highwater-20250430

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

	For the quarterly period ended	April 30, 2025

	OR

☐	Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

	For the transition period from to .

	COMMISSION FILE NUMBER
	000-53588

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Minnesota									20-4798531
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)									(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


24500 US Highway 14,	Lamberton,	MN	56152
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip Code)

(507) 752-6160

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

x Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

x Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:


Large Accelerated Filer	☐	Accelerated Filer	☐
Non-accelerated Filer	☒	Smaller Reporting Company	☐
		Emerging Growth Company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: As of June 11, 2025 there were 4,752 membership units outstanding.

INDEX


			Page Number
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION			3
Item 1. Financial Statements			3
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			16
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			26
Item 4. Controls and Procedures			27
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION			27
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			27
Item 1A. Risk Factors			27
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			28
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities			28
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures			28
Item 5. Other Information			28
Item 6. Exhibits			28
SIGNATURES			30

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Condensed Balance Sheets


ASSETS	April 30, 2025		October 31, 2024
	(Unaudited)
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	13,552,259	$	33,830,684
Derivative instruments	392,831		725,159

Accounts receivable	2,839,520		3,280,357
Inventories	14,788,195		14,246,991
Prepaids and other	569,964		817,885
Total current assets	32,142,769		52,901,076

Property and Equipment
Land and land improvements	13,210,145		13,210,145
Buildings	40,119,360		40,119,360
Office equipment	1,314,147		1,251,682
Plant and process equipment	92,765,649		88,359,673
Vehicles	160,259		160,259
Construction in progress	2,674,267		4,681,641
	150,243,827		147,782,760
Less accumulated depreciation	(120,863,568)		(118,140,653)
Net property and equipment	29,380,259		29,642,107

Other Assets
Investments	5,126,527		5,029,580
Right of use asset - finance lease	617,822		686,469
Deposits	452,572		442,724
Total other assets	6,196,921		6,158,773

Total Assets	$	67,719,949	$	88,701,956


LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY	April 30, 2025		October 31, 2024
	(Unaudited)
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	5,182,310	$	17,161,828
Accrued expenses	750,583		1,113,693


Current portion of finance lease liability	143,252		139,375
Total Current Liabilities	6,076,145		18,414,896

Long-Term Liabilities
Finance lease liability, net of current portion	568,073		640,682
Total Long-Term Liabilities	568,073		640,682

Commitments and Contingencies

Members' Equity
Members' equity, 4,752 and 4,754 units outstanding	61,075,731		69,646,378

Total Liabilities and Members’ Equity	$	67,719,949	$	88,701,956

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements are an integral part of this Statement.

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Condensed Unaudited Statements of Operations


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	April 30, 2025		April 30, 2024		April 30, 2025		April 30, 2024

Revenues	$	35,091,022	$	32,543,357	$	68,309,622	$	69,779,814

Cost of Goods Sold	34,543,690		33,339,994		66,791,897		68,939,565

Gross Profit	547,332		(796,637)		1,517,725		840,249

Operating Expenses	1,219,755		1,096,957		2,513,980		2,380,428

Operating Loss	(672,423)		(1,893,594)		(996,255)		(1,540,179)

Other Income (Expense)
Interest income	82,074		174,245		313,598		541,258
Other income	104,377		119,421		207,804		214,132
Interest expense	(50,414)		(52,609)		(111,964)		(115,899)

Income from equity method investments	56,681		53,350		115,420		127,388
Total other income (expense), net	192,718		294,407		524,858		766,879

Net Loss	$	(479,705)	$	(1,599,187)	$	(471,397)	$	(773,300)

Weighted Average Units Outstanding	4,752		4,754		4,753		4,754
Net Loss Per Unit, Basic and Diluted	$	(100.95)	$	(336.39)	$	(99.18)	$	(162.66)
Distributions Declared Per Unit	$	—	$	—	$	1,700	$	3,400

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements are an integral part of this Statement.

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Statements of Changes in Members' Equity (Unaudited)


	Members' Equity

Balance - October 31, 2023	$	79,693,372

Net income for the three-month period ended January 31, 2024	825,887

Member distribution	(16,161,900)



Balance - January 31, 2024	$	64,357,359

Net Loss for the three-month period ended April 30, 2024	(1,599,187)

Member unit repurchase	—

Balance - April 30, 2024	$	62,758,172


	Members' Equity

Balance - October 31, 2024	$	69,646,378

Net income for the three-month period ended January 31, 2025	8,308

Member distribution	(8,079,250)

Member unit repurchase, 1 unit	(10,000)

Balance - January 31, 2025	$	61,565,436

Net Loss for the three-month period ended April 30, 2025	(479,705)

Member unit repurchase, 1 unit	(10,000)

Balance - April 30, 2025	$	61,075,731

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements are an integral part of this Statement.

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Condensed Unaudited Statements of Cash Flows


	Six Months Ended
	April 30, 2025		April 30, 2024

Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$	(471,397)	$	(773,300)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operations
Depreciation and amortization	2,791,562		4,881,288
Distributions in excess of earnings from equity method investments	100,909		193,045
Non-cash patronage income	(323,230)		(380,000)



Changes in working capital components


Accounts receivable	440,837		(315,796)
Inventories	(541,204)		2,884,639
Derivative instruments	332,328		393,070
Prepaids and other	238,072		222,774
Accounts payable	(11,970,445)		(8,837,206)
Accrued expenses	(363,110)		(784,395)
Net cash used in operating activities	(9,765,678)		(2,515,881)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures	(2,470,139)		(1,896,528)
Proceeds from investments	125,374		104,034

Net cash used in investing activities	(2,344,765)		(1,792,494)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Member unit repurchases	(20,000)		—
Payment on finance lease liability	(68,732)		(65,060)
Member distributions	(8,079,250)		(16,161,900)
Net cash used in financing activities	(8,167,982)		(16,226,960)

Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(20,278,425)		(20,535,335)

Cash and Cash equivalents – Beginning of Period	33,830,684		41,519,800

Cash and Cash equivalents – End of Period	$	13,552,259	$	20,984,465

Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for interest	$	20,668	$	24,338

Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Financing and Investing Activities


Capital expenditures included in accounts payable	$	12,419	$	86,888

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements are an integral part of this Statement.

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accompanying unaudited condensed interim financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted as permitted by such rules and regulations. The accompanying balance sheet and related notes as of October 31, 2024 are derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. These condensed financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2024, contained in the Company’s Form 10-K.

In the opinion of management, the interim condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for fair presentation of the Company's financial position as of April 30, 2025 and the results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented.

Nature of Business

Highwater Ethanol, LLC, (a Minnesota Limited Liability Company) operates an ethanol plant near Lamberton, Minnesota. The ethanol plant was constructed as a 50 million gallon per year nameplate ethanol plant. The plant currently operates in excess of its nameplate capacity due to the approval of air permit by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency which allows for 70.2 million gallons of denatured ethanol per 12-month rolling average. The Company produces and sells, primarily through third-party professional marketers, fuel ethanol and co-products of the fuel ethanol production process in the continental United States.

Accounting Estimates

Management uses estimates and assumptions in preparing these financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses. The Company uses estimates and assumptions in accounting for significant matters, among others, inventory valuation and derivative instruments. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to the financial statements. The Company periodically reviews estimates and assumptions and the effects of revisions are reflected in the period in which the revision is made.

Revenue Recognition

ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, further details the Company’s requirement to recognize revenue of transferred goods or services to customers in an amount which is expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. Five steps are required as part of the guidance: 1. Identify the contract 2. Identify the performance obligations 3. Determine the transaction price 4. Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation 5. Recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.

