Derivative Instruments

The Company manages its exposure to various risks relating to its ongoing business operations according to a risk management policy. The primary risks managed with derivative instruments are interest rate risk and foreign exchange risk.

The Company’s derivative positions measured at fair value are summarized in the following tables:



	As of March 31, 2018
	Current Assets			Other Assets			Other Current Liabilities			Other Long- Term Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedges
Foreign exchange	$	107		$	308		$	(281	)	$	(282	)
Interest rate	—			—			(260		)	—
Other	8			2			—			—
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Foreign exchange	25			18			(86		)	(39		)
Interest rate	—			—			—			(36		)
Gross fair value of derivatives	140			328			(627		)	(357		)
Counterparty netting	(125		)	(324		)	206			243
Cash collateral (received)/paid	(10		)	—			261			—
Net derivative positions	$	5		$	4		$	(160	)	$	(114	)



	As of September 30, 2017
	Current Assets			Other Assets			Other Current Liabilities			Other Long- Term Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedges
Foreign exchange	$	175		$	190		$	(192	)	$	(170	)
Interest rate	—			10			(106		)	—
Other	6			2			—			—
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Foreign exchange	38			—			(46		)	(19		)
Interest rate	—			—			—			(16		)
Gross fair value of derivatives	219			202			(344		)	(205		)
Counterparty netting	(142		)	(190		)	188			144
Cash collateral (received)/paid	(20		)	(7		)	19			—
Net derivative positions	$	57		$	5		$	(137	)	$	(61	)

Interest Rate Risk Management

The Company is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes primarily through its borrowing activities. The Company’s objective is to mitigate the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and on the market value of its borrowings. In accordance with its policy, the Company targets its fixed-rate debt as a percentage of its net debt between a minimum and maximum percentage. The Company primarily uses pay-floating and pay-fixed interest rate swaps to facilitate its interest rate risk management activities.

The Company designates pay-floating interest rate swaps as fair value hedges of fixed-rate borrowings effectively converting fixed-rate borrowings to variable rate borrowings indexed to LIBOR. As of March 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017, the total notional amount of the Company’s pay-floating interest rate swaps was $7.8 billion and $8.2 billion, respectively. The following table summarizes adjustments related to fair value hedges included in “Interest expense, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.



	Quarter Ended						Six Months Ended
	March 31, 2018			April 1, 2017			March 31, 2018			April 1, 2017
Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps	$	(102	)	$	(10	)	$	(166	)	$	(242	)
Gain (loss) on hedged borrowings	102			10			166			242

In addition, during the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2018, the Company realized net benefits of zero and $7 million, respectively in “Interest expense, net” related to pay-floating interest rate swaps. During the quarter and six months ended April 1, 2017, the Company realized net benefits of $10 million and $22 million, respectively in “Interest expense, net” related to pay-floating interest rate swaps.

The Company may designate pay-fixed interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges of interest payments on floating-rate borrowings. Pay-fixed swaps effectively convert floating-rate borrowings to fixed-rate borrowings. The unrealized gains or losses from these cash flow hedges are deferred in AOCI and recognized in interest expense as the interest payments occur. The Company did not have pay-fixed interest rate swaps that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest payments at March 31, 2018 or at September 30, 2017, and gains and losses related to pay-fixed swaps recognized in earnings for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 were not material.

To facilitate its interest rate risk management activities, the Company sold options in November 2016 and October 2017 to enter into a future pay-floating interest rate swaps indexed to LIBOR for $1.0 billion in future borrowings. The fair values of these contracts as of March 31, 2018 were not material. In April 2018, the Company sold additional options for $1.0 billion in future borrowings with similar terms. The options are not designated as hedges and do not qualify for hedge accounting; accordingly, changes in their fair value are recorded in earnings.

Foreign Exchange Risk Management

The Company transacts business globally and is subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates. The Company’s objective is to reduce earnings and cash flow fluctuations associated with foreign currency exchange rate changes, enabling management to focus on core business issues and challenges.

