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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to .
Commission file number 001-42486
Logo.gif
VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware95-3539083
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
1001 19th Street North, Suite 1500
Arlington, Virginia 22209
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(202) 759-6740
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading SymbolName of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Class A common stock, $ 0.01 par valueVGNew York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company
Non-accelerated filer ☒ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
As of May 2, 2025, the number of shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding was 451,257,010, and the number of shares of the registrant’s Class B common stock outstanding was 1,968,604,458.




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Table of contents
GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, as used in this Form 10-Q:

AOCL means accumulated other comprehensive loss;
Calcasieu Pass Credit Facilities means project financing obtained by VGCP consisting of a construction term loan, or the Calcasieu Pass Construction Term Loan, and a working capital facility, or the Calcasieu Pass Working Capital Facility;
Calcasieu Funding means Calcasieu Pass Funding, LLC;
Calcasieu Holdings means Calcasieu Pass Holdings, LLC;
Class A common stock means our Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, entitled to one vote per share;
Class B common stock means our Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, entitled to ten votes per share;
COD means the commercial operations date, which is the first day of commercial operations at a project or a phase of a project, as applicable, as specifically defined in the relevant post-COD SPAs, and which does not occur unless and until: (i) all of the facilities comprising the relevant project, or phase thereof, have been completed and commissioned, including any ramp up period, (ii) the project or phase thereof is capable of delivering LNG in sufficient quantities and necessary quality to perform all of its obligations under such post-COD SPAs, and (iii) the applicable project company has notified the customer under the post-COD SPAs;
CODM means our chief operating decision maker, who is our Chief Executive Officer;
commercial operations means the production period commencing after the occurrence of COD at a project or a phase of a project, as applicable;
commissioning or commissioning phase means, with respect to our LNG projects, the phase of development where our facilities undergo certain required performance and reliability testing, which includes (i) the sequential start-up and testing of certain key equipment (e.g., liquefaction trains) as it is installed during construction and (ii) the testing and tuning of the full integrated LNG project after all key equipment and modules have passed their individual performance tests;
commissioning cargos means the LNG cargos produced by us during the commissioning phase of an LNG project, which commences once a project produces its first quantities of LNG and ends once a project, or phase thereof, achieves COD. Proceeds from the sale of commissioning cargos are recognized in our financial statements as a reduction to the cost basis of construction in progress until assets are placed in service from an accounting perspective, the timing of which may differ from COD. After assets are placed in service from an accounting perspective, the proceeds are recognized through revenue;
Company, we, our, us or similar terms mean Venture Global, Inc. and its subsidiaries, collectively;
Commodity fees means the volume weighted average portion of the fees associated with LNG sold during a relevant period indexed to Henry Hub;
CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units means the nine million redeemable preferred units issued by Calcasieu Funding;
CP Holdings Convertible Preferred Units means the four million convertible preferred units issued by Calcasieu Holdings;
CP2 means Venture Global CP2 LNG, LLC;
CP2 Procurement means CP2 Procurement, LLC;
CP3 means Venture Global CP3 LNG, LLC;
CP Express means Venture Global CP Express, LLC;
Delta means Venture Global Delta LNG, LLC;
DOE means the United States Department of Energy;
DS&S means our direct sales and shipping business through VG Commodities;
EIS means Environmental Impact Statement;
FID means the final investment decision with respect to the development of a project or a phase thereof, which, with respect to an LNG project, requires that the project has secured (i) all of the debt and equity financing arrangements necessary to fully construct, commission, and operate such project or phase thereof and (ii) all of the necessary permits to construct, operate, and export LNG;


1

Table of contents
Fixed liquefaction fee means the volume weighted average of the fixed liquefaction fees associated with LNG sold during a relevant period, excluding variable commodity fees;
FERC means the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission;
FTA means a free trade agreement;
GAAP means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America;
Gator Express means Venture Global Gator Express, LLC;
Henry Hub means the final settlement price (in $ per MMBtu) for the New York Mercantile Exchange’s Henry Hub natural gas futures contract for the month in which a relevant cargo’s delivery window is scheduled to begin;
IPO means our initial public offering of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, that we completed on January 27, 2025;
IPO Grants means the Company's grant of stock options in January 2025 to purchase Class A common stock to certain of its employees in connection with the IPO;
Kagami 1 means Project Kagami 1 Limited;
Kagami 2 means Project Kagami 2 Limited;
Kagami Companies means Kagami 1 and Kagami 2, jointly;
liquefaction train or train means a liquefaction production unit that cools natural gas to a liquid state;
LNG means liquefied natural gas, or methane, supercooled to -260°F and converted into a liquid state, which reduces it to 1/600th of its original volume, enabling large quantities of natural gas to be loaded and shipped by LNG tankers;
LNG Commissioning Sales Agreements means short-term sales agreements under which commissioning cargos are sold at prevailing market prices when executed;
LNG volumes exported means LNG volumes that departed our LNG facilities;
LNG volumes sold means LNG delivered to customers and recognized in results of operations;
MMBtu means million British thermal units;
nameplate capacity means, unless the context otherwise requires, the conservative measure of LNG production capability, based on vendor guaranteed LNG output of each of our facilities;
natural gas means any hydrocarbons that are gaseous at standard temperature and pressure;
natural gas supply contracts means natural gas forward purchase contracts for the supply of feed gas to the Calcasieu Project and the Plaquemines Project;
Omnibus Incentive Plan means the Venture Global, Inc. 2025 Omnibus Incentive plan;
NPNS means normal purchase and normal sale;
Plaquemines Credit Facilities means project financing obtained by VGPL consisting of a term loan facility, or the Plaquemines Construction Term Loan, and a working capital revolving facility, or the Plaquemines Working Capital Facility;
post-COD SPA means an SPA for the sale and purchase of LNG after COD has occurred for a particular project or phase thereof;
regasification means the process of heating LNG to convert it from a liquid to gaseous state after the LNG is offloaded from an LNG carrier;
SEC means the Securities and Exchange Commission;
SPA means LNG sales and purchase agreement;
Stock Split means the approximately 4,520.3317-for-one forward stock split of our Class A common stock, which we effected in connection with our IPO;
SOFR means the U.S. Secured Overnight Financing Rate;
Test LNG sales means proceeds from the sale of test LNG generated during the early commissioning of an LNG project;
TBtu means trillion British thermal units;
TCP means TransCameron Pipeline, LLC;
Venture Global means Venture Global, Inc., but not its subsidiaries;
VG Commodities means Venture Global Commodities, LLC;
VG Partners means Venture Global Partners II, LLC, our controlling shareholder;
VGCP means Venture Global Calcasieu Pass, LLC;
VGCP Senior Secured Notes means the VGCP 2029 Notes, VGCP 2030 Notes, VGCP 2031 Notes, and VGCP 2033 Notes;


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VGLNG or Venture Global LNG means Venture Global LNG, Inc.;
VGLNG Senior Secured Notes means the VGLNG 2028 Notes, VGLNG 2029 Notes, VGLNG 2030 Notes, VGLNG 2031 Notes, and VGLNG 2032 Notes;
VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares means the three million shares of Series A Fixed-Rate Reset Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock issued by VGLNG;
VGPL means Venture Global Plaquemines LNG, LLC;
VIE means variable interest entity; and
Weighted average price of LNG volumes sold means contracted spot and/or forward prices, generally consisting of a liquefaction fee and a commodity charge.


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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included herein are “forward-looking statements.” In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “project,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “pursue,” “target,” “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology.

These forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance, expectations regarding the development, construction, commissioning and completion of our projects, estimates of the cost of our projects and schedule to construct and commission our projects, our anticipated growth strategies and anticipated trends impacting our business. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Those factors include the following:

our potential inability to maintain profitability, maintain positive operating cash flow and ensure adequate liquidity in the future, including as a result of the significant uncertainty in our ability to generate proceeds and the amount of proceeds that will regularly be received from sales of uncontracted commissioning cargos and excess cargos due to volatility and variability in the LNG markets;
our need for significant additional capital to construct and complete future projects and related assets, and our potential inability to secure such financing on acceptable terms, or at all;
our potential inability to construct or operate all of our proposed LNG facilities or pipelines or any additional LNG facilities or pipelines beyond those currently planned, including any of the bolt-on expansion opportunities which we have identified, and to produce LNG in excess of our nameplate capacity, which could limit our growth prospects, including as a result of delays in obtaining regulatory approvals or inability to obtain requisite regulatory approvals to complete construction during our estimated development periods;
significant operational risks related to our natural gas liquefaction and export projects, including the Calcasieu Project, the Plaquemines Project, the CP2 Project, the CP3 Project, the Delta Project, any potential bolt-on expansions, any future projects we develop, our pipelines, our LNG tankers, and our regasification terminal usage rights;
our potential inability to accurately estimate costs for our projects, and the risk that the construction and operations of natural gas pipelines and pipeline connections for our projects suffer cost overruns and delays related to obtaining regulatory approvals, development risks, labor costs, unavailability of skilled workers, operational hazards and other risks;
the uncertainty regarding the future of global trade dynamics, international trade agreements and the United States’ position on international trade, including the effects of tariffs;
our potential inability to enter into the necessary contracts to construct the CP2 Project, the CP3 Project, the Delta Project, or any potential bolt-on expansion on a timely basis or on terms that are acceptable to us;