The Company generally sells ethanol and related products pursuant to marketing agreements. The Company’s products are shipped FOB shipping point. The Company recognizes revenue when control of goods is transferred. For ethanol sales by single manifest railcars and trucks, and distillers grains sales, control transfers when loaded. For ethanol sales by unit trains, control transfers once the last railcar of the unit train has loaded and the shipping documentation transferred to the marketer.

In accordance with the Company’s agreements for the marketing and sale of ethanol and related products, marketing fees and freight due to the marketers are deducted from the gross sales price at the time incurred. Revenue is recorded net of these marketing fees and freight as they do not provide an identifiable benefit that is sufficiently separable from the sale of ethanol and related products.

The following is a description of principal activities from which we generate revenue. Revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services.

•ethanol sales

•modified distillers grains sales

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025

•dried distillers grains sales

•corn oil sales

Disaggregation of revenue:

All revenue recognized in the statement of operations is considered to be revenue from contracts with customers. The following table depicts the disaggregation of revenue according to product line for the three and six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024:


	Three Months Ended April 30, 2025		Three Months Ended April 30, 2024		Six Months Ended April 30, 2025		Six Months Ended April 30, 2024
Revenue Sources	Amount		Amount		Amount		Amount

Ethanol Sales	$	27,472,401	$	23,503,555	$	52,560,783	$	49,653,156
Modified Distillers Grains Sales	1,535,452		2,012,253		3,219,046		4,194,306
Dried Distillers Grains Sales	3,545,727		4,492,025		7,378,817		10,196,124
Corn Oil Sales	2,537,442		2,535,524		5,150,976		5,736,228
Total Revenues	$	35,091,022	$	32,543,357	$	68,309,622	$	69,779,814

Contract assets and contract liabilities:

The Company receives payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules; accounts receivable are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract.

The Company had short term contract liabilities from contracts with customers of $215,497 at April 30, 2025 and $138,528 and $34,599 at October 31, 2024 and October 31, 2023.

Shipping Costs

Shipping costs incurred on behalf of the Company in the sale of ethanol, dried distillers grains and corn oil are not specifically identifiable and as a result, revenue from the sale of those products is recorded based on the net selling price reported to the Company from the marketer.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker or decision making group in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company has determined that it has one reportable business segment, the manufacturing and marketing of fuel-grade ethanol and the co-products of the ethanol production process. The Company's chief operating decision maker reviews financial information of the Company as a whole for purposes of assessing financial performance and making operating decisions. Accordingly, the Company considers itself to be operating in a single industry segment.

Derivative Instruments

Derivatives are recognized in the balance sheets and the measurement of these instruments are at fair value. In order for a derivative to qualify as a hedge, specific criteria must be met and appropriate documentation maintained. Gains and losses from derivatives that do not qualify as hedges, or are undesignated, must be recognized immediately in earnings. If the derivative does qualify as a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will be either offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments through earnings or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings.

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025

Contracts are evaluated to determine whether the contracts are derivatives. Certain contracts that meet the definition of a derivative may be exempted as “normal purchases or normal sales”. Normal purchases and normal sales are contracts that provide for the purchase or sale of something other than a financial instrument or derivative instrument that will be delivered in quantities expected to be used or sold over a reasonable period in the normal course of business. Contracts that meet the requirements of normal purchases or sales are documented as normal and exempted from accounting as derivatives, therefore, are not marked to market in our financial statements.

The Company enters into ethanol, corn and natural gas derivatives in order to protect cash flows from fluctuations caused by volatility in prices. These derivatives are not designated as effective hedges for accounting purposes. For derivative instruments that are not accounted for as hedges, or for the ineffective portions of qualifying hedges, the change in fair value is recorded through earnings in the period of change. Ethanol derivative changes in fair market value are included in revenue. Corn and natural gas derivative changes in fair market value are included in costs of goods sold.

Carrying Value of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset group be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset group to the carrying value of the asset group. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary.

In accordance with the Company’s policy for evaluating impairment of long-lived assets described above, when a triggering event occurs management evaluates the recoverability of the facilities based on projected future cash flows from operations over the facilities’ estimated useful lives. In determining the projected future undiscounted cash flows, the Company makes significant assumptions concerning the future viability of the ethanol industry, the future price of corn in relation to the future price of ethanol and the overall demand in relation to production and supply capacity. The Company has not recorded any impairment for the six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, and other working capital items approximate fair value at April 30, 2025 due to the short maturity nature of these instruments (Level 2).

Derivative instruments are carried at fair value, based on dealer quotes and live trading levels (Note 5).

Investments

The Company has a 5% investment interest in an unlisted company, Renewable Products Marketing Group, LLC (RPMG), who markets the Company’s ethanol. The Company also has a 7% ownership interest in Lawrenceville Tank, LLC (LT), which owns and operates a trans load/tank facility near Atlanta, Georgia. These investments are flow-through entities and are being accounted for by the equity method of accounting under which the Company’s share of net income is recognized as income in the Company’s statements of operations and added to the investment account. Distributions or dividends received from the investment are treated as a reduction of the investment account. The Company consistently follows the practice of recognizing the net income (loss) from equity method investments based on the most recent reliable data. Therefore, the net income (loss) which is reported in the Company's statement of operations for the period ended April 30, 2025 is based on the investees' results of operations for the period ended March 31, 2025.

The Company has cost method of investments in cooperatives. The corresponding patronage income is recorded in costs of goods sold.

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025

Grants

The Minnesota State Legislature established the Bioincentive Program in 2015 to encourage commercial-scale production of advanced biofuels, renewable chemicals, and biomass thermal energy through production incentive payments. Eligible producers of cellulosic ethanol may receive $0.16 per gallon of cellulosic ethanol produced subject to program funding limitations. The Company received awards from the Bioincentive Program of approximately $93,000, recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 in other income and $102,000, recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 in other income. The Company received awards from the Bioincentive Program of approximately $92,000, recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2024 in other income, $116,000, recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2024 in other income, and $17,000, recorded in the third quarter of fiscal 2024 in other income.

2. UNCERTAINTIES

The Company derives substantially all of its revenues from the sale of ethanol, distillers grains and corn oil. These products are commodities and the market prices for these products display substantial volatility and are subject to a number of factors which are beyond the control of the Company. The Company’s most significant manufacturing inputs are corn and natural gas. The price of these commodities is also subject to substantial volatility and uncontrollable market factors. In addition, these input costs do not necessarily fluctuate with the market prices for ethanol and distillers grains. As a result, the Company is subject to significant risk that its operating margins can be reduced or eliminated due to the relative movements in the market prices of its products and major manufacturing inputs. As a result, market fluctuations in the price of or demand for these commodities can have a significant adverse effect on the Company’s operations, profitability, and availability of cash flows to make loan payments and maintain compliance with the loan agreement.

3. RECEIVABLES

Receivables consisted of the following at:


	April 30, 2025		October 31, 2024		October 31, 2023

Trade receivables	$	2,039,533	$	2,039,732	$	1,812,631
Other receivables	799,987		1,240,625		1,122,622
Total	$	2,839,520	$	3,280,357	$	2,935,253

4. INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following at:


	April 30, 2025		October 31, 2024

Raw materials	$	5,632,905	$	5,898,118
Spare parts and supplies	6,170,243		5,626,469
Work in process	1,212,854		940,060
Finished goods	1,772,193		1,782,344
Total	$	14,788,195	$	14,246,991

The Company recorded a lower of cost or net realizable value write-down on finished goods inventory of approximately $5,000 and $0 at April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024, respectively.

5. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

As of April 30, 2025, the Company had entered into corn, natural gas and ethanol derivative instruments, which are required to be recorded as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the balance sheet. The Company uses these instruments to manage risks from changes in market rates and prices. Derivatives qualify for treatment as hedges when there is a high correlation between the change in fair value of the derivative instrument and the related change in value of the underlying hedged item. The

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025

Company may designate the hedging instruments based upon the exposure being hedged as a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge. The derivative instruments outstanding are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes.

Commodity Contracts

The following tables provide details regarding the Company's derivative instruments at April 30, 2025 and October 31, 2024:


Instrument	Balance Sheet location	April 30, 2025		October 31, 2024



Corn, natural gas and ethanol contracts
In gain position		$	21,625	$	322,945
In loss position		(797,276)		(1,639,160)
Deposits with broker		1,168,482		2,041,374
	Current assets	$	392,831	$	725,159

These contracts and related deposits are subject to a master netting arrangements and, therefore, are presented on a net basis on the balance sheet.

The Company has 509,000 bushels of corn inventory delivered under delayed-pricing contracts as of April 30, 2025. The contracts have various pricing deadlines through August 31, 2025.

The following tables provide details regarding the gains (losses) from the Company's derivative instruments in the statements of operations, none of which are designated as hedging instruments:


	Statement of	Three Months Ended April 30,
	Operations location	2025		2024
Ethanol contracts	Revenues	$	7,518	$	4,697
Corn contracts	Cost of goods sold	147,594		(81,705)
Natural gas contracts	Cost of goods sold	(131,685)		(1,886)

	Statement of	Six Months Ended April 30,
	Operations location	2025		2024
Ethanol contracts	Revenues	$	13,649	$	15,071
Corn contracts	Cost of goods sold	644,681		(92,506)
Natural gas contracts	Cost of goods sold	(150,977)		8,157

6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table provides information on those assets (liabilities) measured at fair value on a recurring basis.


	Fair Value as of		Fair Value Measurement Using
	April 30, 2025		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments - commodities
In gain position	$	21,625	$	—	$	21,625	$	—
In loss position	(797,276)		(4,050)		(793,226)		—

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025


	Fair Value as of		Fair Value Measurement Using
	October 31, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments - commodities
In gain position	$	322,945	$	5,125	$	317,820	$	—
In loss position	$	(1,639,160)	$	(5,825)	$	(1,633,335)	$	—

The Company determines the fair values of commodities by obtaining the fair value measurements from an independent pricing service based on dealer quotes and live trading levels from the Chicago Board of Trade.

7. DEBT FINANCING

The Company had no long-term debt at April 30, 2025 or October 31, 2024, respectively.

Bank Financing

The Company has a loan facility with Compeer Financial f/k/a AgStar Financial Services, PCA ("Compeer") that includes a $20,000,000 Term Revolving Loan and a Revolving Line of Credit Loan. The loan facility with Compeer is secured by substantially all business assets and also subjects the Company to various financial and non-financial covenants.

Term Revolving Loan

The Term Revolving Loan is for $20,000,000, and has a variable interest rate based on the Wall Street Journal's Prime Rate plus 10 basis points with a minimum interest rate of 2.10%. The applicable interest rate at April 30, 2025 was 7.60%. The Term Revolving Loan may be advanced, repaid and re-borrowed during the term. Monthly interest payments are due on the Term Revolving Loan. Payment of all amounts outstanding are due on November 1, 2027. The outstanding balance on this note was $0 at April 30, 2025. The Company pays interest at a rate of 1.50% on amounts outstanding for letters of credit which also reduce the amount available under the Term Revolving Loan. The Company has no letters of credit outstanding at April 30, 2025. The Company is also required to pay unused commitment fees for the Term Revolving Loan.

Revolving Line of Credit Loan

The Revolving Line of Credit Loan is for an amount equal to the borrowing base, with a maximum limit of $10,000,000, and has a variable interest rate based on the Wall Street Journal's Prime Rate plus 10 basis points with a minimum interest rate of 2.10%. The amount available to borrow per the borrowing base calculations at April 30, 2025 was approximately $3,690,000. The applicable interest rate at April 30, 2025 was 7.60%. The Revolving Line of Credit Loan may be advanced, repaid and re-borrowed during the term. Monthly interest payments are due on the Revolving Line of Credit Loan with payment of all amounts outstanding due on November 1, 2025. The maturity date may be extended for up to two additional one year terms upon written request of the Company which will be deemed automatically granted by Compeer upon written certification that there is no event of default. The Company has previously been granted two extensions. The outstanding balance on this note was $0 at April 30, 2025. The Company is also required to pay unused commitment fees for the Revolving Line of Credit Loan.

Covenants and other Miscellaneous Terms

The loan facility with Compeer is secured by substantially all business assets. The Company executed a mortgage creating a first lien on its real estate and plant and a security interest in all personal property located on the premises and assigned all rents and leases to property, marketing contracts, risk management services contract, and natural gas, electricity, water service and grain procurement agreements.

The Company is also subject to various financial and non-financial covenants that limit distributions and debt and require minimum working capital requirements. The Company is limited to annual capital expenditures of $5,000,000 without prior approval, incurring additional debt over certain amounts without prior approval, and making additional investments as described in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement without prior approval. The minimum working capital is $9,000,000, which is calculated as current assets plus the amount available for drawing under our Term Revolving Loan, and

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025

undrawn amounts on outstanding letters of credit less current liabilities, and is measured quarterly. The Company is allowed to make distributions to members as frequently as monthly in an amount equal to 75% of net income if working capital is greater than or equal to $9,000,000, or an unlimited amount of net income if working capital is greater than or equal to $12,000,000.

8. LEASES

The Company leased rail cars for its facility to transport dried distillers grains to its end customers. We classified those identified assets as operating leases after assessing the terms under lease classification guidance. The rail car lease terminated on June 30, 2024.

The Company has a contract for use of a natural gas pipeline which transports natural gas from the Northern Natural Gas pipeline to the Company’s facility. This natural gas line has no alternate use and is specifically for the benefit of the Company. The contract has minimum volume requirements as well as a fixed monthly fee. This contract meets the definition of a lease and is classified as a finance lease.

The discount rate used in determining the lease liability for the lease is the Company's estimated incremental borrowing rate. An incremental borrowing rate of 5.5% was utilized for the Company's lease.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. The Company’s finance lease has a remaining lease term of approximately 5 years. This lease includes an option to extend the lease. When it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise this option, the Company will update the remaining term of the lease. The Company does not have lease arrangements with residual value guarantees, sale leaseback terms or material restrictive covenants.

