EX-99.1 2 a53738979_ex991.htm EXHIBIT 99.1
Exhibit 99.1



Viad Corp Reports Results for the 2023 Third Quarter

•
Third quarter performance was strong and in line with guidance as demand for international leisure travel and live events grew
•
Pursuit delivered record results with significant margin expansion
•
GES continues to see healthy same-show Exhibition growth and new client wins at Spiro

SCOTTSDALE, November 2, 2023 -- Viad Corp (NYSE: VVI), a leading provider of experiential leisure travel and live events and marketing experiences, today reported results for the 2023 third quarter.
Financial Highlights
   
Three months ended September 30,
  
(in millions)
  
2023
    
2022
    
Change
  
Revenue
  
$
365.9
    
$
382.7
    
$
(16.8
)
Net Income Attributable to Viad
  
$
41.3
    
$
38.1
    
$
3.2
  
Net Income Before Other Items*
  
$
43.3
    
$
43.4
    
$
(0.1
)
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA*
  
$
86.3
    
$
82.0
    
$
4.3
  

•
Net income attributable to Viad of $41.3 million increased $3.2 million. Net income before other items of $43.3 million was essentially flat primarily due to higher Adjusted EBITDA, offset by increased interest expense and income attributable to non-controlling interests.
•
Consolidated adjusted EBITDA* of $86.3 million increased $4.3 million primarily due to strong growth and margin performance at Pursuit.
•
Revenue of $365.9 million decreased $16.8 million primarily due to the timing of major non-annual shows and the sale of our non-core audio visual business, partially offset by strong underlying growth.
* Refer to Table Two of this press release for a discussion and reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
Steve Moster, Viad’s president and chief executive officer, commented, “We delivered strong third quarter results in line with our prior guidance ranges. Pursuit posted record results during our peak summer season and benefited from increased international visitation and solid demand. GES’ results were at the high-end of our guidance ranges and reflect continued strength in live events.”

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Moster continued, “We are thrilled with our year-to-date performance and the continued positive momentum we are experiencing at both Pursuit and GES. We are on track to deliver strong full year growth in 2023 and are very optimistic about our growth prospects for next year.”
Pursuit Results
   
Three months ended September 30,
  
(in millions)
  
2023
    
2022
    
Change
  
Revenue
  
$
186.9
    
$
163.8
    
$
23.1
  
Adjusted EBITDA*
  
$
91.8
    
$
75.1
    
$
16.7
  



* