-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, BfC+wboRTo0hOnVBkt9NbGC+VzeWOxGfdQ5JlR8uOoy+fFoJMfLtaIAO6MA/0wu5 96G6dtcBL6ODO2No9kngKA== 0000950135-97-001513.txt : 19970912 0000950135-97-001513.hdr.sgml : 19970912 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950135-97-001513 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K405 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 21 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19961231 FILED AS OF DATE: 19970331 SROS: NASD FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001002637 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: 2834 IRS NUMBER: 043177038 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K405 SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-28494 FILM NUMBER: 97569164 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 640 MEMORIAL DRIVE CITY: CAMBRIDGE STATE: MA ZIP: 02139 BUSINESS PHONE: 6176797000 10-K405 1 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 1 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (Mark One) [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 1996 [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from ___________ to ______________ Commission File No. 0-28494 --------------------------- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. -------------------------------- (Exact Name of registrant as Specified in its Charter) Delaware 04-3177038 ----------------------------------------------------- (State or Other Jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Incorporation or Organization) Identification No.) 640 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 -------------------------------------------------- (Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (617) 679-7000 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: NONE Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Title of each class ------------------- Common Stock, $.001 par value Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No --- --- Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to the Form 10-K. [X] The aggregate market value of voting Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $398,133,938, based on the last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market on March 25, 1997. Number of shares outstanding of the registrant's class of Common Stock as of March 25, 1997: 28,745,520. Documents incorporated by reference: 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders - Part II Proxy Statement for the 1997 Annual Meeting of Stockholders - Part III 2 PART I Item 1. BUSINESS General Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Millennium" or the "Company") is engaged in the commercial application of genetics, genomics and bioinformatics to discover and develop a broad range of novel therapeutic and diagnostic products. Independently and in strategic alliances with leading pharmaceutical companies, the Company has focused its research efforts on identifying and elucidating the function of genes responsible for diseases (disease genes) that affect millions of individuals and that are underserved by current therapeutic alternatives. These diseases include obesity, type II diabetes, atherosclerosis, asthma, cancer and diseases of the central nervous system. The Company's principal objective is to use its technology platform to enable and accelerate the discovery and development of new, proprietary therapeutic and diagnostic products capable of addressing these diseases at their root causes, rather than simply identifying and treating their symptoms. The Company is distinctive in the genomics industry in employing a comprehensive technology platform that couples multiple synergistic approaches for identifying disease genes with a broad set of bench and computational biology technologies for elucidating the function of these genes and their role in disease initiation and progression. This highly automated, computer-enhanced technology platform is designed to enable the Company and its strategic partners to rapidly convert the Company's gene discoveries into useful targets for drug discovery and pharmaceutical intervention. The Company believes that its discoveries will be valuable for the development of therapeutic products (including orally available small molecule drugs, therapeutic proteins, gene therapy and antisense drugs), diagnostic products and services and disease management programs for a wide range of diseases. The Company has secured strategic partners for its most advanced disease research programs: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. ("Roche") in obesity and type II diabetes; Eli Lilly and Company ("Lilly") in cardiovascular disease and select areas within oncology; Astra AB ("Astra") in inflammatory respiratory diseases; and American Home Products ("AHP") in certain disorders of the central nervous system. The Company intends to pursue further strategic alliances as appropriate. The Company has retained substantial rights to develop and market certain diagnostic and therapeutic applications of the discoveries it makes in its funded strategic alliance research programs. In February 1997, the Company acquired ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc., an antifungal and antibacterial drug discovery company, for approximately 4,800,000 shares of Millennium's Common Stock. In addition, a principal shareholder of 1 3 ChemGenics received $4.0 million in settlement of a promissory note and repurchase of warrants previously issued by ChemGenics. Background The Drug Discovery and Development Process Historically, pharmaceutical products have been developed primarily through the synthesis and screening of large collections of chemical compounds and natural products. Compounds are identified as pharmaceutical candidates based on their activity in simple in vitro and in vivo assays believed to mimic aspects of human physiology or biochemistry. Where significant activity is found in an assay, the compound is then tested in animal models believed to simulate human disease conditions. The principal limitation with this approach has been that these assays and animal models have not always proven to be predictive of the candidate drug's safety and efficacy in humans with the disease. In addition, the mechanism of action of these compounds and the underlying causes of the disease generally have remained unknown. Consequently, the resulting candidate drugs are often either ineffective or only ameliorate symptoms without addressing the root cause of the disease. Recent advances in genetics have the potential to significantly improve drug discovery and development by enabling the identification of the root causes of diseases at the molecular level. In contrast to traditional drug discovery and development, a genetics approach commences by identifying those genes that, when defective, are responsible for the initiation or progression of disease. The next step in this approach is to characterize the specific role of these genes in the disease process. To identify an appropriate molecular target for therapeutic intervention, it may also be necessary to characterize fully the biochemical pathway in which the disease gene functions. Millennium believes that this type of comprehensive commitment to understanding the disease process is essential to realizing the full value of a genetics approach to drug discovery and development. A genetics approach to drug development also may guide more efficient selection of the most appropriate therapeutic modalities by providing significant information about the structure and function of the molecular target for pharmaceutical intervention. These modalities include orally available small molecule drugs, protein therapeutics, antibody therapeutics, gene therapy and antisense drugs. As a result, it is expected that a genetics approach to drug development will be important to both the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Genetics is already affecting the diagnostics industry, providing tests used to identify an individual's predisposition to disease, to guide therapy and to enhance disease management. 2 4 Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics All genetic information in an organism is maintained in chromosomes, which contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA comprises a linear string of four "bases" (known as adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T)), and genetic information is encoded by the specific order (sequence) of the bases within units called genes. An organism's complete set of chromosomes, embodying its entire complement of genes, constitutes the organism's genome. The human genome is estimated to comprise approximately three billion bases and 100,000 genes. The information stored in the DNA of a gene is a set of instructions to living cells of the organism. These instructions direct the cells to synthesize specific proteins such as hormones or enzymes that perform basic biochemical and physiological functions of the cells. Disease may occur when a defect (mutation) in a gene or genes, resulting in incorrect instructions to the cells, disrupts the normal balance or function of these essential proteins. The ability to detect such a mutation and to understand how the disruption of normal protein function contributes to the initiation and progression of the resultant disease are potentially valuable aids to pharmaceutical discovery and development. Many complex physiological processes rely on the interaction of sets of different proteins to perform individual steps of such processes. An error or breakdown in any one of the steps can affect the outcome of the process resulting in a disease condition. Disease occurs when one or more steps in a normal physiological process is upset or blocked. This can occur because of an intrinsic defect, a harmful external stimulus (the environment) or the combination of both. Intrinsic defects arise from mutations in particular genes, affecting the proteins they encode. The study of the inheritance patterns of genes, including disease genes, is the science of genetics. A number of relatively rare diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia, have a genetic basis resulting from a mutation in a single gene (monogenic diseases). The genes responsible for many of these monogenic diseases have been identified over the last decade. In contrast, the genes underlying the major common diseases, including obesity, diabetes, heart disease, asthma, cancer and diseases of the central nervous system, have remained more elusive. These diseases tend to be complex conditions which involve multiple responsible genes (polygenic diseases) and often the interaction of genetic and environmental factors (multifactorial diseases). Understanding the genetic bases of these diseases requires processing, analyzing and interpreting vast amounts of data. Until recently, there have been technological limitations in the requisite information systems, process technologies and laboratory reagents. However, these technological limitations are being addressed by significant advances in information technologies, automated robotics and high-throughput 3 5 screening methods, particularly as part of the Human Genome Project (a worldwide research effort to sequence the entire human genome). Genomics commonly refers to genetic analysis, and even more broadly molecular biology, conducted in a high-throughput, automated environment with high-level computer-supported data analysis and integration. The use of computer-based information systems to assist in the identification, analysis and elucidation of the biological function of genes is referred to as bioinformatics. Many observers of the genomics industry have found it useful to classify genomics companies as either gene mappers or gene sequencers. Gene mappers characteristically use human genetic approaches to isolate single genes that, when defective, cause or predispose individuals to particular diseases. This focused approach identifies specific molecular changes of undisputed importance in disease origins. In contrast, gene sequencers use high-throughput, non-genetic DNA sequencing methodologies to identify large numbers of genes on an essentially random basis. Attempts to associate these genes with specific disease mechanisms occur only subsequently. Both gene mapping and gene sequencing are already making significant contributions to therapeutic and diagnostic discovery and product development in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. The Millennium Strategy The Company's objective is to discover and develop novel, proprietary therapeutic and diagnostic products that address diseases at their root causes. Key elements of Millennium's strategy include: Technology Strategy o Focus on major common diseases that affect millions of individuals and that are underserved by current therapeutic alternatives. o Employ multiple synergistic gene identification approaches -- including gene mapping, gene sequencing and additional approaches -- to optimize the number and relevance of the Company's gene discoveries. o Employ a comprehensive set of bench and computational biology technologies to elucidate the function of the genes discovered by the Company and convert them into useful targets for drug discovery and diagnostic development. Business Strategy o Establish strategic alliances with leading pharmaceutical companies to accelerate product development, regulatory approvals and commercialization and to leverage the Company's technological resources. 4 6 o Diversify business risk by securing multiple strategic alliance partners, thereby minimizing the Company's reliance on any single partner or disease research program while creating several potential royalty and profit-sharing revenue streams. o Minimize operating losses and equity requirements by obtaining from strategic partners substantial payments that are not contingent on the achievement of research and product development milestones. o Create additional business opportunities by retaining significant rights to develop and market certain therapeutic and diagnostic applications of the discoveries the Company makes in its funded strategic alliance research programs. Millennium's Technology Platform Millennium employs a comprehensive genomics approach to disease research with the following three key elements: o Gene Identification -- the use of multiple synergistic techniques, including genetic approaches (human and mouse) and non-genetic approaches to identify disease genes. o Target Validation -- the integrated use of advanced bench and computational biology techniques to elucidate mechanisms of disease initiation and progression, to identify and validate molecular targets for therapeutic intervention and diagnostics, and to develop bioassays and animal models of disease to accelerate product development efforts. o Drug Lead Generation -- the use of high throughput screening and proprietary chemical sources to identify potential drug candidates for optimization and subsequent pre-clinical and clinical development. Millennium conducts its research using high-throughput, automated robotic systems and advanced bioinformatics for data capture, analysis, integration and interpretation. Gene Identification Strategies The Company employs multiple synergistic genetic and non-genetic approaches to disease gene identification. This strategy combines the disease focus of gene mapping with the breadth and rapidity of non-genetic approaches such as gene sequencing. 5 7 Genetic Approaches The Company's genetic approaches to gene identification use a comparative, statistical methodology that correlates disease susceptibility with the inheritance of specific genes. The genomes of individuals with the disease are physically compared with those of unaffected, normal individuals. Given a sufficient number of appropriately selected individuals, a chromosomal region in which a disease gene must reside can be identified. The disease gene of interest is then identified based on this knowledge of its position in the genome, a technique commonly referred to as positional cloning. Millennium uses both human genetics and mouse genetics in its research programs. Human Genetics. The Company bases its human genetics programs on the identification of populations that contain families in which the disease of interest appears to be inherited. For any given disease, the Company assembles multiple family collections from different population structures and genetic backgrounds. To gain access to appropriate populations and to obtain extensive and accurate clinical data, the Company has established collaborations with internationally recognized academic medical centers and leading clinical experts. The Company believes that this "diversified portfolio" approach to human genetics increases the likelihood of rapidly identifying prevalent disease genes and provides a means of independently confirming results found in any single population. For example, in Millennium's type II diabetes program, the Company uses select family collections from homogeneous populations in Scandinavia and Israel and from heterogeneous populations in the United States. Millennium analyzes DNA taken from its sample populations to find linkages, that is, small chromosomal regions with variations shared by those who have the disease and lacking in those who do not. This process, referred to as genotyping, involves the use of genetic markers that serve to identify these variations and define or map the chromosomal position of genes. Millennium has established a set of genetic markers that has been optimized for use in the Company's high-throughput automated genotyping process. Compilation and analysis of the resulting genotypic and clinical data are performed using proprietary and public databases and bioinformatics systems. Millennium has utilized this approach to identify small chromosomal regions inherited by certain individuals with type II diabetes. Once genetic linkage analysis is completed, Millennium employs additional positional cloning techniques to identify the complete DNA sequence of a disease gene. These techniques use the Company's proprietary automated DNA sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools to analyze the linkage regions, identify and analyze all of the genes in the region and compare the DNA sequences of these genes taken from different individuals. The disease gene will show a consistent difference between diseased and healthy individuals. 6 8 Mouse Genetics. Millennium complements its human genetics programs with mouse genetics where appropriate. Many mouse models exist in which genetic defects give rise to conditions comparable or identical to human diseases. Mouse genetics studies offer several significant advantages over human genetics studies, including extensive genetic information relating to the animals; availability of large, multigenerational pedigrees; much shorter generation cycles; and the ability to control both genetic and environmental factors. These advantages provide a more efficient process for positionally cloning disease genes. In addition, many of the steps involved in cloning mouse genes are identical to those pursued in the positional cloning of human disease genes, allowing Millennium to utilize common technology platforms and resources. Millennium's substantial capabilities in mouse genetics enable the Company to identify multiple disease genes simultaneously in several of its disease programs. Millennium has successfully employed its capabilities in mouse genetics to clone the tub gene from an important mouse model of human obesity. See "-- Millennium's Disease Research Programs -- Obesity". Non-Genetic Approaches In addition to its genetic approaches to disease gene identification, the Company employs a variety of non-genetic approaches, including its proprietary rapid analysis of differential gene expression (RADE) technology, additional technologies for monitoring differences in gene expression, large-scale DNA sequencing, and high-throughput expression cloning. These technologies take advantage of the fact that, while all cells of an individual's body contain an identical set of genes, not all of those genes are operative in all cells at all times. When a gene is operative, it produces a protein and is said to be expressed. In order to produce the protein it encodes, the gene is first transcribed into an intermediary molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). Using various molecular biological techniques, researchers are able to reverse transcribe these mRNAs back into complementary DNA (cDNA). A collection of cDNA molecules corresponding to all of the mRNAs expressed in a particular cell type is referred to as a cDNA library. The Company has developed a bank of cDNA libraries and high-throughput methodologies for the isolation of full-length genes from these libraries, which have increased the efficiency of the Company's non-genetic approaches to disease gene identification. Millennium's RADE technology allows the Company to compare patterns of gene expression in cDNA libraries prepared from different tissue samples. For example, a gene that is expressed in the fat cells of an obese mouse but not a thin mouse, or a gene that is expressed at lower levels in cancerous human colon cells than in normal colon cells, is potentially of interest as a disease gene. Similarly, genes that are regulated by specific physiological stimuli, such as increases in serum cholesterol, may be implicated in the initiation or progression of a disease, such as atherosclerosis. Therefore, Millennium has used RADE extensively in many of its disease research programs. More recently, the Company has devoted considerable 7 9 effort to the development of additional technologies for monitoring differences in gene transcription or expression profiles. In addition to RADE and other forms of transcriptional profiling, Millennium employs high-throughput automated cDNA sequencing in a non-random, disease-focused and tissue-selective manner. For example, in the context of its type II diabetes research program, the Company has employed cDNA sequencing extensively to identify candidate disease genes. The Company also uses its sequencing technology in a focused manner to identify genes encoding specific classes of molecules which may serve as suitable candidates for pharmaceutical product development. These include genes encoding secreted hormones and growth factors that represent potential protein therapeutics and genes encoding enzymes and receptors from classes that are known to be good sites of action for orally available small molecule drugs. Millennium also uses techniques, such as expression cloning, to identify unknown genes through detailed knowledge of the proteins they encode. Employing expression cloning, Millennium identified ob-r, the leptin receptor which plays a central role in modulating appetite and body weight. This receptor and other proteins with which it interacts are currently being studied at Millennium and Roche as potential targets for small molecule drug screens. Millennium is currently using expression cloning techniques to identify additional novel drug development targets of functionally proven relevance in its obesity and asthma research programs. Target Validation Once a disease gene has been identified, the Company undertakes further cellular and molecular biology studies to evaluate the gene's specific function in the disease process (target validation). Where the target validation process indicates that the disease gene (or the protein it encodes) may not be practically useful or the most appropriate molecular target for therapeutic intervention or product development, cellular and molecular biology studies may also identify other molecules located in the same biochemical pathway(s) as the disease gene. These other molecules may serve as better molecular targets for drug discovery and therapeutic intervention. In addition, these studies assist in the development of biological materials, reagents, cellular assays and animal models, which are critical to the product development efforts of the Company and its strategic partners. The Company has dedicated a substantial portion of its research and development activities to molecular target validation. The Company has significant cellular and molecular biology capabilities, including (i) bench biology, which involves a wide range of experimental laboratory techniques, and (ii) computational biology, which uses computers to model the structure and predict the function of genes and proteins. 8 10 Bench Biology Millennium's bench biology approaches take advantage of the Company's capabilities in automation and bioinformatics, enabling a high-throughput, comprehensive approach to molecular target validation. These efforts include: (i) comparative profiling of the pattern of disease gene expression in diseased and normal tissues, (ii) identification and elucidation of additional molecules that participate in the same biochemical pathway(s) as the disease genes, (iii) development of cellular and/or animal models of disease, and (iv) development of cellular and/or biochemical assays for screening drug candidates. Tissue Profiling. Millennium has access to well-characterized tissue banks containing normal and diseased tissues for comparative profiling of a disease gene's expression pattern. Such information is of value because selective expression of the disease gene in only the diseased tissue suggests that a therapeutic product that targets the gene is less likely to be active in normal tissue and therefore less likely to have deleterious side effects. The Company has used tissue profiling to characterize disease genes identified in its obesity, atherosclerosis, asthma and oncology research programs. Biochemical Pathways. The experience of the pharmaceutical industry indicates that some classes of molecular targets are more likely than others to yield commercializable therapeutic products. Capitalizing on this experience, Millennium employs a variety of automated approaches to search the biochemical pathways of the disease genes it discovers in order to find the most useful molecular targets. In its obesity research program, the Company is currently evaluating molecular targets found through its analysis of the biochemical pathway in which the tub gene functions. Cellular and Animal Models. Millennium elucidates the physiological function of the disease genes it discovers by manipulating their normal expression levels in cells and animals. This information can be critical to assessing the desirability of a gene as a site for pharmaceutical intervention. The Company has developed various viral-based systems to deliver genes to cells and tissues and also creates animal models with new genes (transgenic mice) or with altered genes (knock-out mice). Millennium is currently using these technologies to confirm the function of disease genes in its obesity, atherosclerosis, asthma and oncology research programs. Bioassays. Millennium's bioassay group synthesizes the results of the foregoing bench biology efforts to create bioassays that can be employed in high-throughput drug screening, whether by the Company or its strategic partners. This represents the culmination of Millennium's distinctive commitment to rapidly convert the Company's gene discoveries into useful targets for drug discovery and pharmaceutical intervention. 9 11 Computational Biology Computational biology comprises a set of sophisticated computer-assisted techniques and algorithms for inferring information about the functional, biological role of a protein directly from the DNA sequence of the gene that encodes it. This ability to bypass and/or direct many of the more time-consuming and arduous steps involved in bench biology can facilitate target validation, thereby accelerating drug development. For example, when Millennium identified the ob-r gene, computational biology techniques rapidly predicted from the gene's DNA sequence that the leptin receptor encoded by the ob-r gene most likely fell within a well-known class of cytokine receptors. This knowledge immediately directed the Company's bench biology group to commence investigations of specific classes of interacting molecules as potential targets for drug screening and to utilize, from among the Company's large panel of biochemical assays, test systems specifically appropriate for cytokine receptors. See "-- Millennium's Disease Research Programs --Obesity". Millennium believes that its computational biology capabilities will be enhanced by the significant growth in publicly accessible DNA sequence databases resulting from governmental, philanthropic and privately funded efforts worldwide, such as the Human Genome Project. Millennium has developed proprietary software to enable its computational biology research group to access and rapidly synthesize information from these public databases. Drug Lead Generation Through its acquisition of ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. ("ChemGenics") on February 10, 1997, the Company acquired significant additional capabilities to move beyond the identification of targets to the screening, identification and qualification of small molecule drug leads. See "-- ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc." Bioinformatics and Automation The Company's genomics approach to molecular genetics requires a broad commitment to developing and implementing advanced bioinformatics and high-throughput automated robotic systems. Millennium's proprietary bioinformatics systems, including software, such as Sequence Explorer, and relational databases, are used to store and analyze the large quantities of information generated in the Company's gene identification and target validation programs. In addition, the Company has developed software to enable efficient access to public biomedical databases and to integrate information contained in these databases with information in Millennium's proprietary databases. Millennium has developed proprietary automated platforms to support its gene identification and target validation technologies. The generation of raw data from genotyping, DNA sequencing, RADE, expression cloning and other gene identification technologies is achieved on fully- or semi-automated robotic platforms. Automated methodologies are further applied to bench biology techniques essential to target validation. 10 12 In addition, Millennium has developed software that manages sample transfer between research project teams and the Company's automated DNA sequencing platform. This software integrates information with the samples and provides instructions to both humans and robots. All DNA sequencing information is transferred to a relational database that organizes the samples and the results of DNA sequencing. Additional software uses feature-recognition analysis to integrate public sequence and biomedical databases with the Company's results and analyses. Millennium's automation and bioinformatics capabilities played a key role in its discovery of the tub gene, identification of the ob-r gene, and other targets which the Company has delivered to its pharmaceutical partners. Millennium's Disease Research Programs Overview The Company's technology platform is broadly applicable to a wide range of diseases. The Company has chosen to focus initially on large medical markets underserved by current therapeutic products. In order to enhance its pharmaceutical product commercialization efforts, the Company has entered into strategic alliances with multinational pharmaceutical partners that have substantial research and development resources, and clinical, regulatory and marketing expertise. The Company's current major research programs include the following disease areas: obesity, type II diabetes, atherosclerosis, inflammatory respiratory diseases, oncology and diseases of the central nervous system. Millennium sponsors a number of research collaborations with leading academic and medical institutions relating to specific disease areas in order to augment the Company's internal research capabilities. Generally, in each collaboration Millennium obtains an option to negotiate an exclusive, worldwide license to the collaborator's rights in any invention resulting from the collaborative research program. Inventions made solely by Millennium scientists in these collaborations are owned exclusively by Millennium. Obesity In the field of obesity, the Company is conducting gene identification and target validation activities and has entered into a strategic alliance with Roche. See "-- Strategic Alliances -- Hoffman-La Roche Inc." Approximately 34 million individuals in the United States may be classified as obese (greater than 20% above ideal body weight). This serious medical condition has limited therapeutic alternatives and can increase the risk of additional serious medical conditions such as coronary heart disease, certain cancers and type II diabetes. Although obesity is a multifactorial disease, studies of identical twins suggest that genetic factors are a principal cause of the disease. 11 13 The Company is currently undertaking several projects in the field of obesity. Millennium has identified three disease genes that have been shown to cause obesity in animal models. Millennium and Roche are currently conducting target identification, validation and development programs with respect to these and other genes. The Company has also identified the gene encoding ob-r, the receptor for the hormone leptin, which is a fundamental regulator of weight and appetite. The Company has cloned another obesity gene, UCPH, that regulates metabolism and energy expenditure. In addition, Millennium has shown that MC4, a G-protein coupled receptor, is an important regulator of body weight. Biological information about the site of action of these key obesity genes in human tissues has been generated by Roche and Millennium. In addition, Millennium is developing novel cellular bioassays for further analysis of the biochemical mechanisms of action of these genes. Millennium is conducting human genetics studies to map and identify genes that underlie susceptibility to obesity. The Company entered into a collaboration with the Medical College of Wisconsin Research Foundation ("MCW") in 1994 and has access through MCW to a database with records covering over 65,000 overweight women. Millennium and MCW jointly are collecting DNA samples and clinical information from over 400 families with a high incidence of obesity identified through the use of this database. Millennium entered into a collaboration with the Harvard School of Public Health in 1996 to obtain access to DNA samples from a study of thousands of obese individuals in the rural Anhui province of China. This collaboration is directed at identifying obese families in this large, homogeneous population. Extreme obesity in China is rare and the Company believes that its access to these samples will facilitate the identification of the genetic components underlying obesity. In July 1996, the Company and Roche announced the acceptance into Roche's small molecule screening program of a target identified by Millennium, an achievement for which Millennium received a milestone fee pursuant to its strategic alliance agreement with Roche. Type II Diabetes In its type II diabetes research program, the Company is principally employing a gene identification strategy based on human genetics and has entered into a strategic alliance with Roche. See "-- Strategic Alliances --Hoffmann-La Roche Inc". Approximately 17 million persons in the United States are affected by type II diabetes, also known as adult-onset or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). This condition is a complex disorder involving a combination of factors, including the inability of certain tissues to respond to insulin and an inability of the pancreas to produce appropriate levels of insulin. Millennium's human genetics studies in type II diabetes are designed to identify disease genes involved in both of 12 14 these disease processes. Studies of identical twins indicate type II diabetes is primarily due to genetic factors. In September 1996, an international consortium of scientists including scientists from the Company published results from the Company's type II diabetes program in the journal Nature Genetics. This paper announced the mapping of a gene, NIDDM2, which may be associated with the development of a form of adult onset diabetes linked to low insulin secretion. In November 1996, the Company and Roche announced the achievement of a research milestone associated with the identification of a gene implicated in the development of type II diabetes. The Company used various family collections from diverse population sources to generate samples for this program. The Company then used positional cloning techniques to detect the presence of a mutation of the gene leading to an association of this gene with the development of type II diabetes. Cardiovascular Disease The Company's research program in cardiovascular disease is part of a strategic alliance with Eli Lilly that includes projects aimed at gene discovery both in atherosclerosis as well as in congestive heart failure. See "--Strategic Alliances -- Eli Lilly and Company." Heart disease has a prevalence in the United States of approximately 18 million individuals and its major cause is atherosclerosis. The risk factors for atherosclerosis include gender, elevated cholesterol levels, smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and severe obesity. Studies indicate that a person's genetic make-up, as indicated by a family history of heart disease, is the single most significant risk factor for early onset of the disease. However, the genetic basis of atherosclerosis remains largely unclear. The Company's program in atherosclerosis utilizes three different approaches to novel gene discovery in atherosclerotic vascular disease: human genetics, mouse genetics and cDNA technologies to identify genes whose patterns of expression correlate with disease processes. Congestive heart failure, an important consequence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, is a challenging area for gene discovery. The Company's program in congestive heart failure will be initiated in the first half of 1997 and will utilize proprietary cDNA technologies at the Company to identify novel genes in critical pathways involved in the transition from healthy to failing myocardium. The human genetics program in atherosclerosis is composed of two projects: GeneQuest, a collaboration with the Cleveland Clinic to identify genes involved in early onset vascular disease through analysis of DNA samples from individuals below age 45 who have established atherosclerosis. Five additional research centers across the U.S. are now part of the collaboration. The Pediatric Lipid Study, a 13 15 collaboration with investigators at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, was initiated to identify single genes responsible for inherited lipid defects in children that promote atherosclerosis in adulthood. The mouse genetics approach focuses on the apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model of atherosclerosis which develops lesions of atherosclerosis which are similar to human lesions. The goal of this project is to identify genes that modify or protect against developing atherosclerosis. In the cDNA discovery area, the Company has used transcriptional profiling approaches to identify novel targets whose expression correlates with processes involved in disease pathology. One approach, in collaboration with investigators at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, has identified a number of novel genes induced in human endothelial cells treated with biomechanical forces that are thought to be atheroprotective. Novel animal models using these genes have been developed to examine their role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. In September 1996, the Company announced the publication in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of a paper describing the discovery of genes that appear to regulate mechanisms that protect blood vessels from the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. As part of the gene discovery program in atherosclerosis, the Company isolated a novel receptor involved in lipid metabolism. In December 1996, the Company announced that this target was ready to move into high throughput screening for drug candidates at Lilly. This marked the achievement of a milestone in the Company's disease program with Lilly pursuant to the strategic alliance agreement with Lilly. At least 5 million Americans suffer from heart failure and an additional 500,000 cases are diagnosed annually. The mortality rate from heart disease is extremely high with few effective therapies available. In the first half of 1997, the Company intends to launch a comprehensive gene discovery effort in congestive heart failure employing multiple cDNA technologies and a variety of cell based and animal models. The goal of the program will be to identify novel genes, whose patterns of expression change dramatically between healthy and diseased conditions in cellular models and animal models of heart muscle cell failure, which may represent potential drug targets. Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases In the field of inflammatory respiratory diseases, the Company is conducting gene identification and target validation activities and has entered into a strategic alliance with Astra. See "-- Strategic Alliances -- Astra AB". 14 16 Asthma affects approximately 12 million individuals in the United States. Current treatments for moderate to severe asthma, while effective in managing symptoms of the disease, are known to have significant side effects over the long term. Although asthma has both genetic and environmental factors, a number of studies have indicated that asthma is substantially attributable to a genetic component. The Company currently is undertaking several projects in the field of inflammatory respiratory diseases, through human and mouse genetics and through cDNA approaches. Millennium's cDNA disease gene identification program extensively employs RADE and expression cloning to identify critical regulatory genes that control harmful immune responses characteristic of inflammatory respiratory diseases, including asthma. Millennium is conducting two human genetics studies to map and identify human genes that underlie susceptibility to asthma. In the first, a collaboration with the Channing Laboratory (a joint laboratory of Harvard Medical School and the Brigham and Women's Hospital), several thousand DNA samples from asthmatic Chinese families have been collected through Channing's relationship with Anhui Medical University, China. These DNA samples are being genotyped. The second study is being conducted in collaboration with the Massachusetts General Hospital. In this study, DNA samples and clinical information are being collected from families with severe pediatric asthma in Northern New England. Millennium is using mouse genetics to identify key genes that control immunological conditions important in inflammatory respiratory diseases, including asthma. Millennium has entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health to analyze the genetics of a strain of mice that exhibits a defect in the pathway that generates normal, mature T-cells, an important component of the body's immune system. Genomic linkage regions have been identified and are being isolated. Several animal disease models expressing physiologic and inflammatory disease markers have been established for use in both gene discovery and gene validation. Oncology In the field of oncology, the Company is conducting gene identification activities related to a variety of cancers, including prostate, breast and colorectal cancer, and for melanoma, and has entered into a strategic alliance with Lilly with respect to select areas within oncology. See "-- Strategic Alliances -- Eli Lilly and Company". Approximately one million new cancer cases are reported in the United States annually. Cancers of all types result in approximately 500,000 deaths in the United States each year, making cancer the second leading cause of death in the United States. In addition to surgery and radiotherapy, there are nearly 50 FDA-approved 15 17 drug therapies for the treatment of a variety of cancers, although many of these therapies have severe adverse side effects. The Company is currently undertaking several projects focusing on the areas of hormone refractory prostate cancer, multi-drug resistant tumors, melanomas and breast cancer using both human genetics and cDNA approaches. Millennium is searching for genetic changes that underlie the progression of human prostate cancer through the use of positional cloning techniques. Further, Millennium is employing its RADE technology and other transcriptional profiling technologies to identify genes that function in the progression of a variety of different types of cancer. Millennium has entered into a collaboration with the University of Michigan to gain access to tumor samples. The Company has identified target candidates in multi-drug resistant tumors. Millennium has also identified genes implicated in the initiation and progression of melanomas. The Company has commenced target validation studies on these genes, including gene transfer into animal models of cancer progression. Diseases of the Central Nervous System In the field of diseases of the central nervous system, Millennium is principally employing human genetics to identify the genes responsible for affective disorders and schizophrenia and has entered into a strategic alliance with AHP. In addition, the Company is using cDNA approaches to identify genes potentially implicated in the initiation and/or progression of generalized depression, epilepsy and neurodegeneration. See "--Strategic Alliances--AHP". Bipolar affective disorder, also known as manic depression, affects approximately 4 million people in the United States, while the related disorder, common depression, may affect up to 13 million persons. Genetic studies suggest that the relative risk to siblings of individuals affected with bipolar affective disorder is increased up to tenfold over siblings in the general population. Schizophrenia is a debilitating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by severe cognitive impairment, which affects approximately 2.5 million persons in the United States. In the area of bipolar affective disorder, Millennium has entered into a collaboration with investigators from the University of California, San Francisco, who have access to clinical samples from an isolated homogeneous population of substantial utility for genetic analysis. Genetic linkages have already been identified using DNA samples from this population. Millennium and its collaborators have initiated positional cloning efforts to identify these disease genes. Collection of DNA samples from affected individuals representing diverse ethnic backgrounds is also underway in the wider United States population. Upon identification of disease-causing genes in the isolated population, this broader, more diverse collection will allow quantification of the contribution of particular genes to the global diseased population. 16 18 In the area of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders, Millennium has entered into a collaboration with a consortium of academic clinicians based at Harvard Medical School and Washington University. These institutions have access to populations of schizophrenia families who have undergone extensive clinical characterization. Significant numbers of DNA samples and clinical information have already been collected. Millennium has initiated genotyping and, simultaneously, the family collection is being expanded by the academic centers. Other Programs In addition to the foregoing disease research programs, Millennium has recently commenced additional research efforts in the fields of osteoporosis and autoimmune diseases. Strategic Alliances In order to accelerate its product development efforts, Millennium has established strategic alliances with Roche in obesity and type II diabetes; Lilly in cardiovascular disease and select areas within oncology; Astra in inflammatory respiratory diseases and AHP in certain disorders of the central nervous system. These alliances are designed to provide the Company with the requisite capital and development and marketing capabilities to commercialize the results of its discovery programs. Each provides significant up-front payments, follow-on fees and research funding which will reduce the Company's overall operating losses and need for additional equity capital. In each of its strategic alliances, Millennium has agreed not to conduct certain research, independently or with any commercial third party, that is in the same field as that covered by the alliance agreement. The Company has retained commercialization rights to certain therapeutic and diagnostic applications of the discoveries resulting from these funded research programs. See "-- Retained Commercialization Rights". The Company intends to pursue further strategic alliances as appropriate. Each of the agreements governing Millennium's strategic alliances is subject to certain contingencies including, in certain instances, early termination rights. Assuming each alliance research program continues for its full five-year term and the Company achieves certain research objectives, the Company expects to receive a total of approximately $260.0 million in up-front and follow-on payments, equity contributions and research funding. Through December 31, 1996, the Company had recognized $62.6 million under these alliances. In the event that specified research, product development and associated regulatory milestones are achieved, the Company's strategic partners will be obligated to make additional milestone payments to the Company. Generally, each of these agreements also entitles the Company to royalties and/or a share of the profits on product sales, which are payable for the longer of the life of the applicable patent or a period of time specified in each agreement. 17 19 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. In March 1994, the Company and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (Nutley, New Jersey) entered into a strategic alliance in the fields of obesity and type II diabetes. Under the terms of a related stock purchase agreement, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. (Basel, Switzerland), an affiliate of Roche, made a $6.0 million equity investment in the Company. Roche has agreed to fund a five-year program of obesity and type II diabetes research by the Company. Payments by Roche to the Company in the form of up-front fees and research funding could total up to $44.5 million if the research program continues for its full five-year term. In the event that specified research, product development and associated regulatory milestones are achieved, Roche will be obligated to make additional milestone payments to the Company. In July 1995 and in January 1996, Roche made research milestone payments to the Company in connection with the discovery of two novel genes associated with obesity. Roche also will be obligated to pay to the Company royalties and/or share profits on the sale of certain therapeutic and/or diagnostic products that may result from the alliance. The agreement provides Roche with exclusive worldwide royalty-bearing rights to develop and commercialize small molecule therapeutics for obesity and type II diabetes based on the Company's gene discoveries. Roche has an exclusive royalty-bearing right to develop and commercialize therapeutic proteins, antisense drugs and gene therapy for obesity and type II diabetes outside of North America. Within North America, Millennium has retained the right to develop and commercialize therapeutic proteins, antisense drugs and gene therapy for obesity and type II diabetes, subject to Roche's right to co-promote such products. In addition, the agreement provides Roche with a worldwide option to develop and commercialize diagnostic products for obesity and/or type II diabetes based on the Company's gene discoveries. Subject to the foregoing rights, the agreement provides that each party will retain ownership of all inventions (and any related patents) made solely by its employees during the course of the arrangement. The agreement with Roche is subject to termination by Roche at any time after the completion of the five-year research program in March 1999 on six months' notice, as well as upon three months' notice upon a sale of majority control of the Company or the sale of all or substantially all of Millennium's assets. Eli Lilly and Company In October 1995, the Company and Eli Lilly and Company entered into a strategic alliance in the field of atherosclerosis (the "Atherosclerosis Agreement") and in March 1996 Millennium and Lilly entered into a strategic alliance in select areas within oncology (the "Oncology Agreement"). Under the terms of the Atherosclerosis Agreement, Lilly made an $8.0 million equity investment in the Company. Lilly also agreed to fund five-year programs of atherosclerosis and cancer research by the Company. Payments by Lilly to the Company in the form of up-front fees and research funding could total up to $61.0 million if both of the research 18 20 programs continue for their full five-year terms. Lilly also may elect to extend the funding of the Company's research in either or both of these fields to up to eight years. In the event that specified research, product development and associated regulatory milestones are achieved, Lilly will be obligated to make additional milestone payments to the Company. Lilly also will be obligated to pay royalties to the Company on the sale of certain therapeutic products that may result from the alliance. Each of the agreements provides Lilly with exclusive worldwide royalty-bearing rights to develop and commercialize small molecule drugs and therapeutic proteins and co-exclusive rights to develop and commercialize gene therapy products for atherosclerosis or cancer based on the Company's gene discoveries. Millennium has retained exclusive rights to all antisense drug applications arising from the strategic alliance research programs. Lilly has granted the Company non-exclusive rights to use select combinatorial chemistry libraries and high-throughput screening technologies controlled by Lilly to conduct a limited number of screens with the Company's targets to identify product candidates for medical indications other than specific medical indications designated by Lilly as being of strategic importance. The Company has exclusive worldwide rights to develop and commercialize such product candidates. The Company will be obligated to pay Lilly royalties on the sale of products identified by the Company using Lilly's combinatorial chemistry libraries. The Company also has granted Lilly a non-exclusive right to use certain genomics technologies. Subject to the foregoing rights, the agreements provide that each party will retain ownership of all inventions (and any related patents) made solely by its employees during the course of the arrangement. Lilly has the right at any time after October 1998 to terminate the Atherosclerosis Agreement and at any time after April 1999 to terminate the Oncology Agreement, in each case on 90 days' notice and with continuation of research funding for one year provided that Millennium has met specified performance criteria. Lilly has the right to terminate its research funding obligations under each agreement under various circumstances, including the failure by Millennium to achieve specified research objectives, the termination of the employment of two or more specified employees of the Company without replacement reasonably acceptable to Lilly and the acquisition of majority control of the Company by a competitor of Lilly. Astra AB In December 1995, the Company and Astra AB entered into a strategic alliance in the field of inflammatory respiratory diseases. Astra has agreed to fund a five-year program of inflammatory respiratory diseases research by the Company. Payments by Astra to the Company for up-front, follow-on fees and research funding could total up to approximately $53.3 million if the research program continues for its full five-year term and the Company achieves specified research objectives. Astra has 19 21 the right to terminate the funded research program in early 1999 in the event that Millennium fails to achieve these objectives. Astra may elect to extend its funding of the Company's research in this field to seven years. In the event that additional specified research, product development and regulatory milestones are achieved, Astra is obligated to make additional milestone payments to the Company. Astra also will be obligated to pay to the Company royalties based on the sale of certain therapeutic products that may result from the alliance. The agreement provides Astra with exclusive worldwide royalty-bearing rights to develop and commercialize small molecule drugs in the inflammatory respiratory diseases field based on the Company's gene discoveries. Millennium and Astra have agreed to explore opportunities to jointly develop and commercialize therapeutic proteins in the field of inflammatory respiratory diseases. In the absence of an agreement on joint development, Astra has exclusive worldwide rights for therapeutic proteins in the field of inflammatory respiratory diseases delivered by oral inhalation or nasal administration. Millennium and Astra also have agreed to explore opportunities to jointly develop and commercialize antisense drugs. In the absence of an agreement on joint development, Astra has exclusive worldwide rights in the field of inflammatory respiratory diseases for antisense drugs delivered by oral inhalation or nasal administration, as well as co-exclusive worldwide rights in such field for antisense drugs not delivered by oral inhalation or nasal administration. The Company also has granted Astra a non-exclusive right to use certain genomics technologies. Millennium has retained exclusive rights to all gene therapy applications arising from the strategic alliance research program. Subject to the foregoing rights, the agreement provides that each party will retain ownership of all inventions (and any related patents) made solely by its employees during the course of the arrangement. American Home Products In July 1996, the Company entered into a strategic alliance with American Home Products Corporation to discover and develop targets and assays to identify small molecule drugs and vaccines for treatment and prevention of disorders of the central nervous system. Payments by AHP to the Company for up-front fees and research funding could total up to approximately $90.0 million if the research program continues for its full seven year period and the Company achieves specified research objectives. In the event that specified research, product development and associated regulatory milestones are achieved, AHP will be obligated to make milestone payments. The strategic alliance with AHP consists of three major components, central nervous system ("CNS") disease drug discovery research, bioinformatics technology and support, and technology exchange. The Company will initially focus the CNS drug discovery research program on psychiatric disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia with future 20 22 programs envisioned in additional CNS disorders of high unmet medical need, such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, substance abuse and epilepsy. The Wyeth-Ayerst division of AHP will be responsible for the worldwide development and marketing of small molecule drugs and vaccines arising from the collaboration for the prevention and treatment of CNS diseases and disorders. The Company will retain primary responsibilities for the worldwide development and marketing of antisense drugs and prognostic and diagnostic products and services arising from the collaboration. The companies will explore further opportunities for the joint development of non-vaccine therapeutic proteins and gene therapy products identified in the research program. Through the bioinformatics technology and support program, the Company will transfer certain proprietary data processing and analysis tools to AHP. These tools, once installed and accepted by AHP, will be supported on an ongoing basis by the Company. Additional enhancements to the software platforms will be made by the Company as appropriate. Through the technology exchange program, the Company will provide its proprietary RADE technology and additional transcriptional profiling technologies to AHP in exchange for access to small molecule compound libraries owned by AHP. Retained Commercialization Rights The Company has retained a broad range of rights to commercialize certain therapeutic and diagnostic applications of the discoveries resulting from the research programs funded by its strategic partners. The Company's retained commercialization rights fall broadly into three categories -- diagnostics, small molecule drugs and biologics (therapeutic proteins, antibody therapeutics, gene therapy and antisense drugs). The Company currently is at an early stage of formulating strategies and assembling the resources and capabilities necessary to commercialize these rights, and is assessing its alternatives including, among others, joint ventures, acquisitions and strategic collaborations. The Company intends to seek to retain similar rights in any future strategic alliances. Diagnostics Generally, diagnostic products and services have shorter product development and regulatory approval time than therapeutic products. Therefore, Millennium believes that the first commercial opportunity to arise from its disease research programs is likely to be realized in the area of diagnostics. The current major uses of genetic diagnostics are for carrier testing (in prospective parents) and prenatal screening (for severe genetic defects in fetuses). The Company believes that three additional diagnostic applications, predispositional testing, differential diagnosis and pharmacogenetics, may represent significant commercial opportunities. 21 23 Predispositional testing is expected to detect genetic mutations that predispose an individual to disease. In conjunction with preventive medicines, early intervention therapeutics and lifestyle modifications, predispositional testing may significantly decrease disease occurrence, disease severity and the cost of disease treatment and management. Differential diagnosis will enable differentiation among diseases which share clinical characteristics but differ at the level of underlying biological mechanism. Successful implementation of differential diagnostic testing will guide the prescription of medicines appropriate to the underlying cause of clinically indistinguishable conditions. The Company believes that differential diagnosis also may be used for patient selection in connection with clinical trials of new candidate therapeutic agents. Pharmacogenetics assays will be used to identify the genetic basis of an individual's response to specific drugs. The Company believes that pharmacogenetic testing may prove especially valuable in connection with the registration, administration and modification of therapies of known efficacy which have toxic side effects in a small group of patients. Millennium has retained the right to develop and market all diagnostic products and services resulting from the research programs conducted under the Lilly, Astra and AHP strategic alliances. In connection with its genomics research efforts, the Company has assembled significant resources and expertise in several technological areas relevant to diagnostic medicine, such as RADE, transcriptional profiling, gene mutation detection and analysis, tissue profiling, automation and bioinformatics. The Company is exploring the potential for strategic collaborations with a range of industry participants, including diagnostic companies, clinical and reference laboratories, clinical research organizations, technology developers, health management organizations and pharmacy benefit managers. Small Molecule Drugs Small molecule drugs are the mainstay of the traditional pharmaceutical industry. Characteristically amenable to formulation for oral administration, they are particularly appropriate for the treatment of chronic diseases that often require the daily administration of medications over many years. Millennium believes that small molecule drugs will continue to be an important therapeutic modality and business opportunity. In each of its strategic alliances, Millennium has retained the co-exclusive right to use the molecular targets that result from the funded research programs to identify and develop small molecule drugs to treat medical indications that fall outside of the field(s) covered by the alliance from which the target originated. The Company has obtained certain rights to use high-throughput drug screening and combinational chemistry library technologies from Lilly. See "-- Strategic Alliances -- Eli Lilly and Company". 22 24 The Company has retained certain rights to screen against small molecule compound libraries owned by AHP as part of its technology exchange program with AHP. See " -- Strategic Alliances-American Home Products." In part to capitalize on its retained rights in the area of small molecule drugs, in early 1997 the Company acquired ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. See "-- ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc." Biologics (Therapeutic Proteins, Therapeutic Antibodies, Gene Therapy and Antisense Drugs) The biotechnology industry has been built largely on the successful development and commercialization of therapeutic proteins and therapeutic antibodies. More recently, the industry has focused resources on the development of gene therapy (the direct delivery of genes rather than the proteins they encode) and antisense drugs (nucleic acid-based drugs that interfere with the ability of genes to function properly). These biologics may offer significant commercial opportunities particularly in "niche" medical indications. In its strategic alliances, the Company has retained specific exclusive and co-exclusive rights to develop and market therapeutic proteins and antibodies, gene therapy and antisense drugs. See "-- Strategic Alliances". The Company also has an internal program to identify genes encoding potential therapeutic proteins. ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. On February 10, 1997, Millennium acquired ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. ("ChemGenics"), for approximately 4,800,000 shares of Millennium's Common Stock. In addition, a principal shareholder of ChemGenics received $4.0 million in settlement of a promissory note and the repurchase of warrants previously issued by ChemGenics. ChemGenics, incorporated in 1992 and located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is a development stage company engaged in antifungal and antibacterial drug discovery. Reasons for Acquisition. The Company acquired ChemGenics in order to obtain capabilities that are complementary or synergistic to those already existing at the Company and to broaden the commercial and scientific scope of the Company. Key factors in the Company's decision to acquire ChemGenics included the following: Drug Lead Discovery. ChemGenics brings to the Company small molecule drug candidate screening capabilities that the Company expects will enable it to forward integrate into the development of small molecule drug leads in all of the areas where the Company has retained rights. 23 25 Proprietary Drug Source. ChemGenics has a proprietary natural products drug source as well as access to compound libraries through its corporate alliances. These resources complement the combinatorial and pharmaceutical compound libraries the Company has accessed through its collaborations with Lilly and AHP. Broadened Scope of Research Programs. The acquisition of ChemGenics broadens the scope of the Company's therapeutic research to include anti-infectives, including antibacterial and antifungal discovery programs. Gene and Drug Target Discovery. ChemGenics' microbial genetics technologies have applications in gene and target discovery across all disease states. These applications complement the Company's expertise in human and mouse genetics and the Company expects that these applications will enhance the Company's ability to identify genes, elucidate valuable drug targets and configure drug screening assays. Drug Discovery Technology Relationships. In 1996, ChemGenics entered into agreements with PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. ("PerSeptive") through which it acquired assets and a royalty-free, worldwide licenses to present and future technology of PerSeptive for application in drug discovery. The Company plans to utilize and further develop the technologies obtained through the agreement with PerSeptive both separately and in conjunction with complementary technologies obtained by the Company in strategic alliances through relationships with other companies. Expanded Strategic Collaborations. In January 1995, ChemGenics entered into a strategic collaboration with Pfizer Inc. ("Pfizer") for the discovery of novel drug leads for treating human fungal infections, which could provide over $50 million in equity, research funding and development milestone payments, plus potential royalties. In December 1996, ChemGenics entered into a strategic collaboration with Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, the pharmaceutical division of American Home Products Corporation ("Wyeth-Ayerst") for the discovery of novel drug leads for treating human bacterial infections, which could provide up to $70 million in equity, research funding and development milestone payments, plus potential royalties. Retained Commercial Rights and Other Research Programs. In it agreements with its various corporate partners, ChemGenics has retained some specific product development and commercialization rights. Within the anti-microbial agreement with AHP, ChemGenics has retained rights to develop and commercialize products for the prevention and treatment of infection by the organism Helicobacter pylori. In addition, in both the Pfizer and Wyeth agreements ChemGenics has retained significant rights to develop plant agriculture products, diagnostic and prognostic products and to develop and commercialize further applications of all its proprietary technologies. Overview of ChemGenics ChemGenics is a drug discovery company that applies its two complementary technology platforms, Drug Discovery Genomics and Advanced Drug Selection 24 26 Technologies, to key rate limiting steps in identifying new drugs. These rate limiting steps are the translation of genomic information into novel drug targets and the selection and identification from sources of chemical diversity of drug leads that interact with drug targets. ChemGenics' Drug Discovery Genomics platform includes proprietary gene technologies and expertise in microbial model systems used to determine the function of genes and to prioritize drug targets. ChemGenics' Advanced Drug Selection Technologies combine the steps of drug screening, chemical selection and structural analysis into an integrated process designed to identify drug leads faster than conventional methods. These technology platforms are used with ChemGenics' growing drug source of 50,000 chemical-producing fungi collected worldwide. Current rate limiting steps in drug discovery provide opportunities for innovative technologies that can increase the speed, efficiency and productivity of this process. A significant rate limiting step is the translation of genomic information into novel drug targets. A second significant rate limiting step is separation and identification of drug leads from large sources of chemical diversity. Advances in combinatorial chemistry and other drug sourcing technologies have expanded the size and diversity of chemical libraries, but separation and identification of individual drug leads remain time consuming and expensive. ChemGenics has designed its Drug Discovery Genomics and Advanced Drug Selection Technologies to integrate the process of drug target and drug lead discovery to enhance speed, efficiency and productivity. ChemGenics' Drug Discovery Genomics platform encompasses proprietary gene technologies and expertise in microbial model systems and is applied to gene discovery, determination of gene function, selection of drug targets, configuration of drug screens and genetic manipulation of fungi to produce its novel drug source. ChemGenics believes that model organisms, such as its microbial systems, offer solutions to translate efficiently genes and genomic information into novel drug targets. ChemGenics seeks to translate genomic information into useful drug targets by identifying essential genes for cell function, using fungal homologs of human disease genes and measuring expression levels of genes in model organisms to determine the function of unknown microbial and human genes. ChemGenics is applying its Drug Discovery Genomics platform to the discovery of both anti-infective drugs and drugs targeting other human diseases. ChemGenics' Advanced Drug Selection Technologies are designed to select drug leads rapidly and cost effectively from large, complex chemical mixtures by combining drug screening and chemical and structural analysis into a single flow-through process. These technologies are supported and enhanced by miniaturization, high throughput screening, automation and informatics. ChemGenics has 25 27 demonstrated that its Advanced Drug Selection Technologies are highly sensitive and capable of identifying drug leads that cannot readily be found using conventional methods and permit the direct quantification and prioritization of drug leads. ChemGenics believes that the technology it acquired form PerSeptive has enhanced its Advanced Drug Selection Technologies platform. ChemGenics has assembled a large, diverse and productive collection of over 50,000 fungi as a drug source. ChemGenics has developed proprietary BioCombinatorial methods of genetically manipulating these fungi to enhance their chemical diversity. ChemGenics has also developed a proprietary, informatics-based index to its fungal chemical source, referred to as QuickScan, that has been used to increase the speed of identifying natural product drug leads by five- to ten-fold compared to previous methods used by ChemGenics. Research and Development The Company's total research and development expenses were $10,990,000, $17,838,000 and $34,803,000 for 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Collaborative research and development revenues totalled $7,963,000, $22,880,000, $31,764,000 in 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Patents and Proprietary Rights As of March 1, 1997, Millennium and ChemGenics had more than 100 pending U.S. and international patent applications and two issued U.S. patents. The Company seeks United States and international patent protection for the drug leads and genes it discovers, as well as therapeutic and diagnostic products and processes, drug screening methodologies, transgenic animals and other inventions based on such drug leads or genes. The Company's commercial success will depend in part on obtaining such patent protection. The Company also intends to seek patent protection or rely upon trade secret rights to protect certain other technologies which may be used to discover and characterize drug leads, genes and proteins and which may be used to develop novel therapeutic and diagnostic products processes. The patent positions of pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, including Millennium, are generally uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. There can be no assurance that any of the Company's pending patent applications will result in issued patents, that the Company will develop additional proprietary technologies that are patentable, that any patents issued to the Company or its strategic partners will provide a basis for commercially viable products or will provide the Company with any competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties, or that the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on the ability of the Company to do business. In addition, patent law relating to the scope of claims in the technology fields in which the Company operates is still evolving. The degree of future protection for the Company's proprietary rights, therefore, is uncertain. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that others will not 26 28 independently develop similar or alternative technologies, duplicate any of the Company's technologies, or, if patents are issued to the Company, design around the patented technologies developed by the Company. In addition, the Company could incur substantial costs in litigation if it is required to defend itself in patent suits brought by third parties or if it initiates such suits. The Company has applied for patent protection for novel genes, partial gene sequences ("ESTs") of novel genes and novel uses for known genes identified through its research programs. There is substantial uncertainty regarding the patentability of ESTs or full-length genes absent data demonstrating functional relevance. Based on recent technological advances in gene sequencing technology, a number of groups other than the Company are attempting to rapidly identify ESTs and full-length genes, whose functions have not been characterized. Washington University, for example, is currently identifying ESTs through partial sequencing pursuant to funding provided by Merck & Co., Inc., and depositing the ESTs identified in a public database. The public availability of EST information prior to the time the Company applies for patent protection on a corresponding full-length gene could adversely affect the Company's ability to obtain patent protection with respect to such gene. The Company routinely conducts searches of publicly available databases to determine whether other parties have previously cloned ESTs corresponding to the various ESTs and full-length genes discovered by the Company. To the extent any patents issue to other parties on such partial or full-length genes, the risk increases that the potential products and processes of the Company or its strategic partners may give rise to claims of patent infringement. Others may have filed and in the future are likely to file patent applications covering genes or gene products that are similar or identical to those of the Company. No assurance can be given that any such patent application will not have priority over patent applications filed by the Company. Any legal action against the Company or its strategic partners claiming damages and seeking to enjoin commercial activities relating to the affected products and processes could, in addition to subjecting the Company to potential liability for damages, require the Company or its strategic partner to obtain a license in order to continue to manufacture or market the affected products and processes. There can be no assurance that the Company or its strategic partners would prevail in any such action or that any license required under any such patent would be made available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. The Company believes that there may be significant litigation in the industry regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. If the Company becomes involved in such litigation, it could consume a substantial portion of the Company's managerial and financial resources. There is substantial uncertainty concerning whether human clinical data will be required for issuance of patents for human therapeutics. If such data is required, the Company's ability to obtain patent protection could be delayed or otherwise adversely affected. Although the United States Patent and Trademark Office ("USPTO") issued new utility guidelines in July 1995 that address the requirements 27 29 for demonstrating utility for biotechnology inventions, particularly for inventions relating to human therapeutics, there can be no assurance that USPTO examiners will follow such guidelines or that the USPTO's position will not change with respect to what is required to establish utility for gene sequences and products and methods based on such sequences. Prior to the time that the Company filed its patent application covering ob-r, a third party, Progenitor Inc. ("Progenitor"), filed a patent application disclosing DNA sequences that encode shorter forms of leptin receptors and describing a potential role for such receptors in cell proliferative disorders such as cancers and leukemias. Although the Company believes that the patent application filed by Progenitor does not describe the Company's ob-r, or the role of any receptor in body weight regulation or obesity control, there can be no assurance that such patent application, or additional patent applications if filed by others, will not result in issued patents covering ob-r or specific fragments of the ob-r gene. The Company relies upon trade secret protection for its confidential and proprietary information. The Company believes that it has developed proprietary technology for use in gene discovery, including proprietary genetic marker sets, proprietary software (including proprietary software for DNA sequence analysis and laboratory automation) and an integrated bioinformatics system. The Company has not sought patent protection for these technologies. In addition, the Company has developed a database of proprietary gene sequences which it updates on an ongoing basis. The Company has taken security measures to protect its data and continues to explore ways to further enhance the security for its data. There can be no assurance, however, that such measures will provide adequate protection for the Company's trade secrets or other proprietary information. While the Company requires employees, academic collaborators and consultants to enter into confidentiality agreements, there can be no assurance that proprietary information will not be disclosed, that others will not independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise gain access to the Company's trade secrets or disclose such technology, or that the Company can meaningfully protect its trade secrets. The Company's academic collaborators have certain rights to publish data and information in which the Company has rights. While the Company believes that the limitations on publication of data developed by its collaborators pursuant to its collaboration agreements will be sufficient to permit the Company to apply for patent protection on genes in which it is interested in pursuing further research, there is considerable pressure on academic institutions to publish discoveries in the genetics and genomics fields. There can be no assurance that such publication would not affect the Company's ability to obtain patent protection for some genes in which it may have an interest. The Company is a party to various license agreements which give it rights to use certain technologies in its research and development processes. There can be no 28 30 assurance that the Company will be able to continue to license such technology on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Failure by the Company to maintain rights to such technology could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Government Regulation Prior to marketing, any new drug developed by the Company and its strategic partners must undergo an extensive regulatory approval process in the United States and other countries. This regulatory process, which includes preclinical studies and clinical trials, and may include post-marketing surveillance, of each compound to establish its safety and efficacy, can take many years and require the expenditure of substantial resources. Data obtained from preclinical studies and clinical trials are susceptible to varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. The rate of completion of clinical trials is dependent upon, among other factors, the enrollment of patients. Patient accrual is a function of many factors, including the size of the patient population, the proximity of patients to clinical sites, the eligibility criteria for the study and the existence of competitive clinical trials. Delays in planned patient enrollment in clinical trials may result in increased costs, program delays or both, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company. Delays or rejections may also be encountered based upon changes in United States Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") policies for drug approval during the period of product development and FDA regulatory review of each submitted new drug application ("NDA") in the case of new pharmaceutical agents, or product license application ("PLA") in the case of biologics. Similar delays also may be encountered in the regulatory approval of any diagnostic product and in obtaining regulatory approval in foreign countries. Under current guidelines, proposals to conduct clinical research involving gene therapy at institutions supported by the National Institutes of Health ("NIH") must be approved by the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee ("RAC") and the NIH. There can be no assurance that regulatory approval will be obtained for any drugs or diagnostic products developed by the Company or its strategic partners. Furthermore, regulatory approval may entail limitations on the indicated use of a drug. Because certain of the products likely to result from the Company's disease research programs involve the application of new technologies and may be based upon a new therapeutic approach, such products may be subject to substantial additional review by various government regulatory authorities and, as a result, regulatory approvals may be obtained more slowly than for products using more conventional technologies. Even if regulatory approval is obtained, a marketed product and its manufacturer are subject to continuing review. Discovery of previously unknown problems with a product may have adverse effects on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations, including withdrawal of the product from the market. Violations of regulatory requirements at any stage, including preclinical studies and clinical trials, the approval process or post-approval, may result in various adverse consequences to the Company, including the FDA's delay in 29 31 approval or refusal to approve a product, withdrawal of an approved product from the market or the imposition of criminal penalties against the manufacturer and NDA or PLA holder. The Company has not submitted an investigational new drug application ("IND") for any product candidate, and no product candidate has been approved for commercialization in the United, States or elsewhere. The Company intends to rely on its strategic partners to file INDs and generally direct the regulatory approval process. No assurance can be given that the Company or any of its strategic partners will be able to conduct clinical testing or obtain the necessary approvals from the FDA or other regulatory authorities for any products. Failure to obtain required governmental approvals will delay or preclude the Company's strategic partners from marketing drugs or diagnostic products developed by the Company or limit the commercial use of such products and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. The Company's research and development activities involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals and various radioactive materials. The Company is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, storage, handling and disposal of such materials and certain waste products. Although the Company believes that its safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials comply with the standards prescribed by federal, state and local laws and regulations, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of such an accident, the Company could be held liable for any damages that result and any liability could exceed the resources of the Company. Competition Millennium faces, and will continue to face, intense competition from organizations such as large pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and diagnostic companies, as well as academic and research institutions and government agencies. The Company is subject to significant competition from organizations that are pursuing the same or similar technologies as those which constitute the Company's technology platform and from organizations that are pursuing pharmaceutical or diagnostic products that are competitive with the Company's potential products. Most of the organizations competing with the Company have greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities, and greater experience in drug discovery and development, obtaining regulatory approval and pharmaceutical product manufacturing and marketing capabilities than the Company. In addition, research in the field of genomics is highly competitive. Competitors of the Company in the genomics area include, among others, public companies such as Genome Therapeutics Corporation, Genset, Human Genome Sciences, Inc., Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Myriad Genetics, Inc. and Sequana Therapeutics, Inc., as well as private companies and major pharmaceutical companies. Universities and other research institutions, including those receiving funding from 30 32 the federally funded Human Genome Project, also compete with Millennium. A number of entities are attempting to rapidly identify and patent randomly sequenced genes and gene fragments, typically without specific knowledge of the function of such genes or gene fragments. In addition, certain other entities are pursuing a gene identification, characterization and product development strategy based on positional cloning. The Company's competitors may discover, characterize or develop important genes in advance of Millennium, which could have a material adverse effect on any related Millennium disease research program. The Company also faces competition from these and other entities in gaining access to DNA samples used in its research and development projects. The Company expects competition to intensify in genomics research as technical advances in the field are made and become more widely known. The Company relies on its strategic partners for support in its disease research programs and intends to rely on its strategic partners for preclinical evaluation and clinical development of its potential products and manufacturing and marketing of any products. Each of the Company's strategic partners is conducting multiple product development efforts within each disease area that is the subject of its strategic alliance with the Company. For example, Roche, with whom the Company is collaborating in the field of obesity, currently has a product for the treatment of obesity in late stage clinical trials. Generally, the Company's strategic alliance agreements do not restrict the strategic partner from pursuing competing development efforts. Any product candidate of the Company, therefore, may be subject to competition with a potential product under development by a strategic partner. Employees As of March 1, 1997, the Company had 359 full-time employees, of whom 116 hold Ph.D. or M.D. degrees and 88 hold other advanced degrees. Of the Company's total workforce, 305 are engaged in research and development activities and 54 are engaged in business development, finance and administration. The Company currently plans to hire approximately 140 additional employees by the end of 1997. Factors that May Effect Results This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words "believes", "anticipates", "plans", "expects", "intends", and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause the Company's actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. Those factors include, without limitation, those set forth below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 31 33 Uncertainties Relating to Technological Approaches of the Company. To date, the Company has not developed or commercialized any products based on its technological approaches. There can be no assurance that these approaches will enable the Company to successfully identify and characterize genes that predispose individuals to the diseases that are the principal focus of its disease research programs or to use any resulting information to develop molecular targets of utility for pharmaceutical product development. The Company's lead programs and development focus are primarily directed to complex polygenic and multifactorial diseases. There is limited scientific understanding generally relating to the role of genes in these diseases and relatively few products based on gene discoveries have been developed and commercialized. Accordingly, even if the Company is successful in identifying genes associated with specific diseases, there can be no assurance that its gene discoveries will lead to the development of therapeutic and diagnostic products. History of Operating Losses; Anticipation of Future Losses. As of December 31, 1996, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $18,144,000. Even if the Company succeeds in developing a commercial product, the Company expects to incur losses for at least the next several years and that such losses will increase as the Company expands its research and development activities. To achieve profitability, the Company, alone or with others, must successfully discover genes associated with particular diseases and, thereafter, utilize such discoveries to develop products, conduct clinical trials, obtain required regulatory approvals and successfully manufacture, introduce and market such products. The time required to reach commercial revenue and profitability is highly uncertain and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve any such revenue and profitability on a sustained basis, if at all. Future Capital Requirements; Uncertainty of Additional Funding. The Company's comprehensive technological approach to developing products through the application of genomics has required that Millennium establish a substantial scientific infrastructure. The Company has consumed substantial amounts of cash to date and expects capital and operating expenditures to increase over the next several years as it expands its infrastructure and its research and development activities. In the event that adequate funds are not available, the Company's business would be adversely affected. Reliance on Strategic Partners. The Company's strategy for development and commercialization of diagnostic and therapeutic products based upon its gene discoveries depends upon the formation of various strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. The Company has entered into strategic alliances with Astra, Eli Lilly, Roche and Wyeth-Ayerst. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to establish additional strategic alliance or licensing arrangements, that any such arrangements or licenses will be on terms favorable to the Company, or that the current or any future strategic alliances or licensing arrangements ultimately will be successful. All of the Company's strategic alliance agreements are subject to 32 34 termination under various circumstances. If any of the Company's strategic partners were to breach or terminate its agreement with the Company or otherwise fail to conduct its collaborative activities successfully in a timely manner, such delay or termination could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Intense Competition. Millennium faces, and will continue to face, intense competition from organizations such as large pharmaceutical, biotechnology and diagnostic companies, as well as academic and research institutions and government agencies. The Company is subject to significant competition from organizations that are pursuing the same or similar technologies as those which constitute the Company's technology platform and from organizations that are pursuing pharmaceutical or diagnostic products that are competitive with the Company's potential products. Most of the organizations competing with the Company have greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities, and greater experience in drug discovery and development, obtaining regulatory approvals and pharmaceutical product manufacturing and greater marketing capabilities than the Company. Each of the Company's strategic partners is conducting multiple product development efforts within each disease area that is the subject of its strategic alliance with the Company. Generally, the Company's strategic alliance agreements do not restrict the strategic partner from pursuing competing development efforts. Any product candidate of the Company, therefore, may be subject to competition with a potential product under development by a strategic partner. Patents and Proprietary Rights; Third Party Rights. The Company's commercial success will depend in part on obtaining patent protection on gene discoveries and on products, methods and services based on such discoveries. The Company has more than 100 pending U.S. and international patent applications and has two issued U.S. patents. There can be no assurance that any of the Company's pending patent applications will result in issued patents, that the Company will develop additional proprietary technologies that are patentable, that any patents issued to the Company or its strategic partners will provide a basis for commercially viable products or will provide the Company with any competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties, or that the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on the ability of the Company to do business. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar or alternative technologies, duplicate any of the Company's technologies, or, if patents are issued to the Company, design around the patented technologies developed by the Company. In addition, the Company could incur substantial costs in litigation if it is required to defend itself in patent suits brought by third parties or if it initiates such suits. Prior to the time that the Company filed its patent application covering ob-r, Progenitor filed a patent application disclosing DNA sequences that encode shorter forms of leptin receptors and describing a potential role for such receptors in cell proliferative disorders such as cancers and leukemias. Although the Company believes that the patent application filed by Progenitor does not describe the 33 35 Company's ob-r, or the role of any receptor in body weight regulation or obesity control, there can be no assurance that such patent application, or additional patent applications if filed by others, will not result in issued patents covering ob-r or specific fragments of the ob-r gene. Government Regulation; No Assurance of Regulatory Approval. Prior to marketing, any new drug developed by the Company and its strategic partners must undergo an extensive regulatory approval process in the United States and other countries. This regulatory process can take many years and require the expenditure of substantial resources. There can be no assurance that regulatory approval will be obtained for any drugs or diagnostic products developed by the Company or its strategic partners. Failure to obtain required governmental approvals will delay or preclude the Company's strategic partners from marketing drugs or diagnostic products developed by the Company or limit the commercial use of such products and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Attraction and Retention of Key Employees. The Company is highly dependent on the principal members of its management and scientific staff. The loss of services of any of these personnel could impede significantly the achievement of the Company's development objectives. Furthermore, recruiting and retaining qualified scientific personnel to perform research and development work in the future will also be critical to the Company's success. There is intense competition among pharmaceutical and health care companies, universities and nonprofit research institutions for experienced scientists, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to attract and retain personnel on acceptable terms. Pursuant to the Lilly strategic alliance agreements in the atherosclerosis and oncology fields, Lilly has the right to suspend funded research programs under these agreements upon the termination of the employment of two or more specified employees of the Company without replacement reasonably acceptable to Lilly. Expansion of Operations; Management of Growth. The Company recently has significantly increased the scale of its operations to support the expansion of its disease research programs and its strategic alliances including the acquisition, in February 1997, of ChemGenics. See "-- ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc." The increase has included the hiring of a significant number of additional personnel. The Company currently employs approximately 359 persons and plans to hire approximately 140 additional employees in 1997. The resulting growth in personnel and facilities could place significant strains on the Company's management, operations and systems. Dependence on Research Collaborators and Scientific Advisors. The Company has relationships with collaborators at academic and other institutions who conduct research at the Company's request, particularly with respect to the Company's human genetics programs. All of Millennium's consultants are employed by employers other than the Company and may have commitments to, or consulting or advisory 34 36 contracts with, other entities that may limit their availability to the Company. As a result, the Company has limited control over their activities and, except as otherwise required by its collaboration and consulting agreements, can expect only limited amounts of their time to be dedicated to the Company's activities. The Company's ability to discover genes involved in human disease and commercialize products based on those discoveries may depend in part on continued collaborations with researchers at academic and other institutions. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to negotiate additional acceptable collaborations with collaborators as academic and other institutions or that its existing collaborations will be successful. Product Liability Exposure. Clinical trials, manufacturing, marketing and sale of any of the Company's or its strategic partners' potential pharmaceutical products may expose the Company to liability claims from the use of such pharmaceutical products. The Company currently does not carry product liability insurance. There can be no assurance that the Company or its strategic partners will be able to obtain such insurance or, if obtained, that sufficient coverage can be acquired at a reasonable cost. An inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or otherwise to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of pharmaceutical products developed by the Company or its strategic partners. A product liability claim or recall could have a material adverse effect on the business or financial condition of the Company. While under certain circumstances the Company is entitled to be indemnified against losses by its strategic partners, there can be no assurance that this indemnification would be available or adequate should any such claim arise. Item 2. PROPERTIES The Company's facilities currently consist of approximately 70,000 square feet of office and research space and a 9,000 square foot animal facility located at 640 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts pursuant to a lease which expires in 2003, approximately 40,000 square feet of office and research space located at Fort Washington Park, Cambridge, Massachusetts pursuant to a lease which expire in 1999, and approximately 11,500 square feet of office and research space at One Kendall Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts pursuant to a lease which expires in 2003. Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The Company is not a party to any legal proceedings. Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders of the Company, through solicitation of proxies or otherwise, during the last quarter of the year ended December 31, 1996. 35 37 EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions of the executive officers of the Company. Name Age Position ---- --- -------- Mark J. Levin 46 Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Director Steven H. Holtzman 43 Chief Business Officer Frank D. Lee, Ph.D. 45 Chief Scientific Officer - - -------------------- Mark J. Levin has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors since March 1996, Chief Executive Officer of the Company since November 1994, and as a director of the Company since inception. From 1987 to 1994, Mr. Levin was a partner at Mayfield Fund ("Mayfield") a venture capital firm, and co-director of its Life Science Group. While employed with Mayfield, Mr. Levin was the founding Chief Executive Officer of several biotechnology and biomedical companies, including Cell Genesys Inc., CytoTherapeutics Inc., Tularik Inc. and Focal, Inc. Mr. Levin holds an M.S. in Chemical and Biomedical Engineering from Washington University. Mr. Levin also serves on the Board of Directors of CytoTherapeutics Inc. Steven H. Holtzman has served as Chief Business Officer of the Company since May 1994. From 1986 to 1993, Mr. Holtzman was with DNX Corporation ("DNX"), a biomedical company, and its subsidiaries. He was a founder and the first employee of DNX, served as a member of the Board of Directors, and held several senior management positions including, from 1992 to 1993, President of DNX Biotherapeutics Inc., a subsidiary of DNX, and from 1990 to 1993, Executive Vice President of DNX. Mr. Holtzman received his graduate B.Phil. degree in Philosophy from Oxford University, which he attended as a Rhodes Scholar. Mr. Holtzman currently serves as co-chairperson of the Biotechnology Industry Organization's Bioethics Committee and is a member of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission. Frank D. Lee, Ph.D. joined the Company in July 1994 as Vice President, Research and became Chief Scientific Officer in January 1996. From 1989 to 1994, Dr. Lee served as Director of Molecular Biology at DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Inc., a subsidiary of Schering-Plough Corporation, a pharmaceutical company ("DNAX"), and from 1981 to 1989 he served as a Senior Staff Scientist at DNAX. Dr. Lee received his Ph.D. from Stanford University and did his postdoctoral research at Stanford University School of Medicine in the Department of Pharmacology and was a Senior Fellow of the American Cancer 36 38 Society. Dr. Lee also did postdoctoral research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Center for Cancer Research as a fellow of the Helen Hay Whitney Foundation. PART II Item 5. MARKET FOR THE COMPANY'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The Common Stock of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. has been traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol MLNM since May 6, 1996. Prior to May 6, 1996, the Company's Common Stock was not publicly traded. On March 25, 1997, the closing price for the sale of a share of the Company's Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market was $17.75. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low closing prices per share of the Common Stock as reported by the Nasdaq National Market. 1996 ---- High Low ---- --- Second Quarter ....................... $24.00 $15.50 (May 6 through June 30, 1996) Third Quarter ........................ $19.12 $11.50 (ended September 30, 1996) Fourth Quarter ....................... $21.75 $16.12 (ended December 31, 1996) On March 14, 1997, the Company had approximately 352 stockholders of record. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its Common Stock. The Company currently intends to reinvest earnings, if any, to support the development of its business and does not expect to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA Incorporated by reference from the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders under the heading "Selected Financial Data." 37 39 Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Incorporated by reference from the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders under the heading "Management's Discussions and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The financial statements filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are listed under Item 14 below and are incorporated by reference from the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders under the heading "Financial Statements and Notes Thereto." Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE There have been no disagreements with the Company's independent accountants on accounting and financial disclosure matters. PART III Items 10-13. The information required for Part III in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference from the Company's definitive proxy statement for the Company's 1997 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Such information will be contained in the sections of such proxy statement captioned "Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management", "Election of Directors", "Board and Committee Meetings", "Compensation for Directors", "Compensation of Executive Officers", and "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions". Information regarding executive officers of the Company is also furnished in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading "Executive Officers of the Company." PART IV Item 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K (a) The following documents are included as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or are incorporated by reference from the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders. Page ---- 1. The following financial statements (and related 38 40 notes) of the Company are incorporated by reference from the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders. Report of Independent Auditors on Financial Statements 30* Balance Sheets at December 31, 1996 and 1995 31* Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995, and 1994 32* Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995, and 1994 33* Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 34* Notes to Financial Statements 36* *Refers to page number of 1996 Annual Report 2. All other schedules are omitted as the information required is inapplicable or the information is presented in the consolidated financial statements or the related notes. 3. The Exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately preceding the Exhibits are filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. (b) No Current Reports on Form 8-K were filed by the Company during the last quarter of the period covered by this report. The following trademarks of the Company are mentioned in this Annual Report on Form 10-K: Millennium Millennium Pharmaceuticals RADE Sequence Explorer 39 41 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ Mark J. Levin -------------------------- Mark J. Levin Chief Executive Officer 40 42 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date - - --------- ----- ---- /s/ Mark J. Levin - - --------------------------- Mark J. Levin Chief Executive Officer March 28, 1997 and Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Steven H. Holtzman - - ---------------------------- Steven H. Holtzman Chief Business Officer March 28, 1997 (Principal Financial Officer) /s/ Peter J. Courossi - - ---------------------------- Peter J. Courossi Director of Finance March 28, 1997 (Principal Accounting Officer) /s/ Joshua Boger, Ph.D. - - ---------------------------- Joshua Boger, Ph.D. Director March 28, 1997 /s/ Eugene Cordes, Ph.D. - - ---------------------------- Eugene Cordes, Ph.D. Director March 28, 1997 /s/ A. Grant Heidrich, III - - ---------------------------- A. Grant Heidrich, III Director March 28, 1997 /s/ William W. Helman - - ---------------------------- William W. Helman Director March 28, 1997 /s/ Raju Kucherlapati - - ---------------------------- Raju Kucherlapati Director March 28, 1997 - - ---------------------------- Eric S. Lander, Ph.D. Director March __, 1997 /s/ Michael Steinmetz, Ph.D. - - ---------------------------- Michael Steinmetz, Ph.D. Director March 28, 1997 41 43 Exhibit Index The following exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Exhibit No. Description - - ----------- ----------- ** 3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company ** 3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company * 4.1 Specimen Certificate for shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value, of the Company (1)* 10.1 1996 Director Option Plan * 10.2 Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated April 27, 1993 by and among the Company and the persons named on the signature pages thereto * 10.3 Series B Preferred Stock Stock Purchase Agreement dated March 25, 1994 by and between the Company and F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. * 10.4 Series C Preferred Stock Stock Purchase Agreement dated October 3, 1995 by and between the Company and Eli Lilly and Company * 10.5 Series D Preferred Stock Stock Purchase Agreement dated February 1, 1996 by and between the Company and Lombard Odier Inc. * 10.6 Third Amended and Restated Investors' Rights Agreement, as amended, dated February 1, 1996 by and among the Company and the persons named on the signature pages thereto. * 10.7 Voting Agreement dated March 25, 1994 by and among the Company, the persons listed on Schedule I thereto and F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. * 10.8 Stock Purchase Agreement dated April 21, 1993 by and between the Company and Raju Kucherlapati. 42 44 * 10.9 Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 15, 1993, as amended, by and between the Company and Jeffrey Friedman. * 10.10 Stock Purchase Agreement dated March 31, 1993, as amended, by and between the Company and Daniel Cohen. * 10.11 Stock Purchase Agreement dated March 31, 1993, as amended, by and between the Company and Eric Lander. * 10.12 Agreement dated as of August 10, 1995 by and between the Company and Joshua Boger. * 10.13 Agreement dated as of August 10, 1995 by and between the Company and Eugene Cordes. * 10.14 Agreement dated as of April 21, 1993, by and between the Company and Raju Kucherlapati. * 10.15 Agreement for Consulting Services dated as of January 1, 1993 by and between the Company and Eric Lander. * 10.16 Letter Agreement dated November 30, 1994 by and between the Company and Mark J. Levin. * 10.17 Letter Agreement dated April 14, 1994 by and between the Company and Steven H. Holtzman. * 10.18 Promissory Note dated March 15, 1996 made in favor of the Company by Steven H. Holtzman. * 10.19 Letter Agreement dated June 6, 1994 by and between the Company and Frank Lee. * 10.20 Master Lease Agreement dated March 22, 1993 by and between the Company and Comdisco, Inc. * 10.21 Loan and Security Agreement dated October 28, 1994 by and between the Company and MMC/GATX Partnership No. 1. * 10.22 Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated July 14, 1995 by and between the Company and Lighthouse Capital Partners, L.P., * 10.23 Warrant Agreement to Purchase Shares of Series A Preferred Stock dated March 22, 1993 issued by the Company to Comdisco, Inc. 43 45 * 10.24 Warrant Agreement to purchase shares of Series B Preferred Stock dated February 22, 1994 issued by the Company to Comdisco, Inc. * 10.25 Warrant to purchase shares of Series B Preferred Stock dated October 28, 1994 issued by the Company to MMC/GATX Partnership No. 1. * 10.26 Preferred Stock Purchase Warrant dated August 25, 1995 issued by the Company to Lighthouse Capital Partners, L.P. * 10.27 Form of Preferred Stock Purchase Warrant dated February 15, 1996 issued by the Company to Lighthouse Capital Partners, L.P. *+ 10.28 Sponsored Research Agreement dated March 25, 1994 by and between the Company and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. *+ 10.29 Research and License Agreement dated October 3, 1995 by and between the Company and Eli Lilly and Company. *+ 10.30 Research and License Agreement dated December 9, 1995 by and between the Company and Astra AB. * 10.31 Lease Agreement dated August 25, 1993, as amended, by and between the Company and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. *+ 10.32 Research and License Agreement dated April 8, 1996 by and between the Company and Eli Lilly and Company. * 10.33 Loan Agreement dated February 15, 1996 by and between the Company and Lighthouse Capital Partners, L.P. ***+ 10.34 CNS Research, Collaboration and License Agreement effective as of August 1, 1996 by and between American Home Products Corporation and the Company. ***+ 10.35 Bioinformatics Access and License Agreement effective as of August 1, 1996 by and between American Home Products Corporation and the Company. ***+ 10.36 Transcription Profiling Technology Access and License Agreement effective as of August 1, 1996 by and between American Home Products Corporation and the Company. 44 46 **** 10.37 Lease Agreement dated October 26, 1996 by and between the Company and Fort Washington Limited Partnership. **** 10.38 Form of Master Equipment Lease Financing Agreement, as amended, dated September 19, 1996 by and between the Company and GE Capital Corporation. 10.39 Intentionally left blank. +10.40 Collaborative Research Agreement, dated as of January 1, 1995, by and between ChemGenics and Pfizer, Inc. +10.41 License Option, License and Royalty Agreement, dated as of January 1, 1995, by and between ChemGenics and Pfizer, Inc. +10.42 Collaborative Research and License Agreement, dated as of November 1, 1996, by and between ChemGenics and American Home Products Corporation, represented by its Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories Division. +10.43 License Agreement, dated as of June 28, 1996, by and between ChemGenics and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 10.44 Master Agreement, dated as of May 7, 1996, by and between ChemGenics and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 10.45 Amendment, dated November 22, 1996, to the Master Agreement dated May 7, 1996 between ChemGenics and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 10.46 Omnibus Amendment Agreement dated December 18, 1996 between ChemGenics and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 10.47 Consulting and Interim Services Agreement dated as of June 28, 1996 by and between ChemGenics and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 10.48 Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement dated as of June 28, 1996, by and between ChemGenics and Biosystems, Inc. 10.49 Lease Agreement between ChemGenics and Old Cambridge Realty Trust, Inc. 10.50 Form of Sub-Lease Agreement, dated June 28, 1996, by and between ChemGenics and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 45 47 10.51 Amendment, Consent and Waiver dated January 18, 1997 by and among Millennium, ChemGenics and American Home Products Corporation acting through its Wyeth-Ayerst Division ("Wyeth- Ayerst"). 10.52 Letter Agreement dated January 18, 1997 by and among Millennium, ChemGenics and Pfizer, Inc. 10.53 Letter Agreement dated January 18, 1997 by and among Millennium, ChemGenics and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 10.54 Amendment to Collaborative Research and License Agreement dated March 20, 1997 by and among Millennium, ChemGenics and Wyeth-Ayerst. 11.1 Statement regarding computation of per share earnings. 13 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders (which shall be deemed filed only with respect to those portions specifically incorporated by reference herein). 21 Subsidiaries of the Company. 23 Consent of Ernst & Young, LLP, Independent Auditors. 27 Financial Data Schedule. - - ---------------- (1) Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement filed as an exhibit to this Form pursuant to Items 14(a) and 14(c) of Form 10-K. * Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-2490). ** Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's 10-Q for the quarter ending March 31, 1996. *** Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's 10-Q for the quarter ending June 30, 1996. **** Incorporated herein by reference to the Company's 10-Q for the quarter ending September 30, 1996. + Confidential treatment requested as to certain portions. 46 EX-10.40 2 COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.40 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AGREEMENT This COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AGREEMENT is entered into as of January 1, 1995 by and between PFIZER INC ("Pfizer"), a Delaware corporation, having an office at 235 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10017 and its Affiliates, and MYCO PHARMACEUTICALS INC. ("Myco") a Delaware corporation, having an office at 1 Kendall Square, Building 300, Boston, Massachusetts 02139. WHEREAS, Myco has expertise in drug discovery utilizing fungi and in the collection, molecular biology and screening of fungi; and WHEREAS, Pfizer has the capability to undertake research for the discovery and evaluation of agents for treatment of disease and also the capability for clinical analysis, manufacturing and marketing with respect to fungal infections in animals and humans; NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows: 1. Definitions Whenever used in this Agreement, the terms defined in this Section 1 shall have the meanings specified. 1.1 "Affiliate" means any corporation or other legal entity owning, directly or indirectly, fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting securities of Pfizer or Myco; any corporation or other legal entity fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting rights of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by Pfizer or Myco or any corporation or other legal entity fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting rights of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by a corporation or other legal entity which owns, directly or indirectly, fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting securities of Pfizer or Myco. 2 - 2 - 1.2 "Annual Commitment" means the maximum amount to be paid to Myco by Pfizer to fund the Research Program for any Commitment Year. 1.3 "Annual Research Plan" means the written plan describing the research and budgets in the Area to be carried out during each Commitment Year by Pfizer and Myco pursuant to this Agreement. Each Annual Research Plan will be attached to and made a part of this Agreement as Exhibit A. 1.4 "Research Program" is the collaborative research program in the Area conducted by Pfizer and Myco pursuant to the Annual Research Plans in effect during the Contract Period. 1.5 "Effective Date" is January 1, 1995. 1.6 "Contract Period" means the period beginning on the Effective Date and ending on the date on which this Agreement terminates. 1.7 "Commitment Year" means a twelve-month period commencing on each anniversary of the Effective Date. 1.8 "Area" means research or development with respect to drugs for the treatment of fungal infections in human beings ("Antifungal Drugs"). 1.9 "Profile of Activity" means each of those profiles in the Area set forth in detail in Exhibits B1, B2 and B3. 1.10 "Animal Health" means the treatment of fungal infections in animals. 1.11 "Technology" means and includes all materials, technology, technical information, know-how, expertise and trade secrets within the Area. 1.12 "Myco Non-Program Technology" means Technology that is or was: (a) developed by employees of or consultants to Myco alone or jointly with third parties prior to the Effective Date or since that date in the course of activities not described in an Annual Research Plan; or 3 - 3 - (b) acquired, under terms which permit the sublicensing thereof, by purchase, license, assignment or other means from third parties by Myco prior to the Effective Date or since that date that would not be otherwise part of Myco Program Technology. For the avoidance of doubt, it is agreed that Myco's fungi collections and other Myco drug sources, whether developed prior to or after the Effective Date, shall be Myco Non-Program Technology. 1.13 "Myco Program Technology" means Technology that is or was developed by employees of or consultants to Myco during the Contract Period in the course of activities described in a then applicable Annual Research Plan. 1.14 "Joint Technology" means Technology that is or was: (a) developed by employees of or consultants to Pfizer and Myco jointly with each other during the Contract Period in the course of activities described in an Annual Research Plan; or (b) acquired, under terms which permit the sublicensing thereof, by purchase, license, assignment or other means from third parties by Myco or Pfizer during the Contract Period pursuant to an Annual Research Plan for inclusion in the Research Program. 1.15 "Pfizer Non-Program Technology" means Technology that is or was: (a) developed by employees of or consultants to Pfizer alone or jointly with third parties prior to the Effective Date or since that date in the course of activities not described in an Annual Research Plan; or (b) acquired by purchase, license, assignment or to other means from third parties by Pfizer prior to the Effective Date or since that date that would 4 - 4 - not be otherwise part of Pfizer Program Technology. For the avoidance of doubt, it is agreed that Pfizer's fungi collections and other Pfizer drug sources, whether developed prior to or after the Effective Date, shall be Pfizer Non-Program Technology. 1.16 "Pfizer Program Technology" means Technology that is or was developed by employees of or consultants to Pfizer during the Contract Period in the course of activities described in a then applicable Annual Research Plan. 1.17 "Myco Confidential Information" means all information about any element of the Myco or Joint Technology which is disclosed by Myco to Pfizer and designated "Confidential" in writing by Myco at the time of disclosure to Pfizer to the extent that such information as of the date of disclosure to Pfizer is not (i) demonstrably known to Pfizer other than by virtue of a prior confidential disclosure to Pfizer by Myco; or (ii) disclosed in published literature, or otherwise generally known to the public through no fault or omission of Pfizer; or (iii) obtained from a third party free from any obligation of confidentiality to Myco. 1.18 "Pfizer Confidential Information" means all information about any element of Pfizer or Joint Technology which is disclosed by Pfizer to Myco and designated "Confidential" in writing by Pfizer at the time of disclosure to Myco to the extent that such information as of the date of disclosure to Myco is not (i) demonstrably known to Myco other than by virtue of a prior confidential disclosure to Myco by Pfizer or (ii) disclosed in published literature, or otherwise generally known to the public through no fault or omission of Myco; or (iii) obtained from a third party free from any obligation of confidentiality to Pfizer. 1.19 "Patent Rights" shall mean the issued patents and pending patent applications, whether domestic or foreign, claiming all inventions deemed patentable within Pfizer Program 5 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. -5- Technology, Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology and Joint Technology, including all continuations, continuations-in-part, divisions, and renewals, all letters patent granted thereon, and all reissues, reexaminations and extensions thereof. 1.20 "Product" means an Antifungal Drug the manufacture, use or sale of which in the absence of a license (i) would infringe a claim of an issued patent within Patent Rights, (ii) would be covered by a claim of a pending patent application within Patent Rights, or (iii) the discovery, development, manufacture, use or sale of which employs or employed Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology but which is not within clauses (i) or (ii) of this Section 1.20, but which is within the claims of a patent or patent application owned or controlled by Pfizer. 1.21 "Cost/person year" means [******]. 2. Collaborative Research Program 2.1.1 Purpose Myco and Pfizer shall conduct the Research Program throughout the Contract Period. The objective of the Research Program is to discover and develop Products. 2.1.2 Annual Research Plan. The Annual Research Plan for the first Commitment Year is described in the attached Exhibit A. For each Commitment year after the first, the Annual Research Plan shall be prepared by the Research Committee for submission to and approval by Pfizer and Myco no later than [*******] days before the end of the prior Commitment Year. Each new Annual Research Plan for each succeeding Commitment Year shall be appended to Exhibit A and made part of this Agreement. 2.1.3 Screening. Both parties may conduct screening, as further described in Exhibit A, at their own sites with respect to both natural products and compound files; provided, however, Myco's screening activities shall be consistent with its ability to perform its assigned tasks under the then applicable Annual Research Plan. 6 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 6 - 2.1.4 Exclusivity. 2.1.4(i) Area. Exhibit C sets forth a list of all research sponsored by Myco at other institutions and all research at Myco being sponsored by other institutions. Except as set forth in Exhibit C, Myco agrees that during the Contract Period, neither Myco nor any of its Affiliates shall engage in any research sponsored by any third party in the Area without Pfizer's consent. If Myco develops or obtains rights to any prospective Antifungal Drug or candidate Product for human use during the Contract Period outside of its activities in the Research Program, or if Myco has rights or acquires rights from any third party during the Contract Period to any prospective Antifungal Drug outside of the Research Program, including any sponsored research noted in Exhibit C, then such prospective Antifungal Drug shall be subject to the option set forth in Article II of the License Agreement on the same basis as any prospective Antifungal Drug developed in the Research Program. 2.1.4(ii) Animal Health. If Myco decides to seek a partner for the discovery and development of Animal Health drugs, it will notify Pfizer of that decision before notifying any third party. Pfizer shall have [***** **] to determine whether to enter negotiations of any Animal Health research collaboration with Myco. If the [*****] period expires without notice from Pfizer or if, during the [*****] period Pfizer notifies Myco that Pfizer will not begin such negotiation, Myco is free to enter an Animal Health research collaboration with any third party without further obligation to Pfizer; provided, however, Pfizer Program Technology, whenever acquired, shall remain subject to the confidentiality provisions of this agreement and shall not be divulged to any third party Animal Health collaborator. If, on the other hand, Pfizer agrees during the [*****] period to attempt to negotiate an Animal Health research collaboration agreement with Myco, the parties shall negotiate in good faith for a period of [****************] to conclude such agreement. If the parties fail to 7 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 7 - reach agreement during such [********] period, the negotiations shall terminate, at the request of either party, and neither party shall have any further obligation to the other with respect to Animal Health. If the parties reach agreement, they shall each have an additional [****] days to obtain the approval of their respective managements. If either party fails to obtain such approval, the agreement reached shall be null and void without further action of either party and neither party shall have any further obligation to the other with respect to Animal Health. If negotiations fail or either party fails to obtain management approval, Pfizer Program Technology shall be treated in the manner set forth above as if Pfizer had declined to negotiate. 2.2 Research Committee 2.2.1 Purpose. Pfizer and Myco shall establish a Research Committee (the "Research Committee"); (a) to review and evaluate progress under each Annual Research Plan; (b) to prepare the Annual Research Plan for each Commitment Year; and (c) to coordinate and monitor publication of research results obtained from and the exchange of information and materials that relate to the Research Program. (This function shall survive the termination of this Agreement.) 2.2 Membership. Pfizer and Myco each shall appoint, in its sole discretion, three members to the Research Committee. Substitutes may be appointed at any time. The members initially shall be: Pfizer Appointees: Paul A. Armond, Ph.D. Chris A. Hitchcock, Ph.D. Ronnie Farquhar, Ph.D. Myco Appointees: William Timberlake, Ph.D. Yigal Koltin, Ph.D. Sean O'Connor, Ph.D. 8 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 8 - 2.2.3 Chair. The Research Committee shall be chaired by two co-chairpersons, one appointed by Pfizer and the other appointed by Myco. 2.2.4 Meetings. The Research Committee shall meet at least quarterly, at places and on dates selected by each party in turn. Representatives of Pfizer or Myco or both, in addition to members of the Research Committee, may attend such meetings at the invitation of either party. 2.2.5 Minutes. The Research Committee shall keep accurate minutes of its deliberations which record all proposed decisions and all actions recommended or taken. Drafts of the minutes shall be delivered to all Research Committee members within five (5) business days after each meeting. The party hosting the meeting shall be responsible for the preparation and circulation of the draft minutes. Draft minutes shall be edited by the co-chairpersons and shall be issued in final form only with their approval and agreement. 2.2.6 Decisions. All technical decisions of the Research Committee shall be made by majority of the members. 2.2.7 Expenses. Pfizer and Myco shall each bear all expenses of their respective members related to their participation on the Research Committee. 2.3 Reports and Materials. 2.3.1 Reports. During the Contract Period, Pfizer and Myco each shall furnish to the Research Committee summary written reports within [******] after the end of each three month period commencing on the Effective Date, describing its progress under the Annual Research Plan. 2.3.2 Materials. Myco and Pfizer shall, during the Contract Period, as a matter of course as described in the Annual Research Plan, or upon each other's written or oral request, furnish to each other samples of biochemical, biological or synthetic chemical materials which are part of Pfizer Non-Program Technology, Pfizer Program Technology, Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology and which are 9 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 9 - necessary for each party to carry out its responsibilities under the Annual Research Plan. To the extent that the quantities of materials requested by either party exceed the quantities set forth in the Annual Research Plan, the requesting party shall reimburse the other party for the reasonable costs of such materials if they are furnished. 2.4 Laboratory Facilities and Personnel. Myco and Pfizer shall each provide suitable laboratory facilities, equipment and personnel for the work to be done respectively by Myco and Pfizer in carrying out the Research Program. 2.5 Diligent Efforts Pfizer and Myco each shall use reasonably diligent efforts to achieve the objectives of the Research Program. Myco will use reasonably diligent efforts to achieve the assigned tasks listed in each Annual Research Plan and Pfizer will use reasonably diligent efforts to assist Myco in each Annual Research Plan in the pursuit of Myco's assigned tasks, to pursue Pfizer's assigned tasks listed in each Annual Research Plan and to establish a development plan for the Products. 3. Funding the Research Program. 3.1 The Annual Commitment for each Commitment Year is as follows: COMMITMENT YEAR ANNUAL COMMITMENT [ ** ******* ] [ ** ******* ] [ ** ******* ] [ ** ******* ] 3.2 Payments by Pfizer to cover Myco's research costs (the "Funding Payments") shall not exceed the Annual Commitment in any Commitment Year. The amount of Funding Payments for each quarter shall be the number of person months expended in the Research Program in the quarter multiplied by one-twelfth of the Cost/person year for the applicable Commitment Year. 3.2.1 All Funding Payments shall be made quarterly in advance for research and development activities scheduled to 10 - 10 - be performed by Myco during any three (3) month quarterly period, against Myco's invoice for such three (3) month quarterly period. Adjustments as necessary to reflect the person months by employee actually expended by Myco shall be made within ninety (90) days of the end of each three (3) month quarterly period and shall be reflected in Myco's next invoice. 3.2.2 Each Funding Payment shall be paid by Pfizer in U.S. currency by check or by other mutually materially acceptable means on the first day of the quarter or thirty (30) days after receipt of invoice, whichever is later. 3.2.3 Myco shall keep for three (3) years from the conclusion of each Commitment Year complete and accurate records of its expenditures of effort and use of personnel on the Research Program. The records shall conform to good accounting principles as applied to a similar company situated. Pfizer shall have the right at its own expense during the term of this Agreement and during the subsequent three-year period to appoint an independent certified public accountant reasonably acceptable to Myco to inspect said records to verify the accuracy of such expenditures of effort, pursuant to each Annual Research Plan. Upon reasonable notice by Pfizer, Myco shall make its records available for inspection by the independent certified public accountant during regular business hours at the place or places where such records are customarily kept, to verify the accuracy of the expenditures of effort. This right of inspection shall not be exercised more than once in any calendar year and not more than once with respect to records covering any specific period of time. All information concerning such expenditures of effort, and all information learned in the course of any audit or inspection, shall be deemed to be Myco Confidential Information, except to the extent that it is necessary for Pfizer to reveal the information in order to enforce any rights it may have pursuant to this Agreement or if disclosure is required by law. The failure of Pfizer to request verification of any expenditures of effort before or during the three-year period shall be 11 - 11 - considered acceptance by Pfizer of the accuracy of such expenditures, and Myco shall have no obligation to maintain any records pertaining to such report or statement beyond such three- year period. The results of such inspection, if any, shall be binding on the parties. 4. Treatment of Confidential Information 4.1 Confidentiality 4.1.1 Pfizer and Myco each recognize that the other's Confidential Information constitutes highly valuable, confidential information. Subject to the terms and conditions of the License Option, License and Royalty Agreement between the parties of even date with this Agreement (the "License Agreement"), the obligations set forth in Section 4.3 and the publication rights set forth in Section 4.2, Pfizer and Myco each agree that during the term of this Agreement and for five (5) years thereafter, it will keep confidential, and will cause its Affiliates to keep confidential, all Myco Confidential Information or Pfizer Confidential Information, as the case may be, that is disclosed to it, or to any of its Affiliates pursuant to this Agreement. Neither Pfizer nor Myco or any of their respective Affiliates shall use such Confidential Information of the other party except as expressly permitted in this Agreement or the License Agreement. 4.1.2 Pfizer and Myco each agree that any disclosure of the other's Confidential Information to any officer, employee, consultant or agent of the other party or of any of its Affiliates shall be made only if and to the extent necessary to carry out its responsibilities under this Agreement and shall be limited to the maximum extent possible consistent with such responsibilities. Pfizer and Myco each agree not to disclose the other's Confidential Information to any third parties under any circumstance without written permission from the other party, except as expressly permitted by this Agreement or the License Agreement. Each party shall take such action, and shall cause its Affiliates to take such action, to preserve the 12 - 12 - confidentiality of each other's Confidential Information as it would customarily take to preserve the confidentiality of its own Confidential Information. Each party, upon the other's request, will return all the Confidential Information disclosed to it by the other party pursuant to this Agreement, including all copies and extracts of documents, within sixty (60) days of the request upon the termination of this Agreement except for one (1) copy which may be kept for the purpose of complying with continuing obligations under this Agreement. 4.1.3 Myco and Pfizer each represent that all of its employees, and any consultants to such party, participating in the Research Program who shall have access to Pfizer Program Technology, Pfizer Non-Program Technology, Myco Program Technology or Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology and Pfizer Confidential Information and Myco Confidential Information are bound by agreement to maintain such information in confidence. 4.2 Publication. Notwithstanding any matter set forth with particularity in this Agreement to the contrary, results obtained in the course of the Research Program may be submitted for publication following scientific review by the Research Committee and subsequent approval by Myco's and Pfizer's managements, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. After receipt of the proposed publication by both Pfizer's and Myco's managements written approval or disapproval shall be provided within thirty (30) days for a manuscript, within fourteen (14) days for an abstract for presentation at, or inclusion in the proceedings of a scientific meeting, and within fourteen (14) days for a transcript of an oral presentation to be given at a scientific meeting. 4.3 Publicity. Except as required by law, neither party may disclose the terms of this Agreement nor the research described in it without the written consent of the other party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided, however, the parties, upon the execution of this Agreement, will 13 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 13 - agree to a news release for publication in general circulation periodicals. The parties may disclose the existence of this Agreement without the consent of the other and, once a particular item has been generally disclosed, may further disclose such item without the consent of the other. 4.4 Disclosure of Inventions. Each party shall promptly inform the other about all inventions in the Area that are conceived, made or developed in the course of carrying out the Research Program by employees of, or consultants to, either of them solely, or jointly with employees of, or consultants to the other. 4.5 Restrictions on Transferring Materials. Pfizer and Myco recognize that the biological, synthetic chemical and biochemical materials which are part of Pfizer Non-Program Technology, Pfizer Program Technology, Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology, (collectively, the "Materials") represent valuable commercial assets. Therefore, throughout the Contract Period and the Option Period under the License Agreement and for [****] years thereafter, Myco and Pfizer agree not to transfer such materials which are part of Joint Technology or the other party's Technology to any third party, unless prior written consent for any such transfer is obtained from the other party, except as expressly permitted in this Agreement or the License Agreement. Furthermore, throughout the Contract Period and the Option Period under the License Agreement Myco agrees not to transfer such materials which are part of the Myco Non-Program Technology or Myco Program Technology to any third party for use in the Area. 5. Intellectual Property Rights. The following provisions relate to rights in the intellectual property developed by Myco or Pfizer, or both, during the course of carrying out the Research Program. 5.1 Ownership. (i) All Myco Confidential Information and Myco Program Technology and Myco Non-Program Technology shall be owned by Myco. All Pfizer Confidential Information and Pfizer 14 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 14 - Program Technology and Pfizer Non-Program Technology shall be owned by Pfizer. All Joint Technology shall be owned jointly by Myco and Pfizer. All Patent Rights shall be assigned to and owned by Myco, Pfizer or jointly by both of them in accordance with their inventorship. (ii) Except as set forth in Section 2.3.2, ***** ******** shall be part neither of the Research Program nor Pfizer Patent Rights; provided, however, that if, ***** *****, ******** to employ ******** Technology in the Research Program, ***** shall treat such Technology as **** Confidential Information but shall in no event acquire any additional rights with respect to such Technology; specifically, such ************** shall not become part of *************, or **** ******, or ****************. (iii) Notwithstanding anything herein or in the License Agreement to the contrary, Myco shall have the unrestricted right to use and license its fungi collections and other drug sources and its screening technology for any purpose outside the Area. 5.2 Grants of Research Licenses. Myco and Pfizer each grants to the other a nonexclusive, irrevocable, worldwide, royalty-free, perpetual license, including the right to grant sublicenses to Affiliates, (i) to make and use Confidential Information, Technology and Patent Rights for all research purposes under the Research Program and (ii) to make and use Confidential Information, Technology and Patent Rights other than culture collections and other drug sources and screens or screening systems for research purposes ******* ***** other than (a) for purposes of ********** ********* and (b) the ************ ********. 5.3 Rights outside the Area and Animal Health. Subject to any agreement between the parties for Animal Health entered into pursuant to Section 2.1.4(ii), Myco shall have the exclusive right to use and license Myco Non-Program Technology and Myco 15 - 15 - Program Technology (and all related Materials and Confidential Information) outside the Area. 5.4 Joint Technology outside the Area. Both parties shall have the royalty-free worldwide right outside the Area to utilize any process which is a part of the Joint Technology or within the claims of the Joint Patent Rights ("Joint Technology Process"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither party shall have the right to manufacture, use or sell for use outside the Area any compound which is part of the Joint Technology or within the claims of the Joint Patent Rights, without the prior written agreement of the other party. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each party shall have the right to license any such Joint Technology Process to third parties for use outside the Area and to disclose Confidential Information of the other party relating to such Joint Technology Process and transfer Materials which are part of Joint Technology to the third parties who agree in writing (i) to use such Materials only as a part of the use of such Joint Technology Process, (ii) to use such Joint Technology Process only outside the Area and (iii) to maintain the confidentiality thereof and not further transfer them, on terms substantially similar to those set forth herein. 6. PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE FILING, PROSECUTION AND MAINTENANCE OF PATENT RIGHTS. The following provisions relate to the filing, prosecution and maintenance of Patent Rights during the term of this Agreement: 6.1 Filing, Prosecution and Maintenance by Myco. With respect to Patent Rights claiming Myco Program Technology and Myco Non-Program Technology ("Myco Patent Rights"), Myco shall have the exclusive right and obligation: (a) to file applications for letters patent on any invention deemed patentable included in Myco Program Technology and Myco Non-Program Technology; provided, however, that Myco shall consult with Pfizer regarding countries in which such patent applications should be filed and shall file patent applications in those countries where Pfizer requests that Myco file such applications; and, further provided, that Myco, at its option and expense, may file in countries where Pfizer does not request that Myco file such applications; 16 - 16 - (b) to take reasonable steps to prosecute all pending and new patent applications included within Myco Patent Rights; (c) to respond to oppositions, nullity actions, re-examinations, revocation actions and similar proceedings filed by third parties against the grant of letters patent for such applications; (d) to maintain in force any letters patent included in Myco Patent Rights by duly filing all necessary papers and paying any fees required by the patent laws of the particular county in which such letters patent were granted; and (e) to cooperate fully with, and take all necessary actions requested by, Pfizer in connection with the preparation, prosecution and maintenance of any letters patent included in Myco Patent Rights. Myco shall notify Pfizer in a timely manner of any decision to abandon a pending patent application or an issued patent included in Myco Patent Rights. Thereafter, Pfizer shall have the option, at its expense, of continuing to prosecute any such pending patent application or of keeping the issued patent in force. 6.1.1 Copies of Documents. Myco shall provide to Pfizer copies of all patent applications that are part of Myco Patent Rights prior to filing, for the purpose of obtaining substantive comment of Pfizer patent counsel. For the same purpose Myco shall also provide to Pfizer copies of all documents relating to prosecution of all such patent applications in a timely manner for such review and shall provide to Pfizer every six (6) months a report detailing their status. 6.1.2 Reimbursement of Costs for Filing Prosecuting and Maintaining Patent Rights. Within thirty (30) days of receipt of invoices from Myco, Pfizer shall reimburse Myco for all the costs of filing, prosecuting, responding to opposition and the like and maintaining patent applications and patents (including without limitation costs incurred by Myco with respect to Patent Rights licensed to Myco by third parties) in countries 17 - 17 - where Pfizer requests that patent applications be filed, prosecuted and maintained. Such reimbursement shall be in addition to Funding Payments. However, Pfizer may, upon sixty (60) days notice, request that Myco discontinue filing or prosecution of patent applications in any country and discontinue reimbursing Myco for the costs of filing, prosecuting, responding to opposition and the like or maintaining such patent application or patent in any country. Myco shall pay all costs in those countries in which Pfizer does not request that Myco file, prosecute or maintain patent applications and patents, but in which Myco, at its option, elects to do so. 6.1.3 Pfizer shall have the right to file on behalf of and as an agent for Myco all applications and take all actions necessary to obtain patent extensions pursuant to 35 USC Section 156 and foreign counterparts for Myco or Joint Patent Rights described in this Section 6.1 licensed to Pfizer. Myco agrees to sign, at Pfizer's expense, such further documents and take such further actions as may be requested by Pfizer in this regard. If Pfizer determines not to apply for any such extension, Pfizer shall so notify Myco at least ninety (90) days prior to the deadline for such application, and Myco may do so and Pfizer shall cooperate fully with Myco and provide all necessary information within Pfizer's control to Myco for use therein. 6.2 Filing, Prosecution and Maintenance by Pfizer. With respect to Patent Rights claiming Pfizer Technology ("Pfizer Patent Rights") and Patent Rights claiming Joint Technology ("Joint Patent Rights"), Pfizer shall have those rights and duties ascribed to Myco in Section 6.1. 6.3 Neither party may disclaim Patent Rights without the consent of the other. 7. Acquisition of Rights from Third Parties. During the Contract Period, Myco and Pfizer shall each promptly notify each other of any and all acquisitions from third parties of technology or patents which may be useful in the Research Program. Such acquired rights shall become part of the 18 - 18 - Confidential Information, Technology or Patent Rights, whichever is appropriate, of the acquiring party or Joint Technology, as the case may be. 8. Other Agreements, Condition Precedent. 8.1 Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, Myco and Pfizer shall enter into the License Agreement appended to and made part of this Agreement as Exhibit ____ and the Stock Purchase Agreement appended to and made a part of this Agreement as Exhibit ____. This Agreement, the Stock Purchase Agreement and the License Agreement are the sole agreements with respect to the subject matter and supersede all other agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to same. 9. Term, Termination and Disengagement. 9.1 Term. Unless sooner terminated or extended, this Agreement shall expire on December 31, 1998. 9.2 Events of Termination. The following events shall constitute events of termination ("Events of Termination"): (a) any written representation or warranty by Myco or Pfizer, or any of its officers, made under or in connection with this Agreement shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when made. (b) Myco or Pfizer shall fail in any material respect to perform or observe any term, covenant or understanding contained in this Agreement or in any of the other documents or instruments delivered pursuant to, or concurrently with, this Agreement, and any such failure shall remain unremedied for thirty (30) days after written notice to the failing party. 9.3 Termination. 9.3.1 Upon the occurrence of any Event of Termination, the party not responsible may, by notice to the other party, terminate this Agreement. 9.3.2 If Pfizer terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.3.1, the License Agreement shall continue according to its terms. If Myco terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.3.1, the License Agreement shall terminate immediately. 19 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 19 - 9.4 Termination by Pfizer. After this Agreement has been in effect for a period of [********] months, during the next ensuring [******], Pfizer may by notice terminate this Agreement, with or without cause. If Pfizer terminates this Agreement pursuant to this Section, it will make a termination payment within [*****] days equal to the Funding Payments which would otherwise have been due for the [******] period from [******* ******] and will retain all rights and duties set forth in the License Agreement. If Pfizer does not elect to terminate this Agreement during the [ ***] period described in this Section, the Agreement will continue according to its terms until its termination date. 9.5 Termination of this Agreement by either party, with or without cause, will not terminate the licenses granted pursuant to Section 5.2. 9.6 Termination of this Agreement for any reason shall be without prejudice to: (a) the rights and obligations of the parties provided in Section 4 and 12; (b) Myco's right to receive all payments accrued under Section 3; or (c) any other remedies which either party may otherwise have. 10. Representations and Warranties. Myco and Pfizer each represents and warrants as follows: 10.1 It is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and is in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and the State of Delaware, respectively, is qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or the ownership of its properties requires such qualification and has all requisite power and authority, corporate or otherwise, to conduct its business as now being conducted, to own, lease and operate its properties and to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement. 20 - 20 - 10.2 The execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not and will not (a) require any consent or approval of its stockholders, (b) violate any provision of any law, rule, regulations, order, writ, judgment, injunctions, decree, determination or award presently in effect having applicability to it or any provision of its certificate of incorporation or by-laws or (c) result in a breach of or constitute a default under any material agreement, mortgage, lease, license, permit or other instrument or obligation to which it is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound or affected. 10.3 This Agreement is a legal, valid and binding obligation of it enforceable against it in accordance with its terms and conditions, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar laws, from time to time in effect, affecting creditor's rights generally. 10.4 It is not under any obligation to any person, or entity, contractual or otherwise, that is conflicting or inconsistent in any respect with the terms of this Agreement or that would impede the diligent and complete fulfillment of its obligations. 10.5 It has good and marketable title to or valid leases or licenses for, all of its properties, rights and assets necessary for the fulfillment of its responsibilities under the Research Program, subject to no claim of any third party other than the relevant lessors or licensors. 11. Covenants of Myco and Pfizer Other Than Reporting Requirements. Throughout the Contract Period, Myco and Pfizer each shall 11.1 maintain and preserve its corporate existence, rights, franchises and privileges in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified as a foreign corporation in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such 21 - 21 - qualification is from time to time necessary in order to carry out the Research Program. 11.2 comply in all material respects with the requirements of all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders of any government authority to the extent necessary to conduct the Research Program, except for those laws, rules, regulations, and orders it may be contesting in good faith. 12. Indemnification. 12.1 Indemnification of Myco by Pfizer. Pfizer shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Myco and its directors, officers, employees, and agents and their respective successors, heirs and assigns (the "Myco Indemnitees"), against any liability, damage, loss or expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses of litigation) incurred by or imposed upon the Myco Indemnitees, or any one of them, in connection with any claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments of third parties, including without limitation personal injury and product liability matters (except in cases where such claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments result from the material breach, negligence or willful misconduct on the part of Myco), arising out of the production, manufacture, promotion, sale or use by any person of any Product or Antifungal Drug which is manufactured or sold by Pfizer or by an Affiliate, sublicensee, distributor or agent of Pfizer. 12.2 Indemnification of Pfizer by Myco. Myco shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Pfizer and its directors, officers, employees, and agents and their respective successors, heirs and assigns (the "Pfizer Indemnitees"), against any liability, damage, loss or expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses of litigation) incurred by or imposed upon the Pfizer Indemnitees, or any one of them, in connection with any claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments of third parties, including without limitation claims of suppliers and Myco employees (except in cases where such claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments result from the material 22 - 22 - breach, negligence or willful misconduct on the part of Pfizer), arising out of the activities of Myco in the performance of the Research Program. 12.3 The foregoing indemnification shall not apply if an Indemnitee fails to give the indemnitor prompt notice of any claim it receives and such failure materially prejudices the indemnitor with respect to any claim or action to which a party's obligation pursuant to this Section applies. The indemnifying party, in its sole discretion, shall choose legal counsel, shall control the defense of such claim or action and shall have the right to settle same on such terms and conditions it deems advisable. 13. Notices. All notices shall be in writing mailed via certified mail, return receipt requested, courier, or facsimile transmission addressed as follow, or to such other address as may be designated from time to time: If to Pfizer: To Pfizer at its address as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement. Attention: President, Central Research with copy to: Office of the General Counsel. If to Myco: Myco at its address as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement. Attention: President Notices shall be deemed given as of the date received. 14. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. 15. Miscellaneous. 15.1 Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns. 15.2 Headings. Paragraph headings are inserted for convenience of reference only and do not form a part of this Agreement. 23 - 23 - 15.3 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original. 15.4 Amendment; Waiver; etc. This Agreement may be amended, modified, superseded or canceled, and any of the terms may be waived, only by a written instrument executed by each party or, in the case of waiver, by the party or parties waiving compliance. The delay or failure of any party at any time or times to require performance of any provisions shall in no manner affect the rights at a later time to enforce the same. No waiver by any party of any condition or of the breach of any term contained in this Agreement, whether by conduct, or otherwise, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be, or considered as, a further or continuing waiver of any such condition or of the breach of such term or any other term of this Agreement. 15.5 No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as set forth in Section 12 hereof, no third party including any employee of any party to this Agreement, shall have or acquire any rights by reason of this Agreement. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to constitute the parties as agents for the other or as partners with each other or any third party. 15.6 Assignment and Successors. This Agreement may not be assigned by either party, except that each party may assign this Agreement and the rights and interests of such party, in whole or in part, to any of its Affiliates, any purchaser of all or substantially all of its assets or to any successor corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation of such party with or into such corporations. 15.7 Force Majeure. Neither Pfizer nor Myco shall be liable for failure of or delay in performing obligations set forth in this Agreement, and neither shall be deemed in breach of its obligations, if such failure or delay is due to natural disasters or any causes reasonably beyond the control of Pfizer or Myco. 15.8 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes invalid or is ruled invalid by any court of competent 24 - 24 - jurisdiction or is deemed unenforceable; it is the intention of the parties that the remainder of the Agreement shall not be affected. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives. PFIZER INC. By: /s/ George M. Mubegh --------------------- Title: Vice President ------------------- Date: 13 February 1995 ------------------- MYCO PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: --------------------- Title: ------------------- Date: ------------------- cc: Pfizer Inc, Legal Division, Groton, CT 06340 25 EXHIBIT A Pages 1 through 33 of Exhibit A contain confidential materials which have been deleted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 26 EXHIBIT B-1 Page 1 of 1 page contains confidential materials which have been deleted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 27 EXHIBIT B-2 Page 1 of 1 page contains confidential materials which have been deleted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 28 EXHIBIT B-3 Page 1 of 1 page contains confidential materials which have been deleted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 29 EXHIBIT C Page 1 of 1 page contains confidential materials which have been deleted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. EX-10.41 3 LICENSE OPTION, LICENSE AND ROYALTY AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.41 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. LICENSE OPTION, LICENSE AND ROYALTY AGREEMENT This LICENSE OPTION, LICENSE AND ROYALTY AGREEMENT is entered into as of January 1, 1995 (the "Effective Date") by and between PFIZER INC. ("Pfizer"), a Delaware corporation, having an office at 235 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10017 and its Affiliates and MYCO PHARMACEUTICALS INC. ("Myco"), a Delaware corporation, having an office at 1 Kendall Square, Building 300, Boston, Massachusetts 02139. WHEREAS, Pfizer desires to obtain an option to an exclusive license to Myco's right, title and interest in the Myco and Joint Patent Rights so that Pfizer exclusively can manufacture, use or sell the Products; and WHEREAS, Myco is willing to grant such license option; Therefore, in consideration of the mutual covenants and promises set forth in this Agreement, the parties agree as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS. The capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not defined elsewhere in it shall have the meanings specified for such terms in this Section 1 and in the Research Agreement. 1.1 "RESEARCH AGREEMENT" means the Collaborative Research Agreement between Pfizer and Myco effective January 1, 1995. 1.2 "NET SALES" means the gross amount invoiced by Pfizer or any sublicensee of Pfizer for sales to a third party or parties of Products, less normal and customary trade discounts actually allowed, rebates, returns, credits, taxes the legal incidence of which is on the purchaser and separately shown on Pfizer's or any sublicensee of Pfizer's invoices and transportation, insurance and postage charges, if prepaid by Pfizer or any sublicensee of Pfizer and billed on Pfizer's or any sublicensee of Pfizer's invoices as a separate item. 1.3 "MAJOR MARKET" means [*************************************** ************************]. 2 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 1.4 "LICENSED PRODUCT" means a Product for which Pfizer has rights under a License pursuant to this Agreement. 2. TERM AND GRANT OF LICENSE OPTION, EXERCISE OF OPTION, TERM AND GRANT OF LICENSE, RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS. 2.1 LICENSE OPTION GRANTED TO PFIZER UNDER THE PATENT RIGHTS. During the term of the Research Agreement and for [**********] after its termination ("Option Term"), Myco grants to Pfizer an exclusive option ("Option") to an exclusive, worldwide license ("License") including the right to grant sublicenses, to manufacture, use and sell each prospective Product identified in the Research Program and each prospective Antifungal Drug developed by Myco outside of its activities under the Research Program under all Myco's right, title and interest in the Myco and Joint Patent Rights. Pfizer may exercise the Option in accordance with the procedure set forth in Section 2.2 upon notice to Myco in a manner prescribed in Section 11. 2.2 PROCEDURE FOR EXERCISE OF OPTION. 2.2.1 Whenever Pfizer or Myco, individually or jointly, identifies a compound in the course of the Research Program which it believes may qualify as a candidate Product which satisfies a Profile of Activity, it shall present the available information on the compound to the Research Committee. The Research Committee shall review the data and determine whether it believes the compound satisfies a Profile of Activity and is a bona fide candidate for development as an Antifungal Drug and will so advise the parties within [************] days after the presentation of the data to it. 2.2.2 If the Research Committee determines that a compound should be proposed as a candidate Product which satisfies a Profile of Activity and is a bona fide candidate for development as an Antifungal Drug, it shall so notify the parties and shall issue a "Candidate Alert Notice," or equivalent, in accordance with Pfizer's internal procedures. Pfizer shall then have [*********] days to determine whether to exercise the Option 2 3 for such candidate Product. If Pfizer exercises the Option for such candidate Product, it will become a "Licensed Product" hereunder. If Pfizer does not exercise the Option for such candidate Product, it shall nevertheless have the right to reconsider such exercise and may exercise the Option for such candidate Product at any time during the Option Term. If Pfizer does not exercise the Option for such candidate Product during the Option Term, Myco will be free to develop and commercialize such candidate Product itself or with third parties after the expiration of the Option Term, if but only if Pfizer is not developing or selling a Product with the same Profile of Activity pursuant to this Agreement. If Myco commercializes such candidate Product, Myco shall be obligated to pay a royalty to Pfizer with respect to commercial sales of such Product, as set forth in Section 3.10. In such circumstances, Pfizer shall have no rights to such candidate Product or any resulting Product. 2.3 TERM OF LICENSE. Unless terminated earlier as provided below, if Pfizer exercises the Option, the License for the Licensed Product in question shall commence on the date of exercise and shall terminate on the date of the last to expire of the Patent Rights. 2.4 PFIZER OBLIGATIONS. During the term of any License: 2.4.1 Pfizer shall use reasonably diligent efforts to exploit the Licensed Product to which such License applies commercially, including conducting clinical trials and obtaining regulatory approvals. If Pfizer determines to cease diligent efforts to exploit the Licensed Product, Pfizer shall so notify Myco, whereupon Myco may terminate the License for such Licensed Product in the manner (and with the consequences) set forth in Section 9 hereof. 2.4.2 If Pfizer grants a sublicense to a third party, Pfizer shall guarantee that any such sublicensee fulfills all of Pfizer's obligations under this Agreement; provided, 3 4 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. however, that Pfizer shall not be relieved of its obligations pursuant to this Agreement. 2.5 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. During the term of any License, Myco shall provide Pfizer or any sublicensee of Pfizer, at Pfizer's request and expense, any technical assistance reasonably necessary to enable Pfizer or such sublicensee to manufacture, use or sell each Licensed Product and to enjoy fully all rights granted to Pfizer pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that Myco is reasonably capable of providing that assistance. 2.6 NEGOTIATION OF MUTUAL OBLIGATIONS. During the term of any License: 2.6.1 Section 2.4.1 to the contrary notwithstanding, if, at any time that ************************ with resect to a Licensed Product, ***** ******************************************************** for the conduct of ****************************** the parties agree to discuss in good faith the possibility of ************************************************* in such ******************************************* may also participate in other facets of **************** in ways that the parties agree is mutually beneficial. If ********************************************************* the parties will agree on appropriate compensation to ****. At the request of **** the parties also agree to discuss in good faith the possibility of *********************************** or ********************************* or******** for which *************** but ************************************** 2.6.2 In general, Pfizer shall be responsible for the manufacture of all Licensed Products; provided, however, that if (i) Myco acquires the capacity or ability to manufacture or supply drug products by a fermentation method consistent with FDA 4 5 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. Drug Good Manufacturing Practices; and (ii) Pfizer is then manufacturing or having manufactured a Licensed Product by a similar fermentation method, then Pfizer will, in good faith, discuss with Myco, the manufacture by Myco of part of Pfizer's requirements for such Product in the United Sates and elsewhere. Pfizer shall have no obligation place an order with Myco for its US requirements if Myco quotes a price more than [*****************] above the price Pfizer is then paying for such Licensed Product and for its foreign requirements if Myco quotes a price which exceeds the [*****************] price including savings for taxes and duty. Under no circumstances shall Myco have the right to be the sole source for any Licensed Product. 3. PAYMENT OF ROYALTIES, ROYALTY RATES, ACCOUNTING FOR ROYALTIES, RECORDS, MILESTONE PAYMENTS, ADDITIONAL STOCK PURCHASE. 3.1 PAYMENT OF ROYALTIES. During the term of any License, Pfizer shall pay Myco a royalty based on the Net Sales of each Licensed Product. Such royalty shall be paid with respect to each country of the world from the date of the first commercial sale (the date of the invoice of Pfizer or any sublicensee of Pfizer with respect to such sales) of such Licensed Product in each such country until the expiration of the last Patent Right to expire with respect to each such country and each such Licensed Product. By way of further explanation, Pfizer shall pay royalties pursuant to Section 3.2.3 with respect to the manufacture of products whose manufacture would infringe or be covered by Patent Rights if it were done by an unlicensed third party, such royalties to be paid on the Net Sales of such Licensed Products even if the actual sale of such Licensed Products would not alone infringe or be covered by Patent Rights if such sales were made by an unlicensed third party. 3.2 ROYALTY RATES. 3.2.1 During the term of any License, Pfizer shall pay Myco a royalty for the sale of each Licensed Product as set forth in Section 3.2.3; provided, however, that the royalty rate 5 6 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. otherwise applicable to Net Sales of a Licensed Product set forth below shall be reduced by [***********] until [****************] after that Licensed Product has been approved for sale by the US Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") and one of its regulatory counterparts in a Major Market; provided, however, that such reduction shall in no event continue for more than [*******] years and shall be terminated if worldwide sales of affected Licensed Product exceed [*****************] for any year. Moreover, if [************************* ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** the otherwise applicable royalty rate set forth below shall be reduced by [*********]; provided, however, that in no event shall the applicable royalty rates after any reduction required under this Section 3.2.1 and under Section 3.2.2 be reduced to a percentage lower than that set forth in Section 3.2.3 in the column labeled "Minimum Royalty Rates as a Percentage of net Sales." 3.2.2 THIRD PARTY LICENSES. If the manufacture, use or sale by Pfizer of a Licensed Product in any country would, in the opinion of both Pfizer and Myco infringe a patent owned by a third party, Pfizer and Myco shall attempt to obtain a license under such patent. If Pfizer obtains a license under such patent, [****] of any payments made by Pfizer to such third party shall be deductible from royalty payments due from Pfizer to Myco pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that in no event shall royalties payable to Myco be reduced by more than [************] in any year as a result of all such deductions under this Section 3.2.2. All such 6 7 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. computations, payments and adjustments shall be on a country by country and patent by patent basis. 3.2.3 The royalty paid by Pfizer to Myco shall be the sum of the Net Sales in each Tier multiplied by the applicable royalty rate for that Tier. Royalty rates with respect to Products are as follows: NET SALES IN ROYALTY RATES AS MINIMUM ROYALTY MILLIONS OF DOLLARS A PERCENTAGE OF RATES AS A PERCENTAGE OF ("TIERS") NET SALES OF NET SALES - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [***** ** ** ] [***** ** ** ] [***** ** ** ] [***** ** ** ] [***** ** ** ] The Minimum Royalty Rate in the third column is the absolute minimum after all offsets and deductions permitted under this Agreement, except for the credit permitted by Section 3.8. 3.3 RENEGOTIATION OF ROYALTY RATES. The Parties acknowledge that the royalty rates set forth in Section 3.2 are based on the premise that Licensed Products ******************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ********. If ****************************************************************** ************************ with respect to a Licensed Product which represents a commercial opportunity for Pfizer or improves the safety or efficacy of such Licensed Product, the parties shall negotiate a new royalty rate for such Licensed Product *************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ***************. The foregoing provisions of this Section 3.3 regarding renegotiation shall ************************************************************ *******************************************************************************. 3.4 PAYMENT DATES. Royalties shall be paid by Pfizer on Net Sales within sixty (60) days after the end of each calendar quarter in which 7 8 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. such Net Sales are made. Such payments shall be accompanied by a statement showing the Net Sales of each Licensed Product by Pfizer or any sublicensee of Pfizer in each country, the applicable royalty rate for such Licensed Product, and a calculation of the amount of royalty due. 3.5 ACCOUNTING. The Net Sales used for computing the royalties payable to Myco by Pfizer shall be computed and paid in US dollars by check or other mutually acceptable means. For purposes of determining the amount of royalties due, the amount of Net Sales in any foreign currency shall be computed by (a) converting such amount into dollars at the prevailing commercial rate of exchange for purchasing dollars with such foreign currency as quoted by Citibank in New York on the last business day of the calendar quarter for which the relevant royalty payment is to be made by Pfizer and (b) deducting the amount of any governmental tax, duty, charge, or other fee actually paid in respect of such conversion into, and remittance of dollars. 3.6 ROYALTIES WITH RESPECT TO PRODUCTS WHICH EMPLOY MYCO OR JOINT TECHNOLOGY BUT WHICH DO NOT INFRINGE PATENT RIGHTS. In those countries of the world in which Pfizer sells Antifungal Drugs which employ Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology but which, even in the absence of a license, do not infringe an issued patent within Patent Rights claiming Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology, and are not covered by a claim of a pending patent application within Patent Rights claiming Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology and are not within the claims of any patent or patent application owned or controlled by Pfizer, Pfizer will pay Myco a royalty equal to [************] of Net Sales of such Antifungal Drug. Sections 3.2.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.7 and 3.8 shall apply to such royalties, but [******************************************************************************* *****************************************************************************] 8 9 3.7 RECORDS. Pfizer shall keep for three (3) years from the date of each payment of royalties complete and accurate records of sales by Pfizer of each Product in sufficient detail to allow the accruing royalties to be determined accurately. Myco shall have the right for a period of three (3) years after receiving any report or statement with respect to royalties due and payable to appoint at its expense an independent certified public accountant reasonably acceptable to Pfizer to inspect the relevant records of Pfizer to verify such report or statement. Pfizer shall make its records available for inspection by such independent certified public accountant during regular business hours at such place or places where such records are customarily kept, upon reasonable notice from Myco to verify the accuracy of the reports and payments. Such inspection right shall not be exercised more than once in any calendar year nor more than once with respect to sales in any given period. Myco agrees to hold in strict confidence all information concerning royalty payments and reports, and all information learned in the course of any audit or inspection, except to the extent necessary for Myco to reveal such information in order to enforce its rights under this Agreement or if disclosure is required by law. The failure of Myco to request verification of any report or statement during said three-year period shall be considered acceptance of the accuracy of such report, and Pfizer shall have no obligation to maintain records pertaining to such report or statement beyond said three-year period. The results of each inspection, if any, shall be binding on both parties. 3.8 MILESTONE PAYMENTS. Pfizer shall pay Myco, within sixty (60) days of the completion of each respective event set forth below ("Event"), the payment listed opposite that Event. payments shall be made in US dollars by check or other mutually acceptable means. Pfizer shall be obligated to make each payment only once with respect to the first Licensed Product in each Activity Profile 9 10 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. affected by an Event so that the occurrence of an event with respect to additional Licensed Products contemplated in each Activity Profile will not require Pfizer to make an additional payment with respect to that Event. All payments made by Pfizer pursuant to this Section 3.8 shall be credited against all sums due to Myco pursuant to Section 3.2 of this Agreement; provided, however, that the sums due pursuant to Section 3.2 in any calendar year shall not be reduced by virtue of this credit by more than [****************]. EVENT AMOUNT [******* ***** ******* ******* ***** ******* ***** **** ******* ***** ******* ***** ******* ***** ******* **** 3.9 ADDITIONAL STOCK PURCHASE. If and when an *** filed by ***** with FDA or an equivalent agency in any major market becomes effective with respect to a product, at the request of [***********************************], Pfizer will purchase additional shares of Myco common stock in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Stock Purchase Agreement. Pfizer will invest ***** at the rate of [*****] per share (adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend or reverse stock split) if Myco common stock is not publicly traded or at the **************** if Myco stock is publicly traded on that date. The purchase price will not be applied to royalties due to Myco pursuant to this 10 11 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. Agreement and Pfizer shall be obligated to make such purchase once only during the term of this Agreement. 3.10 MYCO ROYALTY PAYMENTS. In the event Myco shall have the right to develop and commercialize any Product pursuant to Section 2.2, 2.4 or 9.3, Myco shall be obligated to pay royalties to Pfizer on commercial sales of such Product for patient treatment pursuant to an approved NDA or foreign equivalent. In the case of such sales by Myco or its Affiliates, such royalty shall be equal to [********] of Net Sales by Myco or its Affiliates of such Product (Net Sales having the meaning set forth in Section 1.2 with Myco substituted for Pfizer). In the case of such sales by a licensee of Myco, such royalty shall be the lesser of (i) [*****] of the licensee's Net Sales of such Product (Net Sales having the meaning set forth above) or (ii) [*****] of royalties received by Myco from the licensee with respect to such commercial sales of the Product by the licensee. For the avoidance of doubt, it is acknowledged that equity investments, payments for services and payments for the purchase of goods are not considered royalties with respect to commercial sales by the licensee. In the event Myco is obligated to pay royalties to Pfizer pursuant to this Section 3.10, Sections 3.2.1 (after the first semi-colon), 3.2.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 and 3.7 shall apply, with the rights and obligations of Pfizer and Myco thereunder being reversed. 3.11 MYCO OBLIGATIONS TO LICENSORS. Myco shall be responsible for any payment due as a result of this Agreement to any third party which has heretofore licensed any Technology to Myco. 11 12 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 4. LEGAL ACTION. 4.1 ACTUAL OR THREATENED INFRINGEMENT. Subject to Myco's obligations to licensors, if any, of Myco Patent Rights or Joint Patent Rights, when information comes to the attention of Pfizer to the effect that any Myco or Joint Patent Rights relating to a Licensed Product have been or are threatened to be unlawfully infringed Pfizer shall have the right at its expense to take such action as it may deem necessary to prosecute or prevent such unlawful infringement. Pfizer shall notify Myco promptly of the receipt of any such information and of the commencement of any such suit, action or proceeding. If Pfizer determines that it is necessary or desirable for Myco to join any such suit, action or proceeding, Myco shall, at Pfizer's expense, execute all papers and perform such other acts as may be reasonably required to permit Pfizer to act in Myco's name. If Pfizer brings a suit, it shall have the right first to reimburse itself out of any sums recovered in such suit or in its settlement for all costs and expenses, including attorney's fees, related to such suit or settlement, and [***************] of any funds that shall remain from said recovery shall be paid to Myco and the balance of such funds shall be retained by Pfizer. If Pfizer does not, within one hundred twenty (120) days after giving notice to Myco of the above-described information, notify Myco of Pfizer's intent to bring suit against any infringer, Myco shall have the right to bring suit for such alleged infringement, but it shall not be obligated to do so, and may join Pfizer as party plaintiff, if appropriate, in which event Myco shall hold Pfizer free, clear and harmless from any and all costs and expenses of such litigation, including attorney's fees, and any sums recovered in any such suit or in its settlement shall belong to Myco. However, [************************************ ***] of any such sum received by Myco, after deduction of all costs and expenses related to such suit or settlement, including attorney's fees paid, shall be paid to Pfizer. Each party shall always have the right to be represented by counsel of its own 12 13 selection and at its own expense in any suit instituted by the other for infringement under the terms of this Section . If Pfizer lacks standing and Myco has standing to bring any such suit, action or proceeding, then Myco shall do so at the request of Pfizer and at Pfizer's expense. 