The following table summarizes the remaining maturities of the Company’s finance lease liabilities as of April 30, 2025:


For the Period Ending April 30,	Finance Leases
2026	$	178,800
2027	178,800
2028	178,800
2029	178,800
2030	89,400
Thereafter	—
Totals	804,600
Amount representing interest	(93,275)
Lease liability	$	711,325


Lease Cost	Three Months ended April 30, 2025		Six Months ended April 30, 2025		Three Months ended April 30, 2024		Six Months ended April 30, 2024

Operating lease cost	$	—	$	—	$	42,120	$	84,240
Short term lease cost	23,763		33,668		19,009		34,699
Finance lease cost
Amortization of leased assets	34,324		68,647		34,324		68,647
Interest on lease liabilities	10,098		20,668		11,946		24,338

Net lease cost	$	68,185	$	122,983	$	107,399	$	211,924

HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements

April 30, 2025

9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Marketing Agreements

The Company has an ethanol marketing agreement with a marketer (RPMG) to purchase, market, and distribute the ethanol produced by the Company. Based on the terms of the marketing agreement, RPMG will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the best price for all ethanol sold subject to the terms of the marketing agreement. RPMG shall have discretion to fix the price, terms and conditions of the sale of ethanol that is sold and marketed as Indexed Gallons. The Company also entered into a member control agreement with the marketer whereby the Company made capital contributions and became a minority owner of the marketer. The member control agreement became effective on February 1, 2011 and provides the Company a membership interest with voting rights. The marketing agreement will terminate if the Company ceases to be a member. The Company will assume certain of the member’s rail car leases if the agreement is terminated. The Company can sell its ethanol either through an index arrangement or at an agreed upon fixed price. The marketing agreement is perpetual until terminated according to the agreement. The Company may be obligated to continue to market its ethanol through the marketer for a period of time. The amended agreement requires minimum capital amounts invested as required under the agreement.

The Company has a distillers grains marketing agreement with a marketer (RPMG) to purchase and market all of the distillers grains produced at the plant beginning January 1, 2023. The Company pays a fee to the marketer to market distillers grains to third party end purchasers and the Company reimburses the marketer for certain charges paid to third parties. The marketer must market the distillers grains using commercially reasonable efforts and endeavor to maximize price and minimize freight and other costs but does not guarantee the price that will be obtained from the sale. Following an initial term, the agreement will be automatically extended for additional terms unless either party gives proper notice of non-extension.

The Company has a crude corn oil marketing agreement with a marketer (RPMG) to market and distribute all corn oil to be produced at the plant for an initial term. Under the agreement, the Company must provide estimates of production and inventory of corn oil. The marketer may execute sales contracts with buyers for future delivery of corn oil. The Company receives a percentage of the F.O.B. sale price less a marketing fee, actual freight and transportation costs and certain taxes and other charges related to the purchase, delivery or sale. The Company is required to provide corn oil meeting certain specifications as provided in the agreement and the agreement provides for a process for rejection of nonconforming corn oil. The agreement automatically renews for successive terms unless terminated in accordance with the agreement.

Construction Project

The Company entered into an agreement on February 28, 2025, with ICM, Inc. to construct a sieve bottle and EVAP Zero which are expected to increase efficiencies. The construction commenced in the spring of 2025 and is expected to be completed in the fall of 2025 at an approximate cost of $4,200,000, to be funded from operations and existing debt facilities.

Regulatory Agencies

The Company is subject to oversight from regulatory agencies regarding environmental concerns which arise in the ordinary course of its business.

Forward Contracts

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into forward contracts for our commodity purchases and sales. Forward contracts outstanding are as follows at April 30, 2025:


	Quantity	Average Price		Date Delivery Through

Purchase of corn (in bushels):
Basis contracts	4,263,615			12/31/25
Priced contracts	2,564,270	$	4.62	12/31/25
Total	6,827,885

Purchase of natural gas (in dekatherms):
Basis Contracts	981,500			3/31/27
Priced contracts	2,238,000	$	3.38	10/31/27
Total	3,219,500





Purchase of denaturant (in gallons)
Price contracts	971,250	$	1.46	12/31/25
Total	971,250

Sales of dry distillers grains (in tons):
Priced contracts	5,619	$	138.40	9/30/25
Total	5,619

Sales of modified distillers grains (in tons)
Priced contracts	6,600	$	72.56	8/31/25
Total	6,600

Sales of corn oil (in pounds)
Priced contracts	2,672,870	$	0.51	6/30/25
Total	2,672,870

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

We prepared the following discussion and analysis to help you better understand our financial condition, changes in our financial condition, and results of operations for the six month periods ended April 30, 2025, compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed financial statements and notes and the information contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2024.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that involve future events, our future performance and our expected future operations and actions. In some cases you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “will,” “may,” “should,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “future,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” “predict,” “hope,” “potential,” “continue,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are only our predictions and involve numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements. While it is impossible to identify all such factors, factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those estimated by us include, but are not limited to:


			Changes in the availability and price of corn and natural gas;
			Reduction or elimination of the Renewable Fuel Standard;
			Volatile commodity and financial markets;
			Changes in legislation benefiting renewable fuels;
			Our ability to comply with the financial covenants contained in our credit agreements with our lenders;
			Our ability to profitably operate the ethanol plant and maintain a positive spread between the selling price of our products and our raw material costs;
			Results of our hedging activities and other risk management strategies;
			Ethanol and distillers grains supply exceeding demand and corresponding price reductions;
			Our ability to generate cash flow to invest in our business and service our debt;
			Changes in the environmental regulations that apply to our plant operations and changes in our ability to comply with such regulations;
			Changes in our business strategy, capital improvements or development plans;
			Changes in plant production capacity or technical difficulties in operating the plant;
			Changes in general economic conditions or the occurrence of certain events causing an economic impact in the agriculture, oil or automobile industries;
			Lack of transportation, storage and blending infrastructure preventing ethanol from reaching high demand markets;
			Changes in federal and/or state laws or policies impacting the ethanol industry;
			Changes and advances in ethanol production technology and the development of alternative fuels and energy sources and advanced biofuels;
			Competition from alternative fuel additives;
			Changes in interest rates and lending conditions;
			Decreases in the price we receive for our ethanol and distillers grains;
			Our inability to secure credit or obtain additional equity financing we may require in the future;
			Our ability to retain key employees and maintain labor relations;
			Changes in the price of oil and gasoline;
			Competition from clean power systems using fuel cells and plug-in hybrids;
			Use by the EPA of small refinery exemptions;
			Competition from the increased use of electric vehicles;
			Global economic uncertainty, rising inflation, market disruptions and increased volatility in commodity prices caused in part by the Russian invasion of Ukraine and resulting sanctions by the United States and other countries; and
			Changes in trade policy, trade actions, international trade disputes, and the institution of tariffs by the United States or foreign governments.

The cautionary statements referred to in this section also should be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that may be issued by us or persons acting on our behalf. We are not under any duty to update the forward-looking statements contained in this report. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. We caution you not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. You should read this report and the documents that we reference in this report and have filed as exhibits completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we currently expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

Available Information

Our website address is www.highwaterethanol.com. Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), are available, free of charge, on our website at www.highwaterethanol.com under the link “SEC Compliance,” as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such materials with, or furnish such materials to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. The contents of our website are not incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

Highwater Ethanol, LLC (“we,” “our,” “Highwater Ethanol” or the “Company”) was formed as a Minnesota limited liability company organized on May 2, 2006, for the purpose of constructing, owning, and operating an ethanol plant near Lamberton, Minnesota. Since August 2009, we have been engaged in the production of ethanol and distillers grains at the plant. In October 2019, our air permit application to the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency to allow for 70.2 million gallons of denatured ethanol per 12-month rolling average was approved.

We expect to fund our operations during the next 12 months using cash flow from our continuing operations and our current credit facilities. However, should we experience unfavorable operating conditions in the ethanol industry that prevent us

from profitably operating the ethanol plant, we may need to seek additional funding.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended April 30, 2025 and 2024

The following table shows the results of our operations and the approximate percentage of revenues, cost of goods sold, operating expenses and other items to total revenues in our unaudited statements of operations for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024:


	2025				2024
Statements of Operations Data	Amount (unaudited)		%		Amount (unaudited)		%

Revenues	$	35,091,022	100.00	%	$	32,543,357	100.00	%
Cost of Goods Sold	34,543,690		98.44	%	33,339,994		102.45	%
Gross Profit	547,332		1.56	%	(796,637)		(2.45)	%
Operating Expenses	1,219,755		3.48	%	1,096,957		3.37	%
Operating Loss	(672,423)		(1.92)	%	(1,893,594)		(5.82)	%
Other Income, net	192,718		0.55	%	294,407		0.90	%
Net Loss	$	(479,705)	(1.37)	%	$	(1,599,187)	(4.91)	%

The following table shows the sources of our revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024:


	2025				2024
Revenue Sources	Amount (Unaudited)		%		Amount (Unaudited)		%

Ethanol Sales	$	27,472,401	78.29	%	$	23,503,555	72.22	%
Modified Distillers Grains Sales	1,535,452		4.38	%	2,012,253		6.19	%
Dried Distillers Grains Sales	3,545,727		10.10	%	4,492,025		13.80	%
Corn Oil Sales	2,537,442		7.23	%	2,535,524		7.79	%
Total Revenues	$	35,091,022	100.00	%	$	32,543,357	100.00	%

Revenue

Ethanol

Our ethanol revenues were higher for the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024. Revenue from ethanol sales increased by approximately 16.9% during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to higher ethanol prices and an increase in number of gallons sold during the three months ended April 30, 2025.

The average price per gallon of ethanol sold for the three months ended April 30, 2025 was approximately 12.1% higher than the average price we received for the three months ended April 30, 2024. Ethanol prices were higher due primarily to higher corn and energy prices and higher seasonal demand for the period.

Year round ethanol sales of E15 could have a positive effect on domestic ethanol demand and the market price of ethanol. Other factors likely to affect ethanol prices in the future include domestic corn prices and corn supply, energy prices and inventory levels. In addition, trade actions and the possible institution of tariffs by the United States and retaliatory actions by foreign governments could have a negative effect on foreign ethanol demand, increase the volatility in commodity prices and impact the market price of ethanol.

The number of gallons of ethanol sold during the three months ended April 30, 2025 increased by approximately 4.3%, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024 due to improved ethanol yield. Our ethanol production levels for the three months ended April 30, 2025 were at an annual rate of approximately 70 million gallons. Management anticipates that the amount of ethanol produced could decrease in the future if operating conditions worsen and we reduce ethanol production levels. Ethanol production could also decrease if delayed rail car shipments affect our ability to get sufficient rail cars to transport our ethanol.

We had gains related to ethanol based derivative instruments of $7,518 and $4,697 for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These gains increased our ethanol revenue during these periods.

Distillers Grains

Revenue from distillers grains sales decreased by approximately 21.9% during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024 primarily due to lower distillers grains prices and a decrease in tons of distillers grains sold during our three months ended April 30, 2025 compared to the same period of 2024.

For the three months ended April 30, 2025, the average price per ton of dried distillers grains sold was approximately 17.6% lower than the average price we received during the three months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to lower seasonal demand for the period. For the three months ended April 30, 2025, the average price per ton of modified distillers grains sold was approximately 18.9% lower than during the three months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to decreases in the domestic prices of corn and soybeans.

Distillers grains prices typically change in proportion to domestic corn and other feed products including soybeans. Domestic demand for distillers grains could decrease due to declining prices of corn or other feed products and lower seasonal demand. Other factors likely to affect distillers grains prices include prices and availability of other commodities, the continued imposition by China of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy duties on distillers grains produced in the United States and trade actions by the United States including the possible imposition of tariffs and retaliatory actions by foreign governments.

The tons of dried distillers grains sold during the three months ended April 30, 2025, decreased by approximately 4.2%, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024. The tons of modified distillers grains sold during the three months ended April 30, 2025, decreased by approximately 5.9%, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024. Management anticipates that the amount of distillers grains produced could continue to decrease in the future if operating conditions worsen and there is a reduction in ethanol production levels which would then have a corresponding effect on distillers grains. In addition, an increase in ethanol or corn oil yields could have a negative effect of distillers grains production levels.

Corn Oil

Revenue from corn oil sales was similar during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024, primarily due to higher corn oil prices offset by a decrease in pounds of corn oil sold. The average price per pound of corn oil sold was approximately 4.4% higher during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to an increase in biodiesel demand. Factors likely to affect corn oil prices include corn oil and soy oil supply, biodiesel demand, prices of corn and soybeans, the status of the biodiesel blenders' tax credit and new crop corn oil content.

The pounds of corn oil sold decreased by approximately 3.7%, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024. Management anticipates that the amount of corn oil produced may continue to decrease in the future if there is a reduction in ethanol production levels which would then have a corresponding effect on corn oil. However, an increase in corn oil yields due to improved efficiencies or a corn crop with higher oil content could contribute to higher corn oil production levels.

At April 30, 2025, we had 2,672,870 pounds of forward corn oil sales contracts valued at approximately $1,370,000 for various delivery periods through June 30, 2025.

Cost of Goods Sold

Our two largest costs of production are corn (73.3% of cost of goods sold for the three months ended April 30, 2025) and natural gas (6.0% of cost of goods sold for the three months ended April 30, 2025). Our total cost of goods sold was approximately 4.01% less during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024.

Corn

Our average price per bushel of corn for the three months ended April 30, 2025 increased by approximately 8.8% per bushel, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to higher basis contracts resulting in our paying a higher price for corn than current market prices. We used approximately 4.5% less bushels of corn in the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024 due to improved ethanol yield.

Management expects there to be an adequate corn supply available in our area to operate the ethanol plant. However, corn prices are dependent on weather conditions, supply and demand, stocks and other factors which could contribute to price volatility and significantly impact our costs of production. In addition, corn prices could continue to be impacted in the future by global economic uncertainty, rising inflation, market disruptions and increased volatility in commodity prices.

At April 30, 2025, we had 4,263,615 bushels of forward fixed basis corn purchase contracts and 2,564,270 bushels of forward fixed price corn contracts valued at approximately $11,858,000. These purchase contracts are for various delivery periods through December 31, 2025.

We had gains related to corn derivative instruments of $147,594 for the three months ended April 30, 2025, which reduced our cost of goods sold during the period. We had losses related to corn derivative instruments of ($81,705) for the three months ended April 30, 2024, which increased our cost of goods sold during the period.

Natural Gas

The average market price per MMBTU of natural gas was approximately 2.1% lower for the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to decreases in natural gas demand. Factors such as industry production problems or large increases in natural gas demand in the future could have a negative effect on natural gas prices.

For the three months ended April 30, 2025, we used approximately 1.4% less MMBTUs of natural gas as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to a decrease in dried distillers grains production.

At April 30, 2025, we had 981,500 MMBTUs of forward fixed basis natural gas purchase contracts and 2,238,000 MMBTUs of fixed price natural gas purchase contracts valued at approximately $6,046,000 for delivery periods through October 31, 2027.

We had losses related to natural gas derivative instruments of ($131,685) and ($1,886) for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These losses increased our cost of goods sold during these periods.

Operating Expense

We had operating expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2025 of $1,219,755, as compared to operating expenses of $1,096,957 for the three months ended April 30, 2024. Management attributes this increase in operating expenses primarily to an increase in consulting and professional fees for the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2024. Management continues to pursue strategies to optimize efficiencies and maximize production. These efforts may result in a decrease in our operating expenses on a per gallon basis. However, because these expenses do not vary with the level of production at the plant, we expect our operating expenses to remain relatively steady.

