UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.
FORM
For the quarterly period ended
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission File No.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities Registered under Section 12(b) of the
Exchange Act:
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
(1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for the past 90 days. Yes ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405
of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |
| Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as
defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock,
$.001 par value (being the only class of its common stock), is
PART I- FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
1
Ludwig Enterprises, Inc.
Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Inventory | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Deferred offering cost | ||||||||
| Note receivable | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Notes payable | ||||||||
| Convertible notes payable, net | ||||||||
| Due to related parties | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||
| Preferred stock: | ||||||||
| Common stock: | ||||||||
| Additional paid in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Stockholders’ Deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited financial statements.
2
Ludwig Enterprises, Inc.
Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||
| General and administration expenses | ||||||||
| Research and development | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||
| Net loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||||
| Interest income | - | |||||||
| Other income | ||||||||
| Inducement expense | ( | ) | ||||||
| Finance expense | ( | ) | ||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Amortization of debt discount | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total other expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net loss before taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Income tax benefit | ||||||||
| Loss from continuing operations | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Loss from discontinued operation, net of tax | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Basic and diluted loss from continuing operations per common share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Basic and diluted income from discontinued operations per common share | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Basic and diluted loss per common share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited financial statements.
3
Ludwig Enterprises, Inc.
Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit
(Unaudited)
For the three months ended March 31, 2025
| Convertible | Additional | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Paid in | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued for services | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2024
| Convertible Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Common
Stock Issuable | Additional Paid in | Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issuable for services | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issuable for note extension included in inducement expense | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrant issued for commitment fee | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited financial statements.
4
Ludwig Enterprises, Inc.
Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Stock issued for services | ||||||||
| Stock warrants issued for finance cost | ||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | ||||||||
| Inducement expense | ||||||||
| Interest income | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Net Cash Used in Operating Activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | ||||||||
| Deferred offering cost | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from related parties | ||||||||
| Proceeds from convertible notes payable - net | ||||||||
| Cash advance from investor | ||||||||
| Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | ||||||||
| Net change in cash | ||||||||
| Cash, beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash, end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental cash flow information: | ||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | ||||||
| Cash paid for taxes | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activity | ||||||||
| Original issuance debt and guaranteed interest as debt discount | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited financial statements.
5
LUDWIG ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONDENSED NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the three months ended March 31, 2025
(Unaudited)
Note 1 – Organization and Nature of Operations
Organization and Nature of Operations
Ludwig Enterprises, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”), a Nevada Corporation (incorporated February 2006).
The Company is currently seeking to develop products and services through the use of cutting-edge technologies in the health care industry.
Liquidity, Going Concern and Management’s Plans
These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.
As reflected in the accompanying financial statements, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had:
| ● | Net
loss of $ |
|
| ● | Net
cash used in operations was $ |
Additionally, at March 31, 2025, the Company had:
| ● | Accumulated
deficit of $ | |
| ● | Stockholders’ deficit of $ | |
| ● | Working capital deficit of $ |
The Company has cash on hand of $
These factors create substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within the twelve-month period subsequent to the date that these financial statements are issued.
The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared on a basis that assumes the Company will continue as a going concern and which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the ordinary course of business.
Management’s strategic plans include the following:
| ● | Execute business operations more fully during the year ended December 31, 2025, | |
| ● | Seek out strategic acquisitions of health care technology; and | |
| ● | Explore prospective partnership opportunities |
6
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The accompanying interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information in accordance with Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the Company’s opinion, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025, are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. While management of the Company believes that the disclosures presented herein are adequate and not misleading, these unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the footnotes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, contained in the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025.
Use of Estimates
Preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and those estimates may be material.
Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions, which include both quantitative and qualitative assessments that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Significant estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 include valuation of stock-based compensation, uncertain tax positions, the fair value determination of investment in convertible preferred stock, and the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company accounts for financial instruments under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements. ASC 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures regarding fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, based on the Company’s principal or, in absence of a principal, most advantageous market for the specific asset or liability.
The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy to classify and disclose all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, in periods subsequent to their initial measurement. The hierarchy requires the Company to use observable inputs when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs, when determining fair value.
