although Putnam Management generally considers such securities to be liquid because of the availability of an institutional market for such securities, it is possible that, under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the fund could find it more difficult to sell these securities when Putnam Management believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell the securities only at prices lower than if they were more widely held. Under these circumstances, it may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the fund's net asset value. In order to enforce its rights in the event of a default, the fund may be required to participate in various legal proceedings or take possession of and manage assets securing the issuer's obligations on such securities. This could increase the fund's operating expenses and adversely affect the fund's net asset value. In the case of tax-exempt funds, any income derived from the fund's ownership or operation of such assets would not be tax-exempt. The ability of a holder of a tax-exempt security to enforce the terms of that security in a bankruptcy proceeding may be more limited than would be the case with respect to securities of private issuers. In addition, the fund's intention to qualify as a "regulated investment company" under the Internal Revenue Code may limit the extent to which the fund may exercise its rights by taking possession of such assets.

To the extent the fund invests in securities in the lower rating categories, the achievement of the fund's goals is more dependent on Putnam Management's investment analysis than would be the case if the fund were investing in securities in the higher rating categories.

Money Market Instruments

Money market instruments, or short-term debt instruments, consist of obligations such as commercial paper, bank obligations (i.e., certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances), repurchase agreements and various government obligations, such as Treasury bills. These instruments have a remaining maturity of one year or less and are generally of high credit quality. Money market instruments may be structured to be, or may employ a trust or other form so that they are, eligible investments for money market funds. For example, put features can be used to modify the maturity of a security or interest rate adjustment features can be used to enhance price stability. If a structure fails to function as intended, adverse tax or investment consequences may result. Neither the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) nor any other regulatory authority has ruled definitively on certain legal issues presented by certain structured securities. Future tax or other regulatory determinations could adversely affect the value, liquidity, or tax treatment of the income received from these securities or the nature and timing of distributions made by the funds.

Commercial paper is a money market instrument issued by banks or companies to raise money for short-term purposes. Unlike some other debt obligations, commercial paper is typically unsecured. Commercial paper may be issued as an asset-backed security (that is, backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations of a

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number of different issuers), in which case certain of the risks discussed in “Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed securities” would apply. Commercial paper is traded primarily among institutions.

Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund may invest in bankers’ acceptances issued by banks with deposits in excess of $2 billion (or the foreign currency equivalent) at the close of the last calendar year. If the Trustees change this minimum deposit requirement, shareholders would be notified. Other Putnam funds may invest in bankers’ acceptances without regard to this requirement.

In accordance with rules issued by the SEC, the fund may from time to time invest all or a portion of its cash balances in money market and/or short-term bond funds advised by Putnam Management. In connection with such investments, Putnam Management may waive a portion of the advisory fees otherwise payable by the fund. See “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI for the amount, if any, waived by Putnam Management in connection with such investments.

Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities

Mortgage-backed securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") and certain stripped mortgage-backed securities, represent a participation in, or are secured by, mortgage loans. Asset-backed securities are structured like mortgage-backed securities, but instead of mortgage loans or interests in mortgage loans, the underlying assets may include such items as motor vehicle installment sales or installment loan contracts, leases of various types of real and personal property and receivables from credit card agreements.

Mortgage-backed securities have yield and maturity characteristics corresponding to the underlying assets. Unlike traditional debt securities, which may pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity, when the entire principal amount comes due, payments on certain mortgage-backed securities include both interest and a partial repayment of principal. Besides the scheduled repayment of principal, repayments of principal may result from the voluntary prepayment, refinancing or foreclosure of the underlying mortgage loans. If property owners make unscheduled prepayments of their mortgage loans, these prepayments will result in early payment of the applicable mortgage-backed securities. In that event the fund may be unable to invest the proceeds from the early payment of the mortgage-backed securities in an investment that provides as high a yield as the mortgage-backed securities. Consequently, early payment associated with mortgage-backed securities may cause these securities to experience significantly greater price and yield volatility than that experienced by traditional fixed-income securities. The occurrence of mortgage prepayments is affected by factors including the level of interest rates, general economic conditions, the location and age of the mortgage and other social and demographic conditions. During periods of falling interest rates, the rate of mortgage prepayments tends to increase, thereby tending to decrease the life of mortgage-backed securities. During periods of rising interest rates, the rate of mortgage prepayments usually decreases, thereby tending to increase the life of mortgage-backed securities. If the life of a mortgage-backed security is inaccurately predicted, the fund may not be able to realize the rate of return it expected.

Adjustable rate mortgage securities (“ARMs”), like traditional mortgage-backed securities, are interests in pools of mortgage loans that provide investors with payments consisting of both principal and interest as mortgage loans in the underlying mortgage pool are paid off by the borrowers. Unlike fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities, ARMs are collateralized by or represent interests in mortgage loans with variable rates of interest. These interest rates are reset at periodic intervals, usually by reference to an interest rate index or market interest rate. Although the rate adjustment feature may act as a buffer to reduce sharp changes in the value of adjustable rate securities, these securities are still subject to changes in value based on, among other things, changes in market interest rates or changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness. Because the interest rates are reset only periodically, changes in the interest rate on ARMs may lag changes in prevailing market interest rates. Also, some ARMs (or the underlying mortgages) are subject to caps or floors that limit the maximum change in the interest rate during a specified period or over the life of the security. As a result, changes in the interest rate on an ARM may not fully reflect changes in prevailing market interest rates during certain periods.

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The fund may also invest in “hybrid” ARMs, whose underlying mortgages combine fixed-rate and adjustable rate features.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are less effective than other types of securities as a means of "locking in" attractive long-term interest rates. One reason is the need to reinvest prepayments of principal; another is the possibility of significant unscheduled prepayments resulting from declines in interest rates. These prepayments would have to be reinvested at lower rates. The automatic interest rate adjustment feature of mortgages underlying ARMs likewise reduces the ability to lock-in attractive rates. As a result, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities may have less potential for capital appreciation during periods of declining interest rates than other securities of comparable maturities, although they may have a similar risk of decline in market value during periods of rising interest rates. Prepayments may also significantly shorten the effective maturities of these securities, especially during periods of declining interest rates. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, a reduction in prepayments may increase the effective maturities of these securities, subjecting them to a greater risk of decline in market value in response to rising interest rates than traditional debt securities, and, therefore, potentially increasing the volatility of the fund.

At times, some mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities will have higher than market interest rates and therefore will be purchased at a premium above their par value. Prepayments may cause losses on securities purchased at a premium.

CMOs may be issued by a U.S. government agency or instrumentality or by a private issuer. Although payment of the principal of, and interest on, the underlying collateral securing privately issued CMOs may be guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities, these CMOs represent obligations solely of the private issuer and are not insured or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities or any other person or entity.

Prepayments could cause early retirement of CMOs. CMOs are designed to reduce the risk of prepayment for investors by issuing multiple classes of securities, each having different maturities, interest rates and payment schedules, and with the principal and interest on the underlying mortgages allocated among the several classes in various ways. Payment of interest or principal on some classes or series of CMOs may be subject to contingencies or some classes or series may bear some or all of the risk of default on the underlying mortgages. CMOs of different classes or series are generally retired in sequence as the underlying mortgage loans in the mortgage pool are repaid. If enough mortgages are repaid ahead of schedule, the classes or series of a CMO with the earliest maturities generally will be retired prior to their maturities. Thus, the early retirement of particular classes or series of a CMO would have the same effect as the prepayment of mortgages underlying other mortgage-backed securities. Conversely, slower than anticipated prepayments can extend the effective maturities of CMOs, subjecting them to a greater risk of decline in market value in response to rising interest rates than traditional debt securities, and, therefore, potentially increasing their volatility.

Prepayments could result in losses on stripped mortgage-backed securities. Stripped mortgage-backed securities are usually structured with two classes that receive different portions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage loans. The yield to maturity on an interest only or “IO” class of stripped mortgage-backed securities is extremely sensitive not only to changes in prevailing interest rates but also to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the underlying assets. A rapid rate of principal prepayments may have a measurable adverse effect on the fund's yield to maturity to the extent it invests in IOs. If the assets underlying the IO experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, principal only or “POs” tend to increase in value if prepayments are greater than anticipated and decline if prepayments are slower than anticipated. The secondary market for stripped mortgage-backed securities may be more volatile and less liquid than that for other mortgage-backed securities, potentially limiting the fund's ability to buy or sell those securities at any particular time. The fund currently does not intend to invest more than 35% of its assets in IOs and POs under normal market conditions.

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The risks associated with other asset-backed securities (including in particular the risks of issuer default and of early prepayment) are generally similar to those described above for CMOs. In addition, because asset-backed securities generally do not have the benefit of a security interest in the underlying assets that is comparable to a mortgage, asset-backed securities present certain additional risks that are not present with mortgage-backed securities. The ability of an issuer of asset-backed securities to enforce its security interest in the underlying assets may be limited. For example, revolving credit receivables are generally unsecured and the debtors on such receivables are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give debtors the right to set-off certain amounts owed, thereby reducing the balance due. Automobile receivables generally are secured, but by automobiles, rather than by real property.

Asset-backed securities may be collateralized by the fees earned by service providers. The value of asset-backed securities may be substantially dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset and are therefore subject to risks associated with negligence by, or defalcation of, their servicers. In certain circumstances, the mishandling of related documentation may also affect the rights of the security holders in and to the underlying collateral. The insolvency of entities that generate receivables or that utilize the assets may result in added costs and delays in addition to losses associated with a decline in the value of the underlying assets.

Options on Securities

Writing covered options. The fund may write covered call options and covered put options on optionable securities held in its portfolio or that it has an absolute and immediate right to acquire without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees, in such amount as are set aside on the fund’s books), when in the opinion of Putnam Management such transactions are consistent with the fund's investment objective(s) and policies. Call options written by the fund give the purchaser the right to buy the underlying securities from the fund at a stated exercise price; put options give the purchaser the right to sell the underlying securities to the fund at a stated price.

The fund may write only covered options, which means that, so long as the fund is obligated as the writer of a call option, it will own the underlying securities subject to the option (or comparable securities satisfying the cover requirements of securities exchanges) or have an absolute and immediate right to acquire without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees, in such amount as are set aside on the fund’s books). In the case of put options, the fund will set aside on its books assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees and equal in value to the price to be paid if the option is exercised. In addition, the fund will be considered to have covered a put or call option if and to the extent that it holds an option that offsets some or all of the risk of the option it has written. The fund may write combinations of covered puts and calls on the same underlying security.

The fund will receive a premium from writing a put or call option, which increases the fund's return in the event the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a profit. The amount of the premium reflects, among other things, the relationship between the exercise price and the current market value of the underlying security, the volatility of the underlying security, the amount of time remaining until expiration, current interest rates, and the effect of supply and demand in the options market and in the market for the underlying security. By writing a call option, if the fund holds the security, the fund limits its opportunity to profit from any increase in the market value of the underlying security above the exercise price of the option but continues to bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security. If the fund does not hold the underlying security, the fund bears the risk that, if the market price exceeds the option strike price, the fund will suffer a loss equal to the difference at the time of exercise. By writing a put option, the fund assumes the risk that it may be required to purchase the underlying security for an exercise price higher than its then-current market value, resulting in a potential capital loss unless the security subsequently appreciates in value.

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The fund may terminate an option that it has written prior to its expiration by entering into a closing purchase transaction, in which it purchases an offsetting option. The fund realizes a profit or loss from a closing transaction if the cost of the transaction (option premium plus transaction costs) is less or more than the premium received from writing the option. If the fund writes a call option but does not own the underlying security, and when it writes a put option, the fund may be required to deposit cash or securities with its broker as "margin," or collateral, for its obligation to buy or sell the underlying security. As the value of the underlying security varies, the fund may have to deposit additional margin with the broker. Margin requirements are complex and are fixed by individual brokers, subject to minimum requirements currently imposed by the Federal Reserve Board and by stock exchanges and other self-regulatory organizations.

Purchasing put options. The fund may purchase put options to protect its portfolio holdings in an underlying security against a decline in market value. Such protection is provided during the life of the put option since the fund, as holder of the option, is able to sell the underlying security at the put exercise price regardless of any decline in the underlying security's market price. In order for a put option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must decline sufficiently below the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction costs. By using put options in this manner, the fund will reduce any profit it might otherwise have realized from appreciation of the underlying security by the premium paid for the put option and by transaction costs. The fund may also purchase put options for other investment purposes, including to take a short position in the security underlying the put option.

Purchasing call options. The fund may purchase call options to hedge against an increase in the price of securities that the fund wants ultimately to buy. Such hedge protection is provided during the life of the call option since the fund, as holder of the call option, is able to buy the underlying security at the exercise price regardless of any increase in the underlying security's market price. In order for a call option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must rise sufficiently above the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction costs. The fund may also purchase call options for other investment purposes.

Risk factors in options transactions. The successful use of the fund's options strategies depends on the ability of Putnam Management to forecast correctly interest rate and market movements. For example, if the fund were to write a call option based on Putnam Management's expectation that the price of the underlying security would fall, but the price were to rise instead, the fund could be required to sell the security upon exercise at a price below the current market price. Similarly, if the fund were to write a put option based on Putnam Management's expectation that the price of the underlying security would rise, but the price were to fall instead, the fund could be required to purchase the security upon exercise at a price higher than the current market price.

When the fund purchases an option, it runs the risk that it will lose its entire investment in the option in a relatively short period of time, unless the fund exercises the option or enters into a closing sale transaction before the option's expiration. If the price of the underlying security does not rise (in the case of a call) or fall (in the case of a put) to an extent sufficient to cover the option premium and transaction costs, the fund will lose part or all of its investment in the option. This contrasts with an investment by the fund in the underlying security, since the fund will not realize a loss if the security's price does not change.

The effective use of options also depends on the fund's ability to terminate option positions at times when Putnam Management deems it desirable to do so. There is no assurance that the fund will be able to effect closing transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price. If a secondary market in options were to become unavailable, the fund could no longer engage in closing transactions. Lack of investor interest might adversely affect the liquidity of the market for particular options or series of options. A market may discontinue trading of a particular option or options generally. In addition, a market could become temporarily unavailable if unusual events -- such as volume in excess of trading or clearing capability -- were to interrupt its normal operations.

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A market may at times find it necessary to impose restrictions on particular types of options transactions, such as opening transactions. For example, if an underlying security ceases to meet qualifications imposed by the market or the Options Clearing Corporation, new series of options on that security will no longer be opened to replace expiring series, and opening transactions in existing series may be prohibited. If an options market were to become unavailable, the fund as a holder of an option would be able to realize profits or limit losses only by exercising the option, and the fund, as option writer, would remain obligated under the option until expiration or exercise.

Disruptions in the markets for the securities underlying options purchased or sold by the fund could result in losses on the options. For example, if a fund is unable to purchase a security underlying a put option it had purchased, the fund may be unable to exercise the put option. If trading is interrupted in an underlying security, the trading of options on that security is normally halted as well. As a result, the fund as purchaser or writer of an option will be unable to close out its positions until options trading resumes, and it may be faced with considerable losses if trading in the security reopens at a substantially different price. In addition, the Options Clearing Corporation or other options markets may impose exercise restrictions. If a prohibition on exercise is imposed at the time when trading in the option has also been halted, the fund as purchaser or writer of an option will be locked into its position until one of the two restrictions has been lifted. If the Options Clearing Corporation were to determine that the available supply of an underlying security appears insufficient to permit delivery by the writers of all outstanding calls in the event of exercise, it may prohibit indefinitely the exercise of put options. The fund, as holder of such a put option, could lose its entire investment if it is unable to exercise the put option prior to its expiration.

Foreign-traded options are subject to many of the same risks presented by internationally-traded securities. In addition, because of time differences between the United States and various foreign countries, and because different holidays are observed in different countries, foreign options markets may be open for trading during hours or on days when U.S. markets are closed. As a result, option premiums may not reflect the current prices of the underlying interest in the United States.

Over-the-counter ("OTC") options purchased by the fund and assets held to cover OTC options written by the fund may, under certain circumstances, be considered illiquid securities for purposes of any limitation on the fund's ability to invest in illiquid securities. The fund may use both European-style options, which are only exercisable immediately prior to their expiration, and American-style options, which are exercisable at any time prior to the expiration date.

In addition to options on securities and futures, the fund may also enter into options on futures, swaps, or other instruments as described elsewhere in this SAI.

Preferred Stocks and Convertible Securities

The fund may invest in preferred stocks or convertible securities. A preferred stock generally pays dividends at a specified rate and has preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of an issuer's assets but is junior to the debt securities of the issuer in those same respects. The market prices of preferred stocks are subject to changes in interest rates and are more sensitive to changes in an issuer's creditworthiness than are the prices of debt securities. Shareholders of preferred stock may suffer a loss of value if dividends are not paid. Under ordinary circumstances, preferred stock does not carry voting rights. In addition, many preferred stocks may be called or redeemed prior to their maturity by the issuer under certain conditions.

Convertible securities include bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks and other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for, at a specific price or formula within a particular period of time, a prescribed amount of common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or dividends paid or accrued on preferred stock until the security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.

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The market value of a convertible security is a function of its "investment value" and its "conversion value." A security's "investment value" represents the value of the security without its conversion feature (i.e., a nonconvertible fixed income security). The investment value may be determined by reference to its credit quality and the current value of its yield to maturity or probable call date. At any given time, investment value is dependent upon such factors as the general level of interest rates, the yield of similar nonconvertible securities, the financial strength of the issuer and the seniority of the security in the issuer's capital structure. A security's "conversion value" is determined by multiplying the number of shares the holder is entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange by the current price of the underlying security.

If the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly below its investment value, the convertible security will trade like nonconvertible debt or preferred stock and its market value will not be influenced greatly by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security. Conversely, if the conversion value of a convertible security is near or above its investment value, the market value of the convertible security will be more heavily influenced by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security. Convertible securities generally have less potential for gain than common stocks.

The fund's investments in convertible securities may at times include securities that have a mandatory conversion feature, pursuant to which the securities convert automatically into common stock or other equity securities at a specified date and a specified conversion ratio, or that are convertible at the option of the issuer. Because conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, the fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.

The fund's investments in preferred stocks and convertible securities, particularly securities that are convertible into securities of an issuer other than the issuer of the convertible security, may be illiquid. The fund may not be able to dispose of such securities in a timely fashion or for a fair price, which could result in losses to the fund.

Private Placements and Restricted Securities

The fund may invest in securities that are purchased in private placements and, accordingly, are subject to restrictions on resale as a matter of contract or under federal securities laws. Because there may be relatively few potential purchasers for such investments, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when Putnam Management believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. At times, it may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the fund's net asset value.

While such private placements may offer attractive opportunities for investment not otherwise available on the open market, the securities so purchased are often "restricted securities," i.e., securities which cannot be sold to the public without registration under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) or the availability of an exemption from registration (such as Rules 144 or 144A), or which are "not readily marketable" because they are subject to other legal or contractual delays in or restrictions on resale.

The absence of a trading market can make it difficult to ascertain a market value for illiquid investments. Disposing of illiquid investments may involve time-consuming negotiation and legal expenses, and it may be difficult or impossible for the fund to sell them promptly at an acceptable price. The fund may have to bear the extra expense of registering such securities for resale and the risk of substantial delay in effecting such registration. In addition, market quotations are less readily available. The judgment of Putnam Management may at times play a greater role in valuing these securities than in the case of publicly traded securities.

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Generally speaking, restricted securities may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers, or in a privately negotiated transaction to a limited number of purchasers, or in limited quantities after they have been held for a specified period of time and other conditions are met pursuant to an exemption from registration, or in a public offering for which a registration statement is in effect under the Securities Act. The fund may be deemed to be an "underwriter" for purposes of the Securities Act when selling restricted securities to the public, and in such event the fund may be liable to purchasers of such securities if the registration statement prepared by the issuer, or the prospectus forming a part of it, is materially inaccurate or misleading. The SEC Staff currently takes the view that any delegation by the Trustees of the authority to determine that a restricted security is readily marketable (as described in the investment restrictions of the funds) must be pursuant to written procedures established by the Trustees and the Trustees have delegated such authority to Putnam Management.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)

The fund may invest in REITs. REITs are pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in either real estate or real estate related loans. Like regulated investment companies such as the fund, REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided that they comply with certain requirements under the Internal Revenue Code. The fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any expenses paid by REITs in which it invests in addition to the fund’s own expenses.

REITs involve certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with investing in the real estate industry in general (such as possible declines in the value of real estate, lack of availability of mortgage funds, or extended vacancies of property). REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REITs, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the risk of borrower default, the likelihood of which is increased for mortgage REITs that invest in sub-prime mortgages. REITs, and mortgage REITs in particular, are also subject to interest rate risk. REITs are dependent upon their operators’ management skills, are generally not diversified (except to the extent the Internal Revenue Code requires), and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency and the risk of default by borrowers. REITs are also subject to the possibility of failing to qualify for tax-free pass-through of income under the Code or failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in a limited volume, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than more widely held securities.

The fund's investment in a REIT may require the fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received or may result in the fund making distributions that constitute a return of capital to fund shareholders for federal income tax purposes. In addition, distributions by a fund from REITs will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction, or, generally, for treatment as qualified dividend income.

Redeemable Securities

Certain securities held by the fund may permit the issuer at its option to "call" or redeem its securities. If an issuer were to redeem securities held by the fund during a time of declining interest rates, the fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as the securities redeemed.

Repurchase Agreements

The fund, unless it is a money market fund, may enter into repurchase agreements amounting to not more than 25% of its total assets, except that this 25% limitation does not apply to repurchase agreements entered into in connection with short sales. Money market funds may invest without limit in repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a contract under which the fund, the buyer under the contract, acquires a security

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subject to the obligation of the seller (or repurchase agreement counterparty) to repurchase, and the fund to resell, the security at a fixed time and price, which represents the fund's cost plus interest (or, for repurchase agreements under which the fund acquires a security and then sells it short, the fund’s cost of “borrowing” the security). A repurchase agreement with a stated maturity of longer than one week is considered an illiquid investment. It is the fund's present intention to enter into repurchase agreements only with banks and registered broker-dealers. The fund may enter into repurchase agreements, including with respect to securities it wishes to sell short. See “Short Sales” in this SAI. Certain of the repurchase agreements related to securities sold short may provide that, at the option of the fund, settlement may be made by delivery of cash equal to the difference between (a) the sum of (i) the market value of the securities sold short at the time the repurchase agreement is closed out and (ii) transaction costs associated with the acquisition in the market by the repurchase agreement counterparty of the securities sold short and (b) the repurchase price specified in the repurchase agreement.

The fund may be exposed to the credit risk of the repurchase agreement counterparty (or seller) in the event that the counterparty is unable to close out the repurchase agreement in accordance with its terms. If the seller defaults, the fund could realize a loss on the sale of the underlying security to the extent that the proceeds of the sale including accrued interest are less than the resale price provided in the agreement including interest. In addition, if the seller should be involved in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, the fund may incur delay and costs in selling the underlying security or may suffer a loss of principal and interest if the fund is treated as an unsecured creditor and required to return the underlying collateral to the seller's estate.

Pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the SEC, the fund may transfer uninvested cash balances into a joint account, along with cash of other Putnam funds and certain other accounts. These balances may be invested in one or more repurchase agreements and/or short-term money market instruments.

Securities Loans

The fund may make secured loans of its portfolio securities, on either a short-term or long-term basis, amounting to not more than 25% of its total assets, thereby realizing additional income. The risks in lending portfolio securities, as with other extensions of credit, consist of possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. If a borrower defaults, the value of the collateral may decline before the fund can dispose of it. As a matter of policy, securities loans are made to broker-dealers pursuant to agreements requiring that the loans be continuously secured by collateral consisting of cash or short-term debt obligations at least equal at all times to the value of the securities on loan, "marked-to-market" daily. The borrower pays to the fund an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on securities lent. The fund retains all or a portion of the interest received on investment of the cash collateral or receives a fee from the borrower. Although voting rights, or rights to consent, with respect to the loaned securities may pass to the borrower, the fund retains the right to call the loans at any time on reasonable notice, and it will do so to enable the fund to exercise voting rights on any matters materially affecting the investment. The fund may also call such loans in order to sell the securities. The fund may pay fees in connection with arranging loans of its portfolio securities.

Securities of Other Investment Companies

Securities of other investment companies, including shares of open- and closed-end investment companies and unit investment trusts (which may include exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”)), represent interests in collective investment portfolios that, in turn, invest directly in underlying instruments. The fund may invest in other investment companies when it has more uninvested cash than Putnam Management believes is advisable, when it receives cash collateral from securities lending arrangements, when there is a shortage of direct investments available, or when Putnam Management believes that investment companies offer attractive values.

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Investment companies may be structured to perform in a similar fashion to a broad-based securities index or may focus on a particular strategy or class of assets. ETFs typically seek to track the performance or dividend yield of specific indexes or companies in related industries. These indexes may be broad-based, sector-based or international. Investing in investment companies involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the underlying instruments, but also involves expenses at the investment company-level, such as portfolio management fees and operating expenses. These expenses are in addition to the fees and expenses of the fund itself, which may lead to duplication of expenses while the fund owns another investment company’s shares. In addition, investing in investment companies involves the risk that they will not perform in exactly the same fashion, or in response to the same factors, as the underlying instruments or index. To the extent the fund invests in other investment companies that are professionally managed, its performance will also depend on the investment and research abilities of investment managers other than Putnam Management.

Open-end investment companies typically offer their shares continuously at net asset value plus any applicable sales charge and stand ready to redeem shares upon shareholder request. The shares of certain other types of investment companies, such as ETFs and closed-end investment companies, typically trade on a stock exchange or over-the-counter at a premium or a discount to their net asset value. In the case of closed-end investment companies, the number of shares is typically fixed. The securities of closed-end investment companies and ETFs carry the risk that the price the fund pays or receives may be higher or lower than the investment company’s net asset value. ETFs and closed-end investment companies are also subject to certain additional risks, including the risks of illiquidity and of possible trading halts due to market conditions or other reasons, based on the policies of the relevant exchange. The shares of investment companies, particularly closed-end investment companies, may also be leveraged, which would increase the volatility of the fund’s net asset value.

The extent to which the fund can invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, is generally limited by federal securities laws.

Short Sales

The fund may engage in short sales of securities either as a hedge against potential declines in value of a portfolio security or to realize appreciation when a security that the fund does not own declines in value. Short sales are transactions in which the fund sells a security it does not own to a third party by borrowing the security in anticipation of purchasing the same security at the market price on a later date to close out the short position. The fund may also engage in short sales by entering into a repurchase agreement with respect to the security it wishes to sell short. See “– Repurchase Agreements” in this SAI. The fund will incur a gain if the price of the security declines between the date of the short sale and the date on which the fund replaces the borrowed security (or closes out the related repurchase agreement); and the fund will incur a loss if the price of the security increases between those dates. Such a loss is theoretically unlimited since the potential increase in the market price of the security sold short is not limited. Until the security is replaced, the fund must pay the lender (or repurchase agreement counterparty) any dividends or interest that accrues during the period of the loan (or repurchase agreement). To borrow (or enter into a repurchase agreement with respect to) the security, the fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The fund’s successful use of short sales is subject to Putnam Management’s ability to accurately predict movements in the market price of the security sold short. Short selling may involve financial leverage because the fund is exposed both to changes in the market price of the security sold short and to changes in the value of securities purchased with the proceeds of the short sale, effectively leveraging its assets. Under adverse market conditions, a fund may have difficulty purchasing securities to meet its short sale delivery obligations, and may be required to close out its short position at a time when the fund would not choose to do so, and may therefore have to sell portfolio securities to raise the capital necessary to meet its short sale obligations at a time when fundamental investment considerations may not favor such sales. While the fund has an open short position, it will segregate, by appropriate notation on its books or the books of its custodian, cash or liquid assets at least equal in value to the market value of the securities sold short. The segregated amount will be “marked-to-market” daily. Because of this segregation, the fund does not consider these transactions to be “senior

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securities” for purposes of the 1940 Act. In connection with short sale transactions, the fund may be required to pledge certain additional assets for the benefit of the securities lender (or repurchase agreement counterparty) and the fund may, while such assets remain pledged, be limited in its ability to invest those assets in accordance with the fund’s investment strategies.

Certain of the repurchase agreements related to securities sold short may provide that, at the option of the fund, in lieu of delivering the securities sold short, settlement may be made by delivery of cash equal to the difference between (a) the sum of (i) the market value of the securities sold short at the time the repurchase agreement is closed out and (ii) transaction costs associated with the acquisition in the market by the repurchase agreement counterparty of the securities sold short and (b) the repurchase price specified in the repurchase agreement. Because that cash amount represents the fund’s maximum loss in the event of the insolvency of the counterparty, the fund will, except where the local market practice for foreign securities to be sold short requires payment prior to delivery of such securities, treat such amount, rather than the full notional amount of the repurchase agreement, as its “investment” in securities of the counterparty for purposes of all applicable investment restrictions, including its fundamental policy with respect to diversification.

Short-term Trading

In seeking the fund's objective(s), Putnam Management will buy or sell portfolio securities whenever Putnam Management believes it appropriate to do so. From time to time the fund will buy securities intending to seek short-term trading profits. A change in the securities held by the fund is known as "portfolio turnover" and generally involves some expense to the fund. This expense may include brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income. As a result of the fund's investment policies, under certain market conditions the fund's portfolio turnover rate may be higher than that of other mutual funds. Portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities -- excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when Putnam Management considers a change in the fund's portfolio.

Special Purpose Acquisition Companies

The fund may invest in stock, warrants, and other securities of special purpose acquisition companies (“SPACs”) or similar special purpose entities that pool funds to seek potential acquisition opportunities. Unless and until an acquisition is completed, a SPAC generally invests its assets (less a portion retained to cover expenses) in U.S. Government securities, money market securities and cash; if an acquisition that meets the requirements for the SPAC is not completed within a pre-established period of time, the invested funds are returned to the entity’s shareholders. Because SPACs and similar entities are in essence blank check companies without an operating history or ongoing business other than seeking acquisitions, the value of their securities is particularly dependent on the ability of the entity’s management to identify and complete a profitable acquisition. Some SPACs may pursue acquisitions only within certain industries or regions, which may increase the volatility of their prices. In addition, these securities, which are typically traded in the over-the-counter market, may be considered illiquid and/or be subject to restrictions on resale.

Structured investments

A structured investment is a security having a return tied to an underlying index or other security or asset class. Structured investments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. Structured investments are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security. This restructuring involves the deposit with or purchase by an entity, such as a corporation or trust, or specified instruments (such as commercial bank loans) and the issuance by that entity or one or more classes of securities (“structured securities”) backed by, or representing interests in, the

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underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of such payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments. Because structured securities typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. Investments in structured securities are generally of a class of structured securities that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured securities typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured securities. Structured securities are typically sold in private placement transactions, and there currently is no active trading market for structured securities. Investments in government and government-related and restructured debt instruments are subject to special risks, including the inability or unwillingness to repay principal and interest, requests to reschedule or restructure outstanding debt and requests to extend additional loan amounts.

Swap Agreements

The fund may enter into swap agreements and other types of over-the-counter transactions such as caps, floors and collars with broker-dealers or other financial institutions for hedging or investment purposes. A swap involves the exchange by the fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive cash flows, e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed-rate payments. The purchase of a cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index or other underlying financial measure exceeds a predetermined value on a predetermined date or dates, to receive payments on a notional principal amount from the party selling the cap. The purchase of a floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index or other underlying financial measure falls or other underlying measure below a predetermined value on a predetermined date or dates, to receive payments on a notional principal amount from the party selling the floor. A collar combines elements of a cap and a floor.

Swap agreements and similar transactions can be individually negotiated and structured to include exposure to a variety of different types of investments or market factors. Depending on their structures, swap agreements may increase or decrease the fund's exposure to long-or short-term interest rates (in the United States or abroad), foreign currency values, mortgage securities, mortgage rates, corporate borrowing rates, or other factors such as security prices, inflation rates or the volatility of an index or one or more securities. For example, if the fund agrees to exchange payments in U.S. dollars for payments in a non-U.S. currency, the swap agreement would tend to decrease the fund's exposure to U.S. interest rates and increase its exposure to that non-U.S. currency and interest rates. The fund may also engage in total return swaps, in which payments made by the fund or the counterparty are based on the total return of a particular reference asset or assets (such as an equity or fixed-income security, a combination of such securities, or an index). The value of the fund's swap positions would increase or decrease depending on the changes in value of the underlying rates, currency values, volatility or other indices or measures. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options. Depending on how they are used, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of a fund’s investments and its share price. The fund's ability to engage in certain swap transactions may be limited by tax considerations.

The fund’s ability to realize a profit from such transactions will depend on the ability of the financial institutions with which it enters into the transactions to meet their obligations to the fund. If a counterparty's creditworthiness declines, the value of the agreement would be likely to decline, potentially resulting in losses. If a default occurs by the other party to such transaction, the fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction, which may be limited by applicable law in the case of a counterparty's insolvency. Under certain circumstances, suitable transactions may not be available to the fund, or the fund may be unable to close out its position under such transactions at the same time, or at the same price, as if it had purchased comparable publicly traded securities.

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The fund may also enter into options on swap agreements ("swaptions"). A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions to the same extent it may make use of standard options on securities or other instruments. Swaptions are generally subject to the same risks involved in the fund’s use of options. See “—Options on Securities.”

A credit default swap is an agreement between the fund and a counterparty that enables the fund to buy or sell protection against a credit event related to a particular issuer. One party, acting as a “protection buyer,” makes periodic payments to the other party, a “protection seller,” in exchange for a promise by the protection seller to make a payment to the protection buyer if a negative credit event (such as a delinquent payment or default) occurs with respect to a referenced bond or group of bonds. Credit default swaps may also be structured based on the debt of a basket of issuers, rather than a single issuer, and may be customized with respect to the default event that triggers purchase or other factors (for example, the Nth default within a basket, or defaults by a particular combination of issuers within the basket, may trigger a payment obligation). The fund may enter into credit default swap contracts for investment purposes. As a credit protection seller in a credit default swap contract, the fund would be required to pay the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation to the counterparty in the event of a default by a third party, such as a U.S. or non-U.S. corporate issuer, on the debt obligation. In return for its obligation, the fund would receive from the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the fund would keep the stream of payments and would have no payment obligations. As the seller, the fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.

The fund may also purchase credit default swap contracts in order to hedge against the risk of default of the debt of a particular issuer or basket of issuers or profit from changes in the creditworthiness of the particular issuer(s) (also known as “buying credit protection”). In these cases, the fund would function as the counterparty referenced in the preceding paragraph. This would involve the risk that the investment may expire worthless and would only generate income in the event of an actual default by the issuer(s) of the underlying obligation(s) (or, as applicable, a credit downgrade or other indication of financial instability). It would also involve the risk that the seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations to the fund in the event of a default. The purchase of credit default swaps involves costs, which will reduce the fund’s return.

Tax-exempt Securities

General description. As used in this SAI, the term "Tax-exempt Securities" includes debt obligations issued by a state, its political subdivisions (for example, counties, cities, towns, villages, districts and authorities) and their agencies, instrumentalities or other governmental units, the interest from which is, in the opinion of bond counsel, exempt from federal income tax and (if applicable) the corresponding state’s personal income tax. Such obligations are issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, such as airports, bridges, highways, housing, hospitals, mass transportation, schools, streets and water and sewer works. Other public purposes for which Tax-exempt Securities may be issued include the refunding of outstanding obligations or the payment of general operating expenses.

Short-term Tax-exempt Securities are generally issued by state and local governments and public authorities as interim financing in anticipation of tax collections, revenue receipts or bond sales to finance such public purposes.

In addition, certain types of "private activity" bonds may be issued by public authorities to finance projects such as privately operated housing facilities; certain local facilities for supplying water, gas or electricity; sewage or solid waste disposal facilities; student loans; or public or private institutions for the construction of educational, hospital, housing and other facilities. Such obligations are included within the term Tax-exempt Securities if the interest paid thereon is, in the opinion of bond counsel, exempt from federal income tax and (if applicable) state personal income tax (such interest may, however, be subject to federal alternative minimum tax). Other types of private activity bonds, the proceeds of which are used for the construction, repair or

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improvement of, or to obtain equipment for, privately operated industrial or commercial facilities, may also constitute Tax-exempt Securities, although the current federal tax laws place substantial limitations on the size of such issues.

Tax-exempt Securities share many of the structural features and risks of other bonds, as described elsewhere in this SAI. For example, the fund may purchase callable Tax-exempt Securities, zero-coupon Tax-exempt Securities, or “stripped” Tax-exempt Securities, which entail additional risks. The fund may also purchase structured or asset-backed Tax-exempt Securities, such as the securities (including preferred stock) of special purpose entities that hold interests in the Tax-exempt Securities of one or more issuers and issue “tranched” securities that are entitled to receive payments based on the cash flows from those underlying securities. See “—Redeemable securities,” “—Zero-coupon and Payment-in-kind Bonds,” “—Structured investments,” and “—Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities” in this SAI. Structured Tax-exempt Securities may involve increased risk that the interest received by the fund may not be exempt from federal or state income tax, or that such interest may result in liability for the alternative minimum tax for shareholders of the fund. For example, in certain cases, the issuers of certain securities held by a special purpose entity may not have received an unqualified opinion of bond counsel that the interest from the securities will be exempt from federal income tax and (if applicable) the corresponding state’s personal income tax.

The amount of information about the financial condition of an issuer of tax-exempt Securities may not be as extensive as that which is made available by corporations whose securities are publicly traded. As a result, the achievement of the fund's goals is more dependent on Putnam Management's investment analysis than would be the case if the fund were investing in securities of better-known issuers.

Escrow-secured or pre-refunded bonds. These securities are created when an issuer uses the proceeds from a new bond issue to buy high grade, interest-bearing debt securities, generally direct obligations of the U.S. government, in order to redeem (or “pre-refund”), before maturity, an outstanding bond issue that is not immediately callable. These securities are then deposited in an irrevocable escrow account held by a trustee bank to secure all future payments of principal and interest on the pre-refunded bond until that bond’s call date. Pre-refunded bonds often receive an ‘AAA’ or equivalent rating. Because pre-refunded bonds still bear the same interest rate, and have a very high credit quality, their price may increase. However, as the original bond approaches its call date, the bond's price will fall to its call price.

Residual interest bonds. The fund may invest in residual interest bonds, which are created by depositing municipal securities in a trust and dividing the income stream of an underlying municipal bond in two parts, one, a variable rate security and the other, a residual interest bond. The interest rate for the variable rate security is determined by an index or a periodic auction process, while the residual interest bond holder receives the balance of the income from the underlying municipal bond less an auction fee. The market prices of residual interest bonds may be highly sensitive to changes in market rates and may decrease significantly when market rates increase.

Tobacco Settlement Revenue Bonds. The fund may invest in tobacco settlement revenue bonds, which are secured by an issuing state’s proportionate share of payments under the Master Settlement Agreement (“MSA”). The MSA is an agreement that was reached out of court in November 1998 between 46 states and six U.S. jurisdictions and tobacco manufacturers representing an overwhelming majority of U.S. market share. The MSA provides for annual payments by the manufacturers to the states and jurisdictions in perpetuity in exchange for releasing all claims against the manufacturers and a pledge of no further litigation. The MSA established a base payment schedule and a formula for adjusting payments each year. Tobacco manufacturers pay into a master escrow trust based on their market share, and each state receives a fixed percentage of the payment as set forth in the MSA. Within some states, certain localities may in turn be allocated a specific portion of the state’s MSA payment pursuant to an arrangement with the state.

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A number of state and local governments have securitized the future flow of payments under the MSA by selling bonds pursuant to indentures, some through distinct governmental entities created for such purpose. The bonds are backed by the future revenue flow that is used for principal and interest payments on the bonds. Annual payments on the bonds, and thus risk to the fund, are dependent on the receipt of future settlement payments by the state or its instrumentality. The actual amount of future settlement payments may vary based on, among other things, annual domestic cigarette shipments, inflation, the financial capability of participating tobacco companies, and certain offsets for disputed payments. Payments made by tobacco manufacturers could be reduced if cigarette shipments continue to decline below the base levels used in establishing manufacturers’ payment obligations under the MSA. Demand for cigarettes in the U.S. could continue to decline based on many factors, including, without limitation, anti-smoking campaigns, tax increases, price increases implemented to recoup the cost of payments by tobacco companies under the MSA, reduced ability to advertise, enforcement of laws prohibiting sales to minors, elimination of certain sales venues such as vending machines, and the spread of local ordinances restricting smoking in public places.

Because tobacco settlement bonds are backed by payments from the tobacco manufacturers, and generally not by the credit of the state or local government issuing the bonds, their creditworthiness depends on the ability of tobacco manufacturers to meet their obligations. The bankruptcy of an MSA-participating manufacturer could cause delays or reductions in bond payments, which would affect the fund’s net asset value. Under the MSA, a market share loss by MSA-participating tobacco manufacturers to non-MSA participating manufacturers would also cause a downward adjustment in the payment amounts under some circumstances.

The MSA and tobacco manufacturers have been and continue to be subject to various legal claims, including, among others, claims that the MSA violates federal antitrust law. In addition, the United States Department of Justice has alleged in a civil lawsuit that the major tobacco companies defrauded and misled the American public about the health risks associated with smoking cigarettes. An adverse outcome to this lawsuit or to any other litigation matters or regulatory actions relating to the MSA or affecting tobacco manufacturers could adversely affect the payment streams associated with the MSA or cause delays or reductions in bond payments by tobacco manufacturers.

In addition to the risks described above, tobacco settlement revenue bonds are subject to other risks described in this SAI, including the risks of asset-backed securities discussed under “Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities.”

Participation interests (Money Market Funds only). The money market funds may invest in Tax-exempt securities either by purchasing them directly or by purchasing certificates of accrual or similar instruments evidencing direct ownership of interest payments or principal payments, or both, on Tax-exempt securities, provided that, in the opinion of counsel, any discount accruing on a certificate or instrument that is purchased at a yield not greater than the coupon rate of interest on the related Tax-exempt securities will be exempt from federal income tax to the same extent as interest on the Tax-exempt securities. The money market funds may also invest in Tax-exempt securities by purchasing from banks participation interests in all or part of specific holdings of Tax-exempt securities. These participations may be backed in whole or in part by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of the selling bank. The selling bank may receive a fee from the money market funds in connection with the arrangement. The money market funds will not purchase such participation interests unless it receives an opinion of counsel or a ruling of the IRS that interest earned by it on Tax-exempt securities in which it holds such participation interests is exempt from federal income tax. No money market fund expects to invest more than 5% of its assets in participation interests.

Stand-by commitments. When the fund purchases Tax-exempt securities, it has the authority to acquire stand-by commitments from banks and broker-dealers with respect to those Tax-exempt securities. A stand-by commitment may be considered a security independent of the Tax-exempt security to which it relates. The amount payable by a bank or dealer during the time a stand-by commitment is exercisable, absent unusual circumstances, would be substantially the same as the market value of the underlying Tax-exempt security to a third party at any time. The fund expects that stand-by commitments generally will be available without the

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payment of direct or indirect consideration. The fund does not expect to assign any value to stand-by commitments.

Yields. The yields on Tax-exempt securities depend on a variety of factors, including general money market conditions, effective marginal tax rates, the financial condition of the issuer, general conditions of the Tax-exempt security market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. The ratings of nationally recognized securities rating agencies represent their opinions as to the credit quality of the Tax-exempt securities which they undertake to rate. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, Tax-exempt securities with the same maturity and interest rate but with different ratings may have the same yield. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates and may be due to such factors as changes in the overall demand or supply of various types of Tax-exempt securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. Subsequent to purchase by the fund, an issue of Tax-exempt securities or other investments may cease to be rated, or its rating may be reduced below the minimum rating required for purchase by the fund. Neither event will require the elimination of an investment from the fund's portfolio, but Putnam Management will consider such an event in its determination of whether the fund should continue to hold an investment in its portfolio.

"Moral obligation" bonds. The fund may invest in so-called “moral obligation” bonds, where repayment of the bond is backed by a moral (but not legally binding) commitment of an entity other than the issuer, such as a state legislature, to pay. Such a commitment may be in addition to the legal commitment of the issuer to repay the bond or may represent the only payment obligation with respect to the bond (where, for example, no amount has yet been specifically appropriated to pay the bond. See “—Municipal leases” below.)

Municipal leases. The fund may acquire participations in lease obligations or installment purchase contract obligations (collectively, “lease obligations”) of municipal authorities or entities. Lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the municipality for which the municipality’s taxing power is pledged. Certain of these lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses, which provide that the municipality has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. In the case of a “non-appropriation” lease, the fund’s ability to recover under the lease in the event of non-appropriation or default will be limited solely to the repossession of the leased property, and in any event, foreclosure of that property might prove difficult.

Additional risks. Securities in which the fund may invest, including Tax-exempt securities, are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the federal Bankruptcy Code (including special provisions related to municipalities and other public entities), and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. There is also the possibility that, as a result of litigation or other conditions, the power, ability or willingness of issuers to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal on their Tax-exempt securities may be materially affected.

From time to time, legislation may be introduced or litigation may arise that may restrict or eliminate the federal income tax exemption for interest on debt obligations issued by states and their political subdivisions. Federal tax laws limit the types and amounts of tax-exempt bonds issuable for certain purposes, especially industrial development bonds and private activity bonds. Such limits may affect the future supply and yields of these types of Tax-exempt securities. Further proposals limiting the issuance of Tax-exempt securities may well be introduced in the future. If it appeared that the availability of Tax-exempt securities for investment by the fund and the value of the fund's portfolio could be materially affected by such changes in law, the Trustees of the fund would reevaluate its investment objective and policies and consider changes in the structure of the fund or its dissolution. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers for the current law on tax-exempt bonds and securities.

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Warrants

The fund may invest in warrants, which are instruments that give the fund the right to purchase certain securities from an issuer at a specific price (the “strike price”) for a limited period of time. The strike price of warrants typically is much lower than the current market price of the underlying securities, yet they are subject to similar price fluctuations. As a result, warrants may be more volatile investments than the underlying securities and may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss. Warrants do not entitle a holder to dividends or voting rights with respect to the underlying securities and do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuing company. Also, the value of the warrant does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to the expiration date. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.

In addition to warrants on securities, the fund may purchase put warrants and call warrants whose values vary depending on the change in the value of one or more specified securities indices ("index warrants"). Index warrants are generally issued by banks or other financial institutions and give the holder the right, at any time during the term of the warrant, to receive upon exercise of the warrant a cash payment from the issuer based on the value of the underlying index at the time of exercise. In general, if the value of the underlying index rises above the exercise price of the index warrant, the holder of a call warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the value of the index and the exercise price of the warrant; if the value of the underlying index falls, the holder of a put warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the value of the index. The holder of a warrant would not be entitled to any payments from the issuer at any time when, in the case of a call warrant, the exercise price is greater than the value of the underlying index, or, in the case of a put warrant, the exercise price is less than the value of the underlying index. If the fund were not to exercise an index warrant prior to its expiration, then the fund would lose the amount of the purchase price paid by it for the warrant.

The fund will normally use index warrants in a manner similar to its use of options on securities indices. The risks of the fund's use of index warrants are generally similar to those relating to its use of index options. Unlike most index options, however, index warrants are issued in limited amounts and are not obligations of a regulated clearing agency, but are backed only by the credit of the bank or other institution which issues the warrant. Also, index warrants generally have longer terms than index options. Index warrants are not likely to be as liquid as certain index options backed by a recognized clearing agency. In addition, the terms of index warrants may limit the fund's ability to exercise the warrants at such time, or in such quantities, as the fund would otherwise wish to do.

Zero-coupon and Payment-in-kind Bonds

The fund may invest without limit in so-called "zero-coupon" bonds and "payment-in-kind" bonds. Zero-coupon bonds are issued at a significant discount from their principal amount in lieu of paying interest periodically. Payment-in-kind bonds allow the issuer, at its option, to make current interest payments on the bonds either in cash or in additional bonds. Because zero-coupon and payment-in-kind bonds do not pay current interest in cash, their value is subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds that pay interest currently. Both zero-coupon and payment-in-kind bonds allow an issuer to avoid the need to generate cash to meet current interest payments. Accordingly, such bonds may involve greater credit risks than bonds paying interest currently in cash. The fund is required to accrue interest income on such investments and to distribute such amounts at least annually to shareholders even though such bonds do not pay current interest in cash. Thus, it may be necessary at times for the fund to liquidate investments, including when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements under the Internal Revenue Code.

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TAXES

The following discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences is based on the Code, existing U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, as of the date of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the fund. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state and local tax laws.

Taxation of the fund. The fund intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, the fund must, among other things:

(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and (ii) net income from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);

(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the fund’s taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the value of the fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the fund’s total assets is invested (x) in the securities (other than those of the U.S. Government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers which the fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or (y) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined below); and

(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally, taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and net tax-exempt interest income, for such year.

In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in paragraph (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income of a regulated investment company derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (generally defined as a partnership (i) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, (ii) that derives at least 90% of its income from the passive income sources described in Code section 7704(d), and (iii) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in paragraph (a) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership.

For purposes of the diversification test in paragraph (b) above, identification of the issuer (or, in some cases, issuers) of a particular fund investment will depend on the terms and conditions of that investment. In some cases, identification of the issuer (or issuers) is uncertain under current law, and an adverse determination or future guidance by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) with respect to issuer identification for a particular type of investment may adversely affect the fund’s ability to meet the diversification test in (b) above. Also, for the purposes of the diversification test in paragraph (b) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

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If the fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, the fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, as defined below).

If the fund were to fail to meet the income or diversification test described above, the fund could in some cases cure such failure, including by paying a fund-level tax and, in the case of a diversification test failure, disposing of certain assets. If the fund were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure for any year, or were otherwise to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year, the fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Some portions of such distributions may be eligible for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders, and may be eligible to be treated as "qualified dividend income" in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals. In addition, the fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.

The fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and may distribute its net capital gain. Investment company taxable income (which is retained by the fund) will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. The fund may also retain for investment its net capital gain. If the fund retains any net capital gain, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly-filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the fund will be increased by an amount equal under current law to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

Properly reported distributions of net capital gains are the excess of net gains from the sale of capital assets held by the fund for more than one year over net losses from the sale of capital assets held for not more than one year (“Capital Gain Dividends”). For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, in determining its net capital gain for Capital Gain Dividend purposes, a regulated investment company generally must treat any net capital loss or any net long-term capital loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year. In addition, in determining its taxable income for such years, a regulated investment company is permitted to elect to treat all or part of any net capital loss, any net long-term capital loss or any foreign currency loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, in determining net capital gain, including in connection with determining the amount available to support a Capital Gain Dividend, its taxable income and its earnings and profits, a regulated investment company may also elect to treat any post-October capital loss (defined as the greatest of net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss, in each case attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31) and late-year ordinary loss (generally, (i) net ordinary loss from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, plus (ii) other net ordinary loss attributable to the portion of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

If the fund fails to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, the fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of property that would otherwise be properly taken into account after October 31 are

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treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. For purposes of the excise tax, the fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid by the fund on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend was declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year. The fund intends generally to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.

The fund distributes its net investment income and capital gains to shareholders as dividends annually to the extent required to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code and generally to avoid federal income or excise tax. Under current law, the fund may treat the portion of redemption proceeds paid to redeeming shareholders that represents the redeeming shareholders’ portion of the undistributed investment company taxable income and capital gain of the fund as a distribution of investment company taxable income and net capital gain on the fund’s tax return. This practice, which involves the use of equalization accounting, will have the effect of reducing the amount of income and gains that the fund is required to distribute as dividends to shareholders in order for the fund to avoid federal income tax and excise tax. This practice may also reduce the amount of distributions required to be made to non-redeeming shareholders and the amount of any undistributed income will be reflected in the value of the shares of the fund; the total return on a shareholder’s investment will not be reduced as a result of the distribution policy. Investors who purchase shares shortly before the record date of a distribution will pay the full price for the shares and then receive some portion of the price back as a taxable distribution.

Fund distributions. Distributions from the fund (other than exempt-interest dividends, as discussed below) will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income to the extent derived from the fund’s investment income and net short-term capital gains. Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the fund before a shareholder’s investment (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares of the fund or other Putnam funds. Capital Gain Dividends will be taxable to shareholders as such, regardless of how long a shareholder has held the shares in the fund.

For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, “qualified dividend income” received by an individual will be taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain. In order for some portion of the dividends received by a fund shareholder to be qualified dividend income, the fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, on the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. The fund generally expects to report (generally on an IRS Form 1099) eligible dividends as qualified dividend income.

In general, distributions of investment income reported by a fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to such fund’s shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by a fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the fund’s dividends (other than properly reported Capital Gain Dividends) will be

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eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain included in the term “gross income” is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.

In general, fixed-income and money market funds receive interest, rather than dividends, from their portfolio securities. As a result, it is not currently expected that any significant portion of such funds’ distributions to shareholders will be derived from qualified dividend income. For information regarding qualified dividend income received from underlying funds, see “Funds of funds” below.

In general, dividends of net investment income received by corporate shareholders of a fund will qualify for the 70% dividends-received deduction generally available to corporations to the extent of the amount of eligible dividends received by the fund from domestic corporations for the taxable year. A dividend received by the fund will not be treated as a dividend eligible for the dividends-received deduction (1) if it has been received with respect to any share of stock that the fund has held for less than 46 days (91 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 91-day period beginning on the date which is 45 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date in the case of certain preferred stock) or (2) to the extent that the fund is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Moreover, the dividends received deduction may otherwise be disallowed or reduced (1) if the corporate shareholder fails to satisfy the foregoing requirements with respect to its shares of the fund or (2) by application of various provisions of the Code (for instance, the dividends-received deduction is reduced in the case of a dividend received on debt-financed portfolio stock (generally, stock acquired with borrowed funds)) For information regarding eligibility for the dividends-received deduction of dividend income derived from an underlying fund, see “Funds of funds” below.

Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reduced—in general, to 15% with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets— for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013.

Exempt-interest dividends. A fund will be qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders if, at the close of each quarter of the fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of the total value of the fund’s assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax. In some cases, a fund may also pass through to its shareholders the tax-exempt character of any exempt-interest dividends it receives from underlying funds in which it invests (see “Funds of funds,” below). Distributions that a fund reports (generally on an IRS Form 1099) as exempt-interest dividends are treated as interest excludable from shareholders’ gross income for federal income tax purposes but may be taxable for federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) purposes and for state and local purposes. If the fund intends to qualify to pay exempt-interest dividends, the fund may be limited in its ability to enter into taxable transactions involving forward commitments, repurchase agreements, financial futures and options contracts on financial futures, tax-exempt bond indices and other assets.

Part or all of the interest on indebtedness, if any, incurred or continued by a shareholder to purchase or carry shares of the fund paying exempt-interest dividends is not deductible. The portion of interest that is not deductible is equal to the total interest paid or accrued on the indebtedness, multiplied by the percentage of the fund’s total distributions (not including distributions from net long-term capital gains) paid to the shareholder that are exempt-interest dividends. Under rules used by the IRS to determine when borrowed funds are considered used for the purpose of purchasing or carrying particular assets, the purchase of shares may be considered to have been made with borrowed funds even though such funds are not directly traceable to the purchase of shares.

In general, exempt-interest dividends, if any, attributable to interest received on certain private activity obligations and certain industrial development bonds will not be tax-exempt to any shareholders who are “substantial users” of the facilities financed by such obligations or bonds or who are “related persons” of such substantial users.

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A fund that is qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends will report those dividends to shareholders in a written statement furnished to shareholders (generally annually on an IRS Form 1099). In general, if the amount of the fund’s distributions reported as exempt-interest dividends during a taxable year exceeds the net exempt interest received by the fund during that year, the amount of the distributions qualifying as tax-exempt will be scaled back. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, a non-calendar-year fund will be permitted in certain circumstances to elect to “frontload” the amounts so qualifying by allocating exempt income it received during a taxable year to distributions made on or before December 31 of such taxable year; otherwise, the amount so qualifying will be scaled back in proportion to distributions. For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, shareholders will generally include the excess amount as a taxable dividend to the extent of certain disallowed deductions and thereafter as a return of capital. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, the excess amount will generally be treated as entirely a return of capital. The percentage of a shareholder’s income reported as tax-exempt for any particular distribution may be substantially different from the percentage of the fund’s income that was tax-exempt during the period covered by the distribution.

Exempt-interest dividends may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT. For individual shareholders, exempt-interest dividends that are derived from interest on private activity bonds that are issued after August 7, 1986 (other than a “qualified 501(c)(3) bond,” as such term is defined in the Code) generally must be included in an individual’s tax base for purposes of calculating the shareholder’s liability for federal AMT. Corporate shareholders will be required to include all exempt-interest dividends in determining their federal AMT. The AMT calculation for corporations is based, in part, on a corporation’s earnings and profits for the year. A corporation must include all exempt-interest dividends in calculating its earnings and profits for the year.

Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund intends to distribute exempt-interest dividends that will not be taxable for federal AMT purposes for individuals. It intends to make such distributions by investing in tax exempt securities other than private activity bonds that are issued after August 7, 1986 (other than “qualified 501(c)(3) bonds,” as such term is defined in the Code). Because corporate shareholders are required to include all exempt-interest dividends in determining their federal AMT, exempt-interest dividends distributed by Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund will be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT.

Funds of funds. If a fund invests in shares of underlying funds, a portion of its distributable income and gains will consist of distributions from the underlying funds and gains and losses on the disposition of shares of the underlying funds. To the extent that an underlying fund realizes net losses on its investments for a given taxable year, the fund will not be able to recognize its share of those losses (so as to offset distributions of net income or capital gains from other underlying funds) until it disposes of shares of the underlying fund or those losses reduce distributions required to be made by the underlying fund. Moreover, even when the fund does make such a disposition, a portion of its loss may be recognized as a long-term capital loss, which will not be treated as favorably for federal income tax purposes as a short-term capital loss or an ordinary deduction. In particular, the fund will not be able to offset any capital losses from its dispositions of underlying fund shares against its ordinary income (including distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized by an underlying fund). As a result of the foregoing rules, and certain other special rules, the amounts of net investment income and net capital gains that the fund will be required to distribute to shareholders may be greater than such amounts would have been had the fund invested directly in the securities held by the underlying funds, rather than investing in shares of the underlying funds. For similar reasons, the amount or timing of distributions from a fund qualifying for treatment as being of a particular character (e.g., as long-term capital gain, exempt interest, eligible for dividends-received deduction, etc.) will not necessarily be the same as it would have been had the fund invested directly in the securities held by the underlying funds. In addition, in certain circumstances, the "wash sale" rules under Section 1091 of the Code may apply to a fund's sales of underlying fund shares that have generated losses. A wash sale occurs if shares of an underlying fund are sold by the fund at a loss and the fund acquires additional shares of that same underlying fund 30 days before or after the date of the sale. The wash-sale rules could defer losses in the fund's hands on sales of

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underlying fund shares (to the extent such sales are wash sales) for extended (and, in certain cases, potentially indefinite) periods of time.

If a fund receives dividends from an underlying fund that qualifies as a regulated investment company, and the underlying fund reports such dividends as “qualified dividend income,” then the fund may, in turn, report a portion of its distributions as “qualified dividend income” as well, provided the fund meets the holding period and other requirements with respect to shares of the underlying fund.

If the Fund receives dividends from an underlying fund and the underlying fund reports such dividends as eligible for the dividends-received deduction, then the fund is permitted, in turn, to designate a portion of its distributions as eligible for the dividends-received deduction, provided the Fund meets the holding period and other requirements with respect to shares of the underlying fund.

For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, a fund cannot pass through to its shareholders the tax-exempt character of any exempt-interest dividends it receives from underlying funds in which it invests. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, if, at the close of each quarter of a fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of its total assets consists of interests in other regulated investment companies (such fund, a “qualified fund of funds”), the fund will be permitted to distribute exempt-interest dividends and thereby pass through to its shareholders the tax-exempt character of any exempt-interest dividends it receives from underlying funds in which it invests, or interest on any tax-exempt obligations in which it directly invests, if any. For further information regarding exempt-interest dividends, see “Exempt-interest dividends,” above.

For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, the fund cannot pass through to shareholders any credit or deduction for foreign taxes borne in respect of foreign securities income earned by any underlying funds. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, if the fund is a qualified fund of funds, it will be permitted to elect to pass through to its shareholders foreign taxes it has paid or foreign taxes passed through to it by any underlying funds that themselves have made such an election, so that shareholders of the fund will be eligible to claim a tax credit or deduction for such taxes. Even if the fund were eligible to make such an election for a given year, it may determine not to do so. See “Foreign taxes” below for more information.

Derivative transactions. If the fund engages in derivative transactions, including transactions in options, futures contracts, straddles, and other similar transactions, including for hedging purposes, it will be subject to special tax rules (including constructive sale, mark-to-market, straddle, wash sale, and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the fund, defer losses to the fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the fund’s securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The fund may make any applicable elections pertaining to such transactions consistent with the interests of the fund.

Because these and other tax rules applicable to these types of transactions are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid a fund-level tax.

The fund’s use of commodity-linked derivatives can bear on or be limited by the fund’s intention to qualify as a regulated investment company. Income and gains from certain commodity-linked derivatives does not constitute qualifying income to a regulated investment company for purposes of the 90% gross income test described above. The tax treatment of certain other commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the fund might invest is not certain, in particular with respect to whether income or gains from such instruments constitute qualifying income to a regulated investment company. If the fund were to treat income or gain from a particular instrument as qualifying income and the income or gain were later determined not to constitute

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qualifying income and, together with any other nonqualifying income, caused the fund’s nonqualifying income to exceed 10% of its gross income in any taxable year, the fund would fail to qualify as a regulated investment company unless it is eligible to and does pay a tax at the fund level.

Certain of the fund’s derivative activities (including its transactions, if any, in foreign currencies or foreign currency-denominated instruments) are likely to produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If the fund’s book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in the shares, and (iii) thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If the fund’s book income is less than its taxable income (or, for tax-exempt funds, the sum of its net tax-exempt and taxable income), the fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment and to eliminate fund-level income tax.

In general, 40% of the gain or loss arising from the closing out of a futures contract traded on an exchange approved by the CFTC is treated as short-term gain or loss, and 60% is treated as long-term gain or loss.

Investments in REITs. If the fund invests in equity securities of real estate investment trusts ("REITs"), such investments in REIT equity securities may require the fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold. The fund's investment in REIT equity securities may at other times result in the fund's receipt of cash in excess of the REIT's earnings. If the fund distributes such amounts, such distribution could constitute a return of capital to the fund shareholders for federal income tax purposes. Dividends received by a fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.

The fund may invest in REITs, including REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits ("REMICs"), REITs that are themselves taxable mortgage pools ("TMPs") or REITs that invest in TMPs. Under a notice recently issued by the IRS and Treasury regulations that have not yet been issued, but may apply retroactively, a portion of a fund's income from a REIT that is attributable to the REIT's residual interest in a REMIC or TMP (referred to in the Code as an "excess inclusion") will be subject to federal income tax in all events. This notice also provides, and the regulations are expected to provide, that excess inclusion income of a regulated investment company, such as the fund, will be allocated to shareholders of the regulated investment company in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC or TMP residual interest directly.

In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income ("UBTI") to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. Any investment in residual interests of a Collateralized Mortgage Obligation (a “CMO”) that has elected to be treated as a REMIC can create complex tax problems, especially if the fund has state or local governments or other tax-exempt organizations as shareholders. Under current law, a fund serves to block UBTI from being realized by its tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder will recognize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the fund if shares in the fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b). Furthermore, a tax-exempt shareholder may recognize UBTI if the fund recognizes “excess inclusion income” derived from direct or indirect investments in REMIC residual interests or TMPs if the amount of such income recognized by the fund exceeds the fund's investment company taxable income (after taking into account deductions for dividends paid by the fund).

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Under legislation enacted in December 2006, a charitable remainder trust ("CRT"), as defined in Section 664 of the Code, that realizes UBTI for a taxable year must pay an excise tax annually of an amount equal to such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in October 2006, a CRT will not recognize UBTI solely as a result of investing in a fund that recognizes “excess inclusion income.” Rather, if at any time during any taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such as the United States, a state or political subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, and certain energy cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in a fund that recognizes “excess inclusion income,” then the fund will be subject to a tax on that portion of its “excess inclusion income” for the taxable year that is allocable to such shareholders at the highest federal corporate income tax rate. The extent to which this IRS guidance remains applicable in light of the December 2006 legislation is unclear. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the fund may elect to specially allocate any such tax to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and thus reduce such shareholder’s distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to such shareholder’s interest in the fund. CRTs are urged to consult their tax advisors concerning the consequences of investing in the fund.

Return of capital distributions. If the fund makes a distribution to you in excess of its current and accumulated “earnings and profits” in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of your tax basis in your shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces your tax basis in your shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by you of your shares.

Dividends and distributions on the fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the fund’s realized income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the fund’s net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized income and gains may be required to be distributed even when the fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses. Distributions are taxable to a shareholder even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the fund prior to the shareholder’s investment (and thus included in the price paid by the shareholder).

Securities issued or purchased at a discount. The fund’s investment in securities issued at a discount and certain other obligations will (and investments in securities purchased at a discount may) require the fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance that are acquired by the fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance that are acquired by the fund may be treated as having acquisition discount or original issue discount ("OID"). Generally, the fund will be required to include the acquisition discount or OID in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having acquisition discount or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

If the fund holds the foregoing kinds of securities, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if

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necessary. The fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

Higher-Risk Securities. The fund may invest to a significant extent in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated, including debt obligations of issuers not currently paying interest or who are in default. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for the fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as whether the fund should recognize market discount on a debt obligation and, if so, the amount of market discount the fund should recognize, when the fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income. These and other related issues will be addressed by the fund when, as and if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

Capital loss carryforward. Distributions from capital gains are generally made after applying any available capital loss carryforwards. Capital loss carryforwards are reduced to the extent they offset current-year net realized capital gains, whether the fund retains or distributes such gains. If a fund incurs or has incurred net capital losses in a taxable year beginning on or before December 22, 2010 (“pre-2011 losses”), the fund is permitted to carry such losses forward for eight taxable years; in the year to which they are carried forward, such losses are treated as short-term capital losses that first offset short-term capital gains, and then offset long-term capital gains. A fund is permitted to carry forward net capital losses it incurs in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 without expiration. Any such carryforward losses will retain their character as short-term or long-term; this may well result in larger distributions of short-term gains to shareholders (taxed as ordinary income to individual shareholders) than would have resulted under the previous regime described above. The fund must use any such carryforwards, which will not expire, applying them first against gains of the same character, before it uses any pre-2011 losses. This increases the likelihood that pre-2011 losses will expire unused at the conclusion of the eight-year carryforward period. The amounts and expiration dates, if any, of any capital loss carryovers available to the fund are shown in Note 1 (Federal income taxes) to the financial statements included in Part I of this SAI or incorporated by reference into this SAI.

Foreign taxes. If more than 50% of the fund’s assets at year end consists of the securities of foreign corporations, the fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the fund to foreign countries in respect of foreign securities the fund has held for at least the minimum period specified in the Code. A qualified fund of funds also may elect to pass through to its shareholders foreign taxes it has paid or foreign taxes passed through to it by any underlying fund that itself elected to pass through such taxes to shareholders (see “Funds of funds” above). In such a case, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata shares of such taxes. A shareholder’s ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code, as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, shareholders must hold their fund shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such foreign taxes. Even if the fund were eligible to make such an election for a given year, it may determine not to do so.

Passive Foreign Investment Companies. Investment by the fund in “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”) could subject the fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on the proceeds from the sale of its investment in such a company. This tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to fund shareholders; however, this tax can be avoided by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or to treat the passive foreign investment company as a “qualified electing fund.” The QEF and mark-to-market elections may have the effect of

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accelerating the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increasing the amount required to be distributed by the fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the fund to liquidate other investments to meet its distribution requirement, which may also accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the fund’s total return. Because it is not always possible to identify a foreign corporation as a PFIC, the fund may incur tax and interest charges in some instances. Dividends paid by PFICs will not be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income.”

A “passive foreign investment company” is any foreign corporation: (i) 75 percent or more of the income of which for the taxable year is passive income, or (ii) the average percentage of the assets of which (generally by value, but by adjusted tax basis in certain cases) that produce or are held for the production of passive income is at least 50 percent. Generally, passive income for this purpose means dividends, interest (including income equivalent to interest), royalties, rents, annuities, the excess of gains over losses from certain property transactions and commodities transactions, and foreign currency gains. Passive income for this purpose does not include rents and royalties received by the foreign corporation from active business and certain income received from related persons.

Foreign currency-denominated securities and related hedging transactions. The fund’s transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.

Sale or redemption of shares. The sale, exchange or redemption of fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise the gain or loss on the sale, exchange or redemption of fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, if a shareholder sells shares at a loss within six months of purchase, any loss generally will be disallowed for federal income tax purposes to the extent of any exempt-interest dividends received on such shares. This loss disallowance, however, does not apply with respect to redemptions of fund shares with a holding period beginning after December 22, 2010, if such fund declares substantially all of its net tax-exempt income as exempt-interest dividends on a daily basis, and pays such dividends at least on a monthly basis. In addition, any loss (not already disallowed as provided in the preceding sentence) realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any Capital Gain Dividends received by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of fund shares will be disallowed if other shares of the same fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

Cost basis reporting. Upon the redemption or exchange of your shares in the fund, the fund, or, if your shares are then held through a financial intermediary, the financial intermediary, generally will be required to provide you and the IRS with cost basis and certain other related tax information about the fund shares you redeemed or exchanged. This cost basis reporting requirement is effective for shares purchased, including through dividend reinvestment, on or after January 1, 2012. Please see www.putnam.com/costbasis, or call the fund at 1-800-225-1581, or consult your financial representative, as appropriate, for more information regarding available methods for cost basis reporting and how to select a particular method. Please consult your tax advisor to determine which available cost basis method is best for you.

Shares purchased through tax-qualified plans. Special tax rules apply to investments though defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the suitability of shares of a fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of an investment on their particular tax situation.

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Backup withholding. The fund generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable dividends and other distributions paid to any individual shareholder who fails to furnish the fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (TIN), who has under-reported dividends or interest income, or who fails to certify to the fund that he or she is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding rules may also apply to distributions that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends. The back-up withholding tax rate is 28% for amounts paid through 2012. This rate will expire and the back-up withholding rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2012, unless Congress enacts tax legislation providing otherwise. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS.

In order for a foreign investor to qualify for exemption from the back-up withholding tax rates and for reduced withholding tax rates under income tax treaties, the foreign investor must comply with special certification and filing requirements. Foreign investors in a fund should consult their tax advisors in this regard.

Tax shelter reporting regulations. Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of fund shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

Non-U.S. Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than Capital Gain Dividends or exempt-interest dividends) paid by the fund to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code (a “foreign person”) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) even if they are funded by income or gains (such as portfolio interest, short-term capital gains, or foreign-source dividend and interest income) that, if paid to a foreign person directly, would not be subject to withholding. However, effective for taxable years of the fund beginning before January 1, 2012, the fund is not required to withhold any amounts (i) with respect to distributions (other than distributions to a foreign person (w) that has not provided a satisfactory statement that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. person, (x) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest on an obligation if the foreign person is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer, (y) that is within certain foreign countries that have inadequate information exchange with the United States, or (z) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that is a related person of the foreign person and the foreign person is a controlled foreign corporation) from U.S.-source interest income that would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign person, to the extent such distributions are properly reported by the fund (an “interest-related dividend”), and (ii) with respect to distributions (other than (a) distributions to an individual foreign person who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the distribution and (b) distributions subject to special rules regarding the disposition of U.S. real property interests) of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, to the extent such distributions are properly reported by the fund (a “short-term capital gain dividend”). The fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as interest-related and/or short-term capital gain dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so. It is currently unclear whether Congress will extend the exemption from withholding for interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends for dividends with respect to taxable years of a fund beginning on or after January 1, 2012 and what the terms of any such extension would be.

The fact that a fund achieves its investment objectives by investing in underlying funds will generally not adversely affect the fund’s ability to pass on to foreign shareholders the full benefit of the interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends that it receives from its underlying investments in the funds, except possibly to the extent that (1) interest-related dividends received by the fund are offset by deductions allocable to the fund’s qualified interest income or (2) short-term capital gain dividends received by the fund

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are offset by the fund’s net short- or long-term capital losses, in which case the amount of a distribution from the fund to a foreign shareholder that is properly reported as either an interest-related dividend or a short-term capital gain dividend, respectively, may be less than the amount that such shareholder would have received had they invested directly in the underlying funds. If a beneficial holder who is a foreign person has a trade or business in the United States, and the dividends are effectively connected with the conduct by the beneficial holder of a trade or business in the United States, the dividend will be subject to U.S. federal net income taxation at regular income tax rates.

Under U.S. federal tax law, a beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of shares of the fund or on Capital Gain Dividends and, with respect to taxable years of a fund beginning before January 1, 2012, short-term capital gain dividends, unless (i) such gain or Capital Gain Dividend or short term capital gain dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or Capital Gain Dividend or short term capital gain dividend and certain other conditions are met.

Other Reporting and Withholding Requirements. New rules enacted in March 2010 require the reporting to the IRS of direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts and foreign entities by U.S. persons. Failure to provide this required information can result in a 30% withholding tax on certain payments (“withholdable payments”) made after December 31, 2010. Withholdable payments include U.S.-source dividends and interest, and gross proceeds from the sale or disposal of property that can produce U.S.-source dividends or interest.

The IRS has issued only very preliminary guidance with respect to these new rules; their scope remains unclear and potentially subject to material change. Very generally, it is possible that distributions made by the fund after December 31, 2012 (or such later date as may be provided in future guidance) to a shareholder, including a distribution in redemption of shares and a distribution of income or gains otherwise exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to non-U.S. shareholders described above (e.g., Capital Gain Dividends and short-term capital gain and interest-related dividends, as described above), will be subject to the new 30% withholding requirement. Payments to a foreign shareholder that is a “foreign financial institution” will generally be subject to withholding, unless such shareholder enters into an agreement with the IRS. Payments to shareholders that are U.S. persons or foreign individuals will generally not be subject to withholding, so long as such shareholders provide the fund with such certifications or other documentation as the fund requires to comply with the new rules. Persons investing in the fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary regarding the application of the new reporting and withholding regime to their investments in the fund.

Shareholders are urged to consult a tax advisor regarding this new reporting and withholding regime, in light of their particular circumstances.

General Considerations. The federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisers regarding the specific federal tax consequences of purchasing, holding, and disposing of shares of the fund, as well as the effects of state, local and foreign tax law and any proposed tax law changes.

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MANAGEMENT

Trustees

Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

Ravi Akhoury (Born 1947),  Advisor to New York  Director of Jacob Ballas Capital India (a non- 
Trustee since 2009  Life Insurance  banking finance company focused on private equity 
  Company. Served as  advisory services) and a member of its 
  Chairman and CEO of  Compensation Committee. Mr. Akhoury also serves 
  MacKay Shields (a  as a Director of RAGE Frameworks, Inc. (a private 
  multi-product  software company). Mr. Akhoury previously served 
  investment management  as Director and on the Compensation Committee of 
  firm with AUM over $40  MaxIndia/New York Life Insurance Company in 
  billion) from 1992 to  India. Mr. Akhoury is also a Trustee of the Rubin 
  2007.  Museum, serving on the Investment Committee, and 
    of American India Foundation. Mr. Akhoury is a 
    former Vice President and Investment Policy 
    Committee member of Fischer, Francis, Trees and 
    Watts (a fixed-income portfolio management firm). 
    He previously served on the Board of Bharti 
    Telecom (an Indian telecommunications company) 
    and was a member of its Audit and Compensation 
    Committees. He also served on the Board of 
    Thompson Press (a publishing company) and was a 
    member of its Audit Committee. Mr. Akhoury 
    graduated from the Indian Institute of Technology 
    with a BS in Engineering and obtained an MS in 
    Quantitative Methods from SUNY at Stony Brook. 

Barbara M. Baumann (Born  President of Cross Creek  Director of SM Energy Company (a publicly held 
1955), Trustee since 2010  Energy Corporation, a  U.S. exploration and production company), 
  strategic consultant to  UniSource Energy Corporation (a publicly held 
  domestic energy firms  electric utility in Arizona), and CVR Energy, Inc. (a 
  and direct investor in  publicly held petroleum refiner and fertilizer 
  energy projects.  manufacturer. She is a Trustee of Mount Holyoke 
    College. She is a former Chair of the Board, and a 
    current Board member, of Girls Inc. of Metro 
    Denver, and serves on the Finance Committee of 
    The Children’s Hospital of Denver. Prior to 2003, 
    Ms. Baumann was Executive Vice President of 
    Associated Energy Managers, LLC (a domestic 
    private equity firm). From 1981 until 2000 she held 
    a variety of financial and operational management 
    positions with the global energy company Amoco 
    Corporation and its successor, BP Amoco. Ms. 
    Baumann holds a B.A. from Mount Holyoke College 
    and an MBA from The Wharton School of the 
    University of Pennsylvania. 

Jameson A. Baxter (Born  President of Baxter  Chairman of the Mutual Fund Directors Forum; 
1943), Trustee since 1994,  Associates, Inc., (a  Director of the Adirondack Land Trust; and Trustee 
Vice Chair from 2005 to 2011  private investment firm).  of the The Nature Conservancy’s Adirondack 

 

February 17, 2012  II-66 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

and Chair since 2011    Chapter. Until 2011, Ms. Baxter was a Director of 
    ASHTA Chemicals Inc. Until 2007, Ms. Baxter was 
    a Director of Banta Corporation (a printing and 
    supply chain management company), Ryerson, Inc. 
    (a metals service company) and Advocate Health 
    Care. She has also served as a director on a number 
    of other boards including BoardSource (formerly the 
    National Center for Nonprofit Boards), Intermatic 
    Corporation (a manufacturer of energy control 
    products) and MB Financial. She is Chairman 
    Emeritus of the Board of Trustees, Mount Holyoke 
    College. Ms. Baxter is also a graduate of Mount 
    Holyoke College. 

Charles B. Curtis (Born  Senior Advisor to the  Member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the 
1940), Trustee since 2001  Center for Strategic and  National Petroleum Council. Mr. Curtis also serves 
  International Studies.  as a Director of Edison International and Southern 
  Previously, President  California Edison. Until 2006, Mr. Curtis served as 
  and Chief Operating  a member of the Trustee Advisory Council of the 
  Officer, Nuclear Threat  Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins 
  Initiative (a private  University. Mr. Curtis is an attorney with over 15 
  foundation dealing with  years in private practice and 19 years in various 
  national security issues).  positions in public service, including service at the 
    Department of Treasury, the U.S. House of 
    Representatives, the Securities and Exchange 
    Commission, the Federal Energy Regulatory 
    Commission and the Department of Energy. 

Robert J. Darretta (Born  Mr. Darretta serves as a  Until April, 2007, Mr. Darretta was Vice Chairman 
1946), Trustee since 2007  director of the United  of the Board of Directors of Johnson & Johnson (a 
  Health Group and as the  diversified health care conglomerate). Mr. Darretta 
  Health Care Industry  received a B.S. in Economics from Villanova 
  Advisor to Permira, (a  University. 
  global private equity   
  firm). Prior to 2007, Mr.   
  Darretta was the Chief   
  Financial Officer of   
  Johnson & Johnson.   

John A. Hill (Born 1942),  Vice Chairman, First  Director of Devon Energy Corporation and various 
Trustee since 1985 and  Reserve Corporation (a  private companies owned by First Reserve 
Chairman from 2000 to 2011  private equity buyout  Corporation. He is also Chairman of The Board of 
  firm that specializes in  Trustees of Sarah Lawrence College and a member 
  energy investments in  of the Advisory Board of the Millstein Center for 
  the diversified world-  Corporate Governance and Performance at the Yale 
  wide energy industry).  School of Management. Mr. Hill received a B.A in 
    Economics from Southern Methodist University and 
    pursued graduate studies as a Woodrow Wilson 
    Fellow. 

Paul L. Joskow (Born 1947),  President of the Alfred  Trustee of Yale University; a Director of 
Trustee since 1997  P. Sloan Foundation (a  TransCanada Corporation (an energy company 

 

February 17, 2012  II-67 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

  philanthropic institution  focused on natural gas transmission and power 
  focused primarily on  services) and of Exelon Corporation (an energy 
  research and education  company focused on power services); and a Member 
  on issues related to  of the Board of Overseers of the Boston Symphony 
  science, technology and  Orchestra. Prior to August 2007, he served as a 
  economic performance).  Director of National Grid (a U.K.-based holding 
  He is the Elizabeth and  company with interests in electric and gas 
  James Killian Professor  transmission and distribution and 
  of Economics, Emeritus  telecommunications infrastructure). Prior to July, 
  and Management at the  2006, he served as President of the Yale University 
  Massachusetts Institute  Council. Prior to February 2005, he served on the 
  of Technology (“MIT”).  board of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical 
  Prior to 2007, he was the  Research (a non-profit research institution). Prior to 
  Director of the Center  February 2002, he was a Director of State Farm 
  for Energy and  Indemnity Company (an automobile insurance 
  Environmental Policy  company), and prior to March 2000, he was a 
  Research at MIT.  Director of New England Electric System (a public 
    utility holding company). Dr. Joskow holds a Ph.D. 
    and a M.Phil. From Yale University and a B.A. from 
    Cornell University. 

Elizabeth T. Kennan  Partner in Cambus-  Dr. Kennan served as Chairman and is now Lead 
(Born 1938), Trustee from  Kenneth Farm  Director of Northeast Utilities. She is a Trustee of 
1992-2010, and since 2012  (thoroughbred horse  the National Trust for Historic Preservation and of 
  breeding and general  Centre College, and Chairman of the Board of 
  farming). She is  Trustees of Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill. From 
  President Emeritus of  1992 to 2010, Dr. Kennan served as a Trustee on the 
  Mount Holyoke College.  Board of the Putnam Funds, which she then rejoined 
    as a Trustee in 2012. Until 2006, she was a member 
    of The Trustees of Reservations. Prior to June 2005, 
    she was a Director of Talbots, Inc., and she has 
    served as Director on a number of other boards, 
    including Bell Atlantic, Chastain Real Estate, 
    Shawmut Bank, Berkshire Life Insurance, and 
    Kentucky Home Life Insurance. Dr. Kennan has also 
    served as President of Five Colleges Incorporated 
    and as a Trustee of the University of Notre Dame, 
    and is active in various educational and civic 
    associations. Prior to 2001, Dr. Kennan served on 
    the oversight committee of the Folger Shakespeare 
    Library. 
 
    As a member of the faculty of Catholic University 
    for twelve years, until 1978, Dr. Kennan directed the 
    post-doctoral program in Patristic and Medieval 
    Studies, taught history, and published numerous 
    articles and two books. Dr. Kennan holds a Ph.D. 
    from the University of Washington in Seattle, an 
    M.A. from Oxford University, and an A.B. from 
    Mount Holyoke College. She holds several honorary 
doctorates. 

 

February 17, 2012  II-68 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

Kenneth R. Leibler (Born  A founder and former  Until November 2010, Mr. Leibler was a Director of 
1949), Trustee since 2006  Chairman of the Boston  Ruder Finn Group (a global communications and 
  Options Exchange (an  advertising firm). Prior to December 2006, Mr. 
  electronic market place  Leibler served as a Director of the Optimum Funds 
  for the trading of listed  Group. Prior to October 2006, he served as a 
  derivatives securities).  Director of ISO New England (the organization 
  He currently serves as  responsible for the operation of the electric 
  Vice Chairman of the  generation system in the New England states). Prior 
  Board of Trustees of  to 2000, he was a Director of the Investment 
  Beth Israel Deaconess  Company Institute in Washington, D.C. Prior to 
  Hospital in Boston and  January, 2005 Mr. Leibler served as Chairman and 
  as a Director of  Chief Executive Officer of the Boston Stock 
  Northeast Utilities,  Exchange. Prior to January 2000, he served as 
  which operates New  President and Chief Executive Officer of Liberty 
  England’s largest energy  Financial Companies (a publicly traded diversified 
  delivery system.  asset management organization). Prior to June 1990, 
    he served as President and Chief Operating Officer 
    of the American Stock Exchange (AMEX). Prior to 
    serving as AMEX President, he held the position of 
    Chief Financial Officer, and headed its management 
    and marketing operations. Mr. Leibler graduated 
    with a B.A in Economics from Syracuse University. 

Robert E. Patterson (Born  Senior Partner of Cabot  Mr. Patterson is past Chairman and served as a 
1945), Trustee since 1984  Properties, L.P. and Co-  Trustee of the Joslin Diabetes Center. Prior to 
  Chairman of Cabot  December 2001, Mr. Patterson served as the 
  Properties, Inc. (a  President and as a Trustee of Cabot Industrial Trust 
  private equity firm  (a publicly-traded real estate investment trust). He 
  investing in commercial  has also served as a Trustee of the Sea Education 
  real estate  Association. Prior to 1998, he was Executive Vice 
    President and Director of Acquisitions of Cabot 
    Partners Limited Partnership (a registered 
    investment adviser involved in institutional real 
    estate investments). Prior to 1990, he served as 
    Executive Vice President of Cabot & Forbes Realty 
    Advisers, Inc. (the predecessor company of Cabot 
    Partners). Mr. Patterson practiced law and held 
    various positions in state government, and was the 
    founding Executive Director of the Massachusetts 
    Industrial Finance Agency. Mr. Patterson is a 
    graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Law 
    School. 

George Putnam, III (Born  Chairman of New  Director of The Boston Family Office, LLC (a 
1951), Trustee since 1984  Generation Research,  registered investment advisor), a Trustee of 
  Inc. (a publisher of  Epiphany School and a Trustee of the Marine 
  financial advisory and  Biological Laboratory. Until 2010, Mr. Putnam was 
  other research services)  a Trustee of St. Mark’s School. Until 2006, Mr. 
  and President of New  Putnam was a Trustee of Shore Country Day School. 

 

February 17, 2012  II-69 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

  Generation Advisors,  Until 2002, he was a Trustee of the Sea Education 
  LLC (a registered  Association. Mr. Putnam is a graduate of Harvard 
  investment adviser to  College, Harvard Business School and Harvard Law 
  private funds), which are  School. 
  firms he founded in   
  1986. Prior to June 2007,   
  Mr. Putnam was   
  President of the Putnam   
  Funds.   

W. Thomas Stephens (Born  Prior to 2009, Mr.  Director of TransCanadaPipelines Ltd (an energy 
1942), Trustee from 1997-  Stephens was Chairman  infrastructure company). Until 2010, Mr. Stephens 
2008, and since 2009  and Chief Executive  was a Director of Boise Inc. (a manufacturer of 
  Officer of Boise  paper and packaging products). Until 2004, Mr. 
  Cascade, LLC (a paper,  Stephens was a Director of Xcel Energy 
  forest product and  Incorporated (a public utility company), Qwest 
  timberland assets  Communications and Norske Canada, Inc. (a paper 
  company).  manufacturer). Until 2003, Mr. Stephens was a 
    Director of Mail-Well, Inc. (a diversified printing 
    company). Prior to July 2001, Mr. Stephens was 
    Chairman of Mail-Well. Mr. Stephens holds a B.S. 
    and M.S. degrees from the University of Arkansas. 

Interested Trustees     

*Robert L. Reynolds (Born  President and Chief  Director of several not-for-profit boards, including 
1952), Trustee since 2008  Executive Officer of  West Virginia University Foundation, the Concord 
  Putnam Investments.  Museum, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Lahey 
  Member of Putnam  Clinic, and the Initiative for a Competitive Inner 
  Investments’ Executive  City, in Boston. He is a member of the Chief 
  Board of Directors.  Executives Club of Boston, the National 
  Prior to joining Putnam  Innovation Initiative, and the Council on 
  Investments in 2008, Mr.  Competitiveness, and he is a former President of the 
  Reynolds was Vice  Commercial Club of Boston. Prior to 2008, he 
  Chairman and Chief  served as a Director of FMR Corporation, Fidelity 
  Operating Officer of  Investments Insurance Ltd., Fidelity Investments 
  Fidelity Investments  Canada Ltd., and Fidelity Management Trust 
  from 2000 to 2007.  Company and as a Trustee of the Fidelity Family of 
    Funds. Mr. Reynolds received a B.S. in 
    Administration & Finance from West Virginia 
    University. 

 

1 The address of each Trustee is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109. As of December 31, 2011, there were 108 Putnam Funds.

2 Each Trustee serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement at age 75, death or removal.

*Trustee who is an “interested person” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management. Mr. Reynolds is deemed an “interested person” by virtue of his positions as an officer of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail

February 17, 2012  II-70 

 



Management. Mr. Reynolds is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments, LLC and President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds.

Trustee Qualifications

Each of the fund’s Trustees, with the exception of Ms. Baumann, was most recently elected by shareholders of the fund during 2009, although most of the Trustees have served on the board for many years. Ms. Baumann was elected to the Board of Trustees by the Independent Trustees effective July 1, 2010. Dr. Kennan, who retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on June 30, 2010, was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees by the Independent Trustees effective January 1, 2012. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee is responsible for recommending proposed nominees for election to the full Board of Trustees for its approval. As part of its deliberative process, the Committee considers the experience, qualifications, attributes and skills that it determines would benefit the Putnam funds at the time.

In recommending the election of the current board members as Trustees, the Committee generally considered the educational, business and professional experience of each Trustee in determining his or her qualifications to serve as a Trustee of the fund, including the Trustee's record of service as a director or trustee of public and private organizations. (This included, but was not limited to, consideration of the specific experience noted in the preceding table.) In the case of most members of the board, the Committee considered his or her previous service as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds, which demonstrated a high level of diligence and commitment to the interests of fund shareholders and an ability to work effectively and collegially with other members of the board.

The Committee also considered, among other factors, the particular attributes described below with respect to the various individual Trustees and considered the attributes as indicative of the person’s ability to deal effectively with the types of financial, regulatory, and/or investment matters that typically arise in the course of a Trustee’s work:

Ravi Akhoury -- Mr. Akhoury's experience as chairman and chief executive officer of a major investment management organization.

Barbara M. Baumann -- Ms. Baumann’s experience in the energy industry as a consultant, an investor, and in both financial and operational management positions at a global energy company, and her service as a director of two NYSE companies.

Jameson A. Baxter -- Ms. Baxter's experience in corporate finance acquired in the course of her career at a major investment bank, her experience as a director and audit committee chair of two NYSE companies and her role as Chairman of the Mutual Fund Directors Forum.

Charles B. Curtis -- Mr. Curtis' experience in public and regulatory policy matters relating to energy and finance acquired in the course of his service in various senior positions in government and on numerous boards of public and private organizations.

Robert J. Darretta -- Mr. Darretta's experience as the Chief Financial Officer and Vice Chairman of the Board of a major NYSE health products company.

John A. Hill -- Mr. Hill's experience as founder and chairman of a major open-end mutual fund and as a founder and lead managing partner of one of the largest private equity firms in the U.S.

Paul L. Joskow -- Dr. Joskow's education and experience as a professional economist familiar with financial economics and related issues and his service on multiple for-profit boards.

February 17, 2012  II-71 

 



Elizabeth T. Kennan -- Dr. Kennan’s experience as a director of numerous public companies and her service for many years as President of Mount Holyoke College.

Kenneth R. Leibler -- Mr. Leibler's extensive experience in the financial services industry, including as CEO of a major asset management organization, and his service as a director of various public and private companies.

Robert E. Patterson -- Mr. Patterson’s training and experience as an attorney and his experience as president of a NYSE company.

George Putnam, III -- Mr. Putnam’s training and experience as an attorney, his experience as the founder and chief executive officer of an investment management firm and his experience as an author of various publications on the subject of investments.

W. Thomas Stephens -- Mr. Stephens' extensive business experience, including his service as Chief Executive Officer of four public companies, as non-executive chairman of two public companies and as a director of numerous other public companies.

Interested Trustee

Robert L. Reynolds -- Mr. Reynolds’ extensive experience as a senior executive of one of the largest mutual fund organizations in the U.S. and his current role as the Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments.

Officers

In addition to Robert L. Reynolds, the fund’s President, the other officers of the fund are shown below. All of the officers of your fund are employees of Putnam Management or its affiliates or are members of the Trustees’ independent administrative staff.

Name, Address1 , Year of Birth,  Length of Service with  Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years and 
Position(s) Held with Fund  the Putnam Funds2  Position(s) with Fund’s Investment Adviser and 
    Distributor3 

Jonathan S. Horwitz4 (Born 1955)  Since 2004  Executive Vice President, Principal Executive 
Executive Vice President, Principal    Officer, Treasurer and Compliance Liaison 
Executive Officer, Treasurer and     
Compliance Liaison     

Steven D. Krichmar (Born 1958)  Since 2002  Chief of Operations, Putnam Investments and 
Vice President and Principal    Putnam Management. 
Financial Officer     

Janet C. Smith (Born 1965)  Since 2007  Director of Fund Administration Services, Putnam 
Vice President, Assistant Treasurer    Investments and Putnam Management. 
and Principal Accounting Officer     

Robert R. Leveille (Born 1969)  Since 2007  Chief Compliance Officer, Putnam Investments, 
Vice President and Chief Compliance    Putnam Management and Putnam Retail 
Officer    Management 

Mark C. Trenchard (Born 1962)  Since 2002  Director of Operational Compliance, Putnam 
Vice President and BSA Compliance    Investments, Putnam Retail Management 
Officer     

Robert T. Burns (Born 1961)  Since 2011  General Counsel, Putnam Investments and Putnam 
Vice President and Chief Legal    Management. 
Officer     

 

February 17, 2012  II-72 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of Birth,  Length of Service with  Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years and 
Position(s) Held with Fund  the Putnam Funds2  Position(s) with Fund’s Investment Adviser and 
    Distributor3 

James P. Pappas (Born 1953) Vice  Since 2004  Director of Trustee Relations, Putnam Investments 
President    and Putnam Management. 

Judith Cohen4 (Born 1945)  Since 1993  Vice President, Clerk and Assistant Treasurer, The 
Vice President, Clerk and Assistant    Putnam Funds. 
Treasurer     

Michael Higgins4 (Born 1976)  Since 2010  Manager of Finance, Dunkin’ Brands (2008-2010); 
Vice President, Senior Associate    Senior Financial Analyst, Old Mutual Asset 
Treasurer and Assistant Clerk    Management (2007-2008); Senior Financial Analyst, 
    Putnam Investments (1999-2007). 

Nancy E. Florek4 (Born 1957)  Since 2000  Vice President, Assistant Clerk, Assistant Treasurer 
Vice President, Assistant Clerk,    and Proxy Manager, The Putnam Funds. 
Assistant Treasurer and Proxy     
Manager     

Susan G. Malloy (Born 1957)  Since 2007  Director of Accounting and Control Services, 
Vice President and Assistant    Putnam Management. 
Treasurer     

 

1The address of each Officer is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109.

2Each officer serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement, death or removal.

3Prior positions and/or officer appointments with the fund or the fund’s investment adviser and distributor have been omitted.

4Officers of the fund indicated are members of the Trustees’ independent administrative staff. Compensation for these individuals is fixed by the Trustees and reimbursed to Putnam Management by the funds.

Except as stated above, the principal occupations of the officers and Trustees for the last five years have been with the employers as shown above, although in some cases they have held different positions with such employers.

Leadership Structure and Standing Committees of the Board of Trustees

For details regarding the number of times the standing committees of the Board of Trustees met during a fund's last fiscal year, see "Trustee responsibilities and fees" in Part I of this SAI.

Board Leadership Structure. Currently, 12 of the 13 Trustees of your fund are Independent Trustees, meaning that they are not considered "interested persons" of your fund or its investment manager. These Independent Trustees must vote separately to approve all financial arrangements and other agreements with your fund’s investment manager and other affiliated parties. The role of the Independent Trustees has been characterized as that of a “watchdog” charged with oversight to protect shareholders’ interests against overreaching and abuse by those who are in a position to control or influence a fund. Your fund’s Independent Trustees meet regularly as a group in executive session. An Independent Trustee currently serves as chair of the Board.

Taking into account the number, the diversity and the complexity of the funds overseen by the Board and the aggregate amount of assets under management, your fund’s Trustees have determined that the efficient conduct of the Board's affairs makes it desirable to delegate responsibility for certain specific matters to committees of the Board. Certain committees (the Executive Committee, Distributions Committee, and Audit and Compliance Committee) are authorized to act for the Trustees as specified in their charters. The other committees review and evaluate matters specified in their charters and make recommendations to the Trustees as they deem appropriate. Each committee may utilize the resources of your fund’s independent staff, counsel and auditors as well as other experts. The committees meet as often as necessary, either in conjunction with regular meetings of the Trustees or otherwise. The membership and chair of each committee are appointed by

February 17, 2012  II-73 

 



the Trustees upon recommendation of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee. Each Committee is chaired by an Independent Trustee and, except as noted below, the membership and chairs of each committee consist exclusively of Independent Trustees. Dr. Kennan is not listed below as a member of any committees as she was recently re-appointed to the Board of Trustees and has not yet officially taken on her committee assignments as of the date of this SAI.

The Trustees have determined that this committee structure also allows the Board to focus more effectively on the oversight of risk as part of its broader oversight of the fund's affairs. While risk management is the primary responsibility of the fund's investment manager, the Trustees regularly receive reports regarding investment risks and compliance risks. The Board's committee structure allows separate committees to focus on different aspects of these risks and their potential impact on some or all of the funds and to discuss with the fund's investment manager how it monitors and controls such risks.

Audit and Compliance Committee. The Audit and Compliance Committee provides oversight on matters relating to the preparation of the funds’ financial statements, compliance matters, internal audit functions, and Codes of Ethics issues. This oversight is discharged by regularly meeting with management and the funds’ independent auditors and keeping current on industry developments. Duties of this Committee also include the review and evaluation of all matters and relationships pertaining to the funds’ independent auditors, including their independence. The members of the Committee include only Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the funds or Putnam Management. Each member of the Committee also is “independent,” as that term is interpreted for purposes of Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange. The Board of Trustees has adopted a written charter for the Committee, a current copy of which is available at Putnam.com/individual. The Committee currently consists of Messrs. Leibler (Chairperson), Curtis, Darretta and Hill, and Ms. Baumann.

Board Policy and Nominating Committee. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee reviews matters pertaining to the operations of the Board of Trustees and its Committees, the compensation of the Trustees and their staff, and the conduct of legal affairs for the funds. The Committee evaluates and recommends all candidates for election as Trustees and recommends the appointment of members and chairs of each board committee. The Committee will consider nominees for Trustee recommended by shareholders of a fund provided that such recommendations are submitted by the date disclosed in the fund’s proxy statement and otherwise comply with applicable securities laws, including Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act. The Committee also reviews policy matters affecting the operation of the Board and its independent staff. In addition, the Committee oversees the voting of proxies associated with portfolio investments of the funds with the goal of ensuring that these proxies are voted in the best interest of the funds’ shareholders. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee generally believes that the Board benefits from diversity of background, experience and views among its members, and considers this as a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy in this regard. The Committee is composed entirely of Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the funds or Putnam Management and currently consists of Messrs. Hill (Chairperson), Curtis, Patterson and Putnam, and Ms. Baxter.

<R>

Brokerage Committee. The Brokerage Committee reviews the funds' policies regarding the execution of portfolio trades and Putnam Management's practices and procedures relating to the implementation of those policies. The Committee reviews periodic reports on the cost and quality of execution of portfolio transactions and the extent to which brokerage commissions have been used (i) by Putnam Management to obtain brokerage and research services generally useful to it in managing the portfolios of the funds and of its other clients, and (ii) by the funds to pay for certain fund expenses. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Drs. Joskow (Chairperson) and Kennan, Ms. Baxter, and Messrs. Akhoury, Patterson, Putnam and Stephens.

February 17, 2012  II-74 

 



Contract Committee. The Contract Committee reviews and evaluates at least annually all arrangements pertaining to (i) the engagement of Putnam Management and its affiliates to provide services to the funds, (ii) the expenditure of the funds' assets for distribution purposes pursuant to Distribution Plans of the funds, and (iii) the engagement of other persons to provide material services to the funds, including in particular those instances where the cost of services is shared between the funds and Putnam Management and its affiliates or where Putnam Management or its affiliates have a material interest. The Committee also reviews the proposed organization of new fund products, proposed structural changes to existing funds and matters relating to closed-end funds. The Committee reports and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Mr. Patterson (Chairperson), Ms. Baxter, Drs. Joskow and Kennan, and Messrs. Akhoury, Putnam and Stephens.

</R>

Distributions Committee. The Distributions Committee oversees all dividends and distributions by the funds. The Committee makes recommendations to the Trustees of the funds regarding the amount and timing of distributions paid by the funds, and determines such matters when the Trustees are not in session. The Committee also oversees the policies and procedures pursuant to which Putnam Management prepares recommendations for distributions, and meets regularly with representatives of Putnam Management to review the implementation of these policies and procedures. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Ms. Baumann (Chairperson), and Messrs. Curtis, Darretta, Hill and Leibler.

Executive Committee. The functions of the Executive Committee are twofold. The first is to ensure that the funds’ business may be conducted at times when it is not feasible to convene a meeting of the Trustees or for the Trustees to act by written consent. The Committee may exercise any or all of the power and authority of the Trustees when the Trustees are not in session. The second is to establish annual and ongoing goals, objectives and priorities for the Board of Trustees and to ensure coordination of all efforts between the Trustees and Putnam Management on behalf of the shareholders of the funds. The Committee currently consists of Ms. Baxter (Chairperson), and Messrs. Hill, Patterson and Putnam.

<R>

Investment Oversight Committees. The Investment Oversight Committees regularly meet with investment personnel of Putnam Management to review the investment performance and strategies of the funds in light of their stated investment objectives and policies. The Committees seek to identify any compliance issues that are unique to the applicable categories of funds and work with the appropriate Board committees to ensure that any such issues are properly addressed. Investment Oversight Committee A currently consists of Messrs. Akhoury (Chairperson), Darretta, Hill, Patterson and Reynolds, Dr. Kennan and Ms. Baxter. Investment Oversight Committee B currently consists of Messrs. Putnam (Chairperson), Curtis, Leibler and Stephens, Dr. Joskow, and Ms. Baumann.

</R>

Pricing Committee. The Pricing Committee oversees the valuation of assets of the Putnam funds and reviews the funds’ policies and procedures for achieving accurate and timely pricing of fund shares. The Committee also oversees implementation of these policies, including fair value determinations of individual securities made by Putnam Management or other designated agents of the funds. The Committee also oversees compliance by money market funds with Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act and the correction of occasional pricing errors. The Committee also reviews matters related to the liquidity of portfolio holdings. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Messrs. Darretta (Chairperson), Curtis, Hill and Leibler, and Ms. Baumann.

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Indemnification of Trustees

The Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the fund provides that the fund will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with litigation in which they may be involved because of their offices with the fund, except if it is determined in the manner specified in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust that they have not acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that their actions were in the best interests of the fund or that such indemnification would relieve any officer or Trustee of any liability to the fund or its shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties. The fund, at its expense, provides liability insurance for the benefit of its Trustees and officers.

For details of Trustees’ fees paid by the fund and information concerning retirement guidelines for the Trustees, see “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI.

Putnam Management and its affiliates

Putnam Management is one of America’s oldest and largest money management firms. Putnam Management’s staff of experienced portfolio managers and research analysts selects securities and constantly supervises the fund’s portfolio. By pooling an investor’s money with that of other investors, a greater variety of securities can be purchased than would be the case individually; the resulting diversification helps reduce investment risk. Putnam Management has been managing mutual funds since 1937.

Putnam Management is a subsidiary of Putnam Investments, of which a majority is owned through a series of subsidiaries by Great-West Lifeco Inc., which is a financial services holding company with operations in Canada, the United States and Europe and is a member of the Power Financial Corporation group of companies. Power Financial Corporation, a global company with interests in the financial services industry, is a subsidiary of Power Corporation of Canada, a financial, industrial, and communications holding company, of which the Honorable Paul Desmarais, Sr., through a group of private holding companies which he controls, has voting control.

Trustees and officers of the fund who are also officers of Putnam Management or its affiliates or who are stockholders of Putnam Investments or its parent companies will benefit from the advisory fees, sales commissions, distribution fees and transfer agency fees paid or allowed by the fund.

The Management Contract

Under a Management Contract between the fund and Putnam Management, subject to such policies as the Trustees may determine, Putnam Management, at its expense, furnishes continuously an investment program for the fund and makes investment decisions on behalf of the fund. Subject to the control of the Trustees, Putnam Management also manages, supervises and conducts the other affairs and business of the fund, furnishes office space and equipment, provides bookkeeping and clerical services (including determination of the fund’s net asset value, but excluding shareholder accounting services) and places all orders for the purchase and sale of the fund’s portfolio securities. Putnam Management may place fund portfolio transactions with broker-dealers that furnish Putnam Management, without cost to it, certain research, statistical and quotation services of value to Putnam Management and its affiliates in advising the fund and other clients. In so doing, Putnam Management may cause the fund to pay greater brokerage commissions than it might otherwise pay.

For details of Putnam Management’s compensation under the Management Contract, see “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI. Putnam Management’s compensation under the Management Contract may be reduced in any year if the fund’s expenses exceed the limits on investment company expenses imposed by any statute or regulatory authority of any jurisdiction in which shares of the fund are qualified for offer or sale. The term “expenses” is defined in the statutes or regulations of such jurisdictions, and generally excludes

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brokerage commissions, taxes, interest, extraordinary expenses and, if the fund has a distribution plan, payments made under such plan.

Fund-specific expense limitation. Under the Management Contract, Putnam Management may reduce its compensation to the extent that the fund’s expenses exceed such lower expense limitation as Putnam Management may, by notice to the fund, declare to be effective. For the purpose of determining any such limitation on Putnam Management’s compensation, expenses of the fund shall not reflect the application of commissions or cash management credits that may reduce designated fund expenses. The terms of any such expense limitation specific to a particular fund are described in the prospectus and/or Part I of this SAI.

General expense limitation. Through at least June 30, 2012, Putnam Management will reimburse expenses or waive fees of the fund to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses, underlying fund fees and expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis, to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period.

In addition to the fee paid to Putnam Management, the fund reimburses Putnam Management for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their assistants who provide certain administrative services for the fund and the other Putnam funds, each of which bears an allocated share of the foregoing costs. The aggregate amount of all such payments and reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.

The amount of this reimbursement for the fund’s most recent fiscal year is included in “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI. Putnam Management pays all other salaries of officers of the fund. The fund pays all expenses not assumed by Putnam Management including, without limitation, auditing, legal, custodial, investor servicing and shareholder reporting expenses. The fund pays the cost of typesetting for its prospectuses and the cost of printing and mailing any prospectuses sent to its shareholders. Putnam Retail Management pays the cost of printing and distributing all other prospectuses.

The Management Contract provides that Putnam Management shall not be subject to any liability to the fund or to any shareholder of the fund for any act or omission in the course of or connected with rendering services to the fund in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties on the part of Putnam Management.

The Management Contract may be terminated without penalty by vote of the Trustees or the shareholders of the fund, or by Putnam Management, on 30 days’ written notice. It may be amended only by a vote of the shareholders of the fund. The Management Contract also terminates without payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment. The Management Contract provides that it will continue in effect only so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by vote of either the Trustees or the shareholders, and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. In each of the foregoing cases, the vote of the shareholders is the affirmative vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” as defined in the 1940 Act.

Putnam Management has entered into a Master Sub-Accounting Services Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company ("State Street"), under which Putnam Management has delegated to State Street responsibility for providing certain administrative, pricing, and bookkeeping services for the fund. Putnam Management pays State Street a fee, monthly, based on a combination of fixed annual charges and charges based on the fund's assets and the number and types of securities held by the fund, and reimburses State Street for certain out-of-pocket expenses.

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The Sub-Manager

If so disclosed in the fund’s prospectus, PIL, an affiliate of Putnam Management, has been retained as the sub-manager for a portion of the assets of the fund, as determined by Putnam Management from time to time, pursuant to a sub-management agreement between Putnam Management and PIL. Under the terms of the sub-management contract, PIL, at its own expense, furnishes continuously an investment program for that portion of each such fund that is allocated to PIL from time to time by Putnam Management and makes investment decisions on behalf of such portion of the fund, subject to the supervision of Putnam Management. Putnam Management may also, at its discretion, request PIL to provide assistance with purchasing and selling securities for the fund, including placement of orders with certain broker-dealers. PIL, at its expense, furnishes all necessary investment and management facilities, including salaries of personnel, required for it to execute its duties.

The sub-management contract provides that PIL shall not be subject to any liability to Putnam Management, the fund or any shareholder of the fund for any act or omission in the course of or connected with rendering services to the fund in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties on the part of PIL.

The sub-management contract may be terminated with respect to a fund without penalty by vote of the Trustees or the shareholders of the fund, or by PIL or Putnam Management, on 30 days’ written notice. The sub-management contract also terminates without payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment. Subject to applicable law, it may be amended by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. The sub-management contract provides that it will continue in effect only so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by vote of either the Trustees or the shareholders, and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. In each of the foregoing cases, the vote of the shareholders is the affirmative vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” as defined in the 1940 Act.

The Sub-Adviser

If so disclosed in the fund’s prospectus, The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (“PAC”), an affiliate of Putnam Management, has been retained as a sub-adviser for a portion of the assets of the fund, as determined from time to time by Putnam Management or, with respect to portions of a fund’s assets for which PIL acts as sub-manager as described above, PIL pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement among Putnam Management, PIL and PAC. Under certain terms of the sub-advisory contract, PAC, at its own expense, furnishes continuously an investment program for that portion of each such fund that is allocated to PAC from time to time by Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable and makes investment decisions on behalf of such portion of the fund, subject to the supervision of Putnam Management or PIL, as the case may be. Putnam Management or PIL, as the case may be, may also, at its discretion, request PAC to provide assistance with purchasing and selling securities for the fund, including placement of orders with certain broker-dealers.

PAC, at its expense, furnishes all necessary investment and management facilities, including salaries of personnel, required for it to execute its duties. The sub-advisory contract provides that PAC shall not be subject to any liability to Putnam Management, PIL, the fund or any shareholder of the fund for any act or omission in the course of or connected with rendering services to the fund in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties on the part of PAC.

The sub-advisory contract may be terminated with respect to a fund without penalty by vote of the Trustees or the shareholders of the fund, or by PAC, PIL or Putnam Management, on 30 days’ written notice. The sub-advisory contract also terminates without payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment. Subject to applicable law, it may be amended by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. The sub-advisory contract provides that it will continue in effect only so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by vote of either the Trustees or the shareholders, and, in either

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case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. In each of the foregoing cases, the vote of the shareholders is the affirmative vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” as defined in the 1940 Act.

Portfolio Transactions

Potential conflicts of interest in managing multiple accounts. Like other investment professionals with multiple clients, the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s) may face certain potential conflicts of interest in connection with managing both the fund and the other accounts listed under “PORTFOLIO MANAGERS” “Other accounts managed” at the same time. The paragraphs below describe some of these potential conflicts, which Putnam Management believes are faced by investment professionals at most major financial firms. As described below, Putnam Management and the Trustees of the Putnam funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that attempt to address certain of these potential conflicts.

The management of accounts with different advisory fee rates and/or fee structures, including accounts that pay advisory fees based on account performance (“performance fee accounts”), may raise potential conflicts of interest by creating an incentive to favor higher-fee accounts. These potential conflicts may include, among others:

• The most attractive investments could be allocated to higher-fee accounts or performance fee accounts.

• The trading of higher-fee accounts could be favored as to timing and/or execution price. For example, higher-fee accounts could be permitted to sell securities earlier than other accounts when a prompt sale is desirable or to buy securities at an earlier and more opportune time.

• The trading of other accounts could be used to benefit higher-fee accounts (front- running).

• The investment management team could focus their time and efforts primarily on higher-fee accounts due to a personal stake in compensation.

Putnam Management attempts to address these potential conflicts of interest relating to higher-fee accounts through various compliance policies that are generally intended to place all accounts, regardless of fee structure, on the same footing for investment management purposes. For example, under Putnam Management’s policies:

• Performance fee accounts must be included in all standard trading and allocation procedures with all other accounts.

• All accounts must be allocated to a specific category of account and trade in parallel with allocations of similar accounts based on the procedures generally applicable to all accounts in those groups (e.g., based on relative risk budgets of accounts).

• All trading must be effected through Putnam’s trading desks and normal queues and procedures must be followed (i.e., no special treatment is permitted for performance fee accounts or higher-fee accounts based on account fee structure).

• Front running is strictly prohibited.

• The fund’s Portfolio Manager(s) may not be guaranteed or specifically allocated any portion of a performance fee.

As part of these policies, Putnam Management has also implemented trade oversight and review procedures in order to monitor whether particular accounts (including higher-fee accounts or performance fee accounts) are being favored over time.

Potential conflicts of interest may also arise when the Portfolio Manager(s) have personal investments in other accounts that may create an incentive to favor those accounts. As a general matter and subject to limited exceptions, Putnam Management’s investment professionals do not have the opportunity to invest in client accounts, other than the Putnam funds. However, in the ordinary course of business, Putnam Management or

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related persons may from time to time establish “pilot” or “incubator” funds for the purpose of testing proposed investment strategies and products prior to offering them to clients. These pilot accounts may be in the form of registered investment companies, private funds such as partnerships or separate accounts established by Putnam Management or an affiliate. Putnam Management or an affiliate supplies the funding for these accounts. Putnam employees, including the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s), may also invest in certain pilot accounts. Putnam Management, and to the extent applicable, the Portfolio Manager(s) will benefit from the favorable investment performance of those funds and accounts. Pilot funds and accounts may, and frequently do, invest in the same securities as the client accounts. Putnam Management’s policy is to treat pilot accounts in the same manner as client accounts for purposes of trading allocation – neither favoring nor disfavoring them except as is legally required. For example, pilot accounts are normally included in Putnam Management’s daily block trades to the same extent as client accounts (except that pilot accounts do not participate in initial public offerings).

A potential conflict of interest may arise when the fund and other accounts purchase or sell the same securities. On occasions when the Portfolio Manager(s) consider the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of the fund as well as other accounts, Putnam Management’s trading desk may, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased in order to obtain the best execution and lower brokerage commissions, if any. Aggregation of trades may create the potential for unfairness to the fund or another account if one account is favored over another in allocating the securities purchased or sold – for example, by allocating a disproportionate amount of a security that is likely to increase in value to a favored account. Putnam Management’s trade allocation policies generally provide that each day’s transactions in securities that are purchased or sold by multiple accounts are, insofar as possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such accounts (including the fund) in a manner which in Putnam Management’s opinion is equitable to each account and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each account. Certain exceptions exist for specialty, regional or sector accounts. Trade allocations are reviewed on a periodic basis as part of Putnam Management’s trade oversight procedures in an attempt to ensure fairness over time across accounts.

“Cross trades,” in which one Putnam account sells a particular security to another account (potentially saving transaction costs for both accounts), may also pose a potential conflict of interest. Cross trades may be seen to involve a potential conflict of interest if, for example, one account is permitted to sell a security to another account at a higher price than an independent third party would pay, or if such trades result in more attractive investments being allocated to higher-fee accounts. Putnam Management and the fund’s Trustees have adopted compliance procedures that provide that any transactions between the fund and another Putnam-advised account are to be made at an independent current market price, as required by law.

Another potential conflict of interest may arise based on the different investment objectives and strategies of the fund and other accounts. For example, another account may have a shorter-term investment horizon or different investment objectives, policies or restrictions than the fund. Depending on another account’s objectives or other factors, the Portfolio Manager(s) may give advice and make decisions that may differ from advice given, or the timing or nature of decisions made, with respect to the fund. In addition, investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular account involved. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain accounts even though it could have been bought or sold for other accounts at the same time. More rarely, a particular security may be bought for one or more accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager(s) when one or more other accounts are selling the security (including short sales). There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more accounts may have an adverse effect on other accounts. As noted above, Putnam Management has implemented trade oversight and review procedures to monitor whether any account is systematically favored over time.

The fund’s Portfolio Manager(s) may also face other potential conflicts of interest in managing the fund, and the description above is not a complete description of every conflict that could be deemed to exist in managing both the fund and other accounts. For information on restrictions imposed on personal securities transactions

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of the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s), please see “- Personal Investments by Employees of Putnam Management and Putnam Retail Management and Officers and Trustees of the Fund.”

For information about other funds and accounts managed by the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s), please refer to “Who oversees and manages the fund(s)?” in the prospectus and “PORTFOLIO MANAGERS” “Other accounts managed” in Part I of the SAI.

Brokerage and research services.

Transactions on stock exchanges, commodities markets and futures markets and other agency transactions involve the payment by the fund of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions may vary among different brokers. A particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as execution venue and exchange. Although the fund does not typically pay commissions for principal transactions in the over-the-counter markets, such as the markets for most fixed income securities and certain derivatives, an undisclosed amount of profit or “mark-up” is included in the price the fund pays. In underwritten offerings, the price paid by the fund includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. See "Charges and expenses" in Part I of this SAI for information concerning commissions paid by the fund.

It has for many years been a common practice in the investment advisory business for broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for the clients of advisers of investment companies and other institutional investors to provide those advisers with brokerage and research services, as defined in Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act. Consistent with this practice, Putnam Management receives brokerage and research services from broker-dealers with which Putnam Management places the fund's portfolio transactions. The services that broker-dealers may provide to Putnam Management’s managers and analysts include, among others, brokerage and trading systems, economic analysis, investment research, industry and company reviews, statistical information, market data, evaluations of investments, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of investments and performance measurement services. Some of these services are of value to Putnam Management and its affiliates in advising various of their clients (including the fund), although not all of these services are necessarily useful and of value in managing the fund. Research services provided by broker-dealers are supplemental to Putnam Management’s own research efforts and relieve Putnam Management of expenses it might otherwise have borne in generating such research. The management fee paid by the fund is not reduced because Putnam Management and its affiliates receive brokerage and research services even though Putnam Management might otherwise be required to purchase some of these services for cash. Putnam Management may also use portfolio transactions to generate “soft dollar” credits to pay for “mixed-use” services (i.e., products or services that may be used both for investment- and non-investment-related purposes), but in such instances Putnam Management uses its own resources to pay for that portion of the mixed-use product or service that in its good-faith judgment does not relate to investment or brokerage purposes. Putnam Management may also allocate trades to generate soft dollar credits for third-party investment research reports and related fundamental research.

Putnam Management places all orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio investments for the funds, and buys and sells investments for the funds, through a substantial number of brokers and dealers. In selecting broker-dealers to execute the funds’ portfolio transactions, Putnam Management uses its best efforts to obtain for each fund the most favorable price and execution reasonably available under the circumstances, except to the extent it may be permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions as described below. In seeking the most favorable price and execution and in considering the overall reasonableness of the brokerage commissions paid, Putnam Management, having in mind the fund's best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, in no particular order of importance, and by way of illustration, price, the size and type of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security or other investment, the amount of the commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial

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stability of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in other transactions.

Putnam Management may cause the fund to pay a broker-dealer that provides "brokerage and research services" (as defined in the Exchange Act and as described above) to Putnam Management an amount of disclosed commission for effecting securities transactions on stock exchanges and other transactions for the fund on an agency basis in excess of the commission another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction. Putnam Management may also instruct an executing broker to “step out” a portion of the trades placed with a broker to other brokers that provide brokerage and research services to Putnam Management. Putnam Management's authority to cause the fund to pay any such greater commissions or to instruct a broker to “step out” a portion of a trade is subject to the requirements of applicable law and such policies as the Trustees may adopt from time to time. It is the position of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission that Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act does not apply to the payment of such greater commissions in "principal" transactions. Accordingly, Putnam Management will use its best effort to obtain the most favorable price and execution available with respect to such transactions, as described above.

The Trustees of the funds have directed Putnam, subject to seeking most favorable pricing and execution, to use its best efforts to allocate a portion of overall fund trades to trading programs which generate commission credits to pay fund expenses such as shareholder servicing and custody charges. The extent of any commission credits generated for this purpose may vary significantly from time to time and from fund to fund depending on, among other things, the nature of each fund's trading activities and market conditions.

The Management Contract provides that commissions, fees, brokerage or similar payments received by Putnam Management or an affiliate in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio investments of the fund, less any direct expenses approved by the Trustees, shall be recaptured by the fund through a reduction of the fee payable by the fund under the Management Contract. Putnam Management seeks to recapture for the fund soliciting dealer fees on the tender of the fund's portfolio securities in tender or exchange offers. Any such fees which may be recaptured are likely to be minor in amount.

Principal Underwriter

Putnam Retail Management, located at One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109, is the principal underwriter of shares of the fund and the other continuously offered Putnam funds. Putnam Retail Management is not obligated to sell any specific amount of shares of the fund and will purchase shares for resale only against orders for shares. See “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI for information on sales charges and other payments received by Putnam Retail Management.

Personal Investments by Employees of Putnam Management and Putnam Retail Management and Officers and Trustees of the Fund

Employees of Putnam Management, PIL, PAC and Putnam Retail Management and officers and Trustees of the fund are subject to significant restrictions on engaging in personal securities transactions. These restrictions are set forth in the Codes of Ethics adopted by Putnam Management, PIL, PAC and Putnam Retail Management (the “Putnam Investments Code of Ethics”) and by the fund (the “Putnam Funds Code of Ethics”). The Putnam Investments Code of Ethics and the Putnam Funds Code of Ethics, in accordance with Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act, contain provisions and requirements designed to identify and address certain conflicts of interest between personal investment activities and the interests of the fund.

The Putnam Investments Code of Ethics does not prohibit personnel from investing in securities that may be purchased or held by the fund. However, the Putnam Investments Code of Ethics, consistent with standards recommended by the Investment Company Institute’s Advisory Group on Personal Investing and requirements established by Rule 17j-1 and rules adopted under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, among other things, prohibits personal securities investments without pre-clearance, imposes time periods during which personal transactions may not be made in certain securities by employees with access to investment information, and requires the timely submission of broker confirmations and quarterly reporting of personal securities

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transactions. Additional restrictions apply to portfolio managers, traders, research analysts and others involved in the investment advisory process.

The Putnam Funds Code of Ethics incorporates and applies the restrictions of the Putnam Investments Code of Ethics to officers and Trustees of the fund who are affiliated with Putnam Investments. The Putnam Funds Code of Ethics does not prohibit unaffiliated officers and Trustees from investing in securities that may be held by the fund; however, the Putnam Funds Code of Ethics regulates the personal securities transactions of unaffiliated Trustees of the fund, including limiting the time periods during which they may personally buy and sell certain securities and requiring them to submit reports of personal securities transactions under certain circumstances.

The fund’s Trustees, in compliance with Rule 17j-1, approved the Putnam Investments and the Putnam Funds Codes of Ethics and are required to approve any material changes to these Codes. The Trustees also provide continued oversight of personal investment policies and annually evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the Codes of Ethics.

Investor Servicing Agent

Putnam Investor Services, Inc., located at One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109, is the fund’s investor servicing agent (transfer, plan and dividend disbursing agent), for which it receives fees that are paid monthly by the fund as an expense of all its shareholders. The fee paid to Putnam Investor Services, subject to certain limitations, is based on a fund’s retail asset level, the number of shareholder accounts in the fund and the level of defined contribution plan assets in the fund. Through at least June 30, 2012, investor servicing fees for the fund will not exceed an annual rate of 0.375% of the fund’s average assets.

Financial intermediaries (including brokers, dealers, banks, bank trust departments, registered investment advisers, financial planners, and retirement plan administrators) may own shares of the fund for the benefit of their customers in an omnibus account (including retirement plans). In these circumstances, the financial intermediaries or other third parties, rather than Putnam Investor Services, may provide some or all of the sub-accounting and similar record keeping services for their customers’ accounts. In recognition of these services, Putnam Investor Services may make payments to these financial intermediaries or other third parties. Payments may be based on the number of shareholders in an omnibus account or the assets held in an account. Putnam Investor Services also makes payments to financial intermediaries that charge networking fees for certain services provided in connection with the maintenance of shareholder accounts.

Putnam Investor Services will pay its affiliate, FASCore, LLC up to 0.24% on the average value of the assets in Putnam-administered plans invested in the funds on an annual basis in consideration of sub-accounting, recordkeeping, retirement plan administration and other services being provided to participants in Putnam-administered retirement plans with respect to their investments in the funds. In addition to these payments, affiliates of Putnam Investor Services may make payments to FASCore, LLC and its affiliates of the types, and up to the amounts, described below under the headings “Distribution Plans" — “Additional Dealer Payments.”

Custodian

State Street Bank and Trust Company, located at 2 Avenue de Lafayette, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, is the fund’s custodian. State Street is responsible for safeguarding and controlling the fund’s cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, collecting interest and dividends on the fund’s investments, serving as the fund’s foreign custody manager, providing reports on foreign securities depositaries, making payments covering the expenses of the fund and performing other administrative duties. State Street does not determine the investment policies of the fund or decide which securities the fund will buy or sell. State Street has a lien on the fund’s assets to secure charges and advances made by it. The fund may from time to time enter into brokerage arrangements that reduce or recapture fund expenses, including custody expenses. The fund also has an offset arrangement that may reduce the fund’s custody fee based on the amount of cash maintained by its custodian.

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Counsel to the Fund and the Independent Trustees

Ropes & Gray LLP serves as counsel to the fund and the independent Trustees, and is located at Prudential Tower 800 Boylston Street, Boston Massachusetts 02199.

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

The fund determines the net asset value per share of each class of shares once each day the Exchange is open. Currently, the Exchange is closed Saturdays, Sundays and the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The fund determines net asset value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time. The net asset value per share of each class equals the total value of its assets, less its liabilities, divided by the number of its outstanding shares.

Assets of money market funds are valued at amortized cost pursuant to Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act. For other funds, securities and other assets (“Securities”) for which market quotations are readily available are valued at prices which, in the opinion of Putnam Management, most nearly represent the market values of such Securities. Currently, prices for these Securities are determined using the last reported sale price (or official closing price for Securities listed on certain markets) or, if no sales are reported (as in the case of some Securities traded over-the-counter), the last reported bid price, except that certain Securities are valued at the mean between the last reported bid and ask prices. Short-term investments having remaining maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value. All other Securities are valued by Putnam Management or other parties at their fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees.

Reliable market quotations are not considered to be readily available for, among other Securities, long-term corporate bonds and notes, certain preferred stocks, tax-exempt securities, and certain foreign securities. These investments are valued at fair value, generally on the basis of valuations furnished by approved pricing services, which determine valuations for normal, institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships between securities that are generally recognized by institutional traders. Other Securities, such as various types of options, are valued at fair value on the basis of valuations furnished by broker-dealers or other market intermediaries.

Putnam Management values all other Securities at fair value using its internal resources. The valuation procedures applied in any specific instance are likely to vary from case to case. However, consideration is generally given to the financial position of the issuer and other fundamental analytical data relating to the investment and to the nature of the restrictions on disposition of the Securities (including any registration expenses that might be borne by the fund in connection with such disposition). In addition, specific factors are also generally considered, such as the cost of the investment, the market value of any unrestricted Securities of the same class, the size of the holding, the prices of any recent transactions or offers with respect to such Securities and any available analysts’ reports regarding the issuer. In the case of Securities that are restricted as to resale, Putnam Management determines fair value based on the inherent worth of the Security without regard to the restrictive feature, adjusted for any diminution in value resulting from the restrictive feature.

Generally, trading in certain Securities (such as foreign securities) is substantially completed each day at various times before the close of the Exchange. The closing prices for these Securities in markets or on exchanges outside the U.S. that close before the close of the Exchange may not fully reflect events that occur after such close but before the close of the Exchange. As a result, the fund has adopted fair value pricing procedures, which, among other things, require the fund to fair value foreign equity securities if there has been a movement in the U.S. market that exceeds a specified threshold. Although the threshold may be revised from time to time and the number of days on which fair value prices will be used will vary, it is possible that fair value prices will be used by the fund to a significant extent. In addition, Securities held by some of the funds may be traded in foreign markets that are open for business on days that the fund is not, and the trading

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of such Securities on those days may have an impact on the value of a shareholder’s investment at a time when the shareholder cannot buy and sell shares of the fund. Currency exchange rates used in valuing Securities are normally determined as of 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.

In addition, because of the amount of time required to collect and process trading information as to large numbers of securities issues, the values of certain Securities (such as convertible bonds, U.S. government securities and tax-exempt securities) are determined based on market quotations collected before the close of the Exchange. Occasionally, events affecting the value of such Securities may occur between the time of the determination of value and the close of the Exchange, which, in the absence of fair value prices, would not be reflected in the computation of the fund’s net asset value. If events materially affecting the value of such Securities occur during such period, then these Securities will be valued by Putnam Management at their fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. It is expected that any such instance would be very rare.

The fair value of Securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such Securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a Security at a given point in time and does not reflect an actual market price.

The fund may also value its Securities at fair value under other circumstances pursuant to procedures approved by the Trustees.

Money Market Funds

Money market funds generally value their portfolio securities at amortized cost according to Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act.

Since the net income of a money market fund is declared as a dividend each time it is determined, the net asset value per share of a money market fund typically remains at $1.00 per share immediately after such determination and dividend declaration. Any increase in the value of a shareholder’s investment in a money market fund representing the reinvestment of dividend income is reflected by an increase in the number of shares of that fund in the shareholder’s account on the last business day of each month. It is expected that a money market fund’s net income will normally be positive each time it is determined. However, if because of realized losses on sales of portfolio investments, a sudden rise in interest rates, or for any other reason the net income of a fund determined at any time is a negative amount, a money market fund may offset such amount allocable to each then shareholder’s account from dividends accrued during the month with respect to such account. If, at the time of payment of a dividend, such negative amount exceeds a shareholder’s accrued dividends, a money market fund may reduce the number of outstanding shares by treating the shareholder as having contributed to the capital of the fund that number of full and fractional shares which represent the amount of the excess. Each shareholder is deemed to have agreed to such contribution in these circumstances by his or her investment in a money market fund.

INVESTOR SERVICES

Shareholder Information

Each time shareholders buy or sell shares, a statement confirming the transaction and listing their current share balance will be made available for viewing electronically or delivered via mail. (Under certain investment plans, a statement may only be sent quarterly.) The fund also sends annual and semiannual reports that keep shareholders informed about its portfolio and performance, and year-end tax information to simplify their recordkeeping. To help shareholders take full advantage of their Putnam investment, publications covering many topics of interest to investors are available on our website or from Putnam Investor Services. Shareholders may call Putnam Investor Services toll-free weekdays at 1-800-225-1581 between 8:00 a.m. and

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8:00 p.m., Eastern-time, for more information, including account balances. Shareholders can also visit the Putnam website at http://www.putnam.com.

Your Investing Account

The following information provides more detail concerning the operation of a Putnam Investing Account. For further information or assistance, investors should consult Putnam Investor Services. Shareholders who purchase shares through a defined contribution plan should note that not all of the services or features described below may be available to them, and they should contact their employer for details.

A shareholder may reinvest a cash distribution without a front-end sales charge or without the reinvested shares being subject to a CDSC, as the case may be, by delivering to Putnam Investor Services the uncashed distribution check. Putnam Investor Services must receive the properly endorsed check within 1 year after the date of the check.

The Investing Account also provides a way to accumulate shares of the fund. In most cases, after an initial investment, a shareholder may send checks to Putnam Investor Services, made payable to the fund, to purchase additional shares at the applicable public offering price next determined after Putnam Investor Services receives the check. Checks must be drawn on a U.S. bank and must be payable in U.S. dollars.

Putnam Investor Services acts as the shareholder's agent whenever it receives instructions to carry out a transaction on the shareholder's account. Upon receipt of instructions that shares are to be purchased for a shareholder's account, shares will be purchased through the investment dealer designated by the shareholder. Shareholders may change investment dealers at any time by written notice to Putnam Investor Services, provided the new dealer has a sales agreement with Putnam Retail Management.

Shares credited to an account are transferable upon written instructions in good order to Putnam Investor Services and may be sold to the fund as described under "How do I sell or exchange fund shares?" in the prospectus. Putnam funds no longer issue share certificates. A shareholder may send to Putnam Investor Services any certificates which have been previously issued to enable more convenient maintenance of the account as a book-entry account.

Putnam Retail Management, at its expense, may provide certain additional reports and administrative material to qualifying institutional investors with fiduciary responsibilities to assist these investors in discharging their responsibilities. Institutions seeking further information about this service should contact Putnam Retail Management, which may modify or terminate this service at any time.

The fund pays Putnam Investor Services' fees for maintaining Investing Accounts.

Checkwriting Privilege. For those funds that allow shareholders, as disclosed in the prospectus, to redeem shares by check, Putnam is currently waiving the minimum per-check amount stated in the prospectus.

Reinstatement Privilege

An investor who has redeemed shares of the fund may reinvest within 90 days of such redemption the proceeds of such redemption in shares of the same class of the fund, or may reinvest within 90 days of such redemption the proceeds in shares of the same class of one of the other continuously offered Putnam funds (through the exchange privilege described in the prospectus), including, in the case of shares subject to a CDSC, the amount of CDSC charged on the redemption. Any such reinvestment would be at the net asset value of the shares of the fund(s) the investor selects, next determined after Putnam Retail Management receives a Reinstatement Authorization. The time that the previous investment was held will be included in determining any applicable CDSC due upon redemptions and, in the case of class B shares, the eight-year period for conversion to class A shares. Reinstatements into class B, class C or class M shares may be permitted even if the resulting purchase

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would otherwise be rejected for causing a shareholder’s investments in such class to exceed the applicable investment maximum. Shareholders will receive from Putnam Retail Management the amount of any CDSC paid at the time of redemption as part of the reinstated investment, which may be treated as capital gains to the shareholder for tax purposes.

Exercise of the Reinstatement Privilege does not alter the federal income tax treatment of any capital gains realized on a sale of fund shares, but to the extent that any shares are sold at a loss and the proceeds are reinvested in shares of the fund, some or all of the loss may be disallowed as a deduction. Consult your tax adviser. Investors who desire to exercise the Reinstatement Privilege should contact their investment dealer or Putnam Investor Services.

Exchange Privilege

Except as otherwise set forth in this section, by calling Putnam Investor Services, investors may exchange shares valued in the aggregate up to $500,000 between accounts with identical registrations, provided that no certificates are outstanding for such shares. During periods of unusual market changes and shareholder activity, shareholders may experience delays in contacting Putnam Investor Services by telephone to exercise the telephone exchange privilege.

Putnam Investor Services also makes exchanges promptly after receiving a properly completed Exchange Authorization Form and, if issued, share certificates. If the shareholder is a corporation, partnership, agent, or surviving joint owner, Putnam Investor Services will require additional documentation of a customary nature. Because an exchange of shares involves the redemption of fund shares and reinvestment of the proceeds in shares of another Putnam fund, completion of an exchange may be delayed under unusual circumstances if the fund were to suspend redemptions or postpone payment for the fund shares being exchanged, in accordance with federal securities laws. Exchange Authorization Forms and prospectuses of the other Putnam funds are available from Putnam Retail Management or investment dealers having sales contracts with Putnam Retail Management. The prospectus of each fund describes its investment objective(s) and policies, and shareholders should obtain a prospectus and consider these objectives and policies carefully before requesting an exchange. Shares of certain Putnam funds are not available to residents of all states. The fund reserves the right to change or suspend the exchange privilege at any time. Shareholders would be notified of any change or suspension. Additional information is available from Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581. Shareholders of other Putnam funds may also exchange their shares at net asset value for shares of the fund, as set forth in the current prospectus of each fund. Exchanges from Putnam Money Market Fund, Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund or Putnam Short Duration Income Fund into another Putnam fund may be subject to an initial sales charge.

For federal income tax purposes, an exchange is a sale on which the investor generally will realize a capital gain or loss depending on whether the net asset value at the time of the exchange is more or less than the investor's basis.

All exchanges are subject to applicable short-term trading fees and Putnam’s policies on excessive short-term trading, as set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus. In addition, trustees, sponsors and administrators of qualified plans that invest in the Fund may impose short-term trading fees whose terms may differ from those described in the Prospectus.

Same-Fund Exchange Privilege. Class A shareholders who are eligible to invest in Class Y shares, and Class C shareholders who are eligible to invest in Class Y shares and who are no longer subject to a CDSC, are eligible to exchange their Class A or Class C shares for Class Y shares of the same fund, if offered in their state. No sales charges or other charges will apply to any such exchange.

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In addition, Class Y shareholders who are eligible to invest in Class A or Class C shares are eligible to exchange their Class Y shares for Class A or Class C shares of the same fund, if offered in their state, if the Class Y shares are held in an investment option or program that no longer permits the use of Class Y shares in that option or program or if the shareholder otherwise becomes ineligible to invest in Class Y shares. You should be aware that the financial institution or intermediary through which you hold Class Y shares may have the authority under its account or similar agreement with you to exchange your Class Y shares for Class A or Class C shares under these circumstances, and none of the Putnam Funds, Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services are responsible for any actions taken by your financial institution or intermediary in this regard. No sales charges or other charges will apply to any such exchange.

For federal income tax purposes, a same-fund exchange is not expected to result in the realization by the investor of a capital gain or loss.

The same-fund exchange privilege may not be available for all accounts and may not be offered by all financial institutions or intermediaries through which you hold your shares. To exchange shares under the same-fund exchange privilege, please contact your investment dealer or Putnam Investor Services.

Dividends PLUS

Shareholders may invest the fund's distributions of net investment income or distributions combining net investment income and short-term capital gains in shares of the same class of another continuously offered Putnam fund (the "receiving fund") using the net asset value per share of the receiving fund determined on the date the fund's distribution is payable. No sales charge or CDSC will apply to the purchased shares. The prospectus of each fund describes its investment objective(s) and policies, and shareholders should obtain a prospectus and consider these objective(s) and policies carefully before investing their distributions in the receiving fund. Shares of certain Putnam funds are not available to residents of all states.

Shareholders of other Putnam funds may also use their distributions to purchase shares of the fund at net asset value.

For federal tax purposes, distributions from the fund which are reinvested in another fund are treated as paid by the fund to the shareholder and invested by the shareholder in the receiving fund and thus, to the extent composed of taxable income and deemed paid to a taxable shareholder, are taxable.

The Dividends PLUS program may be revised or terminated at any time.

Plans Available to Shareholders

The plans described below are fully voluntary and may be terminated at any time without the imposition by the fund or Putnam Investor Services of any penalty. All plans provide for automatic reinvestment of all distributions in additional shares of the fund at net asset value. The fund, Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services may modify or cease offering these plans at any time.

Systematic Withdrawal Plan ("SWP"). An investor who owns or buys shares of the fund valued at $5,000 or more at the current public offering price may open a SWP plan and have a designated sum of money ($50 or more) paid monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually to the investor or another person. (Payments from the fund can be combined with payments from other Putnam funds into a single check through a designated payment plan.) Shares are deposited in a plan account, and all distributions are reinvested in additional shares of the fund at net asset value (except where the plan is utilized in connection with a charitable remainder trust). Shares in a plan account are then redeemed at net asset value to make each withdrawal payment. Payment will be made to any person the investor designates; however, if shares are registered in the name of a trustee or other fiduciary, payment will be made only to the fiduciary, except in the case of a profit-sharing or pension plan where payment will be made to a designee. As withdrawal payments may include a return of principal,

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they cannot be considered a guaranteed annuity or actual yield of income to the investor. The redemption of shares in connection with a plan generally will result in a gain or loss for tax purposes. Some or all of the losses realized upon redemption may be disallowed pursuant to the so-called wash sale rules if shares of the same fund from which shares were redeemed are purchased (including through the reinvestment of fund distributions) within a period beginning 30 days before, and ending 30 days after, such redemption. In such a case, the basis of the replacement shares will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss. Continued withdrawals in excess of income will reduce and possibly exhaust invested principal, especially in the event of a market decline. The cost of administering these plans for the benefit of those shareholders participating in them is borne by the fund as an expense of all shareholders. The fund, Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services may terminate or change the terms of the plan at any time. A plan will be terminated if communications mailed to the shareholder are returned as undeliverable.

Investors should consider carefully with their own financial advisers whether the plan and the specified amounts to be withdrawn are appropriate in their circumstances. The fund and Putnam Investor Services make no recommendations or representations in this regard.

Tax-favored plans. (Not offered by funds investing primarily in tax-exempt securities.) Investors may purchase shares of the fund through the following Tax Qualified Retirement Plans, available to qualified individuals or organizations:

Standard and variable profit-sharing (including 401(k)) and money purchase pension plans; and Individual Retirement Account Plans (IRAs), including simple IRAs, Roth IRAs, SEP IRAs; and Coverdell Education savings plans.

Forms and further information on these Plans are available from investment dealers or from Putnam Retail Management. In addition, specialized professional plan administration services are available on an optional basis; contact Putnam Investor Services at 1-866-207-7261.

Consultation with a competent financial and tax adviser regarding these Plans and consideration of the suitability of fund shares as an investment under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or otherwise, is recommended.

Automatic Rebalancing Arrangements. Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services may enter into arrangements with certain dealers which provide for automatic periodic rebalancing of shareholders’ accounts in Putnam funds. For more information about these arrangements, please contact Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services.

SIGNATURE GUARANTEES

Requests to redeem shares having a net asset value of $100,000 or more, or to transfer shares or make redemption proceeds payable to anyone other than the registered account owners, must be signed by all registered owners or their legal representatives and must be guaranteed by a bank, broker/dealer, municipal securities dealer or broker, credit union, national securities exchange, registered securities association, clearing agency, savings association or trust company, provided such institution is authorized and acceptable under and conforms with Putnam Investor Services’ signature guarantee procedures. A copy of such procedures is available upon request. In certain situations, for example, if you want your redemption proceeds sent to an address other than your address as it appears on Putnam’s records, you may also need to provide a signature guarantee. Putnam Investor Services usually requires additional documentation for the sale of shares by a corporation, partnership, agent or fiduciary, or a surviving joint owner. Contact Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581 for more information on Putnam’s signature guarantee and documentation requirements.

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REDEMPTIONS

Suspension of redemptions. The fund may not suspend shareholders’ right of redemption, or postpone payment for more than seven days, unless the Exchange is closed for other than customary weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the rules of the SEC during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted or during any emergency which makes it impracticable for the fund to dispose of its securities or to determine fairly the value of its net assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the Commission for protection of investors.

In-kind redemptions. With the consent of a redeeming shareholder (or, with respect to certain funds as indicated in the prospectus, in Putnam’s discretion), the fund will consider satisfying all or a portion of a redemption request by distributing securities or other property in lieu of cash (“in-kind” redemptions). Any transaction costs or other expenses involved in liquidating securities received in an in-kind redemption will be borne by the redeeming investor. For information regarding procedures for in-kind redemptions, please contact Putnam Retail Management.

SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY

Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of the fund. However, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the fund and requires that notice of such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation, or instrument entered into or executed by the fund or the Trustees. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of fund property for all loss and expense of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the fund. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the fund would be unable to meet its obligations. The likelihood of such circumstances appears to be remote.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO INFORMATION

The Trustees of the Putnam funds have adopted policies with respect to the disclosure of the fund’s portfolio holdings by the fund, Putnam Management, or their affiliates. These policies provide that information about the fund’s portfolio generally may not be released to any party prior to (i) the day after the posting of such information on the Putnam Investments Web site, (ii) the filing of the information with the SEC in a required filing, or (iii) the dissemination of such information to all shareholders simultaneously. Certain limited exceptions pursuant to the fund’s policies are described below. The Trustees will periodically receive reports from the fund’s Chief Compliance Officer regarding the operation of these policies and procedures, including any arrangements to make non-public disclosures of the fund’s portfolio information to third parties. Putnam Management and its affiliates are not permitted to receive compensation or other consideration in connection with disclosing information about the fund’s portfolio holdings to third parties.

Public Disclosures

The fund’s portfolio holdings are currently disclosed to the public through filings with the SEC and postings on the Putnam Investments website. The fund files its portfolio holdings with the SEC for each fiscal quarter on Form N-CSR (with respect to each annual period and semi-annual period) and Form N-Q (with respect to the first and third quarters of the fund’s fiscal year). In addition, money market funds file monthly reports of portfolio holdings on form N-MFP (with respect to the prior month). Shareholders may obtain the Form N-CSR, N-MFP and N-Q filings on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, Form N-CSR and N-Q filings may be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. Form N-CSR and N-Q filings are available upon filing and form N-MFP filings are available 60 days after each calendar month end. You may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information about the SEC’s website or the operation of the public reference room.

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For Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, the following information is publicly available on the Putnam Investments website, Putnam.com/individual, as disclosed in the following table. This information will remain available on the website for six months thereafter, after which the information can be found on the SEC’s website.

Information  Frequency of Disclosure  Date of Web Posting 

Full Portfolio Holdings  Monthly  5 business days after the end of 
    each month. 

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For Putnam Short Duration Income Fund, Putnam Management makes the fund’s portfolio information publicly available on the Putnam Investments website, www.putnam.com/individual, as disclosed in the following table.

Information  Frequency of Disclosure  Date of Web Posting 

Full Portfolio Holdings  Monthly  On or after 5 business days after  
    the end of each month. 

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For all other funds, Putnam Management also currently makes the fund’s portfolio information publicly available on the Putnam Investments website, www.putnam.com/individual, as disclosed in the following table.

 

Information(1)  Frequency of Disclosure  Date of Web Posting 

Full Portfolio Holdings  Quarterly  Last business day of the month 
    following the end of each 
    calendar quarter 

Top 10 Portfolio Holdings and  Monthly  Approximately 15 days after the 
other portfolio statistics    end of each month 

 

(1) Putnam mutual funds that are not currently offered to the general public (“incubated” funds) do not post portfolio holdings on the Web, except to the extent required by applicable regulations. Full portfolio holdings for the Putnam RetirementReady® Funds and Putnam Global Sector Fund, which invest solely in other Putnam funds, are posted on www.putnam.com/individual approximately 15 days after the end of each month. Please see these funds’ prospectuses for their target allocations.

The scope of the information relating to the fund’s portfolio that is made available on the website may change from time to time without notice. In addition, the posting of fund holdings may be delayed in some instances for technical reasons.

Putnam Management or its affiliates may include fund portfolio information that has already been made public through a Web posting or SEC filing in marketing literature and other communications to shareholders, advisors or other parties, provided that, in the case of information made public through the Web, the information is disclosed no earlier than the day after the date of posting to the website.

Other Disclosures

In order to address potential conflicts between the interest of fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of Putnam Management, Putnam Retail Management or any affiliated person of those entities or of the fund, on the other hand, the fund’s policies require that non-public disclosures of information regarding the fund’s portfolio may be made only if there is a legitimate business purpose consistent with fiduciary duties to all shareholders of the fund. In addition, the party receiving the non-public information must sign a non-disclosure agreement unless otherwise approved by the Chief Compliance Officer of the fund. Arrangements to make non-public disclosures of the fund’s portfolio information must be approved by the Chief Compliance Officer of the fund. The Chief Compliance Officer will report on an ongoing basis to a committee of the fund’s Board of Trustees consisting only of Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the fund or Putnam Management regarding any such arrangement that the fund may enter into with third parties other than service providers to the fund.

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The fund periodically discloses its portfolio information on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information in order to assist the fund with its day-to-day business affairs. In addition to Putnam Management and its affiliates, including PFTC and PRM, these service providers include the fund’s custodian (State Street Bank and Trust Company) and any sub-custodians, pricing services, independent registered public accounting firm, legal counsel (Ropes & Gray LLP), financial printer (McMunn Associates, Inc.), and proxy voting service (Glass, Lewis & Co). These service providers are required to keep such information confidential, and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the fund.