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our potential inability to enter into post-COD SPAs with customers for, or to otherwise sell, an adequate portion of the total expected nameplate capacity at the CP2 Project, the CP3 Project, the Delta Project, any potential bolt-on expansions, or any future projects we develop;
our dependence on our EPC and other contractors for the successful completion of our projects and delivery of our LNG tankers, including the potential inability of our contractors to perform their obligations under their contracts;
various economic and political factors, including opposition by environmental or other public interest groups, or the lack of local government and community support required for our projects, which could negatively affect the permitting status, timing or overall development, construction and operation of our projects;
the effects of FERC regulation on our interstate natural gas pipelines and their FERC gas tariffs;
the risk that the natural gas liquefaction system and mid-scale design we utilize at our projects will not achieve the level of performance or other benefits that we anticipate;
potential additional risks arising from the duration of and the phased commissioning start-up of our projects;
the potential risk that our customers or we may terminate our SPAs if certain conditions are not met or for other reasons;
potential decreases in the price of natural gas and its related impact on our ability to pay the cost of gas transportation, the payment of a premium by us for feed gas relative to the contractual price we charge our customers, or other impacts to the price of natural gas resulting from inflationary pressures;
the potential negative impacts of seasonal fluctuations on our business;
our current and potential involvement in disputes and legal proceedings, including the arbitrations and other proceedings currently pending against us and the possibility of a negative outcome in any such dispute or proceeding and the potential impact thereof on our results of operations, liquidity and our existing contracts;
the risks related to the development and/or contracting for additional gas transportation capacity to support the operation and expansion capacity of our LNG projects;
the risks related to the management and operation of our LNG tanker fleet and our future regasification terminal usage rights;
the potential effects of existing and future environmental and similar laws and governmental regulations on compliance costs, operating and/or construction costs and restrictions;
our indebtedness levels, and the fact that we may be able to incur substantially more indebtedness, which may increase the risks created by our substantial indebtedness; and
risks related to other factors discussed under Item 1A.—Risk Factors of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

In addition, new risks emerge from time to time as we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing business environment. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.



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All such factors are difficult to predict, contain uncertainties that may materially affect actual results and may be beyond our control. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all such factors or to assess the impact of each such factor on us.

Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which such statement is made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made except as required by the federal securities laws. If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from what we may have expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. We caution that you should not place undue reliance on any of our forward-looking statements. Furthermore, new risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict those events or how they may affect us.


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PART I

ITEM 1.        FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except share information)
(unaudited)

March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$3,605 $3,608 
Restricted cash63 169 
Accounts receivable640 364 
Inventory, net189 171 
Derivative assets166 154 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets230 93 
Total current assets4,893 4,559 
Property, plant and equipment, net37,006 34,675 
Right-of-use assets581 602 
Noncurrent restricted cash366 837 
Deferred financing costs58 384 
Noncurrent derivative assets1,251 1,482 
Equity method investments337 327 
Other noncurrent assets559 625 
TOTAL ASSETS$45,051 $43,491 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$791 $1,536 
Accrued and other liabilities1,840 1,816 
Current portion of long-term debt193 190 
Total current liabilities2,824 3,542 
Long-term debt, net29,130 29,086 
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities521 536 
Deferred tax liabilities, net1,788 1,637 
Other noncurrent liabilities869 794 
Total liabilities35,132 35,595 
Contingencies (Note 13)
Redeemable stock of subsidiary1,567 1,529 
Equity
Venture Global, Inc. stockholders' equity
Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (451 million and 2,350 million shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)
4 23 
Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share (1,969 million and 0 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)
20  
Additional paid in capital2,164 512 
Retained earnings2,939 2,611 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(246)(249)
Total Venture Global, Inc. stockholders' equity4,881 2,897 
Non-controlling interests3,471 3,470 
Total equity8,352 6,367 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$45,051 $43,491 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share information)
(unaudited)

Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
REVENUE$2,894 $1,414 
OPERATING EXPENSE
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)1,059 365 
Operating and maintenance expense252 109 
General and administrative expense105 72 
Development expense182 181 
Depreciation and amortization216 70 
Total operating expense1,814 797 
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS1,080 617 
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Interest income56 73 
Interest expense, net(276)(186)
Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps(192)374 
Loss on financing transactions (5)
Total other income (expense)(412)256 
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX EXPENSE668 873 
Income tax expense151 175 
NET INCOME517 698 
Less: Net income attributable to redeemable stock of subsidiary
38 35 
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
15 15 
Less: Dividends on VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares
68  
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS$396 $648 
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share—basic
$0.17 $0.28 
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding—basic(a)
2,399 2,350 
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share—diluted
$0.15 $0.25 
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding—diluted(a)
2,643 2,581 
____________
(a) See Note 1 – General for further discussion regarding the 4,520.3317-for-one forward stock split in connection with the Company's IPO.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in millions)
(unaudited)

Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
NET INCOME$517 $698 
Other comprehensive income
Cash flow hedges, net
Reclassification to earnings, net of income tax expense of $1 and $1, respectively
3 3 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME520 701 
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to redeemable stock of subsidiary38 35 
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests15 15 
Less: Dividends on VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares68  
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS$399 $651 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(in millions)
(unaudited)

Stockholders' equity
Common stockAdditional paid in capitalRetained
earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive lossTotal stockholders' equityNon-controlling interests
Class AClass B
SharesPar valueSharesPar value
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 20242,350 $23  $ $512 $2,611 $(249)$2,897 $3,470 
Net income— — — — — 396 — 396 83 
Stock-based compensation— — — — (17)— — (17)— 
Subsidiary dividends and distributions
— — — — — (68)— (68)(82)
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — 3 3 — 
Conversion of Class A common stock to Class B common stock(1,969)(20)1,969 20 — — — — — 
Issuance of Class A common stock, net70 1 — — 1,669 — — 1,670 — 
BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2025451 $4 1,969 $20 $2,164 $2,939 $(246)$4,881 $3,471 

Stockholders' equity
Common stockAdditional paid in capitalRetained
earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive lossTotal stockholders' equityNon-controlling interests
Class AClass B
SharesPar valueSharesPar value
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 20232,350 $23  $ $519 $1,228 $(260)$1,510 $575 
Net income— — — — — 648 — 648 15 
Stock-based compensation— — — — (13)— — (13)— 
Subsidiary distributions
— — — — — — — — (15)
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — 3 3 — 
BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 20242,350 $23  $ $506 $1,876 $(257)$2,148 $575 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(unaudited)

Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income$517 $698 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
(Gain) loss on derivatives, net230 (374)
Cash from settlement of derivatives, net46 45 
Loss on financing transactions 5 
Deferred taxes149 173 
Non-cash interest expense41 16 
Depreciation and amortization216 70 
Stock-based compensation12 6 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(279)36 
Inventory(18)(20)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(28)36 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities249 (54)
Other, net(21)1 
Net cash from operating activities1,114 638 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property, plant and equipment(3,466)(3,004)
Other investing activities(4)(136)
Net cash used by investing activities(3,470)(3,140)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Issuance of Class A common stock1,750  
Proceeds from project credit facilities383 2,160 
Payments of financing and issuance costs(75) 
Repayment of debt(46)(227)
Payments of dividends and distributions(190)(15)
Other financing activities(46)(200)
Net cash from financing activities1,776 1,718 
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(580)(784)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period4,614 5,872 
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD$4,034 $5,088 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.



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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 1 – General

The Company

Venture Global is a Delaware corporation formed by the managing members of VG Partners on September 19, 2023. As used in these condensed consolidated financial statements, unless the context otherwise requires, references to the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Venture Global and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The Company sells LNG and is engaged in the operation, construction, and development of natural gas liquefaction and export facilities in North America ("LNG projects"). Each LNG project includes a liquefaction facility and export terminal and one or more associated pipelines that interconnect with several interstate and intrastate pipelines for delivery of natural gas into the associated liquefaction facility and export terminal. Our current LNG projects include the Calcasieu Project, the Plaquemines Project, the CP2 Project, the CP3 Project and the Delta Project.

The Company is also engaged in the acquisition and operation of LNG tankers to deliver its LNG directly to customers through its direct sales and shipping business ("DS&S") and is pursuing opportunities to secure additional LNG regasification capacity. In addition, the Company is engaged in the development and construction of pipeline infrastructure projects to establish complementary gas transportation for its development projects.

Basis of presentation and consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for fair presentation, have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the 2024 audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 6, 2025 (the "2024 Form 10-K"). Except for per share amounts or as otherwise specified, dollar amounts presented within tables are stated in millions.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Venture Global, Inc. and its controlled subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Stock Split

On January 27, 2025, and in connection with the completion of its IPO, the Company effectuated an approximately 4,520.3317-for-one forward stock split of its Class A common stock. All Class A common stock share and per share amounts in these condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the impact of the stock split. See Note 14 – Equity for further discussion of the IPO.

Use of estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. While management believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements are appropriate, actual results could differ from those estimates.



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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 2 – Restricted Cash

The following table summarizes the components of restricted cash:
March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Current restricted cash
Calcasieu Project cash reserves(a)
$62 $169 
Other1  
Total current restricted cash$63 $169 
Noncurrent restricted cash
Plaquemines Project construction(b)
$62 $534 
Calcasieu Project cash reserves(c)
225 226 
Other(d)
79 77 
Total noncurrent restricted cash$366 $837 
____________
(a)Primarily restricted to pre-commercial operations for the Calcasieu Project.
(b)Restricted to the payment of construction and commissioning costs for the Plaquemines Project.
(c)Restricted to debt service for the Calcasieu Project.
(d)Restricted to the payment of equipment costs for a pipeline development project.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:

March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Cash and cash equivalents$3,605 $3,608 
Current restricted cash63 169 
Noncurrent restricted cash366 837 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash per the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows
$4,034 $4,614 

Note 3 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The following table summarizes the disaggregation of revenue earned from contracts with customers:

Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
LNG revenue$2,880 $1,408 
Other revenue14 6 
Total revenue$2,894 $1,414 

LNG produced prior to the relevant project or phase thereof reaching COD is sold under short-term sales agreements at prevailing market prices when executed. LNG Commissioning Sales Agreements are contracted with customers through the Company's LNG projects and its DS&S business. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had not yet declared COD for any of its LNG projects or phases thereof, and accordingly, LNG revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, was earned under LNG Commissioning Sales Agreements. The Company declared COD for the Calcasieu Project on April 15, 2025. See Note 21 – Subsequent Events for further discussion.

