10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024

or 

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 1-12777

 

AZZ Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Texas		75-0948250
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
One Museum Place, Suite 500
3100 West 7th Street
Fort Worth,	Texas	76107
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(817) 810-0095

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	AZZ	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ☐    No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  

Large Accelerated Filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐
Smaller reporting company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐  No ☒

As of October 4, 2024, the registrant had outstanding 29,876,952 shares of common stock; $1.00 par value per share. 

		PAGE NO.
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	39
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	39
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	39
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	40
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	40
Item 5	Other Information	40
Item 6.	Exhibits	41
	SIGNATURES	42

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

AZZ INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except par value)

(Unaudited)

 

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,152	$	4,349
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $(2,128) and $(2,347) at August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively	153,108		142,246
Other receivables	22,804		15,599
Inventories	115,249		117,656
Contract assets	93,983		79,335
Prepaid expenses and other	13,860		7,814
Total current assets	401,156		366,999
Property, plant and equipment, net	569,732		541,652
Right-of-use assets	22,053		23,739
Goodwill	705,724		705,468
Deferred tax assets	5,616		5,606
Intangible assets, net	433,929		445,435
Investment in AVAIL joint venture	97,768		98,169
Other assets	4,352		8,437
Total assets	$	2,240,330	$	2,195,505
Liabilities, Mezzanine Equity and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	108,699	$	88,001
Income taxes payable	1,919		172
Accrued salaries and wages	24,947		30,823
Other accrued liabilities	74,991		68,651
Lease liability, short-term	6,574		6,659
Total current liabilities	217,130		194,306
Long-term debt, net	912,572		952,742
Lease liability, long-term	16,263		17,827
Deferred tax liabilities	42,261		38,567
Other long-term liabilities	52,348		57,572
Total liabilities	1,240,574		1,261,014
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)
Mezzanine equity:
Series A Preferred Stock, $1,000 par value; 100,000 shares authorized; 240 shares issued and outstanding February 29, 2024; aggregate liquidation preference $312,520 at February 29, 2024	—		233,722
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock, $1 par value; 100,000 shares authorized; 29,877 and 25,102 shares issued and outstanding at August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively	29,877		25,102
Capital in excess of par value	411,263		103,330
Retained earnings	565,511		576,231
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(6,895)		(3,894)
Total shareholders’ equity	999,756		700,769
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity	$	2,240,330	$	2,195,505

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

3

AZZ INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share and dividend amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sales	$	409,007	$	398,542	$	822,215	$	789,415
Cost of sales	305,493		301,296		616,031		595,150
Gross margin	103,514		97,246		206,184		194,265
Selling, general and administrative	35,868		36,239		68,789		67,762
Operating income	67,646		61,007		137,395		126,503
Interest expense, net	(21,909)		(27,770)		(44,683)		(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	1,478		974		5,302		2,394
Other income, net	417		88		621		50
Income before income taxes	47,632		34,299		98,635		72,471
Income tax expense	12,213		5,967		23,614		15,617
Net income	35,419		28,332		75,021		56,854
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	—		(3,600)		(1,200)		(7,200)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	—		—		(75,198)		—
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	35,419	$	24,732	$	(1,377)	$	49,654
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.19	$	0.99	$	(0.05)	$	1.99
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.18	$	0.97	$	(0.05)	$	1.95
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic	29,852		25,054		28,294		24,997
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted	30,057		29,210		28,294		29,196
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.17	$	0.17	$	0.34	$	0.34

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

4

AZZ INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	35,419	$	24,732	$	(1,377)	$	49,654
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized translation gain	864		18		439		38
Unrealized translation loss for unconsolidated subsidiary(1)	(531)		(2,885)		(531)		(1,774)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives qualified for hedge accounting:
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax(2)	(3,062)		5,254		(842)		1,869
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings, net of tax(3)	(1,113)		(939)		(2,214)		(1,487)
Unrealized gain on interest rate swap, net of tax for unconsolidated subsidiary(4)	6		278		147		113
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,836)		1,726		(3,001)		(1,241)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	31,583	$	26,458	$	(4,378)	$	48,413
(1) Unrealized translation loss for unconsolidated subsidiary is related to our unconsolidated investment in the AVAIL JV and represents our 40% interest     in this amount. Net of tax benefit of $(210) for both the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and $0 for both the three and six months ended     August 31, 2023.
(2) Net of tax expense (benefit) of ($967) and $1,908 for the three months ended August 31,2024 and 2023, respectively. Net of tax expense (benefit) of     ($342) and $679 for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
(3) Net of tax benefit of ($351) and ($341) for the three months ended August 31,2024 and 2023, respectively. Net of tax benefit of $(699) and $(540)      for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. See Note 8.
(4) Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax for unconsolidated subsidiary is related to our unconsolidated investment in the     AVAIL JV and represents our 40% interest in this amount. Net of tax expense of $2 and $101 for the three months ended August 31,2024 and 2023,     respectively. Net of tax expense of $46 and $41 for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

5

AZZ INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	(1,377)	$	49,654
Plus: Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	1,200		7,200
Plus: Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	75,198		—
Net income	75,021		56,854
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Bad debt expense	1		79
Depreciation and amortization	40,750		38,677
Deferred income taxes	4,881		(2,656)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities	(5,302)		(2,394)
Distribution on investment in AVAIL joint venture	5,155		—
Net gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(487)		(13)
Amortization of debt financing costs	6,219		6,062
Share-based compensation expense	7,448		4,019
Changes in current assets and current liabilities	(8,493)		21,385
Changes in other long-term assets and long-term liabilities	(5,763)		(3,672)
Net cash provided by operating activities	119,430		118,341
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(59,501)		(42,726)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment	761		20
Net cash used in investing activities	(58,740)		(42,706)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	310,237		1,464
Redemption of Series A Preferred Stock	(308,920)		—
Tax payments related to net share settlement of equity awards	(4,977)		(791)
Proceeds from Revolving Credit Facility	193,000		142,000
Payments on Revolving Credit Facility	(148,000)		(202,000)
Payments of debt financing costs	(715)		(1,203)
Payments on long term debt and finance lease liabilities	(90,432)		(162)
Payments of dividends	(12,943)		(15,688)
Net cash used in financing activities	(62,750)		(76,380)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(137)		33
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(2,197)		(712)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	4,349		2,820
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	2,152	$	2,108

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

6

AZZ INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Common Stock			Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance at May 31, 2024	29,814	$	29,814	$	405,309	$	535,168	$	(3,059)	$	967,232
Share-based compensation	—	—		4,903		—		—		4,903
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	20	20		(420)		—		—		(400)
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	43	43		1,526		—		—		1,569
Secondary public offering and issuance of additional common stock	—	—		(55)		—		—		(55)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	—	—		—		(5,076)		—		(5,076)
Net income	—	—		—		35,419		—		35,419
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—		(3,836)		(3,836)
Balance at August 31, 2024	29,877	$	29,877	$	411,263	$	565,511	$	(6,895)	$	999,756
	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Common Stock			Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance at February 29, 2024	25,102	$	25,102	$	103,330	$	576,231	$	(3,894)	$	700,769
Share-based compensation	—	—		7,438		—		—		7,438
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	132	132		(5,099)		—		—		(4,967)
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	43	43		1,526		—		—		1,569
Secondary public offering and issuance of additional common stock	4,600	4,600		304,068		—		—		308,668
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	—	—		—		(1,200)		—		(1,200)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	—	—		—		(9,343)		—		(9,343)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	—	—		—		(75,198)		—		(75,198)
Net income	—	—		—		75,021		—		75,021
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—		(3,001)		(3,001)
Balance at August 31, 2024	29,877	$	29,877	$	411,263	$	565,511	$	(6,895)	$	999,756

7

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Common Stock			Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance at May 31, 2023	25,013	$	25,013	$	93,449	$	526,729	$	(7,540)	$	637,651
Share-based compensation	—	—		2,115		—		—		2,115
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	22	22		898		—		—		920
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	42	42		1,422		—		—		1,464
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	—	—		—		(3,600)		—		(3,600)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	—	—		—		(4,253)		—		(4,253)
Net income	—	—		—		28,332		—		28,332
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—		1,726		1,726
Balance at August 31, 2023	25,077	$	25,077	$	97,884	$	547,208	$	(5,814)	$	664,355
	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Common Stock			Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance at February 28, 2023	24,912	$	24,912	$	93,357	$	506,042	$	(4,573)	$	619,738
Share-based compensation	—	—		4,019		—		—		4,019
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	123	123		(914)		—		—		(791)
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	42	42		1,422		—		—		1,464
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	—	—		—		(7,200)		—		(7,200)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	—	—		—		(8,488)		—		(8,488)
Net income	—	—		—		56,854		—		56,854
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—		(1,241)		(1,241)
Balance at August 31, 2023	25,077	$	25,077	$	97,884	$	547,208	$	(5,814)	$	664,355

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

8

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. The Company and Basis of Presentation

AZZ Inc. ("AZZ", the "Company", "our" or "we") was established in 1956 and incorporated under the laws of the state of Texas. We are a provider of hot-dip galvanizing and coil coating solutions to a broad range of end-markets in North America. We have three distinct operating segments: the AZZ Metal Coatings segment, the AZZ Precoat Metals segment, and the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. Our AZZ Metal Coatings segment is a leading provider of metal finishing solutions for corrosion protection, including hot-dip galvanizing, spin galvanizing, powder coating, anodizing and plating to the North American steel fabrication industry and other industries. The AZZ Precoat Metals segment provides aesthetic and corrosion protective coatings and related value-added services for steel and aluminum coil, primarily serving the construction; appliance; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC); container; transportation and other end markets in North America. The AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment represents our 40% non-controlling interest in AIS Investment Holdings LLC (the "AVAIL JV"). AIS Investment Holdings LLC is primarily dedicated to delivering safe and reliable transmission of power from generation sources to end customers, and automated weld overlay solutions for corrosion and erosion mitigation to critical infrastructure in markets worldwide.

Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of February 29, 2024 was derived from audited financial statements. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2024, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K covering such period which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on April 22, 2024.  Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Our fiscal year ends on the last day of February and is identified as the fiscal year for the calendar year in which it ends. For example, the fiscal year ending February 28, 2025 is referred to as fiscal 2025.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of August 31, 2024, the results of its operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023. The interim results reported herein are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures ("ASU 2023-09"), which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The update will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. We expect to adopt ASU 2023-09 for the annual period ending February 28, 2025 and the adoption will not affect our financial position or our results of operations, but will result in additional disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"), which expands disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and requires more enhanced information about a reportable segment’s expenses, interim segment profit or loss, and how a public entity’s chief operating decision maker uses reported segment profit or loss information in assessing segment performance and allocating resources. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to affect our financial position or our results of operations, but will result in additional disclosures for our annual reporting period ending February 28, 2025 and interim reporting periods in fiscal 2026.

9

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

2. Inventories

The following table summarizes the components of inventory (in thousands):

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Raw material	$	111,728	$	111,674
Work in process	552		898
Finished goods	2,969		5,084
Total inventories	$	115,249	$	117,656

Our inventory reserves were $3.5 million and $4.5 million as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively. Inventory cost is determined principally using the first-in-first-out (FIFO) method for the AZZ Metal Coatings segment and the specific identification method for the Precoat Metals segment.

3. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by giving effect to the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised and converted into common shares during the year.

On April 30, 2024, we completed a secondary public offering in which we issued 4.6 million common shares. The weighted average number of shares for the period outstanding for the six months ended August 31, 2024 are included in weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share. See Note 14. As of August 31, 2024, there were 29.9 million common shares outstanding, which includes the shares from the secondary public offering.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	35,419	$	28,332	$	75,021	$	56,854
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	—		(3,600)		(1,200)		(7,200)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	—		—		(75,198)		—
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	35,419	$	24,732	$	(1,377)	$	49,654
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	—		3,600		—		7,200
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	35,419	$	28,332	$	(1,377)	$	56,854
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	29,852		25,054		28,294		24,997
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee and director stock awards	205		39		—		82
Series A Preferred Stock	—		4,117		—		4,117
Denominator for diluted earnings per share	30,057		29,210		28,294		29,196
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.19	$	0.99	$	(0.05)	$	1.99
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.18	$	0.97	$	(0.05)	$	1.95

    

10

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the three months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, there were 76,068 and 126,882 shares, respectively, related to employee equity awards that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, 70,455 and 125,793 shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the six months ended August 31, 2024, all shares related to the Series A Preferred Stock (1.6 million weighted average shares) were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. These shares could be dilutive in future periods.

11

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

4. Disaggregated Sales

The following table presents disaggregated sales by customer industry (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sales:
Construction	$	233,196	$	216,807	$	461,691	$	422,337
Industrial	36,691		42,245		76,767		82,889
Transportation	36,550		35,869		74,913		72,626
Consumer	31,408		34,673		65,169		70,258
Utilities	30,731		25,905		59,346		51,312
Other (1)	40,431		43,043		84,329		89,993
Total Sales	$	409,007	$	398,542	$	822,215	$	789,415
(1) Other includes less significant markets, such as agriculture, recreation, petro-chem, AZZ Tubular products and sales from recycling.

See also Note 6 for sales information by operating segment.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in accounts receivable, contract assets (unbilled receivables), and contract liabilities (customer advances and deposits) on the consolidated balance sheets. Our contract assets and contract liabilities are primarily related to the AZZ Precoat Metals segment. Customer billing can occur subsequent to revenue recognition, resulting in contract assets. In addition, we can receive advances from our customers, before revenue is recognized, resulting in contract liabilities. These assets and liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheets on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

The increases or decreases in contract assets and contract liabilities during the six months ended August 31, 2024 were primarily due to normal timing differences between AZZ's performance and customer payments. As of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, the balance for contract assets was $94.0 million and $79.3 million, respectively, primarily related to the AZZ Precoat Metals segment. The increase was primarily due to the timing differences noted above, as well as the increase in the volume of coil coated for the six months ended August 31, 2024. Contract liabilities of $0.7 million and $1.0 million as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively, are included in "Other accrued liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.

As of August 31, 2023 and February 28, 2023, the balance for contract assets was $76.8 million and $79.3 million, respectively, primarily related to the AZZ Precoat Metals segment. Contract liabilities were $1.1 million and $1.3 million as of August 31, 2023 and February 28, 2023, respectively.

12

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

5. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

To arrive at net cash provided by operating activities, net income is adjusted by, among other things, changes in current assets and current liabilities as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Decrease (increase) in current assets:
Accounts receivable, net	$	(10,813)	$	(13,711)
Other receivables	(7,186)		13,101
Inventories	2,454		7,460
Contract assets	(14,648)		57
Prepaid expenses and other	(6,041)		(2,544)
Increase (decrease) in current liabilities:
Accounts payable	23,269		15,037
Income taxes payable	1,747		(226)
Accrued expenses	2,725		2,211
Changes in current assets and current liabilities	$	(8,493)	$	21,385

Cash flows related to interest and income taxes were as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for interest	$	41,227	$	51,539
Cash paid for income taxes	13,703		12,930

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities were as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Accrued dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	$	—	$	2,400
Accruals for capital expenditures	5,379		5,579

6. Operating Segments

Segment Information

Our Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), reviews financial information presented on an operating segment basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. Sales and operating income are the primary measures used by the CODM to evaluate segment operating performance and to allocate resources to the AZZ Metal Coatings and the AZZ Precoat Metals segments, and net income is the primary measure used by the CODM to evaluate performance and allocate resources to the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. Expenses related to certain centralized administration or executive functions that are not specifically related to an operating segment are included in Corporate.

A summary of each of our operating segments is as follows:

AZZ Metal Coatings — provides hot-dip galvanizing, spin galvanizing, powder coating, anodizing and plating, and other metal coating applications to the steel fabrication industry and other industries through facilities located throughout North America. Hot-dip galvanizing is a metallurgical manufacturing process in which molten zinc reacts with steel, which provides corrosion protection and extends the lifecycle of fabricated steel for several decades.

13

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AZZ Precoat Metals — provides coil coating application of protective and decorative coatings and related value-added downstream processing for steel and aluminum coils. Primarily serving the construction, appliance, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), container, transportation, and other end markets, the coil coating process emphasizes sustainability and enhanced product lifecycles. It involves cleaning, treating, painting, and curing metal coils as a flat material before they are cut, formed, and fabricated into finished products. This highly efficient method optimizes waste through tight film control and improves final product performance by painting and curing the substrates under conditions unmatched by other application processes.

AZZ Infrastructure Solutions — consists of the equity in earnings of our 40% investment in the AVAIL JV, as well as other expenses directly related to AIS receivables and liabilities that were retained following the divestiture of the AIS business. The AVAIL JV is a global provider of application-critical equipment, highly engineered technologies, and specialized services to the power generation, transmission, distribution, oil and gas, and industrial markets.

The following tables contain operating segment data for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 by segment, for the Company's corporate operations and on a consolidated basis (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	171,500	$	237,507	$	—	$	—	$	409,007
Cost of sales	118,193		187,300		—		—		305,493
Gross margin	53,307		50,207		—		—		103,514
Selling, general and administrative	5,619		7,677		9		22,563		35,868
Operating income (loss)	47,688		42,530		(9)		(22,563)		67,646
Interest expense	—		—		—		(21,909)		(21,909)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		1,478		—		1,478
Other (expense) income	(7)		—		—		424		417
Income (loss) before income tax	$	47,681	$	42,530	$	1,469	(44,048)		47,632
Income tax expense							12,213		12,213
Net income (loss)							$	(56,261)	$	35,419

See notes below tables.

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	348,152	$	474,063	$	—	$	—	$	822,215
Cost of sales	240,929		375,102		—		—		616,031
Gross margin	107,223		98,961		—		—		206,184
Selling, general and administrative	11,602		16,338		38		40,811		68,789
Operating income (loss)	95,621		82,623		(38)		(40,811)		137,395
Interest expense	—		—		—		(44,683)		(44,683)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		5,302		—		5,302
Other income	49		—		—		572		621
Income (loss) before income tax	$	95,670	$	82,623	$	5,264	(84,922)		98,635
Income tax expense							23,614		23,614
Net income (loss)							$	(108,536)	$	75,021

See notes below tables.

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	169,837	$	228,705	$	—	$	—	$	398,542
Cost of sales	119,471		181,825		—		—		301,296
Gross margin	50,366		46,880		—		—		97,246
Selling, general and administrative	5,285		7,874		5,932		17,148		36,239
Operating income (loss)	45,081		39,006		(5,932)		(17,148)		61,007
Interest expense	—		—		—		(27,770)		(27,770)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		974		—		974
Other income	13		—		—		75		88
Income (loss) before income tax	$	45,094	$	39,006	$	(4,958)	(44,843)		34,299
Income tax expense							5,967		5,967
Net income (loss)							$	(50,810)	$	28,332

See notes below tables.

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals(4)		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	338,631	$	450,784	$	—	$	—	$	789,415
Cost of sales	237,328		357,822		—		—		595,150
Gross margin	101,303		92,962		—		—		194,265
Selling, general and administrative	10,751		16,266		5,954		34,791		67,762
Operating income (loss)	90,552		76,696		(5,954)		(34,791)		126,503
Interest expense	—		—		—		(56,476)		(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		2,394		—		2,394
Other income (expense)	(11)		—		—		61		50
Income (loss) before income tax	$	90,541	$	76,696	$	(3,560)	(91,206)		72,471
Income tax expense							15,617		15,617
Net income (loss)							$	(106,823)	$	56,854

(1) Infrastructure Solutions segment includes the equity in earnings from our investment in the AVAIL JV as well as other expenses related to

receivables and liabilities that were retained following the sale of the AIS business.

(2) Interest expense and Income tax expense are included in the Corporate segment as these items are not allocated to the segments.

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Asset balances by operating segment for each period were as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Assets:
Metal Coatings	$	550,394	$	553,505
Precoat Metals	1,557,895		1,500,122
Infrastructure Solutions - Investment in Joint Venture	97,768		98,169
Corporate	34,273		43,709
Total assets	$	2,240,330	$	2,195,505

Financial Information About Geographical Areas

Financial information about geographical areas for the periods presented was as follows (in thousands). The geographic area is based on the location of the operating facility and no customer accounted for 10 percent or more of consolidated sales.

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sales:
United States	$	398,658	$	388,538	$	801,709	$	769,860
Canada	10,349		10,004		20,506		19,555
Total	$	409,007	$	398,542	$	822,215	$	789,415

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Property, plant and equipment, net:
United States	$	550,761	$	522,693
Canada	18,971		18,959
Total	$	569,732	$	541,652

7. Investments in Unconsolidated Entity

AVAIL JV

We account for our 40% interest in the AVAIL JV under the equity method of accounting and include our equity in earnings as part of the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. We record our equity in earnings in the AVAIL JV on a one-month lag, and we recorded $5.3 million in equity in earnings for the six months ended August 31, 2024. As of August 31, 2024, our investment in the AVAIL JV was $97.8 million, which includes an excess of $10.2 million over the underlying value of the net assets of the AVAIL JV. The excess is accounted for as equity method goodwill.

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Summarized Balance Sheet
	As of
	August 31, 2024(1)
Current assets	$	281,937
Long-term assets	177,926
Total assets	$	459,863
Current liabilities	139,333
Long-term liabilities	124,359
Total liabilities	$	263,692
Total partners' capital	196,171
Total liabilities and partners' capital	$	459,863

Summarized Operating Data
	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	August 31, 2024(1)		August 31, 2024(1)
Sales	$	119,584	$	249,300
Gross profit	27,569		59,086
Net income	2,780		10,955
(1) We report our equity in earnings on a one-month lag basis; therefore, amounts in the summarized financials above are as of and for the     three and six months ended July 31, 2024. Amounts in the table above exclude certain adjustments made by us to record equity in     earnings of the AVAIL JV under U.S GAAP for public companies, primarily to reverse the amortization of goodwill.

8. Derivative Instruments

Interest Rate Swap Derivative

As a policy, we do not hold, issue or trade derivative instruments for speculative purposes. We periodically enter into forward sale contracts to purchase a specified volume of zinc and natural gas at fixed prices. These contracts are not accounted for as derivatives because they meet the criteria for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 815, Derivatives and Hedging.

We manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates on our floating-rate debt by entering into interest rate swap agreements to convert a portion of our variable-rate debt to a fixed rate. On September 27, 2022, we entered into a fixed-rate interest rate swap agreement, which was subsequently amended on October 7, 2022 (the "2022 Swap"), with banks that are parties to the 2022 Credit Agreement, to change the SOFR-based component of the interest rate. The 2022 Swap converts the SOFR portion to 4.277%. On March 20, 2024, we repriced our Term Loan B to SOFR plus 3.25%, resulting in a total fixed rate of 7.527%. See Note 17 for information related to the repricing of the Company's Term Loan B on September 24, 2024. The 2022 Swap had an initial notional amount of $550.0 million and a maturity date of September 30, 2025. The notional amount of the interest rate swap decreases by a pro-rata portion of any quarterly principal payments made on the Term Loan B, and the current notional amount is $539.0 million as of August 31, 2024. The objective of the 2022 Swap is to eliminate the variability of cash flows in interest payments attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates, for a portion of our variable-rate debt. The hedged risk is the interest rate risk exposure to changes in interest payments, attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates over the interest rate swap term. The changes in cash flows of the 2022 Swap exactly offset changes in cash flows of the variable-rate debt. We designated the 2022 Swap as a cash flow hedge at inception. Cash payments or receipts to settle the 2022 Swap are recognized in interest expense.

At August 31, 2024, changes in fair value attributable to the effective portion of the 2022 Swap were included on the condensed consolidated balance sheets in accumulated other comprehensive income. For derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting treatment, the fair value is recognized on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as derivative assets or liabilities with offsetting changes in fair value, to the extent effective, recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

until reclassified into earnings when the interest expense on the underlying debt is reflected in earnings. The portion of a cash flow hedge that does not offset the change in the fair value of the transaction being hedged, which is commonly referred to as the ineffective portion, is immediately recognized in earnings. During the six months ended August 31, 2024, we reclassified $2.9 million before income tax, or $2.2 million net of tax, from other comprehensive income to earnings.

9. Debt

Our long-term debt instruments and balances outstanding for each of the periods presented (in thousands):

 

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Revolving Credit Facility	$	75,000	$	30,000
Term Loan B	890,250		980,250
Total debt, gross	965,250		1,010,250
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(52,678)		(57,508)
Long-term debt, net	$	912,572	$	952,742

2022 Credit Agreement and Term Loan B

We have a credit agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions that was entered into on May 13, 2022, and was subsequently amended on August 17, 2023, December 20, 2023 and March 20, 2024 (collectively referred to herein as the "2022 Credit Agreement"). See Note 17 for information related to the repricing of the Company's Term Loan B on September 24, 2024.

The 2022 Credit Agreement includes the following significant terms:

i.provides for a senior secured initial term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $1.3 billion (the "Term Loan B"), due May 13, 2029, which is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company; as of August 31, 2024, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan B was $890.3 million;

ii.provides for a maximum senior secured Revolving Credit Facility in the aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), which matures on May 13, 2027;

iii.includes a letter of credit sub-facility of up to $100.0 million, which is part of, and not in addition to, the Revolving Credit Facility;

iv.borrowings under the Term Loan B bear a tiered interest rate of Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus 3.25% (following the repricing on March 20, 2024 as described below) and the Revolving Credit Facility bears a leverage-based rate with various tiers between 2.75% and 3.50%; as of August 31, 2024, the interest rate was SOFR plus 2.75%;

v.includes customary affirmative and negative covenants, and events of default; including restrictions on the incurrence of non-ordinary course debt, investment and dividends, subject to various exceptions; and,

vi.includes a maximum quarterly leverage ratio financial covenant, with reporting requirements to our banking group at each quarter-end.

On March 20, 2024, we entered the term loan market and repriced our existing Term Loan B. The repricing reduced the Term Loan B spread from a rate of SOFR plus 3.75% to SOFR plus 3.25%.

On September 24, 2024, we completed our third repricing of the Term Loan B, for which $890.3 million was outstanding as of August 31, 2024. The repricing reduced the margin from SOFR plus 3.25% to SOFR plus 2.50%, for a total reduction of 75 basis points.

We primarily utilize proceeds from the Revolving Credit Facility to finance working capital needs, capital improvements, quarterly cash dividends, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes.

As defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement, quarterly prepayments were due against the outstanding principal of the Term Loan B and were payable on the last business day of each May, August, November and February, beginning August 31, 2022, in a quarterly aggregate principal amount of $3.25 million, with the entire remaining principal amount due on May 13, 2029, the maturity date. Additional prepayments made against the Term Loan B contribute to these required quarterly payments. Due to prepayments made against the Term Loan B since August 31, 2022, the quarterly mandatory principal payment requirement has been met, and the quarterly payments of $3.25 million are no longer required.

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The weighted average interest rate for our outstanding debt, including the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan B, was 8.03% and 8.56% for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Debt Compliance, Outstanding Borrowings and Letters of Credit

Our 2022 Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the loan agreement) no greater than 4.5. As of August 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants and other requirements set forth in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

As of August 31, 2024, we had $965.3 million of debt outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan B, with varying maturities through fiscal 2029. We had approximately $310.7 million of additional credit available as of August 31, 2024.

As of August 31, 2024, we had total outstanding letters of credit in the amount of $14.3 million. These letters of credit are most commonly issued in lieu of customer retention withholding payments covering warranty, performance periods and insurance collateral.

Other Disclosures

Interest expense is comprised as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Gross Interest expense	$	23,621	$	28,298	$	47,827	$	57,260
Less: Capitalized interest	(1,712)		(528)		(3,144)		(784)
Interest expense, net	$	21,909	$	27,770	$	44,683	$	56,476

Capitalized interest for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 relates to interest cost on the construction of the greenfield aluminum coil coating facility in Washington, Missouri. The increase for the six months ended August 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period was due to the higher average construction work in process.

10. Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820"), certain of our assets and liabilities, which are carried at fair value, are classified in one of the following three categories:

•Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2: Observable market-based inputs, other than Level 1, or unobservable inputs corroborated by market data.

•Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data and reflect the Company’s own assumptions.

The carrying amount of our financial instruments (cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities) approximates the fair value of these instruments based upon either their short-term nature or their variable market rate of interest. We have not made an option to elect fair value accounting for any of our financial instruments.

Interest Rate Swap Agreement

Our derivative instrument consists of the 2022 Swap, which is considered a Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and included in "Other long-term liabilities" in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of August 31, 2024 and in "Other assets" as of February 29, 2024. The valuation of the 2022 Swap is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of the derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including swap rates, spread and/or index levels and interest rate curves. See Note 8 for more information about the 2022 Swap.

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024 are as follows (dollars in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements Using								Fair Value Measurements Using
	Carrying Value						Assets measured		Carrying Value						Assets measured
	August 31, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		at Net Asset Value		February 29, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		at Net Asset Value
Assets:
Interest Rate Swap Agreement(1)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3,410	$	—	$	3,410	$	—
Total Assets	$	—							$	3,410
Liabilities:
Interest Rate Swap Agreement(1)	687		—		687		—		—		—		—		—
Net Pension Obligation	26,007		—		—		26,007		31,148		—		—		31,148
Total Liabilities	$	26,694							$	31,148

(1) The fair value of the Company's interest rate swap agreement was an asset at February 29, 2024 and a liability at August 31, 2024.

(2) The Plan was underfunded with a pension obligation of $26.0 million as of August 31, 2024, which is included in 'Other long-term

    liabilities' on the consolidated balance sheets.

Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

Investment in Joint Venture

The fair value of our investment in the unconsolidated AVAIL JV was determined using the income approach at the date on which we entered into the joint venture. The income approach uses discounted cash flow models that require various observable and non-observable inputs, such as operating margins, revenues, product costs, operating expenses, capital expenditures, terminal-year values and risk-adjusted discount rates. These valuations resulted in Level 3 non-recurring fair value measurements.

We assess our investment in the unconsolidated AVAIL JV for recoverability when events and circumstances are present that suggest there has been a decline in value, and if it is determined that a loss in value of the investment is other than temporary, the investment is written down to its fair value.

Long-Term Debt

The fair values of our long-term debt instruments are estimated based on market values for debt issued with similar characteristics or rates currently available for debt with similar terms. These valuations are Level 2 non-recurring fair value measurements.

The principal amount of our outstanding debt was $965.3 million and $1,010.3 million at August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively. The estimated fair value of our outstanding debt was $972.5 million and $1,010.3 million at August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, excluding unamortized debt issuance costs. The estimated fair values of our outstanding debt were determined based on the present value of future cash flows using model-derived valuations that use observable inputs such as interest rates and credit spreads.

11. Leases

We are a lessee under various leases for facilities and equipment. As of August 31, 2024, we were the lessee for 148 operating leases and 55 finance leases with terms of 12 months or more. These leases are reflected on our balance sheet in "Right-of-use assets," "Lease liability - short-term" and "Lease liability - long-term."

20

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our leases are primarily for (i) operating facilities, (ii) vehicles and equipment used in operations, (iii) facilities used for back-office functions, (iv) equipment used for back-office functions, and (v) temporary storage. The majority of our vehicle and equipment leases have both a fixed and variable component.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheets and we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We have a significant number of short-term leases, including month-to-month agreements. Our short-term lease agreements include expenses incurred hourly, daily, monthly and for other durations of time of one year or less. Our future lease commitments as of August 31, 2024 do not reflect all of our short-term lease commitments.

The following table outlines the classification of right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024 (in thousands):

	Balance Sheet Classification	As of
		August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Assets
Operating right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets	$	17,194	$	19,808
Finance right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets	4,859		3,931
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities ― short-term	Lease liability - short-term	$	5,579	$	5,893
Operating lease liabilities ― long-term	Lease liability - long-term	12,284		14,606
Finance lease liabilities ― short-term	Lease liability - short-term	995		766
Finance lease liabilities ― long-term	Lease liability - long-term	3,979		3,221

Supplemental information related to AZZ's leases was as follows (in thousands, except years and percentages):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating cash flows from operating leases included in lease liabilities	$	1,794	$	1,834	$	3,561	$	3,654
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - operating	410		373		628		1,895
Decrease in ROU assets related to lease terminations	—		(1,294)		—		(1,302)
Financing cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	236		92		432		162
Operating cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	83		21		151		37
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - finance leases	1,009		599		1,419		599

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	3.8 years		4.12 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	4.62	%	4.49	%
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases	4.84 years		5.21 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	7.08	%	6.70	%

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table outlines the classification of lease expense related to operating and finance leases in the statements of operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease expense:
Cost of sales	$	3,026	$	3,035	$	6,029	$	6,060
Selling, general and administrative	488		506		977		1,005
Total operating lease expense	3,514		3,541		$	7,006	$	7,065
Financing lease expense:
Cost of sales	269		101		492		177
Interest expense	83		21		151		37
Total financing lease expense	352		122		643		214
Total lease expense	$	3,866	$	3,663	$	7,649	$	7,279

As of August 31, 2024, maturities of our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal year:	Operating Leases		Finance Leases		Total
2025	$	3,259	$	665	$	3,924
2026	5,912		1,263		7,175
2027	4,598		1,224		5,822
2028	2,542		1,137		3,679
2029	1,918		920		2,838
2030	462		499		961
Thereafter	796		170		966
Total lease payments	$	19,487	$	5,878	$	25,365
Less imputed interest	(1,624)		(904)		(2,528)
Total	$	17,863	$	4,974	$	22,837

We sublease multiple buildings in Columbia, South Carolina to multiple subtenants. The Columbia sublease agreements are by and between AZZ Precoat Metals and multiple subtenants. Sublease income is recognized over the term of the sublease on a straight-line basis and is reported in the consolidated statement of operations as a reduction to "Cost of sales." Sublease income for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sublease income	$	254	$	248	$	509	$	488

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

12. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate of 25.6% for the three months ended August 31, 2024, compared to 17.4% for the three months ended August 31, 2023. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to favorable adjustments in the prior year related to uncertain tax positions.

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate of 23.9% for the six months ended August 31, 2024, compared to 21.5% for the prior year comparable period. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to favorable adjustments in the prior year related to uncertain tax positions, partially offset by higher discrete items driven by tax deductions for stock compensation in fiscal year 2025.

13. Mezzanine Equity

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

On May 9, 2024, we fully redeemed our 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series A Preferred Stock") for $308.9 million. The payment was calculated as the face value of the Series A Preferred Stock of $240.0 million, multiplied by the Return Factor (as defined below) of 1.4, less dividends paid to date of $27.1 million. The redemption premium of $75.2 million, which was calculated as the difference between the redemption amount and the book value of $233.7 million, was recorded as a deemed dividend, and reduces net income available to common shareholders. The Series A Preferred Stock was redeemed using proceeds from the April 2024 Secondary Public Offering. See Note 14.

On August 5, 2022, we exchanged our $240.0 million 6.00% convertible subordinated notes which were due June 30, 2030, for 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Preferred Stock, following the receipt of shareholder approval for the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock had a $1.00 par value per share, and ranked senior to the common stock of the Company, including with respect to both income and capital, but junior to our indebtedness. The Series A Preferred Stock is classified as "Mezzanine equity" in the consolidated balance sheets and, as noted above, was fully redeemed on May 9, 2024.

Liquidation Preference

If we undergo a change of control, bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation or de-listing of AZZ’s common stock (a “Fundamental Change Event”), holders of Series A Preferred Stock may have elected to (i) receive the as-converted value of AZZ’s common stock at the then-current Conversion Price, (ii) require us to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock in cash for the Redemption Amount (as defined below) or (iii) retain their shares of Series A Preferred Stock if the Fundamental Change Event is a non-cash change of control.

The Series A Preferred Stock had a liquidation preference, as defined by U.S. GAAP, equal to the Redemption Amount. Under U.S. GAAP, the liquidation preference is defined as the amount that would be required to be paid to the shareholders upon liquidation or dissolution of the Company. As of February 29, 2024, the holders of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to a liquidation preference of approximately $312.5 million in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company as of such year end.

The Certificate of Designation for the Series A Preferred Stock defines "liquidation preference" as $1,000 per share plus any unpaid dividends, which we refer to herein as the "Series A Base Amount."

Dividends

The Series A Preferred Stock accumulated a 6.0% dividend per annum, or $15.00 per share per quarter. Dividends were payable in cash or in kind, by accreting and increasing the Series A Base Amount (“PIK Dividends”). Dividends were payable on the sum of (i) the aggregate liquidation preference amount of $240.0 million plus (ii) any PIK Dividends. Dividends were accrued daily and paid quarterly in arrears, on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. Following the calendar quarter ending June 30, 2027, we may not elect PIK Dividends and dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock must be paid in cash. All dividends have been paid in cash through August 31, 2024. The dividend will increase annually by one percentage point, beginning with the dividend payable for the calendar quarter ending September 30, 2028. Dividends declared and paid for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023 were $3.6 million and $7.2 million, respectively.

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Conversion Features

Subject to a minimum conversion threshold of 1,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock per conversion and customary anti-dilution and dividend adjustments, the Series A Preferred Stock was convertible by the holder at any time into shares of AZZ's common stock for $58.30 per common share (the “Conversion Price”). In addition, after May 13, 2024, we were entitled to provide holders of Series A Preferred Stock with notice of a mandatory conversion of a portion of the Series A Preferred Stock (which may not have exceeded 25% of the amount of Series A Preferred Stock issued in any single quarter) at the Conversion Price if the closing price of our common stock exceeded 185% of the Conversion Price for 20 consecutive trading days prior to the date of such notice and so long as the shelf registration statement filed November 4, 2022 to cover resales of the converted common stock remained effective and available for use.

Participation Rights

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock participated equally and ratably with the holders of AZZ's common stock in any dividends paid on AZZ’s common stock in excess of our current $0.17 quarterly dividend when, as and if declared by the Board as if such shares of Series A Preferred Stock had been converted to shares of common stock immediately prior to the record date for the payment of such dividend.

Redemption Features

AZZ had the right to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at a price equal to the greater of (i) the Series A Base Amount plus accrued but unpaid dividends; (ii) the initial Series A Base Amount (excluding any prior PIK dividends) multiplied by the Return Factor less all dividends paid through the redemption date; or (iii) the amount the holder of such share of convertible preferred stock would have received had such holder, immediately prior to such redemption date, converted such shares of convertible preferred stock into common shares (such greater amount, the “Redemption Amount”).

The redemption price under option (ii) contains a "Return Factor," which was equal to 1.4 until May 13, 2024 and, (a) in each of the three years thereafter, would have increased by 0.15, (b) would have increased by an additional 0.15 after May 13, 2024 (the second anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock) if (i) our ratio of net debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) on the second anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock was greater than 3.5-to-1 and (ii) prior to May 13, 2024,we had not consummated dispositions of assets that, in the aggregate, resulted in proceeds in excess of $200.0 million and (c) would have increased by an additional 0.20 on May 13, 2028, (the sixth anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock) and each anniversary thereafter.

The redemption price under option (iii) was subject to provisions of the Certificate of Designation that limited our right to redeem to the period following the two year anniversary of the initial issuance, limited the quarterly conversion to up to 25% of the number of shares of convertible preferred stock outstanding, and required our market price per share of common stock to exceed 185% of the conversion price.

As of February 29, 2024, the Redemption Amount for the Series A Preferred stock was $312.5 million.

Voting Rights

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to a number of votes on all matters presented to holders of voting capital stock of AZZ equal to the number of shares of the AZZ’s common stock then issuable upon conversion of such holders’ Series A Preferred Stock. The vote or consent of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock would have been required for certain actions, including:

a.issuances by AZZ of equity securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series A Preferred Stock, including any additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock;

b.incurrence of any additional indebtedness (including refinancings of existing indebtedness) by the Company unless our ratio of net debt to EBITDA (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) does not exceed 5.5x;

c.refinancings of the 2022 Credit Agreement, subject to certain exceptions;

d.dividends or distributions upon, or redemptions of, shares of AZZ’s common stock unless our ratio of net debt to EBITDA (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) does not exceed 5.5x;

e.any acquisition, investment, sale, disposition or similar transaction (whether of an entity, business, equity interests or assets) that has total consideration (including assumption of liabilities) of at least $250.0 million (or, when our market

24

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

capitalization is $2.0 billion or greater, has total consideration (including assumption of liabilities) of at least $500.0 million);

f.amendments to our organizational documents that would have an adverse effect on the holders of Series A Preferred Stock;

g.any affiliate transaction except those on arms’-length terms; and

h.any voluntary dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy, winding up or deregistration or delisting of AZZ’s common stock.

The holders of Series A Preferred Stock also had customary information and preemptive rights, and the Series A Preferred Stock was subject to customary anti-dilution provisions. The Series A Preferred Stock, and all shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, had customary demand and piggyback registration rights pursuant to the registration rights agreement, which was entered into on May 13, 2022 with BTO Pegasus Holdings DE L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (together with its assignees, “Blackstone”). Holders of Series A Preferred Stock were prohibited from transferring shares of Series A Preferred Stock to any competitor of AZZ or activist investors, subject to certain exceptions.

14. Equity

April 2024 Secondary Public Offering

On April 30, 2024, we completed a secondary public offering in which we sold 4.6 million shares of our common stock at $70.00 per share (the "April 2024 Secondary Public Offering"). We received gross proceeds of $322.0 million, and paid offering expenses of $13.3 million, for net proceeds of $308.7 million. The proceeds from the April 2024 Offering were used to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock. See Note 13.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"), after tax, for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(8,053)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	3,652	$	108	$	(3,059)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	864		(531)		—		(3,062)		6		(2,723)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,113)		—		(1,113)
Net change in AOCI	864		(531)		—		(4,175)		6		(3,836)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,628)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	2,533	$	(33)	$	(3,894)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	439		(531)		—		(842)		147		(787)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(2,214)		—		(2,214)
Net change in AOCI	439		(531)		—		(3,056)		147		(3,001)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,552)	$	1,112	$	119	$	(1,054)	$	(165)	$	(7,540)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	18		(2,885)		—		5,254		278		2,665
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(939)		—		(939)
Net change in AOCI	18		(2,885)		—		4,315		278		1,726
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,571)	$	—	$	119	$	2,879	$	—	$	(4,573)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	37		(1,773)		—		1,870		113		247
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,488)		—		(1,488)
Net change in AOCI	37		(1,773)		—		382		113		(1,241)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

26

AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

15. Defined Benefit Pension Plan

Pension and Employee Benefit Obligations

In our Precoat Metals segment, certain current or past employees participate in a defined benefit pension plan (the "Plan"). Prior to the Precoat Acquisition, benefit accruals were frozen for all participants. After the freeze, participants no longer accrued benefits under the Plan, and new hires of AZZ Precoat Metals are not eligible to participate in the Plan. As of August 31, 2024, the Plan was underfunded, and we have a pension obligation of $26.0 million, which is included in "Other long-term liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets and represents the underfunded portion of the Plan.

The components of net benefit cost other than the employer service cost are included in "Selling, general and administrative" expense. The following table outlines the net benefit cost and its components (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Expected return on plan assets	$	1,711	$	1,759	$	3,414	$	3,517
Interest cost	(1,491)		(1,488)		(2,975)		(2,975)
Net benefit cost	$	220	$	271	$	439	$	542

We paid employer contributions of $5.6 million into the Plan during the six months ended August 31, 2024. We expect to pay $2.2 million of contributions into the Plan during the remainder of fiscal 2025.

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

16. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal

The Company and its subsidiaries are named defendants and plaintiffs in various routine lawsuits incidental to our business. These proceedings include labor and employment claims, various commercial disputes, worker’s compensation and environmental matters, all arising in the normal course of business. As discovery progresses on all outstanding legal matters, the Company continues to evaluate opportunities to either mediate the case or settle the disputes for nuisance value or the cost of defense as a way to resolve the disputes prior to trial. As the pending cases progress through additional discovery and potential mediation, our assessment of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome on the pending lawsuits may change. Although the outcome of these lawsuits or other proceedings cannot be predicted with any certainty, and the amount of any potential liability that could arise with respect to such lawsuits or other matters cannot be predicted at this time, management, after consultation with legal counsel believes it has strong defenses to all of its legal matters and does not expect liabilities, if any, from these claims or proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In 2017, Southeast Texas Industries, Inc. (“STI”) filed a breach of contract lawsuit against the Company in the 1st District Court of Jasper County, Texas (the “Court”). In 2020, we filed a counter suit against STI for amounts due to AZZ for work performed. The parties unsuccessfully mediated the case in November 2021. On October 16, 2023, the case went to trial, and on October 27, 2023, the jury rendered a verdict in favor of STI and against AZZ Beaumont in the amount of $5.5 million in damages for breach of contract and breach of express warranty. A final judgment amount was entered by the Court on February 14, 2024, and we are still waiting on the trial transcript from the court reporter which is not expected to be made available to the parties until December 31, 2024. We believe we have strong grounds for an appeal, and will pursue all available appellate options. The appeal process is expected to take two years. As of August 31, 2024, we have recorded a legal accrual of $5.5 million, which is included in "Other accrued liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets, reflecting our best estimate of the probable loss. Our estimate of the probable loss may change throughout the appellate process. We have purchased a supersedeas bond to cover the final judgment amount throughout the duration of the appellate process.

A litigation matter between AZZ, as Plaintiff, and a previous customer of an affiliate of the AIS business, which was retained following the disposition of the AIS business, is scheduled to go to trial in fiscal 2026. As of August 31, 2024, we have a receivable due from the Defendant, net of allowance, of $5.2 million, which is included in "Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses" in the consolidated balance sheets. This receivable balance represents our best estimate of the amount we expect to collect, which may change following completion of the trial.

Prior to AZZ's acquisition of Precoat Metals on May 13, 2022, Precoat Metals sold its Armorel Arkansas facility to Nucor Coatings Corporation ("Nucor") via a purchase agreement dated October 27, 2020 ("2020 Agreement"). Nucor subsequently filed a lawsuit against Precoat Metals for indemnification for breach of environmental representations and warranties made in the 2020 Agreement. In the lawsuit, Nucor asserted that it has sustained certain damages resulting from Precoat Metal’s breach of its indemnification obligations that were set forth in the 2020 Agreement. The parties attended a mediation on March 18, 2024, and although the Company believed Nucor’s case was deficient and it had very strong defenses to the allegations asserted by Nucor, management determined that it was still in the best interest of the Company to settle all matters for the estimated cost of defense in an effort to retain and fortify its current commercial relationships with Nucor, who is both a customer and supplier to the Company. The parties mutually agreed to resolve all disputed matters for $5.25 million. The $5.25 million settlement amount was included in "Other accrued liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheet as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024. The settlement amount was paid by the Company to Nucor on September 9, 2024.

On July 29, 2024, Gainesville Associates, LLC (“Gainesville Associates”) filed a complaint (the “Complaint”) in the Circuit Court of Prince William County, Virginia against AZZ, Atlantic Research, LLC (“ARC”), Precoat Metals Corporation, and Chromalloy Corporation (collectively “Defendants”), asserting claims for breach of contract against ARC and unjust enrichment against all Defendants. The Complaint arises out of a lease, dated January 1, 1976, between Gainesville Associates as landlord and ARC as tenant (as subsequently amended in 1982, 2012, 2013 and 2017, the “Lease”) for property in Gainesville, Virginia (the “Property”). ARC ceased using the property in 2005 after which point ARC remained in the Lease to complete its obligations on the property pursuant to a consent decree entered into between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and ARC in 1992. ARC satisfied its obligations under the consent decree in 2018 (other than ongoing well water monitoring and testing) and terminated the Lease in 2019. In its Complaint, Gainesville Associates alleges that ARC breached certain provisions of the Lease. On September 3, 2024, Defendants removed the action to the United States District Court of the Eastern District of Virginia. On September 24, 2024, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Complaint in its entirety, arguing that the complaint failed to adequately allege any claim against any Defendant. Plaintiff has not yet filed its response to the Defendant’s motion to dismiss. Management disputes the merits of the allegations and will continue to pursue

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AZZ INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

dismissal of the action. As of August 31, 2024, we have not recognized a legal accrual on our consolidated balance sheets, as we do not currently have enough information available to generate a reliable estimate of a probable loss on this matter. As more information becomes available, we will continue to evaluate whether it is possible to disclose a range of potential losses in the future.

Environmental

As of August 31, 2024, the reserve balance for our environmental liabilities was $20.4 million, of which $2.8 million is classified as current. Environmental remediation liabilities include costs directly associated with site investigation and clean up, such as materials, external contractor costs, legal and consulting expenses and incremental internal costs directly related to ongoing remediation plans. Estimates used to record environmental remediation liabilities are based on the Company's best estimate of probable future costs based on site-specific facts and circumstances known at the time of the estimate and these estimates are updated on a quarterly basis. Estimates of the cost for the potential or ongoing remediation plans are developed using internal resources and third-party environmental engineers and consultants.

The Company accrues the anticipated cost of environmental remediation when the obligation is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If a range of amounts can be reasonably estimated and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, then the minimum of the range is accrued. While any revisions to the Company's environmental remediation liabilities could be material to the operating results of any fiscal quarter or fiscal year, the Company does not expect such additional remediation expenses to have an adverse material effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Capital Commitments—Greenfield Aluminum Coil Coating Facility

We are expanding our coatings capabilities by constructing a new 25-acre aluminum coil coating facility in Washington, Missouri that is expected to be operational in calendar year 2025 (the Company's fiscal year 2026). The new greenfield facility will be included in the AZZ Precoat Metals segment and is supported by a take-or-pay contract for approximately 75% of the output from the new plant. We expect to spend approximately $124.0 million in capital payments over the life of the project, of which $60.8 million was paid prior to fiscal 2025 and $35.6 million was paid during the six months ended August 31, 2024. The remaining balance of $27.6 million is to occur prior to the end of fiscal 2025, of which we have capital commitments of $17.4 million.

Commodity pricing

    As of August 31, 2024, we had non-cancelable forward contracts to purchase approximately $37.9 million of zinc at various volumes and prices between March 2024 and December 2024. We also had non-cancelable forward contracts to purchase approximately $9.3 million of natural gas at various volumes and prices between June 2024 and August 2025. All such contracts expire by the first quarter of fiscal 2026. We had no other contracted commitments for any other commodities including steel, aluminum, copper, zinc, nickel-based alloys, natural gas, except for those entered into under the normal course of business.

17. Subsequent Events

Debt repricing

On September 24, 2024, we completed our third repricing of the Term Loan B, for which $890.3 million was outstanding as of August 31, 2024 . The repricing reduced the margin from SOFR plus 3.25% to SOFR plus 2.50%, for a total reduction of 75 basis points.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements herein about our expectations of future events or results constitute forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may," "could," "should," "expects," "plans," "will," "might," "would," "projects," "currently," "intends," "outlook," "forecasts," "targets," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," "continue," or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Such forward-looking statements are based on currently available competitive, financial, and economic data and management’s views and assumptions regarding future events. Such forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain, and investors must recognize that actual results may differ from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and are subject to risks that could cause them to differ materially from actual results. Certain factors could affect the outcome of the matters described herein. This Quarterly Report may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, changes in customer demand for our manufactured solutions, including demand by the construction markets, the industrial markets, and the metal coatings markets. We could also experience additional increases in labor costs, components and raw materials including zinc and natural gas, which are used in our hot-dip galvanizing process, paint used in our coil coating process; supply-chain vendor delays; customer requested delays of our manufactured solutions; delays in additional acquisition opportunities; an increase in our debt leverage and/or interest rates on our debt, of which a significant portion is tied to variable interest rates; availability of experienced management and employees to implement AZZ’s growth strategy; a downturn in market conditions in any industry relating to the manufactured solutions that we provide; economic volatility, including a prolonged economic downturn or macroeconomic conditions such as inflation or changes in the political stability in the United States and other foreign markets in which we operate; acts of war or terrorism inside the United States or abroad; and other changes in economic and financial conditions. AZZ has provided additional information regarding risks associated with the business, including in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors, in AZZ's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2024 and other filings with the SEC, available for viewing on AZZ's website at www.azz.com and on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.

You are urged to consider these factors carefully when evaluating the forward-looking statements herein and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements, which are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. These statements are based on information as of the date hereof and AZZ assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with management’s discussion and analysis contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2024, and with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Business Operations Update

Our results for the six months ended August 31, 2024 (the "current six-month period"), were favorably impacted by the growth in demand for our manufactured solutions in the construction, utilities, and transportation industries, coupled with our value driven pricing strategy.

The demand for our manufactured solutions was the primary contributor to net income of $75.0 million for the six months ended August 31, 2024. Our operating results for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024, including operating results by segment, are described in the summary on the following page, and detailed descriptions can be found below under “Results of Operations.”

Our operations generated $119.4 million of cash for the current six-month period. The components of our liquidity and descriptions of our cash flows, capital investments, and other matters impacting our liquidity and capital resources can be found below under “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Outlook

While it is difficult to predict future North American economic activity and its impact on the demand for our galvanizing and coil coating solutions, as well the impact that political or regulatory developments may have on us, several factors are outlined below that may impact our results of operations during the third quarter of fiscal 2025.

30

•Sales prices in our AZZ Metal Coatings segment are expected to remain consistent with current levels. Fluctuations in category mix and material type mix, along with competitive market pressures, may impact selling price.

•Sales prices in our AZZ Precoat Metals segment are expected to remain consistent with current levels, although fluctuations in mix may impact the average selling price.

•Demand in our AZZ Metal Coatings and AZZ Precoat Metals segments is expected to follow our typical seasonal patterns.

•Customer inventories for our AZZ Metal Coatings segment remain consistent, which should support the continued demand for our metal coatings solutions.

•Customer inventories for our AZZ Precoat Metals segment remain at historical levels, which should support the continued demand for our coil coating solutions.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

We are a provider of hot-dip galvanizing and coil coating solutions to a broad range of end-markets, predominantly in North America. We operate three distinct business segments, the AZZ Metal Coatings segment, the AZZ Precoat Metals segment, and the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is divided by each of our segments, along with corporate costs and other costs not specifically identifiable to a segment. For a reconciliation of segment operating income to consolidated operating income, see Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements. Management believes that the most meaningful analysis of our results of operations is to analyze our performance by segment.  We use sales and operating income by segment to evaluate the performance of our segments.  Segment operating income consists of sales less cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses that are specifically identifiable to a segment.

31

QUARTER ENDED AUGUST 31, 2024 COMPARED TO THE QUARTER ENDED AUGUST 31, 2023

Segment Sales and Operating Income

The following tables contain operating segment data by segment, for the Company's corporate operations and on a consolidated basis (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	171,500	$	237,507	$	—	$	—	$	409,007
Cost of sales	118,193		187,300		—		—		305,493
Gross margin	53,307		50,207		—		—		103,514
Selling, general and administrative	5,619		7,677		9		22,563		35,868
Operating income (loss)	47,688		42,530		(9)		(22,563)		67,646
Interest expense	—		—		—		(21,909)		(21,909)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		1,478		—		1,478
Other (expense) income	(7)		—		—		424		417
Income (loss) before income tax	$	47,681	$	42,530	$	1,469	(44,048)		47,632
Income tax expense							12,213		12,213
Net income (loss)							$	(56,261)	$	35,419

See notes below.

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	169,837	$	228,705	$	—	$	—	$	398,542
Cost of sales	119,471		181,825		—		—		301,296
Gross margin	50,366		46,880		—		—		97,246
Selling, general and administrative	5,285		7,874		5,932		17,148		36,239
Operating income (loss)	45,081		39,006		(5,932)		(17,148)		61,007
Interest expense	—		—		—		(27,770)		(27,770)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		974		—		974
Other income	13		—		—		75		88
Income (loss) before income tax	$	45,094	$	39,006	$	(4,958)	(44,843)		34,299
Income tax expense							5,967		5,967
Net income (loss)							$	(50,810)	$	28,332

(1) Infrastructure Solutions segment includes our equity in earnings from our investment in the AVAIL JV as well as other expenses related to

receivables and liabilities that were retained following the sale of the AIS business.

(2) Interest expense and Income tax expense are included in the Corporate segment as these items are not allocated to the segments.

Sales

For the three months ended August 31, 2024 (the "current quarter"), consolidated sales increased $10.5 million, or 2.6%, compared to the three months ended August 31, 2023 (the "prior year quarter"). Sales for the AZZ Metal Coatings

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segment increased $1.7 million, or 1.0%, for the current quarter, compared to the prior year quarter. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $1.6 million resulting from a higher volume of steel processed and an increase of $1.0 million due to an increase in selling price, partially offset by a decrease in other sales of $1.1 million.

Sales for the AZZ Precoat Metals segment increased $8.8 million, or 3.8% for the current quarter. The increase is due to a higher volume of coil coated in the current quarter, compared to the prior year quarter, while the average price decreased slightly due to product mix.

Operating Income

For the current quarter, consolidated operating income was $67.6 million, an increase of $6.6 million, or 10.9%, compared to the prior year quarter.

Operating income for the AZZ Metal Coatings segment increased $2.6 million, or 5.8%, for the current quarter, compared to the prior year quarter. The increase was due to increased sales as described above, coupled with lower cost of sales. The decrease in cost of sales of $1.3 million was primarily due to a $3.9 million decrease in zinc cost, partially offset by a $2.7 million increase in overhead costs and a $0.2 million increase in labor costs.

Operating income for the AZZ Precoat Metals segment increased $3.5 million, or 9.0% for the current quarter. The increase is primarily due to increased sales as described above, offset by higher cost of sales. Cost of sales increased $5.5 million, primarily due to variable costs related to the increased volume of steel processed, partially offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in selling, general and administrative expense.

Operating income for the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment increased $5.9 million, due to a legal settlement of $5.75 million and legal expenses associated with the settlement in the prior year six-month period.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate selling, general and administrative expenses increased $5.4 million, or 31.6%, for the current quarter, compared to the prior year quarter. The increase was primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation related to the Company's employee stock purchase plan, due to the increase in AZZ's common stock price. In addition, salaries and wages increased due to retirement and other severance expense for certain executive management employees and transition services agreement fees associated with the AVAIL JV, which were received in the prior year quarter, with no comparable receipt in the current quarter.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the current quarter decreased $5.9 million, to $21.9 million, compared to $27.8 million for the prior year quarter. The decrease in interest expense is primarily attributable to a decrease in the weighted average debt outstanding of $99.4 million and a decrease in the weighted average interest rate of 1.03% in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter, coupled with higher capitalized interest of $1.2 million associated with the construction of the new plant in Washington, Missouri.

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Entities

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries for the current quarter increased $0.5 million, to $1.5 million, compared to $1.0 million in the prior year quarter. The increase is due to higher earnings from the AVAIL JV, primarily driven by AVAIL's enclosure business.

See Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for more information about the AVAIL JV.

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate of 25.6% for the three months ended August 31, 2024, compared to 17.4% for the three months ended August 31, 2023. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to favorable adjustments in the prior year related to uncertain tax positions.

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SIX MONTHS ENDED AUGUST 31, 2024 COMPARED TO THE SIX MONTHS ENDED AUGUST 31, 2023

Segment Sales and Operating Income

The following tables contain operating segment data by segment, for the Company's corporate operations and on a consolidated basis (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	348,152	$	474,063	$	—	$	—	$	822,215
Cost of sales	240,929		375,102		—		—		616,031
Gross margin	107,223		98,961		—		—		206,184
Selling, general and administrative	11,602		16,338		38		40,811		68,789
Operating income (loss)	95,621		82,623		(38)		(40,811)		137,395
Interest expense	—		—		—		(44,683)		(44,683)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		5,302		—		5,302
Other income	49		—		—		572		621
Income (loss) before income tax	$	95,670	$	82,623	$	5,264	(84,922)		98,635
Income tax expense							23,614		23,614
Net income (loss)							$	(108,536)	$	75,021

See notes below.

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals(4)		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	338,631	$	450,784	$	—	$	—	$	789,415
Cost of sales	237,328		357,822		—		—		595,150
Gross margin	101,303		92,962		—		—		194,265
Selling, general and administrative	10,751		16,266		5,954		34,791		67,762
Operating income (loss)	90,552		76,696		(5,954)		(34,791)		126,503
Interest expense	—		—		—		(56,476)		(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		2,394		—		2,394
Other income (expense)	(11)		—		—		61		50
Income (loss) before income tax	$	90,541	$	76,696	$	(3,560)	(91,206)		72,471
Income tax expense							15,617		15,617
Net income (loss)							$	(106,823)	$	56,854

(1) Infrastructure Solutions segment includes our equity in earnings from our investment in the AVAIL JV as well as other expenses related to

receivables and liabilities that were retained following the sale of the AIS business.

(2) Interest expense and Income tax expense are included in the Corporate segment as these items are not allocated to the segments.

Sales

For the current six-month period, consolidated sales increased $32.8 million, or 4.2%, compared to the six months ended August 31, 2023 (the "prior year six-month period").

Sales for the AZZ Metal Coatings segment increased $9.5 million, or 2.8%, for the current six-month period, compared to the prior year six-month period. The increase in sales was primarily due to an increase of $13.2 million resulting

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from a higher volume of steel processed during the period and an increase of $1.9 million due to an increase in selling price, partially offset by a decrease in other sales of $2.3 million.

Sales for the AZZ Precoat Metals segment increased $23.3 million, or 5.2% for the current six-month period, primarily due to a higher volume of coil coated, partially offset by a decrease in selling price.

Operating Income

For the current six-month period, consolidated operating income increased $10.9 million, or 8.6%, to $137.4 million, compared to the prior year six-month period.

Operating income for the AZZ Metal Coatings segment increased $5.1 million, or 5.6% for the current six-month period, compared to the prior year six-month period. The increase was due to improved sales as described above, partially offset by higher cost of sales and higher selling, general and administrative expenses. Cost of sales increased $3.6 million, primarily due to higher labor and overhead costs, partially offset by a decrease in zinc costs. Selling, general and administrative expense increased primarily due to an increase in compensation costs.

Operating income for the AZZ Precoat Metals segment increased $5.9 million, or 7.7%. The increase is primarily due to the increase in sales as described above, offset by higher cost of sales. Cost of sales increased $17.2 million, primarily due to variable costs related to the increased volume of steel processed.

Operating income for the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment increased $5.9 million, primarily due to a legal settlement of $5.75 million and legal expenses associated with the settlement in the prior year six-month period.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate selling, general and administrative expenses increased $6.0 million, or 17.3%, for the current six-month period, compared to the prior year six-month period. The increase was primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation related to the Company's employee stock purchase plan, due to the increase in AZZ's common stock price. In addition, salaries and wages increased due to the retirement and other severance expense for certain executive management employees and transition services agreement fees associated with the AVAIL JV, which were received in the prior year six-month period, with no comparable receipt in the current six-month period.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the current six-month period decreased $11.8 million, to $44.7 million, compared to $56.5 million for the prior year six-month period. The decrease in interest expense is primarily attributable to a decrease in the weighted average debt outstanding of $108.5 million and a decrease in the weighted average interest rate of 0.92% in the current six-month period compared to the prior year six-month period, coupled with higher capitalized interest of $2.4 million associated with the construction of the new plant in Washington, MO.

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Entities

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries for the current six-month period increased $2.9 million, to $5.3 million, compared to $2.4 million in the prior year six-month period. The increase is due to higher earnings from the AVAIL JV, primarily driven by AVAIL's enclosure business.

See Note 7 of our consolidated financial statements for more information about the AVAIL JV.

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate of 23.9% for the current six-month period, compared to 21.5% for the prior year six-month period. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to favorable adjustments for the prior year six-month period related to uncertain tax positions, partially offset by higher discrete items driven by tax deductions for stock compensation in fiscal year 2025.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

    We have historically met our cash needs through a combination of cash flows from operating activities along with equity from capital markets and from bank and bond market debt. Our cash requirements generally include quarterly cash dividend payments, capital improvements and debt repayment. We believe that our cash position, cash flows from operating activities, access to capital markets and our expectation of continuing availability to draw upon our credit facilities are sufficient to meet our cash flow needs for the foreseeable future.

As of August 31, 2024, our total liquidity of $312.9 million consisted of available capacity on our Revolving Credit Facility of $310.7 million and cash and cash equivalents of $2.2 million.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows by category for the periods presented (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024	2023
Net cash provided by operating activities	119,430	118,341
Net cash used in investing activities	(58,740)	(42,706)
Net cash used in financing activities	(62,750)	(76,380)

Net cash provided by operating activities for the current six-month period was $119.4 million, driven primarily by net income from continuing operations of $75.0 million, adjusted to exclude non-cash charges, net of non-cash income of $48.6 million, an increase in cash resulting from a reduction in working capital of $8.5 million, a decrease in cash resulting from changes in other long-term assets and liabilities, including deferred taxes, of $0.9 million and a cash distribution received on the investment in the AVAIL JV of $5.2 million. The increase in working capital is due primarily to increases in accounts payable, other accrued liabilities and income taxes payable, as well as a reduction in inventories; partially offset by increases in accounts receivable, other receivables, prepaid expenses and contract assets due to higher sales. Net cash provided by operating activities was used to fund $59.5 million of capital expenditures, make net payments on long-term debt and finance leases liabilities of $45.4 million, make dividend payments of $12.9 million and make payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards of $5.0 million. We also completed a secondary public offering of 4.6 million shares of our common stock, which provided cash, net of offering costs, of $310.2 million, which was used to redeem our 240,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for $308.9 million.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the prior year six-month period was $118.3 million, driven primarily by net income of $56.9 million, adjusted to exclude non-cash charges, net of non-cash income of $46.4 million and an increase in cash resulting from an decrease in working capital of $21.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in cash resulting from other long-term assets and liabilities, including deferred taxes, of $6.3 million. Net cash provided by operating activities was used to fund $42.7 million of capital expenditures, make net payments on long-term debt and finance leases liabilities of $60.2 million, make dividend payments of $15.7 million and make payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards of $0.8 million.

Financing and Capital

2022 Credit Agreement and Term Loan B

We have a credit agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions that was entered into on May 13, 2022, and was subsequently amended on August 17, 2023, December 20, 2023 and March 20, 2024 (collectively referred to herein as the "2022 Credit Agreement"). See below for information related to the repricing of the Company's Term Loan B on September 24, 2024.