The fund may also periodically provide non-public information about its portfolio holdings to rating and ranking organizations, such as Lipper Inc. and Morningstar Inc., in connection with those firms’ research on and classification of the fund and in order to gather information about how the fund’s attributes (such as volatility, turnover, and expenses) compare with those of peer funds. The fund may also periodically provide non-public information about its portfolio holdings to consultants that provide portfolio analysis services or other investment research. Any such rating, ranking, or consulting firm would be required to keep the fund’s portfolio information confidential and would be prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the fund.

PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES

The Trustees of the Putnam funds have established proxy voting guidelines and procedures that govern the voting of proxies for the securities held in the funds’ portfolios. The proxy voting guidelines summarize the funds’ positions on various issues of concern to investors, and provide direction to the proxy voting service used by the funds as to how fund portfolio securities should be voted on proposals dealing with particular issues. The proxy voting procedures explain the role of the Trustees, Putnam Management, the proxy voting service and the funds’ proxy manager in the proxy voting process, describe the procedures for referring matters involving investment considerations to the investment personnel of Putnam Management and describe the procedures for handling potential conflicts of interest. The Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures are included in this SAI as Appendix A. Information regarding how the funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30, 2011 is available on the Putnam Individual Investor website, www.putnam.com/individual, and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. If you have questions about finding forms on the SEC’s Web site, you may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain the Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures by calling Putnam’s Shareholder Services at 1-800-225-1581.

SECURITIES RATINGS

The ratings of securities in which the fund may invest will be measured at the time of purchase and, to the extent a security is assigned a different rating by one or more of the various rating agencies, Putnam Management may use the highest rating assigned by any agency. Putnam Management will not necessarily sell an investment if its rating is reduced. The following rating services describe rated securities as follows:

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.

Bonds

Aaa - Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edged.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

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Aa - Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities.

A - Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa - Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba - Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate, and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

B - Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa - Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

Ca - Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C - Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

Notes

MIG 1/VMIG 1 -- This designation denotes best quality. There is present strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG 2/VMIG 2 -- This designation denotes high quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

Commercial paper

Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by the following characteristics:

-- Leading market positions in well established industries.

-- High rates of return on funds employed.

-- Conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection.

-- Broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation.

-- Well established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

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Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

Standard & Poor’s

Bonds

AAA - An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

AA - An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only in small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

A - An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

BBB - An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

BB - An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B - An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligations. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CCC - An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CC - An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.

C - The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, or similar action has been taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued.

D - An obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless

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Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition, or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

Notes

SP-1 -- Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics are given a plus (+) designation.

SP-2 -- Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.

SP-3 -- Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

Commercial paper

A-1 - This highest category indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus sign (+) designation.

A-2 - Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated ‘A-1’.

A-3 - Issues carrying this designation have adequate capacity for timely payment. They are, however, more vulnerable to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.

Fitch Investors Service, Inc.

AAA - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.

AA - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated AAA.

A - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.

BBB - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more likely to have adverse impact on these bonds, and therefore impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for bonds with higher ratings.

BB - Bonds considered to be speculative. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified which could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.

B - Bonds are considered highly speculative. Bonds in this class are lightly protected as to the obligor’s ability to pay interest over the life of the issue and repay principal when due.

CCC - Bonds have certain characteristics which, with passing of time, could lead to the possibility of default on either principal or interest payments.

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CC - Bonds are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or principal seems probable.

C - Bonds are in actual or imminent default in payment of interest or principal.

DDD - Bonds are in default and in arrears in interest and/or principal payments. Such bonds are extremely speculative and should be valued only on the basis of their value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor.

CLAIMS-PAYING ABILITY RATINGS

The fund may invest in securities insured at the time of purchase as to the payment of principal and interest in the event of default. The fund may buy investments insured by (or insurance from) insurance companies whose claims-paying ability is rated by rating agencies.

An insurance claims-paying ability rating does not constitute an opinion on any specific contract. Furthermore, an insurance claims-paying ability rating does not take in account deductibles, surrender or cancellation penalties or the timeliness of payment; nor does it address the ability of a company to meet non-policy obligations (i.e., debt contracts).

The assignment of ratings to debt issues that are fully or partially supported by insurance policies, contracts, or guarantees is a separate process from the determination of claims-paying ability ratings. The likelihood of a timely flow of funds from the insurer to the trustee for the bondholders is a key element in the rating determination of such debt issues.

Listed below are rating agencies and their corresponding claims-paying ability ratings.

Standard & Poor’s Insurance Claims-Paying Ability Ratings

An S&P insurance claims-paying ability rating is an assessment of an operating insurance company’s financial capacity to meet its obligations under an insurance policy in accordance with its terms. For example, an insurer with an insurance claims-paying ability rating of AAA by S&P has the highest rating assigned by S&P, which means its capacity to honor insurance contracts is deemed by S&P to be extremely strong and highly likely to remain so over a long period of time.

Secure claims-paying ability – AAA to BBB

Vulnerable claims-paying ability – BB to CCC

AAA - Superior financial security on an absolute and relative basis. Capacity to meet policyholder obligations is overwhelming under a variety of economic and underwriting conditions.

AA - Excellent financial security. Capacity to meet policyholder obligations is strong under a variety of economic and underwriting conditions.

A - Good financial security, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations is somewhat susceptible to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

BBB - Adequate financial security, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations is susceptible to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

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BB - Financial security may be adequate, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations, particularly with respect to long-term or "long-tail" policies, is vulnerable to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

B - Vulnerable financial security. Currently able to meet policyholder obligations, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations is particularly vulnerable to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

CCC, CC, C - Extremely vulnerable financial security. Continued capacity to meet policyholder obligations is highly questionable unless favorable economic and underwriting conditions prevail.

R Regulatory action -- As of the date indicated, the insurer is under supervision of insurance regulators following rehabilitation, receivership, liquidation, or any other action that reflects regulatory concern about the insurer's financial condition. Information on this status is provided by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and other regulatory bodies. Although believed to be accurate, this information is not guaranteed. The 'R' rating does not apply to insurers subject only to non-financial actions such as market conduct violations.

Notes:

NR = Not Rated. The insurer is not rated by Standard & Poor's. The issue has not yet been evaluated by the respective credit rating agency. It is no indication as to the merits of the issue.

Plus (+) or minus (-): The ratings from 'AA' to 'B' may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. Insurance Claims-Paying Ability Ratings

A Moody’s insurance claims-paying ability rating is an opinion by Moody’s about the ability of an insurance company to repay punctually senior policyholder obligations and claims. For example, an insurer with an insurance claims-paying ability rating of Aaa by Moody’s is deemed by Moody’s to be of the best quality. In the opinion of Moody’s, the policy obligations of an insurance company with an insurance claims-paying ability rating of Aaa carries the smallest degree of credit risk and, while the financial strength of these companies is likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the company’s fundamentally strong position.

Moody’s claims-paying ability ratings are as follows:

Long-Term Insurance Financial Strength Ratings

Moody's rating symbols for Insurance Financial Strength Ratings are identical to those used to indicate the credit quality of long-term obligations. These rating gradations provide investors with a system for measuring an insurance company's ability to meet its senior policyholder claims and obligations.

Aaa - Insurance companies rated Aaa offer exceptional financial security. While the credit profile of these companies is likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair their fundamentally strong position.

Aa - Insurance companies rated Aa offer excellent financial security. Together with the Aaa group, they constitute what are generally known as high-grade companies. They are rated lower than Aaa companies because long-term risks appear somewhat larger.

A - Insurance companies rated A offer good financial security. However, elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa - Insurance companies rated Baa offer adequate financial security. However, certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time.

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Ba - Insurance companies rated Ba offer questionable financial security. Often the ability of these companies to meet policyholder obligations may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded in the future.

B - Insurance companies rated B offer poor financial security. Assurance of punctual payment of policyholder obligations over any long period of time is small.

Caa - Insurance companies rated Caa offer very poor financial security. They may be in default on their policyholder obligations or there may be present elements of danger with respect to punctual payment of policyholder obligations and claims.

Ca - Insurance companies rated Ca offer extremely poor financial security. Such companies are often in default on their policyholder obligations or have other marked shortcomings.

C - Insurance companies rated C are the lowest-rated class of insurance company and can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever offering financial security.

Note: Moody's appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. Numeric modifiers are used to refer to the ranking within a group with 1 being the highest and 3 being the lowest. However, the financial strength of companies within a generic rating symbol (Aa, for example) is broadly the same.

Fitch IBCA / International Insurance Claims-Paying Ability Ratings

Fitch IBCA credit ratings are an opinion on the ability of an entity or of a securities issue to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, or repayment of principal, on a timely basis. Fitch IBCA credit ratings apply to a variety of entities and issues, including but not limited to sovereigns, governments, structured financings, and corporations; debt, preferred/preference stock, bank loans, and counterparties; as well as the claims-paying ability of insurance companies and financial guarantors.

AAA - Exceptionally strong claims-paying ability. Insurers assigned this highest rating have an exceptionally strong capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The impact of any adverse business and economic factors on the claims-paying ability of these insurers is expected to be minimal.

AA - Very strong claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘AA’ have a very strong capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The impact of any adverse business and economic factors on the claims-paying ability of these insurers is expected to be very small.

A - Strong claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘A’ have a strong capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. Although adverse business and economic factors may have an impact on the claims-paying ability of these insurers, the effect of such factors is expected to be small.

BBB - Good claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘BBB’ have a good capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. However, their claims-paying ability may be more susceptible than that of higher rated insurers to the impact of adverse business and economic factors.

BB - Speculative claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘BB’ have a capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits which is regarded as speculative. The impact of adverse business and economic factors on their claims-paying ability is considered likely to be more problematic than in the case of higher rated insurers.

B - Vulnerable claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘B’ have a vulnerable capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The impact of adverse business and economic factors on their claims-paying ability is considered likely to be significant.

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CCC, CC, C - Highly vulnerable claims-paying ability. Insurance companies assigned one of these ratings are considered very weak with respect to their capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The insurer may be under the supervision of an insurance regulator and already may not be making all payments in a timely fashion.

D - Insurers which have been placed in liquidation by insurance regulators and for which policy or claims payments are being controlled, delayed, or reduced.

Notes:

"+" or "-" may be appended to a rating to indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating category. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ and ‘D’ categories.

IQ ratings - Fitch IBCA Qualified: Provided for issuers based solely on information in the public domain. These ratings include significant analytical input. Because of the reduced information presented in this process, compared with the full claims-paying ability rating approach, these ratings tend to be conservative and do not employ "+" or "-" qualifiers.

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Appendix A

Proxy voting guidelines of the Putnam funds 

 

The proxy voting guidelines below summarize the funds’ positions on various issues of concern to investors, and give a general indication of how fund portfolio securities will be voted on proposals dealing with particular issues. The funds’ proxy voting service is instructed to vote all proxies relating to fund portfolio securities in accordance with these guidelines, except as otherwise instructed by the Proxy Manager, a member of the Office of the Trustees who is appointed to assist in the coordination and voting of the funds’ proxies.

The proxy voting guidelines are just that – guidelines. The guidelines are not exhaustive and do not address all potential voting issues. Because the circumstances of individual companies are so varied, there may be instances when the funds do not vote in strict adherence to these guidelines. For example, the proxy voting service is expected to bring to the Proxy Manager’s attention proxy questions that are company-specific and of a non-routine nature and that, even if covered by the guidelines, may be more appropriately handled on a case-by-case basis.

Similarly, Putnam Management’s investment professionals, as part of their ongoing review and analysis of all fund portfolio holdings, are responsible for monitoring significant corporate developments, including proxy proposals submitted to shareholders, and notifying the Proxy Manager of circumstances where the interests of fund shareholders may warrant a vote contrary to these guidelines. In such instances, the investment professionals submit a written recommendation to the Proxy Manager and the person or persons designated by Putnam Management’s Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing referral items under the funds’ “Proxy Voting Procedures.” The Proxy Manager, in consultation with the funds’ Senior Vice President, Executive Vice President, and/or the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, as appropriate, will determine how the funds’ proxies will be voted. When indicated, the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee may consult with other members of the Committee or the full Board of Trustees.

The following guidelines are grouped according to the types of proposals generally presented to shareholders. Part I deals with proposals submitted by management and approved and recommended by a company’s board of directors. Part II deals with proposals submitted by shareholders. Part III addresses unique considerations pertaining to non-U.S. issuers.

The Trustees of the Putnam funds are committed to promoting strong corporate governance practices and encouraging corporate actions that enhance shareholder value through the judicious voting of the funds’ proxies. It is the funds’ policy to vote their proxies at all shareholder meetings where it is practicable to do so. In furtherance of this, the funds’ have requested that their securities lending agent recall each domestic issuer’s voting securities that are on loan, in advance of the record date for the issuer’s shareholder meetings, so that the funds may vote at the meetings.

The Putnam funds will disclose their proxy votes not later than August 31 of each year for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, in accordance with the timetable established by SEC rules.

I. BOARD-APPROVED PROPOSALS

The vast majority of matters presented to shareholders for a vote involve proposals made by a company itself (sometimes referred to as “management proposals”), which have been approved and recommended by its board of directors. In view of the enhanced corporate governance practices currently being implemented in public companies and of the funds’ intent to hold corporate boards accountable for their actions in promoting shareholder interests, the funds’ proxies generally will be voted for the decisions reached by majority independent boards of directors, except as otherwise indicated in these guidelines. Accordingly, the funds’ proxies will be voted for board-approved proposals, except as follows:

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Matters relating to the Board of Directors

Uncontested Election of Directors

The funds’ proxies will be voted for the election of a company’s nominees for the board of directors, except as follows:

The funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have a majority of independent directors,

the board has not established independent nominating, audit, and compensation committees,

the board has more than 19 members or fewer than five members, absent special circumstances,

the board has not acted to implement a policy requested in a shareholder proposal that received the support of a majority of the shares of the company cast at its previous two annual meetings, or

the board has adopted or renewed a shareholder rights plan (commonly referred to as a “poison pill”) without shareholder approval during the current or prior calendar year.

The funds will on a case-by-case basis withhold votes from the entire board of directors, or from particular directors as may be appropriate, if the board has approved compensation arrangements for one or more company executives that the funds determine are unreasonably excessive relative to the company’s performance or has otherwise failed to observe good corporate governance practices.

The funds will withhold votes from any nominee for director:

who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation within the last three years from the company other than for service as a director (e.g., investment banking, consulting, legal, or financial advisory fees),

who attends less than 75% of board and committee meetings without valid reasons for the absences (e.g., illness, personal emergency, etc.),

of a public company (Company A) who is employed as a senior executive of another company (Company B), if a director of Company B serves as a senior executive of Company A (commonly referred to as an “interlocking directorate”), or

who serves on more than five unaffiliated public company boards (for the purpose of this guideline, boards of affiliated registered investment companies will count as one board).

Commentary:

Board independence: Unless otherwise indicated, for the purposes of determining whether a board has a majority of independent directors and independent nominating, audit, and compensation committees, an “independent director” is a director who (1) meets all requirements to serve as an independent director of a company under the NYSE Corporate Governance Rules (e.g., no material business relationships with the company and no present or recent employment relationship with the company including employment of an immediate family member as an executive officer), and (2) has not within the last three years accepted directly or indirectly any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the company other than in his or her capacity as a member of the board of directors or any board committee. The funds’ Trustees believe that the recent (i.e., within the last three years) receipt of any amount of compensation for services other than service as a director raises significant independence issues.

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Board size: The funds’ Trustees believe that the size of the board of directors can have a direct impact on the ability of the board to govern effectively. Boards that have too many members can be unwieldy and ultimately inhibit their ability to oversee management performance. Boards that have too few members can stifle innovation and lead to excessive influence by management.

Time commitment: Being a director of a company requires a significant time commitment to adequately prepare for and attend the company’s board and committee meetings. Directors must be able to commit the time and attention necessary to perform their fiduciary duties in proper fashion, particularly in times of crisis. The funds’ Trustees are concerned about over-committed directors. In some cases, directors may serve on too many boards to make a meaningful contribution. This may be particularly true for senior executives of public companies (or other directors with substantially full-time employment) who serve on more than a few outside boards. The funds may withhold votes from such directors on a case-by-case basis where it appears that they may be unable to discharge their duties properly because of excessive commitments.

Interlocking directorships: The funds’ Trustees believe that interlocking directorships are inconsistent with the degree of independence required for outside directors of public companies.

Corporate governance practices: Board independence depends not only on its members’ individual relationships, but also on the board’s overall attitude toward management. Independent boards are committed to good corporate governance practices and, by providing objective independent judgment, enhancing shareholder value. The funds may withhold votes on a case-by-case basis from some or all directors who, through their lack of independence or otherwise, have failed to observe good corporate governance practices or, through specific corporate action, have demonstrated a disregard for the interests of shareholders. Such instances may include cases where a board of directors has approved compensation arrangements for one or more members of management that, in the judgment of the funds’ Trustees, are excessive by reasonable corporate standards relative to the company’s record of performance.

Contested Elections of Directors

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis in contested elections of directors.

Classified Boards

The funds will vote against proposals to classify a board, absent special circumstances indicating that shareholder interests would be better served by this structure.

Commentary: Under a typical classified board structure, the directors are divided into three classes, with each class serving a three-year term. The classified board structure results in directors serving staggered terms, with usually only a third of the directors up for re-election at any given annual meeting. The funds’ Trustees generally believe that it is appropriate for directors to stand for election each year, but recognize that, in special circumstances, shareholder interests may be better served under a classified board structure.

Other Board-Related Proposals

The funds will generally vote for proposals that have been approved by a majority independent board, and on a case-by-case basis on proposals that have been approved by a board that fails to meet the guidelines’ basic independence standards (i.e., majority of independent directors and independent nominating, audit, and compensation committees).

Executive Compensation

The funds generally favor compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long-term performance. The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals relating to executive compensation, except as follows:

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Except where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, the funds will vote for stock option and restricted stock plans that will result in an average annual dilution of 1.67% or less (based on the disclosed term of the plan and including all equity-based plans).

The funds will vote against stock option and restricted stock plans that will result in an average annual dilution of greater than 1.67% (based on the disclosed term of the plan and including all equity-based plans).

The funds will vote against any stock option or restricted stock plan where the company’s actual grants of stock options and restricted stock under all equity-based compensation plans during the prior three (3) fiscal years have resulted in an average annual dilution of greater than 1.67%.

The funds will vote against stock option plans that permit the replacing or repricing of underwater options (and against any proposal to authorize a replacement or repricing of underwater options).

The funds will vote against stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price.

Except where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, the funds will vote for an employee stock purchase plan that has the following features: (1) the shares purchased under the plan are acquired for no less than 85% of their market value; (2) the offering period under the plan is 27 months or less; and (3) dilution is 10% or less.

The funds will vote for proposals to approve a company’s executive compensation program (i.e., “say on pay” proposals in which the company’s board proposes that shareholders indicate their support for the company’s compensation philosophy, policies, and practices), except that the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis if the company is assigned to the lowest category, through independent third party benchmarking performed by the funds’ proxy voting service, for the correlation of the company’s executive compensation program with its performance.

The funds will vote for bonus plans under which payments are treated as performance-based compensation that is deductible under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, except that the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis if any of the following circumstances exist:

the award pool or amount per employee under the plan is unlimited, or

the plan’s performance criteria is undisclosed, or

the company is assigned to the lowest category, through independent third party benchmarking performed by the funds’ proxy voting service, for the correlation of the company’s executive compensation program with its performance.

Commentary: Companies should have compensation programs that are reasonable and that align shareholder and management interests over the longer term. Further, disclosure of compensation programs should provide absolute transparency to shareholders regarding the sources and amounts of, and the factors influencing, executive compensation. Appropriately designed equity-based compensation plans can be an effective way to align the interests of long-term shareholders with the interests of management. However, the funds may vote against these or other executive compensation proposals on a case-by-case basis where compensation is excessive by reasonable corporate standards, where a company fails to provide transparent disclosure of executive compensation, or, in some instances, where independent third-party benchmarking indicates that compensation is inadequately correlated with performance, relative to peer companies. (Examples of excessive executive compensation may include, but are not limited to, equity incentive plans that exceed the dilution criteria noted above, excessive perquisites, performance-based compensation programs that do not properly correlate reward and performance, “golden parachutes” or other severance arrangements that present conflicts between management’s interests and the interests of shareholders, and

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“golden coffins” or unearned death benefits.) In voting on a proposal relating to executive compensation, the funds will consider whether the proposal has been approved by an independent compensation committee of the board.

Capitalization

Many proxy proposals involve changes in a company’s capitalization, including the authorization of additional stock, the issuance of stock, the repurchase of outstanding stock, or the approval of a stock split. The management of a company’s capital structure involves a number of important issues, including cash flow, financing needs, and market conditions that are unique to the circumstances of the company. As a result, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals involving changes to a company’s capitalization, except that where the funds are not otherwise withholding votes from the entire board of directors:

The funds will vote for proposals relating to the authorization and issuance of additional common stock (except where such proposals relate to a specific transaction).

The funds will vote for proposals to effect stock splits (excluding reverse stock splits).

The funds will vote for proposals authorizing share repurchase programs.

Commentary: A company may decide to authorize additional shares of common stock for reasons relating to executive compensation or for routine business purposes. For the most part, these decisions are best left to the board of directors and senior management. The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis, however, on other proposals to change a company’s capitalization, including the authorization of common stock with special voting rights, the authorization or issuance of common stock in connection with a specific transaction (e.g., an acquisition, merger or reorganization), or the authorization or issuance of preferred stock. Actions such as these involve a number of considerations that may affect a shareholder’s investment and that warrant a case-by-case determination.

Acquisitions, Mergers, Reincorporations, Reorganizations and Other Transactions

Shareholders may be confronted with a number of different types of transactions, including acquisitions, mergers, reorganizations involving business combinations, liquidations, and the sale of all or substantially all of a company’s assets, which may require their consent. Voting on such proposals involves considerations unique to each transaction. As a result, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals to effect these types of transactions, except as follows:

The funds will vote for mergers and reorganizations involving business combinations designed solely to reincorporate a company in Delaware.

Commentary: A company may reincorporate into another state through a merger or reorganization by setting up a “shell” company in a different state and then merging the company into the new company. While reincorporation into states with extensive and established corporate laws – notably Delaware – provides companies and shareholders with a more well-defined legal framework, shareholders must carefully consider the reasons for a reincorporation into another jurisdiction, including especially an offshore jurisdiction.

Anti-Takeover Measures

Some proxy proposals involve efforts by management to make it more difficult for an outside party to take control of the company without the approval of the company’s board of directors. These include the adoption of a shareholder rights plan, requiring supermajority voting on particular issues, the adoption of fair price provisions, the issuance of blank check preferred stock, and the creation of a separate class of stock with disparate voting rights. Such proposals may adversely affect shareholder rights, lead to management entrenchment, or create conflicts of interest. As a result, the funds will vote against board-approved proposals to adopt such anti-takeover measures, except as follows:

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The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify or approve shareholder rights plans; and

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to adopt fair price provisions.

Commentary: The funds’ Trustees recognize that poison pills and fair price provisions may enhance or protect shareholder value under certain circumstances. For instance, where a company has incurred significant operating losses, a shareholder rights plan may be appropriately tailored to protect shareholder value by preserving a company’s net operating losses. Thus, the funds will consider proposals to approve such matters on a case-by-case basis.

Other Business Matters

Many proxies involve approval of routine business matters, such as changing a company’s name, ratifying the appointment of auditors, and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting. For the most part, these routine matters do not materially affect shareholder interests and are best left to the board of directors and senior management of the company. The funds will vote for board-approved proposals approving such matters, except as follows:

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to amend a company’s charter or bylaws (except for charter amendments necessary to effect stock splits, to change a company’s name or to authorize additional shares of common stock).

The funds will vote against authorization to transact other unidentified, substantive business at the meeting.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify the selection of independent auditors if there is evidence that the audit firm’s independence or the integrity of an audit is compromised.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on other business matters where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

Commentary: Charter and bylaw amendments and the transaction of other unidentified, substantive business at a shareholder meeting may directly affect shareholder rights and have a significant impact on shareholder value. As a result, the funds do not view these items as routine business matters. Putnam Management’s investment professionals and the funds’ proxy voting service may also bring to the Proxy Manager’s attention company-specific items that they believe to be non-routine and warranting special consideration. Under these circumstances, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis.

The fund’s proxy voting service may identify circumstances that call into question an audit firm’s independence or the integrity of an audit. These circumstances may include recent material restatements of financials, unusual audit fees, egregious contractual relationships, and aggressive accounting policies. The funds will consider proposals to ratify the selection of auditors in these circumstances on a case-by-case basis. In all other cases, given the existence of rules that enhance the independence of audit committees and auditors by, for example, prohibiting auditors from performing a range of non-audit services for audit clients, the funds will vote for the ratification of independent auditors.

II. SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

SEC regulations permit shareholders to submit proposals for inclusion in a company’s proxy statement. These proposals generally seek to change some aspect of the company’s corporate governance structure or to change some aspect of its business operations. The funds generally will vote in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on all shareholder proposals, except as follows:

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The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by someone other than the chief executive officer.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals asking that director nominees receive support from holders of a majority of votes cast or a majority of shares outstanding in order to be (re)elected.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals to declassify a board, absent special circumstances which would indicate that shareholder interests are better served by a classified board structure.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals to eliminate supermajority vote requirements in the company’s charter documents.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals requiring companies to make cash payments under management severance agreements only if both of the following conditions are met:

the company undergoes a change in control, and

the change in control results in the termination of employment for the person receiving the severance payment.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals requiring companies to accelerate vesting of equity awards under management severance agreements only if both of the following conditions are met:

the company undergoes a change in control, and

the change in control results in the termination of employment for the person receiving the severance payment.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals to limit a company’s ability to make excise tax gross-up payments under management severance agreements.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals requesting that the board adopt a policy to recoup, in the event of a significant restatement of financial results or significant extraordinary write-off, to the fullest extent practicable, for the benefit of the company, all performance-based bonuses or awards that were paid to senior executives based on the company having met or exceeded specific performance targets to the extent that the specific performance targets were not, in fact, met.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals calling for the company to obtain shareholder approval for any future golden coffins or unearned death benefits (payments or awards of unearned salary or bonus, accelerated vesting or the continuation of unvested equity awards, perquisites or other payments or awards in respect of an executive following his or her death), and for shareholder proposals calling for the company to cease providing golden coffins or unearned death benefits.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals requiring a company to report on its executive retirement benefits (e.g., deferred compensation, split-dollar life insurance, SERPs and pension benefits).

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals requiring a company to disclose its relationships with executive compensation consultants (e.g., whether the company, the board or the compensation committee retained the consultant, the types of services provided by the consultant over the past five years, and a list of the consultant’s clients on which any of the company’s executives serve as a director).

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The funds will vote for shareholder proposals that are consistent with the funds’ proxy voting guidelines for board-approved proposals.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on other shareholder proposals where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

Commentary: In light of the substantial reforms in corporate governance that are currently underway, the funds’ Trustees believe that effective corporate reforms should be promoted by holding boards of directors – and in particular their independent directors – accountable for their actions, rather than by imposing additional legal restrictions on board governance through piecemeal proposals. Generally speaking, shareholder proposals relating to business operations are often motivated primarily by political or social concerns, rather than the interests of shareholders as investors in an economic enterprise. As stated above, the funds’ Trustees believe that boards of directors and management are responsible for ensuring that their businesses are operating in accordance with high legal and ethical standards and should be held accountable for resulting corporate behavior. Accordingly, the funds will generally support the recommendations of boards that meet the basic independence and governance standards established in these guidelines. Where boards fail to meet these standards, the funds will generally evaluate shareholder proposals on a case-by-case basis. The funds will also consider proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by someone other than the company’s chief executive officer on a case-by-case basis, recognizing that in some cases this separation may advance the company’s corporate governance while in other cases it may be less necessary to the sound governance of the company. The funds will take into account the level of independent leadership on a company’s board in evaluating these proposals.

However, the funds generally support shareholder proposals to implement majority voting for directors, observing that majority voting is an emerging standard intended to encourage directors to be attentive to shareholders’ interests. The funds also generally support shareholder proposals to declassify a board, to eliminate supermajority vote requirements, or to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans. The funds’ Trustees believe that these shareholder proposals further the goals of reducing management entrenchment and conflicts of interest, and aligning management’s interests with shareholders’ interests in evaluating proposed acquisitions of the company. The Trustees also believe that shareholder proposals to limit severance payments may further these goals in some instances. In general, the funds favor arrangements in which severance payments are made to an executive only when there is a change in control and the executive loses his or her job as a result. Arrangements in which an executive receives a payment upon a change of control even if the executive retains employment introduce potential conflicts of interest and may distract management focus from the long term success of the company.

In evaluating shareholder proposals that address severance payments, the funds distinguish between cash and equity payments. The funds generally do not favor cash payments to executives upon a change in control transaction if the executive retains employment. However, the funds recognize that accelerated vesting of equity incentives, even without termination of employment, may help to align management and shareholder interests in some instances, and will evaluate shareholder proposals addressing accelerated vesting of equity incentive payments on a case-by-case basis.

When severance payments exceed a certain amount based on the executive’s previous compensation, the payments may be subject to an excise tax. Some compensation arrangements provide for full excise tax gross-ups, which means that the company pays the executive sufficient additional amounts to cover the cost of the excise tax. The funds are concerned that the benefits of providing full excise tax gross-ups to executives may be outweighed by the cost to the company of the gross-up payments. Accordingly, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals to curtail excise tax gross-up payments. The funds generally favor arrangements in which severance payments do not trigger an excise tax or in which the company’s obligations with respect to gross-up payments are limited in a reasonable manner.

The funds’ Trustees believe that performance-based compensation can be an effective tool for aligning management and shareholder interests. However, to fulfill its purpose, performance compensation should only be paid to executives if the performance targets are actually met. A significant restatement of financial results or a significant extraordinary write-off may reveal that executives who were previously paid performance compensation did not actually deliver the required business performance to earn that compensation. In these circumstances, it may be appropriate for the company to recoup this performance compensation. The funds will consider on a case-by-case

February 17, 2012  II-107 

 



basis shareholder proposals requesting that the board adopt a policy to recoup, in the event of a significant restatement of financial results or significant extraordinary write-off, performance-based bonuses or awards paid to senior executives based on the company having met or exceeded specific performance targets to the extent that the specific performance targets were not, in fact, met. The funds do not believe that such a policy should necessarily disadvantage a company in recruiting executives, as executives should understand that they are only entitled to performance compensation based on the actual performance they deliver.

The funds’ Trustees disfavor golden coffins or unearned death benefits, and the funds will generally support shareholder proposals to restrict or terminate these practices. The Trustees will also consider whether a company’s overall compensation arrangements, taking all of the pertinent circumstances into account, constitute excessive compensation or otherwise reflect poorly on the corporate governance practices of the company. As the Trustees evaluate these matters, they will be mindful of evolving practices and legislation relevant to executive compensation and corporate governance.

The funds’ Trustees also believe that shareholder proposals that are intended to increase transparency, particularly with respect to executive compensation, without establishing rigid restrictions upon a company’s ability to attract and motivate talented executives, are generally beneficial to sound corporate governance without imposing undue burdens. The funds will generally support shareholder proposals calling for reasonable disclosure.

III. VOTING SHARES OF NON-U.S. ISSUERS

Many of the Putnam funds invest on a global basis, and, as a result, they may hold, and have an opportunity to vote, shares in non-U.S. issuers – i.e., issuers that are incorporated under the laws of foreign jurisdictions and whose shares are not listed on a U.S. securities exchange or the NASDAQ stock market.

In many non-U.S. markets, shareholders who vote proxies of a non-U.S. issuer are not able to trade in that company’s stock on or around the shareholder meeting date. This practice is known as “share blocking.” In countries where share blocking is practiced, the funds will vote proxies only with direction from Putnam Management’s investment professionals.

In addition, some non-U.S. markets require that a company’s shares be re-registered out of the name of the local custodian or nominee into the name of the shareholder for the shareholder to be able to vote at the meeting. This practice is known as “share re-registration.” As a result, shareholders, including the funds, are not able to trade in that company’s stock until the shares are re-registered back in the name of the local custodian or nominee following the meeting. In countries where share re-registration is practiced, the funds will generally not vote proxies.

Protection for shareholders of non-U.S. issuers may vary significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Laws governing non-U.S. issuers may, in some cases, provide substantially less protection for shareholders than do U.S. laws. As a result, the guidelines applicable to U.S. issuers, which are premised on the existence of a sound corporate governance and disclosure framework, may not be appropriate under some circumstances for non-U.S. issuers. However, the funds will vote proxies of non-U.S. issuers in accordance with the guidelines applicable to U.S. issuers, except as follows:

Uncontested Board Elections

Germany

For companies subject to “co-determination,” the funds will vote on a case by- case basis for the election of nominees to the supervisory board.

The funds will withhold votes for the election of a former member of the company’s managerial board to chair of the supervisory board.

February 17, 2012  II-108 

 



Commentary: German corporate governance is characterized by a two-tier board system—a managerial board composed of the company’s executive officers, and a supervisory board. The supervisory board appoints the members of the managerial board. Shareholders elect members of the supervisory board, except that in the case of companies with more than 2,000 employees, company employees are allowed to elect half of the supervisory board members. This “co-determination” practice may increase the chances that the supervisory board of a large German company does not contain a majority of independent members. In this situation, under the Fund’s proxy voting guidelines applicable to U.S. issuers, the funds would vote against all nominees. However, in the case of companies subject to “co-determination,” the Funds will vote for supervisory board members on a case-by-case basis, so that the funds can support independent nominees.

Consistent with the funds’ belief that the interests of shareholders are best protected by boards with strong, independent leadership, the funds will withhold votes for the election of former chairs of the managerial board to chair of the supervisory board.

Japan

For companies that have established a U.S.-style corporate governance structure, the funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have a majority of outside directors,

the board has not established nominating and compensation committees composed of a majority of outside directors, or

the board has not established an audit committee composed of a majority of independent directors.

The funds will withhold votes for the appointment of members of a company’s board of statutory auditors if a majority of the members of the board of statutory auditors is not independent.

Commentary:

Board structure: Recent amendments to the Japanese Commercial Code give companies the option to adopt a U.S.-style corporate governance structure (i.e., a board of directors and audit, nominating, and compensation committees). The funds will vote for proposals to amend a company’s articles of incorporation to adopt the U.S.-style corporate structure.

Definition of outside director and independent director: Corporate governance principles in Japan focus on the distinction between outside directors and independent directors. Under these principles, an outside director is a director who is not and has never been a director, executive, or employee of the company or its parent company, subsidiaries or affiliates. An outside director is “independent” if that person can make decisions completely independent from the managers of the company, its parent, subsidiaries, or affiliates and does not have a material relationship with the company (i.e., major client, trading partner, or other business relationship; familial relationship with current director or executive; etc.). The guidelines have incorporated these definitions in applying the board independence standards above.

Korea

The funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have a majority of outside directors,

the board has not established a nominating committee composed of at least a majority of outside directors, or

February 17, 2012  II-109 

 



the board has not established an audit committee composed of at least three members and in which at least two-thirds of its members are outside directors.

Commentary: For purposes of these guidelines, an “outside director” is a director that is independent from the management or controlling shareholders of the company, and holds no interests that might impair performing his or her duties impartially from the company, management or controlling shareholder. In determining whether a director is an outside director, the funds will also apply the standards included in Article 415-2(2) of the Korean Commercial Code (i.e., no employment relationship with the company for a period of two years before serving on the committee, no director or employment relationship with the company’s largest shareholder, etc.) and may consider other business relationships that would affect the independence of an outside director.

Russia

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis for the election of nominees to the board of directors.

Commentary: In Russia, director elections are typically handled through a cumulative voting process. Cumulative voting allows shareholders to cast all of their votes for a single nominee for the board of directors, or to allocate their votes among nominees in any other way. In contrast, in “regular” voting, shareholders may not give more than one vote per share to any single nominee. Cumulative voting can help to strengthen the ability of minority shareholders to elect a director.

In Russia, as in some other emerging markets, standards of corporate governance are usually behind those in developed markets. Rather than vote against the entire board of directors, as the funds generally would in the case of a company whose board fails to meet the funds’ standards for independence, the funds may, on a case by case basis, cast all of their votes for one or more independent director nominees. The funds believe that it is important to increase the number of independent directors on the boards of Russian companies to mitigate the risks associated with dominant shareholders.

United Kingdom

The funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have at least a majority of independent non-executive directors,

the board has not established a nomination committee composed of a majority of independent non-executive directors, or

the board has not established compensation and audit committees composed of (1) at least three directors (in the case of smaller companies, two directors) and (2) solely independent non-executive directors, provided that, to the extent permitted under the United Kingdom’s Combined Code on Corporate Governance, the company chairman may serve on (but not serve as chairman of) the compensation and audit committees if the chairman was considered independent upon his or her appointment as chairman.

The funds will withhold votes from any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation within the last three years from the company other than for service as a director, such as investment banking, consulting, legal, or financial advisory fees.

The funds will vote for proposals to amend a company’s articles of association to authorize boards to approve situations that might be interpreted to present potential conflicts of interest affecting a director.

Commentary:

Application of guidelines: Although the United Kingdom’s Combined Code on Corporate Governance (“Combined Code”) has adopted the “comply and explain” approach to corporate governance, the funds’ Trustees believe that the guidelines discussed above with respect to board independence standards are integral to the

February 17, 2012  II-110 

 



protection of investors in U.K. companies. As a result, these guidelines will generally be applied in a prescriptive manner.

Definition of independence: For the purposes of these guidelines, a non-executive director shall be considered independent if the director meets the independence standards in section A.3.1 of the Combined Code (i.e., no material business or employment relationships with the company, no remuneration from the company for non-board services, no close family ties with senior employees or directors of the company, etc.), except that the funds do not view service on the board for more than nine years as affecting a director’s independence. Company chairmen in the U.K. are generally considered affiliated upon appointment as chairman due to the nature of the position of chairman. Consistent with the Combined Code, a company chairman who was considered independent upon appointment as chairman: may serve as a member of, but not as the chairman of, the compensation (remuneration) committee; and, in the case of smaller companies, may serve as a member of, but not as the chairman of, the audit committee.

Smaller companies: A smaller company is one that is below the FTSE 350 throughout the year immediately prior to the reporting year.

Conflicts of interest: The Companies Act 2006 requires a director to avoid a situation in which he or she has, or can have, a direct or indirect interest that conflicts, or possibly may conflict, with the interests of the company. This broadly written requirement could be construed to prevent a director from becoming a trustee or director of another organization. Provided there are reasonable safeguards, such as the exclusion of the relevant director from deliberations, the funds believe that the board may approve this type of potential conflict of interest in its discretion.

All other jurisdictions

The funds will vote for supervisory board nominees when the supervisory board meets the funds’ independence standards, otherwise the funds will vote against supervisory board nominees.

Commentary: Companies in many jurisdictions operate under the oversight of supervisory boards. In the absence of jurisdiction-specific guidelines, the funds will generally hold supervisory boards to the same standards of independence as it applies to boards of directors in the United States.

Contested Board Elections

Italy

The funds will vote for the management- or board-sponsored slate of nominees if the board meets the funds’ independence standards, and against the management- or board-sponsored slate of nominees if the board does not meet the funds’ independence standards; the funds will not vote on shareholder-proposed slates of nominees.

Commentary: Contested elections in Italy may involve a variety of competing slates of nominees. In these circumstances, the funds will focus their analysis on the board- or management-sponsored slate.

Corporate Governance

The funds will vote for proposals to change the size of a board if the board meets the funds’ independence standards, and against proposals to change the size of a board if the board does not meet the funds’ independence standards.

February 17, 2012  II-111 

 



The funds will vote for shareholder proposals calling for a majority of a company’s directors to be independent of management.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals seeking to increase the independence of board nominating, audit, and compensation committees.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals that implement corporate governance standards similar to those established under U.S. federal law and the listing requirements of U.S. stock exchanges and that do not otherwise violate the laws of the jurisdiction under which the company is incorporated.

Taiwan

The funds will vote against proposals to release directors from their non-competition obligations (their obligations not to engage in any business that is competitive with the company), unless the proposal is narrowly drafted to permit directors to engage in a business that is competitive with the company only on behalf of a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company.

Compensation

The funds will vote for proposals to approve annual directors’ fees, except that the funds will consider these proposals on a case-by-case basis in each case in which the funds’ proxy voting service has recommended a vote against such a proposal.

The funds will vote for non-binding proposals to approve remuneration reports, except that the funds will vote against proposals to approve remuneration reports that indicate that awards under a long-term incentive plan are not linked to performance targets.

Commentary: Since proposals relating to directors’ fees for non-U.S. issuers generally address relatively modest fees paid to non-executive directors, the funds generally support these proposals, provided that the fees are consistent with directors’ fees paid by the company’s peers and do not otherwise appear unwarranted. Consistent with the approach taken for U.S. issuers, the funds generally favor compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long-term performance and will support non-binding remuneration reports unless such a correlation is not made.

Capitalization

The funds will vote for proposals

to issue additional common stock representing up to 20% of the company’s outstanding common stock, where shareholders do not have preemptive rights, or

to issue additional common stock representing up to 100% of the company’s outstanding common stock, where shareholders do have preemptive rights.

The funds will vote for proposals to authorize share repurchase programs that are recommended for approval by the funds’ proxy voting service; otherwise, the funds will vote against such proposals.

Australia

The funds will vote for proposals to carve out, from the general cap on non-pro rata share issues of 15% of total equity in a rolling 12-month period, a particular proposed issue of shares or a particular issue of shares made previously within the 12-month period, if the company’s board meets the funds’ independence

February 17, 2012  II-112 

 



standards; if the company’s board does not meet the funds’ independence standards, then the funds will vote against these proposals.

Hong Kong

The funds will vote for proposals to approve a general mandate permitting the company to engage in non-pro rata share issues of up to 20% of total equity in a year if the company’s board meets the funds’ independence standards; if the company’s board does not meet the funds’ independence standards, then the funds will vote against these proposals.

Commentary: In light of the prevalence of certain types of capitalization proposals in Australia and Hong Kong, the funds have adopted guidelines specific to those jurisdictions.

Other Business Matters

The funds will vote for proposals permitting companies to deliver reports and other materials electronically (e.g., via website posting).

The funds will vote for proposals permitting companies to issue regulatory reports in English.

The funds will vote against proposals to shorten shareholder meeting notice periods to fourteen days.

Commentary: Under Directive 2007/36/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, companies have the option to request shareholder approval to set the notice period for special meetings at 14 days provided that certain electronic voting and communication requirements are met. The funds believe that the 14 day notice period is too short to provide overseas shareholders with sufficient time to analyze proposals and to participate meaningfully at special meetings and, as a result, have determined to vote against such proposals.

Germany

The funds will vote in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on shareholder countermotions added to a company’s meeting agenda, unless the countermotion is directly addressed by one of the funds’ other guidelines.

Commentary: In Germany, shareholders are able to add both proposals and countermotions to a meeting agenda. Countermotions, which must correspond to a proposal on the agenda, generally call for shareholders to oppose the existing proposal, although they may also propose separate voting decisions. Countermotions may be proposed by any shareholder and they are typically added throughout the period between the publication of the meeting agenda and the meeting date. This guideline reflects the funds’ intention to focus on the original proposal, which is expected to be presented a reasonable period of time before the shareholder meeting so that the funds will have an appropriate opportunity to evaluate it.

As adopted February 4, 2011

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Proxy voting procedures of the Putnam funds 

 

The proxy voting procedures below explain the role of the funds’ Trustees, the proxy voting service and the Proxy Manager, as well as how the process will work when a proxy question needs to be handled on a case-by-case basis, or when there may be a conflict of interest.

The role of the funds’ Trustees

The Trustees of the Putnam funds exercise control of the voting of proxies through their Board Policy and Nominating Committee, which is composed entirely of independent Trustees. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee oversees the proxy voting process and participates, as needed, in the resolution of issues that need to be handled on a case-by-case basis. The Committee annually reviews and recommends, for Trustee approval, guidelines governing the funds’ proxy votes, including how the funds vote on specific proposals and which matters are to be considered on a case-by-case basis. The Trustees are assisted in this process by their independent administrative staff (“Office of the Trustees”), independent legal counsel, and an independent proxy voting service. The Trustees also receive assistance from Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam Management”), the funds’ investment advisor, on matters involving investment judgments. In all cases, the ultimate decision on voting proxies rests with the Trustees, acting as fiduciaries on behalf of the shareholders of the funds.

The role of the proxy voting service

The funds have engaged an independent proxy voting service to assist in the voting of proxies. The proxy voting service is responsible for coordinating with the funds’ custodians to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the funds’ portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion. To the extent applicable, the proxy voting service votes all proxies in accordance with the proxy voting guidelines established by the Trustees. The proxy voting service will refer proxy questions to the Proxy Manager (described below) for instructions under circumstances where: (1) the application of the proxy voting guidelines is unclear; (2) a particular proxy question is not covered by the guidelines; or (3) the guidelines call for specific instructions on a case-by-case basis. The proxy voting service is also requested to call to the Proxy Manager’s attention specific proxy questions that, while governed by a guideline, appear to involve unusual or controversial issues. The funds also utilize research services relating to proxy questions provided by the proxy voting service and by other firms.

The role of the Proxy Manager

Each year, a member of the Office of the Trustees is appointed Proxy Manager to assist in the coordination and voting of the funds’ proxies. The Proxy Manager will deal directly with the proxy voting service and, in the case of proxy questions referred by the proxy voting service, will solicit voting recommendations and instructions from the Office of the Trustees, the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, and Putnam Management’s investment professionals, as appropriate. The Proxy Manager is responsible for ensuring that these questions and referrals are responded to in a timely fashion and for transmitting appropriate voting instructions to the proxy voting service.

Voting procedures for referral items

As discussed above, the proxy voting service will refer proxy questions to the Proxy Manager under certain circumstances. When the application of the proxy voting guidelines is unclear or a particular proxy question is not covered by the guidelines (and does not involve investment considerations), the Proxy Manager will assist in interpreting the guidelines and, as appropriate, consult with one or more senior staff members of the Office of the Trustees and the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee on how the funds’ shares will be voted.

February 17, 2012  II-114 

 



For proxy questions that require a case-by-case analysis pursuant to the guidelines or that are not covered by the guidelines but involve investment considerations, the Proxy Manager will refer such questions, through an electronic request form, to Putnam Management’s investment professionals for a voting recommendation. Such referrals will be made in cooperation with the person or persons designated by Putnam Management’s Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing such referral items. In connection with each such referral item, the Legal and Compliance Department will conduct a conflicts of interest review, as described below under “Conflicts of interest,” and provide electronically a conflicts of interest report (the “Conflicts Report”) to the Proxy Manager describing the results of such review. After receiving a referral item from the Proxy Manager, Putnam Management’s investment professionals will provide a recommendation electronically to the Proxy Manager and the person or persons designated by the Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing referral items. Such recommendation will set forth (1) how the proxies should be voted; (2) the basis and rationale for such recommendation; and (3) any contacts the investment professionals have had with respect to the referral item with non-investment personnel of Putnam Management or with outside parties (except for routine communications from proxy solicitors). The Proxy Manager will then review the investment professionals’ recommendation and the Conflicts Report with one or more senior staff members of the Office of the Trustees in determining how to vote the funds’ proxies. The Proxy Manager will maintain a record of all proxy questions that have been referred to Putnam Management’s investment professionals, the voting recommendation, and the Conflicts Report.

In some situations, the Proxy Manager and/or one or more senior staff members of the Office of the Trustees may determine that a particular proxy question raises policy issues requiring consultation with the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, who, in turn, may decide to bring the particular proxy question to the Committee or the full Board of Trustees for consideration.

Conflicts of interest

Occasions may arise where a person or organization involved in the proxy voting process may have a conflict of interest. A conflict of interest may exist, for example, if Putnam Management has a business relationship with (or is actively soliciting business from) either the company soliciting the proxy or a third party that has a material interest in the outcome of a proxy vote or that is actively lobbying for a particular outcome of a proxy vote. Any individual with knowledge of a personal conflict of interest (e.g., familial relationship with company management) relating to a particular referral item shall disclose that conflict to the Proxy Manager and the Legal and Compliance Department and otherwise remove himself or herself from the proxy voting process. The Legal and Compliance Department will review each item referred to Putnam Management’s investment professionals to determine if a conflict of interest exists and will provide the Proxy Manager with a Conflicts Report for each referral item that (1) describes any conflict of interest; (2) discusses the procedures used to address such conflict of interest; and (3) discloses any contacts from parties outside Putnam Management (other than routine communications from proxy solicitors) with respect to the referral item not otherwise reported in an investment professional’s recommendation. The Conflicts Report will also include written confirmation that any recommendation from an investment professional provided under circumstances where a conflict of interest exists was made solely on the investment merits and without regard to any other consideration.

As adopted March 11, 2005 and revised June 12, 2009.

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Appendix B

Financial statements (excerpted from the most recent annual report)

February 17, 2012  II-116 

 



Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Trustees and Shareholders
Putnam Funds Trust:

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund (the fund), a series of Putnam Funds Trust, including the fund’s portfolio, as of October 31, 2011, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the two years ended October 31, 2011 and the period from December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009. These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform our audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of October 31, 2011 by correspondence with the custodian and brokers or by other appropriate auditing procedures. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund as of October 31, 2011, the results of its operations, the changes in its net assets and the financial highlights for the periods specified in the first paragraph above, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.


Boston, Massachusetts
December 19, 2011

22



The fund’s portfolio 10/31/11

MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (26.1%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-4, Class A3, 5.792647s, 2051  $965,000  $1,020,488 
Ser. 07-2, Class A2, 5.634s, 2049  1,029,509  1,039,392 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class A2, 5.623487s, 2049  436,951  441,633 
Ser. 07-5, Class A3, 5.62s, 2051  1,050,000  1,094,091 
Ser. 2004-3, Class D, 5.599s, 2039  626,000  554,285 
Ser. 06-5, Class A2, 5.317s, 2047  1,438,911  1,452,346 
Ser. 06-6, Class A2, 5.309s, 2045  1,218,673  1,218,177 
Ser. 07-1, Class XW, IO, 5.297s, 2049  1,527,166  17,927 

Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 03-1, Class F, 5.507s, 2036  553,000  548,764 
Ser. 02-PB2, Class XC, IO, 0.639502s, 2035  2,194,458  1,810 
Ser. 04-4, Class XC, IO, 0.266973s, 2042  1,459,486  29,463 

Banc of America Funding Corp. FRB Ser. 06-A, Class 3A2,     
2.813812s, 2036  2,171,856  999,054 

Barclays Capital, LLC Trust FRB Ser. 07-AA2, Class 12A1,     
0.45472s, 2047  1,793,587  789,178 

Bear Stearns Commercial Mortgage     
Securities, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-PW16, Class A2, 5.663293s, 2040  929,637  945,803 
Ser. 06-PW13, Class A2, 5.426s, 2041  233,369  233,649 

Citigroup Commercial Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 05-C3, Class AJ, 4.96s, 2043  700,000  643,069 
Ser. 2005-C3, Class AM, 4.83s, 2043 F  1,358,000  1,371,345 

Citigroup Mortgage Loan Trust, Inc. FRB Ser. 07-AR5,     
Class 1A2A, 5.04842s, 2037  62,721  34,516 

Citigroup/Deutsche Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-CD3, Class A2, 5.56s, 2048  761,538  769,234 

Commercial Mortgage Asset Trust FRB Ser. 99-C2, Class E,     
7.64s, 2032  586,000  597,720 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates     
Ser. 06-C8, Class A2B, 5.248s, 2046  166,387  166,846 
Ser. 05-LP5, Class B, 5.105s, 2043  573,000  525,728 

Countrywide Alternative Loan Trust FRB Ser. 05-84,     
Class 4A1, 5.71976s, 2036  2,242,525  1,300,664 

Countrywide Home Loans 144A     
Ser. 04-R2, Class 1AS, IO, 5.69454s, 2034  893,443  112,931 
Ser. 05-R3, Class AS, IO, 5.5866s, 2035  351,378  49,052 
FRB Ser. 04-R2, Class 1AF1, 0.66472s, 2034 F  881,924  678,994 
FRB Ser. 05-R3, Class AF, 0.64472s, 2035 F  345,009  279,488 

Credit Suisse Mortgage Capital Certificates     
FRB Ser. 07-C4, Class A2, 5.795425s, 2039  1,203,603  1,217,069 
Ser. 07-C5, Class A3, 5.694s, 2040  1,000,000  1,057,455 
Ser. 07-C2, Class A2, 5.448s, 2049  221,302  221,891 
Ser. 07-C1, Class AAB, 5.336s, 2040  748,000  773,656 

CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp.     
Ser. 02-CKN2, Class C1, 6.376s, 2037 F  898,000  894,904 
FRB Ser. 04-C2, Class D, 5.575s, 2036  476,000  466,480 
Ser. 02-CP5, Class E, 5.339s, 2035  753,000  758,617 

 

23



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (26.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp.     
Ser. 05-C5, Class AJ, 5.1s, 2038 F  $1,014,000  $905,163 
Ser. 05-C5, Class AM, 5.1s, 2038  1,066,000  1,098,646 
Ser. 03-CPN1, Class E, 4.891s, 2035  408,000  390,558 

CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp. 144A     
Ser. 98-C1, Class F, 6s, 2040  640,000  669,613 
FRB Ser. 03-CK2, Class G, 5.744s, 2036  857,000  837,709 
Ser. 03-C3, Class AX, IO, 1.73164s, 2038  19,078,633  363,162 
Ser. 04-C4, Class AX, IO, 0.350686s, 2039  1,568,771  35,382 

Deutsche Alt-A Securities, Inc. Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 2007-AR3, Class 2A5, 0.44472s, 2037 F  2,211,513  1,105,213 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A6, 0.43472s, 2037 F  1,152,055  541,200 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A4, 0.41472s, 2037  186,492  103,037 

DLJ Commercial Mortgage Corp. 144A Ser. 98-CF2, Class B3,     
6.04s, 2031  543,280  564,503 

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.     
IFB Ser. 2976, Class LC, 23.527789s, 2035  53,371  83,119 
IFB Ser. 3835, Class SN, 15.516675s, 2041  3,944,848  5,333,869 
IFB Ser. 3727, Class PS, IO, 6.45667s, 2038  3,624,955  483,569 
IFB Ser. 3835, Class SC, IO, 6.40667s, 2038  2,416,311  425,343 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class KS, IO, 6.30667s, 2041  2,020,044  315,268 
IFB Ser. 3677, Class SA, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  7,083,378  850,501 
IFB Ser. 3708, Class SA, IO, 6.20667s, 2040  6,530,599  867,459 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class TB, 5.75667s, 2041  912,413  938,645 
IFB Ser. 3752, Class PS, IO, 5.75667s, 2040  5,833,609  939,736 
Ser. 3645, Class ID, IO, 5s, 2040  110,962  12,326 
Ser. 3680, Class KI, IO, 5s, 2038  2,955,912  428,016 
Ser. 3632, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2038  126,550  13,650 
Ser. 3626, Class DI, IO, 5s, 2037  87,390  5,046 
Ser. 3653, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036  2,448,936  142,969 
Ser. 3623, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036 F  79,535  8,581 
Ser. 3707, Class HI, IO, 4s, 2023  177,615  7,472 
Ser. T-8, Class A9, IO, 0.428148s, 2028  227,151  2,544 
Ser. T-59, Class 1AX, IO, 0.273447s, 2043  504,730  3,785 
Ser. T-48, Class A2, IO, 0.212s, 2033  712,429  5,058 
FRB Ser. T-54, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2043  293,601  59 

Federal National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 04-10, Class QC, 27.62112s, 2031  456,193  637,085 
IFB Ser. 06-86, Class SY, 23.11936s, 2036  365,527  529,905 
IFB Ser. 05-75, Class GS, 19.51584s, 2035  629,233  878,850 
IFB Ser. 11-4, Class CS, 12.41056s, 2040  1,066,074  1,231,636 
IFB Ser. 11-67, Class BS, IO, 6.25528s, 2041  3,721,332  567,205 
IFB Ser. 11-111, Class SD, IO, 6 1/4s, 2041  2,212,000  457,950 
IFB Ser. 11-101, Class BS, IO, 5.80528s, 2039  1,265,662  202,886 
Ser. 398, Class C5, IO, 5s, 2039  301,057  39,137 
Ser. 10-100, Class AI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2025  2,208,148  187,913 
Ser. 03-W10, Class 1, IO, 1.45698s, 2043  119,171  5,363 
Ser. 98-W2, Class X, IO, 0.98064s, 2028  397,397  17,724 
Ser. 98-W5, Class X, IO, 0.93724s, 2028  164,102  6,859 
Ser. 03-W1, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2042  618,479  62 

 

24



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (26.1%)* cont.  Principal a mount  Value 

 
First Union Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A Ser. 99-C1,     
Class F, 5.35s, 2035  $468,000  $444,600 

GE Capital Commercial Mortgage Corp.     
Ser. 07-C1, Class A3, 5.481s, 2049  973,000  1,031,671 
FRB Ser. 04-C3, Class B, 5.342557s, 2039 F  1,839,000  1,737,157 

GE Capital Commercial Mortgage Corp. 144A     
Ser. 03-C2, Class D, 5.326s, 2037  400,000  405,584 
FRB Ser. 04-C1, Class F, 5.088s, 2038  616,000  594,440 
Ser. 05-C2, Class XC, IO, 0.122204s, 2043  10,511,054  74,292 
Ser. 05-C3, Class XC, IO, 0.082125s, 2045  73,230,448  359,980 

GMAC Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. Ser. 04-C3,     
Class AJ, 4.915s, 2041  710,000  656,118 

Government National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 11-56, Class SA, 23.486s, 2041  2,325,854  3,462,220 
IFB Ser. 10-158, Class SD, 14.2658s, 2040  377,000  505,052 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class WS, 9.21056s, 2040  1,272,000  1,387,612 
IFB Ser. 11-56, Class SG, 6.82734s, 2041  1,071,849  1,149,665 
IFB Ser. 11-56, Class MS, 6.82581s, 2041  1,921,613  2,052,820 
IFB Ser. 10-167, Class SM, IO, 6.43667s, 2040  1,774,548  326,056 
IFB Ser. 11-61, Class CS, IO, 6.43528s, 2035  2,527,744  429,418 
IFB Ser. 10-85, Class SD, IO, 6.40528s, 2038  3,112,425  514,795 
IFB Ser. 10-58, Class LS, IO, 6.30528s, 2039  3,373,694  578,858 
IFB Ser. 10-31, Class PS, IO, 6.30528s, 2038  1,181,244  214,372 
IFB Ser. 10-62, Class SD, IO, 6.24528s, 2040  2,676,236  455,437 
IFB Ser. 11-40, Class AS, IO, 5.87667s, 2036  770,269  110,580 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SN, IO, 5.65667s, 2041  2,891,000  794,244 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SH, IO, 5.64667s, 2041  3,615,000  992,607 
Ser. 10-150, Class WI, IO, 5s, 2038  2,969,343  401,336 
IFB Ser. 11-12, Class IB, IO, 4.56056s, 2040  1,536,813  218,381 
Ser. 10-103, Class DI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2038 F  3,926,945  573,560 
Ser. 11-70, PO, zero %, 2041  5,054,569  3,992,351 
Ser. 10-151, Class KO, PO, zero %, 2037  801,682  721,386 

Greenwich Capital Commercial Funding Corp. FRB Ser. 05-GG3,     
Class AJ, 4.859s, 2042  732,000  673,586 

Greenwich Capital Commercial Funding Corp. 144A Ser. 03-C1,     
Class G, 4.773s, 2035  626,000  604,068 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II     
Ser. 06-GG6, Class A3, 5.56s, 2038  803,000  849,815 
Ser. 06-GG6, Class A2, 5.506s, 2038  604,276  612,773 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II 144A Ser. 03-C1, Class X1,     
IO, 0.839486s, 2040  1,657,620  10,095 

GSMPS Mortgage Loan Trust 144A     
Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AS, IO, 5.97024s, 2035  718,995  111,444 
IFB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AS, IO, 5.298629s, 2034  356,194  53,322 
Ser. 98-2, IO, 0.66556s, 2027  63,958  6 
FRB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AF, 0.64472s, 2034 F  356,194  274,304 
FRB Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AF, 0.59472s, 2035 F  718,995  553,656 
Ser. 98-3, IO, 0.33414s, 2027  76,655  199 
Ser. 99-2, IO, zero %, 2027  110,674  277 
Ser. 98-4, IO, zero %, 2026  83,976  218 

 

25



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (26.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Harborview Mortgage Loan Trust FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A1A,     
0.43472s, 2036  $2,561,000  $1,485,380 

IndyMac Indx Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-AR5, Class 1A2, 5.21083s, 2036  85,768  6,861 
FRB Ser. 07-AR7, Class 2A1, 4.677537s, 2037  669,077  327,848 
FRB Ser. 06-AR11, Class 3A1, 2.82648s, 2036  110,160  46,409 
FRB Ser. 06-AR29, Class A2, 0.32472s, 2036  1,547,383  588,006 

JPMorgan Alternative Loan Trust FRB Ser. 07-A2, Class 12A1,     
0.44472s, 2037  1,557,710  591,930 

JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Corp.     
FRB Ser. 07-LD12, Class A3, 5.986621s, 2051  2,253,000  2,419,772 
Ser. 06-LDP7, Class A2, 5.864s, 2045  114,440  114,475 
Ser. 06-LDP8, Class A3B, 5.447s, 2045  70,000  75,930 
Ser. 2002-C3, Class D, 5.314s, 2035  424,000  424,776 
FRB Ser. 02-C2, Class E, 5.309275s, 2034  576,000  566,220 
Ser. 03-C1, Class D, 5.192s, 2037  425,000  424,419 
Ser. 04-CB8, Class B, 4 1/2s, 2039  876,000  824,260 

JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Corp. 144A     
Ser. 02-C1, Class E, 6.135s, 2037  496,000  492,940 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-C3, Class A2, 5.532s, 2032  10,749  10,742 
Ser. 06-C6, Class AM, 5.413s, 2039 F  1,915,000  1,838,217 
Ser. 05-C7, Class A2, 5.103s, 2030  43,935  43,935 
Ser. 03-C5, Class F, 4.843s, 2037  380,000  349,600 
Ser. 07-C2, Class XW, IO, 0.541841s, 2040  1,036,736  21,155 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A Ser. 02-C2, Class J,     
6.235s, 2035  730,000  728,613 

Merrill Lynch Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-C1, Class A3, 5.827867s, 2050  1,229,000  1,312,635 
FRB Ser. 07-C1, Class A2, 5.723867s, 2050  850,154  859,644 
Ser. 08-C1, Class A2, 5.425s, 2051  260,583  266,079 
Ser. 05-MCP1, Class XC, IO, 0.184639s, 2043  56,504,605  597,536 

Merrill Lynch/Countrywide Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-1, Class A2, 5.439s, 2039  73,981  73,927 
FRB Ser. 06-4, Class A2FL, 0.363s, 2049  1,219,887  1,184,815 

Morgan Stanley Capital I     
FRB Ser. 07-IQ15, Class A2, 5.843688s, 2049  709,000  722,296 
Ser. 2006-HQ9, Class A2, 5.618s, 2044  198,672  198,599 
Ser. 07-IQ14, Class A2, 5.61s, 2049  785,774  812,145 
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2, 5.590489s, 2049  422,313  430,844 
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2FL, 0.49322s, 2049  193,938  167,969 

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital I Ser. 03-HQ2, Class C,     
5.15s, 2035  783,000  751,437 

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital I 144A FRB Ser. 03-HQ2,     
Class F, 5.72855s, 2035  513,000  484,785 

Morgan Stanley ReREMIC Trust 144A FRB Ser. 10-C30A,     
Class A3B, 10.236s, 2043  574,000  582,662 

Nomura Asset Securities Corp. 144A Ser. 98-D6, Class B1,     
6s, 2030  258,000  262,801 

Residential Accredit Loans, Inc. Ser. 06-QS13, Class 1A5,     
6s, 2036  44,099  25,867 

 

26



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (26.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Salomon Brothers Mortgage Securities VII 144A FRB     
Ser. 99-C1, Class J, 7s, 2032  $627,000  $654,078 

Structured Asset Securities Corp.     
IFB Ser. 07-4, Class 1A3, IO, 6.022917s, 2045  307,184  43,006 
Ser. 07-4, Class 1A4, IO, 1s, 2045  678,981  27,567 

Structured Asset Securities Corp. 144A FRB Ser. 05-RF2,     
Class A, 0.59472s, 2035 F  1,532,862  1,134,380 

TIAA Seasoned Commercial Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 07-C4,     
Class AJ, 5.907622s, 2039 F  1,917,000  1,659,731 

Vericrest Opportunity Loan Transferee 144A Ser. 10-NPL1,     
Class M, 6s, 2039  252,895  251,631 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-C32, Class APB, 5.742444s, 2049  842,000  907,217 
FRB Ser. 07-C32, Class A2, 5.737444s, 2049  251,269  256,527 
Ser. 06-C25, Class A2, 5.684s, 2043  77,691  77,691 
Ser. 06-C28, Class A3, 5.679s, 2048  455,000  501,038 
Ser. 07-C30, Class APB, 5.294s, 2043  240,000  251,369 
Ser. 07-C30, Class A3, 5.246s, 2043  826,000  831,833 
Ser. 05-C17, Class AJ, 5.224s, 2042  430,000  392,599 
Ser. 06-C29, IO, 0.373424s, 2048  41,179,964  642,407 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A     
Ser. 03-C3, Class IOI, IO, 1.055916s, 2035  34,170,167  324,685 
Ser. 07-C31, IO, 0.247448s, 2047  71,035,029  646,530 

Wachovia Mortgage Loan Trust, LLC FRB Ser. 06-AMN1,     
Class A2, 0.39472s, 2036  3,955,099  1,522,713 

WAMU Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust 144A Ser. 05-C1A,     
Class C, 4.9s, 2036  151,000  152,268 

Washington Mutual Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates FRB     
Ser. 07-HY1, Class A3A, 0.47472s, 2037  3,114,208  1,702,099 

Total mortgage-backed securities (cost $105,140,460)    $104,572,748 
 
 
U.S. GOVERNMENT AND AGENCY     
MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (15.6%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
U.S. Government Guaranteed Mortgage Obligations (1.0%)     
Government National Mortgage Association Pass-Through     
Certificates     
4 1/2s, May 20, 2041  $1,957,516  $2,128,187 
4s, with due dates from January 20, 2041 to     
February 20, 2041  1,927,485  2,057,740 

    4,185,927 
U.S. Government Agency Mortgage Obligations (14.6%)     
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation Pass-Through     
Certificates 3 1/2s, January 1, 2041  931,136  946,230 

Federal National Mortgage Association Pass-Through     
Certificates     
4 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  7,000,000  7,402,500 
4s, TBA, November 1, 2041  4,000,000  4,158,438 
3 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  45,000,000  45,755,861 

    58,263,029 
 
Total U.S. government and agency mortgage obligations (cost $62,271,556)  $62,448,956 

 

27



U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCY OBLIGATIONS (0.2%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Wells Fargo & Co.     
3s, FDIC guaranteed notes, December 9, 2011  $308,000  $308,882 
2 1/8s, FDIC guaranteed notes, June 15, 2012  392,000  396,352 

Total U.S. government agency obligations (cost $701,137)    $705,234 
 
 
U.S. TREASURY OBLIGATIONS (—%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
U.S. Treasury Notes 2 5/8s, November 15, 2020  $56,000  $58,756 

Total U.S. treasury obligations (cost $52,659)    $58,756 
 
 
CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (8.1%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.1%)     
Omnicom Group, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.45s, 2020  $315,000  $328,605 

    328,605 
Airlines (0.1%)     
Continental Airlines, Inc. pass-through certificates     
Ser. 97-4A, 6.9s, 2018  141,526  144,710 

Continental Airlines, Inc. pass-through certificates     
Ser. 98-1A, 6.648s, 2017  146,353  148,549 

    293,259 
Automotive (0.1%)     
BMW US Capital, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes Ser. EMTN, 4 1/4s, 2011  120,000  120,659 

Daimler Finance North America, LLC company guaranty     
unsec. unsub. notes 7.3s, 2012 (Germany)  310,000  314,095 

    434,754 
Banking (2.0%)     
Bank One Corp. unsec. notes 5 1/4s, 2013  377,000  392,405 

Barclays Bank PLC unsec. sub. notes FRN Ser. EMTN,     
0.53683s, 2017 (United Kingdom)  552,000  481,703 

Citigroup, Inc. unsec. sub. notes 5 5/8s, 2012  650,000  662,739 

ING Bank NV 144A sr. unsec. notes FRN 1.39711s,     
2013 (Netherlands)  585,000  577,218 

JPMorgan Chase Capital XX company guaranty jr. unsec.     
sub. notes Ser. T, 6.55s, 2036  845,000  869,317 

Lloyds TSB Bank PLC bank guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 4 7/8s, 2016 (United Kingdom)  510,000  524,337 

National Australia Bank, Ltd. 144A sr. unsec. notes 2 1/2s,     
2013 (Australia)  690,000  699,077 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The) company     
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. 2, 3.4s, 2013     
(United Kingdom)  325,000  322,953 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The) 144A company     
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 7/8s, 2014     
(United Kingdom)  430,000  440,806 

Shinhan Bank 144A sr. unsec. bond 6s, 2012 (South Korea)  200,000  205,004 

Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp. 144A sr. unsec. notes 2.15s,     
2013 (Japan)  685,000  693,035 

UBS AG/Stamford CT sr. unsec. FRN 1.403s, 2012 (Switzerland)  1,055,000  1,057,606 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA 144A sr. unsec.     
notes 6 1/4s, 2035 (Russia)  200,000  205,000 

Westpac Banking Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2 1/4s,     
2012 (Australia)  720,000  730,563 

    7,861,763 

 

28



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (8.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Beverage (0.3%)     
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company     
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 3/8s, 2014  $565,000  $635,652 

Constellation Brands, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 7 1/4s, 2016  400,000  437,500 

    1,073,152 
Broadcasting (0.1%)     
Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. note     
company guaranty 8 3/8s, 2013  360,000  400,051 

    400,051 
Cable television (0.1%)     
Comcast Cable Holdings, LLC debs. 9.8s, 2012  58,000  59,204 

Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 6 1/2s, 2015  447,000  509,631 

    568,835 
Chemicals (0.2%)     
Airgas, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.85s, 2013  255,000  260,715 

Dow Chemical Co. (The) sr. unsec. notes 7.6s, 2014  355,000  402,856 

Dow Chemical Co. (The) sr. unsec. notes 4.85s, 2012  300,000  308,983 

    972,554 
Computers (0.1%)     
Seagate Technology International 144A company     
guaranty sr. sec. notes 10s, 2014 (Cayman Islands)  466,000  530,075 

    530,075 
Consumer goods (0.1%)     
Beam, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3s, 2012  435,000  438,263 

    438,263 
Electric utilities (0.7%)     
Allegheny Energy Supply 144A sr. unsec. bond 8 1/4s, 2012  820,000  844,483 

CMS Energy Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes FRN 1.35306s, 2013  130,000  127,400 

FirstEnergy Corp. notes Ser. B, 6.45s, 2011  291,000  291,474 

KCP&L Greater Missouri Operations Co. sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 11 7/8s, 2012  631,000  673,603 

Power Receivable Finance, LLC 144A sr. notes 6.29s, 2012  104,397  104,485 

Texas-New Mexico Power Co. 144A 1st mtge. sec. 9 1/2s, 2019  654,000  848,749 

    2,890,194 
Financial (0.4%)     
Berkshire Hathaway Finance Corp. company     
guaranty sr. notes 4s, 2012  85,000  86,382 

Erac USA Finance Co. 144A company guaranty notes     
2 1/4s, 2014  390,000  392,737 

Erac USA Finance Co. 144A company     
guaranty sr. notes 2 3/4s, 2013  445,000  453,024 

GATX Corp. notes 4 3/4s, 2012  180,000  185,100 

General Electric Capital Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. FRN     
1.19778s, 2013  275,000  275,714 

    1,392,957 
Food (0.3%)     
Kraft Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 2 5/8s, 2013  730,000  747,184 

Tyson Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 10 1/2s, 2014  400,000  464,000 

    1,211,184 
Forest products and packaging (0.3%)     
Sealed Air Corp. sr. notes 7 7/8s, 2017  265,000  283,029 

Weyerhaeuser Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 1/4s, 2013  825,000  889,691 

    1,172,720 

 

29



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (8.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Insurance (0.5%)     
Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (The) jr. unsec.     
sub. debs. FRB 8 1/8s, 2038  $235,000  $239,700 

MetLife Global Funding I 144A sr. unsub. notes     
5 1/8s, 2013  100,000  105,113 

MetLife Global Funding I 144A sr. unsec. notes 2 7/8s, 2012  270,000  274,048 

MetLife Global Funding I 144A sr. unsub. notes 5 1/8s, 2014  100,000  108,097 

New York Life Global Funding 144A notes 3s, 2015  930,000  965,791 

Prudential Financial, Inc. sr. notes 6.2s, 2015  425,000  467,199 

    2,159,948 
Investment banking/Brokerage (0.3%)     
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) sr. notes 3 5/8s, 2012  194,000  196,915 

TD Ameritrade Holding Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 2.95s, 2012  770,000  785,534 

    982,449 
Media (0.1%)     
Viacom, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 4 3/8s, 2014  310,000  333,850 

    333,850 
Metals (0.4%)     
Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold, Inc. sr. unsec.     
notes 8 3/8s, 2017 (Indonesia)  400,000  427,500 

Rio Tinto Finance USA, Ltd. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 9s, 2019 (Australia)  245,000  334,610 

Steel Dynamics, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 7 3/8s, 2012  269,000  278,751 

Teck Resources Limited sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7s,     
2012 (Canada)  630,000  660,941 

    1,701,802 
Natural gas utilities (0.6%)     
Energy Transfer Partners LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes     
5.65s, 2012  740,000  762,507 

Kinder Morgan, Inc./Kansas sr. notes 6 1/2s, 2012  490,000  499,800 

NGPL PipeCo, LLC 144A sr. unsec. notes 6.514s, 2012  600,000  623,888 

Total Capital SA company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 3s, 2015 (France)  500,000  530,556 

    2,416,751 
Office equipment and supplies (0.1%)     
Staples, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 9 3/4s, 2014  505,000  582,663 

    582,663 
Oil and gas (0.1%)     
Ras Laffan Liquefied Natural Gas Co., Ltd. 144A company     
guaranty sr. notes 4 1/2s, 2012 (Qatar)  250,000  255,000 

    255,000 
Real estate (0.2%)     
Simon Property Group LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.1s, 2015 R  700,000  768,650 

Simon Property Group LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.2s, 2015 R  70,000  74,442 

    843,092 
Regional Bells (0.3%)     
Frontier Communications Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7 7/8s, 2015  605,000  640,922 

Verizon New Jersey, Inc. sr. unsec. bonds Ser. A, 5 7/8s, 2012  740,000  747,754 

    1,388,676 

 

30



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (8.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Retail (0.2%)     
Autonation, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes     
6 3/4s, 2018  $465,000  $482,438 

QVC, Inc. 144A sr. notes 7 1/8s, 2017  215,000  228,975 

    711,413 
Telecommunications (0.2%)     
SBA Tower Trust 144A company guaranty mtge. notes     
4.254s, 2015  625,000  659,317 

    659,317 
Telephone (0.2%)     
CenturyLink, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. L, 7 7/8s, 2012  610,000  635,671 

    635,671 
 
Total corporate bonds and notes (cost $31,661,369)    $32,238,998 
 
 
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES (4.9%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Bombardier Capital Mortgage Securitization Corp.     
Ser. 00-A, Class A4, 8.29s, 2030  $670,976  $395,876 
Ser. 00-A, Class A2, 7.575s, 2030  2,317,918  1,257,471 

First Franklin Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates FRB     
Ser. 06-FF5, Class 2A3, 0.40472s, 2036 F  2,786,695  1,504,075 

Green Tree Financial Corp.     
Ser. 97-6, Class M1, 7.21s, 2029  747,000  639,674 
Ser. 99-3, Class A8, 7.06s, 2031  700,000  597,625 
Ser. 97-8, Class M1, 7.02s, 2027  1,989,000  1,372,410 
Ser. 1997-5, Class M1, 6.95s, 2029  1,306,000  1,270,085 
Ser. 99-2, Class A6, 6.92s, 2030  1,383,000  1,265,445 
Ser. 99-2, Class A7, 6.44s, 2030  379,378  401,090 

Greenpoint Manufactured Housing Ser. 00-3, Class IA,     
8.45s, 2031  1,438,532  1,341,431 

GSAA Home Equity Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class A4A, 0.46472s, 2047  234,687  102,089 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class 2A1A, 0.19069s, 2047  1,075,099  451,541 

HSI Asset Securitization Corp. Trust FRB Ser. 06-HE1,     
Class 2A1, 0.29472s, 2036  9,483  3,935 

Madison Avenue Manufactured Housing Contract FRB     
Ser. 02-A, Class B1, 3.49472s, 2032  1,797,000  1,579,114 

Oakwood Mortgage Investors, Inc.     
Ser. 01-C, Class A4, 7.405s, 2030  1,018,371  567,742 
Ser. 00-D, Class A4, 7.4s, 2030  502,161  307,573 
Ser. 98-A, Class M, 6.825s, 2028  1,324,000  1,286,023 
Ser. 01-C, Class A3, 6.61s, 2021  2,628,364  1,317,467 
Ser. 99-B, Class A3, 6.45s, 2017  986,131  888,751 
Ser. 01-E, Class A3, 5.69s, 2031 F  823,645  680,610 
Ser. 01-D, Class A2, 5.26s, 2019  958,545  563,145 

Structured Asset Securities Corp. FRB Ser. 06-BC2,     
Class A3, 0.39472s, 2036 F  3,544,532  1,865,310 

WAMU Asset-Backed Certificates FRB Ser. 07-HE1, Class 2A1,     
0.29472s, 2037  14,914  14,073 

Total asset-backed securities (cost $20,860,170)    $19,672,555 

 

31



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)*  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 3.49% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2026.  Sep-16/3.49  $51,678  $4,010 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.49%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2026.  Sep-16/3.49  51,678  3,550 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.37% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  4,905,963  410,727 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.37% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  4,905,963  61,079 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  4,088,302  387,816 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.36% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  4,088,302  339,533 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.36% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  4,088,302  51,145 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.52% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  4,088,302  40,719 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.51% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  1,635,321  153,884 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.51% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  1,635,321  16,239 

 

32



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.5375%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  $4,088,302  $393,908 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.5375% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  4,088,302  38,634 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.1825%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1825  1,020,000  19,135 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.54%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  7,658,044  739,920 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 3.54% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  7,658,044  71,373 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.49%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  4,069,003  377,603 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 3.49% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  4,069,003  40,324 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Citibank, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.1075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  4,943,000  79,434 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Credit Suisse International for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.1075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  4,943,000  79,434 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.11875%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.11875  4,943,000  81,016 

 

33



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/2.35  $1,020,000  $23,113 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.998%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  4,912,000  51,134 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right to       
receive a fixed rate of 1.998% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  4,912,000  51,134 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  4,912,000  43,226 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  4,912,000  43,226 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  4,912,000  43,226 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  4,912,000  43,226 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Citibank, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  4,912,000  43,226 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Credit Suisse International for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  4,912,000  43,226 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.765% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.765  2,472,000  14,066 

 

34



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.015% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/2.015  $989,000  $10,454 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 2.075% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  6,900,000  322,092 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  6,900,000  80,454 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right to       
pay a fixed rate of 0.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  9,536,000  33,757 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.52%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  9,536,000  12,301 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.0525%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  6,900,000  306,567 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.0525%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  6,900,000  67,275 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right to       
receive a fixed rate of 1.81% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  1,641,653  35,099 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 1.81% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  1,641,653  5,697 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 0.555% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  12,102,578  30,014 

 

35



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.555% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  $12,102,578  $16,581 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.27%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.27  1,020,000  15,504 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.03% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  6,900,000  288,765 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.03%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  6,900,000  51,543 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
UBS AG for the right to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.722% versus the six month       
CHF-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2014.  Jan-12/1.722  CHF  2,290,000  1,790 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.953%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.953  $4,943,000  25,605 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Citibank, N.A. for the right to receive       
a fixed rate of 1.9475% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.9475  4,943,000  25,061 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.96325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.96325  4,943,000  26,198 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.60%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2042.  Jan-12/3.60  3,714,462  490,160 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 0.545% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  12,102,578  24,786 

 

36



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.545% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  $12,102,578  $12,224 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 4.60% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2042.  Jan-12/4.60  3,714,462  557 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.61%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  4,768,000  7,820 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.61% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  4,768,000  6,961 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.6075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  5,859,000  9,374 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 0.6075% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  5,859,000  8,519 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.01% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  6,900,000  267,237 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.01%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  6,900,000  32,361 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.476% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  9,536,000  25,270 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.476%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  9,536,000  3,719 

 

37



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.53% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  $9,536,000  $18,900 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.53%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  9,536,000  6,961 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 4.025% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.025  4,732,155  998,390 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 4.025% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.025  4,732,155  3,880 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 2.355% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  7,221,000  122,757 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.355% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  7,221,000  109,398 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 1.3525% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  7,221,000  48,525 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.3525% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  7,221,000  41,304 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.745% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  8,788,000  24,097 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  8,788,000  18,367 

 

38



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 4.12% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.12  $2,143,551  $493,403 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 4.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.12  2,143,551  922 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.99%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  10,935,749  431,087 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.99% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  10,935,749  419,495 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Citibank, N.A. for the right to receive       
a fixed rate of 4.1175% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  1,041,060  239,569 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Citibank, N.A. for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 4.1175% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  1,041,060  239 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.855% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/3.855  2,808,801  499,068 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 4.355% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.355  2,808,801  56 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 0.5325% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  12,102,578  19,304 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right to       
receive a fixed rate of 0.5325% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  12,102,578  6,535 

 

39



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.31%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  Nov-11/2.31  $402,912  $18,917 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.31% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  Nov-11/2.31  402,912  4 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.21% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  7,646,816  600,428 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Barclay’s Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.21% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  7,646,816  535 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.11%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  1,795,351  74,758 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 3.11% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  1,795,351  26,212 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.3175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  7,221,000  77,481 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.3175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  7,221,000  58,923 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 1.30% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  7,221,000  31,050 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Deutsche Bank AG for the right to receive       
a fixed rate of 1.30% versus the three month       
USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  7,221,000  21,158 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.715% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  8,788,000  15,203 

 

40



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (2.8%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.715%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  $8,788,000  $9,315 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Credit Suisse International for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.425% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  3,077,000  285,699 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Credit Suisse International for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.425% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  3,077,000  4,339 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 4.0325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  2,453,222  529,553 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 4.0325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  2,453,222  2 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 0.5175% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  12,102,578  11,861 

Option on an interest rate swap with       
Bank of America, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.5175% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  12,102,578  254 

Total purchased options outstanding (cost $8,951,367)    $11,299,980 
 
 
FOREIGN GOVERNMENT BONDS AND NOTES (0.6%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 7s, 2015  $1,340,000  $1,206,228 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds FRB       
0.439s, 2012    2,130,000  251,510 

Korea Development Bank (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4s, 2016  300,000  303,327 

Ontario (Province of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 1 7/8s, 2012  600,000  608,200 

Total foreign government bonds and notes (cost $2,397,967)    $2,369,265 

 

41



SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (63.5%)*  Principal amount/shares  Value 

 
Interest in $50,250,000 joint tri-party term repurchase     
agreement dated October 24, 2011 with JPMorgan     
Securities, Inc. due November 23, 2011, 0.27% (collateralized     
by various corporate bonds and notes with coupon rates     
ranging from 5.25%–8.25% and due dates ranging from April 15,     
2012 to October 15, 2039, valued at $50,253,255) TR  $2,000,000  $2,000,000 

Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund 0.05% e  4,289,742  4,289,742 

BMW U.S. Capital, LLC commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.020%, July 25, 2012  1,700,000  1,699,742 

Bryant Park Funding, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.164%, November 22, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,802 

Chariot Funding, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.247%, January 24, 2012  1,900,000  1,898,892 

Chariot Funding, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.143%, November 16, 2011  863,000  862,946 

CHARTA, LLC commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.517%, April 16, 2012  1,700,000  1,695,899 

CIESCO, LP commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.133%, November 16, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,883 

Commonwealth Bank of Australia commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.497%, April 17, 2012  1,700,000  1,696,033 

Danske Corp. commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.225%, November 3, 2011  1,500,000  1,499,906 

Diageo Capital PLC commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.403%, November 17, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,627 

DNB Nor Bank ASA commercial paper with an effective yield     
of zero %, April 25, 2012  1,500,000  1,500,000 

Dow Chemical Co. (The) commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.433%, November 23, 2011  400,000  399,890 

FCAR Owner Trust I commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.427%, April 2, 2012  1,500,000  1,497,259 

Govco, LLC commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.144%, November 18, 2011  1,000,000  999,929 

ING America Insurance Holdings, Inc. commercial paper with     
an effective yield of 0.864%, November 3, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,894 

Jupiter Securitization Co., LLC commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.136%, November 29, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,782 

Kraft Foods, Inc. commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.329%, November 16, 2011  300,000  299,956 

Liberty Mutual Group, Inc. commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.363%, November 15, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,704 

Manhattan Asset Funding Co., LLC commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.376%, January 25, 2012  2,000,000  1,998,206 

NRW. BANK commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.322%, December 5, 2011  1,750,000  1,749,455 

NRW. BANK commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.324%, December 13, 2011  250,000  249,904 

Old Line Funding, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.175%, December 5, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,660 

Prudential PLC commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.567%, February 6, 2012  650,000  648,967 

 

42



SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (63.5%)* cont.  Principal amount/shares  Value 

 
Prudential PLC commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.745%, March 23, 2012  $1,750,000  $1,744,786 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The) commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.453%, December 28, 2011  1,950,000  1,948,580 

Royal Park Investments Funding Corp. commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.691%, November 29, 2011  2,000,000  1,998,581 

Straight-A Funding, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.188%, January 18, 2012  4,000,000  3,998,353 

Svenska Handelsbanken, Inc. commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.316%, February 6, 2012  2,000,000  1,998,285 

Swedbank AB commercial bank with an effective yield     
of 0.494%, January 17, 2012  600,000  599,358 

Swedbank AB commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.495%, February 2, 2012  1,000,000  998,708 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.221%,     
March 8, 2012 ##  5,000,000  4,995,733 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.072% to 0.129%, April 5, 2012 ##  32,000,000  31,985,267 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.119% to 0.150%, May 3, 2012 # ##  19,000,000  18,986,200 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.071%,     
July 26, 2012  20,000,000  19,989,429 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.099%,     
August 23, 2012 ##  8,000,000  7,993,422 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.093%,     
September 20, 2012 ##  24,000,000  23,979,912 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.110%,     
October 18, 2012 # ##  30,000,000  29,967,587 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.197% to 0.200%, December 15, 2011 # ##  60,000,000  59,979,344 

UBS Finance Delaware, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.493%, January 6, 2012  350,000  349,679 

Viacom, Inc. commercial paper with an effective yield     
of 0.366%, November 15, 2011  2,000,000  1,999,697 

Victory Receivables Corp. commercial paper with an     
effective yield of 0.375%, January 13, 2012  1,600,000  1,598,650 

Total short-term investments (cost $254,096,649)    $254,096,649 
 
 
TOTAL INVESTMENTS     

Total investments (cost $486,133,334)    $487,463,141 

 

Key to holding’s currency abbreviations

 

AUD  Australian Dollar 
CAD  Canadian Dollar 
CHF  Swiss Franc 
EUR  Euro 
GBP  British Pound 
JPY  Japanese Yen 
KRW  South Korean Won 
SEK  Swedish Krona 

 

43



Key to holding’s abbreviations

EMTN  Euro Medium Term Notes 
FDIC Guaranteed  Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Guaranteed 
FRB  Floating Rate Bonds 
FRN  Floating Rate Notes 
IFB  Inverse Floating Rate Bonds 
IO  Interest Only 
OJSC  Open Joint Stock Company 
PO  Principal Only 
TBA  To Be Announced Commitments 

 

Notes to the fund’s portfolio

Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011 (the reporting period).

* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $400,148,811.

# This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the broker to cover margin requirements for futures contracts at the close of the reporting period.

## This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the custodian for collateral on certain derivatives contracts at the close of the reporting period.

e See Note 6 to the financial statements regarding investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund. The rate quoted in the security description is the annualized 7-day yield of the fund at the close of the reporting period.

F Is valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. Securities may be classified as Level 2 or Level 3 for Accounting Standards Codification ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820) based on the securities’ valuation inputs.

R Real Estate Investment Trust.

TR Maturity value of a term repurchase agreement will equal the principal amount of the repurchase agreement plus interest.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund maintained liquid assets totaling $128,922,853 to cover certain derivatives contracts.

Debt obligations are considered secured unless otherwise indicated.

144A after the name of an issuer represents securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers.

See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding TBA’s.

The rates shown on FRB and FRN are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

IFB are securities that pay interest rates that vary inversely to changes in the market interest rates. As interest rates rise, inverse floaters produce less current income. The rates shown are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

The dates shown on debt obligations are the original maturity dates.

FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $3,939,308)

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           

  Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  $5,155  $4,703  $(452) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  269,929  260,418  9,511 

  Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  2,307  2,195  112 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  68,622  66,130  2,492 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  9,161  9,340  179 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  18,720  17,674  1,046 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  29,625  28,440  (1,185) 

 

44



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $3,939,308) cont.

          Unrealized 
  Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty   Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC           

Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  $407,585  $371,885  $(35,700) 

British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  309,639  298,594  (11,045) 

Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  13,038  12,412  626 

Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  72,241  69,328  2,913 

Citibank, N.A.           

Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  7,680  7,002  678 

British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  19,614  17,882  (1,732) 

Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  12,536  11,929  607 

Euro  Buy  11/16/11  6,918  6,664  254 

Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  2,339  2,384  (45) 

Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  342  328  14 

Credit Suisse AG           

Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,789  1,630  (159) 

British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  362,531  349,227  (13,304) 

Euro  Buy  11/16/11  193,691  186,028  7,663 

Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  9,812  9,286  (526) 

Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  64,151  61,513  (2,638) 

Deutsche Bank AG           

Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  3,577  3,260  (317) 

British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  166,555  160,645  (5,910) 

Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  11,534  10,981  (553) 

Euro  Sell  11/16/11  28,223  27,190  (1,033) 

Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  9,199  8,703  496 

Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  31,335  30,062  (1,273) 

Goldman Sachs International           

Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  7,891  7,194  (697) 

British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  33,600  32,410  1,190 

Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  5,416  5,152  (264) 

Euro  Buy  11/16/11  200,331  193,060  7,271 

South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  40,165  39,521  (644) 

Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  21,894  20,747  1,147 

Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  24,384  23,388  (996) 

HSBC Bank USA, National Association         

British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  213,178  205,420  7,758 

Euro  Buy  11/16/11  10,100  9,722  378 

Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  2,993  3,053  (60) 

Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  55,833  53,544  2,289 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.           

Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,841  3,204  363 

British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  161  155  (6) 

Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  169,092  161,068  (8,024) 

Euro  Buy  11/16/11  36,109  34,789  1,320 

Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  948  964  16 

Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  47,971  46,021  (1,950) 

 

45



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $3,939,308) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The)           

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  $4,180  $4,031  $(149) 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  30,022  28,915  1,107 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  33,378  31,559  1,819 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  227,888  218,675  (9,213) 

State Street Bank and Trust Co.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  158,026  144,061  13,965 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  4,704  4,533  171 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  3,554  3,623  (69) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  71,050  69,969  1,081 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  18,398  17,438  960 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  52,072  49,948  2,124 

UBS AG             

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  128,936  124,406  4,530 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  20,058  19,081  (977) 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  101,688  98,003  3,685 

Westpac Banking Corp.           

  Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,683  1,534  (149) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  136,974  132,126  4,848 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  84,532  81,454  3,078 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  1,903  1,940  (37) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  34,573  32,767  (1,806) 

Total            $(15,222) 

 

FUTURES CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

 

        Unrealized 
  Number of    Expiration  appreciation/ 
  contracts  Value  date  (depreciation) 

Australian Government         
Treasury Bond 10 yr (Long)  3  $354,753  Dec-11  $(3,786) 

Canadian Government Bond         
10 yr (Long)  6  792,616  Dec-11  1,660 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  6  1,716,984  Dec-11  (19,936) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  15  4,295,895  Jun-12  (54,363) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  15  4,295,895  Dec-12  (61,268) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  15  4,294,608  Mar-12  (37,391) 

Japanese Government Bond         
10 yr (Short)  1  1,819,882  Dec-11  3,549 

Japanese Government Bond         
10 yr Mini (Short)  7  1,275,173  Dec-11  1,220 

U.S. Treasury Bond 30 yr (Long)  89  13,561,375  Dec-11  863,823 

U.S. Treasury Bond 30 yr (Short)  43  5,978,344  Dec-11  (7,991) 

U.S. Treasury Note 10 yr (Short)  267  34,459,688  Dec-11  83,532 

Total        $769,049 

 

46



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202)

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  $6,747,076  Aug-16/4.28  $731,585 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  1,481,037  Aug-16/4.35  166,218 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  5,404,500  Jan-12/4.72  1,139,755 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  6,747,076  Aug-16/4.28  351,455 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  5,404,500  Jan-12/4.72  54 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  1,481,037  Aug-16/5.35  45,653 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  5,287,124  Dec-11/2.28  235,013 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.4275  101,080 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  10,135,800  Aug-12/2.73  434,623 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  12,330,841  Aug-16/3.625  918,031 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  1,979,672  Aug-16/4.17  118,925 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,343,726  Jul-14/4.19  155,337 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  1,612,471  Aug-14/4.20  187,090 

 

47



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  $537,490  Jul-14/4.34  $67,318 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,343,726  Jul-14/4.35  169,185 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,343,729  Jul-14/4.3725  171,514 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.39%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  2,958,171  Jun-16/4.39  200,812 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  2,174,629  Jul-16/4.67  279,749 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  2,609,555  Aug-16/4.68  337,131 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  6,793,157  May-16/4.745  543,765 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  2,174,629  Jul-16/4.80  296,626 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  869,852  Jul-16/4.80  118,648 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  2,174,629  Jul-16/4.815  298,614 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  5,287,124  Dec-11/2.28  476 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA August 2022.  10,135,800  Aug-12/2.73  303,770 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  12,330,841  Aug-16/3.625  892,013 

 

48



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  $1,979,672  Aug-16/4.17  $57,331 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,343,726  Jul-14/4.19  43,264 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  1,612,471  Aug-14/4.20  51,873 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  537,490  Jul-14/4.34  15,734 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,343,726  Jul-14/4.35  39,086 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,343,729  Jul-14/4.3725  38,397 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  2,174,629  Jul-16/4.67  93,031 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  2,609,555  Aug-16/4.68  111,167 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  6,793,157  May-16/4.745  143,404 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  2,174,629  Jul-16/4.80  87,137 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  869,852  Jul-16/4.80  34,803 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  2,174,629  Jul-16/4.815  86,311 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclay’s Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.89%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  2,958,171  Jun-16/4.89  59,412 

 

49



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.225%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  $2,650,276  Dec-11/2.225  $111,921 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.4275  101,080 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4475% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2022.  3,361,000  Jan-12/2.4475  75,118 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.5625% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing October 2021.  2,472,000  Oct-16/2.5625  52,876 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.6075% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  4,083,000  Jul-12/2.6075  148,417 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.11% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  3,625,739  May-16/4.11  214,386 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  3,006,194  Jun-16/4.12  178,658 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.86% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2026.  1,738,940  Jun-16/4.86  244,196 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.225%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  2,650,276  Dec-11/2.225  159 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.11% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  3,625,739  May-16/5.11  66,206 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  3,006,194  Jun-16/5.12  54,803 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.86% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2026.  1,738,940  Jun-16/5.86  41,912 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.4275  101,080 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.6075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  4,083,000  Jul-12/2.6075  148,417 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  11,940,600  Aug-12/2.855  595,955 

 

50



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
3.51625% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  $7,176  Nov-11/3.51625  $793 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  4,448,392  May-16/4.7575  357,989 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  16,982,891  May-16/4.77  1,374,018 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  11,940,600  Aug-12/2.855  308,665 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.01625% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  7,176  Nov-11/4.01625   

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  4,448,392  May-16/4.7575  93,385 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  16,982,891  May-16/4.77  354,603 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.4275  101,080 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.498% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.498  114,520 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.7975%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
October 2021.  989,000  Oct-16/2.7975  25,338 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 3.33%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  7,876,393  Dec-11/3.33  689,577 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.60% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  3,552,121  May-16/4.60  265,638 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.765% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing May 2021.  6,400,199  May-16/4.765  515,888 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 3.33%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  7,876,393  Dec-11/3.33  4,330 

 

51



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.60% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  $3,552,121  May-16/4.60  $80,988 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.765%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  6,400,199  May-16/4.765  134,507 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  1,292,816  Nov-11/1.26  2,909 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  5,616,862  Dec-11/1.29  23,422 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.4275  101,080 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.46325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  3,361,000  Jan-12/2.46325  77,471 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.498% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.498  114,520 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.52% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  762,000  Jan-12/2.52  20,589 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.60% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  797,000  Apr-12/2.60  27,664 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.61875% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  4,083,000  Jul-12/2.61875  150,663 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.6825% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  579,000  Jul-12/2.6825  23,374 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  3,569,888  May-16/4.36  238,925 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  1,292,816  Nov-11/1.26  7,641 

 

52



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  $5,616,862  Dec-11/1.29  $44,205 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.86% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  3,569,888  May-16/4.86  72,447 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  3,930,000  Apr-12/2.4275  101,080 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.453% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  3,361,000  Jan-12/2.453  76,093 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.04%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
September 2025.  4,829,800  Sep-15/4.04  468,375 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.29%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,337,383  Jul-14/4.29  163,458 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  2,517,014  Jul-14/4.36  319,175 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  4,204,800  Aug-15/4.375  1,042,639 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.46%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2045.  4,204,800  Aug-15/4.46  1,090,069 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  2,939,389  Jun-16/4.575  217,338 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.74%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  2,164,363  Jul-16/4.74  287,631 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.79%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  4,073,428  Jul-16/4.79  553,787 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  9,007,500  Jan-12/4.80  1,967,058 

 

53



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  $1,348,204  Jun-16/4.815  $186,076 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  189,400  Apr-12/4.8675  41,016 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 5.27%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  91,380  Feb-15/5.27  16,602 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.04% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2025.  4,829,800  Sep-15/4.04  243,084 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  1,337,383  Jul-14/4.29  40,092 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  2,517,014  Jul-14/4.36  72,241 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  4,204,800  Aug-15/4.375  304,890 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.46% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  4,204,800  Aug-15/4.46  286,936 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  2,939,389  Jun-16/4.575  68,076 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.74% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  2,164,363  Jul-16/4.74  88,999 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.79% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  4,073,428  Jul-16/4.79  163,589 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.80% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  9,007,500  Jan-12/4.80  153 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  1,348,204  Jun-16/4.815  52,351 

 

54



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $19,503,202) cont.

    Contract  Expiration date/ 
    amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase         
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate         
of 4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA         
maturing April 2022.    $189,400  Apr-12/4.8675  $32 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase         
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of         
5.27% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA         
maturing February 2025.    91,380  Feb-15/5.27  1,933 

Option on an interest rate swap with UBS AG for the         
obligation to pay a fixed rate of 0.722% versus the six         
month CHF-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2014.  CHF  2,290,000  Jan-12/0.722  30,946 

Total        $24,470,522 

 

TBA SALE COMMITMENTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (proceeds receivable $2,025,391)

 

  Principal  Settlement   
Agency  amount  date  Value 

Federal National Mortgage Association, 3 1/2s,       
November 1, 2041  $2,000,000  11/14/11  $2,033,594 

Total      $2,033,594 

 

INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

 

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
  $7,788,000  $—  9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.45%  $(14,565) 

  8,259,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (6,233) 

  1,110,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.1825%  (12,041) 

  8,518,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.54875%  (110) 

  10,418,000    10/5/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.597%  9,563 

  1,023,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (12,385) 

  4,711,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.3%  (5,231) 

  1,913,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.245%  (11,767) 

  1,674,000    8/2/21  2.97236%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (111,961) 

  3,598,000    10/14/26  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.74%  10,555 

  4,278,000    8/9/13  0.553%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,853) 

AUD  830,000    4/18/21  6.10%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (66,799) 

 

55



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A. cont.         
CAD  534,000  $—  9/14/21  2.4075%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  $8,081 

CAD  629,000    10/6/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.445%  (8,290) 

CAD  930,000    10/31/21  2.64%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  (2,414) 

EUR  5,000,000    6/14/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.711561%  132,800 

GBP  251,000    10/11/21  2.76%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,656) 

JPY  305,000,000    9/21/21  0.98375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  10,576 

JPY  114,000,000    10/6/21  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.98625%  (4,625) 

JPY  121,000,000    10/13/21  0.9925%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  6,303 

Barclays Bank PLC           
  $877,000    9/15/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  8,907 

  3,183,000    9/15/13  0.5275%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  825 

  5,724,500    9/19/20  2.12%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  18,232 

  8,884,500    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.51%  (5,627) 

  1,669,500    9/19/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.035%  27,801 

  4,254,000    9/20/20  2.136%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  8,071 

  6,502,700    9/21/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (6,595) 

  13,983,800    9/22/13  0.4775%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  18,558 

  4,193,000    9/22/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (43,828) 

  1,327,000    9/22/41  2.975%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (5,545) 

  8,259,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  (6,490) 

  8,857,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (5,061) 

  219,000    9/28/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.041%  (5,193) 

  34,332,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.511043%  (24,862) 

  105,412,500  19,878  6/17/13  0.64%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (355,802) 

 

56



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$2,060,000  $—  9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.857%  $(41,973) 

1,347,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.155%  (17,981) 

12,635,000    9/30/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.53%  (4,438) 

2,023,000    9/30/21  2.165%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  25,193 

5,954,000    9/30/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.25625%  (1,464) 

691,000    10/3/41  2.8175%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  19,872 

11,666,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.543%  (1,487) 

1,033,000    10/6/21  1.999%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  29,169 

13,218,000    6/28/13  0.628%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (42,470) 

300,000    6/29/13  0.64625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,076) 

4,590,000    6/29/13  0.6425%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (16,123) 

3,400,000    6/30/13  0.66%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (13,126) 

641,000 E    4/11/22  2.265%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  12,179 

7,378,650    10/7/18  1.73%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  41,860 

8,415,000    10/7/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.636%  (14,033) 

15,091,000    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.11%  (273,898) 

636,000    10/7/41  2.668%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  37,847 

904,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (3,960) 

1,615,000    10/24/13  0.648%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (2,768) 

1,618,000    10/24/21  2.363%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (5,739) 

1,494,000    10/25/21  2.385%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (8,211) 

4,580,000    10/27/13  0.64625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (7,480) 

26,709,000    7/12/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7225%  132,706 

13,051,000    7/13/13  0.645%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (44,572) 

 

57



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$8,702,000  $—  7/20/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.66%  $31,808 

5,621,920  (86,578)  9/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.14%  350,175 

6,663,016  (126,930)  10/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.17%  390,818 

6,341,600  8,176  3/30/31  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  4.17%  1,308,731 

8,832,000    7/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.635%  27,231 

4,770,000    8/2/13  0.6425%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (12,176) 

2,433,000    8/3/13  0.5875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (3,511) 

6,353,000    8/5/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.576%  7,498 

7,650,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (9,431) 

290,000    10/28/21  2.329%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  22 

1,026,000    10/28/41  2.9525%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  3,486 

19,491,300    10/31/17  1.74%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (162,326) 

16,983,600    10/31/16  1.44%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (112,569) 

1,168,000    10/31/21  2.5575%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (24,549) 

1,889,000    10/31/21  2.55%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (38,400) 

963,000    10/31/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.2025%  46,184 

1,612,000    11/1/21  2.54%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (30,805) 

2,824,000    11/1/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.205%  135,326 

25,750,000    11/2/41  3.025%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (289,945) 

762,000    11/2/41  3.052%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (12,764) 

23,413,000    8/17/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.45%  (34,437) 

4,436,000    8/17/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.343%  364,488 

6,334,800  6,313  8/17/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.22%  12,597 

43,957,839    8/18/13  0.439%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  74,723 

 

58



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
  $76,478,549 E  $—  3/21/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.44125%  $(93,304) 

  2,634,000    8/31/21  2.348%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (18,826) 

  2,130,000  (12,194)  9/8/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.14%  82,414 

  9,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (113,182) 

  10,082,000    8/31/13  0.509%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  4,311 

  3,763,000    9/6/20  2.231%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (27,223) 

  612,000    9/6/41  3.2375%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (36,115) 

  5,545,000    9/6/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (4,723) 

  16,130,000    9/6/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.48875%  (14,799) 

  4,353,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.17%  (44,308) 

  4,353,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (40,283) 

  393,000    9/8/21  2.186%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  3,421 

  22,852,000    9/8/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.52875%  (3,542) 

  800,000    9/8/41  2.958%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,417) 

  2,142,000    9/12/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  21,339 

  9,098,000    9/12/13  0.497%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  7,382 

  4,808,000    9/12/13  0.5%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  3,641 

  493,000    9/12/41  3.012%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (6,163) 

  4,020,000    9/12/21  2.178%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  39,409 

  1,419,000    9/13/13  0.52%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  520 

  1,938,000    9/13/21  2.145%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  24,981 

  214,000    9/13/41  2.975%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,044) 

AUD  1,680,000    10/13/21  5.0575%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  6,405 

AUD  2,770,000    3/21/16  5.57%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (116,341) 

 

59



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
AUD  2,100,000  $—  3/21/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  5.88%  $136,897 

AUD  1,230,000    4/21/21  6.0675%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (96,218) 

EUR  9,160,000    6/15/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.67%  232,295 

EUR  11,450,000    6/15/13  1.95%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (269,853) 

EUR  1,024,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.532%  (3,841) 

EUR  340,000    10/4/21  2.542%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  1,008 

EUR  822,000    10/12/21  2.675%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (10,475) 

EUR  1,570,000    10/14/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.73%  30,312 

GBP  1,525,000    9/26/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.54%  (29,632) 

GBP  361,000    10/3/21  2.5675%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  5,879 

GBP  910,000    8/8/21  2.9785%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (45,582) 

GBP  412,000    8/15/31  3.6%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (41,789) 

GBP  1,380,000 E    2/3/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.86%  122,816 

Citibank, N.A.           
  $3,000    9/23/13  0.459%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  5 

  572,000    9/23/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.136%  (8,334) 

  8,766,000    9/30/18  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.73625%  (39,294) 

  13,415,000    10/3/13  0.55625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,769) 

  10,808,000    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.04%  (119,570) 

  9,766,750    10/3/21  2.159%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  130,294 

  583,000    10/3/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.804%  (18,370) 

  363,000 E    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.0625%  (6,639) 

 

60



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A. cont.           
  $904,000 E  $—  4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  $(3,960) 

  1,671,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  7,994 

  3,921,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (4,834) 

  4,278,000    8/9/13  0.5525%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,886) 

  14,935,900  (31,019)  8/25/20  2.1%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  8,844 

  17,590,500  45,087  8/25/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.24%  191 

SEK  3,459,000    10/3/21  2.555%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  2,977 

SEK  3,511,000    10/4/21  2.5%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  5,608 

SEK  10,684,000    7/8/16  3.275%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (83,376) 

SEK  11,495,000    7/11/16  3.2825%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (89,985) 

Credit Suisse International         
  $813,000    9/16/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.20375%  (6,318) 

  23,026,000    9/20/13  0.52125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  9,814 

  8,688,100    9/21/13  0.5%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  7,523 

  650,000    9/22/21  2.15125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  8,504 

  4,654,000    9/29/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.52375%  (2,230) 

  15,131,200    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.055%  (148,459) 

  13,673,450    10/3/21  2.172%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  166,138 

  20,657,300  47,354  3/14/41  4.36%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (5,844,211) 

  14,800,000 E    3/21/13  1.15625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (87,024) 

  6,084,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.65375%  12,016 

  904,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (3,960) 

  9,828,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.68%  24,468 

  633,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  3,028 

 

61



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse International cont.         
  $64,439,200  $(13,184)  2/24/15  2.04%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(2,831,850) 

  5,935,000    10/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.65%  9,960 

  18,932,000    11/1/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.63%  24,233 

  2,313,000    11/2/13  0.5825%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (740) 

  5,774,000    11/2/13  0.56%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  751 

  5,098,000    8/8/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.57375%  5,642 

  4,278,000    8/9/13  0.5525%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,886) 

  334,000    8/18/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.3688%  29,175 

  1,651,000    8/18/13  0.4385%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  2,825 

  389,000    8/24/41  3.0775%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (10,618) 

  149,000    8/26/21  2.362%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,277) 

  11,911,700    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.493%  (8,984) 

  7,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (88,030) 

  4,353,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.17%  (44,308) 

  1,533,000    9/14/41  2.944%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  2,366 

  1,044,000    9/14/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.53875%  (14) 

  84,817,400  6,048  5/27/13  0.72%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (447,874) 

CHF  2,096,000    9/28/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.405%  (16,036) 

CHF  574,000    10/5/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.44%  (2,146) 

CHF  330,000    10/7/21  1.465%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  349 

CHF  447,000    10/10/21  1.45%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,329 

CHF  530,000    10/14/21  1.535%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,940) 

GBP  740,000    10/12/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.7875%  10,681 

GBP  910,000    8/15/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.91%  35,747 

 

62



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG           
$1,113,000  $—  9/14/21  2.145%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $14,443 

1,351,000    9/14/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.95%  (426) 

3,842,000    9/19/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.6625%  (2,065) 

7,656,000    9/27/18  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.515%  (146,608) 

8,857,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (5,061) 

60,000    9/29/21  2.165%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  746 

1,110,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.1875%  (11,537) 

17,292,800    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.034%  (200,039) 

15,626,800    10/3/21  2.153%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  217,137 

1,419,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.56125%  312 

883,000    10/4/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7175%  563 

32,794,560    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.792%  92,304 

26,854,050    10/7/16  1.3045%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (43,323) 

11,669,760    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.532%  (24,215) 

184,000 E    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.0475%  (3,485) 

21,863,040    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.787%  58,271 

17,902,700    10/7/16  1.30125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (25,979) 

7,779,840    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.529%  (17,560) 

7,898,250    10/7/16  1.303%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (12,102) 

9,018,350    10/7/18  1.7265%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  53,257 

904,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (3,960) 

734,000 E    4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  1,409 

1,354,000    10/14/41  2.94375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  5,240 

7,608,000    10/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.6505%  12,843 

 

63



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
  $787,000  $—  11/1/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.21%  $38,516 

  20,978,200  11,196  7/18/14  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.96%  235,228 

  18,348,000    7/27/13  0.6325%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (55,831) 

  4,278,000    8/9/13  0.5525%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,886) 

  2,381,000    11/2/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (7,191) 

  3,507,900    8/24/16  1.23%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (3,466) 

  5,886,600    8/24/21  2.271%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,328) 

  3,780,300    8/24/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.081%  105,897 

  25,038,900    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (11,829) 

  12,690,200    8/30/21  2.4075%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (157,032) 

  5,377,400    8/30/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.2425%  326,440 

  7,755,500    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (5,856) 

  7,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (88,030) 

  1,042,200    9/12/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5%  (789) 

  3,967,300    9/12/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.2125%  (26,328) 

  2,030,800    9/12/41  3.065%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (47,366) 

  425,000    9/14/16  1.175%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,340 

  3,229,328  (103,339)  8/25/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.09%  652,807 

EUR  3,420,000    12/23/20  3.325%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (421,533) 

KRW   1,079,000,000    8/16/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.42%  (5,333) 

KRW   1,077,000,000    5/9/16  4.115%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (24,763) 

KRW  1,077,000,000    4/22/16  4.135%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (24,324) 

 

64



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
KRW 1,068,000,000  $—  4/29/16  4.14%  3 month KRW-   
        CD-KSDA-   
        BLOOMBERG  $(24,311) 

Goldman Sachs International         
$5,724,500    9/19/20  2.13375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  11,672 

8,884,500    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.515%  (4,775) 

1,669,500    9/19/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.05%  32,906 

247,000    9/20/41  3.065%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (5,604) 

6,344,900    9/21/13  0.5%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  5,494 

875,000    9/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.188%  (8,426) 

10,148,200    9/22/13  0.478%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  13,361 

6,797,000    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.4525%  (12,422) 

6,654,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  (5,229) 

5,658,000    9/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.93875%  (186,449) 

9,780,394  (355,517)  9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.99%  1,704,056 

2,350,000    9/28/41  2.69625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  124,764 

9,882,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5125%  (6,945) 

100,000    9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.87%  (1,772) 

1,251,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.15125%  (17,117) 

1,441,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.558%  251 

15,968,000    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7775%  38,067 

2,319,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.16%  (32,323) 

904,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (3,959) 

42,961,600  (18,263)  7/20/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.79%  1,332,259 

734,000 E    4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  1,409 

1,697,000    10/14/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3745%  9,301 

 

65



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
$891,000  $—  10/17/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $(3,851) 

4,565,000    10/17/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65375%  8,702 

3,181,000    10/18/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65875%  6,558 

4,210,000    10/18/21  2.40125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (34,954) 

7,115,000    10/21/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.632%  10,173 

408,000    10/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.36%  1,448 

53,000    10/21/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.94125%  (260) 

2,022,000    7/21/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.665%  7,565 

4,743,000    7/25/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65625%  16,736 

13,318,000    7/25/13  0.65625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (46,995) 

16,443,900 E    3/19/13  1.09375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (86,495) 

14,206,000    7/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.63%  42,653 

8,126,000    7/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.61875%  22,438 

3,389,900    10/25/21  2.39625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (22,163) 

2,234,000    10/26/13  0.64875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (3,798) 

1,792,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3825%  9,284 

2,048,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.005%  15,723 

189,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.415%  1,541 

721,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.0375%  10,297 

137,000    10/27/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.435%  1,357 

452,000    10/31/41  3.10275%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (12,501) 

6,843,000    8/4/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  .58875%  9,916 

1,030,000    8/18/21  2.3425%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (7,725) 

3,150,000    8/24/16  1.235%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (3,897) 

 

66



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
  $2,390,000  $—  8/24/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.2625%  $(933) 

  100,000    8/24/41  3.075%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,678) 

  4,146,000    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.48375%  (3,947) 

  7,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (88,030) 

  5,683,000    9/1/20  2.225%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (41,012) 

  585,000    9/1/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4975%  (417) 

  182,000    9/1/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.195%  9,232 

  869,000    9/6/21  2.2575%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,734 

  3,628,000    9/13/13  0.52125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,215 

  1,610,000    9/13/41  3.023%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (23,620) 

  1,443,000    9/13/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.16625%  (15,789) 

EUR  3,960,000    6/21/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.632%  115,820 

EUR  1,500,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (4,159) 

EUR  3,400,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (9,427) 

EUR  330,000    10/6/21  2.439%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  5,223 

EUR  6,670,000    5/26/13  2.224%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (123,580) 

GBP  781,000 E    9/22/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.06%  6,819 

GBP  412,000    9/23/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.1175%  (8,747) 

GBP  741,000 E    9/23/31  3.99%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,287) 

GBP  287,000    10/6/21  2.525%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  6,958 

GBP  710,000 E    8/9/31  4.605%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (44,865) 

 

67



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
GBP  710,000 E  $—  8/10/31  4.5175%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(38,609) 

KRW  2,056,000,000    9/19/16  3.395%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  12,289 

KRW  2,991,000,000    7/11/16  4.035%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (58,866) 

KRW   1,032,000,000    4/21/16  4.12%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (22,757) 

KRW  2,394,020,000    8/2/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.845%  30,516 

SEK  2,610,000    9/9/21  2.65%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (1,146) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.         
  $2,475,300    3/9/26  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.07%  431,180 

  29,700,000 E    3/21/13  1.1685%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (178,200) 

  14,800,000 E    3/22/13  1.185%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (91,316) 

  8,857,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (5,061) 

  17,300,000    7/11/13  0.715%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (83,500) 

  3,298,000    7/19/21  3.074%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (257,650) 

  2,598,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (28,726) 

  1,100,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.203%  (9,868) 

  2,071,000    10/3/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.184%  (22,887) 

  933,000    10/4/41  2.75%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  39,726 

  4,121,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.58%  2,447 

  1,787,000    10/7/21  2.068%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  39,310 

  973,000    10/11/21  2.2395%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  6,474 

  904,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (3,960) 

  3,910,000    10/14/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.677%  9,342 

 

68



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 


JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
  $1,038,000  $—  10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  $4,966 

  4,256,200    10/19/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.387%  26,385 

  10,785,000    10/28/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.65%  17,826 

  442,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.396%  2,675 

  1,143,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.351%  2,209 

  452,000    10/31/41  3.235%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (24,669) 

  2,253,400    11/1/21  2.445%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (23,458) 

  27,272,000    11/2/13  0.5925%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (14,181) 

  8,587,000    8/19/13  0.4475%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  13,166 

  1,574,000    8/19/41  3.299%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (114,902) 

  1,452,000    8/23/41  3.088%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (42,883) 

  16,732,000    8/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.485%  (13,939) 

  861,000    8/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4225%  11,838 

  6,204,400    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5%  (3,801) 

  440,000    9/2/13  0.486%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  418 

  345,000    9/2/41  3.187%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (16,908) 

  4,747,000    9/2/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.35%  32,593 

  8,238,000    9/14/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.124%  (122,781) 

  2,715,000    9/14/13  0.535%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  241 

  9,550,000    9/14/21  2.1575%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  112,981 

  1,105,000    9/15/41  2.984%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (7,226) 

  2,483,000    9/19/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.266%  (5,822) 

  2,258,000    9/19/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.231%  (1,721) 

CAD  1,930,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  33,038 

 

69



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
CAD  3,230,000  $—  9/21/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.3911%  $(55,292) 

CAD  590,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  10,099 

CAD  810,000    9/27/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.415%  (12,426) 

CAD  882,000    10/7/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.5125%  (6,397) 

CAD  940,000    10/14/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.6575%  5,037 

EUR  9,160,000    6/13/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.74%  250,602 

EUR  9,160,000    6/13/13  1.9865%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (224,529) 

GBP  385,000    10/14/21  2.812%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (6,818) 

JPY  92,000,000    2/22/21  1.36375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (47,884) 

JPY  193,710,000    5/25/15  0.674375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (28,561) 

JPY  193,170,000    9/16/15  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.59125%  18,443 

JPY  8,800,000 E    7/28/29  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.67%  3,090 

JPY  11,800,000 E    7/28/39  2.40%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,304) 

JPY  114,000,000    9/12/21  1.02375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,547) 

UBS, AG           
AUD  1,793,000    9/27/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  4.79%  (45,161) 

AUD  1,602,000    9/27/16  4.46%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  15,031 

CHF  9,043,000    5/23/13  0.7625%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (130,732) 

Total            $(5,859,138) 

 

E See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding extended effective dates.

70



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
$2,526,221  $(7,105)  1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  $4,895 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

Barclays Bank PLC           
2,195,575    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  13,478 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,262,007    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  47,853 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

4,910,277    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (14,562) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

3,209,778    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  22,548 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,416,408    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  15,084 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

13,434,808    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (39,843) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

8,327,445    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  51,982 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

1,704,697    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  10,641 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

10,986,351    1/12/208  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (32,582) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

7,954,116    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  49,651 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

3,293,550    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  16,268 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

 

71



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$384,709  $—  1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  $1,706 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

800,000    4/7/16  (2.63%)  USA Non Revised  (14,430) 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban   
        (CPI-U)   

2,526,221  48,550  1/12/40  (5.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  36,899 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

752,650    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  6,845 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,454,144    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (7,278) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

3,359,908    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  16,596 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,275,662    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  13,970 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,827,507    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  36,377 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

443,895    1/12/41  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  3,002 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

185,597    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  1,304 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

600,914    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  4,221 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

435,628    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  3,060 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

 

72



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$4,508,073  $—  1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  $13,884 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Ginnie Mae II 
        pools   

Citibank, N.A.           
605,167    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  3,778 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

7,540,843    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  50,367 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

Credit Suisse International         
869,105    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  5,805 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,274,725    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (6,746) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

Deutsche Bank AG           
2,189,541    1/12/39  (6.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  18,429 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,274,725    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (6,746) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

Goldman Sachs International         
460,000    3/1/16  2.47%  USA Non Revised  3,712 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban   
        (CPI-U)   

345,000    3/3/16  2.45%  USA Non Revised  2,439 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban   
        (CPI-U)   

5,403,890    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  33,732 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,245,231    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  47,700 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

 

73



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
EUR  2,294,000  $—  10/18/13  (1.7775%)  Eurostat Eurozone  $(5,745) 
          HICP excluding   
          tobacco   

Total            $408,294 

 

CREDIT DEFAULT CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

 

    Upfront      Fixed payments   
    premium    Termi-  received   
Swap counterparty /    received  Notional  nation  (paid) by fund  Unrealized 
Referenced debt*  Rating***  (paid)**  amount  date  per annum  appreciation 


Credit Suisse International           
Bonos Y Oblig Del             
Estado, 5 1/2%,             
7/30/17    $(1,514)  $170,000  12/20/19   (100 bp)  $23,097 

Deutsche Bank AG             
France, Gov’t of,             
4.25%, 04/25/2019    1,870  2,000,000  6/20/15  (100 bp)  36,283 

Total            $59,380 

 

* Payments related to the referenced debt are made upon a credit default event.

** Upfront premium is based on the difference between the original spread on issue and the market spread on day of execution.

*** Ratings are presented for credit default contracts in which the fund has sold protection on the underlying referenced debt. Ratings for an underlying index represent the average of the ratings of all the securities included in that index.

74



ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.

Level 2 — Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:

    Valuation inputs  

Investments in securities:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Asset-backed securities  $—  $19,672,555  $— 

Corporate bonds and notes    32,238,998   

Foreign government bonds and notes    2,369,265   

Mortgage-backed securities    103,990,607  582,141 

Purchased options outstanding    11,299,980   

U.S. Government Agency Obligations    705,234   

U.S. Government and Agency Mortgage Obligations    62,448,956   

U.S. Treasury Obligations    58,756   

Short-term investments  4,289,742  249,806,907   

Totals by level  $4,289,742  $482,591,258  $582,141 
 
    Valuation inputs  

Other financial instruments:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Forward currency contracts  $—  $(15,222)  $— 

Futures contracts  769,049     

Written options    (24,470,522)   

TBA sale commitments    (2,033,594)   

Interest rate swap contracts    (5,256,166)   

Total return swap contracts    366,849   

Credit default contracts    59,024   

Totals by level  $769,049  $(31,349,631)  $— 

 

At the start and/or close of the reporting period, Level 3 investments in securities were not considered a significant portion of the fund’s portfolio.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

75



Statement of assets and liabilities 10/31/11

ASSETS   

Investment in securities, at value, including of securities on loan (Note 1):   
Unaffiliated issuers (identified cost $481,843,592)  $483,173,399 
Affiliated issuers (identified cost $4,289,742) (Notes 1 and 6)  4,289,742 

Cash  438,271 

Foreign currency (cost $1,169) (Note 1)  1,152 

Interest and other receivables  208,352 

Receivable for shares of the fund sold  1,202,675 

Receivable for investments sold  10,587,631 

Unrealized appreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  11,674,890 

Unrealized appreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  85,691 

Receivable from Manager (Note 2)  37,710 

Premium paid on swap contracts (Note 1)  755,643 

Total assets  512,455,156 
 
LIABILITIES   

Payable for variation margin (Note 1)  15,783 

Payable for investments purchased  6,401,698 

Payable for purchases of delayed delivery securities (Note 1)  57,498,912 

Payable for shares of the fund repurchased  4,117,747 

Payable for investor servicing fees (Note 2)  47,232 

Payable for custodian fees (Note 2)  17,711 

Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  7,956 

Payable for administrative services (Note 2)  1,266 

Payable for distribution fees (Note 2)  329,657 

Unrealized depreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  100,913 

Interest payable for short sales (Note 1)  2,528 

Written options outstanding, at value (premiums received $19,503,202) (Notes 1 and 3)  24,470,522 

Premium received on swap contracts (Note 1)  194,472 

Unrealized depreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  17,066,354 

TBA sale commitments, at value (proceeds receivable $2,025,391) (Note 1)  2,033,594 

Total liabilities  112,306,345 
 
Net assets  $400,148,811 

 
REPRESENTED BY   

Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4)  $407,105,249 

Undistributed net investment income (Note 1)  4,093,378 

Accumulated net realized loss on investments and foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (2,774,749) 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies  (8,275,067) 

Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding  $400,148,811 

 

(Continued on next page)

76



Statement of assets and liabilities (Continued)

COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE   

Net asset value and redemption price per class A share   
($249,745,533 divided by 24,599,222 shares)  $10.15 

Offering price per class A share (100/99.00 of $10.15)*  $10.25 

Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($3,070,230 divided by 303,638 shares)**  $10.11 

Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($62,600,454 divided by 6,240,305 shares)**  $10.03 

Net asset value and redemption price per class M share ($3,576,454 divided by 352,994 shares)  $10.13 

Offering price per class M share (100/99.25 of $10.13)*  $10.21 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R share   
($316,591 divided by 31,380 shares)  $10.09 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class Y share   
($80,839,549 divided by 7,925,532 shares)  $10.20 

 

* On single retail sales of less than $500,000. On sales of $500,000 or more the offering price is reduced.

** Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

77



Statement of operations Year ended 10/31/11

INVESTMENT INCOME   

Interest (including interest income of $25,651 from investments in affiliated issuers) (Note 6)  $11,147,896 

Total investment income  11,147,896 
 
EXPENSES   

Compensation of Manager (Note 2)  1,879,268 

Investor servicing fees (Note 2)  515,459 

Custodian fees (Note 2)  59,420 

Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  21,906 

Administrative services (Note 2)  10,220 

Distribution fees — Class A (Note 2)  561,874 

Distribution fees — Class B (Note 2)  13,296 

Distribution fees — Class C (Note 2)  664,446 

Distribution fees — Class M (Note 2)  9,748 

Distribution fees — Class R (Note 2)  1,810 

Other  201,640 

Fees waived and reimbursed by Manager (Note 2)  (1,112,119) 

Total expenses  2,826,968 
 
Expense reduction (Note 2)  (949) 

Net expenses  2,826,019 
 
Net investment income  8,321,877 

 
Net realized gain on investments (Notes 1 and 3)  3,241,878 

Net realized loss on swap contracts (Note 1)  (7,734,233) 

Net realized loss on futures contracts (Note 1)  (2,262,405) 

Net realized loss on foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (10,416) 

Net realized gain on written options (Notes 1 and 3)  958,510 

Net unrealized depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies during the year  (4,283) 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments, futures contracts, swap contracts, written options,   
and TBA sale commitments during the year  (7,387,094) 

Net loss on investments  (13,198,043) 
 
Net decrease in net assets resulting from operations  $(4,876,166) 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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Statement of changes in net assets

INCREASE IN NET ASSETS  Year ended 10/31/11  Year ended 10/31/10 

Operations:     
Net investment income  $8,321,877  $4,646,098 

Net realized gain (loss) on investments     
and foreign currency transactions  (5,806,666)  366,399 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments and assets     
and liabilities in foreign currencies  (7,391,377)  (1,894,436) 

Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations  (4,876,166)  3,118,061 

Distributions to shareholders (Note 1):     
From ordinary income     
Net investment income     

Class A  (2,216,226)  (218,894) 

Class B  (25,047)   

Class C  (379,540)  (25,277) 

Class M  (36,496)  (3,043) 

Class R  (3,804)  (245) 

Class Y  (974,559)  (263,834) 

Net realized short-term gain on investments     

Class A  (88,648)   

Class B  (1,376)   

Class C  (33,293)   

Class M  (1,484)   

Class R  (167)   

Class Y  (33,839)   

From net realized long-term gain on investments     
Class A  (1,418,361)  (6,638) 

Class B  (22,019)  (198) 

Class C  (532,687)  (2,808) 

Class M  (23,737)  (98) 

Class R  (2,670)  (8) 

Class Y  (541,421)  (6,136) 

Redemption fees (Note 1)    3,600 

Increase from capital share transactions (Note 4)  94,869,839  179,115,781 

Total increase in net assets  83,658,299  181,710,263 
 
NET ASSETS     

Beginning of year  316,490,512  134,780,249 

End of year (including undistributed net investment income of     
$4,093,378 and $2,110,111, respectively)  $400,148,811  $316,490,512 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio  Ratio   
      Net realized      From            of expenses  of net investment   
  Net asset value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized        Total return  Net assets,  to average  income (loss)  Portfolio 
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss)  investment  net investment  gain  Total  Redemption  Net asset value,  at net asset  end of period  net assets  to average  turnover 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  on investments  operations  income  on investments  distributions  fees  end of period  value (%) b  (in thousands)  (%) c  net assets (%)  (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.44  .23  (.30)  (.07)  (.13)  (.09)  (.22)    $10.15  (.79)  $249,746  .67 d  2.27 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.32  .20  (.05)  .15  (.03)  e  (.03)  e  10.44  1.50  169,380  1.01  1.92  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .16  .16  .32  e    e  e  10.32  3.22*  57,719  1.03 *d  1.51 *d  44 * 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.39  .22  (.32)  (.10)  (.09)  (.09)  (.18)    $10.11  (1.03)  $3,070  .87 d  2.10 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.27  .16  (.04)  .12    e  e  e  10.39  1.18  3,070  1.35  1.58  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .11  .16  .27  e    e  e  10.27  2.71*  1,931  1.54 *d  1.03 *d  44 * 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.33  .16  (.31)  (.15)  (.06)  (.09)  (.15)    $10.03  (1.56)  $62,600  1.42 d  1.58 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.26  .12  (.04)  .08  (.01)  e  (.01)  e  10.33  .78  68,078  1.76  1.17  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .11  .15  .26  e    e  e  10.26  2.61*  20,426  1.67 *d  1.04 *d  44 * 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.42  .23  (.31)  (.08)  (.12)  (.09)  (.21)    $10.13  (.81)  $3,576  .72 d  2.22 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.31  .19  (.05)  .14  (.03)  e  (.03)  e  10.42  1.38  2,691  1.08  1.87  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .15  .16  .31  e    e  e  10.31  3.12*  850  1.16 *d  1.47 *d  44 * 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.39  .21  (.31)  (.10)  (.11)  (.09)  (.20)    $10.09  (1.00)  $317  .92 d  2.06 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.30  .18  (.06)  .12  (.03)  e  (.03)  e  10.39  1.20  302  1.26  1.71  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .11  .19  .30  e    e  e  10.30  3.02*  14  1.24 *d  1.10 *d  44 * 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.48  .26  (.31)  (.05)  (.14)  (.09)  (.23)    $10.20  (0.51)  $80,840  .42 d  2.55 d  186 f 
October 31, 2010  10.34  .23  (.05)  .18  (.04)  e  (.04)  e  10.48  1.78  72,970  .76  2.17  199 f 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .20  .14  .34  e    e  e  10.34  3.42*  53,840  .81 *d  1.87 *d  44 * 

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements (Note 2).

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts (Note 2):

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.29% 

October 31, 2009  0.44 

 

e Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

f Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

80  81 

 



Notes to financial statements 10/31/11

Note 1: Significant accounting policies

Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund (the fund) is a diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust (the Trust), a Massachusetts business trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as an open-end management investment company. The fund seeks to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 100 basis points (or 1.00%) as reflected by the return of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index, over a reasonable period of time regardless of market conditions or general market direction. The fund pursues its goal through a broadly diversified portfolio reflecting uncorrelated fixed income strategies designed to exploit market inefficiencies across global markets and fixed income sectors. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in securitized debt instruments, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed investments. The yields and values of these investments are sensitive to changes in interest rates, the rate of principal payments on the underlying assets and the market’s perception of the issuers. The market for these investments may be volatile and limited, which may make them difficult to sell or buy.

The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M, class R and class Y shares. Class A and class M shares are sold with a maximum front-end sales charge of 1.00% and 0.75%, respectively, and generally do not pay a contingent deferred sales charge. Class B shares, which convert to class A shares after approximately eight years, do not pay a front-end sales charge and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within two years of purchase (prior to August 5, 2010, the contingent deferred sales charge on Class B shares was applicable if they were sold within four years of purchase). Class C shares have a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge and do not convert to class A shares. Class R shares, which are not available to all investors, are sold at net asset value. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares may differ based on the distribution fee of each class, which is identified in Note 2. Class Y shares, which are sold at net asset value, are generally subject to the same expenses as class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, but do not bear a distribution fee. Class Y shares are not available to all investors.

Prior to April 5, 2010, the maximum front-end sales charge for class A and class M shares was 3.25% and 2.00%, respectively. Prior to April 5, 2010, class B shares were subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares were redeemed within four years of purchase.

Prior to August 2, 2010, a 1.00% redemption fee applied to certain shares that were redeemed (either by selling or exchanging into another fund) within 7 days of purchase. The redemption fee was accounted for as an addition to paid-in-capital. Effective August 2, 2010, the redemption fee no longer applies to shares redeemed.

Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. If the fund were liquidated, shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.

In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011.

A) Security valuation Market quotations are not considered to be readily available for certain debt obligations and other investments; such investments are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by an independent pricing service approved by the Trustees or dealers selected by Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management), the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC. Such services

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or dealers determine valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional traders, between securities (which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities and ratings). These securities will generally be categorized as Level 2. Securities quoted in foreign currencies, if any, are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate.

To the extent a pricing service or dealer is unable to value a security or provides a valuation that Putnam Management does not believe accurately reflects the security’s fair value, the security will be valued at fair value by Putnam Management. Certain investments, including certain restricted and illiquid securities and derivatives, are also valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. These valuations consider such factors as significant market or specific security events such as interest rate or credit quality changes, various relationships with other securities, discount rates, U.S. Treasury, U.S. swap and credit yields, index levels, convexity exposures and recovery rates. These securities are classified as Level 2 or as Level 3 depending on the priority of the significant inputs.

Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. Certain securities may be valued on the basis of a price provided by a single source. The fair value of securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a security in a current sale and does not reflect an actual market price, which may be different by a material amount.

B) Joint trading account Pursuant to an exemptive order from the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), the fund may transfer uninvested cash balances into a joint trading account along with the cash of other registered investment companies and certain other accounts managed by Putnam Management. These balances may be invested in issues of short-term investments having maturities of up to 90 days.

C) Repurchase agreements The fund, or any joint trading account, through its custodian, receives delivery of the underlying securities, the market value of which at the time of purchase is required to be in an amount at least equal to the resale price, including accrued interest. Collateral for certain tri-party repurchase agreements is held at the counterparty’s custodian in a segregated account for the benefit of the fund and the counterparty. Putnam Management is responsible for determining that the value of these underlying securities is at all times at least equal to the resale price, including accrued interest. In the event of default or bankruptcy by the other party to the agreement, retention of the collateral may be subject to legal proceedings.

D) Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (the date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis.

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. All premiums/discounts are amortized/accreted on a yield-to-maturity basis.

Securities purchased or sold on a delayed delivery basis may be settled a month or more after the trade date; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Losses may arise due to changes in the market value of the underlying securities or if the counterparty does not perform under the contract.

E) Stripped securities The fund may invest in stripped securities which represent a participation in securities that may be structured in classes with rights to receive different portions of the interest and principal. Interest-only securities receive all of the interest and principal-only securities receive all of the principal. If the interest-only securities experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, principal-only securities increase in value if prepayments are greater than anticipated and decline if prepayments are slower than anticipated. The market value of these securities is highly sensitive to changes in interest rates.

F) Foreign currency translation The accounting records of the fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. The market value of foreign securities, currency holdings, and other assets and liabilities is recorded in the books and records of the fund after translation to U.S. dollars based on the exchange rates on that day. The cost of each security is determined using historical exchange rates. Income and withholding taxes are translated at prevailing exchange rates when earned or incurred. The fund does not isolate that portion of realized or unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in the foreign exchange rate on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of the securities. Such gains and losses are included with the net realized and unrealized gain or loss on investments. Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions represent net realized exchange gains or losses on closed forward currency contracts, disposition of foreign currencies, currency gains and losses realized between

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the trade and settlement dates on securities transactions and the difference between the amount of investment income and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies arise from changes in the value of open forward currency contracts and assets and liabilities other than investments at the period end, resulting from changes in the exchange rate. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks, including those related to economic instability, unfavorable political developments, and currency fluctuations, not present with domestic investments. The fund may be subject to taxes imposed by governments of countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on either income or gains earned or repatriated. The fund accrues and applies such taxes to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized gains as income and/or capital gains are earned. In some cases, the fund may be entitled to reclaim all or a portion of such taxes, and such reclaim amounts, if any, are reflected as an asset on the fund’s books. In many cases, however, the fund may not receive such amounts for an extended period of time, depending on the country of investment.

G) Futures contracts The fund uses futures contracts to hedge interest rate risk and to gain exposure to interest rates. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. With futures, there is minimal counterparty credit risk to the fund since futures are exchange traded and the exchange’s clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange traded futures, guarantees the futures against default. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. When the contract is closed, the fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed.

Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices established by the exchange on which they trade. The fund and the broker agree to exchange an amount of cash equal to the daily fluctuation in the value of the futures contract. Such receipts or payments are known as “variation margin.” Futures contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average number of contracts of approximately 610 on futures contracts for the reporting period.

H) Options contracts The fund uses options contracts to hedge duration, convexity and prepayment risk, and to gain exposure to interest rates. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of options contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. Realized gains and losses on purchased options are included in realized gains and losses on investment securities. If a written call option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as an addition to sales proceeds. If a written put option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as a reduction to the cost of investments.

Exchange traded options are valued at the last sale price or, if no sales are reported, the last bid price for purchased options and the last ask price for written options. Options traded over-the-counter are valued using prices supplied by dealers. Written option contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. See Note 3 for the volume of written options contracts activity for the reporting period. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately 200,200,000 on purchased options contracts for the reporting period.

I) Forward currency contracts The fund buys and sells forward currency contracts, which are agreements between two parties to buy and sell currencies at a set price on a future date. These contracts are used to hedge foreign exchange risk. The U.S. dollar value of forward currency contracts is determined using current forward currency exchange rates supplied by a quotation service. The market value of the contract will fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. The fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed when the contract matures or by delivery of the currency. The fund could be exposed to risk if the value of the currency changes unfavorably, if the counterparties to the contracts are unable to meet the terms of their contracts or if the fund is unable to enter into a closing position. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Forward currency contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately $1,800,000 on forward currency contracts for the reporting period.

J) Total return swap contracts The fund entered into total return swap contracts, which are arrangements to exchange a market linked return for a periodic payment, both based on a notional principal amount to hedge sector

84



exposure, to manage exposure to specific sectors or industries, to gain exposure to specific sectors/industries, to gain exposure to rates of inflation in specific regions/countries and to hedge inflation in specific regions/countries. To the extent that the total return of the security, index or other financial measure underlying the transaction exceeds or falls short of the offsetting interest rate obligation, the fund will receive a payment from or make a payment to the counterparty. Total return swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or losses. Certain total return swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index, the possibility that there is no liquid market for these agreements or that the counterparty may default on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Total return swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. Outstanding notional amount on total return swap contracts at the close of the reporting period are indicative of the volume of activity during the reporting period.

K) Interest rate swap contracts The fund entered into interest rate swap contracts, which are arrangements between two parties to exchange cash flows based on a notional principal amount, to hedge interest rate risk and to gain exposure on interest rates. An interest rate swap can be purchased or sold with an upfront premium. An upfront payment received by the fund is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Upfront payments are recorded as realized gains and losses at the closing of the contract. Interest rate swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or losses. Certain interest rate swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or if the counterparty defaults on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Interest rate swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $1,142,900,000 on interest rate swap contracts for the reporting period.

L) Credit default contracts The fund entered into credit default contracts to hedge credit risk. In a credit default contract, the protection buyer typically makes an up front payment and a periodic stream of payments to a counterparty, the protection seller, in exchange for the right to receive a contingent payment upon the occurrence of a credit event on the reference obligation or all other equally ranked obligations of the reference entity. Credit events are contract specific but may include bankruptcy, failure to pay, restructuring and obligation acceleration. An upfront payment received by the fund, as the protection seller, is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund, as the protection buyer, is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Periodic payments received or paid by the fund are recorded as realized gains or losses. The credit default contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Upon the occurrence of a credit event, the difference between the par value and market value of the reference obligation, net of any proportional amount of the upfront payment, is recorded as a realized gain or loss.

In addition to bearing the risk that the credit event will occur, the fund could be exposed to market risk due to unfavorable changes in interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index or the possibility that the fund may be unable to close out its position at the same time or at the same price as if it had purchased the underlying reference obligations. In certain circumstances, the fund may enter into offsetting credit default contracts which would mitigate its risk of loss. Risks of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk, either as the protection seller or as the protection buyer, is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Where the fund is a seller of protection, the maximum potential amount of future payments the fund may be required to make is equal to the notional amount of the relevant credit default contract. Credit default contracts outstanding, including their respective notional amounts at period end, if any, are listed

85



after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $5,800,000 on credit default swap contracts for the reporting period.

M) Master agreements The fund is a party to ISDA (International Swap and Derivatives Association, Inc.) Master Agreements (Master Agreements) with certain counterparties that govern over-the-counter derivative and foreign exchange contracts entered into from time to time. The Master Agreements may contain provisions regarding, among other things, the parties’ general obligations, representations, agreements, collateral requirements, events of default and early termination. With respect to certain counterparties, in accordance with the terms of the Master Agreements, collateral posted to the fund is held in a segregated account by the fund’s custodian and with respect to those amounts which can be sold or repledged, are presented in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral posted to the fund which cannot be sold or repledged totaled $5,730,505 at the close of the reporting period. Collateral pledged by the fund is segregated by the fund’s custodian and identified in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. Government or related agencies or other securities as agreed to by the fund and the applicable counterparty. Collateral requirements are determined based on the fund’s net position with each counterparty. Termination events applicable to the fund may occur upon a decline in the fund’s net assets below a specified threshold over a certain period of time. Termination events applicable to counterparties may occur upon a decline in the counterparty’s long-term and short-term credit ratings below a specified level. In each case, upon occurrence, the other party may elect to terminate early and cause settlement of all derivative and foreign exchange contracts outstanding, including the payment of any losses and costs resulting from such early termination, as reasonably determined by the terminating party. Any decision by one or more of the fund’s counterparties to elect early termination could impact the fund’s future derivative activity.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund had a net liability position of $24,049,051 on derivative contracts subject to the Master Agreements. Collateral posted by the fund totaled $25,426,829.

N) TBA purchase commitments The fund may enter into TBA (to be announced) commitments to purchase securities for a fixed unit price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. Although the unit price has been established, the principal value has not been finalized. However, it is anticipated that the amount of the commitments will not significantly differ from the principal amount. The fund holds, and maintains until settlement date, cash or high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price, or the fund may enter into offsetting contracts for the forward sale of other securities it owns. Income on the securities will not be earned until settlement date. TBA purchase commitments may be considered securities themselves, and involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in the value of the fund’s other assets. Unsettled TBA purchase commitments are valued at fair value of the underlying securities, according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss.

Although the fund will generally enter into TBA purchase commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio or for delivery pursuant to options contracts it has entered into, the fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if Putnam Management deems it appropriate to do so.

O) TBA sale commitments The fund may enter into TBA sale commitments to hedge its portfolio positions or to sell mortgage-backed securities it owns under delayed delivery arrangements. Proceeds of TBA sale commitments are not received until the contractual settlement date. During the time a TBA sale commitment is outstanding, equivalent deliverable securities, or an offsetting TBA purchase commitment deliverable on or before the sale commitment date, are held as “cover” for the transaction.

Unsettled TBA sale commitments are valued at the fair value of the underlying securities, generally according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss. If the TBA sale commitment is closed through the acquisition of an offsetting TBA purchase commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss. If the fund delivers securities under the commitment, the fund realizes a gain or a loss from the sale of the securities based upon the unit price established at the date the commitment was entered into. TBA sale commitments outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.

P) Dollar rolls To enhance returns, the fund may enter into dollar rolls (principally using TBAs) in which the fund sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to purchase similar securities on a specified future date. During the period between the sale and subsequent purchase, the fund will not be entitled to receive income and principal payments on the securities sold. The fund will, however, retain the difference between the initial sales price and the forward price for the future purchase. The fund will also be able to earn interest on the cash proceeds that are received from the initial sale on settlement date. The fund may be exposed to market or

86



credit risk if the price of the security changes unfavorably or the counterparty fails to perform under the terms of the agreement.

Q) Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the SEC. This program allows the fund to borrow from or lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.

R) Line of credit The fund participates, along with other Putnam funds, in a $325 million unsecured committed line of credit and a $185 million unsecured uncommitted line of credit, both provided by State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street). Borrowings may be made for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests and trade settlements. Interest is charged to the fund based on the fund’s borrowing at a rate equal to the Federal Funds rate plus 1.25% for the committed line of credit and the Federal Funds rate plus 1.30% for the uncommitted line of credit. A closing fee equal to 0.02% of the committed line of credit and $50,000 for the uncommitted line of credit has been paid by the participating funds. In addition, a commitment fee of 0.13% per annum on any unutilized portion of the committed line of credit is allocated to the participating funds based on their relative net assets and paid quarterly. During the reporting period, the fund had no borrowings against these arrangements.

S) Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code. The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ASC 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior periods remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

At October 31, 2011, the fund had a capital loss carryover of $1,493,071 available to the extent allowed by the Code to offset future net capital gain, if any. This capital loss carryover will expire on October 31, 2019. Under the recently enacted Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, the fund will be permitted to carry forward capital losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 for an unlimited period. However, any losses incurred during those future years will be required to be utilized prior to the losses incurred in pre-enactment tax years. As a result of this ordering rule, pre-enactment capital loss carryforwards may be more likely to expire unused. Additionally, post-enactment capital losses that are carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses rather than being considered all short-term as under previous law.

T) Distributions to shareholders Distributions to shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. These differences include temporary and/or permanent differences of unrealized and realized gains and losses on certain futures contracts, income on swap contracts and interest only securities. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. For the reporting period ended, the fund reclassified $2,702,938 to decrease undistributed net investment income and $23,063 to increase paid-in-capital, with a decrease to accumulated net realized losses of $2,679,875.

The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:

Unrealized appreciation  $9,511,903 
Unrealized depreciation  (8,691,104) 

Net unrealized appreciation  820,799 
Undistributed ordinary income  3,892,084 
Capital loss carryforward  1,493,071 
Cost for federal income tax purposes  $486,642,342 

 

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U) Expenses of the Trust Expenses directly charged or attributable to any fund will be paid from the assets of that fund. Generally, expenses of the Trust will be allocated among and charged to the assets of each fund on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be based on the relative assets of each fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each fund.

Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions

The fund pays Putnam Management a management fee (base fee) (based on the fund’s average net assets and computed and paid monthly) at annual rates that may vary based on the average of the aggregate net assets of most open-end funds, as defined in the fund’s management contract, sponsored by Putnam Management. Such annual rates may vary as follows:

0.630%  of the first $5 billion, 
0.580%  of the next $5 billion, 
0.530%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.480%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.430%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.410%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.400%  of the next $100 billion, 
0.395%  of any excess thereafter. 

 

Commencing with the fund’s thirteenth whole calendar month of operation (January 2010), the applicable base fee was increased or decreased for each month by an amount based on the performance of the fund. The amount of the increase or decrease is calculated monthly based on a performance adjustment rate that is equal to 0.04 multiplied by the difference between the fund’s annualized performance (measured by the fund’s class A shares) and the annualized performance of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 1.00% over the performance period. The maximum annualized performance adjustment rate is +/– 0.04%. The performance period is the thirty-six month period then ended or, if the fund has not then operated for thirty-six whole calendar months, the period from the date the fund commenced operations to the end of the month for which the fee adjustment is being computed. Each month, the performance adjustment rate is multiplied by the fund’s average net assets over the performance period and the result is divided by twelve. The resulting dollar amount is added to, or subtracted from, the base fee for that month. The monthly base fee is determined based on the fund’s average net assets for the month, while the performance adjustment is determined based on the fund’s average net assets over the performance period of up to thirty-six months. This means it is possible that, if the fund underperforms significantly over the performance period, and the fund’s assets have declined significantly over that period, the negative performance adjustment may exceed the base fee. In this event, Putnam Management would make a payment to the fund.

Because the performance adjustment is based on the fund’s performance relative to its applicable benchmark index, and not its absolute performance, the performance adjustment could increase Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares lose value during the performance period provided that the fund outperformed its benchmark index, and could decrease Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares increase in value during the performance period provided that the fund underperformed its benchmark index.

For the reporting period, the base fee represented an effective rate (excluding the impact from any expense waivers in effect) of 0.48% of the fund’s average net assets before an increase of $62,434 (0.02% of the fund’s average net assets) based on performance.

Effective November 1, 2010, Putnam Management has agreed to limit the fund’s total expenses through June 30, 2012, to the extent that the total expenses of the fund (before performance adjustments to the fund’s management fee and excluding brokerage, interest, taxes, investment related expenses, extraordinary expenses, and payments under the fund’s distribution plan) will not exceed an annual rate of 0.40% of the fund’s average net assets. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $1,112,119 as a result of this limit.

Putnam Management has also contractually agreed, through June 30, 2012, to waive fees or reimburse the fund’s expenses to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were not reduced as a result of this limit.

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Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. Putnam Management pays a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.

The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund, as designated from time to time by Putnam Management or PIL. Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable, pays a quarterly sub-advisory fee to PAC for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund’s assets for which PAC is engaged as sub-adviser.

The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.

Custodial functions for the fund’s assets are provided by State Street. Custody fees are based on the fund’s asset level, the number of its security holdings and transaction volumes.

Putnam Investor Services, Inc., an affiliate of Putnam Management, provides investor servicing agent functions to the fund. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing based on the fund’s retail asset level, the number of shareholder accounts in the fund and the level of defined contribution plan assets in the fund. Investor servicing fees will not exceed an annual rate of 0.375% of the fund’s average net assets. The amounts incurred for investor servicing agent functions during the reporting period are included in Investor servicing fees in the Statement of operations.

The fund has entered into expense offset arrangements with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. and State Street whereby Putnam Investor Services, Inc.’s and State Street’s fees are reduced by credits allowed on cash balances. For the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $949 under the expense offset arrangements.

Each independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $326, as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees.

The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the Deferral Plan) which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan.

The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the Pension Plan) covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years and were first elected prior to 2004. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee’s average annual attendance and retainer fees for the three years ended December 31, 2005. The retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee’s lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of assets and liabilities. The Trustees have terminated the Pension Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected after 2003.

The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to its class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and Putnam Retail Management GP, Inc., for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide for payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to 0.35%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 1.00% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at an annual rate of 0.25%, 0.45%, 1.00%, 0.30% and 0.50% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively. Prior to April 5, 2010 the annual rates were 0.85% and 0.40% of the average net assets attributable to class B and class M shares, respectively.

For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $7,742 and $252 from the sale of class A and class M shares, respectively, and received $11,925 and $15,756 in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class B and class C shares, respectively.

A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% and 0.30% (0.40% for purchases before April 1, 2010) is assessed on certain redemptions of class  A and class  M shares, respectively. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail

89



Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received $10,258 and no monies on class A and class M redemptions, respectively.

Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities

During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of investment securities other than short-term investments aggregated $349,865,646 and $346,706,533, respectively. These figures include the cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of long-term U.S. government securities of $3,003,443 and $2,951,442, respectively.

Written option transactions during the reporting period are summarized as follows:

    Written swap option  Written swap option 
    contract amounts  premiums received 

Written options outstanding       
at the beginning of the reporting period  USD  139,118,960  $8,269,000 
   CHF    $— 

Options opened  USD  403,592,283  15,609,503 
   CHF  9,160,000  10,001 

Options exercised  USD  (95,082,319)  (3,144,747) 
   CHF     

Options expired  USD     
   CHF     

Options closed  USD  (30,422,400)  (1,233,628) 
   CHF  (6,870,000)  (6,927) 

Written options outstanding       
at the end of the reporting period  USD  417,206,524  $19,500,128 
   CHF  2,290,000  $3,074 

 

Note 4: Capital shares

At the close of the reporting period, there was an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions in capital shares were as follows:

   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class A  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  21,173,324  $219,259,807  16,845,560  $174,956,868 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  279,907  2,877,439  18,399  190,429 

   21,453,231  222,137,246  16,863,959  175,147,297 

Shares repurchased  (13,076,179)  (134,930,729)  (6,235,194)  (64,805,243) 

Net increase  8,377,052  $87,206,517  10,628,765  $110,342,054 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class B  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  129,565  $1,332,250  191,913  $1,983,573 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  3,635  37,297  14  144 

   133,200  1,369,547  191,927  1,983,717 

Shares repurchased  (125,159)  (1,289,185)  (84,401)  (872,454) 

Net increase  8,041  $80,362  107,526  $1,111,263 

 

90



   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class C  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  2,587,429  $26,514,914  6,075,906  $62,627,714 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  67,946  695,086  1,917  19,749 

   2,655,375  27,210,000  6,077,823  62,647,463 

Shares repurchased  (3,006,781)  (30,757,702)  (1,477,160)  (15,235,252) 

Net increase (decrease)  (351,406)  $(3,547,702)  4,600,663  $47,412,211 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class M  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  205,652  $2,131,531  228,995  $2,375,357 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  5,934  60,947  233  2,409 

   211,586  2,192,478  229,228  2,377,766 

Shares repurchased  (116,831)  (1,209,367)  (53,489)  (556,046) 

Net increase  94,755  $983,111  175,739  $1,821,720 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class R  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  23,821  $245,668  33,639  $347,692 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  649  6,641  25  253 

   24,470  252,309  33,664  347,945 

Shares repurchased  (22,112)  (227,464)  (5,996)  (61,873) 

Net increase  2,358  $24,845  27,668  $286,072 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class Y  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  7,425,045  $77,055,475  12,052,836  $125,462,299 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  109,629  1,130,273  17,535  181,838 

   7,534,674  78,185,748  12,070,371  125,644,137 

Shares repurchased  (6,570,471)  (68,063,042)  (10,314,327)  (107,501,676) 

Net increase  964,203  $10,122,706  1,756,044  $18,142,461 

 

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Note 5: Summary of derivative activity

The following is a summary of the market values of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period:

Market values of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period

   Asset derivatives    Liability derivatives   

Derivatives not         
accounted for as  Statement of    Statement of   
hedging instruments  assets and    assets and   
under ASC 815  liabilities location  Market value   liabilities location  Market value  

Credit contracts  Receivables  $59,024  Payables  $— 

Foreign exchange         
contracts  Receivables  85,691  Payables  100,913 

  Investments,    Payables, Net   
  Receivables, Net    assets —   
  assets — Unrealized    Unrealized   
  appreciation/    appreciation/   
Interest rate contracts  (depreciation)  24,547,444*  (depreciation)  41,838,254* 

Total     $24,692,159      $41,939,167  

 

* Includes cumulative appreciation/depreciation of futures contracts as reported in The fund’s portfolio. Only current day’s variation margin is reported within the Statement of assets and liabilities.

The following is a summary of realized and change in unrealized gains or losses of derivative instruments on the Statement of operations for the reporting period (see Note 1):

Amount of realized gain or (loss) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $29,586  $29,586 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      72,030    $72,030 

Interest rate contracts  (404,531)  (2,262,405)    (7,763,819)  $(10,430,755) 

Total  $(404,531)  $(2,262,405)  $72,030  $(7,734,233)  $(10,329,139) 

 

Change in unrealized appreciation or (depreciation) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

 

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $155,416  $155,416 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      (15,236)    $(15,236) 

Interest rate contracts  (2,646,770)  1,325,618    (994,063)  $(2,315,215) 

Total  $(2,646,770)  $1,325,618  $(15,236)  $(838,647)  $(2,175,035) 

 

Note 6: Investment in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund

The fund invested in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund, an open-end management investment company managed by Putnam Management. Investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund are valued at its closing net asset value each business day. Income distributions earned by the fund are recorded as interest income in the Statement of operations and totaled $25,651 for the reporting period. During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds of sales of investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund aggregated $364,968,956 and $387,425,322, respectively. Management fees charged to Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund have been waived by Putnam Management.

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Note 7: Market and credit risk

In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default.

Federal tax information (Unaudited)

For the reporting period ended, pursuant to §871(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, the fund hereby designates $3,636,496 of distributions paid as qualifying to be taxed as interest-related dividends, and $157,983 to be taxed as short-term capital gain dividends for nonresident alien shareholders.

The Form 1099 that will be mailed to you in January 2012 will show the tax status of all distributions paid to your account in calendar 2011.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Trustees and Shareholders
Putnam Funds Trust:

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund (the fund), a series of Putnam Funds Trust, including the fund’s portfolio, as of October 31, 2011, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the two years ended October 31, 2011 and the period from December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009. These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform our audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of October 31, 2011 by correspondence with the custodian and brokers or by other appropriate auditing procedures. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund as of October 31, 2011, the results of its operations, the changes in its net assets and the financial highlights for the periods specified in the first paragraph above, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.


Boston, Massachusetts
December 19, 2011

23



The fund’s portfolio 10/31/11

MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (36.1%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class 5A1, 3.294744s, 2036  $6,561,420  $2,887,025 
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class 2A1, 3.158736s, 2036  8,844,871  4,422,435 
FRB Ser. 05-11, Class 5A1, 0.51472s, 2036  6,153,476  3,199,808 

American Home Mortgage Assets FRB Ser. 06-6, Class A1A,     
0.43472s, 2046  7,921,935  3,446,042 

Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-4, Class A3, 5.792647s, 2051  4,015,000  4,245,863 
Ser. 07-2, Class A2, 5.634s, 2049  6,229,476  6,289,279 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class A2, 5.623487s, 2049  1,793,446  1,812,664 
Ser. 07-5, Class A3, 5.62s, 2051  1,666,000  1,735,957 
Ser. 2004-3, Class D, 5.599s, 2039  2,332,319  2,065,129 
Ser. 06-5, Class A2, 5.317s, 2047  7,901,644  7,975,422 
Ser. 06-6, Class A2, 5.309s, 2045  4,260,921  4,259,186 
Ser. 07-1, Class XW, IO, 5.297s, 2049  7,250,324  85,112 

Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 03-1, Class F, 5.507s, 2036  1,954,000  1,939,032 
Ser. 02-PB2, Class XC, IO, 0.639502s, 2035  9,144,294  7,544 
Ser. 04-4, Class XC, IO, 0.266973s, 2042  6,928,969  139,875 

Barclays Capital, LLC Trust FRB Ser. 07-AA2, Class 12A1,     
0.45472s, 2047  3,559,981  1,566,391 

Bear Stearns Alt-A Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-3, Class 35A1, 5.584678s, 2036  4,113,900  2,468,340 
FRB Ser. 05-9, Class 11A1, 0.50472s, 2035  2,890,696  1,387,534 

Bear Stearns Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. Ser. 06-PW13,     
Class A2, 5.426s, 2041  2,137,330  2,139,895 

Bear Stearns Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 02-PBW1, Class G, 5.83s, 2035  1,867,000  1,759,274 

Citigroup Commercial Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 05-C3, Class AJ,     
4.96s, 2043  2,520,000  2,315,048 

Citigroup Mortgage Loan Trust, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-AR5, Class 1A1A, 5.238459s, 2037  3,144,872  1,468,514 
FRB Ser. 07-AR5, Class 1A2A, 5.04842s, 2037  318,903  175,496 
FRB Ser. 07-AR1, Class A3, 0.46472s, 2037  2,277,162  1,070,266 
FRB Ser. 07-AR1, Class A2, 0.40472s, 2037  2,191,367  1,128,554 

Citigroup/Deutsche Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-CD3, Class A2, 5.56s, 2048  2,670,687  2,697,674 
Ser. 07-CD4, Class A2B, 5.205s, 2049  3,745,000  3,812,234 

Commercial Mortgage Asset Trust FRB Ser. 99-C2, Class E,     
7.64s, 2032  1,914,000  1,952,280 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates     
FRB Ser. 07-C9, Class A2, 5.811s, 2049  957,037  959,459 
Ser. 06-C8, Class A2B, 5.248s, 2046  2,062,795  2,068,488 
Ser. 05-LP5, Class B, 5.105s, 2043  1,986,000  1,822,155 

Countrywide Alternative Loan Trust FRB Ser. 05-84, Class 4A1,     
5.71976s, 2036  17,773,661  10,308,723 

Countrywide Home Loans 144A     
Ser. 05-R3, Class AS, IO, 5.5866s, 2035  204,897  28,604 
FRB Ser. 05-R3, Class AF, 0.64472s, 2035 F  201,183  162,976 

 

24



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (36.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Credit Suisse Mortgage Capital Certificates     
FRB Ser. 06-C3, Class A2, 5.817328s, 2038  $409,597  $408,936 
FRB Ser. 07-C4, Class A2, 5.795425s, 2039  4,091,889  4,137,669 
Ser. 07-C2, Class A2, 5.448s, 2049  787,400  789,495 
Ser. 07-C1, Class AAB, 5.336s, 2040  2,993,000  3,095,660 

CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp.     
FRB Ser. 04-C2, Class D, 5.575s, 2036  1,984,000  1,944,320 
Ser. 05-C5, Class AJ, 5.1s, 2038 F  3,872,000  3,456,400 
Ser. 05-C5, Class AM, 5.1s, 2038  4,217,000  4,346,146 
Ser. 03-CPN1, Class E, 4.891s, 2035  1,632,000  1,562,232 

CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp. 144A     
Ser. 98-C1, Class F, 6s, 2040  2,328,000  2,435,717 
FRB Ser. 03-CK2, Class G, 5.744s, 2036  3,365,000  3,289,256 
Ser. 03-C3, Class AX, IO, 1.73164s, 2038  68,001,720  1,294,413 
Ser. 04-C4, Class AX, IO, 0.350686s, 2039  6,845,545  154,394 

Deutsche Alt-A Securities, Inc. Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-AR1, Class 1A3, 0.57472s, 2036  5,159,568  1,651,062 
FRB Ser. 2007-AR3, Class 2A5, 0.44472s, 2037 F  3,557,505  1,777,878 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A6, 0.43472s, 2037 F  10,890,466  5,116,001 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A4, 0.41472s, 2037  3,765,711  2,080,555 
FRB Ser. 06-AR3, Class A5, 0.41472s, 2036  5,664,236  3,441,024 

DLJ Commercial Mortgage Corp. 144A     
FRB Ser. 98-CG1, Class B4, 7.219338s, 2031  2,057,000  2,203,320 
Ser. 98-CF2, Class B3, 6.04s, 2031  4,037,084  4,194,785 

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.     
IFB Ser. 2976, Class LC, 23.527789s, 2035  244,996  381,557 
IFB Ser. 3072, Class SM, 22.904454s, 2035  685,293  1,045,689 
IFB Ser. 3072, Class SB, 22.757789s, 2035  614,002  932,792 
IFB Ser. 3249, Class PS, 21.472011s, 2036  559,825  785,267 
IFB Ser. 2990, Class LB, 16.323757s, 2034  1,491,387  1,990,077 
IFB Ser. 3835, Class SN, 15.516675s, 2041  29,591,928  40,011,542 
IFB Ser. 3727, Class PS, IO, 6.45667s, 2038  36,472,894  4,865,484 
IFB Ser. 3835, Class SC, IO, 6.40667s, 2038  14,961,227  2,633,625 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class KS, IO, 6.30667s, 2041  16,992,078  2,651,954 
IFB Ser. 3677, Class SA, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  38,369,784  4,607,060 
IFB Ser. 3708, Class SQ, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  24,290,735  3,294,795 
IFB Ser. 3907, Class KS, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  10,708,347  1,764,736 
IFB Ser. 3708, Class SA, IO, 6.20667s, 2040  40,441,031  5,371,782 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class NT, 5.75667s, 2041  12,408,012  12,749,480 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class TB, 5.75667s, 2041  1,794,182  1,845,764 
IFB Ser. 3752, Class PS, IO, 5.75667s, 2040  21,443,793  3,454,381 
Ser. 3645, Class ID, IO, 5s, 2040  730,321  81,124 
Ser. 3680, Class KI, IO, 5s, 2038  17,046,020  2,468,264 
Ser. 3632, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2038  831,092  89,642 
Ser. 3626, Class DI, IO, 5s, 2037  574,857  33,192 
Ser. 3653, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036  10,691,195  624,152 
Ser. 3623, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036 F  523,476  56,474 
Ser. 3747, Class HI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2037  504,078  61,044 
Ser. 3736, Class QI, IO, 4s, 2034  15,304,425  1,682,889 
Ser. 3707, Class HI, IO, 4s, 2023  938,509  39,483 
Ser. T-8, Class A9, IO, 0.428148s, 2028  649,761  7,277 

 

25



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (36.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.     
Ser. T-59, Class 1AX, IO, 0.273447s, 2043  $1,443,562  $10,827 
Ser. T-48, Class A2, IO, 0.212s, 2033  2,037,979  14,470 
FRB Ser. T-54, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2043  839,928  168 

Federal National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 11-111, Class DS, IO, 6.4s, 2038  6,287,000  1,167,999 
IFB Ser. 11-67, Class BS, IO, 6.25528s, 2041  23,146,165  3,527,938 
IFB Ser. 11-101, Class BS, IO, 5.80528s, 2039  3,896,643  624,632 

Federal National Mortgage Association Grantor Trust     
IFB Ser. 04-10, Class QC, 27.62112s, 2031  2,229,825  3,114,002 
IFB Ser. 05-74, Class NK, 26.2764s, 2035  139,597  242,484 
IFB Ser. 07-53, Class SP, 23.30269s, 2037  599,155  839,236 
IFB Ser. 06-86, Class SY, 23.11936s, 2036  1,864,963  2,703,637 
IFB Ser. 05-75, Class GS, 19.51584s, 2035  660,884  923,057 
IFB Ser. 11-4, Class CS, 12.41056s, 2040  7,419,342  8,571,566 
IFB Ser. 10-35, Class SG, IO, 6.15528s, 2040  18,664,749  3,351,442 
Ser. 10-21, Class IP, IO, 5s, 2039 F  1,235,619  175,150 
Ser. 398, Class C5, IO, 5s, 2039  2,263,880  294,304 
Ser. 09-31, Class PI, IO, 5s, 2038  7,251,983  1,000,049 
Ser. 10-100, Class AI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2025  11,943,804  1,016,418 
Ser. 03-W10, Class 1, IO, 1.45698s, 2043  604,526  27,204 
Ser. 98-W2, Class X, IO, 0.98064s, 2028  1,136,802  50,701 
Ser. 98-W5, Class X, IO, 0.93724s, 2028  469,427  19,622 
Ser. 03-W1, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2042  1,769,092  177 
Ser. 07-44, Class CO, PO, zero %, 2037  214,631  189,095 

First Union Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A Ser. 99-C1, Class F,     
5.35s, 2035  1,713,000  1,627,350 

First Union National Bank Commercial Mortgage 144A Ser. 01-C3,     
Class K, 6.155s, 2033  2,508,000  2,508,000 

GE Capital Commercial Mortgage Corp. Ser. 07-C1, Class A3,     
5.481s, 2049  3,126,000  3,314,495 

GE Capital Commercial Mortgage Corp. 144A     
Ser. 03-C2, Class D, 5.326s, 2037  3,000,000  3,041,881 
Ser. 05-C2, Class XC, IO, 0.122204s, 2043  46,101,743  325,847 

GMAC Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. Ser. 04-C3, Class AJ,     
4.915s, 2041  2,958,000  2,733,517 

GMAC Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 02-C2, Class H, 6.756s, 2038 F  1,713,000  1,729,380 
FRB Ser. 03-C2, Class F, 5.469118s, 2040  1,472,000  1,386,640 

Government National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 11-56, Class SA, 23.486s, 2041  16,962,123  25,249,477 
IFB Ser. 10-158, Class SD, 14.2658s, 2040  2,479,000  3,321,017 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class WS, 9.21056s, 2040  10,522,271  11,478,640 
IFB Ser. 11-56, Class SG, 6.82734s, 2041  1,300,692  1,395,123 
IFB Ser. 11-56, Class MS, 6.82581s, 2041  2,332,830  2,492,116 
IFB Ser. 11-37, Class SB, IO, 6.45528s, 2038  2,732,628  440,330 
IFB Ser. 10-167, Class SM, IO, 6.43667s, 2040  16,610,531  3,052,019 
IFB Ser. 11-61, Class CS, IO, 6.43528s, 2035  22,581,622  3,836,211 
IFB Ser. 10-113, Class CS, IO, 6.40528s, 2039  12,484,639  2,159,343 
IFB Ser. 11-37, Class SD, IO, 6.40528s, 2038  3,515,661  560,801 
IFB Ser. 11-11, Class PS, IO, 6.35528s, 2040  15,832,676  2,768,027 

 

26



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (36.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Government National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 10-31, Class PS, IO, 6.30528s, 2038  $12,727,382  $2,309,765 
IFB Ser. 10-62, Class SD, IO, 6.24528s, 2040  12,882,722  2,192,356 
IFB Ser. 10-24, Class BS, IO, 6.18528s, 2038  26,537,834  4,244,992 
IFB Ser. 11-40, Class AS, IO, 5.87667s, 2036  8,304,771  1,192,233 
IFB Ser. 11-35, Class AS, IO, 5.85528s, 2037  13,103,984  1,669,448 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SN, IO, 5.65667s, 2041  10,626,000  2,919,281 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SH, IO, 5.64667s, 2041  13,288,000  3,648,619 
Ser. 11-116, Class IB, IO, 5s, 2040  15,959,355  1,775,319 
Ser. 11-56, Class IK, IO, 5s, 2039  11,153,366  1,512,954 
Ser. 10-150, Class WI, IO, 5s, 2038  30,172,030  4,078,052 
IFB Ser. 11-12, Class IB, IO, 4.56056s, 2040  8,323,028  1,182,702 
Ser. 10-103, Class DI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2038 F  13,548,761  1,978,899 
Ser. 11-70, PO, zero %, 2041  19,907,194  15,723,697 
Ser. 10-151, Class KO, PO, zero %, 2037  4,810,094  4,328,315 

Greenwich Capital Commercial Funding Corp. FRB Ser. 05-GG3,     
Class AJ, 4.859s, 2042  2,877,000  2,647,415 

Greenwich Capital Commercial Funding Corp. 144A Ser. 03-C1,     
Class G, 4.773s, 2035  2,233,000  2,154,766 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II     
Ser. 06-GG6, Class A3, 5.56s, 2038  1,756,000  1,858,375 
Ser. 06-GG6, Class A2, 5.506s, 2038  2,278,291  2,310,329 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II 144A Ser. 03-C1, Class X1, IO,     
0.839486s, 2040  7,868,004  47,916 

GSMPS Mortgage Loan Trust 144A     
Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AS, IO, 5.97024s, 2035  437,606  67,829 
Ser. 06-RP2, Class 1AS1, IO, 5.71414s, 2036  953,644  135,894 
IFB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AS, IO, 5.298629s, 2034  1,077,486  161,300 
Ser. 98-2, IO, 0.66556s, 2027  183,015  18 
FRB Ser. 06-RP2, Class 1AF1, 0.64472s, 2036 F  953,644  724,878 
FRB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AF, 0.64472s, 2034 F  1,077,486  829,771 
FRB Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AF, 0.59472s, 2035 F  437,606  336,975 
Ser. 98-3, IO, 0.33414s, 2027  219,208  570 
Ser. 99-2, IO, zero %, 2027  316,460  791 
Ser. 98-4, IO, zero %, 2026  240,269  625 

Harborview Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-6, Class 3A1A, 2.68355s, 2036  4,767,437  2,383,719 
FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A1A, 0.43472s, 2036  16,290,888  9,540,352 

IndyMac Indx Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-AR5, Class 1A2, 5.21083s, 2036  204,977  16,398 
FRB Ser. 07-AR7, Class 2A1, 4.677537s, 2037  2,048,173  1,003,605 
FRB Ser. 06-AR11, Class 3A1, 2.82648s, 2036  3,357,859  1,414,626 
FRB Ser. 06-AR39, Class A1, 0.42472s, 2037  14,131,693  6,571,237 
FRB Ser. 06-AR21, Class A1, 0.36472s, 2036  8,984,646  3,324,319 
FRB Ser. 06-AR29, Class A2, 0.32472s, 2036  8,175,463  3,106,676 

JPMorgan Alternative Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-A2, Class 12A1, 0.44472s, 2037  6,019,024  2,287,229 
FRB Ser. 06-A7, Class 1A1, 0.40472s, 2036  10,974,060  5,267,549 
FRB Ser. 07-A1, Class 1A3A, 0.39472s, 2037  5,187,254  2,152,711 

 

27



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (36.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Corp.     
Ser. 06-LDP7, Class A2, 5.864s, 2045  $448,009  $448,148 
Ser. 06-LDP8, Class A3B, 5.447s, 2045  543,000  589,003 
Ser. 07-LDPX, Class A3S, 5.317s, 2049  4,595,000  4,712,347 
Ser. 2002-C3, Class D, 5.314s, 2035  1,755,000  1,758,212 
FRB Ser. 02-C2, Class E, 5.309275s, 2034  2,251,000  2,212,778 
FRB Ser. 03-LN1, Class B, 5.012s, 2037  2,100,000  1,932,000 
Ser. 05-LDP3, Class A4B, 4.996s, 2042  1,942,500  1,980,352 

JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Corp. 144A     
Ser. 02-C1, Class E, 6.135s, 2037  2,004,000  1,991,635 
FRB Ser. 01-C1, Class H, 5.626s, 2035 F  2,404,000  2,309,126 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-C3, Class A2, 5.532s, 2032  65,856  65,813 
Ser. 06-C6, Class AM, 5.413s, 2039 F  7,881,000  7,565,007 
Ser. 05-C7, Class A2, 5.103s, 2030  224,006  224,006 
Ser. 03-C5, Class F, 4.843s, 2037  3,000,000  2,760,000 
Ser. 07-C2, Class XW, IO, 0.541841s, 2040  4,922,180  100,437 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A     
Ser. 02-C2, Class J, 6.235s, 2035  5,764,000  5,753,048 
Ser. 03-C8, Class G, 5.35s, 2037  1,803,000  1,815,571 
Ser. 05-C3, Class XCL, IO, 0.300435s, 2040  60,097,717  1,071,182 

Lehman XS Trust FRB Ser. 07-8H, Class A1, 0.37472s, 2037  3,593,186  1,545,070 

Luminent Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 06-7, Class 1A1, 0.42472s, 2036 F  1,869,941  971,891 

Merit Securities Corp. 144A FRB Ser. 11PA, Class 3A1,     
0.86583s, 2027  1,966,081  1,587,591 

Merrill Lynch Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-C1, Class A3, 5.827867s, 2050  889,000  949,497 
FRB Ser. 07-C1, Class A2, 5.723867s, 2050  3,075,945  3,110,279 
Ser. 08-C1, Class A2, 5.425s, 2051  756,907  772,869 
Ser. 05-MCP1, Class XC, IO, 0.184639s, 2043  167,212,800  1,768,275 

Merrill Lynch/Countrywide Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-1, Class A2, 5.439s, 2039  164,619  164,499 
FRB Ser. 06-4, Class A2FL, 0.363s, 2049  4,634,410  4,501,171 

Morgan Stanley Capital I     
FRB Ser. 07-IQ15, Class A2, 5.843688s, 2049  2,660,000  2,709,883 
Ser. 2006-HQ9, Class A2, 5.618s, 2044  1,015,675  1,015,301 
Ser. 07-IQ14, Class A2, 5.61s, 2049  3,209,384  3,317,095 
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2, 5.590489s, 2049  1,858,720  1,896,267 
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2FL, 0.49322s, 2049  978,751  847,696 

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital I Ser. 03-HQ2, Class C,     
5.15s, 2035  3,158,000  3,030,701 

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital I 144A FRB Ser. 03-HQ2,     
Class F, 5.72855s, 2035  2,126,000  2,009,070 

Morgan Stanley ReREMIC Trust 144A FRB Ser. 10-C30A, Class A3B,     
10.236s, 2043  843,571  856,300 

Nomura Asset Acceptance Corp.     
FRB Ser. 06-AR4, Class A4A, 0.48472s, 2036 F  2,380,417  904,114 
FRB Ser. 06-AR4, Class A1A, 0.41472s, 2036  2,439,516  902,621 

Nomura Asset Securities Corp. 144A Ser. 98-D6, Class B1,     
6s, 2030  4,302,883  4,382,947 

 

28



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (36.1%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Residential Accredit Loans, Inc. Ser. 06-QS13, Class 1A5,     
6s, 2036  $187,513  $109,988 

Salomon Brothers Mortgage Securities VII 144A FRB Ser. 99-C1,     
Class J, 7s, 2032  4,138,000  4,316,708 

Structured Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loan Trust FRB Ser. 07-4,     
Class 1A1, 0.48472s, 2037 F  1,631,416  652,245 

Structured Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loan Trust 144A Ser. 04-NP2,     
Class A, 0.595s, 2034 F  435,433  322,146 

Structured Asset Securities Corp.     
IFB Ser. 07-4, Class 1A3, IO, 6.022917s, 2045  1,557,277  218,019 
Ser. 07-4, Class 1A4, IO, 1s, 2045  3,204,902  130,119 

Structured Asset Securities Corp. 144A FRB Ser. 05-RF2, Class A,     
0.59472s, 2035 F  3,568,028  2,640,486 

TIAA Seasoned Commercial Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 07-C4,     
Class AJ, 5.907622s, 2039 F  7,959,000  6,890,870 

Vericrest Opportunity Loan Transferee 144A Ser. 10-NPL1, Class M,     
6s, 2039  1,710,898  1,702,343 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-C32, Class APB, 5.742444s, 2049  3,297,000  3,552,369 
FRB Ser. 07-C32, Class A2, 5.737444s, 2049  961,724  981,848 
Ser. 06-C25, Class A2, 5.684s, 2043  212,265  212,265 
Ser. 06-C28, Class A3, 5.679s, 2048  1,571,000  1,729,957 
Ser. 07-C30, Class APB, 5.294s, 2043  1,884,000  1,973,247 
Ser. 07-C30, Class A3, 5.246s, 2043  3,371,000  3,394,806 
Ser. 05-C17, Class AJ, 5.224s, 2042  1,795,820  1,639,620 
Ser. 06-C29, IO, 0.373424s, 2048  168,689,806  2,631,561 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A Ser. 03-C3,     
Class IOI, IO, 1.055916s, 2035  5,798,036  55,093 

Wachovia Mortgage Loan Trust, LLC     
FRB Ser. 06-AMN1, Class A2, 0.39472s, 2036  6,311,979  2,430,112 
FRB Ser. 06-AMN1, Class A1, 0.29472s, 2036  3,898,163  1,481,302 

WAMU Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust 144A Ser. 05-C1A,     
Class C, 4.9s, 2036  589,000  593,948 

Washington Mutual Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates     
FRB Ser. 07-0C2, Class A3, 0.55472s, 2037  5,394,822  2,535,566 
FRB Ser. 07-HY1, Class A3A, 0.47472s, 2037  22,578,010  12,340,215 

Total mortgage-backed securities (cost $561,124,864)    $550,164,599 
 
 
U.S. GOVERNMENT AND AGENCY     
MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (28.5%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
U.S. Government Guaranteed Mortgage Obligations (1.9%)     
Government National Mortgage Association     
Pass-Through Certificates     
4 1/2s, May 20, 2041  $19,575,162  $21,281,871 
4s, January 20, 2041  7,589,628  8,102,521 

    29,384,392 
U.S. Government Agency Mortgage Obligations (26.6%)     
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation Pass-Through     
Certificates 3 1/2s, January 1, 2041  758,818  771,119 

 

29



U.S. GOVERNMENT AND AGENCY     
MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (28.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

  
Federal National Mortgage Association Pass-Through Certificates     
4 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  $33,000,000  $34,897,500 
4s, September 1, 2041   1,051,380  1,088,671 
4s, TBA, November 1, 2041  27,000,000  28,069,454 
3 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  335,000,000  340,626,962 

    405,453,706 
 
Total U.S. government and agency mortgage obligations (cost $434,273,101)  $434,838,098 
 
U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCY OBLIGATIONS (0.1%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Wells Fargo & Co.     
3s, FDIC guaranteed notes, December 9, 2011  $660,000  $661,889 
2 1/8s, FDIC guaranteed notes, June 15, 2012  840,000  849,327 

Total U.S. government agency obligations (cost $1,502,438)    $1,511,216 
 
U.S. TREASURY OBLIGATIONS (—%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
U.S. Treasury Notes 2 5/8s, November 15, 2020  $371,000  $389,260 

Total U.S. treasury obligations (cost $348,864)    $389,260 
 
CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.4%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.1%)     
Omnicom Group, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.45s, 2020  $1,675,000  $1,747,343 

    1,747,343 
Airlines (0.2%)     
Continental Airlines, Inc. pass-through certificates Ser. 97-4A,     
6.9s, 2018  1,144,784  1,170,542 

Continental Airlines, Inc. pass-through certificates Ser. 98-1A,     
6.648s, 2017  1,188,664  1,206,494 

    2,377,036 
Automotive (0.2%)     
BMW US Capital, LLC company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes     
Ser. EMTN, 4 1/4s, 2011  510,000  512,800 

Daimler Finance North America, LLC company guaranty unsec.     
unsub. notes 7.3s, 2012 (Germany)  1,085,000  1,099,333 

Ford Motor Credit Corp. sr. unsec. notes 12s, 2015  1,250,000  1,568,904 

    3,181,037 
Banking (2.6%)     
Barclays Bank PLC unsec. sub. notes FRN Ser. EMTN, 0.53683s,     
2017 (United Kingdom)  4,448,000  3,881,547 

Citigroup, Inc. unsec. sub. notes 5 5/8s, 2012  3,650,000  3,721,536 

ING Bank NV 144A sr. unsec. notes FRN 1.39711s, 2013     
(Netherlands)  4,230,000  4,173,733 

JPMorgan Chase Capital XX company guaranty jr. unsec. sub. notes     
Ser. T, 6.55s, 2036  6,925,000  7,124,288 

Lloyds TSB Bank PLC bank guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 7/8s,     
2016 (United Kingdom)  60,000  61,687 

Lloyds TSB Bank PLC company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. notes     
Ser. MTN, 6 1/2s, 2020 (United Kingdom)  3,600,000  3,352,990 

National Australia Bank, Ltd. 144A sr. unsec. notes 2 1/2s, 2013     
(Australia)  2,830,000  2,867,229 

 

30



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.4%)* cont.    Principal amount  Value 

 
Banking cont.       
Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The) company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes Ser. 2, 3.4s, 2013 (United Kingdom)    $2,560,000  $2,543,872 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The) 144A company guaranty       
sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 7/8s, 2014 (United Kingdom)    1,620,000  1,660,710 

Shinhan Bank 144A sr. unsec. bond 6s, 2012 (South Korea)    425,000  435,634 

Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp. 144A sr. unsec. notes 2.15s,       
2013 (Japan)    3,610,000  3,652,345 

UBS AG/Jersey Branch jr. unsec. sub. FRB 4.28s, 2015       
(Jersey)  EUR  27,000  29,642 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA sr. notes 6 1/4s, 2035       
(Russia)    $500,000  512,500 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA 144A sr. unsec. notes 6 7/8s,       
2018 (Russia)    1,000,000  1,046,250 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA 144A sr. unsec. notes 6 1/4s,       
2035 (Russia)    1,850,000  1,896,250 

Westpac Banking Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 2 1/4s, 2012       
(Australia)    2,665,000  2,704,098 

      39,664,311 
Beverage (0.4%)       
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company guaranty       
sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 3/8s, 2014    2,775,000  3,122,005 

Constellation Brands, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub.       
notes 7 1/4s, 2016    2,105,000  2,302,344 

      5,424,349 
Broadcasting (0.3%)       
Belo Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8s, 2016    500,000  540,000 

DISH DBS Corp. company guaranty 7 1/8s, 2016    977,000  1,038,063 

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. note company       
guaranty 8 3/8s, 2013    2,365,000  2,628,111 

      4,206,174 
Building materials (0.2%)       
Building Materials Corp. 144A sr. notes 7s, 2020    1,010,000  1,070,600 

Owens Corning company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 9s, 2019    1,500,000  1,760,625 

      2,831,225 
Cable television (0.5%)       
CCO Holdings, LLC/CCO Holdings Capital Corp. company       
guaranty sr. unsec. notes 7 7/8s, 2018    1,020,000  1,086,300 

Comcast Cable Holdings, LLC debs. 9.8s, 2012    290,000  296,022 

Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes       
6 1/2s, 2015    2,205,000  2,513,954 

CSC Holdings, LLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 1/2s, 2014    1,715,000  1,882,213 

Mediacom Broadband, LLC/Mediacom Broadband Corp. sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 8 1/2s, 2015    1,000,000  1,030,000 

      6,808,489 
Chemicals (0.4%)       
Airgas, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.85s, 2013    1,145,000  1,170,659 

Celanese US Holdings, LLC sr. notes 5 7/8s, 2021 (Germany)    950,000  1,009,375 

Dow Chemical Co. (The) sr. unsec. notes 7.6s, 2014    1,270,000  1,441,202 

INEOS Finance PLC 144A company guaranty sr. notes 9 1/4s,       
2015 (United Kingdom)  EUR  195,000  272,536 

Lyondell Chemical Co. company guaranty sr. sec. loans 8s, 2017    $813,000  914,625 

 

31



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.4%)* cont.    Principal amount  Value 

 
Chemicals cont.       
Lyondell Chemical Co. sr. notes 11s, 2018    $750,000  $835,313 

Solutia, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 7 7/8s, 2020    1,032,000  1,093,920 

      6,737,630 
Coal (0.2%)       
Arch Western Finance, LLC company guaranty sr. notes       
6 3/4s, 2013    481,000  485,810 

CONSOL Energy, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 8s, 2017    985,000  1,078,575 

Peabody Energy Corp. company guaranty 7 3/8s, 2016    945,000  1,034,775 

      2,599,160 
Combined utilities (0.1%)       
El Paso Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7s, 2017    1,140,000  1,276,800 

      1,276,800 
Commercial and consumer services (0.2%)       
Lender Processing Services, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 8 1/8s, 2016    3,000,000  2,955,000 

      2,955,000 
Computers (0.2%)       
Seagate Technology International 144A company guaranty sr. sec.       
notes 10s, 2014 (Cayman Islands)    2,095,000  2,383,063 

Xerox Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/4s, 2015    120,000  127,147 

      2,510,210 
Consumer (0.1%)       
Jarden Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. notes 7 1/2s, 2017    1,480,000  1,583,600 

Yankee Candle Co. company guaranty sr. notes Ser. B,       
8 1/2s, 2015    457,000  466,140 

      2,049,740 
Consumer goods (0.1%)       
Beam, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3s, 2012    1,635,000  1,647,263 

      1,647,263 
Consumer services (—%)       
Corrections Corporation of America company guaranty sr. notes       
7 3/4s, 2017    415,000  449,238 

      449,238 
Electric utilities (1.2%)       
AES Corp. (The) sr. unsec. notes 8s, 2020    500,000  552,500 

AES Corp. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8s, 2017    1,005,000  1,102,988 

Aguila 3 SA company guaranty sr. notes Ser. REGS, 7 7/8s,       
2018 (Luxembourg)  CHF  888,000  981,271 

Allegheny Energy Supply 144A sr. unsec. bond 8 1/4s, 2012    $4,180,000  4,304,802 

CMS Energy Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes FRN 1.35306s, 2013    760,000  744,800 

FirstEnergy Corp. notes Ser. B, 6.45s, 2011    1,081,000  1,082,762 

KCP&L Greater Missouri Operations Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes       
11 7/8s, 2012    3,439,000  3,671,191 

Power Receivable Finance, LLC 144A sr. notes 6.29s, 2012    707,999  708,593 

Texas-New Mexico Power Co. 144A 1st mtge. sec. 9 1/2s, 2019    3,816,000  4,952,333 

      18,101,240 
Electronics (—%)       
NXP BV/NXP Funding, LLC company guaranty sr. notes FRN       
Ser. EXCH, 3.15306s, 2013 (Netherlands)    435,000  426,300 

      426,300 

 

32



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.4%)* cont.    Principal amount  Value 

 
Financial (0.8%)       
Ally Financial, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes       
4 1/2s, 2014    $1,500,000  $1,466,250 

Berkshire Hathaway Finance Corp. company guaranty sr. notes       
4s, 2012    415,000  421,749 

CIT Group, Inc. 144A company guaranty notes 5 1/4s, 2014    1,500,000  1,492,500 

Erac USA Finance Co. 144A company guaranty notes 2 1/4s, 2014    3,185,000  3,207,352 

Erac USA Finance Co. 144A company guaranty sr. notes       
2 3/4s, 2013    2,315,000  2,356,745 

GATX Corp. notes 4 3/4s, 2012    750,000  771,250 

Icahn Enterprises LP/Icahn Enterprises Finance Corp. company       
guaranty sr. unsec. notes 7 3/4s, 2016    1,150,000  1,178,750 

Leucadia National Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7 1/8s, 2017    1,027,000  1,065,513 

      11,960,109 
Food (0.5%)       
Dean Foods Co. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes       
7s, 2016    365,000  366,825 

Foodcorp (Pty), Ltd. 144A company guaranty sr. notes 8 3/4s,       
2018 (South Africa)  EUR  250,000  332,891 

JBS USA, LLC/JBS USA Finance, Inc. company guaranty       
sr. unsec. notes 11 5/8s, 2014    $500,000  550,000 

Kraft Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 2 5/8s, 2013    3,270,000  3,346,976 

Smithfield Foods, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 10s, 2014    905,000  1,052,063 

Tyson Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 10 1/2s, 2014    1,960,000  2,273,600 

      7,922,355 
Forest products and packaging (0.7%)       
Georgia-Pacific, LLC 144A company guaranty 7 1/8s, 2017    965,000  1,023,354 

PE Paper Escrow GmbH 144A sr. notes 12s, 2014 (Austria)    890,000  965,650 

Sealed Air Corp. sr. notes 7 7/8s, 2017    1,385,000  1,479,227 

Sealed Air Corp. 144A notes 5 5/8s, 2013    1,442,000  1,503,699 

Verso Paper Holdings, LLC/Verso Paper, Inc. sr. notes       
11 1/2s, 2014    1,040,000  1,092,000 

Weyerhaeuser Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 1/4s, 2013    4,175,000  4,502,374 

      10,566,304 
Gaming and lottery (—%)       
Lottomatica SpA sub. notes FRN Ser. REGS, 8 1/4s, 2066 (Italy)  EUR  100,000  124,545 

      124,545 
Health-care services (0.2%)       
Fresenius US Finance II, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. notes 9s, 2015    $900,000  1,017,000 

HCA, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 7 7/8s, 2020    805,000  875,438 

HCA, Inc. sr. notes 6 1/2s, 2020    665,000  694,925 

Tenet Healthcare Corp. sr. notes 9s, 2015    785,000  834,063 

Tenet Healthcare Corp. sr. notes 8 7/8s, 2019    130,000  146,900 

      3,568,326 
Insurance (0.6%)       
Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (The) jr. unsec. sub. debs.       
FRB 8 1/8s, 2038    1,075,000  1,096,500 

MetLife Global Funding I 144A sr. unsec. notes 2 7/8s, 2012    1,030,000  1,045,443 

MetLife Global Funding I 144A sr. unsub. notes 5 1/8s, 2014    200,000  216,194 

MetLife Global Funding I 144A sr. unsub. notes 5 1/8s, 2013    350,000  367,894 

New York Life Global Funding 144A notes 3s, 2015    4,560,000  4,735,492 

Prudential Financial, Inc. sr. notes 6.2s, 2015    1,595,000  1,753,369 

      9,214,892 

 

33



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.4%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Investment banking/Brokerage (0.3%)     
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) sr. notes 3 5/8s, 2012  $791,000  $802,885 

TD Ameritrade Holding Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub.     
notes 2.95s, 2012  4,250,000  4,335,740 

    5,138,625 
Lodging/Tourism (0.1%)     
Host Hotels & Resorts LP company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub.     
notes Ser. Q, 6 3/4s, 2016 R  1,000,000  1,035,000 

MGM Resorts International sr. notes 10 3/8s, 2014  340,000  379,100 

    1,414,100 
Machinery (0.1%)     
Altra Holdings, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 8 1/8s, 2016  227,000  236,648 

Briggs & Stratton Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes     
6 7/8s, 2020  1,000,000  1,020,000 

    1,256,648 
Media (0.2%)     
Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. notes     
10s, 2017  895,000  1,024,775 

Viacom, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 4 3/8s, 2014  1,571,000  1,691,868 

    2,716,643 
Metals (0.7%)     
FMG Resources August 2006 Pty, Ltd. 144A sr. notes 7s, 2015     
(Australia)  1,000,000  1,003,750 

Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 8 3/8s,     
2017 (Indonesia)  1,836,000  1,962,225 

Rio Tinto Finance USA, Ltd. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes     
9s, 2019 (Australia)  1,985,000  2,711,026 

Steel Dynamics, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes     
7 3/8s, 2012  1,386,000  1,436,243 

Teck Resources Limited sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7s, 2012 (Canada)  3,190,000  3,346,667 

    10,459,911 
Natural gas utilities (0.9%)     
Energy Transfer Partners LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.65s, 2012  3,780,000  3,894,969 

Kinder Morgan, Inc./Kansas sr. notes 6 1/2s, 2012  2,510,000  2,560,200 

NGPL PipeCo, LLC 144A sr. unsec. notes 6.514s, 2012  4,400,000  4,575,182 

Total Capital SA company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3s,     
2015 (France)  2,900,000  3,077,228 

    14,107,579 
Office equipment and supplies (0.2%)     
Staples, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 9 3/4s, 2014  2,495,000  2,878,701 

    2,878,701 
Oil and gas (0.8%)     
Chesapeake Energy Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes     
9 1/2s, 2015  935,000  1,070,575 

Chesapeake Midstream Partners LP/CHKM Finance Corp. 144A     
company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 5 7/8s, 2021  300,000  303,000 

Denbury Resources, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. notes     
8 1/4s, 2020  955,000  1,057,663 

Gazprom Via OAO White Nights Finance BV notes 10 1/2s, 2014     
(Netherlands)  1,000,000  1,148,800 

Newfield Exploration Co. sr. sub. notes 6 5/8s, 2016  593,000  609,308 

Petrobras International Finance Co. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 3 7/8s, 2016 (Brazil)  5,000,000  5,116,505 

 

34



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.4%)* cont.    Principal amount  Value 

 
Oil and gas cont.       
Petrohawk Energy Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes       
10 1/2s, 2014    $1,000,000  $1,121,250 

Plains Exploration & Production Co. company guaranty       
7 3/4s, 2015    985,000  1,021,938 

Ras Laffan Liquefied Natural Gas Co., Ltd. 144A company       
guaranty sr. notes 4 1/2s, 2012 (Qatar)    1,000,000  1,020,000 

      12,469,039 
Pharmaceuticals (0.1%)       
ConvaTec Healthcare E SA 144A sr. notes 7 3/8s, 2017       
(Luxembourg)  EUR  510,000  718,114 

      718,114 
Power producers (0.1%)       
GenOn Energy, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 5/8s, 2014    $1,500,000  1,530,000 

      1,530,000 
Railroads (—%)       
RailAmerica, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 9 1/4s, 2017    305,000  331,688 

      331,688 
Real estate (0.4%)       
Omega Healthcare Investors, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 6 3/4s, 2022 R    1,730,000  1,747,300 

Simon Property Group LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.1s, 2015 R    3,900,000  4,282,477 

Simon Property Group LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.2s, 2015 R    300,000  319,035 

      6,348,812 
Regional Bells (0.3%)       
Frontier Communications Corp. sr. unsec. notes 8 1/4s, 2017    1,005,000  1,072,838 

Frontier Communications Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7 7/8s, 2015    2,835,000  3,003,328 

Qwest Communications International, Inc. company guaranty       
Ser. B, 7 1/2s, 2014    1,000,000  1,010,000 

      5,086,166 
Restaurants (—%)       
Wendy’s Co. (The) company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes       
10s, 2016    500,000  545,000 

      545,000 
Retail (0.4%)       
Autonation, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 6 3/4s, 2018    2,560,000  2,656,000 

QVC, Inc. 144A sr. notes 7 1/8s, 2017    965,000  1,027,725 

Sears Holdings Corp. company guaranty 6 5/8s, 2018    725,000  625,313 

Toys R Us Property Co., LLC company guaranty sr. notes       
8 1/2s, 2017    950,000  1,003,438 

      5,312,476 
Telecommunications (0.6%)       
Digicel Group, Ltd. 144A sr. unsec. notes 12s, 2014 (Jamaica)    1,480,000  1,672,400 

Inmarsat Finance PLC 144A company guaranty sr. notes 7 3/8s,       
2017 (United Kingdom)    210,000  224,700 

NII Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes       
10s, 2016    1,270,000  1,428,750 

SBA Tower Trust 144A company guaranty mtge. notes       
4.254s, 2015    2,900,000  3,059,229 

Sprint Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes       
8 3/8s, 2012    1,036,000  1,046,360 

 

35



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.4%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Telecommunications cont.       
Wind Acquisition Finance SA 144A company guaranty sr. notes     
7 3/8s, 2018 (Netherlands)  EUR  850,000  $1,121,231 

Windstream Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes     
7 7/8s, 2017    $1,000,000  1,080,000 

      9,632,670 
Telephone (0.3%)       
CenturyLink, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. L, 7 7/8s, 2012  3,010,000  3,136,670 

Cricket Communications, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsub. notes     
7 3/4s, 2016    1,000,000  1,037,500 

      4,174,170 
Textiles (0.1%)       
Hanesbrands, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes FRN Ser. B,     
3.7695s, 2014    1,500,000  1,488,750 

      1,488,750 
 
Total corporate bonds and notes (cost $230,717,126)      $233,958,168 
  
PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)*  strike price  amount  Value 

 
Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.81%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  $13,025,569  $278,487 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.81% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  13,025,569  45,199 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.355% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  52,069,000  885,173 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.355%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  52,069,000  788,845 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.5325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  90,380,509  144,157 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.5325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  90,380,509  48,805 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.5175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  90,380,509  88,573 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.5175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  90,380,509  1,898 

 

36



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

  
Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.37%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  $39,445,428  $3,302,371 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.37% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  39,445,428  491,096 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.52%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  32,871,190  3,118,161 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  32,871,190  327,397 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  32,871,190  2,729,952 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.36% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  32,871,190  411,219 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.51%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  13,148,476  1,237,272 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.51% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  13,148,476  130,564 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.5375%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  32,871,190  3,167,139 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.5375% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  32,871,190  310,633 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  37,115,000  326,612 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.765%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.765  18,596,000  105,811 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.015%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/2.015  7,438,000  78,620 

 

37



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

 
Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  $72,447,000  $256,462 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.52%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  72,447,000  93,457 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.6075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  41,827,000  66,923 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.6075% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  41,827,000  60,816 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.3525% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  52,069,000  349,904 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.3525%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  52,069,000  297,835 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 4.12%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.12  20,836,258  4,796,090 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.12% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.12  20,836,258  8,960 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.21%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  35,986,845  2,825,687 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.21% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  35,986,845  2,519 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.85%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/2.85  34,437,875  1,616,169 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.85% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/2.85  34,437,875  34 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.1075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  37,351,000  600,231 

 

38



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

  
Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  $37,115,000  $326,612 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9475%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  Jan-12/1.9475  37,351,000  189,370 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 4.1175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  14,319,049  3,295,100 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.1175% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  14,319,049  3,293 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.1075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  37,351,000  600,231 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.9275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  37,115,000  326,612 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 3.425% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  25,138,700  2,334,128 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate       
of 3.425% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  25,138,700  35,446 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.998%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  37,115,000  386,367 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  37,115,000  326,612 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.555% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  90,380,509  224,144 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.555%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  90,380,509  123,821 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.545% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  90,380,509  185,099 

 

39



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

 
Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.545%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  $90,380,509  $91,284 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.855%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/3.855  20,561,413  3,653,352 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.355% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.355  20,561,413  411 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.30% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  52,069,000  223,897 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.30% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  52,069,000  152,562 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.1825% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1825  7,703,000  144,508 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.11875% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.11875  37,351,000  612,183 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.35% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/2.35  7,703,000  174,550 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.998% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  37,115,000  386,367 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.9275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  37,115,000  326,612 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  52,058,000  2,430,067 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  52,058,000  606,996 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.86% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2017.  Mar-12/1.86  13,482,606  309,426 

 

40



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

 
Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.86%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2017.  Mar-12/1.86  $13,482,606  $60,672 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.0525% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  52,058,000  2,312,937 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.0525% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  52,058,000  507,566 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.27% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.27  7,703,000  117,086 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.03%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  52,058,000  2,178,627 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.03% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  52,058,000  388,873 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.96325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.96325  37,351,000  197,960 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 3.60% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2042.  Jan-12/3.60  27,191,171  3,588,147 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.60%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2042.  Jan-12/4.60  27,191,171  4,079 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 0.61% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  36,223,000  59,406 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.61%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  36,223,000  52,886 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.01%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  52,058,000  2,016,206 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.01% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  52,058,000  244,152 

 

41



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

 
Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.476%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  $72,447,000  $191,985 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 0.476% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  72,447,000  28,254 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.53%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  72,447,000  143,590 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 0.53% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  72,447,000  52,886 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  62,741,000  172,036 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 0.745% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  62,741,000  131,129 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.99% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  83,806,314  3,303,645 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.99%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  83,806,314  3,214,810 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 3.11% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  9,125,232  379,975 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.11%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  9,125,232  133,228 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.715%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  62,741,000  108,542 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 0.715% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  62,741,000  66,505 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.0325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  17,958,447  3,876,510 

 

42



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

 
Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.0325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  $17,958,447  $18 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.54%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  30,869,388  2,982,600 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.54%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  30,869,388  287,703 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.49%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  32,897,229  3,052,863 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.49%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  32,897,229  326,012 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.9275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  37,115,000  326,612 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.953% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.953  37,351,000  193,478 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.3175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  52,069,000  558,700 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.3175% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  52,069,000  424,883 

Option on an interest rate swap with UBS AG       
for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.722% versus       
the six month CHF-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Jan-12/1.722  CHF 15,020,000  11,738 

Total purchased options outstanding (cost $63,798,463)    $78,158,420 
  
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES (3.4%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Countrywide Asset Backed Certificates       
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class 2A2, 0.41472s, 2047    $3,826,000  $2,702,430 
FRB Ser. 07-8, Class 2A2, 0.37472s, 2037 F    3,881,000  3,006,295 
FRB Ser. 07-1, Class 2A2, 0.34472s, 2037 F    2,000,000  1,679,173 

First Franklin Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates       
FRB Ser. 06-FF5, Class 2A3, 0.40472s, 2036 F    10,708,869  5,779,944 
FRB Ser. 06-FF11, Class 2A3, 0.39472s, 2036    5,166,000  2,557,170 

 

43



ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES (3.4%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Green Tree Financial Corp.     
Ser. 1999-4, Class A7, 7.41s, 2026  $37,749  $32,877 
Ser. 99-3, Class A8, 7.06s, 2031  1,876,000  1,601,635 
Ser. 1997-5, Class M1, 6.95s, 2029  5,010,000  4,872,225 

GSAA Home Equity Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-3, Class A3, 0.54472s, 2036 F  3,343,928  1,579,229 
FRB Ser. 05-11, Class 3A4, 0.49472s, 2035  1,333,172  999,879 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class A4A, 0.46472s, 2047  3,393,757  1,476,284 
FRB Ser. 06-3, Class A2, 0.43472s, 2036  8,558,621  3,530,431 
FRB Ser. 06-11, Class 2A2, 0.40472s, 2036  5,499,334  2,144,740 
FRB Ser. 06-12, Class A2A, 0.39472s, 2036  2,047,120  839,319 
FRB Ser. 06-12, Class A1, 0.29472s, 2036  9,447,980  3,996,495 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class 2A1A, 0.19069s, 2047  5,315,072  2,232,330 

HSI Asset Securitization Corp. Trust FRB Ser. 06-HE1, Class 2A1,     
0.29472s, 2036  40,321  16,733 

Lehman XS Trust FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A1, 0.42472s, 2036  4,000,678  1,700,288 

Merrill Lynch First Franklin Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates     
FRB Ser. 07-1, Class A2B, 0.41472s, 2037  4,317,216  1,899,575 

Oakwood Mortgage Investors, Inc.     
Ser. 01-C, Class A4, 7.405s, 2030  2,781,215  1,550,527 
Ser. 00-D, Class A4, 7.4s, 2030  3,439,946  2,106,967 
Ser. 02-A, Class A4, 6.97s, 2032  2,485,547  2,252,527 
Ser. 98-A, Class M, 6.825s, 2028  2,176,000  2,113,585 
Ser. 01-D, Class A2, 5.26s, 2019  2,540,672  1,492,645 

WAMU Asset-Backed Certificates FRB Ser. 07-HE1, Class 2A1,     
0.29472s, 2037  58,629  55,313 

Total asset-backed securities (cost $58,877,822)    $52,218,616 
  
SENIOR LOANS (3.4%)* c  Principal amount  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.1%)     
Affinion Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2016  $989,962  $910,765 

    910,765 
Airlines (0.1%)     
Delta Air Lines, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2017  830,918  805,990 

    805,990 
Biotechnology (0.1%)     
Quintiles Transnational Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018  997,500  983,784 

    983,784 
Broadcasting (—%)     
Cumulus Media, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5 3/4s, 2018  800,000  788,000 

    788,000 
Building materials (—%)     
Nortek, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2017  680,000  665,833 

    665,833 
Cable television (—%)     
Atlantic Broadband Finance, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4s, 2016  584,908  573,210 

    573,210 
Chemicals (0.2%)     
AZ Chem US, Inc. bank term loan FRN 4 3/4s, 2017  213,211  212,678 

General Chemical Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018  689,834  681,499 

Nexeo Solutions, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2017  1,462,650  1,404,144 

Styron Corp. bank term loan FRN 6s, 2017  496,250  453,138 

Tronox Worldwide bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2015  496,250  493,769 

    3,245,228 

 

44



SENIOR LOANS (3.4%)* c cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Commercial and consumer services (0.2%)       
Interactive Data Corp. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2018    $711,425  $703,866 

MoneyGram International, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,       
4 1/2s, 2017    1,307,692  1,291,346 

ServiceMaster Co. (The) bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 2.76s, 2014    1,082,839  1,032,758 

ServiceMaster Co. (The) bank term loan FRN Ser. DD, 2.74s, 2014    107,835  102,847 

      3,130,817 
Communications equipment (—%)       
CommScope, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018    353,225  350,576 

      350,576 
Computers (0.1%)       
Eagle Parent, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2018    997,500  973,809 

Syniverse Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5 1/4s, 2017    661,005  661,005 

      1,634,814 
Consumer finance (0.1%)       
Ocwen Financial Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7 3/4s, 2016    780,000  772,200 

      772,200 
Consumer goods (0.1%)       
Revlon Consumer Products bank term loan FRN Ser. B,       
4 3/4s, 2017    1,496,250  1,483,158 

Spectrum Brands, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2016    772,407  769,510 

      2,252,668 
Containers (0.1%)       
Reynolds Group Holdings, Inc, bank term loan FRN Ser. C,       
6 1/2s, 2018    375,000  373,125 

Reynolds Group Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. E,       
6 1/2s, 2018    497,500  495,945 

      869,070 
Electric utilities (—%)       
AES Corp. (The) bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/4s, 2018    497,500  496,256 

      496,256 
Energy (oil field) (—%)       
Frac Tech International, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B,       
6 1/4s, 2016    497,743  493,299 

      493,299 
Food (0.1%)       
Dean Foods Co. bank term loan FRN Ser. A1, 3.24s, 2014    389,610  380,065 

Del Monte Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/2s, 2018    478,800  466,830 

      846,895 
Forest products and packaging (0.1%)       
Exopack, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 6 1/2s, 2017    832,913  816,254 

      816,254 
Gaming and lottery (0.4%)       
Boyd Gaming Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. A, 3.739s, 2015    1,443,750  1,345,094 

Caesars Entertainment Operating Co., Inc. bank term loan FRN       
Ser. B1, 3.253s, 2015    1,000,000  882,143 

CCM Merger, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2017    962,480  954,058 

Gateway Casinos & Entertainment, Inc. bank term loan FRN       
Ser. B1, 5 1/4s, 2016  CAD  2,493,750  2,376,787 

Isle of Capri Casinos, Inc. bank term loan FRN 4 3/4s, 2017    $855,700  855,700 

      6,413,782 
Health-care services (0.2%)       
DaVita, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/2s, 2016    992,500  987,538 

Emergency Medical Services Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,       
5 1/4s, 2018    597,000  582,672 

 

45



SENIOR LOANS (3.4%)* c cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Health-care services cont.     
IASIS Healthcare, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018  $567,150  $553,680 

Kindred Healthcare, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2018  748,125  692,016 

Multiplan, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2017  962,825  928,324 

    3,744,230 
Insurance (—%)     
CNO Financial Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN 6 1/4s, 2016  301,642  302,396 

    302,396 
Machinery (—%)     
Terex Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2017  665,000  664,584 

    664,584 
Manufacturing (0.1%)     
SRAM Corp. bank term loan FRN 4.78s, 2018  813,724  805,587 

    805,587 
Media (—%)     
Nielsen Finance LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. C, 3.492s, 2016  496,231  493,130 

    493,130 
Medical technology (0.1%)     
Kinetic Concepts, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2018  1,000,000  1,002,031 

    1,002,031 
Metals (—%)     
Novelis, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 3 3/4s, 2017  282,863  280,830 

    280,830 
Oil and gas (0.1%)     
MEG Energy Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4s, 2018 (Canada)  835,000  832,217 

    832,217 
Pharmaceuticals (0.1%)     
Capsugel Holdings US, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2018  1,000,000  1,001,250 

    1,001,250 
Power producers (—%)     
New Development Holdings, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
4 1/2s, 2018  398,000  393,212 

    393,212 
Publishing (0.1%)     
Cengage Learning Acquisitions, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
2.49s, 2014  989,691  849,278 

Cenveo Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 6 1/4s, 2016  794,000  782,090 

    1,631,368 
Railroads (0.1%)     
Swift Transportation Co., LLC bank term loan FRN 6s, 2016  873,261  872,442 

    872,442 
Restaurants (0.1%)     
Burger King Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/2s, 2016  918,063  912,707 

DineEquity, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/4s, 2017  380,849  379,897 

    1,292,604 
Retail (0.5%)     
Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corp. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B, 6 1/4s, 2017  246,875  241,056 

Claire’s Stores, Inc. bank term loan FRN 2.991s, 2014  498,294  439,620 

Gymboree Corp. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2018  496,250  464,821 

J. Crew Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2018  995,000  932,066 

Jo-Ann Stores, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2018  1,246,875  1,197,000 

NBTY, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/4s, 2017  794,000  791,023 

Neiman Marcus Group, Inc. (The) bank term loan FRN 4 3/4s, 2018  1,280,000  1,241,371 

 

46



SENIOR LOANS (3.4%)* c cont.    Principal amount  Value 

  
Retail cont.       
PETCO Animal Supplies, Inc. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2017  $990,000  $978,863 

Rite Aid Corp. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2018    971,916  918,461 

      7,204,281 
Semiconductor (—%)       
Edwards, Ltd. bank term loan FRN 5 1/2s, 2016 (United Kingdom)  198,500  185,432 

Edwards, Ltd. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2016       
(United Kingdom)    198,500  185,432 

      370,864 
Telecommunications (0.3%)       
Intelsat Jackson Holdings SA bank term loan FRN 3.246s, 2014     
(Luxembourg)    1,000,000  953,000 

Intelsat Jackson Holdings, Ltd. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s,     
2018 (Bermuda)    995,000  987,538 

Level 3 Financing, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B2, 5 3/4s, 2018  665,000  653,363 

MetroPCS Wireless, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B3, 4s, 2018  1,119,370  1,098,849 

SBA Communications Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 3 3/4s, 2018  498,750  493,763 

      4,186,513 
 
Total senior loans (cost $52,291,406)      $51,126,980 
 
FOREIGN GOVERNMENT BONDS AND NOTES (1.8%)*    Principal amount  Value 

 
Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds 7s, 2017    $2,810,000  $2,304,200 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds Ser. VII, 7s, 2013    1,175,000  1,138,669 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 7s, 2015    13,520,000  12,170,298 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds FRB 0.439s, 2012  14,010,000  1,654,301 

Croatia (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 3/8s, 2021  960,000  938,425 

Korea Development Bank (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4s,       
2016 (South Korea)    2,000,000  2,022,182 

Ontario (Province of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 1 7/8s, 2012 (Canada)  2,100,000  2,128,701 

Ukraine (Government of) sr. unsec. bonds 6.385s, 2012    4,000,000  3,957,880 

Ukraine (Government of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7.65s, 2013  1,700,000  1,674,500 

Total foreign government bonds and notes (cost $29,141,836)    $27,989,156 
 
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (44.6%)*  Principal amount/shares  Value 

 
Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund 0.05% e    94,518,953  $94,518,953 

Straight-A Funding, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.188%, January 18, 2012    $15,000,000  14,993,825 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.221%,       
March 8, 2012    60,000,000  59,948,800 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.166%,       
November 17, 2011 # ##    50,000,000  49,995,444 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.110%,       
October 18, 2012 ##    65,000,000  64,929,771 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.245%,       
February 9, 2012 ##    25,000,000  24,979,861 

U.S. Treasury Bills with an effective yield of 0.071%,       
July 26, 2012 ##    20,000,000  19,989,429 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from       
0.101% to 0.200%, December 15, 2011 # ##    107,000,000  106,974,107 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from       
0.119% to 0.150%, May 3, 2012 # ##    74,000,000  73,947,100 

 

47



SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (44.6%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.072% to 0.128%, April 5, 2012 ##  $88,000,000  $87,963,058 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.092% to 0.099%, August 23, 2012 ##  81,000,000  80,937,408 

Total short-term investments (cost $679,177,756)    $679,177,756 
 
TOTAL INVESTMENTS     

Total investments (cost $2,111,253,676)    $2,109,532,269 

 

Key to holding’s currency abbreviations 
 
AUD  Australian Dollar 
CAD  Canadian Dollar 
CHF  Swiss Franc 
EUR  Euro 
GBP  British Pound 
JPY  Japanese Yen 
KRW  South Korean Won 
MXN  Mexican Peso 
SEK  Swedish Krona 
USD / $  United States Dollar 
 
Key to holding’s abbreviations 
 
EMTN  Euro Medium Term Notes 
FDIC Guaranteed  Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Guaranteed 
FRB  Floating Rate Bonds 
FRN  Floating Rate Notes 
IFB  Inverse Floating Rate Bonds 
IO  Interest Only 
MTN  Medium Term Notes 
OAO  Open Joint Stock Company 
OJSC  Open Joint Stock Company 
PO  Principal Only 
TBA  To Be Announced Commitments 

 

Notes to the fund’s portfolio

Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011 (the reporting period).

* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $1,523,374,423.

# This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the broker to cover margin requirements for futures contracts at the close of the reporting period.

## This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the custodian for collateral on certain derivative contracts at the close of the reporting period.

Forward commitment, in part or in entirety (Note 1).

c Senior loans are exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, but contain certain restrictions on resale and cannot be sold publicly. These loans pay interest at rates which adjust periodically. The interest rates shown for senior loans are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period. Senior loans are also subject to mandatory and/or optional prepayment which cannot be predicted. As a result, the remaining maturity may be substantially less than the stated maturity shown (Notes 1 and 7).

e See Note 6 to the financial statements regarding investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund. The rate quoted in the security description is the annualized 7-day yield of the fund at the close of the reporting period.

48



F Is valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. Securities may be classified as Level 2 or Level 3 for Accounting Standards Codification ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820) based on the securities’ valuation inputs.

R Real Estate Investment Trust.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund maintained liquid assets totaling $553,787,866 to cover certain derivatives contracts.

Debt obligations are considered secured unless otherwise indicated.

144A after the name of an issuer represents securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers.

See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding TBA’s.

The rates shown on FRB and FRN are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

IFB are securities that pay interest rates that vary inversely to changes in the market interest rates. As interest rates rise, inverse floaters produce less current income. The rates shown are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

The dates shown on debt obligations are the original maturity dates.

FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $887,827,808)

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           

  Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  $763,722  $696,712  $(67,010) 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  1,045,288  965,880  79,408 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  2,433,379  2,347,639  (85,740) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  3,123,790  2,972,907  (150,883) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  212,995  195,939  (17,056) 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  839,655  800,058  39,597 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  461,814  429,337  32,477 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  355,152  344,423  (10,729) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  6,907,701  6,957,644  49,943 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  435,051  420,432  (14,619) 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,119,394  1,061,205  (58,189) 

  Russian Ruble  Buy  11/16/11  647,365  596,343  51,022 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  136,993  131,151  5,842 

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  164,824  162,386  (2,438) 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  651,665  601,294  (50,371) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,512,691  1,432,328  (80,363) 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  1,825,386  1,752,352  73,034 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,635,815  1,594,268  (41,547) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  1,289,930  1,199,266  (90,664) 

Barclays Bank PLC           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  12,558,861  12,909,963  (351,102) 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  15,560  14,328  (1,232) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  9,008,616  8,883,851  (124,765) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  11,516,112  11,328,036  (188,076) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  185,635  170,657  (14,978) 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  139,007  132,356  (6,651) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  5,762,986  5,863,457  100,471 

 

49



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $887,827,808) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.           

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  $3,584,169  $3,623,746  $39,577 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  5,071,584  4,975,762  (95,822) 

  Indonesian Rupiah  Sell  11/16/11  1,152,409  1,093,929  (58,480) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  5,477,543  5,441,601  35,942 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Buy  11/16/11  1,458,417  1,395,047  63,370 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  940,190  960,186  (19,996) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,213,676  1,139,839  73,837 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  15,439,129  15,148,572  290,557 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  31,803  92,280  (60,477) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  281,684  258,934  (22,750) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  352,166  336,699  (15,467) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  2,813,673  2,762,813  50,860 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  14,748,749  14,217,424  (531,325) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  3,088,799  2,964,243  (124,556) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  685,591  747,218  (61,627) 

  Thai Baht  Buy  11/16/11  218,093  214,110  3,983 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  2,380,069  2,215,455  164,614 

Citibank, N.A.             

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  15,795,028  15,625,386  169,642 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  2,346,500  2,163,018  183,482 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  7,489,522  7,413,138  (76,384) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  14,045,873  13,854,211  (191,662) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  519,982  477,734  42,248 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  1,073,996  1,028,858  (45,138) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  10,086,989  10,152,488  65,499 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  1,260,203  1,223,746  (36,457) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  5,529,456  5,637,448  107,992 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  668,760  648,021  20,739 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  757,598  711,245  (46,353) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  3,759,060  3,563,776  195,284 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  815,691  774,773  (40,918) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  461,347  441,504  (19,843) 

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  1,758,966  1,733,336  (25,630) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  51,644  47,652  3,992 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,743,221  1,652,025  (91,196) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  2,024,218  1,942,677  (81,541) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,143,163  1,190,299  (47,136) 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  169,920  158,160  11,760 

Credit Suisse AG           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  17,255,454  17,006,023  249,431 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  2,184,806  2,016,667  (168,139) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  2,214,896  2,392,363  177,467 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  22,788,314  22,279,312  (509,002) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  14,532  13,355  1,177 

 

50



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $887,827,808) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse AG cont.           

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  $549,195  $523,601  $25,594 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  19,559,011  19,558,707  (304) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  1,963,949  1,905,039  (58,910) 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  4,673,682  4,584,457  (89,225) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  7,799,699  8,055,536  255,837 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  318,317  304,249  (14,068) 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  2,653,937  2,589,688  64,249 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  20,156,485  20,218,860  (62,375) 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  764,801  732,466  (32,335) 

  Russian Ruble  Buy  11/16/11  513,112  471,564  41,548 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  1,294,624  1,286,081  8,543 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  2,532,225  2,350,592  (181,633) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  9,424,563  9,653,948  229,385 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  1,339,756  1,284,676  (55,080) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  843,004  900,240  (57,236) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  1,356,771  1,262,335  (94,436) 

Deutsche Bank AG           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  91,849  296,464  (204,615) 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  2,031,705  1,881,398  150,307 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  902,871  870,834  32,037 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  6,746,733  6,907,321  160,588 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  457,524  420,769  36,755 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  973,181  927,583  (45,598) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  4,710,278  4,862,853  152,575 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  510,291  494,789  (15,502) 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  1,191,687  1,140,439  (51,248) 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  1,348,785  1,305,828  (42,957) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  803,408  754,720  (48,688) 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,214,980  856,004  (358,976) 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  553,391  562,756  (9,365) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  654,684  626,377  (28,307) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  2,148,647  2,149,513  (866) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  4,349,675  4,115,068  (234,607) 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  1,976,248  1,895,996  80,252 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,114,159  1,162,676  (48,517) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  871,131  808,801  (62,330) 

Goldman Sachs International           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  8,871,763  9,258,613  (386,850) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  2,814,881  2,715,191  99,690 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  10,826,505  10,584,497  (242,008) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  32,451  29,816  2,635 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  7,484,480  7,212,832  (271,648) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  1,802,754  1,749,601  (53,153) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  786,771  802,022  15,251 

 

51



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $887,827,808) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.           

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  $3,445,693  $3,672,401  $(226,708) 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  288,233  262,620  (25,613) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  217,376  213,888  3,488 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,516,371  1,436,917  (79,454) 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  833,388  799,344  34,044 

HSBC Bank USA, National Association         

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  15,958,525  15,994,718  (36,193) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  2,760,863  2,660,390  (100,473) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  9,672,547  9,692,913  20,366 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  9,491,529  9,613,943  122,414 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  3,946,871  3,869,344  (77,527) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  2,615,700  2,668,178  (52,478) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  28,358  26,623  (1,735) 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  9,518,205  9,015,756  (502,449) 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,014,740  971,066  43,674 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  2,133,668  1,964,332  (169,336) 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  3,017,014  2,893,359  123,655 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  115,876  112,925  2,951 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  24,862,272  24,644,896  217,376 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  927,778  853,769  (74,009) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  6,202,416  6,222,029  19,613 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  10,769,539  10,431,188  (338,351) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  558,387  512,951  (45,436) 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  1,109,534  1,058,220  (51,314) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  12,821,900  13,211,383  389,483 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  2,305,179  2,385,129  79,950 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  1,887,179  2,104,756  217,577 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  451,454  431,502  (19,952) 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  427,691  414,144  13,547 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,199,133  1,124,875  74,258 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,099,172  1,039,408  (59,764) 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  1,234,902  1,168,675  66,227 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  281,684  258,915  (22,769) 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  13,707  13,105  602 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  1,098,350  1,104,312  (5,962) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  1,431,217  1,491,260  (60,043) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,543,769  1,459,445  (84,324) 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  734,256  704,416  29,840 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  3,046,492  2,972,992  (73,500) 

  Thai Baht  Sell  11/16/11  664,273  651,727  (12,546) 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  541,209  502,512  38,697 

 

52



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $887,827,808) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The)           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  $20,120,649  $21,016,957  $(896,308) 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  3,004,188  2,759,680  (244,508) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  4,265,809  3,951,668  314,141 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  4,747,816  4,088,343  (659,473) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  47,315  43,453  (3,862) 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  871,849  830,932  (40,917) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  24,139,239  23,883,350  (255,889) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  4,405,636  4,439,274  33,638 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  2,289,910  2,247,095  (42,815) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  4,903,668  4,462,161  441,507 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  410,126  394,382  (15,744) 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  795,306  772,715  22,591 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  65,523  61,544  3,979 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  22,284,112  22,584,735  (300,623) 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  1,162,695  1,104,336  (58,359) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  298,964  274,839  (24,125) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  127,032  121,856  (5,176) 

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  121,653  120,046  (1,607) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  216,834  199,957  16,877 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  8,632,425  8,162,015  (470,410) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  5,596,141  5,369,888  (226,253) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  816,401  726,100  (90,301) 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  217,431  202,408  15,023 

State Street Bank and Trust Co.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  25,281,851  25,267,959  13,892 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  44,589  41,005  3,584 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  12,583,445  12,430,752  (152,693) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  4,411,838  4,009,988  (401,850) 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  1,837,251  1,751,771  85,480 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  33,055,922  33,107,896  51,974 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  557,245  540,007  (17,238) 

  Indonesian Rupiah  Sell  11/16/11  1,779,813  1,700,418  (79,395) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  1,186,364  1,474,827  288,463 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Buy  11/16/11  179,546  172,066  7,480 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  2,594,467  2,513,622  (80,845) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  26,603,803  26,940,466  (336,663) 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  3,019,082  2,929,327  89,755 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  3,053,647  2,898,733  (154,914) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  281,678  258,909  (22,769) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  3,507  29,544  26,037 

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  1,424,829  1,403,146  (21,683) 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  1,012  934  (78) 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  324,730  627,971  (303,241) 

 

53



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $887,827,808) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

State Street Bank and Trust Co. cont.           

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  $1,294,976  $1,242,144  $52,832 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  2,891,774  2,898,609  (6,835) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,936,186  2,865,254  (70,932) 

  Thai Baht  Buy  11/16/11  1,101,206  1,084,555  16,651 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  2,977,862  2,895,661  82,201 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  3,033,939  2,878,324  (155,615) 

UBS AG             

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  26,621,074  26,120,098  500,976 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  761,672  702,791  58,881 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  20,051,746  19,907,984  (143,762) 

  Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  631,939  1,014,331  (382,392) 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  656,347  625,860  30,487 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  12,380,562  12,755,216  374,654 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  557,866  541,299  (16,567) 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  3,396,808  3,342,031  (54,777) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  1,661,749  1,792,902  131,153 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  386,314  374,143  (12,171) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  120,140  112,834  7,306 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  16,421,039  17,081,179  (660,140) 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  1,300,485  1,259,096  41,389 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  298,951  275,245  (23,706) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  175,804  208,212  32,408 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  1,179,032  1,158,502  20,530 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  556,849  514,020  (42,829) 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  49,890  53,530  (3,640) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  896,969  860,845  (36,124) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  926,359  982,012  (55,653) 

  Thai Baht  Buy  11/16/11  110,393  108,550  1,843 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  117,733  37,691  (80,042) 

Westpac Banking Corp.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  12,982,333  13,211,446  (229,113) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  6,632,148  6,418,002  214,146 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  11,473,889  11,200,573  (273,316) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  2,744,595  3,239,934  495,339 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  1,084,029  886,953  197,076 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,270,635  1,192,523  (78,112) 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  409,204  388,091  (21,113) 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  3,624,798  3,435,393  189,405 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  1,917,795  1,840,489  77,306 

Total            $(6,676,404) 

 

54



FUTURES CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11       
 
        Unrealized 
  Number of    Expiration  appreciation/ 
  contracts  Value  date  (depreciation) 

Australian Government Treasury         
Bond 10 yr (Long)  17  $2,000,019  Dec-11  $(4,283) 

Canadian Government Bond         
10 yr (Long)  49  6,455,168  Dec-11  14,285 

Euro-Bund 10 yr (Short)  5  937,249  Dec-11  (7,237) 

Euro-Schatz 2 yr (Short)  18  2,732,129  Dec-11  (12,415) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  46  13,098,314  Dec-11  (98,480) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  110  31,347,118  Jun-12  (379,069) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  110  31,347,118  Dec-12  (464,935) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  110  31,337,719  Mar-12  (296,028) 

Japanese Government Bond         
10 yr (Short)  12  21,805,064  Dec-11  43,461 

Japanese Government Bond         
10 yr Mini (Short)  16  2,910,206  Dec-11  7,620 

U.S. Treasury Bond 30 yr (Long)  5  695,156  Dec-11  13,276 

U.S. Treasury Bond 30 yr (Long)  105  15,999,375  Dec-11  1,012,812 

U.S. Treasury Note 10 yr (Short)  333  42,977,813  Dec-11  (26,097) 

Total        $(197,090) 
   

 

WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674)     
 
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  $23,055,600  Jan-12/4.72  $231 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  21,493,220  Aug-16/5.35  662,529 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  21,493,220  Aug-16/4.35  2,412,206 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  52,030,116  Aug-16/4.28  2,710,249 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  52,030,116  Aug-16/4.28  5,641,625 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  23,055,600  Jan-12/4.72  4,862,195 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  62,705,637  Aug-16/3.625  4,536,126 

 

55



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  $62,705,637  Aug-16/3.625  $4,668,435 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  81,833,453  Aug-16/4.17  2,369,897 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  81,833,453  Aug-16/4.17  4,915,981 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  20,981,611  Aug-16/4.68  893,817 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  20,981,611  Aug-16/4.68  2,710,635 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  17,484,676  Jul-16/4.67  747,994 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  17,484,676  Jul-16/4.67  2,249,264 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  17,484,676  Jul-16/4.80  700,611 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  17,484,676  Jul-16/4.80  2,384,962 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  6,993,870  Jul-16/4.80  279,825 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  6,993,870  Jul-16/4.80  953,964 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  17,484,676  Jul-16/4.815  693,967 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  17,484,676  Jul-16/4.815  2,400,943 

 

56



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.89%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  $24,709,984  Jun-16/4.89  $496,275 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.39%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  24,709,984  Jun-16/4.39  1,677,413 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  795,340  Feb-15/5.36  16,039 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 5.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  795,340  Feb-15/5.36  149,618 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  12,964,757  Aug-14/4.20  417,076 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  12,964,757  Aug-14/4.20  1,504,262 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  10,803,964  Jul-14/4.19  347,855 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  10,803,964  Jul-14/4.19  1,248,960 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  4,321,586  Jul-14/4.34  126,506 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  10,803,964  Jul-14/4.35  314,266 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  4,321,586  Jul-14/4.34  541,257 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  10,803,964  Jul-14/4.35  1,360,295 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  10,803,991  Jul-14/4.3725  308,724 

 

57



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  $10,803,991  Jul-14/4.3725  $1,379,021 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA August 2022.  69,014,500  Aug-12/2.73  2,068,365 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  69,014,500  Aug-12/2.73  2,959,342 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  29,692,000  Apr-12/2.4275  763,678 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  51,393,175  Dec-11/2.28  4,625 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  51,393,175  Dec-11/2.28  2,284,427 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  50,714,521  May-16/4.745  1,070,584 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  50,714,521  May-16/4.745  4,059,495 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.5625% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing October 2021.  18,596,000  Oct-16/2.5625  397,768 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.86% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2026.  4,040,933  Jun-16/5.86  97,395 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.86% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2026.  4,040,933  Jun-16/4.86  567,460 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  25,111,120  Jun-16/5.12  457,776 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  25,111,120  Jun-16/4.12  1,492,354 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.6075% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  30,852,000  Jul-12/2.6075  1,121,470 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  29,692,000  Apr-12/2.4275  763,678 

 

58



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4475% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2022.  $25,399,000  Jan-12/2.4475  $567,668 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.225%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  36,452,670  Dec-11/2.225  2,187 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.225% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  36,452,670  Dec-11/2.225  1,539,396 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.11% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  22,461,176  May-16/5.11  410,141 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.11% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  22,461,176  May-16/4.11  1,328,107 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  86,784,700  Aug-12/2.855  2,243,385 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  86,784,700  Aug-12/2.855  4,331,424 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.6075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  30,852,000  Jul-12/2.6075  1,121,470 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  29,692,000  Apr-12/2.4275  763,678 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  33,209,608  May-16/4.7575  697,169 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  33,209,608  May-16/4.7575  2,672,576 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  126,786,296  May-16/4.77  2,647,298 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  126,786,296  May-16/4.77  10,257,772 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.7975%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
October 2021.  7,438,000  Oct-16/2.7975  190,562 

 

59



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.498% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  $29,692,000  Apr-12/2.498  $865,225 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  29,692,000  Apr-12/2.4275  763,678 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.60% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  22,005,119  May-16/4.60  501,717 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.60% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  22,005,119  May-16/4.60  1,645,609 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.765%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  41,578,327  May-16/4.765  873,810 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.765% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing May 2021.  41,578,327  May-16/4.765  3,351,421 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 3.49% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2026.  18,605,933  Sep-16/3.49  1,278,042 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 3.49% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2026.  18,605,933  Sep-16/3.49  1,443,634 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.6825% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  4,378,000  Jul-12/2.6825  176,740 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.61875% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  30,852,000  Jul-12/2.61875  1,138,439 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.60% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  6,024,000  Apr-12/2.60  209,093 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.498% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  29,692,000  Apr-12/2.498  865,225 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  29,692,000  Apr-12/2.4275  763,678 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.52% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  5,758,000  Jan-12/2.52  155,581 

 

60



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.46325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  $25,399,000  Jan-12/2.46325  $585,447 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  48,304,709  Dec-11/1.29  201,431 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  48,304,709  Dec-11/1.29  380,158 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  6,734,888  Nov-11/1.26  15,154 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  6,734,888  Nov-11/1.26  39,803 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.86% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  22,115,185  May-16/4.86  448,806 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  22,115,185  May-16/4.36  1,480,125 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.31% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  3,042,918  Nov-11/2.31  30 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.31% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  3,042,918  Nov-11/2.31  142,865 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  15,321,700  Aug-15/4.375  1,110,976 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.80% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  38,426,000  Jan-12/4.80  653 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  38,426,000  Jan-12/4.80  8,391,470 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  15,321,700  Aug-15/4.375  3,799,230 

 

61



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.46% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  $15,321,700  Aug-15/4.46  $1,045,553 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.46%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2045.  15,321,700  Aug-15/4.46  3,972,059 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.79% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  16,419,887  Jul-16/4.79  659,423 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.79%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  16,419,887  Jul-16/4.79  2,232,300 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.74% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  17,498,526  Jul-16/4.74  719,539 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.74%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  17,498,526  Jul-16/4.74  2,325,449 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  12,793,343  Jun-16/4.815  496,766 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  12,793,343  Jun-16/4.815  1,765,712 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  24,553,095  Jun-16/4.575  568,650 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  24,553,095  Jun-16/4.575  1,815,456 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.04% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2025.  86,207,400  Sep-15/4.04  4,338,818 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.04%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
September 2025.  86,207,400  Sep-15/4.04  8,360,049 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 5.27% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2025.  5,042,460  Feb-15/5.27  106,658 

 

62



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $140,120,674) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 5.27%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  $5,042,460  Feb-15/5.27  $916,114 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  10,146,020  Jul-14/4.36  291,201 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  10,146,020  Jul-14/4.36  1,286,586 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  10,812,522  Jul-14/4.29  324,138 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.29%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  10,812,522  Jul-14/4.29  1,321,528 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  5,758,100  Apr-12/4.8675  979 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  29,692,000  Apr-12/2.4275  763,678 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  5,758,100  Apr-12/4.8675  1,246,974 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.453% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  25,399,000  Jan-12/2.453  575,033 

Option on an interest rate swap with UBS AG for the       
obligation to pay a fixed rate of 0.722% versus the       
six month CHF-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2014.  CHF 15,020,000  Jan-12/0.722  202,967 

Total    $169,527,943 
 
TBA SALE COMMITMENTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (proceeds receivable $12,152,344)   
 
  Principal  Settlement   
Agency  amount  date  Value 

Federal National Mortgage Association 3 1/2s,       
November 1, 2041  $12,000,000  11/14/11  $12,201,563 

Total      $12,201,563 

 

63



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
  $59,164,600  $—  9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.45%  $(110,649) 

  66,475,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (50,166) 

  8,459,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.1825%  (91,765) 

  108,954,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.54875%  (1,411) 

  73,079,000    10/5/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.597%  67,083 

  7,870,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (95,282) 

  36,807,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.30%  (40,869) 

  14,457,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.245%  (88,924) 

  20,870,000    10/14/26  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.74%  61,222 

AUD  6,090,000    4/18/21  6.10%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (490,128) 

CAD  4,308,000    9/14/21  2.4075%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  65,195 

CAD  4,984,000    10/6/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.445%  (65,690) 

CAD  7,180,000    10/31/21  2.64%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  (18,635) 

EUR  41,500,000    6/14/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.711561%  1,102,238 

GBP  2,386,000    10/11/21  2.76%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (25,252) 

JPY  2,365,000,000    9/21/21  0.98375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  82,004 

JPY  859,000,000    10/6/21  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.98625%  (34,851) 

JPY  929,000,000    10/13/21  0.9925%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  48,393 

Barclays Bank PLC           
  $28,026,222  253,637  9/8/16  2.065%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (888,339) 

  6,715,000    9/15/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  68,202 

  43,303,600  292,010  9/16/41  3.04%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (482,861) 

  47,085,500    9/19/20  2.12%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  149,967 

  63,430,000    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.51%  (40,171) 

 

64



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$14,245,000  $—  9/19/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.035%  $237,215 

33,969,000    9/20/20  2.136%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  64,447 

101,980,200    9/22/13  0.4775%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  135,343 

29,510,000    9/22/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (308,462) 

10,373,000    9/22/41  2.975%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (43,343) 

66,475,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  (52,241) 

67,834,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (38,765) 

7,064,000    9/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.041%  (167,500) 

235,635,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.511043%  (170,640) 

328,693,100  61,982  6/17/13  0.64%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,109,449) 

17,531,000    9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.857%  (357,198) 

10,269,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.155%  (137,083) 

103,287,000    9/30/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.53%  (36,277) 

26,744,000    9/30/21  2.165%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  333,051 

35,186,000    9/30/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.25625%  (8,650) 

6,124,000    10/3/41  2.8175%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  176,116 

52,508,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.543%  (6,691) 

28,095,000    10/6/21  1.999%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  793,317 

155,395,900    3/10/18  3.06%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (13,592,041) 

79,410,000    6/28/13  0.628%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (255,148) 

4,820,000 E   4/11/22  2.265%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  91,580 

10,645,965    10/7/18  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.73%  (60,395) 

406,348,000    10/7/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.636%  (677,628) 

75,872,000    10/7/21  2.11%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  1,377,056 

 

65



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$3,001,000  $—  10/7/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.668%  $(178,583) 

44,754,670  219,298  10/11/16  1.97%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,294,139) 

6,829,000 E   4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (29,911) 

6,813,000    10/24/13  0.648%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (11,675) 

12,847,000    10/24/21  2.363%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (45,570) 

9,296,000    10/25/21  2.385%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (51,092) 

25,654,000    10/27/13  0.64625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (41,897) 

81,638,000    7/12/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7225%  405,625 

120,029,000    7/13/13  0.645%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (409,924) 

26,457,437  (407,445)  9/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.14%  1,647,966 

31,356,962  (597,350)  10/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.17%  1,839,235 

29,190,100  37,632  3/30/31  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  4.17%  6,024,032 

63,322,000    7/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.635%  195,236 

69,467,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (85,640) 

6,402,000    10/28/41  2.9525%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  21,749 

2,583,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.329%  (199) 

6,330,000    10/31/21  2.5575%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (133,045) 

21,350,000    10/31/21  2.55%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (434,005) 

5,835,000    10/31/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.2025%  279,836 

69,959,000    11/1/21  2.54%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,336,916) 

43,379,000    11/1/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.205%  2,078,722 

6,842,000    11/2/41  3.052%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (114,604) 

1,338,000    8/17/41  3.343%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (109,938) 

127,571,600  127,142  8/17/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.22%  253,683 

 

66



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
  $70,323,500  $(752,050)  8/17/41  3.32%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(6,199,209) 

  157,168,596    8/18/13  0.439%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  267,166 

  273,444,428 E   3/21/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.44125%  (333,602) 

  15,244,000    8/31/21  2.348%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (108,955) 

  38,710,000  (221,615)  9/8/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.14%  1,497,773 

  59,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (741,970) 

  63,919,000    8/31/13  0.509%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  27,330 

  37,540,000    9/6/20  2.231%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (271,574) 

  4,841,000    9/6/41  3.2375%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (285,677) 

  120,460,000    9/6/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.48875%  (110,522) 

  31,135,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.17%  (316,914) 

  31,135,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (288,122) 

  883,000    9/8/41  2.958%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,564) 

  8,913,000    9/12/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  88,792 

  2,668,000    9/12/41  3.012%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (33,355) 

  21,778,000    9/12/21  2.178%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  213,497 

AUD  12,810,000    10/13/21  5.0575%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  48,835 

AUD  20,080,000    3/21/16  5.57%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (843,364) 

AUD  15,270,000    3/21/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  5.88%  995,434 

AUD  9,600,000    4/21/21  6.0675%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (750,970) 

EUR  75,990,000    6/15/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.67%  1,927,083 

EUR  94,987,500    6/15/13  1.95%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (2,238,658) 

EUR  7,901,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.532%  (29,636) 

 

67



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
EUR  2,836,000  $—  10/4/21  2.542%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  $8,407 

EUR  6,183,000    10/12/21  2.675%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (78,796) 

EUR  11,870,000    10/14/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.73%  229,173 

GBP  11,994,000    9/26/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.54%  (233,054) 

GBP  2,677,000    10/3/21  2.5675%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  43,594 

GBP  6,290,000    8/8/21  2.9785%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (315,067) 

GBP  2,816,000    8/15/31  3.60%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (285,624) 

GBP  9,510,000 E   2/3/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.86%  846,364 

Citibank, N.A.           
  $9,914,000    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.459%  (16,762) 

  4,949,000    9/23/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.136%  (72,110) 

  40,770,200  (18,805)  9/26/13  0.49%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  26,110 

  1,966,300  (23,181)  9/26/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.09%  (60,691) 

  29,754,000    9/30/18  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.73625%  (133,372) 

  96,845,000    10/3/13  0.55625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (12,772) 

  80,998,250    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.04%  (896,091) 

  73,377,250    10/3/21  2.159%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  978,892 

  4,600,000    10/3/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.804%  (144,941) 

  2,734,000 E   10/7/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.0625%  (50,005) 

  6,829,000 E   4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (29,911) 

  12,625,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  60,395 

  35,607,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (43,897) 

  105,903,100  (219,938)  8/25/20  2.10%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  62,708 

 

68



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A. cont.           
  $82,558,100  $211,607  8/25/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.24%  $898 

SEK  26,518,200    10/3/21  2.555%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  22,823 

SEK  26,840,000    10/4/21  2.50%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  42,874 

SEK  85,436,000    7/8/16  3.275%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (666,726) 

SEK  90,898,000    7/11/16  3.2825%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (711,565) 

Credit Suisse International         
  $92,112,000    9/20/13  0.52125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  39,262 

  69,000,300    9/21/13  0.50%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  59,748 

  58,550,000    9/29/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.52375%  (28,059) 

  113,397,550    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.055%  (1,112,591) 

  102,728,150    10/3/21  2.172%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,248,190 

  47,700,000 E   3/21/13  1.15625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (280,476) 

  45,013,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.65375%  88,903 

  6,829,000 E   4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (29,911) 

  73,085,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.68%  181,955 

  4,781,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  22,871 

  244,766,100  (50,076)  2/24/15  2.04%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (10,756,510) 

  70,866,000    10/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.65%  118,921 

  130,956,000    11/1/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.63%  167,624 

  18,749,000    11/2/13  0.5825%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (6,000) 

  44,024,000    11/2/13  0.56%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  5,723 

  95,459,000    8/8/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.57375%  105,650 

  2,671,000    8/18/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.3688%  233,315 

  2,719,000    8/24/41  3.0775%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (74,219) 

 

69



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse International cont.         
  $90,653,300  $—  8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.493%  $(68,374) 

  59,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (741,970) 

  31,135,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.17%  (316,914) 

  11,801,000    9/14/41  2.944%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  18,216 

  379,199,200  27,039  5/27/13  0.72%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,002,341) 

CHF  15,908,000    9/28/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.405%  (121,708) 

CHF  4,466,000    10/5/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.44%  (16,699) 

CHF  2,480,000    10/7/21  1.465%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  2,623 

CHF  3,300,000    10/10/21  1.45%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  9,810 

CHF  4,180,000    10/14/21  1.535%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (23,187) 

GBP  5,550,000    10/12/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.7875%  80,104 

GBP  6,292,000    8/15/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.91%  247,166 

Deutsche Bank AG           
  $18,539,000    9/14/21  2.145%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  240,576 

  8,770,000    9/14/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.95%  (2,770) 

  27,432,000    9/19/14  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.6625%  (14,742) 

  40,913,000    9/27/18  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.515%  (783,459) 

  67,834,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (38,765) 

  15,165,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.165%  (188,506) 

  8,459,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.1875%  (87,922) 

  129,597,200    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.034%  (1,499,149) 

  117,403,600    10/3/21  2.153%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,631,346 

  10,781,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.56125%  2,370 

  5,263,000    10/4/14  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.7175%  3,358 

 

70



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
$153,102,720  $—  10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.792%  $430,924 

64,675,701    10/7/16  1.3045%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (104,339) 

105,208,680    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.532%  (218,315) 

1,383,000 E   10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.0475%  (26,194) 

102,068,480    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.787%  272,040 

43,117,134    10/7/16  1.30125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (62,567) 

70,139,120    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.529%  (158,308) 

19,022,265    10/7/16  1.303%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (29,147) 

13,011,735    10/7/18  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.7265%  (76,839) 

6,829,000 E   4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (29,911) 

5,547,000 E   4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  10,650 

6,382,000    10/14/41  2.94375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  24,700 

90,830,000    10/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.6505%  153,331 

12,099,000    11/1/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.21%  592,125 

15,833,400  8,450  7/18/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.96%  177,539 

131,984,000    7/27/13  0.6325%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (401,612) 

16,818,000    11/2/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (50,790) 

61,138,800    8/15/41  3.300791%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (4,505,826) 

93,685,000    8/17/18  1.84%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (563,644) 

3,149,000    8/18/41  3.37%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (275,864) 

26,694,900    8/24/16  1.23%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (26,374) 

44,802,200    8/24/21  2.271%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (17,715) 

28,771,400    8/24/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.081%  805,971 

152,433,700    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (72,012) 

 

71



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
  $87,158,300  $—  8/30/21  2.4075%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(1,078,519) 

  37,523,700    8/30/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.2425%  2,277,911 

  362,669,700  (64,076)  5/13/13  0.75%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,272,722) 

  79,359,400    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (59,922) 

  59,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (741,970) 

  26,297,400    9/12/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.2125%  (174,519) 

  16,594,300    9/12/41  3.065%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (387,045) 

  10,440,000    9/14/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.175%  (32,919) 

  31,649,737  (1,012,792)  8/25/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.09%  6,397,976 

EUR  22,470,000    12/23/20  3.325%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (2,769,548) 

KRW   8,419,000,000    8/16/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.42%  (41,613) 

KRW   8,401,000,000    5/9/16  4.115%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (193,158) 

KRW  8,401,000,000    4/22/16  4.135%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (189,734) 

KRW   8,331,000,000    4/29/16  4.14%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (189,636) 

Goldman Sachs International         
  $47,085,500    9/19/20  2.13375%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  96,005 

  63,430,000    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.515%  (34,093) 

  14,245,000    9/19/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.05%  280,769 

  1,899,000    9/20/41  3.065%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (43,090) 

  50,390,700    9/21/13  0.50%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  43,633 

  74,007,800    9/22/13  0.478%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  97,439 

  51,640,600    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4525%  (94,376) 

 

72



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
$53,567,000  $—  9/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  $(42,097) 

42,688,000    9/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.93875%  (1,406,705) 

52,446,296  (1,906,423)  9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.99%  9,137,817 

25,956,000    9/28/41  2.69625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  1,378,032 

67,826,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5125%  (47,670) 

1,000,000    9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.87%  (17,724) 

9,536,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.15125%  (130,477) 

10,289,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.558%  1,793 

46,927,000    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7775%  111,871 

19,137,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.16%  (266,734) 

6,829,000 E   4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (29,911) 

5,547,000 E   4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  10,650 

12,819,000    10/14/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3745%  70,259 

6,916,000    10/17/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (29,889) 

3,904,000    10/17/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65375%  7,442 

15,637,000    10/18/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65875%  32,236 

32,636,000    10/18/21  2.40125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (270,968) 

22,508,000    10/21/13  0.632%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (32,181) 

1,283,000    10/21/21  2.36%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (4,554) 

2,590,000    10/21/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.94125%  (12,688) 

96,064,000    7/25/13  0.65625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (338,977) 

59,908,700 E   3/19/13  1.09375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (315,120) 

118,243,000    7/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.63%  355,019 

25,436,300    10/25/21  2.39625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (166,303) 

 

73



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
  $28,114,000  $—  10/26/13  0.64875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(47,795) 

  13,123,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.3825%  67,988 

  17,434,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.005%  133,846 

  1,428,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.415%  11,646 

  5,473,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.0375%  78,164 

  1,033,000    10/27/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.435%  10,229 

  20,000,500    10/31/41  3.10275%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (553,176) 

  46,370,000    8/24/16  1.235%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (57,373) 

  27,350,000    8/24/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.2625%  (10,678) 

  1,350,000    8/24/41  3.075%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (36,155) 

  148,020,000    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.48375%  (140,915) 

  57,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (716,819) 

  67,398,200  430,639  5/9/41  4.09%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (16,091,177) 

  35,773,000    9/1/20  2.225%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (258,163) 

  4,711,000    9/1/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.195%  238,958 

  6,349,000    9/6/21  2.2575%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  12,668 

  10,791,000    9/13/41  3.023%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (158,311) 

EUR  32,400,000    6/21/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.632%  946,028 

EUR  11,600,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (32,161) 

EUR  22,500,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (62,382) 

EUR  2,540,000    10/6/21  2.439%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  40,199 

EUR  54,940,000    5/26/13  2.224%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (1,017,916) 

 

74



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
GBP  5,404,000 E $—  9/22/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.06%  $47,182 

GBP  2,816,000    9/23/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.1175%  (59,787) 

GBP  5,106,000 E   9/23/31  3.99%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (8,867) 

GBP  2,120,000    10/6/21  2.525%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  51,399 

GBP  4,904,000 E   8/9/31  4.605%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (309,886) 

GBP  4,904,000 E   8/10/31  4.5175%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (266,675) 

KRW  13,387,000,000    9/19/16  3.395%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  80,017 

KRW  25,634,000,000    7/11/16  4.035%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (504,501) 

KRW    8,051,000,000   4/21/16  4.12%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (177,534) 

KRW  19,570,919,000    8/2/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.845%  249,467 

SEK  15,600,000    9/9/21  2.65%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (6,852) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.         
  $9,579,200    3/9/26  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.07%  1,668,630 

  95,500,000 E   3/21/13  1.1685%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (573,000) 

  68,100,000 E   3/22/13  1.185%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (420,177) 

  49,144,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.51375%  (31,698) 

  400,000,000    9/27/21  1.86625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  15,859,058 

  400,000,000    9/27/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.995%  (11,134,419) 

  67,834,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (38,765) 

  17,401,000  (582,934)  9/8/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.0275%  3,247,652 

  73,129,200    7/11/13  0.715%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (352,964) 

  26,928,000    7/19/21  3.074%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,103,699) 

  19,805,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (218,984) 

 

75



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
$8,380,000  $—  9/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.203%  $(75,173) 

15,791,000    10/3/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.184%  (174,508) 

7,064,000    10/4/41  2.75%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  300,776 

41,365,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.58%  24,565 

7,137,000    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.068%  (156,998) 

6,170,000    10/11/21  2.2395%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  41,055 

6,829,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (29,911) 

46,602,000    10/14/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.677%  111,345 

7,844,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  37,523 

31,413,500    10/19/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.387%  194,736 

49,821,000    10/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65%  82,345 

2,996,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.396%  18,134 

6,193,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.351%  11,970 

20,000,500    10/31/41  3.235%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,091,589) 

19,368,500    11/1/21  2.445%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (201,626) 

174,101,000    11/2/13  0.5925%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (90,533) 

141,285,400  (570,720)  8/3/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.92%  8,185,404 

60,113,000    8/19/13  0.4475%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  92,166 

8,038,000    8/19/41  3.299%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (586,772) 

7,189,000    8/23/41  3.088%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (212,318) 

6,610,000    8/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4225%  90,883 

63,487,500    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.50%  (38,890) 

1,533,000    9/2/41  3.187%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (75,129) 

32,609,000    9/2/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.35%  223,894 

 

76



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
  $55,944,000  $—  9/14/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.124%  $(833,800) 

  68,220,000    9/14/21  2.1575%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  807,073 

  7,902,000    9/15/41  2.984%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (51,677) 

  16,284,000    9/19/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.231%  (12,411) 

CAD  15,854,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  271,391 

CAD  25,694,000    9/21/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.3911%  (439,834) 

CAD  3,390,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  58,031 

CAD  6,139,000    9/27/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.415%  (94,178) 

CAD  6,827,000    10/7/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.5125%  (49,511) 

CAD  6,902,000    10/14/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.6575%  36,985 

EUR  75,990,000    6/13/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.74%  2,078,956 

EUR  75,990,000    6/13/13  1.9865%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (1,862,658) 

GBP  2,914,000    10/14/21  2.812%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (51,603) 

JPY  644,000,000    2/22/21  1.36375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (335,187) 

JPY  979,460,000    5/25/15  0.674375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (144,412) 

JPY  976,750,000    9/16/15  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.59125%  93,257 

JPY  36,800,000 E   7/28/29  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.67%  12,921 

JPY  49,400,000 E   7/28/39  2.40%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (5,459) 

JPY  867,000,000    9/12/21  1.02375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (19,371) 

MXN  14,762,000    9/11/20  6.82%  1 month MXN-   
          TIIE-BANXICO  (40,450) 

MXN  19,089,000    9/14/20  6.82%  1 month MXN-   
          TIIE-BANXICO  (51,987) 

MXN  63,220,000    7/30/20  6.3833%  1 month MXN-   
          TIIE-BANXICO  (43,292) 

MXN  6,909,000    7/30/20  6.3833%  1 month MXN-   
          TIIE-BANXICO  (4,731) 

 

77



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
MXN  63,220,000  $—  8/19/20  1 month MXN-     
        TIIE-BANXICO  6.615%  $105,870 

MXN  40,760,000    11/4/20  1 month MXN-     
        TIIE-BANXICO  6.75%  93,778 

UBS, AG           
AUD  13,990,000    9/27/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  4.79%  (352,369) 

AUD  12,501,000    9/27/16  4.46%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  117,290 

CHF  74,153,000    5/23/13  0.7625%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,072,009) 

Total            $(31,852,921) 
 
E See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding extended effective dates.     
  
TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11     
 
    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
  $13,686,556  $(38,493)  1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  $26,522 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

Barclays Bank PLC           
  1,937,213    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  13,608 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  9,154,024    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  56,194 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  20,598,484    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  187,322 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  13,383,997    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  94,019 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  10,075,612    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  62,894 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  56,019,359    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (166,134) 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

 

78



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$13,795,261  $—  1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $86,113 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,114,091    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  31,923 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

45,809,542    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (135,855) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

33,164,881    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  207,023 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

13,733,623    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  67,837 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

1,605,196    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  7,119 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,760,000    4/7/16  (2.63%)  USA Non Revised  (103,899) 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban   
        (CPI-U)   

13,686,556  263,038  1/12/40  (5.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  199,909 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,114,091    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  31,924 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

33,502,997    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (99,358) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

24,359,332    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  120,323 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

 

79



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$1,536,692  $—  1/12/41  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $10,393 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,317,433    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  32,643 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

18,528,662    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  113,743 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

56,648,788    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  353,615 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

14,007,496    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  87,438 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

708,302    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  4,421 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

1,697,688    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  11,926 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,505,578    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  38,675 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

3,991,387    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  28,038 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

4,769,245    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  43,371 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

24,418,377    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  75,204 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Ginnie   
        Mae II pools   

 

80



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A.           
$2,852,811  $—  1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $17,808 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

37,625,772    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  251,313 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,367,824    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  14,781 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

Credit Suisse International         
378,744    1/12/41  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  2,562 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

3,409,394    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  21,282 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

14,701,500    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  98,195 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

17,060,435    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (50,595) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

Deutsche Bank AG           
18,539,368    1/12/39  (6.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  156,045 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

17,060,435    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (50,595) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

Goldman Sachs International         
3,290,000    3/1/16  2.47%  USA Non Revised  26,550 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban   
        (CPI-U)   

2,467,500    3/3/16  2.45%  USA Non Revised  17,445 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban   
        (CPI-U)   

 

81



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.     
 
    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
  $16,660,857  $—  1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $104,001 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00% 30   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  21,583,156    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  196,276 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

EUR  17,506,000    10/18/13  (1.7775%)  Eurostat Eurozone  (43,844) 
          HICP excluding   
          tobacco   

Total          $2,248,175 
   

 

CREDIT DEFAULT CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11       
 
    Upfront      Fixed payments   
    premium    Termi-  received   
Swap counterparty /    received  Notional  nation  (paid) by fund  Unrealized 
Referenced debt*  Rating***  (paid)**  amount  date  per annum  appreciation 

Credit Suisse International           
Bonos Y Oblig Del             
Estado, 5 1/2%,             
7/30/17    $(5,786)  $650,000  12/20/19   (100 bp)  $88,314 

Deutsche Bank AG             
France, Gov’t of,             
4.25%, 04/25/2019    9,480  10,140,000  6/20/15  (100 bp)  183,952 

Total            $272,266 

 

*Payments related to the referenced debt are made upon a credit default event.

** Upfront premium is based on the difference between the original spread on issue and the market spread on day of execution.

***Ratings are presented for credit default contracts in which the fund has sold protection on the underlying referenced debt. Ratings for an underlying index represent the average of the ratings of all the securities included in that index.

82



ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.

Level 2 — Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:

    Valuation inputs   

Investments in securities:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Asset-backed securities  $—  $52,218,616  $— 

Corporate bonds and notes    233,958,168   

Foreign government bonds and notes    27,989,156   

Mortgage-backed securities    547,954,076  2,210,523 

Purchased options outstanding    78,158,420   

Senior loans    51,126,980   

U.S. Government agency obligations    1,511,216   

U.S. Government and agency mortgage obligations    434,838,098   

U.S. Treasury obligations    389,260   

Short-term investments  94,518,953  584,658,803   

Totals by level  $94,518,953  $2,012,802,793  $2,210,523 
 
    Valuation inputs   

Other financial instruments:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Forward currency contracts  $—  $(6,676,404)  $— 

Futures contracts  (197,090)     

Written options    (169,527,943)   

TBA sale commitments    (12,201,563)   

Interest rate swap contracts    (27,094,952)   

Total return swap contracts    2,023,630   

Credit default contracts    268,572   

Totals by level  $(197,090)  $(213,208,660)  $— 

 

At the start and/or close of the reporting period, Level 3 investments in securities were not considered a significant portion of the fund’s portfolio.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

83



Statement of assets and liabilities 10/31/11   
 
ASSETS   

Investment in securities, at value (Note 1):   
Unaffiliated issuers (identified cost $2,016,734,723)  $2,015,013,316 
Affiliated issuers (identified cost $94,518,953) (Note 6)  94,518,953 

Cash  698,437 

Foreign currency (cost $4,720) (Note 1)  4,602 

Interest and other receivables  8,527,159 

Receivable for shares of the fund sold  6,925,885 

Receivable for investments sold  34,584,606 

Receivable for sales of delayed delivery securities (Note 1)  12,167,510 

Unrealized appreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  91,264,724 

Premiums paid on swap contracts (Note 1)  6,471,684 

Receivable for variation margin (Note 1)  127,253 

Unrealized appreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  9,175,259 

Total assets  2,279,479,388 
 
LIABILITIES   

Payable for investments purchased  16,491,182 

Payable for purchases of delayed delivery securities (Note 1)  408,000,786 

Payable for shares of the fund repurchased  10,285,787 

Payable for compensation of Manager (Note 2)  243,182 

Payable for investor servicing fees (Note 2)  187,004 

Payable for custodian fees (Note 2)  44,303 

Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  28,576 

Payable for administrative services (Note 2)  6,144 

Payable for distribution fees (Note 2)  438,067 

Unrealized depreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  120,597,204 

Premiums received on swap contracts (Note 1)  1,941,954 

Unrealized depreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  15,851,663 

TBA sale commitments, at value (proceeds receivable $12,152,344) (Note 1)  12,201,563 

Written options outstanding, at value (premiums received $140,120,674) (Notes 1 and 3)  169,527,943 

Other accrued expenses  259,607 

Total liabilities  756,104,965 
 
Net assets  $1,523,374,423 

 
REPRESENTED BY   

Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4)  $1,581,693,987 

Undistributed net investment income (Note 1)  16,529,880 

Accumulated net realized loss on investments and foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (7,519,033) 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies  (67,330,411) 

Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding  $1,523,374,423 
 
(Continued on next page)   

 

84



Statement of assets and liabilities (Continued)   
 
COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE   

Net asset value and redemption price per class A share   
($830,295,554 divided by 79,987,353 shares)  $10.38 

Offering price per class A share (100/99.00 of $10.38)*  $10.48 

Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($16,065,713 divided by 1,556,088 shares)**  $10.32 

Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($291,441,929 divided by 28,459,539 shares)**  $10.24 

Net asset value and redemption price per class M share ($17,639,172 divided by 1,704,401 shares)  $10.35 

Offering price per class M share (100/99.25 of $10.35)*  $10.43 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R share   
($800,865 divided by 77,449 shares)  $10.34 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class Y share   
($367,131,190 divided by 35,215,720 shares)  $10.43 

 

* On single retail sales of less than $500,000. On sales of $500,000 or more the offering price is reduced.

** Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

85



Statement of operations Year ended 10/31/11   
 
INVESTMENT INCOME   

Interest (net of foreign tax of $39,965) (including interest income of $97,973 from investments   
in affiliated issuers) (Note 6)  $62,419,627 
 
EXPENSES   

Compensation of Manager (Note 2)  8,489,870 

Investor servicing fees (Note 2)  1,910,014 

Custodian fees (Note 2)  146,300 

Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  93,671 

Administrative services (Note 2)  39,662 

Distribution fees — Class A (Note 2)  1,849,077 

Distribution fees — Class B (Note 2)  71,417 

Distribution fees — Class C (Note 2)  2,711,412 

Distribution fees — Class M (Note 2)  52,536 

Distribution fees — Class R (Note 2)  3,826 

Other  578,618 

Fees waived and reimbursed by Manager (Note 2)  (2,492,452) 

Total expenses  13,453,951 
 
Expense reduction (Note 2)  (6,819) 

Net expenses  13,447,132 
 
Net investment income  48,972,495 

 
Net realized gain on investments (Notes 1 and 3)  24,389,946 

Net realized loss on swap contracts (Note 1)  (41,524,000) 

Net realized loss on futures contracts (Note 1)  (9,889,465) 

Net realized loss on foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (9,866,252) 

Net realized gain on written options (Notes 1 and 3)  4,214,366 

Net unrealized depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies during the year  (7,210,913) 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments, futures contracts, swap contracts,   
written options and TBA sale commitments during the year  (55,598,038) 

Net loss on investments  (95,484,356) 
 
Net decrease in net assets resulting from operations  $(46,511,861) 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

86



Statement of changes in net assets     
 
INCREASE IN NET ASSETS  Year ended 10/31/11  Year ended 10/31/10 

Operations:     
Net investment income  $48,972,495  $25,798,823 

Net realized gain (loss) on investments     
and foreign currency transactions  (32,675,405)  2,630,250 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments     
and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies  (62,808,951)  (9,401,686) 

Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting     
from operations  (46,511,861)  19,027,387 

Distributions to shareholders (Note 1):     
From ordinary income     
Net investment income     

Class A  (16,056,244)  (1,325,251) 

Class B  (394,628)  (55,453) 

Class C  (5,426,425)  (623,791) 

Class M  (416,717)  (29,907) 

Class R  (17,871)  (695) 

Class Y  (8,311,662)  (1,041,683) 

Net realized short-term gain on investments     

Class A  (1,060,382)   

Class B  (28,976)   

Class C  (450,415)   

Class M  (27,781)   

Class R  (1,247)   

Class Y  (521,030)   

From net realized long-term gain on investments     
Class A  (1,161,372)   

Class B  (31,736)   

Class C  (493,311)   

Class M  (30,427)   

Class R  (1,365)   

Class Y  (570,651)   

Redemption fees (Note 1)    6,114 

Increase from capital share transactions (Note 4)  608,933,232  731,345,121 

Total increase in net assets  527,419,131  747,301,842 
 
NET ASSETS     

Beginning of year  995,955,292  248,653,450 

End of year (including undistributed net investment     
income of $16,529,880 and $21,780,077, respectively)  $1,523,374,423  $995,955,292 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

87



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio  Ratio   
      Net realized      From            of expenses  of net investment   
  Net asset value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized        Total return  Net assets,  to average  income (loss)  Portfolio 
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss)  investment  net investment  gain  Total  Redemption  Net asset value,  at net asset  end of period  net assets  to average  turnover 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  on investments  operations  income  on investments  distributions  fees  end of period  value (%) b  (in thousands)  (%) c  net assets (%)  (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.92  .38  (.56)  (.18)  (.32)  (.04)  (.36)    $10.38  (1.72)  $830,296  .87 d  3.55 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.65  .45  (.08)  .37  (.10)    (.10)  f  10.92  3.53  498,715  1.09  4.18  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .32  .33  .65  f    f  f  10.65  6.52*  107,098  1.11*d  3.02*d  39* 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.86  .37  (.58)  (.21)  (.29)  (.04)  (.33)    $10.32  (2.03)  $16,066  1.07 d  3.48 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.60  .41  (.08)  .33  (.07)    (.07)  f  10.86  3.17  14,957  1.41  3.81  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .26  .34  .60  f    f  f  10.60  6.01*  6,056  1.63*d  2.49*d  39* 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.80  .30  (.57)  (.27)  (.25)  (.04)  (.29)    $10.24  (2.53)  $291,442  1.62 d  2.86 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.59  .37  (.08)  .29  (.08)    (.08)  f  10.80  2.76  220,223  1.84  3.40  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .28  .31  .59  f    f  f  10.59  5.91*  58,151  1.76*d  2.66*d  39* 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.90  .38  (.57)  (.19)  (.32)  (.04)  (.36)    $10.35  (1.85)  $17,639  .92 d  3.56 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.63  .45  (.08)  .37  (.10)    (.10)  f  10.90  3.51  13,405  1.16  4.12  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .29  .34  .63  f    f  f  10.63  6.32*  1,926  1.24*d  2.74*d  39* 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.89  .36  (.57)  (.21)  (.30)  (.04)  (.34)    $10.34  (1.98)  $801  1.12 d  3.35 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.62  .43  (.08)  .35  (.08)    (.08)  f  10.89  3.28  553  1.34  3.95  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .30  .32  .62  f    f  f  10.62  6.22*  88  1.33*d  2.87*d  39* 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.96  .41  (.56)  (.15)  (.34)  (.04)  (.38)    $10.43  (1.47)  $367,131  .62 d  3.82 d  188 e 
October 31, 2010  10.67  .48  (.08)  .40  (.11)    (.11)  f  10.96  3.81  248,102  .84  4.41  219 e 
October 31, 2009 †  10.00  .39  .28  .67  f    f  f  10.67  6.72*  75,335  .90*d  3.67*d  39* 

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements (Note 2).

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts (Note 2):

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.18% 

October 31, 2009  0.15 

 

e Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.

f Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

88  89 

 



Notes to financial statements 10/31/11

Note 1: Significant accounting policies

Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund (the fund) is a diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust (the Trust), a Massachusetts business trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as an open-end management investment company. The investment objective of the fund is to seek to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 300 basis points (or 3.00%) on an annualized basis over a reasonable period of time (generally at least three years or more) regardless of market conditions. The fund is designed to pursue a consistent absolute return through a broadly diversified portfolio reflecting uncorrelated fixed-income strategies designed to exploit market inefficiencies across global markets and fixed-income sectors. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in securitized debt instruments, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed investments. The yields and values of these investments are sensitive to changes in interest rates, the rate of principal payments on the underlying assets and the market’s perception of the issuers. The market for these investments may be volatile and limited, which may make them difficult to buy or sell.

The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M, class R and class Y shares. Class A and class M shares are sold with a maximum front-end sales charge of 1.00% and 0.75%, respectively, and generally do not pay a contingent deferred sales charge. Class B shares, which convert to class A shares after approximately eight years, do not pay a front-end sales charge and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within two years of purchase. Class C shares have a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge and do not convert to class A shares. Class R shares, which are not available to all investors, are sold at net asset value. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares may differ based on the distribution fee of each class, which is identified in Note 2. Class Y shares, which are sold at net asset value, are generally subject to the same expenses as class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, but do not bear a distribution fee. Class Y shares are not available to all investors.

Prior to April 5, 2010, the maximum front-end sales charge for class A and class M shares was 3.25% and 2.00%, respectively. Prior to April 5, 2010, class B shares were subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares were redeemed within four years of purchase.

Prior to August 2, 2010, a 1.00% redemption fee applied to certain shares that were redeemed (either by selling or exchanging into another fund) within 7 days of purchase. The redemption fee was accounted for as an addition to paid-in-capital. Effective August 2, 2010, this redemption fee no longer applies to shares redeemed.

Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. If the fund were liquidated, shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.

In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011.

A) Security valuation Market quotations are not considered to be readily available for certain debt obligations and other investments; such investments are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by an independent pricing service approved by the Trustees or dealers selected by Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management), the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC. Such services or dealers determine valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional

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traders, between securities (which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities and ratings). These securities will generally be categorized as Level 2. Securities quoted in foreign currencies, if any, are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate.

To the extent a pricing service or dealer is unable to value a security or provides a valuation that Putnam Management does not believe accurately reflects the security’s fair value, the security will be valued at fair value by Putnam Management. Certain investments, including certain restricted and illiquid securities and derivatives, are also valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. These valuations consider such factors as significant market or specific security events such as interest rate or credit quality changes, various relationships with other securities, discount rates, U.S. Treasury, U.S. swap and credit yields, index levels, convexity exposures and recovery rates. These securities are classified as Level 2 or as Level 3 depending on the priority of the significant inputs.

Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. Certain securities may be valued on the basis of a price provided by a single source. The fair value of securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a security in a current sale and does not reflect an actual market price, which may be different by a material amount.

B) Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (the date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis.

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. All premiums/discounts are amortized/accreted on a yield-to-maturity basis.

Securities purchased or sold on a forward commitment or delayed delivery basis may be settled a month or more after the trade date; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Losses may arise due to changes in the market value of the underlying securities or if the counterparty does not perform under the contract.

The fund earned certain fees in connection with its senior loan purchasing activities. These fees are treated as market discount and are amortized into income in the Statement of operations.

C) Stripped securities The fund may invest in stripped securities which represent a participation in securities that may be structured in classes with rights to receive different portions of the interest and principal. Interest-only securities receive all of the interest and principal-only securities receive all of the principal. If the interest-only securities experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, principal-only securities increase in value if prepayments are greater than anticipated and decline if prepayments are slower than anticipated. The market value of these securities is highly sensitive to changes in interest rates.

D) Foreign currency translation The accounting records of the fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. The market value of foreign securities, currency holdings, and other assets and liabilities is recorded in the books and records of the fund after translation to U.S. dollars based on the exchange rates on that day. The cost of each security is determined using historical exchange rates. Income and withholding taxes are translated at prevailing exchange rates when earned or incurred. The fund does not isolate that portion of realized or unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in the foreign exchange rate on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of the securities. Such gains and losses are included with the net realized and unrealized gain or loss on investments. Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions represent net realized exchange gains or losses on closed forward currency contracts, disposition of foreign currencies, currency gains and losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on securities transactions and the difference between the amount of investment income and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies arise from changes in the value of open forward currency contracts and assets and liabilities other than investments at the period end, resulting from changes in the exchange rate. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks, including those related to economic instability, unfavorable political developments, and currency fluctuations, not present with domestic investments. The fund may be subject to taxes imposed by governments of countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on either income or gains earned or repatriated. The fund accrues and applies such taxes to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized gains as income and/or capital gains are earned. In some cases, the fund may be entitled to reclaim all or a portion of such taxes, and such reclaim amounts, if any, are reflected as an asset on the fund’s books. In many cases, however, the fund may not receive such amounts for an extended period of time, depending on the country of investment.

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E) Futures contracts The fund uses futures contracts to hedge interest rate risk and to gain exposure to interest rates. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. With futures, there is minimal counterparty credit risk to the fund since futures are exchange traded and the exchange’s clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange traded futures, guarantees the futures against default. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. When the contract is closed, the fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed.

Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices established by the exchange on which they trade. The fund and the broker agree to exchange an amount of cash equal to the daily fluctuation in the value of the futures contract. Such receipts or payments are known as “variation margin.” Futures contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average number of contracts of approximately 3,000 on futures contracts for the reporting period.

F) Options contracts The fund uses options contracts to hedge duration, convexity and prepayment risk, to gain exposure to interest rates and to hedge against changes in values of securities it owns, owned or expects to own. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of options contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. Realized gains and losses on purchased options are included in realized gains and losses on investment securities. If a written call option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as an addition to sales proceeds. If a written put option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as a reduction to the cost of investments.

Exchange traded options are valued at the last sale price or, if no sales are reported, the last bid price for purchased options and the last ask price for written options. Options traded over-the-counter are valued using prices supplied by dealers. Written option contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. See Note 3 for the volume of written options contracts activity for the reporting period. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately $1,344,700,000 on purchased options contracts for the reporting period.

G) Forward currency contracts The fund buys and sells forward currency contracts, which are agreements between two parties to buy and sell currencies at a set price on a future date. These contracts are used to gain exposure on currency. The U.S. dollar value of forward currency contracts is determined using current forward currency exchange rates supplied by a quotation service. The market value of the contract will fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. The fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed when the contract matures or by delivery of the currency. The fund could be exposed to risk if the value of the currency changes unfavorably, if the counterparties to the contracts are unable to meet the terms of their contracts or if the fund is unable to enter into a closing position. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Forward currency contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately $603,800,000 on forward currency contracts for the reporting period.

H) Total return swap contracts The fund entered into total return swap contracts, which are arrangements to exchange a market linked return for a periodic payment, both based on a notional principal amount to gain exposure to rates of inflation in specific regions/countries and to hedge inflation in specific regions/countries. To the extent that the total return of the security, index or other financial measure underlying the transaction exceeds or falls short of the offsetting interest rate obligation, the fund will receive a payment from or make a payment to the counterparty. Total return swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or losses. Certain total return swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index, the possibility that there is no liquid market for these agreements or that the counterparty may default on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities.

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Total return swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. Outstanding notional amount on total return swap contracts at the close of the reporting period are indicative of the volume of activity during the reporting period.

I) Interest rate swap contracts The fund entered into interest rate swap contracts, which are arrangements between two parties to exchange cash flows based on a notional principal amount, to hedge interest rate risk and to gain exposure on interest rates. An interest rate swap can be purchased or sold with an upfront premium. An upfront payment received by the fund is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Upfront payments are recorded as realized gains and losses at the closing of the contract. Interest rate swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or losses. Certain interest rate swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or if the counterparty defaults on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Interest rate swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $6,357,000,000 on interest rate swap contracts for the reporting period.

J) Credit default contracts The fund entered into credit default contracts to hedge credit risk. In a credit default contract, the protection buyer typically makes an up front payment and a periodic stream of payments to a counterparty, the protection seller, in exchange for the right to receive a contingent payment upon the occurrence of a credit event on the reference obligation or all other equally ranked obligations of the reference entity. Credit events are contract specific but may include bankruptcy, failure to pay, restructuring and obligation acceleration. An upfront payment received by the fund, as the protection seller, is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund, as the protection buyer, is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Periodic payments received or paid by the fund are recorded as realized gains or losses. The credit default contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Upon the occurrence of a credit event, the difference between the par value and market value of the reference obligation, net of any proportional amount of the upfront payment, is recorded as a realized gain or loss.

In addition to bearing the risk that the credit event will occur, the fund could be exposed to market risk due to unfavorable changes in interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index or the possibility that the fund may be unable to close out its position at the same time or at the same price as if it had purchased the underlying reference obligations. In certain circumstances, the fund may enter into offsetting credit default contracts which would mitigate its risk of loss. Risks of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk, either as the protection seller or as the protection buyer, is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Where the fund is a seller of protection, the maximum potential amount of future payments the fund may be required to make is equal to the notional amount of the relevant credit default contract. Credit default contracts outstanding, including their respective notional amounts at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $33,000,000 on credit default swap contracts for the reporting period.

K) Master agreements The fund is a party to ISDA (International Swap and Derivatives Association, Inc.) Master Agreements (Master Agreements) with certain counterparties that govern over-the-counter derivative and foreign exchange contracts entered into from time to time. The Master Agreements may contain provisions regarding, among other things, the parties’ general obligations, representations, agreements, collateral requirements, events of default and early termination. With respect to certain counterparties, in accordance with the terms of the Master Agreements, collateral posted to the fund is held in a segregated account by the fund’s custodian and with respect to those amounts which can be sold or repledged, are presented in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral posted to the fund which cannot be sold or repledged totaled $14,409,818 at the close of the reporting period. Collateral pledged by the fund is segregated by the fund’s custodian and identified in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. Government or related agencies or other securities as agreed to by the fund and the applicable counterparty. Collateral requirements are determined based on the fund’s net position

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with each counterparty. Termination events applicable to the fund may occur upon a decline in the fund’s net assets below a specified threshold over a certain period of time. Termination events applicable to counterparties may occur upon a decline in the counterparty’s long-term and short-term credit ratings below a specified level. In each case, upon occurrence, the other party may elect to terminate early and cause settlement of all derivative and foreign exchange contracts outstanding, including the payment of any losses and costs resulting from such early termination, as reasonably determined by the terminating party. Any decision by one or more of the fund’s counterparties to elect early termination could impact the fund’s future derivative activity.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund had a net liability position of $133,054,425 on derivative contracts subject to the Master Agreements. Collateral posted by the fund totaled $120,187,679.

L) TBA purchase commitments The fund may enter into TBA (to be announced) commitments to purchase securities for a fixed unit price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. Although the unit price has been established, the principal value has not been finalized. However, it is anticipated that the amount of the commitments will not significantly differ from the principal amount. The fund holds, and maintains until settlement date, cash or high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price, or the fund may enter into offsetting contracts for the forward sale of other securities it owns. Income on the securities will not be earned until settlement date. TBA purchase commitments may be considered securities themselves, and involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in the value of the fund’s other assets. Unsettled TBA purchase commitments are valued at fair value of the underlying securities, according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss.

Although the fund will generally enter into TBA purchase commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio or for delivery pursuant to options contracts it has entered into, the fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if Putnam Management deems it appropriate to do so.

M) TBA sale commitments The fund may enter into TBA sale commitments to hedge its portfolio positions or to sell mortgage-backed securities it owns under delayed delivery arrangements. Proceeds of TBA sale commitments are not received until the contractual settlement date. During the time a TBA sale commitment is outstanding, equivalent deliverable securities, or an offsetting TBA purchase commitment deliverable on or before the sale commitment date, are held as “cover” for the transaction.

Unsettled TBA sale commitments are valued at the fair value of the underlying securities, generally according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss. If the TBA sale commitment is closed through the acquisition of an offsetting TBA purchase commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss. If the fund delivers securities under the commitment, the fund realizes a gain or a loss from the sale of the securities based upon the unit price established at the date the commitment was entered into. TBA sale commitments outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.

N) Dollar rolls To enhance returns, the fund may enter into dollar rolls (principally using TBAs) in which the fund sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to purchase similar securities on a specified future date. During the period between the sale and subsequent purchase, the fund will not be entitled to receive income and principal payments on the securities sold. The fund will, however, retain the difference between the initial sales price and the forward price for the future purchase. The fund will also be able to earn interest on the cash proceeds that are received from the initial sale on settlement date. The fund may be exposed to market or credit risk if the price of the security changes unfavorably or the counterparty fails to perform under the terms of the agreement.

O) Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). This program allows the fund to borrow from or lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.

P) Line of credit The fund participates, along with other Putnam funds, in a $325 million unsecured committed line of credit and a $185 million unsecured uncommitted line of credit, both provided by State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street). Borrowings may be made for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests and trade settlements. Interest is charged to the fund based on the fund’s borrowing at a rate equal to the Federal Funds rate plus 1.25% for the committed line of credit and the Federal Funds rate plus 1.30% for the uncommitted line of credit. A closing fee equal to 0.02% of the committed line of

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credit and $50,000 for the uncommitted line of credit has been paid by the participating funds. In addition, a commitment fee of 0.13% per annum on any unutilized portion of the committed line of credit is allocated to the participating funds based on their relative net assets and paid quarterly. During the reporting period, the fund had no borrowings against these arrangements.

Q) Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code. The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ASC 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior three fiscal years remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

At October 31, 2011, the fund had a capital loss carryover of $5,221,887 available to the extent allowed by the Code to offset future net capital gain, if any. This capital loss carryover will expire on October 31, 2019. Under the recently enacted Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, the fund will be permitted to carry forward capital losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 for an unlimited period. However, any losses incurred during those future years will be required to be utilized prior to the losses incurred in pre-enactment tax years. As a result of this ordering rule, pre-enactment capital loss carryforwards may be more likely to expire unused. Additionally, post-enactment capital losses that are carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses rather than being considered all short-term as under previous law.

R) Distributions to shareholders Distributions to shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. These differences include temporary and/or permanent differences of foreign currency gains and losses, realized gains and losses on certain futures contracts, income on swap contracts and interest-only securities. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. For the reporting period ended, the fund reclassified $23,599,145 to decrease undistributed net investment income and $112,268 to increase paid-in-capital, with a decrease to accumulated net realized losses of $23,486,877.

The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:

Unrealized appreciation  $60,121,623 
Unrealized depreciation  (64,423,451) 

Net unrealized depreciation  (4,301,828) 
Undistributed ordinary income  5,993,040 
Capital loss carryforward  (5,221,887) 
Cost for federal income tax purposes  $2,113,834,097 

 

S) Expenses of the Trust Expenses directly charged or attributable to any fund will be paid from the assets of that fund. Generally, expenses of the Trust will be allocated among and charged to the assets of each fund on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be based on the relative assets of each fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each fund.

Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions

The fund pays Putnam Management a management fee (base fee) (based on the fund’s average net assets and computed and paid monthly) at annual rates that may vary based on the average of the aggregate net assets of most open-end funds, as defined in the fund’s management contract, sponsored by Putnam Management. Such annual rates may vary as follows:

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0.730%  of the first $5 billion, 
0.680%  of the next $5 billion, 
0.630%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.580%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.530%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.510%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.500%  of the next $100 billion, 
0.495%  of any excess thereafter. 

 

Commencing with the fund’s thirteenth whole calendar month of operation (January 2010), the applicable base fee was increased or decreased for each month by an amount based on the performance of the fund. The amount of the increase or decrease is calculated monthly based on a performance adjustment rate that is equal to 0.04 multiplied by the difference between the fund’s annualized performance (measured by the fund’s class A shares) and the annualized performance of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 3.00% over the performance period. The maximum annualized performance adjustment rate is +/– 0.12%. The performance period is the thirty-six month period then ended or, if the fund has not then operated for thirty-six whole calendar months, the period from the date the fund commenced operations to the end of the month for which the fee adjustment is being computed. Each month, the performance adjustment rate is multiplied by the fund’s average net assets over the performance period and the result is divided by twelve. The resulting dollar amount is added to, or subtracted from, the base fee for that month. The monthly base fee is determined based on the fund’s average net assets for the month, while the performance adjustment is determined based on the fund’s average net assets over the performance period of up to thirty-six months. This means it is possible that, if the fund underperforms significantly over the performance period, and the fund’s assets have declined significantly over that period, the negative performance adjustment may exceed the base fee. In this event, Putnam Management would make a payment to the fund.

Because the performance adjustment is based on the fund’s performance relative to its applicable benchmark index, and not its absolute performance, the performance adjustment could increase Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares lose value during the performance period provided that the fund outperformed its benchmark index, and could decrease Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares increase in value during the performance period provided that the fund underperformed its benchmark index.

For the reporting period, the base fee represented an effective rate (excluding the impact from any expense waivers in effect) of 0.58% of the fund’s average net assets before an increase of $320,984 (0.02% of the fund’s average net assets) based on performance.

Putnam Management has agreed to limit the fund’s total expenses through June 30, 2012, to the extent that the total expenses of the fund (before performance adjustments to the fund’s management fee and excluding brokerage, interest, taxes, investment related expenses, extraordinary expenses, and payments under the fund’s distribution plans) will not exceed an annual rate of 0.60% of the fund’s average net assets. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $2,492,452 as a result of this limit.

Putnam Management has also contractually agreed, through June 30, 2012, to waive fees or reimburse the fund’s expenses to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were not reduced as a result of this limit.

Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. Putnam Management pays a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.

The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund, as designated from time to time by Putnam Management or PIL. Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable, pays a quarterly sub-advisory fee to PAC for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund’s assets for which PAC is engaged as sub-adviser.

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The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.

Custodial functions for the fund’s assets are provided by State Street. Custody fees are based on the fund’s asset level, the number of its security holdings and transaction volumes.

Putnam Investor Services, Inc., an affiliate of Putnam Management, provides investor servicing agent functions to the fund. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing based on the fund’s retail asset level, the number of shareholder accounts in the fund and the level of defined contribution plan assets in the fund. Investor servicing fees will not exceed an annual rate of 0.375% of the fund’s average net assets. The amounts incurred for investor servicing agent functions during the reporting period are included in Investor servicing fees in the Statement of operations.

The fund has entered into expense offset arrangements with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. and State Street whereby Putnam Investor Services, Inc.’s and State Street’s fees are reduced by credits allowed on cash balances. For the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $6,819 under the expense offset arrangements.

Each independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $1,246, as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees.

The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the Deferral Plan) which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan.

The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the Pension Plan) covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years and were first elected prior to 2004. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee’s average annual attendance and retainer fees for the three years ended December 31, 2005. The retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee’s lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of assets and liabilities. The Trustees have terminated the Pension Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected after 2003.

The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to its class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and Putnam Retail Management GP, Inc., for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide for payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to 0.35%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 1.00% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at an annual rate of 0.25%, 0.45%, 1.00%, 0.30% and 0.50% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively. Prior to April 5, 2010, the annual rates were 0.85% and 0.40% of the average net assets attributable to class B and class M shares, respectively.

For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $14,299 and $8 from the sale of class A and class M shares, respectively, and received $22,221 and $54,126 in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class B and class C shares, respectively.

A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% and 0.30% (0.40% for purchases before April 1, 2010) is assessed on certain redemptions of class  A and class  M shares, respectively. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received $28,115 and no monies on class A and class M redemptions, respectively.

Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities

During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of investment securities other than short-term investments aggregated $2,127,153,318 and $1,954,050,171, respectively. These figures include the cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of long-term U.S. government securities of $19,627,745 and $19,280,356, respectively.

97



Written option transactions during the reporting period are summarized as follows:

    Written swap option  Written swap option 
    contract amounts  premiums received 

Written options outstanding at the  USD  555,224,800  $34,880,164 
beginning of the reporting period  CHF    $— 

Options  USD  2,894,677,076  115,474,525 
opened  CHF  60,080,000  65,594 

Options  USD  (337,414,572)  (9,557,165) 
exercised  CHF     

Options  USD     
expired  CHF     

Options  USD  (17,189,000)  (697,014) 
closed  CHF  (45,060,000)  (45,430) 

Written options outstanding at the  USD  3,095,298,304  $140,100,510 
end of the reporting period  CHF  15,020,000  $20,164 

 

Note 4: Capital shares

At the close of the reporting period, there was an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions in capital shares were as follows:

   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class A  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  60,585,292  $655,283,850  44,718,792  $482,378,886 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  1,406,851  15,025,173  108,748  1,161,431 

   61,992,143  670,309,023  44,827,540  483,540,317 

Shares repurchased  (27,653,993)  (295,481,581)  (9,230,154)  (99,726,104) 

Net increase  34,338,150  $374,827,442  35,597,386  $383,814,213 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class B  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  566,607  $6,081,412  1,084,281  $11,609,026 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  34,918  371,523  4,196  44,644 

   601,525  6,452,935  1,088,477  11,653,670 

Shares repurchased  (423,035)  (4,520,019)  (282,275)  (3,031,493) 

Net increase  178,490  $1,932,916  806,202  $8,622,177 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class C  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  14,953,968  $159,822,328  17,632,273  $188,304,186 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  455,808  4,831,565  39,530  419,810 

   15,409,776  164,653,893  17,671,803  188,723,996 

Shares repurchased  (7,346,583)  (77,813,793)  (2,767,440)  (29,612,204) 

Net increase  8,063,193  $86,840,100  14,904,363  $159,111,792 

 

98



   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class M  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  978,417  $10,578,695  1,129,937  $12,156,459 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  38,011  404,816  2,697  28,746 

   1,016,428  10,983,511  1,132,634  12,185,205 

Shares repurchased  (542,328)  (5,747,386)  (83,422)  (897,155) 

Net increase  474,100  $5,236,125  1,049,212  $11,288,050 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class R  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  71,888  $772,978  57,359  $617,901 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  1,847  19,687  29  311 

   73,735  792,665  57,388  618,212 

Shares repurchased  (47,085)  (509,129)  (14,860)  (160,716) 

Net increase  26,650  $283,536  42,528  $457,496 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class Y  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  34,278,961  $371,506,119  26,678,250  $288,313,586 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  536,455  5,740,069  55,269  590,827 

   34,815,416  377,246,188  26,733,519  288,904,413 

Shares repurchased  (22,235,438)  (237,433,075)  (11,155,729)  (120,853,020) 

Net increase  12,579,978  $139,813,113  15,577,790  $168,051,393 

 

Note 5: Summary of derivative activity

The following is a summary of the market values of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period:

Market values of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period

   Asset derivatives    Liability derivatives   

Derivatives not         
accounted for as  Statement of    Statement of   
hedging instruments  assets and    assets and   
under ASC 815  liabilities location  Market value   liabilities location  Market value  

Credit contracts  Receivables  $268,572  Payables  $— 

Foreign exchange         
contracts  Receivables  9,175,259  Payables  15,851,663 

  Investments,       
  Receivables,    Payables, Net   
  Net assets —    assets —   
  Unrealized    Unrealized   
  appreciation/    appreciation/   
Interest rate contracts  (depreciation)  175,444,816*  (depreciation)  292,082,751* 

Total     $184,888,647      $307,934,414  

 

* Includes cumulative appreciation/depreciation of futures contracts as reported in the fund’s portfolio. Only current day’s variation margin is reported within the Statement of assets and liabilities.

99



The following is a summary of realized and change in unrealized gains or losses of derivative instruments on the Statement of operations for the reporting period (see Note 1):

Amount of realized gain or (loss) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $229,380  $229,380 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      (7,268,454)    $(7,268,454) 

Interest rate contracts  (3,604,949)  (9,889,465)    (41,753,380)  $(55,247,794) 

Total  $(3,604,949)  $(9,889,465)  $(7,268,454)  $(41,524,000)  $(62,286,868) 

 

Change in unrealized appreciation or (depreciation) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $773,371  $773,371 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      (7,274,708)    $(7,274,708) 

Interest rate contracts  (12,056,628)  2,483,429    (9,381,175)  $(18,954,374) 

Total  $(12,056,628)  $2,483,429  $(7,274,708)  $(8,607,804)  $(25,455,711) 

 

Note 6: Investment in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund

The fund invested in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund, an open-end management investment company managed by Putnam Management. Investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund are valued at its closing net asset value each business day. Income distributions earned by the fund are recorded as interest income in the Statement of operations and totaled $97,973 for the reporting period. During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds of sales of investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund aggregated $1,144,240,481 and $1,102,503,964, respectively. Management fees charged to Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund have been waived by Putnam Management.

Note 7: Senior loan commitments

Senior loans are purchased or sold on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis and may be settled a month or more after the trade date, which from time to time can delay the actual investment of available cash balances; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Senior loans can be acquired through an agent, by assignment from another holder of the loan, or as a participation interest in another holder’s portion of the loan. When the fund invests in a loan or participation, the fund is subject to the risk that an intermediate participant between the fund and the borrower will fail to meet its obligations to the fund, in addition to the risk that the borrower under the loan may default on its obligations.

Note 8: Market and credit risk

In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default.

100



Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Trustees of Putnam Funds Trust and Shareholders of
Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund:

In our opinion, the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including the portfolio, and the related statements of operations and of changes in net assets and the financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund (the “fund”) at October 31, 2011, and the results of its operations, the changes in its net assets and the financial highlights for each of the periods indicated, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements and financial highlights (hereafter referred to as “financial statements”) are the responsibility of the fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits, which included confirmation of investments owned at October 31, 2011 by correspondence with the custodian, brokers, and transfer agent, provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
December 16, 2011

23



The fund’s portfolio 10/31/11

COMMON STOCKS (23.6%)*  Shares  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.1%)     
Omnicom Group, Inc.  21,452  $954,185 

    954,185 
Aerospace and defense (0.7%)     
Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. †  4,165  122,868 

Lockheed Martin Corp.  26,480  2,009,832 

Northrop Grumman Corp.  24,994  1,443,404 

Raytheon Co.  33,134  1,464,191 

Rockwell Collins, Inc.  19,366  1,081,204 

    6,121,499 
Airlines (0.2%)     
Copa Holdings SA Class A (Panama)  8,897  614,516 

Southwest Airlines Co.  89,627  766,311 

    1,380,827 
Banking (0.6%)     
Bank of Hawaii Corp.  12,719  537,123 

JPMorgan Chase & Co.  44,300  1,539,868 

M&T Bank Corp.  14,810  1,127,189 

New York Community Bancorp, Inc.  61,315  816,103 

People’s United Financial, Inc.  65,297  832,537 

    4,852,820 
Beverage (0.3%)     
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.  75,300  2,819,985 

    2,819,985 
Biotechnology (0.3%)     
Biogen Idec, Inc. †  16,865  1,962,411 

Pharmaceutical Product Development, Inc.  26,817  884,693 

    2,847,104 
Broadcasting (0.1%)     
Discovery Communications, Inc. Class A †  14,968  650,509 

    650,509 
Cable television (0.1%)     
IAC/InterActiveCorp. †  27,997  1,143,118 

    1,143,118 
Chemicals (0.5%)     
International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc.  10,681  646,841 

PPG Industries, Inc.  12,432  1,074,249 

Sherwin-Williams Co. (The)  10,180  841,988 

Sigma-Aldrich Corp.  11,895  778,885 

Valspar Corp.  14,998  522,980 

    3,864,943 
Commercial and consumer services (0.8%)     
Ecolab, Inc.  18,972  1,021,452 

Equifax, Inc.  22,064  775,550 

Expedia, Inc.  26,511  696,179 

Gartner, Inc. †  17,733  683,075 

Moody’s Corp.  24,754  878,519 

Priceline.com, Inc. †  2,917  1,481,019 

Verisk Analytics, Inc. Class A †  24,309  854,461 

    6,390,255 

 

24



COMMON STOCKS (23.6%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Communications equipment (0.1%)     
Harris Corp.  27,337  $1,031,972 

    1,031,972 
Computers (1.4%)     
Apple, Inc. †  18,759  7,593,268 

Hewlett-Packard Co.  43,443  1,156,018 

Micros Systems, Inc. †  21,966  1,081,167 

NetApp, Inc. †  10,855  444,621 

Solera Holdings, Inc.  19,220  1,049,989 

    11,325,063 
Conglomerates (0.1%)     
AMETEK, Inc.  23,452  926,823 

    926,823 
Consumer (0.5%)     
Kimberly-Clark Corp.  46,019  3,207,984 

Scotts Miracle-Gro Co. (The) Class A  10,187  494,171 

Tupperware Brands Corp.  9,760  551,830 

    4,253,985 
Containers (0.1%)     
Ball Corp.  19,942  689,395 

    689,395 
Distribution (0.2%)     
W.W. Grainger, Inc.  8,331  1,427,184 

    1,427,184 
Electric utilities (0.7%)     
Alliant Energy Corp.  17,143  699,092 

DPL, Inc.  21,084  639,899 

DTE Energy Co.  19,392  1,010,517 

Entergy Corp.  15,832  1,095,099 

Pinnacle West Capital Corp.  16,223  739,444 

Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc.  40,254  1,356,560 

Westar Energy, Inc.  20,795  566,872 

    6,107,483 
Electronics (0.2%)     
L-3 Communications Holdings, Inc.  14,841  1,005,923 

QLogic Corp. †  25,713  359,211 

    1,365,134 
Energy (oil field) (0.6%)     
Core Laboratories NV (Netherlands)  8,834  956,369 

Deepocean Group (Shell) (acquired 6/9/11,     
cost $357,152) (Norway) ‡  24,631  344,834 

Dresser-Rand Group, Inc. †  17,837  863,311 

FMC Technologies, Inc. †  29,260  1,311,433 

Oceaneering International, Inc.  21,634  904,950 

Oil States International, Inc. †  11,377  791,953 

    5,172,850 
Energy (other) (0.1%)     
Covanta Holding Corp.  35,101  514,581 

    514,581 
Engineering and construction (0.1%)     
KBR, Inc.  26,590  742,127 

    742,127 

 

25



COMMON STOCKS (23.6%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Food (0.5%)     
ConAgra Foods, Inc.  40,500  $1,025,865 

Corn Products International, Inc.  22,965  1,113,803 

Hormel Foods Corp.  57,612  1,697,826 

    3,837,494 
Forest products and packaging (0.1%)     
Sealed Air Corp.  23,783  423,337 

    423,337 
Health-care services (0.9%)     
AmerisourceBergen Corp.  37,189  1,517,311 

Cardinal Health, Inc.  38,674  1,712,098 

Laboratory Corp. of America Holdings †  13,683  1,147,320 

Lincare Holdings, Inc.  24,398  574,573 

McKesson Corp.  24,413  1,990,880 

Warner Chilcott PLC Class A (Ireland) †  42,944  778,145 

    7,720,327 
Insurance (1.8%)     
ACE, Ltd.  29,162  2,104,038 

Allied World Assurance Co. Holdings AG  10,482  609,004 

Arch Capital Group, Ltd. †  27,275  981,082 

Aspen Insurance Holdings, Ltd.  20,462  542,038 

Axis Capital Holdings, Ltd.  22,608  708,761 

Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. Class B †  34,638  2,696,915 

Chubb Corp. (The)  16,299  1,092,848 

Endurance Specialty Holdings, Ltd. (Bermuda)  13,453  500,452 

Everest Re Group, Ltd.  9,936  893,445 

PartnerRe, Ltd.  12,200  759,084 

RenaissanceRe Holdings, Ltd.  11,562  787,603 

Transatlantic Holdings, Inc.  13,850  720,754 

Travelers Cos., Inc. (The)  22,096  1,289,302 

Validus Holdings, Ltd.  23,948  655,217 

W.R. Berkley Corp.  28,334  986,307 

    15,326,850 
Investment banking/Brokerage (0.1%)     
BlackRock, Inc.  2,400  378,696 

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The)  3,500  383,425 

    762,121 
Machinery (0.1%)     
Roper Industries, Inc.  12,964  1,051,380 

    1,051,380 
Media (0.3%)     
McGraw-Hill Cos., Inc. (The)  24,613  1,046,053 

Viacom, Inc. Class B  31,649  1,387,809 

    2,433,862 
Medical technology (0.2%)     
C.R. Bard, Inc.  12,727  1,093,886 

Gen-Probe, Inc. †  11,561  694,816 

    1,788,702 
Metals (0.2%)     
Newmont Mining Corp.  24,838  1,659,924 

    1,659,924 

 

26



COMMON STOCKS (23.6%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Natural gas utilities (0.2%)     
AGL Resources, Inc.  14,650  $614,421 

Spectra Energy Corp.  37,606  1,076,660 

    1,691,081 
Oil and gas (2.1%)     
Chevron Corp.  59,645  6,265,707 

Exxon Mobil Corp.  104,602  8,168,370 

HollyFrontier Corp.  29,974  919,902 

Murphy Oil Corp.  20,810  1,152,250 

Sunoco, Inc.  21,849  813,438 

    17,319,667 
Pharmaceuticals (1.1%)     
Abbott Laboratories  71,865  3,871,368 

Eli Lilly & Co.  72,499  2,694,063 

Forest Laboratories, Inc. †  37,333  1,168,523 

Perrigo Co.  15,099  1,363,138 

    9,097,092 
Publishing (—%)     
Washington Post Co. (The) Class B  1,156  393,225 

    393,225 
Real estate (0.7%)     
Annaly Capital Management, Inc. R  73,427  1,237,245 

Digital Realty Trust, Inc. R  16,362  1,019,843 

Federal Realty Investment Trust R  11,297  1,002,722 

Jones Lang LaSalle, Inc.  8,911  575,829 

Rayonier, Inc. R  23,311  972,768 

Realty Income Corp. R  23,202  775,179 

    5,583,586 
Restaurants (0.6%)     
Brinker International, Inc.  17,808  407,803 

Darden Restaurants, Inc.  14,266  683,056 

Panera Bread Co. Class A †  4,444  594,118 

Starbucks Corp.  40,508  1,715,109 

Yum! Brands, Inc.  25,828  1,383,606 

    4,783,692 
Retail (2.0%)     
Advance Auto Parts, Inc.  9,299  605,086 

Amazon.com, Inc. †  13,417  2,864,664 

AutoZone, Inc. †  3,510  1,135,801 

Big Lots, Inc. †  13,944  525,549 

Dollar Tree, Inc. †  12,492  998,860 

Herbalife, Ltd.  33,339  2,079,020 

Kroger Co. (The)  42,300  980,514 

MSC Industrial Direct Co., Inc.  9,799  666,430 

PETsMART, Inc.  14,535  682,418 

Safeway, Inc.  75,562  1,463,636 

Target Corp.  29,238  1,600,781 

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.  39,500  2,240,440 

Walgreen Co.  24,900  826,680 

    16,669,879 

 

27



COMMON STOCKS (23.6%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Semiconductor (0.4%)     
Analog Devices, Inc.  46,358  $1,695,312 

KLA-Tencor Corp.  12,145  571,908 

Lam Research Corp. †  10,932  469,967 

Novellus Systems, Inc. †  27,045  934,405 

    3,671,592 
Shipping (0.4%)     
J. B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc.  20,521  868,244 

United Parcel Service, Inc. Class B  37,186  2,611,945 

    3,480,189 
Software (1.2%)     
Amdocs, Ltd. (United Kingdom) †  44,171  1,326,013 

BMC Software, Inc. †  31,510  1,095,288 

CA, Inc.  74,926  1,622,897 

Intuit, Inc.  41,945  2,251,188 

Microsoft Corp.  130,219  3,467,732 

    9,763,118 
Technology (0.2%)     
Avago Technologies, Ltd.  49,532  1,672,696 

    1,672,696 
Technology services (1.2%)     
Accenture PLC Class A  52,713  3,176,485 

IBM Corp.  35,719  6,594,799 

    9,771,284 
Telecommunications (0.2%)     
American Tower Corp. Class A †  33,220  1,830,422 

    1,830,422 
Telephone (0.5%)     
Verizon Communications, Inc.  106,696  3,945,618 

    3,945,618 
Textiles (0.1%)     
Cintas Corp.  26,028  777,977 

    777,977 
Tobacco (0.6%)     
Lorillard, Inc.  9,596  1,061,893 

Philip Morris International, Inc.  52,194  3,646,795 

    4,708,688 
Transportation services (0.1%)     
Landstar Systems, Inc.  13,282  592,776 

    592,776 
 
Total common stocks (cost $181,952,235)    $195,338,421 
 
 
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (18.0%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-1, Class 2A1, 4.582878s, 2037  $435,234  $229,178 
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class 2A1, 3.158736s, 2036  3,674,299  1,837,149 
FRB Ser. 05-11, Class 5A1, 0.51472s, 2036  1,138,675  592,111 

American Home Mortgage Assets FRB Ser. 06-6, Class A1A,     
0.43472s, 2046  2,796,452  1,216,457 

American Home Mortgage Investment Trust FRB Ser. 06-2,     
Class 1A2, 0.40472s, 2046 F  2,385,917  846,584 

 

28



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (18.0%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-4, Class A3, 5.792647s, 2051  $1,695,000  $1,792,463 
Ser. 07-2, Class A2, 5.634s, 2049  1,641,584  1,657,343 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class A2, 5.623487s, 2049  452,389  457,236 
Ser. 07-5, Class A3, 5.62s, 2051  707,000  736,688 
Ser. 04-3, Class D, 5.599s, 2039  639,000  565,796 
Ser. 06-6, Class A2, 5.309s, 2045  1,151,011  1,150,542 
Ser. 07-1, Class XW, IO, 5.297s, 2049  4,999,519  58,689 
Ser. 04-4, Class B, 4.985s, 2042  344,000  331,134 
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class A2, 2.497s, 2045  1,684,662  1,684,208 

Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 03-1, Class F, 5.507s, 2036  493,000  489,224 
Ser. 02-PB2, Class XC, IO, 0.639502s, 2035  3,436,581  2,835 
Ser. 04-4, Class XC, IO, 0.266973s, 2042  4,777,929  96,452 

Banc of America Funding Corp.     
FRB Ser. 06-A, Class 3A2, 2.813812s, 2036  3,532,801  1,625,089 
FRB Ser. 06-H, Class 6A1, 0.43472s, 2036  724,218  333,140 

Barclays Capital, LLC Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-AA2, Class 12A1, 0.45472s, 2047  3,649,246  1,605,668 
FRB Ser. 07-AA1, Class 2A1, 0.42472s, 2037  1,129,197  542,367 

Bear Stearns Adjustable Rate Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 07-1,     
Class 2A1, 5.584593s, 2047  700,752  364,391 

Bear Stearns Alt-A Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-3, Class 35A1, 5.584678s, 2036  1,469,250  881,550 
FRB Ser. 05-9, Class 11A1, 0.50472s, 2035  846,835  406,481 

Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-IM1, Class A3, 0.52472s, 2036  1,032,700  234,939 
FRB Ser. 06-IM1, Class A1, 0.47472s, 2036  1,043,148  516,358 

Bear Stearns Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc.     
Ser. 06-PW13, Class A2, 5.426s, 2041  1,012,519  1,013,734 

Bear Stearns Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 02-PBW1, Class G, 5.83s, 2035  492,000  463,612 

Citigroup Commercial Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 05-C3, Class AJ, 4.96s, 2043  590,000  542,015 
Ser. 05-C3, Class AM, 4.83s, 2043 F  1,087,000  1,097,682 

Citigroup Mortgage Loan Trust, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-AR5, Class 1A2A, 5.04842s, 2037  224,381  123,479 
FRB Ser. 05-10, Class 1A1A, 2.979813s, 2035  1,370,785  658,114 
FRB Ser. 07-AR1, Class A2, 0.40472s, 2037  895,723  461,298 

Citigroup/Deutsche Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-CD3, Class A2, 5.56s, 2048  741,740  749,235 

Commercial Mortgage Asset Trust FRB Ser. 99-C2, Class E,     
7.64s, 2032  520,000  530,400 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates     
Ser. 06-C8, Class A2B, 5.248s, 2046  697,622  699,547 
Ser. 05-LP5, Class B, 5.105s, 2043  478,000  438,565 

Countrywide Alternative Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 05-84, Class 4A1, 5.71976s, 2036  4,942,572  2,866,692 
FRB Ser. 06-HY11, Class A1, 0.36472s, 2036  1,522,180  730,647 

 

29



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (18.0%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Countrywide Home Loans 144A     
Ser. 05-R3, Class AS, IO, 5.5866s, 2035  $396,584  $55,363 
FRB Ser. 05-R3, Class AF, 0.64472s, 2035 F  389,396  315,445 

Credit Suisse Mortgage Capital Certificates     
FRB Ser. 06-C3, Class A2, 5.817328s, 2038  194,727  194,412 
FRB Ser. 07-C4, Class A2, 5.795425s, 2039  918,017  928,288 
Ser. 07-C2, Class A2, 5.448s, 2049  286,507  287,269 

CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp.     
Ser. 02-CKN2, Class C1, 6.376s, 2037 F  759,000  756,383 
FRB Ser. 04-C2, Class E, 5.666823s, 2036 F  638,000  470,852 
FRB Ser. 04-C2, Class D, 5.575s, 2036  523,000  512,540 
Ser. 05-C5, Class AJ, 5.1s, 2038 F  1,035,000  923,909 
Ser. 05-C5, Class AM, 5.1s, 2038  1,045,000  1,077,003 
Ser. 03-CPN1, Class E, 4.891s, 2035  468,000  447,993 

CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp. 144A     
Ser. 98-C1, Class F, 6s, 2040  730,000  763,777 
FRB Ser. 03-CK2, Class G, 5.744s, 2036  867,000  847,484 
Ser. 03-C3, Class AX, IO, 1.73164s, 2038  8,123,701  154,635 
Ser. 04-C4, Class AX, IO, 0.350686s, 2039  3,365,063  75,896 

Deutsche Alt-A Securities, Inc. Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-AR1, Class 1A3, 0.57472s, 2036  10,221,839  3,270,988 
FRB Ser. 2007-AR3, Class 2A5, 0.44472s, 2037 F  1,270,778  635,077 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A6, 0.43472s, 2037 F  573,700  269,506 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A4, 0.41472s, 2037  1,590,764  878,897 
FRB Ser. 06-AR3, Class A5, 0.41472s, 2036  2,251,051  1,367,513 

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.     
IFB Ser. 2990, Class LB, 16.323757s, 2034  247,903  330,797 
IFB Ser. 3727, Class PS, IO, 6.45667s, 2038  3,249,960  433,545 
IFB Ser. 3835, Class SC, IO, 6.40667s, 2038  17,288,768  3,043,342 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class KS, IO, 6.30667s, 2041  9,850,231  1,537,326 
IFB Ser. 3708, Class SQ, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  9,982,217  1,353,988 
IFB Ser. 3907, Class KS, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  2,827,888  466,036 
IFB Ser. 3708, Class SA, IO, 6.20667s, 2040  13,167,938  1,749,097 
IFB Ser. 3116, Class AS, IO, 5.85667s, 2034  2,862,514  331,479 
IFB Ser. 3763, Class WS, IO, 5.79667s, 2039  12,300,388  1,841,860 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class NT, 5.75667s, 2041  3,562,941  3,660,993 
IFB Ser. 3752, Class PS, IO, 5.75667s, 2040  1,617,716  260,598 
Ser. 3672, Class PI, IO, 5 1/2s, 2039  1,529,063  187,662 
Ser. 3645, Class ID, IO, 5s, 2040  503,319  55,909 
Ser. 3680, Class KI, IO, 5s, 2038  7,922,225  1,147,138 
Ser. 3632, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2038  573,125  61,817 
Ser. 3626, Class DI, IO, 5s, 2037  396,540  22,896 
Ser. 3653, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036  6,092,591  355,685 
Ser. 3623, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036 F  360,767  38,921 
Ser. 3747, Class HI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2037  310,059  37,548 
Ser. 3738, Class MI, IO, 4s, 2034  24,374,938  2,593,493 
Ser. 3736, Class QI, IO, 4s, 2034  6,232,487  685,330 
Ser. 3707, Class HI, IO, 4s, 2023  575,970  24,231 
Ser. T-8, Class A9, IO, 0.428148s, 2028  359,227  4,023 
Ser. T-59, Class 1AX, IO, 0.273447s, 2043  798,193  5,986 
Ser. T-48, Class A2, IO, 0.212s, 2033  1,126,807  8,000 

 

30



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (18.0%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.     
Ser. 3206, Class EO, PO, zero %, 2036  $138,660  $124,059 
Ser. 3175, Class MO, PO, zero %, 2036  107,088  95,693 
FRB Ser. T-54, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2043  464,423  93 

Federal National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 05-74, Class NK, 26.2764s, 2035  95,557  165,986 
IFB Ser. 05-45, Class DA, 23.52269s, 2035  459,650  708,320 
IFB Ser. 11-4, Class CS, 12.41056s, 2040  2,844,362  3,286,091 
IFB Ser. 11-111, Class DS, IO, 6.4s, 2038  6,720,000  1,248,442 
IFB Ser. 11-67, Class BS, IO, 6.25528s, 2041  7,854,876  1,197,240 
IFB Ser. 11-111, Class SD, IO, 6 1/4s, 2041  7,276,000  1,506,350 
IFB Ser. 10-35, Class SG, IO, 6.15528s, 2040  6,265,641  1,125,058 
IFB Ser. 11-101, Class BS, IO, 5.80528s, 2039  8,331,442  1,335,530 
IFB Ser. 10-124, Class SJ, IO, 5.80528s, 2038  7,315,873  1,105,428 
Ser. 10-21, Class IP, IO, 5s, 2039 F  1,172,290  166,174 
Ser. 10-92, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2039 F  2,383,663  317,212 
Ser. 398, Class C5, IO, 5s, 2039  1,122,018  145,862 
Ser. 09-31, Class PI, IO, 5s, 2038  2,267,486  312,686 
Ser. 10-13, Class EI, IO, 5s, 2038  1,092,491  91,551 
Ser. 10-100, Class AI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2025  5,638,940  479,874 
Ser. 03-W10, Class 1, IO, 1.45698s, 2043  324,193  14,589 
Ser. 98-W2, Class X, IO, 0.98064s, 2028  628,535  28,033 
Ser. 98-W5, Class X, IO, 0.93724s, 2028  259,534  10,849 
Ser. 03-W1, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2042  978,063  98 
FRB Ser. 06-104, Class EK, zero %, 2036  44,372  43,041 

First Union Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A Ser. 99-C1,     
Class F, 5.35s, 2035  531,000  504,450 

First Union National Bank Commercial Mortgage 144A     
Ser. 01-C3, Class K, 6.155s, 2033  658,000  658,000 

GE Capital Commercial Mortgage Corp.     
Ser. 07-C1, Class A3, 5.481s, 2049  914,000  969,113 
FRB Ser. 05-C1, Class AJ, 4.826s, 2048  434,000  391,555 

GE Capital Commercial Mortgage Corp. 144A     
FRB Ser. 03-C2, Class H, 5.518681s, 2037  861,000  813,215 
FRB Ser. 04-C1, Class F, 5.088s, 2038  547,000  527,855 
Ser. 05-C2, Class XC, IO, 0.122204s, 2043  23,238,538  164,250 

GMAC Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. Ser. 04-C3,     
Class AJ, 4.915s, 2041  792,000  731,895 

GMAC Commercial Mortgage     
Securities, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 02-C3, Class G, 5.831s, 2039  376,000  357,200 
FRB Ser. 03-C2, Class F, 5.469118s, 2040  422,000  397,529 

Government National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 11-37, Class SB, IO, 6.45528s, 2038  1,482,406  238,872 
IFB Ser. 10-167, Class SM, IO, 6.43667s, 2040  8,441,595  1,551,059 
IFB Ser. 11-61, Class CS, IO, 6.43528s, 2035  12,327,405  2,094,204 
IFB Ser. 11-37, Class SD, IO, 6.40528s, 2038  1,907,293  304,242 
IFB Ser. 11-11, Class PS, IO, 6.35528s, 2040  5,101,291  891,859 
IFB Ser. 10-58, Class LS, IO, 6.30528s, 2039  6,786,917  1,164,499 
IFB Ser. 10-31, Class PS, IO, 6.30528s, 2038  10,685,301  1,939,168 

 

31



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (18.0%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Government National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 10-62, Class SD, IO, 6.24528s, 2040  $3,427,619  $583,305 
IFB Ser. 11-40, Class AS, IO, 5.87667s, 2036  6,971,305  1,000,801 
IFB Ser. 11-35, Class AS, IO, 5.85528s, 2037  2,939,827  374,534 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SN, IO, 5.65667s, 2041  802,000  220,333 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SH, IO, 5.64667s, 2041  1,003,000  275,404 
Ser. 11-116, Class IB, IO, 5s, 2040  6,327,799  703,904 
Ser. 10-150, Class WI, IO, 5s, 2038  11,963,346  1,616,966 
Ser. 10-103, Class DI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2038 F  7,097,764  1,036,678 

Greenwich Capital Commercial Funding Corp.     
FRB Ser. 05-GG3, Class AJ, 4.859s, 2042  674,000  620,215 

Greenwich Capital Commercial Funding Corp. 144A     
Ser. 02-C1, Class H, 5.903s, 2035  1,339,000  1,357,332 
Ser. 03-C1, Class G, 4.773s, 2035  558,000  538,450 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II     
Ser. 06-GG6, Class A3, 5.56s, 2038  707,000  748,218 
Ser. 06-GG6, Class A2, 5.506s, 2038  812,495  823,921 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II 144A Ser. 03-C1, Class X1,     
IO, 0.839486s, 2040  5,425,321  33,040 

GSMPS Mortgage Loan Trust 144A     
Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AS, IO, 5.97024s, 2035  333,795  51,738 
Ser. 06-RP2, Class 1AS1, IO, 5.71414s, 2036  541,536  77,169 
IFB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AS, IO, 5.298629s, 2034  629,183  94,189 
Ser. 98-2, IO, 0.66556s, 2027  101,180  10 
FRB Ser. 06-RP2, Class 1AF1, 0.64472s, 2036 F  541,536  411,628 
FRB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AF, 0.64472s, 2034 F  629,183  484,533 
FRB Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AF, 0.59472s, 2035 F  333,795  257,036 
Ser. 98-3, IO, 0.33414s, 2027  121,227  315 
Ser. 99-2, IO, zero %, 2027  175,017  438 
Ser. 98-4, IO, zero %, 2026  132,843  345 

Harborview Mortgage Loan Trust FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A1A,     
0.43472s, 2036  4,390,286  2,546,366 

IndyMac Indx Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-AR5, Class 1A2, 5.21083s, 2036  134,946  10,796 
FRB Ser. 06-AR3, Class 3A1B, 5.00225s, 2036  370,599  196,418 
FRB Ser. 07-AR5, Class 2A1, 4.82854s, 2037 F  553,453  276,726 
FRB Ser. 07-AR7, Class 2A1, 4.677537s, 2037  918,649  450,138 
FRB Ser. 06-AR19, Class 1A2, 3.00574s, 2036  1,012,057  415,820 
FRB Ser. 06-AR11, Class 3A1, 2.82648s, 2036  1,591,701  670,564 
FRB Ser. 06-AR35, Class 2A1A, 0.41472s, 2037  784,719  381,400 
FRB Ser. 06-AR21, Class A1, 0.36472s, 2036  4,176,496  1,545,304 
FRB Ser. 06-AR29, Class A2, 0.32472s, 2036  1,274,316  484,240 

JPMorgan Alternative Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-A2, Class 2A1, 5.430134s, 2037  918,057  413,126 
FRB Ser. 07-A2, Class 12A1, 0.44472s, 2037  674,531  256,322 
FRB Ser. 06-A7, Class 1A1, 0.40472s, 2036  848,255  407,162 
FRB Ser. 07-A1, Class 1A3A, 0.39472s, 2037  1,614,365  669,961 
FRB Ser. 06-A4, Class A3, 0.35472s, 2036  2,507,254  1,272,431 

 

32



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (18.0%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Corp.     
Ser. 06-LDP7, Class A2, 5.864s, 2045  $137,421  $137,463 
Ser. 06-LDP8, Class A3B, 5.447s, 2045  368,000  399,177 
Ser. 2002-C3, Class D, 5.314s, 2035  484,000  484,886 
FRB Ser. 02-C2, Class E, 5.309275s, 2034  1,130,000  1,110,813 
Ser. 07-LDPX, Class A2S, 5.305s, 2049  696,000  699,828 
Ser. 03-C1, Class D, 5.192s, 2037  453,000  452,380 

JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Corp. 144A     
Ser. 02-C1, Class E, 6.135s, 2037  535,000  531,699 
FRB Ser. 02-CIB5, Class F, 5.900883s, 2037  873,000  880,837 
FRB Ser. 01-C1, Class H, 5.626s, 2035 F  672,000  645,479 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 06-C3, Class A2, 5.532s, 2032  32,274  32,253 
Ser. 07-C2, Class A2, 5.303s, 2040  38,914  39,012 
Ser. 06-C6, Class AM, 5.413s, 2039 F  1,982,000  1,902,531 
Ser. 05-C7, Class A2, 5.103s, 2030  150,368  150,368 
Ser. 03-C3, Class G, 4.392s, 2037  375,000  367,500 
Ser. 07-C2, Class XW, IO, 0.541841s, 2040  3,393,967  69,254 
Ser. 07-C1, Class XW, IO, 0.478473s, 2040 F  18,740,113  357,605 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A     
Ser. 02-C1, Class J, 6.95s, 2034  363,000  337,590 
Ser. 02-C2, Class K, 6.529s, 2035 F  360,000  360,044 
Ser. 02-C1, Class K, 6.428s, 2034  942,000  967,413 
Ser. 02-C2, Class J, 6.235s, 2035  841,000  839,402 
Ser. 03-C8, Class G, 5.35s, 2037  436,000  439,040 
Ser. 05-C3, Class XCL, IO, 0.300435s, 2040  19,920,338  355,060 

Lehman XS Trust FRB Ser. 07-8H, Class A1, 0.37472s, 2037  1,434,468  616,821 

Luminent Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 06-7, Class 1A1, 0.42472s, 2036 F  573,864  298,263 

Merrill Lynch Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-C1, Class A2, 5.723867s, 2050  1,276,170  1,290,415 
Ser. 04-KEY2, Class B, 4.947s, 2039  509,000  515,413 
Ser. 05-MCP1, Class XC, IO, 0.184639s, 2043  18,215,548  192,629 

Merrill Lynch/Countrywide Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 07-5, Class A3, 5.364s, 2048  1,416,000  1,462,435 

Morgan Stanley Capital I     
FRB Ser. 07-IQ15, Class A2, 5.843688s, 2049  875,000  891,409 
Ser. 07-IQ14, Class A2, 5.61s, 2049  1,059,016  1,094,558 
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2, 5.590489s, 2049  754,001  769,231 
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2FL, 0.49322s, 2049  347,094  300,618 

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital I Ser. 03-HQ2, Class C,     
5.15s, 2035  844,000  809,978 

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital I 144A FRB Ser. 03-HQ2,     
Class F, 5.72855s, 2035  535,000  505,575 

Morgan Stanley ReREMIC Trust 144A FRB Ser. 10-C30A,     
Class A3B, 10.236s, 2043  439,000  445,625 

Nomura Asset Acceptance Corp.     
FRB Ser. 06-AR4, Class A4A, 0.48472s, 2036 F  1,189,254  451,694 
FRB Ser. 06-AR4, Class A1A, 0.41472s, 2036  3,195,625  1,182,381 

Nomura Asset Securities Corp. 144A Ser. 98-D6, Class B1,     
6s, 2030  236,000  240,391 

 

33



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (18.0%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Residential Accredit Loans, Inc. Ser. 06-QS13, Class 1A5,     
6s, 2036  $107,097  $62,819 

Salomon Brothers Mortgage Securities VII 144A FRB     
Ser. 99-C1, Class J, 7s, 2032  903,000  941,998 

Structured Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loan Trust FRB     
Ser. 07-4, Class 1A1, 0.48472s, 2037 F  659,207  263,553 

Structured Asset Securities Corp.     
IFB Ser. 07-4, Class 1A3, IO, 6.022917s, 2045  835,585  116,982 
Ser. 07-4, Class 1A4, IO, 1s, 2045  1,662,410  67,494 

TIAA Seasoned Commercial Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 07-C4,     
Class AJ, 5.907622s, 2039 F  1,929,000  1,670,120 

Vericrest Opportunity Loan Transferee 144A Ser. 10-NPL1,     
Class M, 6s, 2039  1,038,984  1,033,789 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-C32, Class A2, 5.737444s, 2049  584,820  597,058 
Ser. 06-C25, Class A2, 5.684s, 2043  16,810  16,810 
Ser. 06-C28, Class A3, 5.679s, 2048  922,000  1,015,290 
Ser. 2004-C12, Class F, 5.316s, 2041  675,000  540,000 
Ser. 04-C11, Class B, 5.306s, 2041  354,000  349,009 
Ser. 07-C30, Class APB, 5.294s, 2043  275,000  288,027 
Ser. 05-C17, Class B, 5.287s, 2042  834,000  738,090 
Ser. 07-C30, Class A3, 5.246s, 2043  945,000  951,674 
Ser. 03-C8, Class E, 5.076s, 2035  453,000  460,126 
Ser. 06-C29, IO, 0.373424s, 2048  43,801,560  683,304 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A     
Ser. 03-C3, Class IOI, IO, 1.055916s, 2035  13,924,164  132,307 
Ser. 07-C31, IO, 0.247448s, 2047  65,538,471  596,502 

Wachovia Mortgage Loan Trust, LLC FRB Ser. 06-AMN1,     
Class A1, 0.29472s, 2036  1,069,703  406,487 

WAMU Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust 144A Ser. 05-C1A,     
Class C, 4.9s, 2036  139,000  140,168 

Washington Mutual Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates FRB     
Ser. 07-HY1, Class A3A, 0.47472s, 2037  2,536,523  1,386,359 

Total mortgage-backed securities (cost $155,442,329)    $148,699,558 
 
 
CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.2%)     
Affinion Group, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
sub. notes 11 1/2s, 2015  $500,000  $447,500 

Lamar Media Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 9 3/4s, 2014  990,000  1,089,000 

    1,536,500 
Aerospace and defense (0.2%)     
Alliant Techsystems, Inc. sr. sub. notes 6 3/4s, 2016  265,000  271,625 

BE Aerospace, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 1/2s, 2018  285,000  311,363 

Boeing Capital Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.7s, 2019  200,000  226,638 

Boeing Co. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3 1/2s, 2015  252,000  270,940 

United Technologies Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 7/8s, 2015  452,000  506,864 

    1,587,430 

 

34



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Automotive (0.2%)     
Daimler Finance North America, LLC company guaranty 6 1/2s,     
2013 (Germany)  $282,000  $309,165 

Ford Motor Credit Co., LLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 3/4s, 2021  400,000  426,198 

General Motors Financial Co., Inc. 144A sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2018  85,000  85,778 

TRW Automotive, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 7s, 2014  1,000,000  1,055,000 

    1,876,141 
Banking (2.6%)     
Bank of America Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5 3/4s, 2017  3,585,000  3,568,495 

Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (The) sr. unsec. notes 2.95s, 2015  452,000  468,432 

Barclays Bank PLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.2s, 2014 (United Kingdom)  616,000  650,419 

BB&T Corp. unsec. sub. notes 5.2s, 2015  339,000  370,853 

Capital One Financial Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 3/4s, 2017  452,000  526,410 

Citigroup, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 6 1/8s, 2018  1,230,000  1,362,930 

Citigroup, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/8s, 2017  1,575,000  1,734,574 

Credit Suisse Guernsey sr. unsec. notes 5 1/2s, 2014  1,402,000  1,495,138 

Deutsche Bank AG sr. unsec. notes 6s, 2017 (United Kingdom)  616,000  698,600 

HSBC Finance Corp. sr. unsec. sub. notes 6.676s, 2021  740,000  752,658 

JPMorgan Chase & Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.7s, 2015  3,031,000  3,157,829 

PNC Funding Corp. bank guaranty sr. unsec. note 3 5/8s, 2015  283,000  299,018 

Shinhan Bank 144A sr. unsec. bond 6s, 2012 (South Korea)  225,000  230,630 

UBS AG/Stamford CT sr. unsec. notes Ser. DPNT, 3 7/8s, 2015  300,000  300,804 

US Bancorp sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.45s, 2015  452,000  467,747 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA sr. notes 6 1/4s, 2035 (Russia)  500,000  512,500 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA 144A sr. unsec.     
notes 6 7/8s, 2018 (Russia)  1,600,000  1,674,000 

Wells Fargo & Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 5/8s, 2017  2,301,000  2,649,473 

Westpac Banking Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3s, 2015 (Australia)  395,000  401,882 

    21,322,392 
Beverage (0.3%)     
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company     
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/8s, 2015  616,000  671,172 

Coca-Cola Co. (The) 144A sr. notes 1.8s, 2016  282,000  281,347 

Constellation Brands, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 7 1/4s, 2016  260,000  284,375 

Diageo Capital PLC company guaranty 5 3/4s, 2017 (United Kingdom)  339,000  399,974 

PepsiCo, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.1s, 2015  786,000  835,543 

    2,472,411 
Biotechnology (—%)     
Amgen, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 5.85s, 2017  339,000  404,395 

    404,395 
Broadcasting (0.2%)     
DISH DBS Corp. company guaranty 6 5/8s, 2014  750,000  781,875 

Sirius XM Radio, Inc. 144A sr. notes 9 3/4s, 2015  685,000  743,225 

    1,525,100 
Building materials (—%)     
Owens Corning company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 9s, 2019  210,000  246,488 

    246,488 

 

35



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Cable television (0.7%)       
AMC Networks, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec       
notes 7 3/4s, 2021    $600,000  $651,000 

Charter Communications Operating LLC/Charter Communications       
Operating Capital 144A company guaranty sr. notes 8s, 2012    200,000  204,500 

Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. bonds 6 1/2s, 2017    1,125,000  1,326,861 

CSC Holdings, LLC sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2012    215,000  218,225 

CSC Holdings, LLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 1/2s, 2014    695,000  762,763 

Kabel BW Erste Beteiligungs GmbH/Kabel Baden-Wurttemberg       
GmbH & Co. KG 144A company guaranty sr. notes 7 1/2s, 2019       
(Germany)    560,000  582,400 

Mediacom Broadband, LLC/Mediacom Broadband Corp. sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 8 1/2s, 2015    900,000  927,000 

Time Warner Cable, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 5.85s, 2017    955,000  1,087,259 

      5,760,008 
Chemicals (0.8%)       
Dow Chemical Co. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.9s, 2015    565,000  628,757 

E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 3 1/4s, 2015    452,000  480,801 

Hexion U.S. Finance Corp./Hexion Nova Scotia Finance, ULC       
company guaranty sr. notes FRN 4.78617s, 2014    400,000  341,000 

INEOS Finance PLC 144A company guaranty sr. notes 9s, 2015       
(United Kingdom)    1,020,000  1,042,950 

Kronos International, Inc. sr. notes 6 1/2s, 2013 (Germany)  EUR  800,000  1,100,894 

Lyondell Chemical Co. company guaranty sr. sec. loans 8s, 2017    $808,000  909,000 

Lyondell Chemical Co. sr. notes 11s, 2018    750,000  835,313 

Momentive Performance Materials, Inc. company       
guaranty sr. notes 12 1/2s, 2014    647,000  685,820 

Styrolution GmbH 144A sr. notes 7 5/8s, 2016 (Germany)  EUR  240,000  266,577 

      6,291,112 
Coal (0.1%)       
Arch Western Finance, LLC company guaranty sr. notes       
6 3/4s, 2013    $379,000  382,790 

Peabody Energy Corp. company guaranty 7 3/8s, 2016    135,000  147,825 

      530,615 
Combined utilities (—%)       
El Paso Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7s, 2017    225,000  252,000 

      252,000 
Commercial and consumer services (0.1%)       
Lender Processing Services, Inc. company       
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 1/8s, 2016    905,000  891,425 

Travelport, LLC company guaranty 9 7/8s, 2014    190,000  133,000 

      1,024,425 
Communications equipment (0.1%)       
Cisco Systems, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 1/2s, 2016    508,000  589,359 

      589,359 
Computers (0.3%)       
Ceridian Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 12 1/4s, 2015 ‡‡    485,000  412,250 

Hewlett-Packard Co. sr. unsec. notes 6 1/8s, 2014    452,000  498,135 

Seagate Technology International 144A company       
guaranty sr. sec. notes 10s, 2014 (Cayman Islands)    222,000  252,525 

 

36



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Computers cont.       
SunGard Data Systems, Inc. company guaranty 10 1/4s, 2015    $985,000  $1,021,938 

Xerox Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/4s, 2015    395,000  418,526 

      2,603,374 
Conglomerates (0.5%)       
General Electric Co. sr. unsec. notes 5 1/4s, 2017    3,534,000  4,026,336 

SPX Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7 5/8s, 2014    260,000  280,800 

      4,307,136 
Consumer (0.1%)       
Jarden Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. notes 7 1/2s, 2017    250,000  267,500 

Yankee Candle Co. company guaranty sr. notes Ser. B,       
8 1/2s, 2015    455,000  464,100 

      731,600 
Consumer finance (0.2%)       
American Express Credit Corp. sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 5 1/8s, 2014    1,012,000  1,099,826 

SLM Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. MTN, 8.45s, 2018    395,000  418,700 

      1,518,526 
Consumer goods (0.2%)       
ACCO Brands Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 10 5/8s, 2015    500,000  551,250 

Procter & Gamble Co. (The) sr. unsec. notes 3 1/2s, 2015    452,000  484,761 

Revlon Consumer Products Corp. company       
guaranty notes 9 3/4s, 2015    300,000  321,750 

      1,357,761 
Consumer services (0.2%)       
Corrections Corporation of America company       
guaranty sr. notes 7 3/4s, 2017    260,000  281,450 

Hertz Holdings Netherlands BV 144A sr. bonds 8 1/2s, 2015       
(Netherlands)  EUR  500,000  703,307 

Service Corporation International sr. notes 7s, 2017    $170,000  182,750 

Service Corporation International sr. unsec. 7 3/8s, 2014    180,000  195,750 

      1,363,257 
Containers (—%)       
Reynolds Group DL Escrew, Inc./Reynolds Group Escrew. LLC       
144A company guaranty sr. notes 8 3/4s, 2016    195,000  204,994 

      204,994 
Electric utilities (0.9%)       
AES Corp. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 9 3/4s, 2016    210,000  238,350 

AES Corp. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8s, 2017    1,035,000  1,135,913 

Appalachian Power Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7s, 2038    189,000  246,386 

Carolina Power & Light Co. 1st mtge. bonds 5.3s, 2019    280,000  329,841 

Consolidated Edison Co. of New York sr. unsec.       
notes 7 1/8s, 2018    157,000  199,452 

Dominion Resources, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. 07-A,       
6s, 2017    880,000  1,035,750 

Duke Energy Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6.3s, 2014    880,000  973,540 

Exelon Corp. sr. unsec. notes 4.9s, 2015    827,000  900,889 

FirstEnergy Corp. notes Ser. B, 6.45s, 2011    11,000  11,018 

FirstEnergy Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. C, 7 3/8s, 2031    220,000  276,524 

FPL Group Capital, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 7 7/8s, 2015    282,000  337,148 

National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corp.       
sr. bonds 10 3/8s, 2018    226,000  323,831 

 

37



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Electric utilities cont.       
NV Energy, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 3/4s, 2017    $145,000  $148,267 

Pacific Gas & Electric Co. sr. notes 8 1/4s, 2018    315,000  417,235 

Pacific Gas & Electric Co. sr. unsec. bonds 4.8s, 2014    220,000  237,971 

Southern Power Co. sr. unsec. notes Ser. D, 4 7/8s, 2015    339,000  371,550 

Texas-New Mexico Power Co. 144A 1st mtge. sec. 9 1/2s, 2019    275,000  356,890 

      7,540,555 
Financial (0.2%)       
Icahn Enterprises LP/Icahn Enterprises Finance Corp.       
company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 7 3/4s, 2016    300,000  307,500 

Leucadia National Corp. sr. unsec. notes 8 1/8s, 2015    162,000  174,960 

Leucadia National Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7s, 2013    100,000  106,125 

Vnesheconombank Via VEB Finance PLC 144A bank guaranteed       
bonds 6.8s, 2025 (Russia)    800,000  836,000 

      1,424,585 
Food (0.2%)       
Kraft Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/8s, 2016    1,068,000  1,162,017 

Smithfield Foods, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 10s, 2014    180,000  209,250 

Tyson Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 10 1/2s, 2014    230,000  266,800 

      1,638,067 
Forest products and packaging (0.3%)       
PE Paper Escrow GmbH sr. notes Ser. REGS, 11 3/4s,       
2014 (Austria)  EUR  100,000  147,720 

PE Paper Escrow GmbH 144A sr. notes 12s, 2014 (Austria)    $250,000  271,250 

Smurfit Kappa Funding PLC sr. unsec. sub. notes 7 3/4s,       
2015 (Ireland)    1,000,000  1,000,000 

Verso Paper Holdings, LLC/Verso Paper, Inc.       
sr. notes 11 1/2s, 2014    898,000  942,900 

      2,361,870 
Gaming and lottery (0.1%)       
Caesars Entertainment Operating Co., Inc.       
sr. notes 11 1/4s, 2017    390,000  417,300 

      417,300 
Health-care services (0.3%)       
CIGNA Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/2s, 2021    305,000  314,996 

Fresenius US Finance II, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. notes 9s, 2015    235,000  265,550 

HCA, Inc. sr. notes 6 1/2s, 2020    665,000  694,925 

Tenet Healthcare Corp. sr. notes 9s, 2015    275,000  292,188 

Tenet Healthcare Corp. sr. notes 8 7/8s, 2019    40,000  45,200 

UnitedHealth Group, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 6s, 2018    339,000  399,484 

WellPoint, Inc. unsec. unsub. notes 5 1/4s, 2016    157,000  176,508 

      2,188,851 
Household furniture and appliances (0.1%)       
Sealy Mattress Co. 144A company guaranty sr. sec.       
notes 10 7/8s, 2016    728,000  798,980 

      798,980 
Insurance (0.5%)       
Allstate Corp. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5s, 2014    339,000  372,516 

American International Group, Inc. sr. unsec.       
notes Ser. MTN, 5.45s, 2017    565,000  562,054 

Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.2s, 2015    1,233,000  1,304,540 

Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (The) jr. unsec.       
sub. debs. FRB 8 1/8s, 2038    530,000  540,600 

 

38



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.    Principal amount  Value 

 
Insurance cont.       
MetLife, Inc. sr. unsec. 6 3/4s, 2016    $452,000  $526,086 

Prudential Financial, Inc. sr. disc. unsec.       
unsub. notes Ser. MTN, 4 3/4s, 2015    565,000  604,933 

      3,910,729 
Investment banking/Brokerage (0.7%)       
E*Trade Financial Corp. sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2016    480,000  486,000 

E*Trade Financial Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 12 1/2s, 2017    175,000  201,688 

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. notes 6 1/4s, 2017    2,748,000  2,971,445 

Morgan Stanley sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. MTN, 6s, 2015    2,358,000  2,485,153 

      6,144,286 
Lodging/Tourism (—%)       
MGM Resorts International sr. notes 10 3/8s, 2014    180,000  200,700 

      200,700 
Machinery (0.2%)       
Altra Holdings, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 8 1/8s, 2016    1,045,000  1,089,413 

Caterpillar Financial Services Corp. sr. unsec. notes 6 1/8s, 2014    616,000  686,180 

Deere & Co. sr. unsec. notes 6.95s, 2014    252,000  288,611 

      2,064,204 
Manufacturing (—%)       
General Cable Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes FRN 2.74711s, 2015    85,000  82,450 

      82,450 
Media (0.2%)       
Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (The) sr. unsec.       
notes 6 1/4s, 2014    231,000  244,860 

News America, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 5.3s, 2014    452,000  496,309 

Nielsen Finance, LLC/Nielsen Finance Co. sr. notes 11 5/8s, 2014    114,000  131,100 

Time Warner, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 5 7/8s, 2016    729,000  844,305 

      1,716,574 
Metals (0.5%)       
Alcoa, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.55s, 2017    339,000  357,706 

ArcelorMittal sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/8s, 2018 (France)    339,000  348,194 

BHP Billiton Finance USA Ltd company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 5 1/2s, 2014 (Australia)    339,000  376,048 

FMG Resources August 2006 Pty, Ltd. 144A sr. notes 7s, 2015       
(Australia)    1,250,000  1,254,688 

Rio Tinto Finance USA, Ltd. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 9s, 2019 (Australia)    445,000  607,761 

SGL Carbon SE company guaranty sr. sub. notes FRN       
Ser. EMTN, 2.785s, 2015 (Germany)  EUR  100,000  133,153 

Steel Dynamics, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 6 3/4s, 2015    $500,000  508,750 

Steel Dynamics, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 3/4s, 2016    170,000  178,925 

Vale Overseas, Ltd. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 6 1/4s, 2017    395,000  442,894 

      4,208,119 
Natural gas utilities (0.2%)       
Enterprise Products Operating, LLC company       
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds Ser. L, 6.3s, 2017    395,000  463,466 

Kinder Morgan Energy Partners LP notes 6s, 2017    452,000  515,207 

TransCanada Pipelines, Ltd. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/2s,       
2018 (Canada)    395,000  473,228 

      1,451,901 

 

39



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Oil and gas (1.4%)       
Anadarko Petroleum Corp. sr. notes 5.95s, 2016    $285,000  $328,886 

BP Capital Markets PLC company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 3 7/8s, 2015 (United Kingdom)    252,000  269,785 

BP Capital Markets PLC company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 4 1/2s, 2020 (United Kingdom)    200,000  219,608 

Chesapeake Energy Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 9 1/2s, 2015    490,000  561,050 

Comstock Resources, Inc. company       
guaranty sr. unsub. notes 8 3/8s, 2017    560,000  568,400 

ConocoPhillips company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 4.6s, 2015    899,000  989,891 

EnCana Holdings Finance Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 5.8s, 2014 (Canada)    395,000  433,199 

Forest Oil Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 8 1/2s, 2014    965,000  1,042,200 

Gazprom Via OAO White Nights Finance BV notes 10 1/2s, 2014       
(Netherlands)    1,000,000  1,148,800 

Newfield Exploration Co. sr. unsec. sub. notes 6 5/8s, 2014    435,000  439,350 

Petrohawk Energy Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 10 1/2s, 2014    1,035,000  1,160,494 

Petroleos de Venezuela SA sr. unsec. notes 4.9s, 2014 (Venezuela)    3,295,000  2,504,200 

Quicksilver Resources, Inc. sr. notes 11 3/4s, 2016    225,000  254,250 

Shell International Finance BV company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 3.1s, 2015 (Netherlands)    786,000  836,684 

Whiting Petroleum Corp. company guaranty 7s, 2014    125,000  135,000 

XTO Energy, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/4s, 2017    339,000  414,538 

      11,306,335 
Pharmaceuticals (0.5%)       
Abbott Laboratories sr. unsec. notes 5 7/8s, 2016    508,000  597,727 

AstraZeneca PLC sr. unsub. notes 5.9s, 2017 (United Kingdom)    339,000  411,206 

ConvaTec Healthcare E SA 144A sr. notes 7 3/8s, 2017       
(Luxembourg)  EUR  415,000  584,348 

GlaxoSmith Kline Capital, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 4 3/8s, 2014    $452,000  492,357 

Merck & Co., Inc. sr. unsec. notes 4s, 2015    508,000  556,457 

Novartis Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 2.9s, 2015    452,000  479,982 

Pfizer, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 5.35s, 2015    1,068,000  1,212,283 

      4,334,360 
Power producers (—%)       
Edison Mission Energy sr. unsec. notes 7 1/2s, 2013    350,000  336,000 

      336,000 
Real estate (0.1%)       
CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
sub. notes 11 5/8s, 2017    355,000  410,913 

Simon Property Group LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.65s, 2020 R    395,000  444,653 

Ventas Realty LP/Capital Corp. sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2017 R    135,000  140,411 

      995,977 
Regional Bells (0.3%)       
AT&T, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2 1/2s, 2015    2,579,000  2,653,301 

      2,653,301 

 

40



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Restaurants (—%)     
Wendy’s Co. (The) company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 10s, 2016  $235,000  $256,150 

    256,150 
Retail (0.5%)     
CVS Corp. sr. unsec. 5 3/4s, 2017  395,000  461,217 

Home Depot, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.4s, 2016  282,000  321,804 

Kroger Co. company guaranty 6.4s, 2017  282,000  334,354 

QVC, Inc. 144A sr. notes 7 1/8s, 2017  475,000  505,875 

Target Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5 3/8s, 2017  452,000  532,032 

Toys R Us, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 7/8s, 2013  1,200,000  1,221,000 

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.2s, 2014  1,068,000  1,134,176 

    4,510,458 
Shipping (—%)     
United Parcel Service, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3 7/8s, 2014  339,000  363,312 

    363,312 
Software (0.1%)     
Oracle Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5 1/4s, 2016  616,000  716,226 

    716,226 
Technology services (0.1%)     
IBM Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5.7s, 2017  673,000  815,924 

    815,924 
Telecommunications (0.9%)     
America Movil SAB de CV company guaranty unsec.     
unsub. notes 5 1/2s, 2014 (Mexico)  339,000  368,493 

Cellco Partnership/Verizon Wireless Capital, LLC sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 5.55s, 2014  452,000  496,282 

Clearwire Communications, LLC/Clearwire Finance, Inc. 144A     
company guaranty sr. notes 12s, 2015  350,000  299,250 

Deutsche Telekom International Finance BV company     
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 3/4s, 2016 (Germany)  452,000  504,517 

Nextel Communications, Inc. sr. notes Ser. E, 6 7/8s, 2013  840,000  831,600 

NII Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 10s, 2016  245,000  275,625 

PAETEC Holding Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 8 7/8s, 2017  290,000  313,200 

Qwest Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 3/8s, 2016  642,000  733,485 

Qwest Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/2s, 2017  510,000  549,525 

SBA Telecommunications, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 8s, 2016  240,000  258,000 

Sprint Nextel Corp. sr. unsec. notes 6s, 2016  265,000  230,550 

Telecom Italia Capital SA company guaranty 5 1/4s, 2015 (Italy)  508,000  494,691 

Telefonica Emisones SAU company guaranty 6.421s, 2016 (Spain)  250,000  272,070 

Telefonica Emisones SAU company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 4.949s, 2015 (Spain)  315,000  323,782 

Vodafone Group PLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 5/8s, 2017     
(United Kingdom)  508,000  596,783 

Wind Acquisition Finance SA 144A company     
guaranty sr. notes 7 1/4s, 2018 (Netherlands)  560,000  540,400 

    7,088,253 
Telephone (0.3%)     
Cricket Communications, Inc. company     
guaranty sr. unsub. notes 7 3/4s, 2016  380,000  394,250 

Verizon Communications, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 5.55s, 2016  1,459,000  1,686,140 

    2,080,390 

 

41



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.7%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Tobacco (0.1%)     
Altria Group, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 4 1/8s, 2015  $663,000  $721,190 

Philip Morris International, Inc. sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 5.65s, 2018  339,000  402,458 

    1,123,648 
 
Total corporate bonds and notes (cost $128,347,162)    $130,234,529 
 
 
U.S. GOVERNMENT AND AGENCY MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (12.3%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
U.S. Government Guaranteed Mortgage Obligations (0.7%)     
Government National Mortgage Association     
Pass-Through Certificates     
4s, with due dates from January 20, 2041 to February 20, 2041  $5,737,818  $6,125,568 

    6,125,568 
U.S. Government Agency Mortgage Obligations (11.6%)     
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation     
Pass-Through Certificates     
3 1/2s, with due dates from January 1, 2041 to January 1, 2041  1,936,725  1,968,121 

Federal National Mortgage Association     
Pass-Through Certificates     
4 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  24,000,000  25,380,000 
4s, TBA, November 1, 2041  8,000,000  8,316,796 
3 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  59,000,000  59,991,017 

    95,655,934 
 
Total U.S. government and agency mortgage obligations (cost $101,396,580)  $101,781,502 
 
 
SENIOR LOANS (5.9%)* c  Principal amount  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.1%)     
Getty Images, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2016  $735,517  $736,129 

    736,129 
Airlines (0.1%)     
Delta Air LInes, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2017  830,918  805,990 

    805,990 
Automotive (0.1%)     
Federal Mogul Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 2.176s, 2014  335,352  316,348 

Federal Mogul Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. C, 2.169s, 2015  171,098  161,402 

    477,750 
Biotechnology (0.1%)     
Quintiles Transnational Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5s, 2018  997,500  983,784 

    983,784 
Broadcasting (0.1%)     
Cumulus Media, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5 3/4s, 2018  800,000  788,000 

    788,000 
Building materials (0.1%)     
Goodman Global, Inc. bank term loan FRN 9s, 2017  85,000  85,159 

Goodman Global, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5 3/4s, 2016  247,581  246,786 

Nortek, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2017  674,000  659,958 

    991,903 
Cable television (0.1%)     
Atlantic Broadband Finance, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
4s, 2016  584,908  573,210 

    573,210 

 

42



SENIOR LOANS (5.9%)* c cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Chemicals (0.3%)       
AZ Chem US, Inc. bank term loan FRN 4 3/4s, 2017    $213,211  $212,678 

General Chemical Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018  689,834  681,499 

Nexeo Solutions, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2017    467,650  448,944 

Norit NV bank term loan FRN 6 3/4s, 2017 (Netherlands)    500,000  483,750 

Styron Corp. bank term loan FRN 6s, 2017    496,250  453,138 

      2,280,009 
Commercial and consumer services (0.2%)       
Brickman Group Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,       
7 1/4s, 2016    1,290,250  1,283,799 

Interactive Data Corp. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2018    711,425  703,866 

      1,987,665 
Communications equipment (—%)       
CommScope, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018    353,225  350,576 

      350,576 
Computers (0.2%)       
Eagle Parent, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2018    997,500  973,809 

Syniverse Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5 1/4s, 2017    661,998  661,998 

      1,635,807 
Consumer finance (0.1%)       
Ocwen Financial Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7 3/4s, 2016    780,000  772,200 

      772,200 
Consumer goods (0.3%)       
Revlon Consumer Products bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2017  1,496,250  1,483,158 

Spectrum Brands, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2016    772,407  769,510 

      2,252,668 
Containers (0.1%)       
Reynolds Group Holdings, Inc, bank term loan FRN Ser. C,       
6 1/2s, 2018    375,000  373,125 

Reynolds Group Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. E,       
6 1/2s, 2018    497,500  495,945 

      869,070 
Electric utilities (0.1%)       
AES Corp. (The) bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/4s, 2018    497,500  496,256 

      496,256 
Energy (oil field) (0.1%)       
Frac Tech International, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 6 1/4s, 2016  497,743  493,299 

      493,299 
Entertainment (0.1%)       
Six Flags Theme Parks bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2016    1,000,000  999,375 

      999,375 
Food (0.1%)       
Dean Foods Co. bank term loan FRN Ser. A1, 3.24s, 2014    389,610  380,065 

Del Monte Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/2s, 2018    478,800  466,830 

      846,895 
Forest products and packaging (0.1%)       
Exopack, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 6 1/2s, 2017    832,913  816,254 

      816,254 
Gaming and lottery (0.5%)       
Caesars Entertainment Operating Co., Inc. bank term loan       
FRN Ser. B1, 3.253s, 2015    1,000,000  882,143 

CCM Merger, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2017    962,480  954,058 

Gateway Casinos & Entertainment, Inc. bank term loan FRN       
Ser. B1, 5 1/4s, 2016  CAD  1,695,750  1,616,215 

Isle of Capri Casinos, Inc. bank term loan FRN 4 3/4s, 2017    $855,700  855,700 

      4,308,116 

 

43



SENIOR LOANS (5.9%)* c cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Health-care services (0.5%)     
Ardent Health Services bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 6 1/2s, 2015  $742,462  $724,829 

Emergency Medical Services Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5 1/4s, 2018  597,000  582,672 

IASIS Healthcare, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018  567,150  553,680 

Kindred Healthcare, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2018  748,125  692,016 

Multiplan, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2017  1,198,327  1,155,387 

    3,708,584 
Homebuilding (—%)     
Realogy Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4.522s, 2016  263,723  230,099 

    230,099 
Insurance (—%)     
CNO Financial Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN 6 1/4s, 2016  211,868  212,397 

    212,397 
Investment banking/Brokerage (0.1%)     
Nuveen Investments, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5.819s, 2017  517,286  495,819 

Nuveen Investments, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 3.319s, 2014  442,714  426,850 

    922,669 
Machinery (0.1%)     
Husky Injection Molding Systems, Ltd. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B, 6 1/2s, 2018 (Canada)  498,750  496,880 

Terex Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2017  665,000  664,584 

    1,161,464 
Manufacturing (0.1%)     
SRAM Corp. bank term loan FRN 8 1/2s, 2018  500,000  500,000 

SRAM Corp. bank term loan FRN 4.78s, 2018  182,192  180,371 

    680,371 
Medical technology (0.2%)     
Kinetic Concepts, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2018  1,250,000  1,252,539 

    1,252,539 
Metals (—%)     
Novelis, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 3 3/4s, 2017  282,863  280,830 

    280,830 
Pharmaceuticals (0.1%)     
Capsugel Holdings US, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5 1/4s, 2018  1,000,000  1,001,250 

    1,001,250 
Power producers (0.1%)     
New Development Holdings, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
4 1/2s, 2018  398,000  393,212 

Texas Competitive Electric Holdings Co., LLC bank term loan     
FRN 4.758s, 2017  920,555  625,517 

    1,018,729 
Publishing (0.1%)     
Cengage Learning Acquisitions, Inc. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B, 2.49s, 2014  950,103  815,307 

    815,307 
Railroads (0.1%)     
Swift Transportation Co., LLC bank term loan FRN 6s, 2016  873,261  872,442 

    872,442 
Real estate (0.1%)     
iStar Financial, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. A1, 5s, 2013  683,132  675,325 

    675,325 

 

44



SENIOR LOANS (5.9%)* c cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Restaurants (0.2%)       
Burger King Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,       
4 1/2s, 2016    $918,063  $912,707 

DineEquity, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/4s, 2017    380,849  379,897 

      1,292,604 
Retail (0.9%)       
Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corp. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B, 6 1/4s, 2017    246,875  241,056 

Claire’s Stores, Inc. bank term loan FRN 2.991s, 2014    1,288,192  1,136,507 

Gymboree Corp. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2018    496,250  464,821 

J. Crew Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2018  995,000  932,066 

Jo-Ann Stores, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2018  673,313  646,380 

NBTY, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/4s, 2017    794,000  791,023 

Neiman Marcus Group, Inc. (The) bank term loan FRN 4 3/4s, 2018  1,280,000  1,241,371 

PETCO Animal Supplies, Inc. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2017  990,000  978,863 

Rite Aid Corp. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2018    971,916  918,461 

      7,350,548 
Semiconductor (—%)       
Edwards, Ltd. bank term loan FRN 5 1/2s, 2016       
(United Kingdom)    198,500  185,432 

Edwards, Ltd. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2016       
(United Kingdom)    198,500  185,432 

      370,864 
Technology services (0.1%)       
First Data Corp. bank term loan FRN 4.235s, 2018    1,000,000  861,500 

      861,500 
Telecommunications (0.3%)       
Intelsat Jackson Holdings, Ltd. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5 1/4s, 2018 (Bermuda)    995,000  987,538 

Level 3 Financing, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B2, 5 3/4s, 2018  665,000  653,363 

MetroPCS Wireless, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B3, 4s, 2018  496,254  487,156 

SBA Communications Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 3 3/4s, 2018  498,750  493,763 

      2,621,820 
 
Total senior loans (cost $49,894,860)      $48,794,298 
 
 
PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)*  strike price  amount  Value 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Call)  Dec-11/$132.00  374,026  $680,510 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Oct-12/100.00  172,100  908,113 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Apr-12/105.00  164,000  554,320 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Mar-12/102.00  270,996  628,711 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Feb-12/97.00  238,069  305,109 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Jan-12/112.00  249,154  590,495 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Dec-11/108.00  280,395  298,469 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Nov-11/114.00  286,012  164,909 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.49%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
September 2026.  Sep-16/3.49  $3,109,944  241,301 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
3.49% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2026.  Sep-16/3.49  3,109,944  213,622 

 

45



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.37% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  $12,663,710  $1,060,206 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.37% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  12,663,710  157,663 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.52%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  10,553,092  1,001,066 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.36% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  10,553,092  876,434 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.36% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  10,553,092  132,019 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  10,553,092  105,109 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.51%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  4,221,237  397,218 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.51% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  4,221,237  41,917 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.5375%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  10,553,092  1,016,790 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.5375% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  10,553,092  99,727 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.1825% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1825  3,188,000  59,807 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.54%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  6,598,724  637,569 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.54%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  6,598,724  61,500 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.49%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  10,478,311  972,387 

 

46



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan       
Chase Bank, N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate       
of 3.49% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  $10,478,311  $103,840 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.1075% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  15,455,000  248,362 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.1075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  15,455,000  248,362 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.11875% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.11875  15,455,000  253,307 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.35% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/2.35  3,188,000  72,240 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
1.998% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  15,358,000  159,877 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.998%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  15,358,000  159,877 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
1.9275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  15,358,000  135,150 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  15,358,000  135,150 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan       
Chase Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.9275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  15,358,000  135,150 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  15,358,000  135,150 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  15,358,000  135,150 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
1.9275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  15,358,000  135,150 

 

47



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.765%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/1.765  $7,625,000  $43,386 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.015%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  Apr-12/2.015  3,050,000  32,239 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  18,569,000  866,801 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  18,569,000  216,515 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  23,833,000  84,369 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  23,833,000  30,745 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
1.86% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2017.  Mar-12/1.86  14,518,848  333,208 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.86%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
March 2017.  Mar-12/1.86  14,518,848  65,335 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of       
2.0525% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  18,569,000  825,021 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.0525% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  18,569,000  181,048 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.81%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  12,624,016  269,901 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.81% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  12,624,016  43,805 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.555% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  26,559,841  65,868 

 

48



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.555%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 3, 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  $26,559,841  $36,387 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.27% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.27  3,188,000  48,458 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.03%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  18,569,000  777,113 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.03% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  18,569,000  138,710 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
1.953% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.953  15,455,000  80,057 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9475% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  Jan-12/1.9475  15,455,000  78,357 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
1.96325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.96325  15,455,000  81,912 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
3.60% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2042.  Jan-12/3.60  8,732,510  1,152,342 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.545% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  26,559,841  54,395 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.545%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  26,559,841  26,825 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.60%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2042.  Jan-12/4.60  8,732,510  1,310 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
0.61% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  11,916,000  19,542 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.61%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  11,916,000  17,397 

 

49



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.6075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  $12,555,000  $20,088 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.6075% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  12,555,000  18,255 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of       
2.01% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  18,569,000  719,177 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.01% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  18,569,000  87,089 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.476%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  23,833,000  63,157 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
0.476% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  23,833,000  9,295 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.53%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  23,833,000  47,237 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
0.53% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  23,833,000  17,398 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.355% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  14,757,000  250,869 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.355%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  14,757,000  223,569 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.3525% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  14,757,000  99,167 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.3525%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  14,757,000  84,410 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  18,833,000  51,640 

 

50



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
0.745% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  $18,833,000  $39,361 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 4.12% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.12  2,580,867  594,064 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.12% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.12  2,580,867  1,110 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.99% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  24,330,296  959,100 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.99%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  24,330,296  933,310 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 4.045% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.045  2,086,670  449,197 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.045% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.045  2,086,670  897 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to receive a fixed rate of 4.1175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  3,295,982  758,471 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.1175% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  3,295,982  758 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
4.11% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.11  157,142  35,935 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of       
4.11% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.11  157,142  33 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.855%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/3.855  6,603,347  1,173,283 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 4.355% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.355  6,603,347  132 

 

51



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.5325% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  $26,559,841  $42,363 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.5325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  26,559,841  14,342 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 3.21%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  9,975,868  783,305 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.21% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  9,975,868  698 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
3.11% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  2,079,217  86,579 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of 3.11%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  2,079,217  30,357 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.3175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  14,757,000  158,343 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
2.3175% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  14,757,000  120,417 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to pay a fixed rate of 1.30% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  14,757,000  63,455 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the right to receive a fixed rate of 1.30%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  14,757,000  43,238 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of       
0.715% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  18,833,000  32,581 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
0.715% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  18,833,000  19,963 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
3.425% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  19,213,400  1,783,964 

 

52



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (3.7%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of       
3.425% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  $19,213,400  $27,091 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to receive a fixed rate of 2.85%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/2.85  18,242,218  856,107 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the right to pay a fixed rate of 2.85% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2021.  Nov-11/2.85  18,242,218  18 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to receive a fixed rate of       
4.0325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  5,767,398  1,244,951 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the right to pay a fixed rate of       
4.0325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  5,767,398  6 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to pay a fixed rate of 0.5175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  26,559,841  26,029 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the right to receive a fixed rate of 0.5175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  26,559,841  558 

Total purchased options outstanding (cost $29,023,220)    $30,804,149 
 
 
COMMODITY LINKED NOTES (2.8%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
UBS AG/Jersey Branch 144A notes zero %, 2012 (Indexed to the     
UBS Bloomberg CMCI Composite Index) (Jersey)    $10,494,000  $9,951,985 

UBS AG/Jersey Branch 144A notes zero %, 2012 (Indexed to the     
UBS Bloomberg CMCI Essence Index) (Jersey)    13,564,000  13,313,161 

Total commodity linked notes (cost $24,058,000)      $23,265,146 
 
 
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES (2.4%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Ace Securities Corp. FRB Ser. 06-NC3, Class A2B, 0.35472s, 2036  $1,040,000  $390,000 

Bombardier Capital Mortgage Securitization Corp. Ser. 00-A,     
Class A4, 8.29s, 2030    609,978  359,887 

Countrywide Asset Backed Certificates       
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class 2A2, 0.41472s, 2047    940,000  663,953 
FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A3, 0.40472s, 2046 F    483,000  304,140 
FRB Ser. 07-8, Class 2A2, 0.37472s, 2037 F    1,532,000  1,186,716 
FRB Ser. 07-1, Class 2A2, 0.34472s, 2037 F    944,000  792,570 

First Franklin Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates       
FRB Ser. 06-FF5, Class 2A3, 0.40472s, 2036 F    2,388,595  1,289,207 
FRB Ser. 06-FF11, Class 2A3, 0.39472s, 2036    2,165,000  1,071,675 

Green Tree Financial Corp.       
Ser. 99-3, Class A8, 7.06s, 2031    638,000  544,693 
Ser. 99-2, Class A7, 6.44s, 2030    360,409  381,035 

 

53



ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES (2.4%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
GSAA Home Equity Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-3, Class A3, 0.54472s, 2036 F  $2,276,658  $1,075,192 
FRB Ser. 05-15, Class 2A2, 0.49472s, 2036  1,010,225  586,787 
FRB Ser. 05-14, Class 2A2, 0.49472s, 2035  557,785  256,581 
FRB Ser. 05-11, Class 3A4, 0.49472s, 2035  912,135  684,101 
FRB Ser. 06-19, Class A3A, 0.48472s, 2036  692,158  264,750 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class A4A, 0.46472s, 2047  1,431,353  622,639 
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class A2, 0.46472s, 2036  1,532,677  605,408 
FRB Ser. 06-16, Class A2, 0.41472s, 2036  842,755  337,102 
FRB Ser. 06-9, Class A3, 0.40472s, 2036 F  763,166  305,116 
FRB Ser. 06-12, Class A2A, 0.39472s, 2036  870,953  357,091 
FRB Ser. 06-9, Class A2, 0.36472s, 2036 F  566,567  226,515 
FRB Ser. 06-16, Class A1, 0.30472s, 2036  1,383,933  553,573 

HSI Asset Securitization Corp. Trust FRB Ser. 06-HE1,     
Class 2A1, 0.29472s, 2036  22,972  9,533 

Lehman XS Trust FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A1, 0.42472s, 2036  752,842  319,958 

Long Beach Mortgage Loan Trust FRB Ser. 06-5, Class 2A3,     
0.39472s, 2036  4,980,442  1,718,253 

Oakwood Mortgage Investors, Inc.     
Ser. 01-C, Class A4, 7.405s, 2030  925,972  516,229 
Ser. 00-D, Class A4, 7.4s, 2030  1,066,007  652,929 
Ser. 02-A, Class A4, 6.97s, 2032  718,921  651,522 
Ser. 01-D, Class A2, 5.26s, 2019  887,589  521,459 

Oakwood Mortgage Investors, Inc. 144A Ser. 01-B, Class A4,     
7.21s, 2030  346,349  319,939 

Structured Asset Securities Corp. FRB Ser. 06-BC2,     
Class A3, 0.39472s, 2036 F  3,970,181  2,089,308 

WAMU Asset-Backed Certificates FRB Ser. 07-HE1, Class 2A1,     
0.29472s, 2037  33,544  31,657 

Total asset-backed securities (cost $21,942,388)    $19,689,518 
 
 
FOREIGN GOVERNMENT BONDS AND NOTES (1.5%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds 7s, 2017  $325,000  $266,500 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds Ser. VII, 7s, 2013  1,405,000  1,361,557 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 7s, 2015  7,915,000  7,124,846 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds FRB 0.439s, 2012  2,805,000  331,214 

Croatia (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 3/8s, 2021  240,000  234,606 

Ukraine (Government of ) Financing of Infrastructural Projects     
State Enterprise 144A govt. guaranty notes 8 3/8s, 2017  200,000  184,000 

Ukraine (Government of) sr. unsec. bonds 6.385s, 2012  525,000  519,472 

Ukraine (Government of) 144A bonds 7 3/4s, 2020  500,000  478,750 

Ukraine (Government of) 144A sr. unsec. notes 7.95s, 2021  215,000  210,423 

Ukraine (Government of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7.65s, 2013  1,700,000  1,674,500 

Total foreign government bonds and notes (cost $13,251,498)    $12,385,868 
 
 
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (31.9%)*  Principal amount/shares  Value 

 
Straight-A Funding, LLC for an effective yield of 0.163%,     
January 18, 2012  $8,000,000  $7,996,707 

U.S. Treasury Bills for an effective yield of 0.093%,     
September 20, 2012 # ##  32,000,000  31,973,216 

 

54



SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (31.9%)* cont.  Principal amount/shares  Value 

 
U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.092% to 0.099%, August 23, 2012 # ##  $51,000,000  $50,960,225 

U.S. Treasury Bills for an effective yield of 0.071%,     
July 26, 2012 ##  10,000,000  9,994,714 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.072% to 0.145%, April 5, 2012 ##  73,000,000  72,965,799 

U.S. Treasury Bills for an effective yield of 0.221%,     
March 8, 2012 ##  15,000,000  14,987,200 

U.S. Treasury Bills for an effective yield of 0.197%,     
December 15, 2011 # ##  17,000,000  16,994,182 

U.S. Treasury Bills zero %, November 17, 2011 ##  12,000,000  11,999,997 

Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund 0.05% e  46,344,270  46,344,270 

Total short-term investments (cost $264,216,310)    $264,216,310 
 
 
TOTAL INVESTMENTS     

Total investments (cost $969,524,582)    $975,209,299 

 

Key to holding’s currency abbreviations

 

AUD  Australian Dollar 
CAD  Canadian Dollar 
CHF  Swiss Franc 
EUR  Euro 
GBP  British Pound 
JPY  Japanese Yen 
KRW  South Korean Won 
SEK  Swedish Krona 
USD / $  United States Dollar 

 

Key to holding’s abbreviations

 

EMTN  Euro Medium Term Notes 
ETF  Exchange Traded Fund 
FRB  Floating Rate Bonds 
FRN  Floating Rate Notes 
IFB  Inverse Floating Rate Bonds 
IO  Interest Only 
MTN  Medium Term Notes 
OAO  Open Joint Stock Company 
OJSC  Open Joint Stock Company 
PO  Principal Only 
SPDR  S&P Depository Receipts 
TBA  To Be Announced Commitments 

 

Notes to the fund’s portfolio

Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011 (the reporting period).

* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $828,143,447.

† Non-income-producing security.

‡ Restricted, excluding 144A securities, as to public resale. The total market value of the restricted security held at the close of the reporting period was $344,834, and less than 0.1% of net assets.

‡‡ Income may be received in cash or additional securities at the discretion of the issuer.

55



# This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the broker to cover margin requirements for futures contracts at the close of the reporting period.

## This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the custodian for collateral on certain derivatives contracts at the close of the reporting period.

c Senior loans are exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, but contain certain restrictions on resale and cannot be sold publicly. These loans pay interest at rates which adjust periodically. The interest rates shown for senior loans are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period. Senior loans are also subject to mandatory and/or optional prepayment which cannot be predicted. As a result, the remaining maturity may be substantially less than the stated maturity shown (Notes 1 and 7).

e See Note 6 to the financial statements regarding investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund. The rate quoted in the security description is the annualized 7-day yield of the fund at the close of the reporting period.

F Is valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. Securities may be classified as Level 2 or Level 3 for Accounting Standards Codification ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820) based on the securities’ valuation inputs.

R Real Estate Investment Trust.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund maintained liquid assets totaling $415,659,898 to cover certain derivatives contracts.

Debt obligations are considered secured unless otherwise indicated.

144A after the name of an issuer represents securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers.

See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding TBAs.

The rates shown on FRB and FRN are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

IFB are securities that pay interest rates that vary inversely to changes in the market interest rates. As interest rates rise, inverse floaters produce less current income. The rates shown are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

The dates shown on debt obligations are the original maturity dates.

FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $198,947,746)

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  $501,117  $457,148  $43,969 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  1,525,956  1,410,032  115,924 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  1,188,234  1,146,366  41,868 

  Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  401,869  436,367  (34,498) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  242,095  222,709  19,386 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  352,166  335,558  16,608 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  1,531,262  1,477,330  (53,932) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  128,365  124,488  (3,877) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  4,120,861  4,193,313  72,452 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  256,733  248,106  (8,627) 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  440,856  374,663  (66,193) 

  Russian Ruble  Buy  11/16/11  413,352  380,774  32,578 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  452,182  432,898  (19,284) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  399,881  393,966  5,915 

 

56



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $198,947,746) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A. cont.           

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  $1,655,015  $1,527,089  $(127,926) 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  767,285  726,214  41,071 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  4,415,223  4,238,569  176,654 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  935,881  912,111  (23,770) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  196,972  183,128  (13,844) 

Barclays Bank PLC           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  3,708,036  3,601,144  106,892 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  1,687,940  1,554,290  (133,650) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  3,258,278  3,199,412  (58,866) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,773,360  1,727,708  (45,652) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  423,752  389,563  (34,189) 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  17,616  16,773  (843) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  4,696,166  4,557,459  (138,707) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  999,686  985,720  (13,966) 

  Indian Rupee  Buy  11/16/11  482,908  473,784  9,124 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  197,063  216,968  19,905 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Buy  11/16/11  380,131  363,614  16,517 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  145,881  135,922  (9,959) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  183,885  172,698  (11,187) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  7,044,032  6,718,192  325,840 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  667,792  643,373  24,419 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  160,610  147,638  (12,972) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  775,021  740,981  (34,040) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  714,745  677,097  37,648 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  3,008,977  2,813,275  195,702 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  162,940  156,370  6,570 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  164,768  151,976  (12,792) 

  Thai Baht  Sell  11/16/11  322,642  316,751  (5,891) 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  1,375,933  1,294,835  81,098 

Citibank, N.A.             

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,363,527  1,375,269  (11,742) 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  886,266  816,965  69,301 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  729,242  684,749  44,493 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  150,337  170,478  20,141 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  426,392  391,748  (34,644) 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  649,648  622,344  27,304 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  1,999,302  1,973,502  (25,800) 

  Hungarian Forint  Buy  11/16/11  965,994  938,048  27,946 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  1,600,712  1,631,975  31,263 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  107,202  103,904  3,298 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  13,896  13,046  850 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  421,998  482,958  (60,960) 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  721,477  685,284  (36,193) 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,559,446  1,485,203  74,243 

 

57



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $198,947,746) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A. cont.           

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  $1,218,318  $1,200,565  $(17,753) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  16,746  15,452  1,294 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,248,476  1,262,066  13,590 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  538,500  516,808  21,692 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  681,078  656,556  (24,522) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  193,873  186,343  (7,530) 

Credit Suisse AG           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  5,404,027  5,069,652  334,375 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  70,890  65,434  (5,456) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  653,038  656,602  3,564 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  4,132,827  3,997,225  (135,602) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  5,651  5,193  458 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  263,814  251,520  12,294 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  1,752,900  1,767,102  14,202 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  420,878  408,253  (12,625) 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  1,647,167  1,616,692  (30,475) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  954,617  984,567  29,950 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  307,472  293,883  (13,589) 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  74,983  74,626  357 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  2,518,798  2,507,956  10,842 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  505,671  479,527  26,144 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  86,601  79,589  (7,012) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  615,235  588,347  (26,888) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  469,875  464,397  5,478 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  822,109  758,437  (63,672) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,274,817  1,205,986  (68,831) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  420,226  402,950  (17,276) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,120,853  1,102,184  18,669 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  651,333  605,999  (45,334) 

Deutsche Bank AG           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  134,143  145,051  (10,908) 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  608,745  563,710  45,035 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  785,350  731,801  53,549 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,770,763  2,690,785  (79,978) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  213,531  196,376  17,155 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  384,766  366,737  (18,029) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  7,063,203  6,866,811  (196,392) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  384,516  372,834  (11,682) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  1,002,868  1,023,261  (20,393) 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  241,490  231,105  (10,385) 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  676,247  654,804  21,443 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  288,836  271,332  (17,504) 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  858,297  741,976  (116,321) 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  268,266  258,694  9,572 

 

58



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $198,947,746) cont.

          Unrealized 
  Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.           

Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  $1,756,050  $1,680,124  $75,926 

South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  1,131,708  1,027,840  (103,868) 

Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,643,349  1,554,713  (88,636) 

Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  1,455,409  1,396,307  (59,102) 

Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  559,338  530,122  (29,216) 

Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  242,285  224,949  (17,336) 

Goldman Sachs International           

Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,904,519  1,553,769  (350,750) 

British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  886,634  855,233  31,401 

Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  37,910  5,640  32,270 

Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  287,324  263,994  23,330 

Euro  Sell  11/16/11  784,724  818,278  33,554 

Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  464,713  451,012  (13,701) 

Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  1,844,408  1,880,160  35,752 

Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,052,070  954,267  (97,803) 

Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  179,482  169,295  (10,187) 

South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  830,735  817,425  13,310 

Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,108,772  1,050,676  (58,096) 

Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  2,126,312  2,039,454  (86,858) 

HSBC Bank USA, National Association         

Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  867,670  597,147  (270,523) 

British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  1,086,146  1,046,619  (39,527) 

Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,056,274  1,058,498  2,224 

Euro  Sell  11/16/11  745,709  769,680  23,971 

Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  636,018  623,525  (12,493) 

Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  415,027  423,353  (8,326) 

New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  26,015  24,423  1,592 

Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  536,586  508,260  (28,326) 

Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  686,880  657,317  (29,563) 

South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  2,246,263  2,067,991  178,272 

Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  1,507,482  1,445,696  (61,786) 

Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  312,759  304,796  (7,963) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.           

Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  3,128,642  3,147,030  (18,388) 

Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  461,218  424,427  36,791 

British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  198,066  165,659  32,407 

Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  895,205  905,596  10,391 

Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  176,322  161,975  14,347 

Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  771,796  736,102  (35,694) 

Euro  Sell  11/16/11  3,562,938  3,526,384  (36,554) 

Hungarian Forint  Buy  11/16/11  599,513  564,820  34,693 

Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  2,045,867  2,047,387  (1,520) 

Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  202,702  193,743  (8,959) 

Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  114,562  110,933  (3,629) 

 

59



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $198,947,746) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.           

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  $71,421  $66,998  $4,423 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,086,826  1,027,734  (59,092) 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  386,843  367,664  (19,179) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  74,018  68,035  (5,983) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  580,967  555,450  (25,517) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  679,807  671,268  8,539 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  1,185,955  1,111,035  74,920 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  476,592  450,559  (26,033) 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  565,733  542,742  22,991 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  262,349  256,020  6,329 

  Thai Baht  Sell  11/16/11  151,007  148,155  (2,852) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  97,725  90,738  (6,987) 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The)           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  3,347,269  3,340,927  6,342 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  640,678  588,533  (52,145) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  4,198,126  4,057,207  (140,919) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,359,466  2,199,509  (159,957) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  28,541  26,212  (2,329) 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  69,350  66,096  (3,254) 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  2,049,246  1,905,862  143,384 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  298,179  307,335  9,156 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  289,630  284,215  (5,415) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  2,234,495  2,219,931  14,564 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  261  251  (10) 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  135,666  131,653  (4,013) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  7,514  7,057  (457) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  2,552,927  2,577,132  (24,205) 

  Polish Zloty  Sell  11/16/11  315,106  299,290  (15,816) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  86,588  79,601  (6,987) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  435,207  417,476  (17,731) 

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  1,086,013  1,071,663  (14,350) 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  546,750  504,195  (42,555) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  901,914  852,766  (49,148) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  400,970  384,759  (16,211) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,665,400  1,635,714  29,686 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  47,961  44,647  3,314 

State Street Bank and Trust Co.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  4,120,776  3,997,247  123,529 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  1,016,898  935,166  (81,732) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  858,499  860,133  1,634 

  Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  431,556  431,925  (369) 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  113,946  108,645  (5,301) 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  8,062,093  7,632,466  429,627 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  654,394  634,152  (20,242) 

 

60



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $198,947,746) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

State Street Bank and Trust Co. cont.           

  Indonesian Rupiah  Sell  11/16/11  $307,235  $293,530  $(13,705) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  352,874  388,712  35,838 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Buy  11/16/11  252,986  242,447  10,539 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  207,561  201,094  (6,467) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  2,054,077  2,133,360  (79,283) 

  Polish Zloty  Buy  11/16/11  133,552  133,382  170 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  74,015  68,032  (5,983) 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  213,101  199,109  13,992 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  55,935  55,084  851 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  18,740  17,295  1,445 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,300,850  1,197,164  (103,686) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  72,696  69,731  (2,965) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  288,882  273,625  (15,257) 

  Thai Baht  Buy  11/16/11  614,249  604,962  9,287 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  45,030  34,365  (10,665) 

Westpac Banking Corp.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  958,151  1,022,630  (64,479) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  501,434  485,848  15,586 

  Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  58,169  25,217  32,952 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  1,908,959  1,904,248  (4,711) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  2,784,395  2,815,312  (30,917) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  388,131  364,271  23,860 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  37,179  35,261  (1,918) 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  125,338  118,789  6,549 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  552,743  530,463  22,280 

Total            $(659,130) 

 

FUTURES CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

 

        Unrealized 
  Number of    Expiration  appreciation/ 
  contracts  Value  date  (depreciation) 

Australian Government Treasury Bond         
10 yr (Long)  4  $470,593  Dec-11  $3,909 

Canadian Government Bond         
10 yr (Long)  17  2,239,549  Dec-11  5,674 

Euro STOXX 50 Index (Short)  779  25,740,307  Dec-11  (536,398) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  16  4,555,935  Dec-11  (34,018) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  38  10,829,004  Jun-12  (131,216) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  38  10,829,004  Dec-12  (169,870) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  38  10,825,758  Mar-12  (102,579) 

Japanese Government Bond         
10 yr (Short)  2  3,634,178  Dec-11  7,599 

Japanese Government Bond         
10 yr Mini (Short)  23  4,183,423  Dec-11  10,464 

NASDAQ 100 Index E-Mini (Long)  39  1,837,680  Dec-11  120,836 

 

61



FUTURES CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

        Unrealized 
  Number of    Expiration  appreciation/ 
  contracts  Value  date  (depreciation) 

S&P 500 Index E-Mini (Long)  284  $17,740,060  Dec-11  $(19,027) 

S&P Mid Cap 400 Index E-Mini (Long)  382  33,849,020  Dec-11  1,701,299 

U.S. Treasury Bond 30 yr (Long)  245  34,062,657  Dec-11  645,197 

U.S. Treasury Note 10 yr (Long)  5  645,313  Dec-11  (3,003) 

Total        $1,498,867 

 

WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681)

 

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Call)  773,600  Nov-11/$129.00  $922,270 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Call)  773,600  Nov-11/130.00  692,705 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  270,996  Mar-12/90.00  316,805 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  238,069  Feb-12/85.00  148,636 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  173,698  Dec-11/100.00  121,517 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  $6,180,300  Aug-15/4.375  448,134 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  6,180,300  Aug-15/4.375  1,532,492 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.80% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  19,957,200  Jan-12/4.80  339 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  19,957,200  Jan-12/4.80  4,358,253 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.46% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  6,180,300  Aug-15/4.46  421,744 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.46%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2045.  6,180,300  Aug-15/4.46  1,602,206 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  11,974,320  Jan-12/4.72  120 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  11,974,320  Jan-12/4.72  2,525,264 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.7975% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
October 2021.  3,050,000  Oct-16/2.7975  78,141 

 

62



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.5625% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing October 2021.  7,625,000  Oct-16/2.5625  $163,099 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  14,288,761  Aug-16/3.625  1,033,649 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  14,288,761  Aug-16/3.625  1,063,798 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  24,328,403  Aug-16/5.35  749,923 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  24,328,403  Aug-16/4.35  2,730,401 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  10,549,616  Aug-16/4.17  305,517 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  10,549,616  Aug-16/4.17  633,747 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  16,863,030  Aug-16/4.28  878,395 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  16,863,030  Aug-16/4.28  1,828,458 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  6,736,016  Aug-16/4.68  286,954 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  6,736,016  Aug-16/4.68  870,233 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  5,613,347  Jul-16/4.67  240,139 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  5,613,347  Jul-16/4.67  722,112 

 

63



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  5,613,347  Jul-16/4.80  $224,927 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  5,613,347  Jul-16/4.80  765,677 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  2,245,339  Jul-16/4.80  89,836 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  2,245,339  Jul-16/4.80  306,264 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  5,613,347  Jul-16/4.815  222,794 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  5,613,347  Jul-16/4.815  770,808 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.79% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  3,509,959  Jul-16/4.79  140,960 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.79%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  3,509,959  Jul-16/4.79  477,182 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.74% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  5,573,570  Jul-16/4.74  229,185 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.74%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  5,573,570  Jul-16/4.74  740,694 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  4,145,824  Jun-16/4.815  160,982 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  4,145,824  Jun-16/4.815  572,198 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  7,402,572  Jun-16/5.12  134,949 

 

64



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.89%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  7,284,320  Jun-16/4.89  $146,298 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  7,238,070  Jun-16/4.575  167,634 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  7,402,572  Jun-16/4.12  439,935 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.39%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  7,284,320  Jun-16/4.39  494,489 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  7,238,070  Jun-16/4.575  535,183 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.04% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2025.  27,400,500  Sep-15/4.04  1,379,067 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.04%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
September 2025.  27,400,500  Sep-15/4.04  2,657,191 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank PLC       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.36% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  1,726,280  Feb-15/5.36  34,812 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank PLC       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 5.36% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  1,726,280  Feb-15/5.36  324,744 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 5.27% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2025.  3,955,380  Feb-15/5.27  83,664 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 5.27%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  3,955,380  Feb-15/5.27  718,613 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  4,162,255  Aug-14/4.20  133,900 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  4,162,255  Aug-14/4.20  482,934 

 

65



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  3,468,546  Jul-14/4.19  $111,677 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  3,468,546  Jul-14/4.19  400,971 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,387,418  Jul-14/4.34  40,614 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,387,418  Jul-14/4.34  173,767 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  3,468,546  Jul-14/4.35  100,893 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  3,468,546  Jul-14/4.35  436,714 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  3,468,554  Jul-14/4.3725  99,114 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  3,468,554  Jul-14/4.3725  442,726 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  2,168,841  Jul-14/4.36  62,248 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  2,168,841  Jul-14/4.36  275,024 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  3,443,967  Jul-14/4.29  103,243 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.29%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 23, 2024.  3,443,967  Jul-14/4.29  420,929 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  33,161,500  Aug-12/2.855  857,225 

 

66



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  33,161,500  Aug-12/2.855  $1,655,090 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA August 2022.  42,757,600  Aug-12/2.73  1,281,445 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  42,757,600  Aug-12/2.73  1,833,446 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.6825% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  1,812,000  Jul-12/2.6825  73,150 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.6075% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  12,766,000  Jul-12/2.6075  464,044 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.6075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  12,766,000  Jul-12/2.6075  464,044 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.61875% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  12,766,000  Jul-12/2.61875  471,065 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.60% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  2,493,000  Apr-12/2.60  86,532 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.498% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.498  358,014 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.498% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.498  358,014 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  2,391,100  Apr-12/4.8675  406 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.4275  315,996 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.4275  315,996 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.4275  315,996 

 

67



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.4275  $315,996 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.4275  315,996 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  12,286,000  Apr-12/2.4275  315,996 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  2,391,100  Apr-12/4.8675  517,817 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.52% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  2,383,000  Jan-12/2.52  64,389 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4475% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2022.  10,510,000  Jan-12/2.4475  234,899 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.453% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  10,510,000  Jan-12/2.453  237,946 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.46325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  10,510,000  Jan-12/2.46325  242,256 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  6,365,775  Dec-11/2.28  573 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  6,365,775  Dec-11/2.28  282,959 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  19,496,628  Dec-11/1.29  81,301 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  19,496,628  Dec-11/1.29  153,438 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.225% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  8,390,737  Dec-11/2.225  503 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.225% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  8,390,737  Dec-11/2.225  354,341 

 

68



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.24% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  397,501  Dec-11/2.24  $20 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.24% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  397,501  Dec-11/2.24  17,100 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  1,540,026  Nov-11/1.26  3,465 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  1,540,026  Nov-11/1.26  9,102 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.11% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  11,141,576  May-16/5.11  203,445 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.86% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  10,969,952  May-16/4.86  222,624 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.11% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  11,141,576  May-16/4.11  658,790 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  10,969,952  May-16/4.36  734,197 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.60% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  10,915,355  May-16/4.60  816,283 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.60% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  10,915,355  May-16/4.60  248,870 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.765%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  21,482,482  May-16/4.765  451,476 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.765% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing May 2021.  21,482,482  May-16/4.765  1,731,595 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  9,302,123  May-16/4.7575  195,279 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  14,205,307  May-16/4.745  299,874 

 

69



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $52,735,681) cont.

  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  35,513,269  May-16/4.77  $741,517 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  9,302,123  May-16/4.7575  748,598 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  14,205,307  May-16/4.745  1,137,078 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  35,513,269  May-16/4.77  2,873,240 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.31% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  4,505,805  Nov-11/2.31  45 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.31% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  4,505,805  Nov-11/2.31  211,548 

Total      $63,050,910 

 

INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

 

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
$91,886,600  $10,561  7/8/13  0.68%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $(373,184) 

19,463,700    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.45%  (36,401) 

21,494,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (16,221) 

2,773,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.1825%  (30,082) 

33,088,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.54875%  (428) 

22,564,000    10/5/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.597%  20,713 

2,609,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (31,587) 

12,225,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3%  (13,574) 

5,982,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.245%  (36,795) 

4,374,000    8/2/21  2.97236%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (292,544) 

 

70



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A. cont.         
  $3,717,000  $—  10/14/26  2.74%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(10,904) 

  8,988,000    8/9/13  0.553%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (5,994) 

  50,998,000  (76,350)  2/7/15  1.891%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,083,465) 

AUD  2,140,000    4/18/21  6.10%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (172,229) 

CAD  1,320,000    9/14/21  2.4075%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  19,976 

CAD  1,718,000    10/6/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.445%  (22,644) 

CAD  2,280,000    10/31/21  2.64%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  (5,918) 

EUR  14,000,000    6/14/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.711561%  371,839 

GBP  753,000    10/11/21  2.76%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (7,969) 

JPY  763,000,000    9/21/21  0.98375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  26,456 

JPY  283,000,000    10/6/21  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.98625%  (11,482) 

JPY  315,000,000    10/13/21  0.9925%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  16,409 

Barclays Bank PLC           
  $10,282,665  93,058  9/8/16  2.065%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (325,927) 

  3,351,000    9/15/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  34,035 

  15,216,500    9/19/20  2.12%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  48,464 

  20,595,500    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.51%  (13,044) 

  4,367,000    9/19/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.035%  72,722 

  12,615,000    9/20/20  2.136%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  23,933 

  16,252,200    9/21/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (16,484) 

  33,013,700    9/22/13  0.4775%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  43,814 

  12,382,000    9/22/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (129,426) 

  4,911,000    9/22/41  2.975%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (20,520) 

  21,494,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  (16,892) 

 

71



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$21,463,000  $—  9/27/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  $(12,265) 

5,293,000    9/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.041%  (125,506) 

82,956,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.511043%  (60,074) 

80,483,400  15,177  6/17/13  0.64%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (271,658) 

6,451,000    9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.857%  (131,441) 

3,353,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.155%  (44,760) 

30,476,000    9/30/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.53%  (10,704) 

4,049,000    9/30/21  2.165%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  50,423 

974,000    9/30/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.25625%  (239) 

4,400,000    6/20/41  3.91625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (903,808) 

1,746,000    10/3/41  2.8175%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  50,212 

11,022,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.543%  (1,404) 

2,662,000    10/4/21  2.089%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  52,746 

6,772,000    10/6/21  1.999%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  191,220 

21,300,000    6/27/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.88882%  4,241,780 

5,002,000    6/28/41  3.885%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (991,752) 

2,710,000    6/28/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.88%  534,531 

8,440,000    6/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.85488%  1,623,341 

5,600,000    6/30/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.92%  1,152,021 

22,269,000    7/8/13  0.6775%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (91,936) 

1,976,000 E    4/11/22  2.265%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  37,544 

1,455,885    10/7/18  1.73%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  8,259 

154,599,000    10/7/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.636%  (257,810) 

29,072,000    10/7/21  2.11%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  527,649 

 

72



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$1,187,000  $—  10/7/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.668%  $(70,636) 

2,826,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (12,378) 

1,232,000    10/24/13  0.648%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (2,111) 

4,833,000    10/24/21  2.363%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (17,143) 

3,154,000    10/25/21  2.385%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (17,335) 

7,683,000    10/27/13  0.64625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (12,548) 

29,324,000    7/12/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7225%  145,699 

604,000    7/12/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  4.0825%  143,427 

13,662,000    7/13/20  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.93%  976,289 

38,665,000    7/13/13  0.645%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (132,049) 

5,800,000    7/14/41  3.88%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,135,360) 

5,636,000    7/20/13  0.66%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (20,601) 

385,000    7/20/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.888%  75,792 

7,334,233  (112,947)  9/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.14%  456,831 

8,692,424  (165,589)  10/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.17%  509,852 

8,486,600  10,941  3/30/31  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  4.17%  1,751,400 

2,955,000    7/25/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.97%  629,992 

23,095,000    7/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.635%  71,207 

2,720,000    7/28/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.9675%  577,761 

14,360,000    8/2/13  0.6425%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (36,655) 

4,342,000    8/2/41  3.8925%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (850,803) 

10,582,000    8/3/13  0.5875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (15,270) 

6,813,000    8/3/41  3.83375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,252,627) 

5,372,000    8/4/41  3.6108%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (741,778) 

 

73



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$14,580,000  $—  8/5/13  0.576%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $(17,207) 

2,444,000    8/5/13  0.57125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (2,661) 

2,457,000    8/5/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.58%  323,554 

19,869,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (24,495) 

3,022,000    10/28/41  2.9525%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  10,266 

2,411,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.329%  (186) 

90,508,700    10/31/17  1.74%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (753,766) 

24,699,800    10/31/16  1.44%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (163,713) 

23,152,100    10/31/41  3.13%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (769,069) 

8,418,000    10/31/21  2.55%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (171,122) 

1,858,000    10/31/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.2025%  89,106 

3,132,000    11/2/41  3.052%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (52,461) 

1,137,000    8/9/41  3.48375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (126,948) 

5,216,000    8/9/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.49%  589,020 

591,000    8/9/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.575%  77,019 

9,546,000    8/17/13  0.45%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  14,041 

3,220,000    8/17/41  3.343%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (264,574) 

48,385,536    8/18/13  0.439%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  82,249 

84,181,927 E    3/21/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.44125%  (102,702) 

4,469,000    8/31/21  2.348%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (31,942) 

10,440,000  (59,769)  9/8/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.14%  403,946 

12,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (150,909) 

20,325,000    8/31/13  0.509%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  8,690 

4,581,000    9/1/21  2.355%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (33,961) 

 

74



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
  $15,320,000  $—  9/6/20  2.231%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(110,829) 

  1,015,000    9/6/41  3.2375%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (59,897) 

  12,052,000    9/6/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (10,266) 

  35,399,000    9/6/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.48875%  (32,479) 

  6,191,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.17%  (63,016) 

  6,191,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (57,291) 

  4,973,000    9/8/41  2.958%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (8,809) 

  27,117,000    9/8/13  0.52875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  4,203 

  15,692,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.186%  (136,601) 

  2,098,000    9/12/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  20,900 

  29,128,000    9/13/13  0.52%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  10,680 

  10,913,000    9/13/21  2.145%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  140,668 

  2,259,000    9/13/41  2.975%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (11,016) 

  4,842,000    9/15/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5275%  (1,255) 

AUD  4,290,000    10/13/21  5.0575%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  16,355 

AUD  7,310,000    3/21/16  5.57%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (307,021) 

AUD  5,560,000    3/21/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  5.88%  362,450 

AUD  3,410,000    4/21/21  6.0675%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (266,751) 

EUR  25,100,000    6/15/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.67%  636,528 

EUR  31,375,000    6/15/13  1.95%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (739,448) 

EUR  2,544,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.532%  (9,542) 

EUR  1,437,000    10/4/21  2.542%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  4,260 

 

75



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
EUR  2,002,000  $—  10/12/21  2.675%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  $(25,513) 

EUR  3,990,000    10/14/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.73%  77,035 

GBP  3,924,000    9/26/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.54%  (76,247) 

GBP  882,000    10/3/21  2.5675%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  14,363 

GBP  2,450,000    8/8/21  2.9785%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (122,721) 

GBP  1,086,000    8/15/31  3.6%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (110,152) 

GBP  3,700,000 E    2/3/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.86%  329,290 

Citibank, N.A.           
  $4,121,000    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.459%  (6,967) 

  1,966,000    9/23/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.136%  (28,646) 

  5,432,000    9/30/18  1.73625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  24,349 

  7,577,000    10/3/13  0.55625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (999) 

  5,864,000    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.04%  (64,874) 

  5,284,250    10/3/21  2.159%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  70,495 

  297,000    10/3/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.804%  (9,358) 

  1,121,000 E    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.0625%  (20,503) 

  2,826,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (12,378) 

  5,224,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  24,990 

  10,184,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (12,555) 

  1,273,000    8/8/41  3.5825%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (167,964) 

  1,755,000    8/8/41  3.517%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (208,042) 

  8,988,000    8/9/13  0.5525%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (6,064) 

  37,827,100  77,543  8/25/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.1%  (23,414) 

 

76



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A. cont.           
  $10,442,000  $26,764  8/25/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.24%  $114 

SEK  8,980,200    10/3/21  2.555%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  7,729 

SEK  9,014,000    10/4/21  2.5%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  14,399 

SEK  27,082,000    7/8/16  3.275%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (211,343) 

SEK  28,382,000    7/11/16  3.2825%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (222,179) 

Credit Suisse International         
  $2,033,000    9/16/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.20375%  (15,799) 

  26,529,000    9/20/13  0.52125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  11,308 

  23,672,800    9/21/13  0.5%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  20,498 

  1,630,000    9/22/21  2.15125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  21,327 

  25,031,000    9/29/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.52375%  (11,996) 

  8,209,600    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.055%  (80,548) 

  7,397,950    10/3/21  2.172%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  89,888 

  15,800,000 E    3/21/13  1.15625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (92,904) 

  2,974,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.65375%  5,874 

  2,826,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (12,378) 

  22,099,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.68%  55,018 

  1,978,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  9,462 

  42,241,800  (8,642)  2/24/15  2.04%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (1,856,361) 

  27,564,000    10/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.65%  46,255 

  6,478,000    11/2/13  0.5825%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,073) 

  13,140,000    11/2/13  0.56%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,708 

  10,225,000    8/8/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.57375%  11,317 

  8,988,000    8/9/13  0.5525%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (6,064) 

 

77



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse International cont.         
  $1,250,000  $—  8/18/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.3688%  $109,189 

  7,013,000    8/18/13  0.4385%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  11,998 

  2,811,000    8/23/14  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.633%  (1,921) 

  796,000    8/24/41  3.0775%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (21,728) 

  511,000    8/26/21  2.362%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (4,379) 

  29,408,600    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.493%  (22,181) 

  10,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (125,758) 

  21,194,800    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5125%  (7,667) 

  13,011,300    8/31/21  2.43125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (192,648) 

  2,921,500    8/31/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.264%  192,568 

  2,395,000    9/6/21  2.349%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (15,339) 

  6,191,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.17%  (63,016) 

  7,825,000    9/14/13  0.53875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  108 

  3,929,000    9/14/41  2.944%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  6,065 

  75,053,800  5,352  5/27/13  0.72%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (396,317) 

CHF  5,228,000    9/28/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.405%  (40,525) 

CHF  1,485,000    10/5/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.44%  (5,552) 

CHF  821,000    10/7/21  1.465%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  868 

CHF  1,054,000    10/10/21  1.45%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  3,133 

CHF  1,360,000    10/14/21  1.535%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (7,544) 

GBP  1,860,000    10/12/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.7875%  26,846 

GBP  2,451,000    8/15/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.91%  96,282 

 

78



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG           
$1,066,000  $—  9/14/21  2.145%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $13,833 

3,270,000    9/14/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.95%  (1,033) 

8,234,000    9/19/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.6625%  (4,425) 

16,315,000    9/27/18  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.515%  (312,422) 

21,463,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (12,265) 

378,000    9/29/21  2.165%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  4,699 

2,773,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.1875%  (28,822) 

9,382,400    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.034%  (108,533) 

8,454,800    10/3/21  2.153%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  117,481 

3,547,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.56125%  780 

3,183,000    10/4/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7175%  2,031 

56,952,600    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.792%  160,299 

29,752,839    10/7/16  1.3045%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (47,999) 

54,189,480    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.532%  (112,447) 

567,000 E    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.0475%  (10,739) 

37,968,400    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.787%  101,196 

19,835,226    10/7/16  1.30125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (28,783) 

36,126,320    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.529%  (81,539) 

8,750,835    10/7/16  1.303%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (13,409) 

1,779,415    10/7/18  1.7265%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  10,508 

3,536,000    10/11/41  2.7725%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  136,199 

2,826,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (12,378) 

2,295,000 E    4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  4,406 

2,883,000    10/14/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.94375%  (11,158) 

 

79



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
$35,330,000  $—  10/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.6505%  $59,641 

37,383,000    11/1/21  2.525%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (662,801) 

53,356,000    11/1/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.615%  52,289 

23,096,000    11/1/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.19125%  1,042,553 

6,054,000  3,231  7/18/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.96%  67,883 

45,766,000    7/27/13  0.6325%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (139,261) 

2,613,000    7/27/41  3.95%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (545,922) 

8,988,000    8/9/13  0.5525%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (6,064) 

41,299,600    8/12/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.255%  126,899 

5,548,000    11/2/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (16,755) 

6,689,400    8/12/41  3.32%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (520,998) 

17,374,000    8/15/41  3.300791%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,280,434) 

803,100    8/16/41  3.36%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (68,841) 

7,504,500    8/17/18  1.84%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (45,150) 

3,071,000    8/18/41  3.37%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (269,031) 

8,690,800    8/24/16  1.23%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (8,586) 

14,585,300    8/24/21  2.271%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (5,767) 

9,365,600    8/24/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.081%  262,358 

65,243,300    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (30,822) 

32,468,000    8/30/21  2.4075%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (401,767) 

13,375,400    8/30/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.2425%  811,966 

73,436,000  (12,975)  5/13/13  0.75%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (460,197) 

32,994,900    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (24,913) 

11,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (138,333) 

 

80



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
  $21,137,500  $—  9/12/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5%  $(16,007) 

  6,694,000    9/12/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.2125%  (44,424) 

  4,860,200    9/12/41  3.065%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (113,359) 

  4,669,000    9/14/16  1.175%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  14,722 

  15,522,020  (496,705)  8/25/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.09%  3,137,767 

EUR  9,060,000    12/23/20  3.325%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (1,116,693) 

KRW  2,959,000,000    8/16/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.42%  (14,626) 

KRW  2,953,000,000    5/9/16  4.115%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (67,896) 

KRW  2,953,000,000    4/22/16  4.135%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (66,693) 

KRW  2,928,000,000    4/29/16  4.14%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (66,649) 

Goldman Sachs International         
  $15,216,500    9/19/20  2.13375%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  31,026 

  20,595,500    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.515%  (11,070) 

  4,367,000    9/19/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.05%  86,074 

  268,000    9/20/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.065%  6,081 

  17,288,200    9/21/13  0.5%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  14,970 

  2,267,000    9/21/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.188%  (21,832) 

  23,958,300    9/22/13  0.478%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  31,544 

  16,988,700    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4525%  (31,048) 

  17,320,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  (13,611) 

  15,227,000    9/26/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.93875%  (501,778) 

  18,113,280  (658,418)  9/29/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.99%  3,155,911 

 

81



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date    fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 


Goldman Sachs International cont.         
$9,022,000  $—  9/28/41  2.69625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $478,988 

23,878,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5125%  (16,782) 

400,000    9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.87%  (7,089) 

3,113,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.15125%  (42,594) 

3,089,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.558%  538 

574,000    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7775%  1,368 

4,420,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.16%  (61,607) 

2,826,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (12,378) 

326,000    7/1/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  4.02625%  73,996 

2,295,000 E    4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  4,406 

5,304,000    10/14/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3745%  29,071 

1,637,000    10/17/13  0.65375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (3,121) 

2,256,000    10/17/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (9,750) 

4,353,000    10/18/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65875%  8,974 

12,183,000    10/18/21  2.40125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (101,152) 

8,060,000    10/21/13  0.632%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (11,524) 

1,405,000    10/21/21  2.36%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (4,987) 

822,000    10/21/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.94125%  (4,027) 

2,378,000    7/21/41  3.935%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (490,807) 

1,118,000    7/21/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.665%  4,183 

150,000    7/25/41  3.9325%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (30,826) 

19,882,000    7/25/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65625%  70,157 

34,831,000    7/25/13  0.65625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (122,907) 

14,512,700 E    3/19/13  1.09375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (76,337) 

 

82



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
$16,704,000  $—  7/25/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.127%  $1,377,200 

58,112,000    7/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.63%  174,479 

10,183,000    7/26/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.93625%  2,099,503 

21,768,000    7/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.61875%  60,107 

3,191,000    7/28/41  3.935%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (656,574) 

2,206,000    8/2/41  3.8725%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (423,238) 

2,648,000    8/2/41  3.81625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (477,564) 

8,661,900    10/25/21  2.39625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (56,632) 

6,468,000    10/26/13  0.64875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (10,996) 

3,074,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3825%  15,926 

6,132,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.005%  47,077 

482,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.415%  3,931 

1,852,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.0375%  26,450 

427,000    10/27/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.435%  4,228 

14,216,800    10/31/41  3.12%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (443,253) 

6,620,300    10/31/41  3.10275%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (183,105) 

1,909,000    8/3/41  3.754%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (319,783) 

7,401,000    8/4/13  0.58875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (10,724) 

3,218,000    8/4/41  3.718%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (514,981) 

1,880,000    8/4/41  3.711%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (298,176) 

2,370,000    8/4/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.6225%  332,939 

5,355,000    8/5/41  3.593%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (719,431) 

1,137,000    8/9/41  3.48375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (126,948) 

886,000    8/9/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.54%  109,119 

 

83



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
  $3,538,000  $—  8/10/41  3.435%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(359,409) 

  2,051,800    8/15/41  3.2475%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (128,844) 

  5,557,100    8/15/41  3.365%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (482,544) 

  2,360,000    8/18/21  2.3425%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (17,700) 

  23,580,000    8/24/16  1.235%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (29,175) 

  12,420,000    8/24/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.2625%  (4,849) 

  970,000    8/24/41  3.075%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (25,978) 

  66,347,000    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.48375%  (63,162) 

  10,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (125,758) 

  11,384,000    9/1/20  2.225%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (82,155) 

  15,343,000    9/1/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4975%  (10,932) 

  3,111,000    9/1/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.195%  157,800 

  2,167,000    9/6/21  2.2575%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  4,324 

  16,205,000    9/13/13  0.52125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  5,428 

  4,041,000    9/13/41  3.023%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (59,284) 

  2,852,000    9/13/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.16625%  (31,206) 

EUR  10,740,000    6/21/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.632%  314,118 

EUR  4,400,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (12,199) 

EUR  9,100,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (25,230) 

EUR  867,000    10/6/21  2.439%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  13,721 

EUR  18,480,000    5/26/13  2.224%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (342,393) 

 

84



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
GBP  2,102,000 E  $—  9/22/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.06%  $18,352 

GBP  1,086,000    9/23/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.1175%  (23,057) 

GBP  1,986,000 E    9/23/31  3.99%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (3,449) 

GBP  686,000    10/6/21  2.525%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  16,632 

GBP  1,908,000 E    8/9/31  4.605%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (120,567) 

GBP  1,908,000 E    8/10/31  4.5175%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (103,755) 

KRW   5,146,000,000    9/19/16  3.395%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  30,759 

KRW   6,938,000,000    7/11/16  4.035%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (136,546) 

KRW   2,830,000,000    4/21/16  4.12%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (62,405) 

KRW   6,175,918,000    8/2/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.845%  78,723 

SEK  5,980,000    9/9/21  2.65%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (2,627) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.         
  $5,322,600    3/9/26  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.07%  927,160 

  31,600,000 E    3/21/13  1.1685%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (189,600) 

  21,700,000 E    3/22/13  1.185%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (133,889) 

  7,101,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.51375%  (4,580) 

  21,463,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (12,265) 

  6,185,000  (207,198)  9/8/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.0275%  1,154,343 

  23,447,200    7/11/13  0.715%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (113,170) 

  8,695,000    7/19/21  3.074%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (679,281) 

  6,466,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (71,495) 

  2,750,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.203%  (24,669) 

 

85



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 


JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
$5,222,000  $—  10/3/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.184%  $(57,709) 

2,591,000    10/4/41  2.75%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  110,321 

13,190,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.58%  7,833 

5,503,000    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.068%  (121,054) 

7,037,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.2395%  (46,824) 

2,826,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (12,378) 

1,471,000    10/14/13  0.677%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (3,515) 

3,246,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  15,528 

10,035,900    10/19/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.387%  62,214 

6,620,300    10/31/41  3.235%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (361,323) 

7,092,900    11/1/21  2.445%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (73,837) 

56,571,000    11/2/13  0.5925%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (29,417) 

1,463,000    8/8/41  3.466%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (158,158) 

877,000    8/8/41  3.4275%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (87,898) 

863,000    8/9/41  3.485%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (96,573) 

13,259,000    8/19/13  0.4475%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  20,329 

3,188,000    8/19/41  3.299%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (232,723) 

48,756,000  (34,815)  8/19/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.19%  (64,469) 

3,974,000    8/23/41  3.088%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (117,367) 

10,857,000    8/23/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.485%  (9,044) 

16,155,000    8/23/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.243%  (33,641) 

2,205,000    8/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4225%  30,317 

26,395,900    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5%  (16,169) 

24,498,000    9/2/13  0.486%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  23,245 

 

86



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
  $1,697,000  $—  9/2/41  3.187%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(83,166) 

  14,394,000    9/2/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.35%  98,830 

  17,125,000    9/14/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.124%  (255,234) 

  435,000    9/14/13  0.535%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  39 

  19,314,000    9/14/21  2.1575%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  228,493 

  2,901,000    9/15/41  2.984%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (18,972) 

  5,075,000    9/19/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.266%  (11,899) 

  4,615,000    9/19/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.231%  (3,517) 

CAD  5,070,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  86,789 

CAD  8,310,000    9/21/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.3911%  (142,252) 

CAD  1,460,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  24,992 

CAD  1,992,000    9/27/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.415%  (30,559) 

CAD  2,286,000    10/7/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.5125%  (16,579) 

CAD  2,399,000    10/14/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.6575%  12,855 

EUR  25,100,000    6/13/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.74%  686,693 

EUR  25,100,000    6/13/13  1.9865%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (615,248) 

GBP  968,000    10/14/21  2.812%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (17,142) 

JPY  244,000,000    2/22/21  1.36375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (126,996) 

JPY  447,200,000    5/25/15  0.674375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (65,935) 

JPY  445,960,000    9/16/15  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.59125%  42,579 

JPY  24,900,000 E    7/28/29  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.67%  8,743 

JPY  33,500,000 E    7/28/39  2.40%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (3,702) 

JPY  280,000,000    9/12/21  1.02375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (6,256) 

 

87



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

UBS, AG           
AUD  5,254,000  $—  9/27/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  4.79%  $(132,334) 

AUD  4,695,000    9/27/16  4.46%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  44,051 

CHF  25,006,000    5/23/13  0.7625%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (361,505) 

Total            $(2,153,345) 

 

E See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding extended effective dates.

TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
baskets  208,670  $—  7/30/12  3 month USD-  A basket (GDX)  $(344,306) 
        LIBOR-BBA  of common stocks   

Barclays Bank PLC           
  $746,590    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  5,245 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,332,446    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (6,917) 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,360,281    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  14,489 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  5,278,498    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (15,654) 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  3,450,704    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  24,240 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,597,106    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  16,212 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  14,441,658    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (42,829) 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  852,349    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  5,321 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

 

88



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$11,809,517  $—  1/12/208  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  $(35,023) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

8,549,908    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  53,371 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

3,540,503    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  17,488 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

414,109    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  1,837 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,180,000    4/7/16  (2.63%)  USA Non Revised  (39,323) 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban (CPI-U) 

4,261,743    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  26,603 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

13,364,007    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (39,633) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

8,399,770    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  41,491 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

10,958,234    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  67,270 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,337,613    1/12/41  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  15,809 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

9,571,833    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  58,759 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

7,785,000    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  47,790 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

20,540,747    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  155,550 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

 

89



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
  $5,016,071  $—  1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $31,837 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  654,142    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  4,595 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,122,109    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  14,907 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  1,538,704    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  10,809 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  3,259,680    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  29,643 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  8,844,129    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  80,428 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  7,608,064    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  23,431 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Ginnie   
          Mae II pools   

Citibank, N.A.           
shares  24,719    9/26/12  3 month USD-  Netflix Inc.  1,195,663 
        LIBOR-BBA     
        minus 0.60%     

  $2,074,616    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  12,950 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  7,237,584    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  48,342 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  1,014,295    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  6,331 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

baskets  666    4/11/12  (3 month USD-  A basket  2,676,764 
        LIBOR-BBA plus  (CGPUTQL1)   
        0.10%)  of common stocks   

baskets  333,605    10/29/12  (3 month USD-  A basket  770,361 
        LIBOR-BBA)  (CGPUTSB8)   
          of common stocks   

 

90



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A. cont.           
units  14,852  $—  4/11/12  3 month USD-  Russell 2000  $(2,474,827) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Total Return Index   
        minus 0.05%     

units  620    4/11/12  3 month USD-  Russell 2000  (103,080) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Total Return Index   
        minus 0.05%     

units  217    4/11/12  3 month USD-  Russell 1000  (36,139) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Total Return Index   
        minus 0.05%     

Credit Suisse International         
  $1,704,697    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  10,641 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  4,859,841    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  32,460 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  3,282,616    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  21,925 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,377,434    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  15,880 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

Deutsche Bank AG           
  7,707,851    1/12/39  (6.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  64,877 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  3,017,335    1/12/34  (5.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  18,974 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

Goldman Sachs International         
  1,240,000    3/1/16  2.47%  USA Non Revised  10,007 
          Consumer Price   
          Index-Urban (CPI-U) 

  930,000    3/3/16  2.45%  USA Non Revised  6,575 
          Consumer Price   
          Index-Urban (CPI-U) 

  2,251,905    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  14,057 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  3,017,335    1/12/34  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  (18,974) 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

 

91



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
EUR  5,855,000  $—  10/18/13  (1.7775%)  Eurostat Eurozone  $(14,664) 
          HICP excluding   
          tobacco   

UBS, AG             
baskets  390,904    10/22/12  (3 month USD-  A basket  2,781,033 
        LIBOR-BBA plus  (UBSEMBSK)   
        0.60%)  of common stocks   

contracts  91,959    5/24/12  3 month USD-  MSCI Daily Total  (702,165) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Return Net USD   
        minus 0.35%  Index   

shares  135,484    2/28/12  (3 month USD-  iShares MSCI  (137,534) 
        LIBOR-BBA minus  Emerging Markets   
        0.25%)  Index   

Total            $4,422,897 

 

CREDIT DEFAULT CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

 

    Upfront      Fixed payments   
    premium    Termi-  received  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /    received  Notional  nation  (paid) by fund  appreciation/ 
Referenced debt*  Rating***  (paid)**  amount  date  per annum  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse International           
Bonos Y Oblig Del             
Estado, 5 1/2%,             
7/30/17    $(3,383)  $380,000  12/20/19  (100 bp)  $51,630 

Deutsche Bank AG             
DJ CDX NA IG Series             
17 Index  BBB+  1,226,844  62,200,000  12/20/16  100 bp  698,558 

Total            $750,188 

 

* Payments related to the referenced debt are made upon a credit default event.

** Upfront premium is based on the difference between the original spread on issue and the market spread on day of execution.

*** Ratings are presented for credit default contracts in which the fund has sold protection on the underlying referenced debt. Ratings for an underlying index represent the average of the ratings of all the securities included in that index. The Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s or Fitch ratings are believed to be the most recent ratings available at October 31, 2011. Securities rated by Putnam are indicated by “/P.” Securities rated by Fitch are indicated by “/F.”

92



ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.

Level 2 — Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:

    Valuation inputs  

Investments in securities:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Common stocks:       

Basic materials  $5,948,204  $—  $— 

Capital goods  8,604,401     

Communication services  6,919,158     

Conglomerates  926,823     

Consumer cyclicals  27,174,027     

Consumer staples  22,926,893     

Energy  22,662,264  344,834   

Financials  26,525,377     

Health care  21,453,225     

Technology  38,600,859     

Transportation  5,453,792     

Utilities and power  7,798,564     

Total common stocks  194,993,587  344,834   
 
Asset-backed securities    19,689,518   

Commodity linked notes    23,265,146   

Corporate bonds and notes    130,234,529   

Foreign government bonds and notes    12,385,868   

Mortgage-backed securities    146,782,968  1,916,590 

Purchased options outstanding    30,804,149   

Senior loans    48,794,298   

U.S. Government and agency mortgage obligations    101,781,502   

Short-term investments  46,344,270  217,872,040   

Totals by level  $241,337,857  $731,954,852  $1,916,590 
 
    Valuation inputs  

Other financial instruments:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Forward currency contracts  $—  $(659,130)  $— 

Futures contracts  1,498,867     

Written options    (63,050,910)   

Interest rate swap contracts    (562,564)   

Total return swap contracts    4,422,897   

Credit default contracts    (473,273)   

Totals by level  $1,498,867  $(60,322,980)  $— 

 

At the start and/or close of the reporting period, Level 3 investments in securities were not considered a significant portion of the fund’s portfolio.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

93



Statement of assets and liabilities 10/31/11

ASSETS   

Investment in securities, at value, (Note 1):   
Unaffiliated issuers (identified cost $923,180,312)  $928,865,029 
Affiliated issuers (identified cost $46,344,270) (Notes 1 and 6)  46,344,270 

Cash  54,476 

Foreign currency (cost $17,196) (Note 1)  17,386 

Dividends, interest and other receivables  4,029,767 

Receivable for shares of the fund sold  4,006,561 

Receivable for investments sold  14,928,438 

Unrealized appreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  46,347,868 

Unrealized appreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  3,960,660 

Premium paid on swap contracts (Note 1)  1,836,791 

Total assets  1,050,391,246 
 
LIABILITIES   

Payable for variation margin (Note 1)  39,834 

Payable for investments purchased  9,377,503 

Payable for purchases of delayed delivery securities (Note 1)  93,960,750 

Payable for shares of the fund repurchased  5,486,153 

Payable for compensation of Manager (Note 2)  343,403 

Payable for investor servicing fees (Note 2)  135,203 

Payable for custodian fees (Note 2)  42,504 

Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  17,936 

Payable for administrative services (Note 2)  3,103 

Payable for distribution fees (Note 2)  276,000 

Written options outstanding, at value (premiums received $52,735,681) (Notes 1 and 3)  63,050,910 

Premium received on swap contracts (Note 1)  1,469,471 

Unrealized depreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  4,619,790 

Unrealized depreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  43,328,128 

Other accrued expenses  97,111 

Total liabilities  222,247,799 
 
Net assets  $828,143,447 

 
REPRESENTED BY   

Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4)  $818,799,899 

Undistributed net investment income (Note 1)  14,086,683 

Accumulated net realized loss on investments and foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (3,989,345) 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies  (753,790) 

Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding  $828,143,447 

 

(Continued on next page)

94



Statement of assets and liabilities (Continued)

COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE   

Net asset value and redemption price per class A share   
($411,424,240 divided by 37,789,286 shares)  $10.89 

Offering price per class A share (100/94.25 of $10.89)*  $11.55 

Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($33,913,808 divided by 3,153,439 shares)**  $10.75 

Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($184,129,336 divided by 17,136,724 shares)**  $10.74 

Net asset value and redemption price per class M share ($7,649,730 divided by 708,630 shares)  $10.80 

Offering price per class M share (100/96.50 of $10.80)*  $11.19 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R share   
($1,432,283 divided by 132,306 shares)  $10.83 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class Y share   
($189,594,050 divided by 17,333,459 shares)  $10.94 

 

* On single retail sales of less than $50,000. On sales of $50,000 or more the offering price is reduced.

** Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

95



Statement of operations Year ended 10/31/11

INVESTMENT INCOME   

Interest (net of foreign tax of $17,201) (including interest income of $50,971 from   
investments in affiliated issuers) (Note 6)  $25,659,919 

Dividends (net of foreign tax of $3,181)  3,525,330 

Total investment income  29,185,249 
 
EXPENSES   

Compensation of Manager (Note 2)  5,667,641 

Investor servicing fees (Note 2)  1,607,364 

Custodian fees (Note 2)  135,501 

Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  52,409 

Administrative services (Note 2)  21,305 

Distribution fees — Class A (Note 2)  947,976 

Distribution fees — Class B (Note 2)  317,140 

Distribution fees — Class C (Note 2)  1,634,881 

Distribution fees — Class M (Note 2)  50,900 

Distribution fees — Class R (Note 2)  6,368 

Other  416,889 

Fees waived and reimbursed by Manager (Note 2)  (945,028) 

Total expenses  9,913,346 
 
Expense reduction (Note 2)  (7,085) 

Net expenses  9,906,261 
 
Net investment income  19,278,988 

 
Net realized gain on investments (Notes 1 and 3)  9,654,446 

Net realized loss on swap contracts (Note 1)  (1,113,711) 

Net realized loss on futures contracts (Note 1)  (11,000,018) 

Net realized loss on foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (6,880,269) 

Net realized gain on written options (Notes 1 and 3)  4,393,219 

Net unrealized depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies during the year  (871,395) 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments, futures contracts, swap contracts and written   
options during the year  (2,941,155) 

Net loss on investments  (8,758,883) 
 
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations  $10,520,105 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

96



Statement of changes in net assets

INCREASE IN NET ASSETS  Year ended 10/31/11  Year ended 10/31/10 

Operations:     
Net investment income  $19,278,988  $11,988,941 

Net realized gain (loss) on investments     
and foreign currency transactions  (4,946,333)  516,146 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments and assets     
and liabilities in foreign currencies  (3,812,550)  (1,374,095) 

Net increase in net assets resulting from operations  10,520,105  11,130,992 

Distributions to shareholders (Note 1):     
From ordinary income     
Net investment income     

Class A  (7,064,890)  (1,493,271) 

Class B  (446,932)  (99,701) 

Class C  (2,229,946)  (450,322) 

Class M  (99,258)  (27,344) 

Class R  (21,612)  (4,668) 

Class Y  (3,651,084)  (952,423) 

Net realized short-term gain on investments     

Class A  (1,368,234)  (540,984) 

Class B  (119,800)  (54,902) 

Class C  (592,366)  (211,344) 

Class M  (24,807)  (11,407) 

Class R  (4,522)  (1,706) 

Class Y  (652,785)  (309,725) 

From net realized long-term gain on investments     
Class A    (471,559) 

Class B    (47,856) 

Class C    (184,223) 

Class M    (9,944) 

Class R    (1,487) 

Class Y    (269,978) 

Redemption fees (Note 1)    3,809 

Increase from capital share transactions (Note 4)  184,645,931  402,883,119 

Total increase in net assets  178,889,800  408,875,076 
 
NET ASSETS     

Beginning of year  649,253,647  240,378,571 

End of year (including undistributed net investment income of     
$14,086,683 and $9,333,510, respectively)  $828,143,447  $649,253,647 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

97



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio  Ratio   
      Net realized      From            of expenses  of net investment   
  Net asset value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized        Total return  Net assets,  to average  income (loss)  Portfolio 
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss)  investment  net investment  gain  Total  Redemption  Net asset value,  at net asset  end of period  net assets  to average  turnover 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  on investments  operations  income  on investments  distributions  fees  end of period  value (%) b  (in thousands)  (%) c,d  net assets (%) d  (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.93  .29  (.05)  .24  (.23)  (.05)  (.28)    $10.89  2.21  $411,424  1.16  2.68  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.78  .30  .04  .34  (.11)  (.08)  (.19)  e  10.93  3.19  325,723  1.47  2.73  240 f 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .21  .57  .78        e  10.78  7.80 *  115,989  1.28 *  1.96*  63 * 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.81  .21  (.05)  .16  (.17)  (.05)  (.22)    $10.75  1.44  $33,914  1.91  1.94  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.71  .21  .05  .26  (.08)  (.08)  (.16)  e  10.81  2.37  27,263  2.22  1.97  240 f 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .16  .55  .71        e  10.71  7.10 *  12,283  1.92 *  1.48*  63 * 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.80  .21  (.05)  .16  (.17)  (.05)  (.22)    $10.74  1.45  $184,129  1.91  1.91  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.72  .21  .04  .25  (.09)  (.08)  (.17)  e  10.80  2.30  136,725  2.22  1.98  240 f 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .17  .55  .72        e  10.72  7.20 *  42,453  1.92 *  1.59 *  63 * 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.84  .24  (.05)  .19  (.18)  (.05)  (.23)    $10.80  1.75  $7,650  1.66  2.18  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.73  .24  .05  .29  (.10)  (.08)  (.18)  e  10.84  2.69  6,270  1.97  2.22  240 f 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .20  .53  .73        e  10.73  7.30 *  2,164  1.71 *  1.83*  63 * 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.88  .26  (.05)  .21  (.21)  (.05)  (.26)    $10.83  1.95  $1,432  1.41  2.41  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.76  .27  .04  .31  (.11)  (.08)  (.19)  e  10.88  2.91  979  1.72  2.47  240 f 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .22  .54  .76        e  10.76  7.60 *  239  1.49 *  2.01 *  63 * 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.97  .32  (.05)  .27  (.25)  (.05)  (.30)    $10.94  2.49  $189,594  .91  2.93  144 f 
October 31, 2010  10.81  .32  .05  .37  (.13)  (.08)  (.21)  e  10.97  3.40  152,292  1.22  2.97  240 f 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .27  .54  .81        e  10.81  8.10 *  67,250  1.06 *  2.45 *  63 * 

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements (Note 2).

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts (Note 2):

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.12% 

October 31, 2010  0.02 

October 31, 2009  0.33 

 

e Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

f Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

98  99 

 



Notes to financial statements 10/31/11

Note 1: Significant accounting policies

Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund (the fund) is a diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust (the Trust), a Massachusetts business trust, which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as an open-end management investment company. The fund seeks to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 500 basis points (or 5.00%), as reflected by the return of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index over a reasonable period of time (generally at least three years or more) regardless of market conditions. The fund pursues a consistent absolute return by combining two independent investment strategies — a beta strategy, which provides broad exposure to investment markets, and an alpha strategy, which seeks returns from active trading. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in securitized debt instruments, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed investments. The yields and values of these investments are sensitive to changes in interest rates, the rate of principal payments on the underlying assets and the market’s perception of the issuers. The market for these investments may be volatile and limited, which may make them difficult to buy or sell.

The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M, class R and class Y shares. Class A and class M shares are sold with a maximum front-end sales charge of 5.75% and 3.50%, respectively, and generally do not pay a contingent deferred sales charge. Class B shares, which convert to class A shares after approximately eight years, do not pay a front-end sales charge and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within six years of purchase. Class C shares have a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge and do not convert to class A shares. Class R shares, which are not available to all investors, are sold at net asset value. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares may differ based on the distribution fee of each class, which is identified in Note 2. Class Y shares, which are sold at net asset value, are generally subject to the same expenses as class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, but do not bear a distribution fee. Class Y shares are not available to all investors.

Prior to August 2, 2010, a 1.00% redemption fee applied to certain shares that were redeemed (either by selling or exchanging into another fund) within 7 days of purchase. The redemption fee was accounted for as an addition to paid-in-capital. Effective August 2, 2010, this redemption fee no longer applies to shares redeemed.

Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. If the fund were liquidated, shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.

In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011.

A) Security valuation Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last reported sales price on their principal exchange, or official closing price for certain markets, and are classified as Level 1 securities. If no sales are reported — as in the case of some securities traded over-the-counter — a security is valued at its last reported bid price and is generally categorized as a Level 2 security.

Market quotations are not considered to be readily available for certain debt obligations and other investments; such investments are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by an independent pricing service approved by the Trustees or dealers selected by Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management), the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC. Such services or dealers determine

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valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional traders, between securities (which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities and ratings). These securities will generally be categorized as Level 2.

Many securities markets and exchanges outside the U.S. close prior to the close of the New York Stock Exchange and therefore the closing prices for securities in such markets or on such exchanges may not fully reflect events that occur after such close but before the close of the New York Stock Exchange. Accordingly, on certain days, the fund will fair value foreign equity securities taking into account multiple factors including movements in the U.S. securities markets, currency valuations and comparisons to the valuation of American Depository Receipts, exchange-traded funds and futures contracts. These securities, which will generally represent a transfer from a Level 1 to a Level 2 security, will be classified as Level 2. The number of days on which fair value prices will be used will depend on market activity and it is possible that fair value prices will be used by the fund to a significant extent. Securities quoted in foreign currencies, if any, are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate.

To the extent a pricing service or dealer is unable to value a security or provides a valuation that Putnam Management does not believe accurately reflects the security’s fair value, the security will be valued at fair value by Putnam Management. Certain investments, including certain restricted and illiquid securities and derivatives, are also valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. These valuations consider such factors as significant market or specific security events such as interest rate or credit quality changes, various relationships with other securities, discount rates, U.S. Treasury, U.S. swap and credit yields, index levels, convexity exposures and recovery rates. These securities are classified as Level 2 or as Level 3 depending on the priority of the significant inputs.

Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. Certain securities may be valued on the basis of a price provided by a single source. The fair value of securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a security in a current sale and does not reflect an actual market price, which may be different by a material amount.

B) Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (the date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis.

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividend income, net of applicable withholding taxes, is recognized on the ex-dividend date except that certain dividends from foreign securities, if any, are recognized as soon as the fund is informed of the ex-dividend date. Non-cash dividends, if any, are recorded at the fair market value of the securities received. Dividends representing a return of capital or capital gains, if any, are reflected as a reduction of cost and/or as a realized gain. All premiums/discounts are amortized/accreted on a yield-to-maturity basis.

Securities purchased or sold on a delayed delivery basis may be settled a month or more after the trade date; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Losses may arise due to changes in the market value of the underlying securities or if the counterparty does not perform under the contract.

The fund earned certain fees in connection with its senior loan purchasing activities. These fees are treated as market discount and are amortized into income in the Statement of operations.

C) Stripped securities The fund may invest in stripped securities which represent a participation in securities that may be structured in classes with rights to receive different portions of the interest and principal. Interest-only securities receive all of the interest and principal-only securities receive all of the principal. If the interest-only securities experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, principal-only securities increase in value if prepayments are greater than anticipated and decline if prepayments are slower than anticipated. The market value of these securities is highly sensitive to changes in interest rates.

D) Foreign currency translation The accounting records of the fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. The market value of foreign securities, currency holdings, and other assets and liabilities is recorded in the books and records of the fund after translation to U.S. dollars based on the exchange rates on that day. The cost of each security is determined using historical exchange rates. Income and withholding taxes are translated at prevailing exchange rates when earned or incurred. The fund does not isolate that portion of realized or unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in the foreign exchange rate on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of the securities. Such gains and losses are included with the net realized and unrealized gain or loss on investments. Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions represent net realized exchange gains or losses on

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closed forward currency contracts, disposition of foreign currencies, currency gains and losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on securities transactions and the difference between the amount of investment income and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies arise from changes in the value of open forward currency contracts and assets and liabilities other than investments at the period end, resulting from changes in the exchange rate. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks, including those related to economic instability, unfavorable political developments, and currency fluctuations, not present with domestic investments. The fund may be subject to taxes imposed by governments of countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on either income or gains earned or repatriated. The fund accrues and applies such taxes to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized gains as income and/or capital gains are earned. In some cases, the fund may be entitled to reclaim all or a portion of such taxes, and such reclaim amounts, if any, are reflected as an asset on the fund’s books. In many cases, however, the fund may not receive such amounts for an extended period of time, depending on the country of investment.

E) Futures contracts The fund uses futures contracts to hedge interest rate risk, to gain exposure to interest rates, to hedge prepayment risk, to equitize cash and to manage exposure to market risk. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. With futures, there is minimal counterparty credit risk to the fund since futures are exchange traded and the exchange’s clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange traded futures, guarantees the futures against default. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. When the contract is closed, the fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed.

Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices established by the exchange on which they trade. The fund and the broker agree to exchange an amount of cash equal to the daily fluctuation in the value of the futures contract. Such receipts or payments are known as “variation margin.” Futures contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. Outstanding number of contracts on futures contracts at the close of the reporting period are indicative of the volume of activity during the reporting period.

F) Options contracts The fund uses options contracts to hedge duration, convexity and prepayment risk, to gain exposure to interest rates, to hedge against changes in values of securities it owns, owned or expects to own, to hedge prepayment risk, to generate additional income for the portfolio, to enhance returns on securities owned and to enhance the return on a security owned. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of options contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. Realized gains and losses on purchased options are included in realized gains and losses on investment securities. If a written call option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as an addition to sales proceeds. If a written put option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as a reduction to the cost of investments.

Exchange traded options are valued at the last sale price or, if no sales are reported, the last bid price for purchased options and the last ask price for written options. Options traded over-the-counter are valued using prices supplied by dealers. Written option contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. See Note 3 for the volume of written options contracts activity for the reporting period. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately 462,500,000 on purchased options contracts for the reporting period.

G) Forward currency contracts The fund buys and sells forward currency contracts, which are agreements between two parties to buy and sell currencies at a set price on a future date. These contracts are used to hedge foreign exchange risk and to gain exposure on currency. The U.S. dollar value of forward currency contracts is determined using current forward currency exchange rates supplied by a quotation service. The market value of the contract will fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. The fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed when the contract matures or by delivery of the currency. The fund could be exposed to risk if the value of the currency changes unfavorably, if the counterparties to the contracts are unable to meet the terms of their contracts or if the fund is unable to enter into a closing position. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Forward currency contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately $259,200,000 on forward currency contracts for the reporting period.

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H) Total return swap contracts The fund entered into total return swap contracts, which are arrangements to exchange a market linked return for a periodic payment, both based on a notional principal amount to hedge sector exposure, to manage exposure to specific sectors or industries, to gain exposure to specific markets/countries and to gain exposure to specific sectors/industries. To the extent that the total return of the security, index or other financial measure underlying the transaction exceeds or falls short of the offsetting interest rate obligation, the fund will receive a payment from or make a payment to the counterparty. Total return swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or losses. Certain total return swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index, the possibility that there is no liquid market for these agreements or that the counterparty may default on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Total return swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. Outstanding notional amount on total return swap contracts at the close of the reporting period are indicative of the volume of activity during the reporting period.

I) Interest rate swap contracts The fund entered into interest rate swap contracts, which are arrangements between two parties to exchange cash flows based on a notional principal amount, to hedge interest rate risk, to gain exposure on interest rates and to hedge prepayment risk. An interest rate swap can be purchased or sold with an upfront premium. An upfront payment received by the fund is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Upfront payments are recorded as realized gains and losses at the closing of the contract. Interest rate swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or losses. Certain interest rate swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or if the counterparty defaults on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Interest rate swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $2,248,500,000 on interest rate swap contracts for the reporting period.

J) Credit default contracts The fund entered into credit default contracts to hedge market risk, to hedge credit risk and to gain exposure on individual names and/or baskets of securities. In a credit default contract, the protection buyer typically makes an up front payment and a periodic stream of payments to a counterparty, the protection seller, in exchange for the right to receive a contingent payment upon the occurrence of a credit event on the reference obligation or all other equally ranked obligations of the reference entity. Credit events are contract specific but may include bankruptcy, failure to pay, restructuring and obligation acceleration. An upfront payment received by the fund, as the protection seller, is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund, as the protection buyer, is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Periodic payments received or paid by the fund are recorded as realized gains or losses. The credit default contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Upon the occurrence of a credit event, the difference between the par value and market value of the reference obligation, net of any proportional amount of the upfront payment, is recorded as a realized gain or loss.

In addition to bearing the risk that the credit event will occur, the fund could be exposed to market risk due to unfavorable changes in interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index or the possibility that the fund may be unable to close out its position at the same time or at the same price as if it had purchased the underlying reference obligations. In certain circumstances, the fund may enter into offsetting credit default contracts which would mitigate its risk of loss. Risks of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk, either as the protection seller or as the protection buyer, is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Where the fund is a seller of protection, the maximum potential amount of future payments the fund may be required to make is equal to the notional amount of the relevant credit default contract. Credit default contracts outstanding, including their respective notional amounts at period end, if any, are

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listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $73,900,000 on credit default swap contracts for the reporting period.

K) Master agreements The fund is a party to ISDA (International Swap and Derivatives Association, Inc.) Master Agreements (Master Agreements) with certain counterparties that govern over-the-counter derivative and foreign exchange contracts entered into from time to time. The Master Agreements may contain provisions regarding, among other things, the parties’ general obligations, representations, agreements, collateral requirements, events of default and early termination. With respect to certain counterparties, in accordance with the terms of the Master Agreements, collateral posted to the fund is held in a segregated account by the fund’s custodian and with respect to those amounts which can be sold or repledged, are presented in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral posted to the fund which cannot be sold or repledged totaled $8,033,658 at the close of the reporting period. Collateral pledged by the fund is segregated by the fund’s custodian and identified in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. Government or related agencies or other securities as agreed to by the fund and the applicable counterparty. Collateral requirements are determined based on the fund’s net position with each counterparty. Termination events applicable to the fund may occur upon a decline in the fund’s net assets below a specified threshold over a certain period of time. Termination events applicable to counterparties may occur upon a decline in the counterparty’s long-term and short-term credit ratings below a specified level. In each case, upon occurrence, the other party may elect to terminate early and cause settlement of all derivative and foreign exchange contracts outstanding, including the payment of any losses and costs resulting from such early termination, as reasonably determined by the terminating party. Any decision by one or more of the fund’s counterparties to elect early termination could impact the fund’s future derivative activity.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund had a net liability position of $39,677,661 on derivative contracts subject to the Master Agreements. Collateral posted by the fund totaled $53,107,507.

L) TBA purchase commitments The fund may enter into TBA (to be announced) commitments to purchase securities for a fixed unit price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. Although the unit price has been established, the principal value has not been finalized. However, it is anticipated that the amount of the commitments will not significantly differ from the principal amount. The fund holds, and maintains until settlement date, cash or high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price, or the fund may enter into offsetting contracts for the forward sale of other securities it owns. Income on the securities will not be earned until settlement date. TBA purchase commitments may be considered securities themselves, and involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in the value of the fund’s other assets. Unsettled TBA purchase commitments are valued at fair value of the underlying securities, according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss.

Although the fund will generally enter into TBA purchase commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio or for delivery pursuant to options contracts it has entered into, the fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if Putnam Management deems it appropriate to do so.

M) Dollar rolls To enhance returns, the fund may enter into dollar rolls (principally using TBAs) in which the fund sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to purchase similar securities on a specified future date. During the period between the sale and subsequent purchase, the fund will not be entitled to receive income and principal payments on the securities sold. The fund will, however, retain the difference between the initial sales price and the forward price for the future purchase. The fund will also be able to earn interest on the cash proceeds that are received from the initial sale on settlement date. The fund may be exposed to market or credit risk if the price of the security changes unfavorably or the counterparty fails to perform under the terms of the agreement.

N) Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). This program allows the fund to borrow from or lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.

O) Line of credit The fund participates, along with other Putnam funds, in a $325 million unsecured committed line of credit and a $185 million unsecured uncommitted line of credit, both provided by State Street Bank and Trust

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Company (State Street). Borrowings may be made for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests and trade settlements. Interest is charged to the fund based on the fund’s borrowing at a rate equal to the Federal Funds rate plus 1.25% for the committed line of credit and the Federal Funds rate plus 1.30% for the uncommitted line of credit. A closing fee equal to 0.02% of the committed line of credit and $50,000 for the uncommitted line of credit has been paid by the participating funds. In addition, a commitment fee of 0.13% per annum on any unutilized portion of the committed line of credit is allocated to the participating funds based on their relative net assets and paid quarterly. During the reporting period, the fund had no borrowings against these arrangements.

P) Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code. The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ASC 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior periods remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

At October 31, 2011, the fund had a capital loss carryover of $400,578 available to the extent allowed by the Code to offset future net capital gain, if any. This capital loss carryover will expire on October 31, 2019.

Under the recently enacted Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, the fund will be permitted to carry forward capital losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 for an unlimited period. However, any losses incurred during those future years will be required to be utilized prior to the losses incurred in pre-enactment tax years. As a result of this ordering rule, pre-enactment capital loss carryforwards may be more likely to expire unused. Additionally, post-enactment capital losses that are carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses rather than being considered all short-term as under previous law.

Q) Distributions to shareholders Distributions to shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. These differences include temporary and/or permanent differences from foreign currency gains and losses, realized and unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts, income on swap contracts, interest only securities and redesignation of taxable income. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. For the reporting period ended, the fund reclassified $1,012,093 to decrease undistributed net investment income and $73,386 to increase paid-in-capital, with a decrease to accumulated net realized loss of $938,707.

The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:

Unrealized appreciation  $37,761,526 
Unrealized depreciation  (33,645,607) 

Net unrealized appreciation  4,115,919 
Undistributed ordinary income  17,518,339 
Capital loss carryforward  (400,578) 
Cost for federal income tax purposes  $971,093,380 

 

R) Expenses of the Trust Expenses directly charged or attributable to any fund will be paid from the assets of that fund. Generally, expenses of the Trust will be allocated among and charged to the assets of each fund on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be based on the relative assets of each fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each fund.

Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions

The fund pays Putnam Management a management fee (base fee) (based on the fund’s average net assets and computed and paid monthly) at annual rates that may vary based on the average of the aggregate net assets of

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most open-end funds, as defined in the fund’s management contract, sponsored by Putnam Management. Such annual rates may vary as follows:

0.880%  of the first $5 billion, 
0.830%  of the next $5 billion, 
0.780%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.730%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.680%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.660%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.650%  of the next $100 billion, 
0.645%  of any excess thereafter. 

 

Commencing with the fund’s thirteenth whole calendar month of operation (January 2010), the applicable base fee was increased or decreased for each month by an amount based on the performance of the fund. The amount of the increase or decrease is calculated monthly based on a performance adjustment rate that is equal to 0.04 multiplied by the difference between the fund’s annualized performance (measured by the fund’s class A shares) and the annualized performance of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 5.00% over the performance period. The maximum annualized performance adjustment rate is +/– 0.20%. The performance period is the thirty-six month period then ended or, if the fund has not then operated for thirty-six whole calendar months, the period from the date the fund commenced operations to the end of the month for which the fee adjustment is being computed. Each month, the performance adjustment rate is multiplied by the fund’s average net assets over the performance period and the result is divided by twelve. The resulting dollar amount is added to, or subtracted from, the base fee for that month. The monthly base fee is determined based on the fund’s average net assets for the month, while the performance adjustment is determined based on the fund’s average net assets over the performance period of up to thirty-six months. This means it is possible that, if the fund underperforms significantly over the performance period, and the fund’s assets have declined significantly over that period, the negative performance adjustment may exceed the base fee. In this event, Putnam Management would make a payment to the fund.

Because the performance adjustment is based on the fund’s performance relative to its applicable benchmark index, and not its absolute performance, the performance adjustment could increase Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares lose value during the performance period provided that the fund outperformed its benchmark index, and could decrease Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares increase in value during the performance period provided that the fund underperformed its benchmark index.

For the reporting period, the base fee represented an effective rate (excluding the impact from any expense waivers in effect) of 0.73% of the fund’s average net assets before an increase of $102,614 (0.01% of the fund’s average net assets) based on performance.

Effective November 1, 2010, Putnam Management has agreed to limit the fund’s total expenses through June 30, 2012, to the extent that the total expenses of the fund (before performance adjustments to the fund’s management fee and excluding brokerage, interest, taxes, investment related expenses, extraordinary expenses, and payments under each fund’s distribution plans) will not exceed an annual rate of 0.90% of the fund’s average net assets. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $945,028 as a result of this limit.

Putnam Management has also contractually agreed, through June 30, 2012, to waive fees or reimburse the fund’s expenses to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were not reduced as a result of this limit.

Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. Putnam Management pays a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.

The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund, as designated from time to time by Putnam Management or PIL. Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable, pays a quarterly sub-advisory fee to PAC for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund’s assets for which PAC is engaged as sub-adviser.

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The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.

Custodial functions for the fund’s assets are provided by State Street. Custody fees are based on the fund’s asset level, the number of its security holdings and transaction volumes.

Putnam Investor Services, Inc., an affiliate of Putnam Management, provides investor servicing agent functions to the fund. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing based on the fund’s retail asset level, the number of shareholder accounts in the fund and the level of defined contribution plan assets in the fund. Investor servicing fees will not exceed an annual rate of 0.375% of the fund’s average net assets. The amounts incurred for investor servicing agent functions during the reporting period are included in Investor servicing fees in the Statement of operations.

The fund has entered into expense offset arrangements with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. and State Street whereby Putnam Investor Services, Inc.’s and State Street’s fees are reduced by credits allowed on cash balances. The fund also reduced expenses through brokerage/service arrangements. For the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $6,338 under the expense offset arrangements and by $747 under the brokerage/service arrangements.

Each independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $647, as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees.

The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the Deferral Plan) which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan.

The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the Pension Plan) covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years and were first elected prior to 2004. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee’s average annual attendance and retainer fees for the three years ended December 31, 2005. The retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee’s lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of assets and liabilities. The Trustees have terminated the Pension Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected after 2003.

The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to its class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and Putnam Retail Management GP, Inc., for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide for payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to 0.35%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 1.00% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at an annual rate of 0.25%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 0.75% and 0.50% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively.

For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $403,810 and $10,899 from the sale of class A and class M shares, respectively, and received $65,481 and $44,420 in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class B and class C shares, respectively.

A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% and 0.65% is assessed on certain redemptions of class A and class M shares, respectively. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received $1,725 and no monies on class A and class M redemptions, respectively.

Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities

During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of investment securities other than short-term investments aggregated $944,677,573 and $825,838,124, respectively. There were no purchases or proceeds from sales of long-term U.S. government securities.

107



Written option transactions during the reporting period are summarized as follows:

    Written  Written  Written  Written 
    swap option  swap option  equity option  equity option 
    contract  premiums  contract  premiums 
    amounts  received  amounts  received 

Written options outstanding at the  USD  227,516,360  $14,724,935    $— 
beginning of the reporting period  CHF         

Options opened  USD  1,020,700,476  39,178,705  16,353,350  9,485,860 
   CHF  24,120,000  23,893     

Options exercised  USD  (145,768,508)  (4,393,361)     
   CHF         

Options expired  USD      (12,439,969)  (3,808,743) 
   CHF         

Options closed  USD      (1,683,418)  (2,451,715) 
   CHF  (24,120,000)  (23,893)     

Written options outstanding at the  USD  1,102,448,328  $49,510,279  2,229,963  $3,225,402 
end of the reporting period   CHF         

 

Note 4: Capital shares

At the close of the reporting period, there was an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions in capital shares were as follows:

   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class A  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  19,519,606  $215,004,136  23,782,655  $257,645,023 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  690,043  7,431,759  203,279  2,191,347 

   20,209,649  222,435,895  23,985,934  259,836,370 

Shares repurchased  (12,231,198)  (134,271,641)  (4,932,352)  (53,502,498) 

Net increase  7,978,451  $88,164,254  19,053,582  $206,333,872 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class B  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  1,097,989  $11,999,588  1,711,509  $18,426,767 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  46,640  499,517  16,074  172,468 

   1,144,629  12,499,105  1,727,583  18,599,235 

Shares repurchased  (512,560)  (5,589,650)  (352,785)  (3,792,124) 

Net increase  632,069  $6,909,455  1,374,798  $14,807,111 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class C  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  8,196,949  $89,620,543  10,244,761  $110,203,936 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  205,067  2,194,212  59,111  633,664 

   8,402,016  91,814,755  10,303,872  110,837,600 

Shares repurchased  (3,919,849)  (42,603,443)  (1,610,361)  (17,307,019) 

Net increase  4,482,167  $49,211,312  8,693,511  $93,530,581 

 

108



   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class M  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  303,817  $3,349,646  446,776  $4,817,868 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  11,298  121,227  4,293  46,062 

   315,115  3,470,873  451,069  4,863,930 

Shares repurchased  (185,041)  (2,011,915)  (74,124)  (799,777) 

Net increase  130,074  $1,458,958  376,945  $4,064,153 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class R  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  73,592  $805,264  81,330  $878,652 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  2,378  25,535  691  7,428 

   75,970  830,799  82,021  886,080 

Shares repurchased  (33,730)  (373,543)  (14,147)  (152,424) 

Net increase  42,240  $457,256  67,874  $733,656 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class Y  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  11,396,701  $125,930,227  11,689,066  $127,134,411 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  284,580  3,073,465  115,412  1,245,298 

   11,681,281  129,003,692  11,804,478  128,379,709 

Shares repurchased  (8,231,820)  (90,558,996)  (4,141,700)  (44,965,963) 

Net increase  3,449,461  $38,444,696  7,662,778  $83,413,746 

 

Note 5: Summary of derivative activity

The following is a summary of the market values of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period:

Market values of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period

  Asset derivatives  Liability derivatives 

Derivatives not         
accounted for as  Statement of    Statement of   
hedging instruments  assets and    assets and   
under ASC 815  liabilities location  Market value  liabilities location  Market value 

Credit contracts  Receivables  $55,013  Payables  $528,286 

Foreign exchange         
contracts  Receivables  3,960,660  Payables  4,619,790 

  Investments,       
  Receivables, Net    Payables, Net   
  assets — Unrealized    assets — Unrealized   
  appreciation/    appreciation/   
Equity contracts  (depreciation)  13,376,592*  (depreciation)  6,555,409* 

  Investments,       
  Receivables, Net    Payables, Net   
  assets — Unrealized    assets — Unrealized   
  appreciation/    appreciation/   
Interest rate contracts  (depreciation)  67,206,555*  (depreciation)  100,915,299* 

Total    $84,598,820    $112,618,784 

 

* Includes cumulative appreciation/depreciation of futures contracts as reported in The fund’s portfolio. Only current day’s variation margin is reported within the Statement of assets and liabilities.

109



The following is a summary of realized and change in unrealized gains or losses of derivative instruments on the Statement of operations for the reporting period (see Note 1):

Amount of realized gain or (loss) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $759,537  $759,537 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      (3,920,416)    (3,920,416) 

Equity contracts  (3,651,597)  (5,857,919)    10,777,978  1,268,462 

Interest rate contracts  (841,360)  (5,142,099)    (12,651,226)  (18,634,685) 

Total  $(4,492,957)  $(11,000,018)  $(3,920,416)  $(1,113,711)  $(20,527,102) 

 

Change in unrealized appreciation or (depreciation) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

 

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $275,912  $275,912 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      (894,951)    (894,951) 

Equity contracts  1,103,097  2,039,608    1,645,575  4,788,280 

Interest rate contracts  (6,013,229)  2,788,982    4,000,061  775,814 

Total  $(4,910,132)  $4,828,590  $(894,951)  $5,921,548  $4,945,055 

 

Note 6: Investment in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund

The fund invested in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund, an open-end management investment company managed by Putnam Management. Investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund are valued at its closing net asset value each business day. Income distributions earned by the fund are recorded as interest income in the Statement of operations and totaled $50,971 for the reporting period. During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds of sales of investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund aggregated $692,548,668 and $702,452,217, respectively. Management fees charged to Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund have been waived by Putnam Management.

Note 7: Senior loan commitments

Senior loans are purchased or sold on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis and may be settled a month or more after the trade date, which from time to time can delay the actual investment of available cash balances; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Senior loans can be acquired through an agent, by assignment from another holder of the loan, or as a participation interest in another holder’s portion of the loan. When the fund invests in a loan or participation, the fund is subject to the risk that an intermediate participant between the fund and the borrower will fail to meet its obligations to the fund, in addition to the risk that the borrower under the loan may default on its obligations.

Note 8: Market and credit risk

In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default.

110



Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Trustees of Putnam Funds Trust and Shareholders of
Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund:

In our opinion, the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including the portfolio, and the related statements of operations and of changes in net assets and the financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund (the “fund”) at October 31, 2011, and the results of its operations, the changes in its net assets and the financial highlights for each of the periods indicated, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements and financial highlights (hereafter referred to as “financial statements”) are the responsibility of the fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits, which included confirmation of investments owned at October 31, 2011 by correspondence with the custodian, brokers, and transfer agent, provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
December 16, 2011

23



The fund’s portfolio 10/31/11

COMMON STOCKS (27.1%)*  Shares  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.1%)     
Omnicon Group, Inc.  21,345  $949,426 

    949,426 
Aerospace and defense (0.8%)     
Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. †  4,125  121,688 

Lockheed Martin Corp.  26,423  2,005,506 

Northrop Grumman Corp.  24,952  1,440,978 

Raytheon Co.  33,116  1,463,396 

Rockwell Collins, Inc.  19,278  1,076,291 

    6,107,859 
Airlines (0.2%)     
Copa Holdings SA Class A (Panama)  8,911  615,483 

Southwest Airlines Co.  89,360  764,028 

    1,379,511 
Banking (0.7%)     
Bank of Hawaii Corp.  12,696  536,152 

JPMorgan Chase & Co.  44,100  1,532,916 

M&T Bank Corp.  14,769  1,124,069 

New York Community Bancorp, Inc.  61,122  813,534 

People’s United Financial, Inc.  65,167  830,879 

    4,837,550 
Beverage (0.4%)     
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.  75,500  2,827,475 

    2,827,475 
Biotechnology (0.4%)     
Biogen Idec, Inc. †  16,608  1,932,507 

Pharmaceutical Product Development, Inc.  26,758  882,746 

    2,815,253 
Broadcasting (0.1%)     
Discovery Communications, Inc. Class A †  14,922  648,510 

    648,510 
Cable television (0.2%)     
IAC/InterActiveCorp. †  27,927  1,140,259 

    1,140,259 
Chemicals (0.5%)     
International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc.  10,677  646,599 

PPG Industries, Inc.  12,412  1,072,521 

Sherwin-Williams Co. (The)  10,182  842,153 

Sigma-Aldrich Corp.  11,881  777,968 

Valspar Corp.  14,952  521,376 

    3,860,617 
Commercial and consumer services (0.9%)     
Ecolab, Inc.  18,990  1,022,422 

Equifax, Inc.  21,951  771,578 

Expedia, Inc.  26,456  694,735 

Gartner, Inc. †  17,815  686,234 

Moody’s Corp.  25,423  902,262 

Priceline.com, Inc. †  2,989  1,517,575 

Verisk Analytics, Inc. Class A †  24,274  853,231 

    6,448,037 

 

24



COMMON STOCKS (27.1%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Communications equipment (0.1%)     
Harris Corp.  27,273  $1,029,556 

    1,029,556 
Computers (1.6%)     
Apple, Inc. †  18,954  7,672,200 

Hewlett-Packard Co.  43,323  1,152,825 

Micros Systems, Inc. †  21,856  1,075,752 

NetApp, Inc. †  10,902  446,546 

Solera Holdings, Inc.  19,233  1,050,699 

    11,398,022 
Conglomerates (0.1%)     
AMETEK, Inc.  23,329  921,962 

    921,962 
Consumer (0.6%)     
Kimberly-Clark Corp.  45,873  3,197,807 

Scotts Miracle-Gro Co. (The) Class A  10,188  494,220 

Tupperware Brands Corp.  9,665  546,459 

    4,238,486 
Containers (0.1%)     
Ball Corp.  19,848  686,145 

    686,145 
Distribution (0.2%)     
W.W. Grainger, Inc.  8,349  1,430,267 

    1,430,267 
Electric utilities (0.8%)     
Alliant Energy Corp.  17,177  700,478 

DPL, Inc.  21,080  639,778 

DTE Energy Co.  19,306  1,006,036 

Entergy Corp.  15,780  1,091,503 

Pinnacle West Capital Corp.  16,166  736,846 

Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc.  40,166  1,353,594 

Westar Energy, Inc.  20,793  566,817 

    6,095,052 
Electronics (0.2%)     
L-3 Communications Holdings, Inc.  14,798  1,003,008 

QLogic Corp. †  25,689  358,875 

    1,361,883 
Energy (oil field) (0.7%)     
Core Laboratories NV (Netherlands)  8,847  957,776 

Deepocean Group (Shell) (acquired 6/9/11,     
cost $415,875) (Norway) ‡  28,625  400,750 

Dresser-Rand Group, Inc. †  17,766  859,874 

FMC Technologies, Inc. †  29,177  1,307,713 

Oceaneering International, Inc.  21,522  900,265 

Oil States International, Inc. †  11,268  784,365 

    5,210,743 
Energy (other) (0.1%)     
Covanta Holding Corp.  35,061  513,994 

    513,994 
Engineering and construction (0.1%)     
KBR, Inc.  26,533  740,536 

    740,536 

 

25



COMMON STOCKS (27.1%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Food (0.5%)     
ConAgra Foods, Inc.  40,600  $1,028,398 

Corn Products International, Inc.  22,943  1,112,736 

Hormel Foods Corp.  57,457  1,693,258 

    3,834,392 
Forest products and packaging (0.1%)     
Sealed Air Corp.  23,827  424,121 

    424,121 
Health-care services (1.1%)     
AmerisourceBergen Corp.  37,131  1,514,945 

Cardinal Health, Inc.  38,601  1,708,866 

Laboratory Corp. of America Holdings †  13,652  1,144,720 

Lincare Holdings, Inc.  24,361  573,702 

McKesson Corp.  24,378  1,988,026 

Warner Chilcott PLC Class A (Ireland) †  42,830  776,080 

    7,706,339 
Insurance (2.1%)     
ACE, Ltd.  29,080  2,098,122 

Allied World Assurance Co. Holdings AG  10,482  609,004 

Arch Capital Group, Ltd. †  27,212  978,816 

Aspen Insurance Holdings, Ltd.  20,364  539,442 

Axis Capital Holdings, Ltd.  22,590  708,197 

Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. Class B †  34,405  2,678,773 

Chubb Corp. (The)  16,229  1,088,154 

Endurance Specialty Holdings, Ltd. (Bermuda)  13,323  495,616 

Everest Re Group, Ltd.  9,939  893,715 

PartnerRe, Ltd.  12,181  757,902 

RenaissanceRe Holdings, Ltd.  11,450  779,974 

Transatlantic Holdings, Inc.  13,816  718,985 

Travelers Cos., Inc. (The)  22,151  1,292,511 

Validus Holdings, Ltd.  23,817  651,633 

W.R. Berkley Corp.  28,261  983,765 

    15,274,609 
Investment banking/Brokerage (0.1%)     
BlackRock, Inc.  2,400  378,696 

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The)  3,500  383,425 

    762,121 
Machinery (0.1%)     
Roper Industries, Inc.  12,938  1,049,272 

    1,049,272 
Media (0.3%)     
McGraw-Hill Cos., Inc. (The)  24,575  1,044,438 

Viacom, Inc. Class B  31,544  1,383,204 

    2,427,642 
Medical technology (0.2%)     
C.R. Bard, Inc.  12,705  1,091,995 

Gen-Probe, Inc. †  11,450  688,145 

    1,780,140 
Metals (0.2%)     
Newmont Mining Corp.  24,798  1,657,250 

    1,657,250 

 

26



COMMON STOCKS (27.1%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Natural gas utilities (0.2%)     
AGL Resources, Inc.  14,610  $612,743 

Spectra Energy Corp.  37,575  1,075,772 

    1,688,515 
Oil and gas (2.4%)     
Chevron Corp.  59,469  6,247,218 

Exxon Mobil Corp.  104,192  8,136,353 

HollyFrontier Corp.  29,888  917,263 

Murphy Oil Corp.  20,808  1,152,139 

Sunoco, Inc.  21,739  809,343 

    17,262,316 
Pharmaceuticals (1.3%)     
Abbott Laboratories  71,670  3,860,863 

Eli Lilly & Co.  72,300  2,686,668 

Forest Laboratories, Inc. †  37,271  1,166,582 

Perrigo Co.  15,054  1,359,075 

    9,073,188 
Publishing (0.1%)     
Washington Post Co. (The) Class B  1,145  389,483 

    389,483 
Real estate (0.8%)     
Annaly Capital Management, Inc. R  73,217  1,233,706 

Digital Realty Trust, Inc. R  16,305  1,016,291 

Federal Realty Investment Trust R  11,189  993,136 

Jones Lang LaSalle, Inc.  8,925  576,734 

Rayonier, Inc. R  23,238  969,722 

Realty Income Corp. R  23,176  774,310 

    5,563,899 
Restaurants (0.7%)     
Brinker International, Inc.  17,737  406,177 

Darden Restaurants, Inc.  14,230  681,332 

Panera Bread Co. Class A †  4,402  588,503 

Starbucks Corp.  40,416  1,711,213 

Yum! Brands, Inc.  25,678  1,375,570 

    4,762,795 
Retail (2.3%)     
Advance Auto Parts, Inc.  9,210  599,295 

Amazon.com, Inc. †  13,287  2,836,907 

AutoZone, Inc. †  3,475  1,124,475 

Big Lots, Inc. †  13,909  524,230 

Dollar Tree, Inc. †  12,471  997,181 

Herbalife, Ltd.  33,319  2,077,773 

Kroger Co. (The)  42,400  982,832 

MSC Industrial Direct Co., Inc.  9,705  660,037 

PETsMART, Inc.  14,495  680,540 

Safeway, Inc.  75,332  1,459,181 

Target Corp.  29,154  1,596,182 

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.  39,600  2,246,112 

Walgreen Co.  25,000  830,000 

    16,614,745 

 

27



COMMON STOCKS (27.1%)* cont.  Shares  Value 

 
Semiconductor (0.5%)     
Analog Devices, Inc.  46,208  $1,689,827 

KLA-Tencor Corp.  12,186  573,839 

Lam Research Corp. †  10,979  471,987 

Novellus Systems, Inc. †  26,983  932,263 

    3,667,916 
Shipping (0.5%)     
J. B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc.  20,422  864,055 

United Parcel Service, Inc. Class B  37,127  2,607,800 

    3,471,855 
Software (1.4%)     
Amdocs, Ltd. (United Kingdom) †  44,043  1,322,171 

BMC Software, Inc. †  31,406  1,091,673 

CA, Inc.  74,702  1,618,045 

Intuit, Inc.  41,742  2,240,293 

Microsoft Corp.  130,489  3,474,922 

    9,747,104 
Technology (0.2%)     
Avago Technologies, Ltd.  49,453  1,670,028 

    1,670,028 
Technology services (1.4%)     
Accenture PLC Class A  53,123  3,201,192 

IBM Corp.  35,574  6,568,028 

    9,769,220 
Telecommunications (0.3%)     
American Tower Corp. Class A †  33,198  1,829,210 

    1,829,210 
Telephone (0.5%)     
Verizon Communications, Inc.  106,366  3,933,415 

    3,933,415 
Textiles (0.1%)     
Cintas Corp.  25,978  776,482 

    776,482 
Tobacco (0.7%)     
Lorillard, Inc.  9,729  1,076,612 

Philip Morris International, Inc.  52,233  3,649,520 

    4,726,132 
Transportation services (0.1%)     
Landstar Systems, Inc.  13,153  587,018 

    587,018 
Total common stocks (cost $182,281,326)    $195,090,350 
 
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (20.2%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-1, Class 2A1, 4.582878s, 2037  $970,316  $510,932 
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class 2A1, 3.158736s, 2036  4,910,091  2,455,045 
FRB Ser. 05-11, Class 5A1, 0.51472s, 2036  1,330,193  691,700 

American Home Mortgage Assets     
FRB Ser. 06-6, Class A1A, 0.43472s, 2046  3,055,757  1,329,254 
FRB Ser. 06-4, Class 1A11, 0.43472s, 2046  827,865  360,121 

American Home Mortgage Investment Trust FRB Ser. 06-2,     
Class 1A2, 0.40472s, 2046 F  2,202,996  781,679 

 

28



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (20.2%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc.     
Ser. 07-2, Class A2, 5.634s, 2049  $475,681  $480,247 
Ser. 06-5, Class A2, 5.317s, 2047  371,882  375,354 
Ser. 06-6, Class A2, 5.309s, 2045  720,228  719,934 
Ser. 07-1, Class XW, IO, 5.297s, 2049  4,438,443  52,103 
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class A2, 2.497s, 2045  1,070,337  1,070,048 

Banc of America Commercial Mortgage, Inc. 144A     
Ser. 02-PB2, Class XC, IO, 0.639502s, 2035  2,868,012  2,366 
Ser. 04-4, Class XC, IO, 0.266973s, 2042  4,240,979  85,613 

Banc of America Funding Corp.     
FRB Ser. 06-A, Class 3A2, 2.813812s, 2036  4,121,901  1,896,074 
FRB Ser. 06-H, Class 6A1, 0.43472s, 2036  1,395,477  641,919 

Barclays Capital, LLC Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-AA2, Class 12A1, 0.45472s, 2047  4,186,613  1,842,110 
FRB Ser. 07-AA1, Class 2A1, 0.42472s, 2037  2,002,569  961,859 

Bear Stearns Adjustable Rate Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 07-1,     
Class 2A1, 5.584593s, 2047  1,591,641  827,653 

Bear Stearns Alt-A Trust FRB Ser. 06-3, Class 35A1,     
5.584678s, 2036  1,234,170  740,502 

Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-IM1, Class A3, 0.52472s, 2036  1,098,792  249,975 
FRB Ser. 06-IM1, Class A1, 0.47472s, 2036  1,166,251  577,294 

Bear Stearns Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-PW16, Class A2, 5.663293s, 2040  204,202  207,753 
Ser. 06-PW13, Class A2, 5.426s, 2041  1,190,054  1,191,482 

Citigroup Mortgage Loan Trust, Inc.     
FRB Ser. 07-AR5, Class 1A1A, 5.238459s, 2037  456,785  213,298 
FRB Ser. 07-AR5, Class 1A2A, 5.04842s, 2037  221,730  122,021 
FRB Ser. 05-10, Class 1A1A, 2.979813s, 2035  1,508,060  724,020 
FRB Ser. 07-AR1, Class A2, 0.40472s, 2037  4,562,207  2,349,536 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates     
FRB Ser. 07-C9, Class A2, 5.811s, 2049  223,535  224,100 
FRB Ser. 04-LB3A, Class B, 5.358886s, 2037 F  1,587,000  1,514,887 
Ser. 05-LP5, Class B, 5.105s, 2043  422,000  387,185 

Countrywide Alternative Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 05-84, Class 4A1, 5.71976s, 2036  4,569,820  2,650,496 
FRB Ser. 06-HY11, Class A1, 0.36472s, 2036  1,654,500  794,160 

Countrywide Home Loans 144A     
Ser. 05-R3, Class AS, IO, 5.5866s, 2035  188,165  26,268 
FRB Ser. 05-R3, Class AF, 0.64472s, 2035 F  184,754  149,667 

Credit Suisse Mortgage Capital Certificates     
FRB Ser. 06-C3, Class A2, 5.817328s, 2038  335,735  335,194 
FRB Ser. 07-C4, Class A2, 5.795425s, 2039  374,775  378,967 
Ser. 07-C2, Class A2, 5.448s, 2049  291,447  292,222 

CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp.     
Ser. 02-CP5, Class E, 5.339s, 2035  525,000  528,917 
Ser. 05-C5, Class AJ, 5.1s, 2038 F  662,000  590,944 
Ser. 04-C1, Class B, 4.855s, 2037  5,750,000  5,800,042 

 

29



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (20.2%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
CS First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp. 144A     
Ser. 03-C3, Class AX, IO, 1.73164s, 2038  $8,839,756  $168,265 
Ser. 04-C4, Class AX, IO, 0.350686s, 2039  2,900,733  65,423 

Deutsche Alt-A Securities, Inc. Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 2007-AR3, Class 2A5, 0.44472s, 2037 F  1,484,071  741,671 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A6, 0.43472s, 2037 F  621,810  292,107 
FRB Ser. 06-AR6, Class A4, 0.41472s, 2037  1,178,727  651,247 
FRB Ser. 06-AR3, Class A5, 0.41472s, 2036  1,965,191  1,193,853 
FRB Ser. 06-AR3, Class A2, 0.36472s, 2036  1,632,999  669,529 

DLJ Commercial Mortgage Corp. Ser. 98-CF2, Class B4,     
6.04s, 2031  733,189  703,861 

Federal National Mortgage Association Grantor Trust     
IFB Ser. 05-74, Class NK, 26.2764s, 2035  94,726  164,543 
IFB Ser. 05-122, Class SE, 22.24348s, 2035  434,991  627,083 
IFB Ser. 11-4, Class CS, 12.41056s, 2040  3,443,411  3,978,173 
IFB Ser. 10-135, Class SP, IO, 6.35528s, 2040  12,198,689  2,247,267 
IFB Ser. 10-35, Class SG, IO, 6.15528s, 2040  6,228,833  1,118,449 
Ser. 10-21, Class IP, IO, 5s, 2039 F  1,840,058  260,831 
Ser. 10-92, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2039 F  2,939,015  391,117 
Ser. 398, Class C5, IO, 5s, 2039  1,435,548  186,621 
Ser. 09-31, Class PI, IO, 5s, 2038  2,252,729  310,651 
Ser. 10-13, Class EI, IO, 5s, 2038  1,347,047  112,883 
Ser. 10-100, Class AI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2025  7,759,297  660,316 
Ser. 03-W10, Class 1, IO, 1.45698s, 2043  440,474  19,821 
Ser. 98-W2, Class X, IO, 0.98064s, 2028  533,748  23,805 
Ser. 98-W5, Class X, IO, 0.93724s, 2028  220,394  9,212 
Ser. 03-W1, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2042  830,686  83 
Ser. 08-36, Class OV, PO, zero %, 2036  56,428  45,307 
FRB Ser. 06-104, Class EK, zero %, 2036  63,339  61,439 

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.     
IFB Ser. 2990, Class LB, 16.323757s, 2034  741,231  989,084 
IFB Ser. 3859, Class SG, IO, 6.45667s, 2039  7,592,172  1,241,700 
IFB Ser. 3727, Class PS, IO, 6.45667s, 2038  4,083,589  544,751 
IFB Ser. 3835, Class SC, IO, 6.40667s, 2038  18,310,115  3,223,130 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class KS, IO, 6.30667s, 2041  10,624,150  1,658,111 
IFB Ser. 3677, Class SA, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  9,522,415  1,143,356 
IFB Ser. 3708, Class SQ, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  11,535,887  1,564,728 
IFB Ser. 3907, Class KS, IO, 6.30667s, 2040  3,414,827  562,763 
IFB Ser. 3708, Class SA, IO, 6.20667s, 2040  14,048,550  1,866,069 
IFB Ser. 3116, Class AS, IO, 5.85667s, 2034  3,483,361  403,373 
IFB Ser. 3763, Class WS, IO, 5.79667s, 2039  8,282,888  1,240,280 
IFB Ser. 3852, Class NT, 5.75667s, 2041  3,254,496  3,344,059 
IFB Ser. 3752, Class PS, IO, 5.75667s, 2040  1,465,493  236,076 
Ser. 3672, Class PI, IO, 5 1/2s, 2039  2,044,841  250,963 
Ser. 3645, Class ID, IO, 5s, 2040  763,682  84,830 
Ser. 3687, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2038  3,428,306  532,587 
Ser. 3680, Class KI, IO, 5s, 2038  11,003,571  1,593,317 
Ser. 3632, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2038  869,422  93,776 
Ser. 3626, Class DI, IO, 5s, 2037  601,629  34,738 
Ser. 3653, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036  7,277,294  424,848 
Ser. 3623, Class CI, IO, 5s, 2036 F  547,388  59,054 

 

30



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (20.2%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.     
Ser. 3747, Class HI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2037  $333,267  $40,359 
Ser. 3738, Class MI, IO, 4s, 2034  32,955,581  3,506,474 
Ser. 3707, Class HI, IO, 4s, 2023  619,825  26,076 
Ser. T-8, Class A9, IO, 0.428148s, 2028  305,073  3,417 
Ser. T-59, Class 1AX, IO, 0.273447s, 2043  677,793  5,083 
Ser. T-48, Class A2, IO, 0.212s, 2033  956,858  6,794 
FRB Ser. T-54, Class 2A, IO, zero %, 2043  394,417  79 

Federal National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 11-67, Class BS, IO, 6.25528s, 2041  6,722,007  1,024,568 
4s, December 1, 2040 Δ  678,947  684,168 

GE Capital Commercial Mortgage Corp. 144A     
Ser. 03-C2, Class D, 5.326s, 2037  392,000  397,472 
Ser. 05-C2, Class XC, IO, 0.122204s, 2043  20,083,069  141,947 

GMAC Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. FRB Ser. 03-C2,     
Class E, 5.469118s, 2040 F  2,310,000  2,393,907 

Government National Mortgage Association     
IFB Ser. 11-37, Class SB, IO, 6.45528s, 2038  1,882,853  303,399 
IFB Ser. 10-167, Class SM, IO, 6.43667s, 2040  9,644,365  1,772,056 
IFB Ser. 11-61, Class CS, IO, 6.43528s, 2035  13,295,721  2,258,704 
IFB Ser. 11-37, Class SD, IO, 6.40528s, 2038  2,422,422  386,413 
IFB Ser. 11-11, Class PS, IO, 6.35528s, 2040  5,438,582  950,827 
IFB Ser. 10-31, Class HS, IO, 6.35528s, 2039  8,917,122  1,504,497 
IFB Ser. 10-58, Class LS, IO, 6.30528s, 2039  7,236,437  1,241,628 
IFB Ser. 10-31, Class PS, IO, 6.30528s, 2038  9,470,694  1,718,741 
IFB Ser. 10-53, Class SA, IO, 6.25528s, 2039  23,061,119  3,855,127 
IFB Ser. 10-62, Class SD, IO, 6.24528s, 2040  3,814,396  649,126 
IFB Ser. 11-40, Class AS, IO, 5.87667s, 2036  6,178,817  887,031 
IFB Ser. 11-35, Class AS, IO, 5.85528s, 2037  2,696,014  343,472 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SN, IO, 5.65667s, 2041  726,000  199,454 
IFB Ser. 11-70, Class SH, IO, 5.64667s, 2041  786,718  216,017 
Ser. 11-116, Class IB, IO, 5s, 2040  8,919,556  992,211 
Ser. 10-150, Class WI, IO, 5s, 2038  16,862,947  2,279,196 
IFB Ser. 11-12, Class IB, IO, 4.56056s, 2040  2,065,243  293,471 
Ser. 10-103, Class DI, IO, 4 1/2s, 2038 F  9,381,589  1,370,252 

Greenwich Capital Commercial Funding Corp. FRB Ser. 05-GG3,     
Class AJ, 4.859s, 2042  505,000  464,701 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II Ser. 06-GG6, Class A2,     
5.506s, 2038  734,826  745,159 

GS Mortgage Securities Corp. II 144A Ser. 03-C1, Class X1,     
IO, 0.839486s, 2040  4,815,849  29,329 

GSMPS Mortgage Loan Trust 144A     
Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AS, IO, 5.97024s, 2035  425,589  65,966 
Ser. 06-RP2, Class 1AS1, IO, 5.71414s, 2036  541,536  77,169 
IFB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AS, IO, 5.298629s, 2034  773,608  115,809 
Ser. 98-2, IO, 0.66556s, 2027  85,911  9 
FRB Ser. 06-RP2, Class 1AF1, 0.64472s, 2036 F  541,536  411,628 
FRB Ser. 04-4, Class 1AF, 0.64472s, 2034 F  773,608  595,755 
FRB Ser. 05-RP1, Class 1AF, 0.59472s, 2035 F  425,589  327,721 
Ser. 98-3, IO, 0.33414s, 2027  102,912  268 
Ser. 99-2, IO, zero %, 2027  148,593  371 
Ser. 98-4, IO, zero %, 2026  112,849  293 

 

31



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (20.2%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Harborview Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-6, Class 3A1A, 2.68355s, 2036  $414,986  $207,493 
FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A1A, 0.43472s, 2036  3,292,715  1,909,774 

IndyMac Indx Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-AR5, Class 1A2, 5.21083s, 2036  122,357  9,789 
FRB Ser. 06-AR3, Class 3A1B, 5.00225s, 2036  431,424  228,655 
FRB Ser. 07-AR5, Class 2A1, 4.82854s, 2037 F  1,073,165  536,582 
FRB Ser. 07-AR7, Class 2A1, 4.677537s, 2037  1,013,431  496,581 
FRB Ser. 06-AR19, Class 1A2, 3.00574s, 2036  2,480,253  1,019,052 
FRB Ser. 06-AR11, Class 3A1, 2.82648s, 2036  2,060,668  868,135 
FRB Ser. 06-AR39, Class A1, 0.42472s, 2037  4,661,900  2,167,784 
FRB Ser. 06-AR35, Class 2A1A, 0.41472s, 2037  784,240  381,167 
FRB Ser. 06-AR21, Class A1, 0.36472s, 2036  4,793,864  1,773,730 

JPMorgan Alternative Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-A2, Class 2A1, 5.430134s, 2037  1,253,865  564,239 
FRB Ser. 07-A2, Class 12A1, 0.44472s, 2037  747,149  283,917 
FRB Ser. 06-A7, Class 1A1, 0.40472s, 2036  916,320  439,833 
FRB Ser. 07-A1, Class 1A3A, 0.39472s, 2037  3,111,091  1,291,103 

JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Corp.     
Ser. 06-LDP7, Class A2, 5.864s, 2045  176,302  176,357 
Ser. 07-LDPX, Class A3S, 5.317s, 2049  545,000  558,918 
FRB Ser. 02-C2, Class E, 5.309275s, 2034  376,000  369,616 
Ser. 03-C1, Class D, 5.192s, 2037  6,183,000  6,174,542 
Ser. 04-CB8, Class B, 4 1/2s, 2039  708,000  666,183 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust     
Ser. 02-C1, Class D, 6.683s, 2034  2,000,000  2,014,688 
Ser. 06-C3, Class A2, 5.532s, 2032  55,891  55,855 
Ser. 05-C7, Class A2, 5.103s, 2030  126,854  126,854 
Ser. 03-C5, Class F, 4.843s, 2037  480,000  441,600 
Ser. 07-C2, Class XW, IO, 0.541841s, 2040  3,013,769  61,496 

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A     
Ser. 02-C2, Class J, 6.235s, 2035  5,886,000  5,874,817 
Ser. 05-C3, Class XCL, IO, 0.300435s, 2040  20,098,602  358,237 

Lehman XS Trust FRB Ser. 07-8H, Class A1, 0.37472s, 2037  1,340,199  576,286 

Luminent Mortgage Trust FRB Ser. 06-7, Class 1A1,     
0.42472s, 2036 F  838,149  435,623 

Merrill Lynch Mortgage Trust Ser. 04-MKB1, Class B,     
5.28s, 2042  1,870,000  1,896,554 

Morgan Stanley Capital I     
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2, 5.590489s, 2049  1,009,563  1,029,957 
FRB Ser. 07-HQ12, Class A2FL, 0.49322s, 2049  464,000  401,871 

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital I Ser. 03-HQ2, Class C,     
5.15s, 2035  524,000  502,878 

Nomura Asset Acceptance Corp.     
FRB Ser. 06-AR4, Class A4A, 0.48472s, 2036 F  1,406,350  534,150 
FRB Ser. 06-AR4, Class A1A, 0.41472s, 2036  2,018,336  746,784 

Nomura Asset Securities Corp. 144A Ser. 98-D6, Class B1,     
6s, 2030  177,000  180,293 

Residential Accredit Loans, Inc.     
Ser. 06-QS13, Class 1A5, 6s, 2036  96,721  56,733 
FRB Ser. 07-QA4, Class A1B, 0.45472s, 2037  469,376  187,751 

 

32



MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES (20.2%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Salomon Brothers Mortgage Securities VII 144A FRB     
Ser. 99-C1, Class J, 7s, 2032  $1,700,000  $1,773,418 

Structured Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loan Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-4, Class 1A1, 0.48472s, 2037 F  702,178  280,733 
FRB Ser. 07-6, Class 2A1, 0.43472s, 2037  838,056  435,789 

Structured Asset Securities Corp.     
IFB Ser. 07-4, Class 1A3, IO, 6.022917s, 2045  1,135,104  158,915 
Ser. 07-4, Class 1A4, IO, 1s, 2045  2,328,249  94,527 

Vericrest Opportunity Loan Transferee 144A Ser. 10-NPL1,     
Class M, 6s, 2039  1,451,723  1,444,464 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust     
FRB Ser. 07-C32, Class A2, 5.737444s, 2049  499,884  510,344 
Ser. 06-C25, Class A2, 5.684s, 2043  148,386  148,386 
Ser. 07-C30, Class A3, 5.246s, 2043  352,000  354,486 

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust 144A Ser. 03-C3,     
Class IOI, IO, 1.055916s, 2035  3,549,163  33,724 

WAMU Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust 144A Ser. 05-C1A,     
Class C, 4.9s, 2036  103,000  103,865 

Washington Mutual Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates FRB     
Ser. 07-HY1, Class A3A, 0.47472s, 2037  2,628,392  1,436,571 

Total mortgage-backed securities (cost $153,824,683)    $145,595,334 
 
CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Advertising and marketing services (0.2%)     
Affinion Group, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
sub. notes 11 1/2s, 2015  $1,000,000  $895,000 

Lamar Media Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 9 3/4s, 2014  200,000  220,000 

    1,115,000 
Aerospace and defense (0.1%)     
Alliant Techsystems, Inc. sr. sub. notes 6 3/4s, 2016  335,000  343,375 

Boeing Capital Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4.7s, 2019  115,000  130,317 

Boeing Co. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3 1/2s, 2015  148,000  159,124 

United Technologies Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes     
4 7/8s, 2015  263,000  294,923 

    927,739 
Automotive (—%)     
Daimler Finance North America, LLC company guaranty 6 1/2s,     
2013 (Germany)  163,000  178,701 

General Motors Financial Co., Inc. 144A sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2018  85,000  85,778 

    264,479 
Banking (1.9%)     
Bank of America Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5 3/4s, 2017  2,085,000  2,075,401 

Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (The) sr. unsec. notes 2.95s, 2015  263,000  272,561 

Barclays Bank PLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.2s, 2014     
(United Kingdom)  359,000  379,059 

BB&T Corp. unsec. sub. notes 5.2s, 2015  196,000  214,417 

Capital One Financial Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 3/4s, 2017  263,000  306,296 

Citigroup, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 6 1/8s, 2018  705,000  781,191 

Citigroup, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/8s, 2017  925,000  1,018,718 

Credit Suisse Guernsey sr. unsec. notes 5 1/2s, 2014  818,000  872,341 

Deutsche Bank AG sr. unsec. notes 6s, 2017 (United Kingdom)  359,000  407,139 

 

33



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Banking cont.     
HSBC Finance Corp. sr. unsec. sub. notes 6.676s, 2021  $435,000  $442,441 

JPMorgan Chase & Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.7s, 2015  1,759,000  1,832,604 

PNC Funding Corp. bank guaranty sr. unsec. note 3 5/8s, 2015  167,000  176,452 

Shinhan Bank 144A sr. unsec. bond 6s, 2012 (South Korea)  150,000  153,753 

UBS AG/Stamford CT sr. unsec. notes Ser. DPNT, 3 7/8s, 2015  250,000  250,670 

US Bancorp sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2.45s, 2015  263,000  272,163 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA sr. notes 6 1/4s, 2035     
(Russia)  500,000  512,500 

VTB Bank OJSC Via VTB Capital SA 144A sr. unsec.     
notes 6 7/8s, 2018 (Russia)  1,500,000  1,569,375 

Wells Fargo & Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 5/8s, 2017  1,334,000  1,536,026 

Westpac Banking Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3s, 2015     
(Australia)  230,000  234,007 

    13,307,114 
Beverage (0.3%)     
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide, Inc. company     
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/8s, 2015  359,000  391,154 

Coca-Cola Co. (The) 144A sr. notes 1.8s, 2016  163,000  162,623 

Constellation Brands, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 7 1/4s, 2016  590,000  645,313 

Diageo Capital PLC company guaranty 5 3/4s, 2017     
(United Kingdom)  196,000  231,253 

PepsiCo, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.1s, 2015  459,000  487,932 

    1,918,275 
Biotechnology (—%)     
Amgen, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 5.85s, 2017  196,000  233,809 

    233,809 
Broadcasting (0.1%)     
DISH DBS Corp. company guaranty 7 1/8s, 2016  255,000  270,938 

DISH DBS Corp. company guaranty 7s, 2013  220,000  232,650 

    503,588 
Building materials (—%)     
Owens Corning company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 9s, 2019  275,000  322,781 

    322,781 
Cable television (0.7%)     
AMC Networks, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. unsec     
notes 7 3/4s, 2021  680,000  737,800 

CCO Holdings, LLC/CCO Holdings Capital Corp. company     
guaranty sr. unsec. notes 7 7/8s, 2018  270,000  287,550 

Comcast Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. bonds 6 1/2s, 2017  655,000  772,528 

CSC Holdings, LLC sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2012  84,000  85,260 

CSC Holdings, LLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 1/2s, 2014  730,000  801,175 

Kabel BW Erste Beteiligungs GmbH/Kabel Baden-Wurttemberg     
GmbH & Co. KG 144A company guaranty sr. notes 7 1/2s, 2019     
(Germany)  560,000  582,400 

Mediacom Broadband, LLC/Mediacom Broadband Corp. sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 8 1/2s, 2015  1,400,000  1,442,000 

Time Warner Cable, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 5.85s, 2017  555,000  631,863 

    5,340,576 

 

34



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Chemicals (0.6%)       
Dow Chemical Co. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.9s, 2015    $325,000  $361,675 

E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 3 1/4s, 2015    263,000  279,758 

Hexion U.S. Finance Corp./Hexion Nova Scotia Finance, ULC       
company guaranty sr. notes FRN 4.78617s, 2014    750,000  639,375 

INEOS Finance PLC 144A company guaranty sr. notes 9s, 2015       
(United Kingdom)    1,170,000  1,196,325 

Kronos International, Inc. sr. notes 6 1/2s, 2013 (Germany)  EUR  800,000  1,100,894 

Momentive Performance Materials, Inc. company       
guaranty sr. notes 12 1/2s, 2014    $165,000  174,900 

Styrolution GmbH 144A sr. notes 7 5/8s, 2016 (Germany)  EUR  155,000  172,164 

      3,925,091 
Coal (0.1%)       
Arch Western Finance, LLC company       
guaranty sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2013    $282,000  284,820 

Peabody Energy Corp. company guaranty 7 3/8s, 2016    555,000  607,725 

      892,545 
Combined utilities (0.1%)       
El Paso Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7s, 2017    465,000  520,800 

El Paso Corp. sr. unsec. notes Ser. GMTN, 7 3/8s, 2012    26,000  27,279 

      548,079 
Commercial and consumer services (0.4%)       
Expedia, Inc. 144A company guaranty sr. notes 8 1/2s, 2016    210,000  229,950 

Lender Processing Services, Inc. company       
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 1/8s, 2016    1,559,000  1,535,615 

Sabre Holdings Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8.35s, 2016    500,000  412,500 

Travelport, LLC company guaranty 9 7/8s, 2014    895,000  626,500 

      2,804,565 
Communications equipment (—%)       
Cisco Systems, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 1/2s, 2016    297,000  344,566 

      344,566 
Computers (0.4%)       
Ceridian Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes       
12 1/4s, 2015 ‡‡    800,000  680,000 

Ceridian Corp. sr. unsec. notes 11 1/4s, 2015    350,000  297,500 

Hewlett-Packard Co. sr. unsec. notes 6 1/8s, 2014    263,000  289,844 

SunGard Data Systems, Inc. company guaranty 10 1/4s, 2015    1,085,000  1,125,688 

Xerox Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/4s, 2015    230,000  243,698 

      2,636,730 
Conglomerates (0.3%)       
General Electric Co. sr. unsec. notes 5 1/4s, 2017    2,051,000  2,336,733 

SPX Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7 5/8s, 2014    125,000  135,000 

      2,471,733 
Consumer (0.2%)       
Jarden Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 8s, 2016    135,000  146,981 

Jarden Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. sub. notes       
7 1/2s, 2017    435,000  465,450 

Yankee Candle Co. company guaranty sr. notes Ser. B,       
8 1/2s, 2015    455,000  464,100 

      1,076,531 

 

35



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Consumer finance (0.1%)       
American Express Credit Corp. sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 5 1/8s, 2014    $588,000  $639,030 

SLM Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. MTN, 8.45s, 2018    230,000  243,800 

      882,830 
Consumer goods (0.2%)       
ACCO Brands Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 10 5/8s, 2015    500,000  551,250 

Procter & Gamble Co. (The) sr. unsec. notes 3 1/2s, 2015    263,000  282,062 

Revlon Consumer Products Corp. company       
guaranty notes 9 3/4s, 2015    300,000  321,750 

      1,155,062 
Consumer services (0.3%)       
Corrections Corporation of America company       
guaranty sr. notes 7 3/4s, 2017    320,000  346,400 

Hertz Holdings Netherlands BV 144A sr. bonds 8 1/2s,       
2015 (Netherlands)  EUR  750,000  1,054,961 

Service Corporation International sr. notes 7s, 2017    $185,000  198,875 

Service Corporation International sr. unsec. 7 3/8s, 2014    195,000  212,063 

      1,812,299 
Containers (—%)       
Reynolds Group DL Escrew, Inc./Reynolds Group Escrew. LLC       
144A company guaranty sr. notes 8 3/4s, 2016    200,000  210,250 

      210,250 
Electric utilities (0.7%)       
AES Corp. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 9 3/4s, 2016    150,000  170,250 

AES Corp. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8s, 2017    1,000,000  1,097,500 

Appalachian Power Co. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7s, 2038    111,000  144,703 

Carolina Power & Light Co. 1st mtge. bonds 5.3s, 2019    160,000  188,481 

Consolidated Edison Co. of New York sr. unsec.       
notes 7 1/8s, 2018    93,000  118,147 

Dominion Resources, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. 07-A,       
6s, 2017    510,000  600,264 

Duke Energy Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6.3s, 2014    510,000  564,211 

Exelon Corp. sr. unsec. notes 4.9s, 2015    488,000  531,601 

FirstEnergy Corp. notes Ser. B, 6.45s, 2011    7,000  7,011 

FirstEnergy Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. C,       
7 3/8s, 2031    130,000  163,401 

FPL Group Capital, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 7 7/8s, 2015    163,000  194,876 

National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corp.       
sr. bonds 10 3/8s, 2018    134,000  192,006 

NV Energy, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 3/4s, 2017    170,000  173,830 

Pacific Gas & Electric Co. sr. notes 8 1/4s, 2018    185,000  245,043 

Pacific Gas & Electric Co. sr. unsec. bonds 4.8s, 2014    130,000  140,619 

Southern Power Co. sr. unsec. notes Ser. D, 4 7/8s, 2015    196,000  214,819 

Texas-New Mexico Power Co. 144A 1st mtge. sec. 9 1/2s, 2019    125,000  162,223 

      4,908,985 
Electronics (0.1%)       
NXP BV/NXP Funding, LLC company guaranty Ser. EXCH, 9 1/2s,       
2015 (Netherlands)    545,000  569,525 

      569,525 

 

36



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Energy (oil field) (0.1%)       
Offshore Group Investments, Ltd. company       
guaranty sr. notes 11 1/2s, 2015 (Cayman Islands)    $750,000  $817,500 

      817,500 
Entertainment (0.1%)       
AMC Entertainment, Inc. sr. sub. notes 8s, 2014    350,000  346,500 

      346,500 
Financial (0.3%)       
Icahn Enterprises LP/Icahn Enterprises Finance Corp.       
company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 7 3/4s, 2016    700,000  717,500 

Leucadia National Corp. sr. unsec. notes 8 1/8s, 2015    324,000  349,920 

Leucadia National Corp. sr. unsec. notes 7 1/8s, 2017    266,000  275,975 

Vnesheconombank Via VEB Finance PLC 144A bank guaranteed       
bonds 6.8s, 2025 (Russia)    700,000  731,500 

      2,074,895 
Food (0.3%)       
Dole Food Co. 144A sr. notes 8s, 2016    200,000  211,000 

Kraft Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/8s, 2016    622,000  676,755 

Reddy Ice Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 11 1/4s, 2015    300,000  280,500 

Smithfield Foods, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 10s, 2014    530,000  616,125 

Tyson Foods, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 10 1/2s, 2014    505,000  585,800 

      2,370,180 
Forest products and packaging (0.4%)       
PE Paper Escrow GmbH sr. notes Ser. REGS, 11 3/4s,       
2014 (Austria)  EUR  165,000  243,737 

Smurfit Kappa Funding PLC sr. unsec. sub. notes 7 3/4s,       
2015 (Ireland)    $1,410,000  1,410,000 

Verso Paper Holdings, LLC/Verso Paper, Inc. company       
guaranty sr. notes FRN Ser. B, 4.00395s, 2014    500,000  370,000 

Verso Paper Holdings, LLC/Verso Paper, Inc.       
sr. notes 11 1/2s, 2014    885,000  929,250 

      2,952,987 
Gaming and lottery (0.1%)       
Caesars Entertainment Operating Co., Inc.       
sr. notes 11 1/4s, 2017    695,000  743,650 

Yonkers Racing Corp. 144A sr. notes 11 3/8s, 2016    162,000  166,455 

      910,105 
Health-care services (0.3%)       
CIGNA Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 4 1/2s, 2021    175,000  180,735 

Fresenius US Finance II, Inc. 144A sr. unsec. notes 9s, 2015    525,000  593,250 

HCA, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 8 1/2s, 2019    50,000  55,000 

HCA, Inc. sr. notes 6 1/2s, 2020    665,000  694,925 

Tenet Healthcare Corp. sr. notes 9s, 2015    455,000  483,438 

Tenet Healthcare Corp. sr. notes 8 7/8s, 2019    80,000  90,400 

UnitedHealth Group, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 6s, 2018    196,000  230,970 

WellPoint, Inc. unsec. unsub. notes 5 1/4s, 2016    93,000  104,556 

      2,433,274 
Household furniture and appliances (0.1%)       
Sealy Mattress Co. 144A company guaranty sr. sec.       
notes 10 7/8s, 2016    931,000  1,021,773 

      1,021,773 

 

37



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Insurance (0.4%)       
Allstate Corp. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5s, 2014    $196,000  $215,378 

American International Group, Inc. sr. unsec.       
notes Ser. MTN, 5.45s, 2017    325,000  323,305 

Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.2s, 2015    717,000  758,601 

Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (The) jr. unsec.       
sub. debs. FRB 8 1/8s, 2038    645,000  657,900 

MetLife, Inc. sr. unsec. 6 3/4s, 2016    263,000  306,107 

Prudential Financial, Inc. sr. disc. unsec.       
unsub. notes Ser. MTN, 4 3/4s, 2015    325,000  347,970 

      2,609,261 
Investment banking/Brokerage (0.5%)       
E*Trade Financial Corp. sr. notes 6 3/4s, 2016    480,000  486,000 

E*Trade Financial Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 12 1/2s, 2017    210,000  242,025 

Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. notes 6 1/4s, 2017    1,597,000  1,726,855 

Morgan Stanley sr. unsec. unsub. notes Ser. MTN, 6s, 2015    1,367,000  1,440,714 

      3,895,594 
Lodging/Tourism (0.1%)       
FelCor Lodging LP company guaranty sr. notes 10s, 2014 R    657,000  711,203 

MGM Resorts International sr. notes 10 3/8s, 2014    190,000  211,850 

      923,053 
Machinery (0.3%)       
Altra Holdings, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 8 1/8s, 2016    1,483,000  1,546,028 

Caterpillar Financial Services Corp. sr. unsec.       
notes 6 1/8s, 2014    359,000  399,901 

Deere & Co. sr. unsec. notes 6.95s, 2014    148,000  169,502 

      2,115,431 
Manufacturing (—%)       
General Cable Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes FRN 2.74711s, 2015    125,000  121,250 

      121,250 
Media (0.2%)       
Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (The) sr. unsec.       
notes 6 1/4s, 2014    234,000  248,040 

News America, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes       
5.3s, 2014    263,000  288,782 

Nielsen Finance, LLC/Nielsen Finance Co. sr. notes       
11 5/8s, 2014    114,000  131,100 

Time Warner, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes       
5 7/8s, 2016    426,000  493,380 

      1,161,302 
Metals (0.5%)       
Alcoa, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.55s, 2017    196,000  206,815 

ArcelorMittal sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/8s, 2018 (France)    85,000  87,305 

BHP Billiton Finance USA Ltd company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 5 1/2s, 2014 (Australia)    196,000  217,420 

FMG Resources August 2006 Pty, Ltd. 144A sr. notes 7s, 2015       
(Australia)    750,000  752,813 

Rio Tinto Finance USA, Ltd. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 9s, 2019 (Australia)    265,000  361,925 

SGL Carbon SE company guaranty sr. sub. notes FRN       
Ser. EMTN, 2.785s, 2015 (Germany)  EUR  150,000  199,730 

 

38



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Metals cont.       
Steel Dynamics, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 6 3/4s, 2015    $500,000  $508,750 

Steel Dynamics, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 3/4s, 2016    220,000  231,550 

Tube City IMS Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
sub. notes 9 3/4s, 2015    750,000  746,250 

Vale Overseas, Ltd. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 6 1/4s, 2017    230,000  257,888 

      3,570,446 
Natural gas utilities (0.1%)       
Enterprise Products Operating, LLC company       
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. bonds Ser. L, 6.3s, 2017    230,000  269,866 

Kinder Morgan Energy Partners LP notes 6s, 2017    263,000  299,778 

TransCanada Pipelines, Ltd. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/2s,       
2018 (Canada)    230,000  275,550 

      845,194 
Oil and gas (1.2%)       
Anadarko Petroleum Corp. sr. notes 5.95s, 2016    170,000  196,177 

BP Capital Markets PLC company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 3 7/8s, 2015 (United Kingdom)    148,000  158,445 

BP Capital Markets PLC company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 4 1/2s, 2020 (United Kingdom)    115,000  126,275 

Chesapeake Energy Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 9 1/2s, 2015    500,000  572,500 

Comstock Resources, Inc. company       
guaranty sr. unsub. notes 8 3/8s, 2017    685,000  695,275 

ConocoPhillips company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 4.6s, 2015    521,000  573,674 

EnCana Holdings Finance Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 5.8s, 2014 (Canada)    230,000  252,242 

Forest Oil Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec. notes 8 1/2s, 2014    1,035,000  1,117,800 

Gazprom Via OAO White Nights Finance BV notes 10 1/2s, 2014       
(Netherlands)    1,000,000  1,148,800 

Newfield Exploration Co. sr. unsec. sub. notes 7 1/8s, 2018    175,000  185,500 

Newfield Exploration Co. sr. unsec. sub. notes 6 5/8s, 2014    195,000  196,950 

Petroleos de Venezuela SA sr. unsec. notes 4.9s, 2014       
(Venezuela)    2,805,000  2,131,800 

Quicksilver Resources, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 8 1/4s, 2015    500,000  522,500 

Quicksilver Resources, Inc. sr. notes 11 3/4s, 2016    280,000  316,400 

Shell International Finance BV company guaranty sr. unsec.       
notes 3.1s, 2015 (Netherlands)    459,000  488,598 

XTO Energy, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/4s, 2017    196,000  239,674 

      8,922,610 
Pharmaceuticals (0.4%)       
Abbott Laboratories sr. unsec. notes 5 7/8s, 2016    297,000  349,458 

AstraZeneca PLC sr. unsub. notes 5.9s, 2017 (United Kingdom)    196,000  237,747 

ConvaTec Healthcare E SA 144A sr. notes 7 3/8s, 2017       
(Luxembourg)  EUR  445,000  626,590 

GlaxoSmith Kline Capital, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.       
unsub. notes 4 3/8s, 2014    $263,000  286,482 

Merck & Co., Inc. sr. unsec. notes 4s, 2015    297,000  325,330 

 

39



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Pharmaceuticals cont.     
Novartis Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 2.9s, 2015  $263,000  $279,282 

Pfizer, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 5.35s, 2015  622,000  706,030 

    2,810,919 
Power producers (0.4%)     
Calpine Corp. 144A sr. notes 7 1/4s, 2017  350,000  364,000 

Edison Mission Energy sr. unsec. notes 7 1/2s, 2013  1,000,000  960,000 

GenOn Energy, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 5/8s, 2014  1,500,000  1,530,000 

    2,854,000 
Railroads (0.1%)     
RailAmerica, Inc. company guaranty sr. notes 9 1/4s, 2017  631,000  686,213 

    686,213 
Real estate (0.1%)     
CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
sub. notes 11 5/8s, 2017  685,000  792,888 

Simon Property Group LP sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.65s, 2020 R  230,000  258,912 

    1,051,800 
Regional Bells (0.2%)     
AT&T, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 2 1/2s, 2015  1,501,000  1,544,244 

Qwest Communications International, Inc. company     
guaranty Ser. B, 7 1/2s, 2014  250,000  252,500 

    1,796,744 
Restaurants (0.2%)     
Landry’s Restaurants, Inc. company     
guaranty sr. notes 11 5/8s, 2015  900,000  954,000 

Wendy’s Co. (The) company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 10s, 2016  300,000  327,000 

    1,281,000 
Retail (0.5%)     
CVS Corp. sr. unsec. 5 3/4s, 2017  230,000  268,557 

Home Depot, Inc. (The) sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5.4s, 2016  163,000  186,007 

Kroger Co. company guaranty 6.4s, 2017  163,000  193,261 

QVC, Inc. 144A sr. notes 7 1/8s, 2017  570,000  607,050 

Target Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5 3/8s, 2017  263,000  309,568 

Toys R Us, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 7 7/8s, 2013  1,000,000  1,017,500 

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3.2s, 2014  622,000  660,541 

    3,242,484 
Shipping (—%)     
United Parcel Service, Inc. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 3 7/8s, 2014  196,000  210,057 

    210,057 
Software (0.1%)     
Oracle Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5 1/4s, 2016  359,000  417,411 

    417,411 
Technology services (0.1%)     
IBM Corp. sr. unsec. notes 5.7s, 2017  392,000  475,249 

    475,249 
Telecommunications (1.1%)     
America Movil SAB de CV company guaranty unsec.     
unsub. notes 5 1/2s, 2014 (Mexico)  196,000  213,052 

Cellco Partnership/Verizon Wireless Capital, LLC sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 5.55s, 2014  263,000  288,766 

Clearwire Communications, LLC/Clearwire Finance, Inc. 144A     
company guaranty sr. notes 12s, 2015  705,000  602,775 

 

40



CORPORATE BONDS AND NOTES (15.5%)* cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Telecommunications cont.     
Clearwire Communications, LLC/Clearwire Finance, Inc. 144A     
company guaranty sr. notes 12s, 2015  $250,000  $213,750 

Deutsche Telekom International Finance BV company     
guaranty sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 3/4s, 2016 (Germany)  263,000  293,557 

Inmarsat Finance PLC 144A company     
guaranty sr. notes 7 3/8s, 2017 (United Kingdom)  130,000  139,100 

Level 3 Financing, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 9 1/4s, 2014  500,000  510,625 

Level 3 Financing, Inc. 144A company guaranty FRN     
4.20183s, 2015  1,100,000  1,009,250 

Nextel Communications, Inc. sr. notes Ser. E, 6 7/8s, 2013  805,000  796,950 

NII Capital Corp. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 10s, 2016  740,000  832,500 

PAETEC Holding Corp. company guaranty sr. notes 8 7/8s, 2017  725,000  783,000 

Qwest Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 8 3/8s, 2016  173,000  197,653 

Qwest Corp. sr. unsec. unsub. notes 6 1/2s, 2017  290,000  312,475 

SBA Telecommunications, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 8s, 2016  195,000  209,625 

Sprint Nextel Corp. sr. unsec. notes 6s, 2016  120,000  104,400 

Telecom Italia Capital SA company guaranty 5 1/4s,     
2015 (Italy)  297,000  289,219 

Telefonica Emisones SAU company guaranty 6.421s,     
2016 (Spain)  140,000  152,359 

Telefonica Emisones SAU company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 4.949s, 2015 (Spain)  185,000  190,158 

Vodafone Group PLC sr. unsec. unsub. notes 5 5/8s, 2017     
(United Kingdom)  297,000  348,907 

Wind Acquisition Finance SA 144A company     
guaranty sr. notes 7 1/4s, 2018 (Netherlands)  700,000  675,500 

    8,163,621 
Telephone (0.3%)     
Cricket Communications, Inc. company     
guaranty sr. unsub. notes 7 3/4s, 2016  963,000  999,113 

Verizon Communications, Inc. sr. unsec. notes 5.55s, 2016  846,000  977,707 

    1,976,820 
Tobacco (0.1%)     
Altria Group, Inc. company guaranty sr. unsec.     
notes 4 1/8s, 2015  387,000  420,966 

Philip Morris International, Inc. sr. unsec.     
unsub. notes 5.65s, 2018  196,000  232,690 

    653,656 
Trucks and parts (0.1%)     
Pittsburgh Glass Works, LLC 144A sr. notes 8 1/2s, 2016  405,000  405,000 

    405,000 
 
Total corporate bonds and notes (cost $110,342,698)    $111,288,481 

 

41



U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCY     
MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (14.4%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Federal National Mortgage Association Pass-Through Certificates     
4 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  $33,000,000  $34,897,500 
4s, TBA, November 1, 2041  16,000,000  16,633,750 
3 1/2s, TBA, November 1, 2041  51,000,000  51,856,639 

Total U.S. government agency mortgage obligations (cost $103,515,469)  $103,387,889 
 
SENIOR LOANS (5.6%)* c  Principal amount  Value 

 
Ardent Health Services bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 6 1/2s, 2015  $742,462  $724,829 

Ardent Medical Services, Inc. bank term loan FRN 6 1/2s, 2015  275,000  268,469 

Brickman Group Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
7 1/4s, 2016  1,191,000  1,185,045 

Burger King Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
4 1/2s, 2016  918,063  912,707 

Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corp. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B, 6 1/4s, 2017  1,234,375  1,205,280 

Caesars Entertainment Operating Co., Inc. bank term loan     
FRN Ser. B1, 3.253s, 2015  1,000,000  882,143 

Capsugel Holdings US, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5 1/4s, 2018  1,000,000  1,001,250 

CCM Merger, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2017  962,480  954,058 

Cenveo Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 6 1/4s, 2016  794,000  782,090 

Claire’s Stores, Inc. bank term loan FRN 2.991s, 2014  1,436,297  1,267,173 

Clear Channel Communications, Inc. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B, 3.889s, 2016  1,150,000  905,446 

CNO Financial Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN 6 1/4s, 2016  301,642  302,396 

CommScope, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018  353,225  350,576 

Dean Foods Co. bank term loan FRN Ser. A1, 3.24s, 2014  389,610  380,065 

Del Monte Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 1/2s, 2018  478,800  466,830 

Delta Air LInes, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2017  831,915  806,958 

Federal Mogul Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 2.176s, 2014  398,230  375,664 

Federal Mogul Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. C, 2.169s, 2015  203,179  191,665 

First Data Corp. bank term loan FRN 4.235s, 2018  1,000,000  861,500 

Frac Tech International, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
6 1/4s, 2016  497,743  493,299 

Gateway Casinos & Entertainment, Inc. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B1, 5 1/4s, 2016  1,795,500  1,711,287 

Goodman Global, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5 3/4s, 2016  173,708  173,149 

Goodman Global, Inc. bank term loan FRN 9s, 2017  560,000  561,050 

Gymboree Corp. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2018  496,250  464,821 

Husky Injection Molding Systems, Ltd. bank term loan FRN     
Ser. B, 6 1/2s, 2018 (Canada)  498,750  496,880 

IASIS Healthcare, LLC bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5s, 2018  567,150  553,680 

Intelsat Jackson Holdings, Ltd. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5 1/4s, 2018 (Bermuda)  995,000  987,538 

Interactive Data Corp. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2018  711,425  703,866 

iStar Financial, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. A2, 7s, 2014  1,000,000  968,958 

J. Crew Group, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2018  995,000  932,066 

 

42



SENIOR LOANS (5.6%)* c cont.  Principal amount  Value 

 
Jo-Ann Stores, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2018  $598,500  $574,560 

Kinetic Concepts, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2018  1,200,000  1,202,437 

MetroPCS Wireless, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B3, 4s, 2018  496,254  487,156 

Multiplan, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4 3/4s, 2017  957,621  923,306 

Neiman Marcus Group, Inc. (The) bank term loan FRN     
4 3/4s, 2018  1,280,000  1,241,371 

Norit NV bank term loan FRN 6 3/4s, 2017 (Netherlands)  500,000  483,750 

Nortek, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/4s, 2017  680,000  665,833 

Novelis, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 3 3/4s, 2017  282,863  280,830 

Nuveen Investments, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
3.319s, 2014  502,664  484,652 

Nuveen Investments, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5.819s,     
2017  587,336  562,961 

Quintiles Transnational Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5s, 2018  997,500  983,784 

Radio One, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7 1/2s, 2016  497,500  462,675 

Realogy Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 4.522s, 2016  349,587  305,014 

Revlon Consumer Products bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
4 3/4s, 2017  1,496,250  1,483,158 

Reynolds Group Holdings, Inc, bank term loan FRN Ser. C,     
6 1/2s, 2018  375,000  373,125 

Reynolds Group Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN Ser. E,     
6 1/2s, 2018  497,500  495,945 

Rite Aid Corp. bank term loan FRN 4 1/2s, 2018  971,916  918,461 

Six Flags Theme Parks bank term loan FRN Ser. B,     
5 1/4s, 2016  1,000,000  999,375 

Spectrum Brands, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5s, 2016  772,407  769,510 

SRAM Corp. bank term loan FRN 4.78s, 2018  181,216  179,403 

SRAM Corp. bank term loan FRN 8 1/2s, 2018  595,000  595,000 

Styron Corp. bank term loan FRN 6s, 2017  496,250  453,138 

Swift Transportation Co., LLC bank term loan FRN 6s, 2016  873,261  872,442 

Syniverse Holdings, Inc. bank term loan FRN 5 1/4s, 2017  661,998  661,998 

Terex Corp. bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 5 1/2s, 2017  670,000  669,581 

Texas Competitive Electric Holdings Co., LLC bank term loan     
FRN 4.758s, 2017  1,093,159  742,801 

Tronox Worldwide bank term loan FRN Ser. B, 7s, 2015  496,250  493,769 

Total senior loans (cost $41,327,495)    $40,236,773 
   

 

PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)*  strike price  amount  Value 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Call)  Dec-11/132  $498,047  $906,157 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Oct-12/100  152,100  802,580 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Apr-12/105  144,900  489,762 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Mar-12/102  273,284  634,019 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Feb-12/97  267,554  342,897 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Jan-12/112  252,829  599,205 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Dec-11/108  279,450  297,463 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  Nov-11/114  273,532  157,713 

 

43



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.37% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  $15,702,947  $1,314,651 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.37% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Aug-12/3.37  15,702,947  195,502 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  13,085,789  1,241,318 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.36% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  13,085,789  1,086,775 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.36% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.36  13,085,789  163,703 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.52% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  Jul-12/3.52  13,085,789  130,334 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.51% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  5,234,316  492,549 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.51% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.51  5,234,316  51,977 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.5375%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  13,085,789  1,260,816 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.5375% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.5375  13,085,789  123,661 

 

44



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.1825%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1825  $3,952,000  $74,140 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.54%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  6,141,805  593,421 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 3.54% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.54  6,141,805  57,242 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.49%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  13,013,186  1,207,624 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 3.49% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/3.49  13,013,186  128,961 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Citibank, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.1075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  19,161,000  307,917 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit       
Suisse International for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.1075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.1075  19,161,000  307,917 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.11875% versus the three month       
USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  Jul-12/2.11875  19,161,000  314,049 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/2.35  3,952,000  89,552 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.998%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  19,041,000  198,217 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.998% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.998  19,041,000  198,217 

 

45



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  $19,041,000  $167,561 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  19,041,000  167,561 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  19,041,000  167,561 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  19,041,000  167,561 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Citibank, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  19,041,000  167,561 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit       
Suisse International for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.9275  19,041,000  167,561 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.765% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/1.765  9,456,000  53,805 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.015% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  Apr-12/2.015  3,782,000  39,976 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.075% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  21,755,000  1,015,523 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2022.  Mar-12/2.075  21,755,000  253,663 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 0.52% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  29,803,000  105,503 

 

46



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.52% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2014.  Mar-12/0.52  $29,803,000  $38,446 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.86%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2017.  Mar-12/1.86  18,995,051  435,936 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 1.86% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing March 2017.  Mar-12/1.86  18,995,051  85,478 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.0525%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  21,755,000  966,575 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.0525%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2022.  Feb-12/2.0525  21,755,000  212,111 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to receive       
a fixed rate of 1.81% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  17,040,355  364,323 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to pay a       
fixed rate of 1.81% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing February 2017.  Feb-12/1.81  17,040,355  59,130 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 0.555% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  31,689,495  78,590 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.555% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2014.  Feb-12/0.555  31,689,495  43,415 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.27%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.27  3,952,000  60,070 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.03% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  21,755,000  910,447 

 

47



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.03%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/2.03  $21,755,000  $162,510 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 1.953%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.953  19,161,000  99,254 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Citibank, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.9475%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.9475  19,161,000  97,146 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.96325% versus the three month       
USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2022.  Jan-12/1.96325  19,161,000  101,553 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.60%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2042.  Jan-12/3.60  10,331,648  1,363,364 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 0.545% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  31,689,495  64,900 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.545% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Jan-12/0.545  31,689,495  32,006 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 4.60% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2042.  Jan-12/4.60  10,331,648  1,550 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.61%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  14,901,000  24,438 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.61% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.61  14,901,000  21,755 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 0.6075%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  16,435,000  26,296 

 

48



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 0.6075% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2014.  Dec-11/0.6075  $16,435,000  $23,896 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.01% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  21,755,000  842,571 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.01%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.01  21,755,000  102,031 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.476% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  29,803,000  78,978 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.476%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.476  29,803,000  11,623 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.53% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  29,803,000  59,070 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.53%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.53  29,803,000  21,756 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to pay a       
fixed rate of 2.355% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  19,279,000  327,743 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to receive       
a fixed rate of 2.355% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2021.  Dec-11/2.355  19,279,000  292,077 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 1.3525% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  19,279,000  129,555 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.3525%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  Dec-11/1.3525  19,279,000  110,276 

 

49



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.745% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  $24,652,000  $67,596 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2014.  Dec-11/0.745  24,652,000  51,523 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.99%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  31,823,697  1,254,490 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.99% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/2.99  31,823,697  1,220,757 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Citibank, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 4.045% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.045  4,688,313  1,009,253 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Citibank, N.A. for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 4.045% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.045  4,688,313  2,016 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Citibank, N.A. for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 4.1175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  4,736,781  1,090,028 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Citibank, N.A. for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 4.1175% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.1175  4,736,781  1,089 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit       
Suisse International for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 4.11% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.11  3,732,242  853,489 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit       
Suisse International for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 4.11% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2041.  Dec-11/4.11  3,732,242  784 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.855% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/3.855  7,812,584  1,388,140 

 

50



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 4.355% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2041.  Dec-11/4.355  $7,812,584  $156 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to pay a       
fixed rate of 0.5325% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  31,689,495  50,545 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to receive       
a fixed rate of 0.5325% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2013.  Dec-11/0.5325  31,689,495  17,112 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.21% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  11,836,839  929,429 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 3.21% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/3.21  11,836,839  829 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 3.11%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  1,493,622  62,194 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 3.11% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.11  1,493,622  21,807 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 2.3175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  19,279,000  206,864 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 2.3175%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.3175  19,279,000  157,317 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 1.30% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  19,279,000  82,900 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Deutsche Bank AG for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 1.30% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  Nov-11/1.30  19,279,000  56,487 

 

51



PURCHASED OPTIONS  Expiration date/  Contract   
OUTSTANDING (5.1%)* cont.  strike price  amount  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 0.715% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  $24,652,000  $42,648 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 0.715%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2014.  Nov-11/0.715  24,652,000  26,131 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit       
Suisse International for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 3.425% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  23,675,300  2,198,252 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit       
Suisse International for the right to pay       
a fixed rate of 3.425% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/3.425  23,675,300  33,382 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to receive a fixed rate of 2.85% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.85  23,839,555  1,118,790 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Barclays Bank PLC for the right       
to pay a fixed rate of 2.85% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2021.  Nov-11/2.85  23,839,555  24 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to receive a fixed rate of 4.0325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  6,823,552  1,472,932 

Option on an interest rate swap       
with Goldman Sachs International for the       
right to pay a fixed rate of 4.0325%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2041.  Nov-11/4.0325  6,823,552  7 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to pay a       
fixed rate of 0.5175% versus the three       
month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  31,689,495  31,056 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank       
of America, N.A. for the right to receive       
a fixed rate of 0.5175% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2013.  Nov-11/0.5175  31,689,495  665 

Total purchased options outstanding (cost $33,979,875)    $36,939,736 

 

52



COMMODITY LINKED NOTES (3.5%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
UBS AG/Jersey Branch 144A notes zero %, 2012 (Indexed to the     
UBS Bloomberg CMCI Composite Index) (Jersey)  $8,980,000  $8,516,183 

UBS AG/Jersey Branch 144A zero %, 2012 (Indexed to the UBS     
Bloomberg CMCI Essence Index) (Jersey)  16,764,000  16,453,984 

Total commodity linked notes (cost $25,744,000)    $24,970,167 
 
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES (2.5%)*  Principal amount  Value 

 
Ace Securities Corp. FRB Ser. 06-HE3, Class A2C,     
0.39472s, 2036  $1,040,666  $435,227 

Countrywide Asset Backed Certificates     
FRB Ser. 07-12, Class 2A2, 0.74472s, 2047 F  369,000  285,834 
FRB Ser. 07-7, Class 2A3, 0.47472s, 2047  2,008,000  732,920 
FRB Ser. 07-6, Class 2A2, 0.41472s, 2037  372,000  292,206 
FRB Ser. 06-8, Class 2A3, 0.40472s, 2046 F  480,000  302,251 
FRB Ser. 07-8, Class 2A2, 0.37472s, 2037 F  1,705,000  1,320,725 
FRB Ser. 07-1, Class 2A2, 0.34472s, 2037 F  1,096,000  920,187 

First Franklin Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates     
FRB Ser. 06-FF9, Class 2A3, 0.40472s, 2036  1,290,082  632,140 
FRB Ser. 06-FF11, Class 2A3, 0.39472s, 2036  2,544,000  1,259,280 

Green Tree Financial Corp.     
Ser. 99-3, Class A8, 7.06s, 2031  414,000  353,453 
Ser. 1997-5, Class M1, 6.95s, 2029  927,000  901,508 

GSAA Home Equity Trust     
FRB Ser. 06-3, Class A3, 0.54472s, 2036 F  1,950,625  921,217 
FRB Ser. 05-15, Class 2A2, 0.49472s, 2036  1,105,529  642,145 
FRB Ser. 05-14, Class 2A2, 0.49472s, 2035  660,569  303,862 
FRB Ser. 05-11, Class 3A4, 0.49472s, 2035  945,144  708,858 
FRB Ser. 06-19, Class A3A, 0.48472s, 2036  1,145,861  438,292 
FRB Ser. 06-16, Class A3A, 0.48472s, 2036  873,289  385,475 
FRB Ser. 07-3, Class A4A, 0.46472s, 2047  1,576,331  685,704 
FRB Ser. 06-1, Class A2, 0.46472s, 2036  1,597,365  630,959 
FRB Ser. 06-16, Class A2, 0.41472s, 2036  927,545  371,018 
FRB Ser. 06-11, Class 2A2, 0.40472s, 2036  2,647,562  1,032,549 
FRB Ser. 06-12, Class A2A, 0.39472s, 2036  960,325  393,733 
FRB Ser. 06-9, Class A2, 0.36472s, 2036 F  621,439  248,453 
FRB Ser. 06-16, Class A1, 0.30472s, 2036  1,531,330  612,532 
FRB Ser. 06-12, Class A1, 0.29472s, 2036  966,436  408,802 

HSI Asset Securitization Corp. Trust FRB Ser. 06-HE1,     
Class 2A1, 0.29472s, 2036  20,767  8,618 

Long Beach Mortgage Loan Trust FRB Ser. 06-5, Class 2A3,     
0.39472s, 2036  4,587,249  1,582,601 

Oakwood Mortgage Investors, Inc.     
Ser. 01-C, Class A4, 7.405s, 2030  609,175  339,615 
Ser. 00-D, Class A4, 7.4s, 2030  430,837  263,887 
Ser. 02-A, Class A4, 6.97s, 2032  318,660  288,786 
Ser. 01-D, Class A2, 5.26s, 2019  567,009  333,118 

WAMU Asset-Backed Certificates FRB Ser. 07-HE1, Class 2A1,     
0.29472s, 2037  30,639  28,915 

Total asset-backed securities (cost $20,689,080)    $18,064,870 

 

53



FOREIGN GOVERNMENT BONDS AND NOTES (1.6%)*  Principal amount/units  Value 

 
Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds 7s, 2017  $725,000  $594,500 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. bonds Ser. VII, 7s, 2013  1,305,000  1,264,649 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds 7s, 2015  7,210,000  6,490,226 

Argentina (Republic of) sr. unsec. unsub. bonds FRB     
0.439s, 2012  2,610,000  308,189 

Croatia (Republic of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes     
6 3/8s, 2021  220,000  215,056 

Ukraine (Government of ) Financing of Infrastructural     
Projects State Enterprise 144A govt.     
guaranty notes 8 3/8s, 2017  150,000  138,000 

Ukraine (Government of) sr. unsec. bonds 6.385s, 2012  475,000  469,998 

Ukraine (Government of) 144A bonds 7 3/4s, 2020  450,000  430,875 

Ukraine (Government of) 144A sr. unsec. notes 7.95s, 2021  230,000  225,103 

Ukraine (Government of) 144A sr. unsec. unsub. notes     
7.65s, 2013  1,600,000  1,576,000 

Total foreign government bonds and notes (cost $12,472,741)    $11,712,596 
 
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (28.1%)*  Principal amount/shares  Value 

 
Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund 0.05% e  43,927,258  $43,927,258 

Straight-A Funding, LLC commercial paper with an effective     
yield of 0.188%, January 18, 2012  $7,000,000  6,997,118 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.099% to 0.099%, August 23, 2012 # ##  10,000,000  9,991,778 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.072% to 0.072%, April 5, 2012 # ##  22,000,000  21,993,088 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.221% to 0.221%, March 8, 2012 # ##  20,000,000  19,982,933 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.000% to 0.166%, November 17, 2011 # ##  50,000,000  49,997,717 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.197% to 0.197%, December 15, 2011 ##  24,000,000  23,991,787 

U.S. Treasury Bills with effective yields ranging from     
0.085% to 0.086%, November 10, 2011 ##  25,000,000  24,999,462 

Total short-term investments (cost $201,881,141)    $201,881,141 
 
TOTAL INVESTMENTS     

Total investments (cost $886,058,508)    $889,167,337 

 

Key to holding’s currency abbreviations 
AUD  Australian Dollar 
CAD  Canadian Dollar 
CHF  Swiss Franc 
EUR  Euro 
GBP  British Pound 
JPY  Japanese Yen 
KRW  South Korean Won 
SEK  Swedish Krona 

 

54



Key to holding’s abbreviations 
EMTN  Euro Medium Term Notes 
ETF  Exchange Traded Fund 
FRB  Floating Rate Bonds 
FRN  Floating Rate Notes 
GMTN  Global Medium Term Notes 
IFB  Inverse Floating Rate Bonds 
IO  Interest Only 
MTN  Medium Term Notes 
OAO  Open Joint Stock Company 
OJSC  Open Joint Stock Company 
PO  Principal Only 
SPDR  S&P Depository Receipts 
TBA  To Be Announced Commitments 



Notes to the fund’s portfolio

Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011 (the reporting period).

* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $719,356,759.

† Non-income-producing security.

‡ Restricted, excluding 144A securities, as to public resale. The total market value of the restricted security held at the close of the reporting period was $400,750, and 0.1% of net assets.

‡‡ Income may be received in cash or additional securities at the discretion of the issuer.

# This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the broker to cover margin requirements for futures contracts at the close of the reporting period.

## This security, in part or in entirety, was pledged and segregated with the custodian for collateral on certain derivatives contracts at the close of the reporting period.

Δ Forward commitment, in part or in entirety (Note 1).

c Senior loans are exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, but contain certain restrictions on resale and cannot be sold publicly. These loans pay interest at rates which adjust periodically. The interest rates shown for senior loans are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period. Senior loans are also subject to mandatory and/or optional prepayment which cannot be predicted. As a result, the remaining maturity may be substantially less than the stated maturity shown (Notes 1 and 7).

e See Note 6 to the financial statements regarding investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund. The rate quoted in the security description is the annualized 7-day yield of the fund at the close of the reporting period.

F Is valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. Securities may be classified as Level 2 or Level 3 for Accounting Standards Codification ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820) based on the securities’ valuation inputs. At the close of the reporting period, fair value pricing was also used for certain foreign securities in the portfolio (Note 1).

R Real Estate Investment Trust.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund maintained liquid assets totaling $401,534,427 to cover certain derivatives contracts.

Debt obligations are considered secured unless otherwise indicated.

144A after the name of an issuer represents securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers.

See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding TBA’s.

The rates shown on FRB and FRN are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

IFB are securities that pay interest rates that vary inversely to changes in the market interest rates. As interest rates rise, inverse floaters produce less current income. The rates shown are the current interest rates at the close of the reporting period.

55



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $209,190,363)

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 


Bank of America, N.A.           

  Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  $479,444  $437,376  $(42,068) 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  1,005,112  928,755  76,357 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  1,604,461  1,547,928  56,533 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  47,538  (25,182)  (72,720) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  193,180  177,711  15,469 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  232,722  221,747  10,975 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  3,365,927  3,245,914  (120,013) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  203,164  197,027  (6,137) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  5,127,844  5,217,454  89,610 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  447,169  432,143  15,026 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  143,836  79,637  (64,199) 

  Russian Ruble  Buy  11/16/11  451,739  416,136  35,603 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  136,595  130,770  (5,825) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  279,624  275,488  4,136 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  871,969  804,569  (67,400) 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  726,870  687,929  38,941 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  4,725,607  4,536,535  189,072 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  855,067  833,350  (21,717) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  57,993  53,917  (4,076) 

Barclays Bank PLC           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  997,290  1,194,579  (197,289) 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  1,521,254  1,400,802  (120,452) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  2,561,189  2,544,680  (16,509) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,339,608  2,278,919  (60,689) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  405,199  372,507  (32,692) 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  189,929  180,842  9,087 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  9,970,775  9,649,030  (321,745) 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  1,261,281  1,244,304  (16,977) 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  70,662  69,327  (1,335) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  1,289,306  1,294,361  (5,055) 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Buy  11/16/11  280,962  268,754  12,208 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  25,017  31,154  (6,137) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  34,418  32,324  (2,094) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  8,746,163  8,345,505  400,658 

  Polish Zolty  Buy  11/16/11  518,919  504,820  14,099 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  194,359  178,662  (15,697) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,150,299  1,099,775  (50,524) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  321,743  320,252  1,491 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  326,155  268,876  57,279 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  1,634,644  1,568,726  (65,918) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  593,333  566,969  (26,364) 

  Thai Baht  Sell  11/16/11  405,426  398,023  (7,403) 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  1,680,662  1,582,684  97,978 

 

56



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $209,190,363) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A.             

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  $3,393,877  $3,266,831  $127,046 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  759,524  700,134  59,390 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  118,325  89,583  28,742 

  Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  234,482  187,253  47,229 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  414,686  380,993  (33,693) 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  232,611  222,835  9,776 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  2,462,222  2,434,012  (28,210) 

  Hungarian Forint  Buy  11/16/11  1,196,293  1,161,685  34,608 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  301,735  307,628  (5,893) 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  252,094  244,338  (7,756) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  11,392  10,695  697 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  496,356  578,581  (82,225) 

  Polish Zolty  Sell  11/16/11  726,594  690,145  (36,449) 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  865,473  818,742  46,731 

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  1,249,039  1,230,839  (18,200) 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  79,360  73,226  (6,134) 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  1,720,224  1,527,406  192,818 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  724,115  694,946  29,169 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  117,975  104,650  (13,325) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  246,906  237,520  (9,386) 

Credit Suisse AG           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  5,814,979  5,487,628  327,351 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  583,432  538,532  44,900 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  778,276  713,631  64,645 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,990,904  2,929,608  (61,296) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  45  41  (4) 

  Czech Koruna  Buy  11/16/11  817,660  779,555  38,105 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  1,496,536  1,586,325  89,789 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  594,098  576,277  (17,821) 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  1,725,965  1,693,014  (32,951) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  1,929,118  1,981,547  52,429 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  239,145  228,576  (10,569) 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  50,940  51,991  (1,051) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  2,399,186  2,482,279  (83,093) 

  Polish Zolty  Buy  11/16/11  500,114  474,039  26,075 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  107,258  98,573  (8,685) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  383,486  366,726  (16,760) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  110,625  110,376  249 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  774,287  714,319  (59,968) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,202,649  1,137,381  (65,268) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  533,715  511,773  (21,942) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  896,390  885,634  10,756 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  741,056  689,476  (51,580) 

 

57



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $209,190,363) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  $2,973,246  $2,739,605  $233,641 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  987,288  914,247  73,041 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  511,241  493,101  (18,140) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  3,734,066  3,623,936  (110,130) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  293,949  270,334  23,615 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  910,029  867,390  (42,639) 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  420,585  359,861  60,724 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  477,034  462,542  (14,492) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  1,371,524  1,399,366  (27,842) 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Buy  11/16/11  69,207  66,230  2,977 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  311,053  301,190  9,863 

  New Zealand Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  387,242  363,774  (23,468) 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,533,586  1,410,377  (123,209) 

  Polish Zolty  Sell  11/16/11  14,944  9,076  (5,868) 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  2,078,889  1,989,005  89,884 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  1,083,020  977,411  (105,609) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  2,232,570  2,112,152  (120,418) 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  1,451,307  1,392,372  58,935 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  553,297  519,273  (34,024) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  579,420  537,962  (41,458) 

Goldman Sachs International           

  Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,071,172  1,649,762  (421,410) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  1,280,193  1,234,854  45,339 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,265,994  2,195,378  (70,616) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  244,359  224,518  19,841 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  1,264,523  1,137,661  126,862 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  517,812  502,545  (15,267) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  860,605  877,287  16,682 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,372,399  1,244,548  (127,851) 

  Polish Zolty  Sell  11/16/11  32,682  29,503  (3,179) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  1,101,632  1,083,982  17,650 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,738,131  1,647,058  (91,073) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  768,667  737,268  (31,399) 

HSBC Bank USA, National Association         

  Australian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  626,002  316,828  (309,174) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  996,759  960,485  (36,274) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  1,376,606  1,379,504  2,898 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  1,194,241  1,081,724  112,517 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  751,275  736,518  (14,757) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  1,046,258  1,067,249  (20,991) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  280,110  262,965  17,145 

  Norwegian Krone  Sell  11/16/11  1,036,297  981,593  (54,704) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  476,489  455,981  (20,508) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  1,179,161  1,085,579  93,582 

 

58



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $209,190,363) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

HSBC Bank USA, National Association cont.         

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  $2,036,866  $1,953,384  $(83,482) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  270,085  263,209  (6,876) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  5,295,976  5,130,582  165,394 

  Brazilian Real  Buy  11/16/11  202,683  186,515  16,168 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  494,521  510,349  15,828 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  2,971,046  2,878,882  (92,164) 

  Chilean Peso  Buy  11/16/11  109,898  100,956  8,942 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  303,670  289,625  (14,045) 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  3,784,160  3,768,111  (16,049) 

  Hungarian Forint  Buy  11/16/11  154,982  128,924  26,058 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  2,688,915  2,691,211  (2,296) 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  140,823  134,599  (6,224) 

  Mexican Peso  Buy  11/16/11  445,108  431,010  14,098 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  167,727  157,340  10,387 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  319,289  301,928  17,361 

  Polish Zolty  Sell  11/16/11  79,836  76,316  (3,520) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  87,108  80,067  (7,041) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  494,579  472,856  (21,723) 

  South African Rand  Buy  11/16/11  274,556  273,383  1,173 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  1,017,547  961,611  55,936 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  505,401  477,795  (27,606) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  167,042  160,253  (6,789) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  497,387  485,387  12,000 

  Thai Baht  Sell  11/16/11  189,448  185,870  (3,578) 

  Turkish Lira  Sell  11/16/11  322,877  299,791  (23,086) 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The)           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  3,177,565  3,274,154  (96,589) 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  1,017,827  934,987  (82,840) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  5,406,616  5,225,355  (181,261) 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  158,261  90,189  (68,072) 

  Chilean Peso  Sell  11/16/11  13,194  12,117  (1,077) 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  91,334  87,048  (4,286) 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  3,842,267  3,612,173  230,094 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  473,694  483,030  9,336 

  Indian Rupee  Sell  11/16/11  144,136  141,441  (2,695) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  751,761  843,081  91,320 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Sell  11/16/11  36,183  34,794  (1,389) 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  187,738  182,188  (5,550) 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  9,857  9,258  599 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  835,741  1,002,539  (166,798) 

  Polish Zolty  Sell  11/16/11  187,268  177,869  (9,399) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  107,255  98,600  (8,655) 

  Singapore Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  696,523  668,145  (28,378) 

 

59



FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS at 10/31/11 (aggregate face value $209,190,363) cont.

            Unrealized 
    Contract  Delivery    Aggregate  appreciation/ 
Counterparty  Currency  type  date  Value  face value  (depreciation) 

Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (The) cont.         

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  $217,426  $214,553  $(2,873) 

  South Korean Won  Buy  11/16/11  354,548  326,952  27,596 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,355,739  1,281,860  (73,879) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  688,337  660,507  (27,830) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  1,184,860  1,168,392  16,468 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  35,957  33,472  2,485 

State Street Bank and Trust Co.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  5,310,495  5,155,414  155,081 

  Brazilian Real  Sell  11/16/11  985,372  906,174  (79,198) 

  British Pound  Sell  11/16/11  550,951  573,227  22,276 

  Canadian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  588,412  587,830  582 

  Czech Koruna  Sell  11/16/11  211,206  201,379  (9,827) 

  Euro  Buy  11/16/11  1,597,809  1,362,339  235,470 

  Hungarian Forint  Sell  11/16/11  192,333  186,384  (5,949) 

  Indonesian Rupiah  Sell  11/16/11  410,610  392,293  (18,317) 

  Japanese Yen  Sell  11/16/11  424,274  470,343  46,069 

  Malaysian Ringgit  Buy  11/16/11  8,565  8,208  357 

  Mexican Peso  Sell  11/16/11  727,375  704,709  (22,666) 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  3,224,700  3,299,596  (74,896) 

  Polish Zolty  Buy  11/16/11  21,128  28,811  (7,683) 

  Russian Ruble  Sell  11/16/11  87,111  80,070  (7,041) 

  Singapore Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  195,409  180,608  14,801 

  South African Rand  Sell  11/16/11  201,305  198,242  (3,063) 

  South Korean Won  Sell  11/16/11  109,856  101,390  (8,466) 

  Swedish Krona  Sell  11/16/11  1,636,634  1,504,545  (132,089) 

  Swiss Franc  Sell  11/16/11  1,624,958  1,558,664  (66,294) 

  Taiwan Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  245,074  228,406  (16,668) 

  Thai Baht  Buy  11/16/11  736,251  725,118  11,133 

  Turkish Lira  Buy  11/16/11  236,423  229,598  6,825 

Westpac Banking Corp.           

  Australian Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  2,059,494  2,071,913  (12,419) 

  British Pound  Buy  11/16/11  334,075  291,597  42,478 

  Canadian Dollar  Sell  11/16/11  130,680  163,835  33,155 

  Euro  Sell  11/16/11  5,264,924  5,157,734  (107,190) 

  Japanese Yen  Buy  11/16/11  1,104,417  1,095,096  9,321 

  New Zealand Dollar  Buy  11/16/11  646  607  39 

  Norwegian Krone  Buy  11/16/11  1,309,632  1,242,061  67,571 

  Swedish Krona  Buy  11/16/11  527,095  499,553  27,542 

  Swiss Franc  Buy  11/16/11  756,020  725,545  30,475 

Total            $(770,969) 

 

60



FUTURES CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

        Unrealized 
Number of    Expiration  appreciation/ 
  contracts  Value  date  (depreciation) 

Euro STOXX 50 Index (Short)  908  $30,190,390  Dec-11  $(639,506) 

NASDAQ 100 Index E-Mini (Long)  49  2,308,880  Dec-11  152,047 

S&P 500 Index E-Mini (Long)  354  22,112,610  Dec-11  (224,748) 

S&P Mid Cap 400 Index E-Mini (Long)  497  44,039,170  Dec-11  2,180,901 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  20  5,723,281  Dec-11  (23,782) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  47  13,460,473  Jun-12  (164,532) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  47  13,460,473  Dec-12  (210,314) 

Euro-Swiss Franc 3 Month (Short)  47  13,456,437  Mar-12  (129,159) 

Australian Government Treasury         
Bond 0 yr (Long)  6  709,506  Dec-11  814 

Canadian Government Bond 10 yr         
(Long)  21  2,774,155  Dec-11  8,230 

Japanese Government Bond 10 yr         
(Short)  5  9,099,411  Dec-11  17,404 

Japanese Government Bond 10 yr         
Mini (Short)  2  364,335  Dec-11  797 

U.S. Treasury Bond 30 yr (Long)  252  35,035,875  Dec-11  708,522 

U.S. Treasury Bond 30 yr (Short)  2  278,063  Dec-11  1,309 

U.S. Treasury Note 10 yr (Short)  26  3,355,625  Dec-11  (27,174) 

Total        $1,650,809 
   

 

WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754)     
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Call)  $768,300  Nov-11/129  $915,952 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Call)  768,300  Nov-11/130  687,959 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  273,284  Mar-12/90  319,480 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  267,554  Feb-12/85  167,045 

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (Put)  231,292  Dec-11/100  161,810 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  6,636,700  Aug-15/4.375  481,227 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.80% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  24,852,200  Jan-12/4.80  422 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  24,852,200  Jan-12/4.80  5,427,223 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.375% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  6,636,700  Aug-15/4.375  1,645,663 

 

61



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.46% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2045.  $6,636,700  Aug-15/4.46  $452,888 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.46%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2045.  6,636,700  Aug-15/4.46  1,720,525 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  14,911,320  Jan-12/4.72  149 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.7975% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
October 2021.  3,782,000  Oct-16/2.7975  96,895 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.5625% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing October 2021.  9,456,000  Oct-16/2.5625  202,264 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 3.49% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2026.  7,936,217  Sep-16/3.49  545,139 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 3.49% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2026.  7,936,217  Sep-16/3.49  615,771 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  10,259,726  Aug-16/3.625  742,189 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 3.625%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  10,259,726  Aug-16/3.625  763,837 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  35,414,819  Aug-16/5.35  1,091,662 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  35,414,819  Aug-16/4.35  3,974,641 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  21,094,416  Aug-16/4.17  610,894 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  18,978,932  Aug-16/4.28  988,613 

 

62



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.17%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2021.  $21,094,416  Aug-16/4.17  $1,267,205 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.28%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  18,978,932  Aug-16/4.28  2,057,886 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  8,352,631  Aug-16/4.68  355,822 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.68%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  8,352,631  Aug-16/4.68  1,079,085 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  6,960,526  Jul-16/4.67  297,771 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.67%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  6,960,526  Jul-16/4.67  895,416 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  6,960,526  Jul-16/4.80  278,908 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2026.  6,960,526  Jul-16/4.80  949,437 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  2,784,210  Jul-16/4.80  111,396 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.80%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  2,784,210  Jul-16/4.80  379,766 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  6,960,526  Jul-16/4.815  276,263 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.815%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  6,960,526  Jul-16/4.815  955,799 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.79% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  3,266,918  Jul-16/4.79  131,199 

 

63



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.79%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  $3,266,918  Jul-16/4.79  $444,141 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.74% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2026.  6,921,908  Jul-16/4.74  284,629 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.74%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2026.  6,921,908  Jul-16/4.74  919,880 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  5,365,418  Jun-16/4.815  208,339 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.815% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2026.  5,365,418  Jun-16/4.815  740,524 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  8,451,295  Jun-16/5.12  154,067 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.89%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  8,316,290  Jun-16/4.89  167,024 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  8,263,488  Jun-16/4.575  191,382 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.12% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  8,451,295  Jun-16/4.12  502,260 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.39%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
June 2021.  8,316,290  Jun-16/4.39  564,543 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  8,263,488  Jun-16/4.575  611,002 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.04% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing September 2025.  26,918,400  Sep-15/4.04  1,354,803 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.04%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
September 2025.  26,918,400  Sep-15/4.04  2,610,439 

 

64



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank PLC       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  $2,461,160  Feb-15/5.36  $49,632 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 5.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  2,461,160  Feb-15/5.36  462,989 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 5.27% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing February 2025.  5,007,860  Feb-15/5.27  105,926 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 5.27%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
February 2025.  5,007,860  Feb-15/5.27  909,828 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  5,161,178  Aug-14/4.20  166,035 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.20%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2024.  5,161,178  Aug-14/4.20  598,836 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  4,300,982  Jul-14/4.19  138,479 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.19%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  4,300,982  Jul-14/4.19  497,202 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,720,393  Jul-14/4.34  50,361 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  4,300,982  Jul-14/4.35  125,107 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.34%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  1,720,393  Jul-14/4.34  215,471 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.35%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  4,300,982  Jul-14/4.35  541,524 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  4,300,992  Jul-14/4.3725  122,901 

 

65



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.3725%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  $4,300,992  Jul-14/4.3725  $548,979 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  2,018,662  Jul-14/4.36  57,938 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.36%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 2024.  2,018,662  Jul-14/4.36  255,980 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2024.  4,277,119  Jul-14/4.29  128,219 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.29%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
July 23, 2024.  4,277,119  Jul-14/4.29  522,758 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  39,821,400  Aug-12/2.855  1,029,383 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.855% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing August 2022.  39,821,400  Aug-12/2.855  1,987,486 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA August 2022.  55,602,200  Aug-12/2.73  1,666,398 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.73%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
August 2022.  55,602,200  Aug-12/2.73  2,384,222 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.6825% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  2,246,000  Jul-12/2.6825  90,671 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.6075% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing July 2022.  15,827,000  Jul-12/2.6075  575,311 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.6075% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  15,827,000  Jul-12/2.6075  575,311 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.61875% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing July 2022.  15,827,000  Jul-12/2.61875  584,016 

 

66



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.60% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  $3,091,000  Apr-12/2.60  $107,289 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.498% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.498  443,860 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.498% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.498  443,860 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  4,527,700  Apr-12/4.8675  770 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.4275  391,767 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.4275  391,767 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.4275  391,767 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.4275  391,767 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4275% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.4275  391,767 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.4275% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  15,232,000  Apr-12/2.4275  391,767 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.8675% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing April 2022.  4,527,700  Apr-12/4.8675  980,519 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.52% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  2,954,000  Jan-12/2.52  79,817 

Option on an interest rate swap with Bank of America,       
N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.72%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
January 2022.  14,911,320  Jan-12/4.72  3,144,648 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.4475% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing January 2022.  13,030,000  Jan-12/2.4475  291,221 

 

67



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with JPMorgan Chase       
Bank, N.A. for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.453% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  $13,030,000  Jan-12/2.453  $294,999 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
2.46325% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing January 2022.  13,030,000  Jan-12/2.46325  300,342 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  22,080,964  Dec-11/1.29  92,078 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.29% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  22,080,964  Dec-11/1.29  173,777 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 2.225%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  12,058,643  Dec-11/2.225  724 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A.       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 2.225%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
December 2016.  12,058,643  Dec-11/2.225  509,236 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche       
Bank AG for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.24% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  9,440,943  Dec-11/2.24  472 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche       
Bank AG for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.24% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing December 2016.  9,440,943  Dec-11/2.24  406,149 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  1,081,863  Nov-11/1.26  2,434 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 1.26% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  1,081,863  Nov-11/1.26  6,394 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 5.11% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  14,251,339  May-16/5.11  260,229 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.86% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  14,031,812  May-16/4.86  284,762 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.60% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  13,961,977  May-16/4.60  318,333 

 

68



WRITTEN OPTIONS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (premiums received $65,287,754) cont.   
  Contract  Expiration date/   
  amount  strike price  Value 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.36% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing June 2021.  $14,031,812  May-16/4.36  $939,121 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.60% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  13,961,977  May-16/4.60  1,044,119 

Option on an interest rate swap with Citibank, N.A. for       
the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.11% versus the       
three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing June 2021.  14,251,339  May-16/4.11  842,667 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank       
AG for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.765%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  26,824,343  May-16/4.765  563,740 

Option on an interest rate swap with Deutsche Bank AG       
for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.765% versus       
the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing May 2021.  26,824,343  May-16/4.765  2,162,176 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  12,539,848  May-16/4.7575  263,249 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to receive a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  19,149,649  May-16/4.745  404,249 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  47,874,123  May-16/4.77  999,612 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of       
4.7575% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  12,539,848  May-16/4.7575  1,009,157 

Option on an interest rate swap with Barclays Bank       
PLC for the obligation to pay a fixed rate of 4.745%       
versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA maturing       
May 2021.  19,149,649  May-16/4.745  1,532,853 

Option on an interest rate swap with Credit Suisse       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 4.77% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing May 2021.  47,874,123  May-16/4.77  3,873,304 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to receive a fixed rate       
of 2.31% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  9,062,639  Nov-11/2.31  91 

Option on an interest rate swap with Goldman Sachs       
International for the obligation to pay a fixed rate       
of 2.31% versus the three month USD-LIBOR-BBA       
maturing November 2016.  9,062,639  Nov-11/2.31  425,491 

Total      $78,344,541 

 

69



TBA SALE COMMITMENTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 (proceeds receivable $3,038,086)   
  Principal  Settlement   
Agency  amount  date  Value 

Federal National Mortgage Association,       
3 1/2s, November 1, 2041  $3,000,000  11/14/11  $3,050,391 

Total      $3,050,391 
   

 

INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
  $86,061,300  $9,892  7/8/13  0.68%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(349,526) 

  24,338,400    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.45%  (45,517) 

  28,297,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (21,355) 

  3,473,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.1825%  (37,676) 

  42,417,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.54875%  (549) 

  28,327,000    10/5/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.597%  26,003 

  3,199,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (38,730) 

  14,987,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.3%  (16,641) 

  7,416,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.245%  (45,615) 

  5,908,000    10/14/26  2.74%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (17,331) 

AUD  2,630,000    4/18/21  6.10%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (211,664) 

CAD  1,737,000    9/14/21  2.4075%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  26,287 

CAD  1,987,000    10/6/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.445%  (26,189) 

CAD  2,820,000    10/31/21  2.64%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  (7,319) 

EUR  17,100,000    6/14/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.711561%  454,175 

GBP  1,004,000    10/11/21  2.76%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (10,626) 

JPY  954,000,000    9/21/21  0.98375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  33,079 

JPY  358,000,000    10/6/21  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.98625%  (14,524) 

JPY  382,000,000    10/13/21  0.9925%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  19,899 

 

70



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty / premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC          
$12,070,424  $109,237  9/8/16  2.065%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $(382,593) 

3,959,000    9/15/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  40,210 

108,014,700  (101,542)  9/16/17  1.46%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  394,363 

16,551,900  111,615  9/16/41  3.04%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (184,564) 

21,728,500    9/19/20  2.12%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  69,205 

29,545,500    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.51%  (18,712) 

6,089,500    9/19/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.035%  101,405 

16,034,000    9/20/20  2.136%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  30,420 

20,322,900    9/21/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (20,612) 

41,879,000    9/22/13  0.4775%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  55,580 

14,778,000    9/22/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (154,471) 

6,331,000    9/22/41  2.975%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (26,454) 

28,297,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  (22,238) 

26,282,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (15,019) 

8,284,000    9/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.041%  (196,428) 

98,605,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.511043%  (71,407) 

69,951,000  13,191  6/17/13  0.64%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (236,108) 

8,837,000    9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.857%  (180,056) 

4,207,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.155%  (56,160) 

35,989,000    9/30/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.53%  (12,640) 

6,192,000    9/30/21  2.165%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  77,111 

974,000    9/30/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.25625%  (239) 

2,293,000    10/3/41  2.8175%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  65,943 

 

71



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$13,999,000  $—  10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.543%  $(1,784) 

 3,303,000   10/4/21  2.089%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  65,447 

10,087,000    10/6/21  1.999%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  284,826 

19,443,000    6/28/13  0.628%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (62,471) 

27,062,000    7/8/13  0.6775%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (111,724) 

2,451,000 E    4/11/22  2.265%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  46,569 

48,977,100    10/7/15  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.041%  155,140 

2,666,070    10/7/18  1.73%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  15,125 

120,081,000    10/7/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.636%  (200,248) 

28,643,000    10/7/21  2.11%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  519,863 

1,179,000    10/7/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.668%  (70,160) 

3,503,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (15,343) 

6,094,000    10/24/21  2.363%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (21,616) 

99,000    10/24/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.648%  170 

2,699,000    10/25/21  2.385%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (14,834) 

16,842,000    10/27/13  0.64625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (27,506) 

25,118,000    7/12/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7225%  124,801 

47,674,000    7/13/13  0.645%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (162,817) 

14,213,000    7/20/13  0.66%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (51,952) 

8,702,414  (134,017)  9/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.14%  542,051 

10,313,972  (196,481)  10/21/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.17%  604,964 

8,300,000  10,700  3/30/31  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  4.17%  1,712,891 

31,749,200  74,984  7/22/20  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.86%  2,132,417 

28,798,000    7/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.635%  88,791 

 

72



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$23,569,000  $—  8/2/13  0.6425%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $(60,161) 

16,843,000    8/3/13  0.5875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (24,305) 

8,429,000    8/3/41  3.83375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,549,742) 

16,061,000    8/5/13  0.576%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (18,955) 

23,838,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (29,388) 

4,133,000    10/28/41  2.9525%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  14,041 

2,977,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.329%  (230) 

25,316,600    10/31/16  1.44%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (167,801) 

12,622,800    10/31/41  3.13%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (419,306) 

1,571,000    10/31/21  2.5575%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (33,019) 

10,999,000    10/31/21  2.55%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (223,589) 

3,066,000    10/31/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.2025%  147,040 

3,879,000    11/2/41  3.052%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (64,973) 

13,386,000    8/17/13  0.45%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  19,689 

4,182,000    8/17/41  3.343%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (343,618) 

15,515,000    8/17/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.39%  185,357 

48,880,400  48,716  8/17/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.22%  97,201 

12,398,500  (132,591)  8/17/41  3.32%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,092,962) 

53,669,564    8/18/13  0.439%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  91,231 

93,375,163 E    3/21/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.44125%  (113,918) 

13,940,000  (79,807)  9/8/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.14%  539,368 

9,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (113,182) 

18,233,000    8/31/13  0.509%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  7,796 

19,823,000    9/6/20  2.231%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (143,405) 

 

73



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
  $1,263,000  $—  9/6/41  3.2375%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(74,532) 

  12,008,000    9/6/21  2.3875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (119,400) 

  42,236,000    9/6/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.48875%  (38,752) 

  8,352,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (77,289) 

  5,669,000    9/8/41  2.958%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (10,042) 

  64,271,000    9/8/13  0.52875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  9,961 

  23,573,000    9/8/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.186%  (205,206) 

  4,832,000    9/12/20  2.032%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  48,137 

  12,229,000    9/12/13  0.497%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  9,922 

  662,000    9/12/41  3.012%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (8,276) 

AUD  5,260,000    10/13/21  5.0575%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  20,053 

AUD  8,930,000    3/21/16  5.57%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (375,062) 

AUD  6,790,000    3/21/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  5.88%  442,632 

AUD  4,180,000    4/21/21  6.0675%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  (326,985) 

EUR  31,020,000    6/15/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.67%  786,658 

EUR  38,775,000    6/15/13  1.95%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (913,846) 

EUR  3,200,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.532%  (12,003) 

EUR  1,670,000    10/4/21  2.542%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  4,950 

EUR  2,467,000    10/12/21  2.675%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (31,439) 

EUR  4,890,000    10/14/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.73%  94,411 

GBP  4,969,000    9/26/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.54%  (96,552) 

 

74



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
GBP  1,133,000  $—  10/3/21  2.5675%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $18,451 

GBP  2,960,000    8/8/21  2.9785%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (148,267) 

GBP  1,320,000    8/15/31  3.6%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (133,886) 

GBP  4,470,000 E    2/3/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.86%  397,818 

Citibank, N.A.           
  $7,333,000    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.459%  (12,398) 

  2,191,000    9/23/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.136%  (31,924) 

  9,539,300  (4,400)  9/26/13  0.49%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  6,109 

  6,848,200  (80,735)  9/26/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.09%  (211,372) 

  2,840,000    9/30/18  1.73625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  12,730 

  21,681,000    10/3/13  0.55625%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (2,859) 

  18,194,750    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.04%  (201,290) 

  16,486,500    10/3/21  2.159%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  219,939 

  1,038,000    10/3/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.804%  (32,706) 

  1,390,000 E    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.0625%  (25,423) 

  3,503,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (15,343) 

  6,477,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  30,984 

  12,218,000    10/28/13  0.62875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (15,062) 

  22,061,300  56,546  8/25/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.24%  240 

SEK  11,002,200    10/3/21  2.555%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  9,469 

SEK  11,090,000    10/4/21  2.5%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  17,715 

SEK  33,151,000    7/8/16  3.275%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (258,704) 

SEK  35,241,000    7/11/16  3.2825%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (275,872) 

 

75



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse International         
 $16,042,000  $—  6/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.159%  $1,410,415 

18,231,000    9/20/13  0.52125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  7,771 

29,073,100    9/21/13  0.5%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  25,174 

36,100,000    9/29/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.52375%  (17,300) 

25,472,650    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.055%  (249,923) 

23,081,100    10/3/21  2.172%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  280,445 

41,096,000  (81,730)  3/14/20  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.42%  4,327,781 

17,600,000 E    3/21/13  1.15625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (103,488) 

40,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65375%  79 

3,503,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (15,343) 

27,924,000    10/11/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.68%  69,520 

2,453,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  11,734 

51,597,300  (10,556)  2/24/15  2.04%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (2,267,499) 

31,345,000    10/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65%  52,600 

7,915,000    11/2/13  0.5825%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (2,533) 

16,911,000    11/2/13  0.56%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  2,198 

512,000    8/18/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.3688%  44,724 

2,658,000    8/23/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.633%  (1,817) 

942,000    8/24/41  3.0775%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (25,713) 

37,220,400    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.493%  (28,073) 

8,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (100,606) 

40,991,300    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5125%  (14,828) 

24,572,900    8/31/21  2.43125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (363,831) 

6,017,700    8/31/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.264%  396,651 

 

76



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse International cont.         
  $12,482,000  $—  9/14/13  0.53875%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $172 

  5,662,000    9/14/41  2.944%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  8,740 

  70,469,800  5,025  5/27/13  0.72%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (372,112) 

CHF  6,542,000    9/28/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.405%  (50,051) 

CHF  1,792,000    10/5/21  6 month CHF-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.44%  (6,700) 

CHF  1,083,000    10/7/21  1.465%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  1,145 

CHF  1,322,000    10/10/21  1.45%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  3,930 

CHF  1,660,000    10/14/21  1.535%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (9,208) 

GBP  2,300,000    10/12/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.7875%  33,196 

GBP  2,961,000    8/15/21  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.91%  116,316 

Deutsche Bank AG           
  $7,573,000    9/14/21  2.145%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  98,273 

  3,264,000    9/14/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.95%  (1,031) 

  10,779,000    9/19/14  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.6625%  (5,793) 

  19,955,000    9/27/18  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.515%  (382,126) 

  26,282,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (15,019) 

  18,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.165%  (224) 

  61,672,000    6/10/13  0.59125%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (164,535) 

  3,473,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.1875%  (36,098) 

  29,111,600    10/3/20  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.034%  (336,756) 

  26,378,400    10/3/21  2.153%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  366,533 

  4,435,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.56125%  975 

  2,865,000    10/4/14  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.7175%  1,828 

  25,928,700    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.792%  72,979 

 

77



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
$49,677,621  $—  10/7/16  1.3045%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $(80,143) 

64,761,000    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.532%  (134,383) 

703,000 E    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.0475%  (13,315) 

17,285,800    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.787%  46,071 

33,118,414    10/7/16  1.30125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (48,058) 

43,174,000    10/7/17  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.529%  (97,446) 

14,611,065    10/7/16  1.303%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (22,388) 

3,258,530    10/7/18  1.7265%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  19,243 

5,433,000    10/11/41  2.7725%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  209,268 

3,503,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (15,343) 

2,846,000 E    4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  5,464 

3,803,000    10/14/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.94375%  (14,719) 

40,176,000    10/31/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.6505%  67,821 

34,629,000    11/1/21  2.525%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (613,972) 

50,305,000    11/1/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.615%  49,299 

27,533,000    11/1/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.19125%  1,242,840 

4,624,800  2,468  7/18/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.96%  51,858 

51,875,000    7/27/13  0.6325%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (157,850) 

3,400,272    8/8/20  2.547%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (123,451) 

6,676,000    11/2/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (20,162) 

22,432,200    8/15/41  3.300791%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (1,653,215) 

11,014,600    8/17/18  1.84%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (66,268) 

4,202,000    8/18/41  3.37%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (368,110) 

10,966,300    8/24/16  1.23%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (10,835) 

 

78



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Deutsche Bank AG cont.         
  $18,404,600  $—  8/24/21  2.271%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(7,277) 

  11,819,300    8/24/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.081%  331,093 

  70,286,200    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5075%  (33,204) 

  39,339,100    8/30/21  2.4075%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (486,792) 

  16,851,400    8/30/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.2425%  1,022,980 

  81,637,800  (14,424)  5/13/13  0.75%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (511,595) 

  45,387,400    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.4925%  (34,270) 

  9,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (113,182) 

  22,390,500    9/12/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5%  (16,956) 

  8,937,100    9/12/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.2125%  (59,310) 

  6,057,500    9/12/41  3.065%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (141,285) 

  3,893,000    9/14/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.175%  (12,275) 

  18,572,826  (594,330)  8/25/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.09%  3,754,486 

EUR  10,880,000    12/23/20  3.325%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (1,341,018) 

KRW  3,658,000,000    8/16/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.42%  (18,080) 

KRW    3,650,000,000    5/9/16  4.115%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (83,922) 

KRW  3,650,000,000    4/22/16  4.135%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (82,434) 

KRW  3,620,000,000    4/29/16  4.14%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (82,401) 

Goldman Sachs International         
  $21,728,500    9/19/20  2.13375%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  44,303 

  29,545,500    9/19/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.515%  (15,880) 

  6,089,500    9/19/41  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.05%  120,024 

 

79



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
 $258,000  $—  9/20/41  3.065%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  $(5,854) 

21,231,900    9/21/13  0.5%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  18,385 

30,392,000    9/22/13  0.478%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  40,014 

21,243,400    9/23/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.4525%  (38,823) 

22,803,000    9/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.50625%  (17,920) 

17,839,000    9/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.93875%  (587,851) 

20,422,335  (742,352)  9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.99%  3,558,222 

12,497,000    9/28/41  2.69625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  663,479 

28,383,000    9/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5125%  (19,949) 

500,000    9/29/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.87%  (8,862) 

3,906,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.15125%  (53,444) 

4,043,000    10/3/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.558%  704 

5,572,000    10/7/14  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.7775%  13,283 

5,579,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.16%  (77,761) 

3,503,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (15,343) 

48,424,600  (20,585)  7/20/16  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  1.79%  1,501,669 

2,846,000 E    4/13/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.498%  5,464 

6,576,000    10/14/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3745%  36,042 

3,855,000    10/17/13  0.65375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (7,349) 

2,239,000    10/17/21  2.365%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (9,676) 

2,917,000    10/18/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65875%  6,013 

15,457,000    10/18/21  2.40125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (128,335) 

4,748,000    10/21/13  0.632%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (6,789) 

3,609,000    10/21/21  2.36%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (12,811) 

 

80



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
$1,409,000  $—  10/21/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.94125%  $(6,902) 

42,774,000    7/25/13  0.65625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (150,935) 

13,279,500 E    3/19/13  1.09375%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (69,850) 

68,263,000    7/26/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.63%  204,956 

26,888,000    7/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.61875%  74,244 

9,944,100    10/25/21  2.39625%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (65,015) 

4,158,000    10/26/13  0.64875%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (7,069) 

3,650,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.3825%  18,910 

8,365,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.005%  64,221 

586,000    10/26/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.415%  4,779 

2,246,000    10/26/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.0375%  32,077 

530,000    10/27/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.435%  5,248 

51,000,000    10/31/15  1.12%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (260,514) 

8,429,400    10/31/41  3.10275%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (233,141) 

23,130,000    8/24/16  1.235%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (28,619) 

12,940,000    8/24/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.2625%  (5,052) 

1,100,000    8/24/41  3.075%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (29,460) 

88,194,000    8/30/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.48375%  (83,961) 

8,000,000    8/31/21  2.407%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (100,606) 

13,644,000    9/1/20  2.225%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (98,465) 

4,508,000    9/1/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  3.195%  228,661 

2,885,000    9/6/21  2.2575%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  5,756 

29,657,000    9/13/13  0.52125%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  9,934 

4,965,000    9/13/41  3.023%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (72,840) 

 

81



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

Goldman Sachs International cont.         
EUR  13,240,000  $—  6/21/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.632%  $387,236 

EUR  5,300,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (14,694) 

EUR  10,900,000    9/29/21  6 month EUR-     
        EURIBOR-     
        REUTERS  2.54%  (30,221) 

EUR  1,126,000    10/6/21  2.439%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  17,821 

EUR  22,600,000    5/26/13  2.224%  6 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (418,728) 

GBP  2,537,000 E    9/22/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.06%  22,150 

GBP  1,320,000    9/23/31  6 month GBP-     
        LIBOR-BBA  3.1175%  (28,025) 

GBP  2,400,000 E    9/23/31  3.99%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (4,168) 

GBP  881,000    10/6/21  2.525%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  21,360 

GBP  2,304,000 E    8/9/31  4.605%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (145,591) 

GBP  2,303,000 E    8/10/31  4.5175%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (125,235) 

KRW   6,576,000,000    9/19/16  3.395%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  39,306 

KRW    8,552,000,000    7/11/16  4.035%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (168,311) 

KRW    3,498,000,000    4/21/16  4.12%  3 month KRW-   
          CD-KSDA-   
          BLOOMBERG  (77,135) 

KRW    7,616,987,000    8/2/16  3 month KRW-     
        CD-KSDA-     
        BLOOMBERG  3.845%  97,092 

SEK  8,080,000    9/9/21  2.65%  3 month SEK-   
          STIBOR-SIDE  (3,549) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.         
  $6,781,900    3/9/26  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  4.07%  1,181,360 

  35,300,000 E    3/21/13  1.1685%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (211,800) 

  26,600,000 E    3/22/13  1.185%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (164,122) 

 

82



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
$14,015,000  $—  9/27/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.51375%  $(9,040) 

26,282,000    9/27/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.5175%  (15,019) 

11,912,000    6/7/41  4.005%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (2,678,670) 

7,821,000  (262,004)  9/8/41  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  4.0275%  1,459,680 

14,664,500    7/11/13  0.715%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (70,779) 

10,608,000    7/19/21  3.074%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (828,730) 

8,113,000    9/29/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.18%  (89,706) 

3,440,000    9/30/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.203%  (30,859) 

6,476,000    10/3/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.184%  (71,567) 

3,009,000    10/4/41  2.75%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  128,119 

15,276,000    10/4/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.58%  9,072 

5,955,000    10/7/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.068%  (130,996) 

11,085,000    10/11/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.2395%  (73,759) 

3,503,000 E    4/12/22  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.4275%  (15,343) 

7,666,000    10/14/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.677%  18,316 

4,024,000    10/17/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.37%  19,250 

12,342,600    10/19/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.387%  76,513 

7,313,000    10/28/13  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  0.65%  12,087 

1,082,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.396%  6,549 

1,537,000    10/28/21  3 month USD-     
      LIBOR-BBA  2.351%  2,971 

8,429,400    10/31/41  3.235%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (460,061) 

8,844,400    11/1/21  2.445%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (92,070) 

69,639,000    11/2/13  0.5925%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  (36,212) 

12,893,000    8/19/13  0.4475%  3 month USD-   
        LIBOR-BBA  19,768 

 

83



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
  $4,234,000  $—  8/19/41  3.299%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(309,081) 

  12,540,000    8/19/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.3675%  121,723 

  21,649,300  (15,459)  8/19/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.19%  (28,626) 

  4,740,000    8/23/41  3.088%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (139,990) 

  2,444,000    8/30/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.4225%  33,603 

  36,309,900    8/31/13  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.5%  (22,242) 

  27,048,000    9/2/13  0.486%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  25,665 

  2,383,000    9/2/41  3.187%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (116,786) 

  17,264,000    9/2/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.35%  118,535 

  21,419,000    9/14/21  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.124%  (319,233) 

  25,493,000    9/14/21  2.1575%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  301,594 

  3,417,000    9/15/41  2.984%  3 month USD-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (22,346) 

  6,029,000    9/19/16  3 month USD-     
        LIBOR-BBA  1.231%  (4,595) 

CAD  6,260,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  107,160 

CAD  10,310,000    9/21/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.3911%  (176,488) 

CAD  1,830,000    9/21/21  2.3911%  3 month CAD-   
          BA-CDOR  31,326 

CAD  2,507,000    9/27/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.415%  (38,460) 

CAD  2,807,000    10/7/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.5125%  (20,357) 

CAD  2,937,000    10/14/21  3 month CAD-     
        BA-CDOR  2.6575%  15,738 

EUR  31,020,000    6/13/13  1 year EUR-     
        EONIA-OIS-     
        COMPOUND  1.74%  848,654 

EUR  31,020,000    6/13/13  1.9865%  3 month EUR-   
          EURIBOR-   
          REUTERS  (760,359) 

GBP  1,185,000    10/14/21  2.812%  6 month GBP-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (20,985) 

JPY  295,000,000    2/22/21  1.36375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (153,540) 

 

84



INTEREST RATE SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Payments  Payments  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  made by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  fund per annum  (depreciation) 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. cont.         
JPY  550,920,000  $—  5/25/15  0.674375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  $(81,228) 

JPY  549,390,000    9/16/15  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  0.59125%  52,454 

JPY  22,600,000 E    7/28/29  6 month JPY-     
        LIBOR-BBA  2.67%  7,935 

JPY  30,400,000 E    7/28/39  2.40%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (3,360) 

JPY  350,000,000    9/12/21  1.02375%  6 month JPY-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (7,820) 

UBS, AG           
AUD  6,284,000    9/27/21  6 month AUD-     
        BBR-BBSW  4.79%  (158,276) 

AUD  5,615,000    9/27/16  4.46%  6 month AUD-   
          BBR-BBSW  52,683 

CHF  30,584,000    5/23/13  0.7625%  6 month CHF-   
          LIBOR-BBA  (442,144) 

Total            $3,656,237 


E
See Note 1 to the financial statements regarding extended effective dates.

 

TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Bank of America, N.A.           
  $3,396,076  $(9,551)  1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  $6,581 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

baskets  182,716    7/30/12  3 month USD-  A basket (GDX)  (301,481) 
        LIBOR-BBA  of common stocks   

Barclays Bank PLC           
  $888,765    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  6,243 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  1,942,899    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (5,762) 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  1,965,894    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  12,068 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  4,397,043    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (13,040) 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

 

85



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

  Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
$2,874,303  $—  1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $20,191 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,163,261    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  13,504 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

12,029,881    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (35,676) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

9,837,615    1/12/208  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (29,175) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

7,122,224    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  44,459 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,949,159    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  14,567 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

344,391    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  1,527 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

2,620,000    4/7/16  (2.63%)  USA Non Revised  (47,260) 
        Consumer Price   
        Index-Urban   
        (CPI-U)   

3,396,076  65,268  1/12/40  (5.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  49,604 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

5,114,091    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  31,923 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

16,776,094    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic MBX  (49,752) 
      USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

10,919,700    1/12/40  4.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  53,938 
      USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.00%   
        30 year Fannie Mae   
        pools   

 

86



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Barclays Bank PLC cont.         
  $19,263,039  $—  1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $118,251 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,918,758    1/12/41  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  19,739 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  12,763,199    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  78,350 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  9,562,766    1/12/40  4.50% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  58,704 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 4.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  25,181,785    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  188,315 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  778,107    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  5,466 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,524,820    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  17,736 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  1,830,057    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  12,856 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  10,082,717    1/12/38  (6.50%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  91,692 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  6,059,768    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  18,663 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Ginnie Mae   
          II pools   

Citibank, N.A.           
shares  30,830    9/26/12  3 month USD-LIBOR-     
        BBA minus 0.60%  Netflix Inc.  1,491,254 

  $2,852,811    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  17,808 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  6,166,024    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  41,185 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

 

87



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

Citibank, N.A. cont.           
  $1,352,677  $—  1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  $8,444 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

baskets  753    4/11/12  (3 month USD-  A basket  3,026,431 
        LIBOR-BBA plus  (CGPUTQL1)   
        0.10%)  of common stocks   

baskets  434,517    10/29/12  (3 month USD-  A basket  1,003,387 
        LIBOR-BBA)  (CGPUTSB8)   
          of common stocks   

units  16,807    4/11/12  3 month USD-  Russell 2000  (2,800,593) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Total Return Index   
        minus 0.05%     

units  702    4/11/12  3 month USD-  Russell 2000  (116,713) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Total Return Index   
        minus 0.05%     

units  260    4/11/12  3 month USD-  Russell 1000  (43,301) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Total Return Index   
        minus 0.05%     

Credit Suisse International         
  $1,704,697    1/12/41  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic MBX  10,641 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  6,803,357    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  45,441 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 6.50%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

  2,225,536    1/12/40  5.00% (1 month  Synthetic TRS  14,865 
        USD-LIBOR)  Index 5.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

Deutsche Bank AG           
  8,048,982    1/12/39  (6.00%) 1 month  Synthetic TRS  67,748 
        USD-LIBOR  Index 6.00%   
          30 year Fannie Mae   
          pools   

Goldman Sachs International         
  1,500,000    3/1/16  2.47%  USA Non Revised  12,105 
          Consumer Price   
          Index-Urban   
          (CPI-U)   

  1,125,000    3/3/16  2.45%  USA Non Revised  7,954 
          Consumer Price   
          Index-Urban   
          (CPI-U)   

EUR  7,181,000    10/18/13  (1.7775%)  Eurostat Eurozone  (17,985) 
          HICP excluding   
          tobacco   

 

88



TOTAL RETURN SWAP CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11 cont.

    Upfront    Fixed payments  Total return  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /  premium  Termination  received (paid) by  received by  appreciation/ 
Notional amount  received (paid)  date  fund per annum  or paid by fund  (depreciation) 

UBS, AG             
baskets  $476,409  $—  10/22/12  (3 month USD-  A basket  $3,389,347 
        LIBOR-BBA plus  (UBSEMBSK)   
        0.60%)  of common stocks   

contracts  112,073    5/24/12  3 month USD-  MSCI Daily Total  (855,748) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Return Net USD   
        minus 0.35%  Index   

shares  130,053    2/28/12  (3 month USD-  iShares MSCI  (132,021) 
        LIBOR-BBA  Emerging Markets   
        minus 0.25%)  Index   

Total            $5,552,480 
   

 

CREDIT DEFAULT CONTRACTS OUTSTANDING at 10/31/11

    Upfront      Fixed payments   
    premium    Termi-  received  Unrealized 
Swap counterparty /    received  Notional  nation  (paid) by fund  appreciation/ 
Referenced debt*  Rating***  (paid)**  amount  date  per annum  (depreciation) 

Credit Suisse International           
Bonos Y Oblig Del             
Estado, 5 1/2%,             
7/30/17    $(4,006)  $450,000  12/20/19   (100 bp)  $61,140 

Deutsche Bank AG             
DJ CDX NA IG Series             
17 Index  BBB+  765,298  38,800,000  12/20/16   100 bp  435,757 

Total            $496,897 


* Payments related to the referenced debt are made upon a credit default event.

** Upfront premium is based on the difference between the original spread on issue and the market spread on day of execution.

***Ratings are presented for credit default contracts in which the fund has sold protection on the underlying referenced debt. Ratings for an underlying index represent the average of the ratings of all the securities included in that index. The Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s or Fitch ratings are believed to be the most recent ratings available at October 31, 2011. Securities rated by Putnam are indicated by “/P.” Securities rated by Fitch are indicated by “/F.”

89



ASC 820 establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.

Level 2 — Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:

    Valuation inputs  

Investments in securities:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Common stocks:       

Basic materials  $5,941,988  $—  $— 

Capital goods  8,583,812     

Communication services  6,902,884     

Conglomerates  921,962     

Consumer cyclicals  27,143,025     

Consumer staples  22,930,847     

Energy  22,586,303  400,750   

Financials  26,438,179     

Health care  21,374,920     

Technology  38,643,729     

Transportation  5,438,384     

Utilities and power  7,783,567     

Total common stocks  194,689,600  400,750   
 
Asset-backed securities  $—  $18,064,870  $— 

Commodity linked notes    24,970,167   

Corporate bonds and notes    111,288,481   

Foreign government bonds and notes    11,712,596   

Mortgage-backed securities    143,514,080  2,081,254 

Purchased options outstanding    36,939,736   

Senior loans    40,236,773   

U.S. Government and Agency Mortgage Obligations    103,387,889   

Short-term investments  43,927,258  157,953,883   

Totals by level  $238,616,858  $648,469,225  $2,081,254 
    Valuation inputs  

Other financial instruments:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Forward currency contracts  $—  (770,969)  $— 

Futures contracts  1,650,809     

Written options    (78,344,541)   

TBA sale commitments    (3,050,391)   

Interest rate swap contracts    5,684,876   

Total return swap contracts    5,496,763   

Credit default contracts    (264,395)   

Totals by level  $1,650,809  $(71,248,657)  $— 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

90



Statement of assets and liabilities 10/31/11

ASSETS   

Investment in securities, at value (Note 1):   
Unaffiliated issuers (identified cost $842,131,250)  $845,240,079 
Affiliated issuers (identified cost $43,927,258) (Notes 1 and 6)  43,927,258 

Cash  1,014,206 

Foreign currency (cost $17,983) (Note 1)  18,307 

Dividends, interest and other receivables  3,929,196 

Receivable for shares of the fund sold  3,514,445 

Receivable for investments sold  14,503,525 

Unrealized appreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  47,442,231 

Unrealized appreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  4,784,641 

Premium paid on swap contracts (Note 1)  2,484,570 

Total assets  966,858,458 
 
LIABILITIES   

Payable for variation margin (Note 1)  296,499 

Payable for investments purchased  8,766,656 

Payable for purchases of delayed delivery securities (Note 1)  104,341,712 

Payable for shares of the fund repurchased  7,223,938 

Payable for compensation of Manager (Note 2)  440,297 

Payable for investor servicing fees (Note 2)  118,715 

Payable for custodian fees (Note 2)  42,323 

Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  15,719 

Payable for administrative services (Note 2)  2,783 

Payable for distribution fees (Note 2)  208,922 

Unrealized depreciation on forward currency contracts (Note 1)  5,555,610 

Written options outstanding, at value (premiums received $65,287,754) (Notes 1 and 3)  78,344,541 

Premium received on swap contracts (Note 1)  1,272,940 

Unrealized depreciation on swap contracts (Note 1)  37,736,617 

TBA sale commitments, at value (proceeds receivable $3,038,086) (Note 1)  3,050,391 

Other accrued expenses  84,036 

Total liabilities  247,501,699 
 
Net assets  $719,356,759 

 
REPRESENTED BY   

Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4)  $710,289,043 

Undistributed net investment income (Note 1)  14,642,972 

Accumulated net realized loss on investments and foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (6,222,109) 

Net unrealized appreciation of investments and assets and liabilities in foreign currencies  646,853 

Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding  $719,356,759 

 

(Continued on next page)

91



Statement of assets and liabilities (Continued)

COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE   

Net asset value and redemption price per class A share   
($364,713,760 divided by 32,145,291 shares)  $11.35 

Offering price per class A share (100/94.25 of $11.35)*  $12.04 

Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($22,983,713 divided by 2,054,104 shares)**  $11.19 

Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($132,156,473 divided by 11,809,257 shares)**  $11.19 

Net asset value and redemption price per class M share ($3,829,524 divided by 341,105 shares)  $11.23 

Offering price per class M share (100/96.50 of $11.23)*  $11.64 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R share   
($643,020 divided by 57,150 shares)  $11.25 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class Y share   
($195,030,269 divided by 17,148,686 shares)  $11.37 


*
On single retail sales of less than $50,000. On sales of $50,000 or more the offering price is reduced.

** Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

92



Statement of operations Year ended 10/31/11

INVESTMENT INCOME   

Interest (net of foreign tax of $16,623) (including interest income of $29,872   
from investments in affiliated issuers) (Note 6)  $24,661,921 

Dividends  3,453,600 

Total investment income  28,115,521 
 
EXPENSES   

Compensation of Manager (Note 2)  5,977,568 

Investor servicing fees (Note 2)  1,403,190 

Custodian fees (Note 2)  134,677 

Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2)  45,675 

Administrative services (Note 2)  18,586 

Distribution fees — Class A (Note 2)  825,202 

Distribution fees — Class B (Note 2)  211,318 

Distribution fees — Class C (Note 2)  1,147,976 

Distribution fees — Class M (Note 2)  28,306 

Distribution fees — Class R (Note 2)  2,834 

Other  393,622 

Fees waived and reimbursed by Manager (Note 2)  (539,614) 

Total expenses  9,649,340 
 
Expense reduction (Note 2)  (6,207) 

Net expenses  9,643,133 
 
Net investment income  18,472,388 

 
Net realized gain on investments (Notes 1 and 3)  14,873,269 

Net realized loss on swap contracts (Note 1)  (1,439,980) 

Net realized loss on futures contracts (Note 1)  (14,546,739) 

Net realized loss on foreign currency transactions (Note 1)  (8,763,798) 

Net realized gain on written options (Notes 1 and 3)  4,070,402 

Net unrealized depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies during the year  (1,060,125) 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments, futures contracts, swap contracts, written options,   
and TBA sale commitments during the year  (2,091,117) 

Net loss on investments  (8,958,088) 
 
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations  $9,514,300 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

93



Statement of changes in net assets

INCREASE IN NET ASSETS  Year ended 10/31/11  Year ended 10/31/10 

Operations:     
Net investment income  $18,472,388  $15,036,062 

Net realized gain (loss) on investments     
and foreign currency transactions  (5,806,846)  165,630 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments and assets     
and liabilities in foreign currencies  (3,151,242)  (1,176,491) 

Net increase in net assets resulting from operations  9,514,300  14,025,201 

Distributions to shareholders (Note 1):     
From ordinary income     
Net investment income     

Class A  (8,169,234)  (1,471,077) 

Class B  (467,344)  (75,012) 

Class C  (2,392,932)  (453,940) 

Class M  (75,223)  (25,425) 

Class R  (13,926)  (1,562) 

Class Y  (5,334,657)  (1,218,841) 

Net realized short-term gain on investments     

Class A  (1,168,906)  (235,372) 

Class B  (81,523)  (16,516) 

Class C  (424,194)  (87,156) 

Class M  (13,125)  (4,694) 

Class R  (2,079)  (273) 

Class Y  (711,941)  (180,569) 

From net realized long-term gain on investments     
Class A    (264,794) 

Class B    (18,581) 

Class C    (98,051) 

Class M    (5,280) 

Class R    (308) 

Class Y    (203,140) 

Redemption fees (Note 1)    2,587 

Increase from capital share transactions (Note 4)  158,875,325  375,059,866 

Total increase in net assets  149,534,541  384,727,063 
 
NET ASSETS     

Beginning of year  569,822,218  185,095,155 

End of year (including undistributed net investment income of     
$14,642,972 and $12,543,670, respectively)  $719,356,759  $569,822,218 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

94


 

 

 

 


 

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95



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:   LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:   RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:

                        Ratio  Ratio   
      Net realized      From            of expenses  of net investment   
  Net asset value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized        Total return  Net assets,  to average  income (loss)  Portfolio 
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss)  investment  net investment  gain  Total  Redemption  Net asset value,  at net asset  end of period  net assets  to average  turnover 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  on investments  operations  income  on investments  distributions  fees  end of period  value (%) b  (in thousands)  (%) c,d  net assets (%) d  (%) e 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $11.45  .33  (.04)  .29  (.34)  (.05)  (.39)    $11.35  2.55  $364,714  1.37  2.86  174 
October 31, 2010  11.16  .43  .06  .49  (.15)  (.05)  (.20)  f  11.45  4.44  279,592  1.63  3.81  244 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .33  .83  1.16        f  11.16  11.60*  86,344  1.41*  3.06*  48* 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $11.31  .24  (.03)  .21  (.28)  (.05)  (.33)    $11.19  1.84  $22,984  2.12  2.14  174 
October 31, 2010  11.08  .34  .05  .39  (.11)  (.05)  (.16)  f  11.31  3.54  18,375  2.38  3.05  244 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .29  .79  1.08        f  11.08  10.80*  6,613  2.05*  2.71*  48* 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $11.31  .24  (.04)  .20  (.27)  (.05)  (.32)    $11.19  1.79  $132,156  2.12  2.12  174 
October 31, 2010  11.09  .34  .06  .40  (.13)  (.05)  (.18)  f  11.31  3.59  98,655  2.38  3.05  244 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .32  .77  1.09        f  11.09  10.90*  29,797  2.05*  2.89*  48* 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $11.32  .27  (.03)  .24  (.28)  (.05)  (.33)    $11.23  2.12  $3,830  1.87  2.34  174 
October 31, 2010  11.10  .37  .03  .40  (.13)  (.05)  (.18)  f  11.32  3.64  3,134  2.13  3.30  244 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .33  .77  1.10        f  11.10  11.00*  1,473  1.84*  3.04*  48* 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $11.37  .30  (.05)  .25  (.32)  (.05)  (.37)    $11.25  2.26  $643  1.62  2.60  174 
October 31, 2010  11.12  .40  .04  .44  (.14)  (.05)  (.19)  f  11.37  3.97  431  1.88  3.56  244 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .32  .80  1.12        f  11.12  11.20*  109  1.62*  2.99*  48* 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $11.47  .36  (.05)  .31  (.36)  (.05)  (.41)    $11.37  2.75  $195,030  1.12  3.13  174 
October 31, 2010  11.17  .46  .05  .51  (.16)  (.05)  (.21)  f  11.47  4.64  169,634  1.38  4.04  244 
October 31, 2009†  10.00  .40  .77  1.17        f  11.17  11.70*  60,759  1.19*  3.56*  48* 


* Not annualized.

† For the period December 23, 2008 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2009.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements (Note 2).

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts (Note 2):

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  0.08% 

October 31, 2010  0.03 

October 31, 2009  0.46 


e
Portfolio turnover excludes dollar roll transactions.

f Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

96  97 

 



Notes to financial statements 10/31/11

Note 1: Significant accounting policies

Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund (the fund) is a diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust (the trust), a Massachusetts business trust, which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as an open-end management investment company. The fund seeks to earn a positive total return that exceeds the rate of inflation by 700 basis points (or 7.00%), as reflected by the return of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index over a reasonable period of time regardless of market conditions or general market direction. The fund pursues a consistent absolute return by combining two independent investment strategies — a beta strategy, which provides broad exposure to investment markets, and an alpha strategy, which seeks returns from active trading. The fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in securitized debt instruments, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed investments. The yields and values of these investments are sensitive to changes in interest rates, the rate of principal payments on the underlying assets and the market’s perception of the issuers. The market for these investments may be volatile and limited, which may make them difficult to buy or sell.

The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M, class R and class Y shares. Class A and class M shares are sold with a maximum front-end sales charge of 5.75% and 3.50%, respectively, and generally do not pay a contingent deferred sales charge. Class B shares, which convert to class A shares after approximately eight years, do not pay a front-end sales charge and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within six years of purchase. Class C shares have a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge and do not convert to class A shares. Class R shares, which are not available to all investors, are sold at net asset value. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares may differ based on the distribution fee of each class, which is identified in Note 2. Class Y shares, which are sold at net asset value, are generally subject to the same expenses as class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, but do not bear a distribution fee. Class Y shares are not available to all investors.

Prior to August 2, 2010, a 1.00% redemption fee applied to certain shares that were redeemed (either by selling or exchanging into another fund) within 7 days of purchase. The redemption fee was accounted for as an addition to paid-in-capital. Effective August 2, 2010, this redemption fee no longer applies to shares redeemed.

Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. If the fund were liquidated, shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.

In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011.

A) Security valuation Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last reported sales price on their principal exchange, or official closing price for certain markets, and are classified as Level 1 securities. If no sales are reported — as in the case of some securities traded over-the-counter — a security is valued at its last reported bid price and is generally categorized as a Level 2 security.

Many securities markets and exchanges outside the U.S. close prior to the close of the New York Stock Exchange and therefore the closing prices for securities in such markets or on such exchanges may not fully reflect events that occur after such close but before the close of the New York Stock Exchange. Accordingly, on certain days, the fund will fair value foreign equity securities taking into account multiple factors including movements in the U.S. securities markets, currency valuations and comparisons to the valuation of American Depository Receipts,

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exchange-traded funds and futures contracts. These securities, which will generally represent a transfer from a Level 1 to a Level 2 security, will be classified as Level 2. The number of days on which fair value prices will be used will depend on market activity and it is possible that fair value prices will be used by the fund to a significant extent. Securities quoted in foreign currencies, if any, are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate.

To the extent a pricing service or dealer is unable to value a security or provides a valuation that Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management), the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC, does not believe accurately reflects the security’s fair value, the security will be valued at fair value by Putnam Management. Certain investments, including certain restricted and illiquid securities and derivatives, are also valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. These valuations consider such factors as significant market or specific security events such as interest rate or credit quality changes, various relationships with other securities, discount rates, U.S. Treasury, U.S. swap and credit yields, index levels, convexity exposures and recovery rates. These securities are classified as Level 2 or as Level 3 depending on the priority of the significant inputs.

Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. The fair value of securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a security in a current sale and does not reflect an actual market price, which may be different by a material amount.

B) Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (the date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis.

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividend income, net of applicable withholding taxes, is recognized on the ex-dividend date except that certain dividends from foreign securities, if any, are recognized as soon as the fund is informed of the ex-dividend date. Non-cash dividends, if any, are recorded at the fair market value of the securities received. Dividends representing a return of capital or capital gains, if any, are reflected as a reduction of cost and/or as a realized gain. All premiums/discounts are amortized/accreted on a yield-to-maturity basis. Securities purchased or sold on a delayed delivery basis may be settled a month or more after the trade date; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Losses may arise due to changes in the market value of the underlying securities or if the counterparty does not perform under the contract.

The fund earned certain fees in connection with its senior loan purchasing activities. These fees are treated as market discount and are amortized into income in the Statement of operations.

C) Stripped securities The fund may invest in stripped securities which represent a participation in securities that may be structured in classes with rights to receive different portions of the interest and principal. Interest-only securities receive all of the interest and principal-only securities receive all of the principal. If the interest-only securities experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, principal-only securities increase in value if prepayments are greater than anticipated and decline if prepayments are slower than anticipated. The market value of these securities is highly sensitive to changes in interest rates.

D) Foreign currency translation The accounting records of the fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. The market value of foreign securities, currency holdings, and other assets and liabilities is recorded in the books and records of the fund after translation to U.S. dollars based on the exchange rates on that day. The cost of each security is determined using historical exchange rates. Income and withholding taxes are translated at prevailing exchange rates when earned or incurred. The fund does not isolate that portion of realized or unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in the foreign exchange rate on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in the market prices of the securities. Such gains and losses are included with the net realized and unrealized gain or loss on investments. Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions represent net realized exchange gains or losses on closed forward currency contracts, disposition of foreign currencies, currency gains and losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on securities transactions and the difference between the amount of investment income and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized appreciation and depreciation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies arise from changes in the value of open forward currency contracts and assets and liabilities other than investments at the period end, resulting from changes in the exchange rate. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks, including those related to economic instability, unfavorable political developments, and currency fluctuations, not present with domestic investments. The fund may be subject to taxes imposed by governments of countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on either income or gains earned or repatriated. The fund accrues

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and applies such taxes to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized gains as income and/or capital gains are earned. In some cases, the fund may be entitled to reclaim all or a portion of such taxes, and such reclaim amounts, if any, are reflected as an asset on the fund’s books. In many cases, however, the fund may not receive such amounts for an extended period of time, depending on the country of investment.

E) Futures contracts The fund uses futures contracts to hedge interest rate risk, to gain exposure to interest rates, to hedge prepayment risk, to equitize cash and to manage exposure to market risk. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. With futures, there is minimal counterparty credit risk to the fund since futures are exchange traded and the exchange’s clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange traded futures, guarantees the futures against default. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. When the contract is closed, the fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed.

Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices established by the exchange on which they trade. The fund and the broker agree to exchange an amount of cash equal to the daily fluctuation in the value of the futures contract. Such receipts or payments are known as “variation margin.” Futures contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. Outstanding number of contracts on futures contracts at the close of the reporting period are indicative of the volume of activity during the reporting period.

F) Options contracts The fund uses options contracts to hedge duration, convexity and prepayment risk, to gain exposure to interest rates, to hedge against changes in values of securities it owns, owned or expects to own, to hedge prepayment risk, to generate additional income for the portfolio and to enhance the return on securities owned. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of options contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, if interest or exchange rates move unexpectedly or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. Realized gains and losses on purchased options are included in realized gains and losses on investment securities. If a written call option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as an addition to sales proceeds. If a written put option is exercised, the premium originally received is recorded as a reduction to the cost of investments.

Exchange traded options are valued at the last sale price or, if no sales are reported, the last bid price for purchased options and the last ask price for written options. Options traded over-the-counter are valued using prices supplied by dealers. Written option contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. See Note 3 for the volume of written options contracts activity for the reporting period. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately 565,800,000 on purchased options contracts for the reporting period.

G) Forward currency contracts The fund buys and sells forward currency contracts, which are agreements between two parties to buy and sell currencies at a set price on a future date. These contracts are used to hedge foreign exchange risk and to gain exposure on currency. The U.S. dollar value of forward currency contracts is determined using current forward currency exchange rates supplied by a quotation service. The market value of the contract will fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. The fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed when the contract matures or by delivery of the currency. The fund could be exposed to risk if the value of the currency changes unfavorably, if the counterparties to the contracts are unable to meet the terms of their contracts or if the fund is unable to enter into a closing position. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Forward currency contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average contract amount of approximately $291,500,000 on forward currency contracts for the reporting period.

H) Total return swap contracts The fund entered into total return swap contracts, which are arrangements to exchange a market linked return for a periodic payment, both based on a notional principal amount to hedge sector exposure, to manage exposure to specific sectors or industries, to gain exposure to specific markets/countries and to gain exposure to specific sectors/industries. To the extent that the total return of the security, index or other financial measure underlying the transaction exceeds or falls short of the offsetting interest rate obligation, the fund will receive a payment from or make a payment to the counterparty. Total return swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or

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losses. Certain total return swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index, the possibility that there is no liquid market for these agreements or that the counterparty may default on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Total return swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $439,400,000 on total return swap contracts for the reporting period.

I) Interest rate swap contracts The fund entered into interest rate swap contracts, which are arrangements between two parties to exchange cash flows based on a notional principal amount, to hedge interest rate risk, to gain exposure on interest rates and to hedge prepayment risk. An interest rate swap can be purchased or sold with an upfront premium. An upfront payment received by the fund is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Upfront payments are recorded as realized gains and losses at the closing of the contract. Interest rate swap contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Payments received or made are recorded as realized gains or losses. Certain interest rate swap contracts may include extended effective dates. Payments related to these swap contracts are accrued based on the terms of the contract. The fund could be exposed to credit or market risk due to unfavorable changes in the fluctuation of interest rates or if the counterparty defaults on its obligation to perform. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Risk of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. Interest rate swap contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $2,664,200,000 on interest rate swap contracts for the reporting period.