Transaction price allocated to future performance obligations

Because many of the Company's sales contracts have long-term durations, the Company is contractually entitled to significant future consideration which it has not yet recognized as revenue. The following table discloses the


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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


aggregate amount of the transaction price, including variable consideration, that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied, excluding all performance obligations that are part of contracts that have an expected duration of one year or less (dollar amounts in billions):

March 31, 2025
Unsatisfied transaction price(a)
Weighted average recognition timing
(in years)
LNG revenue$182.9 
19.6 years
_____________
(a)    A portion of the transaction price is based on the forecasted Henry Hub index as of period end.

Significant judgments were made when estimating the transaction price allocated to future performance obligations. These include the best estimate of when the Company's respective projects will reach COD and the post-COD SPAs will commence, which is currently expected to occur in 2026 and 2027 for the first and second phases of the Plaquemines Project, respectively, and the most likely amount of variable consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled upon the resolution of certain ongoing disputes with customers. These disputes are with various Calcasieu Project post-COD SPA customers who are asserting that the Calcasieu Project was delayed in declaring COD under the respective SPAs. These disputes are subject to aggregate liability limitations of $1.6 billion under the SPAs. Certain of the Company's customers are also disputing whether the liability limitations in the Company's SPAs are applicable, and therefore are claiming damages, including amounts in excess of the liability limitations. The Company's estimates of variable consideration exclude decreases to the transaction price for these contingent penalties based on the Company's best estimate of the most likely outcome of these disputes. The Company expects this variability to be resolved in 2025 and 2026 upon the conclusion of various arbitration proceedings.

Note 4 – Inventory

The following table summarizes the components of inventory:

March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Spare parts and materials$110 $89 
LNG 36 36 
LNG in-transit33 36 
Other10 10 
Total inventory$189 $171 



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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 5 – Property, Plant and Equipment

The following table presents the components of property, plant and equipment, net and their estimated useful lives (in years):
Estimated useful lifeMarch 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Terminal and interconnected pipeline facilities
7-35
$23,334 $18,698 
Construction in progressN/A8,685 10,773 
Advanced equipment and construction paymentsN/A4,740 4,733 
LNG tankers25630 630 
Buildings3596 97 
LandN/A57 55 
Other(a)
2-23
472 481 
Total property, plant and equipment at cost
38,014 35,467 
Accumulated depreciation(1,008)(792)
Total property, plant and equipment, net$37,006 $34,675 
____________
(a)    Includes finance lease assets. See Note 6 – Leases for further discussion.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recognized $23 million of net proceeds after deducting net cash paid for natural gas, from Test LNG sales as a reduction to the cost basis of the Plaquemines Project LNG terminal.

As of March 31, 2025, $15.8 billion, which represents a portion of the Plaquemines Project's property, plant and equipment has been placed in service in accordance with the accounting guidance. The Plaquemines Project remains under construction and is undergoing its planned commissioning program to satisfy the requirements necessary for achieving commercial operations as defined under the applicable contracts. Costs associated with these efforts will be either capitalized or expensed in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance.


The following table presents depreciation expense recognized on the condensed consolidated statements of operations:
Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
Depreciation expense$214 $69 



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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 6 – Leases

Operating leases consist primarily of leased land, LNG tankers, and office space and facilities. Finance leases consist primarily of leased marine vessels and a bridge.

The following table presents the line item classification of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Line itemMarch 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Right-of-use assets—operatingRight-of-use assets$581 $602 
Right-of-use assets—financeProperty, plant and equipment, net284 279 
Total right-of-use assets$865 $881 
Current operating lease liabilitiesAccrued and other liabilities$65 $81 
Current finance lease liabilitiesAccrued and other liabilities10 10 
Noncurrent operating lease liabilitiesNoncurrent operating lease liabilities521 536 
Noncurrent finance lease liabilitiesOther noncurrent liabilities251 248 
Total lease liabilities$847 $875 

The following table presents the line item classification of lease costs:

Line itemThree months ended
March 31,
20252024
Operating lease cost
Operating expense(a)
$33 $18 
Finance lease cost
Amortization of right-of-use assetsDepreciation and amortization and
  property, plant and equipment, net
4 3 
Interest on lease liabilitiesInterest expense, net and
  property, plant and equipment, net
5 1 
Total lease cost$42 $22 
_____________
(a)Presented in the various line items within operating expenses, consistent with the nature of the asset under lease.

Note 7 – Equity Method Investments

The following table presents equity method investment ownership interests and carrying values:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Equity method investment
Ownership
interest
Carrying
value
Ownership
interest
Carrying
value
Kagami 139%$169 39%$164 
Kagami 239%168 39%163 
Total$337 $327 

Kagami Companies

In 2023, the Company began acquiring equity interests in Kagami 1 and Kagami 2. The Kagami Companies are VIEs in which the Company is not the primary beneficiary since it lacks the power to make significant decisions. These equity method investments are held by the DS&S reportable segment. The Kagami Companies will each purchase one LNG tanker, which are expected to be delivered in 2025. The Company has future commitments to increase its investment in the Kagami Companies by $251 million to fund construction of the LNG tankers, which are subject to conditions precedent that have not yet been satisfied.


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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Note 8 – Accrued and Other Liabilities

Components of accrued and other liabilities included:
March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Accrued construction and equipment costs$596 $620 
Accrued interest288 361 
Accrued natural gas purchases495 267 
Accrued compensation148 191 
Accrued dividends and distributions55 95 
Other258 282 
    Total accrued and other liabilities$1,840 $1,816 

Note 9 – Debt

The following table summarizes outstanding debt:
MaturityInterest rateMarch 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Fixed rate:
VGLNG Senior Secured Notes
VGLNG 2028 NotesJune 1, 20288.125%$2,250 $2,250 
VGLNG 2029 Notes(a)
February 1, 20299.500%3,000 3,000 
VGLNG 2030 NotesJanuary 15, 20307.000%1,500 1,500 
VGLNG 2031 NotesJune 1, 20318.375%2,250 2,250 
VGLNG 2032 Notes(b)
February 1, 20329.875%2,000 2,000 
VGCP Senior Secured Notes
VGCP 2029 NotesAugust 15, 20293.875%1,250 1,250 
VGCP 2030 NotesJanuary 15, 20306.250%1,000 1,000 
VGCP 2031 NotesAugust 15, 20314.125%1,250 1,250 
VGCP 2033 NotesNovember 1, 20333.875%1,250 1,250 
Other fixed rate debt(c)
September 5, 20297.600%84 84 
Variable rate:
Calcasieu Pass Construction Term Loan950 997 
Plaquemines Construction Term Loan12,948 12,635 
Plaquemines Working Capital Facility154 85 
Total outstanding debt29,886 29,551 
Less: Unamortized debt discount, premium
     and issuance costs
(563)(275)
Total outstanding debt, net29,323 29,276 
Less: Current portion of long-term debt(193)(190)
Total long-term debt, net$29,130 $29,086 
____________
(a)Issued at 100.167% of par.
(b)Issued at 99.661% of par.
(c)Secured by a first priority interest in corporate property.

VGLNG Senior Secured Notes

The VGLNG Senior Secured Notes are secured on a pari passu basis by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the existing and future assets of VGLNG and the future guarantors, if any. In addition, VGLNG has pledged its membership interests in certain material direct subsidiaries as collateral to secure its obligations under the VGLNG Senior Secured Notes. VGLNG may redeem all or part of the VGLNG Senior Secured Notes at


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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


specified prices set forth in the respective governing indenture, plus accrued interest, if any, as of the date of the redemption.

VGCP Senior Secured Notes

The obligations of VGCP under the VGCP Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed by TCP and secured on a pari passu basis by a first-priority security interest in the assets that secure the Calcasieu Pass Credit Facilities. VGCP may redeem all or part of the VGCP Senior Secured Notes at specified prices set forth in the respective governing indenture, plus accrued interest, if any, as of the date of the redemption.

Credit facilities

Below is a summary of committed credit facilities outstanding as of March 31, 2025:

Calcasieu Pass Credit Facilities(a)
Plaquemines Credit Facilities(b)
Calcasieu Pass Construction Term LoanCalcasieu Pass Working Capital FacilityPlaquemines Construction Term LoanPlaquemines Working Capital Facility
Original facility size$5,477 $300 $8,459 $1,100 
Incremental commitments 255 4,489 1,000 
Less:
Outstanding balances950  12,948 154 
Commitments prepaid or terminated4,527    
Letters of credit issued 308  1,461 
Available commitments$ $247 $ $485 
Priority rankingSenior securedSenior securedSenior securedSenior secured
Maturity dateAugust 19, 2026August 19, 2026May 25, 2029May 25, 2029
____________
(a)The obligations of VGCP as the borrower are guaranteed by TCP and secured by a first-priority lien on substantially all of the assets of VGCP and TCP, as well as all of the membership interests in those companies.
(b)The obligations of VGPL as the borrower are guaranteed by Gator Express and secured by a first-priority lien on substantially all of the assets of VGPL and Gator Express, as well as all of the membership interests in those companies.

Interest expense on debt

The following table presents the total interest expense incurred on debt and other instruments:
Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
Stated interest$526 $415 
Amortization of debt discounts, premiums and issuance costs32 36 
Other interest and fees11 22 
Total interest cost569 473 
Capitalized interest(293)(287)
Total interest expense, net$276 $186 



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 10 – Derivatives

Interest rate swaps

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to mitigate its exposure to variability in interest payments associated with certain variable rate debt. None of the Company's interest rate swaps has been designated as cash flow hedges as of March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

The following table summarizes outstanding interest rate swaps:
Outstanding notional
Debt instrument
Latest maturity
Receive
variable rate
Pay
fixed rate(c)
Maximum notionalMarch 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Plaquemines Credit Facilities2046
(a)
Compounding SOFR2.49%$10,204 $8,508 $8,089 
Calcasieu Pass Credit Facilities2036
(b)
Compounding SOFR2.55%923 923 969 
Total notional
$11,127 $9,431 $9,058 
____________
(a)Subject to mandatory early termination provisions under which certain interest rate swaps will settle at their fair values in May 2029.
(b)Subject to mandatory early termination provisions under which certain interest rate swaps will settle at their fair values in August 2026.
(c)Represents a weighted-average fixed rate based on the maximum notional.

Natural gas supply contracts

The Company has entered into natural gas supply contracts for the supply of feed gas to the Calcasieu Project and the Plaquemines Project. Those natural gas supply contracts not designated or qualifying as NPNS are recognized as either derivative assets or liabilities and measured at fair value. None of the Company's natural gas supply contracts has been designated as hedges as of March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

The following table summarizes outstanding natural gas supply contracts recognized as derivatives (notional amount in millions of MMBtus):
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Natural gas supply contractsTotal notionalLatest maturityTotal notionalLatest maturity
Natural gas2,524 20362,048 2031

The following table summarizes the fair value and classification of derivatives on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Balance sheet locationMarch 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Assets
Interest rate swapsDerivative assets$139 $150 
Natural gas supply contractsDerivative assets27 4 
Interest rate swapsNoncurrent derivative assets1,235 1,459 
Natural gas supply contractsNoncurrent derivative assets16 23 
Total assets$1,417 $1,636 
Liabilities
Interest rate swapsAccrued and other liabilities$1 $1 
Natural gas supply contractsAccrued and other liabilities10 12 
Interest rate swapsOther noncurrent liabilities3 2 
Natural gas supply contractsOther noncurrent liabilities67 12 
Total liabilities$81 $27 



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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The following table presents the pre-tax effects of derivative instruments recognized in AOCL and earnings:
Three months ended
March 31,
Line item20252024
Designated as hedging instruments
Reclassifications of losses from AOCL into earnings
      Interest rate swapsDepreciation and amortization1 1 
      Interest rate swapsInterest expense, net3 3 
Not designated as hedging instruments — recognized in earnings
Natural gas supply contractsCost of sales38  
Interest rate swapsGain (loss) on interest rate swaps(192)374 

Approximately $15 million is expected to be reclassified from AOCL as a reduction to earnings within the next twelve months.

The following table presents the gross and net fair value of outstanding derivatives:
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Gross balanceBalance subject to nettingNet balanceGross balanceBalance subject to nettingNet balance
Derivative assets
$1,422 $(5)$1,417 $1,648 $(12)$1,636 
Derivative liabilities
(86)5 (81)(39)12 (27)

Credit-risk related contingent features

Interest rate swaps

The interest rate swap agreements contain cross default provisions whereby if the Company were to default on certain indebtedness, it could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations and may be required to net settle the outstanding derivative liability positions with its counterparties. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had not posted any collateral related to these agreements and was not in breach of any agreement provisions. The aggregate fair value of the Company's interest rate swap derivative instruments with credit-risk related contingent features in a net liability position was $4 million as of March 31, 2025.

Natural gas supply contracts

Certain natural gas supply contracts contain credit risk-related contingent features which stipulate that if the Company's credit ratings were to change, it could be required to provide additional collateral. As of March 31, 2025, the Company would not be required to post any collateral related to these contracts if the credit-risk related contingent features were triggered, as the delivery of the underlying commodity had yet to commence. The aggregate fair value of the Company's natural gas supply contracts with credit-risk related contingent features in a net liability position was $35 million as of March 31, 2025.



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 11 – Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates their levels within the fair value hierarchy:
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Level 1Level 2
Level 3
TotalLevel 1Level 2
Level 3
Total
Assets
Money market funds(a)
$1,894 $ $ $1,894 $1,373 $ $ $1,373 
Interest rate swaps(b)
 1,374  1,374  1,609  1,609 
Natural gas supply contracts(b)
 2 46 48   39 39 
Total$1,894 $1,376 $46 $3,316 $1,373 $1,609 $39 $3,021 
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps(c)
$ $4 $ $4 $ $3 $ $3 
Natural gas supply contracts(c)
 8 74 82  3 33 36 
Total$ $12 $74 $86 $ $6 $33 $39 
____________
(a)Included in cash and cash equivalents on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(b)Included in derivative assets and noncurrent derivative assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(c)Included in accrued and other liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Interest rate swaps

The fair values of the Company's interest rate swaps are classified as Level 2 and determined using a discounted cash flow method that incorporates observable inputs. The fair value calculation includes a credit valuation adjustment and forward interest rate curves for the same periods of the future maturity dates of the interest rate swaps. For further discussion, see Note 10 – Derivatives.

Level 3 unobservable inputs

The Company values its natural gas supply contracts using an income or options-based approach. This incorporates present value techniques using a risk free rate of return, observable forward commodity price curves, and other significant unobservable inputs. Significant unobservable inputs include implied forward curves at illiquid delivery locations and, if an option pricing model is used, volatility assumptions derived from observed historical market data adjusted for evolving industry conditions and market trends as of the balance sheet date as well as counterparty credit risk adjustments.

Due to the uncertainty surrounding these inputs, certain natural gas supply contracts are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Changes in these inputs can have a significant impact on the valuation of the Company's commodity derivatives, which can result in a significantly higher or lower estimated fair value. For further discussion, see Note 10 – Derivatives.

The following table includes quantitative information for the unobservable inputs for Level 3 natural gas supply contracts as of March 31, 2025:
Valuation approachSignificant unobservable inputRange of significant unobservable inputArithmetic average of significant unobservable input
Discounted cash flowForward natural gas price per MMBtu
$1.52 to $4.87
$3.19 
Option pricing modelVolatility
26.2% to 77.8%
30.9 %



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The following table sets forth a reconciliation of changes in the fair value of derivative instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs as of March 31, 2025. There were no derivative instruments measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs as of March 31, 2024.
Natural gas supply contracts
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2025$6 
Total realized and unrealized loss included in earnings(10)
Settlements(24)
Ending balance as of March 31, 2025$(28)
Unrealized loss included in earnings $(34)

Other financial instruments

The following table presents the fair value of outstanding debt instruments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
LevelMarch 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Fixed rate debt1$15,787 $16,085 
Variable and other fixed rate debt(a)
214,136 13,801 
____________
(a)    Carrying value approximates estimated fair value.

Note 12 – Income Taxes

The Company's provision for income taxes is based on an estimated annual effective tax rate, plus discrete items. The Company's effective tax rate was 22.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and was higher than the statutory income tax rate due to a combination of factors including non-deductible expenses and valuation allowance adjustments caused by a change in the realizability of certain deferred tax assets.

The Company's effective tax rate was 20.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and was lower than the statutory income tax rate due to a combination of factors including guaranteed payments to non-controlling interests and non-deductible expenses.

As of March 31, 2025, VGLNG and Calcasieu Holdings, subsidiaries of the Company, were under exam by the Internal Revenue Service for the 2022 tax year.

Note 13 - Contingencies

Litigation

The Company is involved in certain claims, suits, and legal proceedings in the normal course of business. The Company accrues for litigation and claims when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. There can be no assurance that these accrued liabilities will be adequate to cover all existing and future claims or that the Company will have the liquidity to pay such claims as they arise.

Where no accrued liability has been recognized, it is reasonably possible that some matters could be decided unfavorably to the Company. This could require the Company to pay damages or make expenditures in amounts that could be material but could not be estimated as of March 31, 2025.

See Note 3 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, for discussion of certain disputes with customers.



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 14 – Equity

IPO and related transactions

On January 27, 2025, the Company completed its IPO in which it issued and sold 70 million shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.01, at a public offering price of $25.00 per share. The Company received proceeds of $1.7 billion, net of underwriting discounts and commissions of $70 million and offering expenses of $10 million.

In connection with the IPO, the Company effectuated an approximately 4,520.3317-for-one forward stock split of its Class A common stock. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the impact of the Stock Split of the Class A common stock. Subsequent to the Stock Split, and prior to the completion of the IPO, all shares of Class A common stock held by VG Partners, approximately 1.97 billion shares, were converted into an equal number of shares of Class B common stock.

Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement for the IPO, the Company's board of directors and stockholders adopted the Omnibus Incentive Plan, under which it granted stock options to purchase approximately 14 million shares of its Class A common stock with an exercise price of $25.00 per share to certain of its employees. The IPO Grants have a 10-year contractual term and vest in equal quarterly installments over a four-year period. The total number of shares of Class A common stock authorized for issuance under the Omnibus Incentive Plan, including the IPO Grants, is approximately 172 million, and is subject to annual automatic evergreen increases thereafter.