The three tiers are defined as follows:
| ● | Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted market prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets; | |
| ● | Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly in the marketplace for identical or similar assets and liabilities; and | |
| ● | Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market data, which require the Company to develop its own assumptions. |
7
The determination of fair value and the assessment of a measurement’s placement within the hierarchy requires judgment. Level 3 valuations often involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity. Level 3 valuations may require the use of various cost, market, or income valuation methodologies applied to unobservable management estimates and assumptions. Management’s assumptions could vary depending on the asset or liability valued and the valuation method used. Such assumptions could include estimates of prices, earnings, costs, actions of market participants, market factors, or the weighting of various valuation methods. The Company may also engage external advisors to assist us in determining fair value, as appropriate.
Although the Company believes that the recorded fair value of our financial instruments is appropriate, these fair values may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values.
The Company’s financial instruments are carried at historical cost. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, the carrying amounts of these instruments approximated their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.
ASC 825-10 “Financial Instruments” allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (“fair value option”). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to any outstanding financial instruments.
Investment in convertible preferred stock
The Company elected the measurement alternative for these investments without readily determinable fair values and for which the Company does not control or have the ability to exercise considerable influence over operating and financial policies.
The non-marketable equity securities are carried at cost less any impairment, adjusted for observable price changes of similar investments of the same issuer. On a quarterly basis, the Company performs a qualitative assessment to evaluate whether the investment is impaired. If there are sufficient indicators that the fair value of the investment is less than the carrying value, the carrying value of the investment is reduced and an impairment is recorded in the statements of operations as other expense.
At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company
held
Convertible Notes with Fixed Rate Conversion Options
The Company may enter into convertible notes, some of which may contain fixed rate conversion features, whereby the outstanding principal and accrued interest may be converted, by the holder, into common shares at a fixed discount to the price of the common stock at the time of conversion. The Company measures the fair value of the notes at the time of issuance.
Debt Discount
For certain notes issued, the Company may provide the debt holder with an original issue discount. The original issue discount is recorded as a debt discount, reducing the face amount of the note, and is amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt, in the Statements of Operations.
Debt Issue Cost
Debt issuance cost paid to lenders, or third parties are recorded as debt discounts and amortized to interest expense over the life of the underlying debt instrument, in the Statements of Operations.
8
Research and Development
The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with ASC subtopic 730-10, Research and Development (“ASC 730-10”).
Under ASC 730-10, all research and development costs must be charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and development costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed or as milestone results have been achieved as defined under the applicable agreement. Company-sponsored research and development costs related to both present and future products are expensed in the period incurred.
The Company incurred research and development
expenses of $
Advertising Costs
Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising and marketing costs are included as a component of general and administrative expense in the statements of operations. Marketing and advertising costs primarily consisted of preparation of our go-to-market strategy, development of our consumer packaging and website design.
The Company recognized $
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for our stock-based compensation under ASC 718 “Compensation – Stock Compensation” using the fair value-based method. Under this method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period. This guidance establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges it equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments.
The Company uses the fair value method for equity instruments granted to non-employees and use the Black-Scholes model for measuring the fair value of options.
The fair value of stock-based compensation is determined as of the date of the grant or the date at which the performance of the services is completed (measurement date) and is recognized over the vesting periods.
When determining fair value, the Company considers the following assumptions in the Black-Scholes model:
| ● | Exercise price, | |
| ● | Expected dividends, | |
| ● | Expected volatility, | |
| ● | Risk-free interest rate; and | |
| ● | Expected life of option |
Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share
Pursuant to ASC 260-10-45, basic loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the periods presented. Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock, common stock equivalents and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares may consist of common stock issuable for stock options and warrants (using the treasury stock method), convertible preferred stock, convertible notes and common stock issuable. These common stock equivalents may be dilutive in the future.
9
At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, the Company had the following common stock equivalents, which are potentially dilutive equity securities:
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Convertible Preferred Stock | ||||||||
| Convertible notes | ||||||||
| Warrant | ||||||||
Each share of preferred stock (
Segment report
Our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) is the chief operating decision maker who reviews financial information on a basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. Accordingly, we determined we operate in a single reporting segment – developing products that use mRNA genetic biomarkers to potentially assess the occurrence of inflammation, and, as a result, inflammation related chronic diseases. Within this segment, our products will be sold into the Medical markets.