The 2022 Credit Agreement includes the following significant terms:

i.provides for a senior secured initial term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $1.3 billion (the "Term Loan B"), due May 13, 2029, which is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company; as of August 31, 2024, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan B was $890.3 million;

ii.provides for a maximum senior secured Revolving Credit Facility in the aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), which matures on May 13, 2027;

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iii.includes a letter of credit sub-facility of up to $100.0 million, which is part of, and not in addition to, the Revolving Credit Facility;

iv.borrowings under the Term Loan B bear a tiered interest rate of Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus 3.25%, which is part of, and not in addition to, the Revolving Credit Facility;

v.borrowings under the Term Loan B bear a tiered interest rate of Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus 3.25% (following the repricing on March 20, 2024 as described below) and the Revolving Credit Facility bears a leverage-based rate with various tiers between 2.75% and 3.50%; as of August 31, 2024, the interest rate was SOFR plus 2.75%;

vi.includes customary affirmative and negative covenants, and events of default; including restrictions on the incurrence of non-ordinary course debt, investment and dividends, subject to various exceptions; and,

vii.includes a maximum quarterly leverage ratio financial covenant, with reporting requirements to our banking group at each quarter-end.

On March 20, 2024, we entered the term loan market and repriced our existing Term Loan B. The repricing reduced the Term Loan B spread from a rate of SOFR plus 3.75% to SOFR plus 3.25%.

On September 24, 2024, we completed our third repricing of the Term Loan B, for which $890.3 million was outstanding as of August 31, 2024 . The repricing reduced the margin from SOFR plus 3.25% to SOFR plus 2.50%, for a total reduction of 75 basis points.

We primarily utilize proceeds from the Revolving Credit Facility to finance working capital needs, capital improvements, quarterly cash dividends, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes.

As defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement, quarterly prepayments were due against the outstanding principal of the Term Loan B and were payable on the last business day of each May, August, November and February, beginning August 31, 2022, in a quarterly aggregate principal amount of $3.25 million, with the entire remaining principal amount due on May 13, 2029, the maturity date. Additional prepayments made against the Term Loan B contribute to these required quarterly payments. Due to prepayments made against the Term Loan B since August 31, 2022, the quarterly mandatory principal payment requirement has been met, and the quarterly payments of $3.25 million are no longer required.

The weighted average interest rate for our outstanding debt, including the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan B, was 8.03% and 8.56% for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Debt Compliance and Outstanding Borrowings

Our 2022 Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the loan agreement) no greater than 4.5. As of August 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants and other requirements set forth in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

As of August 31, 2024, we had $965.3 million of debt outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan B, with varying maturities through fiscal 2029. We had approximately $310.7 million of additional credit available as of August 31, 2024.

Letters of Credit

As of August 31, 2024, we had total outstanding letters of credit in the amount of $14.3 million. These letters of credit are most commonly issued in lieu of customer retention withholding payments covering warranty, performance periods and insurance collateral.

Interest Rate Swap

We manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates on our floating-rate debt by entering into interest rate swap agreements to convert a portion of our variable-rate debt to a fixed rate. On September 27, 2022, we entered into a fixed-rate interest rate swap agreement, which was subsequently amended on October 7, 2022 (the "2022 Swap"), with banks that are parties to the 2022 Credit Agreement, to change the SOFR-based component of the interest rate. The 2022 Swap converts the SOFR portion to 4.277%. On March 20, 2024, we repriced our Term Loan B to SOFR plus 3.25%, resulting in a total fixed rate of 7.527%. See "2022 Credit Agreement and Term Loan B" section above for information related to the repricing of the Company's Term Loan B on September 24, 2024. The 2022 Swap had an initial notional amount of $550.0 million and a maturity date of September 30, 2025. The notional amount of the interest rate swap decreases by a pro-rata portion of any

37

quarterly principal payments made on the Term Loan B, and the current notional amount is $539.0 million as of August 31, 2024. The objective of the 2022 Swap is to eliminate the variability of cash flows in interest payments attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates, for a portion of our variable-rate debt. The hedged risk is the interest rate risk exposure to changes in interest payments, attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates over the interest rate swap term. The changes in cash flows of the 2022 Swap exactly offset changes in cash flows of the variable-rate debt. We designated the 2022 Swap as a cash flow hedge at inception. Cash payments or receipts to settle the 2022 Swap are recognized in interest expense.

April 2024 Secondary Public Offering

On April 30, 2024, we completed a secondary public offering in which we sold 4.6 million shares of our common stock at $70.00 per share (the "April 2024 Secondary Public Offering"). We received gross proceeds of $322.0 million, and paid offering expenses of $13.3 million, for net proceeds of $308.7 million. The proceeds from the April 2024 Offering were used to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock.

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

On May 9, 2024, we fully redeemed our 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series A Preferred Stock") for $308.9 million. The payment was calculated as the face value of the Series A Preferred Stock of $240.0 million, multiplied by the Return Factor (as defined below) of 1.4, less dividends paid to date of $27.1 million. The redemption premium of $75.2 million, which was calculated as the difference between the redemption amount and the book value of $233.7 million, was recorded as a deemed dividend, and reduces net income available to common shareholders. The Series A Preferred Stock was redeemed using proceeds from the April 2024 Secondary Public Offering.

On August 5, 2022, we exchanged our $240.0 million 6.00% convertible subordinated notes due June 30, 2030 for 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Preferred Stock, following the receipt of shareholder approval for the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock had a $1.00 par value per share, and ranked senior to the common stock of the Company, including with respect to both income and capital, but junior to our indebtedness. The Series A Preferred Stock is classified as "Mezzanine equity" in the consolidated balance sheets and, as noted above, was fully redeemed on May 9, 2024.

Greenfield Aluminum Coil Coating Facility

We are expanding our coatings capabilities by constructing a new 25-acre aluminum coil coating facility in Washington, Missouri that is expected to be operational in calendar year 2025 (the Company's fiscal year 2026). The new greenfield facility will be included in the AZZ Precoat Metals segment and is supported by a take-or-pay contract for approximately 75% of the output from the new plant. We expect to spend approximately $124.0 million in capital payments over the life of the project, of which $60.8 million was paid prior to fiscal 2025 and $35.6 million was paid during the six months ended August 31, 2024. The remaining balance of $27.6 million is to occur prior to the end of fiscal 2025, of which we have capital commitments of $17.4 million. The remaining payments in fiscal 2025 are expected to be funded through cash flows from operations.

Share Repurchase Program

During the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, we did not repurchase shares of common stock under the 2020 Share Authorization. As of August 31, 2024, we had $53.2 million available under the 2020 Share Authorization that may be used to purchase shares in the future. See Part II, “Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.”

Other Exposures

We have exposure to commodity price increases in all three of our operating segments, primarily zinc and natural gas in the AZZ Metal Coatings segment, and natural gas, steel and aluminum in the AZZ Precoat Metals segment. We attempt to minimize these increases by entering into agreements with our zinc suppliers and such agreements generally include fixed premiums, and by entering into agreements with our natural gas suppliers to fix a portion of our purchase cost. In addition to these measures, we attempt to recover other cost increases through improvements to our manufacturing process, supply chain management, and through increases in prices to match inflationary increases where competitively feasible. We have indirect exposure to copper, aluminum, steel and nickel-based alloys in the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment through our 40% investment in the AVAIL JV.

As of August 31, 2024, we had non-cancelable forward contracts to purchase approximately $37.9 million of zinc at various volumes and prices between March 2024 and December 2024. We also had non-cancelable forward contracts to purchase approximately $9.3 million] of natural gas at various volumes and prices between June 2024 and August 2025. All such contracts expire by the first quarter of fiscal 2026. We had no other contracted commitments for any other commodities

38

including steel, aluminum, copper, zinc, nickel-based alloys, natural gas, except for those entered into under the normal course of business.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

As of August 31, 2024, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined under SEC rules. Specifically, there were no off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, obligations (including contingent obligations), or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons that have, or may have, a material effect on the financial condition, changes in financial condition, sales or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources of the Company.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make judgments, assumptions, and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes.

There were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 29, 2024.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes to our market risk disclosures during the three and six months ended August 31, 2024. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to our market risk disclosures set forth in Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 29, 2024.  

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934) are effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Gainesville Associates LLC v. Atlantic Research LLC et al (a legacy entity lawsuit that arose out of the Precoat acquisition, which is unrelated to our current operations or operating entities).

On July 29, 2024, Gainesville Associates, LLC (“Gainesville Associates”) filed a complaint (the “Complaint”) in the Circuit Court of Prince William County, Virginia against AZZ, Atlantic Research, LLC (“ARC”), Precoat Metals Corporation, and Chromalloy Corporation (collectively “Defendants”), asserting claims for breach of contract against ARC and unjust enrichment against all Defendants. The Complaint arises out of a lease, dated January 1, 1976, between Gainesville Associates as landlord and ARC as tenant (as subsequently amended in 1982, 2012, 2013 and 2017, the “Lease”) for property in Gainesville, Virginia (the “Property”). ARC ceased using the property in 2005 after which point ARC remained in the Lease to complete its obligations on the property pursuant to a consent decree entered into between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and ARC in 1992. ARC satisfied its obligations under the consent decree in 2018 (other than ongoing well water monitoring and testing) and terminated the Lease in 2019. In its Complaint, Gainesville Associates alleges that ARC breached certain provisions of the Lease. On September 3, 2024, Defendants removed the action to the United States District Court of the Eastern District of Virginia. On September 24, 2024, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Complaint in its entirety, arguing that the complaint failed to adequately allege any claim against any Defendant. Plaintiff has not yet filed its

39

response to the Defendant’s motion to dismiss. Management believes there is no merit to Plaintiff’s allegations and will continue to aggressively pursue dismissal of the action.

In addition to the foregoing, the Company and its subsidiaries are named defendants and plaintiffs in various routine lawsuits incidental to our business. These proceedings include labor and employment claims, various commercial disputes, worker’s compensation and environmental matters, all arising in the normal course of business. As discovery progresses on all outstanding legal matters, the Company continues to evaluate opportunities to either mediate the case or settle the disputes for nuisance value or the cost of defense as a way to resolve the disputes prior to trial. As the pending cases progress through additional discovery and potential mediation, our assessment of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome on the pending lawsuits may change. Although the outcome of these lawsuits or other proceedings cannot be predicted with any certainty, and the amount of any potential liability that could arise with respect to such lawsuits or other matters cannot be predicted at this time, management, after consultation with legal counsel believes it has strong defenses to all of its legal matters and does not expect liabilities, if any, from these claims or proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. For further discussion of the Company's legal proceedings, see Note 16 to the financial statements contained herein under Part 1. Item 1. Financial Statements.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There are numerous factors that affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, many of which are beyond our control. In addition to other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, careful consideration should be given to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in Part I and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II of our Annual Report, which contain descriptions of significant factors that might cause the actual results of operations in future periods to differ materially from those currently projected in the forward-looking statements contained therein.

There have been no material changes from risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. See the discussion of the Company’s risk factors under Part I, Item 1A. in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2024.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On November 10, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a $100 million share repurchase program pursuant to which the Company may repurchase its common stock (the "2020 Share Authorization"). Repurchases under the 2020 Share Authorization will be made through open market and/or private transactions, in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, and could include repurchases pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 trading plans, which allows stock repurchases when the Company might otherwise be precluded from doing so.

The Company did not purchase any shares of common stock under the 2020 Share Authorization during the six months ended August 31, 2024. As of August 31, 2024, we had $53.2 million remaining under the 2020 Share Authorization that may be used to repurchase outstanding shares of common stock in the future.

Item 5. Other Information.

During the three months ended August 31, 2024, none of our directors or executive officers adopted, modified or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits

2.1	Contribution and Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 23, 2022, by and between AZZ Inc., AIS investment Holdings LLC and Fernweh AIS Acquisition L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 27, 2022.)
3.1	Amended and Restated Bylaws dated April 24, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 25, 2023.)
3.2	Amended and Restated Certificate of Formation (with Certificate of Correction dated May 15, 2023) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 10, 2023.)
4.1	Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October 13, 2000.)
4.2	Indenture, dated as of May 13, 2022, by and between AZZ Inc. and UMB Bank, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 16, 2022.
10.1	Employment Agreement between AZZ Inc. and Jason Crawford, dated as of June 3, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 3, 2024.)
10.2	Employment Agreement between AZZ Inc. and Bryan Stovall, dated as of July 15, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 19, 2024.
10.3	Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2024, by and among AZZ Inc., the Guarantors, the Lenders, and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 24, 2024.)
31.1+	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2+	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1+	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2+	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS+	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Date File (embedded with the Inline XBRL document).

+ Indicates filed herewith.

41

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

			AZZ Inc. (Registrant)
Date:	October 9, 2024	By:	/s/ Jason Crawford
			Jason Crawford Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer

42

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification by Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)

I, Thomas E. Ferguson, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of AZZ Inc. for the period ended August 31, 2024 (the "Report");

2. Based on my knowledge, this Report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this Report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this Report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this Report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this Report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this Report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this Report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Dated:	October 9, 2024	/s/ Thomas E. Ferguson
		Thomas E. Ferguson
		President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certification by Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)

I, Jason Crawford, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of AZZ Inc. for the period ended August 31, 2024 (the "Report");

2. Based on my knowledge, this Report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this Report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this Report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this Report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this Report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this Report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this Report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Dated:	October 9, 2024	/s/ Jason Crawford
		Jason Crawford
		Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

The undersigned, Thomas E. Ferguson, has executed this certification in connection with the filing of AZZ Inc.’s (the "Company") Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended August 31, 2024 (the “Report”). The undersigned hereby certifies pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.to my knowledge the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated:	October 9, 2024	/s/ Thomas E. Ferguson
		Thomas E. Ferguson
		President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

The undersigned, Jason Crawford, has executed this certification in connection with the filing of AZZ Inc.’s (the "Company") Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended August 31, 2024 (the “Report”). The undersigned hereby certifies pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.to my knowledge the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated:	October 9, 2024	/s/ Jason Crawford
		Jason Crawford
		Chief Financial Officer

XML

Cover Page - shares	6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Oct. 04, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Aug. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-12777
Entity Registrant Name	AZZ Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	TX
Entity Tax Identification Number	75-0948250
Entity Address, Address Line One	One Museum Place, Suite 500
Entity Address, Address Line Two	3100 West 7th Street
Entity Address, City or Town	Fort Worth,
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	76107
City Area Code	817
Local Phone Number	810-0095
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Trading Symbol	AZZ
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		29,876,952
Entity Central Index Key	0000008947
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--02-28

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Sales	$ 409,007	$ 398,542	$ 822,215	$ 789,415
Costs and Expenses
Cost of sales	305,493	301,296	616,031	595,150
Gross margin	103,514	97,246	206,184	194,265
Selling, general and administrative	35,868	36,239	68,789	67,762
Operating income	67,646	61,007	137,395	126,503
Interest expense	(21,909)	(27,770)	(44,683)	(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	1,478	974	5,302	2,394
Other (income) expense, net	417	88	621	50
Income from continuing operations before income taxes	47,632	34,299	98,635	72,471
Income tax expense	12,213	5,967	23,614	15,617
Net income (loss)	35,419	28,332	75,021	56,854
Dividends on preferred stock	0	(3,600)	(1,200)	(7,200)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	0	0	(75,198)	0
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$ 35,419	$ 24,732	$ (1,377)	$ 49,654
Basic earnings (loss) per share
Basic earnings per common share (usd per share)	$ 1.19	$ 0.99	$ (0.05)	$ 1.99
Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share [Abstract]
Diluted earnings per common share (usd per share)	$ 1.18	$ 0.97	$ (0.05)	$ 1.95
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding Reconciliation [Abstract]
Weighted average number common shares, basic (shares)	29,852,000	25,054,000	28,294,000	24,997,000
Weighted average number common shares, diluted (shares)	30,057,000	29,210,000	28,294,000	29,196,000
Cash dividends declared per common share (usd per share)	$ 0.17	$ 0.17	$ 0.34	$ 0.34

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
		Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders		$ 35,419	$ 24,732	$ (1,377)	$ 49,654
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Unrealized translation gain		864	18	439	38
Unrealized translation gain for unconsolidated subsidiary, net of tax	[1]	(531)	(2,885)	(531)	(1,774)
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax	[2]	(3,062)	5,254	(842)	1,869
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings, net of tax	[3]	(1,113)	(939)	(2,214)	(1,487)
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax for unconsolidated subsidiary	[4]	6	278	147	113
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(3,836)	1,726	(3,001)	(1,241)
Comprehensive income (loss)		$ 31,583	$ 26,458	$ (4,378)	$ 48,413

[1] (1) Unrealized translation loss for unconsolidated subsidiary is related to our unconsolidated investment in the AVAIL JV and represents our 40% interest     in this amount. Net of tax benefit of $(210) for both the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and $0 for both the three and six months ended     August 31, 2023.

[2] (2) Net of tax expense (benefit) of ($967) and $1,908 for the three months ended August 31,2024 and 2023, respectively. Net of tax expense (benefit) of     ($342) and $679 for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

[3] (3) Net of tax benefit of ($351) and ($341) for the three months ended August 31,2024 and 2023, respectively. Net of tax benefit of $(699) and $(540)      for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. See Note 8.

[4] (4) Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax for unconsolidated subsidiary is related to our unconsolidated investment in the     AVAIL JV and represents our 40% interest in this amount. Net of tax expense of $2 and $101 for the three months ended August 31,2024 and 2023,     respectively. Net of tax expense of $46 and $41 for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, tax	$ (967)	$ 1,908	$ (342)	$ 679
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings, tax	(351)	(341)	(699)	(540)
Interest rate swap, unconsolidated subsidiary, tax	$ 2	$ 101	$ 46	$ 41
AIS Joint Venture
Ownership percentage of investment	40.00%		40.00%
Foreign currency translation adjustments, tax	$ (210)		$ (210)

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 2,152	$ 4,349
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $(2,128) and $(2,347) at August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively	153,108	142,246
Other receivables	22,804	15,599
Inventories	115,249	117,656
Contract assets	93,983	79,335
Prepaid expenses and other	13,860	7,814
Total current assets	401,156	366,999
Property, plant and equipment, net	569,732	541,652
Right-of-use assets	22,053	23,739
Goodwill	705,724	705,468
Deferred tax assets	5,616	5,606
Intangible assets, net	433,929	445,435
Other assets	4,352	8,437
Total assets	2,240,330	2,195,505
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	108,699	88,001
Income tax payable	1,919	172
Accrued salaries and wages	24,947	30,823
Other accrued liabilities	74,991	68,651
Lease liability, short-term	6,574	6,659
Total current liabilities	217,130	194,306
Long-term debt, net	912,572	952,742
Lease liability, long-term	16,263	17,827
Deferred tax liabilities	42,261	38,567
Other long-term liabilities	52,348	57,572
Total liabilities	1,240,574	1,261,014
Commitments and contingencies (Note 22)
Mezzanine equity:
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $1,000 par, shares authorized 100,000; 240 shares issued and outstanding February 29, 2024; aggregate liquidation preference $312,520 at February 29, 2024	0	233,722
Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock, $1 par value; 100,000 shares authorized; 29,877 and 25,102 shares issued and outstanding at August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023, respectively	29,877	25,102
Capital in excess of par value	411,263	103,330
Retained earnings	565,511	576,231
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(6,895)	(3,894)
Total shareholders’ equity	999,756	700,769
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity	2,240,330	2,195,505
AIS Joint Venture
Current assets:
Investment in joint venture	$ 97,768	$ 98,169

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts	$ (2,128)	$ (2,347)
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)		$ 1,000
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)		100,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)		240,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)		240,000
Liquidation preference		$ 312,520
Common stock, par value (usd per share)	$ 1	$ 1
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares, issued (shares)	29,877,000	25,102,000
Common stock, shares, outstanding (shares)	29,877,000	25,102,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$ (1,377)	$ 49,654
Dividends on preferred stock	1,200	7,200
Plus: Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	75,198	0
Net income from continuing operations	75,021	56,854
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Bad debt expense	1	79
Depreciation and amortization	40,750	38,677
Deferred income taxes	4,881	(2,656)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities	(5,302)	(2,394)
Distribution on investment in AVAIL joint venture	5,155	0
Net gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(487)	(13)
Amortization of debt financing costs	6,219	6,062
Share-based compensation expense	7,448	4,019
Changes in current assets and current liabilities	(8,493)	21,385
Changes in other long-term assets and long-term liabilities	(5,763)	(3,672)
Net cash provided by operating activities	119,430	118,341
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(59,501)	(42,726)
Other investing activities	761	20
Net cash used in investing activities	(58,740)	(42,706)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	310,237	1,464
Redemption of Series A Preferred Stock	(308,920)	0
Tax payments related to net share settlement of equity awards	(4,977)	(791)
Proceeds from Revolving Credit Facility	193,000	142,000
Payments on Revolving Credit Facility	(148,000)	(202,000)
Payments of debt financing costs	(715)	(1,203)
Payments on long term debt and finance lease liabilities	(90,432)	(162)
Payments of dividends	(12,943)	(15,688)
Net cash used in financing activities	(62,750)	(76,380)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(137)	33
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(2,197)	(712)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	4,349	2,820
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 2,152	$ 2,108

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance, beginning balance (shares) at Feb. 28, 2023		24,912
Balance, beginning balance at Feb. 28, 2023	$ 619,738	$ 24,912	$ 93,357	$ 506,042	$ (4,573)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	4,019		4,019
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related income tax expense (shares)		123
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	(791)	$ 123	(914)
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan (shares)		42
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	1,464	$ 42	1,422
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	(7,200)			(7,200)
Cash dividends paid on common shares	(8,488)			(8,488)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	0
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	56,854			56,854
Other comprehensive loss	(1,241)				(1,241)
Balance, ending balance (shares) at Aug. 31, 2023		25,077
Balance, ending balance at Aug. 31, 2023	664,355	$ 25,077	97,884	547,208	(5,814)
Balance, beginning balance (shares) at May. 31, 2023		25,013
Balance, beginning balance at May. 31, 2023	637,651	$ 25,013	93,449	526,729	(7,540)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	2,115		2,115
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related income tax expense (shares)		22
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	920	$ 22	898
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan (shares)		42
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	1,464	$ 42	1,422
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	(3,600)			(3,600)
Cash dividends paid on common shares	(4,253)			(4,253)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	0
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	28,332			28,332
Other comprehensive loss	1,726				1,726
Balance, ending balance (shares) at Aug. 31, 2023		25,077
Balance, ending balance at Aug. 31, 2023	664,355	$ 25,077	97,884	547,208	(5,814)
Balance, beginning balance (shares) at Feb. 29, 2024		25,102
Balance, beginning balance at Feb. 29, 2024	700,769	$ 25,102	103,330	576,231	(3,894)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	7,438		7,438
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related income tax expense (shares)		132
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	(4,967)	$ 132	(5,099)
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan (shares)		43
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	1,569	$ 43	1,526
Secondary public offering and issuance of additional common stock (in shares)		4,600
Secondary public offering and issuance of additional common stock	308,668	$ 4,600	304,068
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	(1,200)			(1,200)
Cash dividends paid on common shares	(9,343)			(9,343)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	(75,198)			(75,198)
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	75,021			75,021
Other comprehensive loss	(3,001)				(3,001)
Balance, ending balance (shares) at Aug. 31, 2024		29,877
Balance, ending balance at Aug. 31, 2024	999,756	$ 29,877	411,263	565,511	(6,895)
Balance, beginning balance (shares) at May. 31, 2024		29,814
Balance, beginning balance at May. 31, 2024	967,232	$ 29,814	405,309	535,168	(3,059)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	4,903		4,903
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related income tax expense (shares)		20
Common stock issued under stock-based plans and related tax expense	(400)	$ 20	(420)
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan (shares)		43
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	1,569	$ 43	1,526
Secondary public offering and issuance of additional common stock (in shares)		0
Secondary public offering and issuance of additional common stock	(55)	$ 0	(55)
Cash dividends paid on common shares	(5,076)			(5,076)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	0
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	35,419			35,419
Other comprehensive loss	(3,836)				(3,836)
Balance, ending balance (shares) at Aug. 31, 2024		29,877
Balance, ending balance at Aug. 31, 2024	$ 999,756	$ 29,877	$ 411,263	$ 565,511	$ (6,895)

XML

The Company and Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

The Company and Basis of Presentation

1. The Company and Basis of Presentation

AZZ Inc. ("AZZ", the "Company", "our" or "we") was established in 1956 and incorporated under the laws of the state of Texas. We are a provider of hot-dip galvanizing and coil coating solutions to a broad range of end-markets in North America. We have three distinct operating segments: the AZZ Metal Coatings segment, the AZZ Precoat Metals segment, and the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. Our AZZ Metal Coatings segment is a leading provider of metal finishing solutions for corrosion protection, including hot-dip galvanizing, spin galvanizing, powder coating, anodizing and plating to the North American steel fabrication industry and other industries. The AZZ Precoat Metals segment provides aesthetic and corrosion protective coatings and related value-added services for steel and aluminum coil, primarily serving the construction; appliance; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC); container; transportation and other end markets in North America. The AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment represents our 40% non-controlling interest in AIS Investment Holdings LLC (the "AVAIL JV"). AIS Investment Holdings LLC is primarily dedicated to delivering safe and reliable transmission of power from generation sources to end customers, and automated weld overlay solutions for corrosion and erosion mitigation to critical infrastructure in markets worldwide.

Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of February 29, 2024 was derived from audited financial statements. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2024, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K covering such period which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on April 22, 2024.  Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Our fiscal year ends on the last day of February and is identified as the fiscal year for the calendar year in which it ends. For example, the fiscal year ending February 28, 2025 is referred to as fiscal 2025.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of August 31, 2024, the results of its operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023. The interim results reported herein are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures ("ASU 2023-09"), which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The update will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. We expect to adopt ASU 2023-09 for the annual period ending February 28, 2025 and the adoption will not affect our financial position or our results of operations, but will result in additional disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"), which expands disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and requires more enhanced information about a reportable segment’s expenses, interim segment profit or loss, and how a public entity’s chief operating decision maker uses reported segment profit or loss information in assessing segment performance and allocating resources. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to affect our financial position or our results of operations, but will result in additional disclosures for our annual reporting period ending February 28, 2025 and interim reporting periods in fiscal 2026.

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Inventories

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

2. Inventories

The following table summarizes the components of inventory (in thousands):

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Raw material	$	111,728	$	111,674
Work in process	552		898
Finished goods	2,969		5,084
Total inventories	$	115,249	$	117,656

Our inventory reserves were $3.5 million and $4.5 million as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively. Inventory cost is determined principally using the first-in-first-out (FIFO) method for the AZZ Metal Coatings segment and the specific identification method for the Precoat Metals segment.

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Earnings Per Share

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

3. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by giving effect to the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised and converted into common shares during the year.

On April 30, 2024, we completed a secondary public offering in which we issued 4.6 million common shares. The weighted average number of shares for the period outstanding for the six months ended August 31, 2024 are included in weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share. See Note 14. As of August 31, 2024, there were 29.9 million common shares outstanding, which includes the shares from the secondary public offering.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	35,419	$	28,332	$	75,021	$	56,854
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	—		(3,600)		(1,200)		(7,200)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	—		—		(75,198)		—
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	35,419	$	24,732	$	(1,377)	$	49,654
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	—		3,600		—		7,200
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	35,419	$	28,332	$	(1,377)	$	56,854
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	29,852		25,054		28,294		24,997
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee and director stock awards	205		39		—		82
Series A Preferred Stock	—		4,117		—		4,117
Denominator for diluted earnings per share	30,057		29,210		28,294		29,196
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.19	$	0.99	$	(0.05)	$	1.99
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.18	$	0.97	$	(0.05)	$	1.95

    

For the three months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, there were 76,068 and 126,882 shares, respectively, related to employee equity awards that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, 70,455 and 125,793 shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the six months ended August 31, 2024, all shares related to the Series A Preferred Stock (1.6 million weighted average shares) were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. These shares could be dilutive in future periods.

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Disaggregated Sales

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Revenues [Abstract]

Disaggregated Sales

4. Disaggregated Sales

The following table presents disaggregated sales by customer industry (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sales:
Construction	$	233,196	$	216,807	$	461,691	$	422,337
Industrial	36,691		42,245		76,767		82,889
Transportation	36,550		35,869		74,913		72,626
Consumer	31,408		34,673		65,169		70,258
Utilities	30,731		25,905		59,346		51,312
Other (1)	40,431		43,043		84,329		89,993
Total Sales	$	409,007	$	398,542	$	822,215	$	789,415
(1) Other includes less significant markets, such as agriculture, recreation, petro-chem, AZZ Tubular products and sales from recycling.

See also Note 6 for sales information by operating segment.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in accounts receivable, contract assets (unbilled receivables), and contract liabilities (customer advances and deposits) on the consolidated balance sheets. Our contract assets and contract liabilities are primarily related to the AZZ Precoat Metals segment. Customer billing can occur subsequent to revenue recognition, resulting in contract assets. In addition, we can receive advances from our customers, before revenue is recognized, resulting in contract liabilities. These assets and liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheets on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

The increases or decreases in contract assets and contract liabilities during the six months ended August 31, 2024 were primarily due to normal timing differences between AZZ's performance and customer payments. As of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, the balance for contract assets was $94.0 million and $79.3 million, respectively, primarily related to the AZZ Precoat Metals segment. The increase was primarily due to the timing differences noted above, as well as the increase in the volume of coil coated for the six months ended August 31, 2024. Contract liabilities of $0.7 million and $1.0 million as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively, are included in "Other accrued liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.

As of August 31, 2023 and February 28, 2023, the balance for contract assets was $76.8 million and $79.3 million, respectively, primarily related to the AZZ Precoat Metals segment. Contract liabilities were $1.1 million and $1.3 million as of August 31, 2023 and February 28, 2023, respectively.

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

5. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

To arrive at net cash provided by operating activities, net income is adjusted by, among other things, changes in current assets and current liabilities as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Decrease (increase) in current assets:
Accounts receivable, net	$	(10,813)	$	(13,711)
Other receivables	(7,186)		13,101
Inventories	2,454		7,460
Contract assets	(14,648)		57
Prepaid expenses and other	(6,041)		(2,544)
Increase (decrease) in current liabilities:
Accounts payable	23,269		15,037
Income taxes payable	1,747		(226)
Accrued expenses	2,725		2,211
Changes in current assets and current liabilities	$	(8,493)	$	21,385

Cash flows related to interest and income taxes were as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for interest	$	41,227	$	51,539
Cash paid for income taxes	13,703		12,930

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities were as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Accrued dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	$	—	$	2,400
Accruals for capital expenditures	5,379		5,579

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Operating Segments

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Operating Segments

6. Operating Segments

Segment Information

Our Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), reviews financial information presented on an operating segment basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. Sales and operating income are the primary measures used by the CODM to evaluate segment operating performance and to allocate resources to the AZZ Metal Coatings and the AZZ Precoat Metals segments, and net income is the primary measure used by the CODM to evaluate performance and allocate resources to the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. Expenses related to certain centralized administration or executive functions that are not specifically related to an operating segment are included in Corporate.

A summary of each of our operating segments is as follows:

AZZ Metal Coatings — provides hot-dip galvanizing, spin galvanizing, powder coating, anodizing and plating, and other metal coating applications to the steel fabrication industry and other industries through facilities located throughout North America. Hot-dip galvanizing is a metallurgical manufacturing process in which molten zinc reacts with steel, which provides corrosion protection and extends the lifecycle of fabricated steel for several decades.

AZZ Precoat Metals — provides coil coating application of protective and decorative coatings and related value-added downstream processing for steel and aluminum coils. Primarily serving the construction, appliance, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), container, transportation, and other end markets, the coil coating process emphasizes sustainability and enhanced product lifecycles. It involves cleaning, treating, painting, and curing metal coils as a flat material before they are cut, formed, and fabricated into finished products. This highly efficient method optimizes waste through tight film control and improves final product performance by painting and curing the substrates under conditions unmatched by other application processes.

AZZ Infrastructure Solutions — consists of the equity in earnings of our 40% investment in the AVAIL JV, as well as other expenses directly related to AIS receivables and liabilities that were retained following the divestiture of the AIS business. The AVAIL JV is a global provider of application-critical equipment, highly engineered technologies, and specialized services to the power generation, transmission, distribution, oil and gas, and industrial markets.

The following tables contain operating segment data for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 by segment, for the Company's corporate operations and on a consolidated basis (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	171,500	$	237,507	$	—	$	—	$	409,007
Cost of sales	118,193		187,300		—		—		305,493
Gross margin	53,307		50,207		—		—		103,514
Selling, general and administrative	5,619		7,677		9		22,563		35,868
Operating income (loss)	47,688		42,530		(9)		(22,563)		67,646
Interest expense	—		—		—		(21,909)		(21,909)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		1,478		—		1,478
Other (expense) income	(7)		—		—		424		417
Income (loss) before income tax	$	47,681	$	42,530	$	1,469	(44,048)		47,632
Income tax expense							12,213		12,213
Net income (loss)							$	(56,261)	$	35,419

See notes below tables.

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	348,152	$	474,063	$	—	$	—	$	822,215
Cost of sales	240,929		375,102		—		—		616,031
Gross margin	107,223		98,961		—		—		206,184
Selling, general and administrative	11,602		16,338		38		40,811		68,789
Operating income (loss)	95,621		82,623		(38)		(40,811)		137,395
Interest expense	—		—		—		(44,683)		(44,683)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		5,302		—		5,302
Other income	49		—		—		572		621
Income (loss) before income tax	$	95,670	$	82,623	$	5,264	(84,922)		98,635
Income tax expense							23,614		23,614
Net income (loss)							$	(108,536)	$	75,021

See notes below tables.

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	169,837	$	228,705	$	—	$	—	$	398,542
Cost of sales	119,471		181,825		—		—		301,296
Gross margin	50,366		46,880		—		—		97,246
Selling, general and administrative	5,285		7,874		5,932		17,148		36,239
Operating income (loss)	45,081		39,006		(5,932)		(17,148)		61,007
Interest expense	—		—		—		(27,770)		(27,770)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		974		—		974
Other income	13		—		—		75		88
Income (loss) before income tax	$	45,094	$	39,006	$	(4,958)	(44,843)		34,299
Income tax expense							5,967		5,967
Net income (loss)							$	(50,810)	$	28,332

See notes below tables.

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals(4)		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	338,631	$	450,784	$	—	$	—	$	789,415
Cost of sales	237,328		357,822		—		—		595,150
Gross margin	101,303		92,962		—		—		194,265
Selling, general and administrative	10,751		16,266		5,954		34,791		67,762
Operating income (loss)	90,552		76,696		(5,954)		(34,791)		126,503
Interest expense	—		—		—		(56,476)		(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		2,394		—		2,394
Other income (expense)	(11)		—		—		61		50
Income (loss) before income tax	$	90,541	$	76,696	$	(3,560)	(91,206)		72,471
Income tax expense							15,617		15,617
Net income (loss)							$	(106,823)	$	56,854

(1) Infrastructure Solutions segment includes the equity in earnings from our investment in the AVAIL JV as well as other expenses related to

receivables and liabilities that were retained following the sale of the AIS business.

(2) Interest expense and Income tax expense are included in the Corporate segment as these items are not allocated to the segments.

Asset balances by operating segment for each period were as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Assets:
Metal Coatings	$	550,394	$	553,505
Precoat Metals	1,557,895		1,500,122
Infrastructure Solutions - Investment in Joint Venture	97,768		98,169
Corporate	34,273		43,709
Total assets	$	2,240,330	$	2,195,505

Financial Information About Geographical Areas

Financial information about geographical areas for the periods presented was as follows (in thousands). The geographic area is based on the location of the operating facility and no customer accounted for 10 percent or more of consolidated sales.

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sales:
United States	$	398,658	$	388,538	$	801,709	$	769,860
Canada	10,349		10,004		20,506		19,555
Total	$	409,007	$	398,542	$	822,215	$	789,415

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Property, plant and equipment, net:
United States	$	550,761	$	522,693
Canada	18,971		18,959
Total	$	569,732	$	541,652

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Investments in Unconsolidated Entity

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Investments in Unconsolidated Entity

7. Investments in Unconsolidated Entity

AVAIL JV

We account for our 40% interest in the AVAIL JV under the equity method of accounting and include our equity in earnings as part of the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. We record our equity in earnings in the AVAIL JV on a one-month lag, and we recorded $5.3 million in equity in earnings for the six months ended August 31, 2024. As of August 31, 2024, our investment in the AVAIL JV was $97.8 million, which includes an excess of $10.2 million over the underlying value of the net assets of the AVAIL JV. The excess is accounted for as equity method goodwill.

Summarized Balance Sheet
	As of
	August 31, 2024(1)
Current assets	$	281,937
Long-term assets	177,926
Total assets	$	459,863
Current liabilities	139,333
Long-term liabilities	124,359
Total liabilities	$	263,692
Total partners' capital	196,171
Total liabilities and partners' capital	$	459,863

Summarized Operating Data
	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	August 31, 2024(1)		August 31, 2024(1)
Sales	$	119,584	$	249,300
Gross profit	27,569		59,086
Net income	2,780		10,955
(1) We report our equity in earnings on a one-month lag basis; therefore, amounts in the summarized financials above are as of and for the     three and six months ended July 31, 2024. Amounts in the table above exclude certain adjustments made by us to record equity in     earnings of the AVAIL JV under U.S GAAP for public companies, primarily to reverse the amortization of goodwill.

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Derivative Instruments

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments

8. Derivative Instruments

Interest Rate Swap Derivative

As a policy, we do not hold, issue or trade derivative instruments for speculative purposes. We periodically enter into forward sale contracts to purchase a specified volume of zinc and natural gas at fixed prices. These contracts are not accounted for as derivatives because they meet the criteria for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 815, Derivatives and Hedging.

We manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates on our floating-rate debt by entering into interest rate swap agreements to convert a portion of our variable-rate debt to a fixed rate. On September 27, 2022, we entered into a fixed-rate interest rate swap agreement, which was subsequently amended on October 7, 2022 (the "2022 Swap"), with banks that are parties to the 2022 Credit Agreement, to change the SOFR-based component of the interest rate. The 2022 Swap converts the SOFR portion to 4.277%. On March 20, 2024, we repriced our Term Loan B to SOFR plus 3.25%, resulting in a total fixed rate of 7.527%. See Note 17 for information related to the repricing of the Company's Term Loan B on September 24, 2024. The 2022 Swap had an initial notional amount of $550.0 million and a maturity date of September 30, 2025. The notional amount of the interest rate swap decreases by a pro-rata portion of any quarterly principal payments made on the Term Loan B, and the current notional amount is $539.0 million as of August 31, 2024. The objective of the 2022 Swap is to eliminate the variability of cash flows in interest payments attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates, for a portion of our variable-rate debt. The hedged risk is the interest rate risk exposure to changes in interest payments, attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates over the interest rate swap term. The changes in cash flows of the 2022 Swap exactly offset changes in cash flows of the variable-rate debt. We designated the 2022 Swap as a cash flow hedge at inception. Cash payments or receipts to settle the 2022 Swap are recognized in interest expense.

At August 31, 2024, changes in fair value attributable to the effective portion of the 2022 Swap were included on the condensed consolidated balance sheets in accumulated other comprehensive income. For derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting treatment, the fair value is recognized on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as derivative assets or liabilities with offsetting changes in fair value, to the extent effective, recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income

until reclassified into earnings when the interest expense on the underlying debt is reflected in earnings. The portion of a cash flow hedge that does not offset the change in the fair value of the transaction being hedged, which is commonly referred to as the ineffective portion, is immediately recognized in earnings. During the six months ended August 31, 2024, we reclassified $2.9 million before income tax, or $2.2 million net of tax, from other comprehensive income to earnings.

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Debt

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

9. Debt

Our long-term debt instruments and balances outstanding for each of the periods presented (in thousands):

 

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Revolving Credit Facility	$	75,000	$	30,000
Term Loan B	890,250		980,250
Total debt, gross	965,250		1,010,250
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(52,678)		(57,508)
Long-term debt, net	$	912,572	$	952,742

2022 Credit Agreement and Term Loan B

We have a credit agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions that was entered into on May 13, 2022, and was subsequently amended on August 17, 2023, December 20, 2023 and March 20, 2024 (collectively referred to herein as the "2022 Credit Agreement"). See Note 17 for information related to the repricing of the Company's Term Loan B on September 24, 2024.

The 2022 Credit Agreement includes the following significant terms:

i.provides for a senior secured initial term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $1.3 billion (the "Term Loan B"), due May 13, 2029, which is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company; as of August 31, 2024, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan B was $890.3 million;

ii.provides for a maximum senior secured Revolving Credit Facility in the aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), which matures on May 13, 2027;

iii.includes a letter of credit sub-facility of up to $100.0 million, which is part of, and not in addition to, the Revolving Credit Facility;

iv.borrowings under the Term Loan B bear a tiered interest rate of Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus 3.25% (following the repricing on March 20, 2024 as described below) and the Revolving Credit Facility bears a leverage-based rate with various tiers between 2.75% and 3.50%; as of August 31, 2024, the interest rate was SOFR plus 2.75%;

v.includes customary affirmative and negative covenants, and events of default; including restrictions on the incurrence of non-ordinary course debt, investment and dividends, subject to various exceptions; and,

vi.includes a maximum quarterly leverage ratio financial covenant, with reporting requirements to our banking group at each quarter-end.

On March 20, 2024, we entered the term loan market and repriced our existing Term Loan B. The repricing reduced the Term Loan B spread from a rate of SOFR plus 3.75% to SOFR plus 3.25%.

On September 24, 2024, we completed our third repricing of the Term Loan B, for which $890.3 million was outstanding as of August 31, 2024. The repricing reduced the margin from SOFR plus 3.25% to SOFR plus 2.50%, for a total reduction of 75 basis points.

We primarily utilize proceeds from the Revolving Credit Facility to finance working capital needs, capital improvements, quarterly cash dividends, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes.

As defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement, quarterly prepayments were due against the outstanding principal of the Term Loan B and were payable on the last business day of each May, August, November and February, beginning August 31, 2022, in a quarterly aggregate principal amount of $3.25 million, with the entire remaining principal amount due on May 13, 2029, the maturity date. Additional prepayments made against the Term Loan B contribute to these required quarterly payments. Due to prepayments made against the Term Loan B since August 31, 2022, the quarterly mandatory principal payment requirement has been met, and the quarterly payments of $3.25 million are no longer required.

The weighted average interest rate for our outstanding debt, including the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan B, was 8.03% and 8.56% for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Debt Compliance, Outstanding Borrowings and Letters of Credit

Our 2022 Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the loan agreement) no greater than 4.5. As of August 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants and other requirements set forth in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

As of August 31, 2024, we had $965.3 million of debt outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan B, with varying maturities through fiscal 2029. We had approximately $310.7 million of additional credit available as of August 31, 2024.

As of August 31, 2024, we had total outstanding letters of credit in the amount of $14.3 million. These letters of credit are most commonly issued in lieu of customer retention withholding payments covering warranty, performance periods and insurance collateral.

Other Disclosures

Interest expense is comprised as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Gross Interest expense	$	23,621	$	28,298	$	47,827	$	57,260
Less: Capitalized interest	(1,712)		(528)		(3,144)		(784)
Interest expense, net	$	21,909	$	27,770	$	44,683	$	56,476

Capitalized interest for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 relates to interest cost on the construction of the greenfield aluminum coil coating facility in Washington, Missouri. The increase for the six months ended August 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period was due to the higher average construction work in process.

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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

10. Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820"), certain of our assets and liabilities, which are carried at fair value, are classified in one of the following three categories:

•Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2: Observable market-based inputs, other than Level 1, or unobservable inputs corroborated by market data.

•Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data and reflect the Company’s own assumptions.

The carrying amount of our financial instruments (cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities) approximates the fair value of these instruments based upon either their short-term nature or their variable market rate of interest. We have not made an option to elect fair value accounting for any of our financial instruments.