Preferred and common stock

The Company's Class A common stock has one vote per share and its Class B common stock has ten votes per share. The par value of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock is $0.01 per share. The following table summarizes the number of shares of the Company's preferred stock and common stock authorized for issuance (in millions):
March 31,
2025
December 31,
2024
Preferred stock2001
Class A common stock4,4004,520
Class B common stock3,0001

Dividends

In September 2024, the Company's board of directors declared the payment of cash dividends to holders of the Company's outstanding common stock in an aggregate amount of $160 million that are paid on a pro rata basis in four equal installments of $40 million over four consecutive calendar quarters on the last business day of each such calendar quarter, commencing on September 30, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company paid $40 million, or $0.02 per share, of cash dividends to its common stockholders.



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Note 15 – Redeemable Stock of Subsidiary

The following table summarizes the change in redeemable stock of subsidiary on the condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions):
Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
Beginning balance as of January 1$1,529 $1,385 
Paid-in-kind distributions(a)
38 35 
Ending balance as of March 31$1,567 $1,420 
____________
(a)Presented as net income attributable to redeemable stock of subsidiary on the consolidated statements of operations.

Following COD of the Calcasieu Project and the final distribution of the net proceeds from sales under LNG Commissioning Sales Agreements, but prior to August 19, 2027, no distributions of available cash will be permitted from Calcasieu Funding to VGLNG until any accumulated accrued distributions on the CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units have been fully settled in cash. Further, on and after August 19, 2027, no distributions of available cash will be permitted from Calcasieu Funding to VGLNG until the CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units have been fully redeemed in cash. In this context, available cash means funds in excess of cash deemed necessary by management to fund the Calcasieu Project's operating costs, including debt service requirements, during the relevant period. As of March 31, 2025, the CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units had a redemption value of $1.6 billion of which $667 million was related to accrued distributions. See Note 21 – Subsequent Events for further discussion of COD of the Calcasieu Project.

Note 16 – Non-Controlling Interests

VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares

VGLNG, a direct controlled subsidiary of the Company, issued 3 million VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares which represent third-party ownership in the net assets of VGLNG and have a cumulative net balance of $2.9 billion. The annual dividend rate on the VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares is currently 9.000%. Cumulative cash dividends on the VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares are payable semiannually, in arrears, when, and if, declared by the VGLNG board of directors.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company accumulated $68 million, or $22.50 per share, of dividends on the VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares and declared and paid $135 million, or $45.00 per share. The balance of accumulated but undeclared dividends was $1 million, or $0.25 per share and $68 million, or $22.75 per share, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Calcasieu Holdings

Calcasieu Holdings, an indirect controlled subsidiary of the Company, issued the CP Holdings Convertible Preferred Units, which represent third-party ownership in the net assets of Calcasieu Holdings. The following table summarizes the changes in the CP Holdings Convertible Preferred Units:
Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
Beginning balance as of January 1$575 $575 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
15 15 
Distributions
(15)(15)
Ending balance as of March 31$575 $575 



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Note 17 – Earnings per Share

Earnings per share is calculated using the two-class method and presented on a combined basis since the Class A common stock and Class B common stock have identical rights and privileges, except for voting rights. The following table sets forth the computation of net income per share attributable to the Class A and Class B common stock outstanding (share amounts in millions):
Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
Net income$517 $698 
Less: Net income attributable to redeemable stock of subsidiary38 35 
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests15 15 
Less: Dividends on VGLNG Series A preferred shares68  
Net income attributable to common stockholders$396 $648 
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
Basic2,399 2,350 
Dilutive stock options outstanding244 231 
Diluted2,643 2,581 
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share—basic(a)
$0.17 $0.28 
Net income attributable to common stockholders per share—diluted(a)
$0.15 $0.25 
____________
(a)    Earnings per share may not recalculate exactly due to rounding.

Stock options to purchase 14 million of the Company's Class A common stock for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income attributable to common stockholders because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Note 18 – Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following table sets forth supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Three months ended
March 31,
20252024
Accrued purchases of property, plant and equipment$978 $1,678 
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized253 105 
Accrued distributions
15 15 
Paid-in-kind distribution on redeemable stock of subsidiary38 35 
Cash paid for operating leases
43 6 

Note 19 – Segment Information

The Company has multiple operating segments, including the Company's five LNG projects – the Calcasieu Project, the Plaquemines Project, the CP2 Project, the CP3 Project and the Delta Project – and its DS&S business and pipeline activities. Each LNG project operating segment includes activity of both the respective liquefaction facility and export terminal and the associated pipeline(s) that will supply the natural gas to that facility.

The Company has four reportable segments, the Calcasieu Project, the Plaquemines Project, the CP2 Project and its DS&S business. The CP3 Project, the Delta Project, and its pipeline activities are not quantitatively material for reporting purposes and as such, have been combined with corporate activities as corporate, other and eliminations. Activities reported in corporate, other and eliminations include immaterial operating segments, costs which are overhead in nature and not directly associated with the operating segments, including certain general and


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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


administrative and marketing expenses, and inter-segment eliminations. Prior to the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had three reportable segments, which consisted of the Calcasieu Project, the Plaquemines Project and the CP2 Project. Prior period presentations have been recast to conform to the current segment reporting structure.

The following tables present financial information by segment, including significant segment expenses regularly provided to the CODM, and a reconciliation of segment income (loss) from operations to income before income tax expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated.

Three months ended March 31, 2025
Calcasieu
Project
Plaquemines ProjectCP2
Project
DS&SCorporate, other and eliminationsTotal
Revenue$1,638 $1,186 $1 $481 $(412)$2,894 
Operating expense
Cost of sales536 540  392 (409)1,059 
Operating and maintenance expense131 74 1 49 (3)252 
General and administrative expense4 16 14 2 69 105 
Development expense 10 149  23 182 
Depreciation and amortization65 131  6 14 216 
Total operating expense736 771 164 449 (306)1,814 
Income (loss) from operations$902 $415 $(163)$32 $(106)$1,080 
Interest income56 
Interest expense, net(276)
Loss on interest rate swaps(192)
Income before income tax expense$668 

Three months ended March 31, 2024
Calcasieu
Project
Plaquemines ProjectCP2
Project
DS&SCorporate, other and eliminationsTotal
Revenue$1,414 $ $ $ $ $1,414 
Operating expense
Cost of sales365     365 
Operating and maintenance expense87 26   (4)109 
General and administrative expense4 16 4 5 43 72 
Development expense 14 148  19 181 
Depreciation and amortization64    6 70 
Total operating expense520 56 152 5 64 797 
Income (loss) from operations$894 $(56)$(152)$(5)$(64)$617 
Interest income73 
Interest expense, net(186)
Gain on interest rate swaps374 
Loss on financing transactions(5)
Income before income tax expense$873 



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VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Capital expendituresTotal assets
Three months ended March 31,March 31,December 31,
2025202420252024
Calcasieu Project$8 $174 $7,072 $7,181 
Plaquemines Project2,216 2,071 25,080 24,627 
CP2 Project684 638 4,336 3,643 
DS&S74 24 1,587 1,473 
Corporate, other and eliminations496 277 6,976 6,567 
Total$3,478 $3,184 $45,051 $43,491 

Note 20 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following table provides a description of recently issued accounting pronouncements that have not yet been adopted as of March 31, 2025. Accounting pronouncements not listed below were assessed and determined to not have a material impact to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Standard
Description
Effect on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements
ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740)
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, which enhances tax-related disclosures by requiring public business entities to disclose a tabular reconciliation, using both percentages and amounts, broken into specific categories with certain reconciling items at or above 5% of the statutory (i.e., expected) tax, further broken out by nature and/or jurisdiction; for all other entities, qualitative disclosure of the nature and effect of significant reconciling items by specific categories and individual jurisdictions; and income taxes paid (net of refunds received), broken out between federal (national), state/local and foreign, and amounts paid to an individual jurisdiction when 5% or more of the total income taxes paid.

The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. The standard should be applied on a prospective basis, and retrospective application is permitted.

The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the financial statement disclosures.
ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, which enhances income statement disclosures. This requires public business entities to provide a tabular disclosure of relevant expense captions disaggregated into categories such as purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, and amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current GAAP, a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in the relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated and the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual periods, an entity's definition of selling expenses.

The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The standard should be applied on a prospective basis, and retrospective application is permitted.
The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the financial statement disclosures.

Note 21 – Subsequent Events

On April 15, 2025, the Calcasieu Project declared COD and commenced the sale of LNG to its customers under its post-COD SPAs.

Upon COD, the CP Holdings Convertible Preferred Units converted into Class B common units of Calcasieu Holdings, equal to approximately 23% of the total outstanding common units of Calcasieu Holdings, or Holdings Common Units, reducing the Company's common equity interest in the Calcasieu Project to approximately 77%.



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


On April 21, 2025, VGPL (as borrower) and Gator Express (as guarantor) issued $2.50 billion aggregate principal amount of senior secured notes, which were issued in two series: (i) a series of 7.50% senior secured notes due 2033 in an aggregate principal amount of $1.25 billion (the “VGPL 2033 Notes”) and (ii) a series of 7.75% senior secured notes due 2035 in an aggregate principal amount of $1.25 billion (the “VGPL 2035 Notes,” and together with the VGPL 2033 Notes, the “VGPL Notes”). In connection with the issuance, VGPL settled a pro rata portion of its interest rate swaps that hedged the variable interest on the Plaquemines Credit Facilities for cash proceeds of $275 million. The net proceeds from the issuance of the VGPL Notes and the swap breakage proceeds were used to prepay $2.7 billion outstanding under the Plaquemines Construction Term Loan and pay costs incurred in connection with the offering. The VGPL Notes are secured on a pari passu basis by a first-priority security interest in the assets that secure the Plaquemines Credit Facilities.