4.2 DEFENSE OF INFRINGEMENT CLAIMS. Myco will cooperate with Pfizer at Pfizer's expense in the defense of any suit, action or proceeding against Pfizer or any sublicensee of Pfizer alleging the infringement of the intellectual property rights of a third party by reason of the use of Myco, Pfizer or Joint Patent Rights in the manufacture, use or sale of the Licensed Product. Pfizer shall give Myco prompt written notice of the commencement of any such suit, action or proceeding or claim of infringement and will furnish Myco a coy of each communication relating to the alleged infringement. Myco shall give to Pfizer all authority (including the right to exclusive control of the defense of any such suit, action or proceeding and the exclusive right after consultation with Myco, to compromise, litigate, settle or to otherwise dispose of any such suit, action or proceeding), information and assistance necessary to defend or settle any such suit, action or proceeding; provided, however, Pfizer shall obtain Myco's prior consent to such part of any settlement which requires payment or other action by Myco or has a material adverse effect on Myco's business. If the parties agree that Myco should institute or join any suit, action or proceeding pursuant to this Section , Pfizer may at Pfizer's expense, join Myco s a defendant if necessary or desirable, and Myco shall execute all documents and take all other actions, including giving testimony, which may reasonably be required in connection with the prosecution of such suit, action or proceeding. 5. REPRESENTATION AND WARRANTY, HOLD HARMLESS. 5.1 Myco represents and warrants to Pfizer that it has the right to grant the Option and License pursuant to this Agreement and that the Option and Licenses so granted do not conflict with 13 14 or violate the terms of any agreement between Myco and any third party. 5.2 Myco agrees to defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless Pfizer and any sublicensee of Pfizer, from and against any loss or expense arising from any proven claim of a third party that it has been granted rights by Myco that Pfizer or any sublicensee of Pfizer in exercising their rights granted to Pfizer by Myco pursuant to this Agreement, has infringed upon such rights granted to such third party by Myco. 6. TREATMENT OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION. 6.1 Pfizer and Myco each recognize that the other's Confidential Information constitutes highly valuable, confidential information. Subject to rights and obligations of the parties pursuant this Agreement and the Research Agreement, Pfizer and Myco each agree that during the term of the Research Agreement and for five (5) years thereafter, it will keep confidential, and will cause its Affiliates to keep confidential, all Myco Confidential Information or Pfizer Confidential Information, as the case may be, that is disclosed to it or to any of its Affiliates pursuant to this Agreement. Neither Pfizer nor Myco nor any of their respective Affiliates shall use such Confidential Information of the other party except as expressly permitted in this Agreement or the Research Agreement. 6.1.1 Subject to the parties' rights and obligations pursuant to this Agreement and the License Agreement, Pfizer and Myco each agree that any disclosure of the other's Confidential Information to any officer, employee or agent of the other party or of any of its Affiliates shall be made only if and to the extent necessary to carry out its responsibilities under this Agreement and shall be limited to the maximum extent possible consistent with such responsibilities. Subject to the parties' rights and obligations pursuant to this Agreement and the License Agreement, Pfizer and Myco each agree not to disclose the other's Confidential Information to any third parties under any circumstance without written permission from the other party. 14 15 Each party shall take such action, and shall cause its Affiliates to take such action, to preserve the confidentiality of each other's Confidential Information as it would customarily take to preserve the confidentiality of its own Confidential Information. Each party, upon the other's request, will return all the Confidential Information disclosed to it by the other party pursuant to this Agreement, including all copies and extracts of documents, within sixty (60) days of the request upon the termination of this Agreement except for one (1) copy which may be kept for the purpose of complying with continuing obligations under this Agreement. 6.1.2 Myco and Pfizer each represent that all of its employees, and any consultants to such party, who shall have access to Pfizer Program Technology, Pfizer Non-Program Technology, Myco Program Technology, Myco Non-Program Technology or Joint Technology and Pfizer Confidential Information and Myco Confidential Information are bound by agreement to maintain such information in confidence. 6.1.3 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein or in the Research Agreement, in the event Myco shall have the right to develop and commercialize a Product pursuant to this Agreement or the Research Agreement, Myco shall have the right to disclose and transfer (i) Confidential Information and Materials which are part of the Myco Program Technology or Myco Non-Program Technology with respect to such Product and (ii) Confidential Information and Materials other than compounds which are part of the Joint Technology with respect to such Product, to third parties who execute a Confidentiality agreement with respect thereto. 6.2 PUBLICITY. Except as required by law, neither party may disclose the terms of this Agreement without the written consent of the other party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided, however, the parties, upon the execution of this Agreement, will agree to a news release for publication in 15 16 general circulation periodicals. The parties may disclose the existence of this Agreement without the consent of the other and, once a particular item has been generally disclosed, may further disclose such item without the consent of the other. 6.3 DISCLOSURE OF INVENTIONS. Each party shall promptly inform the other about all inventions in the Area that are conceived, made or developed in the course of carrying out the Research Program by employees of, consultants to, either of them solely, or jointly with employees of, or consultants to the other. 7. PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE FILING, PROSECUTION AND MAINTENANCE OF PATENT RIGHTS. The following provisions relate to the filing, prosecution and maintenance of Patent Rights during the term of this Agreement: 7.1 FILING, PROSECUTION, AND MAINTENANCE BY MYCO. With respect to Myco Patent Rights, Myco shall have the exclusive right and obligation: (a) to file applications for letters patent on any patentable invention included in Myco Program Technology and Myco Non-Program Technology; provided, however, that Myco shall consult with Pfizer regarding countries in which such patent applications should be filed and shall file patent applications in those countries where Pfizer requests that Myco file such applications; and, further provided, that Myco, at its option and expense, may file in countries where Pfizer does not request that Myco file such applications; (b) to prosecute all pending and new patent applications included within Myco Patent Rights; (c) to respond to oppositions, nullity actions, re- examinations, revocation actions and similar proceedings filed by third parties against the grant of letters patent for such applications; (d) to maintain in force any letters patent included in Myco Patent Rights by duly filing all necessary papers and 16 17 paying any fees required by the patent laws of the particular country in which such letters patent were granted. (e) to cooperate fully with, and take all necessary actions requested by, Pfizer in connection with the preparation, prosecution and maintenance of any letters patent included in Myco Patent Rights. Myco shall notify Pfizer in a timely manner of any decision to abandon a pending patent application or an issued patent included in Myco Patent Rights. Thereafter, Pfizer shall have the option, at its expense, of continuing to prosecute any such pending patent application or of keeping the issued patent in force. 7.1.1 COPIES OF DOCUMENTS. Myco shall provide to Pfizer copies of all patent applications that are part of Myco Patent Rights prior to filing, for the purpose of obtaining substantive comment of Pfizer patent counsel. For the same purpose Myco shall also provide to Pfizer copies of all documents relating to prosecution of all such patent applications in a timely manner for such review and shall provide to Pfizer every six (6) months a report detailing their status. 7.1.2 REIMBURSEMENT OF COSTS FOR FILING, PROSECUTING AND MAINTAINING PATENT RIGHTS. Within thirty (30) days of receipt of invoices from Myco, Pfizer shall reimburse Myco for all the costs of filing, prosecuting, responding to opposition and the like and maintaining patent applications and patents (including without limitation costs incurred by Myco with respect to Patent Rights licensed to Myco by third parties) in countries where Pfizer requests that patent applications be filed, prosecuted and maintained. Such reimbursement shall be in addition to Funding Payments. However, Pfizer may, upon sixty (60) days notice, request that Myco discontinue filing or prosecution of patent applications in any country and discontinue reimbursing Myco for the costs of filing, prosecuting, responding to opposition and the like or maintaining such patent application or patent in any country. Myco shall pay all costs in those 17 18 countries in which Pfizer does not request that Myco file, prosecute or maintain patent applications and patents, but in which Myco, at is option, elects to do so. 7.1.3 Pfizer shall have the right to file on behalf of Myco all applications and take all actions necessary to obtain patent extensions pursuant to 35 USC Section 156 for Myco or Joint Patent Rights described in this Section 7.1 licensed to Pfizer. Myco agrees to sign, at Pfizer's expense, such further documents and take such further actions as may be requested by Pfizer in this regard. If Pfizer determines not to apply for any such extension, Pfizer shall so notify Myco in writing at least ninety (90) days prior to the deadline for such application, and Myco may do so and Pfizer shall cooperate fully with Myco and provide all necessary information within Pfizer's control to Myco for use therein. 7.2 FILING, PROSECUTION AND MAINTENANCE BY PFIZER. With respect to Pfizer Patent Rights and Patent Rights claiming Joint Technology, Pfizer shall have those rights and duties ascribed to Myco in Section 7.1 7.3 Neither party may disclaim a Patent Rights without the consent of the other. 8. OTHER AGREEMENTS, CONDITION PRECEDENT. 8.1 Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, Myco and Pfizer shall enter into the Research Agreement and the Stock Purchase Agreement. This Agreement, the Stock Purchase Agreement and the Research Agreement are the sole agreements with respect to the subject matter and supersede all other agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to the same. 9. TERMINATION AND DISENGAGEMENT. 9.1 EVENTS OF TERMINATION. The following events shall constitute events of termination ("Events of Termination"): (a) Any written representation or warranty by Myco or Pfizer, or any of its officers, made under or in connection with 18 19 this Agreement shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when made. (b) Myco or Pfizer shall fail in any material respect to perform or observe any term, covenant or understanding contained in this Agreement or in any of the other documents or instruments delivered pursuant to, or concurrently with, this Agreement, and such failure shall remain unremedied for thirty (30) days after written notice to the filing party. 9.2 TERMINATION. Upon the occurrence of any Event of Termination, the party not responsible may, by notice to the other party, terminate this Agreement. 9.3 Upon termination of this Agreement, all Licenses granted hereunder shall terminate. In such event, all rights to Licensed Products covered by such Licenses shall become the sole property of Myco and Myco will be free to develop and commercialize such Products itself or with third parties after the expiration of the Option Term, if, but only if Pfizer is not developing or selling a Product with the same Profile of Activity pursuant to this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event Myco shall have the right to terminate this Agreement as a result of an Event of Termination committed by Pfizer, Myco may, in its sole discretion, terminate the License covering the Licensed Product with respect to which the Event of Termination occurred, rather than terminating this Agreement, in which event only Pfizer's rights to such Licensed Product shall become the sole property of Myco and Myco shall only have the right to develop and commercialize such Product, itself or with third parties, after the expiration of the Option Term, if but only if Pfizer is not developing or selling a Product with the same Profile of Activity pursuant to this Agreement. In the event Myco shall develop and sell commercially any Product for which Pfizer's License has terminated, or in the event Myco shall license the rights to such Product to a third party, Myco shall be obligated to pay royalties in accordance with Section 3.10. 19 20 9.4 Termination of this Agreement by either party, with or without cause, will not terminate the licenses granted pursuant to Section 5.2 of the Research Agreement. 9.5 Termination of this Agreement for any reason shall be without prejudice to: (a) the rights and obligations of the parties provided in Sections 6 and 10; (b) Myco's right to receive all royalty payments accrued hereunder; or (c) any other remedies which either party may otherwise have. 10. INDEMNIFICATION. 10.1 INDEMNIFICATION OF MYCO BY PFIZER. Pfizer shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Myco and its directors, officers, employees, and agents and their respective successors, heirs and assigns (the "Myco Indemnitees"), against any liability, damage, loss or expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses of litigation) incurred by or imposed upon the Myco Indemnitees, or any one of them, in connection with any claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments, including without limitation personal injury and product liability matters (except in cases where such claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments result from the material breach, negligence or willful misconduct on the part of Myco), arising out of the production, manufacture, promotion, sale or use by any person of any Product or Antifungal Drug which is manufactured or sold by Pfizer or by an Affiliate, sublicensee, distributor or agent of Pfizer. 10.2 The foregoing indemnification shall not apply if an Indemnitee fails to give Pfizer prompt notice of any claim it receives and such failure materially prejudices Pfizer with respect to any claim or action to which Pfizer's obligation pursuant to this Section applies. Pfizer, in its sole discretion, shall choose legal counsel, shall control the defense 20 21 of such claim or action and shall have the right to settle same on such terms and conditions it deems advisable. 11. NOTICES. All notices shall be in writing mailed via certified mail, return receipt requested, courier, or facsimile transmission addressed as follows, or to such other address as may be designated from time to time: If to Pfizer: To Pfizer at its address as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement Attention: President, Central Research with copy to: General Counsel If to Myco: To Myco at its address as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement Attention: President Notices shall be deemed given as of the date received. 12. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. 13. MISCELLANEOUS. 13.1 BINDING EFFECT. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns. 13.2 HEADINGS. Paragraph headings are inserted for convenience of reference only and do not form a part of this Agreement. 13.3 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original. 13.4 AMENDMENT; WAIVER; ETC. This Agreement may be amended, modified, superseded or canceled, and any of the terms may be waived, only by a written instrument executed by each party or, in the case of waiver, by the party or parties waiving compliance. The delay or failure of any party at any time or times to require performance of any 21 22 provisions shall in no manner affect the rights at a later time to enforce the same. No waiver by any party of any condition or of the breach of any term contained in this Agreement, whether by conduct, or otherwise, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be, or considered as, a further or continuing waiver of any such condition or of the breach of such term or any other term of this Agreement. 13.5 NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. Except as set forth in Section 10 hereof, no third party including any employee of any party to this Agreement, shall have or acquire any rights by reason of this Agreement. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to constitute the parties as agents for the other or as partners with each other or any third party. 13.6 ASSIGNMENT AND SUCCESSORS. This Agreement may not be assigned by either party, except that each party may assign this Agreement and the rights and interests of such party, in whole or in part, to any of its Affiliates, any purchaser of all or substantially all of its assets or to any successor corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation of such party with or into such corporations. 13.7 FORCE MAJEURE. Neither Pfizer nor Myco shall be liable for failure or delay in performing obligations set forth in this Agreement, and neither shall be deemed in breach of its obligations, if such failure or delay is due to natural disasters or any causes reasonably beyond the control of Pfizer or Myco. 13.8 SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes invalid or is ruled invalid by any court of competent jurisdiction or is deemed unenforceable, it is the intention of the parties that the remainder of the Agreement shall not be affected. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives. 22 23 PFIZER INC. MYCO PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: ______________________ By: _______________________ Title: ___________________ Title: ____________________ Date: ____________________ Date: _____________________ cc: Pfizer Inc, Legal Division, Groton, CT 06430 23 EX-10.42 4 COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH & LICENSE AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.42 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND LICENSE AGREEMENT This COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND LICENSE AGREEMENT (the "Agreement") is entered into as of November 1, 1996 by and between AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation, represented by its Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories Division having its principal place of business at 555 East Lancaster Avenue, St. Davids, Pennsylvania 19087 ("WYETH-AYERST"), and CHEMGENICS Pharmaceuticals Inc. ("CHEMGENICS"), a Delaware corporation, having its registered office at One Kendall Square, Building 300, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, U.S.A. WHEREAS, CHEMGENICS has expertise in the discovery of bacterial genes and antibacterial drug targets, the use of bacterial molecular biology and genetics and the development and use of screening systems for the discovery of targets and compounds for treating bacterial diseases and has developed a drug source, including libraries of natural sources, for patentable therapeutic compounds; and WHEREAS, WYETH-AYERST has expertise in discovering, developing, testing, obtaining regulatory approvals, manufacturing and marketing human therapeutic products for bacterial diseases; and WHEREAS, WYETH-AYERST and CHEMGENICS wish to enter into this Agreement in order to collaborate in the performance of research to discover and develop antibacterial drugs; and 2 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. WHEREAS, CHEMGENICS will perform research which will be funded and supported by WYETH-AYERST in order to discover drug targets and Compounds for use in the Field and will license the results of such research to WYETH-AYERST in the Territory for the purpose of research for Antibacterial Products for human use, including drug discovery, and the development, testing, obtaining regulatory approval, manufacture and sale of Antibacterial Products for human use; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the parties hereby agree as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS ----------- Whenever used in this Agreement with an initial capital letter, the terms defined in this Section 1 shall have the meanings specified. 1.0 "ACCEPTED TARGET" means an antibacterial target for which an assay has been developed, that is accepted by the Joint Steering Committee ("JSC") for development of [******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** *******************************************************************************] 3 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. [******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************] 1.1 "ACTIVITY PROFILE" means one of the activity profiles set forth in Exhibit 1, or any other activity profile agreed upon by the Joint Steering Committee. 1.2 "AFFILIATE" means any corporation, firm, limited liability company, partnership or other entity which directly or indirectly controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a party to this Agreement. "Control" means ownership, directly or through one or more Affiliates, of fifty percent (50%) or more of the shares of stock entitled to vote for the election of directors, in the case of a corporation, or fifty percent (50%) or more of the equity interests in the case of any other type of legal entity, status as a general partner in any partnership, or any other arrangement whereby a party controls or has the right to control the Board of Directors or equivalent governing body of a corporation or other entity. 4 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 1.3 "ANTIBACTERIAL PRODUCT" means any product which incorporates a CHEMGENICS Product or a WYETH-AYERST Product (including analogs, derivatives or modifications thereof) listed on Schedule I hereto, as amended from time to time, in accordance with Section 2.4 hereof, and any product in the Field which is discovered during the Research Term of this Agreement and a period of [****] thereafter, whether or not under the R & D Program, utilizing any Compound, which discovery would not have occurred but for such utilization of such Compound. 1.4 "BACTERIAL DISEASE" means a disease in humans caused by infection with bacterial organisms and which is capable of being treated by pharmaceutical agents targeting the bacterial organisms. Bacterial disease shall not include the treatment of H. pylori infection for peptic ulcer disease or gastritis. 1.5 "CHEMGENICS OWNED TECHNOLOGY" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.1. 1.6 "CHEMGENICS PRODUCT" means a Compound provided by CHEMGENICS that has been designated an Antibacterial Product. "CHEMGENICS Product" shall also include any other compound discovered or developed during the Research Term of this Agreement and a period of [****] thereafter using any such CHEMGENICS Compound or using structural, chemical, or biological information relating to any such CHEMGENICS Compound. 1.7 "COMMERCIAL LICENSE TERM" means the time period referenced in Section 8.2 hereof. 5 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 1.8 "COMPOUND" means a chemical compound or mixture of compounds that is discovered or developed in the R & D Program by either party alone or jointly by both parties, which is identified as having antibacterial activity [************ ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ****] Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, a Compound will be deemed "discovered" in the R & D Program if the potential utility or mode of action of such Compound in the Field is identified or investigated in the R & D Program. 1.9 "CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION" means all Technology and all information (including but not limited to information about any element of Technology or a party's business) which is disclosed by one party to the other hereunder or under the Superseded Confidentiality Agreement (as defined in Section 12.14) and indicated as confidential by the disclosing party except to the extent that such information (i) as of the date of disclosure is demonstrably known to the party receiving such disclosure or its Affiliates, as shown by written documentation, other than by virtue of a prior confidential disclosure to such party or its Affiliates; (ii) as of the date of disclosure is in, or subsequently enters, the public domain, through no fault or omission of the party receiving such disclosure; or (iii) as of the date of disclosure or thereafter is obtained from a third party free from any obligation of confidentiality to the disclosing party. 6 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 1.10 "COST OF GOODS" means the following direct and indirect costs incurred by WYETH-AYERST in the production of the Antibacterial Products:[***************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** *******************************************************************************] The amount to be allocated for departmental administrative and overhead shall be determined by computing the percent of direct labor and materials dollars applicable to the work performed in the production of the Antibacterial Products in a given department as a proportion to all direct labor and materials dollars charged to projects in that department, and multiplying that percent by the total overhead dollars related to that department. The percentage amounts used to determine the allocated amounts will be calculated using WYETH-AYERST's accounting system which will compute such rates on a consistent basis. Should WYETH-AYERST change its method of allocating overhead and administrative costs to its projects it will so advise CHEMGENICS and the parties will renegotiate the basis for 7 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. allocating such costs to the work performed in the production of Antibacterial Products. 1.11 "CPMP" means the Committee on Proprietary Medical Products of the European Union. 1.12 "DISCOVERY PROJECT STATUS" means a designation given to a Compound when the JSC determines that [*********************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ****************************************************] 1.13 "EFFECTIVE DATE" means the date of full execution of this Agreement by the parties. 1.14 "FIELD" means drugs for the prevention and treatment of Bacterial Diseases in humans. 1.15 "FIRST COMMERCIAL SALE" means the date of the first sale of an Antibacterial Product in the ordinary course of business in any country by WYETH-AYERST or an Affiliate or distributor, licensee or sublicensee of such party. 1.16 "FISCAL QUARTER" means one quarter of WYETH-AYERST's Fiscal Year. 1.17 "FISCAL YEAR" means the twelve month period beginning January 1 and ending December 31 of a calendar year. 1.18 "JOINT STEERING COMMITTEE" or "JSC" means the committee created pursuant to Section 2.2. 1.19 "JOINT TECHNOLOGY" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.3. 8 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 1.20 "NDA" means a New Drug Application, as defined by the U.S. FDA, or the equivalent in any other country in the Territory. 1.21 "NET SALES" means with respect to an Antibacterial Product, the gross amount invoiced by WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates and/or its licensees and sublicensees, on sales or other dispositions of the Antibacterial Product to unrelated third parties, less the following items, provided that such items are actually included in the price charged and do not exceed reasonable and customary amounts in the country in which such sale occurred: [*********************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** *******************************************************************************] Such amounts shall be determined from the books and records of WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates and/or its licensees or sublicensees, maintained in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied. If an Antibacterial Product is sold in bulk (as distinguished from packaged pharmaceutical form) for resale in packaged or finished form, Net Sales shall be calculated by 9 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission Asterisks denote such omissions. determining the quantity of Antibacterial Product in packaged pharmaceutical form that would reasonably be produced from the bulk quantity of Antibacterial Product so sold, and by multiplying such quantity by the average price for such Antibacterial Product in packaged pharmaceutical form during the applicable royalty reporting period. If an Antibacterial Product is sold, or otherwise commercially disposed of for value (including, without limitation, disposition in connection with the delivery of other products or services), in a transaction that is not a sale for cash to an independent third party, then the gross amount invoiced in such transaction shall be deemed to be the gross amount that would have been paid had there been such a sale at the average sale price of such Antibacterial Product during the applicable royalty reporting period; provided, however, that sale of Antibacterial Product in bulk to a third party end user who repackages but does not resell such Antibacterial Product shall be calculated at the actual transaction price. Net Sales shall not include any consideration received by WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates or its licensees or sublicensees in respect of the sale, use or other disposition of an Antibacterial Product in a country as part of a clinical trial prior to the receipt of all regulatory approvals required to commence full commercial sales of such Antibacterial Product in such country, except sales under "treatment INDs," "named patient sales," "compassionate use sales," or their equivalents pursuant to which 10 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates or licensees and sublicensees is/are entitled, under applicable regulatory policies, to recover costs incurred in providing such products to the patients. 1.23 "PATENT RIGHTS" means the rights and interests in and to issued patents and pending patent applications in any country, including, but not limited to, all provisional applications, substitutions, continuations, continuations-in-part, divisions, and renewals, all letters patent granted thereon, and all reissues, reexaminations and extensions thereof, whether owned solely or jointly by a party or licensed in by a party with the right to sublicense. "CHEMGENICS Patent Rights" shall mean Patent Rights owned or licensed by CHEMGENICS, with the right to sublicense, which are necessary to develop, make, use or sell Antibacterial Products, "WYETH-AYERST Patent Rights" shall mean Patent Rights owned or licensed by WYETH-AYERST, with the right to sublicense, which are necessary to develop, make, use or sell Antibacterial Products, and "Joint Patent Rights" shall mean such Patent Rights owned or licensed jointly by the parties. 1.24 "PRE-PROJECT STATUS" means a WYETH-AYERST research designation for a Compound that is a candidate for IND track, given to a Compound by WYETH-AYERST in accordance with its customary drug development practices, and when, at a minimum, it has been demonstrated to WYETH's satisfaction, consistent with its customary criteria, [*********************************************************** ******************************************************************************** *******************************************************************************] 11 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. [******************************************************************************* *************] 1.25 "PROJECT COMMENCEMENT DATE" means December 1, 1996. 1.26 "R & D PROGRAM" means the research and development program, to be conducted by CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST pursuant to Section 2 of this Agreement and reflected in the Work Plans. 1.27 "RESEARCH PHASE" means research relating to Compounds that have not yet received Pre-Project Status designation. 1.28 "TECHNOLOGY" means and includes all inventions, discoveries, improvements, proprietary materials, compounds, biological substances, data, know-how and trade secrets, whether or not patentable, including any negative results. 1.29 "TERRITORY" means all the countries of the world. 1.30 "VALID CLAIM" means any claim of a pending patent application or an unexpired patent which has not been held unenforceable, unpatentable or invalid by a decision of a court or other governmental agency of competent jurisdiction, unappealed or unappealable within the time allowed for appeal, and which has not been admitted to be invalid or unenforceable through reissue, reexamination, disclaimer or otherwise. 1.31 "WORK PLAN" means the written plan describing the activities to be carried out during each year of the R & D Program pursuant to this Agreement. Each Work Plan will be set forth in a written document prepared by CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST approved by the Joint Steering Committee. 12 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 1.32 "WYETH-AYERST OWNED TECHNOLOGY" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.2. 1.33 "WYETH-AYERST PRODUCT" means a Compound provided by WYETH-AYERST that has been designated an Antibacterial Product. "WYETH-AYERST Product" shall also include any other Compound discovered or developed during the Research Term of this Agreement and a period of [********] thereafter using any such WYETH- AYERST Compound or using structural, chemical, or biological information relating to any such WYETH-AYERST Compound. 2. R & D PROGRAM ------------- 2.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF R & D PROGRAM. ------------------------------- 2.1.1 Basic Provisions of Program. --------------------------- The objective of the Research Phase of the R & D Program shall be the discovery and characterization of Accepted Targets in areas covered by the four Activity Profiles contained in Exhibit 1 and any other Activity Profiles designated by the JSC from time to time. The objective of the development phase of the R & D Program shall be the development of Compounds receiving Pre-Project Status designation and the testing and regulatory approval of Antibacterial Products in areas covered by such Activity Profiles. In carrying out the R & D Program, CHEMGENICS shall devote an average of at least [****] full-time equivalent employees per year to the Research Phase of the R & D Program over its five year duration, and shall ensure that a reasonable number of such employees are devoted solely to the R & D 13 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. Program, and that key members of such group will be Ph.D. level researchers. CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST shall each use commercially reasonable efforts to perform such tasks as are set forth to be performed by it in the Work Plans, including the provision of such facilities, materials, equipment and consultants as each deems necessary to the achievement of such Work Plans. 2.1.2 Collaborative Efforts and Reports. --------------------------------- The parties agree that the successful execution of the R & D Program will require the collaborative use of both parties' areas of expertise. The parties shall keep the JSC and each other fully informed about the status of the portions of the R & D Program they respectively perform. In particular, without limitation, each party shall furnish to the JSC and each other a quarterly written report, describing the progress of its activities in reasonable detail, no later than thirty (30) days after the end of each Fiscal Quarter. Scientists at CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST shall cooperate in the performance of the R & D Program and, subject to any confidentiality obligations to third parties, shall exchange information and materials as necessary to carry out the R & D Program, but subject to the provisions of Sections 4 and 5 hereof. Each party will attempt to accommodate any reasonable request of the other party to send or receive personnel for purposes of collaborating or exchanging information under the R & D Program. Such visits and/or access will have defined 14 purposes and be scheduled in advance. The requesting party will bear the travel and lodging costs of any such personnel. 2.1.3 Work Plans. ---------- The Work Plan for the first year of the R & D Program shall be prepared by CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST and approved by the JSC as promptly as practical after the Effective Date. For each year of the R & D Program commencing with the second year, the Work Plan shall be prepared by CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST and approved by the JSC no later than thirty (30) days before the end of the prior year. The Work Plan shall set forth specific research and development objectives, milestones and resource allocation requirements and shall be designed to facilitate the earliest practical identification of Accepted Targets and the fastest practical testing, regulatory approval and marketing of safe and effective Antibacterial Products. Each Work Plan shall be in writing and shall set forth with reasonable specificity tasks for the period covered by the Work Plan. The JSC may make adjustments in the Work Plan at its quarterly meetings or otherwise as it may determine. 2.1.4 Exclusivity. ----------- CHEMGENICS agrees that for the duration of the "Research Term" (Research Phase of the R & D Program as specified in Section 2.3 below) and for a period of four (4) months thereafter, CHEMGENICS will not collaborate with or grant license rights to any other party in the Field, except as otherwise permitted hereby. WYETH-AYERST agrees that for the duration of 15 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. this Agreement, WYETH-AYERST will not utilize any CHEMGENICS Owned Technology, as hereinafter defined, for any purpose other than (i) as provided herein or (ii) otherwise for the benefit of CHEMGENICS. 2.2 JOINT STEERING COMMITTEE, PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM AND PROJECT LEADERS. --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.2.1 Establishment and Functions of JSC. ---------------------------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST shall establish a "Joint Steering Committee" (the "JSC"). The JSC will act on behalf of the two companies and will be responsible for planning and monitoring of the R & D Program (until Pre-Project Status designation by WYETH-AYERST with respect to any individual Compound) and for setting forth specific research and development objectives, milestones, determining when milestones are met, and resource allocation requirements. In particular, the activities of the JSC shall include reviewing progress in the R & D Program and recommending necessary adjustments to the R & D Program as the research and development progresses, supervising the Project Management Team, [******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ***] Subject to Section 4.1, any technology in the Field to be considered for in-licensing by either party during 16 the Research Term, as hereinafter defined, shall be initially presented to the JSC for discussion, utilizing only public, non-confidential information. Upon review of such non-confidential information, the JSC may request the further involvement of the JSC in any evaluation of such technology or may decline any such involvement. In planning and monitoring the R & D Program, the JSC shall assign tasks and responsibilities taking into account each party's respective specific capabilities and expertise in order in particular to avoid duplication and enhance efficiency and synergies. 2.2.2 JSC Membership. -------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST each shall appoint, in their sole discretion, three members to the JSC, which shall include a Chair to be designated by WYETH-AYERST and a Co-Chair to be designated by CHEMGENICS. Substitutes or alternates for the Chair and Co-Chair or other JSC members may be appointed at any time by notice in writing to the other party. The parties may mutually agree to change the size of the JSC as long as there shall be an equal number of representatives of each party on the JSC. The initial Chair, Co-Chair and other JSC members shall be designated by the parties upon execution of this Agreement. 2.2.3 Meetings. -------- The JSC shall meet at least quarterly, with such meetings to be held, alternately, in Cambridge or Framingham, Massachusetts 17 and Pearl River, New York, unless the parties agree otherwise. Any additional meetings shall be held at places and on dates selected by the Co-Chairs of the JSC. In addition, the JSC may act without a formal meeting by a written memorandum signed by the Co-Chairs of the JSC. Whenever any action by the JSC is called for hereunder during a time period in which the JSC is not scheduled to meet, the Co-Chairs of the JSC shall cause the JSC to take the action in the requested time period by calling a special meeting or by action without a meeting. Subject to the obligations set forth in Section 5, representatives of each party or of its Affiliates, in addition to the members of the JSC, may attend JSC meetings at the invitation of either party with the prior approval of the other party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld. 2.2.4 Minutes. ------- The JSC shall keep accurate minutes of its deliberations which record all proposed decisions and all actions recommended or taken. Drafts of the minutes shall be delivered to the Co-Chairs of the JSC within twenty (20) days after the meeting. The party hosting the meeting shall be responsible for the preparation and circulation of the draft minutes. Draft minutes shall be edited by the Co-Chairs and shall be issued in final form only with their approval and agreement as evidenced by their signatures on the minutes. 18 2.2.5 Quorum; Voting; Decisions. ------------------------- At each JSC meeting, at least two (2) member(s) appointed by each party shall constitute a quorum. Each JSC member shall have one vote on all matters before the JSC, provided that the member or members of each party present at a JSC meeting shall have the authority to cast the votes of any of such party's members on the JSC who are absent from the meeting. All decisions of the JSC shall be made by majority vote, provided that such vote is supported by at least one representative from each party. All JSC member actions shall be made in consultation with the management of the party appointing such member. In the event that the JSC is unable to resolve any matter before it, such matter shall be referred at the request of either party to the Chief Executive Officer of CHEMGENICS or some other individual nominated by him or her, and the President of Wyeth-Ayerst Research or some other individual nominated by him or her, for attempted resolution by good faith negotiations. If such officers cannot resolve the matter, each party may, at its own expense, appoint an unaffiliated scientific or other appropriate expert to advise such officers on the matter. The scientific or other appropriate experts shall be reasonably acceptable to the other party and shall be chosen based on their experience and expertise in the particular type of issue which is unresolved. The experts shall render a written advisory opinion to such officers, which may be considered by such officers in an attempt to resolve the issue. 19 2.2.6 Expenses. -------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST shall each bear all expenses of their respective JSC members related to their participation on the JSC and attendance at JSC meetings, and of any scientific experts appointed by them pursuant to Section 2.2.5. 2.2.7 Project Leaders. --------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST shall each appoint a "Project Leader" who shall serve as such party's primary technical liaison with the other party to discuss technical matters pertaining to the R & D Program. 2.2.8 Project Management Team. ----------------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST shall establish a "Project Management Team" (the "PMT"), which will act on behalf of the two companies and which shall manage the R & D Program as directed by the JSC. CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST each shall appoint, in their sole discretion, three members to the PMT, which shall include the Project Leaders. Substitutes or alternates for the Project Leaders or other PMT members may be appointed at any time by notice in writing to the other party. The parties may mutually agree to change the size of the PMT as long as there shall be an equal number of representatives of each party on the PMT. The initial Project Leaders and other PMT members shall be designated by the parties upon execution of this Agreement. The PMT shall meet, keep minutes and establish operating procedures as directed by the JSC. 20 The PMT shall be chaired by the two Project Leaders. 2.3 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TERM. ----------------------------- 2.3.1 Term of the R & D Program. ------------------------- The Research Phase of the R & D Program shall terminate five (5) years after the Project Commencement Date unless extended as provided below or unless earlier terminated by either party pursuant to the termination provisions below (hereinafter the "Research Term"). 2.3.2 Extension of the Research Term. ------------------------------ The Research Term may be extended upon six (6) months prior notice by mutual written agreement of the parties on terms to be agreed upon between the parties. 2.3.3 Early Termination of the R & D Program. -------------------------------------- (a) The R & D Program may be terminated by either party upon breach by the other of the obligation to pay any amount due hereunder, or upon breach of any other material obligation or condition, effective thirty (30) days after giving written notice to the other of such termination in the case of a payment breach and ninety (90) days after giving written notice to the other of such termination in the case of any other breach, which notice shall describe such breach in reasonable detail. The foregoing notwithstanding, (i) if the default or breach is cured or shown to be non-existent within the aforesaid thirty (30) or ninety (90) day period, the notice shall be deemed automatically withdrawn and of no effect, and (ii) as to an alleged breach expressly set forth with reasonable detail to be the subject of a 21 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. good faith dispute as to whether or not such payment is due and owing or whether a breach of any other material obligation or condition has occurred, within the aforesaid thirty (30) day or ninety (90) day period, the running of the remainder of the thirty (30) day or ninety (90) day period shall be tolled until the dispute is resolved. (b) If either party files for protection under bankruptcy laws, makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors, appoints or suffers appointment of a receiver or trustee over its property, files a petition under any bankruptcy or insolvency act or has any such petition filed against it which is not discharged within ninety (90) days of the filing thereof, then the other party may terminate the R & D Program upon notice to such party. (c) WYETH-AYERST may terminate the R & D Program at its sole discretion (i) in the event of the "Acquisition" of CHEMGENICS by a third party, (ii) if CHEMGENICS is no longer generally engaged in drug discovery as a primary business activity or is generally unable to perform the types of obligations set forth herein or (iii) if there have not been at least [*****] Accepted Targets approved by the JSC by the [*****] anniversary of the Project Commencement Date and there have not been at least [*****] Discovery Projects designated by the JSC by such [*****] anniversary. For purposes hereof, an "Acquisition" shall be deemed to have occurred if CHEMGENICS shall consolidate or merge with another entity, or convey, sell or lease to another entity all or substantially all of the stock, assets or business 22 of CHEMGENICS and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or suffer a Change in Control in which another entity shall come to control CHEMGENICS. Change of Control as used herein shall mean any transaction or event as a result of which any other entity acquires or for the first time controls and is able to vote without restriction (directly or through nominees or beneficial ownership) fifty percent (50%) or more of the capital stock of CHEMGENICS outstanding at the time having the power ordinarily to vote for directors of CHEMGENICS. (d) Any termination of the R & D Program shall be without prejudice to the rights of either party against the other, then accruing or otherwise accrued under this Agreement. (e) Upon any early termination of the R & D Program by CHEMGENICS under section 2.3.3(a) or (b), the provisions of Sections 8.7.3(a), (b), and (c) shall apply as if all licenses granted to WYETH-AYERST under Section 8.1 had been terminated. (f) The licenses granted to WYETH-AYERST pursuant to Section 8.1(b) hereof shall survive early termination of the R & D Program by WYETH-AYERST under this Section 2.3.3. Further, as of the effective date of such early termination by WYETH-AYERST of the R & D Program, WYETH-AYERST shall be released from its future obligations of equity funding and research funding, pursuant to Sections 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 hereof, except for any obligations which have accrued but have not been satisfied as of such termination date. 23 2.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ------------------- 2.4.1 Identification of Candidate Compounds for Pre-Project Status. ------------------------------------------------------------- WYETH-AYERST and CHEMGENICS agree that a priority of the R & D Program shall be to demonstrate as quickly as possible the antibacterial activity in humans of a safe and effective Antibacterial Product in each Activity Profile. At such time as CHEMGENICS or WYETH-AYERST has identified a CHEMGENICS Compound or a WYETH-AYERST Compound discovered or developed by it (or jointly by it and the other party) in the R & D Program which it believes should receive Pre-Project Status, it shall notify the JSC in writing, and shall provide to the JSC the data and information demonstrating that the Compound satisfies the criteria for Pre-Project Status. 2.4.2 Designation of Antibacterial Products ------------------------------------- At the request of CHEMGENICS or WYETH-AYERST, within thirty (30) days after receipt of notice pursuant to 2.4.1 above, the JSC shall review the data and information and shall notify the parties in writing of its determination as to whether or not it believes the Compound should be given Pre-Project Status and therefore be designated as a candidate for Pre-Project Status (a "Pre-Project Status Candidate"). At the request of the JSC, either party, as appropriate, shall provide the JSC with such additional data as the JSC shall reasonably request, provided such party can reasonably obtain same. Any negative determination by the JSC that it does not so recommend, shall be accompanied by a detailed explanation of the reasons therefor. 24 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. If the JSC does not act within such thirty (30) day period, it will be deemed to have designated the Compound as a Pre-Project Status Candidate. Upon designation of a Compound as a Pre-Project Status Candidate,[******************************* ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** *******************************************************************************] Upon issuance of an "Antibacterial Product Designation" the Compound will become an "Antibacterial Product," Schedule I will be amended to include such Compound, and such Antibacterial Product shall be deemed to 25 be included in the license to WYETH-AYERST pursuant to Section 8 hereof. If a Compound is designated as an Antibacterial Product, its development will no longer be under the purview of the JSC, but will be the sole responsibility of WYETH-AYERST. WYETH-AYERST will appoint Discovery and Pre-Project Teams to manage the development thereof, with CHEMGENICS having at least one representative on each such Team. 2.4.3 Pre-Project Status Compounds Not Selected by WYETH-AYERST as ------------------------------------------------------------ Antibacterial Products. ---------------------- In case of failure by WYETH-AYERST to issue an Antibacterial Product Designation with respect to a particular CHEMGENICS Compound as provided in Section 2.4.2, CHEMGENICS will not market nor grant rights in the Field in the Territory to such Compound to any party for the longer of: (i) so long as WYETH-AYERST is actively and diligently involved in the development and/or the marketing of an Antibacterial Product in the Field in the Territory in the same Activity Profile or (ii) until one year after the end of the Research Term. CHEMGENICS shall have rights with respect to the commercialization of such CHEMGENICS Compounds in the Territory solely as set forth in Section 2.5 hereof. 2.4.4 Development Obligations. ----------------------- WYETH-AYERST agrees that it will exert commercially reasonable drug development and marketing efforts that are consistent with those efforts undertaken in its own global pharmaceutical business to develop and market in the Field, throughout such areas of the Territory as it may reasonably 26 determine, at its own expense, Antibacterial Products incorporating or derived from any Compounds which receive Antibacterial Product Designation (a "Drug Development Program"). 2.4.5 Reports. ------- WYETH-AYERST will keep CHEMGENICS fully informed concerning the status of the Drug Development Program for each Antibacterial Product, it being understood that all such information is Confidential Information subject to all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, and particularly Article 5 hereof. WYETH- AYERST shall (a) report to CHEMGENICS in reasonable detail no less frequently than quarterly concerning all aspects of such development and commercialization activities; (b) provide CHEMGENICS with access to Technology and Confidential Information employed in or arising out of such development and commercialization activities; (c) provide CHEMGENICS with summaries of all regulatory filings filed in connection with such Products, together with all clinical protocols and material correspondence with regulatory authorities in the United States and other countries; and (d) provide such other information concerning such development and commercialization activities as CHEMGENICS shall reasonably request. 2.5 COMMERCIALIZATION RIGHTS. ------------------------ (a) Except as otherwise provided herein, (i) WYETH-AYERST shall have the exclusive right to develop and commercialize Antibacterial Products which are derived from either CHEMGENICS Products or WYETH-AYERST Products in the Territory for use in the Field; and 27 (ii) commencing one year after the end of the Research Term, CHEMGENICS shall have the exclusive right in the Territory and in the Field to develop and commercialize any Compound which is a CHEMGENICS Product, but not an Antibacterial Product being developed by WYETH-AYERST, by itself or with a third party and shall have an exclusive right of first refusal as set forth in Section 2.6 hereof to develop and commercialize by itself or with a third party, any WYETH-AYERST Product that WYETH-AYERST makes available for licensing in the Field; provided, however, that CHEMGENICS shall have no such rights under subsection (ii) hereof if WYETH-AYERST has designated and is developing another Compound as an Antibacterial Product hereunder, which has the same Activity Profile; and, provided further, that CHEMGENICS shall not have the right of first refusal set forth above for WYETH-AYERST Products if WYETH-AYERST has terminated the R & D Program in accordance with Section 2.3.3(a), 2.3.3(b), or clause (i) of Section 2.3.3(c) hereof. Licenses for all such rights shall be granted in accordance with the terms of Section 8 hereof. 28 (b) Except as set forth in Section 2.5(c) or Section 2.7, if either party wishes to develop and commercialize an Antibacterial Product listed on Schedule I for use outside the Field, it shall notify the other party. If both parties have the right to engage in such development and commercialization, then such opportunities shall be reasonably considered by both parties and shall only be pursued upon terms mutually agreeable to both parties. (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, WYETH-AYERST will have an exclusive right of first refusal as set forth in Section 2.6 hereof to license Compounds and related Technology which reach Pre-Project Status for use in the prevention and treatment of bacterial disease in animals, said right vesting in WYETH-AYERST as of the date of designation of such Compound as an Antibacterial Product. (d) If at any time WYETH-AYERST elects to discontinue the development or commercialization of an Antibacterial Product in the Field, (i) it shall promptly notify CHEMGENICS, whereupon, WYETH-AYERST's license to such Antibacterial Product from CHEMGENICS will be terminated, and, (ii) commencing one year after the end of the Research Term and provided that WYETH-AYERST is not actively developing another Antibacterial Product in the same Activity Profile, (a) CHEMGENICS will have the right to develop and commercialize any such 29 Antibacterial Product which is a CHEMGENICS Product itself or with a third party on the same basis as if the license for such Antibacterial Product had been terminated by CHEMGENICS pursuant to Section 8.7.2 hereof and (b) CHEMGENICS shall have a right of first refusal as set forth in Section 2.6 hereof related to any such Antibacterial Product which is a WYETH-AYERST Product that WYETH-AYERST makes available for licensing in the Field. (e) In the event CHEMGENICS exercises its right to develop and commercialize any Antibacterial Product as permitted in Section 2.5(a) or 2.5(d) above, it shall give WYETH-AYERST written notice specifying the Antibacterial Product to be developed and commercialized. (f) At the request of CHEMGENICS, and provided that CHEMGENICS can reasonably demonstrate to WYETH-AYERST that it has appropriate capabilities, the parties will discuss CHEMGENICS' participation in marketing, co-marketing, co-promoting or manufacturing Antibacterial Products, but WYETH-AYERST will not be obligated to agree to CHEMGENICS' participation in such activities. (g) For the purposes of this Section, any Product which is within the definition of both a WYETH-AYERST Product (as set forth in Section 1.33) and a CHEMGENICS Product 30 (as set forth in Section 1.6) shall be treated for the purposes hereof as being jointly owned and the provisions applying to CHEMGENICS Products shall apply to CHEMGENICS' ownership interest therein and the provisions applying to WYETH-AYERST Products shall apply to WYETH-AYERST's ownership interest therein. 2.6 RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL. ---------------------- In the event that either party has a right of first refusal hereunder, the other party (the "Offering Party") shall give written notice to the party having such right (the "Receiving Party") specifying in reasonable detail the rights that the Offering Party intends to license (the "Offer"). The Receiving Party shall have thirty (30) days after the date of the Offer to provide a written response to the Offering Party (the "Response") as to whether or not it wishes to enter into negotiations with the Offering Party with respect to such rights. If the Response states that the Receiving Party wishes to enter into negotiations with the Offering Party, the parties shall negotiate in good faith the licensing of such rights for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of the Response. If the Response is not received within the thirty (30) day response period or if the Receiving Party declines to enter into negotiations or if the parties do not agree upon and execute a written agreement within the ninety (90) day negotiation period, the Offering Party shall thereafter have the right to negotiate with third parties with respect to such rights. However, prior to the execution of any definitive agreement with any third party, the Offering Party 31 shall provide the complete terms of such agreement to the Receiving Party and the Receiving Party shall have a period of fifteen (15) days in which to accept such agreement for itself or to decline the execution of such agreement, after which time the Offering Party may execute such Agreement with any other party. 2.7 RIGHT OF FIRST NEGOTIATION FOR H. PYLORI INFECTION. -------------------------------------------------- In addition to the foregoing commercialization rights granted hereunder to WYETH-AYERST, during the Research Term, in the event that CHEMGENICS determines to undertake a program to develop and commercialize for itself or to license to any non-Affiliate rights to develop, make, use, offer for sale, sell and import any product having potential use for treatment of H. pylori infection in humans for use in peptic ulcer disease or gastritis (an "H. pylori Program"), CHEMGENICS shall give written notice to WYETH-AYERST, specifying in reasonable detail the H. pylori Program that CHEMGENICS intends to pursue and any rights CHEMGENICS intends to license or the product which it intends to develop (the "CHEMGENICS Notice"). WYETH-AYERST shall have thirty (30) days after the date of the CHEMGENICS Notice to provide a written response to CHEMGENICS ("WYETH-AYERST Response") as to whether or not it wishes to enter into negotiations with CHEMGENICS concerning such H. pylori Program. If CHEMGENICS does not receive a WYETH-AYERST Response within such thirty (30) day period or if WYETH-AYERST declines to enter into negotiations, CHEMGENICS shall thereafter have the right, alone or in collaboration with a third party, to pursue 32 development, commercialization or licensing of the rights which were the subject of the CHEMGENICS Notice free of any restriction or limitation, or duty to WYETH-AYERST whatsoever. If the WYETH-AYERST Response states that WYETH-AYERST wishes to enter into negotiations with CHEMGENICS, the parties shall negotiate in good faith the licensing of such rights to WYETH-AYERST for a period of sixty (60) days from the date of the WYETH-AYERST Response. If the parties do not agree upon and execute a written agreement for such rights within such sixty (60) day period, as such period may be extended by written agreement of both parties, WYETH-AYERST shall set forth in writing in detail its "last best offer" with respect to such development, commercialization or licensing of rights. If CHEMGENICS does not accept such last best offer, CHEMGENICS will furnish WYETH-AYERST with a written statement that it rejects such last best offer, and CHEMGENICS shall thereafter have the right, alone or in collaboration with a third party, to pursue development, commercialization or licensing of the rights which were the subject of the CHEMGENICS Notice, but only on terms reasonably believed by CHEMGENICS to be more favorable in the aggregate to CHEMGENICS than WYETH-AYERST's last best offer. Both parties recognize that in evaluating the favorability to CHEMGENICS of development, commercialization or licensing terms, numerous factors may be taken into account and given appropriate weight, including without limitation, the amount of upfront payments, the amount and timing of subsequent payments, the royalty rate(s), the definition of territory, the purchase and pricing of equity, the identity, experience and 33 market position of the other party in the relevant markets, and the contribution of patent or other intellectual property rights material to the commercial success of CHEMGENICS. Moreover, WYETH-AYERST agrees that CHEMGENICS is entitled to assign reasonable value to comarketing, copromotion, manufacturing or patent rights or other consideration that CHEMGENICS receives in return for the rights granted by CHEMGENICS. 2.8 RETAINED RIGHTS. --------------- Except as set forth herein, and in particular as set forth in Sections 2.5(b) and 2.5(c) hereof, nothing in this Agreement shall limit in any respect the right of either party to conduct research and development with respect to and market products outside the Field using any of such party's technology, information, or otherwise. 3. FUNDING ------- 3.1 EQUITY INVESTMENTS. ------------------ WYETH-AYERST will make three equity investments in CHEMGENICS in accordance with the terms of a Series E Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement of even date herewith (the "Stock Purchase Agreement"): 1. $5 million on the Effective Date of this Agreement 2. $5 million as set forth in Section 1.03(b) of the Stock Purchase Agreement. 3. $3 million as set forth in Section 1.03(c) of the Stock Purchase Agreement. 34 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 3.2 RESEARCH FUNDING. ---------------- In partial consideration of the work to be done by CHEMGENICS in the R & D Program, WYETH-AYERST will pay CHEMGENICS non-refundable research payments of [*****] per month during the initial three-year-period of the Research Term commencing retroactively as of October 1, 1996. During the fourth and fifth years of the Research Term, WYETH-AYERST will pay CHEMGENICS [****************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** *******************************************************************************] Such payments will be made in advance, on or before the first day of each calendar quarter, with the first and last payments prorated in the event that the Effective Date is not the first day of a calendar quarter. The first research payment shall be made simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement and shall include all amounts necessary to make WYETH-AYERST current in research payments due since October 1, 1996. WYETH-AYERST will fund its own activities under the R & D Program. 3.3 ADDITIONAL R&D PAYMENTS. ----------------------- WYETH-AYERST will make additional research payments to CHEMGENICS within 30 days of the determination (as set forth in 35 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. Section 3.5) of the achievement of certain research goals as set forth below. If any goal is achieved during the term of this Agreement, the payment for such goal will be absolutely due and payable. Goal Payment - - ---- ------- ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ] 36 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** 3.4 MILESTONE PAYMENTS. ------------------ WYETH-AYERST will make payments to CHEMGENICS within thirty (30) days after the determination (as set forth in Section 3.5) of the achievement of each of the milestones set forth below for each of the Activity Profiles to be pursued under the R & D Program. If any milestone is achieved during the term of this Agreement, the payment for such milestone will be absolutely due and payable. Milestone Payment - - --------- ------- ***** ***** **** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** *** ***** ***** *** ] 37 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. ******* ******* ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** 3.5 DETERMINATION THAT GOALS AND MILESTONES ARE ACHIEVED. ---------------------------------------------------- In the event that CHEMGENICS believes any research goal or milestone has been achieved, it shall so notify the JSC in writing and shall provide to the JSC the data and information demonstrating that the research goal or milestone has been achieved. Within thirty (30) days, the JSC shall review the data and information and shall certify in writing whether or not the research goal or milestone has been achieved. Any negative determination shall be accompanied by a detailed explanation of the reasons therefor. If the JSC does not take action within such thirty (30) day period, the research goal or milestone shall be deemed to have been achieved. 3.6 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TAX CREDITS. ------------------------------------ Each party shall be entitled to seek the benefit of any research and development tax credits arising out of any research paid for by such party or its Affiliates. CHEMGENICS acknowledges that, to the extent appropriate, research payments made hereunder, including Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4, are made in furtherance of research, and may entitle WYETH-AYERST to seek research tax credits. 38 4. OTHER TECHNOLOGY ---------------- 4.1 OTHER TECHNOLOGY. ---------------- The parties hereto acknowledge that WYETH-AYERST may engage in development and commercialization of antibacterial products, through internal research efforts and in collaboration with others, and that both WYETH-AYERST and CHEMGENICS may engage in discussions or may enter into agreements with other parties relative to development and commercialization of other pharmaceutical products. Accordingly, nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as limiting the right of either party to engage in any such discussions or third party agreements, and any benefits or obligations arising from such independent transactions shall inure solely to the party participating therein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, but subject to Section 2.2.1, it is contemplated hereunder that WYETH-AYERST may elect, at its sole discretion, to place other technologies at its disposal into the collaboration hereunder to the extent it is permitted to do so. If WYETH-AYERST makes such an election, it will in no way affect the rights and obligations of the parties hereto except as expressly set forth herein without the prior written consent of CHEMGENICS, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. 39 5. TREATMENT OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION ------------------------------------- 5.1 CONFIDENTIALITY. --------------- 5.1.1 General. ------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST each recognize that the other party's Confidential Information constitutes highly valuable and proprietary confidential information. Subject to the terms and conditions of Section 8, CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST each agree that during the R & D Program and the License Term and for five (5) years thereafter, it will keep confidential, and will cause its employees, consultants, Affiliates and licensees and sublicensees to keep confidential, all Confidential Information of the other party that is disclosed to it, or to any of its employees, consultants, Affiliates and licensees and sublicensees, pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement. Neither CHEMGENICS nor WYETH-AYERST nor any of their respective employees, consultants, Affiliates and licensees and sublicensees shall use Confidential Information of the other party for any purpose whatsoever except as expressly permitted in this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, WYETH-AYERST will reasonably cooperate with CHEMGENICS in the making of reasonable, confidential disclosures of Confidential Information to investment bankers, investors and potential investors of CHEMGENICS. 5.1.2 Restricted Access. ----------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST each agree that any disclosure of the other party's Confidential Information to any of its officers, employees, consultants or agents or those of any of its 40 Affiliates and licensees and sublicensees shall be made only if and to the extent necessary to carry out its rights and responsibilities under this Agreement with respect to the Field, shall be limited to the maximum extent possible consistent with such rights and responsibilities and shall only be made to persons who are bound by written confidentiality agreements to maintain the confidentiality thereof and not to use such Confidential Information except as expressly permitted by this Agreement. CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST, for themselves and their Affiliates, each agree not to disclose the other party's Confidential Information to any third parties under any circumstance without prior written approval from the other party, except as required in any patent application or patent prosecution, in any application for regulatory approval for testing, manufacture or sale of an Antibacterial Product subject to this Agreement, or as otherwise required by law, and except as otherwise reasonably required to exercise such party's rights under this Agreement. However, before disclosing the other party's Confidential Information in connection with a patent application, patent prosecution or regulatory application or as otherwise required by law, the disclosing party shall provide a copy of such intended disclosure to the other party. If the other party so requests and where permitted by law or regulation, the disclosing party shall redact such portion of the intended disclosure as reasonably requested. Each party shall take such action, and shall cause its Affiliates and licensees and sublicensees to take such action, to preserve the confidentiality 41 of each other's Confidential Information as it would customarily take to preserve the confidentiality of its own Confidential Information, and in no event, less than reasonable care. Each party, upon the other's request, will return all the Confidential Information disclosed to it by the other party pursuant to this Agreement, including all copies and extracts of documents, within sixty (60) days of the request following the termination of this Agreement; provided that a party may retain Confidential Information of the other party relating to any license or right to use Technology which survives such termination and one copy of all other Confidential Information may be retained in confidential and inactive archives solely for the purpose of establishing the contents thereof. 5.1.3 Employee Confidentiality Agreements. ----------------------------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST each represents that all of its employees and all of the employees of its Affiliates, and any consultants to such party or its Affiliates, participating in the R & D Program who shall have access to Confidential Information of the other party are bound by written agreements to maintain such information in confidence and not to use such information except as expressly permitted herein. Each party agrees to enforce confidentiality obligations to which its employees and consultants (and those of its Affiliates) are obligated. 42 5.2 PUBLICITY. --------- Neither party may disclose the existence or terms of this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party; provided, however, that either party may make such a disclosure to the extent required by law, subject to the provisions of redaction set forth in 5.1.2 hereof, and that CHEMGENICS may make a disclosure of the existence and terms of this Agreement to investors, prospective investors, lenders and other financing sources, or for products for which rights in the Field are granted to CHEMGENICS hereunder, and subject to the provisions of redaction set forth in 5.1.2 hereof. The parties, upon the execution of this Agreement and from time to time thereafter, will agree to news releases for publication in general circulation periodicals and newswires. Once any written statement is approved for disclosure by both parties, either party may make subsequent public disclosure of the contents of such statement without the further approval of the other party. 5.3 PUBLICATION. ----------- It is expected that each party may wish to publish the results of its research under this Agreement. In order to safeguard intellectual property rights, the party wishing to publish or otherwise publicly disclose the results of its research hereunder shall first submit a draft of the proposed scientific manuscripts, abstracts or other proposed public presentations, to the JSC for review, comment and consideration of appropriate patent action at least four (4) weeks prior to any submission for publication or other public disclosure. Within 43 twenty (20) days of receipt of the prepublication materials, the JSC will advise the party seeking publication as to whether a patent application will be prepared and filed or whether trade secret protection should be pursued and, if so, the JSC will, in cooperation with both parties, determine the appropriate timing and content of any such publications. 5.4 PROHIBITION ON HIRING. --------------------- Neither WYETH-AYERST nor its Affiliates shall, without CHEMGENICS' prior written approval, during the R & D Program, but in any event for at least five (5) years from the Effective Date, solicit (directly or indirectly) or hire any person who was employed by CHEMGENICS or its Affiliates, whether such person is hired as an employee, investigator, independent contractor or otherwise, without the express written consent of CHEMGENICS. This restriction shall not apply to any CHEMGENICS employee who did not participate in the R&D Program and who actively seeks employment with WYETH-AYERST and initiates contact with WYETH- AYERST regarding same. 6. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ---------------------------- 6.1 DISCLOSURE OF INVENTIONS. ------------------------ Each party shall promptly inform the other and the JSC about all inventions in the Field that are conceived, made or developed in the course of carrying out the R & D Program by employees or consultants of either of them or their Affiliates alone or jointly with employees or consultants of the other party or its 44 Affiliates. The following provisions shall apply to rights in the intellectual property developed by CHEMGENICS or WYETH-AYERST, or both, during the course of carrying out the R & D Program. 6.2 OWNERSHIP. --------- 6.2.1 CHEMGENICS Intellectual Property Rights. --------------------------------------- CHEMGENICS shall have sole and exclusive ownership of all right, title and interest on a worldwide basis in and to any Technology developed solely by CHEMGENICS (collectively, the "CHEMGENICS Owned Technology"), with full rights to license or sublicense, subject to WYETH-AYERST's rights hereunder. Without limiting the foregoing, subject to the licenses granted in Section 8 hereof and WYETH-AYERST's rights under Section 8.6 hereof, CHEMGENICS shall be the sole owner of all Patent Rights, all trade secret rights and any other intellectual property rights in the CHEMGENICS Owned Technology, including the sole and exclusive right to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering for sale or importing the CHEMGENICS Owned Technology or any products based on or derived from the CHEMGENICS Compounds or any other CHEMGENICS Owned Technology. 6.2.2 WYETH-AYERST Intellectual Property Rights. ----------------------------------------- WYETH-AYERST shall have sole and exclusive ownership of all right, title and interest on a worldwide basis in and to any Technology developed solely by WYETH-AYERST without use of CHEMGENICS Technology, including any compounds obtained by WYETH-AYERST other than as a result of the R&D Program ("WYETH-AYERST Owned Technology"), with full rights to license or sublicense, 45 subject to CHEMGENICS' rights hereunder. Without limiting the foregoing, subject to the licenses granted hereunder and CHEMGENICS' rights under Section 8.6 hereof, WYETH-AYERST shall be the sole owner of all Patent Rights, all trade secret rights and any other intellectual property rights in the WYETH-AYERST Owned Technology, including the sole and exclusive right to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering for sale or importing the WYETH-AYERST Owned Technology or any products based on or derived from the WYETH-AYERST Compounds or any other WYETH-AYERST Owned Technology. 6.2.3 Joint Technology. ---------------- WYETH-AYERST and CHEMGENICS shall jointly own (a) all Technology jointly invented by both CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST in the R & D Program without the use of CHEMGENICS Technology and (b) all Technology developed by WYETH-AYERST with the use of CHEMGENICS Technology (the "Joint Technology") and shall jointly own all Joint Patent Rights. Each party shall have rights to use Joint Technology and Joint Patent Rights outside the Field, subject to the provisions of Article 2.5 hereof. 6.2.4 Rights Outside the Field. ------------------------ Except as specifically set forth herein, each party shall have the sole and exclusive right, including rights under its own interests in any Joint Technology and any Patent Rights thereon and rights to grant sublicenses thereunder, to develop, have developed, make, have made, use, distribute for sale, sell, offer for sale and import any products which are derived from its 46 Compounds other than Antibacterial Products listed on Schedule I for all uses outside the Field. 6.3 PATENT COORDINATORS. ------------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST shall each appoint a Patent Coordinator who shall serve as such party's primary liaison with the other party on matters relating to patent filing, prosecution, maintenance and enforcement. Each party may replace its Patent Coordinator at any time by notice in writing to the other party. The initial Patent Coordinators shall be designated by the parties upon execution of this Agreement. 6.4 INVENTORSHIP. ------------ In case of dispute between CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST over inventorship, the JSC, with the advice of the parties and mutually acceptable outside patent counsel, shall make the determination of the inventor(s) by application of the standards contained in United States patent law. The JSC, with the advice of the Patent Coordinators and mutually acceptable outside patent counsel, shall also, in the case of dispute, make the determination as to whether an invention is Joint Technology. 6.5 TRADEMARKS. ---------- WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates, distributors, assignees, licensees and sublicensees, shall have the absolute right to use, and in its sole discretion, register any trademarks, tradenames and/or tradedress WYETH-AYERST may choose, in connection with the Antibacterial Products licensed to it hereunder provided that the label for any such Antibacterial Product shall contain the words 47 "Manufactured under license from ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc." in reasonably prominent type, consistent with applicable regulatory and labeling requirements. Except as provided by Section 8.7.3(b)(i) hereof, CHEMGENICS shall have no right, title, or interest in or to any trademark, tradenames or tradedress which WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates, distributors, assignees, licensees or sublicensees may use on or in connection with Antibacterial Products, or the packaging, advertising, promotion, labeling, marketing or selling thereof. Further, and for so long as WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates, distributors, assignees, licensees or sublicensees shall have any interest in or to any such trademarks, tradenames, or tradedress whether as proprietor, owner, licensee, or licensor, in the Territory or any part thereof, CHEMGENICS shall not adopt, use, apply for registration, register, own or acquire such trademark, tradename or tradedress, or any mark, name or tradedress confusingly similar thereto. 7. PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE FILING, PROSECUTION --------------------------------------------- AND MAINTENANCE OF PATENT RIGHTS -------------------------------- The following provisions relate to the filing, prosecution and maintenance of Patent Rights during the term of this Agreement: 7.1 FILING OF PATENTS. ----------------- In consultation with the Patent Coordinators, the JSC will coordinate the determination of what patents will be filed on Technology developed under the R & D Program. Each party will be responsible for the filing and prosecution (including the defense 48 of interferences and similar proceedings) of any such patents for which it is the sole inventor, provided that the other party will have the opportunity to provide substantive review and comment on any such filing and prosecution. Responsibility for filing and prosecution of patents (including the defense of interferences and similar proceedings) on Joint Technology will be agreed upon by the parties on a case-by-case basis and handled by mutually acceptable outside patent counsel charged with the duty to act in the best interests of both parties. Each party shall also promptly give notice to the other of the grant, lapse, revocation, surrender, invalidation or abandonment of any Patent Rights for which it has responsibility. If at any time, either party wishes to discontinue the prosecution of any such patent(s) owned solely by it, such party shall promptly give notice of such intention to the other party. The party receiving such notice shall have the right, but not the obligation, to assume responsibility for the prosecution of any such patent(s) by giving notice to the party wishing to discontinue such prosecution of such intention within thirty (30) days and such patents shall thereafter be exclusively licensed to the party assuming the responsibility for prosecution or maintenance of the Patent Right under this Agreement, in accordance with the license grant of Section 8 hereof. 7.2 EXPENSES. -------- CHEMGENICS will bear the costs of the prosecution and maintenance of all patents for which it has prosecution and 49 maintenance responsibilities pursuant to Section 7.1 hereof in the territories of the United States, countries covered by the European Patent Office and Japan. WYETH-AYERST will determine the countries in which patent applications will be filed and shall bear the costs of the prosecution and maintenance of all patents filed pursuant to this Agreement except as set forth in the preceding sentence or the following sentence. If CHEMGENICS wishes to file a patent application on CHEMGENICS Technology in a country not selected by WYETH-AYERST, CHEMGENICS may do so at its own expense. The parties shall cooperate with each other in gaining patent term restoration or similar extensions or continuations of rights under Patent Rights. 8. LICENSE RIGHTS -------------- 8.1 LICENSE GRANTS. -------------- (a) CHEMGENICS hereby grants to WYETH-AYERST a license under Technology, Confidential Information, and Patent Rights and CHEMGENICS' interests in Joint Technology and Joint Patent Rights, co-exclusive with CHEMGENICS, to research, discover, develop, and make Compounds and to use Accepted Targets solely to discover and develop Antibacterial Products for use in the Field in accordance with the R&D Program and during the R&D Term. (b) During the Commercial License Term, as to each Antibacterial Product listed on Schedule I hereto pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.4.2 hereof which is derived from either a CHEMGENICS Compound or a WYETH-AYERST Compound, CHEMGENICS hereby grants to WYETH-AYERST an exclusive license in the Territory 50 including the right to grant sublicenses, to develop, have developed, make, have made, use, distribute for sale, offer for sale, sell and import such Antibacterial Product for use in the Field under any and all Patent Rights, Confidential Information, and Technology covering such Antibacterial Product owned by or licensed (with the right to grant sublicenses) to CHEMGENICS (including CHEMGENICS' interests in Joint Technology and Joint Patent Rights). Upon the expiration of the Commercial License Term for each Antibacterial Product, WYETH-AYERST shall have a paid up royalty free license to any and all Patent Rights, Confidential Information and Technology covering such Antibacterial Product for purposes of the manufacture, use, sale or import thereof. (c) For the avoidance of doubt, it is acknowledged that, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (i) WYETH-AYERST shall have no license from CHEMGENICS under, access to or right to use, any Patent Rights or Technology owned by or licensed to CHEMGENICS, for any purpose other than those expressly set forth in the preceding paragraphs (a) and (b) hereof, including diagnostic purposes, and (ii) CHEMGENICS shall have no license from WYETH-AYERST under, access to or right to use, any Patent Rights or Technology owned by or licensed to WYETH-AYERST, for any purpose other than those expressly set forth herein, including diagnostic purposes. 51 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 8.2 TERM OF COMMERCIAL LICENSE. -------------------------- The Commercial License Term as to each Antibacterial Product shall commence upon the issuance of an Antibacterial Product Designation pursuant to Section 2.4.2 with respect to the Antibacterial Product. The Commercial License Term for each Antibacterial Product shall continue on a country-by-country and product-by-product basis until the last to expire of the CHEMGENICS Patent Rights, WYETH-AYERST Patent Rights or Joint Patent Rights in any country in the Territory to which the license pertains, having at least one composition, method of manufacture, or therapeutic use Valid Claim that covers such composition, method of manufacture or therapeutic use, or until the expiration of [*******] from the First Commercial Sale in such country by WYETH-AYERST or its Affiliates, licensees or sublicensees of each Antibacterial Product, whichever is later. The license for each such Antibacterial Product shall be deemed a license separate and severable from licenses to other Antibacterial Products. 8.3 LICENSES AND SUBLICENSES TO THIRD PARTIES. ----------------------------------------- If WYETH-AYERST grants a license or sublicense to a third party, WYETH-AYERST shall guarantee that such licensee or sublicensee will fulfill all of WYETH-AYERST's obligations under this Agreement; provided, however, that WYETH-AYERST shall not be relieved of its obligations pursuant to this Agreement as a result of such license or sublicense. 52 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. 8.4 PAYMENT OF ROYALTIES, ROYALTY RATES, ACCOUNTING FOR --------------------------------------------------- ROYALTIES AND RECORDS. --------------------- 8.4.1 Payment of Royalties to CHEMGENICS ---------------------------------- The payment of royalties by WYETH-AYERST is in consideration of the provision of and licenses to Patents, Technology and Confidential Information granted hereunder, and for lead time provided for the acceleration of identifying novel compounds as potential products. WYETH-AYERST shall pay CHEMGENICS a royalty based on the Net Sales of Antibacterial Products in each country during the Commercial License Term for each such Antibacterial Product. For each Antibacterial Product, the royalty shall be calculated as follows: For Annual Net Sales between: Marginal Royalty: ******* ** ******* ** ******* ** Such royalty shall be determined based on total annual Net Sales of WYETH-AYERST and its Affiliates, licensees and sublicensees of each Antibacterial Product in each Fiscal Year. 8.4.2 Credits and Offsets. ------------------- Notwithstanding the foregoing, for all Net Sales by WYETH-AYERST or its Affiliates, licensees or sublicensees in the Territory of each particular Antibacterial Product, the royalty payments due to CHEMGENICS as specified above are subject to a credit equal to [*****] of any Milestone Payments made by WYETH-AYERST on such Antibacterial Product pursuant to the 53 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. provisions of Section 3.4 hereof; provided that such credits shall not reduce the royalty payable on any Antibacterial Product in any year by more than [***] of the amount otherwise payable. Such [***] of Milestone Payments will be carried forward until credited in full against royalty payments on such Antibacterial Product. 