J) Credit default contracts The fund entered into credit default contracts to hedge credit risk, to hedge market risk and to gain exposure on individual names and/or baskets of securities. In a credit default contract, the protection buyer typically makes an up front payment and a periodic stream of payments to a counterparty, the protection seller, in exchange for the right to receive a contingent payment upon the occurrence of a credit event on the reference obligation or all other equally ranked obligations of the reference entity. Credit events are contract specific but may include bankruptcy, failure to pay, restructuring and obligation acceleration. An upfront payment received by the fund, as the protection seller, is recorded as a liability on the fund’s books. An upfront payment made by the fund, as the protection buyer, is recorded as an asset on the fund’s books. Periodic payments received or paid by the fund are recorded as realized gains or losses. The credit default contracts are marked to market daily based upon quotations from an independent pricing service or market makers and the change, if any, is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss. Upon the occurrence of a credit event, the difference between the par value and market value of the reference obligation, net of any proportional amount of the upfront payment, is recorded as a realized gain or loss.

In addition to bearing the risk that the credit event will occur, the fund could be exposed to market risk due to unfavorable changes in interest rates or in the price of the underlying security or index or the possibility that the fund may be unable to close out its position at the same time or at the same price as if it had purchased the underlying reference obligations. In certain circumstances, the fund may enter into offsetting credit default contracts which would mitigate its risk of loss. Risks of loss may exceed amounts recognized on the Statement of assets and liabilities. The fund’s maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk, either as the protection seller or as the protection buyer, is the fair value of the contract. This risk may be mitigated by having a master netting arrangement between the fund and the counterparty. Where the fund is a seller of protection, the maximum potential amount of future payments the fund may be required to make is equal to the notional amount of the relevant credit default contract. Credit default contracts outstanding, including their respective notional amounts at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio. The fund had an average notional amount of approximately $52,400,000 on credit default swap contracts for the reporting period.

K) Master agreements The fund is a party to ISDA (International Swap and Derivatives Association, Inc.) Master Agreements (Master Agreements) with certain counterparties that govern over-the-counter derivative and foreign exchange contracts entered into from time to time. The Master Agreements may contain provisions regarding, among other things, the parties’ general obligations, representations, agreements, collateral requirements, events of default and early termination. With respect to certain counterparties, in accordance with the terms of the Master

101



Agreements, collateral posted to the fund is held in a segregated account by the fund’s custodian and with respect to those amounts which can be sold or repledged, are presented in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral pledged by the fund is segregated by the fund’s custodian and identified in the fund’s portfolio. Collateral posted to the fund which cannot be sold or repledged totaled $10,250,100 at the close of the reporting period. Collateral can be in the form of cash or debt securities issued by the U.S. Government or related agencies or other securities as agreed to by the fund and the applicable counterparty. Collateral requirements are determined based on the fund’s net position with each counterparty. Termination events applicable to the fund may occur upon a decline in the fund’s net assets below a specified threshold over a certain period of time. Termination events applicable to counterparties may occur upon a decline in the counterparty’s long-term and short-term credit ratings below a specified level. In each case, upon occurrence, the other party may elect to terminate early and cause settlement of all derivative and foreign exchange contracts outstanding, including the payment of any losses and costs resulting from such early termination, as reasonably determined by the terminating party. Any decision by one or more of the fund’s counterparties to elect early termination could impact the fund’s future derivative activity.

At the close of the reporting period, the fund had a net liability position of $45,742,862 on derivative contracts subject to the Master Agreements. Collateral posted by the fund totaled $48,952,050.

L) TBA purchase commitments The fund may enter into TBA (to be announced) commitments to purchase securities for a fixed unit price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. Although the unit price has been established, the principal value has not been finalized. However, it is anticipated that the amount of the commitments will not significantly differ from the principal amount. The fund holds, and maintains until settlement date, cash or high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price, or the fund may enter into offsetting contracts for the forward sale of other securities it owns. Income on the securities will not be earned until settlement date. TBA purchase commitments may be considered securities themselves, and involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in the value of the fund’s other assets. Unsettled TBA purchase commitments are valued at fair value of the underlying securities, according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss.

Although the fund will generally enter into TBA purchase commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio or for delivery pursuant to options contracts it has entered into, the fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if Putnam Management deems it appropriate to do so.

M) TBA sale commitments The fund may enter into TBA sale commitments to hedge its portfolio positions or to sell mortgage-backed securities it owns under delayed delivery arrangements. Proceeds of TBA sale commitments are not received until the contractual settlement date. During the time a TBA sale commitment is outstanding, equivalent deliverable securities, or an offsetting TBA purchase commitment deliverable on or before the sale commitment date, are held as “cover” for the transaction.

Unsettled TBA sale commitments are valued at the fair value of the underlying securities, generally according to the procedures described under “Security valuation” above. The contract is marked to market daily and the change in market value is recorded by the fund as an unrealized gain or loss. If the TBA sale commitment is closed through the acquisition of an offsetting TBA purchase commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss. If the fund delivers securities under the commitment, the fund realizes a gain or a loss from the sale of the securities based upon the unit price established at the date the commitment was entered into. TBA sale commitments outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund’s portfolio.

N) Dollar rolls To enhance returns, the fund may enter into dollar rolls (principally using TBAs) in which the fund sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to purchase similar securities on a specified future date. During the period between the sale and subsequent purchase, the fund will not be entitled to receive income and principal payments on the securities sold. The fund will, however, retain the difference between the initial sales price and the forward price for the future purchase. The fund will also be able to earn interest on the cash proceeds that are received from the initial sale on settlement date. The fund may be exposed to market or credit risk if the price of the security changes unfavorably or the counterparty fails to perform under the terms of the agreement.

O) Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). This program allows the fund to borrow from or lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.

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P) Line of credit The fund participates, along with other Putnam funds, in a $325 million unsecured committed line of credit and a $185 million unsecured uncommitted line of credit, both provided by State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street). Borrowings may be made for temporary or emergency purposes, including the funding of shareholder redemption requests and trade settlements. Interest is charged to the fund based on the fund’s borrowing at a rate equal to the Federal Funds rate plus 1.25% for the committed line of credit and the Federal Funds rate plus 1.30% for the uncommitted line of credit. A closing fee equal to 0.02% of the committed line of credit and $50,000 for the uncommitted line of credit has been paid by the participating funds. In addition, a commitment fee of 0.13% per annum on any unutilized portion of the committed line of credit is allocated to the participating funds based on their relative net assets and paid quarterly. During the reporting period, the fund had no borrowings against these arrangements.

Q) Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code. The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ASC 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior periods remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

At October 31, 2011, the fund had a capital loss carryover of $1,806,605 available to the extent allowed by the Code to offset future net capital gain, if any. This capital loss carryover will expire on October 31, 2019. Under the recently enacted Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, the fund will be permitted to carry forward capital losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 for an unlimited period. However, any losses incurred during those future years will be required to be utilized prior to the losses incurred in pre-enactment tax years. As a result of this ordering rule, pre-enactment capital loss carryforwards may be more likely to expire unused. Additionally, post-enactment capital losses that are carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses rather than being considered all short-term as under previous law.

R) Distributions to shareholders Distributions to shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles.

These differences include temporary and/or permanent differences of foreign currency gains and losses, realized and unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts, income on swap contracts, interest only securities and redesignation of taxable income. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. For the reporting period ended, the fund reclassified $80,230 to increase undistributed net investment income and $121,615 to increase paid-in-capital, with an increase to accumulated net realized losses of $201,845.

The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:
 
 
Unrealized appreciation  $38,432,846 
Unrealized depreciation  (37,467,722) 

Net unrealized appreciation  965,124 
Undistributed ordinary income  18,677,502 
Capital loss carryforward  (1,806,605) 
Cost for federal income tax purposes  $888,198,661 

 

S) Expenses of the Trust Expenses directly charged or attributable to any fund will be paid from the assets of that fund. Generally, expenses of the Trust will be allocated among and charged to the assets of each fund on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be based on the relative assets of each fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each fund.

103



Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions

The fund pays Putnam Management a management fee (base fee) (based on the fund’s average net assets and computed and paid monthly) at annual rates that may vary based on the average of the aggregate net assets of most open-end funds, as defined in the fund’s management contract, sponsored by Putnam Management. Such annual rates may vary as follows:

1.030%  of the first $5 billion, 
0.980%  of the next $5 billion, 
0.930%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.880%  of the next $10 billion, 
0.830%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.810%  of the next $50 billion, 
0.800%  of the next $100 billion, 
0.795%  of any excess thereafter. 


Commencing with the fund’s thirteenth whole calendar month of operation (January 2010), the applicable base fee was increased or decreased for each month by an amount based on the performance of the fund. The amount of the increase or decrease is calculated monthly based on a performance adjustment rate that is equal to 0.04 multiplied by the difference between the fund’s annualized performance (measured by the fund’s class A shares) and the annualized performance of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch U.S. Treasury Bill Index plus 7.00% over the performance period. The maximum annualized performance adjustment rate is +/– 0.28%. The performance period is the thirty-six month period then ended or, if the fund has not then operated for thirty-six whole calendar months, the period from the date the fund commenced operations to the end of the month for which the fee adjustment is being computed. Each month, the performance adjustment rate is multiplied by the fund’s average net assets over the performance period and the result is divided by twelve. The resulting dollar amount is added to, or subtracted from, the base fee for that month. The monthly base fee is determined based on the fund’s average net assets for the month, while the performance adjustment is determined based on the fund’s average net assets over the performance period of up to thirty-six months. This means it is possible that, if the fund underperforms significantly over the performance period, and the fund’s assets have declined significantly over that period, the negative performance adjustment may exceed the base fee. In this event, Putnam Management would make a payment to the fund.

For the reporting period, the base fee represented an effective rate (excluding the impact from any expense waivers in effect) of 0.88% of the fund’s average net assets before an increase of $131,190 (0.02% of the fund’s average net assets) based on performance.

Because the performance adjustment is based on the fund’s performance relative to its applicable benchmark index, and not its absolute performance, the performance adjustment could increase Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares lose value during the performance period provided that the fund outperformed its benchmark index, and could decrease Putnam Management’s fee even if the fund’s shares increase in value during the performance period provided that the fund underperformed its benchmark index.

Putnam Management has agreed to limit the fund’s total expenses through June 30, 2012, to the extent that the total expenses of the fund (before performance adjustments to the fund’s management fee and excluding brokerage, interest, taxes, investment related expenses, extraordinary expenses, and payments under each fund’s distribution plans) would exceed an annual rate of 1.10% of the fund’s average net assets. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $539,614 as a result of this limit.

Putnam Management has also contractually agreed, through June 30, 2012, to waive fees or reimburse the fund’s expenses to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were not reduced as a result of this limit.

Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. Putnam Management pays a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.

104



The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund, as designated from time to time by Putnam Management or PIL. Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable, pays a quarterly sub-advisory fee to PAC for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund’s assets for which PAC is engaged as sub-adviser.

The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.

Custodial functions for the fund’s assets are provided by State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street). Custody fees are based on the fund’s asset level, the number of its security holdings and transaction volumes.

Putnam Investor Services, Inc., an affiliate of Putnam Management, provides investor servicing agent functions to the fund. Putnam Investor Services, Inc. received fees for investor servicing based on the fund’s retail asset level, the number of shareholder accounts in the fund and the level of defined contribution plan assets in the fund. Investor servicing fees will not exceed an annual rate of 0.375% of the fund’s average net assets. The amounts incurred for investor servicing agent functions during the reporting period are included in Investor servicing fees in the Statement of operations.

The fund has entered into expense offset arrangements with Putnam Investor Services, Inc. and State Street whereby Putnam Investor Services, Inc.’s and State Street’s fees are reduced by credits allowed on cash balances. The fund also reduced expenses through brokerage/service arrangements. For the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $5,464 under the expense offset arrangements and by $743 under the brokerage/ service arrangements.

Each independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $571, as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees.

The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the Deferral Plan) which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan.

The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the Pension Plan) covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years and were first elected prior to 2004. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee’s average annual attendance and retainer fees for the three years ended December 31, 2005. The retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee’s lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the Statement of assets and liabilities. The Trustees have terminated the Pension Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected after 2003.

The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to its class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and Putnam Retail Management GP, Inc., for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide for payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to 0.35%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 1.00% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at an annual rate of 0.25%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 0.75% and 0.50% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively.

For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $249,118 and $8,454 from the sale of class A and class M shares, respectively, and received $41,987 and $30,713 in contingent deferred sales charges from redemptions of class B and class C shares, respectively.

A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% and 0.65% is assessed on certain redemptions of class A and class M shares, respectively. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received $1,629 and no monies on class A and class M redemptions, respectively.

105



Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities

During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of investment securities other than short-term investments aggregated $1,004,795,520 and $908,581,398, respectively. There were no purchases or proceeds from sales of long-term U.S. government securities.

Written option transactions during the reporting period are summarized as follows:

    Written  Written  Written  Written 
    swap option  swap option  equity option  equity option 
    contract  premiums  contract  premiums 
    amounts  received  amounts  received 

Written options outstanding at the           
beginning of the reporting period  USD  245,226,480  $16,019,986    $— 

Options opened  USD  1,289,330,696  49,971,595  16,393,642  9,802,548 
   CHF  29,160,000  28,887     

Options exercised  USD  (140,397,302)  (4,172,336)     

Options expired  USD      (12,349,943)  (3,820,312) 

Options closed  USD      (1,734,969)  (2,513,727) 
   CHF  (29,160,000)  (28,887)     

Written options outstanding at the           
end of the reporting period   USD  1,394,159,874  $61,819,245  2,308,730  $3,468,509 

 

Note 4: Capital shares

At the close of the reporting period, there was an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions in capital shares were as follows:

   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class A  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  18,112,482  $208,722,727  21,763,862  $245,768,014 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  713,542  7,998,802  159,219  1,784,850 

   18,826,024  216,721,529  21,923,081  247,552,864 

Shares repurchased  (11,109,900)  (127,412,446)  (5,229,493)  (59,184,483) 

Net increase  7,716,124  $89,309,083  16,693,588  $188,368,381 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class B  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  751,426  $8,561,358  1,203,350  $13,486,923 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  45,503  506,450  9,235  102,949 

   796,929  9,067,808  1,212,585  13,589,872 

Shares repurchased  (366,921)  (4,178,314)  (185,091)  (2,075,351) 

Net increase  430,008  $4,889,494  1,027,494  $11,514,521 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class C  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  5,575,202  $63,711,440  7,151,162  $80,125,626 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  196,433  2,186,296  42,914  478,496 

   5,771,635  65,897,736  7,194,076  80,604,122 

Shares repurchased  (2,684,420)  (30,534,870)  (1,158,904)  (12,975,399) 

Net increase  3,087,215  $35,362,866  6,035,172  $67,628,723 

 

106



   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class M  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  199,468  $2,298,205  212,407  $2,382,773 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  7,426  82,726  2,931  32,683 

   206,894  2,380,931  215,338  2,415,456 

Shares repurchased  (142,592)  (1,613,112)  (71,312)  (799,494) 

Net increase  64,302  $767,819  144,026  $1,615,962 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class R  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  30,089  $345,497  31,578  $353,680 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  1,437  16,005  192  2,143 

   31,526  361,502  31,770  355,823 

Shares repurchased  (12,270)  (141,949)  (3,661)  (41,322) 

Net increase  19,256  $219,553  28,109  $314,501 

 
   Year ended 10/31/11   Year ended 10/31/10 

Class Y  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  13,107,648  $151,422,143  13,566,682  $153,272,406 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  378,525  4,243,266  95,393  1,069,350 

   13,486,173  155,665,409  13,662,075  154,341,756 

Shares repurchased  (11,131,173)  (127,338,899)  (4,305,514)  (48,723,978) 

Net increase  2,355,000  $28,326,510  9,356,561  $105,617,778 

 

Note 5: Summary of derivative activity

The following is a summary of the market values of derivative instruments as of the close of the reporting period:

Derivatives not         
accounted for as         
hedging instruments  Statement of assets and    Statement of assets and   
under ASC 815  liabilities location  Market value  liabilities location  Market value 

Credit contracts  Receivables  $65,146  Payables  $329,541 

Foreign exchange         
contracts  Receivables  4,784,641  Payables  5,555,610 

  Investments,    Payables, Net   
  Receivables, Net assets —    assets — Unrealized   
  Unrealized appreciation/    appreciation/   
Equity contracts  (depreciation)  15,473,163  (depreciation)  7,366,357 

  Investments,    Payables, Net   
  Receivables, Net assets —    assets — Unrealized   
Interest rate  Unrealized appreciation/    appreciation/   
contracts  (depreciation)  73,522,018  (depreciation)  110,201,181 

 
Total     $93,844,968     $123,452,689 

 

107



Change in unrealized appreciation or (depreciation) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $184,017  $184,017 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      (1,093,905)    (1,093,905) 

Equity contracts  1,244,837  2,167,417    3,229,246  6,641,500 

Interest rate contracts  (6,990,833)  3,399,935    8,010,140  4,419,242 

Total  $(5,745,996)  $5,567,352  $(1,093,905)  $11,423,403  $10,150,854 

 

The following is a summary of realized and change in unrealized gains or losses of derivative instruments on the Statement of operations for the reporting period (see Note 1):

Amount of realized gain or (loss) on derivatives recognized in net gain or (loss) on investments

Derivatives not accounted      Forward     
for as hedging instruments      currency     
under ASC 815  Options  Futures  contracts  Swaps  Total 

Credit contracts  $—  $—  $—  $770,549  $770,549 

Foreign exchange           
contracts      (8,780,747)    $(8,780,747) 

Equity contracts  (3,557,544)  (6,925,954)    12,565,501  $2,082,003 

Interest rate contracts  (1,491,615)  (7,620,785)    (14,776,030)  $(23,888,430) 

Total  $(5,049,159)  $14,546,739)  $(8,780,747)  $(1,439,980)  $(29,816,625) 

 

Note 6: Investment in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund

The fund invested in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund, an open-end management investment company managed by Putnam Management. Investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund are valued at its closing net asset value each business day. Income distributions earned by the fund are recorded as interest income in the Statement of operations and totaled $29,872 for the reporting period. During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds of sales of investments in Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund aggregated $679,754,900 and $672,648,443, respectively. Management fees charged to Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund have been waived by Putnam Management.

Note 7: Senior loan commitments

Senior loans are purchased or sold on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis and may be settled a month or more after the trade date, which from time to time can delay the actual investment of available cash balances; interest income is accrued based on the terms of the securities. Senior loans can be acquired through an agent, by assignment from another holder of the loan, or as a participation interest in another holder’s portion of the loan. When the fund invests in a loan or participation, the fund is subject to the risk that an intermediate participant between the fund and the borrower will fail to meet its obligations to the fund, in addition to the risk that the borrower under the loan may default on its obligations.

Note 8: Market and credit risk

In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default.

108



FUND SYMBOLS  CLASS A  CLASS B  CLASS C  CLASS M  CLASS R  CLASS Y 
  PPGAX  PPGBX  PPGCX  PPGMX  PPGSX  PPGYX 

 

Putnam
Global Sector
Fund

Prospectus

<R>

2 | 29 | 12

</R>

Fund summary  2 
<R>
What are the fund’s and each underlying fund’s main investment   
strategies and related risks?  7 
Who oversees and manages the fund?  18 
How does the fund price its shares?  21 
How do I buy fund shares?  21 
How do I sell or exchange fund shares?  28 
Policy on excessive short-term trading  30 
Distribution plans and payments to dealers  34 
Fund distributions and taxes  36 
Financial highlights  38 
</R>

 

Investment Category: Global Sector  These securities have not been approved 
  or disapproved by the Securities and 
This prospectus explains what  Exchange Commission nor has the 
you should know about this  Commission passed upon the accuracy 
mutual fund before you invest.  or adequacy of this prospectus. Any 
Please read it carefully.  statement to the contrary is a crime. 

 



Fund summary

Goal

Putnam Global Sector Fund seeks capital appreciation.

Fees and expenses

<R>

The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Putnam funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial advisor and in How do I buy fund shares? beginning on page 21 of the fund’s prospectus and in How to buy shares beginning on page II-1 of the fund’s statement of additional information (SAI).

</R>

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

    Maximum deferred sales   
    charge (load)   
  Maximum sales  (as a percentage of   
  charge (load)  original purchase   
  imposed on purchases  price or redemption  Redemption fee (as 
  (as a percentage of  proceeds, whichever  a percentage of total 
Share class  offering price)  is lower)  redemption proceeds) 
<R>
Class A  5.75%  1.00%*  1.00% 
</R>
Class B  NONE  5.00%**  1.00% 
<R>
Class C  NONE  1.00%***  1.00% 
Class M  3.50%  0.65%*  1.00% 
</R>
Class R  NONE  NONE  1.00% 
Class Y  NONE  NONE  1.00% 

 

<R>

Annual fund operating expenses
(expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

              Total 
              annual 
              fund 
              operating 
    Distri-      Total    expenses 
    bution and    Acquired  annual    after 
    service    fund  fund  Expense  expense 
Share  Manage-  (12b-1)  Other  operating  operating  reimburse-  reim- 
class  ment fees  fees  expenses†  expenses  expenses  ment****  bursement 
 
Class A  0.00%  0.25%  1.56%  1.10%  2.91%  (1.56)%  1.35% 
Class B  0.00%  1.00%  1.56%  1.10%  3.66%  (1.56)%  2.10% 
Class C  0.00%  1.00%  1.56%  1.10%  3.66%  (1.56)%  2.10% 
Class M  0.00%  0.75%  1.56%  1.10%  3.41%  (1.56)%  1.85% 
Class R  0.00%  0.50%  1.56%  1.10%  3.16%  (1.56)%  1.60% 
Class Y  0.00%  N/A  1.56%  1.10%  2.66%  (1.56)%  1.10% 

 

2  Prospectus 

 



* Applies only to certain redemptions of shares bought with no initial sales charge.

** This charge is phased out over six years.

***This charge is eliminated after one year.

****Reflects Putnam Investment Management, LLC’s contractual obligation to limit certain fund expenses through 2/28/2013. This obligation may be modified or discontinued only with approval of the Board of Trustees.

† Other expenses have been restated to reflect current fees.

</R>

Example

The following hypothetical example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then, except as indicated, redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. It assumes a 5% return on your investment each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Only the first year of each period in the example takes into account the expense reimbursement described above. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.

Share class  1 year  3 years  5 years  10 years 
<R>
Class A  $705  $1,285  $1,890  $3,517 
Class B  $713  $1,276  $1,960  $3,647 
Class B (no redemption)  $213  $976  $1,760  $3,647 
Class C  $313  $976  $1,760  $3,814 
Class C (no redemption)  $213  $976  $1,760  $3,814 
Class M  $531  $1,221  $1,933  $3,814 
Class R  $163  $828  $1,519  $3,359 
Class Y  $112  $678  $1,270  $2,877 
</R>

 

Portfolio turnover

<R>

The fund pays transaction-related costs when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or the above example, affect fund performance. The fund’s turnover rate in the most recent fiscal year was 24%.

</R>

Investments, risks, and performance

Investments

We allocate the fund’s assets among eight Putnam global sector funds to provide exposure to sectors of the global market in approximately the same proportions as the sector weightings in the MSCI World Index. Each underlying fund is a non-diversified fund concentrating in the market sector specified in its name, and each invests mainly in common stocks (growth

Prospectus  3 

 



or value stocks or both) of large and midsize companies worldwide that we believe have favorable investment potential.

<R>

Each underlying fund may invest in emerging markets, use derivatives, such as futures, options, foreign currency transactions, warrants and swap contracts, for both hedging and non-hedging purposes, and engage in short sales of securities.

We seek to rebalance the fund’s allocations monthly to remain in alignment with the index. The following table shows the fund’s approximate allocations to the underlying funds as of 12/31/11:

  Approximate    Approximate 
  allocation as    allocation as 
Underlying fund  of 12/31/11  Underlying fund  of 12/31/11 
 
Putnam Global Consumer    Putnam Global Natural   
Fund  21.09%  Resources Fund  18.21% 
 
Putnam Global Financials    Putnam Global   
Fund  18.28%  Technology Fund  12.23% 
 
Putnam Global Health Care    Putnam Global   
Fund  10.20%  Telecommunications Fund  4.71% 
 
Putnam Global Industrials    Putnam Global   
Fund  10.71%  Utilities Fund  4.28% 
</R>

 

We may also invest in money market instruments or an affiliated money market fund for cash management.

Risks

It is important to understand that you can lose money by investing in the fund.

<R>

Our allocation of investments among the underlying funds may hurt performance. In addition, the fund’s performance is subject to the risks that may affect the performance of the underlying funds, which are as follows. The prices of stocks in an underlying fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including both general financial market conditions and factors related to a specific company or industry. Growth stocks may be more susceptible to earnings disappointments, and value stocks may fail to rebound. An underlying fund’s policy of concentrating on a limited group of industries and an underlying fund’s “non-diversified” status, which means the underlying fund may invest in fewer issuers than a “diversified fund,” can increase the underlying fund’s vulnerability to adverse developments affecting a single issuer, which may result in greater losses and volatility. The value of international investments traded in foreign currencies may be adversely

4  Prospectus 

 



impacted by fluctuations in exchange rates. International investments may carry risks associated with potentially less stable economies or governments, such as the risk of seizure by a foreign government, the imposition of currency or other restrictions, or high levels of inflation or deflation. International investments, particularly emerging-market investments can be illiquid. An underlying fund’s use of derivatives may increase these risks by increasing investment exposure or, in the case of many over-the-counter investments, because of the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions and the potential failure of the other party to the instrument to meet its obligations. An underlying fund’s use of short selling may result in losses if the securities appreciate in value.

</R>

The fund may not achieve its goal, and it is not intended to be a complete investment program. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.

Performance

<R>

The performance information below gives some indication of the risks associated with an investment in the fund by showing the fund’s performance year to year and over time. The bar chart does not reflect the impact of sales charges. If it did, performance would be lower. Please remember that past performance is not necessarily an indication of future results. Monthly performance figures for the fund are available at putnam.com.

 


 
Prospectus  5 

 



Average annual total returns after sales charges
(for periods ending 12/31/11)

    Since inception 
Share class  1 year  (3/31/10) 
 
Class A before taxes  –14.96%  –3.96% 
Class A after taxes on distributions  –15.98%  –4.95% 
Class A after taxes on distributions and sale of funds shares  –9.00%  –3.63% 
Class B before taxes  –14.78%  –3.51% 
Class C before taxes  –11.30%  –1.38% 
Class M before taxes  –13.31%  –3.08% 
Class R before taxes  –9.97%  –0.89% 
Class Y before taxes  –9.57%  –0.40% 
MSCI World Index (ND) (no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes,     
other than withholding taxes on reinvested dividends)  –5.54%  1.28% 


After-tax returns reflect the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are shown for class A shares only and will vary for other classes. These after-tax returns do not apply if you hold your fund shares through a 401(k) plan, an IRA, or another tax-advantaged arrangement.

Class B share performance does not reflect conversion to class A shares.

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Your fund’s management

Investment advisor

Putnam Investment Management, LLC

Portfolio managers

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Aaron Cooper, Director of Global Equity Research, portfolio manager of the fund since 2011

Jacquelyne Cavanaugh, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2012

Kelsey Chen, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

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Timothy Codrington, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

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Steven Curbow, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

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Vivek Gandhi, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

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George Gianarikas, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

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David Morgan, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

John Morgan, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

Ferat Ongoren, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

Nathaniel Salter, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

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Walter Scully, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

Christopher Stevo, Analyst, portfolio manager of the fund since 2010

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6  Prospectus 

 



Purchase and sale of fund shares

You can open an account, purchase and/or sell fund shares, or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund by contacting your financial advisor or by calling Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581.

When opening an account, you must complete and mail a Putnam account application, along with a check made payable to the fund, to: Putnam Investor Services, P.O. Box 8383, Boston, MA 02266-8383. The minimum initial investment of $500 is currently waived, although Putnam reserves the right to reject initial investments under $500 at its discretion. There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

You can sell your shares back to the fund or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund any day the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is open. Shares may be sold or exchanged by mail, by phone, or online at putnam.com. Some restrictions may apply.

Tax information

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The fund’s distributions will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains unless you hold the shares through a tax-advantaged arrangement, in which case you will generally be taxed only upon withdrawal of monies from the arrangement.

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Financial intermediary compensation

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If you purchase the fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the fund and its related companies may pay that intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. Please bear in mind that these payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your advisor or visit your advisor’s website for more information.

What are the fund’s and each underlying fund’s main investment strategies and related risks?

This section contains greater detail on the fund’s main investment strategies and the related risks you would face as a fund shareholder. It is important to keep in mind that risk and reward generally go hand in hand; the higher the potential reward, the greater the risk.

As mentioned in the fund summary, we pursue the fund’s goal by allocating its assets among underlying funds. When deciding whether to buy or sell investments for an underlying fund, the manager of the underlying fund may consider, among other factors, a company’s valuation, financial strength,

Prospectus  7 

 



growth potential, competitive position in its industry, projected future earnings, cash flows and dividends.

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Global investing. The use of the term “global” in each underlying fund’s name is meant to emphasize that we look for investment opportunities on a worldwide basis and that our investment strategies are not constrained by the countries or regions in which companies are located. We seek to invest mainly in common stocks of such U.S. or foreign companies in the group of industries indicated by the underlying fund’s name that we believe have favorable investment potential.

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As a result, the portions of an underlying fund that are invested in U.S. and foreign companies will change over time based on both the number and size of U.S. and foreign companies in such group of industries and on our assessment of the relative investment potential of such companies. By way of illustration, the table below lists, as of December 31, 2011, the allocation between U.S. and foreign companies reflected in key market indexes used to evaluate each underlying fund’s performance:

Fund  Benchmark  U.S.  Foreign 
Global Consumer Fund  MSCI World Consumer     
  Discretionary & Staples Index  55.36%  44.64% 
Global Financials Fund  MSCI World Financials Index  39.30%  60.70% 
 
Global Health Care Fund  MSCI World Health Care Index  58.30%  41.70% 
 
Global Industrials Fund  MSCI World Industrials Index  49.45%  50.55% 
 
Global Natural Resources Fund  MSCI World Energy &     
  Materials Index  42.69%  57.31% 
 
Global Technology Fund  MSCI World Information     
  Technology Index  82.04%  17.96% 
 
Global Telecommunications Fund  MSCI World Telecommunications     
  Services Index  36.76%  63.24% 
 
Global Utilities Fund  MSCI World Utilities Index  49.61%  50.39% 

 

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As noted above, however, the portions of an underlying fund’s investments represented by U.S. and foreign companies may differ from those of these indexes based on our assessment of relative investment potential at any particular time.

Under normal market conditions, each underlying fund intends to invest in at least five different countries and at least 40% of its net assets in securities of foreign companies (or, if less, the percentage of net assets that is 10% less than the percentage of the underlying fund’s benchmark represented by foreign companies, as determined by the provider of the benchmark). For purposes of determining whether securities held by an underlying fund are securities of a foreign company, we will consider a company to be a foreign company if we determine that the company’s securities trade on a market outside of

8  Prospectus 

 



the United States, the company is headquartered or organized outside of the United States, the company derives a majority of its revenues or profits outside of the United States, or the company is significantly exposed to the economic fortunes and risks of regions outside the United States.

Common stocks. Common stock represents an ownership interest in a company. The value of a company’s stock may fall as a result of factors directly relating to that company, such as decisions made by its management or lower demand for the company’s products or services. A stock’s value may also fall because of factors affecting not just the company, but also other companies in the same industry or in a number of different industries, such as increases in production costs. The value of a company’s stock may also be affected by changes in financial markets that are relatively unrelated to the company or its industry, such as changes in interest rates or currency exchange rates. In addition, a company’s stock generally pays dividends only after the company invests in its own business and makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. For this reason, the value of a company’s stock will usually react more strongly than its bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects. Stocks of smaller companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies.

Growth stocks — Stocks of companies we believe are fast-growing may trade at a higher multiple of current earnings than other stocks. The values of these stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than the values of other stocks. If our assessment of the prospects for a company’s earnings growth is wrong, or if our judgment of how other investors will value the company’s earnings growth is wrong, then the price of the company’s stock may fall or may not approach the value that we have placed on it.

Value stocks — Companies whose stocks we believe are undervalued by the market may have experienced adverse business developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused their stocks to be out of favor. If our assessment of a company’s prospects is wrong, or if other investors do not similarly recognize the value of the company, then the price of the company’s stock may fall or may not approach the value that we have placed on it.

• Foreign investments. Foreign investments involve certain special risks, including:

– Unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates: Foreign investments are typically issued and traded in foreign currencies. As a result, their values may be affected by changes in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar.

Prospectus  9 

 



– Political and economic developments: Foreign investments may be subject to the risks of seizure by a foreign government, direct or indirect impact of sovereign debt default, imposition of restrictions on the exchange or export of foreign currency, and tax increases.

– Unreliable or untimely information: There may be less information publicly available about a foreign company than about most publicly traded U.S. companies, and foreign companies are usually not subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices as stringent as those in the United States.

– Limited legal recourse: Legal remedies for investors may be more limited than the remedies available in the United States.

– Limited markets: Certain foreign investments may be less liquid (harder to buy and sell) and more volatile than U.S. investments, which means we may at times be unable to sell these foreign investments at desirable prices. For the same reason, we may at times find it difficult to value the fund’s foreign investments.

– Trading practices: Brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher for foreign investments than for U.S. investments. The procedures and rules governing foreign transactions and custody may also involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments.

The risks of foreign investments are typically increased in less developed countries, which are sometimes referred to as emerging markets. Emerging markets countries may have less developed markets and legal and regulatory systems and may be susceptible to greater political and economic instability than developed markets. These countries are also more likely to experience high levels of inflation, deflation or currency devaluation, and investments in emerging markets countries may be more volatile and less liquid than U.S. investments. For these and other reasons, investments in emerging markets are often considered speculative.

Certain of these risks may also apply to some extent to U.S.-traded investments that are denominated in foreign currencies, investments in U.S. companies that are traded in foreign markets or investments in U.S. companies that have significant foreign operations.

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Industry focus.

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Global Consumer Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies in the consumer staples and consumer discretionary products and services industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the consumer staples and consumer discretionary products and services industries include companies

10  Prospectus 

 



primarily engaged in the manufacture, sale or distribution of consumer staples and consumer discretionary products and services. Consumer staples are generally essential products for which demand tends to remain stable over economic cycles, such as food, beverages, tobacco and household and personal care products. Consumer discretionary products and services are generally non-essential products and services for which demand tends to increase as consumers’ disposable income increases, such as automobiles, apparel, electronics, home furnishings, and travel and leisure products and services. We consider a company to be in the consumer staples and consumer discretionary products and services industries if at the time of investment we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers the company to be in these industries.

Events that affect the consumer staples and consumer discretionary products and services industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. For example, the consumer staples industries can be significantly affected by demographic and product trends, competitive pricing, marketing campaigns, environmental factors, government regulation, the performance of the overall economy, interest rates and consumer confidence. Similarly, the consumer discretionary industries can be significantly affected by the performance of the overall economy, interest rates, competition, consumer confidence, disposable household income and consumer spending, and changes in demographics and consumer tastes.

Global Financials Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies in the financial services industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the financial services industries include commercial and investment banks, savings and loans organizations, brokerage and asset management firms, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts and real estate investment and development companies. We consider a company to be in the financial services industries if at the time of investment we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers it to be in these industries.

Events that affect the financial services industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. For example, financial services companies can be significantly affected by availability and cost of capital funds and changes in interest rates, insurance claims activity and general

Prospectus  11 

 



economic conditions. Financial services companies are subject to extensive government regulations, which can limit the types and amounts of loans and other commitments they make and the interest rates and fees they charge and can have a significant impact on profitability. Losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers and declines in the value of assets can negatively impact the financial services industries. The financial services industries are also subject to relatively rapid changes as a result of industry consolidation trends which may result in distinctions between different financial service segments (for example, banking, insurance and brokerage businesses) becoming less clear. In the recent past, the financial services industries have experienced considerable financial distress, which has led to the implementation of government programs designed to ease that distress. Although we reserve the right to determine that it is appropriate to use alternative strategies that are mainly designed to limit losses, including investing solely in the United States, as of the date of this prospectus, we do not presently intend to do so.

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Global Health Care Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies in the health care industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the health care industries encompass two main groups of companies. The first group includes companies who manufacture health care supplies or provide health care-related services, including distributors of products, providers of basic health care services and owners and operators of care facilities and organizations. The second group includes companies in the research, development, production and marketing of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology products. We consider a company to be in the health care industries if, at the time of investment, we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers it to be in these industries.

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Events that affect the health care industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. Examples of such events include technological advances that make existing products and services obsolete, and changes in regulatory policies concerning approvals of new drugs, medical devices or procedures. In addition, changes in governmental payment systems and private payment systems, such as increased use of managed care arrangements, may be more likely to adversely affect the fund than if the fund were more widely diversified.

12  Prospectus 

 



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Global Industrials Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies in the industrial products, services or equipment industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the industrial products, services or equipment industries include companies involved in the research, development, manufacture, distribution, supply or sale of industrial products, services or equipment. These companies may include manufacturers of civil or military aerospace and defense equipment, building components and home improvement products and equipment, civil engineering firms and large-scale contractors, companies producing electrical components or equipment, manufacturers of industrial machinery and industrial components and products, providers of commercial printing services, and companies providing transportation services. We consider a company to be in the industrial products, services or equipment industries if at the time of investment we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers it to be in these industries.

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Events that affect the industrial products, services or equipment industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. For example, the industrial products, services and equipment industries can be significantly affected by general economic trends, changes in consumer sentiment and spending, commodity prices, technological obsolescence, labor relations, legislation, government regulations and spending, import controls, and worldwide competition, and can be subject to liability for environmental damage, depletion of resources, and mandated expenditures for safety and pollution control.

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Global Natural Resources Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies in the energy or other natural resources industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the energy or other natural resources industries include companies in the discovery, development, production or distribution of energy or other natural resources, the development of technologies for the production or efficient use of energy and other natural resources, or the furnishing of related supplies or services. We consider a company to be in the energy or other natural resources industries if at the time of investment we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers it to be in these industries.

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Prospectus  13 

 



Events that affect the energy or other natural resources industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. For example, changes in crude oil prices may affect both those industries that produce, refine and distribute petroleum products and industries that supply alternate sources of energy. In addition, certain natural resources industries are subject to greater governmental regulation than are other industries; therefore, changes in regulatory policies may be more likely to adversely affect this underlying fund.

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Global Technology Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies in the technology industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the technology industries include companies which have, or will develop, products, processes or services that will provide advances and improvement through technology to consumers, enterprises and governments worldwide. We consider a company to be in the technology industries if at the time of investment we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers it to be in these industries.

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Events that affect the technology industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. For example, the technology industries can be significantly affected by obsolescence of existing technology, technological innovations, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competitive pressures such as new market entrants and aggressive pricing, and general economic conditions.

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Global Telecommunications Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies in the telecommunication industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the telecommunication industries include companies which primarily develop, manufacture or sell communications services or communications equipment. We consider a company to be in the telecommunication industries if at the time of investment we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers it to be in these industries.

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14  Prospectus 

 



Events that affect the telecommunication industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. For example, the telecommunication industries can be significantly affected by federal and state government regulation of rates of return and services that may be offered, failure to obtain, or delays in obtaining, financial or regulatory approval, intense competition, communications equipment product incompatibility, changing consumer preferences, technological obsolescence, significant capital expenditures and heavy debt burdens.

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Global Utilities Fund — Under normal circumstances, we invest at least 80% of this underlying fund’s net assets in securities of companies worldwide in the utilities industries. This policy may be changed only after 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Companies that we consider to be in the utilities industries include electric, gas or water utilities and companies that operate as independent producers and/or distributors of power. We consider a company to be in the utilities industries if, at the time of investment, we determine that at least 50% of the company’s assets, revenues or profits are derived from these industries, or if an independent industry source considers it to be in these industries.

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Events that affect the utilities industries will have a greater effect on this underlying fund than they would on a fund that is more widely diversified among a number of unrelated industries. Examples of such events include increases in fuel and other operating costs, and technological advances that make existing plants, equipment or products obsolete. In addition, changes in regulatory policies concerning the environment, energy conservation, nuclear power and utility pricing, as well as deregulation of certain utility services, may be more likely to adversely affect this underlying fund.

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Derivatives. An underlying fund may engage in a variety of transactions involving derivatives, such as futures, certain foreign currency transactions, options, warrants and swap contracts. Derivatives are financial instruments whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying investments, pools of investments, indexes or currencies. We may make use of “short” derivatives positions, the values of which move in the opposite direction from the price of the underlying investment, pool of investments, index or currency. We may use derivatives both for hedging and non-hedging purposes. For example, we may use foreign currency transactions to increase or decrease an underlying fund’s exposure to a particular currency or group of currencies. We may also use

Prospectus  15 

 



derivatives as a substitute for a direct investment in the securities of one or more issuers. However, we may also choose not to use derivatives, based on our evaluation of market conditions or the availability of suitable derivatives. Investments in derivatives may be applied toward meeting a requirement to invest in a particular kind of investment if the derivatives have economic characteristics similar to that investment.

Derivatives involve special risks and may result in losses. The successful use of derivatives depends on our ability to manage these sophisticated instruments. Some derivatives are “leveraged,” which means that they provide an underlying fund with investment exposure greater than the value of the fund’s investment in the derivatives. As a result, these derivatives may magnify or otherwise increase investment losses to the underlying fund. The risk of loss from certain short derivatives positions is theoretically unlimited. The prices of derivatives may move in unexpected ways due to the use of leverage or other factors, especially in unusual market conditions, and may result in increased volatility.

Other risks arise from the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions. A liquid secondary market may not always exist for an underlying fund’s derivatives positions at any time. In fact, many over-the-counter instruments (investments not traded on an exchange) will not be liquid. Over-the-counter instruments also involve the risk that the other party to the derivatives transaction will not meet its obligations. For further information about the risks of derivatives, see Miscellaneous Investments, Investment Practices and Risks in the SAI.

Small and midsize companies. These companies, some of which may have a market capitalization of less than $1 billion, are more likely than larger companies to have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or to depend on a small, inexperienced management group. Stocks of these companies often trade less frequently and in limited volume, and their prices may fluctuate more than stocks of large companies. Stocks of small and midsize companies may therefore be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies. Small companies in foreign countries could be relatively smaller than those in the United States.

Short sales. An underlying fund may engage in short sales, which are transactions in which an underlying fund sells a security it does not own to a third party by borrowing the security in anticipation of purchasing the same security at the market price on a later date to close out the short position. The price this underlying fund pays at the later date may be more or less than the price at which an underlying fund sold the security. If the price of the

16  Prospectus 

 



security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the underlying fund replaces the borrowed security, an underlying fund will incur a loss which is theoretically unlimited. An underlying fund’s investment strategy of reinvesting proceeds received from selling securities short may effectively create leverage, which can amplify the effects of market volatility on an underlying fund’s share price and make an underlying fund’s returns more volatile. This is because leverage tends to magnify the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of an underlying fund’s portfolio securities. The use of leverage may also cause an underlying fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.

Other investments. In addition to the main investment strategies described above, the underlying funds may make other types of investments, such as investments in preferred stocks, convertible securities and debt instruments. An underlying fund may also loan its portfolio securities to earn income. These practices may be subject to other risks, as described under the heading Miscellaneous Investments, Investment Practices and Risks in the SAI.

Alternative strategies. At times we may judge that market conditions make pursuing a fund’s usual investment strategies inconsistent with the best interests of its shareholders. We then may temporarily invest some or all of the underlying fund’s assets using alternative strategies that are mainly designed to limit losses, including investing solely in the United States. However, we may choose not to use these strategies for a variety of reasons, even in very volatile market conditions. These strategies may cause an underlying fund to miss out on investment opportunities, and may prevent the fund from achieving its goal.

Changes in policies. The Trustees may change the fund’s or an underlying fund’s goal, investment strategies and other policies set forth in the prospectus without shareholder approval, except as otherwise provided.

Portfolio turnover rate. A fund’s portfolio turnover rate measures how frequently the fund buys and sells investments. A portfolio turnover rate of 100%, for example, would mean that the fund sold and replaced securities valued at 100% of the fund’s assets within a one-year period. From time to time an underlying fund may engage in frequent trading. Funds with high turnover may be more likely to realize capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as taxable income. High turnover may also cause a fund to pay more brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, which may detract from performance. A fund’s portfolio turnover rate and the amount of brokerage commissions it pays will vary over time based on market conditions.

Prospectus  17 

 



Portfolio holdings. The SAI includes a description of the fund’s and each underlying fund’s policies with respect to the disclosure of its portfolio holdings. For more specific information on the fund’s portfolio, you may visit the Putnam Investments website, putnam.com/individual, where the fund’s full portfolio holdings may be viewed monthly beginning approximately 15 days after the end of each month. Each underlying fund’s top 10 holdings and related portfolio information may be viewed monthly beginning approximately 15 days after the end of each month, and full portfolio holdings of each fund may be viewed beginning on the last business day of the month after the end of each calendar quarter. This information will remain available on the website until the fund files a Form N-CSR or N-Q with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the period that includes the date of the information, after which such information can be found on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

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Who oversees and manages the fund?

The fund’s Trustees

As a shareholder of a mutual fund, you have certain rights and protections, including representation by a Board of Trustees. The Putnam Funds’ Board of Trustees oversees the general conduct of the fund’s business and represents the interests of the Putnam fund shareholders. At least 75% of the members of the Putnam Funds’ Board of Trustees are independent, which means they are not officers of the fund or affiliated with Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management).

The Trustees periodically review the fund’s investment performance and the quality of other services such as administration, custody, and investor services. At least annually, the Trustees review the fees paid to Putnam Management and its affiliates for providing or overseeing these services, as well as the overall level of the fund’s operating expenses. In carrying out their responsibilities, the Trustees are assisted by an administrative staff, auditors and legal counsel that are selected by the Trustees and are independent of Putnam Management and its affiliates.

Contacting the fund’s Trustees
Address correspondence to:
The Putnam Funds Trustees
One Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02109

18  Prospectus 

 



The fund’s investment manager

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The Trustees have retained Putnam Management, which has managed mutual funds since 1937, to be the fund’s investment manager, responsible for making investment decisions for the fund and managing the fund’s other affairs and business. The basis for the Trustees’ approval of the fund’s management contract and the sub-management and sub-advisory contracts described below is discussed in the fund’s annual report to shareholders dated October 31, 2011.

The fund pays no management fee to Putnam Management. However, Putnam Management receives management fees from the underlying Putnam funds. Because the management fees paid to Putnam Management by the underlying funds vary, there may be a conflict in establishing and adjusting the fund’s target percentage allocations among the underlying funds between the interests of the funds and Putnam Management’s economic interest. Putnam Management’s address is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109.

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Putnam Management has retained its affiliate Putnam Investments Limited (PIL) to make investment decisions for such fund assets as may be designated from time to time for its management by Putnam Management. Putnam Management (and not the fund) will pay a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average aggregate net asset value of any fund assets managed by PIL. PIL, which provides a full range of international investment advisory services to institutional clients, is located at Cassini House, 57–59 St James’s Street, London, England, SW1A 1LD.

Putnam Management and PIL have retained their affiliate The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC) to make investment decisions for such fund assets as may be designated from time to time for its management by Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable. Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable (and not the fund), will pay a quarterly sub-advisory fee to PAC for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average aggregate net asset value of any fund assets managed by PAC. PAC, which provides financial services to institutions and individuals through separately-managed accounts and pooled investment vehicles, has its headquarters at One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109, with additional investment management personnel located in Singapore.

Pursuant to these arrangements, Putnam investment professionals who are based in foreign jurisdictions may serve as portfolio managers of the fund or provide other investment services, consistent with local regulations.

Prospectus  19 

 



• Portfolio managers. The officers of Putnam Management identified below are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the fund’s portfolio.

Portfolio managers  Joined fund  Employer  Positions over past five years 
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Aaron Cooper  2011  Putnam Management  Director of Global Equity 
    2011 – Present  Research 
    Fidelity Investments  Managing Director of Research 
    2007 – 2011   
 
Jacquelyne  2012  Putnam Management  Analyst 
Cavanaugh    2011 – Present   
    Janus Capital Group  Senior Equity Analyst 
    2005 – 2011   
 
Kelsey Chen  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
    2000 – Present   
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Timothy  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
Codrington    1997 – Present   
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Steven Curbow  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
December 2008 –   
    Present   
    Independence  Analyst, Portfolio Manager, 
    Investments, L.L.C.  Director of Fundamental 
    1999 – 2008  Research 
    Previously, Quantitative Analyst 
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Vivek Gandhi  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
  1999 – Present   
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George Gianarikas  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
    2009 – Present   
    Wellington  Global Industry Analyst 
    Management   
    Company   
    2007 – 2008   
    RiverSource  Equity Analyst 
    Investments   
    2003 – 2007   
 
David Morgan  2010  Putnam Investments  Analyst 
    Limited   
    2004 – Present   
    Citigroup Asset  Director, Equity Analyst, 
    Management  European Financials 
    1995 – 2004   
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John Morgan  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
    1994 – Present   
 
Ferat Ongoren  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
June 2009 – Present   
    Citigroup, Inc.  Director, Industrials Sector 
    1997 – 2009   
 
Nathaniel Salter  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
    2001 – Present   
 
Walter Scully  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
    1996 – Present   
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Christopher Stevo  2010  Putnam Management  Analyst 
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20  Prospectus 

 



The SAI provides information about these individuals’ compensation, other accounts managed by these individuals and these individuals’ ownership of securities in the fund.

How does the fund price its shares?

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The price of the fund’s shares is based on its net asset value (NAV), which is in turn based on the NAV of the underlying funds in which it invests. For a description of the circumstances under which the underlying funds use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing, please see the underlying funds’ prospectuses. The NAV per share of each class equals the total value of its assets, less its liabilities, divided by the number of its outstanding shares. Shares are only valued as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE each day the exchange is open.

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How do I buy fund shares?

Opening an account

You can open a fund account and purchase class A, B, C, and M shares by contacting your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581 and obtaining a Putnam account application. The completed application, along with a check made payable to the fund, must then be returned to Putnam Investor Services at the following address:

Putnam Investor Services
P.O. Box 8383
Boston, MA 02266-8383

You can open a fund account with as little as $500. The minimum investment is waived if you make regular investments weekly, semi-monthly or monthly through automatic deductions from your bank checking or savings account. Although Putnam is currently waiving the minimum, it reserves the right to reject initial investments under the minimum at its discretion.

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The fund sells its shares at the offering price, which is the NAV plus any applicable sales charge (class A and class M shares only). Your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services generally must receive your completed buy order before the close of regular trading on the NYSE for your shares to be bought at that day’s offering price.

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If you participate in a retirement plan that offers the fund, please consult your employer for information on how to purchase shares of the fund through the plan, including any restrictions or limitations that may apply.

Prospectus  21 

 



Mutual funds must obtain and verify information that identifies investors opening new accounts. If the fund is unable to collect the required information, Putnam Investor Services may not be able to open your fund account. Investors must provide their full name, residential or business address, Social Security or tax identification number, and date of birth. Entities, such as trusts, estates, corporations and partnerships, must also provide other identifying information. Putnam Investor Services may share identifying information with third parties for the purpose of verification. If Putnam Investor Services cannot verify identifying information after opening your account, the fund reserves the right to close your account.

Also, the fund may periodically close to new purchases of shares or refuse any order to buy shares if the fund determines that doing so would be in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

Purchasing additional shares

Once you have an existing account, you can make additional investments at any time in any amount in the following ways:

Through a financial representative. Your representative will be responsible for furnishing all necessary documents to Putnam Investor Services and may charge you for his or her services.

Through Putnam’s Systematic Investing Program. You can make regular investments weekly, semi-monthly or monthly through automatic deductions from your bank checking or savings account.

Via the Internet or phone. If you have an existing Putnam fund account and you have completed and returned an Electronic Investment Authorization Form, you can buy additional shares online at putnam.com or by calling Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581.

By mail. You may also request a book of investment stubs for your account. Complete an investment stub and write a check for the amount you wish to invest, payable to the fund. Return the check and investment stub to Putnam Investor Services.

By wire transfer. You may buy fund shares by bank wire transfer of same-day funds. Please call Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581 for wiring instructions. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds by wire. The fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the fund’s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you for wiring same-day funds. Although the fund’s designated bank does not currently charge you for receiving same-day funds, it reserves the right to charge for this service. You cannot buy shares for tax-qualified retirement plans by wire transfer.

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Which class of shares is best for me?

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This prospectus offers you four classes of fund shares: A, B, C and M. Qualified employee-benefit plans may also choose class R shares, and certain investors described below may also choose class Y shares. Each share class represents investments in the same portfolio of securities, but each class has its own sales charge and expense structure, allowing you and your financial representative to choose the class that best suits your investment needs. When you purchase shares of a fund, you must choose a share class. Deciding which share class best suits your situation depends on a number of factors that you should discuss with your financial representative, including:

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How long you expect to hold your investment. Class B shares charge a contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) on redemptions that is phased out over the first six years; class C shares charge a CDSC on redemptions in the first year.

How much you intend to invest. While investments of less than $100,000 can be made in any share class, classes A and M offer sales charge discounts starting at $50,000.

Total expenses associated with each share class. As shown in the section entitled Fund summary — Fees and expenses, each share class offers a different combination of up-front and ongoing expenses. Generally, the lower the up-front sales charge, the greater the ongoing expenses.

Here is a summary of the differences among the classes of shares

Class A shares

• Initial sales charge of up to 5.75%

• Lower sales charges available for investments of $50,000 or more

• No deferred sales charge (except that a deferred sales charge of 1.00% may be imposed on certain redemptions of shares bought without an initial sales charge)

• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class B, C or M shares because of lower 12b-1 fees.

Class B shares

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• Deferred sales charge of up to 5.00% if shares are sold within six years of purchase

• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A or M shares because of higher 12b-1 fees

• Convert automatically to class A shares after eight years, thereby reducing future 12b-1 fees

Prospectus  23 

 



• Orders for class B shares of one or more Putnam funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation for purchases of class A shares (as described below), is $100,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $100,000 or more should consider whether class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial representative.

Class C shares

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• Deferred sales charge of 1.00% if shares are sold within one year of purchase

• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A or M shares because of higher 12b-1 fees

• No conversion to class A shares, so future 12b-1 fees do not decline over time

• Orders for class C shares of one or more Putnam funds, other than class C shares sold to qualified employee-benefit plans, will be refused when the total value of the purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation for purchases of class A shares (as described below), is $1,000,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $1,000,000 or more should consider whether class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial representative.

Class M shares

• Initial sales charge of up to 3.50%

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• Lower sales charges available for investments of $50,000 or more

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• No deferred sales charge (except that a deferred sales charge of 0.65% may be imposed on certain redemptions of shares bought without an initial sales charge)

• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class B or C shares because of lower 12b-1 fees

• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A shares because of higher 12b-1 fees

• No conversion to class A shares, so future 12b-1 fees do not decline over time

• Orders for class M shares of one or more Putnam funds, other than class M shares sold to qualified employee-benefit plans, will be refused when the total value of the purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation for purchases of class A shares (as described below), is $1,000,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $1,000,000 or more should consider whether class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial representative.

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Class R shares (available to qualified plans only)

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• No deferred sales charge

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• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class B, C or M shares because of lower 12b-1 fees

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• Higher annual expenses, and lower dividends, than class A shares because of higher 12b-1 fees

• No conversion to class A shares, so future 12b-1 fees do not decline over time.

Class Y shares (available only to investors listed below)

The following investors may purchase class Y shares if approved by Putnam:

• qualified retirement plans that are clients of third-party administrators (including affiliates of Putnam) that have entered into agreements with Putnam and offer institutional share class pricing (no sales charge or 12b-1 fee);

• bank trust departments and trust companies that have entered into agreements with Putnam and offer institutional share class pricing to their clients;

• corporate IRAs administered by Putnam, if another retirement plan of the sponsor is eligible to purchase class Y shares;

• college savings plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment under Section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code;

• other Putnam funds and Putnam investment products;

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• investors purchasing shares through an asset-based fee program that regularly offers institutional share classes and that is sponsored by a registered broker-dealer or other financial institution that has entered into an agreement with Putnam;

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• clients of a financial representative who are charged a fee for consulting or similar services;

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• corporations, endowments, and foundations that have entered into an arrangement with Putnam; and

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• fee-paying clients of a registered investment advisor (RIA) who initially invests for clients an aggregate of at least $100,000 in Putnam funds through a fund “supermarket” or other mutual fund trading platform sponsored by a broker-dealer or trust company of which the RIA is not an affiliated or associated person and which has entered into an agreement with Putnam.

Trust companies or bank trust departments that purchased class Y shares for trust accounts may transfer them to the beneficiaries of the trust accounts, who may continue to hold them or exchange them for class Y shares of other Putnam funds. Defined contribution plans (including corporate IRAs)

Prospectus  25 

 



that purchased class Y shares under prior eligibility criteria may continue to purchase class Y shares.

• No initial sales charge; your entire investment goes to work immediately

• No deferred sales charge

• Lower annual expenses, and higher dividends, than class A, B, C, M or R shares because of no 12b-1 fees.

Initial sales charges for class A and M shares

  Class A sales charge as  Class M sales charge as 
  a percentage of*:  a percentage of*: 
Amount of purchase at offering  Net amount  Offering  Net amount  Offering 
price ($)  invested  price**  invested  price** 
Under 50,000  6.10%  5.75%  3.63%  3.50% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.71  4.50  2.56  2.50 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.63  3.50  1.52  1.50 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.56  2.50  1.01  1.00 
500,000 but under 1,000,000  2.04  2.00  1.01  1.00 
1,000,000 and above  NONE  NONE  NONE  NONE 


* Because of rounding in the calculation of offering price and the number of shares purchased, actual sales charges you pay may be more or less than these percentages.

** Offering price includes sales charge.

Reducing your class A or class M sales charge

The fund offers two principal ways for you to qualify for discounts on initial sales charges on class A and class M shares, often referred to as “breakpoint discounts”:

• Right of accumulation. You can add the amount of your current purchases of class A or class M shares of the fund and other Putnam funds to the value of your existing accounts in the fund and other Putnam funds. Individuals can also include purchases by, and accounts owned by, their spouse and minor children, including accounts established through different financial representatives. For your current purchases, you will pay the initial sales charge applicable to the total value of the linked accounts and purchases, which may be lower than the sales charge otherwise applicable to each of your current purchases. Shares of Putnam money market funds, other than money market fund shares acquired by exchange from other Putnam funds, are not included for purposes of the right of accumulation.

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To calculate the total value of your existing accounts and any linked accounts, the fund will use the higher of (a) the current maximum public offering price of those shares or (b) if you purchased the shares after December 31, 2007, the market value at maximum public offering price on that date, in either case,

26  Prospectus 

 



less the market value of shares redeemed on the applicable redemption date of any of those shares that you have redeemed.

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• Statement of intention. A statement of intention is a document in which you agree to make purchases of class A or class M shares in a specified amount within a period of 13 months. For each purchase you make under the statement of intention, you will pay the initial sales charge applicable to the total amount you have agreed to purchase. While a statement of intention is not a binding obligation on you, if you do not purchase the full amount of shares within 13 months, the fund will redeem shares from your account in an amount equal to the difference between the higher initial sales charge you would have paid in the absence of the statement of intention and the initial sales charge you actually paid.

Account types that may be linked with each other to obtain breakpoint discounts using the methods described above include:

• Individual accounts

• Joint accounts

• Accounts established as part of a retirement plan and IRA accounts (some restrictions may apply)

• Shares of Putnam funds owned through accounts in the name of your dealer or other financial intermediary (with documentation identifying beneficial ownership of shares)

• Accounts held as part of a Section 529 college savings plan managed by Putnam Management (some restrictions may apply)

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In order to obtain a breakpoint discount, you should inform your financial representative at the time you purchase shares of the existence of other accounts or purchases that are eligible to be linked for the purpose of calculating the initial sales charge. The fund or your financial representative may ask you for records or other information about other shares held in your accounts and linked accounts, including accounts opened with a different financial representative. Restrictions may apply to certain accounts and transactions. Further details about breakpoint discounts can be found on Putnam Investments’ website at putnam.com/individual by selecting Investment Choices, then Mutual Funds, and then Pricing policies, and in the SAI.

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Additional reductions and waivers of sales charges. In addition to the breakpoint discount methods described above, sales charges may be reduced or waived under certain circumstances and for certain categories of investors. For instance, an employer-sponsored retirement plan is eligible to purchase class A shares without sales charges if its plan administrator or dealer of record has entered into an agreement with Putnam Retail

Prospectus  27 

 



Management. Information about reductions and waivers of sales charges, including deferred sales charges, is included in the SAI. You may consult your financial representative or Putnam Retail Management for assistance.

How do I sell or exchange fund shares?

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You can sell your shares back to the fund or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund any day the NYSE is open, either through your financial representative or directly to the fund. (See Policy on excessive short-term trading regarding sales or exchanges made within 90 days of purchase.) If you redeem your shares shortly after purchasing them, your redemption payment for the shares may be delayed until the fund collects the purchase price of the shares, which may be up to 10 calendar days after the purchase date.

Regarding exchanges, not all Putnam funds offer all classes of shares or may be open to new investors. If you exchange shares otherwise subject to a deferred sales charge, the transaction will not be subject to the deferred sales charge. When you redeem the shares acquired through the exchange, however, the redemption may be subject to the deferred sales charge, depending upon when and from which fund you originally purchased the shares. The deferred sales charge will be computed using the schedule of any fund into or from which you have exchanged your shares that would result in your paying the highest deferred sales charge applicable to your class of shares. For purposes of computing the deferred sales charge, the length of time you have owned your shares will be measured from the date of original purchase, unless you originally purchased the shares from another Putnam fund that does not directly charge a deferred sales charge, in which case the length of time you have owned your shares will be measured from the date you exchange those shares for shares of another Putnam fund that does charge a deferred sales charge, and will not be affected by any subsequent exchanges among funds.

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Selling or exchanging shares through your financial representative.

Your representative must receive your request in proper form before the close of regular trading on the NYSE for you to receive that day’s NAV, less any applicable deferred sales charge and short-term trading fee. Your representative will be responsible for furnishing all necessary documents to Putnam Investor Services on a timely basis and may charge you for his or her services.

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Selling or exchanging shares directly with the fund. Putnam Investor Services must receive your request in proper form before the close of regular trading on the NYSE in order to receive that day’s NAV, less any applicable deferred sales charge and short-term trading fee.

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28  Prospectus 

 



• By mail. Send a letter of instruction signed by all registered owners or their legal representatives to Putnam Investor Services.

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• By telephone. You may use Putnam’s telephone redemption privilege to redeem shares valued at less than $100,000 unless you have notified Putnam Investor Services of an address change within the preceding 15 days, in which case other requirements may apply. Unless you indicate otherwise on the account application, Putnam Investor Services will be authorized to accept redemption instructions received by telephone. A telephone exchange privilege is currently available for amounts up to $500,000. Sales or exchange of shares by the telephone is not permitted if there are certificates for your shares. The telephone redemption and exchange privileges may be modified or terminated without notice.

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• Via the Internet. You may also exchange shares via the Internet at putnam.com/individual.

Shares held through your employer’s retirement plan. For information on how to sell or exchange shares of the fund that were purchased through your employer’s retirement plan, including any restrictions and charges that the plan may impose, please consult your employer.

Additional requirements. In certain situations, for example, if you sell shares with a value of $100,000 or more, the signatures of all registered owners or their legal representatives must be guaranteed by a bank, broker-dealer or certain other financial institutions. In addition, Putnam Investor Services usually requires additional documents for the sale of shares by a corporation, partnership, agent or fiduciary, or surviving joint owner. For more information concerning Putnam’s signature guarantee and documentation requirements, contact Putnam Investor Services.

The fund also reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege, limit the amount or number of exchanges or reject any exchange. The fund into which you would like to exchange may also reject your exchange. These actions may apply to all shareholders or only to those shareholders whose exchanges Putnam Management determines are likely to have a negative effect on the fund or other Putnam funds. Consult Putnam Investor Services before requesting an exchange. Ask your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services for prospectuses of other Putnam funds. Some Putnam funds are not available in all states.

Prospectus  29 

 



Deferred sales charges for class B, class C and certain class A and class M shares

If you sell (redeem) class B shares within six years of purchase, you will generally pay a deferred sales charge according to the following schedule:

Year after purchase  1  2  3  4  5  6  7+ 
 
Charge  5%  4%  3%  3%  2%  1%  0% 

 

A deferred sales charge of 1.00% will apply to class C shares if redeemed within one year of purchase. Unless otherwise agreed with Putnam Retail Management, class A shares that are part of a purchase of $1 million or more (other than by a qualified retirement plan) will be subject to a 1.00% deferred sales charge if redeemed within nine months of purchase. A deferred sales charge of 0.65% may apply to class M shares purchased without a sales charge for certain rollover IRA accounts if redeemed within one year of purchase.

Deferred sales charges will be based on the lower of the shares’ cost and current NAV. Shares not subject to any charge will be redeemed first, followed by shares held longest. You may sell shares acquired by reinvestment of distributions without a charge at any time.

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Payment information. The fund generally sends you payment for your shares the business day after your request is received. Under unusual circumstances, the fund may suspend redemptions, or postpone payment for more than seven days, as permitted by federal securities law. You will not receive interest on uncashed redemption checks.

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Redemption by the fund. If you own fewer shares than the minimum set by the Trustees (presently 20 shares) , the fund may redeem your shares without your permission and send you the proceeds after providing you with at least 60 days’ notice to attain the minimum. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the fund may also redeem shares if you own more than a maximum amount set by the Trustees. There is presently no maximum, but the Trustees could set a maximum that would apply to both present and future shareholders.

Policy on excessive short-term trading

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• Risks of excessive short-term trading. Excessive short-term trading activity may reduce the fund’s performance and harm all fund shareholders by interfering with portfolio management, increasing the fund’s expenses and diluting the fund’s NAV. Depending on the size and frequency of short-term trades in the fund’s shares, the fund may experience increased cash volatility, which could require the fund to maintain undesirably large cash positions or buy or sell portfolio securities it would not have bought or sold otherwise. The need to execute additional portfolio transactions due to these cash flows

30  Prospectus 

 



may also increase the fund’s brokerage and administrative costs and, for investors in taxable accounts, may increase taxable distributions received from the fund.

Because the fund invests in underlying funds that invest in foreign securities, its performance may be adversely impacted and the interests of longer-term shareholders may be diluted as a result of time-zone arbitrage, a short-term trading practice that seeks to exploit changes in the value of the fund’s investments that result from events occurring after the close of the foreign markets on which the investments trade, but prior to the later close of trading on the NYSE, the time as of which the fund determines its NAV. If an arbitrageur is successful, he or she may dilute the interests of other shareholders by trading shares at prices that do not fully reflect their fair value.

When an underlying fund invests in securities that may trade infrequently or may be more difficult to value, such as securities of smaller companies, it may be susceptible to trading by short-term traders who seek to exploit perceived price inefficiencies in the fund’s investments. In addition, the market for securities of smaller companies may at times show “market momentum,” in which positive or negative performance may continue from one day to the next for reasons unrelated to the fundamentals of the issuer. Short-term traders may seek to capture this momentum by trading frequently in the fund’s shares, which will reduce the fund’s performance and may dilute the interests of other shareholders. Because securities of smaller companies may be less liquid than securities of larger companies, an underlying fund may also be unable to buy or sell these securities at desirable prices when the need arises (for example, in response to volatile cash flows caused by short-term trading). Similar risks may apply if a fund holds other types of less liquid securities, including below-investment-grade bonds.

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The fund may be adversely affected when an underlying fund in which it invests is harmed by excessive short-term trading.

• Fund policies. In order to protect the interests of long-term shareholders of the fund, Putnam Management and the fund’s Trustees have adopted policies and procedures intended to discourage excessive short-term trading. The fund seeks to discourage excessive short-term trading by imposing short-term trading fees and using fair value pricing procedures to value investments under some circumstances. In addition, Putnam Management monitors activity in those shareholder accounts about which it possesses the necessary information in order to detect excessive short-term trading patterns and takes steps to deter excessive short-term traders.

Prospectus  31 

 



Short-term trading fee. The fund will impose a short-term trading fee of 1.00% of the total redemption amount (calculated at market value) if you sell or exchange your shares after holding them for 90 days or less (including if you purchased the shares by exchange). The short-term trading fee is paid directly to the fund and is designed to offset brokerage commissions, market impact and other costs associated with short-term trading. The short-term trading fee will not apply in certain circumstances, such as redemptions in the event of shareholder death or post-purchase disability, redemptions from certain omnibus accounts, redemptions made as part of a systematic withdrawal plan, and redemptions from certain wrap accounts or automatic rebalancing arrangements with respect to which Putnam Retail Management and a dealer have entered into an agreement. The fee will not apply to shares sold or exchanged by a Section 529 college savings plan or a Putnam fund-of-funds, or to redemptions for the purpose of paying benefits pursuant to tax-qualified retirement plans. In addition, for investors in defined contribution plans administered by Putnam, the short-term trading fee applies only to exchanges of shares purchased by exchange, and will not apply to redemptions to pay distributions or loans from such plans, redemptions of shares purchased directly with contributions by a plan participant or sponsor and redemptions of shares purchased in connection with loan repayments. These exceptions may also apply to defined contribution plans administered by third parties that assess the fund’s short-term trading fee. For purposes of determining whether the short-term trading fee applies, the shares that were held the longest will be redeemed first. Some financial intermediaries, retirement plan sponsors or recordkeepers that hold omnibus accounts with the fund are currently unable or unwilling to assess the fund’s short-term trading fee. Some of these firms use different systems or criteria to assess fees that are currently higher than, and in some cases in addition to, the fund’s short-term trading fee.

Account monitoring. Putnam Management’s Compliance Department currently uses multiple reporting tools to monitor activity in retail customer accounts for which Putnam Investor Services maintains records. This review is based on the fund’s internal parameters for detecting excessive short-term trading, which consider the number of “round trip” transactions above a specified dollar amount within a specified period of time. These parameters may change from time to time. If a monitored account engages in short-term trading that Putnam Management or the fund considers to be excessive or inappropriate, Putnam Management will issue the investor and his or her financial intermediary, if any, a written warning. Continued excessive short-term trading activity by an investor or intermediary that has received a warning may lead to the termination of the exchange privilege. The fund also

32  Prospectus 

 



reserves the right to terminate the exchange privilege without a warning. In addition, Putnam Management will also communicate instances of excessive short-term trading to the compliance staff of an investor’s broker, if one is identified.

Account restrictions. In addition to enforcing these exchange parameters, Putnam Management and the fund reserve the right to reject or restrict purchases or exchanges for any reason. Putnam Management or the fund may determine that an investor’s trading activity is excessive or otherwise potentially harmful based on various factors, including an investor’s or financial intermediary’s trading history in the fund, other Putnam funds or other investment products, and may aggregate activity in multiple accounts under common ownership or control. If the fund identifies an investor or intermediary as a potential excessive trader, it may, among other things, require further trades to be submitted by mail rather than by phone or over the Internet, impose limitations on the amount, number, or frequency of future purchases or exchanges, or temporarily or permanently bar the investor or intermediary from investing in the fund or other Putnam funds. The fund may take these steps in its discretion even if the investor’s activity may not have been detected by the fund’s current monitoring parameters.

Limitations on the fund’s policies. There is no guarantee that the fund will be able to detect excessive short-term trading in all accounts. For example, Putnam Management currently does not have access to sufficient information to identify each investor’s trading history, and in certain circumstances there are operational or technological constraints on its ability to enforce the fund’s policies. In addition, even when Putnam Management has sufficient information, its detection methods may not capture all excessive short-term trading.

In particular, many purchase, redemption and exchange orders are received from financial intermediaries that hold omnibus accounts with the fund. Omnibus accounts, in which shares are held in the name of an intermediary on behalf of multiple beneficial owners, are a common form of holding shares among retirement plans and financial intermediaries such as brokers, advisers and third-party administrators. The fund is generally not able to identify trading by a particular beneficial owner within an omnibus account, which makes it difficult or impossible to determine if a particular shareholder is engaging in excessive short-term trading. Putnam Management monitors aggregate cash flows in omnibus accounts on an ongoing basis. If high cash flows or other information indicate that excessive short-term trading may be taking place, Putnam Management will contact the financial intermediary, plan sponsor or recordkeeper that maintains accounts for the beneficial owner and attempt to identify and remedy any excessive trading. However, the fund’s ability to monitor and deter excessive short-term traders in

Prospectus  33 

 



omnibus accounts ultimately depends on the capabilities and cooperation of these third-party financial firms. A financial intermediary or plan sponsor may impose different or additional limits on short-term trading.

Distribution plans and payments to dealers

Putnam funds are distributed primarily through dealers (including any broker, dealer, bank, bank trust department, registered investment advisor, financial planner, retirement plan administrator, and any other institution having a selling, services, or any similar agreement with Putnam Retail Management or one of its affiliates). In order to pay for the marketing of fund shares and services provided to shareholders, the fund has adopted distribution and service (12b-1) plans, which increase the annual operating expenses you pay each year in certain share classes, as shown in the table of annual fund operating expenses in the section Fund summary — Fees and expenses. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates also make additional payments to dealers that do not increase your fund expenses, as described below.

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Distribution and service (12b-1) plans. The fund’s 12b-1 plans provide for payments at annual rates (based on average net assets) of up to 0.35% on class A shares and 1.00% on class B, class C, class M and class R shares. The Trustees currently limit payments on class A, class M and class R shares to 0.25%, 0.75% and 0.50% of average net assets, respectively. Because these fees are paid out of the fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, they will increase the cost of your investment. The higher fees for class B, class C, class M and class R shares may cost you more over time than paying the initial sales charge for class A shares. Because class C and class M shares, unlike class B shares, do not convert to class A shares, class C and class M shares may cost you more over time than class B shares. Class R shares will generally be less expensive than class B shares for shareholders who are eligible to purchase either class. Class Y shares, for shareholders who are eligible to purchase them, will be less expensive than other classes of shares because they do not bear sales charges or 12b-1 fees.

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Payments to dealers. If you purchase your shares through a dealer, your dealer generally receives payments from Putnam Retail Management representing some or all of the sales charges and distribution and service (12b-1) fees, if any, shown in the tables under the heading Fund summary — Fees and expenses at the front of this prospectus.

Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates also pay additional compensation to selected dealers in recognition of their marketing support and/or program servicing (each of which is described in more detail below). These payments may create an incentive for a dealer firm or its

34  Prospectus 

 



representatives to recommend or offer shares of the fund or other Putnam funds to its customers. These additional payments are made by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and do not increase the amount paid by you or the fund as shown under the heading Fund summary — Fees and expenses.

The additional payments to dealers by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates are generally based on one or more of the following factors: average net assets of a fund attributable to that dealer, sales or net sales of a fund attributable to that dealer, or reimbursement of ticket charges (fees that a dealer firm charges its representatives for effecting transactions in fund shares), or on the basis of a negotiated lump sum payment for services provided.

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Marketing support payments are generally available to most dealers engaging in significant sales of Putnam fund shares. These payments are individually negotiated with each dealer firm, taking into account the marketing support services provided by the dealer, including business planning assistance, educating dealer personnel about the Putnam funds and shareholder financial planning needs, placement on the dealer’s preferred or recommended fund company list, and access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the dealer, as well as the size of the dealer’s relationship with Putnam Retail Management. Although the total amount of marketing support payments made to dealers in any year may vary, on average, the aggregate payments are not expected, on an annual basis, to exceed 0.085% of the average net assets of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to the dealers.

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Program servicing payments, which are paid in some instances to dealers in connection with investments in the fund by retirement plans and other investment programs, are not expected, with certain limited exceptions, to exceed 0.20% of the total assets in the program on an annual basis. These payments are made for program services provided by the dealer, including participant recordkeeping, reporting, or transaction processing, as well as services rendered in connection with fund/investment selection and monitoring, employee enrollment and education, plan balance rollover or separation, or other similar services.

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You can find a list of all dealers to which Putnam made marketing support and/or program servicing payments in 2011 in the SAI, which is on file with the SEC and is also available on Putnam’s website at putnam.com. You can also find other details in the SAI about the payments made by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and the services provided by your dealer. Your dealer may charge you fees or commissions in addition to those disclosed in this prospectus. You can also ask your dealer about any payments it receives

Prospectus  35 

 



from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and any services your dealer provides, as well as about fees and/or commissions it charges.

</R>

• Other payments. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates may make other payments (including payments in connection with educational seminars or conferences) or allow other promotional incentives to dealers to the extent permitted by SEC and NASD (as adopted by FINRA) rules and by other applicable laws and regulations. The fund’s transfer agent may also make payments to certain dealers in recognition of subaccounting or other services they provide to shareholders or plan participants who invest in the fund or other Putnam funds through their retirement plan. See the discussion in the SAI under the heading Management — Investor Servicing Agent for more details.

Fund distributions and taxes

The fund normally distributes any net investment income and any net realized capital gains annually. You may choose to reinvest distributions from net investment income, capital gains or both in additional shares of this fund or other Putnam funds, or you may receive them in cash in the form of a check or an electronic deposit to your bank account. If you do not select an option when you open your account, all distributions will be reinvested. If you choose to receive distributions in cash, but correspondence from the fund or Putnam Investor Services is returned as “undeliverable,” the distribution option on your account may be converted to reinvest future distributions in the fund. You will not receive interest on uncashed distribution checks.

For shares purchased through your employer’s retirement plan, the terms of the plan will govern how the plan may receive distributions from the fund.

<R>

For federal income tax purposes, distributions of net investment income are generally taxable to you as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the fund owned (or is deemed to have owned) the investments that generated them, rather than by how long you have owned (or are deemed to have owned) your shares. Distributions that the fund properly reports to you as gains from investments that the fund owned for more than one year are generally taxable to you as long-term capital gains. Distributions of gains from investments that the fund owned for one year or less are generally taxable to you as ordinary income. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, distributions that the fund properly reports to you as “qualified dividend income” are taxable at the rate applicable to long-term capital gains provided that both you and the fund meet certain holding period and other requirements. Distributions are taxable in the manner described in this paragraph whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares of this fund or other Putnam funds.

</R>

36  Prospectus 

 



Distributions by the fund to retirement plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment under federal income tax laws will not be taxable. Special tax rules apply to investments through such plans. You should consult your tax advisor to determine the suitability of the fund as an investment through such a plan and the tax treatment of distributions (including distributions of amounts attributable to an investment in the fund) from such a plan.

Unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged retirement account (such as an IRA), you should consider avoiding a purchase of fund shares shortly before the fund makes a distribution because doing so may cost you money in taxes. Distributions are taxable to you even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the fund before your investment (and thus were included in the price you paid). Contact your financial representative or Putnam to find out the distribution schedule for your fund.

<R>

The fund’s investments in underlying funds could affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders and, therefore, may increase the amount of taxes payable by shareholders.

The fund’s investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes. In that case, the fund’s return on those investments would be decreased. If the fund meets certain requirements relating to its asset holdings, and the fund elects to pass through to its shareholders foreign tax credits or deductions, taxable shareholders generally will be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to those foreign taxes. Even if the fund elects to pass through to its shareholders foreign tax credits or deductions, tax-exempt shareholders and those who invest in the fund through tax-advantaged accounts such as IRAs will not benefit from any such tax credit or deduction. In addition, the fund’s investment in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the fund’s distributions.

A fund may be entitled to elect to pass through to its shareholders a credit or deduction for foreign taxes (if any) borne with respect to foreign securities income earned by the fund, or by any underlying funds and passed through to the fund. If the fund so elects, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata shares of such taxes, if any, treated as paid by the fund. However, even if the fund elects to pass through to its shareholders foreign tax credits or deductions, tax-exempt shareholders and those who invest in the fund through tax-advantaged accounts such as IRAs will not benefit from any such tax credit or deduction.

</R>

 

Prospectus  37 

 



Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange of your shares generally also will be subject to tax.

The above is a general summary of the tax implications of investing in the fund. Please refer to the SAI for further details. You should consult your tax advisor for more information on your own tax situation, including possible foreign, state and local taxes.

Financial highlights

<R>

The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand the fund’s recent financial performance. Certain information reflects financial results for a single fund share. The total returns represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. This information has been derived from the fund’s financial statements, which have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. The auditor’s report and the fund’s financial statements are included in the fund’s annual report to shareholders, which is available upon request.

</R>

38  Prospectus 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 


 

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Prospectus  39 

 



Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

<R>

INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:   LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:   RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:

                        Ratio of  Ratio of net   
  Net asset    Net realized      From          Net assets,  expenses  investment   
  value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized      Net asset  Total return  end  to average  income (loss)   
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss) on  investment  net investment  gain on  Total  Redemption  value, end  at net asset  of period (in  net assets  to average  Portfolio 
Period ended  of period  income (loss)a  investments  operations  income  investments  distributions  fees  of period  value (%)b  thousands)  (%)c,d  net assets (%)d   turnover (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.37  .08  (.25)  (.17)  (.41)  (.02)  (.43)  e  $9.77  (1.94)  $1,520  .25  .78  24 
October 31, 2010   10.00  (.01)  .38  .37        e  10.37  3.70*  876  .15*  (.06)*  14* 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.32  e  (.25)  (.25)  (.37)  (.02)  (.39)  e  $9.68  (2.66)  $99  1.00  (.02)  24 
October 31, 2010   10.00  (.05)  .36  .31        .01  10.32  3.20*  46  .59*  (.51) *  14* 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.32  (.02)  (.23)  (.25)  (.37)  (.02)  (.39)  e  $9.68  (2.65)  $227  1.00  (.15)  24 
October 31, 2010   10.00  (.05)  .36  .31        .01  10.32  3.20*  71  .59*  (.52)*  14* 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.34  .04  (.27)  (.23)  (.37)  (.02)  (.39)  e  $9.72  (2.43)  $15  .75  .42  24 
October 31, 2010   10.00  (.04)  .37  .33        .01  10.34  3.40*  16  .44*  (.38)*  14* 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.35  .07  (.26)  (.19)  (.38)  (.02)  (.40)  e  $9.76  (2.08)  $10  .50  .70  24 
October 31, 2010   10.00  (.02)  .36  .34        .01  10.35  3.50 *  10  .30*  (.22)*  14* 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.38  .11  (.25)  (.14)  (.42)  (.02)  (.44)  e  $9.80  (1.63)  $458    1.08  24 
October 31, 2010   10.00  .01  .36  .37        .01  10.38  3.80*  371  *  .08*  14* 


 

</R>

 

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period March 31, 2010 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2010.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Expense ratios do not include expenses of the underlying funds.

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amount:

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

<R>
October 31, 2011  3.53% 

October 31, 2010  10.58 

</R>


e
Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

 

 

 

40  Prospectus  Prospectus  41 

 


<R>

Make the most of your Putnam privileges

As a Putnam mutual fund shareholder, you have access to a number of services that can help you build a more effective and flexible financial program. Here are some of the ways you can use these privileges to make the most of your Putnam mutual fund investment.

Systematic investment plan

Invest as much as you wish. The amount you choose will be automatically transferred weekly, semi-monthly or monthly from your checking or savings account.

Systematic withdrawal

Make regular withdrawals monthly, quarterly, semiannually, or annually from your Putnam mutual fund account.

Systematic exchange

Transfer assets automatically from one Putnam account to another on a regular, prearranged basis.

Exchange privilege

Exchange money between Putnam funds. The exchange privilege allows you to adjust your investments as your objectives change. A signature guarantee is required for exchanges of more than $500,000 and shares of all Putnam funds may not be available to all investors.

A short-term trading fee of 1.00% may apply to exchanges of certain fund shares within the time period specified in the applicable fund’s prospectus.

Investors may not maintain, within the same fund, simultaneous plans for systematic investment or exchange (into the fund) and systematic withdrawal or exchange (out of the fund). These privileges are subject to change or termination.

42  Prospectus 

 



Dividends plus

Diversify your portfolio by investing dividends and other distributions from one Putnam fund automatically into another at net asset value.

Statement of intention

You may reduce a front-end sales charge by agreeing to invest a minimum dollar amount over 13 months. Depending on your fund, the minimum is $50,000 or $100,000. Whenever you make an investment under this arrangement, you or your financial representative should notify Putnam Investor Services that a Statement of Intention is in effect.

Many of these services can be accessed online at putnam.com.

For more information about any of these services and privileges, call your financial representative or a Putnam customer service representative toll free at 1-800-225-1581.

</R>

Prospectus  43 

 



For more information about Putnam Global Sector Fund

<R>

The fund’s SAI and annual and semiannual reports to shareholders include additional information about the fund. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this prospectus, which means it is part of this prospectus for legal purposes. The fund’s annual report discusses the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the fund’s performance during its last fiscal year. You may get free copies of these materials, request other information about any Putnam fund, or make shareholder inquiries, by contacting your financial representative, by visiting Putnam’s website at putnam.com/individual, or by calling Putnam toll-free at 1-800-225-1581.

You may review and copy information about a fund, including its SAI, at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You may call the Commission at 1-202-551-8090 for information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. You may also access reports and other information about the fund on the EDGAR Database on the Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may get copies of this information, with payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Commission’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520. You may need to refer to the fund’s file number.

</R>

Putnam Investments
One Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02109
1-800-225-1581

Address correspondence to
Putnam Investor Services
P.O. Box 8383
Boston, MA 02266-8383

putnam.com

<R>
File No. 811-07513  SP730 272641 2/12 
</R>

 



FUND SYMBOLS  CLASS A   CLASS B  CLASS C  CLASS M  CLASS R  CLASS Y 
  PPGAX  PPGBX  PPGCX  PPGMX  PPGSX  PPGYX 

 

Putnam Global Sector Fund
 
A Series of Putnam Funds Trust
 
FORM N-1A
 
PART B
 
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI) 

 

<R>

2/29/12 

 

This SAI is not a prospectus. If the fund has more than one form of current prospectus, each reference to the prospectus in this SAI includes all of the fund's prospectuses, unless otherwise noted. The SAI should be read together with the applicable prospectus. For a free copy of the fund's annual report or a prospectus dated 2/29/12, as revised from time to time, call Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581, visit Putnam's website at putnam.com or write Putnam Investor Services, P.O. Box 8383, Boston, MA 02266-8383.

Part I of this SAI contains specific information about the fund Part II includes information about the fund and the other Putnam funds.

</R>

I-1 

 



Table of Contents   
 
PART I   
 
<R>   
FUND ORGANIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION  I-3 
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS  I-3 
CHARGES AND EXPENSES  I-5 
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS  I-13 
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM AND FINANCIAL   
STATEMENTS  I-15 
</R>   
 
PART II   
 
<R>   
HOW TO BUY SHARES  II-1 
DISTRIBUTION PLANS  II-11 
MISCELLANEOUS INVESTMENTS, INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND RISKS  II-19 
TAXES  II-53 
MANAGEMENT  II-66 
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE  II-85 
INVESTOR SERVICES  II-86 
SIGNATURE GUARANTEES  II-90 
REDEMPTIONS  II-90 
SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY  II-91 
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO INFORMATION  II-91 
PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES  II-93 
SECURITIES RATINGS  II-93 
CLAIMS - PAYING ABILITY RATINGS  II-97 
APPENDIX A - PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES OF THE PUTNAM FUNDS  II-101 
APPENDIX B - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  II-117 

 

I-2 

 



SAI 

 

</R>

PART I 

 

FUND ORGANIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION

<R>

Putnam Global Sector Fund is a diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust, a Massachusetts business trust organized on January 22, 1996 the “Trust”. A copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, which is governed by Massachusetts law, is on file with the Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

</R>

The Trust is an open-end management investment company with an unlimited number of authorized shares of beneficial interest. The Trustees may, without shareholder approval, create two or more series of shares representing separate investment portfolios. Any such series of shares may be divided without shareholder approval into two or more classes of shares having such preferences and special or relative rights and privileges as the Trustees determine. The fund offers classes of shares with different sales charges and expenses.

Each share has one vote, with fractional shares voting proportionally. Shares of all series and classes will vote together as a single class on all matters except (i) when required by the Investment Company Act of 1940 or when the Trustees have determined that a matter affects one or more series or classes materially differently, shares are voted by individual series or class; and (ii) when the Trustees determine that such a matter affects only the interests of a particular series or class, then only shareholders of such series or class shall be entitled to vote thereon. Shares are freely transferable, are entitled to dividends as declared by the Trustees, and, if the fund were liquidated, would receive the net assets of the fund.

The fund may suspend the sale of shares at any time and may refuse any order to purchase shares. Although the fund is not required to hold annual meetings of its shareholders, shareholders holding at least 10% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote have the right to call a meeting to elect or remove Trustees, or to take other actions as provided in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust. The fund has voluntarily undertaken to hold a shareholder meeting at least every five years.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

As fundamental investment restrictions, which may not be changed without a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a fund created under the Trust, the fund may not and will not:

I-3 

 



(1) With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest in securities of any issuer if, immediately after such investment, more than 5% of the total assets of the fund (taken at current value) would be invested in the securities of such issuer; provided that this limitation does not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed as to interest or principal by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities or to securities issued by other investment companies.

(2) With respect to 75% of its total assets, acquire more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any issuer.

(3) Borrow money in excess of 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (not including the amount borrowed) at the time the borrowing is made.

(4) Make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations in which the fund may invest consistent with its investment policies (including, without limitation, debt obligations issued by other Putnam funds), by entering into repurchase agreements or by lending its portfolio securities.

(5) Purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, securities which are secured by interests in real estate, and securities which represent interests in real estate, and it may acquire and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of its rights as a holder of debt obligations secured by real estate or interests therein.

(6) Purchase or sell commodities, except as permitted by applicable law.

(7) Underwrite securities issued by other persons except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of its portfolio investments, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under certain federal securities laws.

(8) Purchase securities (other than securities of the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result of such purchase, more than 25% of the fund's total assets would be invested in any one industry, except that the fund may invest more than 25% of its total assets in an industry to the extent that the fund’s index concentrates in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries.

(9) Issue any class of securities which is senior to the fund’s shares of beneficial interest, except for permitted borrowings.

The Investment Company Act of 1940 provides that a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” of the fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding fund shares, or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding fund shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.

<R>

I-4 

 



For purposes of the fund’s fundamental policy on industry concentration (#8 from above), Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management), the fund’s investment manager, determines the appropriate industry categories and assigns issuers to them. Industry categories and issuer assignments may change over time in Putnam Management’s discretion and may differ from those shown in shareholder reports and other communications.

The following non-fundamental investment policy may be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval:

</R>

(1) The fund will not invest in (a) securities which are not readily marketable, (b) securities restricted as to resale (excluding securities determined by the Trustees of the fund (or the person designated by the Trustees of the fund to make such determinations) to be readily marketable), and (c) repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days, if, as a result, more than 15% of the fund's net assets (taken at current value) would be invested in securities described in (a), (b) and (c).

All percentage limitations on investments (other than pursuant to non-fundamental restriction (1)) will apply at the time of the making of an investment and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of such investment.

<R>

The Trust has filed an election under Rule 18f-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 committing each fund that is a series of the Trust to pay all redemptions of fund shares by a single shareholder during any 90-day period in cash, up to the lesser of (i) $250,000 or (ii) 1% of such fund's net assets measured as of the beginning of such 90-day period.

</R>

CHARGES AND EXPENSES

Management fees

<R>

Under a Management Contract with the Trust dated December 14, 2009, the fund does not pay a management fee to Putnam Management. Putnam Management receives management fees from the underlying funds.

Fund-specific expense limitation. Putnam Management has contractually agreed to reimburse the fund for other expenses (not including brokerage, interest, taxes, investment related expenses, payments under distribution plans and extraordinary expenses) through February 28, 2013.

I-5 

 



Brokerage commissions

The fund did not pay brokerage commissions during fiscal 2011 and 2010.

The fund placed no transactions with brokers and dealers during the most recent fiscal year in which commissions were paid to recognize research, statistical and quotation services received by Putnam Management and its affiliates.

Administrative expense reimbursement

The fund did not reimburse Putnam Management for administrative services during fiscal 2011.

</R>

Trustee responsibilities and fees

The Trustees are responsible for generally overseeing the conduct of fund business. Subject to such policies as the Trustees may determine, Putnam Management furnishes a continuing investment program for the fund and makes investment decisions on its behalf. Subject to the control of the Trustees, Putnam Management also manages the fund's other affairs and business.

<R>

The table below shows the value of each Trustee's holdings in the fund and in all of the Putnam Funds as of December 31, 2011.

I-6 

 


</R>
    Aggregate dollar 
  Dollar range of Putnam  range of shares 
Name of Trustee  Global Sector  held in all 
  Fund shares owned  Putnam funds 
    overseen by Trustee 
<R></R>     
Ravi Akhoury  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
<R>     
Barbara M. Baumann  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
</R>     
Jameson A. Baxter  $10,001-$50,000  over $100,000 
Charles B. Curtis  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
Robert J. Darretta  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
John A. Hill  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
Paul L. Joskow  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
<R>     
* Elizabeth T. Kennan  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
</R>     
Kenneth R. Leibler  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 
<R>     
Robert E. Patterson  $10,001-$50,000  over $100,000 
</R>     
George Putnam, III  $10,001-$50,000  over $100,000 
W. Thomas Stephens  $1-$10,000  over $100,000 

** Robert L. Reynolds  over $100,000  over $100,000 

 

<R>

* Dr. Kennan was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees by the Independent Trustees effective January 1, 2012.

** Trustee who is an “interested person” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management. Mr. Reynolds is deemed an “interested personby virtue of his positions as an officer of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management. Mr. Reynolds is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments, LLC and President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds. None of the other Trustees is an interested person.

</R>

Each independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual retainer fee and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Independent Trustees also are reimbursed for expenses they incur relating to their services as Trustees. All of the current independent Trustees of the fund are Trustees of all the Putnam funds and receive fees for their services.

<R>

I-7 

 



The Trustees periodically review their fees to ensure that such fees continue to be appropriate in light of their responsibilities as well as in relation to fees paid to trustees of other mutual fund complexes. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee, which consists solely of independent Trustees of the fund, estimates that committee and Trustee meeting time, together with the appropriate preparation, requires the equivalent of at least four business days per Trustee meeting. The standing committees of the Board of Trustees, and the number of times each committee met, during your fund's most recently completed fiscal year, are shown in the table below:

Audit and Compliance Committee  10 
Pricing Committee  8 
Board Policy and Nominating Committee 8
Brokerage Committee  4 
Contract Committee  9 
Distributions Committee  8 
Executive Committee  3 
</R>   
Investment Oversight Committees   
Investment Oversight Committee A  8 
Investment Oversight Committee B  8 
<R>   
Pricing Committee  8 

 

The following table shows the year each Trustee was first elected a Trustee of the Putnam funds, the fees paid to each Trustee by the fund for fiscal 2011, and the fees paid to each Trustee by all of the Putnam funds during calendar year 2011:

</R>

I-8 

 



COMPENSATION TABLE
 
    Pension or  Estimated annual   
    retirement  benefits from all  Total 
  Aggregate  benefits accrued  Putnam funds  compensation 
  compensation  as part of fund  upon  from all Putnam 
Trustees/Year  from the fund  expenses  retirement(1)  funds(2) 
<R>         
 
Ravi Akhoury/2009  $0  N/A  N/A  $303,000 
Barbara M.         
Baumann/2010(3)  $0  N/A  N/A  $297,000 
Jameson A.         
Baxter/1994(3)(6)  $0  N/A  $110,500  $365,500 
Charles B. Curtis/2001  $0  N/A  $113,900  $291,000 
Robert J.         
Darretta/2007(3)  $0  N/A  N/A  $303,000 
Myra R.         
Drucker/2004(3)(4)  $0  N/A  N/A  $84,750 
John A. Hill/1985(3)(6)  $0  N/A  $161,700  $341,031 
 
Paul L. Joskow/1997(3)  $0  N/A  $113,400  $291,000 
Elizabeth T.         
Kennan/1992(5)  $0  N/A  $108,000  N/A 
Kenneth R. Leibler/2006  $0  N/A  N/A  $303,000 
 
Robert E. Patterson/1984  $0  N/A  $106,500  $303,000 
 
George Putnam, III/1984  $0  N/A  $130,300  $303,000 
W. Thomas         
Stephens/1997(7)  $0  N/A  $107,100  $303,000 
Richard B.         
Worley/2004(4)  $0  N/A  N/A  $36,000 
</R>         

Robert L.  N/A  N/A  N/A  N/A 
Reynolds/2008(8)         

 

(1) Estimated benefits for each Trustee are based on Trustee fee rates for calendar years 2003, 2004 and 2005.

<R>

(2) As of December 31, 2011, there were 108 funds in the Putnam family.

(3) Certain Trustees are also owed compensation deferred pursuant to a Trustee Compensation Deferral Plan.

I-9 

 



(4) Ms. Drucker and Mr. Worley retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on January 30, 2011 and December 14, 2010, respectively.

(5) Dr. Kennan, who retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on June 30, 2010, was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees effective January 1, 2012. Upon her retirement, Dr. Kennan became entitled to receive annual retirement benefit payments from the funds commencing on January 15, 2011. In connection with her re-appointment to the Board of Trustees, Dr. Kennan has agreed to suspend the balance of her retirement benefit payments for the duration of her service as a Trustee.

(6) Includes additional compensation to Mr. Hill and Ms. Baxter for service as Chair of the Trustees of the Putnam funds. Ms. Baxter replaced Mr. Hill as Chair, Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on July 1, 2011.

(7) Mr. Stephens, who retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on March 31, 2008, was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees on May 14, 2009. Upon his retirement, Mr. Stephens became entitled to receive annual retirement benefit payments from the funds commencing on January 15, 2009. In connection with his re-appointment to the Board of Trustees, Mr. Stephens has agreed to suspend the balance of his retirement benefit payments for the duration of his service as a Trustee.

</R>

(8) Mr. Reynolds is an “interested person” of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management.

Under a Retirement Plan for Trustees of the Putnam funds (the Plan), each Trustee who retires with at least five years of service as a Trustee of the funds is entitled to receive an annual retirement benefit equal to one-half of the average annual attendance and retainer fees paid to such Trustee for calendar years 2003, 2004 and 2005. This retirement benefit is payable during a Trustee's lifetime, beginning the year following retirement, for the number of years of service through December 31, 2006. A death benefit, also available under the Plan, ensures that the Trustee and his or her beneficiaries will receive benefit payments for the lesser of an aggregate period of (i) ten years, or (ii) such Trustee's total years of service.

The Plan Administrator (currently the Board Policy and Nominating Committee) may terminate or amend the Plan at any time, but no termination or amendment will result in a reduction in the amount of benefits (i) currently being paid to a Trustee at the time of such termination or amendment, or (ii) to which a current Trustee would have been entitled had he or she retired immediately prior to such termination or amendment. The Trustees have terminated the Plan with respect to any Trustee first elected to the board after 2003.

<R>
</R>

Share ownership

I-10 

 



<R>

At January 31, 2012, the officers and Trustees of the fund as a group owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each class of the fund, except class A, of which they owned 19.12%, and except class Y, of which they owned 6.82% and, except as noted below, no person owned of record or to the knowledge of the fund beneficially 5% or more of any class of shares of the fund.

</R>

  Shareholder name  Percentage 
Class  and address  Owned 

<R>     
Class A  Robert L. Reynolds  15.81% 
  153 Garfield Road   
  Concord, MA 01742   

Class A  National Financial Services LLC  15.69% 
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281   

Class A  Edward D. Jones & Co  7.67% 
  201 Progress Parkway   
  Maryland HTS, MO 63043-3009   

Class A  Aaron M. Cooper and Emily G. Cooper  7.15% 
  31 Winthrop Road   
  Lexington, MA 02421   

Class B  National Financial Services LLC  38.37% 
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281   

Class B  Pershing LLC  10.72% 
  PO Box 2052   
  Jersey City, NJ 07303-2052   

Class B  Callie D. Schneider  7.96% 
  10570 N 121st Ave E   
  Owasso, OK 74055   

Class B  Christopher A. Alonzo  6.75% 
  9 Country Club Road   
  Seymour, CT 06483   

Class B  John W. Moses  5.79% 
  601 Geraci Pl.   
  Tobyhanna, PA 18466   

Class B  Penelope L. Sommerville  5.18% 
  1955 Burroughs Street   

 

I-11 

 



  San Diego, CA 92111   

Class C  Arlene K. Zumsteg  8.35% 
  210 Shelley Avenue   
  Campbell, CA 95008   

Class C  National Financial Services LLC  8.30% 
  One World Financial Center   
  New York, NY 10281   

Class C  Vincent L. Mohan & Colette M. Mohan  7.54% 
  1008 Old Lane   
  Drexel Hill, PA 19026   

Class C  Ana E. Hasler  7.53% 
6809 Chelsea Rd 
  Mclean, VA 22101   

Class C  Janice P. Anderson  6.14% 
  22993 Valley High Rd   
  Morrison, CO 80465   

Class M  Putnam LLC  80.18% 
  One Post Office Square   
  Boston, MA 02109   

Class M  Gaylen R. Carlson  14.83% 
  818 Sharon Cir   
  Placentia, CA 92870   

Class R  Putnam LLC  100% 
  One Post Office Square   
  Boston, MA 02109   

Class Y*  Putnam Investments Profit Sharing Plan  84.34% 

Class Y  Jacqueline A. Mozariwsky  11.37% 
  61491 Crown Point Dr   
  Washington, MI 48094-1231   

 
</R>     


* The address for the name listed is: c/o Orchard Trust Company, LLC, as trustee or agent, 8515 E. Orchard Road, Greenwood Village, CO 80111.

 

I-12 

 



Distribution fees

<R>

During fiscal 2011, the fund paid the following 12b-1 fees to Putnam Retail Management:

</R>

Class A  Class B  Class C  Class M  Class R 
<R>         
$3,510  $877  $1,652  $132  $54 
</R>         

 

Class A sales charges and contingent deferred sales charges

Putnam Retail Management received sales charges with respect to class A shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

    Sales   
    charges   
    retained by   
    Putnam   
    Retail  Contingent 
  Total front-  Management deferred 
  end sales  after dealer  sales 
Fiscal year  charges  concessions  charges 
<R>       
2011  $16,985  $2,896  $0 
</R>       
2010  $4,185  $637  $0 


Class B contingent deferred sales charges

Putnam Retail Management received contingent deferred sales charges upon redemptions of class B shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

I-13 

 



  Contingent 
  deferred 
  sales 
Fiscal year  charges 
<R>   
2011  $245 
</R>   
2010  $10 

 

Class C contingent deferred sales charges

Putnam Retail Management received contingent deferred sales charges upon redemptions of class C shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

  Contingent 
  deferred 
  sales 
Fiscal year  charges 
<R>   
2011  $0 
</R>   
2010  $470 

 

Class M sales charges and contingent deferred sales charges

Putnam Retail Management received sales charges with respect to class M shares in the following amounts during the periods indicated:

    Sales   
    charges   
    retained by   
    Putnam   
    Retail   
  Total front- Management Contingent 
  end sales  after dealer  deferred 
Fiscal year  charges  concessions  sales charges 
<R>       
2011  $15  $2  $0 
</R>       
2010  $0  $0  $0 

 

I-14 

 



Investor servicing fees

The fund does not pay a fee to Putnam Investor Services, Inc. for investor servicing.

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

Other accounts managed

The following table shows the number and approximate assets of other investment accounts (or portions of investment accounts) that the fund's portfolio managers managed as of the fund's most recent fiscal year-end. The other accounts may include accounts for which the individuals were not designated as a portfolio manager. Unless noted, none of the other accounts pays a fee based on the account's performance.

          Other accounts (including 
          separate accounts, 
          managed account 
          programs and single- 
  Other SEC-registered  Other accounts that pool  sponsor defined 
Portfolio  open-end and closed-end  assets from more than one  contribution plan 
managers  funds  client  offerings) 

  Number    Number    Number   
  of    of    of   
  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets  accounts  Assets 

<R>             
Jacquelyne  1  $2,500,000  0  0  1  $100,000 
Cavanaugh*             

Aaron Cooper  2  $261,700,000  0  0  1  $2,100,000 

Kelsey Chen  5  $1,136,300,000  0  0  1  $200,000 

Timothy Codrington  1  $15,300,000  0  0  1  $100,000 

Steven Curbow  4  $474,400,000  0  0  0  0 

Vivek Gandhi  1  $9,200,000  0  0  1  $3,600,000 

George Gianarikas  3  $89,200,000  0  0  1  $400,00 

David Morgan  1  $9,200,000  0  0  0  0 

John Morgan  1  $375,400,000  0  0  1  $800,000 

Ferat Ongoren  4  $88,300,000  0  0  1  $100,000 

Nathaniel Salter  1  $11,100,000  0  0  1  $100,000 

Walter Scully  3  $80,700,000  0  0  1  $400,000 

Christopher Stevo  2  $1,065,300,000  0  0  1  $100,000 


*Information for Ms. Cavanaugh, who joined the fund after the fund’s fiscal year end, is as of January 31, 2012.

</R>

See “Management - Portfolio Transactions - Potential conflicts of interest in managing multiple accounts” in Part II of this SAI for information on how Putnam Management addresses potential conflicts of interest resulting from an individual's management of more than one account.

I-15 

 



Compensation of portfolio managers

<R>

Putnam’s goal for its products and investors is to deliver strong performance versus peers or performance ahead of the applicable benchmark, depending on the product, over a rolling 3-year period. Portfolio managers are evaluated and compensated, in part, based on their performance relative to this goal across the products they manage. In addition to their individual performance, evaluations take into account the performance of their group and a subjective component.

</R>

Each portfolio manager is assigned an industry competitive incentive compensation target consistent with this goal and evaluation framework. Actual incentive compensation may be higher or lower than the target, based on individual, group, and subjective performance, and may also reflect the performance of Putnam as a firm. Typically, performance is measured over the lesser of three years or the length of time a portfolio manager has managed a product.

Incentive compensation includes a cash bonus and may also include grants of deferred cash, stock or options. In addition to incentive compensation, portfolio managers receive fixed annual salaries typically based on level of responsibility and experience.

For this fund, Putnam evaluates performance based on the fund's pre-tax return relative to its MSCI World Index benchmark.

Ownership of securities

The dollar range of shares of the fund owned by the portfolio managers at the end of the fund’s last fiscal year, including investments by immediate family members and amounts invested through retirement and deferred compensation plans, was as follows:

Portfolio Managers  Dollar range of shares 
  owned 
<R>   
Aaron Cooper  $0 
Jacquelyne Cavanaugh  $0 
</R>   
Kelsey Chen  $0 
Timothy Codrington  $0 
Steven Curbow  $0 
Vivek Gandhi  $0 
George Gianarikas  $0 
David Morgan  $0 
John Morgan  $0 
Ferat Ongoren  $0 
Nathaniel Salter  $0 

 

I-16 

 



Walter Scully  $0 
Christopher Stevo  $0 

 

<R>

The dollar ranges of shares of each underlying fund owned by its portfolio managers are reported in the Statement of Additional Information of the underlying funds.

</R>

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

<R>

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 125 High Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, is the fund's independent registered public accounting firm providing audit services, tax return review and other tax consulting services and assistance and consultation in connection with the review of various Securities and Exchange Commission filings. The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, financial highlights and financial statements included in the fund's Annual Report for the fund's most recent fiscal year are included as Appendix B to this SAI. The financial highlights included in the prospectus and this SAI and the financial statements included in this SAI (which is incorporated by reference into the prospectus) have been so included in reliance upon the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm, given on their authority as experts in auditing and accounting.

</R>

I-17 

 



THE PUTNAM FUNDS
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (“SAI”) 
PART II

 

HOW TO BUY SHARES

Each prospectus describes briefly how investors may buy shares of the fund and identifies the share classes offered by that prospectus. Because of different sales charges and expenses, the investment performance of the classes will vary. This section of the SAI contains more information on how to buy shares. For more information, including your eligibility to purchase certain classes of shares, contact your investment dealer or Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581. Investors who purchase shares at net asset value through employer-sponsored defined contribution plans should also consult their employer for information about the extent to which the matters described in this section and in the sections that follow apply to them.

General Information

The fund is currently making a continuous offering of its shares. The fund receives the entire net asset value of shares sold. The fund will accept unconditional orders for shares to be executed at the public offering price based on the net asset value per share next determined after the order is placed. In the case of class A shares and class M shares, the public offering price is the net asset value plus the applicable sales charge, if any. (The public offering price is thus calculable by dividing the net asset value by 100% minus the sales charge, expressed as a percentage.) No sales charge is included in the public offering price of other classes of shares. In the case of orders for purchase of shares placed through dealers, the public offering price will be based on the net asset value determined on the day the order is placed, but only if the dealer or a registered transfer agent or registered clearing agent receives the order, together with all required identifying information, before the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”). If the dealer or registered transfer agent or registered clearing agent receives the order after the close of the Exchange, the price will be based on the net asset value next determined. If funds for the purchase of shares are sent directly to Putnam Investor Services, they will be invested at the public offering price based on the net asset value next determined after all required identifying information has been collected. Payment for shares of the fund must be in U.S. dollars; if made by check, the check must be drawn on a U.S. bank.

Initial purchases are subject to the minimums stated in the prospectus, except that (i) individual investments under certain employee benefit plans or Tax Qualified Retirement Plans may be lower, and (ii) the minimum investment is waived for investors participating in systematic investment plans or military allotment plans. Information about these plans is available from investment dealers or Putnam Investor Services. Currently Putnam is waiving the minimum for all initial purchases, but reserves the right to reject initial purchases under the minimum in the future, except as noted in the first sentence of this paragraph.

Systematic investment plan. As a convenience to investors, shares may be purchased through a systematic investment plan. Pre-authorized monthly, semi-monthly, or weekly bank drafts for a fixed amount ($200,000 or less) are used to purchase fund shares at the applicable public offering price next determined after Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership (“Putnam Retail Management”) receives the proceeds from the draft. A shareholder may choose any date or dates in the month for these drafts, but if the date falls on a weekend or holiday, the draft will be processed on the next business day. Further information and application forms are available from the investment dealers or from Putnam Retail Management.

February 17, 2012  II-1 

 



Reinvestment of distributions. Distributions to be reinvested are reinvested without a sales charge in shares of the same class as of the ex-dividend date using the net asset value determined on that date, and are credited to a shareholder's account on the payment date. Dividends for Putnam money market funds are credited to a shareholder's account on the payment date. Distributions for all other funds that declare a distribution daily are reinvested without a sales charge as of the last day of the period for which distributions are paid using the net asset value determined on that date, and are credited to a shareholder's account on the payment date.

Purchasing shares with securities (“in-kind” purchases). In addition to cash, the fund will consider accepting securities as payment for fund shares at the applicable net asset value. Generally, the fund will only consider accepting securities to increase its holdings in a portfolio security, or if Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam Management”) determines that the offered securities are a suitable investment for the fund and in a sufficient amount for efficient management.

While no minimum has been established, it is expected that the fund would not accept securities with a value of less than $100,000 per issue as payment for shares. The fund may reject in whole or in part any or all offers to pay for purchases of fund shares with securities, may require partial payment in cash for such purchases to provide funds for applicable sales charges, and may discontinue accepting securities as payment for fund shares at any time without notice. The fund will value accepted securities in the manner described in the section "Determination of Net Asset Value" for valuing shares of the fund. The fund will only accept securities that are delivered in proper form. The fund will not accept certain securities, for example, options or restricted securities, as payment for shares. The acceptance of securities by certain funds in exchange for fund shares is subject to additional requirements. For federal income tax purposes, a purchase of fund shares with securities will be treated as a sale or exchange of such securities on which the investor will generally realize a taxable gain or loss. The processing of a purchase of fund shares with securities involves certain delays while the fund considers the suitability of such securities and while other requirements are satisfied. For information regarding procedures for payment in securities, contact Putnam Retail Management. Investors should not send securities to the fund except when authorized to do so and in accordance with specific instructions received from Putnam Retail Management.

Sales Charges and Other Share Class Features—Retail Investors

This section describes certain key features of share classes offered to retail investors and retirement plans that do not purchase shares at net asset value. Much of this information addresses the sales charges, including initial sales charges and contingent deferred sales charges (“CDSCs”) imposed on the different share classes and various commission payments made by Putnam to dealers and other financial intermediaries facilitating shareholders’ investments. This information supplements the descriptions of these share classes and payments included in the prospectus.

Initial sales charges, dealer commissions and CDSCs on shares sold outside the United States may differ from those applied to U.S. sales.

Initial sales charges for class A and class M shares. The public offering price of class A and class M shares is the net asset value plus a sales charge that varies depending on the size of your purchase (calculable as described above). The fund receives the net asset value. The tables below indicate the sales charges applicable to purchases of class A and class M shares of the funds by style category. The variations in sales charges reflect the varying efforts required to sell shares to different categories of purchasers.

The sales charge is allocated between your investment dealer and Putnam Retail Management as shown in the tables below, except when Putnam Retail Management, in its discretion, allocates the entire amount to your investment dealer.

February 17, 2012  II-2 

 



The underwriter's commission, or dealer reallowance, is the sales charge shown in the prospectus less any applicable dealer discount. Putnam Retail Management will give dealers ten days' notice of any changes in the dealer discount. Putnam Retail Management retains the entire sales charge on any retail sales made by it.

For purchases of class A shares by retail investors that qualify for the highest sales charge breakpoint described in the prospectus, Putnam Retail Management pays commissions on sales during the one-year period beginning with the date of the initial purchase qualifying for that breakpoint. Each subsequent one-year measuring period for these purposes begins with the first qualifying purchase following the end of the prior period. These commissions are paid at the rate of 1.00% of the amount of qualifying purchases up to $4 million, 0.50% of the next $46 million of qualifying purchases and 0.25% of qualifying purchases thereafter.

For Growth Funds, Blend Funds, Value Funds, Asset Allocation Funds (excluding funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite), Global Sector Funds and RetirementReady® Funds only:

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 50,000  5.75%  5.00%  3.50%  3.00% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.50  3.75  2.50  2.00 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.50  2.75  1.50  1.00 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.50  2.00  1.00  1.00 
500,000 but under 1,000,000  2.00  1.75  1.00  1.00 
1,000,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A*  N/A* 

 

For Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund only:

 

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 50,000  5.75%  5.00%  3.50%  3.00% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.50  3.75  2.50  2.00 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.50  2.75  1.50  1.00 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.50  2.00  1.00  1.00 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A**  N/A** 

 

February 17, 2012  II-3 

 



For funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite, Taxable Income Funds and Tax-Free Income Funds (except for Money Market Funds, Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund):

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 50,000  4.00%  3.50%  3.25%  3.00% 
50,000 but under 100,000  4.00  3.50  2.25  2.00 
100,000 but under 250,000  3.25  2.75  1.25  1.00 
250,000 but under 500,000  2.50  2.00  1.00  1.00 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A**  N/A** 

 

For Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund only:

 

  CLASS A  CLASS M 
    Amount of sales    Amount of sales 
    charge    charge 
    reallowed to    reallowed to 
  Sales charge as  dealers as a  Sales charge as  dealers as a 
Amount of transaction at  a percentage of  percentage of  a percentage of  percentage of 
offering price ($)  offering price  offering price  offering price  offering price 
 
Under 500,000  1.00%  1.00%  0.75%  0.75% 
500,000 and above  NONE  NONE  N/A**  N/A** 

 

*The funds will not accept purchase orders for class M shares (other than by qualified employee-benefit plans) where the total of the current purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation (as described below) is $1 million or more.

**The funds will not accept purchase orders for class M shares (other than by qualified employee-benefit plans) where the total of the current purchase, plus existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation (as described below) is $500,000 or more.

Purchases of $500,000 or more of class A shares. (For funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite, Taxable Income Funds (excluding Putnam money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund), Tax-Free Income Funds and Absolute Return Funds only) Purchases of class A shares of one or more Putnam funds of $500,000 or more are not subject to an initial sales charge, but shares purchased by investors other than qualified benefit plans are subject to a CDSC of 1.00% if redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of that purchase falls. The conditions above will apply unless the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, (i) waived its commission or (ii) agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management if a CDSC would otherwise apply.

February 17, 2012  II-4 

 



Subject to the exceptions stated in the preceding paragraph, a deferred sales charge of 1.00% will apply to class A shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund and to class A and class T shares of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund that are obtained by exchanging shares from another Putnam fund that were originally purchased without an initial sales charge (if such original purchase was made at net asset value because it was in an amount equal to $500,000 or more), if the shares are redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of the original purchase falls.

The CDSC assessed on redemptions of fewer than all of an investor's class A shares (and, for Putnam Money Market Fund, class T shares) subject to a CDSC will be based on the amount of the redemption minus the amount of any appreciation on the investor's CDSC-subject shares since the purchase of such shares. The CDSC assessed on full redemptions of CDSC-subject shares will be based on the lower of the shares' cost and current NAV. Putnam Retail Management will retain any CDSC imposed on redemptions of such shares to compensate it for the up-front commissions paid to financial intermediaries for such share sales.

Purchases of $1,000,000 or more of class A shares. (For Growth Funds, Blend Funds, Value Funds, Asset Allocation Funds (excluding funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite), Global Sector Funds and RetirementReady® Funds only) Purchases of class A shares of one or more Putnam funds of $1 million or more are not subject to an initial sales charge, but shares purchased by investors other than qualified benefit plans are subject to a CDSC of 1.00% if redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of that purchase falls. The conditions above will apply unless the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, (i) waived its commission or (ii) agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management if a CDSC would otherwise apply.

Subject to the exceptions stated in the preceding paragraph, a deferred sales charge of 1.00% will apply to class A shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund and to class A and class T shares of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund that are obtained by exchanging shares from another Putnam fund that were originally purchased without an initial sales charge (if such original purchase was made at net asset value because it was in an amount equal to $1 million or more), if the shares are redeemed before the first day of the month in which the nine-month anniversary of the original purchase falls.

The CDSC assessed on redemptions of fewer than all of an investor's class A shares (or, for Putnam Money Market Fund, class T shares) subject to a CDSC will be based on the amount of the redemption minus the amount of any appreciation on the investor's CDSC-subject shares since the purchase of such shares. The CDSC assessed on full redemptions of CDSC-subject shares will be based on the lower of the shares' cost and current NAV. Putnam Retail Management will retain any CDSC imposed on redemptions of such shares to compensate it for the up-front commissions paid to financial intermediaries for such share sales.

Purchases of class A shares for rollover IRAs. Purchases of class A shares for a Putnam Rollover IRA or a rollover IRA of a Putnam affiliate, from a retirement plan for which an affiliate of Putnam Management or a business partner of such affiliate is the administrator, including subsequent contributions, are not subject to an initial sales charge or CDSC. Putnam Retail Management may pay commissions or finders’ fees of up to 1.00% of the proceeds for such Putnam Rollover IRA purchases to the dealer of record or other third party.

Contingent sales charges for class M shares (rollover IRAs). Purchases of class M shares for a Putnam Rollover IRA with proceeds in any amount from a retirement plan for which an affiliate of Putnam Management or a business partner of such affiliate is the administrator are not subject to an initial sales charge but may be subject to a CDSC on shares redeemed within one year of purchase at the rates set forth below, which are equal to commissions Putnam Retail Management pays to the dealer of record at the time of the sale of class M shares. These purchases will not be subject to a CDSC if the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, waived its commission or agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management if a CDSC would otherwise apply.

February 17, 2012  II-5 

 



  Class M CDSC and dealer commission 
All growth, blend, value, global sector and asset allocation   
funds (excluding funds in the Retirement Income Lifestyle  0.65% 
suite), Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam   
Absolute Return 700 Fund:   
All income funds (except Putnam Floating Rate Income   
Fund and Putnam Money Market Fund) and funds in the  0.40% 
Retirement Income Lifestyle suite:   
Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute  0.30% 
Return 300 Fund and Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund   
Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration  0.15% 
Income Fund   

 

Commission payments and CDSCs for class B and class C shares. Except in the case of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund as noted below, Putnam Retail Management will pay a 4% commission on sales of class B shares of the fund only to those financial intermediaries who have entered into service agreements with Putnam Retail Management. For tax-exempt funds, this commission includes a 0.20% pre-paid service fee (except for Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund and Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund, each of which has a 0.25% pre-paid service fee). For Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Retail Management will pay a 1.00% commission to financial intermediaries selling class B shares of the fund.

Except in the case of Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund, Putnam Retail Management pays financial intermediaries a 1.00% commission on sales of class C shares of a fund.

Putnam Retail Management will retain any CDSC imposed on redemptions of class B and class C shares to compensate it for the cost of paying the up-front commissions paid to financial intermediaries for class B or class C share sales. Purchases of class C shares may be made without a CDSC if the dealer of record has, with Putnam Retail Management’s approval, waived its commission or agreed to refund its commission to Putnam Retail Management.

Conversion of class B shares into class A shares. Class B shares will automatically convert to class A shares on or around the end of the month eight years after the purchase date (for Putnam Small Cap Value Fund, on or around the end of the month six years after the purchase date; and for Multi-Cap Value Fund, on or around the end of the month five and one-half years after the purchase date). Class B shares acquired by exchanging class B shares of another Putnam fund will convert to class A shares based on the time of the initial purchase. The conversion period of the acquired fund will apply, unless the initial fund’s CDSC schedule is higher than that of the acquired fund. In that case, the conversion period and CDSC schedule of the initial fund will apply. Class B shares acquired through reinvestment of distributions will convert to class A shares based on the date of the initial purchase to which such shares relate. For this purpose, class B shares acquired through reinvestment of distributions will be attributed to particular purchases of class B shares in accordance with such procedures as the Trustees may determine from time to time. The conversion of class B shares to class A shares is subject to the condition that such conversions will not constitute taxable events for Federal tax purposes. Shareholders should consult with their tax advisers regarding the state and local tax consequences of the conversion of class B shares to class A shares, or any other exchange or conversion of shares. Average annual total return performance information for class B shares shown in the fund's prospectus does not assume conversion to class A shares.

February 17, 2012  II-6 

 



Sales without sales charges, contingent deferred sales charges or short-term trading fees

The fund may sell shares without a sales charge or CDSC to the following categories of investors:

(i) current and former Trustees of the fund, their family members, business and personal associates; current and former employees of Putnam Management and certain current and former corporate affiliates, their family members, business and personal associates; employee benefit plans for the foregoing; and partnerships, trusts or other entities in which any of the foregoing has a substantial interest;

(ii) employer-sponsored retirement plans, for the repurchase of shares in connection with repayment of plan loans made to plan participants (if the sum loaned was obtained by redeeming shares of a Putnam fund sold with a sales charge) (not applicable to tax-exempt funds);

(iii) clients of administrators or other service providers of employer-sponsored benefit plans which have entered into agreements with Putnam Retail Management (not applicable to tax-exempt funds);

(iv) registered representatives and other employees of broker-dealers having sales agreements with Putnam Retail Management; employees of financial institutions having sales agreements with Putnam Retail Management or otherwise having an arrangement with any such broker-dealer or financial institution with respect to sales of fund shares; and their immediate family members (spouses and children under age 21, including step-children and adopted children);

(v) investors meeting certain requirements who sold shares of certain Putnam closed-end funds pursuant to a tender offer by such closed-end fund;

(vi) a trust department of any financial institution purchasing shares of the fund in its capacity as trustee of any trust (other than a tax-qualified retirement plan trust), through an arrangement approved by Putnam Retail Management, if the value of the shares of the fund and other Putnam funds purchased or held by all such trusts exceeds $1 million in the aggregate;

(vii) "wrap accounts" maintained for clients of broker-dealers, financial institutions or financial intermediaries who have entered into agreements with Putnam Retail Management with respect to such accounts;

(viii) college savings plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment under section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); and

(ix) investors who invest liquidation proceeds from Putnam closed-end funds.

In the case of paragraph (i) above, the availability of shares at NAV has been determined to be appropriate because involvement by Putnam Retail Management and other brokers in purchases by these investors is typically minimal.

In addition to the categories enumerated above, in connection with settlements reached between certain firms and the Financial Industry Regulating Authority (“FINRA”) and/or Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding sales of class B and class C shares in excess of certain dollar thresholds, the fund will permit shareholders who are clients of these firms (and applicable affiliates of such firms) to redeem class B and class C shares of the fund and concurrently purchase class A shares (in an amount to be determined by the dealer of record and Putnam Retail Management in accordance with the terms of the applicable settlement) without paying an initial sales charge.

February 17, 2012  II-7 

 



The fund may issue its shares at net asset value without an initial sales charge or a CDSC in connection with the acquisition of substantially all of the securities owned by other investment companies or personal holding companies. The CDSC will be waived on redemptions to pay premiums for insurance under Putnam’s insured investor program.

Application of CDSC to Systematic Withdrawal Plans (“SWP”). Investors who set up a SWP for a share account (see "INVESTOR SERVICES — Plans Available to Shareholders -- Systematic Withdrawal Plan") may withdraw through the SWP up to 12% of the net asset value of the account (calculated as set forth below) each year without incurring any CDSC. Shares not subject to a CDSC (such as shares representing reinvestment of distributions) will be redeemed first and will count toward the 12% limitation. If there are insufficient shares not subject to a CDSC, shares subject to the lowest CDSC liability will be redeemed next until the 12% limit is reached. The 12% figure is calculated on a pro rata basis at the time of the first payment made pursuant to an SWP and recalculated thereafter on a pro rata basis at the time of each SWP payment. Therefore, shareholders who have chosen an SWP based on a percentage of the net asset value of their account of up to 12% will be able to receive SWP payments without incurring a CDSC. However, shareholders who have chosen a specific dollar amount (for example, $100 per month from the fund that pays income distributions monthly) for their periodic SWP payment should be aware that the amount of that payment not subject to a CDSC may vary over time depending on the net asset value of their account. For example, if the net asset value of the account is $10,000 at the time of payment, the shareholder will receive $100 free of the CDSC (12% of $10,000 divided by 12 monthly payments). However, if at the time of the next payment the net asset value of the account has fallen to $9,400, the shareholder will receive $94 free of any CDSC (12% of $9,400 divided by 12 monthly payments) and $6 subject to the lowest applicable CDSC. This SWP privilege may be revised or terminated at any time.

Other exceptions to application of CDSC. No CDSC is imposed on the redemption of shares of any class subject to a CDSC to the extent that the shares redeemed (i) are no longer subject to the holding period therefor, (ii) resulted from reinvestment of distributions, or (iii) were exchanged for shares of another Putnam fund, provided that the shares acquired in such exchange or subsequent exchanges (including shares of a Putnam money market fund or Putnam Short Duration Income Fund) will continue to remain subject to the CDSC, if applicable, until the applicable holding period expires. In determining whether the CDSC applies to each redemption, shares not subject to a CDSC are redeemed first.

The fund will waive any CDSC on redemptions, in the case of individual, joint or Uniform Transfers to Minors Act accounts, in the event of death or post-purchase disability of a shareholder, for the purpose of paying benefits pursuant to tax-qualified retirement plans ("Benefit Payments"), or, in the case of living trust accounts, in the event of the death or post-purchase disability of the settlor of the trust. Benefit Payments currently include, without limitation, (1) distributions from an IRA due to death or post-purchase disability, (2) a return of excess contributions to an IRA or 401(k) plan, and (3) distributions from retirement plans qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code or from a 403(b) plan due to death, disability, retirement or separation from service. These waivers may be changed at any time.

Exceptions to application of short-term trading fee. In addition to the exceptions noted in the fund’s prospectus, the short-term trading fee will not apply in circumstances in which a CDSC would be waived as stated above under “Other exceptions to application of CDSC.”

Ways to Reduce Initial Sales Charges—Class A and M Shares

There are several ways in which an investor may obtain reduced sales charges on purchases of class A shares and class M shares. The variations in sales charges reflect the varying efforts required to sell shares to separate categories of purchasers. These provisions may be altered or discontinued at any time.

February 17, 2012  II-8 

 



Right of accumulation. A purchaser of class A shares or class M shares may qualify for a right of accumulation discount by combining all current purchases by such person with the value of certain other shares of any class of Putnam funds already owned. The applicable sales charge is based on the total of:

(i) the investor's current purchase(s); and

(ii) the higher of (x) the maximum public offering price (at the close of business on the previous day) or (y) the initial value of total purchases (less the value of shares redeemed on the applicable redemption date) of:

(a) all shares held in accounts registered to the investor and other accounts eligible to be linked to the investor’s accounts (as described below) in all of the Putnam funds (except closed-end and money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund, unless acquired as described in (b) below); and

(b) any shares of money market funds or Putnam Short Duration Income Fund acquired by exchange from other Putnam funds.

For shares held on December 31, 2007, the initial value will be the value of those shares at the maximum public offering price on that date.

The following persons may qualify for a right of accumulation discount:

(i) an individual, or a "company" as defined in Section 2(a)(8) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) (which includes corporations which are corporate affiliates of each other);

(ii) an individual, his or her spouse and their children under age 21, purchasing for his, her or their own account;

(iii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing for a single trust estate or single fiduciary account (including a pension, profit-sharing, or other employee benefit trust created pursuant to a plan qualified under Section 401 of the Code and Simplified Employer Pension Plans (SEPs) created pursuant to Section 408(k) of the Code);

(iv) tax-exempt organizations qualifying under Section 501(c)(3) of the Code, (not including tax-exempt organizations qualifying under Section 403(b)(7) (a "403(b) plan") of the Code; and

(v) employee benefit plans of a single employer or of affiliated employers, other than 403(b) plans.

A combined purchase currently may also include shares of any class of other continuously offered Putnam funds (other than money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund) purchased at the same time, if the dealer places the order for such shares directly with Putnam Retail Management.

For individual investors, Putnam Investor Services automatically links accounts the registrations of which are under the same last name and address. Account types eligible to be linked for the purpose of qualifying for a right of accumulation discount include the following (in each case as registered to the investor, his or her spouse and his or her children under the age of 21):

(i) individual accounts;

(ii) joint accounts;

(iii) accounts established as part of a plan established pursuant to Section 403(b) of the Code (“403(b) plans”) or an IRA other than a Simple IRA, SARSEP or SEP IRA;

February 17, 2012  II-9 

 



(iv) shares owned through accounts in the name of the investor’s (or spouse’s or minor child’s) dealer or other financial intermediary (with documentation identifying to the satisfaction of Putnam Investor Services the beneficial ownership of such shares); and

(v) accounts established as part of a Section 529 college savings plan managed by Putnam Management.

Shares owned by a plan participant as part of an employee benefit plan of a single employer or of affiliated employers (other than 403(b) plans) or a single fiduciary account opened by a trustee or other fiduciary (including a pension, profit-sharing, or other employee benefit trust created pursuant to a plan qualified under Section 401 of the Code) are not eligible for linking to other accounts attributable to such person to qualify for the right of accumulation discount, although all current purchases made by each such plan may be combined with existing aggregate balances of such plan in Putnam funds for purposes of determining the sales charge applicable to shares purchased at such time by the plan.

To obtain the right of accumulation discount on a purchase through an investment dealer, when each purchase is made the investor or dealer must provide Putnam Retail Management with sufficient information to verify that the purchase qualifies for the privilege or discount. The shareholder must furnish this information to Putnam Investor Services when making direct cash investments. Sales charge discounts under a right of accumulation apply only to current purchases. No credit for right of accumulation purposes is given for any higher sales charge paid with respect to previous purchases for the investor’s account or any linked accounts.

Statement of Intention. Investors may also obtain the reduced sales charges for class A shares or class M shares shown in the prospectus for investments of a particular amount by means of a written Statement of Intention (also referred to as a Letter of Intention), which expresses the investor's intention to invest that amount (including certain "credits," as described below) within a period of 13 months in shares of any class of the fund or any other continuously offered Putnam fund (excluding Putnam money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund), including through an account established as part of a Section 529 college savings plan managed by Putnam Management. Each purchase of class A shares or class M shares under a Statement of Intention will be made at the lesser of (i) the public offering price applicable at the time of such purchase and (ii) the public offering price applicable on the date the Statement of Intention is executed to a single transaction of the total dollar amount indicated in the Statement of Intention.

An investor may receive a credit toward the amount indicated in the Statement of Intention equal to the maximum public offering price as of the close of business on the previous day of all shares he or she owns, or which are eligible to be linked for purposes of the right of accumulation described above, on the date of the Statement of Intention which are eligible for purchase under a Statement of Intention (plus any shares of money market funds and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund acquired by exchange of such eligible shares). Investors do not receive credit for shares purchased by the reinvestment of distributions. Investors qualifying for the "combined purchase privilege" (see above) may purchase shares under a single Statement of Intention.

The Statement of Intention is not a binding obligation upon the investor to purchase the full amount indicated. The minimum initial investment under a Statement of Intention is 5% of such amount, and must be invested immediately. Class A shares or class M shares purchased with the first 5% of such amount will be held in escrow to secure payment of the higher sales charge applicable to the shares actually purchased if the full amount indicated is not purchased. When the full amount indicated has been purchased, the escrow will be released. If an investor desires to redeem escrowed shares before the full amount has been purchased, the shares will be released from escrow only if the investor pays the sales charge that, without regard to the Statement of Intention, would apply to the total investment made to date.

If an investor purchases more than the dollar amount indicated on the Statement of Intention and qualifies for a further reduced sales charge, the sales charge will be adjusted for the entire amount purchased at the end of the 13-month period, upon recovery from the investor's dealer of its portion of the sales charge adjustment. Once received from the dealer, which may take a period of time or may never occur, the sales charge adjustment will

February 17, 2012  II-10 

 



be used to purchase additional shares at the then current offering price applicable to the actual amount of the aggregate purchases. These additional shares will not be considered as part of the total investment for the purpose of determining the applicable sales charge pursuant to the Statement of Intention. No sales charge adjustment will be made unless and until the investor's dealer returns any excess commissions previously received.

If an investor purchases less than the dollar amount indicated on the Statement of Intention within the 13-month period, the sales charge will be adjusted upward for the entire amount purchased at the end of the 13-month period. This adjustment will be made by redeeming shares from the account to cover the additional sales charge, the proceeds of which will be paid to the investor's dealer and Putnam Retail Management. Putnam Retail Management will make a corresponding downward adjustment to the amount of the reallowance payable to the dealer with respect to purchases made prior to the investor’s failure to fulfill the conditions of the Statement of Intention. If the account exceeds an amount that would otherwise qualify for a reduced sales charge, that reduced sales charge will be applied. Adjustments to sales charges and dealer reallowances will not be made in the case of the shareholder’s death prior to the expiration of the 13-month period.

Statements of Intention are not available for certain employee benefit plans.

Statement of Intention forms may be obtained from Putnam Retail Management or from investment dealers. In addition, shareholders may complete the applicable portion of the fund’s standard account application. Interested investors should read the Statement of Intention carefully.

Commissions on Sales to Employee Benefit Plans

Purchases of class A and class R shares. On sales of class A shares at net asset value to certain qualified benefit plans and health reimbursement accounts and sales of class R shares, Putnam Retail Management may, at its discretion, pay commissions to the dealer of record on net monthly purchases up to the following rates: 1.00% of the first $1 million, 0.75% of the next $1 million and 0.50% thereafter.

For commission payments made by Putnam Retail Management to dealers and other financial intermediaries with respect to other classes of shares offered to employee benefit plans and other tax-favored plan investors, see the corresponding sub-heading under “—Sales Charges and Other Share Class Features—Retail Investors.”

DISTRIBUTION PLANS

If the fund or a class of shares of the fund has adopted a distribution (12b-1) plan, the prospectus describes the principal features of the plan. This SAI contains additional information which may be of interest to investors.

Continuance of a plan is subject to annual approval by a vote of the Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the fund and who have no direct or indirect interest in the plan or related arrangements (the "Qualified Trustees"), cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. All material amendments to a plan must be likewise approved by the Trustees and the Qualified Trustees. No plan may be amended in order to increase materially the costs which the fund may bear for distribution pursuant to such plan without also being approved by a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the fund or the relevant class of the fund, as the case may be. A plan terminates automatically in the event of its assignment and may be terminated without penalty, at any time, by a vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the fund or the relevant class of the fund, as the case may be.

February 17, 2012  II-11 

 



The fund makes payments under each plan to Putnam Retail Management to compensate Putnam Retail Management for services provided and expenses incurred by it for purposes of promoting the sale of the relevant class of shares, reducing redemptions of shares or maintaining or improving services provided to shareholders by Putnam Retail Management and investment dealers.

Putnam Retail Management compensates qualifying dealers (including, for this purpose, certain financial institutions) for sales of shares and the maintenance of shareholder accounts.

Putnam Retail Management may suspend or modify its payments to dealers. The payments are also subject to the continuation of the relevant distribution plan, the terms of the service agreements between the dealers and Putnam Retail Management and any applicable limits imposed by FINRA.

Financial institutions receiving payments from Putnam Retail Management as described above may be required to comply with various state and federal regulatory requirements, including among others those regulating the activities of securities brokers or dealers.

Except as otherwise agreed between Putnam Retail Management and a dealer, for purposes of determining the amounts payable to dealers for shareholder accounts for which such dealers are designated as the dealer of record, "average net asset value" means the product of (i) the average daily share balance in such account(s) and (ii) the average daily net asset value of the relevant class of shares over the quarter.

Class A shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at up to the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class A shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record) except as described below. No payments are made during the first year after purchase on shares purchased at net asset value by shareholders that invest at least $1 million, unless the dealer of record has waived the sales commission, or, in the case of dealers of record for a qualified benefit plan investing at least $1 million, where such dealer has agreed to a reduced sales commission.

Rate*  Fund 

0.25%  All funds currently making payments under a class A 
  distribution plan, except for those listed below 

0.20% for shares purchased before 3/21/05;  Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 3/21/05**   

0.20% for shares purchased before 4/1/05;  Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 12/31/89;  Putnam Convertible Securities Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased after 12/31/89  George Putnam Balanced Fund 
  Putnam Global Equity Fund 
  Putnam Global Natural Resources Fund 
  Putnam Global Health Care Fund 
  The Putnam Fund for Growth and Income 
  Putnam Investors Fund 
  Putnam Voyager Fund 

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 3/31/90;  Putnam High Yield Trust 
0.25% for shares purchased after 3/31/90  Putnam U.S. Government Income Trust 

 

February 17, 2012  II-12 

 



Rate*  Fund 

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 1/1/90;  Putnam Equity Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased after 1/1/90   

0.20% for shares purchased on or before 3/31/91;  Putnam Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased after 3/31/91;   

0.10%  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 3/6/92;  Putnam Michigan Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 3/6/92 but before  Putnam Minnesota Tax Exempt Income Fund 
4/1/05;  Putnam Ohio Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 5/11/92;  Putnam Massachusetts Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 5/11/92 but before   
4/1/05;   
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 12/31/92;  Putnam California Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 12/31/92 but  Putnam New Jersey Tax Exempt Income Fund 
before 4/1/05;  Putnam New York Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05  Putnam Tax Exempt Income Fund 

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 3/5/93;  Putnam Arizona Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 3/5/93 but before   
4/1/05;   
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.15% for shares purchased on or before 7/8/93;  Putnam Pennsylvania Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% for shares purchased after 7/8/93 but before   
4/1/05;   
0.25% for shares purchased on or after 4/1/05   

0.00%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund 

 

*For purposes of this table, shares are deemed to be purchased on date of settlement (i.e., once purchased and paid for). Shares issued in connection with dividend reinvestments are considered to be purchased on the date of their issuance, not the issuance of the original shares.

**Shares of Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund issued in connection with the merger of Putnam Municipal Income Fund into that fund pay a commission at the annual rate of 0.20% or 0.25%, based on the date of the original purchase of the shareholder’s corresponding shares of Putnam Municipal Income Fund, as set forth below: 0.20% for shares purchased on or before 5/7/92; 0.25% for shares purchased after 5/7/92.

Class B shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class B shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record).

February 17, 2012  II-13 

 



Rate  Fund 

0.25%  All funds currently making payments under a class B 
  distribution plan, except for those listed below 

0.25%, except that the first year's service fees of  Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund 
0.25% are prepaid at time of sale  Putnam Tax-Free High Yield Fund 

0.20%, except that the first year’s service fees of  Putnam Arizona Tax Exempt Income Fund 
0.20% are prepaid at time of sale  Putnam California Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Massachusetts Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Michigan Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Minnesota Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam New Jersey Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam New York Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Ohio Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Pennsylvania Tax Exempt Income Fund 
  Putnam Tax Exempt Income Fund 

0.00%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

 

Class C shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class C shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record). No payments are made during the first year after purchase unless the shareholder has made arrangements with Putnam Retail Management and the dealer of record has waived the sales commission, except that payments for Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund will be made beginning in the first year.

Rate  Fund 

1.00%  All funds currently making payments under a class C 
  distribution plan, except the fund listed below 

0.50%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

 

February 17, 2012  II-14 

 



Different rates may apply to shares sold outside the United States.

Class M shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class M shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record), except as follows. No payments are made during the first year after purchase on shares purchased at net asset value for Putnam Rollover IRAs, unless the dealer of record has waived the sales commission.

Rate  Fund 

0.65%  All growth, blend, value, global sector and asset 
  allocation funds (excluding funds in the Retirement 
  Income Lifestyle suite) currently making payments 
  under a class M distribution plan, and Putnam 
  Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute 
  Return 700 Fund. 

0.40%  All income funds currently making payments under a 
  class M distribution plan (except for Putnam Floating 
  Rate Income Fund, Putnam Money Market Fund and 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund) and funds in 
  the Retirement Income Lifestyle suite. 

0.30%  Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute 
  Return 300 Fund and Putnam Floating Rate Income 
  Fund 

0.15%  Putnam Money Market Fund 
  Putnam Short Duration Income Fund 

 

Putnam Retail Management’s payments to dealers for plans investing in class M shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record may equal up to the annual rate of 0.75% of the average net asset value of such class M shares for Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund as well as all growth, blend, value, global sector and asset allocation funds currently making payments under a class M distribution plan and up to the annual rate of 0.50% of the average net asset value of such class M shares for all income funds currently making payments under a class M distribution plan (except for Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund).

Different rates may apply to shares sold outside the United States.

Class R shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at up to the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class R shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record).

Rate  Fund 

0.50%  All funds currently making payments under a class R 
  distribution plan 

 

February 17, 2012  II-15 

 



A portion of the class R distribution fee payable to dealers may be paid to third parties who provide services to plans investing in class R shares and participants in such plans.

Class T shares:

Putnam Retail Management makes quarterly (or in certain cases monthly) payments to dealers at the annual rates set forth below (as a percentage of the average net asset value of class T shares for which such dealers are designated the dealer of record).

Rate  Fund 

0.25%  Putnam Money Market Fund 

 

Additional Dealer Payments

As described earlier in this section, dealers may receive different commissions, sales charge reallowances and other payments with respect to sales of different classes of shares of the funds. These payments may include servicing payments to retirement plan administrators and other institutions up to the same levels as described above. For purposes of this section the term “dealer” includes any broker, dealer, bank, bank trust department, registered investment advisor, financial planner, retirement plan administrator and any other institution having a selling, services, or any similar agreement with Putnam Retail Management or one of its affiliates.

Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates pay additional compensation to selected dealers under the categories described below. These categories are not mutually exclusive, and a single dealer may receive payments under all categories. These payments may create an incentive for a dealer firm or its representatives to recommend or offer shares of the fund or other Putnam funds to its customers. These additional payments are made pursuant to agreements with dealers and do not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of a share or the amount a fund will receive as proceeds from such sales or the distribution (12b-1) fees and the expenses paid by the fund as shown under the heading “Fees and Expenses” in the prospectus.

Marketing Support Payments. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates make payments to certain dealers for marketing support services. These payments are individually negotiated with each dealer firm, taking into account the marketing support services provided by the dealer, including business planning assistance, educating dealer personnel about the Putnam funds and shareholder financial planning needs, placement on the dealer’s preferred or recommended fund company list, and access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the dealer, as well as the size of the dealer’s relationship with Putnam Retail Management. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates compensate dealers differently depending upon, among other factors, the level and/or type of marketing support provided by the dealer. Payments are generally based on one or more of the following factors: average net assets of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to that dealer, gross or net sales of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to that dealer, reimbursement of ticket charges (fees that a dealer firm charges its representatives for effecting transactions in fund shares) or a negotiated lump sum payment for services rendered. In addition, payments typically apply to retail sales and assets, but may not, in certain situations, apply to other specific types of sales or assets, such as to retirement plans or fee-based advisory programs.

Although the total of marketing support payments made to dealers in any year may vary, on average, the aggregate payments are not expected, on an annual basis, to exceed 0.085% of the average assets of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to the dealers.

The following dealers (and such dealers’ respective affiliates) received marketing support payments from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates during the calendar year ended December 31, 2011:

February 17, 2012  II-16 

 



American Portfolios Financial Services, Inc.  Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. 

Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc.  MetLife Securities, Inc. 

AXA Advisors, LLC  Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC 

BancWest Investment Services, Inc.  Multi-Financial Securities Corporation 

Cadaret, Grant & Co. Inc.  National Planning Corporation 

Cambridge Investment Research, Inc.  New England Securities Corporation 

CCO Investment Services Corp.  NFP Securities, Inc. 

Chase Investment Services Corp.  Northwestern Mutual Investment Services, LLC 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.  Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. 

Commonwealth Equity Services  PrimeVest Financial Services, Inc. 

CUNA Brokerage Services, Inc.  Raymond James & Associates, Inc. 

CUSO Financial Services, L.P.  Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. 

Financial Network Investment Corporation  RBC Capital Markets Corporation 

FSC Securities Corporation  Royal Alliance Associates 

Genworth Financial Securities Corp.  Sagepoint Financial, Inc. 

Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company  Securities America Financial Corporation, Inc. 

HD Vest Investment Securities, Inc.  SII Investments 

ING Financial Partners  Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated 

INVEST Financial Corporation  SunTrust Investment Services, Inc. 

Investment Centers of America, Inc.  Tower Square Securities, Inc. 

Janney Montgomery Scott LLC  U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc. 

Lincoln Financial Advisors Corp.  UBS Financial Services Inc. 

Lincoln Financial Securities Corporation  UVEST Financial Services, Inc. 

Lincoln Investment Planning, Inc.  Walnut Street Securities, Inc. 

LPL Financial Corporation  Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC 

MMC Securities Corp.  Woodbury Financial Services, Inc. 

M&T Securities, Inc.   

 

Additional dealers may receive marketing support payments in 2012 and in future years. Any additions, modifications or deletions to the list of dealers identified above that have occurred since December 31, 2011 are not reflected. You can ask your dealer about any payments it receives from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates.

Program Servicing Payments. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates will also make payments to certain dealers that sell Putnam fund shares through retirement plans and other investment programs to compensate dealers for a variety of services they provide to such programs. A dealer may perform program services itself or may arrange with a third party to perform program services. In addition to participant recordkeeping, reporting, or transaction processing, program services may include services rendered in connection with fund/investment selection and monitoring, employee enrollment and education, plan balance rollover or separation, or other similar services. Payments by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates for program servicing support to any one dealer are not expected, with certain limited exceptions, to exceed 0.20% of the total assets in the program on an annual basis. In addition, Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates will make one-time or annual payments to selected dealers receiving program servicing payments in reimbursement of printing costs for literature for participants, account maintenance fees or fees for establishment of Putnam funds on the dealer’s system. The amounts of these payments may, but will not normally (except in cases where the aggregate assets in the program are small), cause the aggregate amount of the program servicing payments to such dealer on an annual basis to exceed the amounts set forth above.

The following dealers (and such dealers’ respective affiliates) received program servicing payments from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates during the calendar year ended December 31, 2011:

February 17, 2012  II-17 

 



ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc.  Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. 

Ascensus, Inc.  MidAtlantic Capital Corporation 

Benefit Plans Administrators  MSCS Financial Services, LLC 

Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.  National Financial Services LLC 

Charles Schwab Trust Company  Nationwide Investment Services Corporation 

City National Bank  Nationwide Life Insurance Company 

CompuSys/Erisa Group  Newport Retirement Services, Inc. 