On May 1, 2025, CP2 (as borrower), CP Express (as guarantor) and CP2 Procurement (as guarantor) entered into new secured bridge credit facilities, consisting of a $2.825 billion delayed draw bridge loan facility (the “CP2 Bridge Loan Facility”) and a $175 million three-year interest reserve facility (the “CP2 Interest Reserve Facility”, and together with the CP2 Bridge Loan Facility, the “CP2 Bridge Facilities”). The loans under the CP2 Bridge Facilities are due in full by the earliest of (i) May 1, 2028, (ii) the ninetieth (90th) day following the occurrence of COD for the second phase of the Plaquemines Project, or (iii) the closing and disbursement of the initial loans under a FID project financing for the CP2 Project. The net proceeds from the CP2 Bridge Facilities will be used to fund a portion of the development and construction costs, including interest, of the CP2 Project prior to closing the full project debt and equity financing.

In April 2025, CP2 amended one of its 20-year SPAs to increase the sale and delivery of LNG from 1.0 MTPA to 1.5 MTPA from the first phase of the CP2 Project. This increased the total volume of LNG contracted for sale and delivery from the CP2 Project from 9.25 MTPA to 9.75 MTPA.

On May 9 2025, FERC issued its final supplemental EIS which reaffirmed that the CP2 Project emissions impacts are “not significant.”


29



ITEM 2.     MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto, included in Item 1.—Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q, and discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our 2024 Form 10-K. In addition to historical condensed consolidated financial information, this Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs that involve significant risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to those differences include those discussed below and in the Cautionary Statement on Forward Looking Statements on this Form 10-Q and elsewhere in Item 1A.—Risk Factors of our 2024 Form 10-K. Except for per share, per MMBtu or volumetric amounts, or as otherwise specified, dollar amounts presented within tables are stated in millions.

Executive Summary

Our Financial Results. Our income from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $1.1 billion, a $463 million increase from $617 million for the corresponding period in the prior year. This increase was primarily due to higher sales volumes at our Plaquemines Project LNG facility due to the commencement of LNG production in December 2024 and continued ramp up and higher weighted average prices of LNG, partially offset by higher cost of feed gas. Additionally, our net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $517 million, a reduction of $181 million from $698 million for the corresponding period in the prior year primarily due to an unfavorable change in the fair value of our interest rate swaps of $566 million, partially offset by our increase in income from operations.

Three months ended March 31,
20252024
LNG volumes exported
Cargos
6340
TBtu
233.6144.5
LNG volumes sold (TBtu)228.3140.9
Weighted average price of LNG volumes sold (per MMBtu)
Fixed liquefaction fee
$8.55 $7.40 
Commodity fee
4.23 2.59 
Weighted average price of LNG volumes sold
$12.78 $9.99 

Our LNG Projects

Calcasieu Project. Production and sales of LNG from our initial LNG export facility remained ongoing, although not at full nameplate capacity levels, while we continued to address the remaining work related to commissioning, carryover completions, rectification, reliability testing, and other incomplete aspects of the facility. Notably, in March 2025, we completed certain outstanding performance tests of key equipment and facilities and commenced our facility-wide lenders' reliability test. On April 15, 2025, the Calcasieu Project declared COD and commenced the sale of LNG to its customers under its post-COD SPAs.


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Calcasieu Project
Three months ended March 31,
20252024
LNG volumes exported
Cargos
3440
TBtu
125.9144.5
LNG volumes sold (TBtu)125.2140.9
Weighted average price of LNG volumes sold (per MMBtu)
Fixed liquefaction fee
$8.80 $7.40 
Commodity fee
4.23 2.59 
Weighted average price of LNG volumes sold
$13.03 $9.99 

Plaquemines Project. Production and sales of LNG from the first phase of our second LNG export facility increased during the period while physical construction and the commissioning program of the project remained underway. During the period, we incurred $1.3 billion of project costs, the majority of which were capitalized, and we placed an additional $4.4 billion of assets in service in accordance with the accounting guidance.

Plaquemines Project
Three months ended March 31,
20252024
LNG volumes exported
Cargos
29— 
TBtu
107.7— 
LNG volumes sold (TBtu)107.7— 
Weighted average price of LNG volumes sold (per MMBtu)
Fixed liquefaction fee
$7.26 $— 
Commodity fee
4.26 — 
Weighted average price of LNG volumes sold
$11.52 $— 

CP2 Project. We significantly advanced the development of our third LNG export facility during the period and incurred $834 million of project costs primarily associated with equipment procurement, off-site manufacturing work, and engineering and design, $685 million of which was capitalized and $149 million was expensed. We continued to see positive change in the CP2 Project’s regulatory landscape:
FERC authorization. In February 2025, FERC prepared its draft supplemental EIS, and on May 9, 2025, issued its final supplemental EIS which reaffirmed that the CP2 Project emissions impacts are “not significant.” The CP2 Project awaits its final approval and notices to proceed with on-site construction from the FERC commission, both of which are expected in mid-2025.
DOE non-FTA authorization. In March 2025, the CP2 Project received conditional authorization from the DOE to export natural gas to non-FTA nations.

Our Sources of Capital. In January 2025, we completed our IPO, issuing 70 million shares of our Class A common stock at a public offering price of $25.00 per share for total net proceeds of $1.7 billion. In connection with the IPO, we effectuated a 4,520.3317-for-one forward stock split of our Class A common stock. In April 2025, VGPL closed on its inaugural bond offering, issuing $2.5 billion of aggregate senior secured notes, and concurrently settled a pro rata portion of its interest rate swaps for cash proceeds of $275 million. Net proceeds from this issuance and the swap breakage proceeds were used to prepay $2.7 billion of principal outstanding under the Plaquemines Construction Term Loan. Additionally, in May 2025, CP2 entered into the new CP2 Bridge Facilities totaling $3.0 billion. The net proceeds from the CP2 Bridge Facilities will be used to fund a portion of the


31



development and construction costs, including interest, of the CP2 Project prior to closing the full project debt and equity financing.


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Results of Operations

Three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to three months ended March 31, 2024

The following table shows a summary of our condensed consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated:

Three months ended March 31,Change
20252024($)(%)
REVENUE$2,894 $1,414 $1,480 105 %
OPERATING EXPENSE
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization
   shown separately below)
1,059 365 694 190 %
Operating and maintenance expense252 109 143 131 %
General and administrative expense105 72 33 46 %
Development expense182 181 %
Depreciation and amortization216 70 146 209 %
Total operating expense1,814 797 1,017 128 %
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS1,080 617 463 75 %
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Interest income56 73 (17)(23)%
Interest expense, net(276)(186)(90)48 %
Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps(192)374 (566)(151)%
Loss on financing transactions— (5)(100)%
Total other income (expense)
(412)256 (668)(261)%
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX EXPENSE668 873 (205)(23)%
Income tax expense151 175 (24)(14)%
NET INCOME517 698 (181)(26)%
Less: Net income attributable to redeemable stock of subsidiary
38 35 %
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests15 15 — — %
Less: Dividends on VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares68 — 68 NM
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS$396 $648 $(252)(39)%
____________
NM    Percentage not meaningful.

Revenue

Revenue was $2.9 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $1.5 billion, or 105%, increase from $1.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily due to $1.1 billion from higher LNG sales volumes at the Plaquemines Project, partially offset by lower volumes at the Calcasieu Project due to ongoing rectification work, and an increase of $380 million due to higher LNG sales prices. All of the Calcasieu Project facility assets and a portion of the Plaquemines Project facility assets were in service from an accounting perspective and generating revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to only the Calcasieu Project facility assets being in service from an accounting perspective and therefore generating revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The proceeds attributable to test LNG sales generated prior to the Plaquemines Project facilities being in service from an accounting perspective, and therefore recognized as an adjustment to construction in progress and not as revenue, were $38 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.


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Operating Expense

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales was $1.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $694 million, or 190%, increase from $365 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was due to $411 million from higher LNG sales volumes at the Plaquemines Project, partially offset by lower volumes at the Calcasieu Project due to ongoing rectification work, an increase of $243 million from higher natural gas prices, and a $38 million unfavorable change in the fair value of our natural gas supply contracts. All of the Calcasieu Project facility and a portion of the Plaquemines facility assets were in service from an accounting perspective and incurring cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to only the Calcasieu Project being in service from an accounting perspective for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The costs attributable to the production of test LNG sales incurred prior to the Plaquemines Project facilities being in service from an accounting perspective, and therefore recognized as an adjustment to construction in progress and not as cost of sales, was $16 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Operating and Maintenance Expense

Operating and maintenance expense was $252 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $143 million, or 131%, increase from $109 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily due to higher operating costs of $48 million in support of LNG production at the Plaquemines Project primarily due to an increase in non-capitalizable personnel costs, commissioning work, and operational insurance costs, $49 million in operating costs primarily for our LNG tankers with no corresponding costs in 2024, and $44 million of higher operating costs at the Calcasieu Project primarily to support ongoing commissioning and remediation work and legal costs.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense was $105 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $33 million, or 46%, increase from $72 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily due to increased personnel costs of $23 million due to an increase in employee headcount and project milestone bonuses.

Development Expense

Development expense was $182 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $1 million, or 1%, increase from $181 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization was $216 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $146 million, or 209%, increase from $70 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily due to $15.8 billion of property, plant and equipment at the Plaquemines Project being in service from an accounting perspective as of March 31, 2025, compared to no Plaquemines Project assets being in service from an accounting perspective as of March 31, 2024.