Our CEO assesses performance and decides how to allocate resources primarily based on net income, which is reported on our Statements of Operations. Total assets on the Balance Sheets represent our segment assets.
Recent Accounting Standards
Changes to accounting principles are established by the FASB in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU’s”) to the FASB’s Codification. We consider the applicability and impact of all ASU’s on our financial position, results of operations, stockholders’ deficit, cash flows, or presentation thereof. Management has evaluated all recent accounting pronouncements as issued by the FASB in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) through the date these financial statements were available to be issued and found the following recent accounting pronouncements issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, are not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, ASC Subtopic “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (ASC 220-40): Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures”. The amendments require additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this standard on its financial statements.
We do not expect the adoption of this pronouncement will have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
Note 3 – Discontinued Operations
On December 31, 2024, the Company entered into
a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Exousia SPA”) with Marijuana, Inc., a publicly-traded Florida corporation (symbol: MAJI)
(“Purchaser”), pursuant to which Purchaser would purchase
The purchase price under the Exousia SPA for
10
In October 2024, the Company dissolved the two subsidiaries, mRNA for Life, Inc. and Precision Genomics, Inc.
The above restructuring of subsidiaries will have an effect on the Company’s operations and financials results and this qualifies for presentation as a discontinued operation.
The following is a summary of discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
| Three months ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating Expenses: | ||||||||
| General and administration expenses | ||||||||
| Research and development | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Income tax benefit | ||||||||
| Loss from discontinued operation, net of tax | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
The following is a summary of discontinued cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
| Three months ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | - | - | ||||||
| Net Cash Used in Operating Activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds received from parent company | ||||||||
| Repayments to parent company | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net change in cash | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash, beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash, end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
Note 4 – Notes Payable and Convertible Notes Payable
Notes Payable - Net
Between June 2012 and October 2023, the Company issued promissory notes
to 13 individuals in the aggregate of $
Convertible Notes Payable - Net
The Company had the following activity related to its convertible notes payable:
| Balance - December 31, 2024 | $ | |||
| Proceeds (face amount of note) | ||||
| Balance - December 31, 2025 | $ |
11
Convertible Notes Payable are summarized as follows:
Notes issued in 2024
Between March 2024 and November 2024, the Company the Company entered
into securities purchase agreements (the “SPAs”) with 16 individuals in the aggregate of $
Note issued in 2025
In January, 2025, the Company entered into securities
purchase agreements (the “SPAs”) with 2 individuals, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to the Investors Promissory
Notes (the “Notes”), in the aggregate principal amount of $
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding Convertible
Notes Payable of $
Modification and Extinguishment of Convertible Notes Payable
The Company evaluated the modification of terms under ASC 470-50, “Debt - Modification and Extinguishment”, and concluded that the extension of the maturity dates did not result in significant and consequential changes to the economic substance of the debt, and thus resulted in a modification of the debt and not an extinguishment of the debt. Accordingly, no gain or loss on debt extinguishment was recorded.
Specifically, on the date of modification, the
Company determined that the present value of the cash flows of the modified debt instruments were less than
See below for discussion of inducement expense.
Inducements
In March 2024, the Company recorded
Interest expense and amortization of debt discount
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and
2024, the Company recorded interest expense for notes payable and convertible notes of $
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and
2024, the Company recorded amortization of debt discount of $
12
Note 5 – Commitments and Contingencies
On November 15, 2023, we entered into a Financial
Advisory Services Agreement with Thornhill Advisory Group, Inc. (f/k/aEverAsia Financial Group, Inc.), a financial consulting firm owned
by Scott J. Silverman, who, in conjunction with the execution the CFO Agreement, was appointed as our Chief Financial Officer. Under the
CFO Agreement, the Company is obligated to make monthly payments of $
Beginning from the execution date of the CFO Agreement
and continuing until the Company raises $
| Funds Raised | Paid Monthly | Accrued Monthly | ||||||
| $0 – $250,000 | $ | $ | ||||||
| $250,000 – $750,000 | $ | $ | ||||||
Upon the Company’s raising of $
On April 1, 2024, Jose Antonio Reyes. signed an
Offer Letter for his employment as our Chief Operating Officer. In September 2024, Mr. Reyes was named as our Chief Executive Officer.
Pursuant to the terms of his employment, the Company is obliged to make monthly payments to Mr. Reyes of $
In August 2024, the Company acquired patent pending
(“Patent”) for an mRNA Neuro Panel and Serotonin Assay, which Patent was lodged by Nova on or about April 26, 2024, as U.S.
Patent Application 18/705375, International Publication Number WO 2023/077245, captioned as “Diagnosing, Monitoring and Treating
Neurological Disease with Psychoactive Tryptamine Derivatives and mRNA Measurements” (“IP” or “Patent”)
from Nova Mentis Life Science Corp. in exchange for the issuance of
Note 6 – Stockholders’ Deficit
The Company has two (2) classes of stock:
Common Stock
| ● | ||
| ● | $ | |
| ● | Voting at |
Preferred Stock
In May 2022 and December 2022, the Company’s
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, authorized the issuance of
13
The Board of Directors has made the following designations of its preferred stock.
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
| ● | ||
| ● | $ | |
| ● | Conversion feature–-each share of preferred stock is convertible into
| |
| ● | Voting–-on an as converted basis with common stock, at the applicable
conversion rate ( | |
| ● | Dividends–-accrued only upon declaration of the board of directors, at the applicable conversion rate. | |
| ● | Mandatorily redeemable (automatic conversion) on January 1, 2025. (See below amendment) | |
| ● | Anti-dilution provision – rights exist for the period of two years
after the convertible preferred shares were converted into common stock. Additionally, holders of the convertible preferred stock will
have full ratchet anti-dilution protection rights at the rate of |
In connection with the issuance of these Series A convertible preferred shares, the Company determined that there were no provisions within ASC 815 that were met, which would require derivative liability accounting treatment. Specifically, as noted below, upon amending the terms of the Series A, convertible preferred stock, at that time, there had been no new stock issuances of any type which may have triggered the anti-dilution provision.
In December 2022, the Company amended its articles of incorporation related to certain terms of its Series A convertible preferred stock. At that time, the Company, along with approval from its convertible preferred stockholders agreed to remove provisions related to mandatory redemption as well as anti-dilution rights.
At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company
had
Equity Transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2025
Common Stock
On February 5, 2025, the Company issued
At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had
Note 7 – Warrants
A summary of the activity of the warrants during the three months ended March 31, 2025, is follows:
| Weighted average | Weighted average | |||||||||||
| Number of Warrant | Exercise price | Remaining life (year) | ||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||
| Grant | - | |||||||||||
| Exercised | - | |||||||||||
| Cancelled | - | |||||||||||
| Outstanding at March 31, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||
| Exercisable at March 31, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||
The intrinsic value of the warrants as of March 31, 2025, is $
14
Note 8 – Related party transactions
The Company had the following activity related to its due to related party:
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Due on demand loan with | $ | $ | ||||||
| Note payable | ||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
In December, 2024, the Company issued a Promissory
Note to our former chief executive officer (“CEO”) in the principal amount of $
On March 10, 2025, the Company issued a Promissory
Note to our chief executive officer (“CEO”) in the principal amount of $
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, our
CEO paid operating expense of $
Note 9 – Subsequent Events
On April 3, 2025, the Company entered into Note
Extension and Modification Agreements with 11 of our Noteholders, extending the maturity dates on their Notes to December 31, 2025.
In April and May, 2025, the Company entered into
securities purchase agreements (the “SPAs”) with 8 individuals, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to the Investors
Promissory Notes (the “Notes”), in the aggregate principal amount of $
On May 1, 2025, the Company redeemed a Promissory
Note with a principal balance of $
In May, 2025, the Company redeemed a promissory note made with our
former chief executive officer in the principal amount of $
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of our operations together with our financial statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations, whose actual outcomes involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ materially from those stated in or implied by these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements” and elsewhere herein. Please see the notes to our Financial Statements for information about our Critical Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements.