Correll Co.  NYLIFE Distributors LLC 

CPI Qualified Plan Consultants, Inc.  Paychex Securities Corporation 

DailyAccess Corporation  Pershing LLC 

Digital Retirement Solutions  Plan Administrators, Inc. 

Dyatech, LLC  The Princeton Retirement Group, Inc. 

ExpertPlan, Inc.  Principal Life Insurance Co. 

Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc.  Raymond James & Associates, Inc. 

Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Co.  Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. 

Genworth Life Insurance Co of New York  Reliance Trust Company 

Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company  SunTrust Bank 

GWFS Equities, Inc.  TD Ameritrade Trust Company 

Hartford Life Insurance Company  The Prudential Insurance Company of America 

Hartford Securities Distribution Company, Inc.  The Vanguard Group Inc. 

Hewitt Associates LLC  Transamerica Advisors Life Insurance Company 

July Business Services  Transamerica Advisors Life Insurance Company of New York 

Leggette & Company, Inc.  VALIC Retirement Services Company 

Lincoln Retirement Services Company, LLC  Wilmington Trust Company 

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co.  Wilmington Trust Retirement & Institutional Services Co. 

Mercer HR Services LLC   

 

Additional dealers may receive program servicing payments in 2012 and in future years. Any additions, modifications or deletions to the list of dealers identified above that have occurred since December 31, 2011 are not reflected. You can ask your dealer about any payments it receives from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates.

Other Payments. From time to time, Putnam Retail Management, at its expense, may provide additional compensation to dealers which sell or arrange for the sale of shares of the fund to the extent not prohibited by laws or the rules of any self-regulatory agency, such as FINRA. Such compensation provided by Putnam Retail Management may include financial assistance to dealers that enable Putnam Retail Management to participate in and/or present at dealer-sponsored conferences or seminars, sales or training programs for invited registered representatives and other dealer employees, dealer entertainment, and other dealer-sponsored events, and travel expenses, including lodging incurred by registered representatives and other employees in connection with prospecting, retention and due diligence trips. Putnam Retail Management makes payments for entertainment events it deems appropriate, subject to Putnam Retail Management’s internal guidelines and applicable law. These payments may vary upon the nature of the event.

Certain dealers also receive payments from the funds’ transfer agent in recognition of sub-accounting or other services they provide to shareholders or plan participants who invest in the fund or other Putnam funds through their retirement plan. These payments are not expected, with certain exceptions both for affiliated and unaffiliated entities noted in the discussion under the heading “MANAGEMENT – Investor Servicing Agent,” to exceed 0.13% of the total assets of such shareholders or plan participants in the fund or other Putnam funds on an annual basis. See the discussion under the heading “MANAGEMENT – Investor Servicing Agent” for more details.

February 17, 2012  II-18 

 



You can ask your dealer for information about payments it receives from Putnam Retail Management or its affiliates and the services it provides for those payments.

In addition to payments to dealers described above, Putnam Investor Services or Putnam Retail Management may, at the direction of a retirement plan’s sponsor, reimburse or pay direct expenses of the plan that would otherwise be payable by the plan. Putnam Investor Services also, at its expense, may make payments to financial intermediaries for introducing to Putnam Investor Services, and/or assisting Putnam Investor Services in the provision of services to, certain retirement plans administered by Putnam Investor Services. Such payments to any one financial intermediary are not expected to exceed an annual rate of 0.05% of a plan’s average net assets.

MISCELLANEOUS INVESTMENTS, INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND RISKS

As noted in the prospectus, in addition to the main investment strategies and the principal risks described in the prospectus, the fund may employ other investment practices and may be subject to other risks, which are described below. Because the following is a combined description of investment strategies of all of the Putnam funds, certain matters described herein may not apply to your fund. Unless a strategy or policy described below is specifically prohibited or limited by the investment restrictions discussed in the fund’s prospectus or in this SAI, or by applicable law, the fund may engage in each of the practices described below without limit. This section contains information on the investments and investment practices listed below. With respect to funds for which Putnam Investments Limited (“PIL”) and/or The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (“PAC”) serves as sub-investment manager (as described in the fund’s prospectus), references to Putnam Management in this section include PIL and/or PAC, as appropriate.

Alternative Investment Strategies  Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities 

Bank Loans  Options on Securities 

Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage  Preferred Stocks and Convertible Securities 

Derivatives  Private Placements and Restricted Securities 

Exchange-Traded Notes  Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) 

Floating Rate and Variable Rate Demand Notes  Redeemable Securities 

Foreign Currency Transactions  Repurchase Agreements 

Foreign Investments and Related Risks  Securities Loans 

Forward Commitments and Dollar Rolls  Securities of Other Investment Companies 

Futures Contracts and Related Options  Short-term Trading 

Hybrid Instruments  Special Purpose Acquisition Companies 

Inflation-Protected Securities  Structured Investments 

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)  Swap Agreements 

Interfund Borrowing and Lending  Tax-exempt Securities 

Inverse Floaters  Warrants 

Lower-rated Securities  Zero-coupon and Payment-in-kind Bonds 

Money Market Instruments   

 

Alternative Investment Strategies

At times, Putnam Management may judge that market conditions may make pursuing a fund's investment strategies inconsistent with the best interests of its shareholders. Putnam Management then may temporarily use alternative strategies that are mainly designed to limit the fund's losses. In implementing these strategies, the fund may invest primarily in, among other things, debt securities, preferred stocks, U.S. Government and agency obligations, cash or money market instruments (including, to the extent permitted by law or applicable exemptive relief, money market funds), or any other securities Putnam Management considers consistent with such defensive strategies.

February 17, 2012  II-19 

 



Bank Loans

The fund may invest in bank loans. By purchasing a loan, the fund acquires some or all of the interest of a bank or other lending institution in a loan to a particular borrower. The fund may act as part of a lending syndicate, and in such cases would be purchasing a “participation” in the loan. The fund may also purchase loans by assignment from another lender. Many loans are secured by the assets of the borrower, and most impose restrictive covenants which must be met by the borrower. These loans are typically made by a syndicate of banks, represented by an agent bank which has negotiated and structured the loan and which is responsible generally for collecting interest, principal, and other amounts from the borrower on its own behalf and on behalf of the other lending institutions in the syndicate, and for enforcing its and their other rights against the borrower. Each of the lending institutions, including the agent bank, lends to the borrower a portion of the total amount of the loan, and retains the corresponding interest in the loan.

The fund’s ability to receive payments of principal and interest and other amounts in connection with loan participations held by it will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower (and, in some cases, the lending institution from which it purchases the loan). The value of collateral, if any, securing a loan can decline, or may be insufficient to meet the borrower’s obligations or difficult to liquidate. In addition, the fund’s access to collateral may be limited by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. The failure by the fund to receive scheduled interest or principal payments on a loan would adversely affect the income of the fund and would likely reduce the value of its assets, which would be reflected in a reduction in the fund's net asset value. Banks and other lending institutions generally perform a credit analysis of the borrower before originating a loan or participating in a lending syndicate. In selecting the loans in which the fund will invest, however, Putnam Management will not rely solely on that credit analysis, but will perform its own investment analysis of the borrowers. Putnam Management's analysis may include consideration of the borrower's financial strength and managerial experience, debt coverage, additional borrowing requirements or debt maturity schedules, changing financial conditions, and responsiveness to changes in business conditions and interest rates. Putnam Management will generally not have access to non-public information to which other investors in syndicated loans may have access. Because loans in which the fund may invest are not generally rated by independent credit rating agencies, a decision by the fund to invest in a particular loan will depend almost exclusively on Putnam Management's, and the original lending institution's, credit analysis of the borrower. Investments in loans may be of any quality, including “distressed” loans, and will be subject to the fund’s credit quality policy. The loans in which the fund may invest include those that pay fixed rates of interest and those that pay floating rates – i.e., rates that adjust periodically based on a known lending rate, such as a bank’s prime rate.

Loans may be structured in different forms, including novations, assignments and participating interests. In a novation, the fund assumes all of the rights of a lending institution in a loan, including the right to receive payments of principal and interest and other amounts directly from the borrower and to enforce its rights as a lender directly against the borrower. The fund assumes the position of a co-lender with other syndicate members. As an alternative, the fund may purchase an assignment of a portion of a lender's interest in a loan. In this case, the fund may be required generally to rely upon the assigning bank to demand payment and enforce its rights against the borrower, but would otherwise be entitled to all of such bank's rights in the loan. The fund may also purchase a participating interest in a portion of the rights of a lending institution in a loan. In such case, it will be entitled to receive payments of principal, interest and premium, if any, but will not generally be entitled to enforce its rights directly against the agent bank or the borrower, and must rely for that purpose on the lending institution. The fund may also acquire a loan interest directly by acting as a member of the original lending syndicate.

The fund will in many cases be required to rely upon the lending institution from which it purchases the loan to collect and pass on to the fund such payments and to enforce the fund's rights under the loan. As a result, an insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of the lending institution may delay or prevent the fund from receiving principal, interest and other amounts with respect to the underlying loan. When the fund is required

February 17, 2012  II-20 

 



to rely upon a lending institution to pay to the fund principal, interest and other amounts received by it, Putnam Management will also evaluate the creditworthiness of the lending institution.

The borrower of a loan in which the fund holds an interest may, either at its own election or pursuant to terms of the loan documentation, prepay amounts of the loan from time to time. There is no assurance that the fund will be able to reinvest the proceeds of any loan prepayment at the same interest rate or on the same terms as those of the original loan.

Corporate loans in which the fund may invest are generally made to finance internal growth, mergers, acquisitions, stock repurchases, leveraged buy-outs and other corporate activities. A significant portion of the corporate loans purchased by the fund may represent interests in loans made to finance highly leveraged corporate acquisitions, known as "leveraged buy-out" transactions, leveraged recapitalization loans and other types of acquisition financing. The highly leveraged capital structure of the borrowers in such transactions may make such loans especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. In addition, loans generally are subject to restrictions on transfer, and only limited opportunities may exist to sell such participations in secondary markets. As a result, the fund may be unable to sell loans at a time when it may otherwise be desirable to do so or may be able to sell them only at a price that is less than their fair market value. The fund may hold investments in loans for a very short period of time when opportunities to resell the investments that Putnam Management believes are attractive arise.

Certain of the loans acquired by the fund may involve revolving credit facilities under which a borrower may from time to time borrow and repay amounts up to the maximum amount of the facility. In such cases, the fund would have an obligation to advance its portion of such additional borrowings upon the terms specified in the loan participation. To the extent that the fund is committed to make additional loans under such a participation, it will at all times set aside on its books liquid assets in an amount sufficient to meet such commitments. Certain of the loan participations acquired by the fund may also involve loans made in foreign (i.e., non-U.S.) currencies. The fund's investment in such participations would involve the risks of currency fluctuations described above with respect to investments in the foreign securities.

With respect to its management of investments in bank loans, Putnam Management will normally seek to avoid receiving material, non-public information (“Confidential Information”) about the issuers of bank loans being considered for acquisition by the fund or held in the fund’s portfolio. In many instances, borrowers may offer to furnish Confidential Information to prospective investors, and to holders, of the issuer’s loans. Putnam Management’s decision not to receive Confidential Information may place Putnam Management at a disadvantage relative to other investors in loans (which could have an adverse effect on the price the fund pays or receives when buying or selling loans). Also, in instances where holders of loans are asked to grant amendments, waivers or consent, Putnam Management’s ability to assess their significance or desirability may be adversely affected. For these and other reasons, it is possible that Putnam Management’s decision not to receive Confidential Information under normal circumstances could adversely affect the fund’s investment performance.

Notwithstanding its intention generally not to receive material, non-public information with respect to its management of investments in loans, Putnam Management may from time to time come into possession of material, non-public information about the issuers of loans that may be held in the fund’s portfolio. Possession of such information may in some instances occur despite Putnam Management’s efforts to avoid such possession, but in other instances Putnam Management may choose to receive such information (for example, in connection with participation in a creditors’ committee with respect to a financially distressed issuer). As, and to the extent, required by applicable law, Putnam Management's ability to trade in these loans for the account of the fund could potentially be limited by its possession of such information. Such limitations on Putnam Management's ability to trade could have an adverse effect on the fund by, for example, preventing the fund from selling a loan that is experiencing a material decline in value. In some instances, these trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial period of time.

February 17, 2012  II-21 

 



In some instances, other accounts managed by Putnam Management or an affiliate may hold other securities issued by borrowers whose loans may be held in the fund’s portfolio. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the loans held in the fund’s portfolio, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the issuer deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the issuer’s loans. In such cases, Putnam Management may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the fund and other client accounts. Putnam Management will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if Putnam Management's client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuer’s securities.

Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage

The fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by its investment policies and restrictions and applicable law. When the fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its portfolio, the value of an investment in the fund will be more volatile and other investment risks will tend to be compounded. This is because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the fund’s holdings. In addition to borrowing money from banks, the fund may engage in certain other investment transactions that may be viewed as forms of financial leverage – for example, using dollar rolls, investing collateral from loans of portfolio securities, entering into when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment transactions or using derivatives such as swaps, futures, forwards, and options. Because the fund either (1) sets aside cash (or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees) on its books in respect of such transactions during the period in which the transactions are open or (2) otherwise “covers” its obligations under the transactions, such as by holding offsetting investments, the fund does not consider these transactions to be borrowings for purposes of its investment restrictions or “senior securities” for purposes of the 1940 Act. In some cases (e.g., with respect to futures and forwards that are contractually required to “cash-settle”), the fund is permitted under relevant guidance from the SEC or SEC staff to set aside assets with respect to an investment transaction in the amount of its net (marked-to-market) obligations thereunder, rather than the full notional amount of the transaction. By setting aside assets equal only to its net obligations, the fund will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if it set aside assets equal to the notional amount of the transaction, which may increase the risk associated with such investments.

Each Putnam fund (other than Putnam RetirementReady® Funds, Putnam Global Sector Fund and Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund) participates in committed and uncommitted lines of credit with State Street Bank and Trust Company. These lines of credit are intended to provide a temporary source of cash in extraordinary or emergency circumstances, such as unexpected shareholder redemption requests. The fund may pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit, in addition to the stated interest rate.

Derivatives

Certain of the instruments in which the fund may invest, such as futures contracts, options, hybrid instruments, forward contracts, swap agreements and structured investments, are considered to be "derivatives." Derivatives are financial instruments whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value or other attributes of an underlying asset, such as a security or an index. Further information about these instruments and the risks involved in their use is included elsewhere in the prospectus and in this SAI. The fund’s use of derivatives may cause the fund to recognize higher amounts of short-term capital gains, which are generally taxed to shareholders at ordinary income tax rates. The fund’s use of commodity-linked derivatives can bear on or be limited by the fund’s intention to qualify as a “regulated investment company” under the Code, as discussed in “Taxes” below. Investments in derivatives may be applied toward meeting a requirement to invest in a particular kind of investment if the derivatives have economic characteristics similar to that investment. The fund’s use of certain derivatives may in some cases involve forms of financial leverage, which involves risk and may increase the volatility of the fund’s net asset value. See “—Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage.” In its use of derivatives, the fund may take both long positions (the values of which move in the

February 17, 2012  II-22 

 



same direction as the prices of the underlying investments, pools of investments, indexes or currencies), and short positions (the values of which move in the opposite direction from the prices of the underlying investments, pools of investments indexes or currencies).

Short positions may involve greater risks than long positions, as the risk of loss may be theoretically unlimited (unlike a long position, in which the risk of loss may be limited to the amount invested). The fund may use derivatives that combine “long” and “short” positions in order to capture the difference between underlying investments, pools of investments, indices or currencies.

Exchange Traded Notes

The fund may invest in exchange traded notes (“ETNs”). ETNs are typically senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market index less applicable fees and expenses. ETNs are listed on an exchange and traded in the secondary market. The fund may hold the ETN until maturity, at which time the issuer is obligated to pay a return linked to the performance of the relevant market index. ETNs do not make periodic interest payments and principal is not protected.

The market value of an ETN may be influenced by, among other things, time to maturity, level of supply and demand of the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in the underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, the current performance of the market index to which the ETN is linked, and the credit rating of the ETN issuer. The market value of an ETN may differ from the performance of the applicable market index and there may be times when an ETN trades at a premium or discount. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETNs at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities underlying the market index that the ETN seeks to track. A change in the issuer’s credit rating may also impact the value of an ETN despite the underlying market index remaining unchanged. ETNs are also subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) will accept, or a court will uphold, how the fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes.

An ETN that is tied to a specific market index may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market index. ETNs also incur certain expenses not incurred by their applicable market index, and the fund would bear a proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN in which it invests.

The fund’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. Some ETNs that use leverage in an effort to amplify the returns of an underlying market index can, at times, be relatively illiquid and may therefore be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs may offer the potential for greater return, but the potential for loss and speed at which losses can be realized also are greater.

ETNs are generally similar to structured investments and hybrid instruments. For discussion of these investments and the risks generally associated with them, see “Hybrid Instruments” and “Structured Investments” in this SAI.

Floating Rate and Variable Rate Demand Notes

The fund may purchase taxable or tax-exempt floating rate and variable rate demand notes for short-term cash management or other investment purposes. Floating rate and variable rate demand notes and bonds may have a stated maturity in excess of one year, but may have features that permit a holder to demand payment of principal plus accrued interest upon a specified number of days notice. Frequently, such obligations are secured by letters of credit or other credit support arrangements provided by banks. The issuer has a corresponding right, after a given period, to prepay in its discretion the outstanding principal of the obligation

February 17, 2012  II-23 

 



plus accrued interest upon a specific number of days notice to the holders. The interest rate of a floating rate instrument may be based on a known lending rate, such as a bank's prime rate, and is reset whenever such rate is adjusted. The interest rate on a variable rate demand note is reset at specified intervals at a market rate.

Foreign Currency Transactions

To manage its exposure to foreign currencies, the fund may engage in foreign currency exchange transactions, including purchasing and selling foreign currency, foreign currency options, foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency futures contracts and related options. In addition, the fund may engage in these transactions for the purpose of increasing its return. Foreign currency transactions involve costs, and, if unsuccessful, may reduce the fund’s return.

Generally, the fund may engage in both "transaction hedging" and "position hedging." The fund may also engage in foreign currency transactions for non-hedging purposes, subject to applicable law. When it engages in transaction hedging, the fund enters into foreign currency transactions with respect to specific receivables or payables, generally arising in connection with the purchase or sale of portfolio securities. The fund will engage in transaction hedging when it desires to "lock in" the U.S. dollar price of a security it has agreed to purchase or sell, or the U.S. dollar equivalent of a dividend or interest payment in a foreign currency. By transaction hedging the fund will attempt to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and the applicable foreign currency during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment is earned, and the date on which such payments are made or received. The fund may also engage in position hedging to protect against a decline in the value relative to the U.S. dollar of the currencies in which its portfolio securities are denominated or quoted (or an increase in the value of the currency in which securities the fund intends to buy are denominated or quoted).

The fund may purchase or sell a foreign currency on a spot (or cash) basis at the prevailing spot rate in connection with the settlement of transactions in portfolio securities denominated in that foreign currency or for other hedging or non-hedging purposes. If conditions warrant, for hedging or non-hedging purposes, the fund may also enter into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date ("forward contracts") and purchase and sell foreign currency futures contracts. The fund may also purchase or sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter call and put options on foreign currency futures contracts and on foreign currencies.

A foreign currency futures contract is a standardized exchange-traded contract for the future delivery of a specified amount of a foreign currency at a price set at the time of the contract. Foreign currency futures contracts traded in the United States are designed by and traded on exchanges regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC"), such as the New York Mercantile Exchange, and have margin requirements.

A foreign currency forward contract is a negotiated agreement to exchange currency at a future time, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract as agreed by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. The contract price may be higher or lower than the current spot rate. In the case of a cancelable forward contract, the holder has the unilateral right to cancel the contract at maturity by paying a specified fee. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts differ from foreign currency futures contracts in certain respects. For example, the maturity date of a forward contract may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, rather than a predetermined date in a given month. Forward contracts may be in any amount agreed upon by the parties rather than predetermined amounts. In addition, forward contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers, so that no intermediary is required. A forward contract generally has no deposit requirement, and no commissions are charged at any stage for trades.

At the maturity of a forward or futures contract, the fund either may accept or make delivery of the currency specified in the contract, or at or prior to maturity enter into a closing transaction involving the purchase or

February 17, 2012  II-24 

 



sale of an offsetting contract. Closing transactions with respect to forward contracts are usually effected with the currency trader who is a party to the original forward contract. Closing transactions with respect to futures contracts may be effected only on a commodities exchange or board of trade which provides a secondary market in such contracts; a clearing corporation associated with the exchange assumes responsibility for closing out such contracts.

Although the fund intends to purchase or sell foreign currency futures contracts only on exchanges or boards of trade where there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that a secondary market on an exchange or board of trade will exist for any particular contract or at any particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures position and, in the event of adverse price movements, the fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin.

It is impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration or maturity of a forward or futures contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for the fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the security or securities being hedged is less than the amount of foreign currency the fund is obligated to deliver and a decision is made to sell the security or securities and make delivery of the foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio security or securities if the market value of such security or securities exceeds the amount of foreign currency the fund is obligated to deliver.

As noted above, the fund may purchase or sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter call and put options on foreign currency futures contracts and on foreign currencies. A put option on a futures contract gives the fund the right to assume a short position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A put option on a currency gives the fund the right to sell the currency at an exercise price until the expiration of the option. A call option on a futures contract gives the fund the right to assume a long position in the futures contract until the expiration of the option. A call option on a currency gives the fund the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the expiration of the option.

Foreign currency options are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market, although options on foreign currencies are also listed on several exchanges. Options are traded not only on the currencies of individual nations, but also on the euro, the joint currency of most countries in the European Union.

The fund will only purchase or write foreign currency options when Putnam Management believes that a liquid secondary market exists for such options. There can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular option at any specific time. Options on foreign currencies may be affected by all of those factors which influence foreign exchange rates and investments generally.

The fund's currency hedging transactions may call for the delivery of one foreign currency in exchange for another foreign currency and may at times not involve currencies in which its portfolio securities are then denominated. Putnam Management will engage in such "cross hedging" activities when it believes that such transactions provide significant hedging opportunities for the fund. Cross hedging transactions by the fund involve the risk of imperfect correlation between changes in the values of the currencies to which such transactions relate and changes in the value of the currency or other asset or liability which is the subject of the hedge.

Transaction and position hedging do not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities that the fund owns or intends to purchase or sell. They simply establish a rate of exchange which one can achieve at some future point in time. Additionally, although these techniques tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they involve costs to the fund and tend to limit any potential gain which might result from the increase in value of such currency.

February 17, 2012  II-25 

 



The fund may also engage in non-hedging currency transactions. For example, Putnam Management may believe that exposure to a currency is in the fund's best interest but that securities denominated in that currency are unattractive. In this situation, the fund may purchase a currency forward contract or option in order to increase its exposure to the currency. In accordance with SEC regulations, the fund will set aside liquid assets on its books to cover forward contracts used for non-hedging purposes.

In addition, the fund may seek to increase its current return or to offset some of the costs of hedging against fluctuations in current exchange rates by writing covered call options and covered put options on foreign currencies. The fund receives a premium from writing a call or put option, which increases the fund's current return if the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a net profit. The fund may terminate an option that it has written prior to its expiration by entering into a closing purchase transaction in which it purchases an option having the same terms as the option written.

The value of any currency, including U.S. dollars and foreign currencies, may be affected by complex political and economic factors applicable to the issuing country. In addition, the exchange rates of foreign currencies (and therefore the values of foreign currency options, forward contracts and futures contracts) may be affected significantly, fixed, or supported directly or indirectly by U.S. and foreign government actions. Government intervention may increase risks involved in purchasing or selling foreign currency options, forward contracts and futures contracts, since exchange rates may not be free to fluctuate in response to other market forces.

The value of a foreign currency option, forward contract or futures contract reflects the value of an exchange rate, which in turn reflects relative values of two currencies -- the U.S. dollar and the foreign currency in question. Although foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for currency conversion, they do realize a profit based on the difference (the "spread") between prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to the fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the fund desire to resell that currency to the dealer. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market involve substantially larger amounts than those that may be involved in the exercise of foreign currency options, forward contracts and futures contracts, investors may be disadvantaged by having to deal in an odd-lot market for the underlying foreign currencies in connection with options at prices that are less favorable than for round lots. Foreign governmental restrictions or taxes could result in adverse changes in the cost of acquiring or disposing of foreign currencies.

There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign currencies and there is no regulatory requirement that quotations available through dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Available quotation information is generally representative of very large round-lot transactions in the interbank market and thus may not reflect exchange rates for smaller odd-lot transactions (less than $1 million) where rates may be less favorable. The interbank market in foreign currencies is a global, around-the-clock market. To the extent that options markets are closed while the markets for the underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements may take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets.

The decision as to whether and to what extent the fund will engage in foreign currency exchange transactions will depend on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions, the composition of the fund's portfolio and the availability of suitable transactions. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the fund will engage in foreign currency exchange transactions at any given time or from time to time.

Foreign Investments and Related Risks

Foreign securities are normally denominated and traded in foreign currencies. As a result, the value of the fund's foreign investments and the value of its shares may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar. In addition, the fund is required to compute and distribute its income in U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the exchange rate for a foreign currency declines after a fund's income has been earned and translated into U.S. dollars (but before payment), the fund could be required to liquidate

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portfolio securities to make such distributions. Similarly, if an exchange rate declines between the time a fund incurs expenses in U.S. dollars and the time such expenses are paid, the amount of such currency required to be converted into U.S. dollars in order to pay such expenses in U.S. dollars will be greater than the equivalent amount in any such currency of such expenses at the time they were incurred.

There may be less information publicly available about a foreign issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and foreign issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those in the United States. In addition, there may be less (or less effective) regulation of exchanges, brokers and listed companies in some foreign countries. The securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and at times more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers. Foreign brokerage commissions, custodial expenses and other fees are also generally higher than in the United States.

Foreign settlement procedures and trade regulations may be more complex and involve certain risks (such as delay in payment or delivery of securities or in the recovery of the fund's assets held abroad) and expenses not present in the settlement of investments in U.S. markets. For example, settlement of transactions involving foreign securities or foreign currencies (see below) may occur within a foreign country, and the fund may accept or make delivery of the underlying securities or currency in conformity with any applicable U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations, and may pay fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery. Such investments may also involve the risk that an entity involved in the settlement may not meet its obligations.

In addition, foreign securities may be subject to the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, imposition of currency exchange controls, foreign withholding taxes or restrictions on the repatriation of foreign currency, confiscatory taxation, political, social or financial instability and diplomatic developments which could affect the value of the fund's investments in certain foreign countries. Dividends or interest on, or proceeds from the sale of, foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, and special U.S. tax considerations may apply.

Note on MSCI Indices. MSCI, Inc. (MSCI) publishes two versions of its indices reflecting the reinvestment of dividends using two different methodologies: gross dividends and net dividends. While both versions reflect reinvested dividends, they differ with respect to the manner in which taxes associated with dividend payments are treated. In calculating the net dividends version, MSCI incorporates reinvested dividends applying the withholding tax rate applicable to foreign non-resident institutional investors that do not benefit from double taxation treaties. Putnam Management believes that the net dividends version of MSCI indices better reflects the returns U.S. investors might expect were they to invest directly in the component securities of an MSCI index.

Legal remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be more limited than those available with respect to investments in the United States or in other foreign countries. The laws of some foreign countries may limit the fund's ability to invest in securities of certain issuers organized under the laws of those foreign countries.

The risks described above, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, typically are increased in connection with investments in developing countries, also known as "emerging markets." For example, political and economic structures in these countries may be in their infancy and developing rapidly, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. Certain of these countries have in the past failed to recognize private property rights and have at times nationalized and expropriated the assets of private companies. High rates of inflation or currency devaluations may adversely affect the economies and securities markets of such countries. Investments in emerging markets may be considered speculative.

The currencies of certain emerging market countries have experienced devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar, and future devaluations may adversely affect the value of assets denominated in such currencies. Many emerging market countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation

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or deflation for many years, and future inflation may adversely affect the economies and securities markets of such countries.

In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in emerging markets and the availability of additional investments in these markets. The small size, limited trading volume and relative inexperience of the securities markets in these countries may make investments in securities traded in emerging markets illiquid and more volatile than investments in securities traded in more developed countries, and the fund may be required to establish special custodial or other arrangements before making investments in securities traded in emerging markets. There may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers of emerging market securities, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value or prospects of an investment in such securities.

American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) as well as other “hybrid” forms of ADRs, including European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer. These certificates are issued by depository banks and generally trade on an established market in the United States or elsewhere. The underlying shares are held in trust by a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the issuer’s home country. The depository bank may not have physical custody of the underlying securities at all times and may charge fees for various services, including forwarding dividends and interest and corporate actions. ADRs are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, ADRs continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing in foreign securities.

Certain of the foregoing risks may also apply to some extent to securities of U.S. issuers that are denominated in foreign currencies or that are traded in foreign markets, or securities of U.S. issuers having significant foreign operations.

Forward Commitments and Dollar Rolls

The fund may enter into contracts to purchase securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time ("forward commitments") if the fund sets aside on its books liquid assets in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price, or if the fund enters into offsetting contracts for the forward sale of other securities it owns. In the case of to-be-announced ("TBA") purchase commitments, the unit price and the estimated principal amount are established when the fund enters into a contract, with the actual principal amount being within a specified range of the estimate. Forward commitments may be considered securities in themselves, and involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in the value of the fund's other assets. Where such purchases are made through dealers, the fund relies on the dealer to consummate the sale. The dealer's failure to do so may result in the loss to the fund of an advantageous yield or price. Although the fund will generally enter into forward commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio or for delivery pursuant to options contracts it has entered into, the fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if Putnam Management deems it appropriate to do so. The fund may realize short-term profits or losses upon the sale of forward commitments.

The fund may enter into TBA sale commitments to hedge its portfolio positions or to sell securities it owns under delayed delivery arrangements. Proceeds of TBA sale commitments are not received until the contractual settlement date. During the time a TBA sale commitment is outstanding, equivalent deliverable securities, or an offsetting TBA purchase commitment deliverable on or before the sale commitment date, are held as "cover" for the transaction. Unsettled TBA sale commitments are valued at current market value of the underlying securities. If the TBA sale commitment is closed through the acquisition of an offsetting purchase commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss on the commitment without regard to any unrealized gain or loss on the underlying security. If the fund delivers securities under the commitment, the fund realizes a gain or loss from the sale of the securities based upon the unit price established at the date the commitment was entered into.

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The fund may enter into dollar roll transactions (generally using TBAs) in which it sells a fixed income security for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to purchase similar securities (for example, same type, coupon and maturity) at an agreed upon future time. By engaging in a dollar roll transaction, the fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the security that is sold, but receives the difference between the current sales price and the forward price for the future purchase. The fund would also be able to earn interest on the proceeds of the sale before they are reinvested. The fund accounts for dollar rolls as purchases and sales. Because cash (or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees) in the amount of the fund’s commitment under a dollar roll is set aside on the fund’s books, the fund does not consider these transactions to be borrowings for purposes of its investment restrictions.

The obligation to purchase securities on a specified future date involves the risk that the market value of the securities that the fund is obligated to purchase may decline below the purchase price. In addition, in the event the other party to the transaction files for bankruptcy, becomes insolvent or defaults on its obligation, the fund may be adversely affected.

Futures Contracts and Related Options

Subject to applicable law, the fund may invest without limit in futures contracts and related options for hedging and non-hedging purposes, such as to manage the effective duration of the fund's portfolio or as a substitute for direct investment. A financial futures contract sale creates an obligation by the seller to deliver the type of financial instrument called for in the contract in a specified delivery month for a stated price. A financial futures contract purchase creates an obligation by the purchaser to take delivery of the type of financial instrument called for in the contract in a specified delivery month at a stated price. The specific instruments delivered or taken, respectively, at settlement date are not determined until on or near that date. The determination is made in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the futures contract sale or purchase was made. Futures contracts are traded in the United States only on commodity exchanges or boards of trade -- known as "contract markets" -- approved for such trading by the CFTC, and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm which is a member of the relevant contract market. Examples of futures contracts that the fund may use (which may include single-security futures) include, without limitation, U.S. Treasury security futures, index futures, corporate or municipal bond futures, Government National Mortgage Association certificate futures, interest rate swap futures, and Eurodollar futures. In addition, as described elsewhere in this SAI, the fund may use foreign currency futures.

Although futures contracts (other than index futures and futures based on the volatility or variance experienced by an index) by their terms call for actual delivery or acceptance of commodities or securities, in most cases the contracts are closed out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery. Index futures and futures based on the volatility or variance experienced by an index do not call for actual delivery or acceptance of commodities or securities, but instead require cash settlement of the futures contract on the settlement date specified in the contract. Such contracts may also be closed out before the settlement date. Closing out a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If the price of the initial sale of the futures contract exceeds the price of the offsetting purchase, the seller is paid the difference and realizes a gain. Conversely, if the price of the offsetting purchase exceeds the price of the initial sale, the seller realizes a loss. If the fund is unable to enter into a closing transaction, the amount of the fund's potential loss is unlimited. The closing out of a futures contract purchase is effected by the purchaser's entering into a futures contract sale. If the offsetting sale price exceeds the purchase price, the purchaser realizes a gain, and if the purchase price exceeds the offsetting sale price, he realizes a loss.

Unlike when the fund purchases or sells a security, no price is paid or received by the fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Instead, upon entering into a contract, the fund is required to deliver to the futures broker an amount of liquid assets. This amount is known as "initial margin." The nature of initial margin in futures transactions is different from that of margin in security transactions in that futures contract margin does

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not involve the borrowing of funds to finance the transactions. Rather, initial margin is similar to a performance bond or good faith deposit which is returned to the fund upon termination of the futures contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Futures contracts also involve brokerage costs.

Subsequent payments, called "variation margin" or "maintenance margin," to and from the broker are made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying security or commodity fluctuates, making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as "marking to the market." For example, when the fund has purchased a futures contract on a security and the price of the underlying security has risen, that position will have increased in value and the fund will receive from the broker a variation margin payment based on that increase in value. Conversely, when the fund has purchased a security futures contract and the price of the underlying security has declined, the position would be less valuable and the fund would be required to make a variation margin payment to the broker.

The fund may elect to close some or all of its futures positions at any time prior to their expiration in order to reduce or eliminate a position then currently held by the fund. The fund may close its positions by taking opposite positions which will operate to terminate the fund's position in the futures contracts. Final determinations of variation margin are then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to the fund, and the fund realizes a loss or a gain. Such closing transactions involve additional commission costs.

The fund does not intend to purchase or sell futures or related options for other than hedging purposes, if, as a result, the sum of the initial margin deposits on the fund's existing futures and related options positions and premiums paid for outstanding options on futures contracts would exceed 5% of the fund's net assets.

The fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term "commodity pool operator" under the Commodity Exchange Act (the "CEA"), and therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under the CEA.

Index futures. An index futures contract is a contract to buy or sell units of an index at a specified future date at a price agreed upon when the contract is made. Entering into a contract to buy units of an index is commonly referred to as buying or purchasing a contract or holding a long position in the index. Entering into a contract to sell units of an index is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position. A unit is the current value of the index. The fund may enter into stock index futures contracts, debt index futures contracts, or other index futures contracts appropriate to its objective(s). The fund may also purchase and sell options on index futures contracts.

For example, the Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Stock Price Index ("S&P 500") is composed of 500 selected U.S. common stocks. The S&P 500 assigns relative weightings to the common stocks included in the Index, and the value fluctuates with changes in the market values of those common stocks. In the case of the S&P 500, contracts are currently to buy or sell 250 units. Thus, if the value of the S&P 500 were $150, one contract would be worth $37,500 (250 units x $150). The stock index futures contract specifies that no delivery of the actual stocks making up the index will take place. Instead, settlement in cash must occur upon the termination of the contract, with the settlement being the difference between the contract price and the actual level of the stock index at the expiration of the contract. For example, if the fund enters into a futures contract to buy 250 units of the S&P 500 at a specified future date at a contract price of $150 and the S&P 500 is at $154 on that future date, the fund will gain $1,000 (250 units x gain of $4). If the fund enters into a futures contract to sell 250 units of the stock index at a specified future date at a contract price of $150 and the S&P 500 is at $152 on that future date, the fund will lose $500 (250 units x loss of $2).

Options on futures contracts. The fund may purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts it may buy or sell and enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. In return for the premium paid, options on futures contracts give the purchaser the right to assume a position in a futures contract at the specified option exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option

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will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract, at exercise, exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the future. If an option is exercised on the last trading day prior to its expiration date, the settlement will be made entirely in cash equal to the difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing level of the underlying asset on which the future is based on the expiration date. Purchasers of options who fail to exercise their options prior to the exercise date suffer a loss of the premium paid.

The fund may use options on futures contracts in lieu of writing or buying options directly on the underlying securities or indices or purchasing and selling the underlying futures contracts. For example, to hedge against a possible decrease in the value of its portfolio securities, the fund may purchase put options or write call options on futures contracts rather than selling futures contracts. Similarly, the fund may purchase call options or write put options on futures contracts as a substitute for the purchase of futures contracts to hedge against a possible increase in the price of securities which the fund expects to purchase. Such options generally operate in the same manner, and involve the same risks, as options purchased or written directly on the underlying investments. In addition, the fund will be required to deposit initial margin and maintenance margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it pursuant to brokers' requirements similar to those described above in connection with the discussion of futures contracts. The writing of an option on a futures contract involves risks similar to those relating to the sale of futures contracts.

Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts generally involves less potential risk to the fund because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options (plus transaction costs). However, there may be circumstances when the purchase of a call or put option on a futures contract would result in a loss to the fund when the purchase or sale of a futures contract would not, such as when there is no movement in the prices of the hedged investments.

As an alternative to purchasing call and put options on index futures, the fund may purchase and sell call and put options on the underlying indices themselves. Such options would be used in a manner identical to the use of options on index futures.

Risks of transactions in futures contracts and related options. Successful use of futures contracts by the fund is subject to Putnam Management's ability to predict movements in various factors affecting securities markets, including interest rates and market movements, and, in the case of index futures and futures based on the volatility or variance experienced by an index, Putnam Management’s ability to predict the future level of the index or the future volatility or variance experienced by an index. For example, it is possible that, where the fund has sold futures to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the index on which the futures are written may advance and the value of securities held in the fund's portfolio may decline. If this occurred, the fund would lose money on the futures and also experience a decline in value in its portfolio securities. It is also possible that, if the fund has hedged against the possibility of a decline in the market adversely affecting securities held in its portfolio and securities prices increase instead, the fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of those securities it has hedged because it will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements at a time when it is disadvantageous to do so.

The use of options and futures strategies also involves the risk of imperfect correlation among movements in the prices of the securities or other assets underlying the futures and options purchased and sold by the fund, of the options and futures contracts themselves, and, in the case of hedging transactions, of the securities which are the subject of a hedge. In addition to the possibility that there may be an imperfect correlation, or no correlation at all, between movements in the futures used by the fund and the portion of the portfolio being hedged, the prices of futures may not correlate perfectly with movements in the underlying asset due to certain market distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions which could distort the normal relationship between the underlying

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asset and futures markets. Second, margin requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market, and as a result the futures market may attract more speculators than the securities market does. Increased participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and also because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the underlying asset and movements in the prices of related futures, even a correct forecast of general market trends by Putnam Management may still not result in a profitable position.

There is no assurance that higher than anticipated trading activity or other unforeseen events might not, at times, render certain market clearing facilities inadequate, and thereby result in the institution by exchanges of special procedures which may interfere with the timely execution of customer orders.

To reduce or eliminate a position held by the fund, the fund may seek to close out such position. The ability to establish and close out positions will be subject to the development and maintenance of a liquid secondary market. It is not certain that this market will develop or continue to exist for a particular futures contract or option. Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain contracts or options; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of contracts or options, or underlying securities; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange or a clearing corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of contracts or options (or a particular class or series of contracts or options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange for such contracts or options (or in the class or series of contracts or options) would cease to exist, although outstanding contracts or options on the exchange that had been issued by a clearing corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

Hybrid Instruments

These instruments are generally considered derivatives and include indexed or structured securities, and combine the elements of futures contracts or options with those of debt, preferred equity or a depository instrument. A hybrid instrument may be a debt security, preferred stock, warrant, convertible security, certificate of deposit or other evidence of indebtedness on which a portion of or all interest payments, and/or the principal or stated amount payable at maturity, redemption or retirement, is determined by reference to prices, changes in prices, or differences between prices, of securities, currencies, intangibles, goods, articles or commodities (collectively, “underlying assets”), or by another objective index, economic factor or other measure, including interest rates, currency exchange rates, or commodities or securities indices (collectively, “benchmarks”). Hybrid instruments may take a number of forms, including, but not limited to, debt instruments with interest or principal payments or redemption terms determined by reference to the value of an index at a future time, preferred stock with dividend rates determined by reference to the value of a currency, or convertible securities with the conversion terms related to a particular commodity.

The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and

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interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the fund may not be successful.

Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if “leverage” is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain.

Hybrid instruments can be an efficient means of creating exposure to a particular market, or segment of a market, with the objective of enhancing total return. For example, a fund may wish to take advantage of expected declines in interest rates in several European countries, but avoid the transaction costs associated with buying and currency-hedging the foreign bond positions. One solution would be to purchase a U.S. dollar-denominated hybrid instrument whose redemption price is linked to the average three year interest rate in a designated group of countries. The redemption price formula would provide for payoffs of less than par if rates were above the specified level. Furthermore, a fund could limit the downside risk of the security by establishing a minimum redemption price so that the principal paid at maturity could not be below a predetermined minimum level if interest rates were to rise significantly. The purpose of this arrangement, known as a structured security with an embedded put option, would be to give the fund the desired European bond exposure while avoiding currency risk, limiting downside market risk, and lowering transaction costs. Of course, there is no guarantee that the strategy will be successful and the fund could lose money if, for example, interest rates do not move as anticipated or credit problems develop with the issuer of the hybrid instrument.

Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time.

Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often “customized” to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of such an investment could be zero. In addition, because the purchase and sale of hybrid investments could take place in an over-the-counter market without the guarantee of a central clearing organization, or in a transaction between the fund and the issuer of the hybrid instrument, the creditworthiness of the counterparty of the issuer of the hybrid instrument would be an additional risk factor the fund would have to consider and monitor. In addition, uncertainty regarding the tax treatment of hybrid instruments may reduce demand for such instruments. Hybrid instruments also may not be subject to regulation by the CFTC, which generally regulates the trading of commodity futures by U.S. persons, the SEC, which regulates the offer and sale of securities by and to U.S. persons, or any other governmental regulatory authority.

Inflation-Protected Securities

The fund may invest in U.S. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (“U.S. TIPS”), which are fixed income securities issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury, the principal amounts of which are adjusted daily based upon changes in the rate of inflation. The fund may also invest in other inflation-protected securities issued by non-U.S. governments or by private issuers. U.S. TIPS pay interest on a semi-annual basis, equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted principal amount. The interest rate on these bonds is fixed at issuance, but over the life of the bond this interest may be paid on an increasing or decreasing principal value that has been adjusted for inflation.

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Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed for U.S. TIPS, even during a period of deflation. However, because the principal amount of U.S. TIPS would be adjusted downward during a period of deflation, the fund will be subject to deflation risk with respect to its investments in these securities. In addition, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate. If the fund purchases U.S. TIPS in the secondary market whose principal values have been adjusted upward due to inflation since issuance, the fund may experience a loss if there is a subsequent period of deflation. The fund may also invest in other inflation-related bonds which may or may not provide a guarantee of principal. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal amount.

The periodic adjustment of U.S. TIPS is currently tied to the CPI-U, which is calculated by the U.S. Department of Treasury. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. Inflation-protected bonds issued by a non-U.S. government are generally adjusted to reflect a comparable inflation index, calculated by that government. There can no assurance that the CPI-U or any non-U.S. inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond's inflation measure. In addition, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a non-U.S. country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States.

In general, the value of inflation-protected bonds is expected to fluctuate in response to changes in real interest rates, which are in turn tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-protected bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increased at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-protected bonds. If inflation is lower than expected during the period the fund holds the security, the fund may earn less on the security than on a conventional bond. Any increase in principal value is taxable in the year the increase occurs, even though holders do not receive cash representing the increase at that time. As a result, when the fund invests in inflation-protected securities, it could be required at times to liquidate other investments, including when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements as a regulated investment company and to eliminate any fund-level income tax liability under the Internal Revenue Code.

The U.S. Treasury began issuing inflation-protected bonds in 1997. Certain non-U.S. governments, such as the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia, have a longer history of issuing inflation-protected bonds, and there may be a more liquid market in certain of these countries for these securities.

Initial Public Offerings

The fund may purchase debt or equity securities in initial public offerings (“IPOs”). These securities, which are often issued by unseasoned companies, may be subject to many of the same risks of investing in companies with smaller market capitalizations. Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history, and information about the companies may be available for very limited periods. Securities issued in an IPO frequently are very volatile in price, and the fund may hold securities purchased in an IPO for a very short period of time. As a result, the fund’s investments in IPOs may increase portfolio turnover, which increases brokerage and administrative costs and may result in taxable distributions to shareholders.

At any particular time or from time to time the fund may not be able to invest in securities issued in IPOs, or invest to the extent desired because, for example, only a small portion (if any) of the securities being offered in an IPO may be made available to the fund. In addition, under certain market conditions a relatively small number of companies may issue securities in IPOs. Similarly, as the number of Putnam funds to which IPO securities are allocated increases, the number of securities issued to any one fund may decrease. The investment performance of the fund during periods when it is unable to invest significantly or at all in IPOs

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may be lower than during periods when the fund is able to do so. In addition, as the fund increases in size, the impact of IPOs on the fund’s performance will generally decrease.

Interfund Borrowing and Lending

To satisfy redemption requests or to cover unanticipated cash shortfalls, the fund has entered into a Master Interfund Lending Agreement by and among each Putnam fund and Putnam Management (the “Interfund Lending Agreement”) under which the fund would lend or borrow money for temporary purposes directly to or from another Putnam fund (an “Interfund Loan”), subject to meeting the conditions of an SEC exemptive order granted to the fund permitting such Interfund Loans. All Interfund Loans would consist only of uninvested cash reserves that the lending fund otherwise would invest in short-term repurchase agreements or other short-term instruments. At this time, Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund is the only Putnam fund expected to make its uninvested cash reserves available for Interfund Loans.

If the fund has outstanding borrowings, any Interfund Loans to the fund (a) would be at an interest rate equal to or lower than that of any outstanding bank loan, (b) would be secured at least on an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding bank loan that requires collateral, and (c) would have a maturity no longer than any outstanding bank loan (and in any event not over seven days). In addition, if an event of default were to occur under any agreement evidencing an outstanding bank loan to the fund, the event of default would automatically (without need for action or notice by the lending fund) constitute an immediate event of default under the Interfund Lending Agreement entitling the lending fund to call the Interfund Loan (and exercise all rights with respect to any collateral) and such a call would be deemed made if the lending bank exercises its right to call its loan under its agreement with the borrowing fund.

The fund may make an unsecured borrowing under the Interfund Lending Agreement if its outstanding borrowings from all sources immediately after the interfund borrowing total 10% or less of its total assets; provided, that if the fund has a secured loan outstanding from any other lender, including but not limited to another Putnam fund, the fund’s Interfund Loan would be secured on at least an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding loan secured by collateral. If the fund’s total outstanding borrowings immediately after an interfund borrowing would be greater than 10% of its total assets, the fund may borrow through the credit facility on a secured basis only. All secured Interfund Loans would be secured by the pledge of segregated collateral with a market value equal to at least 102% of the outstanding principal value of the Interfund Loan. The fund may not borrow from any source if its total outstanding borrowings immediately after the borrowing would exceed the limits imposed by Section 18 of the 1940 Act or the fund’s fundamental investment restrictions.

The fund may not lend to another Putnam fund under the Interfund Lending Agreement if the Interfund Loan would cause its aggregate outstanding Interfund Loans to exceed 15% of the fund’s current net assets at the time of the Interfund Loan. The fund’s Interfund Loans to any one fund may not exceed 5% of the lending fund’s net assets. The duration of Interfund Loans would be limited to the time required to receive payment for securities sold, but in no event may the duration exceed seven days. Interfund Loans effected within seven days of each other would be treated as separate loan transactions for purposes of this condition. Each Interfund Loan may be called on one business day’s notice by a lending fund and may be repaid on any day by a borrowing fund.

The limitations detailed above and the other conditions of the SEC exemptive order permitting interfund lending are designed to minimize the risks associated with interfund lending for both the lending fund and the borrowing fund. However, no borrowing or lending activity is without risk. If the fund borrows money from another fund, there is a risk that the Interfund Loan could be called on one day’s notice or not renewed, in which case the fund may have to borrow from a bank at higher rates if an Interfund Loan were not available from another fund. A delay in repayment to a lending fund could result in a lost opportunity or additional

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lending costs, and interfund loans are subject to the risk that the borrowing fund could be unable to repay the loan when due.

Inverse Floaters

These securities have variable interest rates that typically move in the opposite direction from movements in prevailing short-term interest rate levels – rising when prevailing short-term interest rate fall, and vice versa. The prices of inverse floaters can be considerably more volatile than the prices of bonds with comparable maturities. The fund currently does not intend to invest more than 15% of its assets in inverse floating obligations.

Investment Ratings

The securities in which money market funds invest must be rated in one of the two highest short-term rating categories (without regard for gradations or subcategories) by one or more Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (NRSROs) or be deemed by Putnam Management to be of comparable quality to securities having such ratings. Money market funds will rely on the two highest ratings given to a security by the NRSROs for purposes of complying with this requirement. If one or both of the two highest ratings are in the second highest short-term rating category, the security is treated as a Second Tier Security. Generally, Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act prohibits a money market fund from investing more than 3% of its assets in Second Tier Securities. Money market funds comply with these rating requirements at the time a security is acquired. If a security is downgraded to Second Tier after its acquisition, the money market funds may continue to hold the security even if the portfolio exceeds Rule 2a-7’s limits on Second Tier Securities. Other factors, such as substantial redemptions, may cause a money market fund’s portfolio to exceed Rule 2a-7 limits on the acquisition of securities. A money market fund may continue to hold securities in excess of these limits, even if the fund has the right to tender the security for purchase for its amortized cost value.

Lower-rated Securities

The fund may invest in lower-rated fixed-income securities (commonly known as "junk bonds"). The lower ratings reflect a greater possibility that adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer or in general economic conditions, or both, or an unanticipated rise in interest rates, may impair the ability of the issuer to make payments of interest and principal. The inability (or perceived inability) of issuers to make timely payment of interest and principal would likely make the values of securities held by the fund more volatile and could limit the fund's ability to sell its securities at prices approximating the values the fund had placed on such securities. In the absence of a liquid trading market for securities held by it, the fund at times may be unable to establish the fair value of such securities.

Securities ratings are based largely on the issuer's historical financial condition and the rating agencies' analysis at the time of rating. Consequently, the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuer's current financial condition, which may be better or worse than the rating would indicate. In addition, the rating assigned to a security by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor's (or by any other nationally recognized securities rating agency) does not reflect an assessment of the volatility of the security's market value or the liquidity of an investment in the security. See "SECURITIES RATINGS."

Like those of other fixed-income securities, the values of lower-rated securities fluctuate in response to changes in interest rates. A decrease in interest rates will generally result in an increase in the value of the fund's fixed-income assets. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the value of the fund's fixed-income assets will generally decline. The values of lower-rated securities may often be affected to a greater extent by changes in general economic conditions and business conditions affecting the issuers of such securities and their industries. Negative publicity or investor perceptions may also adversely affect the values of lower-rated securities. Changes by nationally recognized securities rating agencies in their ratings of any fixed-income security and changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal may

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also affect the value of these investments. Changes in the value of portfolio securities generally will not affect income derived from these securities, but will affect the fund's net asset value. The fund will not necessarily dispose of a security when its rating is reduced below its rating at the time of purchase. However, Putnam Management will monitor the investment to determine whether its retention will assist in meeting the fund's investment objective(s).

Issuers of lower-rated securities are often highly leveraged, so that their ability to service their debt obligations during an economic downturn or during sustained periods of rising interest rates may be impaired. Such issuers may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them and may be unable to repay outstanding obligations at maturity by refinancing. The risk of loss due to default in payment of interest or repayment of principal by such issuers is significantly greater because such securities frequently are unsecured and subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness.

At times, a substantial portion of the fund's assets may be invested in an issue of which the fund, by itself or together with other funds and accounts managed by Putnam Management or its affiliates, holds all or a major portion. Although Putnam Management generally considers such securities to be liquid because of the availability of an institutional market for such securities, it is possible that, under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the fund could find it more difficult to sell these securities when Putnam Management believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell the securities only at prices lower than if they were more widely held. Under these circumstances, it may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the fund's net asset value. In order to enforce its rights in the event of a default, the fund may be required to participate in various legal proceedings or take possession of and manage assets securing the issuer's obligations on such securities. This could increase the fund's operating expenses and adversely affect the fund's net asset value. In the case of tax-exempt funds, any income derived from the fund's ownership or operation of such assets would not be tax-exempt. The ability of a holder of a tax-exempt security to enforce the terms of that security in a bankruptcy proceeding may be more limited than would be the case with respect to securities of private issuers. In addition, the fund's intention to qualify as a "regulated investment company" under the Internal Revenue Code may limit the extent to which the fund may exercise its rights by taking possession of such assets.

To the extent the fund invests in securities in the lower rating categories, the achievement of the fund's goals is more dependent on Putnam Management's investment analysis than would be the case if the fund were investing in securities in the higher rating categories.

Money Market Instruments

Money market instruments, or short-term debt instruments, consist of obligations such as commercial paper, bank obligations (i.e., certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances), repurchase agreements and various government obligations, such as Treasury bills. These instruments have a remaining maturity of one year or less and are generally of high credit quality. Money market instruments may be structured to be, or may employ a trust or other form so that they are, eligible investments for money market funds. For example, put features can be used to modify the maturity of a security or interest rate adjustment features can be used to enhance price stability. If a structure fails to function as intended, adverse tax or investment consequences may result. Neither the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) nor any other regulatory authority has ruled definitively on certain legal issues presented by certain structured securities. Future tax or other regulatory determinations could adversely affect the value, liquidity, or tax treatment of the income received from these securities or the nature and timing of distributions made by the funds.

Commercial paper is a money market instrument issued by banks or companies to raise money for short-term purposes. Unlike some other debt obligations, commercial paper is typically unsecured. Commercial paper may be issued as an asset-backed security (that is, backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations of a

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number of different issuers), in which case certain of the risks discussed in “Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed securities” would apply. Commercial paper is traded primarily among institutions.

Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund may invest in bankers’ acceptances issued by banks with deposits in excess of $2 billion (or the foreign currency equivalent) at the close of the last calendar year. If the Trustees change this minimum deposit requirement, shareholders would be notified. Other Putnam funds may invest in bankers’ acceptances without regard to this requirement.

In accordance with rules issued by the SEC, the fund may from time to time invest all or a portion of its cash balances in money market and/or short-term bond funds advised by Putnam Management. In connection with such investments, Putnam Management may waive a portion of the advisory fees otherwise payable by the fund. See “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI for the amount, if any, waived by Putnam Management in connection with such investments.

Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities

Mortgage-backed securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") and certain stripped mortgage-backed securities, represent a participation in, or are secured by, mortgage loans. Asset-backed securities are structured like mortgage-backed securities, but instead of mortgage loans or interests in mortgage loans, the underlying assets may include such items as motor vehicle installment sales or installment loan contracts, leases of various types of real and personal property and receivables from credit card agreements.

Mortgage-backed securities have yield and maturity characteristics corresponding to the underlying assets. Unlike traditional debt securities, which may pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity, when the entire principal amount comes due, payments on certain mortgage-backed securities include both interest and a partial repayment of principal. Besides the scheduled repayment of principal, repayments of principal may result from the voluntary prepayment, refinancing or foreclosure of the underlying mortgage loans. If property owners make unscheduled prepayments of their mortgage loans, these prepayments will result in early payment of the applicable mortgage-backed securities. In that event the fund may be unable to invest the proceeds from the early payment of the mortgage-backed securities in an investment that provides as high a yield as the mortgage-backed securities. Consequently, early payment associated with mortgage-backed securities may cause these securities to experience significantly greater price and yield volatility than that experienced by traditional fixed-income securities. The occurrence of mortgage prepayments is affected by factors including the level of interest rates, general economic conditions, the location and age of the mortgage and other social and demographic conditions. During periods of falling interest rates, the rate of mortgage prepayments tends to increase, thereby tending to decrease the life of mortgage-backed securities. During periods of rising interest rates, the rate of mortgage prepayments usually decreases, thereby tending to increase the life of mortgage-backed securities. If the life of a mortgage-backed security is inaccurately predicted, the fund may not be able to realize the rate of return it expected.

Adjustable rate mortgage securities (“ARMs”), like traditional mortgage-backed securities, are interests in pools of mortgage loans that provide investors with payments consisting of both principal and interest as mortgage loans in the underlying mortgage pool are paid off by the borrowers. Unlike fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities, ARMs are collateralized by or represent interests in mortgage loans with variable rates of interest. These interest rates are reset at periodic intervals, usually by reference to an interest rate index or market interest rate. Although the rate adjustment feature may act as a buffer to reduce sharp changes in the value of adjustable rate securities, these securities are still subject to changes in value based on, among other things, changes in market interest rates or changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness. Because the interest rates are reset only periodically, changes in the interest rate on ARMs may lag changes in prevailing market interest rates. Also, some ARMs (or the underlying mortgages) are subject to caps or floors that limit the maximum change in the interest rate during a specified period or over the life of the security. As a result, changes in the interest rate on an ARM may not fully reflect changes in prevailing market interest rates during certain periods.

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The fund may also invest in “hybrid” ARMs, whose underlying mortgages combine fixed-rate and adjustable rate features.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are less effective than other types of securities as a means of "locking in" attractive long-term interest rates. One reason is the need to reinvest prepayments of principal; another is the possibility of significant unscheduled prepayments resulting from declines in interest rates. These prepayments would have to be reinvested at lower rates. The automatic interest rate adjustment feature of mortgages underlying ARMs likewise reduces the ability to lock-in attractive rates. As a result, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities may have less potential for capital appreciation during periods of declining interest rates than other securities of comparable maturities, although they may have a similar risk of decline in market value during periods of rising interest rates. Prepayments may also significantly shorten the effective maturities of these securities, especially during periods of declining interest rates. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, a reduction in prepayments may increase the effective maturities of these securities, subjecting them to a greater risk of decline in market value in response to rising interest rates than traditional debt securities, and, therefore, potentially increasing the volatility of the fund.

At times, some mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities will have higher than market interest rates and therefore will be purchased at a premium above their par value. Prepayments may cause losses on securities purchased at a premium.

CMOs may be issued by a U.S. government agency or instrumentality or by a private issuer. Although payment of the principal of, and interest on, the underlying collateral securing privately issued CMOs may be guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities, these CMOs represent obligations solely of the private issuer and are not insured or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities or any other person or entity.

Prepayments could cause early retirement of CMOs. CMOs are designed to reduce the risk of prepayment for investors by issuing multiple classes of securities, each having different maturities, interest rates and payment schedules, and with the principal and interest on the underlying mortgages allocated among the several classes in various ways. Payment of interest or principal on some classes or series of CMOs may be subject to contingencies or some classes or series may bear some or all of the risk of default on the underlying mortgages. CMOs of different classes or series are generally retired in sequence as the underlying mortgage loans in the mortgage pool are repaid. If enough mortgages are repaid ahead of schedule, the classes or series of a CMO with the earliest maturities generally will be retired prior to their maturities. Thus, the early retirement of particular classes or series of a CMO would have the same effect as the prepayment of mortgages underlying other mortgage-backed securities. Conversely, slower than anticipated prepayments can extend the effective maturities of CMOs, subjecting them to a greater risk of decline in market value in response to rising interest rates than traditional debt securities, and, therefore, potentially increasing their volatility.

Prepayments could result in losses on stripped mortgage-backed securities. Stripped mortgage-backed securities are usually structured with two classes that receive different portions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage loans. The yield to maturity on an interest only or “IO” class of stripped mortgage-backed securities is extremely sensitive not only to changes in prevailing interest rates but also to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the underlying assets. A rapid rate of principal prepayments may have a measurable adverse effect on the fund's yield to maturity to the extent it invests in IOs. If the assets underlying the IO experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, principal only or “POs” tend to increase in value if prepayments are greater than anticipated and decline if prepayments are slower than anticipated. The secondary market for stripped mortgage-backed securities may be more volatile and less liquid than that for other mortgage-backed securities, potentially limiting the fund's ability to buy or sell those securities at any particular time. The fund currently does not intend to invest more than 35% of its assets in IOs and POs under normal market conditions.

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The risks associated with other asset-backed securities (including in particular the risks of issuer default and of early prepayment) are generally similar to those described above for CMOs. In addition, because asset-backed securities generally do not have the benefit of a security interest in the underlying assets that is comparable to a mortgage, asset-backed securities present certain additional risks that are not present with mortgage-backed securities. The ability of an issuer of asset-backed securities to enforce its security interest in the underlying assets may be limited. For example, revolving credit receivables are generally unsecured and the debtors on such receivables are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give debtors the right to set-off certain amounts owed, thereby reducing the balance due. Automobile receivables generally are secured, but by automobiles, rather than by real property.

Asset-backed securities may be collateralized by the fees earned by service providers. The value of asset-backed securities may be substantially dependent on the servicing of the underlying asset and are therefore subject to risks associated with negligence by, or defalcation of, their servicers. In certain circumstances, the mishandling of related documentation may also affect the rights of the security holders in and to the underlying collateral. The insolvency of entities that generate receivables or that utilize the assets may result in added costs and delays in addition to losses associated with a decline in the value of the underlying assets.

Options on Securities

Writing covered options. The fund may write covered call options and covered put options on optionable securities held in its portfolio or that it has an absolute and immediate right to acquire without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees, in such amount as are set aside on the fund’s books), when in the opinion of Putnam Management such transactions are consistent with the fund's investment objective(s) and policies. Call options written by the fund give the purchaser the right to buy the underlying securities from the fund at a stated exercise price; put options give the purchaser the right to sell the underlying securities to the fund at a stated price.

The fund may write only covered options, which means that, so long as the fund is obligated as the writer of a call option, it will own the underlying securities subject to the option (or comparable securities satisfying the cover requirements of securities exchanges) or have an absolute and immediate right to acquire without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees, in such amount as are set aside on the fund’s books). In the case of put options, the fund will set aside on its books assets determined to be liquid by Putnam Management in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees and equal in value to the price to be paid if the option is exercised. In addition, the fund will be considered to have covered a put or call option if and to the extent that it holds an option that offsets some or all of the risk of the option it has written. The fund may write combinations of covered puts and calls on the same underlying security.

The fund will receive a premium from writing a put or call option, which increases the fund's return in the event the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a profit. The amount of the premium reflects, among other things, the relationship between the exercise price and the current market value of the underlying security, the volatility of the underlying security, the amount of time remaining until expiration, current interest rates, and the effect of supply and demand in the options market and in the market for the underlying security. By writing a call option, if the fund holds the security, the fund limits its opportunity to profit from any increase in the market value of the underlying security above the exercise price of the option but continues to bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security. If the fund does not hold the underlying security, the fund bears the risk that, if the market price exceeds the option strike price, the fund will suffer a loss equal to the difference at the time of exercise. By writing a put option, the fund assumes the risk that it may be required to purchase the underlying security for an exercise price higher than its then-current market value, resulting in a potential capital loss unless the security subsequently appreciates in value.

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The fund may terminate an option that it has written prior to its expiration by entering into a closing purchase transaction, in which it purchases an offsetting option. The fund realizes a profit or loss from a closing transaction if the cost of the transaction (option premium plus transaction costs) is less or more than the premium received from writing the option. If the fund writes a call option but does not own the underlying security, and when it writes a put option, the fund may be required to deposit cash or securities with its broker as "margin," or collateral, for its obligation to buy or sell the underlying security. As the value of the underlying security varies, the fund may have to deposit additional margin with the broker. Margin requirements are complex and are fixed by individual brokers, subject to minimum requirements currently imposed by the Federal Reserve Board and by stock exchanges and other self-regulatory organizations.

Purchasing put options. The fund may purchase put options to protect its portfolio holdings in an underlying security against a decline in market value. Such protection is provided during the life of the put option since the fund, as holder of the option, is able to sell the underlying security at the put exercise price regardless of any decline in the underlying security's market price. In order for a put option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must decline sufficiently below the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction costs. By using put options in this manner, the fund will reduce any profit it might otherwise have realized from appreciation of the underlying security by the premium paid for the put option and by transaction costs. The fund may also purchase put options for other investment purposes, including to take a short position in the security underlying the put option.

Purchasing call options. The fund may purchase call options to hedge against an increase in the price of securities that the fund wants ultimately to buy. Such hedge protection is provided during the life of the call option since the fund, as holder of the call option, is able to buy the underlying security at the exercise price regardless of any increase in the underlying security's market price. In order for a call option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must rise sufficiently above the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction costs. The fund may also purchase call options for other investment purposes.

Risk factors in options transactions. The successful use of the fund's options strategies depends on the ability of Putnam Management to forecast correctly interest rate and market movements. For example, if the fund were to write a call option based on Putnam Management's expectation that the price of the underlying security would fall, but the price were to rise instead, the fund could be required to sell the security upon exercise at a price below the current market price. Similarly, if the fund were to write a put option based on Putnam Management's expectation that the price of the underlying security would rise, but the price were to fall instead, the fund could be required to purchase the security upon exercise at a price higher than the current market price.

When the fund purchases an option, it runs the risk that it will lose its entire investment in the option in a relatively short period of time, unless the fund exercises the option or enters into a closing sale transaction before the option's expiration. If the price of the underlying security does not rise (in the case of a call) or fall (in the case of a put) to an extent sufficient to cover the option premium and transaction costs, the fund will lose part or all of its investment in the option. This contrasts with an investment by the fund in the underlying security, since the fund will not realize a loss if the security's price does not change.

The effective use of options also depends on the fund's ability to terminate option positions at times when Putnam Management deems it desirable to do so. There is no assurance that the fund will be able to effect closing transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price. If a secondary market in options were to become unavailable, the fund could no longer engage in closing transactions. Lack of investor interest might adversely affect the liquidity of the market for particular options or series of options. A market may discontinue trading of a particular option or options generally. In addition, a market could become temporarily unavailable if unusual events -- such as volume in excess of trading or clearing capability -- were to interrupt its normal operations.

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A market may at times find it necessary to impose restrictions on particular types of options transactions, such as opening transactions. For example, if an underlying security ceases to meet qualifications imposed by the market or the Options Clearing Corporation, new series of options on that security will no longer be opened to replace expiring series, and opening transactions in existing series may be prohibited. If an options market were to become unavailable, the fund as a holder of an option would be able to realize profits or limit losses only by exercising the option, and the fund, as option writer, would remain obligated under the option until expiration or exercise.

Disruptions in the markets for the securities underlying options purchased or sold by the fund could result in losses on the options. For example, if a fund is unable to purchase a security underlying a put option it had purchased, the fund may be unable to exercise the put option. If trading is interrupted in an underlying security, the trading of options on that security is normally halted as well. As a result, the fund as purchaser or writer of an option will be unable to close out its positions until options trading resumes, and it may be faced with considerable losses if trading in the security reopens at a substantially different price. In addition, the Options Clearing Corporation or other options markets may impose exercise restrictions. If a prohibition on exercise is imposed at the time when trading in the option has also been halted, the fund as purchaser or writer of an option will be locked into its position until one of the two restrictions has been lifted. If the Options Clearing Corporation were to determine that the available supply of an underlying security appears insufficient to permit delivery by the writers of all outstanding calls in the event of exercise, it may prohibit indefinitely the exercise of put options. The fund, as holder of such a put option, could lose its entire investment if it is unable to exercise the put option prior to its expiration.

Foreign-traded options are subject to many of the same risks presented by internationally-traded securities. In addition, because of time differences between the United States and various foreign countries, and because different holidays are observed in different countries, foreign options markets may be open for trading during hours or on days when U.S. markets are closed. As a result, option premiums may not reflect the current prices of the underlying interest in the United States.

Over-the-counter ("OTC") options purchased by the fund and assets held to cover OTC options written by the fund may, under certain circumstances, be considered illiquid securities for purposes of any limitation on the fund's ability to invest in illiquid securities. The fund may use both European-style options, which are only exercisable immediately prior to their expiration, and American-style options, which are exercisable at any time prior to the expiration date.

In addition to options on securities and futures, the fund may also enter into options on futures, swaps, or other instruments as described elsewhere in this SAI.

Preferred Stocks and Convertible Securities

The fund may invest in preferred stocks or convertible securities. A preferred stock generally pays dividends at a specified rate and has preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of an issuer's assets but is junior to the debt securities of the issuer in those same respects. The market prices of preferred stocks are subject to changes in interest rates and are more sensitive to changes in an issuer's creditworthiness than are the prices of debt securities. Shareholders of preferred stock may suffer a loss of value if dividends are not paid. Under ordinary circumstances, preferred stock does not carry voting rights. In addition, many preferred stocks may be called or redeemed prior to their maturity by the issuer under certain conditions.

Convertible securities include bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks and other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for, at a specific price or formula within a particular period of time, a prescribed amount of common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or dividends paid or accrued on preferred stock until the security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.

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The market value of a convertible security is a function of its "investment value" and its "conversion value." A security's "investment value" represents the value of the security without its conversion feature (i.e., a nonconvertible fixed income security). The investment value may be determined by reference to its credit quality and the current value of its yield to maturity or probable call date. At any given time, investment value is dependent upon such factors as the general level of interest rates, the yield of similar nonconvertible securities, the financial strength of the issuer and the seniority of the security in the issuer's capital structure. A security's "conversion value" is determined by multiplying the number of shares the holder is entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange by the current price of the underlying security.

If the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly below its investment value, the convertible security will trade like nonconvertible debt or preferred stock and its market value will not be influenced greatly by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security. Conversely, if the conversion value of a convertible security is near or above its investment value, the market value of the convertible security will be more heavily influenced by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security. Convertible securities generally have less potential for gain than common stocks.

The fund's investments in convertible securities may at times include securities that have a mandatory conversion feature, pursuant to which the securities convert automatically into common stock or other equity securities at a specified date and a specified conversion ratio, or that are convertible at the option of the issuer. Because conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, the fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.

The fund's investments in preferred stocks and convertible securities, particularly securities that are convertible into securities of an issuer other than the issuer of the convertible security, may be illiquid. The fund may not be able to dispose of such securities in a timely fashion or for a fair price, which could result in losses to the fund.

Private Placements and Restricted Securities

The fund may invest in securities that are purchased in private placements and, accordingly, are subject to restrictions on resale as a matter of contract or under federal securities laws. Because there may be relatively few potential purchasers for such investments, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when Putnam Management believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. At times, it may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the fund's net asset value.

While such private placements may offer attractive opportunities for investment not otherwise available on the open market, the securities so purchased are often "restricted securities," i.e., securities which cannot be sold to the public without registration under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) or the availability of an exemption from registration (such as Rules 144 or 144A), or which are "not readily marketable" because they are subject to other legal or contractual delays in or restrictions on resale.

The absence of a trading market can make it difficult to ascertain a market value for illiquid investments. Disposing of illiquid investments may involve time-consuming negotiation and legal expenses, and it may be difficult or impossible for the fund to sell them promptly at an acceptable price. The fund may have to bear the extra expense of registering such securities for resale and the risk of substantial delay in effecting such registration. In addition, market quotations are less readily available. The judgment of Putnam Management may at times play a greater role in valuing these securities than in the case of publicly traded securities.

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Generally speaking, restricted securities may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers, or in a privately negotiated transaction to a limited number of purchasers, or in limited quantities after they have been held for a specified period of time and other conditions are met pursuant to an exemption from registration, or in a public offering for which a registration statement is in effect under the Securities Act. The fund may be deemed to be an "underwriter" for purposes of the Securities Act when selling restricted securities to the public, and in such event the fund may be liable to purchasers of such securities if the registration statement prepared by the issuer, or the prospectus forming a part of it, is materially inaccurate or misleading. The SEC Staff currently takes the view that any delegation by the Trustees of the authority to determine that a restricted security is readily marketable (as described in the investment restrictions of the funds) must be pursuant to written procedures established by the Trustees and the Trustees have delegated such authority to Putnam Management.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)

The fund may invest in REITs. REITs are pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in either real estate or real estate related loans. Like regulated investment companies such as the fund, REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided that they comply with certain requirements under the Internal Revenue Code. The fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any expenses paid by REITs in which it invests in addition to the fund’s own expenses.

REITs involve certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with investing in the real estate industry in general (such as possible declines in the value of real estate, lack of availability of mortgage funds, or extended vacancies of property). REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REITs, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the risk of borrower default, the likelihood of which is increased for mortgage REITs that invest in sub-prime mortgages. REITs, and mortgage REITs in particular, are also subject to interest rate risk. REITs are dependent upon their operators’ management skills, are generally not diversified (except to the extent the Internal Revenue Code requires), and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency and the risk of default by borrowers. REITs are also subject to the possibility of failing to qualify for tax-free pass-through of income under the Code or failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in a limited volume, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than more widely held securities.

The fund's investment in a REIT may require the fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received or may result in the fund making distributions that constitute a return of capital to fund shareholders for federal income tax purposes. In addition, distributions by a fund from REITs will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction, or, generally, for treatment as qualified dividend income.

Redeemable Securities

Certain securities held by the fund may permit the issuer at its option to "call" or redeem its securities. If an issuer were to redeem securities held by the fund during a time of declining interest rates, the fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as the securities redeemed.

Repurchase Agreements

The fund, unless it is a money market fund, may enter into repurchase agreements amounting to not more than 25% of its total assets, except that this 25% limitation does not apply to repurchase agreements entered into in connection with short sales. Money market funds may invest without limit in repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a contract under which the fund, the buyer under the contract, acquires a security

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subject to the obligation of the seller (or repurchase agreement counterparty) to repurchase, and the fund to resell, the security at a fixed time and price, which represents the fund's cost plus interest (or, for repurchase agreements under which the fund acquires a security and then sells it short, the fund’s cost of “borrowing” the security). A repurchase agreement with a stated maturity of longer than one week is considered an illiquid investment. It is the fund's present intention to enter into repurchase agreements only with banks and registered broker-dealers. The fund may enter into repurchase agreements, including with respect to securities it wishes to sell short. See “Short Sales” in this SAI. Certain of the repurchase agreements related to securities sold short may provide that, at the option of the fund, settlement may be made by delivery of cash equal to the difference between (a) the sum of (i) the market value of the securities sold short at the time the repurchase agreement is closed out and (ii) transaction costs associated with the acquisition in the market by the repurchase agreement counterparty of the securities sold short and (b) the repurchase price specified in the repurchase agreement.

The fund may be exposed to the credit risk of the repurchase agreement counterparty (or seller) in the event that the counterparty is unable to close out the repurchase agreement in accordance with its terms. If the seller defaults, the fund could realize a loss on the sale of the underlying security to the extent that the proceeds of the sale including accrued interest are less than the resale price provided in the agreement including interest. In addition, if the seller should be involved in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, the fund may incur delay and costs in selling the underlying security or may suffer a loss of principal and interest if the fund is treated as an unsecured creditor and required to return the underlying collateral to the seller's estate.

Pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the SEC, the fund may transfer uninvested cash balances into a joint account, along with cash of other Putnam funds and certain other accounts. These balances may be invested in one or more repurchase agreements and/or short-term money market instruments.

Securities Loans

The fund may make secured loans of its portfolio securities, on either a short-term or long-term basis, amounting to not more than 25% of its total assets, thereby realizing additional income. The risks in lending portfolio securities, as with other extensions of credit, consist of possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. If a borrower defaults, the value of the collateral may decline before the fund can dispose of it. As a matter of policy, securities loans are made to broker-dealers pursuant to agreements requiring that the loans be continuously secured by collateral consisting of cash or short-term debt obligations at least equal at all times to the value of the securities on loan, "marked-to-market" daily. The borrower pays to the fund an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on securities lent. The fund retains all or a portion of the interest received on investment of the cash collateral or receives a fee from the borrower. Although voting rights, or rights to consent, with respect to the loaned securities may pass to the borrower, the fund retains the right to call the loans at any time on reasonable notice, and it will do so to enable the fund to exercise voting rights on any matters materially affecting the investment. The fund may also call such loans in order to sell the securities. The fund may pay fees in connection with arranging loans of its portfolio securities.

Securities of Other Investment Companies

Securities of other investment companies, including shares of open- and closed-end investment companies and unit investment trusts (which may include exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”)), represent interests in collective investment portfolios that, in turn, invest directly in underlying instruments. The fund may invest in other investment companies when it has more uninvested cash than Putnam Management believes is advisable, when it receives cash collateral from securities lending arrangements, when there is a shortage of direct investments available, or when Putnam Management believes that investment companies offer attractive values.

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Investment companies may be structured to perform in a similar fashion to a broad-based securities index or may focus on a particular strategy or class of assets. ETFs typically seek to track the performance or dividend yield of specific indexes or companies in related industries. These indexes may be broad-based, sector-based or international. Investing in investment companies involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the underlying instruments, but also involves expenses at the investment company-level, such as portfolio management fees and operating expenses. These expenses are in addition to the fees and expenses of the fund itself, which may lead to duplication of expenses while the fund owns another investment company’s shares. In addition, investing in investment companies involves the risk that they will not perform in exactly the same fashion, or in response to the same factors, as the underlying instruments or index. To the extent the fund invests in other investment companies that are professionally managed, its performance will also depend on the investment and research abilities of investment managers other than Putnam Management.

Open-end investment companies typically offer their shares continuously at net asset value plus any applicable sales charge and stand ready to redeem shares upon shareholder request. The shares of certain other types of investment companies, such as ETFs and closed-end investment companies, typically trade on a stock exchange or over-the-counter at a premium or a discount to their net asset value. In the case of closed-end investment companies, the number of shares is typically fixed. The securities of closed-end investment companies and ETFs carry the risk that the price the fund pays or receives may be higher or lower than the investment company’s net asset value. ETFs and closed-end investment companies are also subject to certain additional risks, including the risks of illiquidity and of possible trading halts due to market conditions or other reasons, based on the policies of the relevant exchange. The shares of investment companies, particularly closed-end investment companies, may also be leveraged, which would increase the volatility of the fund’s net asset value.

The extent to which the fund can invest in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, is generally limited by federal securities laws.

Short Sales

The fund may engage in short sales of securities either as a hedge against potential declines in value of a portfolio security or to realize appreciation when a security that the fund does not own declines in value. Short sales are transactions in which the fund sells a security it does not own to a third party by borrowing the security in anticipation of purchasing the same security at the market price on a later date to close out the short position. The fund may also engage in short sales by entering into a repurchase agreement with respect to the security it wishes to sell short. See “– Repurchase Agreements” in this SAI. The fund will incur a gain if the price of the security declines between the date of the short sale and the date on which the fund replaces the borrowed security (or closes out the related repurchase agreement); and the fund will incur a loss if the price of the security increases between those dates. Such a loss is theoretically unlimited since the potential increase in the market price of the security sold short is not limited. Until the security is replaced, the fund must pay the lender (or repurchase agreement counterparty) any dividends or interest that accrues during the period of the loan (or repurchase agreement). To borrow (or enter into a repurchase agreement with respect to) the security, the fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The fund’s successful use of short sales is subject to Putnam Management’s ability to accurately predict movements in the market price of the security sold short. Short selling may involve financial leverage because the fund is exposed both to changes in the market price of the security sold short and to changes in the value of securities purchased with the proceeds of the short sale, effectively leveraging its assets. Under adverse market conditions, a fund may have difficulty purchasing securities to meet its short sale delivery obligations, and may be required to close out its short position at a time when the fund would not choose to do so, and may therefore have to sell portfolio securities to raise the capital necessary to meet its short sale obligations at a time when fundamental investment considerations may not favor such sales. While the fund has an open short position, it will segregate, by appropriate notation on its books or the books of its custodian, cash or liquid assets at least equal in value to the market value of the securities sold short. The segregated amount will be “marked-to-market” daily. Because of this segregation, the fund does not consider these transactions to be “senior

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securities” for purposes of the 1940 Act. In connection with short sale transactions, the fund may be required to pledge certain additional assets for the benefit of the securities lender (or repurchase agreement counterparty) and the fund may, while such assets remain pledged, be limited in its ability to invest those assets in accordance with the fund’s investment strategies.

Certain of the repurchase agreements related to securities sold short may provide that, at the option of the fund, in lieu of delivering the securities sold short, settlement may be made by delivery of cash equal to the difference between (a) the sum of (i) the market value of the securities sold short at the time the repurchase agreement is closed out and (ii) transaction costs associated with the acquisition in the market by the repurchase agreement counterparty of the securities sold short and (b) the repurchase price specified in the repurchase agreement. Because that cash amount represents the fund’s maximum loss in the event of the insolvency of the counterparty, the fund will, except where the local market practice for foreign securities to be sold short requires payment prior to delivery of such securities, treat such amount, rather than the full notional amount of the repurchase agreement, as its “investment” in securities of the counterparty for purposes of all applicable investment restrictions, including its fundamental policy with respect to diversification.

Short-term Trading

In seeking the fund's objective(s), Putnam Management will buy or sell portfolio securities whenever Putnam Management believes it appropriate to do so. From time to time the fund will buy securities intending to seek short-term trading profits. A change in the securities held by the fund is known as "portfolio turnover" and generally involves some expense to the fund. This expense may include brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income. As a result of the fund's investment policies, under certain market conditions the fund's portfolio turnover rate may be higher than that of other mutual funds. Portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities -- excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when Putnam Management considers a change in the fund's portfolio.

Special Purpose Acquisition Companies

The fund may invest in stock, warrants, and other securities of special purpose acquisition companies (“SPACs”) or similar special purpose entities that pool funds to seek potential acquisition opportunities. Unless and until an acquisition is completed, a SPAC generally invests its assets (less a portion retained to cover expenses) in U.S. Government securities, money market securities and cash; if an acquisition that meets the requirements for the SPAC is not completed within a pre-established period of time, the invested funds are returned to the entity’s shareholders. Because SPACs and similar entities are in essence blank check companies without an operating history or ongoing business other than seeking acquisitions, the value of their securities is particularly dependent on the ability of the entity’s management to identify and complete a profitable acquisition. Some SPACs may pursue acquisitions only within certain industries or regions, which may increase the volatility of their prices. In addition, these securities, which are typically traded in the over-the-counter market, may be considered illiquid and/or be subject to restrictions on resale.

Structured investments

A structured investment is a security having a return tied to an underlying index or other security or asset class. Structured investments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. Structured investments are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security. This restructuring involves the deposit with or purchase by an entity, such as a corporation or trust, or specified instruments (such as commercial bank loans) and the issuance by that entity or one or more classes of securities (“structured securities”) backed by, or representing interests in, the

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underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of such payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments. Because structured securities typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. Investments in structured securities are generally of a class of structured securities that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured securities typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured securities. Structured securities are typically sold in private placement transactions, and there currently is no active trading market for structured securities. Investments in government and government-related and restructured debt instruments are subject to special risks, including the inability or unwillingness to repay principal and interest, requests to reschedule or restructure outstanding debt and requests to extend additional loan amounts.

Swap Agreements

The fund may enter into swap agreements and other types of over-the-counter transactions such as caps, floors and collars with broker-dealers or other financial institutions for hedging or investment purposes. A swap involves the exchange by the fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive cash flows, e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed-rate payments. The purchase of a cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index or other underlying financial measure exceeds a predetermined value on a predetermined date or dates, to receive payments on a notional principal amount from the party selling the cap. The purchase of a floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index or other underlying financial measure falls or other underlying measure below a predetermined value on a predetermined date or dates, to receive payments on a notional principal amount from the party selling the floor. A collar combines elements of a cap and a floor.

Swap agreements and similar transactions can be individually negotiated and structured to include exposure to a variety of different types of investments or market factors. Depending on their structures, swap agreements may increase or decrease the fund's exposure to long-or short-term interest rates (in the United States or abroad), foreign currency values, mortgage securities, mortgage rates, corporate borrowing rates, or other factors such as security prices, inflation rates or the volatility of an index or one or more securities. For example, if the fund agrees to exchange payments in U.S. dollars for payments in a non-U.S. currency, the swap agreement would tend to decrease the fund's exposure to U.S. interest rates and increase its exposure to that non-U.S. currency and interest rates. The fund may also engage in total return swaps, in which payments made by the fund or the counterparty are based on the total return of a particular reference asset or assets (such as an equity or fixed-income security, a combination of such securities, or an index). The value of the fund's swap positions would increase or decrease depending on the changes in value of the underlying rates, currency values, volatility or other indices or measures. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options. Depending on how they are used, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of a fund’s investments and its share price. The fund's ability to engage in certain swap transactions may be limited by tax considerations.

The fund’s ability to realize a profit from such transactions will depend on the ability of the financial institutions with which it enters into the transactions to meet their obligations to the fund. If a counterparty's creditworthiness declines, the value of the agreement would be likely to decline, potentially resulting in losses. If a default occurs by the other party to such transaction, the fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction, which may be limited by applicable law in the case of a counterparty's insolvency. Under certain circumstances, suitable transactions may not be available to the fund, or the fund may be unable to close out its position under such transactions at the same time, or at the same price, as if it had purchased comparable publicly traded securities.

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The fund may also enter into options on swap agreements ("swaptions"). A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions to the same extent it may make use of standard options on securities or other instruments. Swaptions are generally subject to the same risks involved in the fund’s use of options. See “—Options on Securities.”

A credit default swap is an agreement between the fund and a counterparty that enables the fund to buy or sell protection against a credit event related to a particular issuer. One party, acting as a “protection buyer,” makes periodic payments to the other party, a “protection seller,” in exchange for a promise by the protection seller to make a payment to the protection buyer if a negative credit event (such as a delinquent payment or default) occurs with respect to a referenced bond or group of bonds. Credit default swaps may also be structured based on the debt of a basket of issuers, rather than a single issuer, and may be customized with respect to the default event that triggers purchase or other factors (for example, the Nth default within a basket, or defaults by a particular combination of issuers within the basket, may trigger a payment obligation). The fund may enter into credit default swap contracts for investment purposes. As a credit protection seller in a credit default swap contract, the fund would be required to pay the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation to the counterparty in the event of a default by a third party, such as a U.S. or non-U.S. corporate issuer, on the debt obligation. In return for its obligation, the fund would receive from the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the fund would keep the stream of payments and would have no payment obligations. As the seller, the fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.

The fund may also purchase credit default swap contracts in order to hedge against the risk of default of the debt of a particular issuer or basket of issuers or profit from changes in the creditworthiness of the particular issuer(s) (also known as “buying credit protection”). In these cases, the fund would function as the counterparty referenced in the preceding paragraph. This would involve the risk that the investment may expire worthless and would only generate income in the event of an actual default by the issuer(s) of the underlying obligation(s) (or, as applicable, a credit downgrade or other indication of financial instability). It would also involve the risk that the seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations to the fund in the event of a default. The purchase of credit default swaps involves costs, which will reduce the fund’s return.

Tax-exempt Securities

General description. As used in this SAI, the term "Tax-exempt Securities" includes debt obligations issued by a state, its political subdivisions (for example, counties, cities, towns, villages, districts and authorities) and their agencies, instrumentalities or other governmental units, the interest from which is, in the opinion of bond counsel, exempt from federal income tax and (if applicable) the corresponding state’s personal income tax. Such obligations are issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, such as airports, bridges, highways, housing, hospitals, mass transportation, schools, streets and water and sewer works. Other public purposes for which Tax-exempt Securities may be issued include the refunding of outstanding obligations or the payment of general operating expenses.

Short-term Tax-exempt Securities are generally issued by state and local governments and public authorities as interim financing in anticipation of tax collections, revenue receipts or bond sales to finance such public purposes.

In addition, certain types of "private activity" bonds may be issued by public authorities to finance projects such as privately operated housing facilities; certain local facilities for supplying water, gas or electricity; sewage or solid waste disposal facilities; student loans; or public or private institutions for the construction of educational, hospital, housing and other facilities. Such obligations are included within the term Tax-exempt Securities if the interest paid thereon is, in the opinion of bond counsel, exempt from federal income tax and (if applicable) state personal income tax (such interest may, however, be subject to federal alternative minimum tax). Other types of private activity bonds, the proceeds of which are used for the construction, repair or

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improvement of, or to obtain equipment for, privately operated industrial or commercial facilities, may also constitute Tax-exempt Securities, although the current federal tax laws place substantial limitations on the size of such issues.

Tax-exempt Securities share many of the structural features and risks of other bonds, as described elsewhere in this SAI. For example, the fund may purchase callable Tax-exempt Securities, zero-coupon Tax-exempt Securities, or “stripped” Tax-exempt Securities, which entail additional risks. The fund may also purchase structured or asset-backed Tax-exempt Securities, such as the securities (including preferred stock) of special purpose entities that hold interests in the Tax-exempt Securities of one or more issuers and issue “tranched” securities that are entitled to receive payments based on the cash flows from those underlying securities. See “—Redeemable securities,” “—Zero-coupon and Payment-in-kind Bonds,” “—Structured investments,” and “—Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities” in this SAI. Structured Tax-exempt Securities may involve increased risk that the interest received by the fund may not be exempt from federal or state income tax, or that such interest may result in liability for the alternative minimum tax for shareholders of the fund. For example, in certain cases, the issuers of certain securities held by a special purpose entity may not have received an unqualified opinion of bond counsel that the interest from the securities will be exempt from federal income tax and (if applicable) the corresponding state’s personal income tax.

The amount of information about the financial condition of an issuer of tax-exempt Securities may not be as extensive as that which is made available by corporations whose securities are publicly traded. As a result, the achievement of the fund's goals is more dependent on Putnam Management's investment analysis than would be the case if the fund were investing in securities of better-known issuers.

Escrow-secured or pre-refunded bonds. These securities are created when an issuer uses the proceeds from a new bond issue to buy high grade, interest-bearing debt securities, generally direct obligations of the U.S. government, in order to redeem (or “pre-refund”), before maturity, an outstanding bond issue that is not immediately callable. These securities are then deposited in an irrevocable escrow account held by a trustee bank to secure all future payments of principal and interest on the pre-refunded bond until that bond’s call date. Pre-refunded bonds often receive an ‘AAA’ or equivalent rating. Because pre-refunded bonds still bear the same interest rate, and have a very high credit quality, their price may increase. However, as the original bond approaches its call date, the bond's price will fall to its call price.

Residual interest bonds. The fund may invest in residual interest bonds, which are created by depositing municipal securities in a trust and dividing the income stream of an underlying municipal bond in two parts, one, a variable rate security and the other, a residual interest bond. The interest rate for the variable rate security is determined by an index or a periodic auction process, while the residual interest bond holder receives the balance of the income from the underlying municipal bond less an auction fee. The market prices of residual interest bonds may be highly sensitive to changes in market rates and may decrease significantly when market rates increase.

Tobacco Settlement Revenue Bonds. The fund may invest in tobacco settlement revenue bonds, which are secured by an issuing state’s proportionate share of payments under the Master Settlement Agreement (“MSA”). The MSA is an agreement that was reached out of court in November 1998 between 46 states and six U.S. jurisdictions and tobacco manufacturers representing an overwhelming majority of U.S. market share. The MSA provides for annual payments by the manufacturers to the states and jurisdictions in perpetuity in exchange for releasing all claims against the manufacturers and a pledge of no further litigation. The MSA established a base payment schedule and a formula for adjusting payments each year. Tobacco manufacturers pay into a master escrow trust based on their market share, and each state receives a fixed percentage of the payment as set forth in the MSA. Within some states, certain localities may in turn be allocated a specific portion of the state’s MSA payment pursuant to an arrangement with the state.

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A number of state and local governments have securitized the future flow of payments under the MSA by selling bonds pursuant to indentures, some through distinct governmental entities created for such purpose. The bonds are backed by the future revenue flow that is used for principal and interest payments on the bonds. Annual payments on the bonds, and thus risk to the fund, are dependent on the receipt of future settlement payments by the state or its instrumentality. The actual amount of future settlement payments may vary based on, among other things, annual domestic cigarette shipments, inflation, the financial capability of participating tobacco companies, and certain offsets for disputed payments. Payments made by tobacco manufacturers could be reduced if cigarette shipments continue to decline below the base levels used in establishing manufacturers’ payment obligations under the MSA. Demand for cigarettes in the U.S. could continue to decline based on many factors, including, without limitation, anti-smoking campaigns, tax increases, price increases implemented to recoup the cost of payments by tobacco companies under the MSA, reduced ability to advertise, enforcement of laws prohibiting sales to minors, elimination of certain sales venues such as vending machines, and the spread of local ordinances restricting smoking in public places.

Because tobacco settlement bonds are backed by payments from the tobacco manufacturers, and generally not by the credit of the state or local government issuing the bonds, their creditworthiness depends on the ability of tobacco manufacturers to meet their obligations. The bankruptcy of an MSA-participating manufacturer could cause delays or reductions in bond payments, which would affect the fund’s net asset value. Under the MSA, a market share loss by MSA-participating tobacco manufacturers to non-MSA participating manufacturers would also cause a downward adjustment in the payment amounts under some circumstances.

The MSA and tobacco manufacturers have been and continue to be subject to various legal claims, including, among others, claims that the MSA violates federal antitrust law. In addition, the United States Department of Justice has alleged in a civil lawsuit that the major tobacco companies defrauded and misled the American public about the health risks associated with smoking cigarettes. An adverse outcome to this lawsuit or to any other litigation matters or regulatory actions relating to the MSA or affecting tobacco manufacturers could adversely affect the payment streams associated with the MSA or cause delays or reductions in bond payments by tobacco manufacturers.

In addition to the risks described above, tobacco settlement revenue bonds are subject to other risks described in this SAI, including the risks of asset-backed securities discussed under “Mortgage-backed and Asset-backed Securities.”

Participation interests (Money Market Funds only). The money market funds may invest in Tax-exempt securities either by purchasing them directly or by purchasing certificates of accrual or similar instruments evidencing direct ownership of interest payments or principal payments, or both, on Tax-exempt securities, provided that, in the opinion of counsel, any discount accruing on a certificate or instrument that is purchased at a yield not greater than the coupon rate of interest on the related Tax-exempt securities will be exempt from federal income tax to the same extent as interest on the Tax-exempt securities. The money market funds may also invest in Tax-exempt securities by purchasing from banks participation interests in all or part of specific holdings of Tax-exempt securities. These participations may be backed in whole or in part by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of the selling bank. The selling bank may receive a fee from the money market funds in connection with the arrangement. The money market funds will not purchase such participation interests unless it receives an opinion of counsel or a ruling of the IRS that interest earned by it on Tax-exempt securities in which it holds such participation interests is exempt from federal income tax. No money market fund expects to invest more than 5% of its assets in participation interests.

Stand-by commitments. When the fund purchases Tax-exempt securities, it has the authority to acquire stand-by commitments from banks and broker-dealers with respect to those Tax-exempt securities. A stand-by commitment may be considered a security independent of the Tax-exempt security to which it relates. The amount payable by a bank or dealer during the time a stand-by commitment is exercisable, absent unusual circumstances, would be substantially the same as the market value of the underlying Tax-exempt security to a third party at any time. The fund expects that stand-by commitments generally will be available without the

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payment of direct or indirect consideration. The fund does not expect to assign any value to stand-by commitments.

Yields. The yields on Tax-exempt securities depend on a variety of factors, including general money market conditions, effective marginal tax rates, the financial condition of the issuer, general conditions of the Tax-exempt security market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. The ratings of nationally recognized securities rating agencies represent their opinions as to the credit quality of the Tax-exempt securities which they undertake to rate. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, Tax-exempt securities with the same maturity and interest rate but with different ratings may have the same yield. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates and may be due to such factors as changes in the overall demand or supply of various types of Tax-exempt securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. Subsequent to purchase by the fund, an issue of Tax-exempt securities or other investments may cease to be rated, or its rating may be reduced below the minimum rating required for purchase by the fund. Neither event will require the elimination of an investment from the fund's portfolio, but Putnam Management will consider such an event in its determination of whether the fund should continue to hold an investment in its portfolio.

"Moral obligation" bonds. The fund may invest in so-called “moral obligation” bonds, where repayment of the bond is backed by a moral (but not legally binding) commitment of an entity other than the issuer, such as a state legislature, to pay. Such a commitment may be in addition to the legal commitment of the issuer to repay the bond or may represent the only payment obligation with respect to the bond (where, for example, no amount has yet been specifically appropriated to pay the bond. See “—Municipal leases” below.)

Municipal leases. The fund may acquire participations in lease obligations or installment purchase contract obligations (collectively, “lease obligations”) of municipal authorities or entities. Lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the municipality for which the municipality’s taxing power is pledged. Certain of these lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses, which provide that the municipality has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. In the case of a “non-appropriation” lease, the fund’s ability to recover under the lease in the event of non-appropriation or default will be limited solely to the repossession of the leased property, and in any event, foreclosure of that property might prove difficult.

Additional risks. Securities in which the fund may invest, including Tax-exempt securities, are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the federal Bankruptcy Code (including special provisions related to municipalities and other public entities), and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. There is also the possibility that, as a result of litigation or other conditions, the power, ability or willingness of issuers to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal on their Tax-exempt securities may be materially affected.

From time to time, legislation may be introduced or litigation may arise that may restrict or eliminate the federal income tax exemption for interest on debt obligations issued by states and their political subdivisions. Federal tax laws limit the types and amounts of tax-exempt bonds issuable for certain purposes, especially industrial development bonds and private activity bonds. Such limits may affect the future supply and yields of these types of Tax-exempt securities. Further proposals limiting the issuance of Tax-exempt securities may well be introduced in the future. If it appeared that the availability of Tax-exempt securities for investment by the fund and the value of the fund's portfolio could be materially affected by such changes in law, the Trustees of the fund would reevaluate its investment objective and policies and consider changes in the structure of the fund or its dissolution. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers for the current law on tax-exempt bonds and securities.

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Warrants

The fund may invest in warrants, which are instruments that give the fund the right to purchase certain securities from an issuer at a specific price (the “strike price”) for a limited period of time. The strike price of warrants typically is much lower than the current market price of the underlying securities, yet they are subject to similar price fluctuations. As a result, warrants may be more volatile investments than the underlying securities and may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss. Warrants do not entitle a holder to dividends or voting rights with respect to the underlying securities and do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuing company. Also, the value of the warrant does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to the expiration date. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.

In addition to warrants on securities, the fund may purchase put warrants and call warrants whose values vary depending on the change in the value of one or more specified securities indices ("index warrants"). Index warrants are generally issued by banks or other financial institutions and give the holder the right, at any time during the term of the warrant, to receive upon exercise of the warrant a cash payment from the issuer based on the value of the underlying index at the time of exercise. In general, if the value of the underlying index rises above the exercise price of the index warrant, the holder of a call warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the value of the index and the exercise price of the warrant; if the value of the underlying index falls, the holder of a put warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the value of the index. The holder of a warrant would not be entitled to any payments from the issuer at any time when, in the case of a call warrant, the exercise price is greater than the value of the underlying index, or, in the case of a put warrant, the exercise price is less than the value of the underlying index. If the fund were not to exercise an index warrant prior to its expiration, then the fund would lose the amount of the purchase price paid by it for the warrant.

The fund will normally use index warrants in a manner similar to its use of options on securities indices. The risks of the fund's use of index warrants are generally similar to those relating to its use of index options. Unlike most index options, however, index warrants are issued in limited amounts and are not obligations of a regulated clearing agency, but are backed only by the credit of the bank or other institution which issues the warrant. Also, index warrants generally have longer terms than index options. Index warrants are not likely to be as liquid as certain index options backed by a recognized clearing agency. In addition, the terms of index warrants may limit the fund's ability to exercise the warrants at such time, or in such quantities, as the fund would otherwise wish to do.

Zero-coupon and Payment-in-kind Bonds

The fund may invest without limit in so-called "zero-coupon" bonds and "payment-in-kind" bonds. Zero-coupon bonds are issued at a significant discount from their principal amount in lieu of paying interest periodically. Payment-in-kind bonds allow the issuer, at its option, to make current interest payments on the bonds either in cash or in additional bonds. Because zero-coupon and payment-in-kind bonds do not pay current interest in cash, their value is subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds that pay interest currently. Both zero-coupon and payment-in-kind bonds allow an issuer to avoid the need to generate cash to meet current interest payments. Accordingly, such bonds may involve greater credit risks than bonds paying interest currently in cash. The fund is required to accrue interest income on such investments and to distribute such amounts at least annually to shareholders even though such bonds do not pay current interest in cash. Thus, it may be necessary at times for the fund to liquidate investments, including when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements under the Internal Revenue Code.

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TAXES

The following discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences is based on the Code, existing U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, as of the date of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the fund. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state and local tax laws.

Taxation of the fund. The fund intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, the fund must, among other things:

(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and (ii) net income from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);

(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the fund’s taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the value of the fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the fund’s total assets is invested (x) in the securities (other than those of the U.S. Government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers which the fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or (y) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined below); and

(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally, taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and net tax-exempt interest income, for such year.

In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in paragraph (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income of a regulated investment company derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (generally defined as a partnership (i) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, (ii) that derives at least 90% of its income from the passive income sources described in Code section 7704(d), and (iii) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in paragraph (a) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership.

For purposes of the diversification test in paragraph (b) above, identification of the issuer (or, in some cases, issuers) of a particular fund investment will depend on the terms and conditions of that investment. In some cases, identification of the issuer (or issuers) is uncertain under current law, and an adverse determination or future guidance by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) with respect to issuer identification for a particular type of investment may adversely affect the fund’s ability to meet the diversification test in (b) above. Also, for the purposes of the diversification test in paragraph (b) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

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If the fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, the fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, as defined below).

If the fund were to fail to meet the income or diversification test described above, the fund could in some cases cure such failure, including by paying a fund-level tax and, in the case of a diversification test failure, disposing of certain assets. If the fund were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure for any year, or were otherwise to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year, the fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Some portions of such distributions may be eligible for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders, and may be eligible to be treated as "qualified dividend income" in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals. In addition, the fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.

The fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and may distribute its net capital gain. Investment company taxable income (which is retained by the fund) will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. The fund may also retain for investment its net capital gain. If the fund retains any net capital gain, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly-filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the fund will be increased by an amount equal under current law to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

Properly reported distributions of net capital gains are the excess of net gains from the sale of capital assets held by the fund for more than one year over net losses from the sale of capital assets held for not more than one year (“Capital Gain Dividends”). For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, in determining its net capital gain for Capital Gain Dividend purposes, a regulated investment company generally must treat any net capital loss or any net long-term capital loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year. In addition, in determining its taxable income for such years, a regulated investment company is permitted to elect to treat all or part of any net capital loss, any net long-term capital loss or any foreign currency loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, in determining net capital gain, including in connection with determining the amount available to support a Capital Gain Dividend, its taxable income and its earnings and profits, a regulated investment company may also elect to treat any post-October capital loss (defined as the greatest of net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss, in each case attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31) and late-year ordinary loss (generally, (i) net ordinary loss from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable to the portion of the taxable year after October 31, plus (ii) other net ordinary loss attributable to the portion of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

If the fund fails to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, the fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of property that would otherwise be properly taken into account after October 31 are

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treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. For purposes of the excise tax, the fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid by the fund on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend was declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year. The fund intends generally to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.

The fund distributes its net investment income and capital gains to shareholders as dividends annually to the extent required to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code and generally to avoid federal income or excise tax. Under current law, the fund may treat the portion of redemption proceeds paid to redeeming shareholders that represents the redeeming shareholders’ portion of the undistributed investment company taxable income and capital gain of the fund as a distribution of investment company taxable income and net capital gain on the fund’s tax return. This practice, which involves the use of equalization accounting, will have the effect of reducing the amount of income and gains that the fund is required to distribute as dividends to shareholders in order for the fund to avoid federal income tax and excise tax. This practice may also reduce the amount of distributions required to be made to non-redeeming shareholders and the amount of any undistributed income will be reflected in the value of the shares of the fund; the total return on a shareholder’s investment will not be reduced as a result of the distribution policy. Investors who purchase shares shortly before the record date of a distribution will pay the full price for the shares and then receive some portion of the price back as a taxable distribution.

Fund distributions. Distributions from the fund (other than exempt-interest dividends, as discussed below) will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income to the extent derived from the fund’s investment income and net short-term capital gains. Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the fund before a shareholder’s investment (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares of the fund or other Putnam funds. Capital Gain Dividends will be taxable to shareholders as such, regardless of how long a shareholder has held the shares in the fund.

For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, “qualified dividend income” received by an individual will be taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain. In order for some portion of the dividends received by a fund shareholder to be qualified dividend income, the fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, on the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. The fund generally expects to report (generally on an IRS Form 1099) eligible dividends as qualified dividend income.

In general, distributions of investment income reported by a fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to such fund’s shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by a fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the fund’s dividends (other than properly reported Capital Gain Dividends) will be

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eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain included in the term “gross income” is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.

In general, fixed-income and money market funds receive interest, rather than dividends, from their portfolio securities. As a result, it is not currently expected that any significant portion of such funds’ distributions to shareholders will be derived from qualified dividend income. For information regarding qualified dividend income received from underlying funds, see “Funds of funds” below.

In general, dividends of net investment income received by corporate shareholders of a fund will qualify for the 70% dividends-received deduction generally available to corporations to the extent of the amount of eligible dividends received by the fund from domestic corporations for the taxable year. A dividend received by the fund will not be treated as a dividend eligible for the dividends-received deduction (1) if it has been received with respect to any share of stock that the fund has held for less than 46 days (91 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 91-day period beginning on the date which is 45 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date in the case of certain preferred stock) or (2) to the extent that the fund is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Moreover, the dividends received deduction may otherwise be disallowed or reduced (1) if the corporate shareholder fails to satisfy the foregoing requirements with respect to its shares of the fund or (2) by application of various provisions of the Code (for instance, the dividends-received deduction is reduced in the case of a dividend received on debt-financed portfolio stock (generally, stock acquired with borrowed funds)) For information regarding eligibility for the dividends-received deduction of dividend income derived from an underlying fund, see “Funds of funds” below.

Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reduced—in general, to 15% with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets— for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013.

Exempt-interest dividends. A fund will be qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders if, at the close of each quarter of the fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of the total value of the fund’s assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax. In some cases, a fund may also pass through to its shareholders the tax-exempt character of any exempt-interest dividends it receives from underlying funds in which it invests (see “Funds of funds,” below). Distributions that a fund reports (generally on an IRS Form 1099) as exempt-interest dividends are treated as interest excludable from shareholders’ gross income for federal income tax purposes but may be taxable for federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) purposes and for state and local purposes. If the fund intends to qualify to pay exempt-interest dividends, the fund may be limited in its ability to enter into taxable transactions involving forward commitments, repurchase agreements, financial futures and options contracts on financial futures, tax-exempt bond indices and other assets.

Part or all of the interest on indebtedness, if any, incurred or continued by a shareholder to purchase or carry shares of the fund paying exempt-interest dividends is not deductible. The portion of interest that is not deductible is equal to the total interest paid or accrued on the indebtedness, multiplied by the percentage of the fund’s total distributions (not including distributions from net long-term capital gains) paid to the shareholder that are exempt-interest dividends. Under rules used by the IRS to determine when borrowed funds are considered used for the purpose of purchasing or carrying particular assets, the purchase of shares may be considered to have been made with borrowed funds even though such funds are not directly traceable to the purchase of shares.

In general, exempt-interest dividends, if any, attributable to interest received on certain private activity obligations and certain industrial development bonds will not be tax-exempt to any shareholders who are “substantial users” of the facilities financed by such obligations or bonds or who are “related persons” of such substantial users.

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A fund that is qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends will report those dividends to shareholders in a written statement furnished to shareholders (generally annually on an IRS Form 1099). In general, if the amount of the fund’s distributions reported as exempt-interest dividends during a taxable year exceeds the net exempt interest received by the fund during that year, the amount of the distributions qualifying as tax-exempt will be scaled back. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, a non-calendar-year fund will be permitted in certain circumstances to elect to “frontload” the amounts so qualifying by allocating exempt income it received during a taxable year to distributions made on or before December 31 of such taxable year; otherwise, the amount so qualifying will be scaled back in proportion to distributions. For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, shareholders will generally include the excess amount as a taxable dividend to the extent of certain disallowed deductions and thereafter as a return of capital. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, the excess amount will generally be treated as entirely a return of capital. The percentage of a shareholder’s income reported as tax-exempt for any particular distribution may be substantially different from the percentage of the fund’s income that was tax-exempt during the period covered by the distribution.

Exempt-interest dividends may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT. For individual shareholders, exempt-interest dividends that are derived from interest on private activity bonds that are issued after August 7, 1986 (other than a “qualified 501(c)(3) bond,” as such term is defined in the Code) generally must be included in an individual’s tax base for purposes of calculating the shareholder’s liability for federal AMT. Corporate shareholders will be required to include all exempt-interest dividends in determining their federal AMT. The AMT calculation for corporations is based, in part, on a corporation’s earnings and profits for the year. A corporation must include all exempt-interest dividends in calculating its earnings and profits for the year.

Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund intends to distribute exempt-interest dividends that will not be taxable for federal AMT purposes for individuals. It intends to make such distributions by investing in tax exempt securities other than private activity bonds that are issued after August 7, 1986 (other than “qualified 501(c)(3) bonds,” as such term is defined in the Code). Because corporate shareholders are required to include all exempt-interest dividends in determining their federal AMT, exempt-interest dividends distributed by Putnam AMT-Free Municipal Fund will be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT.

Funds of funds. If a fund invests in shares of underlying funds, a portion of its distributable income and gains will consist of distributions from the underlying funds and gains and losses on the disposition of shares of the underlying funds. To the extent that an underlying fund realizes net losses on its investments for a given taxable year, the fund will not be able to recognize its share of those losses (so as to offset distributions of net income or capital gains from other underlying funds) until it disposes of shares of the underlying fund or those losses reduce distributions required to be made by the underlying fund. Moreover, even when the fund does make such a disposition, a portion of its loss may be recognized as a long-term capital loss, which will not be treated as favorably for federal income tax purposes as a short-term capital loss or an ordinary deduction. In particular, the fund will not be able to offset any capital losses from its dispositions of underlying fund shares against its ordinary income (including distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized by an underlying fund). As a result of the foregoing rules, and certain other special rules, the amounts of net investment income and net capital gains that the fund will be required to distribute to shareholders may be greater than such amounts would have been had the fund invested directly in the securities held by the underlying funds, rather than investing in shares of the underlying funds. For similar reasons, the amount or timing of distributions from a fund qualifying for treatment as being of a particular character (e.g., as long-term capital gain, exempt interest, eligible for dividends-received deduction, etc.) will not necessarily be the same as it would have been had the fund invested directly in the securities held by the underlying funds. In addition, in certain circumstances, the "wash sale" rules under Section 1091 of the Code may apply to a fund's sales of underlying fund shares that have generated losses. A wash sale occurs if shares of an underlying fund are sold by the fund at a loss and the fund acquires additional shares of that same underlying fund 30 days before or after the date of the sale. The wash-sale rules could defer losses in the fund's hands on sales of

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underlying fund shares (to the extent such sales are wash sales) for extended (and, in certain cases, potentially indefinite) periods of time.

If a fund receives dividends from an underlying fund that qualifies as a regulated investment company, and the underlying fund reports such dividends as “qualified dividend income,” then the fund may, in turn, report a portion of its distributions as “qualified dividend income” as well, provided the fund meets the holding period and other requirements with respect to shares of the underlying fund.

If the Fund receives dividends from an underlying fund and the underlying fund reports such dividends as eligible for the dividends-received deduction, then the fund is permitted, in turn, to designate a portion of its distributions as eligible for the dividends-received deduction, provided the Fund meets the holding period and other requirements with respect to shares of the underlying fund.

For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, a fund cannot pass through to its shareholders the tax-exempt character of any exempt-interest dividends it receives from underlying funds in which it invests. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, if, at the close of each quarter of a fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of its total assets consists of interests in other regulated investment companies (such fund, a “qualified fund of funds”), the fund will be permitted to distribute exempt-interest dividends and thereby pass through to its shareholders the tax-exempt character of any exempt-interest dividends it receives from underlying funds in which it invests, or interest on any tax-exempt obligations in which it directly invests, if any. For further information regarding exempt-interest dividends, see “Exempt-interest dividends,” above.

For taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010, the fund cannot pass through to shareholders any credit or deduction for foreign taxes borne in respect of foreign securities income earned by any underlying funds. For taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010, if the fund is a qualified fund of funds, it will be permitted to elect to pass through to its shareholders foreign taxes it has paid or foreign taxes passed through to it by any underlying funds that themselves have made such an election, so that shareholders of the fund will be eligible to claim a tax credit or deduction for such taxes. Even if the fund were eligible to make such an election for a given year, it may determine not to do so. See “Foreign taxes” below for more information.

Derivative transactions. If the fund engages in derivative transactions, including transactions in options, futures contracts, straddles, and other similar transactions, including for hedging purposes, it will be subject to special tax rules (including constructive sale, mark-to-market, straddle, wash sale, and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the fund, defer losses to the fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the fund’s securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The fund may make any applicable elections pertaining to such transactions consistent with the interests of the fund.

Because these and other tax rules applicable to these types of transactions are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid a fund-level tax.

The fund’s use of commodity-linked derivatives can bear on or be limited by the fund’s intention to qualify as a regulated investment company. Income and gains from certain commodity-linked derivatives does not constitute qualifying income to a regulated investment company for purposes of the 90% gross income test described above. The tax treatment of certain other commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the fund might invest is not certain, in particular with respect to whether income or gains from such instruments constitute qualifying income to a regulated investment company. If the fund were to treat income or gain from a particular instrument as qualifying income and the income or gain were later determined not to constitute

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qualifying income and, together with any other nonqualifying income, caused the fund’s nonqualifying income to exceed 10% of its gross income in any taxable year, the fund would fail to qualify as a regulated investment company unless it is eligible to and does pay a tax at the fund level.

Certain of the fund’s derivative activities (including its transactions, if any, in foreign currencies or foreign currency-denominated instruments) are likely to produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If the fund’s book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in the shares, and (iii) thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If the fund’s book income is less than its taxable income (or, for tax-exempt funds, the sum of its net tax-exempt and taxable income), the fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment and to eliminate fund-level income tax.

In general, 40% of the gain or loss arising from the closing out of a futures contract traded on an exchange approved by the CFTC is treated as short-term gain or loss, and 60% is treated as long-term gain or loss.

Investments in REITs. If the fund invests in equity securities of real estate investment trusts ("REITs"), such investments in REIT equity securities may require the fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold. The fund's investment in REIT equity securities may at other times result in the fund's receipt of cash in excess of the REIT's earnings. If the fund distributes such amounts, such distribution could constitute a return of capital to the fund shareholders for federal income tax purposes. Dividends received by a fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.

The fund may invest in REITs, including REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits ("REMICs"), REITs that are themselves taxable mortgage pools ("TMPs") or REITs that invest in TMPs. Under a notice recently issued by the IRS and Treasury regulations that have not yet been issued, but may apply retroactively, a portion of a fund's income from a REIT that is attributable to the REIT's residual interest in a REMIC or TMP (referred to in the Code as an "excess inclusion") will be subject to federal income tax in all events. This notice also provides, and the regulations are expected to provide, that excess inclusion income of a regulated investment company, such as the fund, will be allocated to shareholders of the regulated investment company in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC or TMP residual interest directly.

In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income ("UBTI") to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. Any investment in residual interests of a Collateralized Mortgage Obligation (a “CMO”) that has elected to be treated as a REMIC can create complex tax problems, especially if the fund has state or local governments or other tax-exempt organizations as shareholders. Under current law, a fund serves to block UBTI from being realized by its tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder will recognize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the fund if shares in the fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b). Furthermore, a tax-exempt shareholder may recognize UBTI if the fund recognizes “excess inclusion income” derived from direct or indirect investments in REMIC residual interests or TMPs if the amount of such income recognized by the fund exceeds the fund's investment company taxable income (after taking into account deductions for dividends paid by the fund).

February 17, 2012  II-60 

 



Under legislation enacted in December 2006, a charitable remainder trust ("CRT"), as defined in Section 664 of the Code, that realizes UBTI for a taxable year must pay an excise tax annually of an amount equal to such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in October 2006, a CRT will not recognize UBTI solely as a result of investing in a fund that recognizes “excess inclusion income.” Rather, if at any time during any taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such as the United States, a state or political subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, and certain energy cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in a fund that recognizes “excess inclusion income,” then the fund will be subject to a tax on that portion of its “excess inclusion income” for the taxable year that is allocable to such shareholders at the highest federal corporate income tax rate. The extent to which this IRS guidance remains applicable in light of the December 2006 legislation is unclear. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the fund may elect to specially allocate any such tax to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and thus reduce such shareholder’s distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to such shareholder’s interest in the fund. CRTs are urged to consult their tax advisors concerning the consequences of investing in the fund.

Return of capital distributions. If the fund makes a distribution to you in excess of its current and accumulated “earnings and profits” in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of your tax basis in your shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces your tax basis in your shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by you of your shares.

Dividends and distributions on the fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the fund’s realized income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the fund’s net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized income and gains may be required to be distributed even when the fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses. Distributions are taxable to a shareholder even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the fund prior to the shareholder’s investment (and thus included in the price paid by the shareholder).

Securities issued or purchased at a discount. The fund’s investment in securities issued at a discount and certain other obligations will (and investments in securities purchased at a discount may) require the fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio that it otherwise would have continued to hold.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance that are acquired by the fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance that are acquired by the fund may be treated as having acquisition discount or original issue discount ("OID"). Generally, the fund will be required to include the acquisition discount or OID in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having acquisition discount or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

If the fund holds the foregoing kinds of securities, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if

February 17, 2012  II-61 

 



necessary. The fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

Higher-Risk Securities. The fund may invest to a significant extent in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated, including debt obligations of issuers not currently paying interest or who are in default. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for the fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as whether the fund should recognize market discount on a debt obligation and, if so, the amount of market discount the fund should recognize, when the fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income. These and other related issues will be addressed by the fund when, as and if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

Capital loss carryforward. Distributions from capital gains are generally made after applying any available capital loss carryforwards. Capital loss carryforwards are reduced to the extent they offset current-year net realized capital gains, whether the fund retains or distributes such gains. If a fund incurs or has incurred net capital losses in a taxable year beginning on or before December 22, 2010 (“pre-2011 losses”), the fund is permitted to carry such losses forward for eight taxable years; in the year to which they are carried forward, such losses are treated as short-term capital losses that first offset short-term capital gains, and then offset long-term capital gains. A fund is permitted to carry forward net capital losses it incurs in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 without expiration. Any such carryforward losses will retain their character as short-term or long-term; this may well result in larger distributions of short-term gains to shareholders (taxed as ordinary income to individual shareholders) than would have resulted under the previous regime described above. The fund must use any such carryforwards, which will not expire, applying them first against gains of the same character, before it uses any pre-2011 losses. This increases the likelihood that pre-2011 losses will expire unused at the conclusion of the eight-year carryforward period. The amounts and expiration dates, if any, of any capital loss carryovers available to the fund are shown in Note 1 (Federal income taxes) to the financial statements included in Part I of this SAI or incorporated by reference into this SAI.

Foreign taxes. If more than 50% of the fund’s assets at year end consists of the securities of foreign corporations, the fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the fund to foreign countries in respect of foreign securities the fund has held for at least the minimum period specified in the Code. A qualified fund of funds also may elect to pass through to its shareholders foreign taxes it has paid or foreign taxes passed through to it by any underlying fund that itself elected to pass through such taxes to shareholders (see “Funds of funds” above). In such a case, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata shares of such taxes. A shareholder’s ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code, as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, shareholders must hold their fund shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such foreign taxes. Even if the fund were eligible to make such an election for a given year, it may determine not to do so.

Passive Foreign Investment Companies. Investment by the fund in “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”) could subject the fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on the proceeds from the sale of its investment in such a company. This tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to fund shareholders; however, this tax can be avoided by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or to treat the passive foreign investment company as a “qualified electing fund.” The QEF and mark-to-market elections may have the effect of

February 17, 2012  II-62 

 



accelerating the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increasing the amount required to be distributed by the fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the fund to liquidate other investments to meet its distribution requirement, which may also accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the fund’s total return. Because it is not always possible to identify a foreign corporation as a PFIC, the fund may incur tax and interest charges in some instances. Dividends paid by PFICs will not be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income.”

A “passive foreign investment company” is any foreign corporation: (i) 75 percent or more of the income of which for the taxable year is passive income, or (ii) the average percentage of the assets of which (generally by value, but by adjusted tax basis in certain cases) that produce or are held for the production of passive income is at least 50 percent. Generally, passive income for this purpose means dividends, interest (including income equivalent to interest), royalties, rents, annuities, the excess of gains over losses from certain property transactions and commodities transactions, and foreign currency gains. Passive income for this purpose does not include rents and royalties received by the foreign corporation from active business and certain income received from related persons.

Foreign currency-denominated securities and related hedging transactions. The fund’s transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.

Sale or redemption of shares. The sale, exchange or redemption of fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise the gain or loss on the sale, exchange or redemption of fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, if a shareholder sells shares at a loss within six months of purchase, any loss generally will be disallowed for federal income tax purposes to the extent of any exempt-interest dividends received on such shares. This loss disallowance, however, does not apply with respect to redemptions of fund shares with a holding period beginning after December 22, 2010, if such fund declares substantially all of its net tax-exempt income as exempt-interest dividends on a daily basis, and pays such dividends at least on a monthly basis. In addition, any loss (not already disallowed as provided in the preceding sentence) realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any Capital Gain Dividends received by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of fund shares will be disallowed if other shares of the same fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

Cost basis reporting. Upon the redemption or exchange of your shares in the fund, the fund, or, if your shares are then held through a financial intermediary, the financial intermediary, generally will be required to provide you and the IRS with cost basis and certain other related tax information about the fund shares you redeemed or exchanged. This cost basis reporting requirement is effective for shares purchased, including through dividend reinvestment, on or after January 1, 2012. Please see www.putnam.com/costbasis, or call the fund at 1-800-225-1581, or consult your financial representative, as appropriate, for more information regarding available methods for cost basis reporting and how to select a particular method. Please consult your tax advisor to determine which available cost basis method is best for you.

Shares purchased through tax-qualified plans. Special tax rules apply to investments though defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the suitability of shares of a fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of an investment on their particular tax situation.

February 17, 2012  II-63 

 



Backup withholding. The fund generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable dividends and other distributions paid to any individual shareholder who fails to furnish the fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (TIN), who has under-reported dividends or interest income, or who fails to certify to the fund that he or she is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding rules may also apply to distributions that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends. The back-up withholding tax rate is 28% for amounts paid through 2012. This rate will expire and the back-up withholding rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2012, unless Congress enacts tax legislation providing otherwise. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS.

In order for a foreign investor to qualify for exemption from the back-up withholding tax rates and for reduced withholding tax rates under income tax treaties, the foreign investor must comply with special certification and filing requirements. Foreign investors in a fund should consult their tax advisors in this regard.

Tax shelter reporting regulations. Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of fund shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

Non-U.S. Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than Capital Gain Dividends or exempt-interest dividends) paid by the fund to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code (a “foreign person”) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) even if they are funded by income or gains (such as portfolio interest, short-term capital gains, or foreign-source dividend and interest income) that, if paid to a foreign person directly, would not be subject to withholding. However, effective for taxable years of the fund beginning before January 1, 2012, the fund is not required to withhold any amounts (i) with respect to distributions (other than distributions to a foreign person (w) that has not provided a satisfactory statement that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. person, (x) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest on an obligation if the foreign person is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer, (y) that is within certain foreign countries that have inadequate information exchange with the United States, or (z) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that is a related person of the foreign person and the foreign person is a controlled foreign corporation) from U.S.-source interest income that would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign person, to the extent such distributions are properly reported by the fund (an “interest-related dividend”), and (ii) with respect to distributions (other than (a) distributions to an individual foreign person who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the distribution and (b) distributions subject to special rules regarding the disposition of U.S. real property interests) of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, to the extent such distributions are properly reported by the fund (a “short-term capital gain dividend”). The fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as interest-related and/or short-term capital gain dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so. It is currently unclear whether Congress will extend the exemption from withholding for interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends for dividends with respect to taxable years of a fund beginning on or after January 1, 2012 and what the terms of any such extension would be.

The fact that a fund achieves its investment objectives by investing in underlying funds will generally not adversely affect the fund’s ability to pass on to foreign shareholders the full benefit of the interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends that it receives from its underlying investments in the funds, except possibly to the extent that (1) interest-related dividends received by the fund are offset by deductions allocable to the fund’s qualified interest income or (2) short-term capital gain dividends received by the fund

February 17, 2012  II-64 

 



are offset by the fund’s net short- or long-term capital losses, in which case the amount of a distribution from the fund to a foreign shareholder that is properly reported as either an interest-related dividend or a short-term capital gain dividend, respectively, may be less than the amount that such shareholder would have received had they invested directly in the underlying funds. If a beneficial holder who is a foreign person has a trade or business in the United States, and the dividends are effectively connected with the conduct by the beneficial holder of a trade or business in the United States, the dividend will be subject to U.S. federal net income taxation at regular income tax rates.

Under U.S. federal tax law, a beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of shares of the fund or on Capital Gain Dividends and, with respect to taxable years of a fund beginning before January 1, 2012, short-term capital gain dividends, unless (i) such gain or Capital Gain Dividend or short term capital gain dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or Capital Gain Dividend or short term capital gain dividend and certain other conditions are met.

Other Reporting and Withholding Requirements. New rules enacted in March 2010 require the reporting to the IRS of direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts and foreign entities by U.S. persons. Failure to provide this required information can result in a 30% withholding tax on certain payments (“withholdable payments”) made after December 31, 2010. Withholdable payments include U.S.-source dividends and interest, and gross proceeds from the sale or disposal of property that can produce U.S.-source dividends or interest.

The IRS has issued only very preliminary guidance with respect to these new rules; their scope remains unclear and potentially subject to material change. Very generally, it is possible that distributions made by the fund after December 31, 2012 (or such later date as may be provided in future guidance) to a shareholder, including a distribution in redemption of shares and a distribution of income or gains otherwise exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to non-U.S. shareholders described above (e.g., Capital Gain Dividends and short-term capital gain and interest-related dividends, as described above), will be subject to the new 30% withholding requirement. Payments to a foreign shareholder that is a “foreign financial institution” will generally be subject to withholding, unless such shareholder enters into an agreement with the IRS. Payments to shareholders that are U.S. persons or foreign individuals will generally not be subject to withholding, so long as such shareholders provide the fund with such certifications or other documentation as the fund requires to comply with the new rules. Persons investing in the fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary regarding the application of the new reporting and withholding regime to their investments in the fund.

Shareholders are urged to consult a tax advisor regarding this new reporting and withholding regime, in light of their particular circumstances.

General Considerations. The federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisers regarding the specific federal tax consequences of purchasing, holding, and disposing of shares of the fund, as well as the effects of state, local and foreign tax law and any proposed tax law changes.

February 17, 2012  II-65 

 



MANAGEMENT

Trustees

Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

Ravi Akhoury (Born 1947),  Advisor to New York  Director of Jacob Ballas Capital India (a non- 
Trustee since 2009  Life Insurance  banking finance company focused on private equity 
  Company. Served as  advisory services) and a member of its 
  Chairman and CEO of  Compensation Committee. Mr. Akhoury also serves 
  MacKay Shields (a  as a Director of RAGE Frameworks, Inc. (a private 
  multi-product  software company). Mr. Akhoury previously served 
  investment management  as Director and on the Compensation Committee of 
  firm with AUM over $40  MaxIndia/New York Life Insurance Company in 
  billion) from 1992 to  India. Mr. Akhoury is also a Trustee of the Rubin 
  2007.  Museum, serving on the Investment Committee, and 
    of American India Foundation. Mr. Akhoury is a 
    former Vice President and Investment Policy 
    Committee member of Fischer, Francis, Trees and 
    Watts (a fixed-income portfolio management firm). 
    He previously served on the Board of Bharti 
    Telecom (an Indian telecommunications company) 
    and was a member of its Audit and Compensation 
    Committees. He also served on the Board of 
    Thompson Press (a publishing company) and was a 
    member of its Audit Committee. Mr. Akhoury 
    graduated from the Indian Institute of Technology 
    with a BS in Engineering and obtained an MS in 
    Quantitative Methods from SUNY at Stony Brook. 

Barbara M. Baumann (Born  President of Cross Creek  Director of SM Energy Company (a publicly held 
1955), Trustee since 2010  Energy Corporation, a  U.S. exploration and production company), 
  strategic consultant to  UniSource Energy Corporation (a publicly held 
  domestic energy firms  electric utility in Arizona), and CVR Energy, Inc. (a 
  and direct investor in  publicly held petroleum refiner and fertilizer 
  energy projects.  manufacturer. She is a Trustee of Mount Holyoke 
    College. She is a former Chair of the Board, and a 
    current Board member, of Girls Inc. of Metro 
    Denver, and serves on the Finance Committee of 
    The Children’s Hospital of Denver. Prior to 2003, 
    Ms. Baumann was Executive Vice President of 
    Associated Energy Managers, LLC (a domestic 
    private equity firm). From 1981 until 2000 she held 
    a variety of financial and operational management 
    positions with the global energy company Amoco 
    Corporation and its successor, BP Amoco. Ms. 
    Baumann holds a B.A. from Mount Holyoke College 
    and an MBA from The Wharton School of the 
    University of Pennsylvania. 

Jameson A. Baxter (Born  President of Baxter  Chairman of the Mutual Fund Directors Forum; 
1943), Trustee since 1994,  Associates, Inc., (a  Director of the Adirondack Land Trust; and Trustee 
Vice Chair from 2005 to 2011  private investment firm).  of the The Nature Conservancy’s Adirondack 

 

February 17, 2012  II-66 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

and Chair since 2011    Chapter. Until 2011, Ms. Baxter was a Director of 
    ASHTA Chemicals Inc. Until 2007, Ms. Baxter was 
    a Director of Banta Corporation (a printing and 
    supply chain management company), Ryerson, Inc. 
    (a metals service company) and Advocate Health 
    Care. She has also served as a director on a number 
    of other boards including BoardSource (formerly the 
    National Center for Nonprofit Boards), Intermatic 
    Corporation (a manufacturer of energy control 
    products) and MB Financial. She is Chairman 
    Emeritus of the Board of Trustees, Mount Holyoke 
    College. Ms. Baxter is also a graduate of Mount 
    Holyoke College. 

Charles B. Curtis (Born  Senior Advisor to the  Member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the 
1940), Trustee since 2001  Center for Strategic and  National Petroleum Council. Mr. Curtis also serves 
  International Studies.  as a Director of Edison International and Southern 
  Previously, President  California Edison. Until 2006, Mr. Curtis served as 
  and Chief Operating  a member of the Trustee Advisory Council of the 
  Officer, Nuclear Threat  Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins 
  Initiative (a private  University. Mr. Curtis is an attorney with over 15 
  foundation dealing with  years in private practice and 19 years in various 
  national security issues).  positions in public service, including service at the 
    Department of Treasury, the U.S. House of 
    Representatives, the Securities and Exchange 
    Commission, the Federal Energy Regulatory 
    Commission and the Department of Energy. 

Robert J. Darretta (Born  Mr. Darretta serves as a  Until April, 2007, Mr. Darretta was Vice Chairman 
1946), Trustee since 2007  director of the United  of the Board of Directors of Johnson & Johnson (a 
  Health Group and as the  diversified health care conglomerate). Mr. Darretta 
  Health Care Industry  received a B.S. in Economics from Villanova 
  Advisor to Permira, (a  University. 
  global private equity   
  firm). Prior to 2007, Mr.   
  Darretta was the Chief   
  Financial Officer of   
  Johnson & Johnson.   

John A. Hill (Born 1942),  Vice Chairman, First  Director of Devon Energy Corporation and various 
Trustee since 1985 and  Reserve Corporation (a  private companies owned by First Reserve 
Chairman from 2000 to 2011  private equity buyout  Corporation. He is also Chairman of The Board of 
  firm that specializes in  Trustees of Sarah Lawrence College and a member 
  energy investments in  of the Advisory Board of the Millstein Center for 
  the diversified world-  Corporate Governance and Performance at the Yale 
  wide energy industry).  School of Management. Mr. Hill received a B.A in 
    Economics from Southern Methodist University and 
    pursued graduate studies as a Woodrow Wilson 
    Fellow. 

Paul L. Joskow (Born 1947),  President of the Alfred  Trustee of Yale University; a Director of 
Trustee since 1997  P. Sloan Foundation (a  TransCanada Corporation (an energy company 

 

February 17, 2012  II-67 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

  philanthropic institution  focused on natural gas transmission and power 
  focused primarily on  services) and of Exelon Corporation (an energy 
  research and education  company focused on power services); and a Member 
  on issues related to  of the Board of Overseers of the Boston Symphony 
  science, technology and  Orchestra. Prior to August 2007, he served as a 
  economic performance).  Director of National Grid (a U.K.-based holding 
  He is the Elizabeth and  company with interests in electric and gas 
  James Killian Professor  transmission and distribution and 
  of Economics, Emeritus  telecommunications infrastructure). Prior to July, 
  and Management at the  2006, he served as President of the Yale University 
  Massachusetts Institute  Council. Prior to February 2005, he served on the 
  of Technology (“MIT”).  board of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical 
  Prior to 2007, he was the  Research (a non-profit research institution). Prior to 
  Director of the Center  February 2002, he was a Director of State Farm 
  for Energy and  Indemnity Company (an automobile insurance 
  Environmental Policy  company), and prior to March 2000, he was a 
  Research at MIT.  Director of New England Electric System (a public 
    utility holding company). Dr. Joskow holds a Ph.D. 
    and a M.Phil. From Yale University and a B.A. from 
    Cornell University. 

Elizabeth T. Kennan  Partner in Cambus-  Dr. Kennan served as Chairman and is now Lead 
(Born 1938), Trustee from  Kenneth Farm  Director of Northeast Utilities. She is a Trustee of 
1992-2010, and since 2012  (thoroughbred horse  the National Trust for Historic Preservation and of 
  breeding and general  Centre College, and Chairman of the Board of 
  farming). She is  Trustees of Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill. From 
  President Emeritus of  1992 to 2010, Dr. Kennan served as a Trustee on the 
  Mount Holyoke College.  Board of the Putnam Funds, which she then rejoined 
    as a Trustee in 2012. Until 2006, she was a member 
    of The Trustees of Reservations. Prior to June 2005, 
    she was a Director of Talbots, Inc., and she has 
    served as Director on a number of other boards, 
    including Bell Atlantic, Chastain Real Estate, 
    Shawmut Bank, Berkshire Life Insurance, and 
    Kentucky Home Life Insurance. Dr. Kennan has also 
    served as President of Five Colleges Incorporated 
    and as a Trustee of the University of Notre Dame, 
    and is active in various educational and civic 
    associations. Prior to 2001, Dr. Kennan served on 
    the oversight committee of the Folger Shakespeare 
    Library. 
 
    As a member of the faculty of Catholic University 
    for twelve years, until 1978, Dr. Kennan directed the 
    post-doctoral program in Patristic and Medieval 
    Studies, taught history, and published numerous 
    articles and two books. Dr. Kennan holds a Ph.D. 
    from the University of Washington in Seattle, an 
    M.A. from Oxford University, and an A.B. from 
    Mount Holyoke College. She holds several honorary 
doctorates. 

 

February 17, 2012  II-68 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

Kenneth R. Leibler (Born  A founder and former  Until November 2010, Mr. Leibler was a Director of 
1949), Trustee since 2006  Chairman of the Boston  Ruder Finn Group (a global communications and 
  Options Exchange (an  advertising firm). Prior to December 2006, Mr. 
  electronic market place  Leibler served as a Director of the Optimum Funds 
  for the trading of listed  Group. Prior to October 2006, he served as a 
  derivatives securities).  Director of ISO New England (the organization 
  He currently serves as  responsible for the operation of the electric 
  Vice Chairman of the  generation system in the New England states). Prior 
  Board of Trustees of  to 2000, he was a Director of the Investment 
  Beth Israel Deaconess  Company Institute in Washington, D.C. Prior to 
  Hospital in Boston and  January, 2005 Mr. Leibler served as Chairman and 
  as a Director of  Chief Executive Officer of the Boston Stock 
  Northeast Utilities,  Exchange. Prior to January 2000, he served as 
  which operates New  President and Chief Executive Officer of Liberty 
  England’s largest energy  Financial Companies (a publicly traded diversified 
  delivery system.  asset management organization). Prior to June 1990, 
    he served as President and Chief Operating Officer 
    of the American Stock Exchange (AMEX). Prior to 
    serving as AMEX President, he held the position of 
    Chief Financial Officer, and headed its management 
    and marketing operations. Mr. Leibler graduated 
    with a B.A in Economics from Syracuse University. 

Robert E. Patterson (Born  Senior Partner of Cabot  Mr. Patterson is past Chairman and served as a 
1945), Trustee since 1984  Properties, L.P. and Co-  Trustee of the Joslin Diabetes Center. Prior to 
  Chairman of Cabot  December 2001, Mr. Patterson served as the 
  Properties, Inc. (a  President and as a Trustee of Cabot Industrial Trust 
  private equity firm  (a publicly-traded real estate investment trust). He 
  investing in commercial  has also served as a Trustee of the Sea Education 
  real estate  Association. Prior to 1998, he was Executive Vice 
    President and Director of Acquisitions of Cabot 
    Partners Limited Partnership (a registered 
    investment adviser involved in institutional real 
    estate investments). Prior to 1990, he served as 
    Executive Vice President of Cabot & Forbes Realty 
    Advisers, Inc. (the predecessor company of Cabot 
    Partners). Mr. Patterson practiced law and held 
    various positions in state government, and was the 
    founding Executive Director of the Massachusetts 
    Industrial Finance Agency. Mr. Patterson is a 
    graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Law 
    School. 

George Putnam, III (Born  Chairman of New  Director of The Boston Family Office, LLC (a 
1951), Trustee since 1984  Generation Research,  registered investment advisor), a Trustee of 
  Inc. (a publisher of  Epiphany School and a Trustee of the Marine 
  financial advisory and  Biological Laboratory. Until 2010, Mr. Putnam was 
  other research services)  a Trustee of St. Mark’s School. Until 2006, Mr. 
  and President of New  Putnam was a Trustee of Shore Country Day School. 

 

February 17, 2012  II-69 

 



Name, Address1 , Year of  Principal  Other Directorships Held by Trustee 
Birth, Position(s) Held with  Occupation(s) During   
Fund and Length of Service  Past 5 Years   
as a Putnam Fund Trustee2     

  Generation Advisors,  Until 2002, he was a Trustee of the Sea Education 
  LLC (a registered  Association. Mr. Putnam is a graduate of Harvard 
  investment adviser to  College, Harvard Business School and Harvard Law 
  private funds), which are  School. 
  firms he founded in   
  1986. Prior to June 2007,   
  Mr. Putnam was   
  President of the Putnam   
  Funds.   

W. Thomas Stephens (Born  Prior to 2009, Mr.  Director of TransCanadaPipelines Ltd (an energy 
1942), Trustee from 1997-  Stephens was Chairman  infrastructure company). Until 2010, Mr. Stephens 
2008, and since 2009  and Chief Executive  was a Director of Boise Inc. (a manufacturer of 
  Officer of Boise  paper and packaging products). Until 2004, Mr. 
  Cascade, LLC (a paper,  Stephens was a Director of Xcel Energy 
  forest product and  Incorporated (a public utility company), Qwest 
  timberland assets  Communications and Norske Canada, Inc. (a paper 
  company).  manufacturer). Until 2003, Mr. Stephens was a 
    Director of Mail-Well, Inc. (a diversified printing 
    company). Prior to July 2001, Mr. Stephens was 
    Chairman of Mail-Well. Mr. Stephens holds a B.S. 
    and M.S. degrees from the University of Arkansas. 

Interested Trustees     

*Robert L. Reynolds (Born  President and Chief  Director of several not-for-profit boards, including 
1952), Trustee since 2008  Executive Officer of  West Virginia University Foundation, the Concord 
  Putnam Investments.  Museum, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Lahey 
  Member of Putnam  Clinic, and the Initiative for a Competitive Inner 
  Investments’ Executive  City, in Boston. He is a member of the Chief 
  Board of Directors.  Executives Club of Boston, the National 
  Prior to joining Putnam  Innovation Initiative, and the Council on 
  Investments in 2008, Mr.  Competitiveness, and he is a former President of the 
  Reynolds was Vice  Commercial Club of Boston. Prior to 2008, he 
  Chairman and Chief  served as a Director of FMR Corporation, Fidelity 
  Operating Officer of  Investments Insurance Ltd., Fidelity Investments 
  Fidelity Investments  Canada Ltd., and Fidelity Management Trust 
  from 2000 to 2007.  Company and as a Trustee of the Fidelity Family of 
    Funds. Mr. Reynolds received a B.S. in 
    Administration & Finance from West Virginia 
    University. 

 

1 The address of each Trustee is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109. As of December 31, 2011, there were 108 Putnam Funds.

2 Each Trustee serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement at age 75, death or removal.

*Trustee who is an “interested person” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail Management. Mr. Reynolds is deemed an “interested person” by virtue of his positions as an officer of the fund, Putnam Management and/or Putnam Retail

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Management. Mr. Reynolds is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments, LLC and President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds.

Trustee Qualifications

Each of the fund’s Trustees, with the exception of Ms. Baumann, was most recently elected by shareholders of the fund during 2009, although most of the Trustees have served on the board for many years. Ms. Baumann was elected to the Board of Trustees by the Independent Trustees effective July 1, 2010. Dr. Kennan, who retired from the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds on June 30, 2010, was re-appointed to the Board of Trustees by the Independent Trustees effective January 1, 2012. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee is responsible for recommending proposed nominees for election to the full Board of Trustees for its approval. As part of its deliberative process, the Committee considers the experience, qualifications, attributes and skills that it determines would benefit the Putnam funds at the time.

In recommending the election of the current board members as Trustees, the Committee generally considered the educational, business and professional experience of each Trustee in determining his or her qualifications to serve as a Trustee of the fund, including the Trustee's record of service as a director or trustee of public and private organizations. (This included, but was not limited to, consideration of the specific experience noted in the preceding table.) In the case of most members of the board, the Committee considered his or her previous service as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Putnam funds, which demonstrated a high level of diligence and commitment to the interests of fund shareholders and an ability to work effectively and collegially with other members of the board.

The Committee also considered, among other factors, the particular attributes described below with respect to the various individual Trustees and considered the attributes as indicative of the person’s ability to deal effectively with the types of financial, regulatory, and/or investment matters that typically arise in the course of a Trustee’s work:

Ravi Akhoury -- Mr. Akhoury's experience as chairman and chief executive officer of a major investment management organization.

Barbara M. Baumann -- Ms. Baumann’s experience in the energy industry as a consultant, an investor, and in both financial and operational management positions at a global energy company, and her service as a director of two NYSE companies.

Jameson A. Baxter -- Ms. Baxter's experience in corporate finance acquired in the course of her career at a major investment bank, her experience as a director and audit committee chair of two NYSE companies and her role as Chairman of the Mutual Fund Directors Forum.

Charles B. Curtis -- Mr. Curtis' experience in public and regulatory policy matters relating to energy and finance acquired in the course of his service in various senior positions in government and on numerous boards of public and private organizations.

Robert J. Darretta -- Mr. Darretta's experience as the Chief Financial Officer and Vice Chairman of the Board of a major NYSE health products company.

John A. Hill -- Mr. Hill's experience as founder and chairman of a major open-end mutual fund and as a founder and lead managing partner of one of the largest private equity firms in the U.S.

Paul L. Joskow -- Dr. Joskow's education and experience as a professional economist familiar with financial economics and related issues and his service on multiple for-profit boards.

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Elizabeth T. Kennan -- Dr. Kennan’s experience as a director of numerous public companies and her service for many years as President of Mount Holyoke College.

Kenneth R. Leibler -- Mr. Leibler's extensive experience in the financial services industry, including as CEO of a major asset management organization, and his service as a director of various public and private companies.

Robert E. Patterson -- Mr. Patterson’s training and experience as an attorney and his experience as president of a NYSE company.

George Putnam, III -- Mr. Putnam’s training and experience as an attorney, his experience as the founder and chief executive officer of an investment management firm and his experience as an author of various publications on the subject of investments.

W. Thomas Stephens -- Mr. Stephens' extensive business experience, including his service as Chief Executive Officer of four public companies, as non-executive chairman of two public companies and as a director of numerous other public companies.

Interested Trustee

Robert L. Reynolds -- Mr. Reynolds’ extensive experience as a senior executive of one of the largest mutual fund organizations in the U.S. and his current role as the Chief Executive Officer of Putnam Investments.

Officers

In addition to Robert L. Reynolds, the fund’s President, the other officers of the fund are shown below. All of the officers of your fund are employees of Putnam Management or its affiliates or are members of the Trustees’ independent administrative staff.

Name, Address1 , Year of Birth,  Length of Service with  Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years and 
Position(s) Held with Fund  the Putnam Funds2  Position(s) with Fund’s Investment Adviser and 
    Distributor3 

Jonathan S. Horwitz4 (Born 1955)  Since 2004  Executive Vice President, Principal Executive 
Executive Vice President, Principal    Officer, Treasurer and Compliance Liaison 
Executive Officer, Treasurer and     
Compliance Liaison     

Steven D. Krichmar (Born 1958)  Since 2002  Chief of Operations, Putnam Investments and 
Vice President and Principal    Putnam Management. 
Financial Officer     

Janet C. Smith (Born 1965)  Since 2007  Director of Fund Administration Services, Putnam 
Vice President, Assistant Treasurer    Investments and Putnam Management. 
and Principal Accounting Officer     

Robert R. Leveille (Born 1969)  Since 2007  Chief Compliance Officer, Putnam Investments, 
Vice President and Chief Compliance    Putnam Management and Putnam Retail 
Officer    Management 

Mark C. Trenchard (Born 1962)  Since 2002  Director of Operational Compliance, Putnam 
Vice President and BSA Compliance    Investments, Putnam Retail Management 
Officer     

Robert T. Burns (Born 1961)  Since 2011  General Counsel, Putnam Investments and Putnam 
Vice President and Chief Legal    Management. 
Officer     

 

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Name, Address1 , Year of Birth,  Length of Service with  Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years and 
Position(s) Held with Fund  the Putnam Funds2  Position(s) with Fund’s Investment Adviser and 
    Distributor3 

James P. Pappas (Born 1953) Vice  Since 2004  Director of Trustee Relations, Putnam Investments 
President    and Putnam Management. 

Judith Cohen4 (Born 1945)  Since 1993  Vice President, Clerk and Assistant Treasurer, The 
Vice President, Clerk and Assistant    Putnam Funds. 
Treasurer     

Michael Higgins4 (Born 1976)  Since 2010  Manager of Finance, Dunkin’ Brands (2008-2010); 
Vice President, Senior Associate    Senior Financial Analyst, Old Mutual Asset 
Treasurer and Assistant Clerk    Management (2007-2008); Senior Financial Analyst, 
    Putnam Investments (1999-2007). 