Other Income, net

We had total other income, net for the three months ended April 30, 2025 of $192,718, as compared to $294,407 for the three months ended April 30, 2024. Our other income, net for the three months ended April 30, 2025, was lower due primarily to a decrease in interest income.

Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended April 30, 2025 and 2024


	2025				2024
Statements of Operations Data	Amount (unaudited)		%		Amount (unaudited)		%

Revenues	$	68,309,622	100.00	%	$	69,779,814	100.00	%
Cost of Goods Sold	$	66,791,897	97.78	%	$	68,939,565	98.80	%
Gross Profit	$	1,517,725	2.22	%	$	840,249	1.20	%
Operating Expenses	$	2,513,980	3.68	%	$	2,380,428	3.41	%
Operating Loss	$	(996,255)	(1.46)	%	$	(1,540,179)	(2.21)	%
Other Income, net	$	524,858	0.77	%	$	766,879	1.10	%
Net Loss	$	(471,397)	(0.69)	%	$	(773,300)	(1.11)	%

The following table shows the sources of our revenue for the six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024:


	2025				2024
Revenue Sources	Amount (Unaudited)		%		Amount (Unaudited)		%

Ethanol Sales	$	52,560,783	76.95	%	$	49,653,156	71.16	%
Modified Distillers Grains Sales	3,219,046		4.71	%	4,194,306		6.01	%
Dried Distillers Grains Sales	7,378,817		10.80	%	10,196,124		14.61	%
Corn Oil Sales	5,150,976		7.54	%	5,736,228		8.22	%
Total Revenues	$	68,309,622	100.00	%	$	69,779,814	100.00	%

Revenue

Ethanol

Our ethanol revenues were higher for the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024. Revenue from ethanol sales increased by approximately 5.9% during the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to higher ethanol prices and an increase in number of gallons sold during the six months ended April 30, 2025.

The average price per gallon of ethanol sold for the six months ended April 30, 2025 was approximately 4.1% higher than the average price we received for the six months ended April 30, 2024. Ethanol prices were higher due primarily to higher corn and energy prices and higher seasonal demand for the period.

The number of gallons of ethanol sold during the six months ended April 30, 2025 increased by approximately 1.7%, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024 due to improved ethanol yield. Our ethanol production levels for the six months ended April 30, 2025 were at an annual rate of approximately 70 million gallons. Management anticipates that the amount of ethanol produced could decrease in the future if operating conditions worsen and we reduce ethanol production levels. Ethanol production could also decrease if delayed rail car shipments affect our ability to get sufficient rail cars to transport our ethanol.

We had gains related to ethanol based derivative instruments of $13,649 and $15,071 for the six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These gains increased our ethanol revenue during these periods.

Distillers Grains

Revenue from distillers grains sales decreased by approximately 26.4% during the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024 primarily due to lower distillers grains prices and a decrease in tons of distillers grains sold during our six months ended April 30, 2025 compared to the same period of 2024.

For the six months ended April 30, 2025, the average price per ton of dried distillers grains sold was approximately 23.6% lower than the average price we received during the six months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to lower seasonal demand for the period. For the six months ended April 30, 2025, the average price per ton of modified distillers grains sold was approximately 21.8% lower than during the six months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to decreases in the domestic prices of corn and soybeans.

The tons of dried distillers grains sold during the six months ended April 30, 2025, decreased by approximately 5.3%, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024. The tons of modified distillers grains sold during the six months ended April 30, 2025, decreased by approximately 1.9%, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024. Management anticipates that the amount of distillers grains produced could continue to decrease in the future if operating conditions worsen and there is a reduction in ethanol production levels which would then have a corresponding effect on distillers grains. In addition, an increase in ethanol or corn oil yields could have a negative effect of distillers grains production levels.

Corn Oil

Revenue from corn oil sales decreased by approximately 10.2% during the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024. This is primarily the result of lower corn oil prices and a decrease in pounds of corn oil sold. The average price per pound of corn oil sold was approximately 8.2% lower during the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024, due to lower corn and soybean prices and an increase in corn oil and soy oil production which outpaced demand. Factors likely to affect corn oil prices include corn oil and soy oil

supply, biodiesel demand, prices of corn and soybeans, the status of the biodiesel blenders' tax credit and new crop corn oil content.

The pounds of corn oil sold decreased by approximately 2.2%, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024. Management anticipates that the amount of corn oil produced may continue to decrease in the future if there is a reduction in ethanol production levels which would then have a corresponding effect on corn oil. However, an increase in corn oil yields due to improved efficiencies or a corn crop with higher oil content could contribute to higher corn oil production levels.

At April 30, 2025, we had 2,672,870 pounds of forward corn oil sales contracts valued at approximately $1,370,000 for various delivery periods through June 30, 2025.

Cost of Goods Sold

Our two largest costs of production are corn (74.4% of cost of goods sold for the six months ended April 30, 2025) and natural gas (6.8% of cost of goods sold for the six months ended April 30, 2025). Our total cost of goods sold was approximately 3.1% less during the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024.

Corn

Our average price per bushel of corn for the six months ended April 30, 2025 decreased by approximately 1.98% per bushel, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to lower market value for corn as a result of increases in projected stocks and volatility in commodity prices. We used approximately 1.8% less bushels of corn in the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024 due to improved ethanol yield.

We had gains related to corn derivative instruments of $644,681 for the six months ended April 30, 2025, which reduced our cost of goods sold during the period. We had losses related to corn derivative instruments of ($92,506) for the six months ended April 30, 2024, which increased our cost of goods sold during the period.

Natural Gas

The average market price per MMBTU of natural gas was approximately 5.6% lower for the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024, due primarily to decreases in natural gas demand. Factors such as industry production problems or large increases in natural gas demand in the future could have a negative effect on natural gas prices.

For the six months ended April 30, 2025, we used approximately the same MMBTUs of natural gas as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024.

We had losses related to natural gas derivative instruments of ($150,977) for the six months ended April 30, 2025, which increased our cost of goods sold during the period. We had gains related to natural gas derivative instruments of $8,157 for the six months ended April 30, 2024, which reduced our cost of goods during the period.

Operating Expense

We had operating expenses for the six months ended April 30, 2025 of $2,513,980, as compared to operating expenses of $2,380,428 for the six months ended April 30, 2024. Management attributes this increase in operating expenses primarily to

an increase in consulting and professional fees for the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2024. Management continues to pursue strategies to optimize efficiencies and maximize production. These efforts may result in a decrease in our operating expenses on a per gallon basis. However, because these expenses do not vary with the level of production at the plant, we expect our operating expenses to remain relatively steady.

Other Income, net

We had total other income, net for the six months ended April 30, 2025 of $524,858, as compared to $766,879 for the six months ended April 30, 2024. Our other income, net for the six months ended April 30, 2025, was lower due primarily to a decrease in interest income.

Changes in Financial Condition for the Six Months Ended April 30, 2025

The following table highlights the changes in our financial condition as of April 30, 2025 from our previous fiscal year ended October 31, 2024:


	April 30, 2025		October 31, 2024
Current Assets	$	32,142,769	$	52,901,076
Current Liabilities	6,076,145		18,414,896
Long-Term Liabilities	568,073		640,682

Current Assets

The decrease in current assets is primarily the result of decreases in cash and cash equivalents at April 30, 2025, as compared to October 31, 2024, due primarily to cash distributions of $8,079,250 paid to our members on December 11, 2024, and a decrease in accounts payable due to corn payments to producers that were deferred until after the first of the year.

Current Liabilities

The decrease in current liabilities is primarily the result of decreases in accounts payable at April 30, 2025, as compared to October 31, 2024, due primarily to timing of deferred corn payments.

Long-Term Liabilities

Long-term liabilities decreased at April 30, 2025, as compared to October 31, 2024, due primarily to decreasing liabilities owed under a contract for use of a natural gas pipeline to transport natural gas to our facility.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Based on financial forecasts prepared by our management, we anticipate that we will have sufficient cash on hand, cash from our current credit facilities, and cash from our operations to continue to operate the ethanol plant for the next 12 months. We do not currently anticipate seeking additional equity or debt financing in the near term in order to fund operations. However, if market conditions worsen, we could have difficulty maintaining our liquidity and may need to rely on our revolving lines of credit or seek increases.

The following table shows cash flows for the six months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024:


	2025		2024
	(unaudited)		(unaudited)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(9,765,678)	$	(2,515,881)
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,344,765)		(1,792,494)
Net cash used in financing activities	(8,167,982)		(16,226,960)

Cash Flow From Operations

We used more cash in operating activities for the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024. This decrease in cash from operations was primarily due to changes in accounts payable and inventories for the six months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.

Cash Flow From Investing Activities

We used more cash in investing activities for the six months period ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024. This change was primarily due to an increase in capital expenditures during the six months ended April 30, 2025.

Cash Flow From Financing Activities

We used less cash in financing activities during the six month ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024. Our cash used in financing activities decreased primarily due to decreased distributions to our members during the six months ended April 30, 2025.

Short-Term and Long-Term Debt Sources

Our loan facility with Compeer Financial f/k/a AgStar Financial Services, PCA ("Compeer") includes a $20,000,000 Term Revolving Loan and a Revolving Line of Credit Loan. Our loan facility with Compeer is secured by substantially all business assets and also subjects the Company to various financial and non-financial covenants.

Term Revolving Loan

The Term Revolving Loan is for up to $20,000,000 with a variable interest rate based on the Wall Street Journal's Prime Rate plus 10 basis points with a minimum interest rate of 2.10%. The applicable interest rate at April 30, 2025 was 7.60%. The Term Revolving Loan may be advanced, repaid and re-borrowed during the term. Monthly interest payments are due on the Term Revolving Loan with payment of all amounts outstanding due on November 1, 2027. The outstanding balance on this note was $0 at April 30, 2025. We pay interest at a rate of 1.50% on amounts outstanding for letters of credit which also reduce the amount available under the Term Revolving Loan. We had no letters of credit outstanding at April 30, 2025. We are also required to pay unused commitment fees for the Term Revolving Loan.

Revolving Line of Credit Loan

The Revolving Line of Credit Loan is for an amount equal to the borrowing base, with a maximum limit of $10,000,000 with a variable interest rate based on the Wall Street Journal's Prime Rate plus 10 basis points with a minimum interest rate of 2.10%. The amount available to borrow per the borrowing base calculations at April 30, 2025 was approximately $3,690,000. The applicable interest rate at April 30, 2025 was 7.60%. The Revolving Line of Credit Loan may be advanced, repaid and re-borrowed during the term. Monthly interest payments are due on the Revolving Line of Credit Loan with payment of all amounts outstanding due on November 1, 2025. The maturity date may be extended for up to two additional one year terms upon our written request which will be deemed automatically granted by Compeer upon written certification that there is no event of default. The Company has previously been granted two extensions. The outstanding balance on this note was $0 at April 30, 2025. We are also required to pay unused commitment fees for the Revolving Line of Credit Loan.

Covenants and Other Miscellaneous Financing Agreement Terms

The loan facility with Compeer is secured by substantially all business assets. We executed a mortgage in favor of Compeer creating a first lien on our real estate and plant and a security interest in all personal property located on the premises and assigned in favor of Compeer, all rents and leases to our property, our marketing contracts, our risk management services contract, and our natural gas, electricity, water service and grain procurement agreements.

We are also subject to various financial and non-financial covenants that limit distributions and new debt and require minimum working capital requirements. We are limited to annual capital expenditures of $5,000,000 without prior approval, incurring additional debt over certain amounts without prior approval, and making additional investments as described in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement without prior approval of Compeer. We are required to maintain a minimum working capital requirement of $9,000,000, which is calculated as current assets plus the amount available for drawing under the Term Revolving Loan and undrawn amounts on outstanding letters of credit, less current liabilities, and is measured quarterly. We are allowed to make cash distributions to members as frequently as monthly in an amount equal to 75% of net income if working capital is greater than or equal to $9,000,000, or an unlimited amount if working capital is greater than or equal to $12,000,000.

Presently, we are meeting our liquidity needs and complying with our financial covenants and the other terms of our loan agreements. We will continue to work with Compeer to try to ensure that the terms of our loan agreements are met going forward. However, we cannot provide any assurance that our actions will result in sustained profitable operations or that we will not be in violation of our loan covenants or in default on our principal payments in the future. Should unfavorable market conditions result in our violation of the terms or covenants of our loan and we fail to obtain a waiver of any such term or covenant, Compeer could deem us in default of our loans and require us to immediately repay a significant portion or possibly the entire outstanding balance of our loans. In the event of a default, Compeer could also elect to proceed with a foreclosure action on our plant.

Grants

The Minnesota State Legislature established the Bioincentive Program in 2015 to encourage commercial-scale production of advanced biofuels, renewable chemicals, and biomass thermal energy through production incentive payments. Eligible producers of cellulosic ethanol may receive $0.16 per gallon of cellulosic ethanol produced subject to program funding limitations. We received awards from the Bioincentive Program of approximately $93,000, recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 in other income and $102,000, recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 in other income. We received awards from the Bioincentive Program of approximately $92,000, recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2024 in other income, $116,000, recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2024 in other income, and and $17,000, recorded in the third quarter of fiscal 2024 in other income.

Capital Expenditures

We entered into an agreement on February 28, 2025, with ICM, Inc. to construct a sieve bottle and EVAP Zero which are expected to increase efficiencies. The construction commenced in the spring of 2025 and is expected to be completed in the fall of 2025 at an approximate cost of $4,200,000, to be funded from operations and existing debt facilities.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Management uses various estimates and assumptions in preparing our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses. Accounting estimates that are the most important to the presentation of our results of operations and financial condition, and which require the greatest use of judgment by management, are designated as our critical accounting estimates. We have the following critical accounting estimates:

Inventory Valuation

We value our inventory at lower of cost or net realizable value. Our estimates are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. These valuations require the use of management's assumptions which do not reflect unanticipated events and circumstances that may occur. In our analysis, we consider corn costs and ethanol prices, break-even points for our plant and our risk management strategies in place through our derivative instruments. Given the significant assumptions required and the possibility that actual conditions will differ, we consider the valuation of the lower of cost or net realizable value on inventory to be a critical accounting estimate.

Derivatives

We are exposed to market risks from changes in interest rates, corn, natural gas, and ethanol prices. We may seek to minimize these commodity price fluctuation risks through the use of derivative instruments. In the event we utilize derivative instruments, we will attempt to link these instruments to financing plans, sales plans, market developments, and pricing activities. Such instruments in and of themselves can result in additional costs due to unexpected directional price movements.

We have entered into ethanol, corn and natural gas derivatives in order to protect cash flows from fluctuations caused by volatility in commodity prices. In practice, as markets move, we actively attempt to manage our risk and adjust hedging strategies as appropriate. We do not use hedge accounting which would match the gain or loss on our hedge positions to the specific commodity contracts being hedged. Instead, we use fair value accounting for our hedge positions, which means that as the current market price of our hedge position changes, the gains and losses are immediately recognized in our statement of operations. The immediate recognition of hedging gains and losses under fair value accounting can cause net income (loss) to be volatile from quarter to quarter due to the timing of the change in value of the derivative instruments relative to the cost and use of the commodity being hedged.