Income from Operations

Income from operations was $1.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $463 million, or 75%, increase from $617 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily a result of higher sales volumes at the Plaquemines Project and higher weighted average prices of LNG partially offset by higher cost of feed gas, depreciation, and operating and maintenance expense.



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Other Income or Expense

Interest Income

Interest income was $56 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $17 million, or 23%, decrease from $73 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This decrease was primarily due to lower interest rates and lower average cash balances at corporate during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net was $276 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $90 million, or 48%, increase from $186 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily due to higher interest costs associated with increased debt outstanding at the Plaquemines Project and corporate. These increases were partially offset by lower commitment fees at the Plaquemines Project.

Gain (loss) on Interest Rate Swaps

Loss on interest rate swaps was $192 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $566 million, or 151%, decrease from a gain on interest rate swaps of $374 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This decrease was primarily due to an unfavorable change of $540 million on the Plaquemines Project interest rate swaps, due to a decrease in the forward interest rate curves, and an unfavorable change of $26 million on the Calcasieu Project interest rate swaps, due to a decrease in the forward interest rate curves over lower notional amounts for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Loss on Financing Transactions

Loss on financing transactions was nil for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $5 million decrease from $5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This decrease was due to the write-off of debt issuance costs associated with the partial prepayment of the PL Holdings Credit Facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024, with no corresponding activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Income before Income Tax Expense

Income before income tax expense was $668 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $205 million, or 23%, decrease from $873 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This decrease was primarily a result of an unfavorable change in interest rate swaps, partially offset by an increase in income from operations primarily resulting from higher sales volumes at the Plaquemines Project and higher weighted average prices of LNG, partially offset by higher cost of feed gas, depreciation, and operating and maintenance expense as discussed above.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $151 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $24 million, or 14%, decrease from $175 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Our effective tax rate was 22.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 20.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The 2025 effective tax rate was impacted by non-deductible expenses, and changes in the valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets.



35



Net Income

Net income was $517 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $181 million, or 26%, decrease from $698 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This decrease was primarily a result of an unfavorable change in interest rate swaps, higher cost of sales, depreciation, and operating and maintenance expense partially offset by higher revenue due to increased sales volumes and prices as discussed above.

Net Income Attributable to Redeemable Stock of Subsidiary

Net income attributable to redeemable stock of subsidiary was $38 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $3 million, or 9%, increase from $35 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was due to 2025 paid-in-kind distributions on the CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units.

Net Income Attributable to Non-controlling Interests

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests was $15 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Dividends on VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares

Dividends on VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares were $68 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. This increase was due to the September 2024 issuance of the VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares and the corresponding accumulation of dividends. There was no similar activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders

Net income attributable to common stockholders was $396 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a $252 million, or 39%, decrease from $648 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, due to the changes discussed above.

Segment Results of Operations

We have four reportable segments, which consist of the Calcasieu Project, the Plaquemines Project, the CP2 Project, and the DS&S business. Each LNG project includes activity of both the respective liquefaction and export terminal and the associated pipeline facilities that will supply the natural gas to that export terminal. The DS&S business is engaged in the sale and delivery of LNG to our customers and includes the operating costs associated with our fleet of LNG tankers. Activities relating to certain development stage projects, overhead costs not directly associated with our reportable segments (for example, general and administrative and marketing expenses), and inter-segment eliminations are not material and therefore are included in corporate, other and eliminations. Prior to the three months ended March 31, 2025, we had three reportable segments, which consisted of the Calcasieu Project, the Plaquemines Project and the CP2 Project. Prior period presentations have been recast to conform to the current segment reporting structure.



36



Three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to three months ended March 31, 2024

The following table shows a summary of our segment income (loss) from operations for the periods indicated:

Three months ended March 31,Change
20252024($)(%)
Calcasieu Project$902 $894 $%
Plaquemines Project415 (56)471 NM
CP2 Project
(163)(152)(11)%
DS&S
32 (5)37 NM
Corporate, other and eliminations(1)
(106)(64)(42)66 %
Total$1,080 $617 $463 75 %
____________
(1)Includes costs associated with the CP3 Project, the Delta Project, our pipeline development projects and certain corporate activities.
NM     Percentage not meaningful.

Calcasieu Project

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Calcasieu Project had income from operations of $902 million, a $8 million, or 1%, increase from $894 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

This increase was primarily due to:
an increase in revenue of $223 million primarily due to an increase in LNG sales prices of $380 million, partially offset by a reduction in sales volume due to ongoing commissioning and remediation work of $157 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
This net favorable change was partially offset by:
an increase in cost of sales of $171 million due to an increase in the average cost of natural gas of $200 million, partially offset by a reduction in LNG sales volumes of $38 million; and
an increase in operating and maintenance expense of $44 million, primarily due to higher operating costs to support ongoing commissioning and remediation work, and legal costs.

Plaquemines Project

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Plaquemines Project had income from operations of $415 million, a $471 million increase from a loss from operations of $56 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

This increase was primarily due to:
an increase in revenue of $1.2 billion due to the sale of LNG produced by the Plaquemines Project compared to no revenue for the corresponding period in 2024.
This net favorable change was partially offset by:
an increase in cost of sales of $540 million, due to the sale of LNG produced by the Plaquemines Project compared to no cost of sales for the comparative period in 2024;
an increase in depreciation and amortization expense of $131 million from placing $15.8 billion of the facility's assets in service from an accounting perspective in December 2024 and the first quarter of 2025; and
an increase in operating and maintenance expense of $48 million primarily due to higher operating costs in support of LNG production including higher non-capitalizable personnel costs, commissioning work, and operational insurance costs.


37




CP2 Project

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the CP2 Project had a loss from operations of $163 million, an $11 million, or 7%, increase from $152 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in general and administrative expense of $9 million due to higher milestone bonuses and the cost of other administrative services.

DS&S

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, DS&S had income from operations of $32 million, a $37 million increase from a loss from operations of $5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

This increase was primarily due to:
revenue of $481 million generated from the sale of delivered LNG produced by our Plaquemines Project and our Calcasieu Project by DS&S with no corresponding revenue in 2024.
This net favorable change was partially offset by:
cost of sales of $392 million, primarily due to the cost of delivered LNG purchased from our Plaquemines Project and Calcasieu Project by DS&S with no corresponding cost of sales in 2024; and
operating and maintenance expense of $49 million, primarily due to operating costs for our LNG tankers with no corresponding costs in 2024.

Corporate, other and eliminations

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, corporate, other and eliminations had a loss from operations of $106 million, a $42 million, or 66%, increase from $64 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

This increase was primarily due to:
an increase in corporate loss from operations of $26 million primarily due to higher general and administrative expenses for increased personnel costs associated with an increase in employee headcount; and
an increase in inter-segment eliminations of $19 million, which includes intercompany DS&S sales of LNG purchased from the Calcasieu Project and the Plaquemines Project.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

We have been generating proceeds from the sale of LNG at the Calcasieu Project since the first quarter of 2022 and at the Plaquemines Project since January 2025. We may incur significant costs as we continue to develop our existing and other potential natural gas liquefaction and export projects, pipeline infrastructure projects, and other complementary gas transportation projects and activities.

Sources and Uses of Cash

We expect to meet our short-term cash requirements using operating cash flows and available liquidity, consisting of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and available borrowing capacity under our existing credit facilities. Additionally, we expect to meet our long-term cash requirements by using operating cash flows and other future potential sources of liquidity, which may include debt and equity offerings by us or our subsidiaries.



38



The following table provides a summary of our cash and available borrowing capacity under existing credit facilities as of March 31, 2025:
March 31, 2025
Cash and cash equivalents$3,605 
Restricted cash429 
Available borrowing capacity under our credit facilities(1):
Calcasieu Pass Working Capital Facility247 
Plaquemines Working Capital Facility485 
Total available borrowing capacity under our credit facilities732 
Total cash and available borrowing capacity$4,766 
__________
(1)Available borrowing capacity represents total borrowing capacity less outstanding borrowings and letters of credit under each of our credit facilities as of March 31, 2025.

On April 15, 2025, the Calcasieu Project declared COD. Following COD of the Calcasieu Project and the final distribution of the net proceeds from sales under LNG Commissioning Sales Agreements, but prior to August 19, 2027, no distributions of available cash will be permitted from Calcasieu Funding to VGLNG until any accumulated accrued distributions on the CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units have been fully settled in cash. Further, on and after August 19, 2027, no distributions of available cash will be permitted from Calcasieu Funding to VGLNG until the CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units have been fully redeemed in cash. In this context, available cash means funds in excess of cash deemed necessary by management to fund Calcasieu Pass's operating costs, including debt service requirements, during this period. As of March 31, 2025, the CP Funding Redeemable Preferred Units had a redemption value of $1.6 billion of which $667 million was related to accrued distributions. For the risk factors related to our business, see Item 1.—Business and Item 1A.— Risk Factors on our 2024 Form 10-K.

We commence production at our LNG projects on a sequential basis, with each liquefaction train being brought online as it is commissioned. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Calcasieu Project and the Plaquemines Project generated $852 million and $564 million of cash flow from operations, respectively.

Cash Flows

Three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to three months ended March 31, 2024

The following table shows a summary of our condensed consolidated cash flows for the periods indicated:

Three months ended March 31,Change
20252024($)(%)
Net cash from operating activities$1,114 $638 $476 75 %
Net cash used by investing activities(3,470)(3,140)(330)11 %
Net cash from financing activities1,776 1,718 58 %
Operating activities
Net cash from operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $1.1 billion, a $476 million, or 75%, increase from $638 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The net increase in cash inflows was primarily due to:
an increase of $1.2 billion of cash received for the sale of LNG.
This increase in net cash inflows from operating activities was partially offset by:
an increase of $301 million of cash paid for costs of sales, primarily for the purchase of natural gas;
an increase of $240 million of cash paid for operating expenses; and
an increase of $129 million of cash paid for interest expense.