Nancy E. Florek4 (Born 1957)  Since 2000  Vice President, Assistant Clerk, Assistant Treasurer 
Vice President, Assistant Clerk,    and Proxy Manager, The Putnam Funds. 
Assistant Treasurer and Proxy     
Manager     

Susan G. Malloy (Born 1957)  Since 2007  Director of Accounting and Control Services, 
Vice President and Assistant    Putnam Management. 
Treasurer     

 

1The address of each Officer is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109.

2Each officer serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement, death or removal.

3Prior positions and/or officer appointments with the fund or the fund’s investment adviser and distributor have been omitted.

4Officers of the fund indicated are members of the Trustees’ independent administrative staff. Compensation for these individuals is fixed by the Trustees and reimbursed to Putnam Management by the funds.

Except as stated above, the principal occupations of the officers and Trustees for the last five years have been with the employers as shown above, although in some cases they have held different positions with such employers.

Leadership Structure and Standing Committees of the Board of Trustees

For details regarding the number of times the standing committees of the Board of Trustees met during a fund's last fiscal year, see "Trustee responsibilities and fees" in Part I of this SAI.

Board Leadership Structure. Currently, 12 of the 13 Trustees of your fund are Independent Trustees, meaning that they are not considered "interested persons" of your fund or its investment manager. These Independent Trustees must vote separately to approve all financial arrangements and other agreements with your fund’s investment manager and other affiliated parties. The role of the Independent Trustees has been characterized as that of a “watchdog” charged with oversight to protect shareholders’ interests against overreaching and abuse by those who are in a position to control or influence a fund. Your fund’s Independent Trustees meet regularly as a group in executive session. An Independent Trustee currently serves as chair of the Board.

Taking into account the number, the diversity and the complexity of the funds overseen by the Board and the aggregate amount of assets under management, your fund’s Trustees have determined that the efficient conduct of the Board's affairs makes it desirable to delegate responsibility for certain specific matters to committees of the Board. Certain committees (the Executive Committee, Distributions Committee, and Audit and Compliance Committee) are authorized to act for the Trustees as specified in their charters. The other committees review and evaluate matters specified in their charters and make recommendations to the Trustees as they deem appropriate. Each committee may utilize the resources of your fund’s independent staff, counsel and auditors as well as other experts. The committees meet as often as necessary, either in conjunction with regular meetings of the Trustees or otherwise. The membership and chair of each committee are appointed by

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the Trustees upon recommendation of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee. Each Committee is chaired by an Independent Trustee and, except as noted below, the membership and chairs of each committee consist exclusively of Independent Trustees. Dr. Kennan is not listed below as a member of any committees as she was recently re-appointed to the Board of Trustees and has not yet officially taken on her committee assignments as of the date of this SAI.

The Trustees have determined that this committee structure also allows the Board to focus more effectively on the oversight of risk as part of its broader oversight of the fund's affairs. While risk management is the primary responsibility of the fund's investment manager, the Trustees regularly receive reports regarding investment risks and compliance risks. The Board's committee structure allows separate committees to focus on different aspects of these risks and their potential impact on some or all of the funds and to discuss with the fund's investment manager how it monitors and controls such risks.

Audit and Compliance Committee. The Audit and Compliance Committee provides oversight on matters relating to the preparation of the funds’ financial statements, compliance matters, internal audit functions, and Codes of Ethics issues. This oversight is discharged by regularly meeting with management and the funds’ independent auditors and keeping current on industry developments. Duties of this Committee also include the review and evaluation of all matters and relationships pertaining to the funds’ independent auditors, including their independence. The members of the Committee include only Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the funds or Putnam Management. Each member of the Committee also is “independent,” as that term is interpreted for purposes of Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange. The Board of Trustees has adopted a written charter for the Committee, a current copy of which is available at Putnam.com/individual. The Committee currently consists of Messrs. Leibler (Chairperson), Curtis, Darretta and Hill, and Ms. Baumann.

Board Policy and Nominating Committee. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee reviews matters pertaining to the operations of the Board of Trustees and its Committees, the compensation of the Trustees and their staff, and the conduct of legal affairs for the funds. The Committee evaluates and recommends all candidates for election as Trustees and recommends the appointment of members and chairs of each board committee. The Committee will consider nominees for Trustee recommended by shareholders of a fund provided that such recommendations are submitted by the date disclosed in the fund’s proxy statement and otherwise comply with applicable securities laws, including Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act. The Committee also reviews policy matters affecting the operation of the Board and its independent staff. In addition, the Committee oversees the voting of proxies associated with portfolio investments of the funds with the goal of ensuring that these proxies are voted in the best interest of the funds’ shareholders. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee generally believes that the Board benefits from diversity of background, experience and views among its members, and considers this as a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy in this regard. The Committee is composed entirely of Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the funds or Putnam Management and currently consists of Messrs. Hill (Chairperson), Curtis, Patterson and Putnam, and Ms. Baxter.

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Brokerage Committee. The Brokerage Committee reviews the funds' policies regarding the execution of portfolio trades and Putnam Management's practices and procedures relating to the implementation of those policies. The Committee reviews periodic reports on the cost and quality of execution of portfolio transactions and the extent to which brokerage commissions have been used (i) by Putnam Management to obtain brokerage and research services generally useful to it in managing the portfolios of the funds and of its other clients, and (ii) by the funds to pay for certain fund expenses. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Drs. Joskow (Chairperson) and Kennan, Ms. Baxter, and Messrs. Akhoury, Patterson, Putnam and Stephens.

February 17, 2012  II-74 

 



Contract Committee. The Contract Committee reviews and evaluates at least annually all arrangements pertaining to (i) the engagement of Putnam Management and its affiliates to provide services to the funds, (ii) the expenditure of the funds' assets for distribution purposes pursuant to Distribution Plans of the funds, and (iii) the engagement of other persons to provide material services to the funds, including in particular those instances where the cost of services is shared between the funds and Putnam Management and its affiliates or where Putnam Management or its affiliates have a material interest. The Committee also reviews the proposed organization of new fund products, proposed structural changes to existing funds and matters relating to closed-end funds. The Committee reports and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Mr. Patterson (Chairperson), Ms. Baxter, Drs. Joskow and Kennan, and Messrs. Akhoury, Putnam and Stephens.

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Distributions Committee. The Distributions Committee oversees all dividends and distributions by the funds. The Committee makes recommendations to the Trustees of the funds regarding the amount and timing of distributions paid by the funds, and determines such matters when the Trustees are not in session. The Committee also oversees the policies and procedures pursuant to which Putnam Management prepares recommendations for distributions, and meets regularly with representatives of Putnam Management to review the implementation of these policies and procedures. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Ms. Baumann (Chairperson), and Messrs. Curtis, Darretta, Hill and Leibler.

Executive Committee. The functions of the Executive Committee are twofold. The first is to ensure that the funds’ business may be conducted at times when it is not feasible to convene a meeting of the Trustees or for the Trustees to act by written consent. The Committee may exercise any or all of the power and authority of the Trustees when the Trustees are not in session. The second is to establish annual and ongoing goals, objectives and priorities for the Board of Trustees and to ensure coordination of all efforts between the Trustees and Putnam Management on behalf of the shareholders of the funds. The Committee currently consists of Ms. Baxter (Chairperson), and Messrs. Hill, Patterson and Putnam.

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Investment Oversight Committees. The Investment Oversight Committees regularly meet with investment personnel of Putnam Management to review the investment performance and strategies of the funds in light of their stated investment objectives and policies. The Committees seek to identify any compliance issues that are unique to the applicable categories of funds and work with the appropriate Board committees to ensure that any such issues are properly addressed. Investment Oversight Committee A currently consists of Messrs. Akhoury (Chairperson), Darretta, Hill, Patterson and Reynolds, Dr. Kennan and Ms. Baxter. Investment Oversight Committee B currently consists of Messrs. Putnam (Chairperson), Curtis, Leibler and Stephens, Dr. Joskow, and Ms. Baumann.

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Pricing Committee. The Pricing Committee oversees the valuation of assets of the Putnam funds and reviews the funds’ policies and procedures for achieving accurate and timely pricing of fund shares. The Committee also oversees implementation of these policies, including fair value determinations of individual securities made by Putnam Management or other designated agents of the funds. The Committee also oversees compliance by money market funds with Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act and the correction of occasional pricing errors. The Committee also reviews matters related to the liquidity of portfolio holdings. The Committee reports to the Trustees and makes recommendations to the Trustees regarding these matters. The Committee currently consists of Messrs. Darretta (Chairperson), Curtis, Hill and Leibler, and Ms. Baumann.

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Indemnification of Trustees

The Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the fund provides that the fund will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with litigation in which they may be involved because of their offices with the fund, except if it is determined in the manner specified in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust that they have not acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that their actions were in the best interests of the fund or that such indemnification would relieve any officer or Trustee of any liability to the fund or its shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties. The fund, at its expense, provides liability insurance for the benefit of its Trustees and officers.

For details of Trustees’ fees paid by the fund and information concerning retirement guidelines for the Trustees, see “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI.

Putnam Management and its affiliates

Putnam Management is one of America’s oldest and largest money management firms. Putnam Management’s staff of experienced portfolio managers and research analysts selects securities and constantly supervises the fund’s portfolio. By pooling an investor’s money with that of other investors, a greater variety of securities can be purchased than would be the case individually; the resulting diversification helps reduce investment risk. Putnam Management has been managing mutual funds since 1937.

Putnam Management is a subsidiary of Putnam Investments, of which a majority is owned through a series of subsidiaries by Great-West Lifeco Inc., which is a financial services holding company with operations in Canada, the United States and Europe and is a member of the Power Financial Corporation group of companies. Power Financial Corporation, a global company with interests in the financial services industry, is a subsidiary of Power Corporation of Canada, a financial, industrial, and communications holding company, of which the Honorable Paul Desmarais, Sr., through a group of private holding companies which he controls, has voting control.

Trustees and officers of the fund who are also officers of Putnam Management or its affiliates or who are stockholders of Putnam Investments or its parent companies will benefit from the advisory fees, sales commissions, distribution fees and transfer agency fees paid or allowed by the fund.

The Management Contract

Under a Management Contract between the fund and Putnam Management, subject to such policies as the Trustees may determine, Putnam Management, at its expense, furnishes continuously an investment program for the fund and makes investment decisions on behalf of the fund. Subject to the control of the Trustees, Putnam Management also manages, supervises and conducts the other affairs and business of the fund, furnishes office space and equipment, provides bookkeeping and clerical services (including determination of the fund’s net asset value, but excluding shareholder accounting services) and places all orders for the purchase and sale of the fund’s portfolio securities. Putnam Management may place fund portfolio transactions with broker-dealers that furnish Putnam Management, without cost to it, certain research, statistical and quotation services of value to Putnam Management and its affiliates in advising the fund and other clients. In so doing, Putnam Management may cause the fund to pay greater brokerage commissions than it might otherwise pay.

For details of Putnam Management’s compensation under the Management Contract, see “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI. Putnam Management’s compensation under the Management Contract may be reduced in any year if the fund’s expenses exceed the limits on investment company expenses imposed by any statute or regulatory authority of any jurisdiction in which shares of the fund are qualified for offer or sale. The term “expenses” is defined in the statutes or regulations of such jurisdictions, and generally excludes

February 17, 2012  II-76 

 



brokerage commissions, taxes, interest, extraordinary expenses and, if the fund has a distribution plan, payments made under such plan.

Fund-specific expense limitation. Under the Management Contract, Putnam Management may reduce its compensation to the extent that the fund’s expenses exceed such lower expense limitation as Putnam Management may, by notice to the fund, declare to be effective. For the purpose of determining any such limitation on Putnam Management’s compensation, expenses of the fund shall not reflect the application of commissions or cash management credits that may reduce designated fund expenses. The terms of any such expense limitation specific to a particular fund are described in the prospectus and/or Part I of this SAI.

General expense limitation. Through at least June 30, 2012, Putnam Management will reimburse expenses or waive fees of the fund to the extent necessary to limit the cumulative expenses of the fund, exclusive of brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses, underlying fund fees and expenses and payments under the fund’s investor servicing contract, investment management contract and distribution plans, on a fiscal year-to-date basis, to an annual rate of 0.20% of the fund’s average net assets over such fiscal year-to-date period.

In addition to the fee paid to Putnam Management, the fund reimburses Putnam Management for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their assistants who provide certain administrative services for the fund and the other Putnam funds, each of which bears an allocated share of the foregoing costs. The aggregate amount of all such payments and reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees.

The amount of this reimbursement for the fund’s most recent fiscal year is included in “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI. Putnam Management pays all other salaries of officers of the fund. The fund pays all expenses not assumed by Putnam Management including, without limitation, auditing, legal, custodial, investor servicing and shareholder reporting expenses. The fund pays the cost of typesetting for its prospectuses and the cost of printing and mailing any prospectuses sent to its shareholders. Putnam Retail Management pays the cost of printing and distributing all other prospectuses.

The Management Contract provides that Putnam Management shall not be subject to any liability to the fund or to any shareholder of the fund for any act or omission in the course of or connected with rendering services to the fund in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties on the part of Putnam Management.

The Management Contract may be terminated without penalty by vote of the Trustees or the shareholders of the fund, or by Putnam Management, on 30 days’ written notice. It may be amended only by a vote of the shareholders of the fund. The Management Contract also terminates without payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment. The Management Contract provides that it will continue in effect only so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by vote of either the Trustees or the shareholders, and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. In each of the foregoing cases, the vote of the shareholders is the affirmative vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” as defined in the 1940 Act.

Putnam Management has entered into a Master Sub-Accounting Services Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company ("State Street"), under which Putnam Management has delegated to State Street responsibility for providing certain administrative, pricing, and bookkeeping services for the fund. Putnam Management pays State Street a fee, monthly, based on a combination of fixed annual charges and charges based on the fund's assets and the number and types of securities held by the fund, and reimburses State Street for certain out-of-pocket expenses.

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The Sub-Manager

If so disclosed in the fund’s prospectus, PIL, an affiliate of Putnam Management, has been retained as the sub-manager for a portion of the assets of the fund, as determined by Putnam Management from time to time, pursuant to a sub-management agreement between Putnam Management and PIL. Under the terms of the sub-management contract, PIL, at its own expense, furnishes continuously an investment program for that portion of each such fund that is allocated to PIL from time to time by Putnam Management and makes investment decisions on behalf of such portion of the fund, subject to the supervision of Putnam Management. Putnam Management may also, at its discretion, request PIL to provide assistance with purchasing and selling securities for the fund, including placement of orders with certain broker-dealers. PIL, at its expense, furnishes all necessary investment and management facilities, including salaries of personnel, required for it to execute its duties.

The sub-management contract provides that PIL shall not be subject to any liability to Putnam Management, the fund or any shareholder of the fund for any act or omission in the course of or connected with rendering services to the fund in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties on the part of PIL.

The sub-management contract may be terminated with respect to a fund without penalty by vote of the Trustees or the shareholders of the fund, or by PIL or Putnam Management, on 30 days’ written notice. The sub-management contract also terminates without payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment. Subject to applicable law, it may be amended by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. The sub-management contract provides that it will continue in effect only so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by vote of either the Trustees or the shareholders, and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. In each of the foregoing cases, the vote of the shareholders is the affirmative vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” as defined in the 1940 Act.

The Sub-Adviser

If so disclosed in the fund’s prospectus, The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (“PAC”), an affiliate of Putnam Management, has been retained as a sub-adviser for a portion of the assets of the fund, as determined from time to time by Putnam Management or, with respect to portions of a fund’s assets for which PIL acts as sub-manager as described above, PIL pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement among Putnam Management, PIL and PAC. Under certain terms of the sub-advisory contract, PAC, at its own expense, furnishes continuously an investment program for that portion of each such fund that is allocated to PAC from time to time by Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable and makes investment decisions on behalf of such portion of the fund, subject to the supervision of Putnam Management or PIL, as the case may be. Putnam Management or PIL, as the case may be, may also, at its discretion, request PAC to provide assistance with purchasing and selling securities for the fund, including placement of orders with certain broker-dealers.

PAC, at its expense, furnishes all necessary investment and management facilities, including salaries of personnel, required for it to execute its duties. The sub-advisory contract provides that PAC shall not be subject to any liability to Putnam Management, PIL, the fund or any shareholder of the fund for any act or omission in the course of or connected with rendering services to the fund in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties on the part of PAC.

The sub-advisory contract may be terminated with respect to a fund without penalty by vote of the Trustees or the shareholders of the fund, or by PAC, PIL or Putnam Management, on 30 days’ written notice. The sub-advisory contract also terminates without payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment. Subject to applicable law, it may be amended by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. The sub-advisory contract provides that it will continue in effect only so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by vote of either the Trustees or the shareholders, and, in either

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case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of Putnam Management or the fund. In each of the foregoing cases, the vote of the shareholders is the affirmative vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” as defined in the 1940 Act.

Portfolio Transactions

Potential conflicts of interest in managing multiple accounts. Like other investment professionals with multiple clients, the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s) may face certain potential conflicts of interest in connection with managing both the fund and the other accounts listed under “PORTFOLIO MANAGERS” “Other accounts managed” at the same time. The paragraphs below describe some of these potential conflicts, which Putnam Management believes are faced by investment professionals at most major financial firms. As described below, Putnam Management and the Trustees of the Putnam funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that attempt to address certain of these potential conflicts.

The management of accounts with different advisory fee rates and/or fee structures, including accounts that pay advisory fees based on account performance (“performance fee accounts”), may raise potential conflicts of interest by creating an incentive to favor higher-fee accounts. These potential conflicts may include, among others:

• The most attractive investments could be allocated to higher-fee accounts or performance fee accounts.

• The trading of higher-fee accounts could be favored as to timing and/or execution price. For example, higher-fee accounts could be permitted to sell securities earlier than other accounts when a prompt sale is desirable or to buy securities at an earlier and more opportune time.

• The trading of other accounts could be used to benefit higher-fee accounts (front- running).

• The investment management team could focus their time and efforts primarily on higher-fee accounts due to a personal stake in compensation.

Putnam Management attempts to address these potential conflicts of interest relating to higher-fee accounts through various compliance policies that are generally intended to place all accounts, regardless of fee structure, on the same footing for investment management purposes. For example, under Putnam Management’s policies:

• Performance fee accounts must be included in all standard trading and allocation procedures with all other accounts.

• All accounts must be allocated to a specific category of account and trade in parallel with allocations of similar accounts based on the procedures generally applicable to all accounts in those groups (e.g., based on relative risk budgets of accounts).

• All trading must be effected through Putnam’s trading desks and normal queues and procedures must be followed (i.e., no special treatment is permitted for performance fee accounts or higher-fee accounts based on account fee structure).

• Front running is strictly prohibited.

• The fund’s Portfolio Manager(s) may not be guaranteed or specifically allocated any portion of a performance fee.

As part of these policies, Putnam Management has also implemented trade oversight and review procedures in order to monitor whether particular accounts (including higher-fee accounts or performance fee accounts) are being favored over time.

Potential conflicts of interest may also arise when the Portfolio Manager(s) have personal investments in other accounts that may create an incentive to favor those accounts. As a general matter and subject to limited exceptions, Putnam Management’s investment professionals do not have the opportunity to invest in client accounts, other than the Putnam funds. However, in the ordinary course of business, Putnam Management or

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related persons may from time to time establish “pilot” or “incubator” funds for the purpose of testing proposed investment strategies and products prior to offering them to clients. These pilot accounts may be in the form of registered investment companies, private funds such as partnerships or separate accounts established by Putnam Management or an affiliate. Putnam Management or an affiliate supplies the funding for these accounts. Putnam employees, including the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s), may also invest in certain pilot accounts. Putnam Management, and to the extent applicable, the Portfolio Manager(s) will benefit from the favorable investment performance of those funds and accounts. Pilot funds and accounts may, and frequently do, invest in the same securities as the client accounts. Putnam Management’s policy is to treat pilot accounts in the same manner as client accounts for purposes of trading allocation – neither favoring nor disfavoring them except as is legally required. For example, pilot accounts are normally included in Putnam Management’s daily block trades to the same extent as client accounts (except that pilot accounts do not participate in initial public offerings).

A potential conflict of interest may arise when the fund and other accounts purchase or sell the same securities. On occasions when the Portfolio Manager(s) consider the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of the fund as well as other accounts, Putnam Management’s trading desk may, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased in order to obtain the best execution and lower brokerage commissions, if any. Aggregation of trades may create the potential for unfairness to the fund or another account if one account is favored over another in allocating the securities purchased or sold – for example, by allocating a disproportionate amount of a security that is likely to increase in value to a favored account. Putnam Management’s trade allocation policies generally provide that each day’s transactions in securities that are purchased or sold by multiple accounts are, insofar as possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such accounts (including the fund) in a manner which in Putnam Management’s opinion is equitable to each account and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each account. Certain exceptions exist for specialty, regional or sector accounts. Trade allocations are reviewed on a periodic basis as part of Putnam Management’s trade oversight procedures in an attempt to ensure fairness over time across accounts.

“Cross trades,” in which one Putnam account sells a particular security to another account (potentially saving transaction costs for both accounts), may also pose a potential conflict of interest. Cross trades may be seen to involve a potential conflict of interest if, for example, one account is permitted to sell a security to another account at a higher price than an independent third party would pay, or if such trades result in more attractive investments being allocated to higher-fee accounts. Putnam Management and the fund’s Trustees have adopted compliance procedures that provide that any transactions between the fund and another Putnam-advised account are to be made at an independent current market price, as required by law.

Another potential conflict of interest may arise based on the different investment objectives and strategies of the fund and other accounts. For example, another account may have a shorter-term investment horizon or different investment objectives, policies or restrictions than the fund. Depending on another account’s objectives or other factors, the Portfolio Manager(s) may give advice and make decisions that may differ from advice given, or the timing or nature of decisions made, with respect to the fund. In addition, investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular account involved. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain accounts even though it could have been bought or sold for other accounts at the same time. More rarely, a particular security may be bought for one or more accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager(s) when one or more other accounts are selling the security (including short sales). There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more accounts may have an adverse effect on other accounts. As noted above, Putnam Management has implemented trade oversight and review procedures to monitor whether any account is systematically favored over time.

The fund’s Portfolio Manager(s) may also face other potential conflicts of interest in managing the fund, and the description above is not a complete description of every conflict that could be deemed to exist in managing both the fund and other accounts. For information on restrictions imposed on personal securities transactions

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of the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s), please see “- Personal Investments by Employees of Putnam Management and Putnam Retail Management and Officers and Trustees of the Fund.”

For information about other funds and accounts managed by the fund’s Portfolio Manager(s), please refer to “Who oversees and manages the fund(s)?” in the prospectus and “PORTFOLIO MANAGERS” “Other accounts managed” in Part I of the SAI.

Brokerage and research services.

Transactions on stock exchanges, commodities markets and futures markets and other agency transactions involve the payment by the fund of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions may vary among different brokers. A particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as execution venue and exchange. Although the fund does not typically pay commissions for principal transactions in the over-the-counter markets, such as the markets for most fixed income securities and certain derivatives, an undisclosed amount of profit or “mark-up” is included in the price the fund pays. In underwritten offerings, the price paid by the fund includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. See "Charges and expenses" in Part I of this SAI for information concerning commissions paid by the fund.

It has for many years been a common practice in the investment advisory business for broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions for the clients of advisers of investment companies and other institutional investors to provide those advisers with brokerage and research services, as defined in Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act. Consistent with this practice, Putnam Management receives brokerage and research services from broker-dealers with which Putnam Management places the fund's portfolio transactions. The services that broker-dealers may provide to Putnam Management’s managers and analysts include, among others, brokerage and trading systems, economic analysis, investment research, industry and company reviews, statistical information, market data, evaluations of investments, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of investments and performance measurement services. Some of these services are of value to Putnam Management and its affiliates in advising various of their clients (including the fund), although not all of these services are necessarily useful and of value in managing the fund. Research services provided by broker-dealers are supplemental to Putnam Management’s own research efforts and relieve Putnam Management of expenses it might otherwise have borne in generating such research. The management fee paid by the fund is not reduced because Putnam Management and its affiliates receive brokerage and research services even though Putnam Management might otherwise be required to purchase some of these services for cash. Putnam Management may also use portfolio transactions to generate “soft dollar” credits to pay for “mixed-use” services (i.e., products or services that may be used both for investment- and non-investment-related purposes), but in such instances Putnam Management uses its own resources to pay for that portion of the mixed-use product or service that in its good-faith judgment does not relate to investment or brokerage purposes. Putnam Management may also allocate trades to generate soft dollar credits for third-party investment research reports and related fundamental research.

Putnam Management places all orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio investments for the funds, and buys and sells investments for the funds, through a substantial number of brokers and dealers. In selecting broker-dealers to execute the funds’ portfolio transactions, Putnam Management uses its best efforts to obtain for each fund the most favorable price and execution reasonably available under the circumstances, except to the extent it may be permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions as described below. In seeking the most favorable price and execution and in considering the overall reasonableness of the brokerage commissions paid, Putnam Management, having in mind the fund's best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, in no particular order of importance, and by way of illustration, price, the size and type of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security or other investment, the amount of the commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial

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stability of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in other transactions.

Putnam Management may cause the fund to pay a broker-dealer that provides "brokerage and research services" (as defined in the Exchange Act and as described above) to Putnam Management an amount of disclosed commission for effecting securities transactions on stock exchanges and other transactions for the fund on an agency basis in excess of the commission another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction. Putnam Management may also instruct an executing broker to “step out” a portion of the trades placed with a broker to other brokers that provide brokerage and research services to Putnam Management. Putnam Management's authority to cause the fund to pay any such greater commissions or to instruct a broker to “step out” a portion of a trade is subject to the requirements of applicable law and such policies as the Trustees may adopt from time to time. It is the position of the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission that Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act does not apply to the payment of such greater commissions in "principal" transactions. Accordingly, Putnam Management will use its best effort to obtain the most favorable price and execution available with respect to such transactions, as described above.

The Trustees of the funds have directed Putnam, subject to seeking most favorable pricing and execution, to use its best efforts to allocate a portion of overall fund trades to trading programs which generate commission credits to pay fund expenses such as shareholder servicing and custody charges. The extent of any commission credits generated for this purpose may vary significantly from time to time and from fund to fund depending on, among other things, the nature of each fund's trading activities and market conditions.

The Management Contract provides that commissions, fees, brokerage or similar payments received by Putnam Management or an affiliate in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio investments of the fund, less any direct expenses approved by the Trustees, shall be recaptured by the fund through a reduction of the fee payable by the fund under the Management Contract. Putnam Management seeks to recapture for the fund soliciting dealer fees on the tender of the fund's portfolio securities in tender or exchange offers. Any such fees which may be recaptured are likely to be minor in amount.

Principal Underwriter

Putnam Retail Management, located at One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109, is the principal underwriter of shares of the fund and the other continuously offered Putnam funds. Putnam Retail Management is not obligated to sell any specific amount of shares of the fund and will purchase shares for resale only against orders for shares. See “Charges and expenses” in Part I of this SAI for information on sales charges and other payments received by Putnam Retail Management.

Personal Investments by Employees of Putnam Management and Putnam Retail Management and Officers and Trustees of the Fund

Employees of Putnam Management, PIL, PAC and Putnam Retail Management and officers and Trustees of the fund are subject to significant restrictions on engaging in personal securities transactions. These restrictions are set forth in the Codes of Ethics adopted by Putnam Management, PIL, PAC and Putnam Retail Management (the “Putnam Investments Code of Ethics”) and by the fund (the “Putnam Funds Code of Ethics”). The Putnam Investments Code of Ethics and the Putnam Funds Code of Ethics, in accordance with Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act, contain provisions and requirements designed to identify and address certain conflicts of interest between personal investment activities and the interests of the fund.

The Putnam Investments Code of Ethics does not prohibit personnel from investing in securities that may be purchased or held by the fund. However, the Putnam Investments Code of Ethics, consistent with standards recommended by the Investment Company Institute’s Advisory Group on Personal Investing and requirements established by Rule 17j-1 and rules adopted under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, among other things, prohibits personal securities investments without pre-clearance, imposes time periods during which personal transactions may not be made in certain securities by employees with access to investment information, and requires the timely submission of broker confirmations and quarterly reporting of personal securities

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transactions. Additional restrictions apply to portfolio managers, traders, research analysts and others involved in the investment advisory process.

The Putnam Funds Code of Ethics incorporates and applies the restrictions of the Putnam Investments Code of Ethics to officers and Trustees of the fund who are affiliated with Putnam Investments. The Putnam Funds Code of Ethics does not prohibit unaffiliated officers and Trustees from investing in securities that may be held by the fund; however, the Putnam Funds Code of Ethics regulates the personal securities transactions of unaffiliated Trustees of the fund, including limiting the time periods during which they may personally buy and sell certain securities and requiring them to submit reports of personal securities transactions under certain circumstances.

The fund’s Trustees, in compliance with Rule 17j-1, approved the Putnam Investments and the Putnam Funds Codes of Ethics and are required to approve any material changes to these Codes. The Trustees also provide continued oversight of personal investment policies and annually evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the Codes of Ethics.

Investor Servicing Agent

Putnam Investor Services, Inc., located at One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109, is the fund’s investor servicing agent (transfer, plan and dividend disbursing agent), for which it receives fees that are paid monthly by the fund as an expense of all its shareholders. The fee paid to Putnam Investor Services, subject to certain limitations, is based on a fund’s retail asset level, the number of shareholder accounts in the fund and the level of defined contribution plan assets in the fund. Through at least June 30, 2012, investor servicing fees for the fund will not exceed an annual rate of 0.375% of the fund’s average assets.

Financial intermediaries (including brokers, dealers, banks, bank trust departments, registered investment advisers, financial planners, and retirement plan administrators) may own shares of the fund for the benefit of their customers in an omnibus account (including retirement plans). In these circumstances, the financial intermediaries or other third parties, rather than Putnam Investor Services, may provide some or all of the sub-accounting and similar record keeping services for their customers’ accounts. In recognition of these services, Putnam Investor Services may make payments to these financial intermediaries or other third parties. Payments may be based on the number of shareholders in an omnibus account or the assets held in an account. Putnam Investor Services also makes payments to financial intermediaries that charge networking fees for certain services provided in connection with the maintenance of shareholder accounts.

Putnam Investor Services will pay its affiliate, FASCore, LLC up to 0.24% on the average value of the assets in Putnam-administered plans invested in the funds on an annual basis in consideration of sub-accounting, recordkeeping, retirement plan administration and other services being provided to participants in Putnam-administered retirement plans with respect to their investments in the funds. In addition to these payments, affiliates of Putnam Investor Services may make payments to FASCore, LLC and its affiliates of the types, and up to the amounts, described below under the headings “Distribution Plans" — “Additional Dealer Payments.”

Custodian

State Street Bank and Trust Company, located at 2 Avenue de Lafayette, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, is the fund’s custodian. State Street is responsible for safeguarding and controlling the fund’s cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, collecting interest and dividends on the fund’s investments, serving as the fund’s foreign custody manager, providing reports on foreign securities depositaries, making payments covering the expenses of the fund and performing other administrative duties. State Street does not determine the investment policies of the fund or decide which securities the fund will buy or sell. State Street has a lien on the fund’s assets to secure charges and advances made by it. The fund may from time to time enter into brokerage arrangements that reduce or recapture fund expenses, including custody expenses. The fund also has an offset arrangement that may reduce the fund’s custody fee based on the amount of cash maintained by its custodian.

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Counsel to the Fund and the Independent Trustees

Ropes & Gray LLP serves as counsel to the fund and the independent Trustees, and is located at Prudential Tower 800 Boylston Street, Boston Massachusetts 02199.

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

The fund determines the net asset value per share of each class of shares once each day the Exchange is open. Currently, the Exchange is closed Saturdays, Sundays and the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The fund determines net asset value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time. The net asset value per share of each class equals the total value of its assets, less its liabilities, divided by the number of its outstanding shares.

Assets of money market funds are valued at amortized cost pursuant to Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act. For other funds, securities and other assets (“Securities”) for which market quotations are readily available are valued at prices which, in the opinion of Putnam Management, most nearly represent the market values of such Securities. Currently, prices for these Securities are determined using the last reported sale price (or official closing price for Securities listed on certain markets) or, if no sales are reported (as in the case of some Securities traded over-the-counter), the last reported bid price, except that certain Securities are valued at the mean between the last reported bid and ask prices. Short-term investments having remaining maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value. All other Securities are valued by Putnam Management or other parties at their fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees.

Reliable market quotations are not considered to be readily available for, among other Securities, long-term corporate bonds and notes, certain preferred stocks, tax-exempt securities, and certain foreign securities. These investments are valued at fair value, generally on the basis of valuations furnished by approved pricing services, which determine valuations for normal, institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships between securities that are generally recognized by institutional traders. Other Securities, such as various types of options, are valued at fair value on the basis of valuations furnished by broker-dealers or other market intermediaries.

Putnam Management values all other Securities at fair value using its internal resources. The valuation procedures applied in any specific instance are likely to vary from case to case. However, consideration is generally given to the financial position of the issuer and other fundamental analytical data relating to the investment and to the nature of the restrictions on disposition of the Securities (including any registration expenses that might be borne by the fund in connection with such disposition). In addition, specific factors are also generally considered, such as the cost of the investment, the market value of any unrestricted Securities of the same class, the size of the holding, the prices of any recent transactions or offers with respect to such Securities and any available analysts’ reports regarding the issuer. In the case of Securities that are restricted as to resale, Putnam Management determines fair value based on the inherent worth of the Security without regard to the restrictive feature, adjusted for any diminution in value resulting from the restrictive feature.

Generally, trading in certain Securities (such as foreign securities) is substantially completed each day at various times before the close of the Exchange. The closing prices for these Securities in markets or on exchanges outside the U.S. that close before the close of the Exchange may not fully reflect events that occur after such close but before the close of the Exchange. As a result, the fund has adopted fair value pricing procedures, which, among other things, require the fund to fair value foreign equity securities if there has been a movement in the U.S. market that exceeds a specified threshold. Although the threshold may be revised from time to time and the number of days on which fair value prices will be used will vary, it is possible that fair value prices will be used by the fund to a significant extent. In addition, Securities held by some of the funds may be traded in foreign markets that are open for business on days that the fund is not, and the trading

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of such Securities on those days may have an impact on the value of a shareholder’s investment at a time when the shareholder cannot buy and sell shares of the fund. Currency exchange rates used in valuing Securities are normally determined as of 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.

In addition, because of the amount of time required to collect and process trading information as to large numbers of securities issues, the values of certain Securities (such as convertible bonds, U.S. government securities and tax-exempt securities) are determined based on market quotations collected before the close of the Exchange. Occasionally, events affecting the value of such Securities may occur between the time of the determination of value and the close of the Exchange, which, in the absence of fair value prices, would not be reflected in the computation of the fund’s net asset value. If events materially affecting the value of such Securities occur during such period, then these Securities will be valued by Putnam Management at their fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. It is expected that any such instance would be very rare.

The fair value of Securities is generally determined as the amount that the fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such Securities over a reasonable period of time. By its nature, a fair value price is a good faith estimate of the value of a Security at a given point in time and does not reflect an actual market price.

The fund may also value its Securities at fair value under other circumstances pursuant to procedures approved by the Trustees.

Money Market Funds

Money market funds generally value their portfolio securities at amortized cost according to Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act.

Since the net income of a money market fund is declared as a dividend each time it is determined, the net asset value per share of a money market fund typically remains at $1.00 per share immediately after such determination and dividend declaration. Any increase in the value of a shareholder’s investment in a money market fund representing the reinvestment of dividend income is reflected by an increase in the number of shares of that fund in the shareholder’s account on the last business day of each month. It is expected that a money market fund’s net income will normally be positive each time it is determined. However, if because of realized losses on sales of portfolio investments, a sudden rise in interest rates, or for any other reason the net income of a fund determined at any time is a negative amount, a money market fund may offset such amount allocable to each then shareholder’s account from dividends accrued during the month with respect to such account. If, at the time of payment of a dividend, such negative amount exceeds a shareholder’s accrued dividends, a money market fund may reduce the number of outstanding shares by treating the shareholder as having contributed to the capital of the fund that number of full and fractional shares which represent the amount of the excess. Each shareholder is deemed to have agreed to such contribution in these circumstances by his or her investment in a money market fund.

INVESTOR SERVICES

Shareholder Information

Each time shareholders buy or sell shares, a statement confirming the transaction and listing their current share balance will be made available for viewing electronically or delivered via mail. (Under certain investment plans, a statement may only be sent quarterly.) The fund also sends annual and semiannual reports that keep shareholders informed about its portfolio and performance, and year-end tax information to simplify their recordkeeping. To help shareholders take full advantage of their Putnam investment, publications covering many topics of interest to investors are available on our website or from Putnam Investor Services. Shareholders may call Putnam Investor Services toll-free weekdays at 1-800-225-1581 between 8:00 a.m. and

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8:00 p.m., Eastern-time, for more information, including account balances. Shareholders can also visit the Putnam website at http://www.putnam.com.

Your Investing Account

The following information provides more detail concerning the operation of a Putnam Investing Account. For further information or assistance, investors should consult Putnam Investor Services. Shareholders who purchase shares through a defined contribution plan should note that not all of the services or features described below may be available to them, and they should contact their employer for details.

A shareholder may reinvest a cash distribution without a front-end sales charge or without the reinvested shares being subject to a CDSC, as the case may be, by delivering to Putnam Investor Services the uncashed distribution check. Putnam Investor Services must receive the properly endorsed check within 1 year after the date of the check.

The Investing Account also provides a way to accumulate shares of the fund. In most cases, after an initial investment, a shareholder may send checks to Putnam Investor Services, made payable to the fund, to purchase additional shares at the applicable public offering price next determined after Putnam Investor Services receives the check. Checks must be drawn on a U.S. bank and must be payable in U.S. dollars.

Putnam Investor Services acts as the shareholder's agent whenever it receives instructions to carry out a transaction on the shareholder's account. Upon receipt of instructions that shares are to be purchased for a shareholder's account, shares will be purchased through the investment dealer designated by the shareholder. Shareholders may change investment dealers at any time by written notice to Putnam Investor Services, provided the new dealer has a sales agreement with Putnam Retail Management.

Shares credited to an account are transferable upon written instructions in good order to Putnam Investor Services and may be sold to the fund as described under "How do I sell or exchange fund shares?" in the prospectus. Putnam funds no longer issue share certificates. A shareholder may send to Putnam Investor Services any certificates which have been previously issued to enable more convenient maintenance of the account as a book-entry account.

Putnam Retail Management, at its expense, may provide certain additional reports and administrative material to qualifying institutional investors with fiduciary responsibilities to assist these investors in discharging their responsibilities. Institutions seeking further information about this service should contact Putnam Retail Management, which may modify or terminate this service at any time.

The fund pays Putnam Investor Services' fees for maintaining Investing Accounts.

Checkwriting Privilege. For those funds that allow shareholders, as disclosed in the prospectus, to redeem shares by check, Putnam is currently waiving the minimum per-check amount stated in the prospectus.

Reinstatement Privilege

An investor who has redeemed shares of the fund may reinvest within 90 days of such redemption the proceeds of such redemption in shares of the same class of the fund, or may reinvest within 90 days of such redemption the proceeds in shares of the same class of one of the other continuously offered Putnam funds (through the exchange privilege described in the prospectus), including, in the case of shares subject to a CDSC, the amount of CDSC charged on the redemption. Any such reinvestment would be at the net asset value of the shares of the fund(s) the investor selects, next determined after Putnam Retail Management receives a Reinstatement Authorization. The time that the previous investment was held will be included in determining any applicable CDSC due upon redemptions and, in the case of class B shares, the eight-year period for conversion to class A shares. Reinstatements into class B, class C or class M shares may be permitted even if the resulting purchase

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would otherwise be rejected for causing a shareholder’s investments in such class to exceed the applicable investment maximum. Shareholders will receive from Putnam Retail Management the amount of any CDSC paid at the time of redemption as part of the reinstated investment, which may be treated as capital gains to the shareholder for tax purposes.

Exercise of the Reinstatement Privilege does not alter the federal income tax treatment of any capital gains realized on a sale of fund shares, but to the extent that any shares are sold at a loss and the proceeds are reinvested in shares of the fund, some or all of the loss may be disallowed as a deduction. Consult your tax adviser. Investors who desire to exercise the Reinstatement Privilege should contact their investment dealer or Putnam Investor Services.

Exchange Privilege

Except as otherwise set forth in this section, by calling Putnam Investor Services, investors may exchange shares valued in the aggregate up to $500,000 between accounts with identical registrations, provided that no certificates are outstanding for such shares. During periods of unusual market changes and shareholder activity, shareholders may experience delays in contacting Putnam Investor Services by telephone to exercise the telephone exchange privilege.

Putnam Investor Services also makes exchanges promptly after receiving a properly completed Exchange Authorization Form and, if issued, share certificates. If the shareholder is a corporation, partnership, agent, or surviving joint owner, Putnam Investor Services will require additional documentation of a customary nature. Because an exchange of shares involves the redemption of fund shares and reinvestment of the proceeds in shares of another Putnam fund, completion of an exchange may be delayed under unusual circumstances if the fund were to suspend redemptions or postpone payment for the fund shares being exchanged, in accordance with federal securities laws. Exchange Authorization Forms and prospectuses of the other Putnam funds are available from Putnam Retail Management or investment dealers having sales contracts with Putnam Retail Management. The prospectus of each fund describes its investment objective(s) and policies, and shareholders should obtain a prospectus and consider these objectives and policies carefully before requesting an exchange. Shares of certain Putnam funds are not available to residents of all states. The fund reserves the right to change or suspend the exchange privilege at any time. Shareholders would be notified of any change or suspension. Additional information is available from Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581. Shareholders of other Putnam funds may also exchange their shares at net asset value for shares of the fund, as set forth in the current prospectus of each fund. Exchanges from Putnam Money Market Fund, Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund or Putnam Short Duration Income Fund into another Putnam fund may be subject to an initial sales charge.

For federal income tax purposes, an exchange is a sale on which the investor generally will realize a capital gain or loss depending on whether the net asset value at the time of the exchange is more or less than the investor's basis.

All exchanges are subject to applicable short-term trading fees and Putnam’s policies on excessive short-term trading, as set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus. In addition, trustees, sponsors and administrators of qualified plans that invest in the Fund may impose short-term trading fees whose terms may differ from those described in the Prospectus.

Same-Fund Exchange Privilege. Class A shareholders who are eligible to invest in Class Y shares, and Class C shareholders who are eligible to invest in Class Y shares and who are no longer subject to a CDSC, are eligible to exchange their Class A or Class C shares for Class Y shares of the same fund, if offered in their state. No sales charges or other charges will apply to any such exchange.

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In addition, Class Y shareholders who are eligible to invest in Class A or Class C shares are eligible to exchange their Class Y shares for Class A or Class C shares of the same fund, if offered in their state, if the Class Y shares are held in an investment option or program that no longer permits the use of Class Y shares in that option or program or if the shareholder otherwise becomes ineligible to invest in Class Y shares. You should be aware that the financial institution or intermediary through which you hold Class Y shares may have the authority under its account or similar agreement with you to exchange your Class Y shares for Class A or Class C shares under these circumstances, and none of the Putnam Funds, Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services are responsible for any actions taken by your financial institution or intermediary in this regard. No sales charges or other charges will apply to any such exchange.

For federal income tax purposes, a same-fund exchange is not expected to result in the realization by the investor of a capital gain or loss.

The same-fund exchange privilege may not be available for all accounts and may not be offered by all financial institutions or intermediaries through which you hold your shares. To exchange shares under the same-fund exchange privilege, please contact your investment dealer or Putnam Investor Services.

Dividends PLUS

Shareholders may invest the fund's distributions of net investment income or distributions combining net investment income and short-term capital gains in shares of the same class of another continuously offered Putnam fund (the "receiving fund") using the net asset value per share of the receiving fund determined on the date the fund's distribution is payable. No sales charge or CDSC will apply to the purchased shares. The prospectus of each fund describes its investment objective(s) and policies, and shareholders should obtain a prospectus and consider these objective(s) and policies carefully before investing their distributions in the receiving fund. Shares of certain Putnam funds are not available to residents of all states.

Shareholders of other Putnam funds may also use their distributions to purchase shares of the fund at net asset value.

For federal tax purposes, distributions from the fund which are reinvested in another fund are treated as paid by the fund to the shareholder and invested by the shareholder in the receiving fund and thus, to the extent composed of taxable income and deemed paid to a taxable shareholder, are taxable.

The Dividends PLUS program may be revised or terminated at any time.

Plans Available to Shareholders

The plans described below are fully voluntary and may be terminated at any time without the imposition by the fund or Putnam Investor Services of any penalty. All plans provide for automatic reinvestment of all distributions in additional shares of the fund at net asset value. The fund, Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services may modify or cease offering these plans at any time.

Systematic Withdrawal Plan ("SWP"). An investor who owns or buys shares of the fund valued at $5,000 or more at the current public offering price may open a SWP plan and have a designated sum of money ($50 or more) paid monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually to the investor or another person. (Payments from the fund can be combined with payments from other Putnam funds into a single check through a designated payment plan.) Shares are deposited in a plan account, and all distributions are reinvested in additional shares of the fund at net asset value (except where the plan is utilized in connection with a charitable remainder trust). Shares in a plan account are then redeemed at net asset value to make each withdrawal payment. Payment will be made to any person the investor designates; however, if shares are registered in the name of a trustee or other fiduciary, payment will be made only to the fiduciary, except in the case of a profit-sharing or pension plan where payment will be made to a designee. As withdrawal payments may include a return of principal,

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they cannot be considered a guaranteed annuity or actual yield of income to the investor. The redemption of shares in connection with a plan generally will result in a gain or loss for tax purposes. Some or all of the losses realized upon redemption may be disallowed pursuant to the so-called wash sale rules if shares of the same fund from which shares were redeemed are purchased (including through the reinvestment of fund distributions) within a period beginning 30 days before, and ending 30 days after, such redemption. In such a case, the basis of the replacement shares will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss. Continued withdrawals in excess of income will reduce and possibly exhaust invested principal, especially in the event of a market decline. The cost of administering these plans for the benefit of those shareholders participating in them is borne by the fund as an expense of all shareholders. The fund, Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services may terminate or change the terms of the plan at any time. A plan will be terminated if communications mailed to the shareholder are returned as undeliverable.

Investors should consider carefully with their own financial advisers whether the plan and the specified amounts to be withdrawn are appropriate in their circumstances. The fund and Putnam Investor Services make no recommendations or representations in this regard.

Tax-favored plans. (Not offered by funds investing primarily in tax-exempt securities.) Investors may purchase shares of the fund through the following Tax Qualified Retirement Plans, available to qualified individuals or organizations:

Standard and variable profit-sharing (including 401(k)) and money purchase pension plans; and Individual Retirement Account Plans (IRAs), including simple IRAs, Roth IRAs, SEP IRAs; and Coverdell Education savings plans.

Forms and further information on these Plans are available from investment dealers or from Putnam Retail Management. In addition, specialized professional plan administration services are available on an optional basis; contact Putnam Investor Services at 1-866-207-7261.

Consultation with a competent financial and tax adviser regarding these Plans and consideration of the suitability of fund shares as an investment under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or otherwise, is recommended.

Automatic Rebalancing Arrangements. Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services may enter into arrangements with certain dealers which provide for automatic periodic rebalancing of shareholders’ accounts in Putnam funds. For more information about these arrangements, please contact Putnam Retail Management or Putnam Investor Services.

SIGNATURE GUARANTEES

Requests to redeem shares having a net asset value of $100,000 or more, or to transfer shares or make redemption proceeds payable to anyone other than the registered account owners, must be signed by all registered owners or their legal representatives and must be guaranteed by a bank, broker/dealer, municipal securities dealer or broker, credit union, national securities exchange, registered securities association, clearing agency, savings association or trust company, provided such institution is authorized and acceptable under and conforms with Putnam Investor Services’ signature guarantee procedures. A copy of such procedures is available upon request. In certain situations, for example, if you want your redemption proceeds sent to an address other than your address as it appears on Putnam’s records, you may also need to provide a signature guarantee. Putnam Investor Services usually requires additional documentation for the sale of shares by a corporation, partnership, agent or fiduciary, or a surviving joint owner. Contact Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581 for more information on Putnam’s signature guarantee and documentation requirements.

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REDEMPTIONS

Suspension of redemptions. The fund may not suspend shareholders’ right of redemption, or postpone payment for more than seven days, unless the Exchange is closed for other than customary weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the rules of the SEC during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted or during any emergency which makes it impracticable for the fund to dispose of its securities or to determine fairly the value of its net assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the Commission for protection of investors.

In-kind redemptions. With the consent of a redeeming shareholder (or, with respect to certain funds as indicated in the prospectus, in Putnam’s discretion), the fund will consider satisfying all or a portion of a redemption request by distributing securities or other property in lieu of cash (“in-kind” redemptions). Any transaction costs or other expenses involved in liquidating securities received in an in-kind redemption will be borne by the redeeming investor. For information regarding procedures for in-kind redemptions, please contact Putnam Retail Management.

SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY

Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of the fund. However, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the fund and requires that notice of such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation, or instrument entered into or executed by the fund or the Trustees. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of fund property for all loss and expense of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the fund. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the fund would be unable to meet its obligations. The likelihood of such circumstances appears to be remote.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO INFORMATION

The Trustees of the Putnam funds have adopted policies with respect to the disclosure of the fund’s portfolio holdings by the fund, Putnam Management, or their affiliates. These policies provide that information about the fund’s portfolio generally may not be released to any party prior to (i) the day after the posting of such information on the Putnam Investments Web site, (ii) the filing of the information with the SEC in a required filing, or (iii) the dissemination of such information to all shareholders simultaneously. Certain limited exceptions pursuant to the fund’s policies are described below. The Trustees will periodically receive reports from the fund’s Chief Compliance Officer regarding the operation of these policies and procedures, including any arrangements to make non-public disclosures of the fund’s portfolio information to third parties. Putnam Management and its affiliates are not permitted to receive compensation or other consideration in connection with disclosing information about the fund’s portfolio holdings to third parties.

Public Disclosures

The fund’s portfolio holdings are currently disclosed to the public through filings with the SEC and postings on the Putnam Investments website. The fund files its portfolio holdings with the SEC for each fiscal quarter on Form N-CSR (with respect to each annual period and semi-annual period) and Form N-Q (with respect to the first and third quarters of the fund’s fiscal year). In addition, money market funds file monthly reports of portfolio holdings on form N-MFP (with respect to the prior month). Shareholders may obtain the Form N-CSR, N-MFP and N-Q filings on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, Form N-CSR and N-Q filings may be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. Form N-CSR and N-Q filings are available upon filing and form N-MFP filings are available 60 days after each calendar month end. You may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information about the SEC’s website or the operation of the public reference room.

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For Putnam Money Market Fund and Putnam Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, the following information is publicly available on the Putnam Investments website, Putnam.com/individual, as disclosed in the following table. This information will remain available on the website for six months thereafter, after which the information can be found on the SEC’s website.

Information  Frequency of Disclosure  Date of Web Posting 

Full Portfolio Holdings  Monthly  5 business days after the end of 
    each month. 

<R>

For Putnam Short Duration Income Fund, Putnam Management makes the fund’s portfolio information publicly available on the Putnam Investments website, www.putnam.com/individual, as disclosed in the following table.

Information  Frequency of Disclosure  Date of Web Posting 

Full Portfolio Holdings  Monthly  On or after 5 business days after  
    the end of each month. 

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For all other funds, Putnam Management also currently makes the fund’s portfolio information publicly available on the Putnam Investments website, www.putnam.com/individual, as disclosed in the following table.

 

Information(1)  Frequency of Disclosure  Date of Web Posting 

Full Portfolio Holdings  Quarterly  Last business day of the month 
    following the end of each 
    calendar quarter 

Top 10 Portfolio Holdings and  Monthly  Approximately 15 days after the 
other portfolio statistics    end of each month 

 

(1) Putnam mutual funds that are not currently offered to the general public (“incubated” funds) do not post portfolio holdings on the Web, except to the extent required by applicable regulations. Full portfolio holdings for the Putnam RetirementReady® Funds and Putnam Global Sector Fund, which invest solely in other Putnam funds, are posted on www.putnam.com/individual approximately 15 days after the end of each month. Please see these funds’ prospectuses for their target allocations.

The scope of the information relating to the fund’s portfolio that is made available on the website may change from time to time without notice. In addition, the posting of fund holdings may be delayed in some instances for technical reasons.

Putnam Management or its affiliates may include fund portfolio information that has already been made public through a Web posting or SEC filing in marketing literature and other communications to shareholders, advisors or other parties, provided that, in the case of information made public through the Web, the information is disclosed no earlier than the day after the date of posting to the website.

Other Disclosures

In order to address potential conflicts between the interest of fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of Putnam Management, Putnam Retail Management or any affiliated person of those entities or of the fund, on the other hand, the fund’s policies require that non-public disclosures of information regarding the fund’s portfolio may be made only if there is a legitimate business purpose consistent with fiduciary duties to all shareholders of the fund. In addition, the party receiving the non-public information must sign a non-disclosure agreement unless otherwise approved by the Chief Compliance Officer of the fund. Arrangements to make non-public disclosures of the fund’s portfolio information must be approved by the Chief Compliance Officer of the fund. The Chief Compliance Officer will report on an ongoing basis to a committee of the fund’s Board of Trustees consisting only of Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the fund or Putnam Management regarding any such arrangement that the fund may enter into with third parties other than service providers to the fund.

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The fund periodically discloses its portfolio information on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information in order to assist the fund with its day-to-day business affairs. In addition to Putnam Management and its affiliates, including PFTC and PRM, these service providers include the fund’s custodian (State Street Bank and Trust Company) and any sub-custodians, pricing services, independent registered public accounting firm, legal counsel (Ropes & Gray LLP), financial printer (McMunn Associates, Inc.), and proxy voting service (Glass, Lewis & Co). These service providers are required to keep such information confidential, and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the fund.

The fund may also periodically provide non-public information about its portfolio holdings to rating and ranking organizations, such as Lipper Inc. and Morningstar Inc., in connection with those firms’ research on and classification of the fund and in order to gather information about how the fund’s attributes (such as volatility, turnover, and expenses) compare with those of peer funds. The fund may also periodically provide non-public information about its portfolio holdings to consultants that provide portfolio analysis services or other investment research. Any such rating, ranking, or consulting firm would be required to keep the fund’s portfolio information confidential and would be prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the fund.

PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES

The Trustees of the Putnam funds have established proxy voting guidelines and procedures that govern the voting of proxies for the securities held in the funds’ portfolios. The proxy voting guidelines summarize the funds’ positions on various issues of concern to investors, and provide direction to the proxy voting service used by the funds as to how fund portfolio securities should be voted on proposals dealing with particular issues. The proxy voting procedures explain the role of the Trustees, Putnam Management, the proxy voting service and the funds’ proxy manager in the proxy voting process, describe the procedures for referring matters involving investment considerations to the investment personnel of Putnam Management and describe the procedures for handling potential conflicts of interest. The Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures are included in this SAI as Appendix A. Information regarding how the funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30, 2011 is available on the Putnam Individual Investor website, www.putnam.com/individual, and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. If you have questions about finding forms on the SEC’s Web site, you may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain the Putnam funds’ proxy voting guidelines and procedures by calling Putnam’s Shareholder Services at 1-800-225-1581.

SECURITIES RATINGS

The ratings of securities in which the fund may invest will be measured at the time of purchase and, to the extent a security is assigned a different rating by one or more of the various rating agencies, Putnam Management may use the highest rating assigned by any agency. Putnam Management will not necessarily sell an investment if its rating is reduced. The following rating services describe rated securities as follows:

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.

Bonds

Aaa - Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edged.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

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Aa - Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities.

A - Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa - Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba - Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate, and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

B - Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa - Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

Ca - Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C - Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

Notes

MIG 1/VMIG 1 -- This designation denotes best quality. There is present strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG 2/VMIG 2 -- This designation denotes high quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

Commercial paper

Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by the following characteristics:

-- Leading market positions in well established industries.

-- High rates of return on funds employed.

-- Conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection.

-- Broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation.

-- Well established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

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Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

Standard & Poor’s

Bonds

AAA - An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

AA - An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only in small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

A - An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

BBB - An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

BB - An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B - An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligations. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CCC - An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CC - An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.

C - The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, or similar action has been taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued.

D - An obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless

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Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition, or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

Notes

SP-1 -- Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics are given a plus (+) designation.

SP-2 -- Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.

SP-3 -- Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

Commercial paper

A-1 - This highest category indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus sign (+) designation.

A-2 - Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated ‘A-1’.

A-3 - Issues carrying this designation have adequate capacity for timely payment. They are, however, more vulnerable to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.

Fitch Investors Service, Inc.

AAA - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.

AA - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated AAA.

A - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.

BBB - Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more likely to have adverse impact on these bonds, and therefore impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for bonds with higher ratings.

BB - Bonds considered to be speculative. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified which could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.

B - Bonds are considered highly speculative. Bonds in this class are lightly protected as to the obligor’s ability to pay interest over the life of the issue and repay principal when due.

CCC - Bonds have certain characteristics which, with passing of time, could lead to the possibility of default on either principal or interest payments.

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CC - Bonds are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or principal seems probable.

C - Bonds are in actual or imminent default in payment of interest or principal.

DDD - Bonds are in default and in arrears in interest and/or principal payments. Such bonds are extremely speculative and should be valued only on the basis of their value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor.

CLAIMS-PAYING ABILITY RATINGS

The fund may invest in securities insured at the time of purchase as to the payment of principal and interest in the event of default. The fund may buy investments insured by (or insurance from) insurance companies whose claims-paying ability is rated by rating agencies.

An insurance claims-paying ability rating does not constitute an opinion on any specific contract. Furthermore, an insurance claims-paying ability rating does not take in account deductibles, surrender or cancellation penalties or the timeliness of payment; nor does it address the ability of a company to meet non-policy obligations (i.e., debt contracts).

The assignment of ratings to debt issues that are fully or partially supported by insurance policies, contracts, or guarantees is a separate process from the determination of claims-paying ability ratings. The likelihood of a timely flow of funds from the insurer to the trustee for the bondholders is a key element in the rating determination of such debt issues.

Listed below are rating agencies and their corresponding claims-paying ability ratings.

Standard & Poor’s Insurance Claims-Paying Ability Ratings

An S&P insurance claims-paying ability rating is an assessment of an operating insurance company’s financial capacity to meet its obligations under an insurance policy in accordance with its terms. For example, an insurer with an insurance claims-paying ability rating of AAA by S&P has the highest rating assigned by S&P, which means its capacity to honor insurance contracts is deemed by S&P to be extremely strong and highly likely to remain so over a long period of time.

Secure claims-paying ability – AAA to BBB

Vulnerable claims-paying ability – BB to CCC

AAA - Superior financial security on an absolute and relative basis. Capacity to meet policyholder obligations is overwhelming under a variety of economic and underwriting conditions.

AA - Excellent financial security. Capacity to meet policyholder obligations is strong under a variety of economic and underwriting conditions.

A - Good financial security, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations is somewhat susceptible to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

BBB - Adequate financial security, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations is susceptible to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

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BB - Financial security may be adequate, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations, particularly with respect to long-term or "long-tail" policies, is vulnerable to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

B - Vulnerable financial security. Currently able to meet policyholder obligations, but capacity to meet policyholder obligations is particularly vulnerable to adverse economic and underwriting conditions.

CCC, CC, C - Extremely vulnerable financial security. Continued capacity to meet policyholder obligations is highly questionable unless favorable economic and underwriting conditions prevail.

R Regulatory action -- As of the date indicated, the insurer is under supervision of insurance regulators following rehabilitation, receivership, liquidation, or any other action that reflects regulatory concern about the insurer's financial condition. Information on this status is provided by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and other regulatory bodies. Although believed to be accurate, this information is not guaranteed. The 'R' rating does not apply to insurers subject only to non-financial actions such as market conduct violations.

Notes:

NR = Not Rated. The insurer is not rated by Standard & Poor's. The issue has not yet been evaluated by the respective credit rating agency. It is no indication as to the merits of the issue.

Plus (+) or minus (-): The ratings from 'AA' to 'B' may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. Insurance Claims-Paying Ability Ratings

A Moody’s insurance claims-paying ability rating is an opinion by Moody’s about the ability of an insurance company to repay punctually senior policyholder obligations and claims. For example, an insurer with an insurance claims-paying ability rating of Aaa by Moody’s is deemed by Moody’s to be of the best quality. In the opinion of Moody’s, the policy obligations of an insurance company with an insurance claims-paying ability rating of Aaa carries the smallest degree of credit risk and, while the financial strength of these companies is likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the company’s fundamentally strong position.

Moody’s claims-paying ability ratings are as follows:

Long-Term Insurance Financial Strength Ratings

Moody's rating symbols for Insurance Financial Strength Ratings are identical to those used to indicate the credit quality of long-term obligations. These rating gradations provide investors with a system for measuring an insurance company's ability to meet its senior policyholder claims and obligations.

Aaa - Insurance companies rated Aaa offer exceptional financial security. While the credit profile of these companies is likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair their fundamentally strong position.

Aa - Insurance companies rated Aa offer excellent financial security. Together with the Aaa group, they constitute what are generally known as high-grade companies. They are rated lower than Aaa companies because long-term risks appear somewhat larger.

A - Insurance companies rated A offer good financial security. However, elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa - Insurance companies rated Baa offer adequate financial security. However, certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time.

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Ba - Insurance companies rated Ba offer questionable financial security. Often the ability of these companies to meet policyholder obligations may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded in the future.

B - Insurance companies rated B offer poor financial security. Assurance of punctual payment of policyholder obligations over any long period of time is small.

Caa - Insurance companies rated Caa offer very poor financial security. They may be in default on their policyholder obligations or there may be present elements of danger with respect to punctual payment of policyholder obligations and claims.

Ca - Insurance companies rated Ca offer extremely poor financial security. Such companies are often in default on their policyholder obligations or have other marked shortcomings.

C - Insurance companies rated C are the lowest-rated class of insurance company and can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever offering financial security.

Note: Moody's appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. Numeric modifiers are used to refer to the ranking within a group with 1 being the highest and 3 being the lowest. However, the financial strength of companies within a generic rating symbol (Aa, for example) is broadly the same.

Fitch IBCA / International Insurance Claims-Paying Ability Ratings

Fitch IBCA credit ratings are an opinion on the ability of an entity or of a securities issue to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, or repayment of principal, on a timely basis. Fitch IBCA credit ratings apply to a variety of entities and issues, including but not limited to sovereigns, governments, structured financings, and corporations; debt, preferred/preference stock, bank loans, and counterparties; as well as the claims-paying ability of insurance companies and financial guarantors.

AAA - Exceptionally strong claims-paying ability. Insurers assigned this highest rating have an exceptionally strong capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The impact of any adverse business and economic factors on the claims-paying ability of these insurers is expected to be minimal.

AA - Very strong claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘AA’ have a very strong capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The impact of any adverse business and economic factors on the claims-paying ability of these insurers is expected to be very small.

A - Strong claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘A’ have a strong capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. Although adverse business and economic factors may have an impact on the claims-paying ability of these insurers, the effect of such factors is expected to be small.

BBB - Good claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘BBB’ have a good capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. However, their claims-paying ability may be more susceptible than that of higher rated insurers to the impact of adverse business and economic factors.

BB - Speculative claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘BB’ have a capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits which is regarded as speculative. The impact of adverse business and economic factors on their claims-paying ability is considered likely to be more problematic than in the case of higher rated insurers.

B - Vulnerable claims-paying ability. Insurers rated ‘B’ have a vulnerable capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The impact of adverse business and economic factors on their claims-paying ability is considered likely to be significant.

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CCC, CC, C - Highly vulnerable claims-paying ability. Insurance companies assigned one of these ratings are considered very weak with respect to their capacity to meet policyholder obligations and provide policyholder benefits. The insurer may be under the supervision of an insurance regulator and already may not be making all payments in a timely fashion.

D - Insurers which have been placed in liquidation by insurance regulators and for which policy or claims payments are being controlled, delayed, or reduced.

Notes:

"+" or "-" may be appended to a rating to indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating category. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ and ‘D’ categories.

IQ ratings - Fitch IBCA Qualified: Provided for issuers based solely on information in the public domain. These ratings include significant analytical input. Because of the reduced information presented in this process, compared with the full claims-paying ability rating approach, these ratings tend to be conservative and do not employ "+" or "-" qualifiers.

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Appendix A

Proxy voting guidelines of the Putnam funds 

 

The proxy voting guidelines below summarize the funds’ positions on various issues of concern to investors, and give a general indication of how fund portfolio securities will be voted on proposals dealing with particular issues. The funds’ proxy voting service is instructed to vote all proxies relating to fund portfolio securities in accordance with these guidelines, except as otherwise instructed by the Proxy Manager, a member of the Office of the Trustees who is appointed to assist in the coordination and voting of the funds’ proxies.

The proxy voting guidelines are just that – guidelines. The guidelines are not exhaustive and do not address all potential voting issues. Because the circumstances of individual companies are so varied, there may be instances when the funds do not vote in strict adherence to these guidelines. For example, the proxy voting service is expected to bring to the Proxy Manager’s attention proxy questions that are company-specific and of a non-routine nature and that, even if covered by the guidelines, may be more appropriately handled on a case-by-case basis.

Similarly, Putnam Management’s investment professionals, as part of their ongoing review and analysis of all fund portfolio holdings, are responsible for monitoring significant corporate developments, including proxy proposals submitted to shareholders, and notifying the Proxy Manager of circumstances where the interests of fund shareholders may warrant a vote contrary to these guidelines. In such instances, the investment professionals submit a written recommendation to the Proxy Manager and the person or persons designated by Putnam Management’s Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing referral items under the funds’ “Proxy Voting Procedures.” The Proxy Manager, in consultation with the funds’ Senior Vice President, Executive Vice President, and/or the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, as appropriate, will determine how the funds’ proxies will be voted. When indicated, the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee may consult with other members of the Committee or the full Board of Trustees.

The following guidelines are grouped according to the types of proposals generally presented to shareholders. Part I deals with proposals submitted by management and approved and recommended by a company’s board of directors. Part II deals with proposals submitted by shareholders. Part III addresses unique considerations pertaining to non-U.S. issuers.

The Trustees of the Putnam funds are committed to promoting strong corporate governance practices and encouraging corporate actions that enhance shareholder value through the judicious voting of the funds’ proxies. It is the funds’ policy to vote their proxies at all shareholder meetings where it is practicable to do so. In furtherance of this, the funds’ have requested that their securities lending agent recall each domestic issuer’s voting securities that are on loan, in advance of the record date for the issuer’s shareholder meetings, so that the funds may vote at the meetings.

The Putnam funds will disclose their proxy votes not later than August 31 of each year for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, in accordance with the timetable established by SEC rules.

I. BOARD-APPROVED PROPOSALS

The vast majority of matters presented to shareholders for a vote involve proposals made by a company itself (sometimes referred to as “management proposals”), which have been approved and recommended by its board of directors. In view of the enhanced corporate governance practices currently being implemented in public companies and of the funds’ intent to hold corporate boards accountable for their actions in promoting shareholder interests, the funds’ proxies generally will be voted for the decisions reached by majority independent boards of directors, except as otherwise indicated in these guidelines. Accordingly, the funds’ proxies will be voted for board-approved proposals, except as follows:

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Matters relating to the Board of Directors

Uncontested Election of Directors

The funds’ proxies will be voted for the election of a company’s nominees for the board of directors, except as follows:

The funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have a majority of independent directors,

the board has not established independent nominating, audit, and compensation committees,

the board has more than 19 members or fewer than five members, absent special circumstances,

the board has not acted to implement a policy requested in a shareholder proposal that received the support of a majority of the shares of the company cast at its previous two annual meetings, or

the board has adopted or renewed a shareholder rights plan (commonly referred to as a “poison pill”) without shareholder approval during the current or prior calendar year.

The funds will on a case-by-case basis withhold votes from the entire board of directors, or from particular directors as may be appropriate, if the board has approved compensation arrangements for one or more company executives that the funds determine are unreasonably excessive relative to the company’s performance or has otherwise failed to observe good corporate governance practices.

The funds will withhold votes from any nominee for director:

who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation within the last three years from the company other than for service as a director (e.g., investment banking, consulting, legal, or financial advisory fees),

who attends less than 75% of board and committee meetings without valid reasons for the absences (e.g., illness, personal emergency, etc.),

of a public company (Company A) who is employed as a senior executive of another company (Company B), if a director of Company B serves as a senior executive of Company A (commonly referred to as an “interlocking directorate”), or

who serves on more than five unaffiliated public company boards (for the purpose of this guideline, boards of affiliated registered investment companies will count as one board).

Commentary:

Board independence: Unless otherwise indicated, for the purposes of determining whether a board has a majority of independent directors and independent nominating, audit, and compensation committees, an “independent director” is a director who (1) meets all requirements to serve as an independent director of a company under the NYSE Corporate Governance Rules (e.g., no material business relationships with the company and no present or recent employment relationship with the company including employment of an immediate family member as an executive officer), and (2) has not within the last three years accepted directly or indirectly any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the company other than in his or her capacity as a member of the board of directors or any board committee. The funds’ Trustees believe that the recent (i.e., within the last three years) receipt of any amount of compensation for services other than service as a director raises significant independence issues.

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Board size: The funds’ Trustees believe that the size of the board of directors can have a direct impact on the ability of the board to govern effectively. Boards that have too many members can be unwieldy and ultimately inhibit their ability to oversee management performance. Boards that have too few members can stifle innovation and lead to excessive influence by management.

Time commitment: Being a director of a company requires a significant time commitment to adequately prepare for and attend the company’s board and committee meetings. Directors must be able to commit the time and attention necessary to perform their fiduciary duties in proper fashion, particularly in times of crisis. The funds’ Trustees are concerned about over-committed directors. In some cases, directors may serve on too many boards to make a meaningful contribution. This may be particularly true for senior executives of public companies (or other directors with substantially full-time employment) who serve on more than a few outside boards. The funds may withhold votes from such directors on a case-by-case basis where it appears that they may be unable to discharge their duties properly because of excessive commitments.

Interlocking directorships: The funds’ Trustees believe that interlocking directorships are inconsistent with the degree of independence required for outside directors of public companies.

Corporate governance practices: Board independence depends not only on its members’ individual relationships, but also on the board’s overall attitude toward management. Independent boards are committed to good corporate governance practices and, by providing objective independent judgment, enhancing shareholder value. The funds may withhold votes on a case-by-case basis from some or all directors who, through their lack of independence or otherwise, have failed to observe good corporate governance practices or, through specific corporate action, have demonstrated a disregard for the interests of shareholders. Such instances may include cases where a board of directors has approved compensation arrangements for one or more members of management that, in the judgment of the funds’ Trustees, are excessive by reasonable corporate standards relative to the company’s record of performance.

Contested Elections of Directors

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis in contested elections of directors.

Classified Boards

The funds will vote against proposals to classify a board, absent special circumstances indicating that shareholder interests would be better served by this structure.

Commentary: Under a typical classified board structure, the directors are divided into three classes, with each class serving a three-year term. The classified board structure results in directors serving staggered terms, with usually only a third of the directors up for re-election at any given annual meeting. The funds’ Trustees generally believe that it is appropriate for directors to stand for election each year, but recognize that, in special circumstances, shareholder interests may be better served under a classified board structure.

Other Board-Related Proposals

The funds will generally vote for proposals that have been approved by a majority independent board, and on a case-by-case basis on proposals that have been approved by a board that fails to meet the guidelines’ basic independence standards (i.e., majority of independent directors and independent nominating, audit, and compensation committees).

Executive Compensation

The funds generally favor compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long-term performance. The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals relating to executive compensation, except as follows:

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Except where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, the funds will vote for stock option and restricted stock plans that will result in an average annual dilution of 1.67% or less (based on the disclosed term of the plan and including all equity-based plans).

The funds will vote against stock option and restricted stock plans that will result in an average annual dilution of greater than 1.67% (based on the disclosed term of the plan and including all equity-based plans).

The funds will vote against any stock option or restricted stock plan where the company’s actual grants of stock options and restricted stock under all equity-based compensation plans during the prior three (3) fiscal years have resulted in an average annual dilution of greater than 1.67%.

The funds will vote against stock option plans that permit the replacing or repricing of underwater options (and against any proposal to authorize a replacement or repricing of underwater options).

The funds will vote against stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price.

Except where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, the funds will vote for an employee stock purchase plan that has the following features: (1) the shares purchased under the plan are acquired for no less than 85% of their market value; (2) the offering period under the plan is 27 months or less; and (3) dilution is 10% or less.

The funds will vote for proposals to approve a company’s executive compensation program (i.e., “say on pay” proposals in which the company’s board proposes that shareholders indicate their support for the company’s compensation philosophy, policies, and practices), except that the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis if the company is assigned to the lowest category, through independent third party benchmarking performed by the funds’ proxy voting service, for the correlation of the company’s executive compensation program with its performance.

The funds will vote for bonus plans under which payments are treated as performance-based compensation that is deductible under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, except that the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis if any of the following circumstances exist:

the award pool or amount per employee under the plan is unlimited, or

the plan’s performance criteria is undisclosed, or

the company is assigned to the lowest category, through independent third party benchmarking performed by the funds’ proxy voting service, for the correlation of the company’s executive compensation program with its performance.

Commentary: Companies should have compensation programs that are reasonable and that align shareholder and management interests over the longer term. Further, disclosure of compensation programs should provide absolute transparency to shareholders regarding the sources and amounts of, and the factors influencing, executive compensation. Appropriately designed equity-based compensation plans can be an effective way to align the interests of long-term shareholders with the interests of management. However, the funds may vote against these or other executive compensation proposals on a case-by-case basis where compensation is excessive by reasonable corporate standards, where a company fails to provide transparent disclosure of executive compensation, or, in some instances, where independent third-party benchmarking indicates that compensation is inadequately correlated with performance, relative to peer companies. (Examples of excessive executive compensation may include, but are not limited to, equity incentive plans that exceed the dilution criteria noted above, excessive perquisites, performance-based compensation programs that do not properly correlate reward and performance, “golden parachutes” or other severance arrangements that present conflicts between management’s interests and the interests of shareholders, and

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“golden coffins” or unearned death benefits.) In voting on a proposal relating to executive compensation, the funds will consider whether the proposal has been approved by an independent compensation committee of the board.

Capitalization

Many proxy proposals involve changes in a company’s capitalization, including the authorization of additional stock, the issuance of stock, the repurchase of outstanding stock, or the approval of a stock split. The management of a company’s capital structure involves a number of important issues, including cash flow, financing needs, and market conditions that are unique to the circumstances of the company. As a result, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals involving changes to a company’s capitalization, except that where the funds are not otherwise withholding votes from the entire board of directors:

The funds will vote for proposals relating to the authorization and issuance of additional common stock (except where such proposals relate to a specific transaction).

The funds will vote for proposals to effect stock splits (excluding reverse stock splits).

The funds will vote for proposals authorizing share repurchase programs.

Commentary: A company may decide to authorize additional shares of common stock for reasons relating to executive compensation or for routine business purposes. For the most part, these decisions are best left to the board of directors and senior management. The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis, however, on other proposals to change a company’s capitalization, including the authorization of common stock with special voting rights, the authorization or issuance of common stock in connection with a specific transaction (e.g., an acquisition, merger or reorganization), or the authorization or issuance of preferred stock. Actions such as these involve a number of considerations that may affect a shareholder’s investment and that warrant a case-by-case determination.

Acquisitions, Mergers, Reincorporations, Reorganizations and Other Transactions

Shareholders may be confronted with a number of different types of transactions, including acquisitions, mergers, reorganizations involving business combinations, liquidations, and the sale of all or substantially all of a company’s assets, which may require their consent. Voting on such proposals involves considerations unique to each transaction. As a result, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals to effect these types of transactions, except as follows:

The funds will vote for mergers and reorganizations involving business combinations designed solely to reincorporate a company in Delaware.

Commentary: A company may reincorporate into another state through a merger or reorganization by setting up a “shell” company in a different state and then merging the company into the new company. While reincorporation into states with extensive and established corporate laws – notably Delaware – provides companies and shareholders with a more well-defined legal framework, shareholders must carefully consider the reasons for a reincorporation into another jurisdiction, including especially an offshore jurisdiction.

Anti-Takeover Measures

Some proxy proposals involve efforts by management to make it more difficult for an outside party to take control of the company without the approval of the company’s board of directors. These include the adoption of a shareholder rights plan, requiring supermajority voting on particular issues, the adoption of fair price provisions, the issuance of blank check preferred stock, and the creation of a separate class of stock with disparate voting rights. Such proposals may adversely affect shareholder rights, lead to management entrenchment, or create conflicts of interest. As a result, the funds will vote against board-approved proposals to adopt such anti-takeover measures, except as follows:

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The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify or approve shareholder rights plans; and

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to adopt fair price provisions.

Commentary: The funds’ Trustees recognize that poison pills and fair price provisions may enhance or protect shareholder value under certain circumstances. For instance, where a company has incurred significant operating losses, a shareholder rights plan may be appropriately tailored to protect shareholder value by preserving a company’s net operating losses. Thus, the funds will consider proposals to approve such matters on a case-by-case basis.

Other Business Matters

Many proxies involve approval of routine business matters, such as changing a company’s name, ratifying the appointment of auditors, and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting. For the most part, these routine matters do not materially affect shareholder interests and are best left to the board of directors and senior management of the company. The funds will vote for board-approved proposals approving such matters, except as follows:

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to amend a company’s charter or bylaws (except for charter amendments necessary to effect stock splits, to change a company’s name or to authorize additional shares of common stock).

The funds will vote against authorization to transact other unidentified, substantive business at the meeting.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify the selection of independent auditors if there is evidence that the audit firm’s independence or the integrity of an audit is compromised.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on other business matters where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

Commentary: Charter and bylaw amendments and the transaction of other unidentified, substantive business at a shareholder meeting may directly affect shareholder rights and have a significant impact on shareholder value. As a result, the funds do not view these items as routine business matters. Putnam Management’s investment professionals and the funds’ proxy voting service may also bring to the Proxy Manager’s attention company-specific items that they believe to be non-routine and warranting special consideration. Under these circumstances, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis.

The fund’s proxy voting service may identify circumstances that call into question an audit firm’s independence or the integrity of an audit. These circumstances may include recent material restatements of financials, unusual audit fees, egregious contractual relationships, and aggressive accounting policies. The funds will consider proposals to ratify the selection of auditors in these circumstances on a case-by-case basis. In all other cases, given the existence of rules that enhance the independence of audit committees and auditors by, for example, prohibiting auditors from performing a range of non-audit services for audit clients, the funds will vote for the ratification of independent auditors.

II. SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

SEC regulations permit shareholders to submit proposals for inclusion in a company’s proxy statement. These proposals generally seek to change some aspect of the company’s corporate governance structure or to change some aspect of its business operations. The funds generally will vote in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on all shareholder proposals, except as follows:

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The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by someone other than the chief executive officer.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals asking that director nominees receive support from holders of a majority of votes cast or a majority of shares outstanding in order to be (re)elected.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals to declassify a board, absent special circumstances which would indicate that shareholder interests are better served by a classified board structure.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals to eliminate supermajority vote requirements in the company’s charter documents.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals requiring companies to make cash payments under management severance agreements only if both of the following conditions are met:

the company undergoes a change in control, and

the change in control results in the termination of employment for the person receiving the severance payment.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals requiring companies to accelerate vesting of equity awards under management severance agreements only if both of the following conditions are met:

the company undergoes a change in control, and

the change in control results in the termination of employment for the person receiving the severance payment.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals to limit a company’s ability to make excise tax gross-up payments under management severance agreements.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals requesting that the board adopt a policy to recoup, in the event of a significant restatement of financial results or significant extraordinary write-off, to the fullest extent practicable, for the benefit of the company, all performance-based bonuses or awards that were paid to senior executives based on the company having met or exceeded specific performance targets to the extent that the specific performance targets were not, in fact, met.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals calling for the company to obtain shareholder approval for any future golden coffins or unearned death benefits (payments or awards of unearned salary or bonus, accelerated vesting or the continuation of unvested equity awards, perquisites or other payments or awards in respect of an executive following his or her death), and for shareholder proposals calling for the company to cease providing golden coffins or unearned death benefits.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals requiring a company to report on its executive retirement benefits (e.g., deferred compensation, split-dollar life insurance, SERPs and pension benefits).

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals requiring a company to disclose its relationships with executive compensation consultants (e.g., whether the company, the board or the compensation committee retained the consultant, the types of services provided by the consultant over the past five years, and a list of the consultant’s clients on which any of the company’s executives serve as a director).

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The funds will vote for shareholder proposals that are consistent with the funds’ proxy voting guidelines for board-approved proposals.

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on other shareholder proposals where the funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors.

Commentary: In light of the substantial reforms in corporate governance that are currently underway, the funds’ Trustees believe that effective corporate reforms should be promoted by holding boards of directors – and in particular their independent directors – accountable for their actions, rather than by imposing additional legal restrictions on board governance through piecemeal proposals. Generally speaking, shareholder proposals relating to business operations are often motivated primarily by political or social concerns, rather than the interests of shareholders as investors in an economic enterprise. As stated above, the funds’ Trustees believe that boards of directors and management are responsible for ensuring that their businesses are operating in accordance with high legal and ethical standards and should be held accountable for resulting corporate behavior. Accordingly, the funds will generally support the recommendations of boards that meet the basic independence and governance standards established in these guidelines. Where boards fail to meet these standards, the funds will generally evaluate shareholder proposals on a case-by-case basis. The funds will also consider proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by someone other than the company’s chief executive officer on a case-by-case basis, recognizing that in some cases this separation may advance the company’s corporate governance while in other cases it may be less necessary to the sound governance of the company. The funds will take into account the level of independent leadership on a company’s board in evaluating these proposals.

However, the funds generally support shareholder proposals to implement majority voting for directors, observing that majority voting is an emerging standard intended to encourage directors to be attentive to shareholders’ interests. The funds also generally support shareholder proposals to declassify a board, to eliminate supermajority vote requirements, or to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans. The funds’ Trustees believe that these shareholder proposals further the goals of reducing management entrenchment and conflicts of interest, and aligning management’s interests with shareholders’ interests in evaluating proposed acquisitions of the company. The Trustees also believe that shareholder proposals to limit severance payments may further these goals in some instances. In general, the funds favor arrangements in which severance payments are made to an executive only when there is a change in control and the executive loses his or her job as a result. Arrangements in which an executive receives a payment upon a change of control even if the executive retains employment introduce potential conflicts of interest and may distract management focus from the long term success of the company.

In evaluating shareholder proposals that address severance payments, the funds distinguish between cash and equity payments. The funds generally do not favor cash payments to executives upon a change in control transaction if the executive retains employment. However, the funds recognize that accelerated vesting of equity incentives, even without termination of employment, may help to align management and shareholder interests in some instances, and will evaluate shareholder proposals addressing accelerated vesting of equity incentive payments on a case-by-case basis.

When severance payments exceed a certain amount based on the executive’s previous compensation, the payments may be subject to an excise tax. Some compensation arrangements provide for full excise tax gross-ups, which means that the company pays the executive sufficient additional amounts to cover the cost of the excise tax. The funds are concerned that the benefits of providing full excise tax gross-ups to executives may be outweighed by the cost to the company of the gross-up payments. Accordingly, the funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on shareholder proposals to curtail excise tax gross-up payments. The funds generally favor arrangements in which severance payments do not trigger an excise tax or in which the company’s obligations with respect to gross-up payments are limited in a reasonable manner.

The funds’ Trustees believe that performance-based compensation can be an effective tool for aligning management and shareholder interests. However, to fulfill its purpose, performance compensation should only be paid to executives if the performance targets are actually met. A significant restatement of financial results or a significant extraordinary write-off may reveal that executives who were previously paid performance compensation did not actually deliver the required business performance to earn that compensation. In these circumstances, it may be appropriate for the company to recoup this performance compensation. The funds will consider on a case-by-case

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basis shareholder proposals requesting that the board adopt a policy to recoup, in the event of a significant restatement of financial results or significant extraordinary write-off, performance-based bonuses or awards paid to senior executives based on the company having met or exceeded specific performance targets to the extent that the specific performance targets were not, in fact, met. The funds do not believe that such a policy should necessarily disadvantage a company in recruiting executives, as executives should understand that they are only entitled to performance compensation based on the actual performance they deliver.

The funds’ Trustees disfavor golden coffins or unearned death benefits, and the funds will generally support shareholder proposals to restrict or terminate these practices. The Trustees will also consider whether a company’s overall compensation arrangements, taking all of the pertinent circumstances into account, constitute excessive compensation or otherwise reflect poorly on the corporate governance practices of the company. As the Trustees evaluate these matters, they will be mindful of evolving practices and legislation relevant to executive compensation and corporate governance.

The funds’ Trustees also believe that shareholder proposals that are intended to increase transparency, particularly with respect to executive compensation, without establishing rigid restrictions upon a company’s ability to attract and motivate talented executives, are generally beneficial to sound corporate governance without imposing undue burdens. The funds will generally support shareholder proposals calling for reasonable disclosure.

III. VOTING SHARES OF NON-U.S. ISSUERS

Many of the Putnam funds invest on a global basis, and, as a result, they may hold, and have an opportunity to vote, shares in non-U.S. issuers – i.e., issuers that are incorporated under the laws of foreign jurisdictions and whose shares are not listed on a U.S. securities exchange or the NASDAQ stock market.

In many non-U.S. markets, shareholders who vote proxies of a non-U.S. issuer are not able to trade in that company’s stock on or around the shareholder meeting date. This practice is known as “share blocking.” In countries where share blocking is practiced, the funds will vote proxies only with direction from Putnam Management’s investment professionals.

In addition, some non-U.S. markets require that a company’s shares be re-registered out of the name of the local custodian or nominee into the name of the shareholder for the shareholder to be able to vote at the meeting. This practice is known as “share re-registration.” As a result, shareholders, including the funds, are not able to trade in that company’s stock until the shares are re-registered back in the name of the local custodian or nominee following the meeting. In countries where share re-registration is practiced, the funds will generally not vote proxies.

Protection for shareholders of non-U.S. issuers may vary significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Laws governing non-U.S. issuers may, in some cases, provide substantially less protection for shareholders than do U.S. laws. As a result, the guidelines applicable to U.S. issuers, which are premised on the existence of a sound corporate governance and disclosure framework, may not be appropriate under some circumstances for non-U.S. issuers. However, the funds will vote proxies of non-U.S. issuers in accordance with the guidelines applicable to U.S. issuers, except as follows:

Uncontested Board Elections

Germany

For companies subject to “co-determination,” the funds will vote on a case by- case basis for the election of nominees to the supervisory board.

The funds will withhold votes for the election of a former member of the company’s managerial board to chair of the supervisory board.

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Commentary: German corporate governance is characterized by a two-tier board system—a managerial board composed of the company’s executive officers, and a supervisory board. The supervisory board appoints the members of the managerial board. Shareholders elect members of the supervisory board, except that in the case of companies with more than 2,000 employees, company employees are allowed to elect half of the supervisory board members. This “co-determination” practice may increase the chances that the supervisory board of a large German company does not contain a majority of independent members. In this situation, under the Fund’s proxy voting guidelines applicable to U.S. issuers, the funds would vote against all nominees. However, in the case of companies subject to “co-determination,” the Funds will vote for supervisory board members on a case-by-case basis, so that the funds can support independent nominees.

Consistent with the funds’ belief that the interests of shareholders are best protected by boards with strong, independent leadership, the funds will withhold votes for the election of former chairs of the managerial board to chair of the supervisory board.

Japan

For companies that have established a U.S.-style corporate governance structure, the funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have a majority of outside directors,

the board has not established nominating and compensation committees composed of a majority of outside directors, or

the board has not established an audit committee composed of a majority of independent directors.

The funds will withhold votes for the appointment of members of a company’s board of statutory auditors if a majority of the members of the board of statutory auditors is not independent.

Commentary:

Board structure: Recent amendments to the Japanese Commercial Code give companies the option to adopt a U.S.-style corporate governance structure (i.e., a board of directors and audit, nominating, and compensation committees). The funds will vote for proposals to amend a company’s articles of incorporation to adopt the U.S.-style corporate structure.

Definition of outside director and independent director: Corporate governance principles in Japan focus on the distinction between outside directors and independent directors. Under these principles, an outside director is a director who is not and has never been a director, executive, or employee of the company or its parent company, subsidiaries or affiliates. An outside director is “independent” if that person can make decisions completely independent from the managers of the company, its parent, subsidiaries, or affiliates and does not have a material relationship with the company (i.e., major client, trading partner, or other business relationship; familial relationship with current director or executive; etc.). The guidelines have incorporated these definitions in applying the board independence standards above.

Korea

The funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have a majority of outside directors,

the board has not established a nominating committee composed of at least a majority of outside directors, or

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the board has not established an audit committee composed of at least three members and in which at least two-thirds of its members are outside directors.

Commentary: For purposes of these guidelines, an “outside director” is a director that is independent from the management or controlling shareholders of the company, and holds no interests that might impair performing his or her duties impartially from the company, management or controlling shareholder. In determining whether a director is an outside director, the funds will also apply the standards included in Article 415-2(2) of the Korean Commercial Code (i.e., no employment relationship with the company for a period of two years before serving on the committee, no director or employment relationship with the company’s largest shareholder, etc.) and may consider other business relationships that would affect the independence of an outside director.

Russia

The funds will vote on a case-by-case basis for the election of nominees to the board of directors.

Commentary: In Russia, director elections are typically handled through a cumulative voting process. Cumulative voting allows shareholders to cast all of their votes for a single nominee for the board of directors, or to allocate their votes among nominees in any other way. In contrast, in “regular” voting, shareholders may not give more than one vote per share to any single nominee. Cumulative voting can help to strengthen the ability of minority shareholders to elect a director.

In Russia, as in some other emerging markets, standards of corporate governance are usually behind those in developed markets. Rather than vote against the entire board of directors, as the funds generally would in the case of a company whose board fails to meet the funds’ standards for independence, the funds may, on a case by case basis, cast all of their votes for one or more independent director nominees. The funds believe that it is important to increase the number of independent directors on the boards of Russian companies to mitigate the risks associated with dominant shareholders.

United Kingdom

The funds will withhold votes from the entire board of directors if

the board does not have at least a majority of independent non-executive directors,

the board has not established a nomination committee composed of a majority of independent non-executive directors, or

the board has not established compensation and audit committees composed of (1) at least three directors (in the case of smaller companies, two directors) and (2) solely independent non-executive directors, provided that, to the extent permitted under the United Kingdom’s Combined Code on Corporate Governance, the company chairman may serve on (but not serve as chairman of) the compensation and audit committees if the chairman was considered independent upon his or her appointment as chairman.

The funds will withhold votes from any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation within the last three years from the company other than for service as a director, such as investment banking, consulting, legal, or financial advisory fees.

The funds will vote for proposals to amend a company’s articles of association to authorize boards to approve situations that might be interpreted to present potential conflicts of interest affecting a director.

Commentary:

Application of guidelines: Although the United Kingdom’s Combined Code on Corporate Governance (“Combined Code”) has adopted the “comply and explain” approach to corporate governance, the funds’ Trustees believe that the guidelines discussed above with respect to board independence standards are integral to the

February 17, 2012  II-110 

 



protection of investors in U.K. companies. As a result, these guidelines will generally be applied in a prescriptive manner.

Definition of independence: For the purposes of these guidelines, a non-executive director shall be considered independent if the director meets the independence standards in section A.3.1 of the Combined Code (i.e., no material business or employment relationships with the company, no remuneration from the company for non-board services, no close family ties with senior employees or directors of the company, etc.), except that the funds do not view service on the board for more than nine years as affecting a director’s independence. Company chairmen in the U.K. are generally considered affiliated upon appointment as chairman due to the nature of the position of chairman. Consistent with the Combined Code, a company chairman who was considered independent upon appointment as chairman: may serve as a member of, but not as the chairman of, the compensation (remuneration) committee; and, in the case of smaller companies, may serve as a member of, but not as the chairman of, the audit committee.

Smaller companies: A smaller company is one that is below the FTSE 350 throughout the year immediately prior to the reporting year.

Conflicts of interest: The Companies Act 2006 requires a director to avoid a situation in which he or she has, or can have, a direct or indirect interest that conflicts, or possibly may conflict, with the interests of the company. This broadly written requirement could be construed to prevent a director from becoming a trustee or director of another organization. Provided there are reasonable safeguards, such as the exclusion of the relevant director from deliberations, the funds believe that the board may approve this type of potential conflict of interest in its discretion.

All other jurisdictions

The funds will vote for supervisory board nominees when the supervisory board meets the funds’ independence standards, otherwise the funds will vote against supervisory board nominees.

Commentary: Companies in many jurisdictions operate under the oversight of supervisory boards. In the absence of jurisdiction-specific guidelines, the funds will generally hold supervisory boards to the same standards of independence as it applies to boards of directors in the United States.

Contested Board Elections

Italy

The funds will vote for the management- or board-sponsored slate of nominees if the board meets the funds’ independence standards, and against the management- or board-sponsored slate of nominees if the board does not meet the funds’ independence standards; the funds will not vote on shareholder-proposed slates of nominees.

Commentary: Contested elections in Italy may involve a variety of competing slates of nominees. In these circumstances, the funds will focus their analysis on the board- or management-sponsored slate.

Corporate Governance

The funds will vote for proposals to change the size of a board if the board meets the funds’ independence standards, and against proposals to change the size of a board if the board does not meet the funds’ independence standards.

February 17, 2012  II-111 

 



The funds will vote for shareholder proposals calling for a majority of a company’s directors to be independent of management.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals seeking to increase the independence of board nominating, audit, and compensation committees.

The funds will vote for shareholder proposals that implement corporate governance standards similar to those established under U.S. federal law and the listing requirements of U.S. stock exchanges and that do not otherwise violate the laws of the jurisdiction under which the company is incorporated.

Taiwan

The funds will vote against proposals to release directors from their non-competition obligations (their obligations not to engage in any business that is competitive with the company), unless the proposal is narrowly drafted to permit directors to engage in a business that is competitive with the company only on behalf of a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company.

Compensation

The funds will vote for proposals to approve annual directors’ fees, except that the funds will consider these proposals on a case-by-case basis in each case in which the funds’ proxy voting service has recommended a vote against such a proposal.

The funds will vote for non-binding proposals to approve remuneration reports, except that the funds will vote against proposals to approve remuneration reports that indicate that awards under a long-term incentive plan are not linked to performance targets.

Commentary: Since proposals relating to directors’ fees for non-U.S. issuers generally address relatively modest fees paid to non-executive directors, the funds generally support these proposals, provided that the fees are consistent with directors’ fees paid by the company’s peers and do not otherwise appear unwarranted. Consistent with the approach taken for U.S. issuers, the funds generally favor compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company’s long-term performance and will support non-binding remuneration reports unless such a correlation is not made.

Capitalization

The funds will vote for proposals

to issue additional common stock representing up to 20% of the company’s outstanding common stock, where shareholders do not have preemptive rights, or

to issue additional common stock representing up to 100% of the company’s outstanding common stock, where shareholders do have preemptive rights.

The funds will vote for proposals to authorize share repurchase programs that are recommended for approval by the funds’ proxy voting service; otherwise, the funds will vote against such proposals.

Australia

The funds will vote for proposals to carve out, from the general cap on non-pro rata share issues of 15% of total equity in a rolling 12-month period, a particular proposed issue of shares or a particular issue of shares made previously within the 12-month period, if the company’s board meets the funds’ independence

February 17, 2012  II-112 

 



standards; if the company’s board does not meet the funds’ independence standards, then the funds will vote against these proposals.

Hong Kong

The funds will vote for proposals to approve a general mandate permitting the company to engage in non-pro rata share issues of up to 20% of total equity in a year if the company’s board meets the funds’ independence standards; if the company’s board does not meet the funds’ independence standards, then the funds will vote against these proposals.

Commentary: In light of the prevalence of certain types of capitalization proposals in Australia and Hong Kong, the funds have adopted guidelines specific to those jurisdictions.

Other Business Matters

The funds will vote for proposals permitting companies to deliver reports and other materials electronically (e.g., via website posting).

The funds will vote for proposals permitting companies to issue regulatory reports in English.

The funds will vote against proposals to shorten shareholder meeting notice periods to fourteen days.

Commentary: Under Directive 2007/36/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, companies have the option to request shareholder approval to set the notice period for special meetings at 14 days provided that certain electronic voting and communication requirements are met. The funds believe that the 14 day notice period is too short to provide overseas shareholders with sufficient time to analyze proposals and to participate meaningfully at special meetings and, as a result, have determined to vote against such proposals.

Germany

The funds will vote in accordance with the recommendation of the company’s board of directors on shareholder countermotions added to a company’s meeting agenda, unless the countermotion is directly addressed by one of the funds’ other guidelines.

Commentary: In Germany, shareholders are able to add both proposals and countermotions to a meeting agenda. Countermotions, which must correspond to a proposal on the agenda, generally call for shareholders to oppose the existing proposal, although they may also propose separate voting decisions. Countermotions may be proposed by any shareholder and they are typically added throughout the period between the publication of the meeting agenda and the meeting date. This guideline reflects the funds’ intention to focus on the original proposal, which is expected to be presented a reasonable period of time before the shareholder meeting so that the funds will have an appropriate opportunity to evaluate it.

As adopted February 4, 2011

February 17, 2012  II-113 

 



Proxy voting procedures of the Putnam funds 

 

The proxy voting procedures below explain the role of the funds’ Trustees, the proxy voting service and the Proxy Manager, as well as how the process will work when a proxy question needs to be handled on a case-by-case basis, or when there may be a conflict of interest.

The role of the funds’ Trustees

The Trustees of the Putnam funds exercise control of the voting of proxies through their Board Policy and Nominating Committee, which is composed entirely of independent Trustees. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee oversees the proxy voting process and participates, as needed, in the resolution of issues that need to be handled on a case-by-case basis. The Committee annually reviews and recommends, for Trustee approval, guidelines governing the funds’ proxy votes, including how the funds vote on specific proposals and which matters are to be considered on a case-by-case basis. The Trustees are assisted in this process by their independent administrative staff (“Office of the Trustees”), independent legal counsel, and an independent proxy voting service. The Trustees also receive assistance from Putnam Investment Management, LLC (“Putnam Management”), the funds’ investment advisor, on matters involving investment judgments. In all cases, the ultimate decision on voting proxies rests with the Trustees, acting as fiduciaries on behalf of the shareholders of the funds.

The role of the proxy voting service

The funds have engaged an independent proxy voting service to assist in the voting of proxies. The proxy voting service is responsible for coordinating with the funds’ custodians to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the funds’ portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion. To the extent applicable, the proxy voting service votes all proxies in accordance with the proxy voting guidelines established by the Trustees. The proxy voting service will refer proxy questions to the Proxy Manager (described below) for instructions under circumstances where: (1) the application of the proxy voting guidelines is unclear; (2) a particular proxy question is not covered by the guidelines; or (3) the guidelines call for specific instructions on a case-by-case basis. The proxy voting service is also requested to call to the Proxy Manager’s attention specific proxy questions that, while governed by a guideline, appear to involve unusual or controversial issues. The funds also utilize research services relating to proxy questions provided by the proxy voting service and by other firms.

The role of the Proxy Manager

Each year, a member of the Office of the Trustees is appointed Proxy Manager to assist in the coordination and voting of the funds’ proxies. The Proxy Manager will deal directly with the proxy voting service and, in the case of proxy questions referred by the proxy voting service, will solicit voting recommendations and instructions from the Office of the Trustees, the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, and Putnam Management’s investment professionals, as appropriate. The Proxy Manager is responsible for ensuring that these questions and referrals are responded to in a timely fashion and for transmitting appropriate voting instructions to the proxy voting service.

Voting procedures for referral items

As discussed above, the proxy voting service will refer proxy questions to the Proxy Manager under certain circumstances. When the application of the proxy voting guidelines is unclear or a particular proxy question is not covered by the guidelines (and does not involve investment considerations), the Proxy Manager will assist in interpreting the guidelines and, as appropriate, consult with one or more senior staff members of the Office of the Trustees and the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee on how the funds’ shares will be voted.

February 17, 2012  II-114 

 



For proxy questions that require a case-by-case analysis pursuant to the guidelines or that are not covered by the guidelines but involve investment considerations, the Proxy Manager will refer such questions, through an electronic request form, to Putnam Management’s investment professionals for a voting recommendation. Such referrals will be made in cooperation with the person or persons designated by Putnam Management’s Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing such referral items. In connection with each such referral item, the Legal and Compliance Department will conduct a conflicts of interest review, as described below under “Conflicts of interest,” and provide electronically a conflicts of interest report (the “Conflicts Report”) to the Proxy Manager describing the results of such review. After receiving a referral item from the Proxy Manager, Putnam Management’s investment professionals will provide a recommendation electronically to the Proxy Manager and the person or persons designated by the Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing referral items. Such recommendation will set forth (1) how the proxies should be voted; (2) the basis and rationale for such recommendation; and (3) any contacts the investment professionals have had with respect to the referral item with non-investment personnel of Putnam Management or with outside parties (except for routine communications from proxy solicitors). The Proxy Manager will then review the investment professionals’ recommendation and the Conflicts Report with one or more senior staff members of the Office of the Trustees in determining how to vote the funds’ proxies. The Proxy Manager will maintain a record of all proxy questions that have been referred to Putnam Management’s investment professionals, the voting recommendation, and the Conflicts Report.

In some situations, the Proxy Manager and/or one or more senior staff members of the Office of the Trustees may determine that a particular proxy question raises policy issues requiring consultation with the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, who, in turn, may decide to bring the particular proxy question to the Committee or the full Board of Trustees for consideration.

Conflicts of interest

Occasions may arise where a person or organization involved in the proxy voting process may have a conflict of interest. A conflict of interest may exist, for example, if Putnam Management has a business relationship with (or is actively soliciting business from) either the company soliciting the proxy or a third party that has a material interest in the outcome of a proxy vote or that is actively lobbying for a particular outcome of a proxy vote. Any individual with knowledge of a personal conflict of interest (e.g., familial relationship with company management) relating to a particular referral item shall disclose that conflict to the Proxy Manager and the Legal and Compliance Department and otherwise remove himself or herself from the proxy voting process. The Legal and Compliance Department will review each item referred to Putnam Management’s investment professionals to determine if a conflict of interest exists and will provide the Proxy Manager with a Conflicts Report for each referral item that (1) describes any conflict of interest; (2) discusses the procedures used to address such conflict of interest; and (3) discloses any contacts from parties outside Putnam Management (other than routine communications from proxy solicitors) with respect to the referral item not otherwise reported in an investment professional’s recommendation. The Conflicts Report will also include written confirmation that any recommendation from an investment professional provided under circumstances where a conflict of interest exists was made solely on the investment merits and without regard to any other consideration.

As adopted March 11, 2005 and revised June 12, 2009.

February 17, 2012  II-115 

 



Appendix B

Financial statements (excerpted from the most recent annual report)

February 17, 2012  II-116 

 


 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Trustees of Putnam Funds Trust and Shareholders of
Putnam Global Sector Fund:

In our opinion, the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including the portfolio, and the related statements of operations and of changes in net assets and the financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Putnam Global Sector Fund (the “fund”) at October 31, 2011, and the results of its operations, the changes in its net assets and the financial highlights for each of the periods indicated, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements and financial highlights (hereafter referred to as “financial statements”) are the responsibility of the fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits, which included confirmation of investments owned at October 31, 2011 by correspondence with the transfer agent, provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
December 13, 2011

22


 

The fund’s portfolio 10/31/11

  Shares  Value 

Global Sector Funds 99.7%*     
 
Putnam Global Consumer Fund (Class Y)  33,256  $491,198 

Putnam Global Financials Fund (Class Y)  41,646  429,784 

Putnam Global Health Care Fund (Class Y)  5,103  230,028 

Putnam Global Industrials Fund (Class Y)  18,721  248,429 

Putnam Global Natural Resources Fund (Class Y)  20,835  423,779 

Putnam Global Technology Fund (Class Y)  18,813  292,353 

Putnam Global Telecommunications Fund (Class Y)  8,223  108,210 

Putnam Global Utilities Fund (Class Y)  9,612  98,715 

Total Global Sector Funds (cost $2,435,577)    $2,322,496 
 
Fixed Income Funds 0.3%*     
Putnam Money Market Fund (Class A)  6,290  $6,290 

Total Fixed Income Funds (cost $6,290)    $6,290 
 
Total Investments (cost $2,441,867)    $2,328,786 

 

Notes to the fund’s portfolio

Unless noted otherwise, the notes to the fund’s portfolio are for the close of the fund’s reporting period, which ran from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011 (the reporting period).

* Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $2,328,305.

Accounting Standards Codification ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820) establishes a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the fund’s investments. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices for identical securities in active markets.

Level 2 — Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a summary of the inputs used to value the fund’s net assets as of the close of the reporting period:

    Valuation inputs   

Investments in securities:  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 

Global sector funds  $2,322,496  $—  $— 

Fixed income funds  6,290     

Totals by level  $2,328,786  $—  $— 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

23


 

Statement of assets and liabilities 10/31/11

ASSETS   

Investment in affiliated underlying Putnam Funds, at value (Note 1):   
Affiliated underlying Putnam Funds (identified cost $2,441,867) (Note 6)  $2,328,786 

Cash  4 

Receivable for shares of the fund sold  174 

Receivable from Manager (Note 2)  29,194 

Total assets  2,358,158 
 
LIABILITIES   

Payable for investments purchased  174 

Payable for distribution fees (Note 2)  588 

Payable for reports to shareholders  8,737 

Payable for audit expense  19,710 

Other accrued expenses  644 

Total liabilities  29,853 
 
Net assets  $2,328,305 

 
REPRESENTED BY   

Paid-in capital (Unlimited shares authorized) (Notes 1 and 4)  $2,416,425 

Accumulated net realized gain on investments (Note 1)  24,961 

Net unrealized depreciation of investments  (113,081) 

Total — Representing net assets applicable to capital shares outstanding  $2,328,305 
 
COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND OFFERING PRICE   

Net asset value and redemption price per class A share ($1,519,581 divided by 155,486 shares)  $9.77 

Offering price per class A share (100/94.25 of $9.77)*  $10.37 

Net asset value and offering price per class B share ($99,190 divided by 10,242 shares)**  $9.68 

Net asset value and offering price per class C share ($226,565 divided by 23,397 shares)**  $9.68 

Net asset value and redemption price per class M share ($15,214 divided by 1,565 shares)  $9.72 

Offering price per class M share (100/96.50 of $9.72)*  $10.07 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class R share   
($10,132 divided by 1,038 shares)  $9.76 

Net asset value, offering price and redemption price per class Y share   
($457,623 divided by 46,692 shares)  $9.80 

 

* On single retail sales of less than $50,000. On sales of $50,000 or more the offering price is reduced.

** Redemption price per share is equal to net asset value less any applicable contingent deferred sales charge.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

24


 

Statement of operations Year ended 10/31/11

INVESTMENT INCOME   

Income distributions from underlying Putnam Fund shares  $22,089 

Total investment income  22,089 
 
EXPENSES   

Distribution fees — Class A (Note 2)  3,510 

Distribution fees — Class B (Note 2)  877 

Distribution fees — Class C (Note 2)  1,652 

Distribution fees — Class M (Note 2)  132 

Distribution fees — Class R (Note 2)  54 

Amortization of offering costs (Note 1)  42,509 

Reports to shareholders  13,084 

Auditing  19,710 

Other  774 

Fees waived and reimbursed by Manager (Note 2)  (76,077) 

Total expenses  6,225 
 
Net investment income  15,864 

 
Net realized gain on sales of underlying Putnam Fund shares (Notes 1 and 3)  12,431 

Capital gain distribution from underlying Putnam Fund shares  79,156 

Net unrealized depreciation of underlying Putnam Fund shares during the year  (215,869) 

Net loss on investments  (124,282) 
 
Net decrease in net assets resulting from operations  $(108,418) 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

25


 

Statement of changes in net assets

INCREASE IN NET ASSETS    For the period ended 
    3/31/10 (commence- 
  Year ended  ment of operations) 
  10/31/11  to 10/31/10 

Operations:     
Net investment income (loss)  $15,864  $(607) 

Net realized gain (loss) on underlying Putnam Fund shares  91,587  (9,124) 

Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on underlying     
Putnam Fund shares  (215,869)  102,788 

Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations  (108,418)  93,057 

Distributions to shareholders (Note 1):     
From ordinary income     
Net investment income     

Class A  (45,209)   

Class B  (2,404)   

Class C  (3,844)   

Class M  (590)   

Class R  (379)   

Class Y  (16,150)   

Net realized short-term gain on investments     

Class A  (2,749)   

Class B  (159)   

Class C  (255)   

Class M  (39)   

Class R  (25)   

Class Y  (956)   

Redemption fees (Note 1)  365  486 

Increase from capital share transactions (Note 4)  1,118,516  1,237,058 

Total increase in net assets  937,704  1,330,601 
 
NET ASSETS     

Beginning of year (Note 5)  1,390,601  60,000 

End of year  $2,328,305  $1,390,601 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

26


 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

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27


 

Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period)

INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:        LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:          RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:   

                        Ratio  Ratio   
      Net realized      From            of expenses  of net investment   
  Net asset value,    and unrealized  Total from  From  net realized        Total return  Net assets,  to average  income (loss)  Portfolio 
  beginning  Net investment  gain (loss)  investment  net investment  gain  Total  Redemption  Net asset value,  at net asset  end of period  net assets  to average  turnover 
Period ended  of period  income (loss) a  on investments  operations  income  on investments  distributions  fees  end of period  value (%) b  (in thousands)  (%) c,d  net assets (%) d  (%) 

Class A                             
October 31, 2011  $10.37  .08  (.25)  (.17)  (.41)  (.02)  (.43)  e  $9.77  (1.94)  $1,520  .25  .78  24 
October 31, 2010†  10.00  (.01)  .38  .37        e  10.37  3.70 *  876  .15 *  (.06) *  14 * 

Class B                             
October 31, 2011  $10.32  e  (.25)  (.25)  (.37)  (.02)  (.39)  e  $9.68  (2.66)  $99  1.00  (.02)  24 
October 31, 2010†  10.00  (.05)  .36  .31        .01  10.32  3.20 *  46  .59 *  (.51) *  14 * 

Class C                             
October 31, 2011  $10.32  (.02)  (.23)  (.25)  (.37)  (.02)  (.39)  e  $9.68  (2.65)  $227  1.00  (.15)  24 
October 31, 2010†  10.00  (.05)  .36  .31        .01  10.32  3.20 *  71  .59 *  (.52) *  14 * 

Class M                             
October 31, 2011  $10.34  .04  (.27)  (.23)  (.37)  (.02)  (.39)  e  $9.72  (2.43)  $15  .75  .42  24 
October 31, 2010†  10.00  (.04)  .37  .33        .01  10.34  3.40 *  16  .44 *  (.38) *  14 * 

Class R                             
October 31, 2011  $10.35  .07  (.26)  (.19)  (.38)  (.02)  (.40)  e  $9.76  (2.08)  $10  .50  .70  24 
October 31, 2010†  10.00  (.02)  .36  .34        .01  10.35  3.50 *  10  .30 *  (.22) *  14 * 

Class Y                             
October 31, 2011  $10.38  .11  (.25)  (.14)  (.42)  (.02)  (.44)  e  $9.80  (1.63)  $458    1.08  24 
October 31, 2010†  10.00  .01  .36  .37        .01  10.38  3.80 *  371  — *  .08 *  14 * 

 

* Not annualized.

† For the period March 31, 2010 (commencement of operations) to October 31, 2010.

a Per share net investment income (loss) has been determined on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

b Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges.

c Expense ratios do not include expenses of the underlying funds.

d Reflects an involuntary contractual expense limitation in effect during the period. As a result of such limitation the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amount (Note 2):

  Percentage of 
  average net assets 

October 31, 2011  3.53% 

October 31, 2010  10.58 

 

e Amount represents less than $0.01 per share.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

28  29 

 


 

Notes to financial statements 10/31/11

Note 1: Significant accounting policies

Putnam Global Sector Fund (the fund) is a diversified series of Putnam Funds Trust (the Trust), a Massachusetts business trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as an open-end management investment company. The fund seeks capital appreciation by allocating its assets among eight Putnam Global Sector Funds to provide exposure to sectors of the global markets in approximately the same proportions as the sector weightings in the MSCI World Index.

The financial statements report on the fund, which may invest in the following Putnam Funds: Putnam Global Consumer Fund, Putnam Global Financials Fund, Putnam Global Health Care Fund, Putnam Global Industrials Fund, Putnam Global Natural Resources Fund, Putnam Global Technology Fund, Putnam Global Telecommunications Fund, Putnam Global Utilities Fund, which are all non-diversified and Putnam Money Market Fund, which is diversified (the underlying Putnam Funds), which are managed by Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management), the fund’s manager, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC. The financial statements of the underlying Putnam Funds contain additional information about the expenses and investments of the underlying Putnam Funds and are available upon request.

The fund offers class A, class B, class C, class M, class R and class Y shares. Class A and class M shares are sold with a maximum front-end sales charge of 5.75% and 3.50%, respectively, and generally do not pay a contingent deferred sales charge. Class B shares, which convert to class A shares after approximately eight years, do not pay a front-end sales charge and are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within six years of purchase. Class C shares have a one-year 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge and do not convert to class A shares. Class R shares, which are not available to all investors, are sold at net asset value. The expenses for class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares may differ based on the distribution fee of each class, which is identified in Note 2. Class Y shares, which are sold at net asset value, are generally subject to the same expenses as class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, but do not bear a distribution fee. Class Y shares are not available to all investors.

A 1.00% redemption fee may apply on any shares that are redeemed (either by selling or exchanging into another fund) within 90 days of purchase. The redemption fee is accounted for as an addition to paid-in-capital.

Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses and expenses of the fund are borne pro-rata based on the relative net assets of each class to the total net assets of the fund, except that each class bears expenses unique to that class (including the distribution fees applicable to such classes). Each class votes as a class only with respect to its own distribution plan or other matters on which a class vote is required by law or determined by the Trustees. If the fund were liquidated, shares of each class would receive their pro-rata share of the net assets of the fund. In addition, the Trustees declare separate dividends on each class of shares.

In the normal course of business, the fund enters into contracts that may include agreements to indemnify another party under given circumstances. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be, but have not yet been, made against the fund. However, the fund’s management team expects the risk of material loss to be remote.

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events after the Statement of assets and liabilities date through the date that the financial statements were issued have been evaluated in the preparation of the financial statements. Unless otherwise noted, the “reporting period” represents the period from November 1, 2010 through October 31, 2011.

A) Security valuation The price of the fund’s shares are based on its net asset value (NAV), which is in turn based on the NAVs of the underlying Putnam Funds in which it invests, which are classified as Level 1. The NAVs of the underlying Putnam Funds are determined based on the policies contained in each of the underlying Putnam Fund’s financial statements. The NAV per share of each class equals the total value of its assets, less its liabilities, divided by the number of its outstanding shares. Shares are only valued as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange each day the exchange is open.

30


 

B) Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions, which consist of shares of the underlying Putnam Funds, are recorded on the trade date (date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses from the sale of the underlying Putnam Funds are determined on the identified cost basis. Income and capital gain distributions from the underlying Putnam Funds are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

C) Interfund lending The fund, along with other Putnam funds, may participate in an interfund lending program pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). This program allows the fund to borrow from or lend to other Putnam funds that permit such transactions. Interfund lending transactions are subject to each fund’s investment policies and borrowing and lending limits. Interest earned or paid on the interfund lending transaction will be based on the average of certain current market rates. During the reporting period, the fund did not utilize the program.

D) Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its taxable income within the prescribed time period and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Code. The fund is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ASC 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). ASC 740 sets forth a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The fund did not have a liability to record for any unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying financial statements. No provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. Each of the fund’s federal tax returns for the prior periods remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

E) Distributions to shareholders Distributions to shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. These differences include temporary and/or permanent differences of losses on wash sale transactions, redesignation of taxable income and reclass of short term capital gain distributions from underlying Putnam Funds. Reclassifications are made to the fund’s capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. For the reporting period ended, the fund reclassified $52,712 to increase distributions in excess of net investment income, with a decrease to accumulated net realized gains of $52,712.

The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of the close of the reporting period were as follows:

Unrealized appreciation  $41,591 
Unrealized depreciation  (175,779) 

Net unrealized depreciation  (134,188) 
Undistributed short-term gain  1,297 
Undistributed long-term gain  44,771 
Cost for federal income tax purposes  $2,462,974 

 

F) Expenses of the Trust Expenses directly charged or attributable to any fund will be paid from the assets of that fund. Generally, expenses of the Trust will be allocated among and charged to the assets of each fund on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be based on the relative assets of each fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each fund.

G) Offering costs The offering costs of $103,438 have been fully amortized on a straight-line basis over a twelve-month period as of March 31, 2011. As of the close of the reporting period, the fund has reimbursed Putnam Management for the payment of these expenses.

Note 2: Management fee, administrative services and other transactions

The fund does not pay a management fee to Putnam Management.

Putnam Management has contractually agreed to reimburse the fund for other expenses (not including brokerage, interest, taxes, investment-related expenses, extraordinary expenses and payments under the fund’s distribution plan) through February 28, 2013. During the reporting period, the fund’s expenses were reduced by $76,077 as a result of this limit.

31


 

Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund as determined by Putnam Management from time to time. Putnam Management pays a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at an annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund managed by PIL.

The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC (PAC), an affiliate of Putnam Management, is authorized by the Trustees to manage a separate portion of the assets of the fund, as designated from time to time by Putnam Management or PIL. Putnam Management or PIL, as applicable, pays a quarterly sub-advisory fee to PAC for its services at the annual rate of 0.35% of the average net assets of the portion of the fund’s assets for which PAC is engaged as sub-adviser.

The fund has adopted distribution plans (the Plans) with respect to its class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares pursuant to Rule 12b–1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The purpose of the Plans is to compensate Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC and Putnam Retail Management GP, Inc., for services provided and expenses incurred in distributing shares of the fund. The Plans provide for payments by the fund to Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership at an annual rate of up to 0.35%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 1.00% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively. The Trustees have approved payment by the fund at an annual rate of 0.25%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 0.75% and 0.50% of the average net assets attributable to class A, class B, class C, class M and class R shares, respectively.

For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received net commissions of $2,896 and $2 from the sale of class A and class M shares, respectively, and received contingent deferred sales charges of $245 and no monies from redemptions of class B and class C shares, respectively.

A deferred sales charge of up to 1.00% and 0.65% is assessed on certain redemptions of class A and class M shares, respectively. For the reporting period, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership, acting as underwriter, received no monies on class A and class M redemptions.

Note 3: Purchases and sales of securities

During the reporting period, cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of underlying Putnam Funds aggregated $1,653,420 and $512,088, respectively.

Note 4: Capital shares

At the close of the reporting period, there was an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest authorized. Transactions in capital shares were as follows:

      For the period 3/31/10 
      (commencement of operations) 
   Year ended 10/31/11   to 10/31/10 

Class A  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  85,601  $914,126  84,407  $794,833 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  4,440  46,711     

   90,041  960,837  84,407  794,833 

Shares repurchased  (19,032)  (195,889)  (930)  (8,860) 

Net increase  71,009  $764,948  83,477  $785,973 

 

32


 

      For the period 3/31/10 
      (commencement of operations) 
   Year ended 10/31/11   to 10/31/10 

Class B  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  10,932  $115,809  3,481  $32,719 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  244  2,563     

   11,176  118,372  3,481  32,719 

Shares repurchased  (5,395)  (57,102)  (20)  (193) 

Net increase  5,781  $61,270  3,461  $32,526 

 
      For the period 3/31/10 
      (commencement of operations) 
   Year ended 10/31/11   to 10/31/10 

Class C  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  17,475  $182,621  11,199  $110,886 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  354  3,712     

   17,829  186,333  11,199  110,886 

Shares repurchased  (1,268)  (14,245)  (5,363)  (47,038) 

Net increase  16,561  $172,088  5,836  $63,848 

 
      For the period 3/31/10 
      (commencement of operations) 
   Year ended 10/31/11   to 10/31/10 

Class M  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  229  $2,399  577  $5,871 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  60  629  —   —  

   289  3,028  577  5,871 

Shares repurchased  (301)  (2,767)  —   —  

Net increase (decrease)  (12)  $261  577  $5,871 

 
      For the period 3/31/10 
      (commencement of operations) 
   Year ended 10/31/11   to 10/31/10 

Class R  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold    $—    $— 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  38  404   —  —  

   38  404     

Shares repurchased      —   —  

Net increase  38  $404    $— 

 

33


 

      For the period 3/31/10 
      (commencement of operations) 
   Year ended 10/31/11   to 10/31/10 

Class Y  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 

Shares sold  23,999  $258,282  42,103  $423,292 

Shares issued in connection with         
reinvestment of distributions  1,625  17,106  —    — 

   25,624  275,388  42,103  423,292 

Shares repurchased  (14,710)  (155,843)  (7,325)  (74,452) 

Net increase  10,914  $119,545  34,778  $348,840 

 

At the close of the reporting period, a Trustee of the Fund owned 11.97% of the outstanding shares of the fund.

At the close of the reporting period, Putnam Investments, LLC owned the following class shares of the fund:

      Value at the end of the 
  Shares  Percent of ownership  reporting period 

Class M  1,038  66.33%  $10,089 

Class R  1,038  100.00  10,132 

Class Y  1,042  2.23  10,212 

 

Note 5: Initial capitalization and offering of shares

The fund was established as a series of the Trust on March 31, 2010. Prior to March 31, 2010, the fund had no operations other than those related to organizational matters, including as noted below, the initial capital contributions by Putnam Investments, LLC and issuance of shares:

  Capital contribution  Shares issued 

Class A  $10,000  1,000 

Class B  $10,000  1,000 

Class C  $10,000  1,000 

Class M  $10,000  1,000 

Class R  $10,000  1,000 

Class Y  $10,000  1,000 

 

34


 

Note 6: Transactions with affiliated issuers

Transactions during the reporting period with companies in which the fund owned at least 5% or more of the outstanding voting securities, or a company which is under common ownership or control were as follows:

  Market value          Market value 
  at beginning          at end of 
  of reporting  Purchase  Sale  Investment  Capital gain  reporting 
Affiliates  period  cost  proceeds  income  distributions  period 

Putnam Global             
Consumer Fund  $283,692  $327,931  $99,166  $3,527  $19,079  $491,198 

Putnam Global             
Financials Fund  275,683  357,567  104,764  4,158  26,462  429,784 

Putnam Global             
Health Care Fund  132,020  164,548  50,103    10,181  230,028 

Putnam Global             
Industrials Fund  156,146  183,995  55,654  2,346  15,460  248,429 

Putnam Global Natural             
Resources Fund  248,535  281,047  91,294  6,952    423,779 

Putnam Global             
Technology Fund  165,656  192,144  60,129    5,036  292,353 

Putnam Global             
Telecommunications Fund  63,888  67,885  21,311  2,028  2,938  108,210 

Putnam Global             
Utilities Fund  59,689  69,120  21,193  3,078    98,715 

Putnam Money             
Market Fund  5,579  9,183  8,474      6,290 

Totals  $1,390,888  $1,653,420  $512,088  $22,089  $79,156  $2,328,786 

 

Market values are shown for those securities affiliated at period end.

Note 7: Market and credit risk

In the normal course of business, the fund trades financial instruments and enters into financial transactions where risk of potential loss exists due to changes in the market (market risk) or failure of the contracting party to the transaction to perform (credit risk). The fund may be exposed to additional credit risk that an institution or other entity with which the fund has unsettled or open transactions will default.

35



<R>   
PUTNAM FUNDS TRUST 

 
 
Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund 
Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund 
Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund 
Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund 
Putnam Global Sector Fund 
</R>   
 
 
FORM N-1A 
<R>   
PART C 
 
 
OTHER INFORMATION 

 

Item 28. Exhibits

(a)(1) Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated January 22, 1996 – Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 30, 1996.

(a)(2) Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated November 12, 2004 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 65 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 28, 2005.

(b) By-Laws, as amended through July 21, 2000 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 31 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 29, 2000.

(c)(1) Portions of Agreement and Declaration of Trust Relating to Shareholders’ Rights – Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 30, 1996.

(c)(2) Portions of By-Laws Relating to Shareholders’ Rights – Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 30, 1996.

C-1 
 


(d)(1) Management Contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated January 1, 2010, schedule dated September 9, 2011, for Putnam Dynamic Asset Allocation Equity Fund, Putnam Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund, Putnam Floating Rate Income Fund, Putnam Global Consumer Fund, Putnam Global Energy Fund, Putnam Global Financials Fund, Putnam Global Industrials Fund, Putnam Global Technology Fund, Putnam Global Telecommunications Fund, Putnam Multi-Cap Core Fund, Putnam Retirement Income Fund Lifestyle 2, Putnam Retirement Income Fund Lifestyle 3, and Putnam Short Duration Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

(d)(2) Management Contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated July 1, 2011 for Putnam Asia Pacific Equity Fund and Putnam International Value Fund – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 26, 2011.

(d)(3) Management Contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated January 1, 2010 for Putnam Emerging Markets Equity Fund and Putnam Small Cap Growth Fund – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 109 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 27, 2010.

(d)(4) Management Contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated January 1, 2010 for Putnam Capital Spectrum Fund and Putnam Equity Spectrum Fund – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 17, 2010.

(d)(5) Management Contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated December 14, 2009 for Putnam Global Sector Fund – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 104 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on March 31, 2010.

(d)(6) Management Contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated February 1, 2010 for Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund, Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund, and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on February 26, 2010.

(d)(7) Management Contract with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated August 3, 2007 for Putnam Money Market Liquidity Fund – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 28, 2009.

(d)(8) Sub-Management Contract between Putnam Investment Management, LLC and Putnam Investments Limited dated May 15, 2008; schedule dated September 9, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

C-2 


(d)(9) Sub-Advisory Contract among Putnam Investment Management, LLC, Putnam Investments Limited and The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC dated May 15, 2008; schedule A dated September 9, 2011; schedule B dated September 9, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

(e)(1) Distributor’s Contract with Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership dated August 3, 2007 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 27, 2007.

(e)(2) Form of Dealer Sales Contract dated January 11, 2010 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 28, 2010.

(e)(3) Form of Financial Institution Sales Contract dated January 11, 2010 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 28, 2010.

(f) Trustee Retirement Plan dated October 4, 1996, as amended July 21, 2000 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 28, 2005.

(g) Master Custodian Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated January 1, 2007; schedule dated October 7, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

(h)(1) Amended and Restated Investor Servicing Agreement with Putnam Investment Management, LLC and Putnam Investor Services, Inc. dated January 1, 2009; schedule dated September 9, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

(h)(2) Letter of Indemnity with Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated December 18, 2003 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 28, 2004.

(h)(3) Liability Insurance Allocation Agreement dated December 18, 2003 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 28, 2004.

(h)(4) Master Sub-Accounting Services Agreement between Putnam Investment Management, LLC and State Street Bank and Trust Company dated January 1, 2007; schedule dated October 7, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

C-3 


(h)(5) Master Interfund Lending Agreement with the Trusts party thereto and Putnam Investment Management, LLC dated July 16, 2010; schedule A dated September 9, 2011; schedule B dated September 9, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

(h)(6) Committed Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated July 6, 2010 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 28, 2010.

(h)(7) First Amendment to Committed Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated January 6, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 114 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 28, 2011.

(h)(8) Second Amendment to Committed Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated July 1, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 26, 2011.

(h)(9) Third Amendment to Committed Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated December 15, 2011.

(h)(10) Uncommitted Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated July 6, 2010 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 28, 2010.

(h)(11) First Amendment to Uncommitted Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated January 6, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 114 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 28, 2011.

(h)(12) Second Amendment to Uncommitted Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated July 1, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 26, 2011.

(h)(13) Third Amendment to Uncommitted Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated December 15, 2011.

(i) Opinion of Ropes & Gray LLP, including consent – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 132 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on September 30, 2011.

C-4 


(j)(1) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG, LLP for Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund.

(j)(2) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – PWC, LLP for Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund.

(j)(3) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – PWC, LLP for Putnam Global Sector Fund.

(k) Not applicable.

(l) Investment Letter from Putnam Investments, LLC to the Registrant – Incorporated by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 19, 1996.

(m)(1) Class A Distribution Plan and Agreement dated April 1, 2000 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 17, 2000.

(m)(2) Class B Distribution Plan and Agreement dated April 1, 2000 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 17, 2000.

(m)(3) Class C Distribution Plan and Agreement dated April 1, 2000 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 17, 2000.

(m)(4) Class M Distribution Plan and Agreement dated April 1, 2000 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 17, 2000.

(m)(5) Class R Distribution Plan and Agreement dated May 8, 2003 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on January 30, 2004.

(m)(7) Form of Dealer Service Agreement – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 30, 1997.

(m)(8) Form of Financial Institution Service Agreement – Incorporated by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on July 19, 1996.

(n) Rule 18f-3 Plan dated November 1, 1999, as most recently amended June 17, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 26, 2011.

(p)(1) The Putnam Funds Code of Ethics dated June 17, 2011 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on October 28, 2011.

C-5 


(p)(2) Putnam Investments Code of Ethics dated June 2010 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on June 28, 2010.

(p)(3) Amendment dated June 2011 to Putnam Investments Code of Ethics dated June 2010 – Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on August 26, 2011.

Item 29. Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with Fund

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 59.32% of the class A shares of Putnam Asia Pacific Equity Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 58.01% of the class A shares of Putnam Dynamic Asset Allocation Equity Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 71.48% of the class A shares of Putnam Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 48.16% of the class B shares of Putnam Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 32.41% of the class M shares of Putnam Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 100.00% of the class R shares of Putnam Dynamic Risk Allocation Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 35.15% of the class A shares of Putnam Global Consumer Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 34.87% of the class M shares of Putnam Global Consumer Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 28.01% of the class R shares of Putnam Global Consumer Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 51.48% of the class A shares of Putnam Global Financials Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 31.41% of the class A shares of Putnam Global Industrials Fund.

C-6 


As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 100.00% of the class R shares of Putnam Global Industrials Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 80.18% of the class M shares of Putnam Global Sector Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 100.00% of the class R shares of Putnam Global Sector Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 26.11% of the class A shares of Putnam Global Technology Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 56.17% of the class R shares of Putnam Global Technology Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 35.11% of the class A shares of Putnam Global Telecommunications Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 38.31% of the class M shares of Putnam Global Telecommunications Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 58.97% of the class A shares of Putnam Multi Cap-Core Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 41.43% of the class M shares of Putnam Multi Cap-Core Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 100.00% of the class R shares of Putnam Multi Cap-Core Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 96.92% of the class A shares of Putnam Retirement Income Fund Lifestyle 2.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 62.46% of the class B shares of Putnam Retirement Income Fund Lifestyle 2.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 100.00% of the class C shares of Putnam Retirement Income Fund Lifestyle 2.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 100.00% of the class R shares of Putnam Retirement Income Fund Lifestyle 2.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 80.43% of the class A shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund.

C-7 


As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 63.07% of the class B shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 61.69% of the class M shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund.

As of January 31, 2012, Putnam Investment Holdings, LLC owned 100.00% of the class R shares of Putnam Short Duration Income Fund.

Item 30. Indemnification

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (File No. 811-07513).

</R>


Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser

Except as set forth below, the directors and officers of each of Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the Registrant’s investment adviser (the “Investment Adviser”), Putnam Investments Limited, investment sub-manager to certain Putnam funds (the “Sub-Manager”), and The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC, investment sub-adviser to certain Putnam funds, have been engaged during the past two fiscal years in no business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature other than as directors or officers of the Investment Adviser, Sub-Manager, or certain of the Investment Adviser’s corporate affiliates. Certain officers of the Investment Adviser serve as officers of some or all of the Putnam funds. The address of the Investment Adviser, its corporate affiliates other than the Sub-Manager, and the Putnam funds is One Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. The address of the Sub-Manager is Cassini House, 57-59 St James’s Street, London, England, SW1A 1LD.

Name and Title  Non-Putnam business, profession, vocation or 
  employment 
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Steven W. Curbow  Prior to December 2008, Senior Vice President Director 
Senior Vice President  of Research, Independence Investments, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  160 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110 
David Glancy  Prior to January 2009, Managing Partner, 
Managing Director  Andover Capital Advisors, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  300 Brickstone Sq., Andover, MA 01810 
Michael J. Maguire  Prior to January 2009, Senior Analyst, 
Senior Vice President  FTN Midwest Securities 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  99 Summer St., Boston, MA 02110 
Lucas M. Klein  Prior to January 2009, VP Equity Analyst, 
Senior Vice President  River Source Investments, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  125 High Street, Boston, MA 02110 
George Gianarikas  Prior to January 2009, Global Industry Analyst, 
Senior Vice President  Wellington Management, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  75 State Street, Boston, MA 02109 
Shobha S. Frey  Prior to January 2009, Managing Director Hedge Fund, 
Senior Vice President  K Capital Partners, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  75 Park Plaza, Boston, MA 02116 
Richard E. Bodzy  Prior to February 2009, Industrials Analyst, 
Assistant Vice President  River Source Investments, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  125 High Street, Boston, MA 02110 
Ami Y. Joseph  Prior to February 2009, Equity Research Analyst, 
Vice President  Fidelity Investments, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  245 Summer St., Boston, MA 02110 
Vinay H. Shah  Prior to February 2009, VP Senior Tech Analyst 
Senior Managing Director  River Source Investments, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  125 High Street, Boston, MA 02110 
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Walter C. Donovan  Prior to May 2009, President, Equity Division, 
Senior Managing Director  Fidelity Investments, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  82 Devonshire St., Boston, MA 02109 
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Ferat Ongoren  Prior to June 2009, Director, Industrials Sector, 
Senior Vice President  CITI Equities Trading 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  New York, NewYork 
Karan S. Sodhi  Prior to June 2010, Equity Analyst, 
Senior Vice President  Stark Investments, 
Putnam Investment Management, LLC  2 International Place, Boston, MA 02110 

 

Item 32. Principal Underwriter

(a) Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership is the principal underwriter for each of the following investment companies, including the Registrant:

George Putnam Balanced Fund, Putnam American Government Income Fund, Putnam Arizona Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Asset Allocation Funds, Putnam California Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Convertible Securities Fund, Putnam Diversified Income Trust, Putnam Equity Income Fund, Putnam Europe Equity Fund, Putnam Funds Trust, The Putnam Fund for Growth and Income, Putnam Global Equity Fund, Putnam Global Income Trust, Putnam Global Natural Resources Fund, Putnam Global Health Care Fund, Putnam Global Utilities Fund, Putnam High Yield Advantage Fund, Putnam High Yield Trust, Putnam Income Fund, Putnam International Equity Fund, Putnam Investment Funds, Putnam Investors Fund, Putnam Massachusetts Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Michigan Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Minnesota Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Money Market Fund, Putnam Multi-Cap Growth Fund, Putnam New Jersey Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam New York Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Ohio Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Pennsylvania Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam RetirementReady® Funds, Putnam Tax Exempt Income Fund, Putnam Tax Exempt Money Market Fund, Putnam Tax-Free Income Trust, Putnam U.S. Government Income Trust, Putnam Variable Trust, and Putnam Voyager Fund.

(b) The directors and officers of the Registrant’s principal underwriter are listed below. Except as noted below, no officer of the Registrant’s principal underwriter is an officer of the Registrant.

The principal business address of each person listed below is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109.

Name  Position and Office with the Underwriter 

Aaron III Jefferson F.  Senior Vice President 

Ahearn Paul D.  Vice President 

Amisano Paulette Cusick  Vice President 

Asci Susan J.  Vice President 

Ashibe Sumie  Assistant Vice President 

Babcock III Warren W.  Senior Vice President 

Balfour Renee  Assistant Vice President 

Barnett William E.  Senior Vice President 

Bartony Paul A.  Senior Vice President 

 

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Black Robert W.  Vice President 

Boornazian Aram R.  Assistant Vice President 

Borden Richard S.  Senior Vice President 

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Brockelman James D.  Managing Director 

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Browne John C.  Assistant Vice President 

Bruce Scott W.  Senior Vice President 

Bumpus James F.  Managing Director 

Bunker Christopher M.  Senior Vice President 

Burke Brian M.  Vice President 

Burns Robert T.  Managing Director 

Cahill Daniel J.  Assistant Vice President 

Campbell Christopher F.  Vice President 

Capece John P.  Vice President 

Card Victoria R.  Vice President 

Carney Jeffrey R.  Senior Managing Director 

Casey David M.  Senior Vice President 

Cass William D.  Senior Vice President 

Chapman Frederick  Senior Vice President 

Clark James F.  Senior Vice President 

Colman Donald M.  Senior Vice President 

Coneeny Mark L.  Managing Director 

Connolly William T.  Senior Managing Director 

Cooley Jonathan A.  Senior Vice President 

Corbett Dennis T.  Senior Vice President 

Craig Casey R.  Vice President 

Crilly Lindsay T.  Vice President 

Cristo Chad H.  Managing Director 

Curran Kevin M.  Assistant Vice President 

Curtin Brian  Senior Vice President 

Daley Eric Hugh  Senior Vice President 

Daly Elizabeth Paul  Vice President 

Davidian Raymond A.  Vice President 

DeAngelis Adam  Senior Vice President 

Deaver Marvin L.  Vice President 

DeGregorio Jr. Richard A.  Vice President 

Demery Thomas R.  Vice President 

Dewey Jr. Paul S.  Managing Director 

DiBuono Jeffrey P.  Vice President 

DiPietro Daniel S.  Assistant Vice President 

Donadio Joyce M.  Senior Vice President 

Doucet Christopher C.  Senior Vice President 

Druker Linda A.  Assistant Vice President 

Duffy Anne Marie  Vice President 

Dumas Alan J.  Vice President 

Durkan Anthony  Assistant Vice President 

Economou Stefan G.  Vice President 

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Eckelkamp Douglas  Vice President 

 

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</R>   

Eidelberg Kathleen E.  Vice President 

Elderkin Justin  Vice President 

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Eldredge Andrew H.  Senior Vice President 

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Evans Adam Christopher  Senior Vice President 

Fall Stephanie L.  Assistant Vice President 

Favaloro Beth A.  Managing Director 

Ferrelli F. Peter  Managing Director 

Filmore Benjamin R.  Senior Vice President 

Fleming Pamela B.  Vice President 

Fleming Robert A.  Vice President 

Forcione Carlo N.  Vice President 

Foster Laura G.  Senior Vice President 

Gentile Donald A.  Vice President 

Gentile Lauren K.  Assistant Vice President 

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Glickman David S.  Senior Vice President 

Goyer Michael J.  Vice President 

Greeley Jr. Robert E.  Vice President 

Greenwood Julie M.  Senior Vice President 

Halloran James E.  Senior Vice President 

Hancock Nancy E.  Vice President 

Harrington Terese A.  Assistant Vice President 

Hartigan Maureen A.  Senior Vice President 

Hayes Alexander D.  Vice President 

Homer Edward M.  Assistant Vice President 

Horkan Lisa M.  Senior Vice President 

Hoyt Paula J.  Senior Vice President 

Hughes Rosemary A.  Vice President 

Inoue Hitoshi  Senior Vice President 

Iskandar Anthony Michael  Vice President 

Jurkiewicz Gregg M.  Vice President 

Kagami Masao  Senior Vice President 

Kapinos Peter J.  Senior Vice President 

Kay Karen R.  Managing Director 

Kealty Joseph M.  Vice President 

Kelley Brian J.  Managing Director 

Kelly A. Siobhan  Senior Vice President 

Kennedy Daniel J.  Senior Vice President 

Kersten Charles N.  Senior Vice President 

Kinsman Anne M.  Senior Vice President 

Kircher Richard T.  Vice President 

Kotsiras Steven  Senior Vice President 

Lacour Jayme J.  Vice President 

Lange Christine L.  Senior Vice President 

Leahy Jon F.  Vice President 

Lecce Vincent L.  Vice President 

 

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Leeson John B.  Vice President 

Leveille Robert R. *  Managing Director 

Levy Norman S.  Senior Vice President 

Lewis Benjamin Herbert  Managing Director 

Lieberman Samuel L.  Senior Vice President 

Link Christopher H.  Senior Vice President 

Loehning III William F.  Vice President 

Lohmeier Andrew  Senior Vice President 

Lopez Christopher D.  Vice President 

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MacWade Michael J.  Managing Director 

</R>   

Maher James M.  Vice President 

Maher Stephen B.  Vice President 

Mahoney Julie M.  Senior Vice President 

Martin David M.  Senior Vice President 

Marzelli Kristine  Assistant Vice President 

Mattucci John T.  Senior Vice President 

McCarthy Anne B.  Vice President 

McCloy Andrew P.  Vice President 

McCollough Martha J.  Assistant Vice President 

McDaries Jane S.  Assistant Vice President 

McDermott Robert J.  Senior Vice President 

McKeehan John B.  Vice President 

McKenna Mark J.  Managing Director 

McNamara Daniel  Assistant Vice President 

Mehta Ashok  Senior Vice President 

Miller Daniel R.  Vice President 

Miller Geffrey  Vice President 

Minsk Judith  Senior Vice President 

Molesky Kevin P.  Senior Vice President 

Morais Joseph  Vice President 

Murphy III Edmund F.  Managing Director 

Nakamura Denise-Marie  Senior Vice President 

Nguyen David R.  Vice President 

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</R>   

Nickodemus John P.  Managing Director 

Norcross George H.  Senior Vice President 

O’Connell Jr. Paul P.  Senior Vice President 

O’Connor Brian P.  Senior Vice President 

O’Neill Robert W.  Managing Director 

Otsuka Haruo  Vice President 

Papay Jennifer A.  Vice President 

Perkins Erin M.  Senior Vice President 

Petitti Joseph P.  Senior Vice President 

Pheeney Bradford S.  Vice President 

Pheeney Douglas K.  Vice President 

Pike John R.  Managing Director 

Powers Michele M.  Assistant Vice President 

 

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Pulkrabek Scott M.  Senior Vice President 

Purtell Stephanie B.  Vice President 

Puzzangara John C.  Senior Vice President 

Quinn Kyle C.  Vice President 

Reid Sandra L.  Senior Vice President 

Riccardella Paul A.  Vice President 

Ritter Jesse D.  Vice President 

Rodammer Kris  Senior Vice President 

Saunders Catherine A.  Managing Director 

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</R>   

Seward Mary E.  Assistant Vice President 

Shimokawa Ryuichi  Senior Vice President 

Short Jr. Harold P.  Managing Director 

Signorello Stephen  Assistant Vice President 

Sipple Scott C.  Managing Director 

Skomial Victoria S.  Assistant Vice President 

Sloane Melissa A.  Vice President 

Snyder Scott Joseph  Assistant Vice President 

Spence David L.  Vice President 

Spigelmeyer III Carl M.  Senior Vice President 

Steingarten Brie A.E.  Vice President 

Stern Derek A.  Vice President 

Stuart James F.  Senior Vice President 

Sullivan Brian L.  Senior Vice President 

Sullivan Daniel John  Vice President 

Sullivan Elaine M.  Managing Director 

Taber Rene B.  Senior Vice President 

Tamura Annika I.  Vice President 

Tate Stephen J.  Senior Vice President 

Tolmie Ryan J.  Assistant Vice President 

Trenchard Mark C.  Managing Director 

Tsuruoka Kei  Vice President 

Tucker Jason A.  Managing Director 

Valentin-Hess Carmen  Vice President 

Wallace Stephen  Senior Vice President 

Watson Stefanie H.  Vice President 

Weylman William K.  Vice President 

Whitman Peter T.  Senior Vice President 

Wilde Michael R.  Vice President 

Williams Brie P.  Senior Vice President 

Wolff Meredith M.  Senior Vice President 

Wright Jr. Edmund F.  Senior Vice President 

Yamamoto Kayo  Vice President 

Zannino David J.  Vice President 

Zechello Steven R.  Senior Vice President 

 

*Mr. Leveille is Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer of the Registrant.

 

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Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records

Persons maintaining physical possession of accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder are the Registrant’s Clerk, Judith Cohen; the Registrant’s investment adviser, Putnam Investment Management, LLC (PIM); the Registrant’s principal underwriter, Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership (PRM); the Registrant’s custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company (which, in addition to its duties as custodian, also provides certain administrative, pricing, and bookkeeping services); and the Registrant’s transfer and dividend disbursing agent, Putnam Investor Services, Inc. The address of the Clerk, PIM, PRM and Putnam Investor Services, Inc. is One Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. State Street Bank and Trust Company is located at 225 Franklin Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 and 2 Avenue de Lafayette, Boston, Massachusetts 02111.

Item 34. Management Services

None.

Item 35. Undertakings

None.

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NOTICE 

 

A copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of Putnam Funds Trust is on file with the Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and notice is hereby given that this instrument is executed on behalf of the Registrant by an officer of the Registrant as an officer and not individually and the obligations of or arising out of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the relevant series of the Registrant.

 

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SIGNATURES 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Amendment to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Boston, and The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on the 28th day of February, 2012.

 

Putnam Funds Trust 
 
By: /s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz, Executive Vice President, 
Treasurer, Principal Executive Officer and Compliance Liaison 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Amendment to the Registration Statement of Putnam Funds Trust has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

Signature  Title 
 
Jameson A. Baxter *  Chair, Board of Trustees 
 
Robert L. Reynolds*  President and Trustee 
 
Jonathan S. Horwitz**  Executive Vice President, Treasurer, Principal Executive Officer and 
  Compliance Liaison 
 
Steven D. Krichmar*  Vice President and Principal Financial Officer 
 
Janet C. Smith*  Vice President, Assistant Treasurer and Principal Accounting 
  Officer 
 
Ravi Akhoury*  Trustee 
 
Barbara M. Baumann***  Trustee 
 
Charles B. Curtis*  Trustee 
 
Robert J. Darretta*  Trustee 
 
John A. Hill*  Trustee 
 
Paul L. Joskow*  Trustee 
 
Elizabeth T. Kennan****  Trustee 
 
Kenneth R. Leibler*  Trustee 
 
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Robert E. Patterson*  Trustee 
 
George Putnam, III*  Trustee 
 
W. Thomas Stephens*  Trustee 

 

By: /s/ Jonathan S. Horwitz, as Attorney-in-Fact 
February 28, 2012 
 
* Signed pursuant to power of attorney filed in Post- 
Effective Amendment No. 93 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement filed on June 26, 2009. 
** Signed pursuant to power of attorney filed in Post- 
Effective Amendment No. 101 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement filed on January 15, 2010. 
*** Signed pursuant to power of attorney filed in Post- 
Effective Amendment No. 109 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement filed on August 27, 2010. 
**** Signed pursuant to power of attorney filed in Post- 
Effective Amendment No. 140 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement filed on January 27, 2012. 
 
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EXHIBIT INDEX 

 

Item 28 Exhibits

(h)(9) Third amendment to Committed Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated December 15, 2012.

(h)(13) Third amendment to Uncommitted Line of Credit Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company dated December 15, 2012.

(j)(1) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG, LLP for Putnam Absolute Return 100 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 300 Fund.

(j)(2) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – PWC, LLP for Putnam Absolute Return 500 Fund and Putnam Absolute Return 700 Fund.

(j)(3) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – PWC, LLP for Putnam Global Sector Fund.

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