The Company enters into option and forward contracts that change in value as foreign currency exchange rates change to protect the value of its existing foreign currency assets, liabilities, firm commitments and forecasted but not firmly committed foreign currency transactions. In accordance with policy, the Company hedges its forecasted foreign currency transactions for periods generally not to exceed four years within an established minimum and maximum range of annual exposure. The gains and losses on these contracts offset changes in the U.S. dollar equivalent value of the related forecasted transaction, asset, liability or firm commitment. The principal currencies hedged are the euro, Japanese yen, Canadian dollar and British pound. Cross-currency swaps are used to effectively convert foreign currency denominated borrowings into U.S. dollar denominated borrowings.

The Company designates foreign exchange forward and option contracts as cash flow hedges of firmly committed and forecasted foreign currency transactions. As of March 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017, the notional amounts of the Company’s net foreign exchange cash flow hedges were $6.8 billion and $6.3 billion, respectively. Mark-to-market gains and losses on these contracts are deferred in AOCI and are recognized in earnings when the hedged transactions occur, offsetting changes in the value of the foreign currency transactions. Gains and losses recognized related to ineffectiveness for the six months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 were not material. Net deferred losses recorded in AOCI for contracts that will mature in the next twelve months totaled $199 million.

Foreign exchange risk management contracts with respect to foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are not designated as hedges and do not qualify for hedge accounting. The notional amounts of these foreign exchange contracts at March 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017 were $3.3 billion and $3.6 billion, respectively. The following table summarizes the net foreign exchange gains or losses recognized on foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities and the net foreign exchange gains or losses on the foreign exchange contracts we entered into to mitigate our exposure with respect to foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 by the corresponding line item in which they are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:



	Costs and Expenses						Interest expense, net						Income Tax expense
Quarter Ended:	March 31, 2018			April 1, 2017			March 31, 2018			April 1, 2017			March 31, 2018			April 1, 2017
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities	$	64		$	110		$	24		$	(3	)	$	(15	)	$	(11	)
Net gains (losses) on foreign exchange risk management contracts not designated as hedges	(77		)	(103		)	(27		)	3			17			14
Net gains (losses)	$	(13	)	$	7		$	(3	)	$	—		$	2		$	3

Six Months Ended:
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities	$	81		$	(123	)	$	27		$	4		$	(12	)	$	12
Net gains (losses) on foreign exchange risk management contracts not designated as hedges	(91		)	118			(28		)	(4		)	16			(17		)
Net gains (losses)	$	(10	)	$	(5	)	$	(1	)	$	—		$	4		$	(5	)

Commodity Price Risk Management

The Company is subject to the volatility of commodities prices and the Company designates certain commodity forward contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted commodity purchases. Mark-to-market gains and losses on these contracts are deferred in AOCI and are recognized in earnings when the hedged transactions occur, offsetting changes in the value of commodity purchases. The notional amount of these commodities contracts at March 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017 and related gains or losses recognized in earnings for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 were not material.

Risk Management – Other Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges

The Company enters into certain other risk management contracts that are not designated as hedges and do not qualify for hedge accounting. These contracts, which include certain swap contracts, are intended to offset economic exposures of the Company and are carried at market value with any changes in value recorded in earnings. The notional amount and fair value of these contracts at March 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017 were not material. The related gains or losses recognized in earnings for the quarter and six months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 were not material.

Contingent Features and Cash Collateral

The Company has master netting arrangements by counterparty with respect to certain derivative financial instrument contracts. The Company may be required to post collateral in the event that a net liability position with a counterparty exceeds limits defined by contract and that vary with the Company’s credit rating. In addition, these contracts may require a counterparty to post collateral to the Company in the event that a net receivable position with a counterparty exceeds limits defined by contract and that vary with the counterparty’s credit rating. If the Company’s or the counterparty’s credit ratings were to fall below investment grade, such counterparties or the Company would also have the right to terminate our derivative contracts, which could lead to a net payment to or from the Company for the aggregate net value by counterparty of our derivative contracts. The aggregate fair values of derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features in a net liability position by counterparty were $535 million and $217 million on March 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017, respectively.