Forward looking Statements
There are “forward looking statements” contained herein. All statements that express expectations, estimates, forecasts or projections are forward-looking statements. In addition, other written or oral statements which constitute forward-looking statements may be made by us or on our behalf. Words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “may,” “should,” and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions which are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in or suggested by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this quarterly report to conform forward-looking statements to actual results. Important factors on which such statements are based are assumptions concerning uncertainties, including but not limited to, uncertainties associated with the following:
| ● | Inadequate capital and barriers to raising the additional capital or to obtaining the financing needed to implement our business plans; |
| ● | Our failure to earn revenues or profits; |
| ● | Inadequate capital to continue business; |
| ● | Volatility or decline of our stock price; |
| ● | Potential fluctuation in quarterly results; |
| ● | Rapid and significant changes in markets; |
| ● | Litigation with or legal claims and allegations by outside parties; and |
| ● | Insufficient revenues to cover operating costs. |
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited financial statements and the notes thereto which are included in this quarterly report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ substantially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements included in this discussion as a result of various factors.
Overview
We are an innovative technology and health related Company that is developing products that use mRNA-based genetic markers with the potential to measure the presence of inflammation, and, as a result, inflammatory driven diseases and monitor patient response to treatment. Advancements in medical technology have awarded us with cutting edge genetic tools, unheard of even a generation ago. These genetic tools have the potential to not only achieve early detection of diseases but also to support customized treatments that may improve patient outcomes. The Company is at the forefront of this new era of medicine with development of products that will embody our proprietary mRNA genomic technology that has the potential of detecting genetic biomarkers for inflammatory driven diseases, including, but not limited to, heart disease, diabetes, preeclampsia, cancer and “long COVID”.
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Current Financial Condition Summary
We have not yet derived revenues from our operations.
We had a net loss of $540,943 (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Additionally, we had net cash used in operating activities of $89,562 (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2025. At March 31, 2025, we had a working capital deficit of $2,752,716 (unaudited), an accumulated deficit of $7,800,309 (unaudited) and a stockholders’ deficit of $ 2,752,716 (unaudited), which could have a material impact on our ability to obtain needed capital.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the Three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we had revenue from services of $0 and $10, respectively. We expect that revenues from sales of our planned products will begin during the third quarter of 2025.
Operating Expenses. Total operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, were $524,921 and $365,589, respectively. The increase in operating expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2025, was primarily due to a significant increase in our activities relating sales and marketing as we prepare to bring our product to market, as well as the increase in payments of monthly fees to our key consultants and fees for professional services, including accounting and legal.
General and Administrative Expenses. The increase of $85,098 in general and administrative expenses to $450,687 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $365,589 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily due to a significant increase in our activities relating sales and marketing as we prepare to bring our product to market, as well as an increase in our payments of monthly fees to our key consultants and fees for professional services, including accounting and legal.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses of $74,234 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $74,234, were incurred due to our expenditures in the development of our planned products, including the payment of product study-relate expenses.
Other Income/Expense. Total other expense decreased by $1,196,743 to $16,022 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $1,212,765 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in total other expense during the three months ended March 31, 2025, was primarily due to a decrease in inducement expenses associated with our extending notes payable that had reached maturity, a decrease in finance expenses and reduction in amortization of debt discount.
Amortization of Debt Discount. We incurred $0 and $8,000 in amortization of debt discount for OID and guaranteed interest on a convertible note payable during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Interest Expense. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was $20,355 compared to $7,635 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Net Loss. We incurred a net loss of $540,943 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to a net loss of $1,578,344 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily due to an increase in net loss from operations of $159,342 and an increase in interest expenses of $12,720 and reduced by an increase of $2,000 in interest income, an increase in other income of $2,333 a decrease of $520,000 in inducement expenses, a decrease of $677,130 in financing expenses and a decrease of $8,000 in amortization of debt discount. Should we be able to obtain needed capital, as we continue to expand our business activities, we expect that our operating expenses for all of 2025 will be in excess of those incurred during the year ended December 31, 2024. However, we are unable to predict our actual operating expenses for all of 2024, due to the uncertainty surrounding our ability to obtain capital.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
March 31, 2025. At March 31, 2025, the Company had $16,571 in cash and a working capital deficit of $2,752,716 compared to $6,741 in cash and a working capital deficit of $2,378,145, at December 31, 2024. The Company has sufficient working capital to fund current operating expenses at least through the third quarter of 2024. To the extent the Company requires additional funds beyond such time, we will need to obtain additional debt or equity-based capital from third parties to implement our full business plans. There is no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining such additional capital.
