14. INCOME TAXES

The Company's consolidated Federal, State and City income tax provisions were comprised of the following:

	Year Ended December 31, 2013											Year Ended December 31, 2012											Year Ended December 31, 2011
	Federal			State and City				Total				Federal				State and City			Total				Federal				State and City				Total
Current		$	22,475		$	7,806			$	30,281			$	21,607		$	7,351			$	28,958			$	25,580			$	7,231			$	32,811
Deferred			362			(1,302	)			(940	)			(1,395	)		(673	)			(2,068	)			(1,145	)			(78	)			(1,223	)
TOTAL		$	22,837		$	6,504			$	29,341			$	20,212		$	6,678			$	26,890			$	24,435			$	7,153			$	31,588

The preceding table excludes tax effects recorded directly to stockholders' equity in connection with unrealized gains and losses on securities available-for-sale (including losses on such securities upon their transfer to held-to-maturity), stock-based compensation plans, and adjustments to other comprehensive income relating to the minimum pension liability, unrecognized gains of pension and other postretirement obligations and changes in the non-credit component of OTTI. These tax effects are disclosed as part of the presentation of the consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income.

The provision for income taxes differed from that computed at the Federal statutory rate as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2013			2012			2011
Tax at Federal statutory rate	$	25,511		$	23,519		$	27,614
State and local taxes, net of federal income tax benefit		4,228			4,341			4,319
Benefit plan differences		(445	)		(114	)		(122	)
Adjustments for prior period returns and tax items		422			63			185
Investment in BOLI		(585	)		(591	)		(615	)
Adjustment for unrecognized tax (benefits) liabilities		-			-			(1,026	)
Other, net		210			(328	)		1,233
TOTAL	$	29,341		$	26,890		$	31,588
Effective tax rate		40.25	%		40.02	%		40.04	%

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the book and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The components of Federal and State and City deferred income tax assets and liabilities were as follows:

	At December 31,
Deferred tax assets:	2013		2012
Allowance for loan losses	$	9,518	$	9,902
Employee benefit plans		15,478		17,681
Credit component of OTTI		4,088		4,052
Other		2,435		1,970
Total deferred tax assets		31,519		33,605
Deferred tax liabilities:
Tax effect of other components of income on investment securities and MBS		559		86
Difference in book and tax carrying value of fixed assets		986		337
Tax effect of purchase accounting fair value adjustments		-		-
Other		109		232
Total deferred tax liabilities		1,654		655
Net deferred tax asset (recorded in other assets)	$	29,865	$	32,950

No valuation allowances were recognized on deferred tax assets during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, since, at each period end, it was deemed more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be fully realized.

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Bank had accumulated bad debt reserves totaling $15,158 for which no provision for income tax was required to be recorded. These bad debt reserves could be subject to recapture into taxable income under certain circumstances, including a distribution of the bad debt benefits to the Holding Company or the failure of the Bank to qualify as a bank for federal income tax purposes. Should the reserves as of

December 31, 2013 be fully recaptured, the Bank would recogniz $6,844 in additional income tax expense. Should the reserves as of December 31, 2012 be fully recaptured, the Bank would recognize $6,985 in additional income tax expense. The Company expects to take no action in the foreseeable future that would require the establishment of a tax liability associated with these bad debt reserves.

The Company is subject to regular examination by various tax authorities in jurisdictions in which it conducts significant business operations. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of additional examinations in each of the tax jurisdictions resulting from ongoing assessments.

Under current accounting rules, all tax positions adopted are subjected to two levels of evaluation. Initially, a determination is made, based on the technical merits of the position, as to whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. In conducting this evaluation, management is required to presume that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority possessing full knowledge of all relevant information. The second level of evaluation is the measurement of a tax position that satisfies the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold. This measurement is performed in order to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company had no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. The Company does not anticipate any material change to unrecognized tax benefits during the year ending December 31, 2014.

The following table reconciles the Company's gross unrecognized tax benefits for the periods indicated:

	Year Ended December 31, 2011
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning of the period	$	1,408
Lapse of statue of limitations		-
Settlement with taxing jurisdictions		-
Gross increases – current period tax positions		-
Gross decreases – current period tax positions		-
Gross increases – prior period tax positions		-
Gross decreases – prior period tax positions		(1,408	)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at the end of the period	$	-

Related to the unrecognized tax benefits noted above, a liability totaling $440 for interest was eliminated during the year ended December 31, 2011.

As of December 31, 2013, the tax years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 remained subject to examination by all of the Company's relevant tax jurisdictions, while the year ended December 31, 2009 remained subject to audit by New York City. While the Company is currently under audit by certain taxing jurisdictions, no material impact to the financial statements is expected to result from these examinations.