Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

The components of income (loss) before income taxes are as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2017
Domestic	$	(15,102	)	$	(198,525	)	$	(245,636	)
Foreign	40,846			(48,699		)	90,966
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	25,744		$	(247,224	)	$	(154,670	)

Components of Benefit from Income Taxes

The components of the (benefit) provision for income taxes are as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2017
Current:
Federal	$	11,294		$	1,542		$	(5,856	)
State	1,020			(198		)	1,105
Foreign	22,855			23,177			23,196
Total current	35,169			24,521			18,445
Deferred:
Federal	(10,931		)	(83,319		)	7,291
State	1,477			2,302			1,133
Foreign	(114,309		)	(5,824		)	(3,198		)
Total deferred	(123,763		)	(86,841		)	5,226
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	$	(88,594	)	$	(62,320	)	$	23,671
Effective income tax rate	(344.1		)%	25.2		%	(15.3		)%

Reconciliation of Effective Tax Rate to Statutory Federal Rate

The (benefit) provision for income taxes differed from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory rate to our income tax before income taxes as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2017
Federal tax provision (benefit) at statutory rate	$	5,407		$	(60,647	)	$	(54,138	)
State tax provision, net of federal benefit	2,175			1,096			1,858
Foreign tax rate and other foreign related tax items	(1,341		)	(10,695		)	(15,768		)
Stock-based compensation	3,368			3,290			6,934
Non-deductible expenditures	8,389			2,375			3,086
Change in U.S. and foreign valuation allowance	168,726			56,557			72,318
Capital losses	(187,822		)	—			—
Intangible property transfers	(171,040		)	—			—
Uncertain tax positions	61,339			4,782			3,111
Global intangible low-taxed income	7,460			—			—
Base erosion and anti-abuse tax	11,216			—			—
TCJA impact	—			(87,058		)	—
Goodwill impairment	—			28,640			—
Executive compensation	1,662			503			5,492
Other	1,867			(1,163		)	778
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	$	(88,594	)	$	(62,320	)	$	23,671

Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities)

Deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2019			September 30, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	166,224		$	192,017
Capital loss carryforwards	188,320			—
Federal and state credit carryforwards	43,897			46,721
Accrued expenses and other reserves	33,150			41,371
Difference in timing of revenue related items	24,832			81,647
Deferred compensation	22,917			19,315
Other	11,579			13,802
Total deferred tax assets	490,919			394,873
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets	(303,378		)	(183,295		)
Net deferred tax assets	187,541			211,578
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation	(16,833		)	(15,729		)
Convertible debt	(87,046		)	(92,452		)
Acquired intangibles	(7,517		)	(131,959		)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	76,145		$	(28,562	)
Reported as:
Other assets	$	130,361		$	21,369
Long-term deferred tax liabilities	(54,216		)	(49,931		)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	76,145		$	(28,562	)

Aggregate Changes in Balance of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The aggregate changes in the balance of our gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Balance at the beginning of the year	$	29,456		$	33,245
Increases related to tax positions from prior fiscal years	—			1,590
Decreases related to tax positions from prior fiscal years	—			(2,281		)
Increases for tax positions taken during current period	60,225			1,709
Decreases for tax settlements and lapse in statutes	(1,803		)	(4,083		)
Cumulative translation adjustments	(2,291		)	(724		)
Balance at the end of the year	$	85,587		$	29,456