Interest Rate Swap Agreement

Our derivative instrument consists of the 2022 Swap, which is considered a Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and included in "Other long-term liabilities" in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of August 31, 2024 and in "Other assets" as of February 29, 2024. The valuation of the 2022 Swap is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of the derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including swap rates, spread and/or index levels and interest rate curves. See Note 8 for more information about the 2022 Swap.

Our financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024 are as follows (dollars in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements Using								Fair Value Measurements Using
	Carrying Value						Assets measured		Carrying Value						Assets measured
	August 31, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		at Net Asset Value		February 29, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		at Net Asset Value
Assets:
Interest Rate Swap Agreement(1)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3,410	$	—	$	3,410	$	—
Total Assets	$	—							$	3,410
Liabilities:
Interest Rate Swap Agreement(1)	687		—		687		—		—		—		—		—
Net Pension Obligation	26,007		—		—		26,007		31,148		—		—		31,148
Total Liabilities	$	26,694							$	31,148

(1) The fair value of the Company's interest rate swap agreement was an asset at February 29, 2024 and a liability at August 31, 2024.

(2) The Plan was underfunded with a pension obligation of $26.0 million as of August 31, 2024, which is included in 'Other long-term

    liabilities' on the consolidated balance sheets.

Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

Investment in Joint Venture

The fair value of our investment in the unconsolidated AVAIL JV was determined using the income approach at the date on which we entered into the joint venture. The income approach uses discounted cash flow models that require various observable and non-observable inputs, such as operating margins, revenues, product costs, operating expenses, capital expenditures, terminal-year values and risk-adjusted discount rates. These valuations resulted in Level 3 non-recurring fair value measurements.

We assess our investment in the unconsolidated AVAIL JV for recoverability when events and circumstances are present that suggest there has been a decline in value, and if it is determined that a loss in value of the investment is other than temporary, the investment is written down to its fair value.

Long-Term Debt

The fair values of our long-term debt instruments are estimated based on market values for debt issued with similar characteristics or rates currently available for debt with similar terms. These valuations are Level 2 non-recurring fair value measurements.

The principal amount of our outstanding debt was $965.3 million and $1,010.3 million at August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively. The estimated fair value of our outstanding debt was $972.5 million and $1,010.3 million at August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, excluding unamortized debt issuance costs. The estimated fair values of our outstanding debt were determined based on the present value of future cash flows using model-derived valuations that use observable inputs such as interest rates and credit spreads.

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Leases

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

11. Leases

We are a lessee under various leases for facilities and equipment. As of August 31, 2024, we were the lessee for 148 operating leases and 55 finance leases with terms of 12 months or more. These leases are reflected on our balance sheet in "Right-of-use assets," "Lease liability - short-term" and "Lease liability - long-term."

Our leases are primarily for (i) operating facilities, (ii) vehicles and equipment used in operations, (iii) facilities used for back-office functions, (iv) equipment used for back-office functions, and (v) temporary storage. The majority of our vehicle and equipment leases have both a fixed and variable component.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheets and we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We have a significant number of short-term leases, including month-to-month agreements. Our short-term lease agreements include expenses incurred hourly, daily, monthly and for other durations of time of one year or less. Our future lease commitments as of August 31, 2024 do not reflect all of our short-term lease commitments.

The following table outlines the classification of right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024 (in thousands):

	Balance Sheet Classification	As of
		August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Assets
Operating right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets	$	17,194	$	19,808
Finance right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets	4,859		3,931
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities ― short-term	Lease liability - short-term	$	5,579	$	5,893
Operating lease liabilities ― long-term	Lease liability - long-term	12,284		14,606
Finance lease liabilities ― short-term	Lease liability - short-term	995		766
Finance lease liabilities ― long-term	Lease liability - long-term	3,979		3,221

Supplemental information related to AZZ's leases was as follows (in thousands, except years and percentages):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating cash flows from operating leases included in lease liabilities	$	1,794	$	1,834	$	3,561	$	3,654
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - operating	410		373		628		1,895
Decrease in ROU assets related to lease terminations	—		(1,294)		—		(1,302)
Financing cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	236		92		432		162
Operating cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	83		21		151		37
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - finance leases	1,009		599		1,419		599

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	3.8 years		4.12 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	4.62	%	4.49	%
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases	4.84 years		5.21 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	7.08	%	6.70	%

The following table outlines the classification of lease expense related to operating and finance leases in the statements of operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease expense:
Cost of sales	$	3,026	$	3,035	$	6,029	$	6,060
Selling, general and administrative	488		506		977		1,005
Total operating lease expense	3,514		3,541		$	7,006	$	7,065
Financing lease expense:
Cost of sales	269		101		492		177
Interest expense	83		21		151		37
Total financing lease expense	352		122		643		214
Total lease expense	$	3,866	$	3,663	$	7,649	$	7,279

As of August 31, 2024, maturities of our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal year:	Operating Leases		Finance Leases		Total
2025	$	3,259	$	665	$	3,924
2026	5,912		1,263		7,175
2027	4,598		1,224		5,822
2028	2,542		1,137		3,679
2029	1,918		920		2,838
2030	462		499		961
Thereafter	796		170		966
Total lease payments	$	19,487	$	5,878	$	25,365
Less imputed interest	(1,624)		(904)		(2,528)
Total	$	17,863	$	4,974	$	22,837

We sublease multiple buildings in Columbia, South Carolina to multiple subtenants. The Columbia sublease agreements are by and between AZZ Precoat Metals and multiple subtenants. Sublease income is recognized over the term of the sublease on a straight-line basis and is reported in the consolidated statement of operations as a reduction to "Cost of sales." Sublease income for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sublease income	$	254	$	248	$	509	$	488

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

12. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate of 25.6% for the three months ended August 31, 2024, compared to 17.4% for the three months ended August 31, 2023. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to favorable adjustments in the prior year related to uncertain tax positions.

The provision for income taxes reflects an effective tax rate of 23.9% for the six months ended August 31, 2024, compared to 21.5% for the prior year comparable period. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to favorable adjustments in the prior year related to uncertain tax positions, partially offset by higher discrete items driven by tax deductions for stock compensation in fiscal year 2025.

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Mezzanine Equity

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Mezzanine Equity

13. Mezzanine Equity

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

On May 9, 2024, we fully redeemed our 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series A Preferred Stock") for $308.9 million. The payment was calculated as the face value of the Series A Preferred Stock of $240.0 million, multiplied by the Return Factor (as defined below) of 1.4, less dividends paid to date of $27.1 million. The redemption premium of $75.2 million, which was calculated as the difference between the redemption amount and the book value of $233.7 million, was recorded as a deemed dividend, and reduces net income available to common shareholders. The Series A Preferred Stock was redeemed using proceeds from the April 2024 Secondary Public Offering. See Note 14.

On August 5, 2022, we exchanged our $240.0 million 6.00% convertible subordinated notes which were due June 30, 2030, for 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Preferred Stock, following the receipt of shareholder approval for the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock had a $1.00 par value per share, and ranked senior to the common stock of the Company, including with respect to both income and capital, but junior to our indebtedness. The Series A Preferred Stock is classified as "Mezzanine equity" in the consolidated balance sheets and, as noted above, was fully redeemed on May 9, 2024.

Liquidation Preference

If we undergo a change of control, bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation or de-listing of AZZ’s common stock (a “Fundamental Change Event”), holders of Series A Preferred Stock may have elected to (i) receive the as-converted value of AZZ’s common stock at the then-current Conversion Price, (ii) require us to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock in cash for the Redemption Amount (as defined below) or (iii) retain their shares of Series A Preferred Stock if the Fundamental Change Event is a non-cash change of control.

The Series A Preferred Stock had a liquidation preference, as defined by U.S. GAAP, equal to the Redemption Amount. Under U.S. GAAP, the liquidation preference is defined as the amount that would be required to be paid to the shareholders upon liquidation or dissolution of the Company. As of February 29, 2024, the holders of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to a liquidation preference of approximately $312.5 million in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company as of such year end.

The Certificate of Designation for the Series A Preferred Stock defines "liquidation preference" as $1,000 per share plus any unpaid dividends, which we refer to herein as the "Series A Base Amount."

Dividends

The Series A Preferred Stock accumulated a 6.0% dividend per annum, or $15.00 per share per quarter. Dividends were payable in cash or in kind, by accreting and increasing the Series A Base Amount (“PIK Dividends”). Dividends were payable on the sum of (i) the aggregate liquidation preference amount of $240.0 million plus (ii) any PIK Dividends. Dividends were accrued daily and paid quarterly in arrears, on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. Following the calendar quarter ending June 30, 2027, we may not elect PIK Dividends and dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock must be paid in cash. All dividends have been paid in cash through August 31, 2024. The dividend will increase annually by one percentage point, beginning with the dividend payable for the calendar quarter ending September 30, 2028. Dividends declared and paid for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023 were $3.6 million and $7.2 million, respectively.

Conversion Features

Subject to a minimum conversion threshold of 1,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock per conversion and customary anti-dilution and dividend adjustments, the Series A Preferred Stock was convertible by the holder at any time into shares of AZZ's common stock for $58.30 per common share (the “Conversion Price”). In addition, after May 13, 2024, we were entitled to provide holders of Series A Preferred Stock with notice of a mandatory conversion of a portion of the Series A Preferred Stock (which may not have exceeded 25% of the amount of Series A Preferred Stock issued in any single quarter) at the Conversion Price if the closing price of our common stock exceeded 185% of the Conversion Price for 20 consecutive trading days prior to the date of such notice and so long as the shelf registration statement filed November 4, 2022 to cover resales of the converted common stock remained effective and available for use.

Participation Rights

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock participated equally and ratably with the holders of AZZ's common stock in any dividends paid on AZZ’s common stock in excess of our current $0.17 quarterly dividend when, as and if declared by the Board as if such shares of Series A Preferred Stock had been converted to shares of common stock immediately prior to the record date for the payment of such dividend.

Redemption Features

AZZ had the right to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at a price equal to the greater of (i) the Series A Base Amount plus accrued but unpaid dividends; (ii) the initial Series A Base Amount (excluding any prior PIK dividends) multiplied by the Return Factor less all dividends paid through the redemption date; or (iii) the amount the holder of such share of convertible preferred stock would have received had such holder, immediately prior to such redemption date, converted such shares of convertible preferred stock into common shares (such greater amount, the “Redemption Amount”).

The redemption price under option (ii) contains a "Return Factor," which was equal to 1.4 until May 13, 2024 and, (a) in each of the three years thereafter, would have increased by 0.15, (b) would have increased by an additional 0.15 after May 13, 2024 (the second anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock) if (i) our ratio of net debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) on the second anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock was greater than 3.5-to-1 and (ii) prior to May 13, 2024,we had not consummated dispositions of assets that, in the aggregate, resulted in proceeds in excess of $200.0 million and (c) would have increased by an additional 0.20 on May 13, 2028, (the sixth anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock) and each anniversary thereafter.

The redemption price under option (iii) was subject to provisions of the Certificate of Designation that limited our right to redeem to the period following the two year anniversary of the initial issuance, limited the quarterly conversion to up to 25% of the number of shares of convertible preferred stock outstanding, and required our market price per share of common stock to exceed 185% of the conversion price.

As of February 29, 2024, the Redemption Amount for the Series A Preferred stock was $312.5 million.

Voting Rights

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to a number of votes on all matters presented to holders of voting capital stock of AZZ equal to the number of shares of the AZZ’s common stock then issuable upon conversion of such holders’ Series A Preferred Stock. The vote or consent of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock would have been required for certain actions, including:

a.issuances by AZZ of equity securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series A Preferred Stock, including any additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock;

b.incurrence of any additional indebtedness (including refinancings of existing indebtedness) by the Company unless our ratio of net debt to EBITDA (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) does not exceed 5.5x;

c.refinancings of the 2022 Credit Agreement, subject to certain exceptions;

d.dividends or distributions upon, or redemptions of, shares of AZZ’s common stock unless our ratio of net debt to EBITDA (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) does not exceed 5.5x;

e.any acquisition, investment, sale, disposition or similar transaction (whether of an entity, business, equity interests or assets) that has total consideration (including assumption of liabilities) of at least $250.0 million (or, when our market

capitalization is $2.0 billion or greater, has total consideration (including assumption of liabilities) of at least $500.0 million);

f.amendments to our organizational documents that would have an adverse effect on the holders of Series A Preferred Stock;

g.any affiliate transaction except those on arms’-length terms; and

h.any voluntary dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy, winding up or deregistration or delisting of AZZ’s common stock.

The holders of Series A Preferred Stock also had customary information and preemptive rights, and the Series A Preferred Stock was subject to customary anti-dilution provisions. The Series A Preferred Stock, and all shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, had customary demand and piggyback registration rights pursuant to the registration rights agreement, which was entered into on May 13, 2022 with BTO Pegasus Holdings DE L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (together with its assignees, “Blackstone”). Holders of Series A Preferred Stock were prohibited from transferring shares of Series A Preferred Stock to any competitor of AZZ or activist investors, subject to certain exceptions.

14. Equity

April 2024 Secondary Public Offering

On April 30, 2024, we completed a secondary public offering in which we sold 4.6 million shares of our common stock at $70.00 per share (the "April 2024 Secondary Public Offering"). We received gross proceeds of $322.0 million, and paid offering expenses of $13.3 million, for net proceeds of $308.7 million. The proceeds from the April 2024 Offering were used to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock. See Note 13.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"), after tax, for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(8,053)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	3,652	$	108	$	(3,059)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	864		(531)		—		(3,062)		6		(2,723)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,113)		—		(1,113)
Net change in AOCI	864		(531)		—		(4,175)		6		(3,836)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,628)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	2,533	$	(33)	$	(3,894)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	439		(531)		—		(842)		147		(787)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(2,214)		—		(2,214)
Net change in AOCI	439		(531)		—		(3,056)		147		(3,001)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,552)	$	1,112	$	119	$	(1,054)	$	(165)	$	(7,540)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	18		(2,885)		—		5,254		278		2,665
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(939)		—		(939)
Net change in AOCI	18		(2,885)		—		4,315		278		1,726
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,571)	$	—	$	119	$	2,879	$	—	$	(4,573)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	37		(1,773)		—		1,870		113		247
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,488)		—		(1,488)
Net change in AOCI	37		(1,773)		—		382		113		(1,241)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

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Equity

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Equity

13. Mezzanine Equity

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

On May 9, 2024, we fully redeemed our 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series A Preferred Stock") for $308.9 million. The payment was calculated as the face value of the Series A Preferred Stock of $240.0 million, multiplied by the Return Factor (as defined below) of 1.4, less dividends paid to date of $27.1 million. The redemption premium of $75.2 million, which was calculated as the difference between the redemption amount and the book value of $233.7 million, was recorded as a deemed dividend, and reduces net income available to common shareholders. The Series A Preferred Stock was redeemed using proceeds from the April 2024 Secondary Public Offering. See Note 14.

On August 5, 2022, we exchanged our $240.0 million 6.00% convertible subordinated notes which were due June 30, 2030, for 240,000 shares of 6.0% Series A Preferred Stock, following the receipt of shareholder approval for the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock had a $1.00 par value per share, and ranked senior to the common stock of the Company, including with respect to both income and capital, but junior to our indebtedness. The Series A Preferred Stock is classified as "Mezzanine equity" in the consolidated balance sheets and, as noted above, was fully redeemed on May 9, 2024.

Liquidation Preference

If we undergo a change of control, bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation or de-listing of AZZ’s common stock (a “Fundamental Change Event”), holders of Series A Preferred Stock may have elected to (i) receive the as-converted value of AZZ’s common stock at the then-current Conversion Price, (ii) require us to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock in cash for the Redemption Amount (as defined below) or (iii) retain their shares of Series A Preferred Stock if the Fundamental Change Event is a non-cash change of control.

The Series A Preferred Stock had a liquidation preference, as defined by U.S. GAAP, equal to the Redemption Amount. Under U.S. GAAP, the liquidation preference is defined as the amount that would be required to be paid to the shareholders upon liquidation or dissolution of the Company. As of February 29, 2024, the holders of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to a liquidation preference of approximately $312.5 million in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company as of such year end.

The Certificate of Designation for the Series A Preferred Stock defines "liquidation preference" as $1,000 per share plus any unpaid dividends, which we refer to herein as the "Series A Base Amount."

Dividends

The Series A Preferred Stock accumulated a 6.0% dividend per annum, or $15.00 per share per quarter. Dividends were payable in cash or in kind, by accreting and increasing the Series A Base Amount (“PIK Dividends”). Dividends were payable on the sum of (i) the aggregate liquidation preference amount of $240.0 million plus (ii) any PIK Dividends. Dividends were accrued daily and paid quarterly in arrears, on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. Following the calendar quarter ending June 30, 2027, we may not elect PIK Dividends and dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock must be paid in cash. All dividends have been paid in cash through August 31, 2024. The dividend will increase annually by one percentage point, beginning with the dividend payable for the calendar quarter ending September 30, 2028. Dividends declared and paid for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023 were $3.6 million and $7.2 million, respectively.

Conversion Features

Subject to a minimum conversion threshold of 1,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock per conversion and customary anti-dilution and dividend adjustments, the Series A Preferred Stock was convertible by the holder at any time into shares of AZZ's common stock for $58.30 per common share (the “Conversion Price”). In addition, after May 13, 2024, we were entitled to provide holders of Series A Preferred Stock with notice of a mandatory conversion of a portion of the Series A Preferred Stock (which may not have exceeded 25% of the amount of Series A Preferred Stock issued in any single quarter) at the Conversion Price if the closing price of our common stock exceeded 185% of the Conversion Price for 20 consecutive trading days prior to the date of such notice and so long as the shelf registration statement filed November 4, 2022 to cover resales of the converted common stock remained effective and available for use.

Participation Rights

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock participated equally and ratably with the holders of AZZ's common stock in any dividends paid on AZZ’s common stock in excess of our current $0.17 quarterly dividend when, as and if declared by the Board as if such shares of Series A Preferred Stock had been converted to shares of common stock immediately prior to the record date for the payment of such dividend.

Redemption Features

AZZ had the right to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at a price equal to the greater of (i) the Series A Base Amount plus accrued but unpaid dividends; (ii) the initial Series A Base Amount (excluding any prior PIK dividends) multiplied by the Return Factor less all dividends paid through the redemption date; or (iii) the amount the holder of such share of convertible preferred stock would have received had such holder, immediately prior to such redemption date, converted such shares of convertible preferred stock into common shares (such greater amount, the “Redemption Amount”).

The redemption price under option (ii) contains a "Return Factor," which was equal to 1.4 until May 13, 2024 and, (a) in each of the three years thereafter, would have increased by 0.15, (b) would have increased by an additional 0.15 after May 13, 2024 (the second anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock) if (i) our ratio of net debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) on the second anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock was greater than 3.5-to-1 and (ii) prior to May 13, 2024,we had not consummated dispositions of assets that, in the aggregate, resulted in proceeds in excess of $200.0 million and (c) would have increased by an additional 0.20 on May 13, 2028, (the sixth anniversary of the issuance date of the Series A Preferred Stock) and each anniversary thereafter.

The redemption price under option (iii) was subject to provisions of the Certificate of Designation that limited our right to redeem to the period following the two year anniversary of the initial issuance, limited the quarterly conversion to up to 25% of the number of shares of convertible preferred stock outstanding, and required our market price per share of common stock to exceed 185% of the conversion price.

As of February 29, 2024, the Redemption Amount for the Series A Preferred stock was $312.5 million.

Voting Rights

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to a number of votes on all matters presented to holders of voting capital stock of AZZ equal to the number of shares of the AZZ’s common stock then issuable upon conversion of such holders’ Series A Preferred Stock. The vote or consent of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock would have been required for certain actions, including:

a.issuances by AZZ of equity securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series A Preferred Stock, including any additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock;

b.incurrence of any additional indebtedness (including refinancings of existing indebtedness) by the Company unless our ratio of net debt to EBITDA (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) does not exceed 5.5x;

c.refinancings of the 2022 Credit Agreement, subject to certain exceptions;

d.dividends or distributions upon, or redemptions of, shares of AZZ’s common stock unless our ratio of net debt to EBITDA (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) does not exceed 5.5x;

e.any acquisition, investment, sale, disposition or similar transaction (whether of an entity, business, equity interests or assets) that has total consideration (including assumption of liabilities) of at least $250.0 million (or, when our market

capitalization is $2.0 billion or greater, has total consideration (including assumption of liabilities) of at least $500.0 million);

f.amendments to our organizational documents that would have an adverse effect on the holders of Series A Preferred Stock;

g.any affiliate transaction except those on arms’-length terms; and

h.any voluntary dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy, winding up or deregistration or delisting of AZZ’s common stock.

The holders of Series A Preferred Stock also had customary information and preemptive rights, and the Series A Preferred Stock was subject to customary anti-dilution provisions. The Series A Preferred Stock, and all shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, had customary demand and piggyback registration rights pursuant to the registration rights agreement, which was entered into on May 13, 2022 with BTO Pegasus Holdings DE L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (together with its assignees, “Blackstone”). Holders of Series A Preferred Stock were prohibited from transferring shares of Series A Preferred Stock to any competitor of AZZ or activist investors, subject to certain exceptions.

14. Equity

April 2024 Secondary Public Offering

On April 30, 2024, we completed a secondary public offering in which we sold 4.6 million shares of our common stock at $70.00 per share (the "April 2024 Secondary Public Offering"). We received gross proceeds of $322.0 million, and paid offering expenses of $13.3 million, for net proceeds of $308.7 million. The proceeds from the April 2024 Offering were used to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock. See Note 13.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"), after tax, for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(8,053)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	3,652	$	108	$	(3,059)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	864		(531)		—		(3,062)		6		(2,723)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,113)		—		(1,113)
Net change in AOCI	864		(531)		—		(4,175)		6		(3,836)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,628)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	2,533	$	(33)	$	(3,894)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	439		(531)		—		(842)		147		(787)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(2,214)		—		(2,214)
Net change in AOCI	439		(531)		—		(3,056)		147		(3,001)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,552)	$	1,112	$	119	$	(1,054)	$	(165)	$	(7,540)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	18		(2,885)		—		5,254		278		2,665
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(939)		—		(939)
Net change in AOCI	18		(2,885)		—		4,315		278		1,726
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,571)	$	—	$	119	$	2,879	$	—	$	(4,573)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	37		(1,773)		—		1,870		113		247
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,488)		—		(1,488)
Net change in AOCI	37		(1,773)		—		382		113		(1,241)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

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Defined Benefit Pension Plan

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Postemployment Benefits [Abstract]

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

15. Defined Benefit Pension Plan

Pension and Employee Benefit Obligations

In our Precoat Metals segment, certain current or past employees participate in a defined benefit pension plan (the "Plan"). Prior to the Precoat Acquisition, benefit accruals were frozen for all participants. After the freeze, participants no longer accrued benefits under the Plan, and new hires of AZZ Precoat Metals are not eligible to participate in the Plan. As of August 31, 2024, the Plan was underfunded, and we have a pension obligation of $26.0 million, which is included in "Other long-term liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets and represents the underfunded portion of the Plan.