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Investing activities

Net cash used by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $3.5 billion, a $330 million, or 11%, increase from $3.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The net increase in cash outflows was primarily due to:
an increase in purchases of property, plant and equipment of $468 million primarily related to:
an increase in cash paid at corporate of $258 million, primarily for our pipeline projects;
an increase in cash paid for construction of $127 million at the Plaquemines Project; and
an increase in cash paid for construction of LNG tankers of $74 million for our DS&S business.

Financing activities

Net cash from financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $1.8 billion, a $58 million, or 3%, increase from $1.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The net increase in cash inflows was primarily due to:
proceeds from the issuance of Class A Common Stock of $1.8 billion in connection with our IPO in January 2025, with no similar activity during the same period in 2024;
a decrease in debt principal payments of $181 million primarily due to the prepayment of $184 million of the PL Holdings Credit Facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
These net increases to cash inflows were partially offset by:
a decrease in proceeds from project credit facilities of $1.8 billion due to proceeds from the Plaquemines Credit Facilities of $383 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to proceeds of $2.2 billion for the same period in 2024;
dividend payments and distributions of $175 million in 2025 with no corresponding activity in 2024 for:
$135 million of dividends paid on the VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares; and
$40 million of dividends paid on the Company's outstanding common stock.

VGLNG Information

There are no material differences between the financial information presented on this Form 10-Q and VGLNG's financial information other than (i) certain presentational differences related to the accounting for the VGLNG Series A Preferred Shares, and (ii) stockholders’ equity of Venture Global, including the Class A and Class B common stock and any dividends payable thereon.

Key Trends and Uncertainties

During 2025 and beyond, we expect to face the following uncertainties related to our business. Management expects that, in the near term, growth from increased LNG production volumes and associated revenues, as construction and commissioning progresses at the Plaquemines Project, may lessen or offset these uncertainties. If this does not occur, or if the challenges described below or elsewhere impact us to a greater degree than we currently anticipate, it may have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows. We continue to monitor our operations and address challenges as they arise. For the risk factors related to our business, see Item 1.—Business and Item 1A.— Risk Factors on our 2024 Form 10-K.

Macroeconomic

General macroeconomic uncertainty may result in conditions that could exacerbate some of the risks that affect our business. This includes evolving tariff structures and any potential impact on global economic activity, potential labor shortages, heightened inflation, capital market volatility, and exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations.

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Tariffs — The global trade landscape is currently highly volatile. Various countries have announced plans for and/or have already implemented new or modified tariffs. On April 2, 2025, the United States announced broad reciprocal tariffs on imports from all countries. This included a 10% baseline tariff and higher country-specific tariffs. This resulted in other countries announcing additional retaliatory tariffs or plans for retaliatory tariffs. Global economic uncertainty and any related reduction in economic activity or capital investment may slow growth in global GDP or lead to global recession, potentially resulting in reduced demand for LNG. Accordingly, these tariffs and any retaliatory actions from other countries could have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows through reduced demand and competitiveness for both our long term and short term contract sales in countries that may be affected by those policies, and increased project costs for future imported equipment and materials. The Company continues to monitor this dynamic situation.

Labor market — A recent shortage in the labor pool of skilled workers to construct LNG facilities and other major infrastructure projects could make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel for future projects. In addition, competition for skilled labor from other LNG projects under development in Louisiana could exacerbate this shortage, potentially increasing labor retention costs. This could materially increase our estimated project costs, which include significant labor costs, and could have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Capital markets and interest rates — Capital markets have experienced recent volatility and liquidity constraints due to uncertainty around the global economic impact of tariffs and inflation. Such volatility may adversely impact access to the market for corporate or project lending or lead to higher borrowing costs. Inflationary concerns could lead the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates, which could also increase our cost of borrowing. We aim to mitigate our exposure to interest rate volatility through interest rate swaps, but we will not be able to mitigate all interest rate risk.

Geopolitical

The future geopolitical environment is uncertain. Changes in the geopolitical environment could affect the demand and market prices for our products. This includes reduced demand globally for LNG should geopolitical uncertainty result in reduced global trade and economic activity, increased competition in European markets from the potential reintroduction of Russian sourced natural gas, trade negotiations with customers in politically sensitive regions, potential selective sourcing of LNG by the People's Republic of China, and other potential implications. The Company continues to monitor the impact these trends and uncertainties could have on our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Regulatory

Recent shifts in U.S. environmental and energy policy have resulted in increased opportunities to continue the development of our various projects. This includes the DOE lifting its pause on new authorizations to export LNG to non-FTA nations, the DOE's conditional approval of the CP2 Project in March 2025, and continued progress of the CP2 Project with the FERC. While we cannot predict whether these trends will continue or whether our applications, approvals or permits will attract significant opposition in the permitting processes, we intend to continue to progress our projects through the various permitting and regulatory channels over their expected timelines. Any future significant changes in this trend could have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Post-COD SPAs

The Calcasieu Project is involved in disputes and arbitration proceedings with certain of its post-COD SPA customers. Such customers are asserting, among other claims, that the Calcasieu Project is delayed in achieving COD under our post-COD SPAs. The remedies sought by these customers include damages ranging between $6.7 billion and $7.4 billion (which is potentially subject to increase with the passage of time until COD occurs), rather than the termination of the post-COD SPA. These disputes are subject to the relevant seller aggregate liability cap of approximately $1.6 billion under the relevant post-COD SPAs. Certain of these customers are also disputing whether the liability limitations in the Calcasieu Project's post-COD SPAs are applicable, and therefore are claiming
41


damages, including amounts in excess of the liability limitations. For further discussion, see Item 1A.—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Regulation and Litigation—If we are unsuccessful in any current or potential future arbitration proceedings with customers, the amounts that we are required to pay may be substantial or certain of our post-COD SPAs may be terminated, which may lead to an acceleration of all our debt for the relevant project on our 2024 Form 10-K.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We evaluate our assumptions on an ongoing basis. While we believe the estimates used in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements are appropriate, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For a summary of recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 20 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements in Item 1.—Financial Statements on this Form 10-Q.

ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There have been no material changes to the market risks disclosed in our 2024 Form 10-K.

ITEM 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the appropriate time periods, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure.

We, under the supervision of and with participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2025.

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PART II

ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved, and in the future may become involved, in various claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of our business from time to time. We regularly analyze current information and, as necessary, provide accruals for probable liabilities on the eventual disposition of these matters.

On February 17, 2025, a putative securities class action complaint naming Venture Global, our directors and certain of our officers was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The complaint asserts claims under Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act on behalf of a putative class of all persons and entities who purchased or otherwise acquired our Class A common stock pursuant and/or traceable to the registration statement for the IPO. It contends that certain statements made by the Company and certain of its officers and directors in the registration statement and prospectus for the IPO were allegedly false or misleading and seeks unspecified damages on behalf of the putative class. The Company believes these claims are without merit and intends to defend itself vigorously.

Further, on April 15, 2025, a putative securities class action complaint naming Venture Global, our directors and certain of our officers and certain of our underwriters was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. The complaint asserts claims under Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act on behalf of a putative class of all persons and entities who purchased or otherwise acquired our Class A common stock pursuant and/or traceable to the registration statement for the IPO. It contends that certain statements made by the Company and certain of its officers and directors in the registration statement and prospectus for the IPO were allegedly false or misleading and seeks unspecified damages on behalf of the putative class. The Company believes these claims are without merit and intends to defend itself vigorously.

Further, on May 7, 2025, a putative shareholder derivative action complaint naming Venture Global, our directors, certain of our officers and certain of our underwriters was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. The complaint contends that certain statements made by the Company and certain of its officers and directors in the registration statement and prospectus for the IPO were allegedly false or misleading. The complaint asserts breaches of fiduciary duties, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, unjust enrichment, and aiding and abetting, and seeks unspecified damages for such breaches. The Company believes these claims are without merit and intends to defend itself vigorously.

ITEM 1A.     RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes with respect to the risk factors disclosed in our 2024 Form 10-K.

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ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following table contains information about purchases of our equity securities by affiliated purchasers as defined in Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Period
Total number of shares purchased(1)
Average price
paid per share
Total number of
shares purchased as
part of publicly
announced plans or programs
Maximum number
of shares that may
yet be purchased
under the plans or
programs
March 1, 2025 - March 31, 2025
2,371,770$10.10 — — 
Total
2,371,770 $10.10 — — 
__________
(1)All such purchases during the three months ended March 31, 2025, occurred in open market transactions.

We did not purchase any of our equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

ITEM 3.     DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.     OTHER INFORMATION

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, none of our executive officers or directors adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan or adopted or terminated a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).

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ITEM 6.     EXHIBITS

Exhibit NumberDescription
3.1†
3.2†
4.1†
 10.1§
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

Incorporated by reference.
§Portions of this exhibit have been omitted in compliance with Regulation S-K, Item 601(a)(6) and/or Item 601(b)(10)(iv).
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 12, 2025

VENTURE GLOBAL, INC.
By:
/s/ Jonathan Thayer
Name: Jonathan Thayer
Title: Chief Financial Officer (on behalf of the registrant and as principal financial officer)

By:
/s/ Sarah Blake
Name: Sarah Blake
Title: Chief Accounting Officer (on behalf of the registrant and as principal accounting officer)


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