8.4.3 Reductions. ---------- In the event that Cost of Goods, plus, if applicable, royalty paid to a third party for use of an Accepted Target licensed from the third party, plus royalty payable to CHEMGENICS for any Antibacterial product, exceeds the maximum percentage of Net Sales set forth below, then the royalty for the year in which such excess occurs, after applying any credit pursuant to Section 8.4.2 hereof, will be further reduced by ********************************** provided that such reduction, together with the credits set forth in the preceding paragraph, shall not reduce the royalty on any Antibacterial Product in any year by more than of the amount otherwise payable. Costs of Goods Plus For annual Net Sales between: Royalty (%) ******* *** ******* *** ******* *** 8.4.4 Outside Technology. ------------------ If, solely as a result of the incorporation of any Outside Technology in the R & D Program as envisioned in Section 4.1, after application of the credits and reductions set forth in 8.4.2 and 8.4.3 above, the commercialization of any Antibacterial 54 Product hereunder becomes infeasible because of the overall level of royalties payable thereon, the parties will in good faith discuss the modification of the economic terms hereof in order to attempt to mitigate such circumstances. 8.4.5 Payment Dates and Reports. ------------------------- Royalties shall be paid by WYETH-AYERST on Net Sales within thirty (30) days after the end of each Fiscal Quarter in the Fiscal Year in which such Net Sales are made. Such payments shall be accompanied by a report showing the quantity and Net Sales of each Antibacterial Product sold by WYETH-AYERST or any Affiliate, licensee or sublicensee in each country, the applicable royalty rate for such Antibacterial Product, any credits or offsets to be applied, and a calculation of the amount of royalty due. 8.4.6 Accounting. ---------- The Net Sales used for computing the royalties payable to CHEMGENICS hereunder shall be computed, and royalties shall be paid, in U.S. dollars. For purposes of determining the amount of royalties due, the amount of Net Sales in any foreign currency shall be computed by converting such amount into U.S. dollars at the prevailing commercial rate of exchange for purchasing dollars with such foreign currency as reported in The Wall Street Journal on the last business day of the period to which a royalty payment relates. CHEMGENICS agrees that any tax burden levied by any countries foreign to the United States covered by this Agreement on receipt by CHEMGENICS of royalties from WYETH-AYERST under 55 this Agreement shall be borne by CHEMGENICS. In the event that such tax is required to be withheld by WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates, licensees or sublicensees, it shall deliver to CHEMGENICS a statement including the amount of tax withheld and justification therefor, and such other information as may be necessary for United States foreign tax credit purposes. 8.4.7 Records. ------- WYETH-AYERST, its Affiliates, licensees and sublicensees shall keep for five (5) years from the date of each payment of royalties complete and accurate records of sales by WYETH-AYERST and its Affiliates, licensees and sublicensees of each Antibacterial Product in sufficient detail to allow the accruing royalties to be determined accurately. CHEMGENICS shall have the right for a period of five (5) years after receiving any report or statement with respect to royalties due and payable to appoint an independent certified public accountant reasonably acceptable to WYETH-AYERST to inspect the relevant records of WYETH-AYERST and its Affiliates, licensees and sublicensees to verify such report or statement. WYETH-AYERST and its Affiliates, licensees and sublicensees shall make its records available for inspection by such independent certified public accountant during regular business hours at such place or places where such records are customarily kept, upon reasonable notice from CHEMGENICS, solely to verify the accuracy of the reports and payments. Such inspection right shall not be exercised more than once in any Fiscal Year nor more than once with respect to sales of any 56 Antibacterial Product in any given payment period. CHEMGENICS agrees, and will require that any such certified public accountant shall agree, to hold in strict confidence all information concerning royalty payments and reports, and all information learned in the course of any audit or inspection, except to the extent necessary for CHEMGENICS to reveal such information in order to enforce its rights under this Agreement or if disclosure is required by law. The results of each inspection, if any, shall be binding on both parties. CHEMGENICS shall pay for such inspections, except that in the event there is any upward adjustment in aggregate royalties payable for any Fiscal Year of the inspected party shown by such inspection of more than five percent (5%) of the amount paid, WYETH-AYERST shall pay for such inspection. 8.4.8 Overdue Royalties. ----------------- Royalties not paid within the time period set forth in Section 8.4.5 shall bear interest at a rate per month equal to one-twelfth of the annual prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal Eastern Edition on the date the payment was due from such due date until paid in full. 8.5 MANUFACTURING. ------------- Each party will have the right to manufacture or have manufactured for itself and its Affiliates and sublicensees all Products to which it has rights under this Agreement. WYETH- AYERST will have sole right to manufacture or have manufactured 57 Antibacterial Products to which it has rights hereunder for use in the Field. 8.6 LEGAL ACTION. ------------ 8.6.1 Actual or Threatened Infringement. --------------------------------- (a) In the event either party becomes aware of any possible infringement or unauthorized possession, knowledge or use in the Field of any patent or other intellectual property which is the subject matter of this Agreement (collectively, an "Infringement"), that party shall promptly notify the other party and provide it with full details. WYETH-AYERST shall be responsible for the prosecution, prevention or termination of any Infringement at WYETH-AYERST's expense and with the sharing of recoveries as specified below. If WYETH-AYERST does not commence an action to prosecute, or otherwise take steps to prevent or terminate an Infringement within one hundred and twenty (120) days from such notice, then with respect to CHEMGENICS Owned Technology and Patent Rights and Joint Technology and Joint Patent Rights, or with respect to any WYETH-AYERST Patent Rights or Technology licensed to CHEMGENICS hereunder, CHEMGENICS shall have the right and option to take such reasonable action as CHEMGENICS considers appropriate to prosecute, prevent or terminate such Infringement. If either party determines that it is necessary or desirable for the other to join any such suit, action or proceeding, the second party shall execute all papers and perform such other acts as may be reasonably required in the circumstances. 58 Each party shall, unless otherwise mutually agreed, bear the cost of any proceeding or suit under this Section 8.6.1(a) brought by it. In each case, the party bringing suit shall have the right first to reimburse itself out of any sums recovered in such suit or in its settlement for all reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney's fees, related to such suit or settlement. The remainder is next to be used to reimburse the other party for its costs and expenses so incurred. Any remaining amounts, and including as appropriate any non-monetary recovery or award, shall be divided on an equitable basis by the parties, to compensate the non-selling party for lost royalties, if any, and to compensate the party selling the product affected by the Infringement for its lost profits and market penetration. Each party shall always have the right to be represented by counsel of its own selection and at its own expense in any suit instituted under this Section by the other party for Infringement. If WYETH-AYERST lacks standing and CHEMGENICS has standing to bring any such suit, action or proceeding, then CHEMGENICS shall do so at the request of WYETH-AYERST and at WYETH-AYERST's expense. (b) In the event either party becomes aware of any possible infringement or unauthorized possession, knowledge or use outside the Field of any patent right or other intellectual property of CHEMGENICS which is the subject matter of this Agreement, that party shall promptly notify the other party and provide it with full details. CHEMGENICS shall have the right 59 and option at its own expense to take such action as may be reasonably necessary to prosecute, prevent or terminate such infringement. If CHEMGENICS reasonably determines that it is necessary for WYETH-AYERST to join any such action, suit or proceeding, WYETH-AYERST shall execute all papers and perform such other acts as may be reasonably required in the circumstances and CHEMGENICS shall reimburse WYETH-AYERST for any reasonable costs incurred in connection therewith. CHEMGENICS shall have sole right to all sums recovered in such suit or its settlement unless the parties hereto have agreed otherwise in writing. (c) In any action under this Section 8.6, the parties shall fully cooperate with and assist each other. No suit under Section 8.6.1(a) or Section 8.6.1(b) regarding CHEMGENICS' patents or intellectual property may be settled by WYETH-AYERST without CHEMGENICS' consent. No suit under Section 8.6.1(a) regarding WYETH-AYERST's patents or intellectual property licensed to CHEMGENICS hereunder may be settled by CHEMGENICS without WYETH-AYERST's consent. 8.6.2 Defense of Claims by WYETH-AYERST. --------------------------------- Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in the event that any action, suit or proceeding is brought against CHEMGENICS or WYETH-AYERST or any Affiliate, licensee or sublicensee of WYETH-AYERST alleging the infringement of the intellectual property rights of a third party by reason of the discovery, development, manufacture, use, sale, importation or offer for sale of a Antibacterial Product by WYETH-AYERST or its 60 Affiliates, licensees or sublicensees, WYETH-AYERST will have the obligation to defend CHEMGENICS in such action, suit or proceeding at WYETH-AYERST's expense. CHEMGENICS shall have the right to separate counsel at its own expense in any such action or proceeding. The parties will cooperate with each other in the defense of any such suit, action or proceeding. The parties will give each other prompt written notice of the commencement of any such suit, action or proceeding or claim of infringement and will furnish each other a copy of each communication relating to the alleged infringement. WYETH-AYERST shall not compromise, litigate, settle or otherwise dispose of any such suit, action or proceeding which involves the use of CHEMGENICS Owned Technology, Joint Technology, CHEMGENICS Patent Rights or Joint Patent Rights without CHEMGENICS' advice and prior consent, provided that CHEMGENICS shall not unreasonably withhold its consent to any settlement which does not have a material adverse effect on CHEMGENICS or CHEMGENICS' business. 8.7 TERMINATION AND DISENGAGEMENT. ----------------------------- 8.7.1 Events of Termination. --------------------- The events which permit a party to terminate the R & D Program as set forth in Sections 2.3.3(a) (taking into account the applicable cure periods) and 2.3.3(b) hereof with respect to the R&D Program shall also permit such party to terminate all of the licenses granted by such party hereunder ("Events of Termination"). The breach by either party of its obligation to pay any amount due hereunder with respect to a particular Antibacterial Product or the breach by either party of any other 61 material obligation or condition with respect to a particular Antibacterial Product, including without limitation a breach by WYETH-AYERST of its guarantee under Section 12.11, shall constitute a "License Termination Event" hereunder with respect to the breaching party solely with respect to the license hereunder for such particular Antibacterial Product. 8.7.2 Termination. ----------- Upon the occurrence of any Event of Termination, the terminating party may, by written notice to the other party, terminate this Agreement or any or all of the licenses provided under this Agreement subject to the same periods of cure and other conditions as detailed in Section 2.3.3(a), (b), (d) and (e), said Sections incorporated herein mutatis mutandis. Upon the occurrence of any License Termination Event with respect to a particular Antibacterial Product, the terminating party may terminate the license with respect to the Antibacterial Product involved in such License Termination Event, effective thirty (30) days after giving written notice of such termination in the case of a payment breach and ninety (90) days after giving written notice of such termination in case of any other material breach, which notice shall describe the License Termination Event in reasonable detail. The foregoing notwithstanding, (i) if the License Termination Event is cured or shown to be non-existent within the aforesaid thirty (30) day or ninety (90) day period, the notice of termination shall be deemed automatically withdrawn and of no effect, and (ii) as to an alleged breach expressly set forth with reasonable detail to be the subject of a good faith 62 dispute as to whether or not such payment is due and owing or whether a breach of another material obligation or condition has occurred within the aforesaid thirty (30) day or ninety (90) day period, the running of the remainder of the thirty (30) day or ninety (90) day period shall be tolled until the dispute is resolved. A License Termination Event which relates solely to any given license shall not be grounds for terminating this Agreement in its entirety or terminating any other license for any other Antibacterial Product. 8.7.3 Effect of Termination. --------------------- (a) EFFECT OF TERMINATION ON LICENSE FROM CHEMGENICS. Upon termination by CHEMGENICS under Section 2.3.3(a), 2.3.3(b) or Section 8.7.2 hereof of any licenses granted to WYETH-AYERST hereunder with respect to any Antibacterial Product, all rights to the Antibacterial Product covered by such terminated license granted by CHEMGENICS to WYETH-AYERST hereunder under such terminated licenses shall immediately and automatically revert to CHEMGENICS. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, all licenses and sublicenses granted by CHEMGENICS to WYETH-AYERST hereunder to the Antibacterial Product shall terminate automatically and WYETH-AYERST shall promptly transfer to CHEMGENICS all documents, instruments, and records embodying CHEMGENICS Technology and Joint Technology in its possession with respect to such Antibacterial Product without retaining any copies thereof. In such case, CHEMGENICS shall have the option to grant a direct license to any sublicensee of WYETH-AYERST with respect to such Antibacterial Product. 63 (b) LICENSE FROM WYETH-AYERST AND TRANSFER OF REGULATORY APPLICATIONS. Upon termination by CHEMGENICS under Section 2.3.3(a), 2.3.3(b), or 8.7.2 of any license granted to WYETH-AYERST hereunder with respect to any Antibacterial Product and in the event that WYETH-AYERST is not developing or commercializing another Antibacterial Product in the same Activity Profile, WYETH-AYERST shall (i) grant CHEMGENICS an exclusive license under all of WYETH-AYERST's rights and interests in all Patent Rights, Joint Patents, Technology, and Joint Technology, and in all trademarks used uniquely and solely by WYETH-AYERST with respect to such Antibacterial Product, to develop, make, have made, use, offer for sale, distribute for sale, sell and import such Antibacterial Product in the Territory, or, in WYETH AYERST'S sole discretion and in lieu of such exclusive licenses, assign to CHEMGENICS any and all of its right, title, and interest in and to all or a portion of such Patents, Technology, or trademarks. In either event, CHEMGENICS shall assume all subsequent costs associated with searching, filing, prosecuting and maintenance of any such Patents, Technology or trademarks. Further, and provided to do so would not be in conflict with any legal or regulatory duties of WYETH-AYERST or its Affiliates, WYETH-AYERST shall: (ii) grant CHEMGENICS the right to use applicable WYETH-AYERST regulatory submissions, registrations, and approvals, or, where permissible by law or regulation in the 64 particular country in question, assign to CHEMGENICS any such regulatory submission, registration, or approval in lieu of such grant of a right to use. (c) DOCUMENTATION. At the request of CHEMGENICS, WYETH-AYERST shall execute and deliver such bills of sale, assignments and licenses and other documents as may be necessary to fully vest in CHEMGENICS all right, title and interest to which it is entitled as aforesaid pursuant to this Section 8.7.3. 8.7.4 Surviving Provisions. -------------------- Termination of this Agreement for any reason shall be without prejudice to: (a) the rights and obligations of the parties provided in Sections 2.8, 3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.2, 8.8, 8.9, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1 and Section 12, all of which shall survive such termination; (b) CHEMGENICS' right to receive all research goal, milestone, royalty and other payments earned and/or accrued prior to termination hereunder; and (c) any other rights or remedies which either party may otherwise have against the other. 8.8 WARRANTY DISCLAIMER. ------------------- EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT, NEITHER PARTY MAKES ANY WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO ANY TECHNOLOGY, GOODS, SERVICES, RIGHTS OR OTHER SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT AND HEREBY DISCLAIMS WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL OF THE FOREGOING. 65 8.9 LIMITED LIABILITY. ----------------- NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING ELSE IN THIS AGREEMENT OR OTHERWISE, NEITHER CHEMGENICS NOR WYETH-AYERST WILL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER WITH RESPECT TO ANY SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT UNDER ANY CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHER LEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY FOR (I) ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OR LOST PROFITS OR (II) COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, TECHNOLOGY OR SERVICES. 9. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES ------------------------------ 9.1 MUTUAL REPRESENTATIONS. ---------------------- CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST each represents and warrants as follows: 9.1.1 Organization. ------------ It is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and is in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, and it and its Affiliates are qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the performance of its obligations hereunder requires such qualification and has all requisite power and authority, corporate or otherwise, to conduct its business as now being conducted, to own, lease and operate its properties and to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement. 9.1.2 Authorization. ------------- The execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not and will not (a) require any consent or approval of its stockholders or (b) violate any provision of any 66 law, rule, regulation, order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award presently in effect having applicability to it or any provision of its charter documents. 9.1.3 Binding Agreement. ----------------- This Agreement is a legal, valid and binding obligation of it enforceable against it in accordance with its terms and conditions. 9.1.4 No Inconsistent Obligation. -------------------------- It is not under any obligation to any person, or entity, contractual or otherwise, that is conflicting or inconsistent in any respect with the terms of this Agreement or that would impede the diligent and complete fulfillment of its obligations. 9.1.5 Governmental Consents. --------------------- No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, qualification, designation, declaration or filing with, any federal, state or local governmental authority is required on the part of either party in connection with the valid execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Stock Purchase Agreement of even date herewith, except for any filings under any applicable securities laws and except for any filing under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended.. The filings under securities laws, if any, will be affected by CHEMGENICS at its cost within the applicable stipulated statutory period. Any filings under the Hart-Scott- Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act, if any, will be effected by the parties hereto within twenty-one (21) days after the Effective Date. If a Hart-Scott-Rodino filing is effected by the 67 parties, the costs attendant thereto shall be borne equally by the parties. If this Agreement is enjoined under Hart-Scott- Rodino, then this Agreement and the Stock Purchase Agreement shall be null and void and the initial equity payment under Section 3.1.1 and the initial research funding under Section 3.2 shall be returned to WYETH-AYERST and WYETH-AYERST shall return the certificate for the shares purchased pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement to CHEMGENICS. 9.1.6 Intellectual Property. --------------------- It (a) owns or is the licensee in good standing of all Patent Rights, trade secrets and other intellectual property to be used by it in connection with this Agreement; (b) has received no notice of infringement or misappropriation of any alleged rights asserted by any third party in relation to any technology to be used by it in connection herewith; (c) is not in default with respect to any license agreement related hereto; and (d) is not aware of any patent, trade secret or other right of any third party which could materially adversely affect its ability to carry out its responsibilities hereunder, or the other party's ability to exercise or exploit any license granted to it under this Agreement. Such party agrees to immediately notify the other party in writing in the event such party hereafter receives a notice of the type referred to in (b) above, becomes in default under any license agreement referred to in (c) above, or becomes aware of any patent, trade secret or other right of the nature referred to in (d) above. 9.1.7. Litigation. ---------- 68 There is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation pending or currently threatened against it which questions the validity of this Agreement or the right to enter into such instrument or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. 10. INDEMNIFICATION --------------- 10.1 INDEMNIFICATION OF CHEMGENICS BY WYETH-AYERST. --------------------------------------------- WYETH-AYERST shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless CHEMGENICS, its Affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, and agents and their respective successors, heirs and assigns (the "CHEMGENICS Indemnitees"), against any liability, damage, loss or expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses of litigation) incurred by or imposed upon the CHEMGENICS Indemnitees, or any of them, in connection with any claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments of third parties, including without limitation personal injury and product liability matters (except in cases where such claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments result from a willful material breach of this Agreement, gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of CHEMGENICS) arising directly out of any actions of WYETH-AYERST in the performance of the R & D Program or arising out of the development, testing, production, manufacture, promotion, import, sale or use by any person of any Antibacterial Product manufactured or sold by WYETH-AYERST or by an Affiliate, licensee, sublicensee, distributor or agent of WYETH-AYERST. 10.2 INDEMNIFICATION OF WYETH-AYERST BY CHEMGENICS. --------------------------------------------- 69 CHEMGENICS shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless WYETH- AYERST, its Affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, and agents and their respective successors, heirs and assigns (the "WYETH-AYERST Indemnitees"), against any liability, damage, loss or expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses of litigation) incurred by or imposed upon the WYETH- AYERST Indemnitees, or any one of them, in connection with any claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments of third parties, (except in cases where such claims, suits, actions, demands or judgments result from a willful material breach of this Agreement, gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of WYETH-AYERST), arising directly out of any actions of CHEMGENICS in the performance of the R & D Program or arising out of the development, testing, production, manufacture, promotion, import, sale or use by any person of any Antibacterial Product manufactured or sold by CHEMGENICS or by an Affiliate, licensee, sublicensee, distributor or agent of CHEMGENICS. 11. DISPUTE RESOLUTION ------------------ 11.1 SENIOR OFFICIALS. ---------------- The parties recognize that a bona fide dispute as to certain matters may from time to time arise during the term of this Agreement which relates to either party's rights and/or obligations hereunder. In the event of the occurrence of such a dispute, either party may, by notice to the other party, have such dispute referred to their respective senior officials designated below or their successors, for attempted resolution by good faith negotiations within thirty (30) days after such notice 70 is received. Said senior officials shall be designated by the parties upon execution of this Agreement. 12. MISCELLANEOUS ------------- 12.1 PAYMENT METHOD. -------------- Each payment to CHEMGENICS under this Agreement shall be paid by WYETH-AYERST in U.S. currency by wire transfer of funds to an account of CHEMGENICS in accordance with instructions provided by CHEMGENICS. 12.2 NOTICES. ------- All notices shall be in writing mailed via certified mail, return receipt requested, courier providing evidence of delivery, or facsimile transmission with confirmation of receipt requested, addressed as follows, or to such other address as may be designated by notice so given from time to time: If to WYETH-AYERST: WYETH-AYERST LABORATORIES 555 East Lancaster Avenue St. Davids, Pennsylvania 19087 Attention: Senior Vice President Global Business Development With a copy to: Associate General Counsel Patents and Trademarks AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Five Giralda Farms Madison, New Jersey 07940 If to CHEMGENICS: CHEMGENICS Pharmaceuticals Inc. One Kendall Square, Building 300 Cambridge, MA 02139 Attention: Chief Executive Officer With a copy to: Jeffrey M. Wiesen, Esq. Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. One Financial Center Boston, MA 02111 71 If to the JSC: To the Chair and Co-Chair at their respective addresses furnished in writing to the parties If to the Patent Coordinators: To the two Patent Coordinators at their respective addresses furnished in writing to the parties Notices shall be deemed given as of the date received as evidenced by confirmation of receipt. 12.3 GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION. ------------------------------ This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the state of New Jersey, U.S.A., without regard to the application of principles of conflicts of law, except with regard to issues of patent law, which shall be determined with reference to the substantive laws of the country in question. 72 12.4 BINDING EFFECT. -------------- This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns. 12.5 HEADINGS. -------- Section and subsection headings are inserted for convenience of reference only and do not form a part of this Agreement. 12.6 COUNTERPARTS. ------------ This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original. 12.7 AMENDMENT; WAIVER. ----------------- This Agreement may be amended, modified, superseded or canceled, and any of the terms may be waived, only by a written instrument executed by each party or, in the case of waiver, by the party or parties waiving compliance. The delay or failure of any party at any time or times to require performance of any provisions shall in no manner affect the rights at a later time to enforce the same. No waiver by any party of any condition or of the breach of any term contained in this Agreement, whether by conduct, or otherwise, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be, or considered as, a further or continuing waiver of any such condition or of the breach of such term or any other term of this Agreement. 73 12.8 NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. ---------------------------- Except as set forth in Section 10, no third party, including any employee of any party to this Agreement, shall have or acquire any rights by reason of this Agreement. 12.9 NO AGENCY OR PARTNERSHIP. ------------------------ Nothing contained in this Agreement shall give either party the right to bind the other, or be deemed to constitute the parties as agents for the other or as partners with each other or any third party. 12.10 ASSIGNMENT AND SUCCESSORS. ------------------------- This Agreement may not be assigned by either party without the consent of the other, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, except that each party may, without such consent, assign this Agreement and the rights, obligations and interests of such party, in whole or in part, to any of its Affiliates, to any purchaser of all or substantially all of its assets to which the subject matter of the Agreement relates, or to any successor corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation of such party with or into such corporation. 12.11 AFFILIATE AGREEMENTS. -------------------- WYETH-AYERST may, from time to time after Pre-Project Status has been granted to an Antibacterial Product, request and CHEMGENICS agrees to execute separate license agreements for such Antibacterial Product under Section 8.1(b) hereof in mutually satisfactory form ("Affiliate Agreements") separately granting to American Home Products Corporation, or separately granting directly to any Affiliate, equivalent rights as granted to WYETH- 74 AYERST in Section 8.1(b) hereof, in any country or countries other than the United States within the Territory. Any such Affiliate Agreement entering into force under this Section shall be prepared by WYETH-AYERST, subject to review and approval by CHEMGENICS, and shall contain terms and conditions consistent with those of this Agreement, subject only to such modifications as may be required by the laws or regulations of the country or countries having jurisdiction over any such Affiliate Agreement, including, but not limited to, governmentally required changes in the rate of payment, restrictions against the remittance thereof and limitations upon the term or duration of any such Affiliate Agreement. If the terms of any such Affiliate Agreement are varied from the terms of this Agreement because of local law or regulation, WYETH-AYERST shall enter into an amendment hereof requiring WYETH-AYERST to fully compensate CHEMGENICS according to the terms hereof, including, without limitation, compensation for any additional tax imposed on CHEMGENICS. WYETH-AYERST hereby fully guarantees performance of each Affiliate under any such Affiliate Agreement. In those countries in which any such Affiliate Agreement requires prior government approval or registration, such Affiliate Agreement shall not be binding or have any force or effect until the required government approval or registration has been granted. All Affiliate Agreements shall be deemed to be severable and independent with respect to this Agreement and to each other except that CHEMGENICS shall have the right to terminate all Affiliate Agreements upon termination of this Agreement. The parties agree that it is their mutual 75 understanding that CHEMGENICS shall not incur any additional cost or economic detriment as a result of any Affiliate Agreement. 12.12 FORCE MAJEURE. ------------- Neither WYETH-AYERST nor CHEMGENICS shall be liable for failure of or delay in performing obligations set forth in this Agreement, and neither shall be deemed in breach of its obligations, if such failure or delay is due to natural disasters or any causes beyond the reasonable control of WYETH-AYERST or CHEMGENICS. In event of such force majeure, the party affected thereby shall use reasonable efforts to cure or overcome the same and resume performance of its obligations hereunder. If such force majeure continues for a period longer than one (1) year, the party not affected thereby may, for purposes of termination of this Agreement or any license hereunder, treat the failure or delay as if it were not caused by force majeure but the party affected by the force majeure shall nonetheless have no other liability for such failure or delay. 12.13 INTERPRETATION. -------------- The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that: (i) each party and its counsel reviewed and negotiated the terms and provisions of this Agreement and have contributed to its revision; (ii) the rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of this Agreement; and (iii) the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be construed fairly as to all parties hereto and not in a favor of or against any 76 party, regardless of which party was generally responsible for the preparation of this Agreement. 12.14 INTEGRATION; SEVERABILITY. ------------------------- This Agreement is the sole agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all other agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to same, including but not limited to the Confidentiality Agreement between CHEMGENICS and WYETH-AYERST dated April 24, 1996 (the "Superseded Confidentiality Agreement"). If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes invalid or is ruled invalid by any court of competent jurisdiction or is deemed unenforceable, it is the intention of the parties that the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected. 12.15 EXPORT CONTROLS. --------------- This Agreement is made subject to any restrictions concerning the export of Antibacterial Products, Confidential Information, or Technology from the United States which may be imposed upon or related to either party to this Agreement from time to time by the Government of the United States. Neither party will export, directly or indirectly, any Confidential Information, Technology or any Antibacterial Products utilizing such Confidential Information or Technology to any countries for which the United States Government or any agency thereof at the time of export requires an export license or other governmental approval, without first obtaining the written consent to do so from the Department of Commerce or other agency of the United 77 States Government when required by applicable statute or regulation. 12.16 SECTION 365(n) OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE. ------------------------------------- All rights and licenses granted under or pursuant to any section of this Agreement are, and shall otherwise be, deemed to be, for purposes of Section 365(n) of the Bankruptcy Code, licenses of rights to "intellectual property" as defined under Section 101(35A) of the Bankruptcy Code. The Parties shall retain and may fully exercise all of their respective rights and elections under the Bankruptcy Code. Upon the bankruptcy of either Party, the non-bankrupt Party shall further be entitled to a complete duplicate of (or complete access to, as appropriate) any such intellectual property, and such, if not already in its possession, shall be promptly delivered to the non-bankrupt Party. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives. AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORPORATION REPRESENTED BY ITS WYETH-AYERST LABORATORIES DIVISION By: /s/ Fred Hasse ------------------------- Title: EVP, AHP ------------------------- Date: 11-27-96 ------------------------- CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: /s/ Barry Berkowitz ------------------------- Title: Chief Executive Officer ------------------------- Date: 11/27/96 ------------------------- 78 SCHEDULE I Antibacterial Products ---------------------- 79 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. EXHIBIT 1 ACTIVITY PROFILES ----------------- ************************************************** ****** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** EX-10.43 5 LICENSE AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.43 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. LICENSE AGREEMENT LICENSE AGREEMENT (this "AGREEMENT"), dated as of June 28, 1996, between PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, PERSEPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES II CORPORATION ("PTC-II"), a Delaware corporation, and VESTEC CORPORATION, a Texas corporation ("VESTEC"), (collectively, "PERSEPTIVE"), and CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC., a Delaware corporation ("CHEMGENICS"). All capitalized terms shall have the respective meanings set forth in Section 1 hereof and Schedule A hereto. R E C I T A L S : A. PerSeptive and ChemGenics are parties to a Master Agreement dated as of May __, 1996 (the "MASTER AGREEMENT"). B. PerSeptive is the owner or licensee of rights in certain Technology and certain patent rights relating thereto. C. PerSeptive is willing to grant to ChemGenics and ChemGenics desires to acquire from PerSeptive, a non-exclusive worldwide license within the Field, under such Technology and patent rights for the purpose of allowing ChemGenics to discover drugs and develop, market, sell, import and/or deliver, certain Products and Services. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and in order to induce each other to enter into the Master Agreement, PerSeptive and ChemGenics hereby agree as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS. 1.1. DEFINITIONS. As used herein, capitalized terms shall have the respective meanings set forth below and in Schedule A attached hereto, which is incorporated by this reference as though fully set forth herein. 1.2. SINGULAR AND PLURAL. Singular and plural forms, as the case may be, of terms defined herein shall have correlative meanings. 2. GRANT OF LICENSES. 2.1. GRANT OF LICENSE TO CHEMGENICS. 2.1.1. PERSEPTIVE PATENT RIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED TECHNOLOGY. (a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, PerSeptive hereby grants to ChemGenics a non-exclusive, irrevocable, worldwide, royalty-free fully paid right and 2 - 2 - license, terminable only as set forth in Sections 9.2, 9.3 or 9.4, solely within the Field, to (a) develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell and import any Products and/or to provide any Services the use, manufacture, sale or provision of which is Covered By one or more claims of the PerSeptive Patent Rights and (b) develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell and import any Products and/or provide any Services incorporating, utilizing, manufactured using, based upon, arising out of, or derived from the Associated Technology. In addition, to the extent that ChemGenics acquires, or acquires the right to use, any PerSeptive products (including any prototypes or "beta-test" products) pursuant to this Agreement, the Master Agreement any other agreement executed in connection therewith, ChemGenics shall have all rights which ChemGenics would have under PerSeptive's standard User Licenses to use such products as if ChemGenics were a customer of PerSeptive or a purchaser in the market of such PerSeptive products. Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement, neither ChemGenics nor any Partner shall have any right or license to the Licensed Technology which is PerSeptive Patent Rights or Confidential Information of PerSeptive to develop, make, have made, offer to sell, sell or otherwise distribute Products that are Tools which are Covered By PerSeptive Patent Rights or which are based upon, arise out of, use or are derived from Licensed Technology which is Confidential Information of PerSeptive; and ChemGenics shall not have the right to grant sublicenses of the Licensed Technology except to the extent necessary to permit any Partner of ChemGenics to conduct research and/or development within the Field on such Partner's premises pursuant to the terms of such Partner's agreement with ChemGenics or to manufacture and sell any drugs developed in conjunction with ChemGenics pursuant to such agreement and subject to the confidentiality and non-use obligations of Section 5.3 hereof; provided that no such Partner shall thereby have any right or license to (i) make, have made, offer to sell, sell, license or otherwise distribute any products or to deliver any services to any Person the use of which is Covered By the PerSeptive Patent Rights or which incorporates, utilizes, is manufactured using, is based upon, arises out of, or is derived from the Associated Technology except for drugs developed in conjunction with ChemGenics; or (ii) practice the Licensed Technology on or in connection with the making, use or operation of any Tools unless such right has been acquired from PerSeptive outside of this Agreement. (b) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, PerSeptive further grants to ChemGenics an exclusive, irrevocable, worldwide, royalty free fully paid right and license, terminable only as set forth in Section 9.3, to all PerSeptive Patent Rights and Associated Technology, that (i) arise out of the research projects listed on Schedule D which were part of the Drug Discovery Program (as defined in the Master Agreement), and (ii) specifically relate to the potential drugs, drug candidates and drug targets which were the subject of those research projects (the foregoing PerSeptive Patent Rights and Associated Technology being called the "Discovery Program Technology"), to develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell and import such drugs, drug candidates or drug targets. PerSeptive expressly reserves all rights (subject to the license in the Field granted in Section 2.1.1(a)) to the Discovery Program Technology for all uses other than as drugs, drug candidates, or drug targets; provided, however, that PerSeptive shall not offer for sale, sell or distribute (or license any Person to do so) any compound or molecule which is part of the Discovery Program Technology for any use which would interfere with or adversely affect (i) ChemGenics' ability to market a compound or molecule which is part of the Discovery 3 - 3 - Program Technology as a drug, drug candidate, or drug target or (ii) ChemGenics' profitability from such marketing; provided, further, that the restriction in the preceding clause shall not restrict PerSeptive's rights in the PerSeptive Field. (c) For the avoidance of doubt, it is acknowledged and agreed that the foregoing rights and licenses include the right to (i) develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell and import Products which are diagnostic analytes or reagents or targets which are not Covered By PerSeptive Patent Rights or which are not Licensed Technology which is Confidential Information for specific diseases or patient conditions and Products for diagnostic use which incorporate such analytes or reagents or targets, and (ii) grant rights to Partners to do so. 2.1.2. RESTRICTIONS ON FUTURE LICENSES. PerSeptive agrees that, without the prior consent of ChemGenics, it shall not (a) utilize the Licensed Technology in the Field or (b) grant a license or other right to any third party to do the same, provided, however, that, without ChemGenics' consent, PerSeptive may grant to purchasers of its products restricted or unrestricted User Licenses within or outside the Field and may provide and perform and permit others to perform pre- and post-sale service, consistent with PerSeptive's current practice, related to such products within or outside the Field. Except for the licenses and rights granted by Section 2.1.1 hereof and the restrictions contained in the preceding sentence, PerSeptive reserves the exclusive (against ChemGenics and all other Persons) worldwide right to develop and use, and to license to any Person and authorize further sublicenses with respect to, the Associated Technology and the PerSeptive Patent Rights and to develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell and import products and/or provide services utilizing or Covered By the Licensed Technology within or outside of the Field. 2.1.3. THIRD-PARTY TRANSFERS OF RIGHTS TO PERSEPTIVE. In the event that PerSeptive has licensed from a third party any of the Licensed Technology licensed to ChemGenics pursuant to Section 2.1.1 hereof, PerSeptive hereby grants to ChemGenics a non-exclusive license of such Licensed Technology to the extent that, and for as long as, PerSeptive can provide such rights and subject to any royalty obligations as hereinafter provided. With respect to any patent rights or Technology granted or assigned to PerSeptive in the future pursuant to an agreement with any Person other than ChemGenics, the license granted to ChemGenics hereunder shall be no greater in scope than the rights that PerSeptive has a right to grant under such agreement and shall be otherwise subject to any obligations assumed by PerSeptive in consideration of the grant or assignment of such rights to PerSeptive which are to be sublicensed to ChemGenics. PerSeptive agrees that in negotiating any such agreement with a Person other than ChemGenics, it will use reasonable efforts to obtain the right to fully license ChemGenics hereunder for all such patent rights or Technology in the Field. In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between any provision of any such sublicense to ChemGenics and any provisions of Sections 5.3, 5.4, 7, 8 or 13 of this Agreement, the said provisions of this Agreement shall prevail. ChemGenics shall not take any action, or fail to take any action within its control, that would constitute or give rise to a breach or other violation by PerSeptive of any such agreement. Without limiting the foregoing, to the extent that the sale or other action by ChemGenics or its permitted 4 - 4 - sublicensees of Products would give rise to a royalty or other payment obligation under any such agreement, ChemGenics shall pay and require its sublicensees to pay such amount. In the event that PerSeptive acquires for value from a Person other than ChemGenics after the date hereof during the period this Agreement is in effect patent rights or Technology useful in development of Products or Services in the Field, nothing in this Agreement or any other agreement between the parties, other than Section 2.1.2 hereof, shall be construed to prohibit or restrict PerSeptive from continuing to manufacture and sell any product so acquired or from selling, licensing, or developing the acquired patent rights or Technology and any successor product or improved product so developed, and any such patent rights or Technology acquired after the date of this Agreement shall be licensed non-exclusively to ChemGenics in the Field subject to the terms of Sections 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 and this Section 2.1.3. 2.2. NO RESTRICTIONS ON PERSEPTIVE'S OTHER BUSINESSES. Nothing in this Agreement shall be interpreted to preclude PerSeptive or any of its Affiliates or licensees or sublicensees from engaging in its current business of designing, manufacturing, marketing, selling and licensing products and instrumentation systems for the purification, synthesis, sequencing or analysis of biomolecules and providing tools to the life sciences industry, or from making, selling or licensing, to any Person and for any purpose within or outside the Field, instruments, equipment, machinery, apparatus, devices, media, reagents, compounds, resins, activators, linkers, particles, supports and other materials and substances (including, without limitation, oligomers, peptides and other molecules), tools or other products (and systems comprising the foregoing) or from providing any services outside the Field or any pre- and post-sale services, consistent with PerSeptive's current practice, related to the sale or license of the foregoing within the Field for or capable of, biomolecular purification, diagnosis, synthesis, sequencing or analysis incorporating, utilizing, manufactured using, based upon, arising out of, or derived from any Licensed Technology, including without limitation POROS(R) media, chromatography columns, separation devices, computer workstations, mass spectrometers, synthesizers, sequencers and other instruments and equipment. 2.3 NO RESTRICTIONS ON CHEMGENICS DRUG COMMERCIALIZATION. Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent ChemGenics or its Partners from developing, making, having made, selling, licensing or otherwise commercializing and distributing (i) any drugs or drug candidates discovered by ChemGenics or its Partners with or without the use of the Licensed Technology, and (ii) any Tools which are not Covered By PerSeptive Patent Rights or which do not incorporate, utilize or arise out of and are not manufactured, using and are not based upon or derived from Associated Technology which is Confidential Information. The foregoing shall not relieve ChemGenics from its obligations under the Non-Competition Agreement (as defined in the Master Agreement). 2.4. RIGHTS TO JOINTLY DEVELOPED INVENTIONS. 2.4.1. JOINT INVENTIONS JOINTLY OWNED. All right, title and interest to any inventions or improvements within or outside the Field developed jointly by the Parties shall be the joint property of the Parties. Joint inventorship shall be determined in 5 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. - 5 - accordance with United States Patent Law; provided however, that for the avoidance of doubt, it is acknowledged and agreed that the use or incorporation by ChemGenics of Licensed Technology in the making of an invention or improvement will not, by itself, make such invention or improvement jointly owned. 2.4.2. JOINT INVENTIONS IN THE FIELD. If ChemGenics shall determine that any joint inventions or improvements made within five (5) years from the date hereof shall be primarily and significantly useful in the Field, it shall so notify PerSeptive in writing and, PerSeptive shall be precluded from selling, licensing or otherwise distributing any Tools (i) which are Covered By patents or patent applications claiming or, (ii) incorporating, manufactured using, based upon, using, arising out of or derived from, such invention or improvement to any third party for a period of [*******] following the date that the invention or improvement was made. If PerSeptive shall object to such determination in writing within thirty (30) days after such notice, the Parties shall negotiate in good faith to resolve whether such invention or improvement is primarily and significantly useful in the Field and if they cannot, the matter shall be referred to and determined by arbitration in accordance with Section 15 hereof. 2.4.3. RESTRICTIONS ON LICENSING JOINT INVENTIONS. Without the prior written consent of PerSeptive, ChemGenics shall not grant a license or other right to any third party to develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import, license or otherwise distribute any Tools in the PerSeptive Field Covered By, using, arising out of or derived from any invention or improvement jointly owned by the Parties. Without the prior written consent of ChemGenics, PerSeptive shall not grant a license or other right to any third party to use or practice any invention or improvement jointly owned by the Parties, or to develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import or otherwise distribute any products or deliver any services, in the Field Covered By, using, arising out of or derived from any such joint invention or improvement; provided, however, pursuant to Section 2.4.2 hereof, PerSeptive shall have the right to grant restricted or unrestricted User Licenses and provide and perform and permit others to perform pre- and post-sale services, consistent with PerSeptive's current practice, to purchasers of or related to Tools that may be Covered By, use, arise out of or be derived from any such joint invention or improvement. 2.4.4. JOINT INVENTIONS WHICH ARE DRUGS. In the event that any joint invention is a drug or drug candidate, PerSeptive hereby grants to ChemGenics an exclusive, irrevocable, worldwide, royalty free, fully paid right and license, terminable only as set forth in Section 9.3, to the Licensed Technology to the extent necessary to further develop, and to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell and import such drug or drug candidate. 6 - 6 - 3. PAYMENT. The consideration delivered to PerSeptive on the Closing Date in accordance with the Master Agreement, by ChemGenics (excluding the Earnout Shares, as defined therein) shall constitute the consideration for PerSeptive's entering into this Agreement. The Parties agree that no future performance is required by PerSeptive during the term of this Agreement or otherwise in order to earn the consideration described in this Section 3. 4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. 4.1. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF PERSEPTIVE. PerSeptive PTC-II and Vestec represent, warrant and covenant to ChemGenics as follows: 4.1.1. Each of PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., PTC-II and Vestec is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of incorporation with corporate powers adequate for executing and delivering, and performing its obligations under, this Agreement; 4.1.2. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., PTC-II and Vestec; 4.1.3. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by PerSeptive and PTC-II and is a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., PTC-II and Vestec, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms; 4.1.4. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement do not and will not conflict with or contravene any provision of the charter documents or by-laws of PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., PTC-II or Vestec or any agreement, document, instrument, indenture or other obligation of PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., PTC-II or Vestec; and 4.1.5. Neither PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., PTC-II nor Vestec shall enter into any agreement, make any commitment, take any action or fail to take any action that would contravene any material provision of, or materially derogate or restrict any of the rights and licenses granted to ChemGenics under, this Agreement. 4.1.6. PerSeptive shall grant ChemGenics reasonable access to any prototype systems, instruments or other equipment (including any reagents or media relating thereto) relevant to the Field, at such time as PerSeptive shall reasonably deem access by third parties to such prototype is appropriate, and subject to reasonable terms and conditions. In the event that PerSeptive wishes to "beta test" any such system, instrument, equipment, reagents or media on the premises of one or more of its customers, PerSeptive shall give ChemGenics the opportunity, if ChemGenics so chooses, to be one of the first such beta-test sites, subject to reasonable terms and conditions. 7 - 7 - 4.1.7. Schedule B sets forth a list of all patents and patent applications currently owned or exclusively licensed by PerSeptive, including all patents and patent applications used in the Drug Discovery Program (as defined in the Master Agreement). To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, all patents listed in Schedule B are valid and in full force and all applications listed therein as pending have been prosecuted in good faith as required by law and are in good standing. To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, there has been no infringement by PerSeptive or its Affiliates with respect to any patent rights of others in the conduct or operation of the Drug Discovery Program. Except as disclosed in Schedule B, none of the patents or patent applications listed or described in Schedule B is involved in any interference or opposition proceeding, and there has been no written notice received by the Seller or any of its affiliates or any other indication that any such proceeding will hereafter be commenced. Also, included in Schedule B is a list of all exclusive licenses and license agreements, and the patents and patent applications covered thereby, relating to Licensed Technology that have been of significant use by PerSeptive in the Drug Discovery Program during the two year period ending on April 30, 1996. To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, all of the licenses listed or described in Schedule B are legally valid and binding and in full force and effect. PerSeptive is not in default under any such license and, to the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, there are no defaults by any other party to any such license. None of PerSeptive's rights thereunder will be impaired by the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Except as described in Schedule B, PerSeptive has not granted any person or entity any exclusive right to use any of the patents or patent applications listed therein for any purpose. 4.2. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF CHEMGENICS. ChemGenics represents, warrants and covenants to PerSeptive as follows: 4.2.1. ChemGenics is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware with corporate powers adequate for executing and delivering, and performing its obligations under, this Agreement; 4.2.2. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of ChemGenics; 4.2.3. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by ChemGenics and is a legal, valid and binding obligation of ChemGenics, enforceable against ChemGenics in accordance with its terms; 4.2.4. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement do not and will not conflict with or contravene any provision of the charter documents or by-laws of ChemGenics or any agreement, document, instrument, indenture or other obligation of ChemGenics; and 4.2.5. ChemGenics shall not enter into any agreement, make any commitment, take any action or fail to take any action that would contravene any material provisions of, or materially derogate or restrict any of the rights and licenses granted to, PerSeptive under this Agreement. 8 - 8 - 5. DISCLOSURE OF LICENSED TECHNOLOGY. 5.1. DOCUMENTATION AND ACCESS. Upon request by ChemGenics from time to time, PerSeptive shall, within a reasonable time thereafter, deliver to ChemGenics copies of reasonable then-existing documentation describing the Licensed Technology which is reasonably related to the scope of ChemGenics's activities within the Field. PerSeptive shall give access to and use reasonable efforts to keep ChemGenics apprised of all ongoing and future Licensed Technology created by PerSeptive and its Affiliates which is or may be useful in the Field, and shall reasonably cooperate with and provide advice to ChemGenics with respect to the implementation of new Technology which is Licensed Technology in the Field subject to the terms of this Agreement, it being understood that the level of effort required by this Section is less than the level of effort required by the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement (as defined in the Master Agreement). PerSeptive further agrees, at the request of ChemGenics, to provide reasonable additional consulting services to ChemGenics in return for commercially reasonable compensation. PerSeptive shall at all times during the term of this Agreement provide ChemGenics with access to PerSeptive's patent applications and notify ChemGenics when any patents issue thereon subject to Sections 9.2, 9.3 and 9.4 hereof. In the event the ChemGenics shall have reason to believe that PerSeptive has not complied with the requirements of this Section 5.1, it shall so notify PerSeptive and PerSeptive shall be given a reasonable opportunity to cure such non-compliance. 5.2. PATENTS. 5.2.1. PATENT PROSECUTION. PerSeptive shall have the exclusive right, at its expense, to prepare, prosecute and maintain patent applications, and to maintain and enforce patents comprising the PerSeptive Patent Rights and, except as expressly otherwise set forth herein, otherwise deal in and with and enforce rights associated with the Licensed Technology. In the event that PerSeptive elects not to prepare, prosecute or maintain any patent application or any patent rights constituting PerSeptive Patent Rights, PerSeptive shall promptly notify ChemGenics, and ChemGenics shall have the right to prepare, prosecute and maintain any such application or right at ChemGenics's expense. 5.2.2. COOPERATION. ChemGenics agrees to cause each of its employees and agents to take all actions and to execute, acknowledge and deliver all instruments or agreements reasonably requested by PerSeptive, and necessary for the perfection, maintenance, enforcement or defense of that PerSeptive's rights as set forth above. 5.2.3. IDENTIFICATION OF PATENT RIGHTS. ChemGenics shall include in the packaging or documentation for any Products or Services, as the case may be, adequate notice of the PerSeptive Patent Rights therein. 5.3. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION. Any Party receiving Confidential Information shall use commercially reasonable efforts to: (i) maintain the confidential and proprietary status of such Confidential Information; (ii) keep such Confidential Information and each part thereof within its possession or under its control sufficient to prevent any 9 - 9 - activity with respect to the Confidential Information that is not specifically authorized by this Agreement; (iii) prevent the disclosure of any Confidential Information to any other Person; and (iv) ensure that such Confidential Information is used only for those purposes specifically authorized herein; provided, however, that such restriction shall not apply to any Confidential Information which is (a) independently developed by the receiving Party without reference to Confidential Information, (b) in the public domain at the time of its receipt or thereafter becomes part of the public domain through no fault of the receiving Party, (c) received without an obligation of confidentiality from a third party having the right to disclose such information, (d) released from the restrictions of this Section 5.3 by the express written consent of the disclosing Party, (e) disclosed to any actual or prospective permitted Partner, assignee, sublicensee or subcontractor of either PerSeptive or ChemGenics hereunder or under the Master Agreement (if such actual or prospective Partner, assignee, sublicense or subcontractor is subject to the provisions of this Section 5.3 or comparable provisions of such other documents), or (f) required by law, statute, rule or court order to be disclosed (the disclosing party shall, however, use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain confidential treatment of any such disclosure) and shall notify the other party in writing of the request or requirement as soon as feasible so that such other party may make timely effort to protect or limit the conditions of disclosure of its Confidential Information. Notwithstanding clause (e), ChemGenics shall not have the right to disclose Confidential Information of PerSeptive to a prospective Partner, assignee, licensee or subcontractor which is a PerSeptive Competitor unless and until such Person becomes an actual Partner, assignee, licensee or subcontractor. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, PerSeptive and ChemGenics each shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain confidentiality agreements from its respective Partners, employees and agents, similar in scope to this Section 5.3, to protect the Confidential Information, including in the case of ChemGenics, commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the agreement of Partners who are PerSeptive Competitors to not give access to Confidential Information of PerSeptive to persons who are engaged in the portions of the Partner's business which competes with the business of PerSeptive in the PerSeptive Field. ChemGenics shall not use PerSeptive's Confidential Information for any purpose outside the Field. 5.4. PERMITTED DISCLOSURES. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.3 hereof, PerSeptive and ChemGenics may, to the extent necessary, disclose and use Confidential Information (other than Confidential Information furnished to a Party by a third party or which a Party has an obligation to a third party not to disclose), consistent with the rights of PerSeptive and ChemGenics otherwise granted hereunder (a) for the purpose of securing institutional or government approval to clinically test or market any Product, or (b) for the purpose of securing patent protection for an invention within the scope of the PerSeptive Patent Rights or any invention jointly owned by the parties or owned solely by ChemGenics; provided, however, that in each such instance (i) the other Party hereto shall have been notified of the permitted disclosure and (ii) except in the case of disclosures to government entities in which the party makes commercially reasonable efforts to protect the confidentiality thereof to the extent permitted by applicable law, any such disclosure shall be made to Persons which either have agreed to be bound by or are already subject to a duty of confidentiality, for the benefit of a Party hereto, substantially to the same effect as that set forth in Section 5.3 hereof. 10 - 10 - 6. INFRINGEMENT. 6.1. NOTIFICATION OF INFRINGEMENT. ChemGenics shall notify PerSeptive of any infringement or misappropriation known to ChemGenics by any Person of any Licensed Technology rights and shall provide PerSeptive with the available evidence, if any, of such infringement. If ChemGenics has actual notice of infringement by any Person of Licensed Technology rights, the respective officers of PerSeptive and ChemGenics shall confer to determine in good faith an appropriate course of action to enforce the Licensed Technology rights or otherwise abate the infringement thereof. All amounts recovered in any action to enforce Licensed Technology rights undertaken by PerSeptive and ChemGenics, whether by judgment or settlement, shall be retained by PerSeptive and ChemGenics pro rata according to the respective percentages of expenses borne by them in enforcing such rights. 6.2. ENFORCEMENT OF LICENSED TECHNOLOGY RIGHTS. If PerSeptive determines that enforcement of the Licensed Technology rights is appropriate, PerSeptive shall have the right, but not the obligation, at its own expense, to take appropriate action to enforce such rights; provided, however, that, if PerSeptive elects to so act, ChemGenics shall have the right to participate in the enforcement of such rights by agreeing to bear a percentage of the costs of such enforcement in such amount as the parties shall determine. All amounts recovered in any action to enforce Licensed Technology rights undertaken by ChemGenics and PerSeptive, whether by judgment or settlement, shall be retained by ChemGenics and PerSeptive pro rata according to the respective percentages of expenses borne by them in enforcing such Licensed Technology rights. If, within six (6) months after notice of infringement, PerSeptive has not commenced action to enforce such rights or thereafter ceases to diligently pursue such action, ChemGenics shall have the right, at its expense, to take appropriate action to enforce such rights as its sole remedy hereunder. All amounts recovered in any action to enforce Licensed Technology rights undertaken by ChemGenics solely at its expense, whether by judgment or settlement, shall be retained by ChemGenics. PerSeptive and ChemGenics shall fully cooperate with each other in the planning and execution of any action to enforce rights. Neither PerSeptive nor ChemGenics shall enter into any settlement that includes the grant of a license under, agreement not to enforce, or any statement prejudicial to the validity or enforceability of any Licensed Technology rights without the consent of the other, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. 6.3. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY; CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. 6.3.1. Reference is made to certain representations made by PerSeptive in Section 4.1 hereof concerning its intellectual property rights. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as a representation made or warranty given by PerSeptive that any patents will issue based on pending applications within the PerSeptive Patent Rights, or that any such patents which do issue will be valid. Except for the express representations and warranties set forth herein, PERSEPTIVE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS AND CHEMGENICS HEREBY WAIVES, RELEASES AND RENOUNCES ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE LICENSED TECHNOLOGY, INCLUDING, 11 - 11 - WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 6.3.2. NEITHER PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE ENTITLED TO RECOVER FROM THE OTHER ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, MULTIPLE OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES. 7. CHEMGENICS' RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION. PerSeptive shall indemnify the ChemGenics Indemnitees, pay on demand and protect, defend, save and hold harmless each ChemGenics Indemnitee from and against, on an after-tax basis, any and all Claims incurred by or asserted against any ChemGenics Indemnitee of whatever kind or nature, including, without limitation, any claim or liability based upon negligence, warranty, strict liability, violation of government regulation or infringement of patent or other proprietary rights, arising from or occurring as a result of (a) the use of the Licensed Technology by PerSeptive or any Affiliate, agent or sublicensee of PerSeptive (other than ChemGenics) or (b) subject to Section 6.3.2, any breach of this Agreement by PerSeptive, except to the extent that any Claims shall have arisen from the negligence or willful misconduct of any ChemGenics Indemnitee. Such ChemGenics Indemnitee shall promptly notify PerSeptive of any Claim with respect to which such ChemGenics Indemnitee is seeking indemnification hereunder, upon becoming aware thereof, and permit PerSeptive at PerSeptive's cost to defend against such Claim and shall cooperate in the defense thereof. Neither PerSeptive nor such ChemGenics Indemnitee shall enter into, or permit, any settlement of any such Claim without the express written consent of the other Party which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. Such ChemGenics Indemnitee may, at its option and expense, have its own counsel participate in any proceeding which is under the direction of PerSeptive and will cooperate with PerSeptive or its insurer in the disposition of any such matter; provided, however, that if PerSeptive shall not defend such Claim, such ChemGenics Indemnitee shall have the right to defend such Claim itself and recover from PerSeptive all reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses incurred by it during the course of such defense. 8. PERSEPTIVE RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION. ChemGenics shall indemnify the PerSeptive Indemnitees, pay on demand and protect, defend, save and hold harmless each PerSeptive Indemnitee from and against, on an after-tax basis, any and all Claims incurred by or asserted against any PerSeptive Indemnitee of whatever kind or nature, including, without limitation, any claim or liability based upon negligence, warranty, strict liability, violation of government regulation or infringement of patent or other proprietary rights, arising from or occurring as a result of (a) the use of any Licensed Technology by ChemGenics or any permitted sublicensee of ChemGenics (other than PerSeptive) or (b) subject to Section 6.3.2, any breach of this Agreement by ChemGenics, except to the extent that any Claims shall have arisen from the negligence or willful misconduct of any PerSeptive Indemnitee. Such PerSeptive Indemnitee shall promptly notify ChemGenics of any Claim with respect to which such PerSeptive Indemnitee is seeking indemnification hereunder, upon becoming aware thereof, and permit ChemGenics at 12 - 12 - ChemGenics's cost to defend against such Claim and shall cooperate in the defense thereof, provided, however, that PerSeptive shall have the right, but not the obligation, to control the defense, at its expense, of any such Claims involving PerSeptive Patent Rights. Neither such PerSeptive Indemnitee nor ChemGenics shall enter into, or permit, any settlement of any such Claim without the express written consent of the other Party, which shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed. Such PerSeptive Indemnitee may, at its option and expense, have its own counsel participate in any proceeding which is under direction of ChemGenics and will cooperate with ChemGenics and its insurer in the disposition of any such matter; provided, however, that if ChemGenics shall not defend such Claim, such PerSeptive Indemnitee shall have the right to defend such Claim itself and recover from ChemGenics all reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses incurred by it during the course of such defense. 9. TERM AND TERMINATION. 9.1. TERM. This Agreement shall be effective as of the Closing Date and shall continue in full force and effect indefinitely, unless terminated in part as provided in Sections 9.2, 9.3 or 9.4 hereof. 9.2. TERMINATION UPON BANKRUPTCY, ETC.. Either Party shall have the right to terminate this Agreement (except for the license granted by Section 2.1.1(b)), effective immediately upon written notice of termination to the other Party in the event that: 9.2.1. The other Party shall (i) seek the liquidation, reorganization, dissolution or winding-up of itself or the composition or readjustment of its debts, (ii) apply for or consent to the appointment of, or the taking of possession by, a receiver, custodian, trustee or liquidator of itself or of all or a substantial part of its assets, (iii) make a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, (iv) commence a voluntary case under the federal Bankruptcy Code, (v) file a petition seeking to take advantage of any other law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, winding-up or composition or readjustment of debts, or (vi) adopt any resolution of its Board of Directors or stockholders for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing; or 9.2.2. A proceeding or case shall be commenced without the application or consent of the other Party and such proceeding or case shall continue undismissed, or an order, judgment or decree approving or ordering any of the following shall be entered and continue unstayed and in effect, for a period of forty-five (45) days from and after the date service of process is effected upon the other Party, seeking (i) the other Party's liquidation, reorganization, dissolution or winding-up, or the composition or readjustment of its debts, (ii) the appointment of a trustee, receiver, custodian, liquidator or the like of the other Party or of all or any substantial part of its assets, or (iii) similar relief in respect of the other Party under any law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, winding-up or the composition or readjustment of debts. 13 - 13 - 9.3 TERMINATION OF MASTER AGREEMENT. If the Master Agreement shall terminate or the transactions contemplated therein are rescinded or unwound for any reason, all licenses granted under Section 2.1 hereof and the obligations of PerSeptive under Sections 4.1.6, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2 and 14 hereof shall terminate and all other provisions of the Agreement shall survive, provided, however, that, to the extent that a continuing license shall be necessary for ChemGenics to practice, exploit or commercialize any invention made by ChemGenics prior to the rescission of the Master Agreement, then (i) if the invention is a drug or drug candidate or drug target, PerSeptive shall grant to ChemGenics a worldwide non-exclusive, perpetual, royalty-free license under the Licensed Technology to the extent necessary to make, use or sell such drug, drug candidate or drug target and (ii) if the invention is not a drug, drug candidate or drug target, (a) if such continuing license is no broader than a User License that PerSeptive makes generally available to its customers, PerSeptive will provide such User License by ChemGenics from PerSeptive on terms no less favorable than those offered to its other customers and (b) if ChemGenics requires a broader license than is currently available in connection with the purchase of products under any User License then PerSeptive shall grant an additional worldwide, non-exclusive, perpetual, royalty-free license under the Licensed Technology solely to the extent necessary for ChemGenics to practice, exploit and commercialize such invention in the Field; provided that ChemGenics shall purchase the PerSeptive products necessary to obtain such User License. In addition, in the event the Master Agreement shall terminate or the transactions contemplated therein are rescinded or unwound for any reason, ChemGenics shall grant to PerSeptive a worldwide, non-exclusive, perpetual, royalty-free license in the PerSeptive Field to any improvement to the Licensed Technology made by ChemGenics between the date hereof and the date of such rescission. 9.4 ACQUISITION OF CHEMGENICS BY PERSEPTIVE COMPETITOR. In the event that ChemGenics shall consolidate or merge with another Person that is a PerSeptive Competitor, or convey, sell or lease to a PerSeptive Competitor all or substantially all of the stock, assets or business of ChemGenics and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or suffer a Change of Control in which a PerSeptive Competitor shall come to control ChemGenics, then PerSeptive may, in its sole discretion within twenty (20) days after receipt of the notice required by Section 14 hereof, give notice that it will terminate all licenses granted under Section 2.1 (except Section 2.1.1(b)) hereof and the obligations of PerSeptive under Sections 4.1.6, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 13 and 14 hereof effective on the closing of the relevant transaction, and upon such closing all such licenses and obligations under Sections 2.1 (except Section 2.1.1(b)), 4.1.6, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 13 and 14 hereof shall terminate, provided, however, that all other provisions of this Agreement shall survive. 9.5 INDEMNIFICATION. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the indemnification provisions of Section 8 hereof shall survive termination or expiration of this Agreement, but only with respect to Claims which arose from acts or circumstances which occurred prior to termination. 14 - 14 - 10. NO IMPLIED WAIVERS; RIGHTS CUMULATIVE. No failure on the part of PerSeptive or ChemGenics to exercise and no delay in exercising any right, power, remedy or privilege under this Agreement, or provided by statute or at law or in equity or otherwise, including, without limitation, the right or power to terminate this Agreement, shall impair, prejudice or constitute a waiver of any such right, power, remedy or privilege or be construed as a waiver of any breach of this Agreement or as an acquiescence therein, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right, power, remedy or privilege preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power, remedy or privilege. 11. FORCE MAJEURE. PerSeptive and ChemGenics shall each be excused for any failure or delay in performing any of its respective obligations under this Agreement, other than the obligations of ChemGenics to make certain payments to PerSeptive as described in Section 3 hereof, if such failure or delay is caused by Force Majeure. 12. NOTICES. All notices, requests and other communications to PerSeptive or ChemGenics hereunder shall be in writing (including telecopy or similar electronic transmissions), shall refer specifically to this Agreement and shall be personally delivered or sent by telecopy or other electronic facsimile transmission, by registered mail or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid or by reliable overnight courier service providing evidence of receipt, in each case to the respective address specified below (or to such address as may be specified in writing to the other party hereto): PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, MA 01701 Attn: President Facsimile: (508) 383-7852 With a copy to: Rufus C. King, Esq. Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, LLP 125 High Street High Street Tower Boston, MA 02110 Facsimile: (617) 248-7100 15 - 15 - ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. One Kendall Square Building 300 Cambridge, MA 02139 Attn: President Facsimile: (617) 225-2997 With a copy to: Jeffrey M. Wiesen, Esq. Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. One Financial Center Boston, MA 02111 Facsimile: (617) 542-2241 Any notice or communication given in conformity with this Section 12 shall be deemed to be effective: (i) when received by the addressee, if delivered by hand or electronic facsimile; (ii) three (3) days after mailing, if mailed; and (iii) one (1) business day after delivery to a reliable overnight courier service providing evidence of receipt. 13. FURTHER ASSURANCES. Each of PerSeptive and ChemGenics agrees to duly execute and deliver, or cause to be duly executed and delivered, such further instruments and to do and cause to be done such further acts and things, that may be necessary or as the other Party hereto may at any time and from time to time reasonably request to carry out more effectively the provisions, or to better assure and confirm unto such other Party, its rights under this Agreement. 14. SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. The terms and provisions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, PerSeptive, ChemGenics, and their respective successors and assigns, subject to the terms of Section 9.4 hereof and the remainder of this Section 14; provided, however, that ChemGenics may not assign or otherwise transfer this Agreement or any of its rights and interests, nor delegate any of its obligations, hereunder, except to a direct or indirect 100% parent or direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary which becomes a party to the Non-Competition Agreement (as defined in the Master Agreement) and that agrees in writing to be bound by this Agreement (and in such case ChemGenics shall remain bound) without the prior written consent of PerSeptive, except pursuant to a merger or consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of the stock, assets or business of ChemGenics and its subsidiaries taken as a whole as provided below. In the event that either Party shall consolidate or merge with another Person (other than an acquisition by such Party of another Person where the stockholders of such Party (or any subsidiary thereof) after such transaction directly or indirectly own at least a majority of the voting stock of the combined or acquired Person); or convey, sell or lease to another Person all or substantially all of the stock, assets or business 16 - 16 - of such Party and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or if there shall be a Change of Control of such Party, then (i) if such transaction is negotiated by such Party, such Party shall give the other Party written notice identifying the acquiring Person and the material terms of the transaction at least thirty (30) days prior to the closing thereof and (ii) the Parties shall negotiate in good faith to determine whether any changes shall be appropriate in this Agreement and/or in the consideration due to PerSeptive for the licenses granted herein as a result of the proposed transaction and the changed relationship of the Parties resulting therefrom, subject to PerSeptive's right to terminate the licenses granted herein pursuant to Section 9.4 hereof. If the Parties are unable to agree that any such changes should be made prior to the closing of the proposed transaction, then the licenses granted herein shall continue unaffected thereby upon the consummation of the transaction, subject to PerSeptive's right to terminate such licenses pursuant to Section 9.4. Any attempt to assign or delegate any portion of this Agreement in violation of this Section 14 shall be null and void. Subject to the foregoing, any reference to PerSeptive and ChemGenics hereunder shall be deemed to include the permitted successors thereto and assigns thereof. 15. AMENDMENTS. No amendment, modification, waiver, termination or discharge of any provision of this Agreement, nor any consent to any departure by PerSeptive or ChemGenics therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing specifically identifying this Agreement and the provision intended to be amended, modified, waived, terminated or discharged and signed by PerSeptive and ChemGenics, and each such amendment, modification, waiver, termination or discharge shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given. No provision of this Agreement shall be varied, contradicted or explained by any oral agreement, course of dealing or performance or any other matter not set forth in an agreement in writing and signed by PerSeptive and ChemGenics. 16. ARBITRATION (a) The Parties shall attempt to resolve any dispute or controversy arising under or relating to the interpretation or meaning of this Agreement by good faith negotiations. Any matter that cannot be resolved by such good faith negotiation shall be resolved by final and binding arbitration conducted by three (3) arbitrators in Boston, Massachusetts, in accordance with the then-current American Arbitration Association ("AAA") Commercial Arbitration Rules (the "AAA Rules") as modified by this Section 16. (b) The arbitrators shall be selected by mutual agreement of the parties or, failing such agreement, in accordance with the aforesaid AAA Rules. At least one (1) of the arbitration panel shall be reasonably familiar with the biotechnology industry. The Parties shall bear the costs of the arbitrators equally. No arbitrator may be affiliated in any way with either Party. 17 - 17 - (c) The Parties shall have the right of limited pre-hearing discovery, in accordance with the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, as then in effect, for a period not to exceed sixty (60) days. (d) As soon as the discovery is concluded, but in any event with thirty (30) days thereafter, the arbitrators shall hold a hearing in accordance with the AAA Rules. Thereafter, the arbitrators shall promptly render a written decision, together with a written opinion setting forth in reasonable detail the grounds for such a decision. (e) Judgment may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction to enforce the award entered by the arbitrators. (f) The duty of the Parties to arbitrate any dispute hereunder shall survive expiration or termination of this Agreement for any reason. 17. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 18. SEVERABILITY. If any provision hereof should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect in any jurisdiction, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (a) all other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and shall be liberally construed in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible and (b) such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect the validity, legality or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction. To the extent permitted by applicable law, PerSeptive and ChemGenics hereby waive any provision of law that would render any provision hereof prohibited or unenforceable in any respect. 19. HEADINGS. Headings used herein are for convenience only and shall not in any way affect the construction of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement. 20. EXECUTION IN COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which counterparts, when so executed and delivered, shall be deemed to be an original, and all of which counterparts, taken together, shall constitute one and the same instrument. 21. ENTIRE AGREEMENT. 18 - 18 - This Agreement, together with any agreements referenced herein, constitutes, on and as of the date hereof, the entire agreement of PerSeptive and ChemGenics with respect to the subject matter hereof, and all prior or contemporaneous understandings or agreements, whether written or oral, between PerSeptive and ChemGenics with respect to such subject matter are hereby superseded in their entirety. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this License Agreement to be duly executed under seal and delivered as of the date first above written. PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. By:_____________________________________ Title:__________________________________ PERSEPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES II CORPORATION By:_____________________________________ Title:__________________________________ VESTEC CORPORATION By:_____________________________________ Title:__________________________________ CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By:_____________________________________ Title:__________________________________ 19 LICENSE AGREEMENT SCHEDULE A DEFINITIONS "AFFILIATE" of a Person shall mean a Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person. "Control" (and, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlled by" and "under common control with") shall mean the possession of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting stock, by contract or otherwise. In the case of a corporation, "control" shall mean, among other things, the direct or indirect ownership of more than fifty percent (50%) of its outstanding voting stock. Notwithstanding the forgoing, ChemGenics and PerSeptive shall not be deemed to be Affiliates for the purpose of this Agreement. "ASSOCIATED TECHNOLOGY" shall mean all Technology (including, without limitation, Technology licensed to PerSeptive, subject to Section 2.1.3 hereof) relating to or useful in the Field, other than PerSeptive Patent Rights, (i) owned or controlled by or licensed to, PerSeptive as of the date hereof, or acquired by PerSeptive hereafter that relates to and is useful in researching, developing or manufacturing Products or in the delivery of Services. "Owned or controlled" shall include Technology which PerSeptive owns, or under which PerSeptive is licensed and has the right to grant sublicenses and/or grant immunity from suit. "CHANGE IN CONTROL" means with respect to either Party any transaction or any event as a result of which any one or more Persons (other than a stockholder of the Party on the Closing Date) acquires or for the first time controls or is able to vote (directly or through nominees or beneficial ownership) after the Closing Date fifty percent (50%) or more of the capital stock of the Company outstanding at the time having power ordinarily to vote for directors of the Company. "CHEMGENICS" shall mean ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Delaware corporation. "CHEMGENICS INDEMNITEE" shall mean ChemGenics, its successors and assigns, and the directors, officers, employees, agents and counsel thereof. "CLAIM" shall mean any and all liabilities, damages, losses, settlements, claims, actions, suits, penalties, fines, costs or expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees). "CLOSING DATE" shall mean _____ __, 1996. A-1 20 "CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION" shall mean all proprietary confidential Technology owned or controlled by PerSeptive or ChemGenics, respectively, and disclosed by PerSeptive to ChemGenics or by ChemGenics to PerSeptive during the term of this Agreement. "COVERED BY" shall mean, with respect to any act, an act that would, in the absence of a license provided hereunder, constitute an infringement of a claim of a pending patent application, if issued as a patent, or a patent which has not been held invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction in a decision which is unappealable or the appeal period for which has expired without an appeal being taken. "DRUG DISCOVERY PROGRAM" shall have the meaning assigned to that term in the recitals to the Master Agreement. "FIELD" shall mean all applications of the Licensed Technology for (i) drug discovery and (ii) the development, synthesis and manufacture of drugs and drug candidates discovered by ChemGenics or its Partners. "FORCE MAJEURE" shall mean any act of God, any accident, explosion, fire, storm, earthquake, flood, drought, peril of the sea, riot, embargo, war or foreign, federal, state or municipal order of general application, seizure, requisition or allocation, any failure or delay of transportation, shortage of or inability to obtain supplies, equipment, fuel or labor or any other circumstances or event beyond the reasonable control of the party relying upon such circumstance or event. "LICENSED TECHNOLOGY" shall mean, collectively, the PerSeptive Patent Rights and the Associated Technology. "PARTIES" means PerSeptive and ChemGenics. "PARTNER" shall mean any Person with whom ChemGenics shall have a written research and/or development agreement or other collaborative arrangement whereby ChemGenics receives either (i) ownership rights or license rights in products of such research and/or development or (ii) royalty payments based on the sales of such products. "PARTY" means PerSeptive or ChemGenics. "PERSEPTIVE" shall mean, unless the context otherwise requires, PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., a Delaware corporation, PTC-II and Vestec, collectively. "PERSEPTIVE COMPETITOR" shall mean the Persons listed in Schedule C hereto. PerSeptive may modify or supplement Schedule C from time to time to add Persons who materially compete with PerSeptive in the PerSeptive Field and shall modify Schedule C to delete Persons who do not materially compete with PerSeptive in the PerSeptive Field, subject to ChemGenics' right to reasonably object to any such modification or supplement or failure to modify Schedule C. If ChemGenics does not object in writing to such modification or supplement within twenty (20) days after receipt in writing of a modified or supplemented A-2 21 schedule, or if ChemGenics shall object and the Parties are able to resolve such objection after good faith negotiation within five days after PerSeptive's receipt of such written objection, then such modification or supplement shall become part of this Agreement. If the Parties are unable to resolve such objection, the matter shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with Section 16, provided that if the list is modified or supplemented the date of such modification or supplement shall be the date the original modified or supplemented list was first delivered to ChemGenics. "PERSEPTIVE FIELD" shall mean the research, development, design, manufacture, importation, marketing, sales, licensing and distribution of Tools and providing Tools to the life science industry. "PERSEPTIVE INDEMNITEE" shall mean PerSeptive, its successors and assigns, and the directors, officers, employees, agents and counsel thereof. "PERSEPTIVE PATENT RIGHTS" shall mean rights (including, without limitation, rights as licensee) now owned or hereafter acquired, subject to Section 2.1.3 hereof, by PerSeptive under (i) issued U.S. and foreign patents, (ii) U.S. or foreign patent applications, including any patent application constituting an equivalent, counterpart, reissue, extension or continuation of any of the foregoing applications (including, without limitation, a continuation in part or division), or (iii) any patent issued or issuing upon any of the foregoing applications. A list of PerSeptive's issued patents and patent applications as of the date of this Agreement is attached hereto as Schedule B. "PERSEPTIVE USER LICENSE" shall mean a license or right to use or practice the Licensed Technology that is granted or conveyed in connection with the sale, license or other transfer of PerSeptive's products. "PERSON" shall mean any individual, partnership, limited liability company, corporation, firm, association, unincorporated organization, joint venture, trust or other entity. "PRODUCTS" shall mean a product or system developed by incorporating, utilizing, manufactured using, based upon, arising out of, or derived from the Licensed Technology. "PTC-II" shall mean PerSeptive Technologies II Corporation, a Delaware corporation, and a wholly owned subsidiary of PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. "SERVICES" shall mean a method, process or procedure incorporating, utilizing, based upon, arising out of or derived from the Licensed Technology. "TECHNOLOGY" shall mean public and nonpublic technical or other information, trade secrets, know-how, processes, formulations, concepts, ideas, preclinical, clinical, pharmacological or other data and testing results, experimental methods, or results, assays, descriptions, business or scientific plans, depictions, customer lists and any other written, printed or electronically stored materials, any natural or man-made biological materials and A-3 22 any and all other intellectual property, including licenses, patents and patent applications, of any nature whatsoever. "TOOLS" shall mean instruments, equipment, machinery, apparatus, devices, media, reagents, compounds, resins, activators, linkers, particles, supports and other materials and substances (including, without limitation, oligomers, peptides and other molecules), tools or other products (and systems comprising the foregoing) for biomolecular purification, diagnosis, synthesis, sequencing or analysis. "VESTEC" shall mean Vestec Corporation, a Texas corporation, and a wholly owned subsidiary of PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. A-4 23 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. SCHEDULE B CONFIDENTIAL PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. ISSUED U.S. & FOREIGN PATENTS Pages B-1 through B-7 contain confidential materials which have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. B-1 24 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. Page 1 CONFIDENTIAL Attorney-Client Privileged Information PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. --------------------------- Pending Patent Applications Pages B2-1 through B-2 contain Contain confidential materials which have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 25 LICENSE AGREEMENT SCHEDULE C PERSEPTIVE COMPETITORS Perkin Elmer Hewlett Packard Waters Beckman Bio Rad E. Merck Shimadzu Hitachi Thermo Electron Pharmacia & Upjohn Amersham Tosoh Sepracor W.R. Grace and all Persons meeting the definition of an Affiliate of any of the foregoing if the 50% standard therein were changed to 20%. B-8 26 Confidential Materials omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterisks denote such omissions. Confidential, Proprietary Information EXHIBIT D to License Agreement between PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. and ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. -------------------------------- Drug Discovery Program Research Projects. Identification of patents or patent applications which, in the opinion of PerSeptive's management, are particularly relevant to the Project (excluding patents or patent applications relating to instruments and other Tools (as defined in the License Agreement) and Potential Drugs, Drug Targets and Drug Candidate Which are Subjects of Drug Discovery Program Research Projects - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [Key: "No D.T.C." means No Potential Drugs, Drug Targets or Drug Candidates] Pages D-1 through D-2 contain confidential materials which have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission EX-10.44 6 MASTER AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.44 MASTER AGREEMENT between ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals a d/b/a of Myco Pharmaceuticals Inc. and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. __________________ May 7, 1996 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ---- ARTICLE I.................................................................... 1 PURCHASE AND SALE OF ASSETS ...................... 1 SECTION 1.01 Transfer of Assets.................................... 1 SECTION 1.02 Assumption of Liabilities............................. 3 SECTION 1.03 Closing............................................... 3 ARTICLE II................................................................... 6 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PERSEPTIVE................................. 6 SECTION 2.01 Organization and Qualification........................ 6 SECTION 2.02 Corporate Power and Authority......................... 6 SECTION 2.03 Validity, Etc......................................... 7 SECTION 2.04 No Governmental Consent............................... 7 SECTION 2.05 Financial Statements.................................. 8 SECTION 2.06 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities.................... 8 SECTION 2.07 Absence of Adverse Change; Conduct of Drug Discovery Program................................................. 8 SECTION 2.08 Taxes................................................. 8 SECTION 2.09 Litigation............................................ 9 SECTION 2.10 Compliance with Law................................... 9 SECTION 2.11 Labor and Employee Relations.......................... 10 SECTION 2.12 Certain Employees..................................... 10 SECTION 2.13 Employee Benefits..................................... 11 SECTION 2.14 Tangible Properties................................... 11 SECTION 2.15 Acquisition by PerSeptive of Transferred Assets from PerSeptive Technologies II Corporation ("PTC-II")........................................................ 12 SECTION 2.16 Leased Premises....................................... 12 SECTION 2.17 Environmental Matters................................. 13 SECTION 2.18 Insurance............................................. 16 SECTION 2.19 Outstanding Commitments............................... 16 SECTION 2.20 Intellectual Property................................. 17 SECTION 2.21 Proprietary Information of Third Parties.............. 17 SECTION 2.22 Disclosure............................................ 17 SECTION 2.23 Purchase For Investment............................... 18 ARTICLE III.................................................................. 18 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF CHEMGENICS................................. 18 SECTION 3.01 Organization.......................................... 18 SECTION 3.02 Corporate Power and Authority......................... 19 SECTION 3.03 Validity, Etc......................................... 19 SECTION 3.04 No Governmental Consent............................... 19 SECTION 3.05 Litigation............................................ 20 SECTION 3.06 Financial Statements.................................. 20 i 3 SECTION 3.07 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities.................... 21 SECTION 3.08 Transactions with Affiliates.......................... 21 SECTION 3.09 Investments in Other Persons.......................... 21 SECTION 3.10 Absence of Adverse Change............................. 21 SECTION 3.11 Disclosure............................................ 22 SECTION 3.12 Capitalization; Status of Capital Stock............... 22 SECTION 3.13 Absence of Certain Developments....................... 23 SECTION 3.14 Certain Agreements of Officers and Employees......................................................... 23 SECTION 3.15 Compliance............................................ 23 SECTION 3.16 Title to Assets, Patents.............................. 24 SECTION 3.17 Environmental and Safety Laws......................... 24 SECTION 3.18 Insurance............................................. 25 SECTION 3.19 Certain Agreements.................................... 25 ARTICLE IV................................................................... 25 COVENANTS OF PERSEPTIVE...................................................... 25 SECTION 4.01 Best Efforts Cooperation.............................. 25 SECTION 4.02 Access................................................ 25 SECTION 4.03 Properties, Business, Insurance....................... 26 SECTION 4.04 Compliance with Laws.................................. 26 SECTION 4.05 Actions Prior to Closing.............................. 26 SECTION 4.06 Litigation............................................ 26 SECTION 4.07 Continued Effectiveness of Representations and Warranties.................................................... 26 SECTION 4.08 No Negotiations....................................... 27 SECTION 4.09 Confidentiality and Non-Competition................... 27 ARTICLE V.................................................................... 27 COVENANTS OF CHEMGENICS...................................................... 27 SECTION 5.01 Cooperation........................................... 27 SECTION 5.02 Access................................................ 27 SECTION 5.03 Litigation............................................ 28 SECTION 5.04 Continued Effectiveness of Representations and Warranties.................................................... 28 SECTION 5.05 No Amendments......................................... 28 SECTION 5.06 Right of First Refusal; Percentage Maintenance....................................................... 28 SECTION 5.07 Confidentiality and Non-Competition................... 31 ARTICLE VI................................................................... 31 CONDITIONS TO CHEMGENICS' OBLIGATIONS........................................ 31 SECTION 6.01 No Material Adverse Economic Event.................... 32 SECTION 6.02 Consents.............................................. 32 SECTION 6.03 Representations and Warranties True................... 32 SECTION 6.04 Performance........................................... 32 SECTION 6.05 No Adverse Change..................................... 32 SECTION 6.06 Opinion of Counsel.................................... 32 SECTION 6.07 No Actions, Suits or Proceedings...................... 33 ii 4 SECTION 6.08 Investigation Satisfactory. ......................... 33 SECTION 6.09 Closing Documents..................................... 33 SECTION 6.10 Approval of ChemGenics' Stockholders and Preferred Stockholders............................................ 33 SECTION 6.11 Approval of ChemGenics and Its Counsel................ 33 ARTICLE VII.................................................................. 34 CONDITIONS TO PERSEPTIVE'S OBLIGATIONS....................................... 34 SECTION 7.01 No Material Adverse Economic Event.................... 34 SECTION 7.02 Consents.............................................. 34 SECTION 7.03 Representations and Warranties True................... 34 SECTION 7.04 Performance........................................... 34 SECTION 7.05 No Adverse Change..................................... 34 SECTION 7.06 Opinion of ChemGenics' Counsel........................ 35 SECTION 7.07 No Actions, Suits or Proceedings...................... 35 SECTION 7.08 Investigation Satisfactory............................ 35 SECTION 7.09 Closing Documents..................................... 35 SECTION 7.10 Approval of PerSeptive and Its Counsel................ 35 SECTION 7.11 No Change of Control. ................................ 35 SECTION 7.12 Name Change. ......................................... 36 SECTION 7.13 Chairman of the Board. ............................... 36 ARTICLE VIII................................................................. 36 POST-CLOSING COVENANTS....................................................... 36 SECTION 8.01 Employee Matters...................................... 36 SECTION 8.02 Consulting and Interim Services....................... 37 SECTION 8.03 Sub-Lease............................................. 37 SECTION 8.04 Standstill; Registration Rights....................... 37 SECTION 8.05 Further Assurances.................................... 38 SECTION 8.06 Public Offering....................................... 38 SECTION 8.07 Further Negotiations on Certain Conditions.......................................................... 38 ARTICLE IX................................................................... 39 TERMINATION.................................................................. 39 SECTION 9.01 Termination........................................... 39 SECTION 9.02 Effect of Termination................................. 41 ARTICLE X.................................................................... 41 MISCELLANEOUS................................................................ 41 SECTION 10.01 Notices.............................................. 41 SECTION 10.02 Entire Agreement..................................... 42 SECTION 10.03 Modifications and Amendments......................... 42 SECTION 10.04 Waivers and Consents................................. 42 SECTION 10.05 Assignment........................................... 43 SECTION 10.06 Parties in Interest.................................. 43 SECTION 10.07 Governing Law........................................ 43 SECTION 10.08 Arbitration.......................................... 43 iii 5 SECTION 10.09 Jurisdiction and Service of Process.................. 44 SECTION 10.10 Severability......................................... 44 SECTION 10.11 Interpretation....................................... 45 SECTION 10.12 Headings and Captions................................ 45 SECTION 10.13 Enforcement.......................................... 45 SECTION 10.14 Reliance............................................. 45 SECTION 10.15 Survival, Etc........................................ 46 SECTION 10.16 Expenses............................................. 46 SECTION 10.17 No Broker or Finder.................................. 46 SECTION 10.18 Publicity............................................ 46 SECTION 10.19 Counterparts......................................... 46 iv 6 INDEX TO EXHIBITS EXHIBIT 1.03(A)(ii) - Form of License Agreement EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(i) - Terms of Consulting and Interim Services Agreement EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(ii) - Terms of Sub-Lease Agreement EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(iii) - Terms of Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(iv) - Terms of Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(v) - Terms of Voting Agreement EXHIBIT 4.02 - Confidentiality Agreement (Pre-Closing) EXHIBIT 6.06 - Form of Opinion of PerSeptive's Counsel EXHIBIT 7.06 - Form of Opinion of ChemGenics' Counsel v 7 INDEX TO SCHEDULES SCHEDULE 1.01(b) - Drug Discovery Program Assets SCHEDULE 1.02 - Assumed Liabilities SCHEDULE 2.06 - Drug Discovery Program Liabilities SCHEDULE 2.07 - Absence of Adverse Change SCHEDULE 2.09 - Litigation SCHEDULE 2.12 - Certain Employees SCHEDULE 2.13 - Employee Benefits SCHEDULE 2.17 - Environmental Compliance SCHEDULE 2.19 - Outstanding Commitments SCHEDULE 3.06 - Financial Statements SCHEDULE 3.08 - Transactions with Affiliates SCHEDULE 3.12 - Capitalization SCHEDULE 3.17 - Environmental Permits SCHEDULE 3.19 - Certain Agreements vi 8 MASTER AGREEMENT This Master Agreement (this "Agreement") is entered into this ____ day of May, 1996 by and among Myco Pharmaceuticals Inc. d/b/a ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals, a Delaware corporation, ("ChemGenics"), and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("PerSeptive"). WHEREAS, PerSeptive is engaged in the business of developing technology and equipment used and useful in the making, measuring, processing and delivery of biomolecules, including in the area of drug discovery; WHEREAS, ChemGenics is a drug research and development company engaged in the business of discovering, developing and commercializing novel treatments for diseases, primarily through its expertise in drug discovery; WHEREAS, PerSeptive desires to enter into a license and sell, license or otherwise transfer to ChemGenics certain assets, projects and activities of PerSeptive relating to drug discovery activities and efforts (the "Drug Discovery Program") and to allow certain employees of PerSeptive who have worked principally in the Drug Discovery Program to dedicate their full business time to ChemGenics (the "Employees"); and, as set forth herein, to become employed by ChemGenics under certain circumstances; and WHEREAS, ChemGenics desires to acquire substantially all of the assets, projects and activities of PerSeptive relating principally to the Drug Discovery Program (other than administrative and financial aspects thereof) and to utilize the services of the Employees, subject to the terms and conditions provided in this Agreement and the Exhibits hereto. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows: ARTICLE I PURCHASE AND SALE OF ASSETS SECTION 1.01 Transfer of Assets. (A) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing PerSeptive shall sell, license, assign or transfer, as the case may be, to ChemGenics, and ChemGenics will purchase and accept from PerSeptive, free and clear of all claims, charges, liens, contracts, rights, options, security interests, mortgages, encumbrances and restrictions whatsoever (collectively, "Claims"), 1 9 except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, all of the following assets, projects and activities of PerSeptive (hereinafter, the "Transferred Assets"): (a) a world-wide, royalty-free, irrevocable, non-exclusive license to PerSeptive's and its affiliates' presently existing and future patented and unpatented technology, including access to prototype equipment, in each case for use in drug discovery only as set forth in the License Agreement (defined below); (b) the equipment, supplies and other assets of the Drug Discovery Program set forth on Schedule 1.01(b); the equipment set forth on Schedule 1.01(b) shall be subject to certain restrictions contained in the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement (defined below); and (c) up to $500,000 of supplies of a type manufactured by PerSeptive or of which PerSeptive is a distributor during the three year period following the Closing; such supplies shall be valued based upon PerSeptive's actual cost of acquisition or fully burdened cost of manufacture and shall be delivered to ChemGenics from time to time in accordance with the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement (defined below). PerSeptive shall transfer the Transferred Assets to ChemGenics pursuant to those documents and instruments set forth in Sections 1.03(A) and 1.03(C) below, and such other documents and instruments as ChemGenics or its counsel may reasonably request. B. Consideration for the Transferred Assets. In consideration for the License Agreement and the transfer of the Transferred Assets, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, on the Closing Date, ChemGenics shall issue to PerSeptive an aggregate of 9,792,679 shares (the "Shares") of ChemGenics' common stock, $.001 par value per share (the "Common Stock"). Of such Shares, 979,268 shares shall be issued to PerSeptive as an earnout payment (the "Earnout Shares") for services, equipment use, supplies and other PerSeptive assets for a period of three (3) years following the Closing Date, as more fully set forth in the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement. If any of the services, equipment, supplies and other PerSeptive assets are not provided during such three-year period in accordance with the terms of the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement, PerSeptive shall forfeit certain of the Earnout Shares in accordance with the formula set forth in the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement. PerSeptive shall be deemed to have earned the Earnout Shares unless ChemGenics provides to PerSeptive a written notice of failure to provide required services, equipment, supplies or other assets, and PerSeptive 2 10 fails to cure such failure within such period of time following the notice, as more fully set forth in the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement. The number of Earnout Shares subject to forfeiture shall decrease by one-third (1/3) on each anniversary of the Closing Date, in accordance with the following schedule: PERIOD SHARES SUBJECT TO FORFEITURE From the Closing Date until the 1st Anniversary Date 979,268 From 1st Anniversary Date to 2nd Anniversary Date 652,844 From 2nd Anniversary Date to 3rd Anniversary Date 326,422 After 3rd Anniversary Date 0 In further consideration for the transfer of the Transferred Assets, PerSeptive shall receive a warrant (the "Warrant"), to purchase 4,896,335 shares of Common Stock at a price of $5.00 per share. The Warrant will be for a term of four years from the Closing and will adjust for stock splits, stock dividends and similar capital transactions and shall contain other customary terms and conditions satisfactory to the parties. PerSeptive may cause the Shares, the Warrant or the Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Warrant to be transferred to one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, provided that PerSeptive shall retain 100% of the ownership and voting control of such subsidiary as long as such subsidiary holds the Shares, the Warrant or shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise thereof. SECTION 1.02 Assumption of Liabilities. The only obligations and liabilities to be assumed by ChemGenics in connection with its acquisition of the Transferred Assets (the "Assumed Liabilities") are the obligations and liabilities specifically listed on Schedule 1.02. Except for the Assumed Liabilities in the amount and to the extent provided in this Section , ChemGenics shall not assume or be responsible for any liabilities or obligations to the extent they arise from the operation of the Drug Discovery Program or to the utilization of the Transferred Assets prior to the Closing, and PerSeptive shall indemnify, defend, and hold ChemGenics harmless from all of such obligations and liabilities. PerSeptive shall not assume any obligations and liabilities of ChemGenics whatsoever. SECTION 1.03 Closing. Subject to the satisfaction or waiver of each of the conditions set forth in Articles VI and VII of this Agreement, the closing of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the "Closing") shall take place at the offices of Mintz, 3 11 Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., One Financial Center, Boston, Massachusetts at 10 o'clock a.m. (Boston, Massachusetts time), three business days following the termination of the waiting period for the HSR Act (as defined below), or if later, the date on which all closing conditions are satisfied or waived, or such other location, date and time as may be agreed upon by the parties (such date and time being called the "Closing Date"). At the Closing: A. PerSeptive shall deliver or cause to be delivered to ChemGenics, at the Closing or at such other location as ChemGenics shall specify, the following: (i) The Bill of Sale, transferring certain of the Transferred Assets to ChemGenics, in the form reasonably satisfactory to the parties; (ii) The License Agreement, licensing PerSeptive's drug discovery technology and future developments to ChemGenics, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 1.03(A)(ii); (iii) The certificates required by Sections 6.03 and 6.04; (iv) The opinion of counsel required by Section 6.06; (v) A copy of the resolutions of PerSeptive certified by its Secretary, authorizing and approving the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and the acts of the officers and employees of PerSeptive in carrying out the terms and provisions hereof; (vi) All of the books, data, documents, instruments and other records relating principally to the Transferred Assets or Drug Discovery Program (the "Documents") (or access thereto in the case of financial and other documents which PerSeptive is required to retain) including without limitation copies, if requested by ChemGenics, of the licenses, patents, patent applications and permits identified in the Schedules to this Agreement and the License Agreement and originals of all laboratory notebooks and other notes and records relating principally to PerSeptive's drug discovery- related intellectual property, provided, that the Documents shall be delivered to ChemGenics on the Closing either at ChemGenics' address 4 12 specified in Section 10.01 or at the Facility (as defined below); and (vii) Executed copies of the ancillary documents listed in Section 1.03(C) below. B. ChemGenics shall deliver or cause to be delivered to PerSeptive, at the Closing or at such other location as PerSeptive shall specify, the following: (i) The Shares; (ii) The Warrant; (iii) The Assumption Agreement, in the form reasonably satisfactory to the parties; (iv) The certificates required by Sections 7.03 and 7.04; (v) The opinion of counsel required by Section 7.06; (vi) A copy of the resolutions of ChemGenics certified by its Secretary, authorizing and approving the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the exhibits hereto and the transactions contemplated hereby and the acts of the officers and employees of ChemGenics in carrying out the terms and provisions hereof; and (vii) Executed copies of the ancillary documents listed in Section 1.03(C) below. C. The parties shall deliver or cause to be delivered: (i) The Consulting and Interim Services Agreement, certain terms of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 1.03(C)(i), and as described in Section 8.02; (ii) The Sub-Lease Agreement for a portion of PerSeptive's Framingham facility, certain terms of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 1.03(C)(ii), and as described in Section 8.03, subject to obtaining the landlord's consent; or, in lieu thereof, evidence satisfactory to ChemGenics that it will have satisfactory use of such premises or equivalent premises on equivalent terms for up to five employees of ChemGenics (other than the Employees) through 5 13 the date of the IPO referred to in Section 8.08 or the earlier termination or rescission of this Agreement pursuant to the terms hereof; (iii) The Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement, certain terms of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 1.03(C)(iii), and as described in Section 4.09; (iv) The Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement, certain terms of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 1.03(C)(iv), and as described in Section 8.04; (v) The PBIO Voting Agreement, certain terms of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 1.03(C)(v), pursuant to which nominees of PerSeptive are to be elected to the Board of Directors of ChemGenics; and (vi) Such further documents, resolutions, certificates and instruments as any party or its counsel reasonably requests to facilitate the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. ARTICLE II REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PERSEPTIVE As an inducement to ChemGenics to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, PerSeptive hereby represents and warrants to ChemGenics as follows: SECTION 2.01 Organization and Qualification. PerSeptive is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts being the only jurisdiction in which the nature of the Drug Discovery Program or the character of the properties owned or leased by PerSeptive and used principally in the Drug Discovery Program requires such qualification and in which the failure to so qualify would have a material adverse effect on PerSeptive. SECTION 2.02 Corporate Power and Authority. PerSeptive has the corporate power and authority to own and hold its properties and to carry on its business. PerSeptive has the corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and the other documents and instruments contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the 6 14 documents contemplated hereby and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized and approved by PerSeptive. This Agreement, and each of the other agreements, documents and instruments to be executed and delivered by PerSeptive have been duly executed and delivered by, and constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of, PerSeptive enforceable against PerSeptive in accordance with their terms, subject to bankruptcy and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and subject to general principles of equity which may limit the availability of remedies. SECTION 2.03 Validity, Etc. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other documents and instruments contemplated hereby, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, nor the performance of this Agreement and such other agreements in compliance with the terms and conditions hereof and thereof will (i) conflict with PerSeptive's certificate of incorporation or bylaws, (ii) violate or conflict with any judgment, decree, order, statute or regulation applicable to PerSeptive, (iii) violate, conflict with or result in a breach, default or termination or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of the maturity of any payment date of any of the obligations of PerSeptive or increase or otherwise affect the obligations of PerSeptive under any law, rule, regulation or any judgment, decree, order, governmental permit, license or order or any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any mortgage, indenture, note, trust agreement, license agreement or other instrument or obligation related to the Transferred Assets or to PerSeptive's ability to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except for such defaults (or rights of termination, cancellation or acceleration) as to which requisite waivers or consents have been obtained in writing and provided to ChemGenics, (iv) violate any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or regulation applicable to PerSeptive or (v) result in the creation of any Claim upon the Transferred Assets. SECTION 2.04 No Governmental Consent. Except for the filing of any notice prior or subsequent to the Closing that may be required under applicable state and/or federal securities laws (which, if required of PerSeptive, shall be filed on a timely basis by PerSeptive), and except for any consent or approval which may be required under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the "HSR Act"), no authorization, consent, approval, license, exemption of or filing or registration with any court or governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, is or will be necessary for, or in connection with, the execution and delivery by PerSeptive of this Agreement, for the delivery of the Transferred Assets, or for the performance by PerSeptive of its obligations under this Agreement and the other agreements and instruments contemplated hereby. 7 15 SECTION 2.05 Financial Statements. PerSeptive has previously furnished or made available to ChemGenics its (i) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1995 (the "Form 10-K"), (ii) all proxy statements relating to PerSeptive's meetings of stockholders held or to be held since September 30, 1995 and (iii) all other reports filed by PerSeptive with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act") since September 30, 1995. As of their respective dates, such reports complied in all material respects with applicable SEC requirements and did not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading. SECTION 2.06 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities. Except as and to the extent of the amounts specifically reflected or reserved against in the balance sheet dated September 30, 1995 (or the notes thereto) included in the Form 10-K (the "PerSeptive Balance Sheet") and listed on Schedule 2.06 (the "Drug Discovery Program Liabilities") PerSeptive does not have any material liabilities or obligations relating to the Drug Discovery Program of any nature whatsoever, due or to become due, accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, except for liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice. PerSeptive does not know of, and has no reason to know of, any basis for the assertion against PerSeptive of any material liability or obligation relating to the Drug Discovery Program other than the Drug Discovery Program Liabilities or incurred in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice since the date of PerSeptive Balance Sheet. SECTION 2.07 Absence of Adverse Change; Conduct of Drug Discovery Program. Since September 30, 1995, there has been no material adverse change in the Drug Discovery Program, the assets utilized therein, or the personnel conducting of such Drug Discovery Program, and there is no condition or development or contingency of any kind existing or in prospect which, so far as reasonably can be foreseen by PerSeptive, may result in any such material adverse change. Without limiting the foregoing, except as disclosed on Schedule 2.07, since September 30, 1995 there has not been, occurred or arisen: (i) any damage, destruction or loss to any Transferred Asset (whether or not covered by insurance) that, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the Drug Discovery Program or prospects of the Drug Discovery Program; (ii) any general increase in any compensation or benefits payable to the Employees other than normal merit increases; or (iii) any commitment (contingent or otherwise) to do any of the foregoing. SECTION 2.08 Taxes. ChemGenics shall have no liability for any taxes of any kind or nature related to the ownership or 8 16 operation of the Transferred Assets or the ownership or operation of the Drug Discovery Program prior to the Closing Date. PerSeptive has not taken or failed to take any action which could create any tax lien on any of the Transferred Assets. SECTION 2.09 Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 2.09, there is no (a) action, suit, claim, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, threatened against or affecting PerSeptive (whether or not PerSeptive is a party or prospective party thereto), at law or in equity, or before or by any federal, state, municipal or other governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, (b) arbitration proceeding relating to PerSeptive or (c) governmental inquiry pending or, to the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, threatened against or involving PerSeptive, (i) relating to the Transferred Assets, the Drug Discovery Program or the transactions contemplated hereby or (ii) in which a decision adverse to PerSeptive would materially adversely affect the value of the Transferred Assets as contemplated hereby and, to the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, there is no basis for any of the foregoing. PerSeptive has not received any opinion or memorandum or legal advice from legal counsel to the effect that it is exposed, from a legal standpoint, to any liability or disadvantage which may be material to the Transferred Assets, the Drug Discovery Program or the transactions contemplated hereby. There are no outstanding orders, writs, judgments, injunctions or decrees of any court, governmental agency or arbitration tribunal against, involving or affecting the Transferred Assets, the Drug Discovery Program or the transactions contemplated hereby, and there are no facts or circumstances which may result in institution of any action, suit, claim or legal, administrative or arbitration proceeding or investigation against, involving or affecting the Transferred Assets, the Drug Discovery Program or the transactions contemplated hereby. PerSeptive is not in default with respect to any order, writ, injunction or decree known to or served upon it from any court or of any federal, state, municipal or other governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, which might relate to the Transferred Assets, the Drug Discovery Program or the transactions contemplated hereby. There is no action or suit by PerSeptive or its affiliates pending or threatened against others relating to the Transferred Assets, the Drug Discovery Program or the transactions contemplated hereby. SECTION 2.10 Compliance with Law. PerSeptive is not subject to any judgment, order, writ, injunction, or decree that materially adversely affects, individually or in the aggregate, the businesses, operations, properties, assets or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Drug Discovery Program. PerSeptive has complied with and is not in material default under, all laws, ordinances, legal requirements, rules, regulations and orders applicable to the Drug Discovery Program, or the operations, 9 17 properties, assets, products and services of the Drug Discovery Program. There is no existing law, rule, regulation or order, and PerSeptive is not aware of any proposed law, rule, regulation or order, whether federal or state, which would prohibit or materially restrict ChemGenics from, or otherwise materially adversely affect ChemGenics in, conducting the Drug Discovery Program in the manner previously conducted. SECTION 2.11 Labor and Employee Relations. PerSeptive is not a party to or bound by any collective bargaining agreement with any labor organization, group or association covering the Employees or any other Employee of PerSeptive located at the Facility, and PerSeptive has no knowledge of any attempt to organize the Employees or any other Employee of PerSeptive located at the Facility by any person, unit or group seeking to act as their bargaining agent. There are no pending or threatened charges (by Employees, their representatives or governmental authorities) of unfair labor practices or of employment discrimination or of any other wrongful action with respect to any aspect of employment of any person employed or formerly employed by PerSeptive in the Drug Discovery Program. No union representation elections relating to Employees or any other Employee of PerSeptive located at the Facility have been scheduled by any governmental agency or authority, no organizational effort is being made with respect to any of such Employees or any other Employee of PerSeptive located at the Facility, and there is no investigation of PerSeptive's employment policies or practices by any governmental agency or authority pending or, to the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, threatened. PerSeptive is not currently, and has not within the last three years been, involved in labor negotiations with any unit or group seeking to become the bargaining unit for any Employees or any other Employee of PerSeptive located at the Facility. PerSeptive has not experienced any work stoppages during the last three years and, to the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, no work stoppage is planned. SECTION 2.12 Certain Employees. Set forth in Schedule 2.12 is a list of the names of PerSeptive's employees and consultants principally engaged in the technical aspects of the Drug Discovery Program which PerSeptive will make available to ChemGenics pursuant to the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement and to which ChemGenics will make offers of employment pursuant to Section 8.01 hereof, together with the title or job classification of each such person and the base annual and the total compensation paid to each such person by PerSeptive in fiscal year 1995 and anticipated to be paid in fiscal year 1996. None of such persons has an employment agreement or understanding, whether oral or written, with PerSeptive which is not terminable on notice by PerSeptive without cost or other liability to PerSeptive or ChemGenics. No person listed on Schedule 2.12 has indicated that he or she intends to terminate his or her employment with PerSeptive or seek a material change in his or her duties or status. 10 18 SECTION 2.13 Employee Benefits. Set forth on Schedule 2.13 is a list of all pension, profit sharing, retirement, deferred compensation, stock purchase, stock option, incentive, bonus, vacation, severance, disability, hospitalization, medical insurance, life insurance, fringe benefit, welfare and other employee benefit plans, programs or arrangements to which Employees may be entitled. Such benefits are the same benefits afforded other employees of PerSeptive at similar levels of experience. PerSeptive will maintain the benefits listed on Schedule 2.13 (as such benefits may change generally for PerSeptive's employees) in full force and effect through the Closing Date, and thereafter with respect to events occurring while the Employees were employed by PerSeptive. ChemGenics shall have no obligation of any kind or nature for any compensation or benefits of any kind or nature of the employees or consultants of PerSeptive for service rendered while such Employees or consultants were employed by PerSeptive, including, without limitation, vacation or sick time for which PerSeptive will compensate ChemGenics or the Employees, as appropriate. Each "Employee Welfare Benefit Plan" (as defined in Section 3(1) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")) covering any present or former employee of PerSeptive who has worked in the Drug Discovery Program subject to the requirements of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 ("COBRA") has complied with all requirements for continuation coverage under group health benefit plans under COBRA and there are no claims against PerSeptive for a failure or alleged failure to comply with the COBRA continuation requirements. Each employee plan which is subject to ERISA conforms to, and its operation and administration are in compliance with, all applicable requirements of ERISA. There are no actions, suits or claims pending (other than routine claims for benefits) or threatened against any employee plan or against the assets of any employee plan. SECTION 2.14 Tangible Properties. Schedule 1.01(b) contains a true and complete list of all tangible personal property owned by or leased to PerSeptive and used principally in the Drug Discovery Program (the "Tangible Personal Property") which is being transferred to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement. Such Tangible Personal Property constitutes all of the instruments and other assets having an original estimated list value in excess of $10,000, and substantially all of the other Tangible Personal Property used by PerSeptive principally in the Drug Discovery Program (including, without limitation, all of the tangible assets utilized by the Employees in the Drug Discovery Program). Except as shown on Schedule 1.01(b), PerSeptive has good and marketable title free and clear of all Claims to the Tangible Personal 11 19 Property listed as owned by PerSeptive. With respect to Tangible Personal Property leased by PerSeptive as lessee, all leases, conditional sale contracts, franchises or licenses pursuant to which PerSeptive may hold or use (or permit others to hold or use) such Tangible Personal Property are valid and in full force and effect, and there is not under any of such instruments any existing default or event of default or event which with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute such a default, and the transfer of PerSeptive's interest in any Tangible Personal Property hereunder shall not constitute an event of default or default or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute such a default under such leases, conditional sale contracts, franchises or licenses, except for the requirement of consents set forth in Schedule 1.01(b), and except where such an actual or potential default has been consented to or waived. PerSeptive's possession and use of such property has not been disturbed and no claim has been asserted against PerSeptive adverse to its rights in such leasehold interests. Each item of Tangible Personal Property, whether owned or leased, is in good operating condition and repair and has been reasonably maintained in accordance with industry practices. The only liability of PerSeptive for failure of the representation in the preceding sentence shall be the repair or replacement of the affected item of Tangible Personal Property. SECTION 2.15 Acquisition by PerSeptive of Transferred Assets from PerSeptive Technologies II Corporation ("PTC-II"). PTC-II has no and never had any material tangible assets. The License Agreement conveys to ChemGenics the right to use all intellectual property rights utilized by PTC-II in connection with the Drug Discovery Program. PerSeptive shall indemnify ChemGenics with respect to any claim, action, judgment, damage, fee or expense arising out of the formation and operation of PTC-II and the offer and sale of securities of PTC-II, the acquisitions of the units of PTC-II through the exchange offer set forth in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus dated February 8, 1996, including, without limitation, the acquisition of PTC-II Property as a result of such exchange offer, and the transfer of the PTC-II Property hereunder. This provision shall be in addition to, and in no way limit, any other representation or warranty hereunder which might relate to PTC-II. SECTION 2.16 Leased Premises. The Drug Discovery Program has been principally conducted at the facility at 500 Old Connecticut Path, Framingham, Massachusetts (the "Facility"). The lease covering the Facility is in full force and effect (there existing no default under the lease which, with the lapse of time or notice or otherwise, would entitle the lessor to terminate the same), conveys the leased real estate purported to be conveyed thereunder and is enforceable by PerSeptive. PerSeptive has the right to use the Facility in accordance with the terms of such lease free and 12 20 clear of all Claims or other interests or rights of third parties, except those which do not or would not have a material adverse effect on the Facility as used in the Drug Discovery Program. To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, the Facility is structurally sound, adequately maintained and is in good condition and repair (except for immaterial matters) consistent with the uses to which it is presently being put or intended to be put, and the Facility's structure, improvements, fixtures and uses conform to any and all applicable federal, state and local laws, building, health and safety and other ordinances, laws, rules and regulations, except where nonconformance would not materially restrict the conduct of the Drug Discovery Program as presently conducted. There is no violation of any material covenant, restriction or other agreement or understanding, oral or written, affecting or relating to title or use of the Facility. There are no pending condemnation or similar proceedings or assessments affecting the Facility, nor to PerSeptive's best knowledge is any such condemnation or assessment contemplated by any governmental authority. No real estate owned by PerSeptive is used in the Drug Discovery Program. SECTION 2.17 Environmental Matters. (a) Environmental Substance Liability. To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, no event has occurred or condition exists or operating practice is being employed that could give rise to material liability with respect to the Facility or the Drug Discovery Program, either at the present time or in the future, for any losses, liabilities, damages (whether consequential or otherwise), settlements, penalties, interest and expenses (including any such liability on account of the right of any governmental or private entity or person, and including closure expenses, costs of assessment, containment, or removal (other than transportation or disposal of materials required to be transported or disposed of in the ordinary course of business, remedial work, or monitoring) arising under any presently enacted federal, state, or local statute, or any regulation that has been promulgated pursuant thereto, or common law, as a result of or in connection with, or alleged to be as a result of or in connection with, the following: (i) the handling, storage, use, transportation or disposal of any Substances (as hereinafter defined) in or near or from the Facility, by PerSeptive or its predecessors; (ii) the handling, storage, use, transportation or disposal of any Substances by PerSeptive or its predecessors which Substances were a product, by-product or otherwise resulted from the operation of the Drug Discovery Program 13 21 conducted by or on behalf of PerSeptive or its predecessors; (iii) any intentional or unintentional emission, discharge or release of any Substances in or near or from the Facility into or upon the air, surface water, ground water or land or any disposal, handling, manufacturing, processing, distribution, use, treatment, or transport of such Substances in or near or from the Facility by or on behalf of PerSeptive or its predecessors; or (iv) the presence of any toxic or hazardous building materials (including but not limited to asbestos or similar substances) in the Facility, including but not limited to the inclusion of such materials in the exterior and interior walls, floors, ceilings, tile, insulation or any other portion of the Facility. As used in this Section 2.17, the term "Substances" shall mean any pollutant, hazardous substance, hazardous material, hazardous waste or toxic waste, as defined in any presently enacted federal, state or local statute or any regulation that has been promulgated pursuant thereto. (b) Environmental Permits. To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge after due investigation, PerSeptive has obtained and holds all registrations, permits, licenses, and approvals issued by or on behalf of any federal, state or local government body or agency ("Environmental Permits"), that are required in connection with the discharge or emission of Substances (as hereinabove defined) from the Drug Discovery Program at the Facility or the generation, treatment, storage, transportation, or disposal of any such Substances. Such Environmental Permits, which are described in Schedule 2.17 in connection with the operation of the Drug Discovery Program, are currently effective and sufficient for the ownership and operation of the Drug Discovery Program as currently conducted, the failure to have would have a material adverse effect on the Drug Discovery Program. PerSeptive represents, covenants and warrants to and agrees with ChemGenics, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the time of Closing, as follows: (i) To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge after due investigation, PerSeptive and the operation of the Drug Discovery Program at the Facility are, and at the time of Closing shall 14 22 be, in compliance with all applicable laws, rules, regulations, orders, ordinances, judgments and decrees of all governmental authorities (federal, state, and local). Except as set forth in Schedule 2.17, PerSeptive is not aware of, nor has PerSeptive received notice of, any past, present or future events, conditions, circumstances, activities, practices, incidents, actions or plans of PerSeptive or PerSeptive's predecessors, either collectively, individually or severally, which may interfere with or prevent continued compliance, or which may give rise to any common law or legal liability, or otherwise form the basis of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, or investigation, based on or related to the disposal, storage, handling, manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, or transport, or the emission, discharge, release or threatened release into the environment, of any Pollutant. (ii) The Facility has not been listed or proposed for listing on the National Priorities List established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the List of Confirmed Disposal Sites and Locations To Be Investigated established by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality Engineering, or any other such list. (iii) PerSeptive has obtained all material permits, licenses and other authorizations which are required with respect to operation of the Drug Discovery Program at the Facility under federal, state and local laws or otherwise relating to pollution or protection of the environment. Except as set forth in Schedule 2.17, PerSeptive is in full compliance with all terms and conditions of such required permits, licenses and authorizations, and is also in full compliance with all other limitations, restrictions, conditions, standards, prohibitions, requirements, obligations, schedules, and timetables contained in those laws or provisions or contained in any regulation, code, plan, order, decree, judgment, notice or demand letter issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder and applicable to the 15 23 operation of the Drug Discovery Program at the Facility. SECTION 2.18 Insurance. PerSeptive is, and will be through the Closing and during the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement, adequately insured with responsible insurers in respect of its properties, assets and businesses against risks normally insured against by companies in similar lines of business under similar circumstances. SECTION 2.19 Outstanding Commitments. Schedule 2.19 sets forth a description of all existing contracts, agreements, commitments, licenses and franchises which involve more than $10,000 in consideration over the remaining term of the contract, agreement, commitment, license or franchise, other than agreements which relate only incidentally to the Drug Discovery Program and which are not reasonably required in the ongoing conduct of the Drug Discovery Program (collectively "Agreements"), whether written or oral, relating to the Drug Discovery Program. PerSeptive has delivered or made available to ChemGenics true, correct and complete copies of all of the Agreements specified on Schedule 2.19 which are in writing, and Schedule 2.19 contains an accurate and complete description of all Agreements which are not in writing. PerSeptive has paid in full all amounts due as of the date hereof under each Agreement identified in Schedule 2.19 and as of the Closing Date will have satisfied in full all of its liabilities and obligations thereunder due in the ordinary course of business prior to the Closing (it being understood that this representation shall not prevent PerSeptive from withholding payment in good faith based on a dispute with respect to its obligation to make payment, provided that the foregoing shall not be deemed to imply that ChemGenics shall have any liability therefore, and provided such nonpayment does not materially adversely affect the Transferred Assets or the Drug Discovery Program). All of the Agreements described in Schedule 2.19 are in full force and effect. PerSeptive and each other party thereto have performed all the obligations required to be performed by them to date, have received no notice of default and are not in default (with due notice or lapse of time or both) under any Agreement. PerSeptive has no present expectation or intention of not fully performing all its obligations under each Agreement, and PerSeptive has no knowledge of any breach or anticipated breach by the other party to any contract or commitment to which PerSeptive is a party. None of such Agreements has been terminated, no notice has been given by any party thereto of any alleged default by any party thereunder, and PerSeptive is not aware of any intention or right of any party to default another party to any such Agreement. There exists no actual or, to the knowledge of PerSeptive, threatened termination, cancellation or limitation of the business relationship of PerSeptive with any party to any such Agreement. 16 24 SECTION 2.20 Intellectual Property. The representations of PerSeptive in Section 4.1.7 of the form of License Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit 1.03(A)(ii) are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth fully herein. PerSeptive has the right to utilize the intellectual property rights it has utilized in the conduct of the Drug Discovery Program, all of which will be duly and validly transferred or licensed to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement or the License Agreement, as the case may be, without violation of any agreement to which PerSeptive is a party or is bound, except such rights which are not material to the Drug Discovery Program and which are licensed to PerSeptive and which PerSeptive is prohibited from licensing to ChemGenics. SECTION 2.21 Proprietary Information of Third Parties. No third party has claimed or, to the best knowledge of PerSeptive, has reason to claim that PerSeptive or any person employed by or affiliated with PerSeptive has in connection with the Drug Discovery Program (a) violated or may be violating any of the terms or conditions of PerSeptive's or such person's employment, non-competition or non-disclosure agreement with such third party, (b) disclosed or may be disclosing or utilized or may be utilizing any trade secret or proprietary information or documentation of such third party, or (c) interfered or may be interfering in the employment relationship between such third party and any of its present or former employees. No third party has requested information from PerSeptive which suggests that such a claim might be contemplated. To PerSeptive's best knowledge, no person employed by or affiliated with PerSeptive has employed or proposes to employ any trade secret or any information or documentation proprietary to any former employer and, no person employed by or affiliated with PerSeptive has violated any confidential relationship which such person may have had with any third party, in connection with the development, manufacture or sale of any product or proposed product or the development or sale of any service or proposed service of the Drug Discovery Program, and PerSeptive has no reason to believe there will be any such employment or violation. To the best of PerSeptive's knowledge, none of the execution or delivery of this Agreement, or the carrying on of the Drug Discovery Program as officers, employees or agents by any officer, director, employee or consultant of the Drug Discovery Program, or the conduct or proposed conduct of the Drug Discovery Program, will conflict with or result in a breach of the terms, conditions or provisions of or constitute a default under any contract, covenant or instrument under which any such person is obligated. SECTION 2.22 Disclosure. All documents and schedules delivered or to be delivered by or on behalf of PerSeptive in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby are true, complete and correct in all material respects. Neither this Agreement, nor any Schedule or Exhibit to this Agreement contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits 17 25 a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or therein, in light of the circumstances in which made, not misleading. SECTION 2.23 Purchase For Investment. PerSeptive is acquiring the Shares, the Warrant and Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant, and the Earnout Shares, if any, for investment for its own account and not with a view to the distribution or public offering thereof within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). PerSeptive understands that the Shares, the Warrant and Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant, have not been registered under the Securities Act or any state securities or "blue sky" laws and may not be sold or transferred without such registration or an exemption therefrom. PerSeptive consents to the placement of a legend on its certificate for the Shares and on the Warrant stating that such securities have not been registered and setting forth the restrictions on transfer contemplated hereby and by the Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement. PerSeptive is sufficiently experienced in financial and business matters to be capable of evaluating the risk of investment in the Shares and the Warrant, and to make an informed decision relating thereto. PerSeptive has the financial capability for making the investment, can afford a complete loss of the investment, and the investment is a suitable one for PerSeptive. PerSeptive is an Accredited Investor as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act. Prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, PerSeptive has been furnished with all information which it deems necessary to evaluate the merits and risks of the Shares and the Warrant and has had the opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers from representatives of ChemGenics regarding ChemGenics, the Shares and the Warrant. ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF CHEMGENICS As an inducement to PerSeptive to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, ChemGenics hereby represents and warrants to PerSeptive as follows: SECTION 3.01 Organization. ChemGenics is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, such jurisdiction being the only jurisdiction in which the character of the properties owned or leased by ChemGenics requires such qualification and in which the failure to so qualify would have a material adverse effect on ChemGenics. 18 26 SECTION 3.02 Corporate Power and Authority. ChemGenics has the corporate power and authority to own and hold its properties and to carry on its business. ChemGenics has the corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and the other documents and instruments contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the documents contemplated hereby and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized and approved by ChemGenics. This Agreement, and each of the other agreements, documents and instruments to be executed and delivered by ChemGenics have been duly executed and delivered by, and constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of, ChemGenics enforceable against ChemGenics in accordance with their terms, subject to bankruptcy and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and subject to general principles of equity which may limit the availability of remedies. SECTION 3.03 Validity, Etc. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other documents and instruments contemplated hereby, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, nor the performance of this Agreement and such other agreements in compliance with the terms and conditions hereof and thereof will (i) conflict with ChemGenics' certificate of incorporation or bylaw, (ii) violate or conflict with any judgment, decree, order, statute or regulation applicable to ChemGenics, (iii) violate, conflict with or result in a breach, default or termination or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of the maturity of any payment date of any of the obligations of ChemGenics or increase or otherwise affect the obligations of ChemGenics under any law, rule, regulation or any judgment, decree, order, governmental permit, license or order or any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any mortgage, indenture, note, trust agreement, license agreement or other instrument or obligation related to ChemGenics or to ChemGenics' ability to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except for such defaults (or rights of termination, cancellation or acceleration) as to which requisite waivers or consents have been obtained in writing and provided to PerSeptive or (iv) violate any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or regulation applicable to ChemGenics. SECTION 3.04 No Governmental Consent. Except for the filing of any notice prior or subsequent to the Closing that may be required under applicable state and/or federal securities laws (which, if required, shall be filed on a timely basis), and except for any consent or approval which may be required under the HSR Act, no authorization, consent, approval, license, exemption of or filing or registration with any court or governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, is or will be necessary for, or in connection with, the execution and delivery by ChemGenics of this Agreement, for the 19 27 offer, issue, sale, execution or delivery of the Shares, and the Warrant, or for the performance by ChemGenics of its obligations under this Agreement and the other agreements and instruments contemplated hereby. SECTION 3.05 Litigation. There is no (a) action, suit, claim, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the best of ChemGenics' knowledge, threatened against or affecting ChemGenics (whether or not ChemGenics is a party or prospective party thereto), at law or in equity, or before or by any federal, state, municipal or other governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, (b) arbitration proceeding relating to ChemGenics or (c) governmental inquiry pending or, to the best of ChemGenics' knowledge, threatened against or involving ChemGenics in which a decision adverse to ChemGenics would materially adversely affect ChemGenics and, to the best of ChemGenics' knowledge, there is no basis for any of the foregoing. There are no outstanding orders, writs, judgments, injunctions or decrees of any court, governmental agency or arbitration tribunal, and there are no facts or circumstances which may result in institution of any action, suit, claim or legal, administrative or arbitration proceeding or investigation which might prevent ChemGenics from entering into and performing this Agreement and the other documents and instruments contemplated hereby. ChemGenics is not in default with respect to any order, writ, injunction or decree known to or served upon it from any court or of any federal, state, municipal or other governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign which might prevent ChemGenics from entering into and performing this Agreement and the other documents and instruments contemplated hereby. SECTION 3.06 Financial Statements. ChemGenics has previously furnished to PerSeptive, and attached hereto as Schedule 3.06 are audited financial statements of ChemGenics from the years ended December 31, 1994 and 1995. All such financial statements (the "ChemGenics Financial Statements") have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied and were prepared from the books and records of ChemGenics, which books and records are complete and correct in all material respects. ChemGenics Financial Statements fairly present the financial position of ChemGenics as of the dates thereof and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods ended on the dates thereof. ChemGenics Financial Statements reflect reserves appropriate and adequate for all known material liabilities and reasonably anticipated losses as required by generally accepted accounting principles. Since the date of ChemGenics Balance Sheet (defined below), (a) there has been no change in the assets, liabilities or financial condition of the assets of ChemGenics from that reflected in ChemGenics Balance Sheet except for changes in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and which have not been materially 20 28 adverse and (b) none of the business, prospects, financial condition, operations, property or affairs of ChemGenics has been materially adversely affected by any occurrence or development, individually or in the aggregate, whether or not insured against. ChemGenics has disclosed to PerSeptive all material facts relating to the preparation of ChemGenics Financial Statements, including the basis of accounting for affiliated transactions. SECTION 3.07 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities. Except as and to the extent of the amounts specifically reflected or reserved against in the balance sheet dated December 31, 1995 (or the notes thereto) included in ChemGenics Financial Statements (the "ChemGenics Balance Sheet") ChemGenics does not have any material liabilities or obligations of any nature whatsoever, due or to become due, accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, except for material liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice. ChemGenics does not know of any basis for the assertion against ChemGenics of any material liability or obligation not fully reflected or reserved against in ChemGenics Balance Sheet or incurred in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice since the date thereof. SECTION 3.08 Transactions with Affiliates. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.08 there are no loans, leases, royalty agreements or other continuing transactions between (a) ChemGenics or, to ChemGenics' knowledge, any of its customers or suppliers, and (b) any officer, employee, consultant or director of ChemGenics or any Person owning five percent (5%) or more of the capital stock of ChemGenics, or to ChemGenics' knowledge, any member of the immediate family of such officer, employee, consultant, director or stockholder or any corporation or other entity controlled by such officer, employee, consultant, director or stockholder, or a member of the immediate family of such officer, employee, consultant, director or stockholder. SECTION 3.09 Investments in Other Persons. ChemGenics has not made any loans or advances in excess of $100,000 in the aggregate to any Person which is outstanding on the date of this Agreement, nor is it committed or obligated to make any such loan or advance, nor does ChemGenics own any capital stock, assets comprising the business of, obligations of, or any interest in, any Person. ChemGenics does not have, and has not since its incorporation had, any Subsidiaries. SECTION 3.10 Absence of Adverse Change. Since December 31, 1995, there has been no material adverse change in the business, financial condition, operations or assets of ChemGenics. Since December 31, 1995 ChemGenics has conducted its business in the ordinary course. 21 29 SECTION 3.11 Disclosure. All documents and schedules delivered or to be delivered by or on behalf of ChemGenics in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby are true, complete and correct in all material respects. Neither this Agreement, nor any Schedule or Exhibit to this Agreement contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or therein, in light of the circumstances in which made, not misleading. SECTION 3.12 Capitalization; Status of Capital Stock. ChemGenics has a total authorized capitalization consisting of (i) 16,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value and (ii) 11,275,000 shares of preferred stock, $.01 par value ("Preferred Stock"), of which 6,400,000 shares are designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value ("Series A Preferred Stock"), 1,100,000 shares are designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value ("Series B Preferred Stock"), 775,000 shares are designated as Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value ("Series C Preferred Stock"), and 3,000,000 shares are designated as Series D Preferred Stock, $.01 par value ("Series D Preferred Stock;" the Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock are collectively the "Preferred Stock"). 1,523,700 shares of Common Stock are issued and outstanding, 6,150,732 shares of Series A Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding, 1,063,366 shares of Series B Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding, 767,739 shares of Series C Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding and 3,000,000 shares of Series D Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding. Each outstanding share of Preferred Stock is on the date hereof convertible into one share of Common Stock. All the outstanding shares of capital stock of ChemGenics have been duly authorized, and are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The Shares when issued and delivered in accordance with the terms thereof, are duly authorized, validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable. The shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrant, when issued and delivered in accordance with the terms of the Warrant, are duly authorized, validly issued, and, assuming payment therefor in accordance with the terms hereof, fully-paid and non-assessable. Except for 2,006,400 shares of Common Stock that have been reserved for issuance upon exercise of stock options, 177,083 shares of Series A Preferred Stock that have been reserved for issuance upon exercise of warrants issued or to be issued to Comdisco, Inc. (the "Comdisco Leasing Warrants"), the shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion of the currently outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock and upon the conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock which may be issued upon exercise of the Comdisco Leasing Warrants, no options, warrants, subscriptions or purchase rights of any nature to acquire from ChemGenics, or commitments of ChemGenics to issue, shares of capital stock or other securities 22 30 are authorized, issued or outstanding, nor is ChemGenics obligated in any other manner to issue shares or rights to acquire any of its capital stock or other securities except as contemplated by this Agreement. None of ChemGenics' outstanding securities or authorized capital stock are subject to any rights of redemption, repurchase, rights of first refusal, preemptive rights or other similar rights, whether contractual, statutory or otherwise, for the benefit of ChemGenics, or to ChemGenics' knowledge, any stockholder, or any other Person, except pursuant hereto or as set forth on Schedule 3.12, and to the knowledge of ChemGenics, except as set forth on Schedule 3.12, there are no voting agreements regarding its securities. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.12, there are no restrictions on the transfer of shares of capital stock of ChemGenics other than those imposed by relevant federal and state securities laws and as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement. SECTION 3.13 Absence of Certain Developments. ChemGenics is not a party to any written or material oral contract or instrument or other corporate restriction which individually or in the aggregate is reasonably likely to adversely affect the business, prospects, financial condition, operations, Intellectual Property Rights, property or affairs of ChemGenics. SECTION 3.14 Certain Agreements of Officers and Employees. To ChemGenics' knowledge, no officer, employee or consultant of ChemGenics is, or is now or will be at the Closing, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, patent disclosure agreement, proprietary information agreement, non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, confidentiality agreement, or any other similar contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant, relating to the right of any such officer, employee, or consultant to be employed or engaged by ChemGenics because of the nature of the business conducted or to be conducted by ChemGenics or relating to the use of trade secrets or proprietary information of others which is reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on ChemGenics. SECTION 3.15 Compliance. ChemGenics is in compliance in all material respects with the terms and provisions of its Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, each as amended and/or restated to date, and with the terms and provisions of all mortgages, indentures, leases, agreements and other instruments by which it is bound or to which it or any of its properties or assets are subject where noncompliance would have a material adverse affect on the business, assets, operations, or financial condition of ChemGenics. ChemGenics is in compliance in all respects with, and has not defaulted under, all judgments, decrees, governmental orders, laws, statutes, rules or regulations by which it is bound or to which it or any of its properties or assets are subject where noncompliance or default would have a material adverse affect on 23 31 the business, assets, operations, or financial condition of ChemGenics. SECTION 3.16 Title to Assets, Patents. ChemGenics has good and merchantable title to its tangible assets. ChemGenics enjoys peaceful and undisturbed possession under all leases under which it is operating, and all said leases are valid and subsisting and in full force and effect in all material respects. ChemGenics owns or has a valid right to use the intellectual property rights being used to conduct its business; and to ChemGenics' knowledge the conduct of its business does not conflict with or infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others in any manner which is reasonably anticipated to have a material adverse effect on ChemGenics. No claim is pending or to ChemGenics' knowledge threatened against ChemGenics and/or, to ChemGenics' knowledge, its officers, employees and consultants to the effect that any such right owned or licensed by ChemGenics is invalid or subject to any claim of infringement. Within 15 days of the date hereof, ChemGenics will provide PerSeptive with a list of its patents and patent applications. ChemGenics has taken reasonable measures to protect and preserve the security, confidentiality and value of its intellectual property rights. All employees and consultants of ChemGenics involved in the design, review, evaluation or development of intellectual property rights have executed nondisclosure and assignment of inventions agreements. ChemGenics has not received notice of, and to the best of ChemGenics' knowledge after reasonable investigation, there are no claims that ChemGenics' intellectual property rights or the use or ownership thereof by ChemGenics infringes, violates or conflicts with any such right of any third party. SECTION 3.17 Environmental and Safety Laws. To the best of ChemGenics' knowledge after due investigation, it is not in violation of any applicable statute, law or regulation relating to the environment or occupational safety and health which would have a material adverse effect on ChemGenics. To the best of ChemGenics' knowledge after due investigation, ChemGenics has obtained and holds all registrations, permits, licenses, and approvals issued by or on behalf of any federal, state or local government body or agency ("Environmental Permits"), that are required in connection with the discharge or emission of Substances at its premises or the generation, treatment, storage, transportation, or disposal of any such Substances or otherwise for the operation of ChemGenics' business. Such Environmental Permits, which are described in Schedule 3.17, are currently effective and sufficient for the ownership and operation of its business as currently conducted, the failure to have would have a material adverse effect on ChemGenics. 24 32 SECTION 3.18 Insurance. ChemGenics is insured with responsible insurers in respect of its properties, assets and businesses against risks normally insured against by companies in similar lines of business under similar circumstances. SECTION 3.19 Certain Agreements. Within fifteen days from the date hereof Chemgenics will provide PerSeptive with a list of all existing contracts, agreements, commitments, licenses and franchises which are material to the operation of ChemGenics business. ChemGenics has previously delivered or made available to PerSeptive true, correct and complete copies of all such agreements. ChemGenics is not a party to any agreement which would prevent its execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.19, ChemGenics is not a party to any agreement the terms of which require ChemGenics to disclose to the other party thereto the proprietary information transferred to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement, or to sublicense, assign or otherwise grant any license or other rights which ChemGenics will obtain pursuant to this Agreement. ARTICLE IV COVENANTS OF PERSEPTIVE PerSeptive covenants and agrees with ChemGenics as follows: SECTION 4.01 Best Efforts Cooperation. PerSeptive shall use its reasonable best efforts in good faith to perform and fulfill all conditions and obligations to be fulfilled or performed by it hereunder, to the end that the transactions contemplated hereby will be fully and timely consummated. SECTION 4.02 Access. Until the Closing, PerSeptive shall give ChemGenics, its attorneys, accountants and other authorized representatives complete access, upon reasonable notice and at reasonable times, to PerSeptive's offices, properties, employees, products, technology, business and financial records, contracts, business plans, budgets and projections, agreements and commitments and other documents and information concerning the Drug Discovery Program and persons employed by or doing business with PerSeptive in connection with the Drug Discovery Program. For three (3) years following the Closing, PerSeptive shall provide ChemGenics with reasonable access to any and all records relating to the Drug Discovery Program which remain in the possession of accountants, attorneys and other parties. In order that ChemGenics may have full opportunity to make such examination and investigation as it may desire of the business and affairs of PerSeptive in connection with the Drug Discovery Program, PerSeptive will furnish ChemGenics and its representatives during such period with all such information as such representatives may reasonably request and 25 33 cause the respective officers, employees, consultants, agents, accountants and attorneys of PerSeptive to cooperate fully with the representatives of ChemGenics in connection with such review and examination and to make full disclosure to ChemGenics of all material facts affecting PerSeptive's financial condition, business operations, properties and prospects as each relate to the Drug Discovery Program; provided, however, that ChemGenics will hold the documents and information concerning PerSeptive and the Drug Discovery Program confidential in accordance with the Confidentiality Agreement, as amended April 23, 1996 in the form of Exhibit 4.02 between PerSeptive and ChemGenics dated October 25, 1996 (the "Confidentiality Agreement"), as amended as of April 23, 1996. SECTION 4.03 Properties, Business, Insurance. Until the Closing and during the term of the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement, PerSeptive shall maintain with financially sound and reputable insurers, insurance against such casualties and contingencies and of such types and in such amounts as is customary for companies similarly situated. SECTION 4.04 Compliance with Laws. PerSeptive shall conduct the Drug Discovery Program in all material respects in compliance with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders. SECTION 4.05 Actions Prior to Closing. PerSeptive shall conduct the Drug Discovery Program pending the Closing in a manner consistent with past practice. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, PerSeptive will not, except in the ordinary and usual course of business, without the prior written consent of ChemGenics do any of the following regarding the Transferred Assets or the Drug Discovery Program: (i) make any acquisition or disposition of assets, (ii) enter into any contract or release or relinquish any contract or other right, or (iii) enter into or renew any employment agreement with any employees or consultants or grant any increases in the compensation or benefits to, or agree to pay any bonus, severance or termination payment or other special compensation to any employees or consultants. SECTION 4.06 Litigation. PerSeptive will promptly notify ChemGenics of any lawsuits, claims, proceedings or investigations which are threatened or commenced against or by PerSeptive or its affiliates, or against any employee, consultant or director of PerSeptive (i) relating to the Transferred Assets, the Drug Discovery Program or the transactions contemplated hereby or (ii) in which a decision adverse to PerSeptive would adversely affect the value of the Transferred Assets or the Drug Discovery Program. SECTION 4.07 Continued Effectiveness of Representations and Warranties. From the date hereof up to and including the Closing Date, (i) PerSeptive will conduct the Drug Discovery Program in a manner such that the representations and warranties contained 26 34 herein shall continue to be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date as if made on and as of the Closing Date, except for changes and the consequences of events arising in the ordinary and usual course of business after the date hereof and none of which would have an adverse effect on the properties, assets, operations or condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Drug Discovery Program; and (ii) PerSeptive will advise ChemGenics promptly in writing of any condition or circumstance occurring from the date hereof up to and including the Closing Date which could cause any representations or warranty of PerSeptive to become untrue in any material respect. SECTION 4.08 No Negotiations. Until July 1, 1996, or the earlier termination of this Agreement in accordance with its terms, neither PerSeptive nor any of its affiliates, advisors, agents or investment bankers shall, directly or indirectly, initiate discussions with, engage in negotiations with, or provide any information to any corporation, partnership, person or other entity or group involving the possible sale, directly or indirectly, transfer or joint venture of any part of the Transferred Assets or the Drug Discovery Program to any person or entity other than ChemGenics. SECTION 4.09 Confidentiality and Non-Competition. At the Closing PerSeptive will enter into a Confidentiality and Non- Competition Agreement (the "Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement") containing the terms set forth in Exhibit 4.09, and such other terms and conditions and otherwise in form and substance satisfactory to each party. ARTICLE V COVENANTS OF CHEMGENICS SECTION 5.01 Cooperation. ChemGenics shall use its reasonable best efforts in good faith to perform and fulfill all conditions and obligations to be fulfilled or performed by it hereunder to the end that the transactions contemplated hereby will be fully and timely consummated. SECTION 5.02 Access. Until the Closing, ChemGenics shall give PerSeptive, its attorneys, accountants and other authorized representatives complete access, upon reasonable notice and at reasonable times, to ChemGenics' offices, properties, employees, products, technology, business and financial records, contracts, business plans, budgets and projections, agreements and commitments and other documents and information concerning ChemGenics and persons employed by or doing business with ChemGenics. In order that PerSeptive may have full opportunity to make such examination and investigation as it may desire of the business and affairs of ChemGenics, ChemGenics will furnish PerSeptive and its representatives during such period with all such information as 27 35 such representatives may reasonably request and cause the respective officers, employees, consultants, agents, accountants and attorneys of ChemGenics to cooperate fully with the representatives of ChemGenics in connection with such review and examination and to make full disclosure to PerSeptive of all material facts affecting ChemGenics' financial condition, business operations, properties and prospects; provided, however, that PerSeptive will hold the documents and information concerning ChemGenics confidential in accordance with the Confidentiality Agreement. SECTION 5.03 Litigation. ChemGenics will promptly notify PerSeptive of any lawsuits, claims, proceedings or investigations which are threatened or commenced against or by ChemGenics or its affiliates, or against any employee, consultant or director of ChemGenics. SECTION 5.04 Continued Effectiveness of Representations and Warranties. From the date hereof up to and including the Closing Date, (i) ChemGenics will conduct its business in the ordinary course and a manner such that the representations and warranties contained herein shall continue to be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date as if made on and as of the Closing Date, except for changes and the consequences of events arising in the ordinary and usual course of business after the date hereof and none of which would have an adverse effect on the properties, assets, operations or condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the business of ChemGenics; and (ii) ChemGenics will advise PerSeptive promptly in writing of any condition or circumstance occurring from the date hereof up to and including the Closing Date which could cause any representations or warranty of ChemGenics to become untrue in any material respect. SECTION 5.05 No Amendments. Except as contemplated by this Agreement (including amendments to increase the number of shares of authorized Common Stock of ChemGenics and to change ChemGenics' corporate name), from the date hereof up to and including the Closing Date, ChemGenics will not amend its Restated Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, effect any recapitalization, enter into any merger agreement, or sell or enter into any agreement regarding the sale of, all or substantially all of its assets. SECTION 5.06 Right of First Refusal; Percentage Maintenance. (a) Right of First Refusal. From and after the Closing, before ChemGenics shall issue, sell or exchange, agree or obligate itself to issue, sell or exchange, or reserve or set aside for issuance, sale or exchange, any (i) shares of Common Stock, (ii) any other equity security of ChemGenics, including without limitation, shares of preferred stock, (iii) any convertible debt security of ChemGenics, including without limitation, any debt security which by its terms is 28 36 convertible into or exchangeable for any equity security of ChemGenics, (iv) any security of ChemGenics that is a combination of debt and equity, or (v) any option, warrant or other right to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire any interest relating to such equity or debt security of ChemGenics, ChemGenics shall, in each case, first offer to sell such securities (the "Offered Securities") to PerSeptive that portion of the Offered Securities as the number of shares of Common Stock then held by PerSeptive bears to the total number of outstanding shares of capital stock of ChemGenics on a fully diluted basis, at a price and on such other terms as shall have been specified by ChemGenics in writing delivered to PerSeptive (the "Offer"), which Offer by its terms shall remain open and irrevocable for a period of twenty (20) days from receipt of the Offer. (b) Notice of Acceptance. Notice of PerSeptive's intention to accept any Offer made pursuant to Section 5.06(a) shall be evidenced by a writing signed by PerSeptive and delivered to ChemGenics prior to the end of the 20-day period of such offer (the "Notice of Acceptance"). (c) Conditions to Acceptance and Purchase. (i) Permitted Sales of Refused Securities. In the event that a Notice of Acceptance is not given by PerSeptive in respect of all of the Offered Securities, ChemGenics shall have ninety (90) days from the end of said 20-day period to sell any such Offered Securities as to which a Notice of Acceptance has not been given by PerSeptive (the "Refused Securities") to the person or persons specified in the Offer or to any other person who has a right of first refusal to purchase ChemGenics' securities, but only upon terms and conditions, including, without limitation, unit price and interest rates, which are no more favorable, in the aggregate, to such other person or persons or less favorable to ChemGenics than those set forth in the Offer. (ii) Reduction in Amount of Offered Securities. In the event ChemGenics shall propose to sell less than all of the Refused Securities (any such sale to be in the manner and on the terms specified in Section 5.06(c)(i) above), then PerSeptive shall reduce the number of shares or other units of the Offered Securities specified in its Notice of Acceptance to an amount which shall be not less than the amount of the Offered Securities which PerSeptive elected to purchase pursuant to Section 5.06(b) multiplied by a fraction, (I) the numerator of which shall be the amount of Offered Securities which ChemGenics actually proposes to sell, and (II) the denominator of which shall be the amount of 29 37 all Offered Securities. In the event that PerSeptive so elects to reduce the number or amount of Offered Securities specified in its Notice of Acceptance, ChemGenics may not sell or otherwise dispose of more than the reduced amount of the Offered Securities until such securities have again been offered to PerSeptive in accordance with Section 5.06(a). (iii) Closing. Upon the closing, which shall include full payment to ChemGenics, of the sale to such other person or persons of all or less than all the Refused Securities, PerSeptive shall purchase from ChemGenics, and ChemGenics shall sell to PerSeptive, the number of Offered Securities specified in the Notice of Acceptance, as reduced pursuant to Section 5.06(c)(ii) upon the terms and conditions specified in the Offer. The purchase by PerSeptive of any Offered Securities is subject in all cases to the preparation, execution and delivery by ChemGenics and PerSeptive of a purchase agreement relating to such Offered Securities reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to ChemGenics and PerSeptive. (d) Further Sale. In each case, any Offered Securities not purchased by PerSeptive or other person or persons in accordance with Section 5.06(c) may not be sold or otherwise disposed of until they are again offered to PerSeptive under the procedures specified in Sections 5.06(a)-(c). (e) Termination of Right of First Refusal. The rights of PerSeptive under this Section 5.06 shall terminate immediately prior to the effectiveness of, and shall not apply to shares issued pursuant to, a registration statement filed by ChemGenics with respect to an offering of its securities, but expressly conditioned on the consummation of such offering. (f) Exceptions. The rights of PerSeptive under this Section 5.06 shall not apply to: (i) Common Stock issued as a stock dividend to holders of Common Stock or upon any subdivision or combination of shares of Common Stock; (ii) Preferred Stock issued as a dividend to holders of Preferred Stock upon any subdivision or combination of shares of Preferred Stock, provided that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock as a percentage of the total equity of ChemGenics shall remain the same; (iii) the issuance of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant; 30 38 (iv) the issuance of Common Stock upon conversion of any Preferred Stock or any other convertible securities of ChemGenics outstanding as of the date hereof or issued in accordance with this Section 5.06; (v) up to 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock, or options or warrants exercisable therefor (including 2,006,400 options granted prior to and outstanding on the date hereof pursuant to ChemGenics' 1992 Stock Option Plan), issued on or after the date hereof to directors, officers, employees or consultants of ChemGenics and any subsidiary (including members of ChemGenics' Scientific Advisory Board) pursuant to any qualified or non-qualified stock option plan or agreement, employee stock ownership plan, employee benefit plan, stock purchase agreement, stock plan, stock restriction agreement, or consulting agreement or such other options, warrants, equity arrangements, agreements or plans in each case approved by two-thirds of the members of the Board of Directors of ChemGenics; (v) up to 177,083 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued pursuant to the Comdisco Leasing Warrants, and shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of such shares; (vi) shares of capital stock or options or warrants therefor, to be issued to equipment leasing organizations in connection with any equipment leasing arrangements to which ChemGenics is a party and which have been approved by the Board of Directors; or (vii) shares of capital stock issued in connection with a merger or acquisition approved by the Board of Directors. Each of the foregoing numbers shall be subject to equitable adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination, reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification or other similar event. SECTION 5.07 Confidentiality and Non-Competition. At the Closing ChemGenics will enter into the Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement. ARTICLE VI CONDITIONS TO CHEMGENICS' OBLIGATIONS The obligation of ChemGenics to issue and transfer the Shares on the Closing Date and to consummate the other transactions contemplated hereby is subject to the satisfaction, on or before 31 39 the Closing Date, of the following conditions each of which may be waived by ChemGenics in its sole discretion: SECTION 6.01 No Material Adverse Economic Event. There shall not have occurred (i) any general suspension of trading in, or limitation on prices for, or other extraordinary event affecting securities on the New York Stock Exchange, (ii) a declaration of a banking moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United States or (iii) any material limitation (whether or not mandatory) by any governmental authority on, or any other event which might affect the extension of credit by, lending institutions, or (iv) in the case of any of the foregoing existing on the Closing Date a material acceleration or worsening thereof. SECTION 6.02 Consents. All requisite governmental approvals and consents of third parties required to be received to prevent any license, permit or agreement material to the Drug Discovery Program from terminating prior to its scheduled termination, as a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, shall have been obtained, including, without limitation, the expiration of any waiting period or the receipt of any consent or approval which may be required under the HSR Act. SECTION 6.03 Representations and Warranties True. All of the representations and warranties of PerSeptive contained in this Agreement or in any Schedules or other documents attached hereto or referred to herein or delivered pursuant hereto or in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby shall be true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of the date hereof and on and as of the Closing Date, as if made on and as of the Closing Date. On the Closing Date, PerSeptive shall have executed and delivered to ChemGenics a certificate, in form and substance satisfactory to ChemGenics and its counsel, to such effect. SECTION 6.04 Performance. PerSeptive shall have performed and complied with all covenants and agreements contained herein required to be performed or complied with by it prior to or at the Closing Date. PerSeptive shall have executed and delivered to ChemGenics a certificate, in form and substance satisfactory to ChemGenics and its counsel, in writing to such effect and to the further effect that all of the conditions set forth in this Article VI have been satisfied. SECTION 6.05 No Adverse Change. No change shall have occurred or be threatened in the condition, properties, assets or liabilities of the Drug Discovery Program, which has or is or is reasonably likely to frustrate the essential purposes of this transaction. SECTION 6.06 Opinion of Counsel. ChemGenics shall have received the opinion of Samuel P. Hunt III, Esq., in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit 6.06. 