The components of net benefit cost other than the employer service cost are included in "Selling, general and administrative" expense. The following table outlines the net benefit cost and its components (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Expected return on plan assets	$	1,711	$	1,759	$	3,414	$	3,517
Interest cost	(1,491)		(1,488)		(2,975)		(2,975)
Net benefit cost	$	220	$	271	$	439	$	542

We paid employer contributions of $5.6 million into the Plan during the six months ended August 31, 2024. We expect to pay $2.2 million of contributions into the Plan during the remainder of fiscal 2025.

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

16. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal

The Company and its subsidiaries are named defendants and plaintiffs in various routine lawsuits incidental to our business. These proceedings include labor and employment claims, various commercial disputes, worker’s compensation and environmental matters, all arising in the normal course of business. As discovery progresses on all outstanding legal matters, the Company continues to evaluate opportunities to either mediate the case or settle the disputes for nuisance value or the cost of defense as a way to resolve the disputes prior to trial. As the pending cases progress through additional discovery and potential mediation, our assessment of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome on the pending lawsuits may change. Although the outcome of these lawsuits or other proceedings cannot be predicted with any certainty, and the amount of any potential liability that could arise with respect to such lawsuits or other matters cannot be predicted at this time, management, after consultation with legal counsel believes it has strong defenses to all of its legal matters and does not expect liabilities, if any, from these claims or proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In 2017, Southeast Texas Industries, Inc. (“STI”) filed a breach of contract lawsuit against the Company in the 1st District Court of Jasper County, Texas (the “Court”). In 2020, we filed a counter suit against STI for amounts due to AZZ for work performed. The parties unsuccessfully mediated the case in November 2021. On October 16, 2023, the case went to trial, and on October 27, 2023, the jury rendered a verdict in favor of STI and against AZZ Beaumont in the amount of $5.5 million in damages for breach of contract and breach of express warranty. A final judgment amount was entered by the Court on February 14, 2024, and we are still waiting on the trial transcript from the court reporter which is not expected to be made available to the parties until December 31, 2024. We believe we have strong grounds for an appeal, and will pursue all available appellate options. The appeal process is expected to take two years. As of August 31, 2024, we have recorded a legal accrual of $5.5 million, which is included in "Other accrued liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets, reflecting our best estimate of the probable loss. Our estimate of the probable loss may change throughout the appellate process. We have purchased a supersedeas bond to cover the final judgment amount throughout the duration of the appellate process.

A litigation matter between AZZ, as Plaintiff, and a previous customer of an affiliate of the AIS business, which was retained following the disposition of the AIS business, is scheduled to go to trial in fiscal 2026. As of August 31, 2024, we have a receivable due from the Defendant, net of allowance, of $5.2 million, which is included in "Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses" in the consolidated balance sheets. This receivable balance represents our best estimate of the amount we expect to collect, which may change following completion of the trial.

Prior to AZZ's acquisition of Precoat Metals on May 13, 2022, Precoat Metals sold its Armorel Arkansas facility to Nucor Coatings Corporation ("Nucor") via a purchase agreement dated October 27, 2020 ("2020 Agreement"). Nucor subsequently filed a lawsuit against Precoat Metals for indemnification for breach of environmental representations and warranties made in the 2020 Agreement. In the lawsuit, Nucor asserted that it has sustained certain damages resulting from Precoat Metal’s breach of its indemnification obligations that were set forth in the 2020 Agreement. The parties attended a mediation on March 18, 2024, and although the Company believed Nucor’s case was deficient and it had very strong defenses to the allegations asserted by Nucor, management determined that it was still in the best interest of the Company to settle all matters for the estimated cost of defense in an effort to retain and fortify its current commercial relationships with Nucor, who is both a customer and supplier to the Company. The parties mutually agreed to resolve all disputed matters for $5.25 million. The $5.25 million settlement amount was included in "Other accrued liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheet as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024. The settlement amount was paid by the Company to Nucor on September 9, 2024.

On July 29, 2024, Gainesville Associates, LLC (“Gainesville Associates”) filed a complaint (the “Complaint”) in the Circuit Court of Prince William County, Virginia against AZZ, Atlantic Research, LLC (“ARC”), Precoat Metals Corporation, and Chromalloy Corporation (collectively “Defendants”), asserting claims for breach of contract against ARC and unjust enrichment against all Defendants. The Complaint arises out of a lease, dated January 1, 1976, between Gainesville Associates as landlord and ARC as tenant (as subsequently amended in 1982, 2012, 2013 and 2017, the “Lease”) for property in Gainesville, Virginia (the “Property”). ARC ceased using the property in 2005 after which point ARC remained in the Lease to complete its obligations on the property pursuant to a consent decree entered into between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and ARC in 1992. ARC satisfied its obligations under the consent decree in 2018 (other than ongoing well water monitoring and testing) and terminated the Lease in 2019. In its Complaint, Gainesville Associates alleges that ARC breached certain provisions of the Lease. On September 3, 2024, Defendants removed the action to the United States District Court of the Eastern District of Virginia. On September 24, 2024, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Complaint in its entirety, arguing that the complaint failed to adequately allege any claim against any Defendant. Plaintiff has not yet filed its response to the Defendant’s motion to dismiss. Management disputes the merits of the allegations and will continue to pursue

dismissal of the action. As of August 31, 2024, we have not recognized a legal accrual on our consolidated balance sheets, as we do not currently have enough information available to generate a reliable estimate of a probable loss on this matter. As more information becomes available, we will continue to evaluate whether it is possible to disclose a range of potential losses in the future.

Environmental

As of August 31, 2024, the reserve balance for our environmental liabilities was $20.4 million, of which $2.8 million is classified as current. Environmental remediation liabilities include costs directly associated with site investigation and clean up, such as materials, external contractor costs, legal and consulting expenses and incremental internal costs directly related to ongoing remediation plans. Estimates used to record environmental remediation liabilities are based on the Company's best estimate of probable future costs based on site-specific facts and circumstances known at the time of the estimate and these estimates are updated on a quarterly basis. Estimates of the cost for the potential or ongoing remediation plans are developed using internal resources and third-party environmental engineers and consultants.

The Company accrues the anticipated cost of environmental remediation when the obligation is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If a range of amounts can be reasonably estimated and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, then the minimum of the range is accrued. While any revisions to the Company's environmental remediation liabilities could be material to the operating results of any fiscal quarter or fiscal year, the Company does not expect such additional remediation expenses to have an adverse material effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Capital Commitments—Greenfield Aluminum Coil Coating Facility

We are expanding our coatings capabilities by constructing a new 25-acre aluminum coil coating facility in Washington, Missouri that is expected to be operational in calendar year 2025 (the Company's fiscal year 2026). The new greenfield facility will be included in the AZZ Precoat Metals segment and is supported by a take-or-pay contract for approximately 75% of the output from the new plant. We expect to spend approximately $124.0 million in capital payments over the life of the project, of which $60.8 million was paid prior to fiscal 2025 and $35.6 million was paid during the six months ended August 31, 2024. The remaining balance of $27.6 million is to occur prior to the end of fiscal 2025, of which we have capital commitments of $17.4 million.

Commodity pricing

    As of August 31, 2024, we had non-cancelable forward contracts to purchase approximately $37.9 million of zinc at various volumes and prices between March 2024 and December 2024. We also had non-cancelable forward contracts to purchase approximately $9.3 million of natural gas at various volumes and prices between June 2024 and August 2025. All such contracts expire by the first quarter of fiscal 2026. We had no other contracted commitments for any other commodities including steel, aluminum, copper, zinc, nickel-based alloys, natural gas, except for those entered into under the normal course of business.

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Subsequent Events

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

17. Subsequent Events

Debt repricing

On September 24, 2024, we completed our third repricing of the Term Loan B, for which $890.3 million was outstanding as of August 31, 2024 . The repricing reduced the margin from SOFR plus 3.25% to SOFR plus 2.50%, for a total reduction of 75 basis points.

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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income (loss)	$ 35,419	$ 28,332	$ 75,021	$ 56,854

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Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

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The Company and Basis of Presentation (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization and Basis of Consolidation

AZZ Inc. ("AZZ", the "Company", "our" or "we") was established in 1956 and incorporated under the laws of the state of Texas. We are a provider of hot-dip galvanizing and coil coating solutions to a broad range of end-markets in North America. We have three distinct operating segments: the AZZ Metal Coatings segment, the AZZ Precoat Metals segment, and the AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment. Our AZZ Metal Coatings segment is a leading provider of metal finishing solutions for corrosion protection, including hot-dip galvanizing, spin galvanizing, powder coating, anodizing and plating to the North American steel fabrication industry and other industries. The AZZ Precoat Metals segment provides aesthetic and corrosion protective coatings and related value-added services for steel and aluminum coil, primarily serving the construction; appliance; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC); container; transportation and other end markets in North America. The AZZ Infrastructure Solutions segment represents our 40% non-controlling interest in AIS Investment Holdings LLC (the "AVAIL JV"). AIS Investment Holdings LLC is primarily dedicated to delivering safe and reliable transmission of power from generation sources to end customers, and automated weld overlay solutions for corrosion and erosion mitigation to critical infrastructure in markets worldwide.

Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of February 29, 2024 was derived from audited financial statements. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2024, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K covering such period which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on April 22, 2024.  Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Our fiscal year ends on the last day of February and is identified as the fiscal year for the calendar year in which it ends. For example, the fiscal year ending February 28, 2025 is referred to as fiscal 2025.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of August 31, 2024, the results of its operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023. The interim results reported herein are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures ("ASU 2023-09"), which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The update will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. We expect to adopt ASU 2023-09 for the annual period ending February 28, 2025 and the adoption will not affect our financial position or our results of operations, but will result in additional disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"), which expands disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and requires more enhanced information about a reportable segment’s expenses, interim segment profit or loss, and how a public entity’s chief operating decision maker uses reported segment profit or loss information in assessing segment performance and allocating resources. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to affect our financial position or our results of operations, but will result in additional disclosures for our annual reporting period ending February 28, 2025 and interim reporting periods in fiscal 2026.

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Inventories (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory

The following table summarizes the components of inventory (in thousands):

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Raw material	$	111,728	$	111,674
Work in process	552		898
Finished goods	2,969		5,084
Total inventories	$	115,249	$	117,656

Our inventory reserves were $3.5 million and $4.5 million as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, respectively. Inventory cost is determined principally using the first-in-first-out (FIFO) method for the AZZ Metal Coatings segment and the specific identification method for the Precoat Metals segment.

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of basic and diluted earnings per share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	35,419	$	28,332	$	75,021	$	56,854
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	—		(3,600)		(1,200)		(7,200)
Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	—		—		(75,198)		—
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	35,419	$	24,732	$	(1,377)	$	49,654
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends	—		3,600		—		7,200
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	35,419	$	28,332	$	(1,377)	$	56,854
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	29,852		25,054		28,294		24,997
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee and director stock awards	205		39		—		82
Series A Preferred Stock	—		4,117		—		4,117
Denominator for diluted earnings per share	30,057		29,210		28,294		29,196
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.19	$	0.99	$	(0.05)	$	1.99
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.18	$	0.97	$	(0.05)	$	1.95

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Disaggregated Sales (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Revenues [Abstract]

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents disaggregated sales by customer industry (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sales:
Construction	$	233,196	$	216,807	$	461,691	$	422,337
Industrial	36,691		42,245		76,767		82,889
Transportation	36,550		35,869		74,913		72,626
Consumer	31,408		34,673		65,169		70,258
Utilities	30,731		25,905		59,346		51,312
Other (1)	40,431		43,043		84,329		89,993
Total Sales	$	409,007	$	398,542	$	822,215	$	789,415
(1) Other includes less significant markets, such as agriculture, recreation, petro-chem, AZZ Tubular products and sales from recycling.

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures

To arrive at net cash provided by operating activities, net income is adjusted by, among other things, changes in current assets and current liabilities as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Decrease (increase) in current assets:
Accounts receivable, net	$	(10,813)	$	(13,711)
Other receivables	(7,186)		13,101
Inventories	2,454		7,460
Contract assets	(14,648)		57
Prepaid expenses and other	(6,041)		(2,544)
Increase (decrease) in current liabilities:
Accounts payable	23,269		15,037
Income taxes payable	1,747		(226)
Accrued expenses	2,725		2,211
Changes in current assets and current liabilities	$	(8,493)	$	21,385

Cash flows related to interest and income taxes were as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for interest	$	41,227	$	51,539
Cash paid for income taxes	13,703		12,930

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities were as follows (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023
Accrued dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	$	—	$	2,400
Accruals for capital expenditures	5,379		5,579

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Operating segments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Operations and assets by segment

three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 by segment, for the Company's corporate operations and on a consolidated basis (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	171,500	$	237,507	$	—	$	—	$	409,007
Cost of sales	118,193		187,300		—		—		305,493
Gross margin	53,307		50,207		—		—		103,514
Selling, general and administrative	5,619		7,677		9		22,563		35,868
Operating income (loss)	47,688		42,530		(9)		(22,563)		67,646
Interest expense	—		—		—		(21,909)		(21,909)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		1,478		—		1,478
Other (expense) income	(7)		—		—		424		417
Income (loss) before income tax	$	47,681	$	42,530	$	1,469	(44,048)		47,632
Income tax expense							12,213		12,213
Net income (loss)							$	(56,261)	$	35,419

See notes below tables.

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	348,152	$	474,063	$	—	$	—	$	822,215
Cost of sales	240,929		375,102		—		—		616,031
Gross margin	107,223		98,961		—		—		206,184
Selling, general and administrative	11,602		16,338		38		40,811		68,789
Operating income (loss)	95,621		82,623		(38)		(40,811)		137,395
Interest expense	—		—		—		(44,683)		(44,683)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		5,302		—		5,302
Other income	49		—		—		572		621
Income (loss) before income tax	$	95,670	$	82,623	$	5,264	(84,922)		98,635
Income tax expense							23,614		23,614
Net income (loss)							$	(108,536)	$	75,021

See notes below tables.

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	169,837	$	228,705	$	—	$	—	$	398,542
Cost of sales	119,471		181,825		—		—		301,296
Gross margin	50,366		46,880		—		—		97,246
Selling, general and administrative	5,285		7,874		5,932		17,148		36,239
Operating income (loss)	45,081		39,006		(5,932)		(17,148)		61,007
Interest expense	—		—		—		(27,770)		(27,770)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		974		—		974
Other income	13		—		—		75		88
Income (loss) before income tax	$	45,094	$	39,006	$	(4,958)	(44,843)		34,299
Income tax expense							5,967		5,967
Net income (loss)							$	(50,810)	$	28,332

See notes below tables.

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Metal Coatings		Precoat Metals(4)		Infrastructure Solutions(1)		Corporate(2)		Total
Sales	$	338,631	$	450,784	$	—	$	—	$	789,415
Cost of sales	237,328		357,822		—		—		595,150
Gross margin	101,303		92,962		—		—		194,265
Selling, general and administrative	10,751		16,266		5,954		34,791		67,762
Operating income (loss)	90,552		76,696		(5,954)		(34,791)		126,503
Interest expense	—		—		—		(56,476)		(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	—		—		2,394		—		2,394
Other income (expense)	(11)		—		—		61		50
Income (loss) before income tax	$	90,541	$	76,696	$	(3,560)	(91,206)		72,471
Income tax expense							15,617		15,617
Net income (loss)							$	(106,823)	$	56,854

(1) Infrastructure Solutions segment includes the equity in earnings from our investment in the AVAIL JV as well as other expenses related to

receivables and liabilities that were retained following the sale of the AIS business.

(2) Interest expense and Income tax expense are included in the Corporate segment as these items are not allocated to the segments.

Reconciliation of Assets from Segment to Consolidated

Asset balances by operating segment for each period were as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Assets:
Metal Coatings	$	550,394	$	553,505
Precoat Metals	1,557,895		1,500,122
Infrastructure Solutions - Investment in Joint Venture	97,768		98,169
Corporate	34,273		43,709
Total assets	$	2,240,330	$	2,195,505

Revenue from External Customers by Geographic Areas

Financial information about geographical areas for the periods presented was as follows (in thousands). The geographic area is based on the location of the operating facility and no customer accounted for 10 percent or more of consolidated sales.

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sales:
United States	$	398,658	$	388,538	$	801,709	$	769,860
Canada	10,349		10,004		20,506		19,555
Total	$	409,007	$	398,542	$	822,215	$	789,415

Long-lived Assets by Geographic Areas

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Property, plant and equipment, net:
United States	$	550,761	$	522,693
Canada	18,971		18,959
Total	$	569,732	$	541,652

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Investments in Unconsolidated Entity (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Equity Method Investments

Summarized Balance Sheet
	As of
	August 31, 2024(1)
Current assets	$	281,937
Long-term assets	177,926
Total assets	$	459,863
Current liabilities	139,333
Long-term liabilities	124,359
Total liabilities	$	263,692
Total partners' capital	196,171
Total liabilities and partners' capital	$	459,863

Summarized Operating Data
	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	August 31, 2024(1)		August 31, 2024(1)
Sales	$	119,584	$	249,300
Gross profit	27,569		59,086
Net income	2,780		10,955
(1) We report our equity in earnings on a one-month lag basis; therefore, amounts in the summarized financials above are as of and for the     three and six months ended July 31, 2024. Amounts in the table above exclude certain adjustments made by us to record equity in     earnings of the AVAIL JV under U.S GAAP for public companies, primarily to reverse the amortization of goodwill.

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Debt (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt

Our long-term debt instruments and balances outstanding for each of the periods presented (in thousands):

 

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Revolving Credit Facility	$	75,000	$	30,000
Term Loan B	890,250		980,250
Total debt, gross	965,250		1,010,250
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(52,678)		(57,508)
Long-term debt, net	$	912,572	$	952,742

Interest Income and Interest Expense Disclosure

Interest expense is comprised as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Gross Interest expense	$	23,621	$	28,298	$	47,827	$	57,260
Less: Capitalized interest	(1,712)		(528)		(3,144)		(784)
Interest expense, net	$	21,909	$	27,770	$	44,683	$	56,476

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

Our financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024 are as follows (dollars in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements Using								Fair Value Measurements Using
	Carrying Value						Assets measured		Carrying Value						Assets measured
	August 31, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		at Net Asset Value		February 29, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		at Net Asset Value
Assets:
Interest Rate Swap Agreement(1)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3,410	$	—	$	3,410	$	—
Total Assets	$	—							$	3,410
Liabilities:
Interest Rate Swap Agreement(1)	687		—		687		—		—		—		—		—
Net Pension Obligation	26,007		—		—		26,007		31,148		—		—		31,148
Total Liabilities	$	26,694							$	31,148

(1) The fair value of the Company's interest rate swap agreement was an asset at February 29, 2024 and a liability at August 31, 2024.

(2) The Plan was underfunded with a pension obligation of $26.0 million as of August 31, 2024, which is included in 'Other long-term

    liabilities' on the consolidated balance sheets.

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Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Lease, Cost

The following table outlines the classification of right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024 (in thousands):

	Balance Sheet Classification	As of
		August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Assets
Operating right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets	$	17,194	$	19,808
Finance right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets	4,859		3,931
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities ― short-term	Lease liability - short-term	$	5,579	$	5,893
Operating lease liabilities ― long-term	Lease liability - long-term	12,284		14,606
Finance lease liabilities ― short-term	Lease liability - short-term	995		766
Finance lease liabilities ― long-term	Lease liability - long-term	3,979		3,221

Supplemental information related to AZZ's leases was as follows (in thousands, except years and percentages):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating cash flows from operating leases included in lease liabilities	$	1,794	$	1,834	$	3,561	$	3,654
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - operating	410		373		628		1,895
Decrease in ROU assets related to lease terminations	—		(1,294)		—		(1,302)
Financing cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	236		92		432		162
Operating cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	83		21		151		37
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - finance leases	1,009		599		1,419		599

	As of
	August 31, 2024		February 29, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	3.8 years		4.12 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	4.62	%	4.49	%
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases	4.84 years		5.21 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	7.08	%	6.70	%

The following table outlines the classification of lease expense related to operating and finance leases in the statements of operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating lease expense:
Cost of sales	$	3,026	$	3,035	$	6,029	$	6,060
Selling, general and administrative	488		506		977		1,005
Total operating lease expense	3,514		3,541		$	7,006	$	7,065
Financing lease expense:
Cost of sales	269		101		492		177
Interest expense	83		21		151		37
Total financing lease expense	352		122		643		214
Total lease expense	$	3,866	$	3,663	$	7,649	$	7,279

Sublease income for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Sublease income	$	254	$	248	$	509	$	488

Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity

As of August 31, 2024, maturities of our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal year:	Operating Leases		Finance Leases		Total
2025	$	3,259	$	665	$	3,924
2026	5,912		1,263		7,175
2027	4,598		1,224		5,822
2028	2,542		1,137		3,679
2029	1,918		920		2,838
2030	462		499		961
Thereafter	796		170		966
Total lease payments	$	19,487	$	5,878	$	25,365
Less imputed interest	(1,624)		(904)		(2,528)
Total	$	17,863	$	4,974	$	22,837

Finance Lease, Liability, Maturity

As of August 31, 2024, maturities of our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal year:	Operating Leases		Finance Leases		Total
2025	$	3,259	$	665	$	3,924
2026	5,912		1,263		7,175
2027	4,598		1,224		5,822
2028	2,542		1,137		3,679
2029	1,918		920		2,838
2030	462		499		961
Thereafter	796		170		966
Total lease payments	$	19,487	$	5,878	$	25,365
Less imputed interest	(1,624)		(904)		(2,528)
Total	$	17,863	$	4,974	$	22,837

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Equity (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"), after tax, for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(8,053)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	3,652	$	108	$	(3,059)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	864		(531)		—		(3,062)		6		(2,723)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,113)		—		(1,113)
Net change in AOCI	864		(531)		—		(4,175)		6		(3,836)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,628)	$	1,418	$	(184)	$	2,533	$	(33)	$	(3,894)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	439		(531)		—		(842)		147		(787)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(2,214)		—		(2,214)
Net change in AOCI	439		(531)		—		(3,056)		147		(3,001)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,189)	$	887	$	(184)	$	(523)	$	114	$	(6,895)

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,552)	$	1,112	$	119	$	(1,054)	$	(165)	$	(7,540)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	18		(2,885)		—		5,254		278		2,665
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(939)		—		(939)
Net change in AOCI	18		(2,885)		—		4,315		278		1,726
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

	Six Months Ended August 31, 2023
	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)		Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax		Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax		Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary		Total
Balance as of beginning of period	$	(7,571)	$	—	$	119	$	2,879	$	—	$	(4,573)
Other comprehensive income before reclassification	37		(1,773)		—		1,870		113		247
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		—		(1,488)		—		(1,488)
Net change in AOCI	37		(1,773)		—		382		113		(1,241)
Balance as of end of period	$	(7,534)	$	(1,773)	$	119	$	3,261	$	113	$	(5,814)

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Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Postemployment Benefits [Abstract]

Schedule of Net Benefit Costs

The components of net benefit cost other than the employer service cost are included in "Selling, general and administrative" expense. The following table outlines the net benefit cost and its components (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended August 31,				Six Months Ended August 31,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Expected return on plan assets	$	1,711	$	1,759	$	3,414	$	3,517
Interest cost	(1,491)		(1,488)		(2,975)		(2,975)
Net benefit cost	$	220	$	271	$	439	$	542

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The Company and Basis of Presentation (Details) - operating_segments	6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2022
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Number of operating segments	3
AIS Joint Venture
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Ownership percentage of investment	40.00%	40.00%

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Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw material	$ 111,728	$ 111,674
Work in process	552	898
Finished goods	2,969	5,084
Total Inventory	115,249	117,656
Inventory reserves	$ 3,500	$ 4,500

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Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Numerator:
Net income from continuing operations	$ 35,419	$ 28,332	$ 75,021	$ 56,854
Dividends on preferred stock	0	(3,600)	(1,200)	(7,200)
Plus: Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	0	0	(75,198)	0
Net income from continuing operations available to common shareholders	35,419	24,732	(1,377)	49,654
Dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	0	3,600	0	7,200
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$ 35,419	$ 28,332	$ (1,377)	$ 56,854
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per common share-weighted average shares (shares)	29,852,000	25,054,000	28,294,000	24,997,000
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee and director stock awards	205,000	39,000	0	82,000
Series A convertible preferred stock (shares)	0	4,117,000	0	4,117,000
Denominator for diluted earnings per common share (shares)	30,057,000	29,210,000	28,294,000	29,196,000
Computation of basic and diluted earnings per share
Basic earnings per common share (usd per share)	$ 1.19	$ 0.99	$ (0.05)	$ 1.99
Diluted earnings per common share (usd per share)	$ 1.18	$ 0.97	$ (0.05)	$ 1.95

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Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Feb. 29, 2024
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Common stock, shares, outstanding (shares)	29,877,000		29,877,000		25,102,000
Share-based Payment Arrangement
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount	76,068	126,882	70,455	125,793
Convertible Preferred Stock | Series A Preferred Stock
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount			1,600,000

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Disaggregated Sales (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 409,007	$ 398,542	$ 822,215	$ 789,415
Industrial
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	36,691	42,245	76,767	82,889
Consumer
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	31,408	34,673	65,169	70,258
Transportation
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	36,550	35,869	74,913	72,626
Electrical/Utility
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	30,731	25,905	59,346	51,312
Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	40,431	43,043	84,329	89,993
Construction
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 233,196	$ 216,807	$ 461,691	$ 422,337

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Disaggregated Sales - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Feb. 28, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract assets	$ 93,983	$ 79,335	$ 76,800	$ 79,300
Contract liabilities	$ 700	$ 1,000	$ 1,100	$ 1,300

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information - New Cash Provided by Operating Activities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Decrease (increase) in current assets:
Accounts receivable, net	$ (10,813)	$ (13,711)
Other receivables	(7,186)	13,101
Inventories	2,454	7,460
Contract assets	(14,648)	57
Prepaid expenses and other	(6,041)	(2,544)
Increase (decrease) in current liabilities:
Accounts payable	23,269	15,037
Income taxes payable	1,747	(226)
Accrued expenses	2,725	2,211
Changes in current assets and current liabilities	$ (8,493)	$ 21,385

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information - Cash Related to Interest and Income Taxes and Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Activities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]
Cash paid for interest	$ 41,227	$ 51,539
Cash paid for income taxes	13,703	12,930
Accrued dividends on Series A Preferred Stock	0	2,400
Accruals for capital expenditures	$ 5,379	$ 5,579

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Operating segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Feb. 29, 2024	Sep. 30, 2022
Operations and assets by segment
Sales	$ 409,007	$ 398,542	$ 822,215	$ 789,415
Cost of sales	305,493	301,296	616,031	595,150
Gross margin	103,514	97,246	206,184	194,265
Selling, general and administrative	35,868	36,239	68,789	67,762
Operating income (loss)	67,646	61,007	137,395	126,503
Interest expense, net	(21,909)	(27,770)	(44,683)	(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	1,478	974	5,302	2,394
Other (expense) income	417	88	621	50
Income (loss) before income tax	47,632	34,299	98,635	72,471
Income taxes	12,213	5,967	23,614	15,617
Net income from continuing operations	35,419	28,332	75,021	56,854
Assets:	2,240,330		2,240,330		$ 2,195,505
Property, plant and equipment, net	$ 569,732		$ 569,732		541,652
AIS Joint Venture
Operations and assets by segment
Ownership percentage of investment	40.00%		40.00%			40.00%
United States
Operations and assets by segment
Sales	$ 398,658	388,538	$ 801,709	769,860
Property, plant and equipment, net	550,761		550,761		522,693
Canada
Operations and assets by segment
Sales	10,349	10,004	20,506	19,555
Property, plant and equipment, net	18,971		18,971		18,959
Corporate
Operations and assets by segment
Sales	0	0	0	0
Cost of sales	0	0	0	0
Gross margin	0	0	0	0
Selling, general and administrative	22,563	17,148	40,811	34,791
Operating income (loss)	(22,563)	(17,148)	(40,811)	(34,791)
Interest expense, net	(21,909)	(27,770)	(44,683)	(56,476)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	0	0	0	0
Other (expense) income	424	75	572	61
Income (loss) before income tax	(44,048)	(44,843)	(84,922)	(91,206)
Income taxes	12,213	5,967	23,614	15,617
Net income from continuing operations	(56,261)	(50,810)	(108,536)	(106,823)
Assets:	34,273		34,273		43,709
Metal Coatings | Operating Segments
Operations and assets by segment
Sales	171,500	169,837	348,152	338,631
Cost of sales	118,193	119,471	240,929	237,328
Gross margin	53,307	50,366	107,223	101,303
Selling, general and administrative	5,619	5,285	11,602	10,751
Operating income (loss)	47,688	45,081	95,621	90,552
Interest expense, net	0	0	0	0
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	0	0	0	0
Other (expense) income	(7)	13	49	(11)
Income (loss) before income tax	47,681	45,094	95,670	90,541
Assets:	550,394		550,394		553,505
Precoat Metals | Operating Segments
Operations and assets by segment
Sales	237,507	228,705	474,063	450,784
Cost of sales	187,300	181,825	375,102	357,822
Gross margin	50,207	46,880	98,961	92,962
Selling, general and administrative	7,677	7,874	16,338	16,266
Operating income (loss)	42,530	39,006	82,623	76,696
Interest expense, net	0	0	0	0
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	0	0	0	0
Other (expense) income	0	0	0	0
Income (loss) before income tax	42,530	39,006	82,623	76,696
Assets:	1,557,895		1,557,895		1,500,122
Infrastructure Solutions | Operating Segments
Operations and assets by segment
Sales	0	0	0	0
Cost of sales	0	0	0	0
Gross margin	0	0	0	0
Selling, general and administrative	9	5,932	38	5,954
Operating income (loss)	(9)	(5,932)	(38)	(5,954)
Interest expense, net	0	0	0	0
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	1,478	974	5,302	2,394
Other (expense) income	0	0	0	0
Income (loss) before income tax	1,469	$ (4,958)	5,264	$ (3,560)
Assets:	$ 97,768		$ 97,768		$ 98,169

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Investments in Unconsolidated Entity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Feb. 29, 2024	Sep. 30, 2022
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries	$ (1,478)	$ (974)	$ (5,302)	$ (2,394)
AIS Joint Venture
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership percentage of investment	40.00%		40.00%			40.00%
Investment in joint venture	$ 97,768		$ 97,768		$ 98,169
Excess of equity method investment from carrying amount	$ 10,200		10,200
AIS Joint Venture | AZZ Infrastructure Solutions
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries			$ 5,300
AIS Joint Venture | AZZ Infrastructure Solutions | Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Investment in joint venture						$ 97,800

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Investments in Unconsolidated Entities - Schedule of Condensed Balance Sheet For AIS Joint Venture (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024
Assets [Abstract]
Current Assets	$ 401,156	$ 366,999
Total assets	2,240,330	2,195,505
Liabilities [Abstract]
Current liabilities	217,130	194,306
Liabilities	1,240,574	1,261,014
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity	2,240,330	$ 2,195,505
AIS Joint Venture
Assets [Abstract]
Current Assets	281,937
Non-current assets	177,926
Total assets	459,863
Liabilities [Abstract]
Current liabilities	139,333
Non-current liabilities	124,359
Liabilities	263,692
Partners' Capital	196,171
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity	$ 459,863

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Investments in Unconsolidated Entities - Schedule of Condensed Statement of Operations for AIS Joint Venture (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Gross margin	$ 103,514	$ 97,246	$ 206,184	$ 194,265
AIS Joint Venture
Income Statement [Abstract]
Sales			119,584	249,300
Gross margin			27,569	59,086
Net income			$ 2,780	$ 10,955

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Derivative Instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
		Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Sep. 27, 2022
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Reclassification of AOCI, before tax				$ (2,900)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings, net of tax	[1]	$ (1,113)	$ (939)	(2,214)	$ (1,487)
Interest Rate Swap, Portion Of Variable Rate Debt
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate on swap agreement						7.527%
Interest Rate Swap
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Notional amount on swap agreement		$ 539,000		$ 539,000		$ 550,000

[1] (3) Net of tax benefit of ($351) and ($341) for the three months ended August 31,2024 and 2023, respectively. Net of tax benefit of $(699) and $(540)      for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. See Note 8.

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Debt - Schedule of Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt, gross	$ 965,250	$ 1,010,250	$ 1,010,300
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(52,678)	(57,508)
Long-term debt, net	912,572	952,742
Term Loan B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt, gross	890,250	980,250
Line of Credit | Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt, gross	$ 75,000	$ 30,000

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Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands						6 Months Ended	120 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Mar. 20, 2024	Sep. 27, 2022	Aug. 31, 2022	May 13, 2022	Aug. 31, 2024	Mar. 19, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	8.03%					8.03%		8.56%
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 14,300					$ 14,300
Term Loan B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Periodic payments				$ 3,250
2022 Credit Agreement And Term Loan B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total net leverage ratio maximum						450.00%
Note Payable, Floating And Fixed Rate, Maturing Through Fiscal Year 2029
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value of outstanding debt	965,300					$ 965,300
Senior Notes | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Remaining borrowing capacity on line of credit	$ 310,700					310,700
Loans Payable | Term Loan B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount					$ 1,300,000
Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread	2.75%				3.25%
Revolving Credit Facility | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread		2.75%
Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread		3.50%
Revolving Credit Facility | Term Loan B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread		3.25%					3.75%
Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 Credit Agreement And Term Loan B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 890,300				$ 400,000	$ 890,300
Basis spread		3.25%	4.277%
Standby And Commercial Letters Of Credit | 2022 Credit Agreement And Term Loan B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Accordion feature					$ 100,000

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Debt - Interest Expense Disclosure (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Gross Interest expense	$ 23,621	$ 28,298	$ 47,827	$ 57,260
Less: Capitalized interest	1,712	528	3,144	784
Interest expense, net	$ 21,909	$ 27,770	$ 44,683	$ 56,476

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Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative asset	$ 0	$ 3,410
Pension obligation	26,007	31,148
Total Liabilities	26,694	31,148
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Pension obligation	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Pension obligation	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Pension obligation	26,007	31,148
Interest Rate Swap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative asset	0	(3,410)
Derivative liabilities	687	0
Interest Rate Swap | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative asset	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Interest Rate Swap | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative asset	0	(3,410)
Derivative liabilities	687	0
Interest Rate Swap | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative asset	0	0
Derivative liabilities	$ 0	$ 0

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Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Total debt, gross	$ 965,250	$ 1,010,250	$ 1,010,300
Fair value of outstanding debt	$ 972,500		$ 1,010,300

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Leases - Narrative (Details)	Aug. 31, 2024 lease
Leases [Abstract]
Number of operating leases	148
Number of finance leases	55

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Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating right-of-use assets	$ 17,194	$ 19,808
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets
Finance right-of-use assets	$ 4,859	$ 3,931
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets
Operating lease liabilities ― short-term	$ 5,579	$ 5,893
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Lease liability, short-term	Lease liability, short-term
Operating lease liabilities ― long-term	$ 12,284	$ 14,606
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Lease liability, long-term	Lease liability, long-term
Finance lease liabilities ― short-term	$ 995	$ 766
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Lease liability, short-term	Lease liability, short-term
Finance lease liabilities ― long-term	$ 3,979	$ 3,221
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Lease liability, long-term	Lease liability, long-term

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Leases - Lease Details (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Feb. 29, 2024
Lease, Cost [Abstract]
Operating cash flows from operating leases included in lease liabilities	$ 1,794	$ 1,834	$ 3,561	$ 3,654
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - operating	410	373	628	1,895
Decrease in ROU assets related to lease terminations	0	(1,294)	0	(1,302)
Financing cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	236	92	432	162
Operating cash flows from finance leases included in lease liabilities	83	21	151	37
Lease liabilities obtained from new ROU assets - finance leases	$ 1,009	$ 599	$ 1,419	$ 599
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	3 years 9 months 18 days		3 years 9 months 18 days		4 years 1 month 13 days
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	4.62%		4.62%		4.49%
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases	4 years 10 months 2 days		4 years 10 months 2 days		5 years 2 months 15 days
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	7.08%		7.08%		6.70%

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Leases - Classification of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, cost	$ 3,514	$ 3,541	$ 7,006	$ 7,065
Finance lease expense, cost of sales	269	101	492	177
Finance lease expense, interest expense	83	21	151	37
Total financing lease expense	352	122	643	214
Total lease expense	3,866	3,663	7,649	7,279
Cost of sales
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, cost	3,026	3,035
Total lease expense			6,029	6,060
Selling, general and administrative
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, cost	$ 488	$ 506
Total lease expense			$ 977	$ 1,005

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Leases - Lease Maturity (Details) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Operating Leases
2025	$ 3,259
2026	5,912
2027	4,598
2028	2,542
2029	1,918
2030	462
Thereafter	796
Total lease payments	19,487
Less imputed interest	(1,624)
Total	17,863
Finance Leases
2025	665
2026	1,263
2027	1,224
2028	1,137
2029	920
2030	499
Thereafter	170
Total lease payments	5,878
Less imputed interest	(904)
Total	4,974
2025	3,924
2026	7,175
2027	5,822
2028	3,679
2029	2,838
2030	961
Thereafter	966
Total lease payments	25,365
Less imputed interest	(2,528)
Total	$ 22,837

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Leases - Sublease Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Sublease income	$ 254	$ 248	$ 509	$ 488

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Income Taxes - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective income tax rate, continuing operations (percent)	25.60%	23.90%	21.50%

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Mezzanine Equity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	May 09, 2024 USD ($)	Aug. 05, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Aug. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Aug. 31, 2023 USD ($)	May 13, 2024	Feb. 29, 2024 USD ($)
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Plus: Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock			$ 0	$ 0	$ 75,198	$ 0
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $1,000 par, shares authorized 100,000; 240 shares issued and outstanding February 29, 2024; aggregate liquidation preference $312,520 at February 29, 2024			$ 0		0			$ 233,722
Dividends					$ 3,600	$ 7,200
Preferred stock, maximum conversion rate (as a percent)							25.00%
Percentage of common stock price, excess of conversion price (as a percent)							185.00%
Number of trading days							20 days
Net EBITDA ratio			550.00%		550.00%
Acquisition, total consideration, minimum threshold			$ 250,000		$ 250,000
Market capitalization			2,000,000		2,000,000
Acquisition, total consideration, minimum threshold when market capitalization exceeds $2.0 billion			$ 500,000		$ 500,000
Liquidation preference, preferred stock								312,500
Series A Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Payments of Ordinary Dividends, Preferred Stock and Preference Stock	$ (27,100)
Payments for Repurchase of Redeemable Preferred Stock	308,900
Plus: Redemption premium on Series A Preferred Stock	75,200
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $1,000 par, shares authorized 100,000; 240 shares issued and outstanding February 29, 2024; aggregate liquidation preference $312,520 at February 29, 2024	$ 233,700
Aggregate debt amount		$ 240,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 1.00	$ 15.00		$ 15.00
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | shares			240,000		240,000
Dividend rate (as a percent)		6.00%
Minimum conversion threshold (in shares) | shares		1,000
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 58.30
Return factor			1.4		1.4
Increase to return factor, period one			0.15		0.15
Increase to return factor, period two			0.15		0.15
Redemption feature, net debt ratio, threshold			3.5		3.5
Redemption feature, proceeds from disposition of assets, threshold					$ 200,000
Increase to return factor, period three			0.20		0.20
Preferred stock, redemption								$ 312,500

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Equity (Details) - April 2024 Secondary Offering $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	Apr. 30, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Sale of Stock, Number of Shares Issued in Transaction | shares	4.6
Share Price | $ / shares	$ 70.00
Sale of Stock, Consideration Received On Transaction, Gross	$ 322.0
Payments of Stock Issuance Costs	13.3
Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction	$ 308.7

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Equity - AOCI (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning balance	$ 967,232	$ 637,651	$ 700,769	$ 619,738
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	(2,723)	2,665	(787)	247
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(1,113)	(939)	(2,214)	(1,488)
Net change in AOCI	(3,836)	1,726	(3,001)	(1,241)
Balance, ending balance	999,756	664,355	999,756	664,355
Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning balance	(8,053)	(7,552)	(7,628)	(7,571)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	864	18	439	37
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0	0	0
Net change in AOCI	864	18	439	37
Balance, ending balance	(7,189)	(7,534)	(7,189)	(7,534)
Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) for Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Net of Tax
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning balance	1,418	1,112	1,418	0
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	(531)	(2,885)	(531)	(1,773)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0	0	0
Net change in AOCI	(531)	(2,885)	(531)	(1,773)
Balance, ending balance	887	(1,773)	887	(1,773)
Net Actuarial Gain (Loss), Net of Tax
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning balance	(184)	119	(184)	119
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	0	0	0	0
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0	0	0
Net change in AOCI	0	0	0	0
Balance, ending balance	(184)	119	(184)	119
Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning balance	3,652	(1,054)	2,533	2,879
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	(3,062)	5,254	(842)	1,870
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(1,113)	(939)	(2,214)	(1,488)
Net change in AOCI	(4,175)	4,315	(3,056)	382
Balance, ending balance	(523)	3,261	(523)	3,261
Interest Rate Swap, Net of Tax for Unconsolidated Subsidiary
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning balance	108	(165)	(33)	0
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	6	278	147	113
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0	0	0
Net change in AOCI	6	278	147	113
Balance, ending balance	114	113	114	113
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning balance	(3,059)	(7,540)	(3,894)	(4,573)
Balance, ending balance	$ (6,895)	$ (5,814)	$ (6,895)	$ (5,814)

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Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Allocation [Line Items]
Expected return	$ 1,711	$ 1,759	$ 3,414	$ 3,517
Interest costs	(1,491)	(1,488)	(2,975)	(2,975)
Net periodic benefit costs	220	$ 271	439	$ 542
Employer contributions			5,600
Net benefit cost	(2,200)		(2,200)
Precoat Metals Business Division
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Allocation [Line Items]
Accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets	$ 26,000		$ 26,000

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Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands			6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 31, 2024 USD ($)	Oct. 27, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($) a	Feb. 29, 2024 USD ($)
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Amount awarded to other party		$ 5,500
Loss contingency, receivable, current			$ 5,200
Loss contingency accrual			5,250
Environment liability			20,400
Environmental liability, current			$ 2,800
Area of facility (in acres) | a			25
Percent of output under take-or-pay contract			0.75
Unrecorded purchase obligation			$ 124,000
Purchase obligations			35,600	$ 60,800
Capital commitments			27,600
Capital Commitments
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Long-term purchase commitment, amount			$ 17,400
Zinc Contract
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Long-term purchase commitment, amount	$ 37,900
Natural Gas Contract
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Long-term purchase commitment, amount	$ 9,300

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Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions						120 Months Ended
	Sep. 24, 2024	Aug. 31, 2024	Mar. 20, 2024	Sep. 27, 2022	May 13, 2022	Mar. 19, 2024
Revolving Credit Facility
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Basis spread		2.75%			3.25%
Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 Credit Agreement And Term Loan B
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity		$ 890.3			$ 400.0
Basis spread			3.25%	4.277%
Revolving Credit Facility | Term Loan B
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Basis spread			3.25%			3.75%
Subsequent Event | Term Loan B
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Decrease to interest rate margin	0.75%
Subsequent Event | Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 Credit Agreement And Term Loan B
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Basis spread	2.50%