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Cash Flows
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities. Net cash used in operating activities was $89,562 during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $102,865 used during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $-0- during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $-0- during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities. Net cash provided by financing activities was $99,342 of net cash during the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $34,000 provided during the three months ended March 31, 2024. All of the cash provided by financing activities was proceeds from convertible promissory notes issued and an advance from a related party.
Notes Payable and Convertible Promissory Notes
Notes Payable - Net
Between June 2012 and October 2023, the Company issued promissory notes to 13 individuals in the aggregate of $1,370,009 with various interest rates ranging from 0% to 12% and maturity dates of September 30, 2025. The promissory notes are unsecured. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding Notes Payable of $1,370,009 and $1,370,000.
Convertible Notes Payable - Net
The Company had the following activity related to its convertible notes payable:
| Balance - December 31, 2024 | $ | 578,708 | ||
| Proceeds (face amount of note) | 100,000 | |||
| Balance - December 31, 2025 | $ | 678,708 |
Convertible Notes Payable are summarized as follows:
Notes issued in 2024
Between March 2024 and November 2024, the Company the Company entered into securities purchase agreements (the “SPAs”) with 16 individuals in the aggregate of $578,708 with an interest rate of 8%. The Notes mature twelve (12) months from the dates of issue. The principal amounts of the notes together with any accrued interest are convertible into common shares at any time prior or at maturity at a price of $0.10 per common share. The Notes, together with any accrued interest, shall automatically convert into common shares at a price of $0.10 per share upon the successful uplisting of the Company’s common stock onto the NASDAQ, CBOE OR NYSE American stock exchanges. .
Note issued in 2025
In January, 2025, the Company entered into securities purchase agreements (the “SPAs”) with 2 individuals, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to the Investors Promissory Notes (the “Notes”), in the aggregate principal amount of $100,000 with an interest rate of 8% per annum. The Notes mature twelve (12) months from the dates of issue. The principal amounts of the notes together with any accrued interest are convertible into common shares at any time prior or at maturity at a price of $0.10 per common share. The Notes, together with any accrued interest, shall automatically convert into common shares at a price of $0.10 per share upon the successful uplisting of the Company’s common stock onto the NASDAQ, CBOE or NYSE American stock exchanges.
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding Convertible Notes Payable of $678,708 and $578,708, respectively.
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Modification and Extinguishment of Convertible Notes Payable
The Company evaluated the modification of terms under ASC 470-50, “Debt - Modification and Extinguishment”, and concluded that the extension of the maturity dates did not result in significant and consequential changes to the economic substance of the debt, and thus resulted in a modification of the debt and not an extinguishment of the debt. Accordingly, no gain or loss on debt extinguishment was recorded.
Specifically, on the date of modification, the Company determined that the present value of the cash flows of the modified debt instruments were less than 10% different from the present value of the remaining cash flows under the original debt instruments.
See below for discussion of inducement expense.
Inducements
In March 2024, the Company recorded 2,080,000 shares of common stock issuable as inducements to 7 individuals for the extension of 7 promissory notes to July 1, 2024, which shares were valued at $0.25 per share. The Company recorded $520,000 as inducement expense in March, 2024.
Interest expense and amortization of debt discount
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded interest expense for notes payable and convertible notes of $20,355 and $7,635, respectively.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded amortization of debt discount of $0 and $8,000, respectively.
Going Concern
The unaudited financial statements included herein have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As reflected in the financial statements, we had a working capital deficit of $2,752,716 at March 31, 2025, and had a net loss of $540,943 (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2025, which raises substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of one year from the issuance of the financial statements.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
At March 31, 2025, we did not have any off balance sheet arrangements that we believe have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.
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Critical Accounting Policies
Our accounting policies are more fully described in our unaudited financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on our best knowledge of current and anticipated events, actual results could differ from the estimates.