As of April 30, 2025, the fair values of our commodity-based derivative instruments are a net liability of approximately $775,651. As the prices of the hedged commodity moves in reaction to market trends and information, our statement of operations will be affected depending on the impact such market movements have on the value of our derivative instruments. Depending on market movements, crop prospects and weather, these price protection positions may cause immediate adverse effects, but are expected to protect the Company over the term of the contracts for the hedged amounts.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to the impact of market fluctuations associated with interest rates and commodity prices as discussed below. We have no exposure to foreign currency risk as all of our business is conducted in U.S. Dollars. We use derivative financial instruments as part of an overall strategy to manage market risk. We may use cash, futures and option contracts to hedge changes to the commodity prices of corn and natural gas. We do not enter into these derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes, nor do we designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates. Exposure to interest rate risk results primarily from our Term Revolving Loan and Revolving Line of Credit Loan, each bearing a variable interest rate. As of April 30, 2025, we had $0 outstanding on the Term Revolving Loan and the Revolving Line of Credit Loan. As of April 30, 2025, interest accrues on these loans at a variable interest rate based on the Wall Street Journal's Prime Rate plus 10 basis points with a minimum interest rate of 2.10% and the applicable interest rate was 7.60%. Given the balance owed on these loans as of April 30, 2025, we have determined that our exposure to market risk from changes in interest rates is not material. The specifics of each loan are discussed in greater detail in “Item 2 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Commodity Price Risk

We expect to be exposed to market risk from changes in commodity prices. Exposure to commodity price risk results from our dependence on corn and natural gas in the ethanol production process and the sale of ethanol and distillers grains. We may seek to minimize the risks from fluctuations in the prices of raw material inputs through the use of corn commodity-based and natural gas derivatives. These derivatives are not designated as effective hedges for accounting purposes. For derivative instruments that are not accounted for as hedges, or for the ineffective portions of qualifying hedges, the change in fair value is recorded through earnings in the period of change. Corn and natural gas derivative changes in fair market value are included in costs of goods sold.

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into forward contracts for our commodity purchases. At April 30, 2025, we had 4,263,615 bushels of forward fixed basis corn purchase contracts and 2,564,270 bushels of forward fixed price corn purchase contracts valued at approximately $11,858,000. These purchase contracts are for various delivery periods through December 31, 2025. At April 30, 2025, we had 981,500 MMBTUs of forward fixed basis natural gas purchase contracts and 2,238,000 MMBTUs of fixed price natural gas purchase contracts valued at approximately $7,566,000 for delivery periods through October 31, 2027. At April 30, 2025, we had 971,250 gallons of fixed price denaturant purchase contracts valued at approximately $1,413,000 for various delivery periods through December 31, 2025.

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into forward contracts for our commodity sales. At April 30, 2025, we had 5,619 tons of forward fixed price dried distillers grains sales contracts valued at approximately $778,000 for delivery periods through September 30, 2025. At April 30, 2025, we had 6,600 tons of forward fixed price modified distillers grains sales contracts valued at approximately $479,000 for delivery periods through August 31, 2025. At April 30, 2025, we had 2,672,870 pounds of forward fixed price corn oil sales contracts valued at approximately $1,370,000 for delivery periods through June 30, 2025.

We recorded gains due to changes in the fair value of our outstanding corn derivative future positions of approximately $147,594 for the three months ended April 30, 2025. We recorded losses due to changes in the fair value of our outstanding corn derivative future positions of approximately ($81,705) for the three months ended April 30, 2024. We recorded gains due to changes in the fair value of our outstanding ethanol derivative future positions of approximately $7,518 and $4,697 for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We recorded losses due to changes in fair value of our outstanding natural gas derivative future positions of approximately ($131,685) and ($1,886) for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

As commodity prices move in reaction to market trends and information, our income statement will be affected depending on the impact such market movements have on the value of our derivative instruments. Depending on market movements, crop prospects and weather, these price protection positions may cause immediate adverse effects, but are expected to produce long-term positive growth for us.

A sensitivity analysis has been prepared to estimate our exposure to ethanol, distillers grains, corn and natural gas price risk. Market risk related to these factors is estimated as the potential change in income resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in the average cost of our corn and natural gas prices and average ethanol and distillers grains prices as of April 30, 2025, net of the forward and future contracts used to hedge our market risk for corn and natural gas usage requirements. The volumes are based on our expected use and sale of these commodities for a one year period from April 30, 2025. The results of this analysis, which may differ from actual results, are approximately as follows:


	Estimated Volume Requirements for the next 12 months (net of forward and futures contracts)	Unit of Measure	Hypothetical Adverse Change in Price as of April 30, 2025		Approximate Adverse Change to Income
Natural Gas	399,150	MMBTU	10	%		$	133,000
Ethanol	69,000,000	Gallons	10	%		$	11,040,000
Corn	16,172,000	Bushels	10	%		$	7,197,000
DDGs	113,000	Tons	10	%		$	1,582,000

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management is responsible for maintaining disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. In addition, the disclosure controls and procedures must ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required financial and other required disclosures.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (the principal executive officer), Brian Kletscher, along with our Chief Financial Officer (the principal financial officer), Lucas Schneider, have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of April 30, 2025. Based on this review and evaluation, these officers have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods required by the forms and rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission; and to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended April 30, 2025, which were identified in connection with management’s evaluation required by paragraph (d) of rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following risk factor is provided due to material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2024. The risk factor set forth below should be read in conjunction with the risk factors section and the Management's Discussion and Analysis section included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2024.

Trade disputes could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

Trade disputes can lead to the implementing of tariffs on our products or on commodities that we use in our operations which could cause significant fluctuations in prices and have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results. In early 2025, the Trump administration announced additional tariffs on various imports from China, Mexico, and Canada, and signaled a willingness to renegotiate or withdraw from existing trade agreements. These actions have prompted actual or threatened retaliatory measures against U.S. exports, including ethanol and agricultural products in some cases. However, there is currently significant uncertainty about potential trade actions or how they may affect our business. We cannot predict the impact that future trade policy or the terms of any negotiated trade agreements may have on our business or on our industry.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES


Period	Total Number of Units Purchased	Average Price Paid per Unit $	Total Number of Units Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Units that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
February 1, 2025 - February 28, 2025	—	—	—	—
March 1, 2025 - March 31, 2025	1	10,000	—	—
April 1, 2025 - April 30, 2025	—	—	—	—
Total	1	10,000	—	—

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. Other Information

Insider Trading Arrangements

No governor or officer adopted or terminated any contract, instruction, or written plan for the purchase or sale of company securities or any non-rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the second quarter of our 2025 fiscal year.

Item 6. Exhibits.

(a)The following exhibits are filed as part of this report.


Exhibit No.						Exhibit
31.1						Certificate Pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a)*
31.2						Certificate Pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a)*
32.1						Certificate Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350*
32.2						Certificate Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350*
101.INS						Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear on the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE						Inline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in the Interactive Data Files submitted as Exhibit 101).

(+) Confidential Treatment Requested.

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		HIGHWATER ETHANOL, LLC

Date:	June 11, 2025	/s/ Brian Kletscher
		Brian Kletscher
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date:	June 11, 2025	/s/ Lucas Schneider
		Lucas Schneider
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)