32 40 SECTION 6.07 No Actions, Suits or Proceedings. As of the Closing Date, no action, suit, investigation or proceeding brought by any person, corporation, governmental agency or other entity shall be pending or, to the knowledge of the parties to this Agreement, threatened, before any court or governmental body (i) to restrain, prohibit, restrict or delay, or to obtain damages or a discovery order in respect of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, or (ii) which has had or may have a materially adverse effect on the condition, financial or otherwise, or prospects of the Drug Discovery Program. No order, decree or judgment of any court or governmental body shall have been issued restraining, prohibiting, restricting or delaying, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. No insolvency proceeding of any character including without limitation, bankruptcy, receivership, reorganization, dissolution or arrangement with creditors, voluntary or involuntary, affecting PerSeptive shall be pending, and PerSeptive shall not have taken any action in contemplation of, or which would constitute the basis for, the institution of any such proceedings. SECTION 6.08 Investigation Satisfactory. ChemGenics shall have reviewed all of the Schedules, and shall be satisfied that (i) none of the information on any Schedule (as they may be supplemented prior to the Closing) frustrates the essential business purpose of the transaction contemplated hereby and (ii) that the representations and warranties of PerSeptive are true and correct in all material respects. SECTION 6.09 Closing Documents. PerSeptive shall have delivered all of the resolutions, certificates, documents, ancillary agreements and instruments required by this Agreement. SECTION 6.10 Approval of ChemGenics' Stockholders and Preferred Stockholders. The stockholders of ChemGenics shall have approved the requisite amendments to ChemGenics' Certificate of Incorporation and the holders of ChemGenics' Preferred Stock shall have consented to the transactions contemplated hereby as required under the terms of the Preferred Stock and agreements executed in connection with the issuance thereof. ChemGenics will seek to obtain such approvals and consents promptly following the execution of this Agreement and will use best efforts to obtain such approval and consent on or before May 10, 1996. SECTION 6.11 Approval of ChemGenics and Its Counsel. All actions, proceedings, consents, instruments and documents required to be delivered by, or at the behest or direction of, PerSeptive hereunder or incident to its performance hereunder, and all other related matters, shall be reasonably satisfactory as to form and substance to ChemGenics and its counsel. 33 41 ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS TO PERSEPTIVE'S OBLIGATIONS The obligation of PerSeptive to transfer the Transferred Assets to ChemGenics and to consummate the other transactions contemplated hereby is subject to the satisfaction, on or before the Closing Date, of the following conditions, each of which may be waived by PerSeptive in its sole discretion: SECTION 7.01 No Material Adverse Economic Event. There shall not have occurred (i) any general suspension of trading in, or limitation on prices for, or other extraordinary event affecting securities on the New York Stock Exchange, (ii) a declaration of a banking moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United States or (iii) any material limitation (whether or not mandatory) by any governmental authority on, or any other event which might affect the extension of credit by, lending institutions, or (iv) in the case of any of the foregoing existing on the Closing Date a material acceleration or worsening thereof. SECTION 7.02 Consents. All requisite governmental approvals and consents of third parties required to be received to prevent any license, permit or agreement material to the Drug Discovery Program from terminating prior to its scheduled termination, as a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, shall have been obtained, including, without limitation, the expiration of any waiting period or the receipt of any consent or approval which may be required under the HSR Act. SECTION 7.03 Representations and Warranties True. All of the representations and warranties of ChemGenics contained in this Agreement or in any Schedules or other documents attached hereto or referred to herein or delivered pursuant hereto or in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby shall be true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of the date hereof and on and as of the Closing Date, as if made on and as of the Closing Date. On the Closing Date, ChemGenics shall have executed and delivered to ChemGenics a certificate, in form and substance satisfactory to ChemGenics and its counsel, to such effect. SECTION 7.04 Performance. ChemGenics shall have performed and complied in all material respects with all agreements contained herein required to be performed or complied with by it prior to or at the Closing Date, and ChemGenics shall have delivered a certificate to PerSeptive, in form and substance satisfactory to PerSeptive and its counsel to such effect and to the further effect that all of the conditions set forth in this Article VII have been satisfied. SECTION 7.05 No Adverse Change. No change shall have occurred or be threatened in the condition (financial or other) of ChemGenics, the results of its operations, properties, assets, 34 42 liabilities or businesses which has been or is or is reasonably likely to be materially adverse to its operations, properties, prospects, assets or condition (financial or other). SECTION 7.06 Opinion of ChemGenics' Counsel. PerSeptive shall have received from Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., an opinion dated the Closing Date, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7.06. SECTION 7.07 No Actions, Suits or Proceedings. As of the Closing Date, no action, suit, investigation or proceeding brought by any person, corporation, governmental agency or other entity shall be pending or, to the knowledge of the parties to this Agreement, threatened, before any court or governmental body to restrain, prohibit, restrict or delay, or to obtain damages or a discovery order in respect of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. No order, decree or judgment of any court or governmental body shall have been issued restraining, prohibiting, restricting or delaying, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. No insolvency proceeding of any character including without limitation, bankruptcy, receivership, reorganization, dissolution or arrangement with creditors, voluntary or involuntary, affecting ChemGenics shall be pending, and ChemGenics shall not have taken any action in contemplation of, or which would constitute the basis for, the institution of any such proceedings. SECTION 7.08 Investigation Satisfactory. PerSeptive shall have reviewed all of the Schedules, and shall be satisfied that (i) none of the information on any Schedule (as they may be supplemented prior to the Closing) frustrates the essential business purpose of the transaction contemplated hereby and (ii) that the representations and warranties of ChemGenics are true and correct in all material respects. SECTION 7.09 Closing Documents. ChemGenics shall have delivered the Shares and all of the resolutions, certificates, documents, ancillary agreements and instruments required by this Agreement. SECTION 7.10 Approval of PerSeptive and Its Counsel. All actions, proceedings, consents, instruments and documents required to be delivered by, or at the behest or direction of, ChemGenics hereunder or incident to its performance hereunder, and all other related matters, shall be reasonably satisfactory as to form and substance to PerSeptive and its counsel. SECTION 7.11 No Change of Control. There shall not have occurred between the date hereof and the Closing a transfer of all or substantially all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of ChemGenics to parties other than ChemGenics' existing stockholders or their affiliates. 35 43 SECTION 7.12 Name Change. Myco Pharmaceuticals Inc. shall have changed its name to ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc., or such other name as PerSeptive shall approve. SECTION 7.13 Chairman of the Board. Noubar B. Afeyan shall have been elected to serve as Chairman of the Board of ChemGenics and he or his designee as a member of its Scientific Advisory Board. ARTICLE VIII POST-CLOSING COVENANTS SECTION 8.01 Employee Matters. (a) Immediately after the execution of this Agreement, PerSeptive shall make available to ChemGenics each of the Employees, who will dedicate his or her full business time to the Drug Discovery Program of ChemGenics and perform the services reasonably requested by ChemGenics. The Employees shall remain employees of PerSeptive until and subject to the Closing and ChemGenics shall have no responsibility or obligation therefor and nothing contained herein shall give the Employees any rights to employment by ChemGenics. Upon the Closing ChemGenics shall reimburse PerSeptive for the salary, costs of benefits and reimbursements for expenses incurred by such employees between the date hereof and the Closing. (b) Upon the Closing, ChemGenics will offer employment to each of the Employees listed in Schedule 2.12, or any other person employed by PerSeptive who may have been substituted for one of the Employees after the date hereof with the consent of ChemGenics (a "Substitute Employee") at a salary level not less than that in effect on the date hereof and with benefits comparable to ChemGenics' employees similarly situated, and PerSeptive shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such persons to enter into employment or consulting arrangements or agreements with ChemGenics (as ChemGenics shall designate), and ChemGenics agrees to negotiate in good faith such arrangements or agreements; provided that, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, no provision of this Section 8.01 shall create any third-party beneficiary rights in any person or organization, including, without limitation, employees or former employees (including any beneficiary or dependent thereof) of PerSeptive or any of its affiliates, trustees, administrators, participants or beneficiaries of any employee benefit plan, and no provision of this Section 8.01 shall create such third-party beneficiary rights in any such person or organization in respect of any benefits that might be provided, directly or indirectly, under any employee benefit plan or arrangement, including the currently existing 36 44 plans of PerSeptive. PerSeptive and ChemGenics each agree to (a) use its reasonable best efforts to effect the transfer of the designated Employees so as to prevent the creation of any severance or termination penalties or benefits in respect of such transfer and (b) cooperate with the filings, calculations and other actions necessary to effect the transactions contemplated by this Section 8.01 and in obtaining any governmental approvals required hereunder. SECTION 8.02 Consulting and Interim Services. The parties shall perform their respective obligations under the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement. In addition to the services of Employees set forth in Section 8.01, PerSeptive shall provide to ChemGenics (i) from time to time for a period of three years after the Closing Date up to $500,000 of supplies distributed or manufactured by PerSeptive valued at fully burdened manufactured or actual acquired cost, (ii) the use and ownership (subject to Schedule 1.01(b)) of all equipment transferred pursuant to Section 1.01 or listed on Schedule 1.01(b) and (iii) senior management consultations, in each case as more fully set forth in the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement. SECTION 8.03 Sub-Lease. PerSeptive shall, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Sub-Lease, subject to obtaining the landlord's consent, lease the Premises (as defined in the Sub-Lease) to ChemGenics. ChemGenics shall, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Sub-Lease, not be obligated to pay rent until the completion of the Public Offering; thereafter, ChemGenics shall pay the monthly rent provided for in the Sub-Lease to PerSeptive. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event PerSeptive's landlord does not consent to the Sublease on a timely basis, PerSeptive shall provide ChemGenics with satisfactory use of such premises or equivalent premises on terms equivalent to those set forth in the Sub-Lease. If the Public Offering does not occur and the asset purchase and other agreements and instruments set forth herein are rescinded and unwound (as described below), ChemGenics and PerSeptive agree to negotiate in good faith regarding the terms and conditions of continuation or termination of the Sub-Lease, subject to the other terms and provisions thereof. SECTION 8.04 Standstill; Registration Rights. Except pursuant to the Warrant, (i) for a period of ten years after the Closing Date, PerSeptive will not purchase any Common Stock of ChemGenics (subject to PerSeptive's right to maintain its pro rata percentage ownership of ChemGenics' capital stock, as more fully set forth in Section 5.06), (ii) for a period of three (3) years after the Closing Date, PerSeptive will not sell or agree to sell any capital stock of ChemGenics, during the fourth year will not sell or agree to sell more than 979,268 shares plus up to 10% of the shares actually acquired by PerSeptive upon exercise of the Warrant, during the fifth year will not sell or agree to sell more 37 45 than 1,958,536 shares plus (a) such number of shares permitted to be sold in the prior year and not sold and (b) up to an additional 20% of the shares actually acquired by PerSeptive upon exercise of the Warrant, or in any year thereafter more than 3,427,438 shares plus up to 35% of the shares actually acquired by PerSeptive upon exercise of the Warrant, provided, that PerSeptive shall be allowed to transfer shares to subsidiaries or for accounting purposes as set forth in Exhibit 1.03(C)(iv), (iii) ChemGenics shall provide PerSeptive with limited "piggy back" and Form S-3 Registration Rights, and (iv) PerSeptive will enter into the other agreements regarding the capital stock of ChemGenics, in each case as set forth in the Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement. SECTION 8.05 Further Assurances. At any time and from time to time after the Closing Date, at the request of ChemGenics and without further consideration, PerSeptive will execute and deliver such other instruments of sale, transfer, conveyance, assignment and confirmation as may be reasonably requested in order to more effectively transfer, convey and assign to ChemGenics and to confirm ChemGenics' title to the Transferred Assets. SECTION 8.06 Public Offering. Within a period of 180 days after the Closing, ChemGenics will use commercially reasonable efforts to accomplish an underwritten initial public offering of its Common Stock, in which offering ChemGenics will attempt to raise between $20 and $30 million (the "Public Offering"), net to ChemGenics. ChemGenics will seek PerSeptive's consent with respect to the choice of lead managing underwriter, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. If the Public Offering is not consummated within such 180-day period, the parties may extend the period by mutual agreement. If at the end of the initial 180-day period, ChemGenics has a registration statement on file with the SEC, and in ChemGenics' reasonable judgement, there does not appear to be any material impediment to the successful completion of the Public Offering, then the period for completing the Public Offering hereunder shall be automatically extended for an additional 90 days (such 180-day or 270-day period, as the case may be, is hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Public Offering Period"). PerSeptive shall at its own cost assist and cooperate with ChemGenics as ChemGenics may reasonably request in effecting the Public Offering in a timely manner. SECTION 8.07 Further Negotiations on Certain Conditions. If (a) the Public Offering Period shall lapse without the successful completion of the Public Offering, and ChemGenics and PerSeptive shall not have extended the period by mutual agreement, or (b) if Noubar Afeyan ceases to be available to consult with ChemGenics pursuant to the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement prior to completion of the Public Offering, then during the thirty (30) day period following either such event, the parties shall confer and negotiate in good faith to seek to agree upon alternate financing arrangements, or additional agreements and/or modified terms to 38 46 this Agreement and/or the other documents executed in connection herewith, to accommodate each party's respective interests. In the event that the parties do not agree to such alternate arrangements or additional or modified terms within such thirty (30) day period, with respect to (a) ChemGenics or PerSeptive and, with respect to (b), ChemGenics, shall have the right, each in its sole discretion, by giving written notice to the other party within ninety (90) days following the expiration of the foregoing thirty (30) day period, to rescind this Agreement, the other agreements, documents and instruments entered into in connection herewith, and to unwind the collaboration established by such agreements and other documents such that: (i) ChemGenics shall return the Transferred Assets to PerSeptive in the same condition as the Transferred Assets were delivered, subject to reasonable wear and tear and consumption of supplies, (ii) PerSeptive shall return the Shares and the Warrant and any securities issued to PerSeptive pursuant to Section 5.06 (subject to return of the purchase price paid therefore) to ChemGenics, (iii) ChemGenics and PerSeptive shall take such other actions as may be necessary or desirable to restore the respective rights, obligations and liabilities of ChemGenics and PerSeptive as nearly as possible to the status quo which existed prior to Closing, subject to the specific provisions of certain of the Exhibits hereto which provide for the continuation of certain rights and obligations of the parties after the rescission in certain circumstances, and (iv) return written manifestations of confidential information (except for such information as is associated with the rights granted pursuant to Section 9.3 of the License Agreement). ARTICLE IX TERMINATION SECTION 9.01 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated and the transactions contemplated hereby may be abandoned at any time prior to the Closing: A. By mutual written consent duly authorized by the Boards of Directors of ChemGenics and PerSeptive. B. By ChemGenics or PerSeptive if: (i) the Closing has not occurred on or prior to June 15, 1996 for any reason other than the breach of any provision of this Agreement by the party terminating this Agreement; (ii) the other party materially breaches any of its representations, warranties or covenants attached hereto; or 39 47 (iii) either party is unable in good faith to agree to any unagreed to material term of one of the other agreements contemplated hereby. C. By ChemGenics if: (i) Any of the conditions set forth in Article VI hereof has not been satisfied on or before June 15, 1996 or shall have become incapable of fulfillment and shall not have been waived by ChemGenics for any reason other than a breach by ChemGenics hereunder; or (ii) If in ChemGenics' good faith judgment there is any material inaccuracy in any representations or breach of any warranty contained herein, or any material failure by PerSeptive to perform any commitment, covenant or condition contained in this Agreement, or there exists any error, misstatement or omission with regard to any of the Exhibits, Schedules or other documents referred to herein, or ChemGenics in its sole judgment believes that the contents of any of the Exhibits, Schedules, information or other documents, or the business and condition (financial or otherwise) of the Drug Discovery Program, frustrates the essential business purpose of the transaction contemplated herein. D. By PerSeptive if: (i) any of the conditions set forth in Article VII hereof has not been satisfied on or before June 15, 1996 or shall have become incapable of fulfillment and shall not have been waived by PerSeptive for any reason other than a breach by PerSeptive hereunder; (ii) If in PerSeptive's good faith judgment there is any material inaccuracy in any representations or breach of any warranty contained herein, or any material failure by ChemGenics to perform any commitment, covenant or condition contained in this Agreement, or there exists any error, misstatement or omission with regard to any of the Exhibits, Schedules or other documents referred to herein, or PerSeptive in its sole judgment believes that the contents of any of the Exhibits, Schedules, information or other documents, or the business and condition 40 48 (financial or otherwise) of ChemGenics, frustrates the essential business purpose of the transaction contemplated herein. Upon the occurrence of any of the events specified in this Section 9.01 (other than paragraph A hereof), written notice of such event shall forthwith be given to the other party to this Agreement, whereupon this Agreement shall terminate. SECTION 9.02 Effect of Termination. In the event of the termination and abandonment of this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.01, this Agreement, except for the provisions of Articles IX and X, shall forthwith become void and be of no effect, without any liability on the part of any party or its directors, officers or shareholders. Nothing in this Section 9.02 shall relieve any party to this Agreement of liability for breach of this Agreement. ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 10.01 Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be in writing, shall be addressed to the receiving party's address set forth below or to such other address as a party may designate by notice hereunder, and shall be either (i) delivered by hand, (ii) made by telex, telecopy or facsimile transmission, (iii) sent by recognized overnight courier, or (iv) sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid. If to ChemGenics: Myco Pharmaceuticals Inc. d/b/a ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals One Kendall Square, Building 300 Cambridge, MA 02139 Attn: Barry A. Berkowitz With a copy to: Jeffrey M. Wiesen, Esq. Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. One Financial Center Boston, MA 02111 41 49 If to PerSeptive: PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, MA 01701 Attn: Noubar B. Afeyan With a copy to: Rufus C. King, Esq. Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, LLP 125 High Street Boston, MA 02110 All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be deemed to have been delivered (i) if by hand, at the time of the delivery thereof to the receiving party at the address of such party set forth above, (ii) if made by telex, telecopy or facsimile transmission, at the time that receipt thereof has been acknowledged by electronic confirmation or otherwise, (iii) if sent by overnight courier, on the next business day following the day such notice is delivered to the courier service, or (iv) if sent by registered or certified mail, on the fifth business day following the day such mailing is made. SECTION 10.02 Entire Agreement. This Agreement together with the Exhibits and Schedules hereto and the other documents executed in connection herewith (together, the "Documents") embodies the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior oral or written agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof except for the Confidentiality Agreement, which shall remain in effect in accordance with its terms. No statement, representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of any kind not expressly set forth in the Documents shall affect, or be used to interpret, change or restrict, the express terms and provisions of this Agreement. SECTION 10.03 Modifications and Amendments. The terms and provisions of this Agreement may be modified or amended only by written agreement executed by all parties hereto. SECTION 10.04 Waivers and Consents. No failure or delay by a party hereto in exercising any right, power or remedy under this Agreement, and no course of dealing between the parties hereto, shall operate as a waiver of any such right, power or remedy of the party. No single or partial exercise of any right, power or remedy under this Agreement by a party hereto, nor any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce any such right, power or remedy, shall preclude such party from any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy 42 50 hereunder. The election of any remedy by a party hereto shall not constitute a waiver of the right of such party to pursue other available remedies. No notice to or demand on a party not expressly required under this Agreement shall entitle the party receiving such notice or demand to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances or constitute a waiver of the rights of the party giving such notice or demand to any other or further action in any circumstances without such notice or demand. The terms and provisions of this Agreement may be waived, or consent for the departure therefrom granted, only by written document executed by the party entitled to the benefits of such terms or provisions. No such waiver or consent shall be deemed to be or shall constitute a waiver or consent with respect to any other terms or provisions of this Agreement, whether or not similar. Each such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which it was given, and shall not constitute a continuing waiver or consent. SECTION 10.05 Assignment. Neither this Agreement, nor any right hereunder, may be assigned by any of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other parties. SECTION 10.06 Parties in Interest. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto and their permitted assigns, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any other person any rights or remedies of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to create any rights or obligations except among the parties hereto, and no person or entity shall be regarded as a third-party beneficiary of this Agreement. SECTION 10.07 Governing Law. This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the internal laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. SECTION 10.08 Arbitration. (a) The Parties shall attempt to resolve any dispute or controversy arising under or relating to the interpretation or meaning of this Agreement by good faith negotiations. Any matter that cannot be resolved by such good faith negotiation shall be resolved by final and binding arbitration conducted by three (3) arbitrators in Boston, Massachusetts, in accordance with the then-current American Arbitration Association ("AAA") Commercial Arbitration Rules (the "AAA Rules") as modified by this Section 10.08 (b) The arbitrators shall be selected by mutual agreement of the parties or, failing such agreement, in accordance with the 43 51 aforesaid AAA Rules. At least one (1) of the arbitration panel shall be reasonably familiar with the biotechnology industry. The parties shall bear the costs of the arbitrators equally. No arbitrator may be affiliated in any way with either party. (c) The parties shall have the right of limited pre-hearing discovery, in accordance with the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, as then in effect, for a period not to exceed sixty (60) days. (d) As soon as the discovery is concluded, but in any event with thirty (30) days thereafter, the arbitrators shall hold a hearing in accordance with the AAA Rules. Thereafter, the arbitrators shall promptly render a written decision, together with a written opinion setting forth in reasonable detail the grounds for such a decision. (e) Judgment may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction to enforce the award entered by the arbitrator. (f) The duty of the parties to arbitrate any dispute hereunder shall survive expiration or termination of this Agreement for any reason. SECTION 10.09 Jurisdiction and Service of Process. Subject to the terms of Section 10.08, any legal action or proceeding with respect to this Agreement may be brought in the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or of the United States of America for the District of Massachusetts. By execution and delivery of this Agreement, each of the parties hereto accepts for itself and in respect of its property, generally and unconditionally, the jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts. The parties hereby irrevocably waive any objection or defense that they may now or hereafter have to the assertion of personal jurisdiction by any such court in any such action or to the laying of the venue of any such action in any such court, and hereby waive, to the extent not prohibited by law, and agree not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise, in any such proceeding, any claim that it is not subject to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts for such proceedings. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to the service of process of any of the aforementioned courts in any such action or proceeding by the mailing of copies thereof by registered mail, postage prepaid, to the party at its address set forth in Section 10.01 hereof and irrevocably waive any objection or defense that it may now or hereafter have to the sufficiency of any such service of process in any such action. Nothing in this Section 10.08 shall affect the rights of the parties to commence any such action in any other forum or to serve process in any such action in any other manner permitted by law. SECTION 10.10 Severability. In the event that any court of competent jurisdiction shall finally determine that any provision, 44 52 or any portion thereof, contained in this Agreement shall be void or unenforceable in any respect, then such provision shall be deemed limited to the extent that such court determines it enforceable, and as so limited shall remain in full force and effect. In the event that such court shall determine any such provision, or portion thereof, wholly unenforceable, the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect. SECTION 10.11 Interpretation. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that: (i) each party and its counsel reviewed and negotiated the terms and provisions of this Agreement (except with respect to the disclosure schedules regarding the Drug Discovery Program which are the sole responsibility of PerSeptive) and have contributed to its revision; (ii) the rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of this Agreement; and (iii) the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be construed fairly as to all parties hereto and not in favor of or against any party, regardless of which party was generally responsible for the preparation of this Agreement. SECTION 10.12 Headings and Captions. The headings and captions of the various subdivisions of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall in no way modify, or affect, or be considered in construing or interpreting the meaning or construction of any of the terms or provisions hereof. SECTION 10.13 Enforcement. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that the rights acquired by each party hereunder are unique and that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement to be performed by the other party were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. Accordingly, in addition to any other remedy to which the parties hereto are entitled at law or in equity, each party hereto shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement by the other party and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof in any federal or state court to which the parties have agreed hereunder to submit to jurisdiction. SECTION 10.14 Reliance. The parties hereto agree that, notwithstanding any right of any party to this Agreement to investigate the affairs of any other party to this Agreement, the party having such right to investigate shall have the right to rely fully upon the representations and warranties of the other party expressly contained in this Agreement and on the accuracy of any Schedule, Exhibit or other document attached hereto or referred to herein or delivered by such other party or pursuant to this Agreement. 45 53 SECTION 10.15 Survival, Etc. All of the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement shall survive the Closing and shall terminate as of the earliest of (i) the recision of this Agreement in accordance with Section 8.08, (ii) the effective date of the registration statement with respect to the Public Offering described in Section 8.07, and (iii) one year after the date hereof. No claim shall be made based upon such representations and warranties on or after such date. The sole remedy for breach of any of the representations and warranties shall be compensation for damages actually and reasonably incurred by the party harmed by the breach thereof. In no event shall either party be liable to the other for any consequential damages as a result of the breach of any representation or warranty set forth in this Agreement. SECTION 10.16 Expenses. Each of the parties hereto shall pay its own fees and expenses (including the fees of any attorneys, accountants, appraisers or others engaged by such party) in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated. SECTION 10.17 No Broker or Finder. Each of the parties hereto represents and warrants to the other that no broker, finder or other financial consultant has acted on its behalf in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby in such a way as to create any liability on the other. Each of the parties hereto agrees to indemnify and save the other harmless from any claim or demand for commission or other compensation by any broker, finder, financial consultant or similar agent claiming to have been employed by or on behalf of such party and to bear the cost of legal expenses incurred in defending against any such claim. SECTION 10.18 Publicity. No party shall issue any press release or otherwise make any public statement with respect to the execution of, or the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party, except as may be required by law. Prior to making any public disclosure required by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the disclosing party shall give the other parties a copy of the proposed disclosure and reasonable opportunity to comment on the same. SECTION 10.19 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, and by different parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. [REMAINDER OF PAGE BLANK; SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS] 46 54 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, ChemGenics and PerSeptive have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written. ATTEST: MYCO PHARMACEUTICALS INC., d/b/a CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS By: /s/ Barry A. Berkowitz - - ----------------------------- ------------------------------ Barry A. Berkowitz President ATTEST: PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. By: /s/ Noubar B. Afeyan - - ----------------------------- ------------------------------ Noubar B. Afeyan President 47 55 EXHIBITS TO MASTER AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 1.03(A)(ii) - LICENSE AGREEMENT (ATTACHED HERETO) EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(i) - CERTAIN TERMS OF CONSULTING AND INTERIM SERVICES AGREEMENT - - - PerSeptive shall make the employees listed on Schedule 2.12 (the "Employees") available to ChemGenics for the period between the signing of the Master Agreement and the Closing to perform such services as ChemGenics shall reasonably request. - - - On the Closing Date, ChemGenics shall offer employment to the Employees and shall reimburse PerSeptive for the salary, costs of benefits and reimbursement of expenses of the Employees during the period between the signing of the Master Agreement and the Closing. - - - In the event the transaction is unwound pursuant to Section 8.08 of the Master Agreement, ChemGenics will be responsible for severance pay calculated in accordance with ChemGenics customary severance policies (but not to exceed two weeks per year of service (including service with PerSeptive), with a minimum of three weeks and a maximum of ten weeks) ("Severance Pay") up to an amount equal to the value of the portion of the premises utilized by ChemGenics employees (other than the Employees) during the period between the date hereof and the date of unwinding of the transaction (the "Space Value") calculated by multiplying (i) a fraction of which (a) the numerator is the number of such ChemGenics personnel working full-time at the Facility and (b) the denominator is the total number of personnel in the drug discovery program (currently anticipated as 5/15) multiplied by (ii) the mutually agreed to value of such space, provided, PerSeptive will pay or reimburse ChemGenics for all Severance Pay and other related costs for one employee identified by ChemGenics, and all other Severance Pay and other severance related costs for the Employees in excess of the Space Value. - - - For a period of five years after the Closing, PerSeptive shall provide reasonable senior management consultation to ChemGenics. "Senior Management" shall include Noubar Afeyan and Fred Regnier, or such other person(s) as may be PerSeptive's CEO and Chief Technical Officer, respectively. - - - PerSeptive shall make Noubar Afeyan (or such other person as may be PerSeptive's CEO) available to serve as the Chairman of the Board of and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of ChemGenics. Two PerSeptive designees shall be members of the Scientific Advisory Board if ChemGenics so requests. 56 - - - For a period of three years following the Closing, Perseptive shall provide up to $500,000 of supplies, manufactured by PerSeptive or of which PerSeptive is a distributor, valued at fully burdened manufactured or actual acquired cost. - - - For a period of three years following the Closing, PerSeptive shall loan to ChemGenics reasonable amounts and kinds of equipment or instruments manufactured by PerSeptive or of which PerSeptive is a distributor and which are reasonably available to PerSeptive and reasonably necessary for ChemGenics to pursue effectively the Drug Discovery Program as outlined in its initial business plan approved by ChemGenics' Board of Directors or in the IPO prospectus. Such loans of equipment shall be for a period of two years from the date of the loan and shall be free of charge. After the termination of the loan period of each piece of equipment, the equipment may be returned to PerSeptive (with reasonable wear and tear) or purchased at the lesser of depreciated book value or fair market value. To the extent such equipment can be purchased or leased or compensation otherwise received therefor as a part of a contract or arrangement with a partner or other party and charged to the contract or arrangement, then such purchase would be at fair market value. ChemGenics will use reasonable efforts to include equipment purchase requirements or, if not feasible, lease or other compensation mechanisms in its third party contracts and other arrangements. - - - In the event equipment, supplies or personnel are not provided during the three-year period following the Closing, ChemGenics shall provide notice of such failure and if PerSeptive fails to cure such failure within a reasonable period of time, PerSeptive shall forfeit shares in accordance with the Schedule contained in Section 1.01B. - - - This Agreement will terminate if and when the License Agreement terminates. - - - Appropriate insurance provisions. EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(ii) - CERTAIN TERMS OF SUBLEASE - - - PerSeptive will Sublease an agreed upon portion of the space at the Facility to ChemGenics for a period to be negotiated, at no charge through the date of the IPO referred to in Section 8.08 and at the mutually agreed upon fully burdened cost thereof to PerSeptive thereafter. - - - Appropriate insurance provisions. EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(iii) - CERTAIN TERMS OF NON-COMPETITION AGREEMENT - - - As long as the License Agreement remains in effect, ChemGenics will not offer to sell, sell or distribute, except to Partners (as defined in the License Agreement) in connection with and pursuant to an agreement principally for drug discovery between 57 ChemGenics and the Partner, any instruments, equipment, machinery, apparatus, devices, media, reagents, compounds, resins, activators, linkers, particles, supports or other materials or substances (including without limitation oligomers, peptides and other molecules), tools or other products or systems comprising the foregoing for the purification, analysis, sequencing or synthesis of molecules (provided that the foregoing shall not be construed to override the prohibition in the License Agreement against utilizing the Licensed Technology (as defined therein) to offer to sell, sell or distribute Tools (as defined therein), even to Partners). - - - As long as the License Agreement remains in effect, PerSeptive will not engage in drug discovery or enter into a written research and/or development agreement or other collaborative arrangement with a third party for drug discovery whereby PerSeptive receives either (i) ownership rights or license rights in products of such research and/or development or collaborative arrangement, (ii) royalty payments based on sales of the products of such research and/or development or collaborative arrangement or (iii) cash or other compensation as fees or milestone payments based on the conduct or success of research efforts by PerSeptive, provided that the foregoing shall not be deemed to prevent PerSeptive from providing and performing and permitting others to perform pre- and post-sale services consistent with PerSeptive's current practice, related to products developed, made, manufactured, offered for sale, sold or distributed by PerSeptive. - - - PerSeptive will maintain in confidence all confidential information particular to or principally relating to the particular drug discovery projects in the Drug Discovery Program which have been transferred to ChemGenics. - - - The parties will agree not to solicit the other's employees. - - - Provisions to allow ChemGenics to have access for drug discovery to technology created by off balance sheet financing vehicle, including PerSeptive's agreement to use reasonable efforts to negotiate to permit ChemGenics to have rights in drug discovery as part of such financings. - - - This Agreement will terminate if and when the License Agreement terminates. EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(iv) - CERTAIN TERMS OF STANDSTILL AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT - - - PerSeptive will not purchase any ChemGenics Common Stock or any ChemGenics derivative securities for a period of ten years following the Closing (except pursuant to the warrant or Section 5.06 of the Master Agreement). - - - PerSeptive will not sell any ChemGenics Common Stock or any ChemGenics derivative securities for a period of three years following the Closing and thereafter as set forth in Section 8.04, provided that (i) PerSeptive may transfer shares to a wholly 58 owned subsidiary subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Standstill Agreement provided that PerSeptive maintains 100% ownership and voting control of such subsidiary and (ii) following the closing of ChemGenics first public offering of common stock pursuant to a registration statement declared effective by the SEC during the three year period following the Closing. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, in the written opinion of PerSeptive's independent public accountants PerSeptive must consolidate or include ChemGenics profits and losses in its profit and loss statements unless PerSeptive reduces its ownership to 20% or less of ChemGenics' Common Stock, and the aggregate amount of losses to be consolidated may reasonably exceed $[100,000] in order to avoid such consolidation or inclusion, PerSeptive shall be permitted to dispose of such minimum number of shares as is required to reduce PerSeptive's ownership to the maximum percentage ownership, currently 19.99%, or such lesser amount as may be required in the opinion of such accountants, which would avoid such consolidation or inclusion, and (iii) PerSeptive may sell its shares pursuant to a tender offer for all outstanding shares of ChemGenics Common Stock approved by ChemGenics' Board of Directors. - - - For a period of ten years after the Closing, Perseptive will not directly or indirectly solicit proxies or become a participant in an election contest; initiate or propose a stockholder proposal; seek to place any representative on the Board of Directors (except pursuant to the PBIO Voting Agreement); deposit securities in a voting trust; seek to control, alone or with others, the management, Board of Directors, policies or affairs of ChemGenics or seek to effect negotiations with respect to any business combination or other extraordinary transaction involving ChemGenics except to the extent of actions by its representatives on the ChemGenics Board of Directors acting in their capacity as such; create or join in any "group" with respect to ChemGenics; or make any tender offer or exchange offer for ChemGenics' securities. - - - As long as PerSeptive (alone or with its affiliates) owns at least 20% of the capital stock of ChemGenics, PerSeptive will vote its shares of ChemGenics on all matters in accordance with the recommendation of ChemGenics' Board of Directors, or in the absence of such a recommendation, in the same proportion as the other outstanding shares of ChemGenics are voted. If PerSeptive (alone or with its affiliates) holds less than 20% and more than 10% of ChemGenics' voting stock, PerSeptive will vote in favor of (and take no actions in opposition to) any merger, sale of assets, consolidation or the like involving ChemGenics and recommended by ChemGenics' Board of Directors, and shall sell its shares, vote in favor of and not oppose any proposed merger or sale of all or substantially all of the outstanding shares of ChemGenics if recommended by ChemGenics' Board of Directors. If PerSeptive (alone or with its affiliates) holds less 10% of ChemGenics' voting stock, PerSeptive will have no voting restrictions. - - - Except as explicitly contemplated by the Voting Agreement, PerSeptive will not attempt to elect any person to or affect the size or composition of ChemGenics' Board of Directors. 59 - - - PerSeptive will receive piggyback registration rights subordinate to the current outstanding piggyback registration rights granted by ChemGenics, and registration rights for up to four Form S-3 registrations, each registration to cover of up to the lesser of (i) 25% and (ii) the amount permitted to be sold under the Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement, of the ChemGenics shares currently held (including Warrant Shares) by PerSeptive (and not less than $1,000,000 in market value of shares), such registrations to be required not sooner than three years after the Closing, not more than once in any year, to be effective for up to a ninety day period and to permit delays in filings and "blackouts" related to premature disclosure and interruptions in ChemGenics' business, and to terminate when PerSeptive's shares are permitted to be sold pursuant to Rule 144(k). - - - The registration rights contained in the agreement will include customary cross-indemnification and lockup provisions. Registration rights shall not be transferable. - - - ChemGenics will pay the reasonable cost of preparing and filing the registration statements, and PerSeptive will pay its own costs in connection with such registration statements. EXHIBIT 1.03(C)(v) - CERTAIN TERMS OF VOTING AGREEMENT - - - The number of persons constituting the entire Board of Directors of ChemGenics will be fixed at not less than 6 nor more than 9. - - - As long as PerSeptive owns at least 20% of the capital stock of ChemGenics, ChemGenics will nominate two persons designated by PerSeptive and reasonably acceptable to ChemGenics to serve on the Board of Directors of ChemGenics. As long as Ed Kania remains on ChemGenics' Board of Directors, he shall be one of such persons. As long as Noubar Afeyan remains an officer or director of PerSeptive he shall be the other such person. - - - As long as PerSeptive owns at least 20% of the capital stock of ChemGenics, if the number of persons comprising ChemGenics' Board of Directors is increased to eight persons or more, ChemGenics shall cause a third person designated by PerSeptive and reasonably acceptable to ChemGenics to be nominated to serve on ChemGenics' Board. - - - As long as PerSeptive owns less than 20% but at least 10% of the capital stock of ChemGenics, ChemGenics will nominate one person acceptable to PerSeptive to serve on the Board of Directors of ChemGenics. - - - If the ChemGenics Board of Directors is classified, PerSeptive's representatives shall be divided among the classes. 60 - - - As long as PerSeptive has the right to designate nominees to ChemGenics' Board of Directors, at least one PerSeptive representative will serve on the Executive Committee (if any). - - - ChemGenics will not limit indemnification available to members of its Board of Directors and following the registration of its securities under the 1934 Act will use reasonable efforts to obtain Directors and Officers Liability Insurance if commercially available at reasonable cost. EXHIBITS 6.06 AND 7.06 - FORMS OF LEGAL OPINIONS Customary opinions in form and substance to be agreed. EX-10.45 7 AMENDMENT TO MASTER AGREEMENT 1 Exhibit 10.45 ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. One Kendall Square Building 300 Cambridge, MA 02139 November 22, 1996 PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, MA 01701 Gentlemen: Reference is made to the Master Agreement dated May 7, 1996 and to the Warrant (the "Warrant") for the purchase for 4,896,335 shares of Common Stock of ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. ("ChemGenics") issued to PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. ("PerSeptive") on June 28, 1996. ChemGenics has described to PerSeptive a proposed transaction between ChemGenics and American Home Products Corporation, represented by its Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories Division ("Wyeth-Ayerst") in which ChemGenics and Wyeth-Ayerst will enter into a Collaborative Research and License Agreement, Stock Purchase Agreement and Standstill Agreement (collectively, the "Wyeth-Ayerst Transaction"). For good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, PerSeptive and ChemGenics have agreed as follows: 1. Contingent upon the closing of the Wyeth-Ayerst Transaction, ChemGenics and PerSeptive agree to modify and amend Section 8.07 of the Master Agreement to terminate PerSeptive's rights under the second sentence thereof with the effect that PerSeptive shall not, after the closing of the Wyeth-Ayerst Transaction, have the right to rescind the Master 2 Agreement and the other agreements, documents and instruments entered into in connection therewith or to unwind the collaboration established by such agreements and other documents. 2. PerSeptive agrees that, notwithstanding the terms of the Warrant, or any other document or agreement entered into in connection therewith, PerSeptive will at no time exercise the Warrant in a manner which would cause the shares of Common Stock owned by PerSeptive to be more than 49.9% of all outstanding equity securities of ChemGenics (treating any convertible securities issued by ChemGenics as having been converted). ChemGenics agrees that, in the event the foregoing restriction prevents PerSeptive from exercising any or all of the Warrant at the time of its expiration on June 28, 2000, the expiration date of the portion of the Warrant which cannot be exercised shall be extended for a six-month period through December 28, 2000; and if such restriction prevents the exercise of all or part of the Warrant at that extended date, the execution date of the portion which cannot be exercised shall be continued for an additional six months, which opportunity to extend the exercise date of the Warrant shall continue in increments of six months until such time as the foregoing restriction no longer prevents the full exercise of the Warrant. - 2 - 3 If the foregoing accurately sets forth our understanding, please so signify by signing and returning a duplicate copy of this letter, whereupon it will take effect as an amendment to both the Master Agreement and the Warrant in accordance with the terms thereof. Very truly yours, CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: /s/ Barry A. Berkowitz ----------------------- Chief Executive Officer ACCEPTED AND AGREED: PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. By: /s/ Noubar B. Afeyan ----------------------- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer - 3 - EX-10.46 8 OMNIBUS AMENDMENT AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.46 OMNIBUS AMENDMENT AGREEMENT This Omnibus Amendment Agreement (the "Amendment") is entered into this 18th day of December, 1996, by and between ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. (formerly known as Myco Pharmaceuticals Inc.), a Delaware corporation ("ChemGenics") and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("PerSeptive" or "PBIO"). WHEREAS, ChemGenics and PerSeptive are parties to a Master Agreement dated May 7, 1996 (the "Master Agreement"); WHEREAS, at the Closing under the Master Agreement, the parties executed and delivered among other documents the various documents listed in Section 1.03 of the Master Agreement (the "Ancillary Agreements"), including without limitation the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement, the Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement and the Warrant (as such terms are defined in the Master Agreement) and stock certificates for the Shares (as defined in the Master Agreement); and WHEREAS, ChemGenics and PerSeptive have agreed upon modifications to the terms of the transaction reflected in the Master Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements, and wish to set forth such modifications herein, to be effective retroactively to the Closing Date (as defined in the Master Agreement), as if initially set forth in the Master Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements. NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained in the Master Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements and this Amendment, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows: 1. Definitions. ----------- 1.1 Terms which are defined in the Master Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements are used herein as so defined. 2. Amendments to the Master Agreement. ---------------------------------- The Master Agreement is hereby amended as follows: 2 2.01 The first seven lines of Section 1.01.B are deleted from the Master Agreement, and the following is inserted in lieu thereof: "In consideration for the License Agreement and the transfer of the Transferred Assets, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, on the Closing Date, ChemGenics shall issue to PerSeptive an aggregate of 6,792,679 shares (the "Shares") of ChemGenics' Common Stock, $.001 par value per share (the "Common Stock") and shall deliver to PerSeptive a Promissory Note in the principal amount of $3,000,000, such Note to be in the form of Exhibit 1.03(B). Of such shares, 662,500" Section 1.01(B) is further amended by deleting the numbers "979,268, 652,844 and 326,422" from the chart on page 3, and inserting, in lieu thereof, the numbers "662,500, 441,667 and 220,833". 2.02 Section 8.04 is amended by deleting clause (ii) thereof, and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "(ii) PerSeptive will agree to restrictions on its sale or transfer of Capital Stock of ChemGenics," 2.03 Section 8.06 is amended by deleting the text thereof in its entirety, and replacing it with the following: "ChemGenics will use commercially reasonable efforts to accomplish an underwritten registered initial public offering of its Common Stock (a "Public Offering"), in which ChemGenics will seek to raise at least $15,000,000 in gross proceeds on or before June 30, 1997. If a Public Offering is not consummated by June 30, 1997, then PerSeptive will deliver to ChemGenics a certificate for 2,000,000 of the Shares delivered to PerSeptive hereunder, leaving PerSeptive with an aggregate of - 2 - 3 4,792,679 Shares, and ChemGenics will deliver to PerSeptive a Promissory Note in the principal amount of $2,000,000 in the form of Exhibit 8.06. PerSeptive shall at its own cost, assist and cooperate with ChemGenics as ChemGenics may reasonably request in effecting the Public Offering in a timely manner." 2.04 Section 8.07 is deleted from the Master Agreement. 2.05 It is understood and agreed that the terms of Exhibits 1.03(C)(i), 1.03(C)(ii), 1.03(C)(iii), 1.03(C)(iv) and Exhibit 1.03(C)(v) are superseded in their entirety by the agreements executed at the Closing as amended by this Agreement. 2.06 The last sentence of Section 8.03 and clause (i) of Section 10.15 of the Master Agreement are hereby deleted from the Master Agreement. 3. AMENDMENT OF CONSULTING AND INTERIM SERVICES AGREEMENT. The Consulting and Interim Services Agreement is hereby amended as follows: 3.01 Section 3 is amended by adding the following sentence immediately after the first sentence thereof: "The Supplies will be provided free of charge until the later of (i) March 31, 1997 or (ii) the closing of the first Public Offering (as defined in the Master Agreement), and thereafter will be supplied for the balance of the three-year period at a price equal to (a) fully-burdened manufacturing cost for Supplies manufactured by PBIO, and (b) and the actual cost of acquisition for Supplies distributed by PBIO." 3.02 Section 4.A is amended by deleting the words "During the three year period commencing on the date hereof, PBIO shall loan to ChemGenics" at the beginning thereof, and replacing them with the words: - 3 - 4 "Until the earlier of (i) June 30, 1997 or (ii) the closing of the first Public Offering (as defined in the Master Agreement), PBIO shall loan to ChemGenics, and thereafter through June 27, 1999, shall sell to ChemGenics at fully-burdened manufacturing cost for Equipment manufactured by PBIO and the actual cost of acquisition for Equipment distributed by PBIO" Section 4.A is further amended by adding the phrase "or sold as provided above" following the word "loaned" in the twelfth line on page 4. 3.03 Section 5 is amended by deleting the numbers "979,268, 652,844 and 326,422" from the chart on page 7, and inserting, in lieu thereof, the numbers "662,500, 441,667 and 220,833". 3.04 Section 9 is amended by deleting the third sentence thereof and inserting the following: "PBIO will on demand pay or reimburse ChemGenics for the payment of all Severance Pay and other severance related costs in excess of the Space Value for Drug Discovery Program Employees terminated on or before the earlier of the closing of the Public Offering or March 31, 1997." and by adding the following to the last sentence of the first paragraph thereof: ", provided the employment of such employee is terminated on or before the earlier of the closing of the Public Offering or March 31, 1997." 4. AMENDMENT OF STANDSTILL AND REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT. The Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement is hereby amended as follows: 4.01 The number 9,792,679 in the first "whereas" clause is replaced with the number 6,792,679. - 4 - 5 4.02 Section 2.02 is amended by deleting the first paragraph thereof, but not subparagraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d), and replacing it with the following: "A. PBIO agrees that until the Initial Release Date (which shall be the earlier of (i) twelve months following the Closing of the Company's first Public Offering ("IPO") or (ii) December 30, 1998), it will not, nor will it permit any of its affiliates or associates, to (x) distribute to its shareholders, or (y) sell, solicit an offer to sell, agree to sell, offer or propose to sell (collectively, "Sell") any Voting Securities of the Company or derivative securities relating thereto ("Company Securities"). After such period: (1) (a) during the period from the Initial Release Date until six (6) months thereafter, PBIO may distribute to the shareholders of PBIO (i) up to one-third of the number of shares of ChemGenics Common Stock held by PBIO as of the earlier of the closing of the IPO or December 30, 1998, excluding for this purpose any shares of ChemGenics Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Warrant (the "Non-Warrant Shares") and/or (ii) up to one-third of the number of shares of Common Stock issuable to PBIO upon exercise of the Warrant ("Warrant Shares"), but only to the extent PBIO has exercised the Warrant and acquired Warrant Shares ("Exercised Warrant Shares"), (b) in the next two succeeding six-month periods thereafter, PBIO may distribute to its shareholders (i) up to one-third of the Non-Warrant Shares and/or (ii) up to one-third of the Exercised Warrant Shares and/or (iii) the Non-Warrant Shares and the Exercised Warrant Shares permitted to be - 5 - 6 but not distributed by PBIO in the prior six-month period and (c) thereafter, subject to the following clause 3 of this paragraph, Section 3.09 and applicable securities laws, PBIO shall be permitted to distribute any or all of its Non-Warrant Shares and Exercised Warrant Shares to its shareholders; (2) (a) during the six-month period beginning on the earlier of (i) 18 months from the closing of the Company's IPO or (ii) December 30, 1998, PBIO may Sell up to one-third of PBIO's Non-Warrant Shares and/or up to one-third of PBIO's Exercised Warrant Shares and (b) in the next two succeeding six-month periods thereafter, PBIO may Sell an additional one-third of PBIO's Non-Warrant Shares and/or up to one-third of PBIO's Exercised Warrant Shares and/or PBIO's Non-Warrant Shares and Exercised Warrant Shares permitted to be but not sold by PBIO in the prior six-month period and (c) thereafter, subject to the following clause 3 of this paragraph, Section 3.09 and applicable securities laws, PBIO shall be permitted to Sell any or all of its Non-Warrant Shares and Exercised Warrant Shares; and (3) In addition to the restrictions and limitations set forth in the preceding clauses, in any six (6) month period ending on (i) twenty four (24) months after the closing of the IPO, if the IPO closes on or before June 30, 1997 or (ii) until the later of twelve months after the closing of the IPO or June 30, 1999 if the IPO closes after June 30, 1997, PBIO shall not distribute or Sell more than a total of one-third of the Non-Warrant Shares and one-third of the Exercised Warrant - 6 - 7 Shares. As used herein, "Public Offering" shall mean an underwritten public offering of ChemGenics Common Stock registered with the SEC. Notwithstanding the foregoing:" 4.03 Section 3.01 is amended by deleting the words commencing immediately following the words "PROVIDED, HOWEVER," where appearing in the first sentence thereof and ending with the word "Shares" at the beginning of the fifth line on page 6 and inserting the following words: "that the Company shall not be required to include in any such registration statement any Registrable Shares which PBIO is not permitted to Sell pursuant to the initial paragraph of Section 2.02 and provided further that as a condition to including any shares issued or issuable upon exercise of the Warrant ("Warrant Shares") 4.04 Sections 3.01 and 3.02 are amended by deleting the words "at any time after the third anniversary of this Agreement" from the first sentence thereof and replacing them with the words "at any time when PBIO is permitted to Sell Company Securities pursuant to the initial paragraph of Section 2.02,". 4.05 Section 3.09 is amended by inserting after the words "held by it" where appearing in the first sentence thereof, the following words: "for such period of time, and on such other terms, as shall be agreed to among the Company, the underwriters and a majority of the venture capital partnerships that hold Company Securities as of the IPO, nor will PBIO permit any of its affiliates to do any of the foregoing" and deleting the remainder of the first sentence. Section 3.09 is further amended by deleting the words "180-day" where appearing in the last sentence thereof and inserting the words "agreed-upon." - 7 - 8 5. Exchange of Warrants. -------------------- 5.01 Contemporaneously with the execution hereof, PerSeptive will deliver to ChemGenics the Warrant as delivered at the Closing, and ChemGenics shall deliver to PerSeptive a new Warrant in the form attached hereto. The new Warrant shall, for all purposes, be deemed to be the "Warrant" under the Master Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements. 6. EXCHANGE OF STOCK CERTIFICATES. Contemporaneously with the execution hereof, PerSeptive shall deliver to ChemGenics certificates numbered C0028-31 for 8,813,411, 326,423, 326,423 and 326,422 shares of Common Stock of ChemGenics and ChemGenics shall deliver to PerSeptive certificates for 4,130,179, 2,000,000, 220,833, 220,833 and 220,834 shares of Common Stock of ChemGenics. 7. NO OTHER CHANGES. In all other respects, the Master Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements shall not be affected hereby, and shall remain in force and effect as initially executed and delivered. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, ChemGenics and PerSeptive have executed this Amendment as of the day and year first above written. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: /s/ Barry Berkowitz ------------------------------------ Barry Berkowitz President PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. By: /s/ Noubar B. Afeyan ------------------------------------ Noubar B. Afeyan President - 8 - EX-10.47 9 CONSULTING AND INTERIM SERVICES AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.47 CONSULTING AND INTERIM SERVICES AGREEMENT This CONSULTING AND INTERIM SERVICES AGREEMENT (this "Agreement"), is dated this 28th day of June, 1996, by and between ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Delaware corporation ("ChemGenics"), and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("PBIO"). WITNESSETH WHEREAS, ChemGenics and PBIO have entered into a Master Agreement dated as of May 7, 1996 (the "Master Agreement"), pursuant to which ChemGenics has acquired from PBIO and its affiliates assets, projects and activities relating to drug discovery activities and efforts (the "Drug Discovery Program"); WHEREAS, in connection with the execution of the Master Agreement, PBIO has provided certain consulting services through its employees who have worked in the Drug Discovery Program and ChemGenics has agreed to compensate PBIO for such services; WHEREAS, in connection with the pursuit of drug discovery, ChemGenics has requested and PBIO is willing to provide on the terms set forth herein, certain equipment, supplies and other assets following the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Master Agreement; and WHEREAS, PBIO has agreed to provide certain consulting services to ChemGenics as set forth in this Agreement. NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual promises set forth herein and in the Master Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows: 1. Interim Period Compensation. Upon execution of this Agreement, ChemGenics shall pay PBIO the sum of One Hundred Thirteen Thousand Seven Hundred Ninety Dollars ($113,790) which amount is equal to the amount paid by PBIO for salary and benefits for the individuals listed on Exhibit A hereto (the "Drug Discovery Program Employees") from and including May 8, 1996 through the date hereof. PBIO shall invoice ChemGenics separately for, and ChemGenics shall promptly reimburse PBIO for, expenses reimbursed to the Drug Discovery Program Employees for out-of-pocket expenses incurred during such period in accordance with PBIO's normal business practices. 2 2. PBIO Services to be Provided. During the five year period commencing on the date hereof PBIO shall provide reasonable strategic technical consultation to ChemGenics as ChemGenics may reasonably request from time to time, such consultation to include principally the services of Noubar Afeyan and Fred Regnier, or such other person(s) as may be PBIO's Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Technical Officer, respectively during such period, and other senior PBIO technical staff members as PBIO may deem appropriate. The scope of such consultation shall be providing strategic technical advice relevant to the implementation and utilization of (i) technology licensed to ChemGenics pursuant to the License Agreement (as defined in the Master Agreement), (ii) prototype systems, instruments and other equipment to which ChemGenics has access pursuant to the License Agreement and (iii) equipment provided to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement. It is understood and agreed that such consultation (a) shall be provided at times and under circumstances reasonably convenient to the provider, giving due regard to the provider's other priorities, and (b) shall not require Dr. Afeyan, Dr. Regnier or any other person to interfere with or compromise their primary responsibilities as officers or employees of PBIO. In addition, during such five year period, PBIO shall make (a) Noubar Afeyan (or such other person as may be PBIO's CEO) available to serve as the Chairman of the Board of and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of ChemGenics, and (b) Fred Regnier or another Senior PBIO employee reasonably acceptable to ChemGenics available to serve as a member of ChemGenics Scientific Advisory Board if ChemGenics so requests. 3. Supplies To Be Provided BY PBIO. During the three year period commencing on the date hereof, from time to time at ChemGenics' reasonable request made in advance in accordance with PBIO's customary ordering requirements and practices, or in accordance with such other procedure as may be agreed upon by the parties, PBIO shall provide ChemGenics with supplies in quantities and with specifications reasonably designated by ChemGenics and which are either manufactured by PBIO or of which PBIO is a distributor ("Supplies"), provided that PBIO shall not be obligated to provide more than $500,000 of such Supplies valued at fully burdened manufactured cost for Supplies manufactured by PBIO and the actual cost of acquisition for Supplies distributed by PBIO. ChemGenics agrees that it will provide PBIO with as much advance notice of its requirements for such Supplies as is reasonably practicable. PBIO agrees that it will utilize its reasonable best efforts to meet ChemGenics requirements for Supplies and delivery times, and to provide ChemGenics with written notice of its inability to meet such delivery dates and the date on which delivery is projected to be actually made. PBIO further agrees that it will treat ChemGenics with respect to such Supplies on a - 2 - 3 reasonable parity with PBIO's other customers, provided that ChemGenics gives PBIO commercially reasonable advance notice to permit PBIO to accommodate its customer's requirements and ChemGenics' requests. PBIO will provide ChemGenics with written reports not less than semi-annually if requested by ChemGenics detailing the Supplies provided and the cost thereof. The term "fully burdened manufactured cost" shall mean the direct manufactured cost of an item as shown on PBIO's books and records plus a fair allocation of all absorbed and unabsorbed overhead manufacturing costs whether included or excluded from the overhead pool for inventory valuation purposes, in each case as certified in writing on an annual basis by PBIO's Chief Financial Officer to fairly represent the fully burdened manufacturing costs. ChemGenics shall have the right on an annual basis to inspect, review and/or audit PBIO's books and records, including work papers, utilized to determine fully burdened manufactured costs. In the event any such inspection, review or audit results in a determination that PBIO has overcharged ChemGenics by more than 10%, PBIO shall reimburse ChemGenics' costs of such inspection, review or audit. 4. Equipment To Be Provided By PBIO. A. During the three year period commencing on the date hereof, PBIO shall loan to ChemGenics reasonable amounts and kinds of equipment and instruments ("Equipment") manufactured by PBIO or of which PBIO is a distributor and which are reasonably available to PBIO and reasonably necessary for ChemGenics to pursue effectively the Drug Discovery Program as outlined in its initial business plan (the "Business Plan") approved by ChemGenics' Board of Directors or in a prospectus contained in a registration statement filed by ChemGenics with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to ChemGenics' initial public offering of securities. ChemGenics agrees that it will provide PBIO with as much advance notice of its requirements for such Equipment as is reasonably practicable. PBIO agrees that it will utilize its reasonable best efforts to meet ChemGenics requirements for Equipment and delivery times, and to provide ChemGenics with written notice of its inability to meet such delivery dates and the date on which delivery is projected to be actually be made. PBIO further agrees that it will treat ChemGenics with respect to such Equipment on a reasonable parity with PBIO's other customers, provided that ChemGenics gives PBIO commercially reasonable advance notice to permit PBIO to accommodate its customer's requirements and ChemGenics' requests. Each such Equipment loan shall be for a period of two years from the date the Equipment is delivered to ChemGenics, and shall be free of rent or other fees, provided that notwithstanding the foregoing, no period of loan of any Equipment shall extend beyond the date which is four years from the date hereof, no matter when the period of the loan begins. After the termination of the loan period of each piece of Equipment, the Equipment shall be returned - 3 - 4 to PBIO in the same condition as received (subject only to reasonable wear and tear and casualty loss) or purchased by ChemGenics at the lesser of depreciated book value (based on actual cost and depreciation or amortization schedules utilized by PBIO in the ordinary course of its business) or fair market value (as agreed by the parties or in the absence of such agreement by an appraiser selected by the parties, the cost of which shall be shared equally by the parties). To the extent such Equipment can be purchased or leased or compensation otherwise received therefor by ChemGenics as a part of a contract or arrangement with a partner or other party and charged to the contract or arrangement, then such Equipment shall not be loaned to ChemGenics by PBIO but shall be purchased by ChemGenics if reasonable under the circumstances and the terms of its arrangement with the third party. The payment amount shall be the greater of (i) if ChemGenics sells the Equipment to the customer, the amount paid by the customer and (ii) the price PBIO in its reasonable discretion would charge a favored customer therefor. In case of a dispute the price will be the average price of the lowest 3 of the last 10 sales (or such fewer number as sold in the prior year) of comparable items of Equipment sold to PBIO's retail customers, excluding distributors. ChemGenics will use reasonable efforts to include Equipment purchase requirements or, if not feasible, lease or other compensation mechanisms in its third party contracts and other arrangements. ChemGenics will insure such Equipment with replacement cost insurance pursuant to an insurance policy reasonably satisfactory to PBIO, and shall include PBIO as an additional insured, will provide customary maintenance and repair, and, if destroyed shall pay PBIO the replacement cost thereof. PBIO shall not be required to loan to ChemGenics any Equipment that is the same, substantially similar or functionally equivalent to Equipment which had been the subject of a loan during the six month period prior to the date of any loan request, unless such Equipment was destroyed by casualty, ChemGenics is still utilizing such Equipment and can reasonably utilize the additional Equipment in accordance with the Business Plan or elects to purchase from PBIO the Equipment which was subject to such prior loan. ChemGenics will provide PBIO with written reports not less than semi-annually if requested by PBIO detailing the location, use and status of each piece of Equipment loaned to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement, and containing such other information as PBIO may reasonably request. In the event that ChemGenics receives from third parties rental, fees or other direct payments for the rental or use of Equipment, ChemGenics shall remit to PBIO 90% of the amount received by ChemGenics which is directly related to the use of the Equipment (including rent) within 30 days from the date of receipt - 4 - 5 by ChemGenics (but without duplication of amounts referred to above), and such amount shall be credited toward any amount payable for the purchase of such Equipment, if ChemGenics elects to purchase rather than return same. In the event ChemGenics elects to return rather than purchase any such Equipment, PBIO shall retain any amounts paid or payable to it by ChemGenics with respect to such Equipment. Without PBIO's express written consent, no Equipment loaned to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement shall be furnished to any Partner or any other third party, or otherwise removed from ChemGenics' facility, unless it has been purchased or leased from ChemGenics for fair consideration as described above, provided that nothing contained herein shall prevent ChemGenics from utilizing such Equipment in the ordinary course of its business with any Partner. ChemGenics shall be responsible, and PBIO shall have no obligation, for the maintenance and repair of Equipment loaned or otherwise provided to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement, except for such maintenance and repair as PBIO agrees in writing to provide. PBIO shall afford ChemGenics the opportunity to enter into service and maintenance agreements relating to Equipment on terms and conditions which PBIO makes available to its customers generally. B. So long as ChemGenics occupies space on the third floor of the Framingham Facility pursuant to the Sublease, PBIO and ChemGenics agree to permit the other to use certain instruments as set forth on the last page of the Inventory List which constitutes a part of Schedule 1.01(b) of the Master Agreement. C. During such period as ChemGenics occupies at least 500 square feet of space used principally for laboratory purposes at PBIO's facility at 500 Old Connecticut Path, Framingham, Massachusetts, or any replacement facility in which a substantial part of PBIO's business is also located, in the event that ChemGenics or PBIO would benefit from and requests the use of an instrument or item of equipment which is owned or otherwise controlled by the other and as to which a like instrument is not otherwise available to the requesting party for the use intended, and such use would not violate any law, rule or regulation, or any agreement to which either ChemGenics or PBIO is bound, or, in the opinion of the party owning or controlling the use thereof, disclose any trade secret or other confidential information which such party does not wish disclosed, and such instrument or item of equipment is not required at the time requested for any reason in the sole discretion of the party owning or otherwise controlling the use of such instrument or equipment and can be made available for use on terms and conditions acceptable to the party owning or - 5 - 6 controlling the use of same in its sole discretion, the other party may use such instrument or item of equipment upon reasonable advance notice and at such times and on such terms and conditions as the party owning or controlling the use of such instrument or equipment may impose, but without the payment of a rental or other fee, and without liability of any kind or nature by the lending party for any damage of any kind or nature arising out of the use thereof. It is expressly understood and agreed that the party owning or otherwise controlling the use of any such instrument or equipment shall retain absolute priority as to its use and shall have sole discretion as to the terms and conditions of use. It is further expressly understood and agreed that the provisions set forth in this paragraph are in addition to and in no way modify PBIO's obligation to provide ChemGenics' use of equipment as set forth in Schedule 1.01(b) of the Master Agreement and Section 4.1.6 of the License Agreement. D. All consulting, supplies, instruments and other services and goods provided or supplied to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement shall be provided subject to all limitations and conditions pursuant to which such services or goods are provided to customers of PBIO. ChemGenics shall use any such services, supplies, instruments or other products solely at its own risk and without recourse to PBIO or the provider thereof, except (i) as to Claims of intellectual property infringement in connection with the use by ChemGenics of Equipment or Supplies, as otherwise set forth in Exhibit B hereto, subject to the limitations set forth therein, and (ii) as to Claims arising from PBIO's negligence, as to which PBIO shall be liable to the extent of its negligence. In any event, and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement or any other agreement to the contrary, PBIO's sole obligation, and ChemGenics' sole and exclusive remedy, with respect to any consulting or other services or supplies, instruments or other goods which do not meet any actual or implied warranty, representation or standard, or any warranty, representation or standard which may be agreed to by PBIO or which may be imposed by any statute or law, or as to which PBIO breached or is claimed to have breached any agreement, covenant or commitment of any kind, will be to perform such service or repair or replace, at its discretion, such supplied product, instrument or other good. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FORGOING, OR ANYTHING CONTAINED HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, IN NO EVENT SHALL PBIO BE LIABLE, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, IN TORT, WARRANTY, OR UNDER ANY STATUTE (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY TRADE PRACTICE, UNFAIR COMPETITION OR OTHER STATUTE OF SIMILAR IMPORT) OR ON ANY OTHER BASIS, FOR INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, MULTIPLE, INCIDENTAL, STATUTORY CONSEQUENTIAL OR SPECIAL DAMAGES SUSTAINED BY CHEMGENICS OR ANY OTHER PERSON, NO MATTER HOW ARISING WHETHER OR NOT FORESEEABLE AND WHETHER OR NOT PERSEPTIVE IS ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES - 6 - 7 ARISING FROM OR RELATED TO LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF DATA, FAILURE OR INTERRUPTION IN THE OPERATION OF ANY EQUIPMENT OR SOFTWARE, DELAY IN REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT, OR FOR LOSS OF REVENUE OR PROFITS, LOSS OF GOODWILL OR LOSS OF BUSINESS. Indemnification. To the fullest extent permitted by law, ChemGenics agrees to indemnify and hold PerSeptive harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, obligations, costs, expenses (including reasonable attorney's fees and expenses) and liabilities (collectively, "Claims") including, without limitation, those arising from violations of local, state, or federal food and drug, environmental, health and safety and other laws, codes and regulations, arising from or relating to ChemGenics use of Equipment, Supplies and other products hereunder, except to the extent of Claims resulting from the breach by PBIO of its obligations hereunder or PBIO's negligence, as to which PBIO shall indemnify and hold ChemGenics harmless from any such Claims. 5. Certain Consequences of Noncompliance. In the event PBIO does not provide the Equipment and Supplies required by Sections 3 and 4 of this Agreement, or the Consulting Services required by Section 2 of this Agreement, ChemGenics shall provide written notice of such failure to PBIO. If PBIO fails to cure such failure within thirty (30) days following receipt of the first such notice, twenty (20) days following receipt of the second such notice or ten (10) days following receipt of any further notice, or if such failure is not curable in such period PBIO fails to commence to cure same within such period and thereafter diligently continue to prosecute such cure and in any event fails to cure such failure within an additional twenty (20) days, ChemGenics shall have the option for a period of ninety (90) days following the termination of the grace period following such notice to purchase from PBIO and PBIO shall be obligated to sell to ChemGenics at an aggregate price of $1.00, all or any part of the number of the Earnout Shares (the "Shares") set forth below (the "Repurchase Option").