We have identified the following accounting policies as those that require significant judgments, assumptions and estimates and that have a significant impact on our financial condition and results of operations. These policies are considered critical because they may result in fluctuations in our reported results from period to period, due to the significant judgments, estimates and assumptions about complex and inherently uncertain matters and because the use of different judgments, assumptions or estimates could have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. We evaluate our critical accounting estimates and judgments required by our policies on an ongoing basis and update them as appropriate based on changing conditions.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company accounts for financial instruments under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements. ASC 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures regarding fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, based on the Company’s principal or, in absence of a principal, most advantageous market for the specific asset or liability.
The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy to classify and disclose all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, in periods subsequent to their initial measurement. The hierarchy requires the Company to use observable inputs when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs, when determining fair value.
The three tiers are defined as follows:
| ● | Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted market prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets; | |
| ● | Level 2 - Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly in the marketplace for identical or similar assets and liabilities; and |
| ● | Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market data, which require the Company to develop its own assumptions. |
The determination of fair value and the assessment of a measurement’s placement within the hierarchy requires judgment. Level 3 valuations often involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity. Level 3 valuations may require the use of various cost, market, or income valuation methodologies applied to unobservable management estimates and assumptions. Management’s assumptions could vary depending on the asset or liability valued and the valuation method used. Such assumptions could include estimates of prices, earnings, costs, actions of market participants, market factors, or the weighting of various valuation methods. The Company may also engage external advisors to assist us in determining fair value, as appropriate.
Derivative Liabilities. The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under FASB ASC Topic No. 480, (“ASC 480”), “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” and FASB ASC Topic No. 815, (“ASC 815”) “Derivatives and Hedging”. Derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each reporting period, with any increase or decrease in the fair value recorded in the results of operations (other income/expense) as change in fair value of derivative liabilities. The Company uses a binomial pricing model to determine fair value of these instruments.
Debt Discount. For certain notes issued, the Company may provide the debt holder with an original issue discount and other direct financing expenses. The original issue discount and financing expenses are recorded as a debt discount, reducing the face amount of the note, and is amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt, in the Statements of Operations.
Research and Development. The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with ASC subtopic 730-10, Research and Development (“ASC 730-10”).
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Under ASC 730-10, all research and development costs must be charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and development costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed or as milestone results have been achieved as defined under the applicable agreement. Company-sponsored research and development costs related to both present and future products are expensed in the period incurred.
Stock-based Compensation. The Company accounts for our stock-based compensation under ASC 718 “Compensation - Stock Compensation” using the fair value-based method. Under this method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period. This guidance establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges it equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments.
The Company uses the fair value method for equity instruments granted to non-employees and use the Black-Scholes model for measuring the fair value of options.
The fair value of stock-based compensation is determined as of the date of the grant or the date at which the performance of the services is completed (measurement date) and is recognized over the vesting periods.
When determining fair value, the Company considers the following assumptions in the Black-Scholes model:
| ● | Exercise price, | |
| ● | Expected dividends, | |
| ● | Expected volatility, | |
| ● | Risk-free interest rate; and | |
| ● | Expected life of option |
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required under this item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in its reports filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely and reliable financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As of the quarter ended March 31, 2025, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer completed an assessment of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), to determine the existence of any material weaknesses or significant deficiencies under the Exchange Act. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting that is less severe than a material weakness, yet important enough to merit attention by those responsible for oversight of the Company’s financial reporting.
Based on that evaluation, we concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures over financial reporting were not effective as of March 31, 2025.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II- OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We have no pending legal or administrative proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required under this item.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we issued no unregistered securities that have not been reported previously.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Item 6. Exhibits
| Exhibit | Description | |
| 31.1* | Certification by Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer with respect to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 | |
| 31.2* | Certification by Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer with respect to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 | |
| 32.1* | Certification pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code by Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer with respect to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 | |
| 101.* | INS Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document). | |
| 101.SCH* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |
| 101.CAL* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |
| 101.DEF* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |
| 101.LAB* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document. | |
| 101.PRE* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |
| 104* | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). |
| * | Filed herewith. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| LUDWIG ENTERPRISES, INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Charles Todd, Jr. | Dated: May 15, 2025 |
| Charles Todd, Jr. | ||
| Chief Executive Officer | ||
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