Date of Default* Number of Shares ---------------- ---------------- July 1, 1996 - June 30, 1997 979,268 July 1, 1997 - June 30, 1998 652,844 July 1, 1998 - June 30, 1999 326,422 Thereafter 0
*The applicable number of shares shall be determined by the period in which the date of default, set forth in the relevant default notice, occurs. In the event ChemGenics shall be entitled to and shall elect to exercise the Repurchase Option, it shall give PBIO written notice specifying the number of Shares which ChemGenics elects to - 7 - 8 purchase and specifying a date for closing hereunder, which date shall be not more than thirty (30) calendar days after the giving of such notice. The closing shall take place at ChemGenics' principal offices or such other location in the greater Boston, Massachusetts area as ChemGenics may reasonably designate in such notice. At the closing, PBIO shall deliver the Shares being purchased against the simultaneous delivery of the purchase price by ChemGenics. If PBIO notifies ChemGenics that it disagrees with ChemGenics assertion that there is a default, and notifies ChemGenics of the same within fifteen (15) calendar days after PBIO's receipt of notice thereof, the matter will be referred to and determined by arbitration pursuant to Section 10.8 of the Master Agreement. In the event that PBIO fails to deliver the Shares as required by this Agreement, ChemGenics may elect (a) to establish a segregated account to receive the payment of $1.00, such account to be turned over to PBIO upon delivery of the certificates representing such Shares, and (b) immediately to take such action as is appropriate to transfer record title of such Shares from PBIO to ChemGenics and to treat PBIO and such Shares in all respects as if delivery of the certificates representing such Shares had been made as required by this Agreement. PBIO hereby irrevocably grants ChemGenics a power of attorney for the purpose of effectuating the foregoing. If ChemGenics shall pay a stock dividend or declare a stock split on or with respect to any of its Common Stock, or otherwise distribute securities of ChemGenics to the holders of its Common Stock, the number of shares of stock or other securities of ChemGenics issued with respect to the Shares then subject to the Repurchase Option shall be added to the Shares then subject to the Repurchase Option without any change in the aggregate purchase price. If ChemGenics shall distribute to its stockholders shares of stock of another corporation, the shares of stock of such other corporation distributed with respect to the Shares then subject to the Repurchase Option shall be added to the Shares covered by the Repurchase Option without any change in the aggregate purchase price. If the outstanding shares of ChemGenics' Common Stock shall be subdivided into a greater number of shares or combined into a smaller number of shares, or in the event of a reclassification of the outstanding shares of Common Stock of ChemGenics, or if ChemGenics shall be a party to any capital reorganization, there shall be substituted for the Shares then covered by the Repurchase Option such amount and kind of securities as are issued in such subdivision, combination, reclassification, or capital reorganization in respect of the Shares subject to the Repurchase - 8 - 9 Option immediately prior thereto, without any change in the aggregate purchase price. 6. ChemGenics and PBIO also agree to the terms and conditions set forth on Exhibit A to this Agreement, relating to services to be provided by PBIO to ChemGenics during such time as ChemGenics occupies space on the third floor of Building A of PerSeptive's Framingham Facility. 7. Confidentiality. In connection with the Services to be provided hereunder, each party may have access to certain confidential information of the other. Such confidential information shall be maintained in confidence and access to and use of shall be restricted in accordance with the terms of the Non-Competition and Confidentiality Agreement of even date herewith. 8. Termination. This Agreement shall continue until June 30, 2001, provided, however, that this Agreement shall terminate immediately upon a rescission of the Master Agreement pursuant to Section 8.07 thereof. In the event of any such termination, ChemGenics shall promptly return to PBIO all Equipment in as good a condition as received, reasonable wear and tear excepted (other than any Equipment purchased by ChemGenics in accordance with Section 4) and unused Supplies. 9. Certain Termination Costs. On the date hereof, ChemGenics shall offer employment to each of the Drug Discovery Program Employees at a salary no less than their current salary with PBIO. In the event ChemGenics terminates the employment of any of the Drug Discovery Program Employees, ChemGenics will provide severance pay to such individuals, calculated in accordance with ChemGenics customary severance policies, such calculation (i) not to exceed two weeks per year of service, (ii) to include the service of such individual with PBIO as set forth in PBIO's books [for severance certification purposes only], and (iii) to be not less than three weeks or more than ten weeks for any individual ("Severance Pay"). PBIO will on demand pay or reimburse ChemGenics for the payment of all Severance Pay and other severance related costs for the Drug Discovery Program Employees in excess of the Space Value. PBIO shall remain responsible for and indemnify ChemGenics against all claims of any Drug Discovery Program Employee to the extent arising out of any act or omission of PBIO or violation of any law, rule or regulation by PBIO prior to their being employees of ChemGenics. Except as set forth above, ChemGenics shall be responsible for and shall indemnify PBIO against claims of any Drug Discovery Program Employee to the extent arising out of any act or omission or violation of any law, rule or regulation by ChemGenics on or after the date such employee became an employee of ChemGenics. PBIO will also on demand pay or reimburse ChemGenics for the payment of all Severance Pay and other - 9 - 10 out of pocket severance related costs for one Drug Discovery Program Employee identified by ChemGenics. Space Value shall mean 45% of the value of the portion of the premises on the third floor of Building A of PBIO's Framingham facility to be first occupied by ChemGenics pursuant to the Sublease (the "ChemGenics Space"), during the period between the date hereof and the date of termination of this Agreement in accordance with the proviso in Section 8 above, it being understood and agreed that 45% percent of the ChemGenics Space represents the portion of ChemGenics Space that was not used by the Drug Discovery Program prior to the date of execution of the Master Agreement. The value of the ChemGenics Space shall be $12.50 (Twelve Dollars and Fifty Cents) per square foot per year, or $0.03427 per square foot per day. The ChemGenics Space occupies 6,278 square feet. Accordingly, the Space Value shall be calculated by multiplying $0.03427 times 0.45 times 6,278 square feet times the number of days from and including May 7, 1996 to and including the date the transactions contemplated by the Master Agreement are rescinded and unwound, or such later date as ChemGenics' occupancy of the ChemGenics Space without the payment of Fixed Rent (as defined in the Sublease) terminates (the later of such dates being herein called the "ChemGenics Space Termination Date"). For example, if the duration of the period between May 7, 1996 and ChemGenics Space Termination Date was six months, the Space Value would be $17,415. 10. Miscellaneous. (a) Entire Agreement. This Agreement, including the Exhibit attached hereto, sets forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto and supersedes all prior oral or written agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. (b) Assignment. Except as set forth in paragraph 10(c) no right, benefit or interest hereunder shall be subject to assignment, transfer, anticipation, alienation, sale, encumbrance, charge, pledge, hypothecation or set-off in respect of any claim, debt or obligation or to execution, attachment, levy or similar process. (c) Successors and Assigns. The terms and provisions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, PBIO, ChemGenics, and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that ChemGenics and PBIO may not assign or otherwise transfer this Agreement or any rights and interests, nor delegate any obligations, hereunder, except to a direct or indirect 100% parent or direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary which becomes a party to the Non-Competition Agreement (as defined in the Master Agreement) and that agrees in writing to be bound by this Agreement - 10 - 11 (and in such case ChemGenics and PBIO shall remain bound) without the prior written consent of the other party to this Agreement, except pursuant to a merger or consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of the stock, assets or business of PBIO or ChemGenics and their respective subsidiaries taken as a whole as provided below, if the new owner or successor becomes a party to the Noncompetition Agreement, and except that without PBIO's consent ChemGenics rights under this Agreement may not be so assigned or otherwise transferred in a transaction that would give PBIO the right to terminate the License Agreement pursuant to Section 9.4 thereof. In the event that either PBIO or ChemGenics shall (i) consolidate or merge with another entity (other than an acquisition by such party of another entity where the stockholders of PBIO or ChemGenics (or any subsidiary of PBIO or ChemGenics), after such transaction directly or indirectly own at least a majority of the voting stock of the combined or acquired entity); or (ii) convey, sell or lease to another entity all or substantially all of its stock, assets or business and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; or (iii) if there shall be a change of control of either PBIO or ChemGenics, then (A) if such transaction is negotiated by PBIO or ChemGenics, such party shall give the other party written notice identifying the acquiring entity and the material terms of the transaction at least thirty (30) days prior to the closing thereof and (B) the parties shall negotiate in good faith to determine whether any changes shall be appropriate in this Agreement. Any attempt to assign or delegate any portion of this Agreement in violation of this Section 9(c) shall be null and void. Subject to the foregoing, any reference to PBIO and ChemGenics hereunder shall be deemed to include the permitted successors thereto and assigns thereof. (d) Amendment. This Agreement may not be amended, modified or canceled except by written agreement of the parties hereto. (e) Severability. In the event that any court of competent jurisdiction shall determine that any provision contained in this Agreement shall be unenforceable in any respect, then such provision shall be deemed limited to the extent that such court deems it enforceable, and as so limited shall remain in full force and effect. In the event that such court shall deem any provision wholly unenforceable, the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect. (f) Applicable Law. This Agreement has been made in and shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. - 11 - 12 (g) Survival. The provisions contained in Section 8 of this Agreement shall survive the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement. (h) Waivers and Consents. The terms and provisions of this Agreement may be waived, or consent for the departure therefrom granted, only by a written document executed by the party entitled to the benefits of such terms or provisions. Each such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which it was given, and shall not constitute a continuing waiver or consent. (i) Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be in writing, shall be addressed to the receiving party's address set forth below or to such other address as a party may designate by notice hereunder, and shall be either (i) delivered by hand, (ii) made by telex, telecopy or facsimile transmission, (iii) sent by overnight courier, or (iv) sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid: If to ChemGenics: ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. One Kendall Square Building 300 Cambridge, MA 02139 Attn: President If to PBIO: PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, MA 01701 Attn: President CC: General Counsel All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be deemed to have been given either (i) if by hand, at the time of the delivery thereof to the receiving party at the address of such party set forth above, (ii) if made by telex, telecopy or facsimile transmission, at the time that receipt thereof has been acknowledged by electronic confirmation or otherwise, (iii) if sent by overnight courier, on the next business day following the day such mailing is made, or (iv) if sent by certified mail, on the 5th business day following the day such mailing is made. (j) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. - 12 - 13 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned parties have duly executed and delivered this Agreement under seal as of the day and year first above written. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: /s/ Barry A. Berkowitz ------------------------------- Barry A. Berkowitz, President PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. By: /s/ Noubar B. Afeyan ------------------------------- Noubar B. Afeyan, President Consulting and Interim Services Agreement - 13 -
EX-10.48 10 CONFIDENTIALITY & NON COMPETITION AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.48 CONFIDENTIALITY AND NON-COMPETITION AGREEMENT THIS CONFIDENTIALITY AND NON-COMPETITION AGREEMENT (this "Agreement") is made and entered into as of the 28th day of June, 1996 by and between ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Delaware corporation ("ChemGenics"), and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("PBIO"). Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Master Agreement (as hereinafter defined). WHEREAS, ChemGenics and PBIO have entered into a Master Agreement dated as of May 7, 1996 (the "Master Agreement"), which provides for the sale, license or transfer by PBIO to ChemGenics of certain of PBIO's assets, projects and activities principally related to drug discovery activities and efforts (collectively, the "Drug Discovery Program"); WHEREAS, ChemGenics and PBIO have entered into a License Agreement of even date (the "License Agreement"), which provides for the license by PBIO to ChemGenics of certain PBIO technology for drug discovery purposes; WHEREAS, one of the conditions precedent to the consummation by the parties of the transactions contemplated by the Master Agreement is that the parties shall have entered into this Agreement. NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the preceding recitals, the covenants, conditions and agreements contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows: 1. PBIO Non-Competition Covenants. (a) PBIO hereby covenants and agrees that, as long as the License Agreement remains in effect, and except as otherwise provided in the License Agreement or in that certain Consulting and Interim Services Agreement of even date herewith between PBIO and ChemGenics (the "Consulting Agreement"), neither PBIO nor any of its affiliates (other than ChemGenics) shall: (i) engage in drug discovery or enter into any research and/or development agreement or other collaborative arrangement with a third party anywhere in the world for drug discovery whereby PBIO receives either (i) ownership rights or license rights in products of such research and/or development or collaborative arrangement, (ii) royalty payments based on sales of the products of such research and/or development or collaborative arrangement or (iii) cash or other compensation as fees or milestone payments based on the conduct or success of research efforts under such agreement or 2 arrangement, provided that the foregoing shall not be deemed to prevent PBIO from providing and performing, and permitting others to provide and perform, pre-sale and post-sale services consistent with PBIO's current practice related to products developed, made, manufactured, offered for sale, sold or distributed by PBIO; or (ii) for themselves or on behalf of or through any third party, directly or indirectly, solicit, entice or persuade or attempt to solicit, entice or persuade any employees of or consultants to ChemGenics or its affiliates to terminate his or her employment with, consultancy to, or otherwise cease his or her relationship with ChemGenics or its affiliates for any reason. (b) Reasonableness of Restrictions. PBIO recognizes and agrees that the specific but broad geographical scope of the foregoing provisions is reasonable, legitimate and fair in view of ChemGenics' present strategy and its future needs to market its products in a large geographic area in order to have a sufficient customer base to make ChemGenics' business profitable, and in view of the consideration received by PBIO pursuant to the Master Agreement. 2. ChemGenics Non-Competition Covenants. (a) ChemGenics hereby covenants and agrees that, as long as the License Agreement remains in effect, and except as otherwise provided in the License Agreement or Consulting Agreement, neither ChemGenics nor any of its affiliates (other than PBIO) shall: (i) offer to sell, sell or distribute anywhere in the world, except to Partners (as defined in the License Agreement) in connection with and pursuant to an agreement principally for drug discovery between ChemGenics and the Partner, any instruments, equipment, machinery, apparatus, devices, media, reagents, compounds, resins, activators, linkers, particles, supports or other materials or substances (including without limitation oligomers, peptides and other molecules), tools or other products or systems comprising the foregoing for the purification, analysis, sequencing or synthesis of molecules; provided that the foregoing shall not be construed to override the prohibition in Section 2.1.1 of the License Agreement against utilizing the Licensed Technology (as defined therein) to offer to sell, sell or distribute Tools (as defined therein), even to Partners; or (ii) for themselves or on behalf of or through any third party, directly or indirectly, solicit, entice or persuade or attempt to solicit, entice or persuade any employees of or consultants to PBIO or its affiliates to terminate his or her employment with, consultancy to, or otherwise cease his or her relationship with PBIO or its affiliates for any reason. - 2 - 3 (b) Reasonableness of Restrictions. ChemGenics recognizes and agrees that the specific but broad geographical scope of the foregoing provisions is reasonable, legitimate and fair in view of PBIO's present strategy and its future needs to market its products in a large geographic area in order to have a sufficient customer base to make PBIO's business profitable. 3. Protected Information. In addition to and without limiting the confidentiality obligations set forth in the Confidentiality Agreement or the License Agreement, PBIO shall at all times maintain in confidence and shall not, without the prior written consent of ChemGenics use, disclose or give to others any confidential information particular to or relating to the particular drug discovery projects of the Drug Discovery Program. PBIO and ChemGenics acknowledge that during the term of this Agreement each may have access to confidential and proprietary information of the other, including tangible manifestations of technology (including, without limitation, organisms (or parts thereof), cell lines, cultures, plasmids, clones, vectors, reagents and DNA and progeny, reproductions and derivatives of any of them), information, data, formulae, methods, processes, procedures, patents and ideas and the like ("Proprietary Information"), provided that Proprietary Information shall not include any item of tangible property, information, data, formula, method, process, procedures, patents or ideas which: (a) is within the public domain prior to the time of disclosure to the other or thereafter comes within the public domain, other than as a result of disclosure by the recipient or any of its representatives in violation of this Agreement; (b) was, on or before the date of disclosure to the recipient in the possession of the recipient as evidenced by written records of the recipient; or (c) is acquired by the Recipient from a third party not under an obligation of confidentiality to the disclosing party. The Parties shall use the Proprietary Information only as permitted by the License Agreement or in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Master Agreement. The Parties shall limit access to all Proprietary Information to their employees, consultants and subcontractors who shall reasonably require access to the Proprietary Information for the permitted use thereof. In the event that a party or anyone to whom it transmits the Proprietary Information pursuant to this Agreement becomes legally required to disclose any such Proprietary Information, such party shall provide the other with prompt notice so that it may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy and/or waive compliance with the provisions of this Agreement. In the event that such protective order or other remedy is not obtained, or that such - 3 - 4 party waives compliance with the provisions of this Agreement, the recipient shall furnish only that portion of the Proprietary Information which is legally required in the opinion of recipient's counsel. 4. ChemGenics' Access to Technology of PBIO-Related Entities. As long as the License Agreement remains in effect, PBIO shall use its reasonable efforts to negotiate provisions in any entity, partnership, joint venture or other off-balance-sheet financing vehicle in which PBIO owns or has the right to acquire more than a de-minimus interest or to which PBIO is a party, either directly or through any Affiliate (as defined in the License Agreement), to afford ChemGenics access and rights for drug discovery purposes to technology developed or acquired by any such entity, partnership, joint venture or other off-balance-sheet financing vehicle, and PBIO agrees that PBIO's (and such Affiliate's) rights in and to any such technology shall be included in the Licensed Technology under the License Agreement to the extent permitted by any such provisions. 5. Severability Provision. If any term or provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective only to the extent of such invalidity or unenforceability, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. In furtherance of and not in limitation of the foregoing, PBIO and ChemGenics expressly agree that if the duration of or geographical extent of, or any of the business activities covered by, the non-competition provisions of Sections 1 and 2 hereof are determined to be in excess of that which is valid or enforceable under applicable law, then such provision shall be construed to cover only that duration, extent or activities that may validly or enforceably be covered. PBIO and ChemGenics acknowledge the uncertainty of the law in this respect and expressly stipulate that this Agreement shall be construed in a manner that renders its provisions valid and enforceable to the maximum extent (not exceeding its express terms) possible under applicable law. 6. Remedies. PBIO and ChemGenics acknowledge and agree that any breach by PBIO, ChemGenics or their respective affiliates of the provisions of Sections 1 through 4 of this Agreement could cause irreparable damage. Accordingly, in the event of any actual or threatened breach by PBIO, ChemGenics or their respective affiliates of such provisions, the non-breaching party shall (in addition to any other remedies that it may have) be entitled to a temporary and/or permanent injunction or other equitable relief to enforce such provisions. PBIO, ChemGenics or their respective affiliates hereby waive any adequacy of remedy at law defense which such party may now or hereafter have in the event of any breach by such party or its affiliates of the provisions of Sections 1 through 4 of this Agreement. 7. No Waiver of Rights, Powers and Remedies. No failure or delay by a party hereto in exercising any right, power or remedy under this Agreement, and no course of dealing between the parties hereto, shall operate as a waiver of any such right, power or remedy of the party. No single or partial exercise of any right, power or remedy under this Agreement by a - 4 - 5 party hereto, nor any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce any such right, power or remedy, shall preclude such party from any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy hereunder. The election of any remedy by a party hereto shall not constitute a waiver of the right of such party to pursue other available remedies. No notice to or demand on a party not expressly required under this Agreement shall entitle the party receiving such notice or demand to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances or constitute a waiver of the rights of the party giving such notice or demand to any other or further action in any circumstances without such notice or demand. 8. Miscellaneous. (a) Amendment and Waiver. This Agreement may be amended, and any term or provision of this Agreement may be waived, only by written agreement of the parties hereto. (b) Assignment. This Agreement shall be assignable only to any party to whom the License Agreement is assigned, in accordance with the terms contained therein. (c) Termination. This Agreement (other than Section 3) shall terminate when and if the License Agreement terminates. (d) Governing Law. This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. (e) Jurisdiction and Service of Process. Any legal action or proceeding with respect to this Agreement may be brought in the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or of the United States of America for the District of Massachusetts. By execution and delivery of this Agreement, each of the parties to this Agreement hereto accepts for itself and in respect of its property, generally and unconditionally, the jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts. The parties hereby irrevocably waive any objection or defense that they may now or hereafter have to the assertion of personal jurisdiction by any such court in any such action or to the laying of the venue of any such action in any such court, and hereby waive, to the extent not prohibited by law, and agree not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise, in any such proceeding, any claim that is not subject to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts for such proceedings. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to the service of process of any of the aforementioned courts in any such action or proceeding by the mailing of copies thereof by registered mail, postage prepaid, to any party at its address set forth below and irrevocably waives any objection or defense that it may now have or hereafter have to the sufficiency of any such service of process in any such action. (f) Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be in writing, shall be addressed to the receiving party's address set forth below or to such other - 5 - 6 address as a party may designate by notice hereunder, and shall be either (i) delivered by hand, (ii) made by telex, telecopy or facsimile transmission, (iii) sent by recognized overnight courier, or (iv) sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid. If to ChemGenics: ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. One Kendall Square Building 300 - Third Floor Cambridge, MA 02139 Attn: President With a copy to: Jeffrey M. Wiesen, Esquire Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. One Financial Center Boston, MA 02111 Fax: (617) 542-2241 If to PBIO: PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. 500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, MA 01701 Attn: President With a copy to: Rufus C. King, Esquire Testa, Hurwitz and Thibeault, L.L.P. 125 High Street Boston, MA 02110 Fax: (617) 248-7100 All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be deemed to have been (i) if by hand, at the time of the delivery thereof to the receiving party at the address of such party set forth above, (ii) if made by telex, telecopy or facsimile transmission, at the time that receipt thereof has been acknowledged by electronic confirmation or otherwise, (iii) if sent by overnight courier, on the next business day following the day such notice is delivered to the courier service, or (iv) if sent by registered or certified mail, on the fifth business day following the day such mailing is made. (g) Headings. The headings in the Sections and the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. - 6 - 7 (h) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, and by different parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. [THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK.] - 7 - 8 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: /s/ Barry A. Berkowitz --------------------------------- Barry A. Berkowitz, President PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. By: /s/ Noubar B. Afeyan --------------------------------- Noubar B. Afeyan, President Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement - 8 - EX-10.49 11 STANDARD FORM COMMERCIAL LEASE 1 Exhibit 10.49 STANDARD FORM COMMERCIAL LEASE 215 FIRST STREET CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 1. PARTIES OLD CAMBRIDGE REALTY TRUST (fill in) LESSOR, which expression shall include its heirs, successors, and assigns where the context so admits, does hereby lease to CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. LESSEE, which expression shall include its successors, executors, administrators, and assigns where the context so admits, and the LESSEE hereby leases the following described premises: 2. PREMISES approximately one thousand and thirty-four (1,034) (fill in and include, rentable square feet of office space on the second if applicable, suite floor of Building 300 in the complex known as One number, floor Kendall Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts and number, and square further described on the attached Exhibit A: "the feet) Leased Premises" together with the right to use in common with others entitled thereto, the hallways, stairways, and elevators, necessary for access to said leased premises, and lavatories nearest thereto. 3. TERM The term of this lease shall be for SIX (6) Months (fill in) commencing on July 1, 1996 and ending on December 31, 1996. 4. RENT The LESSEE shall pay to the LESSOR fixed rent at the (fill in) rate of $20,680.00 dollars per year, payable in advance in monthly installments of 1723.33 subject to proration in the case of any partial calendar month. All rent shall be payable without offset or deduction. 2 7. UTILITIES The LESSEE shall pay, as they become due, all bills for electricity and other utilities (whether they are used for furnishing heat or other *delete "air conditioning" purposes) that are furnished to the leased if not applicable premises and presently separately metered and all bills for fuel furnished to a separate tank servicing the leased premises exclusively. The LESSOR agrees to provide all other utility service and to furnish reasonably hot and cold water and reasonable heat and air conditioning* (except to the extent that the same are furnished through separately metered utilities or separate fuel tanks as set forth above) to the leased premises, the hallways, stairways, elevators, and lavatories during normal business hours on regular business days of the heating and air conditioning* seasons of each year, to furnish elevator service and to light passageways and stairways during business hours, and to furnish each cleaning service as is customary in similar buildings in said city or town, all subject to interruption due to any accident, to the making of repairs, alterations, or improvements, to labor difficulties, to trouble in obtaining fuel, electricity, service, or supplies from the sources from which they are usually obtained for said building, or to any cause beyond the LESSOR's control. *or billed on a pro-rata basis by Lessor. LESSOR shall have no obligation to provide utilities or equipment other than the utilities and equipment within the premises as of the commencement date of this lease. In the event LESSEE requires additional utilities or equipment, the installation and maintenance thereof shall be the LESSEE's sole obligation, provided that such installation shall be subject to the written consent of the LESSOR. 8. USE OF LEASED The LESSEE shall use the leased premises only for PREMISES the purpose of office use in connection with its (fill in) biotechnology and research operations. 9. COMPLIANCE The LESSEE acknowledges that no trade or WITH LAWS occupation shall be conducted in the leased premises or use made thereof which will be unlawful, improper, noisy or offensive, or contrary to any law or any municipal by-law or ordinance in force in the city or town in which the premises are situated. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing (a) the LESSEE shall not bring or permit to be brought or kept in or on the leased premises or elsewhere on the LESSOR's property any hazardous, toxic, inflammable, combustible or explosive fluid, material, chemical or substance, including without limitation any item defined as hazardous pursuant to Chapter 21E of the Massachusetts General Laws; and (b) the LESSEE shall be responsible for compliance with requirements imposed by the Americans with Disabilities Act relative to the layout of the leased premises and any work performed by the LESSEE therein. 10. FIRE INSURANCE The LESSEE shall not permit any use of the leased premises which will make voidable any insurance on the property of which the leased premises are a part, or on the contents of said property or which shall be contrary to any law or regulation from time to time established by the New England Fire Insurance Rating Association, or any similar body succeeding to its powers. The LESSEE shall on demand reimburse the LESSOR, and all other tenants, all extra insurance premiums caused by the LESSEE's use of the premises. 11. MAINTENANCE The LESSEE agrees to maintain the leased premises in good condition, damage by fire and other A. LESSEE'S casualty only excepted, and whenever necessary, OBLIGATIONS to replace plate glass and other glass therein, acknowledging that the leased premises are now in good order and the glass whole. The LESSEE shall not permit the leased premises to be overloaded, damaged, stripped, or defaced, nor suffer any waste. LESSEE shall obtain written consent of LESSOR before erecting any sign on the premises. B. LESSOR'S The LESSOR agrees to maintain the structure of the OBLIGATIONS building of which the leased premises are a part in the same condition as it is at the commencement of the term or as it may be put in during the term of this lease, reasonable wear and tear, damage by fire and other casualty only excepted, unless such maintenance is required because of the LESSEE or those for whose conduct the LESSEE is legally responsible. 12. ALTERATIONS -- The LESSEE shall not make structural alterations ADDITIONS or additions to the leased premises, but may make non-structural alterations provided the LESSOR consents thereto in writing, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. All such allowed alterations shall be at LESSEE's expense and shall be in quality at least equal to the present construction. LESSEE shall not permit any mechanics' liens, or similar liens, to remain upon the leased premises for labor and material furnished to LESSEE or claimed to have been furnished to LESSEE in connection with work of any character performed or claimed to have been performed at the direction of LESSEE and shall cause any such lien to be released of record forthwith without cost to LESSOR. Any alterations or improvements made by the LESSEE shall become the property of the LESSOR at the termination of the occupancy as provided herein. 13. ASSIGNMENT -- The LESSEE shall not assign or sublet the whole or SUBLEASING any part of the leased premises without LESSOR's prior written consent. Notwithstanding such consent, LESSEE shall remain liable to LESSOR for the payment of all rent and for the full performance of the covenants and conditions of this lease. 3 14. SUBORDINATION This lease shall be subject and subordinate to any and all mortgages, deeds of trust and other instruments in the nature of a mortgage, now or at any time hereafter, a lien or liens on the property of which the leased premises are a part and the LESSEE shall, when requested, promptly execute and deliver such written instruments as shall be necessary to show the subordination of this lease to said mortgages, deeds of trust or other such instruments in the nature of a mortgage. 15. LESSOR'S The LESSOR or agents of the LESSOR may, at reasonable ACCESS times, enter to view the leased premises and may remove placards and signs not approved and affixed as herein provided, and make repairs and alterations as LESSOR should elect to do and may show the leased premises to others, and at any time within three (3) months before the expiration of the term, may affix to any suitable part of the leased premises a notice for letting or selling the leased premises or property of which the leased premises are a part and keep the same so affixed without hindrance or molestation. 16. INDEMNIFICATION The LESSEE shall save the LESSOR harmless from all loss AND LIABILITY and damage occasioned by anything occurring on the (fill in) leased premises unless caused by the negligence or misconduct of the LESSOR, and from all loss and damage wherever occurring occasioned by any omission, fault, neglect or other misconduct of the LESSEE. The removal of snow and ice from the sidewalks bordering upon the leased premises shall be LESSOR's responsibility. 17. LESSEE'S The LESSEE shall maintain with respect to the leased LIABILITY premises and the property of which the leased premises INSURANCE are a part comprehensive public liability insurance in (fill in) the amount of $1,000,000 with property damage insurance in limits of $500,000 in responsible companies qualified to do business in Massachusetts and in good standing therein insuring the LESSOR as well as LESSEE against injury to persons or damage to property as provided. The LESSEE shall deposit with the LESSOR certificates for such insurance at or prior to the commencement of the term, and thereafter within thirty (30) days prior to the expiration of any such policies. All such insurance certificates shall provide that such policies shall not be cancelled without at least ten (10) days prior written notice to each assured named therein. 18. FIRE, Should a substantial portion of the leased premises, or CASUALTY -- of the property of which they are a part, be EMINENT substantially damaged by fire or other casualty, or be DOMAIN taken by eminent domain, the LESSOR may elect to terminate this lease. When such fire, casualty, or taking renders the leased premises substantially unsuitable for their intended use, a just and proportionate abatement of rent shall be made, and the LESSEE may elect to terminate this lease if: (a) The LESSOR fails to give written notice within thirty (30) days of intention to restore leased premises, or (b) The LESSOR fails to restore the leased premises to a condition substantially suitable for their intended use within ninety (90) days of said fire, casualty or taking. The LESSOR reserves, and the LESSEE grants to the LESSOR, all rights which the LESSEE may have for damages or injury to the leased premises for any taking by eminent domain, except for damage to the LESSEE's fixtures, property, or equipment. 19. DEFAULT In the event that: AND BANKRUPTCY (a) The LESSEE shall default in the payment of (fill in) any installment of rent or other sum herein specified and such default shall continue for ten (10) days after written notice thereof; or (b) The LESSEE shall default in the observance or performance of any other of the LESSEE's covenants, agreements, or obligations hereunder and such default shall not be corrected within thirty (30) days after written notice thereof; or (c) The LESSEE shall be declared bankrupt or insolvent according to law, or, if any assignment shall be made of LESSEE's property for the benefit of creditors, then the LESSOR shall have the right thereafter, while such default continues, to re-enter and take complete possession of the leased premises, to declare the term of this lease ended, and remove the LESSEE's effects, without prejudice to any remedies which might be otherwise used for arrears of rent or other default. The LESSEE shall indemnify the LESSOR against all loss of rent and other payments which the LESSOR may incur by reason of such termination during the residue of the term. If the LESSEE shall default, after reasonable notice thereof, in the observance or performance of any conditions or covenants on LESSEE's part to be observed or performed under or by virtue of any of the provisions in any article of this lease, the LESSOR, without being under any obligation to do so and without thereby waiving such default, may remedy such default for the account and at the expense of the LESSEE. If the LESSOR makes any expenditures or incurs any obligations for the payment of money in connection therewith, including but not limited to, reasonable attorney's fees in instituting, prosecuting or defending any action or proceeding, such sums paid or obligations insured, with interest at the rate of 12 percent per annum and costs, shall be paid to the LESSOR by the LESSEE as additional rent. 20. NOTICE Any notice from the LESSOR to the LESSEE relating to the (fill in) leased premises or to the occupancy thereof, shall be deemed duly served, if left at the leased premises addressed to the LESSEE, or if mailed to the leased premises, registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the LESSEE. Any notice from the LESSEE to the LESSOR relating to the leased premises or to the occupancy thereof, shall be deemed duly served, if mailed to the LESSOR by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the LESSOR at such address as the LESSOR may from time to time advise in writing. All rent notices shall be paid and sent to the LESSOR at Old Cambridge Realty Trust c/o The Athenaeum Group, 215 First St., Camb. MA 02142. 21. SURRENDER The LESSEE shall at the expiration or other termination of this lease remove all LESSEE's goods and effects from the leased premises, (including, without hereby limiting the generality of the foregoing, all signs and lettering affixed or painted by the LESSEE, either inside or outside the leased premises). LESSEE shall deliver to the LESSOR the leased premises and all keys, locks thereto, and other fixtures connected therewith and all alterations and additions made to or upon the leased premises, in good conditions, damage by fire or other casualty only excepted. In the event of the LESSEE's failure to remove any of LESSEE's property from the premises, LESSOR is hereby authorized, without liability to LESSEE for loss or damage thereto, and at the sole risk of LESSEE to remove and store any of the property at LESSEE's expense, or to retain same 4 to apply the net proceeds of such sale to the payment of any sum due hereunder, or to destroy such property. 22. BROKERAGE (fill in or delete) 23. CONDITION OF Except as may be otherwise expressly set forth herein, PREMISES the LESSEE shall accept the leased premises "as is" in their condition as of the commencement of the term of this lease, and the LESSOR shall be obligated to perform no work whatsoever in order to prepare the leased premises for occupancy by the LESSEE. 24. FORCE In the event that the LESSOR is prevented or delayed MAJEURE from making any repairs or performing any other covenant hereunder by reason of any cause reasonably beyond the control of the LESSOR, the LESSOR shall not be liable to the LESSEE therefor nor, except as expressly otherwise provided in case of casualty or taking, shall the LESSEE be entitled to any abatement or reduction of rent by reason thereof, nor shall the same give rise to a claim by the LESSEE that such failure constitutes actual or constructive eviction from the leased premises or any part thereof. 25. LATE If rent or any other sum payable hereunder remains CHARGE outstanding for a period of ten (10) days, the LESSEE shall pay to the LESSOR a late charge equal to one and one-half percent (1.5%) of the amount due for each month or portion thereof during which the arrearage continues. 26. LIABILITY No owner of the property of which the leased premises OF OWNER are a part shall be liable hereunder except for breaches of the LESSOR's obligations occurring during the period of such ownership. The obligations of the LESSOR shall be binding upon the LESSOR's interest in said property, but not upon other assets of the LESSOR, and no individual partner, agent, trustee, stockholder, officer, director, employee or beneficiary of the LESSOR shall be personally liable for performance of the LESSOR's obligations hereunder. 27. OTHER It is also understood and agreed that PROVISIONS 1. Lessee will have two (2) six (6) month options to renew this lease with two (2) month written notice to Landlord. The Base Rent for the first six-month option will be $21,714.00 per annum. The Base Rent for the second six (6) month option will be $22,748.00 per annum. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the said parties hereunto set their hands and seals this __________________ day of JUNE 1996. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. OLD CAMBRIDGE REALTY TRUST [SIG] - - ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- LESSEE (DULY AUTHORIZED) ROBERT A. JONES, TRUSTEE LESSOR /s/ KIM LARSON - - ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- WITNESS WITNESS -------------------------------- BROKER(S) 5 EXHIBIT A "LEASED PREMISES"
Suite # Use Area 201 OF 5889 202 OF 1810 203 OF 654 204 OF 432 205 SIG 195 206 SIG 84 207 OF 1034 208 OF 940
[FLOORPLAN ILLUSTRATION] Rev. [LOGO] ONE KENDALL SQUARE BUILDING 300 SECOND FLOOR March 16, 1994 6 STANDARD FORM COMMERCIAL LEASE 1. PARTIES OLD CAMBRIDGE REALTY TRUST (fill in) LESSOR, which expression shall include its heirs, successors, and assigns where the context so admits, does hereby lease to MYCO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. LESSEE, which expression shall include its successors, executors, administrators, and assigns where the context so admits, and the LESSEE hereby leases the following described premises: 2. PREMISES approximately nine hundred and fourteen (914) (fill in and include, rentable square feet of office space on the ground if applicable, suite (basement) floor of Building 300 in the office number, floor complex known as One Kendall Square in Cambridge, number, and square Massachusetts and further described on the attached feet) Exhibit A: "LEASED PREMISES" together with the right to use in common, with others entitled thereto, the hallways, stairways, and elevators, necessary for access to said leased premises, and lavatories nearest thereto. 3. TERM The term of this lease shall be for One (1) Year (fill in) commencing on August 1, 1995* and ending on July 31, 1996.** 4. RENT The LESSEE shall pay to the LESSOR rent at the rate (fill in) of $8,226.00 dollars per year, payable in advance in monthly installments of $685.50. * or upon occupancy, whichever is earlier. If early occupancy occurs, rent will be due on a pro-rata, daily basis. ** and continuing thereafter until either party gives the other three (3) months notice. 7 7. UTILITIES The LESSEE shall pay, as they become due, all bills for electricity and other utilities (whether they are used for furnishing heat or other *delete "air conditioning" purposes) that are furnished to the leased if not applicable premises and presently separately metered,* and all bills for fuel furnished to a separate tank servicing the leased premises exclusively. The LESSOR agrees to provide all other utility service and to furnish reasonably hot and cold water and reasonable heat and air conditioning* (except to the extent that the same are furnished through separately metered utilities or separate fuel tanks as set forth above) to the leased premises, the hallways, stairways, elevators, and lavatories during normal business hours on regular business days of the heating and air conditioning* seasons of each year, to furnish elevator service and to light passageways and stairways during business hours, and to furnish such cleaning service as is customary in similar buildings in said city or town, all subject to interruption due to any accident, to the making of repairs, alterations, or improvements, to labor difficulties, to trouble in obtaining fuel, electricity, service, or supplies from the sources from which they are usually obtained for said building, or to any cause beyond the LESSOR's control. *or, if not separately metered, as billed by Lessor on a pro-rata basis. LESSOR shall have no obligation to provide utilities or equipment other than the utilities and equipment within the premises as of the commencement date of this lease. In the event LESSEE requires additional utilities or equipment, the installation and maintenance thereof shall be the LESSEE's sole obligation, provided that such installation shall be subject to the written consent of the LESSOR. 8. USE OF LEASED The LESSEE shall use the leased premises only for PREMISES the purpose of general offices and storage. (fill in) 9. COMPLIANCE The LESSEE acknowledges that no trade or WITH LAWS occupation shall be conducted in the leased premises or use made thereof which will be unlawful, improper, noisy or offensive, or contrary to any law or any municipal by-law or ordinance in force in the city or town in which the premises are situated. 10. FIRE INSURANCE The LESSEE shall not permit any use of the leased premises which will make voidable any insurance on the property of which the leased premises are a part, or on the contents of said property or which shall be contrary to any law or regulation from time to time established by the New England Fire Insurance Rating Association, or any similar body succeeding to its powers. The LESSEE shall on demand reimburse the LESSOR, and all other tenants, all extra insurance premiums caused by the LESSEE's use of the premises. 11. MAINTENANCE The LESSEE agrees to maintain the leased premises in good condition, damage by fire and other A. LESSEE'S casualty only excepted, and whenever necessary, OBLIGATIONS to replace plate glass and other glass therein, acknowledging that the leased premises are now in good order and the glass whole. The LESSEE shall not permit the leased premises to be overloaded, damaged, stripped, or defaced, nor suffer any waste. LESSEE shall obtain written consent of LESSOR before erecting any sign on the premises. B. LESSOR'S The LESSOR agrees to maintain the structure of the OBLIGATIONS building of which the leased premises are a part in the same condition as it is at the commencement of the term or as it may be put in during the term of this lease, reasonable wear and tear, damage by fire and other casualty only excepted, unless such maintenance is required because of the LESSEE or those for whose conduct the LESSEE is legally responsible. 12. ALTERATIONS -- The LESSEE shall not make structural alterations ADDITIONS or additions to the leased premises, but may make non-structural alterations provided the LESSOR consents thereto in writing, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. All such allowed alterations shall be at LESSEE's expense and shall be in quality at least equal to the present construction. LESSEE shall not permit any mechanics' liens, or similar liens, to remain upon the leased premises for labor and material furnished to LESSEE or claimed to have been furnished to LESSEE in connection with work of any character performed or claimed to have been performed at the direction of LESSEE and shall cause any such lien to be released of record forthwith without cost to LESSOR. Any alterations or improvements made by the LESSEE shall become the property of the LESSOR at the termination of the occupancy as provided herein. 13. ASSIGNMENT -- The LESSEE shall not assign or sublet the whole or SUBLEASING any part of the leased premises without LESSOR's prior written consent. Notwithstanding such consent, LESSEE shall remain liable to LESSOR for the payment of all rent and for the full performance of the covenants and conditions of this lease. 8 14. SUBORDINATION This lease shall be subject and subordinate to any and all mortgages, deeds of trust and other instruments in the nature of a mortgage, now or at any time hereafter, a lien or liens on the property of which the leased premises are a part and the LESSEE shall, when requested, promptly execute and deliver such written instruments as shall be necessary to show the subordination of this lease to said mortgages, deeds of trust or other such instruments in the nature of a mortgage. 15. LESSOR'S The LESSOR or agents of the LESSOR may, at reasonable ACCESS times, enter to view the leased premises and may remove placards and signs not approved and affixed as herein provided, and make repairs and alterations as LESSOR should elect to do and may show the leased premises to others, and at any time within three (3) months before the expiration of the term, may affix to any suitable part of the leased premises a notice for letting or selling the leased premises or property of which the leased premises are a part and keep the same so affixed without hindrance or molestation. 16. INDEMNIFICATION The LESSEE shall save the LESSOR harmless from all loss AND LIABILITY and damage occasioned by the use or escape of water or by the bursting of pipes, as well as from any claim or damage resulting from neglect in not removing snow and ice from the roof of the building or from the sidewalks bordering upon the premises so leased, or by any nuisance made or suffered on the leased premises, unless such loss is caused by the neglect of the LESSOR. The removal of snow and ice from the sidewalks bordering upon the leased premises shall be LESSOR's responsibility. 17. LESSEE'S The LESSEE shall maintain with respect to the leased LIABILITY premises and the property of which the leased premises INSURANCE are a part comprehensive public liability insurance in (fill in) the amount of $1,000,000 with property damage insurance in limits of $100,000 in responsible companies qualified to do business in Massachusetts and in good standing therein insuring the LESSOR as well as LESSEE against injury to persons or damage to property as provided. The LESSEE shall deposit with the LESSOR certificates for such insurance at or prior to the commencement of the term, and thereafter within thirty (30) days prior to the expiration of any such policies. All such insurance certificates shall provide that such policies shall not be cancelled without at least ten (10) days prior written notice to each assured named therein. 18. FIRE, Should a substantial portion of the leased premises, or CASUALTY -- of the property of which they are a part, be EMINENT substantially damaged by fire or other casualty, or be DOMAIN taken by eminent domain, the LESSOR may elect to terminate this lease. When such fire, casualty, or taking renders the leased premises substantially unsuitable for their intended use, a just and proportionate abatement of rent shall be made, and the LESSEE may elect to terminate this lease if: (a) The LESSOR fails to give written notice within thirty (30) days of intention to restore leased premises, or (b) The LESSOR fails to restore the leased premises to a condition substantially suitable for their intended use within ninety (90) days of said fire, casualty or taking. The LESSOR reserves, and the LESSEE grants to the LESSOR, all rights which the LESSEE may have for damages or injury to the leased premises for any taking by eminent domain, except for damage to the LESSEE's fixtures, property, or equipment. 19. DEFAULT In the event that: AND BANKRUPTCY (a) The LESSEE shall default in the payment of (fill in) any installment of rent or other sum herein specified and such default shall continue for ten (10) days after written notice thereof; or (b) The LESSEE shall default in the observance or performance of any other of the LESSEE's covenants, agreements, or obligations hereunder and such default shall not be corrected within thirty (30) days after written notice thereof; or (c) The LESSEE shall be declared bankrupt or insolvent according to law, or, if any assignment shall be made of LESSEE's property for the benefit of creditors, then the LESSOR shall have the right thereafter, while such default continues, to re-enter and take complete possession of the leased premises, to declare the term of this lease ended, and remove the LESSEE's effects, without prejudice to any remedies which might be otherwise used for arrears of rent or other default. The LESSEE shall indemnify the LESSOR against all loss of rent and other payments which the LESSOR may incur by reason of such termination during the residue of the term. If the LESSEE shall default, after reasonable notice thereof, in the observance or performance of any conditions or covenants on LESSEE's part to be observed or performed under or by virtue of any of the provisions in any article of this lease, the LESSOR, without being under any obligation to do so and without thereby waiving such default, may remedy such default for the account and at the expense of the LESSEE. If the LESSOR makes any expenditures or incurs any obligations for the payment of money in connection therewith, including but not limited to, reasonable attorney's fees in instituting, prosecuting or defending any action or proceeding, such sums paid or obligations insured, with interest at the rate of 12 percent per annum and costs, shall be paid to the LESSOR by the LESSEE as additional rent. 20. NOTICE Any notice from the LESSOR to the LESSEE relating to the (fill in) leased premises or to the occupancy thereof, shall be deemed duly served, if left at the leased premises addressed to the LESSEE, or if mailed to the leased premises, registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the LESSEE. Any notice from the LESSEE to the LESSOR relating to the leased premises or to the occupancy thereof, shall be deemed duly served, if mailed to the LESSOR by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the LESSOR at such address as the LESSOR may from time to time advise in writing. All rent notices shall be paid and sent to the LESSOR at Old Cambridge Realty Trust c/o The Athenaeum Group, 215 First St., Camb. MA 02142. 9 21. SURRENDER The LESSEE shall at the expiration or other termination of this lease remove all LESSEE's goods and effects from the leased premises, (including, without hereby limiting the generality of the foregoing, all signs and lettering affixed or painted by the LESSEE, either inside or outside the leased premises), LESSEE shall deliver to the LESSOR the leased premises and all keys, locks thereto, and other fixtures connected therewith and all alterations and additions made to or upon the leased premises, in good condition, damage by fire or other casualty only excepted. In the event of the LESSEE's failure to remove any of LESSEE's property from the premises, LESSOR is hereby authorized, without liability to LESSEE for loss or damage thereto, and at the sole risk of LESSEE, to remove and store any of the property at LESSEE's expense, or to retain same under LESSOR's control or to sell at public or private sale, without notice any or all of the property not so removed and to apply the net proceeds of such sale to the payment of any sum due hereunder, or to destroy such property. 22. BROKERAGE [Deleted] (fill in or delete) 23. OTHER It is also understood and agreed that PROVISIONS 1. THE LEASED PREMISES WILL BE ACCEPTED AND DELIVERED IN THEIR CURRENT "AS IS" CONFIGURATION AND CONDITION, WITH THE LESSOR RESPONSIBLE FOR A GENERAL CLEANING AND CHANGING OF THE LOCK AND KEY. 2. LESSEE SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS PRO-RATA SHARE OF REAL ESTATE TAXES AND COMMON AREA MAINTENANCE (CAM) CHARGES, AS BILLED BY THE LESSOR ON A PRO-RATA BASIS. UPON WRITTEN REQUEST, LESSEE MAY REVIEW LESSOR'S ACCOUNTING AND BILLING FOR REASONABLENESS. 3. LESSEE SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO LEASE TWO (2) ADDITIONAL PARKING SPACES IN THE OKS GARAGE AT THE RATE OF $115. PER VEHICLE MONTHLY FOR THE TERM OF THE LEASE. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the said parties hereunto set their hands and seals this __________________ day of __________________ , 1995. MYCO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. OLD CAMBRIDGE REALTY TRUST /s/ BARRY BERKOWITZ - - ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- LESSEE (DULY AUTHORIZED) ROBERT A. JONES, TRUSTEE LESSOR [SIG] - - ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- WITNESS WITNESS 10 EXHIBIT A "LEASED PREMISES"
Suite # Use Area Suite # Use Area 001 RE 914 010 SIG 638 002 LAB 2349 011 SIG 515 003 RE 3154 005 SIG 365 006 SIG 208 007 SIG 120 008 SIG 215 009 SIG 215
[FLOORPLAN ILLUSTRATION] Rev. [LOGO] ONE KENDALL SQUARE BUILDING 300 LOWER LEVEL July 29, 1993
EX-10.50 12 FORM OF SUBLEASE AGREEMENT 1 EXHIBIT 10.50 SUBLEASE SUBLEASE made as of the 28th day of June, 1996 ("the Sublease") between PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC., a Delaware corporation, as sublessor ("Landlord"), having an address at 500 Old Connecticut Path, Framingham, MA 01701 and CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC., a Delaware corporation, as sublessee ("Tenant"), having an address at One Kendall Square, Building 300, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139. Pursuant to a Lease dated as of May 24, 1994 (the "Overlease") between 500 Old Connecticut Path Limited Partnership, a Delaware Limited Partnership (the "Overlandlord") and Landlord, the Overlandlord leased to Landlord certain premises (the "Premises") more fully described in the Overlease as Buildings A and B (the "Buildings") known as and located at 500 Old Connecticut Path, Framingham, Massachusetts (the "Property"). The Overlease is attached hereto as Exhibit A. Landlord desires to sublease a certain part of the Premises located in Building A to Tenant, and Tenant desires to sublease the same from Landlord, for the term and upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. NOW, THEREFORE, for One Dollar and other good and valuable consideration, and in consideration of the mutual covenants set forth herein, the parties hereby agree as follows: ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS: Section 1.1. "Commencement Date" shall mean the later of June 28, 1996 or the Overlandlord Consent Date. Section 1.2. "Demised Premises" shall mean (a) during the Initial Term, that portion of the Premises, which the parties hereto agree contains approximately 4870 square feet of Rentable Floor Area (as defined in the Overlease) on the third floor of Building A, shown cross-hatched on Exhibit B attached hereto (the "Third Floor Premises") and (b) in substitution therefor during the Extended Term, that portion of the Premises which the parties hereto agree contains approximately 20,000 square feet of Rentable Floor Area on the second floor of Building A, shown as "expansion", and consisting of two such areas on Exhibit B and such additional offices in between or adjoining such areas, comprising up to approximately 10,000 square feet, as the parties may agree to include ("Second Floor Premises"), such Second Floor Premises to be definitively determined as provided in Section 5.2 hereinbelow. Section 1.3. "Extended Term" shall mean the period from the Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor through the Termination Date. 2 Section 1.4. "Initial Term" shall mean the period from the Commencement Date to the Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor. Section 1.5. "Landlord" and all pronouns referring thereto shall mean the Landlord named herein and the successors, legal representatives and assigns of such Landlord collectively. Section 1.6. "Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor" shall mean the date of closing of the IPO as hereafter defined. "Rent Commencement Date--Second Floor" shall mean three months after the date of the closing on the initial Public Offering ("IPO") of the stock of the Tenant, as the IPO is defined in Section 8.06 of the Master Agreement. Section 1.7. "Sublease" shall mean this instrument and any provisions of the Overlease incorporated herein by reference. Section 1.8. "Tenant" and all pronouns referring thereto shall mean the Tenant named herein and the successors, legal representatives and assigns of such Tenant collectively. Section 1.9. "Tenant's pro rata share of common areas" shall mean during the Initial Term 1408 square feet and during the Extended Term the Rentable Square Feet of the Demised Premises divided by 186,060 Rentable Square Feet times 21,000 [the common areas Tenant has access to during the Extended Term] square feet. Section 1.10. "Termination Date" shall mean the earlier of June 27, 2001 or the Early Termination Date as described in Section 3.2, unless sooner terminated, as provided herein or such other date as to which Landlord and Tenant may agree as set forth in Section 5.2. Section 1.11. "Permitted Use" shall be use in connection with Tenant's drug discovery business as a laboratory, research and development facilities and office uses and other lawful uses included within the definition of "Permitted Uses" in Exhibit A of the Overlease which are necessary or incidental to Tenant's drug discovery business in compliance with all laws, regulations, permits and the like, and, except to the extent otherwise agreed to in writing by Landlord, such use shall be substantially similar to Landlord's drug discovery business previously conducted in the Buildings. Section 1.12. "Overlandlord Consent Date" shall mean the date when the consent of the Overlandlord to this Sublease has been obtained, pursuant to Section 17.3 hereof. ARTICLE 2. DEMISE: - 2 - 3 Section 2.1. Landlord hereby subleases the Demised Premises to Tenant, and Tenant hereby subleases the Demised Premises from Landlord, for the Permitted Use upon the terms, provisions and conditions in this Sublease contained, and except as otherwise expressly provided in this Sublease, subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Overlease. During the Initial Term Tenant shall have, as appurtenant to the Demised Premises, the non-exclusive right to use in common with Landlord and others entitled thereto, subject to Landlord's reasonable rules relating thereto, the areas marked with an "X" or an arrow on Exhibit B. During the Extended Term, Tenant shall have such rights to all such areas except those on the third floor and the stairwell and elevator to the third floor. Section 2.2. The Tenant covenants and agrees that it will not enter any other portion of the Premises at the Buildings at any time for any purpose without Landlord's express consent, that it will not in any way interfere with Landlord's business operations or Landlord's use and occupancy of the Premises, nor will it permit any such interference, and that it will comply with all of Landlord's security and/or confidentiality measures and procedures, health and safety procedures and any other reasonable rules and regulations of Landlord regarding the use and occupancy of the Demised Premises, the Premises and the Property Common Areas described in the Overlease. The foregoing shall not be deemed to impose a duty upon Landlord with respect to such matters, it being understood that Tenant shall remain solely responsible for its own security, confidentiality, health and safety and that of its property, employees and invitees. Tenant will install locks on the laboratories contained within the Demised Premises and shall be solely responsible for its personal property and security as to the Demised Premises and its contents, including personal and other property, but not the balance of the Premises or the contents thereof. ARTICLE 3. TERM OF SUBLEASE: Section 3.1. The term of this Sublease (the "Term") shall begin on the Commencement Date and shall expire at midnight on the Termination Date, unless such Term shall sooner cease and expire as hereinafter provided. As of the date of execution of this Sublease, Landlord agrees to allow Tenant access to the Demised Premises prior to the Commencement Date to begin (in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.1 of this Sublease) preparing the Demised Premises for Tenant's occupancy. Tenant shall have no obligation hereunder to pay rent or other charges at any time prior to the Commencement Date, except as otherwise agreed in writing by Tenant. Section 3.2. Landlord shall be entitled to terminate this Sublease upon 30 days written notice in the event of the - 3 - 4 rescission pursuant to Section 8.07 of the Master Agreement between Landlord and Tenant dated May 7, 1996. The effective date of termination, which shall be set out in Landlord's notice, shall be referred to as the "Early Termination Date". ARTICLE 4. FIXED RENT AND ADDITIONAL RENT: Section 4.1. Tenant covenants and agrees to pay to Landlord, as Fixed Rent for the Demised Premises as follows: A. From the Commencement Date until the Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor, the sum of $1.00, B. From the Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor through 5/23/99, the sum of $5.75 per Rentable Square Foot of Demised Premises plus $5.75 times Tenant's pro rata share of common areas per year, payable in equal monthly installments of 1/12 of said sum in advance on the first day of each and every calendar month during the Term, and pro rata for any fraction of a month, C. From 5/24/99 through the Termination Date, the sum of $7.00 per Rentable Square Foot of Demised Premises plus $7.00 times Tenant's pro rata share of common areas per year, payable in equal monthly installments of 1/12 of said sum in advance on the first day of each and every calendar month during the Term, and pro rata for any fraction of a month. D. Fixed Rent is intended to equal the total of (1) a pro rata share of Landlord's Fixed Rent under the Overlease, i.e., (the Fixed Rent per Rentable Square Foot ("RSF") x (the RSF of the Second Floor Premises (approx. 20,000 - 30,000 sq. ft.)) plus (2) Tenant's pro rata share of the Fixed Rent attributable to the Tenant's use of the common areas, i.e., (20,000 - 30,000 RSF/186,060 RSF) x [COMMON AREAS TO WHICH TENANT HAS ACCESS] x (Fixed Rent per RSF). For example: Assume that the second floor space is 20,000 RSF, the total common areas shared by Landlord and Tenant is 21,000 RSF, the Fixed Rent per RSF is $5.75, and the Buildings are 186,060 RSF. Thus, Tenant is subleasing 10.7% of the total Landlord's Rentable Square Feet. The Fixed Rent starting with the Rent Commencement Date--Second Floor would be a total of (a) $5.75 x 20,000 = $115,000 plus (b) 10.7% x $5.75 x 21,000 = $12,920 or $127,920. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein contained, the Fixed Rent listed in subsections B, C and D of the preceding sentence is to be exactly equal to the Fixed Rent per square foot of Rentable Floor Area paid by Landlord under the Overlease, as - 4 - 5 reduced by any abatements in the Overlease or otherwise, if applicable to the Demised Premises. Section 4.2. Commencing on the Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor Tenant shall also pay directly to Landlord, on the first day of each and every month during the Term, or, at Landlord's option, within 10 business days of demand, as Additional Rent, its pro rata share ("Tenant's Share") of all Real Estate Taxes which Landlord is obligated to pay under Section 3.2 of the Overlease. "Tenant's Share" shall be computed from time to time on the basis of a fraction whose numerator is the number of square feet of Rentable Floor Area in the Demised Premises plus Tenant's pro rata share of common areas and whose denominator is the total number of square feet of Rentable Floor Area leased by Landlord under the Overlease. Section 4.3. Commencing on the Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor, Tenant shall also pay directly to Landlord, on the first day of each and every month during the Term, or, at Landlord's option, within 10 business days of demand, as Additional Rent, Tenant's Share of all Operating Expenses and other charges which Landlord is obligated to pay under Sections 3.3 through 3.6 of the Overlease. Section 4.4. Commencing on the Rent Commencement Date--Third Floor, Tenant shall also pay directly to Landlord, on the first day of each and every month during the Term, or, at Landlord's option, within ten (10) business days of demand, and as Additional Rent, Tenant's Share of all other charges payable now or in the future under the Overlease (as it may be amended, so long as such amendment as it affects Tenant's obligations hereunder directly benefits the Demised Premises or the common areas shared by Tenant) by Landlord, as tenant under the Overlease, excluding any late fees or penalties and any amounts owing as a result of a default by Landlord as tenant under the Overlease unless resulting from a default by Tenant hereunder plus Tenant's Share of third party costs paid by Landlord which in Landlord's reasonable determination, directly benefit the Demised Premises or the common areas shared by Tenant. Section 4.5. Tenant shall have the right to use Tenant's Share of the parking spaces leased by Landlord under the Overlease. Section 4.6. Tenant covenants and agrees that the Fixed Rent and all Additional Rents, charges and adjustments hereunder shall be paid to Landlord in legal tender of the United States of America, at Landlord's address set forth above, Attention: Accounting Manager or at such other place or to such other person's attention as Landlord may from time to time designate by notice in writing. - 5 - 6 Section 4.7. It is intended by the Landlord and Tenant that Tenant pay Tenant's Share of the Fixed Rent and Additional Rent and other sums due the Overlandlord pursuant to Sections 3.3 - 3.6 of the Overlease but that there be no profit to Landlord in connection with any payments hereunder. ARTICLE 5. ACCEPTANCE OF DEMISED PREMISES; TENANT'S IMPROVEMENTS: Section 5.1. Tenant agrees to accept and does accept possession of the Demised Premises on the Commencement Date "as is" in the same condition as they are on the date hereof, free of any other tenants. The Tenant has had the opportunity to conduct its own investigations with respect to the Demised Premises and the Buildings to otherwise satisfy itself that the Demised Premises, the Buildings and the Property (as defined in the Overlease) are suitable for the conduct of Tenant's business. The Tenant acknowledges that except as set forth expressly in this Sublease, there have been and are no representations or warranties made by or on behalf of the Landlord with respect to the Demised Premises, the Building or the Property, or with respect to the suitability of any of them for the conduct of the Tenant's business. Landlord shall have no obligation to perform any work or construction with respect to the Demised Premises as a condition to or subsequent to the commencement of this Sublease, including any telephone and computer cabling, which shall be Tenant's responsibility. Tenant shall not in any way make any alterations, additions or changes to the Demised Premises without having first secured the written permission of Landlord and, if required by the Overlease, by Overlandlord in accordance with the Overlease. Any work shall be done in accordance with the plans and specifications submitted to and approved by Landlord and if required by the Overlease, Overlandlord and in all other respects in accordance with Article 4 of the Overlease. Any alterations made by or for Tenant shall be done at Tenant's sole cost and expense in a good and workmanlike manner using new materials of first-class quality consistent with the style and finish of the Demised Premises. Tenant shall secure all necessary permits in advance of commencement of any work and shall keep the Demised Premises free of any mechanics' or other liens and shall hold Landlord and Overlandlord harmless from any loss, cost or damage arising out of any work done by or for Tenant or by its agents or contractors. Landlord shall have the right to remove unpermitted alterations at Tenant's cost. All contractors working for Tenant in the Demised Premises shall be properly insured, with such insurance as is required under Article 4 of the Overlease and shall provide certificates of insurance naming Landlord and Overlandlord as additional named insureds prior to commencement of any work. Tenant, at the expiration of the Term or earlier termination of this Sublease, - 6 - 7 shall deliver the Demised Premises to Landlord in the same condition as they were on the Commencement Date, reasonable wear and tear and damage by fire or other casualty only excepted and Tenant shall remove all personal goods and effects of Tenant leaving the Demised Premises neat, clean and in first-class rentable condition and shall remove any alterations if and as required under the Overlease and as requested by Landlord prior to the time of their installation and repairing damage arising therefrom. Section 5.2. On or before the day which is 1 month after the date of the closing of the IPO, Tenant shall notify Landlord in writing whether it elects to proceed with occupancy and buildout of the Second Floor Premises or to terminate this Sublease. If Tenant elects to proceed, Landlord and Tenant shall negotiate in good faith the exact areas, length of term, time of access for buildout, recognition of Tenant by Overlandlord and any mortgagee(s) of Overlandlord and other matters affecting the Second Floor Premises. Further, if such election to proceed is made, Tenant agrees to prepare drawings, plans and specifications for improvements to the Second Floor Premises for Tenant's use and occupancy thereof for the Permitted Use either prior to or promptly after the closing of the IPO and to use reasonable efforts to obtain any necessary licenses, permits and approvals and the approval of the Overlandlord and Landlord thereto, Landlord's consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed. Thereafter, Tenant shall proceed diligently to construct its improvements and relocate its operations from the Third Floor Premises to the Second Floor Premises. In the event that all such matters have not been agreed to and this Sublease modified to accommodate such matters and as modified, executed and delivered by both parties on or before three months after the date of the closing of the IPO, either party shall have the right to terminate this Sublease upon 120 days written notice to the other. In the event that, despite Tenant's efforts, it has not obtained Overlandlord's consent to such plans and, to the extent required, any modification to this Sublease arising out of the good faith negotiations pursuant to this Section 5.2, within 4 months of the date of the closing of the IPO, then Tenant or Landlord may terminate this Sublease by written notice to the other setting forth an effective date of termination not less than 90 days following the date of such notice. This right of termination shall terminate in the event such Overlandlord's consent is obtained prior to the date any such notification is given. If Tenant has notified Landlord that it elects to proceed as set forth in the first paragraph of this Section 5.2, Tenant shall have six months after closing of the IPO to obtain all permits and complete its buildout plus an additional six months - 7 - 8 so long as construction is in process six months after the date of the closing of the IPO, plus such further time as Tenant is delayed, day for day, due to force majeure, up to a maximum of a further six months. If Tenant has not completed its buildout by such time, Landlord shall have the right to terminate this Sublease. If Tenant determines it cannot obtain all necessary permits and approvals, including without limitation, a wastewater discharge permit, within six months from closing of the IPO it shall so notify Landlord, whereupon either Landlord or Tenant may within 30 days terminate this Sublease effective 90 days from the date of the termination notice. If Tenant has elected to proceed under this section, Fixed Rent and Additional Rent for the Second Floor Premises shall be payable commencing on the Rent Commencement Date--Second Floor and no Fixed Rent or Additional Rent hereunder shall be due for the Third Floor Premises. Tenant shall vacate the Third Floor Premises upon occupancy by Tenant of the Second Floor Premises. If Tenant elects not to proceed with occupancy and buildout of the Second Floor Premises, each party shall have the right by 90 days written notice to terminate this Sublease effective no earlier than 210 days after the date of closing of the IPO. Within a period of 180 days after the execution of this Sublease, Tenant will use commercially reasonable efforts to accomplish an underwritten initial public offering of its Common Stock, in which offering Tenant will attempt to raise between $20 and $30 million (the "IPO"), net to Tenant. Landlord or Tenant shall be entitled to terminate this Sublease upon 180 days written notice to the other if the IPO is not consummated on or before January 1, 1997, or, if on December 31, 1996 Tenant has a registration statement on file with the SEC, and in Tenant's reasonable judgment, there does not appear to be any material impediment to the successful completion of the IPO, on or before March 31, 1997. ARTICLE 6. OVERLEASE: Section 6.1. This Sublease is subject and subordinate to the terms and conditions of the Overlease. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Sublease, Landlord shall be deemed to be landlord under the Overlease, Tenant shall be deemed to be tenant under the Overlease, and all of the provisions of the Overlease contained in Exhibit A hereto are incorporated herein by reference with the same force and effect as if they were fully set forth herein, except that Tenant shall not have any Expansion Options or Right of First Offer, Extension Options or right of self-help, and except, further, that the provisions regarding general and environmental indemnity and the provisions of Sections 2.6 - 2.12, Section 5.3 (relating to a rent abatement), - 8 - 9 Section 6.8, Section 11.11, Section 11.8 and Exhibit C shall not apply. Landlord represents and warrants that the attached document is a true, accurate and complete copy of the Overlease and any amendments or instruments or documents materially adversely affecting Tenant's occupancy of the Demised Premises related thereto. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Sublease, Tenant agrees from and after the date hereof fully to comply with all of the terms, conditions and obligations of Landlord as tenant under the Overlease applicable to the Demised Premises as if Tenant were the tenant thereunder. The Tenant shall comply with all federal, state and local (including zoning) laws, regulations, ordinances, executive orders, federal guidelines and similar requirements in effect from time to time with respect to Tenant's use and occupancy of the Demised Premises. Tenant shall comply with all conditions of any and all permits, licenses and other governmental or regulatory approvals (collectively, "Permits") required for Tenant's use of the Demised Premises, including, without limitation, the discharge or emission of regulated materials or wastes. Prior to occupancy of the Second Floor Premises Tenant shall obtain, and provide a copy to Landlord of, all Permits required for Tenant's business operations and its use of the Demised Premises and shall consult with Landlord concerning, and obtain its prior written approval (not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) of, any Permits. The Tenant may use the Demised Premises, and any portion of the Building only for the Permitted use. During the Initial Term, Tenant shall not conduct any activities nor take any actions, nor permit any actions to be taken which would require any license, permit or approval not obtained by Tenant. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, during the Initial Term Tenant, unless it obtains all necessary licenses, permits and approvals, shall not store any flammable or other hazardous materials (which shall not preclude Tenant from having small quantities of such materials for normal use in compliance with applicable legal requirements), nor store or dispose of hazardous waste. Tenant shall not cause, nor permit, a default under the Overlease. If the Overlease terminates before the end of its Term for any reason whatsoever, including Landlord's default, this Sublease shall also terminate and Landlord shall have no liability to Tenant arising out of or in connection with such termination, including without limitation, any damages. Landlord represents that as of the date hereof, no material default has occurred under the Overlease outstanding past applicable cure periods. Landlord agrees promptly to provide Tenant with a copy of any default notice received by Landlord from Overlandlord. Landlord, as landlord under this Sublease, shall have the benefit of all rights, remedies and limitations of liability enjoyed by Overlandlord as the landlord under the Overlease, but (i) Landlord shall have no obligations under this Sublease to perform any obligations of Overlandlord, as landlord, - 9 - 10 under the Overlease (including without limitation any obligations to provide services, maintain insurance or to perform the Overlandlord's obligations under Sections 5.1, 5.3, 5.5, 6.2, 10.1 (relating to non-disturbance agreements), 12.1 or 12.5 of the Overlease, (ii) Landlord shall not be bound by any representations or warranties of Overlandlord as landlord under the Overlease; (iii) in any case where the consent of Overlandlord is required under the terms of the Overlease, the consent of Landlord and Overlandlord shall be required and (iv) Landlord shall not be liable to Tenant for any failure or delay in Overlandlord's performance of its obligations as landlord under the Overlease. Section 6.2. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Sublease, (i) in any instances where Overlandlord, as landlord under the Overlease, has a certain period of time in which to notify Landlord, as tenant under the Overlease, whether Overlandlord will or will not take some action, Landlord, as landlord under this Sublease, shall have an additional ten-day period after receiving such notice in which to notify Tenant, (ii) in any instance where Landlord, as tenant under the Overlease, has a certain period of time in which to notify Overlandlord, as landlord under the Overlease, whether Landlord will or will not take some action, Tenant, as tenant under this Sublease, must notify Landlord, as landlord under this Sublease, at least five business days before the end of such period, but in no event shall Tenant have a period of less than five days in which so to notify Landlord unless the period under the Overlease is five days or less, in which case the period under this Sublease shall be two days less than the period provided to Landlord as Tenant under the Overlease, and (iii) in any instance where a specific grace or cure period is granted to Landlord, as tenant under the Overlease, Tenant, as tenant under this Sublease, shall be deemed to have a grace or cure period, as applicable, which is ten days less than Landlord, but in no event shall any grace or cure period be reduced to less than five days unless the period under the Overlease is five days or less, in which case the period under this Sublease shall be two days less than the period provided to landlord under the Overlease. ARTICLE 7. TENANT'S COVENANTS AND INDEMNITY: Section 7.1. Tenant covenants and agrees that Tenant will not do or permit anything which would constitute or could cause a default under the provisions of the Overlease or omit to do or permit the omission of anything which Tenant is obligated to do under the terms of this Sublease which would constitute or could cause a default under the Overlease. Tenant's use of the Common Areas shall be at its own risk. Section 7.2. To the maximum extent this agreement may be made effective according to law, the Tenant agrees to indemnify - 10 - 11 and save harmless the Landlord from and against all claims, loss, or damage of whatever nature to the extent arising from any breach by the Tenant of any obligation of the Tenant under this Sublease or any negligence or willful misconduct of the Tenant, or the Tenant's contractors, licensees, invitees, agents, servants or employees, or arising from any accident, injury or damage whatsoever caused to any person or property, occurring after the date that possession of the Demised Premises is first delivered to the Tenant and until the end of the Term and thereafter, so long as the Tenant is in occupancy of any part of the Demised Premises, in or about the Demised Premises or arising from any accident, injury or damage occurring outside the Demised Premises but in or on the Property, or any other areas within the Buildings or, on the Land (as defined in the Overlease), to the extent such accident, injury or damage results, or is claimed to have resulted, from the negligent act or omission or wilful misconduct on the part of the Tenant or the Tenant's agents or contractors, licensees, invitees, servants or employees, provided that the foregoing indemnity shall not include any cost or damage to the extent arising from any negligent or willful act or omission of the Landlord, or the Landlord's contractors, licensees, invitees, agents, servants or employees. This indemnity and hold harmless agreement shall include indemnity against reasonable attorneys' fees and all other costs, expenses and liabilities incurred or in connection with any such claim or proceeding brought thereon, and the defense thereof and shall survive termination or expiration of this Sublease. In the event of a default by Tenant in the full and timely payment and performance of its obligations and covenants under this Sublease, Landlord shall have all of the rights and remedies in the Overlease with respect to defaults by the tenant under the Overlease, including without limitation the rights and remedies set forth in Article 9 of the Overlease. Neither Landlord nor Tenant shall be responsible for indirect or consequential damages suffered by the other, regardless of the cause. Tenant shall perform all of its obligations and agreements under the Master Agreement and a rescission pursuant to Section 8.07 of the Master Agreement shall be deemed to be an Event of Default hereunder. ARTICLE 8. LANDLORD'S COVENANTS AND INDEMNITY: Section 8.1. Landlord covenants and agrees that Landlord shall not enter into any modification or other agreement with respect to the Overlease which would prevent the use by Tenant of the Demised Premises in accordance with the terms of this Sublease, or which would increase the obligations of Tenant or increase the Fixed Rent or Additional Rent required to be paid by Tenant under the terms of this Sublease unless in either case in Landlord's reasonable opinion, such an amendment to the Overlease will benefit Tenant as well as Landlord. - 11 - 12 Section 8.2. To the maximum extent this agreement may be made effective according to law, the Landlord agrees to indemnify and save harmless the Tenant from and against all claims, loss, or damage of whatever nature to the extent arising from any breach by the Landlord or any obligation of the Landlord under this Sublease or any negligence or willful misconduct of the Landlord, or the Landlord's contractors, licensees, invitees, agents, servants or employees, or arising from any accident, injury or damage occurring after the date that possession of the Demised premises is first delivered to the Tenant and until the end of the Term and thereafter, so long as the Tenant is in occupancy of any part of the Demised Premises, in or about the Demised Premises or arising from any accident, injury or damage occurring outside the Demised Premises but in or on the Property, or any other areas within the Buildings or, on the Land (as defined in the Overlease), to the extent such accident, injury or damage results, or is claimed to have resulted, from the negligent act or omission or wilful misconduct on the part of the Landlord or the Landlord's agents or contractors, licensees, invitees, servants or employees, provided that the foregoing indemnity shall not include any cost or damage to the extent arising from any negligent or willful act or omission of the Tenant, or the Tenant's contractors, licensees, invitees, agents, servants or employees. This indemnity and hold harmless agreement shall include indemnity against reasonable attorneys' fees and all other costs, expenses and liabilities incurred or in connection with any such claim or proceeding brought thereon, and the defense thereof and shall survive termination or expiration of this Sublease. ARTICLE 9. PERFORMANCE BY OVERLANDLORD: Section 9.1. It is understood and agreed that Landlord shall at all times use reasonable efforts to seek to obtain compliance by Overlandlord with all of its Obligations under the Overlease that affect Tenant. ARTICLE 10. BROKERAGE REPRESENTATIONS: Section 10.1. Landlord represents to Tenant that it has engaged no broker in consummating the transaction contemplated by this Sublease. Tenant represents to Landlord that it has engaged no broker in consummating the transaction contemplated by this Sublease. Landlord and Tenant each agree to indemnify and hold the other harmless from and against any and all loss, cost, damage or expense (including without limitation reasonable attorneys' fees) arising out of or incurred in connection with any breach or claimed breach of its representation contained in the two preceding sentences. - 12 - 13 ARTICLE 11. NOTICES: Section 11.1. Any bill or notice by Landlord to Tenant shall be deemed sufficiently given if such bill or notice is in writing and is delivered to Tenant's authorized agent Attn: President at the Demised Premises with copies to Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., One Financial Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, Attention: Joel R. Bloom or deemed given when first refused or when delivered by registered or certified United States mail, return receipt requested, addressed to Tenant at the Demised Premises, or at such other address as Tenant shall specify to Landlord. Section 11.2. Any notice by Tenant to Landlord shall be deemed sufficient given if such notice is in writing and is delivered to Landlord at the Building Attention: General Counsel, with copies to: Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, 125 High Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02100, Attention: Margaret W. Brill or deemed given when first refused or when delivered by registered or certified United States mail, return receipt requested, addressed to Landlord at the Buildings, or in each case at such other address as Landlord shall specify to Tenant. ARTICLE 12. FURTHER SUBLEASE OR ASSIGNMENT: Section 12.1. Tenant covenants and agrees that neither this Lease nor the term and estate hereby granted, nor any interest herein or therein, will be assigned, sublet, mortgaged, pledged, encumbered or otherwise transferred, voluntarily or by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Landlord which may be withheld, granted or conditioned in its sole discretion, and, if required under the Overlease, Overlandlord. An acquisition of Tenant by a PerSeptive Competitor, or a Change of Control in which a PerSeptive Competitor shall come to control Tenant, as such terms are defined in and as further described in Section 9.4 of the License Agreement, shall be deemed to be an assignment of this Sublease requiring Landlord's consent in its sole discretion as described in the preceding sentence. A merger or consolidation, or a sale of all or substantially all of the stock, assets or business of Tenant and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, shall also be deemed to be an assignment of this Sublease but Landlord's consent in such case shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. Reasonable consent shall be determined consistent with the provisions of Section 6.8 of the Overlease, but excluding its provisions concerning recapture and sharing of profits. ARTICLE 13. ACCESS: Section 13.1. Landlord and Overlandlord shall have the right to enter and examine the Demised Premises in accordance with and for the purposes set out in Section 6.5 of the Overlease - 13 - 14 and also, to remove, at Tenant's expense, any changes and additions installed by Tenant and not consented to by Landlord and, if required, Overlandlord, in writing. Landlord shall also have the right to enter the Demised Premises for purposes contemplated by the Consulting and Services Agreement between Landlord and Tenant, and any other Related Agreement, and, in any event, if Tenant has given its consent thereto. In addition, during the last six (6) months prior to the end of the then Term and at any time Tenant is in default under the terms of this Sublease beyond applicable notice and cure periods, Landlord and Landlord's representatives may enter the Premises to show the Premises to prospective subtenants, provided that Landlord shall use reasonable efforts to minimize disruption to Tenant's business operations. Landlord agrees to give Tenant a list of the names of all persons authorized by Landlord to show the Premises to prospective subtenants, and, subject to the Overlandlord's rights under the Overlease, shall comply with all of Tenant's reasonable security and/or confidentiality measures and procedures. ARTICLE 14. SIGNAGE: Section 14.1. Tenant shall be entitled, at Tenant's cost and in compliance with all codes, ordinances and regulations, to install signs in and on the Premises and Building with Landlord's consent, not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed, subject to Overlandlord's consent. ARTICLE 15. DEFAULT: Section 15.1. Without limiting the generality of Section 6.1, Article 9 of the Overlease is incorporated as though set forth herein, subject to modification by the terms of Section 6.2 hereof. - 14 - 15 ARTICLE 16. ESTOPPEL CERTIFICATE: Section 16.1. Provided that the following conditions and facts are determined by the Tenant to be true, Tenant agrees from time to time hereafter, upon not less than ten (10) days' prior written request by Landlord or Overlandlord, to execute, acknowledge and deliver to Landlord or Overlandlord a statement in writing certifying that this Sublease is unmodified and in full force and effect; that Tenant has no defenses, offsets or counterclaims against its obligations to pay the Fixed Rent, Additional Rent and other amounts due hereunder and to perform its other covenants under this Sublease; that there are no uncured defaults of Landlord or Tenant under this Sublease (or, if there are any modifications, defenses, offsets, counterclaims, or defaults, setting them forth in reasonable detail); and the dates to which the Fixed Rent, Additional Rent and other charges have been paid. Any such statements delivered pursuant to this Section may be relied upon by Landlord and any other party to whom the statement, at Landlord's or Overlandlord's request, is addressed. ARTICLE 17. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS: Section 17.1. During the Sublease term, Tenant shall maintain insurance of such types, in such policies, with such endorsements and coverages, and in such amounts as are set forth in Article 7 of the Overlease, and such additional insurance as may be required by Landlord, in Landlord's reasonable discretion. All insurance policies shall name Overlandlord and Landlord as additional insureds and loss payees and shall contain an endorsement that such policies may not be modified or canceled without 30 days prior written notice to Overlandlord and Landlord. Tenant shall promptly pay all insurance premiums and shall provide Overlandlord and Landlord with policies or certificates evidencing such insurance. Section 17.2. This Sublease may be amended or modified only by written instruments executed by both Landlord and Tenant. Section 17.3. This Sublease, and the rights and obligations of Landlord and Tenant under this Sublease, are subject to the condition that Overlandlord consent to this Sublease, and this Sublease shall be effective only upon the receipt by Landlord and Tenant of such consent (the "Overlandlord Consent Date"). In the event the Overlandlord Consent Date shall not have occurred on or before August 15, 1996, then, Landlord and Tenant shall each have the option to terminate this Sublease by 30 days written notice thereof to the other. Section 17.4. Except to the extent caused by the negligence, wilful misconduct or failure of Landlord to comply with its obligations and covenants set forth in this Sublease or - 15 - 16 in any other agreement between Landlord and Tenant, the Tenant shall indemnify and hold the Landlord, and its agents, servants, employees, officers, directors, partners, beneficiaries and trustees, harmless from and against any and all actions, petitions, orders, claims or demands made, brought or instituted by any and all private parties and/or any and all public agencies or authorities, together with any and all reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorney's fees, costs, losses, demands, liabilities, fines or penalties assessed against or incurred by any of them, including, without limitation, any of the foregoing arising under CERCLA, similar state laws, other statutes or common law cause of action imposing liability without regard to fault arising out of or in any way connected with any loss or damage to persons or property resulting from the introduction, generation, storage, disposal, seepage, leakage or release of Hazardous Material (as defined in the Overlease) into the Demised Premises by the Tenant, its agents, servants, employees or contractors, or from the improper release of Hazardous Materials anywhere on the Property by, for or on behalf of the Tenant. Section 17.5. Except to the extent caused by the negligence, wilful misconduct or failure of Tenant to comply with its obligations and covenants set forth in this Sublease or in any other agreement between Landlord and Tenant the Landlord shall indemnify and hold the Tenant, and its agents, servants, employees, officers, directors, partners, beneficiaries and trustees, harmless from and against any and all actions, petitions, orders, claims or demands made, brought or instituted by any and all private parties and/or any and all public agencies or authorities, together with any and all reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorney's fees, costs, losses, demands, liabilities, fines or penalties assessed against or incurred by any of them, including, without limitation, any of the foregoing arising under CERCLA, similar state laws, other statutes or common law cause of action imposing liability without regard to fault arising out of or in any way connected with any loss or damage to persons or property resulting from the introduction, generation, storage, disposal, seepage, leakage or release of Hazardous Material (as defined in the Overlease) into the Demised Premises by the Landlord, its agents, servants, employees or contractors, or from the improper release of Hazardous Materials anywhere on the Property by, for or on behalf of the Landlord. - 16 - 17 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Sublease to be duly executed under seal as of the day and year first above written. PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. BY: /s/ Noubar Afeyan ----------------------------------- CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. BY: /s/ Barry Berkowitz ----------------------------------- - 17 - 18 EXHIBIT A The Lease dated May 24, 1994 between 500 Old Connecticut Path Limited Partnership as Landlord and PerSeptive Biosystems, Inc. as Tenant is attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference. - 18 - 19 EXHIBIT B PLANS OF DEMISED PREMISES AND DESCRIPTION OF COMMON AREAS (ATTACHED) - 19 - EX-10.51 13 AMENDMENT, CONSENT & WAIVER 1 Exhibit 10.51 AMENDMENT, CONSENT AND WAIVER ----------------------------- This Amendment, Consent and Waiver (this "Waiver"), dated as of January 18, 1997, by and among American Home Products Corporation Acting Through Its Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories Division ("Wyeth-Ayerst"), ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company") and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Millennium"). WHEREAS, Wyeth-Ayerst and the Company have entered into that certain Collaborative Research and License Agreement dated November 1, 1996 (the "License Agreement"); WHEREAS, Wyeth-Ayerst is a party to that certain Series E Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 27, 1996 by and among Wyeth-Ayerst, the Company and certain other stockholders of the Company party thereto (the "Purchase Agreement"); WHEREAS, Wyeth-Ayerst is a party to that certain Standstill Agreement dated November 27, 1996 by and among Wyeth-Ayerst and the Company (the "Standstill Agreement"); WHEREAS, Wyeth-Ayerst has been advised that the Company intends to execute and deliver an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") by and among the Company, Millennium and CPI Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium ("Sub"), pursuant to which, among other things, Sub would be merged (the "Merger") with and into the Company and the stockholders of the Company would receive, in the aggregate, approximately 4,800,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, of Millennium in exchange for their capital stock of the Company ("Millennium Merger Shares"); WHEREAS, the Merger would constitute an "Acquisition" for purposes of, and as such term is defined in, Section 2.3.3(c) of the License Agreement; WHEREAS, the Stock Purchase Agreement provides that, unless the License Agreement has been terminated, Wyeth-Ayerst may become obligated to purchase additional shares of capital stock of the Company; and WHEREAS, the Standstill Agreement contains certain limitations and restrictions on the actions of Wyeth-Ayerst with respect to the Company and the capital stock of the Company; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereby agree as follows: 1 2 Section 1. CONSENT TO ACQUISITION. Wyeth-Ayerst hereby consents to the Merger and, to the extent that the Merger constitutes an "Acquisition" for purposes of, and as such term is defined in, Section 2.3.3(c) of the License Agreement, WyethAyerst hereby waives its right to terminate the R & D Program (as such term is defined in the License Agreement) solely by virtue of the Merger and Millennium hereby guarantees the performance by the Company of its obligations under the R & D Program pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement. Section 2. AMENDMENT OF ADDITIONAL EQUITY SALES. Upon and subject to the occurrence of the Effective Time (as defined in the Merger Agreement), the parties agree to make modifications to Sections 1.03, 2.03 and 2.04 of the Purchase Agreement including, but not limited to, the following: (i) at the Second Closing (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), subject to the condition set forth in Section 2.03 of the Purchase Agreement, Millennium would be obligated to issue and sell to WyethAyerst, and Wyeth-Ayerst would be obligated to purchase from Millennium, for a purchase price of $3,000,000, a number of shares of common stock, par value $.001, of Millennium ("Millennium Common Stock"), such number of shares to be determined by dividing (i) $3,000,000 by (ii) 100% of the Market Price (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) of the Millennium Common Stock on the date of the Second Closing (the "Post-Merger Shares"); and (ii) the rights and obligations of the parties with respect to the Third Closing (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) will be terminated. Section 3. MANDATORY CONVERSION. Wyeth-Ayerst approves the mandatory conversion of the outstanding shares of preferred stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company into shares of common stock of the Company, $.001 par value per share, pursuant to Section 5(e)(i) of ARTICLE FOURTH of the Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Mandatory Conversion"), such Mandatory Conversion to be effective immediately prior to, and subject to occurrence of, the Effective Time (as defined in the Merger Agreement), and agrees to (i) vote (or consent by written action as to) all shares of Capital Stock of the Company that are beneficially owned by it, or as to which it has voting authority, in favor of the Mandatory Conversion, and (ii) otherwise use its reasonable efforts to ensure that the Mandatory Conversion is approved by the requisite vote (or written consent) of stockholders of the Company, such Mandatory Conversion to be effective immediately prior to, and subject to occurrence of, the Effective Time. Section 4. REGISTRATION RIGHTS. Effective immediately prior to, and subject to the occurrence of, the Effective Time, Wyeth-Ayerst agrees that, with respect to the securities of the Company owned of record by it as of the Effective Time (the 2 3 "Pre-Merger Shares"), all of its registration rights and similar rights requiring the Company to register such Pre-Merger Shares on behalf of the undersigned shall be terminated in their entirety and be of no further force or effect and specifically acknowledges and agrees that such rights shall be inapplicable to the Merger Shares delivered to the undersigned in the Merger. Upon issuance of the Post-Merger Shares in accordance with Subsection 2(i) above, Millennium hereby agrees to grant to Wyeth-Ayerst registration rights with respect to such Post-Merger Shares on terms that are no less favorable than the registration rights that the Company previously granted to Wyeth-Ayerst in the Purchase Agreement. Section 5. "ACCREDITED INVESTOR" REPRESENTATION. Wyeth-Ayerst represents that it is an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Wyeth-Ayerst agrees to execute and deliver such documents and instruments (including an Investor Questionnaire) and to make such representations as shall be reasonably requested by Millennium to ensure that the issuance and delivery of the Merger Shares in connection with the Merger is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Section 6. LOCK-UP AGREEMENT. Wyeth-Ayerst agrees that, with respect to (i) 100% of the Millennium Merger Shares issued and delivered to it pursuant to the Merger for the period commencing on the Effective Time and ending on the date that the Registration Statement on Form S-3 to be filed by the Buyer is effective with respect to the sale of the Millennium Merger Shares (the "Date of Effectiveness"), (ii) as to 50% of such Millennium Merger Shares with respect to the period commencing on the Date of the Effectiveness and ending on July 31, 1997, and (iii) as to 25% of such Millennium Merger Shares with respect to the period commencing on August 1, 1997 and ending on September 30, 1997, it shall not sell, exchange, transfer, assign, pledge, dispose of or engage in any other transaction with respect to the foregoing amounts of the Millennium Merger Shares, including a transaction or arrangement that reduces the risk of loss by short sale, hedging or otherwise. Section 7. STANDSTILL AGREEMENT. The parties hereby agree and acknowledge that the Standstill Agreement shall remain in full force and effect following the Effective Time, with all references therein to the "Company" being deemed to refer to Millennium, and all reference to "Voting Securities" being deemed to refer to shares of Common Stock of Millennium or any other securities convertible into, exchangeable for or exercisable for Common Stock of Millennium. Section 8. FURTHER ASSURANCES. Each party hereby agrees, at any time and from time to time after the date hereof, at the reasonable request of the other party, to execute and deliver such other agreements, certificates or instruments as may be reasonably requested in order to more effectively evidence the foregoing agreements. 3 4 Section 9. EFFECT OF WAIVER. The parties hereby ratify and confirm all of the provisions of the License Agreement and the Purchase Agreement, as modified hereby, and agree and acknowledge that each of the License Agreement and the Purchase Agreement, as so modified, remains in full force and effect. Section 10. COUNTERPARTS. This Waiver may be executed in any number of Counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. [Remainder of page intentionally left blank.] 4 5 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and attested, all as of the day and year first above written. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: /s/ Barry A. Berkowitz ---------------------------- Barry A. Berkowitz President AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORPORATION ACTING THROUGH ITS WYETH-AYERST LABORATORIES DIVISION By: /s/ Charles N. Ross ---------------------------- Name: Charles N. Ross -------------------------- Title: Assistant Treasury ------------------------- MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ Mark J. Levin ---------------------------- Name: Mark J. Levin -------------------------- Title: President ------------------------- 5 EX-10.52 14 LETTER AGREEMENT BET. CHEMGENICS, PFIZER & CO. 1 Exhibit 10.52 CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. One Kendall Square Building 300 Cambridge, MA 02139 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 640 Memorial Drive Cambridge, MA 02139 January 17, 1997 Pfizer, Inc. 235 East 42nd Street New York, NY 10017 Gentlemen: ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("ChemGenics") proposes to enter into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") with Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Millennium") and CPI Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium ("CPI"), pursuant to which, among other things, CPI will be merged with and into ChemGenics and ChemGenics will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium (the "Merger"). Effective upon the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the "Effective Time") shares of common stock $.001 par value, of ChemGenics ("ChemGenics Common Stock") immediately prior to the Merger will be converted into the right to receive shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value of Millennium ("Millennium Common Stock") in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement. Reference is hereby made to the Standstill Agreement dated as of February 9, 1995 by and between ChemGenics and Pfizer, Inc. ("Pfizer") (the "Standstill Agreement"), pursuant to which certain limitations and restrictions have been imposed on the actions of Pfizer with respect to ChemGenics and the capital stock of ChemGenics. Now therefore, for good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned parties hereto agree as follows: 2 Pfizer, Inc. January 17, 1997 Page 2 1. The undersigned hereby agree and acknowledge that the Standstill Agreement shall remain in full force and effect following the Effective Time, with all references therein to the "Company" being deemed to refer to Millennium, and all references to "Voting Securities" being deemed to refer to shares of Millennium Common Stock or any other securities convertible into, exchangeable for or exercisable for Common Stock of Millennium. 2. Each party hereby agrees, at any time and from time to time after the date hereof, at the reasonable request of the other party, to execute and deliver such other agreements, certificates or instruments as may be reasonably requested in order to more effectively evidence the foregoing agreement. 3. The parties hereby ratify and confirm all of the provisions of the Standstill Agreement, as modified hereby, and agree and acknowledge that the Standstill Agreement, as so modified, remains in full force and effect. 4. This Letter Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Letter Agreement as of the date first written above. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ Barry Berkowitz ----------------------------- Title: President PFIZER, INC. By: /s/ ----------------------------- Title: Vice President MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ Mark J. Levin ----------------------------- Title: President EX-10.53 15 LETTER AGREEMENT, CHEMGENICS, PERSEPTIVE, & CO. 1 Exhibit 10.53 CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. One Kendall Square Building 300 Cambridge, MA 02139 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 640 Memorial Drive Cambridge, MA 02139 January 18, 1997 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. 500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham, MA 01701 Gentlemen: ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("ChemGenics") proposes to enter into an Agreement and Plan of Merger substantially in the form of the draft dated January 17, 1997 which was delivered to you (the "Merger Agreement") with Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Millennium") and CPI Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium ("CPI"), pursuant to which, among other things, CPI will be merged with and into ChemGenics and ChemGenics will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium (the "Merger"). Effective upon the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the "Effective Time") shares of common stock $.001 par value, of ChemGenics ("ChemGenics Common Stock") immediately prior to the Merger will be converted into the right to receive shares ("Merger Shares") of Common Stock, $.001 par value of Millennium ("Millennium Common Stock") in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement. Reference is hereby made to: i. the Warrant for the Purchase of Shares of Common Stock of ChemGenics, registered in the name of PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. ("PBIO") and representing the right to purchase up to 4,896,335 shares of ChemGenics Common Stock, at an exercise price of $5.00 per share (the "Warrant"); 2 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 2 ii. the Promissory Note dated December 18, 1996 made in favor of PBIO by ChemGenics in the principal amount of $3,000,000 (the "Note"); iii. the Master Agreement dated May 7, 1996 between ChemGenics and PBIO, as amended by a Letter Agreement dated November 22, 1996 and as further amended by the Omnibus Amendment Agreement dated December 18, 1996 (collectively, the "Master Agreement"); iv. the License Agreement dated as of June 28, 1996 by and among ChemGenics, PBIO and PBIO's wholly-owned subsidiary, PerSeptive Technologies II Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("PTC-II") and Vestec Corporation, a Texas corporation which was subsequently merged with and into PBIO (the "License Agreement"); v. the Consulting and Interim Services Agreement dated June 28, 1996 by and between ChemGenics and PBIO, as amended by the Omnibus Amendment Agreement (the "Consulting and Services Agreement"); vi. the Standstill and Registration Rights Agreement dated as of June 28, 1996 by and between ChemGenics and PBIO, as amended by the Omnibus Amendment Agreement (the "Standstill and Registration Agreement"); vii. the Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreement dated as of June 28, 1996 by and between ChemGenics and PBIO (the "Confidentiality Agreement"); and viii. the Sublease Agreement dated June 28, 1996 by and between ChemGenics and PBIO (the "Sub-lease"). Now therefore, for good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned parties hereto agree as follows: A. WARRANT ------- 1. The undersigned hereby acknowledge and agree that: 3 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 3 i. at the Effective Time, PBIO shall surrender the Warrant to ChemGenics and shall receive as consideration for such surrender a payment by either Millennium or ChemGenics of $1,000,000 by wire transfer; ii. from the date hereof until the Effective Time, PBIO shall not exercise its right under the Warrant to acquire shares of ChemGenics Common Stock, to the extent such Warrant is presently exercisable, or transfer, assign, pledge or hypothecate the Warrant in any way; iii. the provisions of Section 9 of the Warrant shall not apply to the Merger described herein; and iv. from and after the Effective Time, the Warrant shall be of no further force and effect and shall be cancelled by ChemGenics. B. NOTE ---- 1. In accordance with Section 1 of the Note, PBIO hereby acknowledges that upon the Merger the Note is payable in full and, accordingly, at the Effective Time, PBIO shall surrender the Note to ChemGenics for cancellation and shall receive from either Millennium or ChemGenics by wire transfer the sum of $3,000,000 plus all accrued interest under the Note in full satisfaction and discharge of ChemGenics' obligations under the Note. C. MASTER AGREEMENT ---------------- 1. The undersigned hereby confirm and acknowledge that any remaining executory provisions of the Master Agreement shall continue in full force and effect after the Merger except as follows: i. PBIO's right of first refusal set forth in Section 5.06 shall terminate as of the Effective Time; ii. the post-closing covenants set forth in Sections 8.02, 8.03 and 8.04, having been superseded by the Consulting and Service Agreement, the Sublease Agreement and the Standstill and Registration Agreement, and Section 8.06 will terminate as of the Effective Time; 4 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 4 iii. Section 10.05 is deleted in its entirety and a new Section 10.05 is inserted in lieu thereof which shall read as follows: "10.05 ASSIGNMENT. Neither this Agreement nor any right hereunder, may be assigned by any of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other parties; PROVIDED, HOWEVER that ChemGenics may, upon written notice to PerSeptive, assign this Agreement to any Control Affiliate (as such term is defined in the License Agreement, as amended) which agrees to be bound by the terms of this Master Agreement and any other applicable agreement." iv. Notwithstanding Section 10.15 of the Agreement, all of the representations and warranties set forth in the Agreement shall terminate as of the Effective Time; and v. Provisions of the Master Agreement which pertain to specific provisions included in subsequent agreements executed by the applicable parties (such as, by way of example, Section 1.01(B) of the Master Agreement) shall be terminated or modified to the extent terminated or modified in such subsequent agreements. D. LICENSE AGREEMENT ----------------- 1. The undersigned hereby acknowledge and confirm that the License Agreement will remain in full force and effect after the Merger except as follows: i. Section 2.1.1 is amended such that a new Section 2.1.1(d) is added which reads as follows: "(d) Upon written notice to PerSeptive, ChemGenics will have the right to grant sublicenses under the licenses granted pursuant to Section 2.1.1(a) and Section 2.1.1(b) above to any direct or indirect 100% parent or direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of ChemGenics or its parent (a "Control Affiliate") which agrees in writing with PerSeptive to be bound by the Non-Competition Agreement, as amended (as defined in the Master Agreement); PROVIDED THAT any sublicense granted by ChemGenics under this Agreement shall be subject and 5 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 5 subordinate to, and consistent with, the terms and conditions of this Agreement. ii. Section 2.1.2 is deleted in its entirety and a new Section 2.1.2 is inserted in lieu thereof which reads as follows: "2.1.2. RESTRICTIONS ON FUTURE LICENSES. Except for the licenses and rights granted by Section 2.1.1 hereof, PerSeptive reserves the exclusive (against ChemGenics and all other Persons) worldwide right to develop and use, and to license to any Person and authorize future sublicenses with respect to, the Associated Technology and the PerSeptive Patent Rights and to develop, make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell and import products and/or provide services utilizing or Covered By the Licensed Technology within or outside of the Field." iii. Section 2.1.3 of the License Agreement is amended such that the words "other than Section 2.1.2 hereof" shall be deleted from the sixth line on page 4 of the License Agreement, and the words "and 2.1.2" shall be deleted from the second to last line. iv. Section 14 is deleted in its entirety and a new Section 14 is inserted in lieu thereof which shall read as follows: "14. SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. The terms and provisions of this agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, PerSeptive, ChemGenics, and their respective successors and assigns, subject to the terms of Section 9.4 hereof and the remainder of this Section 14; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, ChemGenics may not assign or otherwise transfer this Agreement and any of its rights and interests, or delegate any of its obligations hereunder, except to a Control Affiliate, which Control Affiliate agrees in writing to be bound by this Agreement and the Non-Competition Agreement as amended (as defined in the Master Agreement). In the event that either Party shall consolidate or merge with another Person (other than an acquisition by such Party of another Person where the 6 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 6 stockholders of such Party (or any subsidiary thereof) after such transaction directly or indirectly own at least a majority of the voting stock of the combined or acquired Person and, in the case of ChemGenics, other than a Person which is a Control Affiliate of ChemGenics); or convey, sell or lease to another Person (other than, in the case of ChemGenics, a Person which is a Control Affiliate) all or substantially all of the stock, assets or business of such Party and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or if there shall be a Change of Control of such Party (other than, in the case of ChemGenics, a Change in Control involving only ChemGenics and a Control Affiliate of ChemGenics), then (i) if such transaction is negotiated by such Party, such Party shall give the other Party written notice identifying the acquiring person and the material terms of the transaction at least thirty (30) days prior to the closing thereof and (ii) the Parties shall negotiate in good faith to determine whether any changes shall be appropriate in this Agreement and/or in the consideration due to PerSeptive for the licenses granted herein as a result of the proposed transaction and the changed relationship of the Parties resulting therefrom, subject to PerSeptive's right to terminate the licenses granted herein pursuant to Section 9.4 hereof. If the Parties are unable to agree that any such changes should be made prior to the closing of the proposed transaction, then the licenses granted herein shall continue unaffected thereby upon the consummation of the transaction, subject to PerSeptive's right to terminate such licenses pursuant to Section 9.4. Any attempt to assign or delegate any portion of this Agreement in violation of this Section 14 shall be null and void. Subject to the foregoing, any reference to PerSeptive and ChemGenics hereunder shall be deemed to include the permitted successors thereto and assigns thereof." 2. PBIO and PTC hereby acknowledge and confirm that Millennium does not constitute a "PerSeptive Competitor", as such term is defined in the License Agreement. 3. PBIO and PTC hereby waive their rights to thirty (30) days' prior 7 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 7 written notice of the identity of the acquiror and the material terms of the Merger as set forth in Section 14 of the License Agreement. 4. PBIO and PTC hereby consent to the Merger and acknowledge and agree that the Merger does not constitute an assignment or transfer of the License Agreement by ChemGenics. 5. The undersigned hereby agree that as soon as practicable after the Effective Time they will negotiate to amend the License Agreement to allow ChemGenics to also grant sublicenses under, or assign, the License Agreement to Affiliates (as such term is defined in the License Agreement), under terms and conditions that accommodate PerSeptive's business interests. E. CONSULTING AND SERVICES AGREEMENT --------------------------------- 1. PBIO hereby acknowledges and agrees that the consummation of the Merger shall not constitute an assignment of the Consulting and Services Agreement by ChemGenics and that on or after the Effective Date, the Consulting and Services Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. 2. The sixth paragraph of Section 4 of the Consulting and Services Agreement is hereby deleted and a new paragraph is inserted in lieu thereof which reads as follows: "Without PBIO's express written consent, no Equipment loaned to ChemGenics pursuant to this Agreement shall be furnished to any Partner or any other third party, or otherwise removed from ChemGenics' facility, unless it has been purchased or leased from ChemGenics for fair consideration as described above, provided that nothing contained herein shall prevent ChemGenics form utilizing such Equipment in the ordinary course of its business with any Partner, and FURTHER PROVIDED, that ChemGenics may, without PBIO's express written consent, furnish Equipment to any corporation, or unincorporated organization or other entity that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with ChemGenics." 3. PBIO hereby waives any rights to thirty (30) days' prior notice of the identity of the acquiror and the material terms of the Merger as set forth in Section 10(c) of the Consulting and Services Agreement. 8 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 8 4. PBIO hereby acknowledges that, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, from and after the Effective Date, each one share of ChemGenics Common Stock held of record by PBIO immediately prior to the Effective Date shall be converted into the right to receive such number of shares of Millennium Common Stock as is determined pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement (the "Merger Shares"). The Merger Shares shall continue to be subject to the repurchase option set forth in Section 5 of the Consulting and Services Agreement and, furthermore, Section 5 be and hereby is amended such that it reads in its entirety as follows: "5. CERTAIN CONSEQUENCES OF NONCOMPLIANCE. In the event PBIO does not provide the Equipment and Supplies required by Sections 3 and 4 of this Agreement, or the Consulting Services required by Section 2 of this Agreement, ChemGenics shall provide written notice of such failure to PBIO. If PBIO fails to cure such failure within thirty (30) days following receipt of the first such notice, twenty (20) days following receipt of the second such notice or ten (10) days following receipt of any further notice, or if such failure is not curable in such period PBIO fails to commence to cure same within such period and thereafter diligently continue to prosecute such cure and in any event fails to cure such failure within an additional twenty (20) days, Millennium Pharmaceuticals , Inc. (the parent corporation of ChemGenics) ("Millennium") shall have the option for a period of ninety (90) days following the termination of the grace period following such notice to purchase from PBIO and PBIO shall be obligated to sell to Millennium at an aggregate price of $1.00, all or any part of the number of the Earnout Shares (the "Shares") set forth below (the "Repurchase Option").
Date of Default* Number of Shares** --------------- ---------------- July 1, 1996 - June 30, 1997 662,500 July 1, 1997 - June 30, 1998 441,667 July 1, 1998 - June 30, 1999 220,833 Thereafter 0
* The applicable number of shares shall be determined by the period in which the date of default, set forth in the relevant default notice, occurs. ** ChemGenics has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated January __, 1997 (the "Merger Agreement") with Millennium and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium pursuant to which ChemGenics will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium (the "Merger"). Effective upon the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the 9 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 9 Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the "Effective Time") shares of common stock $.001 par value, of ChemGenics ("ChemGenics Common Stock") immediately prior to the Merger will be converted into the right to receive shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value of Millennium ("Millennium Common Stock") in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement. The Earnout Shares in the foregoing table consist of shares of ChemGenics Common Stock. Upon the occurrence of the Effective Time, the number of Earnout Shares listed in such table shall be replaced by the number of shares of Millennium Common Stock received by ChemGenics in the Merger, calculated in accordance with the Exchange Ratio (as such term is defined in the Merger Agreement) set forth in the Merger Agreement. In the event Millennium shall be entitled to and shall elect to exercise the Repurchase Option, it shall give PBIO written notice specifying the number of Shares which Millennium elects to purchase and specifying a date for closing hereunder, which date shall be not more than thirty (30) calendar days after the giving of such notice. The closing shall take place at Millennium's principal offices or such other location in the greater Boston, Massachusetts areas as Millennium may reasonably designate in such notice. At the closing, PBIO shall deliver the Shares being purchased against the simultaneous delivery of the purchase price by Millennium. If PBIO notifies Millennium that it disagrees with Millennium's assertion that there is a default, and notifies Millennium of the same within fifteen (15) calendar days after PBIO's receipt of notice thereof, the matter will be referred to and determined by arbitration pursuant to Section 10.8 of the Master Agreement. In the event that PBIO fails to deliver the Shares as required by this Agreement, Millennium may elect (a) to establish a segregated account to receive the payment of the repurchase price, such account to be turned over to PBIO upon delivery of the certificates representing such Shares, and (b) immediately to take such action as is appropriate to transfer record title of such Shares from PBIO to Millennium and to treat PBIO and such Shares in all respects as if delivery of the certificates representing such Shares had been made as required by this Agreement. PBIO hereby irrevocably grants Millennium a power of attorney for the purpose of effectuating the foregoing. If Millennium shall pay a stock dividend or declare a stock split on or with respect to any of its Common Stock, or otherwise distribute securities of 10 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 10 Millennium to the holders of its Common Stock, the number of shares of stock or other securities of Millennium issued with respect to the Shares then subject to the Repurchase Option shall be added to the Shares then subject to the Repurchase Option without any change in the aggregate purchase price. If Millennium shall distribute to its stockholders shares of stock of another corporation, the shares of stock of such other corporation distributed with respect to the Shares then subject to the Repurchase Option shall be added to the Shares covered by the Repurchase Option without any change in the aggregate purchase price. If the outstanding shares of Millennium Common Stock shall be subdivided into a greater number of shares or combined into a smaller number of shares, or in the event of a reclassification of the outstanding shares of Common Stock of Millennium, or if Millennium shall be a part to any capital reorganization, there shall be substituted for the Shares then covered by the Repurchase Option such amount and kind of securities as are issued in such subdivision, combination, reclassification, or capital reorganization in respect of the Shares subject to the Repurchase Option immediately prior thereto, without any change in the aggregate purchase price." F. STANDSTILL AND REGISTRATION AGREEMENT ------------------------------------- 1. The undersigned hereby acknowledge that the Standstill and Registration Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Sections 2.02 and 2.03 and Article III shall be deleted in their entirety. G. CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT ------------------------- 1. The undersigned hereby agree that the Merger does not constitute an assignment of the Confidentiality Agreement and that such Confidentiality Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Sections 1 and 2 shall be deleted from the Confidentiality Agreement in their entirety. H. SUBLEASE -------- 1. In accordance with Article 12 of the Sublease, PBIO hereby consents to the Merger, to the extent that the Merger constitutes as "assignment" under the provisions of Article 12. 2. PBIO agrees to use its best efforts to obtain any consents or waivers of 11 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 11 the Overlandlord (as defined in the Sublease) to the extent required to accommodate the change and control of ChemGenics resulting from the Merger. 3. Upon and subject to the occurrence of the Effective Time, the undersigned agree to negotiate in good faith any such amendments or modifications of the Sublease which the parties may deem appropriate to account for the Merger. I. APPROVAL OF MERGER ------------------ 1. PBIO agrees to (a) vote (or consent by written action) as to all shares of ChemGenics Common Stock that are beneficially owned by the undersigned, or as to which the undersigned has voting authority, in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement and the approval of the Merger and (b) otherwise use the undersigned's best effort to assure that the Merger Agreement is adopted and the Merger is approved by the requisite vote (or written consent) of stockholders of ChemGenics, in each case subject to the satisfaction of the other conditions precedent to ChemGenics' obligation to consummate the Merger. J. "ACCREDITED INVESTOR" REPRESENTATION ------------------------------------ 1. PBIO represents that it is an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D of the Securities and Exchange Commission. PBIO agrees to execute and deliver such documents and instruments (including an Investor Questionnaire) and to make such representations as shall be reasonably requested by Millennium to ensure that the issuance and delivery of the Merger Shares in connection with the Merger is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. K. LOCK-UP AGREEMENT ----------------- 1. PBIO agrees that, with respect to (i) 100% of the Merger Shares issued and delivered to it pursuant to the Merger for the period commencing on the Effective Time and ending on the date that the Registration Statement on Form S-3 to be filed by Millennium is effective with respect to the sale of the Merger Shares (the "Date of Effectiveness"), (ii) as to 50% of such Merger Shares with respect to the period commencing on the Date of the Effectiveness and ending on July 31, 1997, and (iii) as to 25% of such Merger Shares with respect to the period commencing on August 1, 1997 and ending on September 30, 1997, PBIO shall not sell, exchange, transfer, assign, pledge, dispose of or engage in any other transaction with respect to the foregoing amounts of the Merger Shares, including a transaction or arrangement that reduces the risk of loss by short sale, hedging or otherwise. 12 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 12 L. TAX REPRESENTATIONS ------------------- 1. PBIO shall make customary, reasonable and appropriate representations to tax counsel to Millennium and ChemGenics to enable such firms to render opinions as to the tax-free nature of the Merger. M. MISCELLANEOUS ------------- 1. From and after the Effective Date, notices required to be given to ChemGenics under any of the agreements set forth herein shall be sent to: ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. c/o Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 640 Memorial Drive Cambridge, MA 02139 with a copy to: Hale and Dorr LLP 60 State Street Boston, MA 02109 Attn: Steven D. Singer, Esq. 2. To the extent that the amendment or modification of any agreement hereunder amends or modifies the terms and conditions of any other agreement hereunder, such other agreement shall be deemed to be so amended or modified. 3. The undersigned hereby agree that, if the Effective Time does not occur by August 31, 1997 or if the Merger Agreement shall be terminated in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.1 thereof, then this Letter Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect and all obligations of the undersigned hereunder shall become null and void. 4. This Letter Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal law (and not the law of conflicts) of the State of Delaware. 5. This Letter Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, and each such counterpart shall be deemed to be an original instrument, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one agreement. 13 PerSeptive BioSystems, Inc. January 18, 1997 Page 13 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Letter Agreement as of the date first written above. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ Barry Berkowitz ----------------------------- Title: President PERSEPTIVE BIOSYSTEMS, INC. By: /s/ Noubar Afeyan ----------------------------- Title: President MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ Mark J. Levin ----------------------------- Title: President PERSEPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES II CORPORATION By: /s/ Noubar Afeyan ----------------------------- Title: President
EX-10.54 16 AMENDMENT TO COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH & LICENSE AGR. 1 Exhibit 10.54 AMENDMENT TO COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND LICENSE AGREEMENT --------------------------------------------------------- This Amendment ("Amendment") dated March 20, 1997, by and among American Home Products Corporation, a Delaware corporation, represented by its Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories Division ("Wyeth-Ayerst") and ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company") amends that certain Collaborative Research and License Agreement dated November 1, 1996 by and between Wyeth-Ayerst and the Company (the "License Agreement"). WHEREAS Wyeth-Ayerst has been advised that the Company has executed an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated January 20, 1997 by and among the Company, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Millennium") and CPI Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium ("CPI") pursuant to which, among other things, CPI will be merged (the "Merger") with and into the Company and the Company will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium. WHEREAS, Wyeth-Ayerst is a party to that certain Series E Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 27, 1996 by and among Wyeth-Ayerst, the Company and certain other stockholders a party thereto (the "Purchase Agreement"); WHEREAS, the License Agreement and the Purchase Agreement provide that, unless the License Agreement has been terminated, Wyeth-Ayerst may become obligated to purchase additional shares of capital stock of the Company (the "Additional Equity Investments"). WHEREAS, in connection with the Merger, Wyeth-Ayerst, the Company and Millennium have heretofore entered into an Amendment, Consent and Waiver dated as of January 18, 1997 pursuant to which the parties have agreed to modify the terms and conditions of the Additional Equity Investments set forth in the License Agreement and Purchase Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereby agree as follows: 1. Section 3.1 of the License Agreement is deleted in its entirety and a new Section 3.1 is inserted in lieu thereof which reads as follows: 2 "3.1 Equity Investments ------------------ WYETH-AYERST will make two equity investments in CHEMGENICS in accordance with the terms of a Series E Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement of even date herewith (the "Stock Purchase Agreement"): 1. $5 million on the Effective Date of this Agreement. 2. $3 million as set forth in Section 1.03 (b) of the Stock Purchase Agreement." 2. The Agreement, as supplemented and modified by this Amendment, together with the other writings referred to in the Agreement or delivered pursuant thereto which form a part thereof, contains the entire Agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter thereof and amends, restates and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous arrangements or understandings with respect thereto. 3. From and after the effective date of this Amendment, each reference in the Agreement to "this agreement," "hereunder," "hereof," "herein" or words of like import, and each reference to the other documents entered into in connection with the Agreement shall mean and be a reference to the Agreement as amended hereby. Except as specifically amended above, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and is hereby ratified and confirmed. 4. This Amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New Jersey, U.S.A., without regard to the application of principles of conflicts of law. 5. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, and each such counterpart shall be deemed to be an original instrument, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one agreement. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment to Collaborative Research and License Agreement on the date first written above. CHEMGENICS PHARMACEUTICALS INC. By: /s/ Barry A. Berkowitz ---------------------------- Barry A. Berkowitz President -2- 3 AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORPORATION ACTING THROUGH ITS WYETH-AYERST LABORATORIES DIVISION By: /s/ Gerald A. Jibilian ---------------------------- Name: Gerald A. Jibilian -------------------------- Title: Vice President ------------------------- The undersigned hereby agrees to and acknowledges the foregoing as of the date first written above: MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ Steven H. Holtzman -------------------------------- Name: Steven H. Holtzman ------------------------------ Title: Chief Business Officer ----------------------------- -3- EX-11.1 17 COMPUTATION OF PER SHARE EARNINGS 1 EXHIBIT 11.1 Statement Regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Year Ended December 31 1996 1995 --------------------------- Average common stock outstanding 22,286,711 3,161,814 Assumed conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock 12,109,721 Common stock equivalents 3,879,160 ----------- ----------- Total 22,286,711 19,150,695 Net income(loss) $(8,767,991) $ 1,284,366 Net income (loss) per share $ (0.39) $ 0.07
EX-13 18 MILLENIUM PHARMACEUTICALS 1996 ANNUAL REPORT 1 EXHIBIT 13 ---------- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 1996 Annual Report to Stockholders 2 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Selected Financial Data
- - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1993 1994 1995 1996 - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA: (in thousands, except per share data) Revenue under strategic alliances $ -- $ 7,963 $22,880 $ 31,764 Costs and expenses: Research and development 2,859 10,990 17,838 34,803 General and administrative 1,530 3,240 3,292 7,973 - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4,389 14,230 21,130 42,776 - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income (loss) from operations (4,389) (6,267) 1,750 (11,012) Interest income (expense), net 101 (105) (466) 2,244 - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (loss) $(4,288) $ (6,372) $ 1,284 $ (8,768) ============================================================================================= Pro forma net income (loss) per share $ 0.07 $ (0.39) ============================================================================================= Shares used in computing pro forma net income (loss) per share 19,151 22,287 - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DECEMBER 31, 1993 1994 1995 1996 - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BALANCE SHEET DATA: (in thousands) Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 4,629 $ 6,105 $17,847 $ 63,848 Working capital 3,517 3,151 10,498 60,273 Total assets 6,156 10,101 25,105 87,744 Long-term debt, net of current portion -- 3,067 1,467 -- Capital lease obligations, net of current portion 826 2,359 2,499 9,308 Accumulated deficit (4,288) (10,660) (9,376) (18,144) Total stockholders' equity $ 4,164 $ 1,559 $13,096 $ 66,639
25 3 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial condition and Results of Operations OVERVIEW The Company was incorporated in January of 1993 and has devoted substantially all of its resources to the development and application of genetics, genomics and bioinformatics technology used to identify the genes responsible for major diseases, as well as comprehensive technologies to elucidate the role of these genes in disease initiation and progression. To date, all of the Company's revenue has resulted from payments from strategic partners and the Company has not received any revenue from the sale of products or services. The Company has entered into several strategic alliances: in March 1994 with Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. ("Roche") in obesity and type II diabetes; in October 1995 and March 1996 with Eli Lilly and Company ("Lilly") in atherosclerosis and select areas of oncology, respectively; in December 1995 with Astra AB ("Astra") in inflammatory respiratory diseases; and in July 1996 with American Home Products ("AHP") in certain disorders of the central nervous system. These agreements have provided the Company with various combinations of equity investments, up-front and follow-on fees and research funding and may provide certain additional payments upon the attainment of research and regulatory milestones and royalty and/or profit sharing payments based on sales of any products resulting from the collaborations. Revenue recognized under the collaborations through December 31, 1996 has aggregated approximately $62,607,000. Although the Company intends to enter into additional strategic alliances, it also expects to incur increasing expenses and additional losses for at least the next several years, primarily due to expansion of its research and development programs. Payments under strategic alliance and licensing arrangements will be subject to significant fluctuation in both timing and amounts resulting in periods of profitability and periods of losses; therefore, the Company's results of operations for any period may not be comparable to the results of operations for any other period. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Years Ended December 31, 1996 and December 31, 1995 Revenue under strategic alliances increased to $31,764,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996 (the "1996 Period") from $22,880,000 for the year ended December 31, 1995 (the "1995 Period"). During the 1996 Period, the Company recognized strategic alliance revenue from four partners--Roche, Lilly, Astra, and AHP. During the 1995 Period, strategic alliance revenue was primarily received from Roche, however in the fourth quarter of 1995, the Company received license fees on new collaborations with Lilly and Astra. The 1996 Period also included an up-front license fee from AHP and various research milestone payments. Effective March 1996, Lilly exercised its option to enter into a strategic alliance in select areas of oncology. In connection with the execution of this agreement, the Company recognized $2,750,000 of revenue that had been previously deferred. Research and Development expenses increased to $34,803,000 for the 1996 Period from $17,838,000 for the 1995 Period. The increase was primarily attributable to increased payroll and personnel expenses as the Company hired additional research and development personnel, increased purchase of laboratory supplies, increased equipment depreciation and facilities expenses in connection with the expansion of the Company's research efforts and increased costs associated with the collection of patient information and DNA samples. The Company expects research and development expenses to continue to increase as personnel and research and development facilities are expanded to accommodate the Company's existing strategic alliances. Such expenses will also increase to the extent that the Company enters into additional strategic alliances with third parties. General and administrative expenses increased to $7,973,000 for the 1996 Period from $3,292,000 for the 1995 Period. The increase was primarily attributable to increased payroll and personnel expenses as the 4 Company hired additional management and administrative personnel, and professional fees in connection with the overall scale-up of the Company's operations and business development efforts. It is anticipated that general and administrative expenses will continue to increase as the Company continues to expand its operations. The Company had net interest income of $2,244,000 for the 1996 Period and net interest expense of $466,000 for the 1995 Period. The transition to net interest income was due to increased interest income earned on higher balances of cash and investment securities. On February 10, 1997, the Company acquired ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. (ChemGenics) in exchange for approximately 4,800,000 shares of common stock. In addition, a principal shareholder of ChemGenics received $4,000,000 in settlement of a promissory note and repurchase of warrants previously issued by ChemGenics. Under purchase accounting, the Company expects that a substantial portion of the purchase value of ChemGenics will be charged to 1997 operating results as acquired in-process research and development. Years Ended December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994 Revenue under strategic alliances increased to $22,880,000 for the year ended December 31, 1995 (the "1995 Period") from $7,963,000 for the year ended December 31, 1994 (the "1994 Period"). The increase for the 1995 Period was due to the inclusion of a full year of research funding and a research milestone payment from Roche, up-front fees from Lilly and Astra, and research funding from Lilly. Research and development expenses increased to $17,838,000 for the 1995 Period from $10,990,000 for the 1994 Period. The increase was primarily attributable to increased payroll and personnel expenses as the Company hired additional research and development personnel, increased purchase of laboratory supplies, increased equipment depreciation and facilities expenses in connection with the expansion of the Company's research efforts, and increased costs associated with the collection of patient information and DNA samples. General and administrative expenses were relatively unchanged at $3,292,000 for the 1995 Period as compared with $3,240,000 for the 1994 Period. Net interest expense increased to $466,000 for the 1995 Period from $105,000 for the 1994 Period. This increase was due to increased interest expense incurred on capital lease obligations and debt, both entered into in 1995, partially offset by increased interest income earned on higher balances of cash and marketable securities. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES The Company has financed its operations since inception primarily through strategic alliances, private placement of equity securities, issuance of debt and capital leases. In May 1996, the Company completed an initial public offering of common stock resulting in proceeds, net of underwriting discounts and offering costs, of $57,103,000. Through December 31, 1996, the Company recognized approximately $62,607,000 of revenue under strategic alliances. The private placement of equity securities has provided the Company with aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $25,950,000. The Company has obtained $4,000,000 in long-term debt, $16,400,000 in capital lease financings, and $1,100,000 to finance the build-out of an 8,000 square foot in-house animal facility. As of December 31, 1996, the Company had approximately $63,848,000 in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. Although the Company had no material commitments for capital expenditures at December 31, 1996, the Company expects capital expenditures to continue to be significant over the next several years as facilities are expanded and equipment is acquired to support increased research and development efforts. As of December 31, 1996, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $16,596,000 to offset future federal and state taxable income through 2011. Due to the degree of uncertainty related to the ultimate realization of such prior losses, no benefit has been recognized as of December 31, 1996. Moreover, utilization of such losses in future years may be limited under the change of stock ownership rules of the Internal Revenue Service. The Company believes that existing cash and marketable securities and anticipated cash flow from its current strategic alliances will be sufficient to support the Company's operations for at least the next 24 months. The Company's forecast of the period of time through which its financial resources will be adequate to support its operations is forward-looking information, and, as such, actual results may vary. 27 5 Factors that may cause actual results to vary include those set forth below under the heading "Factors Affecting Future Operating Results." FACTORS AFFECTING FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS This Annual Report to Stockholders contains forward-looking statements. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words "believes," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause the Company's actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, without limitation, those set forth below and elsewhere in this Annual Report to Stockholders and in the Section titled "Business Factors which May Affect Results" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which Section is incorporated herein by reference. The Company is at an early stage of development. To date, the Company has not developed or commercialized any products based on its technological approaches. There can be no assurance that these approaches will enable the Company to successfully identify and characterize genes that predispose individuals to the diseases that are the principal focus of its disease research programs or to use any resulting information to develop molecular targets of utility for pharmaceutical product development. Even if the Company is successful in identifying genes associated with specific diseases, there can be no assurance that its gene discoveries will lead to the development of therapeutic and diagnostic products. In addition, the Company faces intense competition from commercial and academic organizations, many of which are larger and better financed. The Company has a substantial accumulated deficit. The Company expects to incur losses for at least the next several years and that such losses will increase as the Company expands its research and development activities. The Company will require substantial additional funds for its research and product development programs, operating expenses, the pursuit of regulatory approvals and expansion of its production, sales and marketing capabilities. Adequate funds for these purposes, whether through equity or debt financings, collaborative or other arrangements with corporate partners or from other sources, may not be available when needed or on terms acceptable to the Company. Insufficient funds could require the Company to delay, scale back or eliminate certain of its research and product development programs or to license to third parties to commercialize products or technologies that the Company would otherwise develop or commercialize itself. The Company's strategy for development and commercialization of diagnostic and therapeutic products based upon its gene discoveries depends upon the formation of various strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. There can be no assurance that current or any future strategic alliances or licensing arrangements ultimately will be successful. If any of the Company's strategic partners were to breach or terminate its agreement with the Company or otherwise fail to conduct its collaborative activities successfully in a timely manner, such delay or termination could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Proprietary rights relating to the products, methods and services of the Company will be protected from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent that they are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are maintained in confidence as trade secrets. There can be no assurance that any pending patent applications relating to the products, methods and services of the Company will result in patents being issued or that any such patents will afford protection against competitors with similar technology. There may be pending or issued third-party patents relating to the methods and services of the Company and the Company may need to acquire licenses to, or to contest the validity of, any such patents. 6 It is likely that significant funds would be required to defend any claim that the Company infringes a third-party patent. There can be no assurance that any license required under any such patent would be made available. The Company recently has significantly increased the scale of its operations to support the expansion of its disease research programs and its strategic alliances, including the acquisition of ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. in February 1997. The resulting growth in personnel and facilities could place significant strains on the Company's management, operations and systems. Other factors that may affect the Company's future operating results include the inherent risk of product liability claims which may result from testing, marketing and sale of pharmaceutical products, the Company's fluctuations in quarterly operating results, the Company's ability to continue to attract and retain qualified management and scientific staff, and its ability to obtain on a timely basis regulatory approvals for marketing and sale of its products and to compete successfully in the market. 7 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS Board of Directors and Stockholders Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the related statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. at December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Boston, Massachusetts January 31, 1997, except for Note 11, as to which the date is February 10, 1997 8 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Balance Sheets
- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DECEMBER 31, 1996 1995 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 10,088,302 $10,586,260 Marketable securities 53,759,671 7,260,284 Due from strategic partners 5,709,870 -- Prepaid expenses and other current assets 2,512,670 694,763 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total current assets 72,070,513 18,541,307 Property and equipment, net 15,191,277 4,905,528 Due from strategic partners -- 1,463,333 Deposits and other assets 482,660 194,682 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total assets $ 87,744,450 $25,104,850 ====================================================================================== Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 2,262,458 $ 1,122,446 Accrued expenses 1,283,782 567,611 Deferred revenue 3,543,002 3,110,000 Current portion of long-term debt 1,466,667 1,600,000 Current portion of capital lease obligations 3,241,507 1,643,168 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total current liabilities 11,797,416 8,043,225 Long-term debt, net of current portion -- 1,466,667 Capital lease obligations, net of current portion 9,308,272 2,499,088 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders' equity: Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares in 1996 and 14,000,000 shares in 1995 authorized: Series A convertible preferred stock; 8,450,000 shares issued and outstanding in 1995 -- 8,450 Series B convertible preferred stock; 2,000,000 shares issued and outstanding in 1995 -- 2,000 Series C convertible preferred stock; 1,333,333 shares issued and outstanding in 1995 -- 1,333 Common Stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares in 1996 and 25,000,000 shares in 1995 authorized; 23,914,151 shares in 1996 and 4,211,926 shares in 1995 issued and outstanding 23,914 4,212 Additional paid-in capital 87,789,956 22,722,267 Deferred compensation (2,767,846) -- Notes receivable from officers (245,242) (266,681) Unrealized loss on marketable securities (18,318) -- Accumulated deficit (18,143,702) (9,375,711) - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total stockholders' equity 66,638,762 13,095,870 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 87,744,450 $25,104,850 ======================================================================================
31 9 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Statements of Operations
- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 1995 1994 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Revenue under strategic alliances $ 31,763,625 $22,880,000 $ 7,962,500 Costs and expenses: Research and development 34,803,256 17,838,260 10,989,679 General and administrative 7,972,754 3,291,634 3,240,118 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42,776,010 21,129,894 14,229,797 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income (loss) from operations (11,012,385) 1,750,106 (6,267,297) Interest income 3,131,590 358,635 125,599 Interest expense (887,196) (824,375) (230,756) - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (loss) $ (8,767,991) $ 1,284,366 $(6,372,454) ============================================================================================ Pro forma net income (loss) per share $ (0.39) $ 0.07 ============================================================================================ Shares used in computing pro forma net income (loss) per share 22,286,711 19,150,695
10 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Statements of Cash Flows
- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 1995 1994 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- OPERATING ACTIVITIES Net income (loss) $ (8,767,991) $ 1,284,366 $(6,372,454) Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 3,866,698 1,726,074 763,165 Loss on asset disposal 199,028 -- -- Amortized interest income (280,002) -- -- Stock compensation 794,717 -- -- Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other current assets (1,817,907) (532,722) (108,280) Due from strategic partners (3,966,535) (1,463,333) -- Deposits and other assets (287,978) (17,784) (68,890) Accounts payable and accrued expenses 1,856,183 441,480 304,010 Deferred revenue 433,002 3,110,000 -- - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (7,970,785) 4,548,081 (5,482,449) INVESTING ACTIVITIES Purchase of property and equipment (3,209,644) (760,245) (39,763) Sale of marketable securities 52,595,227 1,171,729 989,517 Purchase of marketable securities (99,112,932) (8,432,013) -- - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (49,727,349) (8,020,529) 949,754 FINANCING ACTIVITIES Proceeds from sale of Common Stock and warrants 57,402,597 109,741 16,977 Proceeds from sale of Preferred Stock 3,499,992 10,250,000 3,750,000 Proceeds from employee stock purchases 656,649 -- -- Repurchase of Common Stock (3,688) (332) (96) Loan to officer (21,066) -- -- Proceeds from long-term debt -- -- 4,000,000 Payments on long-term debt (1,600,000) (933,333) -- Payments of capital lease obligations (2,734,308) (1,472,836) (768,025) - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net cash provided by financing activities 57,200,176 7,953,240 6,998,856 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (497,958) 4,480,792 2,466,161 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 10,586,260 6,105,468 3,639,307 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 10,088,302 $10,586,260 $ 6,105,468 ================================================================================================== Non-cash investing and financing activities: Equipment acquired under capital leases $ 11,141,831 $ 2,215,180 $ 3,014,148 ==================================================================================================
33 11 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Statements of Stockholders' Equity
- - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance at January 1, 1994 8,450,000 $ 8,450 1,963,250 $ 1,963 $ 8,441,550 Issuance of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock 1,250,000 1,250 3,748,750 Issuance of Common Stock 1,095,632 1,096 15,881 Repurchase of Common Stock (95,602) (96) Net loss - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance at December 31, 1994 9,700,000 9,700 2,963,280 2,963 12,206,181 Issuance of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock 750,000 750 2,249,250 Issuance of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock 1,333,333 1,333 7,998,667 Issuance of Common Stock in exchange for note from officer 533,364 533 159,476 Issuance of Common Stock 1,047,543 1,048 108,693 Repurchase of Common Stock (332,261) (332) Net income - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance at December 31, 1995 11,783,333 11,783 4,211,926 4,212 22,722,267 Issuance of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock 388,888 389 3,499,603 Conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock to Common Stock (12,172,221) (12,172) 12,172,221 12,172 Issuance of Common Stock 5,175,000 5,175 57,097,422 Repurchase of Common Stock (342,818) (343) (3,345) Exercise of stock warrants 300,000 300 299,700 Employee stock purchases 2,343,197 2,343 654,306 Issuance of Common Stock in exchange for note from officer 54,625 55 32,720 Forgiveness of notes from officers Deferred stock compensation 3,487,283 Stock compensation earned Unrealized loss on marketable securities Net loss =========================================================================================================== Balance at December 31, 1996 -- $ -- 23,914,151 $23,914 $87,789,956 ===========================================================================================================
12 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Statements of Stockholders' Equity
- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DEFERRED NOTES UNREALIZED ACCUMULATED TOTAL COMPENSATION RECEIVABLE LOSS ON DEFICIT STOCKHOLDERS' FROM MARKETABLE EQUITY SHARES OFFICERS SECURITIES - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance at January 1, 1994 $ (4,287,623) $ 4,164,340 Issuance of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock 3,750,000 Issuance of Common Stock 16,977 Repurchase of Common Stock (96) Net loss (6,372,454) (6,372,454) - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance at December 31, 1994 (10,660,077) 1,558,767 Issuance of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock 2,250,000 Issuance of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock 8,000,000 Issuance of Common Stock in exchange for note from officer $(266,681) (106,672) Issuance of Common Stock 109,741 Repurchase of Common Stock (332) Net income 1,284,366 1,284,366 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance at December 31, 1995 (266,681) (9,375,711) 13,095,870 Issuance of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock 3,499,992 Conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock to Common Stock Issuance of Common Stock 57,102,597 Repurchase of Common Stock (3,688) Exercise of stock warrants 300,000 Employee stock purchases 656,649 Issuance of Common Stock in exchange for note from officer (53,841) (21,066) Forgiveness of notes from officers 75,280 75,280 Deferred stock compensation $(3,487,283) Stock compensation earned 719,437 719,437 Unrealized loss on marketable securities $(18,318) (18,318) Net loss (8,767,991) (8,767,991) ==================================================================================================================== Balance at December 31, 1996 $(2,767,846) $(245,242) $(18,318) $(18,143,702) $66,638,762 ====================================================================================================================
35 13 MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Notes to Financial Statements December 31, 1996 [1] BASIS OF PRESENTATION The Company The Company was incorporated in January 1993, and has devoted substantially all of its resources to the development and application of genetics, genomics and bioinformatics technologies used to identify the genes responsible for major diseases, as well as comprehensive technologies to elucidate the role of these genes in disease initiation and progression. Risks and Uncertainties The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. [2] SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities Cash equivalents consist principally of money market funds and corporate bonds with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. Cash equivalents and marketable securities at December 31, 1996 and 1995 are classified as available-for-sale. The estimated fair value of cash equivalents is equal to the cost of the securities and, due to the nature of these securities, there are no unrealized gains or losses at the balance sheet date. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company's cash equivalents and marketable securities are held by high-credit quality financial institutions. By policy, the Company limits the credit exposure to any one financial institution. At December 31, 1996, the Company had no significant concentrations of credit risk. Property and Equipment Equipment consists principally of assets held under capitalized leases and is stated at the present value of future minimum lease obligations. Depreciation is recorded over the shorter of the estimated useful life or the term of the lease using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and are amortized over the remaining life of the building lease. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue under strategic alliances as reimbursable expenses are incurred, certain milestones are achieved or license fees are earned. Stock-Based Compensation The Company has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" (APB 25) in accounting for its stock-based compensation plans, rather than the alternative fair value accounting method provided for under Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," as this alternative requires the use of option valuation models that were not developed for use in valuing employee stock options. Under APB 25, when the exercise price of options granted under these plans equals the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant, no compensation expense is required. Accounting Pronouncement In March 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 121, "Accounting for Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of," which establishes criteria for the recognition and measurement of impairment loss associated with long-lived assets. The Company adopted Statement No. 121 in the first quarter of 1996. The adoption of this Statement had no impact on the financial position or results of operations of the Company as no indicators of impairment currently exist. 14 Income Taxes The liability method is used to account for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as net operating loss carryforwards and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences reverse. Deferred tax assets may be reduced by a valuation allowance to reflect the uncertainty associated with their ultimate realization. Pro Forma Net Income Per Share Pro forma net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of Common Stock and Common Stock equivalents, assuming conversion of Series A, B, C and D Convertible Preferred Stock into Common Stock (as of their original date of issuance), which occurred upon completion of the Company's initial public offering in May 1996 and the exercise of stock options and warrants (using the treasury stock method). Common Stock equivalents are excluded from the computation when their effect is anti-dilutive; however, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, Common Stock equivalent shares relating to stock options and warrants (using the treasury stock method and an initial public offering price of $12.00 per share) and Convertible Preferred Stock issued during the twelve-month period prior to the initial public offering are included for all periods prior to the initial public offering whether or not they are anti-dilutive. Historical earnings per share have not been presented because such amounts are not meaningful due to the significant change in the Company's capital structure that occurred in connection with the Company's initial public offering. [3] MARKETABLE SECURITIES Marketable securities consist of high-grade corporate bonds, which are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported in a separate component of stockholders' equity. At December 31, 1995, the estimated fair value of these securities were equal to their cost and all such securities had a maturity of less than one year. At December 31, 1996 these securities had a cost of $53,777,989, and an estimated fair value of $53,759,671, resulting in gross unrealized gains of $11,666 and gross unrealized losses of $29,984. There have been no realized gains or losses on sales of any securities in 1996, 1995, or 1994. The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at December 31, 1996, by contractual maturity, are shown below. - - -------------------------------------------------------------
COST ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE - - ------------------------------------------------------------- Due in one year or less $43,636,511 $43,639,049 Due in one year to two years 10,141,478 10,120,622 - - ------------------------------------------------------------- $53,777,989 $53,759,671 =============================================================
[4] DUE FROM STRATEGIC PARTNERS Included in Due from Strategic Partners is a $2,000,000 noninterest-bearing receivable, due no later than December 31, 1997, in consideration for certain rights granted under a licensing arrangement with Astra AB (see Note 9). Using the Company's long-term borrowing rate, the receivable has been recorded net of $560,000 of deferred interest income. Interest is being amortized using the effective interest rate method. [5] PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Property and equipment consists of the following at December 31:
- - ----------------------------------------------------------- 1996 1995 - - ----------------------------------------------------------- Equipment $18,826,846 $7,239,113 Leasehold improvements 2,468,688 254,131 - - ----------------------------------------------------------- 21,295,534 7,493,244 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization 6,104,257 2,587,716 - - ----------------------------------------------------------- $15,191,277 $4,905,528 ===========================================================
37 15 [6] LONG-TERM DEBT On December 1, 1994, the Company borrowed $4,000,000 from a corporate lender secured by all owned assets of the Company. Interest accrues at 16.05%. Monthly principal payments of $133,333 commenced on June 30, 1995 and are due through November 30, 1997. Accordingly, principal payments of $1,466,667 are due in 1997. The fair value of long-term debt approximates its carrying value based upon current interest rates as compared to rates in effect at the time of the borrowing. [7] LEASES The Company conducts the majority of its operations in leased facilities with leased equipment. At December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively, the Company has capitalized leased equipment totaling $17,325,151 and $6,469,921 and related accumulated amortization of $5,955,465 and $2,538,860. The Company leases its laboratory and office space under an operating lease agreement with a fixed term of ten years and a five-year renewal option. In addition to the minimum lease commitments, the agreement requires payment of the Company's pro rata share of property taxes and building operating expenses. In 1996, the Company entered into a two-year lease, effective March 1, 1997, for additional laboratory space with annual rent of approximately $1,594,000 exclusive of occupancy expenses. At December 31, 1996, future minimum commitments under leases with noncancelable terms of more than one year are as follows: - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------
YEAR CAPITAL OPERATING LEASES LEASES - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1997 $ 4,160,000 $ 3,236,000 1998 3,573,000 3,696,000 1999 3,196,000 2,271,000 2000 2,182,000 2,005,000 2001 1,598,000 2,005,000 Thereafter -- 4,011,000 - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total $14,709,000 $17,224,000 ========================================================================= Less amount representing interest 2,159,000 - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Present value of minimum lease payments 12,550,000 Less current portion of capital lease obligations 3,242,000 - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Capital lease obligations $9,308,000 =========================================================================
Total rent expense was $2,415,000 in 1996, $1,453,000 in 1995 and $1,591,000 in 1994. Sublease rental income in the amounts of $391,000 and $228,000 was recorded in 1995 and 1994, respectively. Interest paid under all financing and leasing arrangements during 1996, 1995 and 1994 approximated interest expense. [8] STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Preferred Stock On February 1, 1996, the Company issued 388,888 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock at $9.00 per share and received net proceeds of $3.5 million. The rights and privileges of the Series D stock were substantially consistent with previously issued convertible preferred stock series. In connection with the Company's initial public offering in May 1996, all shares of Series A, B, C, and D Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding as of March 1, 1996 were automatically converted into 12,172,221 shares of Common Stock reserved for such conversion. Subsequently, the Board of Directors authorized an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value, issuable in one or more series, each of such series to have such rights and preferences, including 16 voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, as shall be determined by the Board of Directors. Common Stock Common Stockholders have full voting rights. Dividends and liquidation rights of Common Stock are subordinated to those of all series of Preferred Stock. On March 14, 1996, the Board of Directors voted to increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock to 100,000,000. In May 1996, the Company completed an initial public offering of 5,175,000 shares of Common Stock at $12.00 per share. The Company received proceeds, net of underwriting discounts and offering costs, of approximately $57,103,000. The proceeds of the offering are being used for research and development, working capital and general corporate purposes. In connection with the issuance of Common Stock to certain consultants, the Company has entered into stock purchase agreements that provide that, in the event of the voluntary or involuntary termination of the consultants' services, the Company has an irrevocable, exclusive option during the 90-day period following termination to repurchase, at the original purchase price, all or any portion of the shares which have not been released from escrow. In March 1996, the Company repurchased 327,946 shares of common stock, at their original issue price of $0.001 per share, pursuant to an amendment to a stock purchase agreement with one of its consultants. At December 31, 1996, 130,299 shares of Common Stock remain in escrow and are subject to the Company's repurchase option. Common Stock Warrants At December 31, 1996, the Company has outstanding warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock as follows:
- - ------------------------------------------- SHARES EXERCISE EXPIRATION PRICE - - ------------------------------------------- 117,500 $1.00 2003 90,604 $2.98 2004 233,333 $3.00 2004 35,416 $5.62 2002 44,000 $6.00 2003 ------- 520,853 -------
All warrants are exercisable at December 31, 1996. Stock Option Plans The 1993 Incentive Stock Plan (the 1993 Plan) allows for the granting of incentive and nonstatutory options to purchase up to 5,400,000 shares of Common Stock. Incentive options granted to employees generally vest over a four-year period. Nonstatutory options granted to consultants and other nonemployees generally vest over the period of service to the Company. In December 1995, the Company amended the terms of outstanding option agreements to allow option holders the right to immediately exercise outstanding options, with the subsequent share issuances being subject to a repurchase option by the Company under certain conditions according to the original vesting schedule and exercise price. At December 31, 1996, 1,655,327 shares issued under the 1993 Plan are subject to the Company's repurchase option. On March 14, 1996, the Board of Directors adopted the 1996 Equity Incentive Plan (the 1996 Plan) to effectively succeed the 1993 Plan. The terms and conditions of the 1996 Plan are substantially consistent with those of the 1993 Plan and provide for the granting of options to purchase 2,100,000 shares of Common Stock. On March 14, 1996, the 1996 Director Option Plan (the Director Plan) and the 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the Stock Purchase Plan) were also adopted by the Board of Directors. The Director Plan provided that each then eligible non-employee director be granted a nonstatutory option to purchase 20,000 shares of Common Stock. Thereafter, each new non-employee director will be granted a nonstatutory option to purchase 30,000 shares of Common Stock upon election to the Board of Directors. Upon completion of the vesting of each option grant under the Director Plan, each non-employee director will be granted a new nonstatutory option to purchase 20,000 shares of Common Stock. All options will be issued at the then fair market value of the Common Stock, vest ratably over four years and expire ten years after date of grant. A total of 250,000 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for issuance under the Director Plan. During 1996, options to purchase 100,000 shares of Common Stock were granted under the Director Plan at $19.25 per share, 14,600 of which were exercisable at December 31, 1996. 39 17 Under the Stock Purchase Plan, eligible employees may purchase Common Stock at a price per share equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Common Stock at the beginning or end of each offering period. Participation in the offering is limited to 10% of the employee's compensation or $25,000 in any calendar year. The first offering period commenced on October 1, 1996. A total of 350,000 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for issuance under the Purchase Plan. At December 31, 1996, subscriptions were outstanding for an estimated 21,000 shares at $16.68 per share. Upon employment in 1994, the chief executive officer was granted an option to purchase 533,364 shares of Common Stock for $0.30 per share. In connection therewith, the Company agreed to loan the officer up to $266,681 at 7% per annum, upon exercise of the option. In November 1995, the officer exercised this option and was issued the Common Stock, subject to a repurchase option by the Company that lapses over four years. The resulting loan, secured by a pledge of all shares issued under the option, and related interest, will be forgiven ratably over 48 months subject to the officer's continued employment. During 1995 and 1996, the Company granted options to purchase 1,580,682 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices below the deemed fair value for accounting purposes of the stock options at the date of grant. The Company recorded an increase to additional paid-in capital and a corresponding charge to deferred compensation in the amount of approximately $3,500,000 to recognize the aggregate difference between such deemed fair value and the exercise price. The deferred compensation is being amortized over the option vesting period of four years. The following table presents the combined activity of the three plans for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995, and 1994:
- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1996 1995 1994 ------------------- ------------------ ---------------------- SHARES EXERCISE SHARES EXERCISE SHARES EXERCISE PRICE(A) PRICE(A) PRICE(A) - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Outstanding at January 1 2,724,261 $ .24 3,134,529 $.14 567,269 $.001-.10 Granted 2,497,958 10.23 1,349,974 36 2,804,542 Exercised (2,398,265) 29 (1,580,907) 17 (190,433) Canceled (61,798) 2.42 (179,335) 10 (46,849) - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Outstanding at December 31 2,762,156 $ 9.19 2,724,261 $.24 3,134,529 $.001-.30 Options exercisable at December 31 1,251,982 $ 1.78 2,148,851 $.24 =======================================================================================================
(a)The exercise prices for 1996 and 1995 activity are weighted average prices; the exercise prices for 1994 acitivity are ranges of actual prices. The weighted average per share fair value of options granted during 1996 and 1995 was $6.01 and $0.16, respectively. The following table presents weighted average price and life information about significant option groups outstanding at December 31, 1996:
- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE - - --------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- WEIGHTED WEIGHTED WEIGHTED AVERAGE REMAINING AVERAGE AVERAGE RANGE OF CONTRACTUAL EXERCISE EXERCISE EXERCISE PRICES NUMBER LIFE(YRS) PRICE NUMBER PRICE - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 001-$.30 496,841 7.94 $ .21 496,841 $ .21 $ 45-$3.60 693,253 9.10 $ 1.76 692,334 $ 1.75 $ 6.00-$10.00 264,092 9.29 $ 7.43 20,477 $ 7.89 $12.00-$15.75 484,940 9.62 $15.10 19,425 $15.68 $16.50-$18.75 608,855 9.87 $17.39 5,794 $17.73 $19.00-$22.13 214,175 9.55 $19.53 17,111 $19.64 --------- --------- 2,762,156 9.20 $ 9.19 1,251,982 $ 1.78
18 At December 31, 1996, 4,109,383 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance upon exercise of stock options and warrants. FAS 123 Disclosures The Company has adopted the disclosure provisions only of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-based Compensation ("FAS 123") for employees and Directors, and will continue to account for its stock option and purchase plans in accordance with the provisions of APB 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. Pursuant to the requirements of FAS 123, the following are the pro forma net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share for 1996 and 1995 as if the compensation cost for the stock option and stock purchase plans had been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for grants in 1996 and 1995:
- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1996 1995 ---------------------------- ---------------------- AS PRO AS PRO REPORTED FORMA REPORTED FORMA - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (loss) $(8,767,991) $(12,096,249) $1,284,366 $1,250,260 Net income (loss) per share $ (0.39) $ (0.54) $ 0.07 $ 0.07
The fair value of stock options and common shares issued pursuant to the Stock Purchase Plan at the date of grant were estimated using the Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions:
- - ------------------------------------------------------------ OPTIONS STOCK PURCHASE PLAN ---------------- ------------------- 1996 1995 1996 1995 - - ------------------------------------------------------------ Expected life 3.7 2.4 5 n/a (years) Interest rate 5.94% 6.19% 6.14% n/a Volatility .7 .7 .7 n/a
The Company has never declared dividends on any of its capital stock and does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future. The effects on 1995 and 1996 pro forma net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share of expensing the estimated fair value of stock options and common shares issued pursuant to the Stock Purchase Plan are not necessarily representative of the effects on reported results of operations for future years as the periods presented include only one and two years, respectively, of option grants under the Company's plans. [9] STRATEGIC ALLIANCES In July 1996, the Company entered into a strategic alliance with American Home Products Corporation ("AHP") to discover and develop targets and assays to identify and develop small molecule drugs and vaccines for treatment and prevention of disorders of the central nervous system. The alliance became effective August 1, 1996. Payments by AHP to the Company for up-front fees and research funding could total up to approximately $90.0 million if the research program continues for its full seven year period and the Company achieves specified research objectives. In the event that specified research, product development and associated regulatory milestones are achieved, AHP will be obligated to make milestone payments to the Company. If certain specified research objectives are not met, AHP may terminate the agreement after three years or five years. In December 1995, the Company entered into a strategic alliance with Astra AB in the field of inflammatory respiratory diseases. After three years, Astra has the option to continue the strategic alliance through the fifth year, or extend the agreement through seven years. Under the terms of the strategic alliance, Astra has agreed to provide up to approximately $53.3 million in up-front, follow-on and research payments over a five-year period, as well as additional payments upon the achievement of specific research and product development milestones. Astra received a license to manufacture, use and sell agreed-upon licensed products in exchange for royalty payments to the Company. In October 1995, the Company entered into a strategic alliance with Eli Lilly and Company ("Lilly") in the field of atherosclerosis. Under the terms of the agreement, Lilly purchased $8 million of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, subsequently converted into 1,333,333 shares of Common Stock. As of December 31, 1995, the Company had deferred a $2.75 million payment Lilly made for an option to fund research in other fields. Effective March 1996, Lilly exercised this option to enter 41 19 into a strategic alliance in select areas of oncology and the Company recognized $2.75 million of revenue that had previously been deferred. Under the combined terms of these strategic alliances, Lilly has agreed to provide up to approximately $53.0 million in the form of up-front fees and research payments over a five-year period, as well as additional payments upon the achievement of specific research and product development milestones. Lilly received a license to manufacture, use and sell agreed-upon licensed products in exchange for royalty payments to the Company. If certain specified research objectives are not met, Lilly may terminate the agreements after three years. Moreover, the agreements may be voluntarily terminated by Lilly at any time after three years. In March 1994, the Company entered into a strategic alliance with Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. ("Roche") in the fields of obesity and type II diabetes. Under the terms of a related stock purchase agreement, an affiliate of Roche purchased $6 million of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, subsequently converted into 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock. Under the terms of the strategic alliance, Roche has agreed to provide up to approximately $44.5 million in the form of up-front fees and research payments over a five-year period, as well as additional payments upon the achievement of specific research and product development milestones. Roche received a license to manufacture, use and sell agreed-upon licensed products in exchange for royalty and/or profit-sharing payments to the Company. [10] INCOME TAXES In 1996 and 1994, the Company incurred net losses and, due to the degree of uncertainty related to the ultimate use of the loss carryforwards, fully reserved this tax benefit. In 1995, the Company utilized $515,000 of the 1994 tax benefit to offset that year's tax provision. At December 31, 1996, the Company has unused net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $16,596,000 available to reduce federal and state taxable income, and research and development tax credits of approximately $2,342,000 available to offset federal income taxes, both which expire through 2011. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets as of December 31 are as follows:
- - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1996 1995 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- Net operating loss carryforward $ 6,709,000 $ 3,750,000 Research and development tax credit carryforward 2,342,000 1,673,000 Other 598,000 569,000 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- Total deferred tax assets 9,649,000 5,992,000 Valuation allowance $(9,649,000) $(5,992,000) - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- Net deferred tax assets $ -- $ -- ================================================================
The valuation allowance increased by $3,657,000 and $965,000 during 1996 and 1995, respectively, due primarily to the increase in net operating losses and research and development tax credits. [11] SUBSEQUENT EVENT On February 10, 1997, the Company completed a merger with ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. (ChemGenics). The transaction will be recorded as a purchase for accounting purposes. The Company issued approximately 4,800,000 shares of Common Stock in exchange for all outstanding shares of common stock of ChemGenics. In addition, a principal shareholder of ChemGenics received $4,000,000 in settlement of a promissory note and repurchase of warrants previously issued by ChemGenics.
EX-21 19 LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES 1 EXHIBIT 21 SUBSIDIARIES OF MILLENNIUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Name of Subsidiary Jurisdiction of Organization ------------------ ---------------------------- ChemGenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. Delaware EX-23 20 CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS 1 EXHIBIT 23 CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG, LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. of our report dated January 31, 1997, except for Note 11, as to which the date is February 10, 1997, included in the 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. We also consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements (Form S-8 No. 333-15355), pertaining to the 1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan, (Form S-8 No. 333-15353), pertaining to the 1996 Equity Incentive Plan, (Form S-8 No. 333-15349), pertaining to the 1996 Director Option Plan and (Form S-8 No. 333-15357), pertaining to the 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. of our report dated January 31, 1997, except for Note 11, as to which the date is February 10, 1997, with respect to the financial statements of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. incorporated herein by reference in the Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 1996. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP ---------------------- Ernst & Young LLP Boston, Massachusetts March 25, 1997 EX-27 21 FINANCIAL DATA SCHEDULE WARNING: THE EDGAR SYSTEM ENCOUNTERED ERROR(S) WHILE PROCESSING THIS SCHEDULE. EXHIBIT 27
5 YEAR DEC-31-1996 JAN-01-1996 DEC-31-1996 10,088,302 53,759,671 5,709,870 0 0 72,070,513 21,295,534 6,104,257 87,744,450 11,797,416 0 0 0 23,914 66,614,848 87,744,450 0 31,763,625 0 42,776,010 0 0 887,196 (8,767,991) 0 (8,767,991) 0 0 0 (8,767,991) (0.39) (0.39)
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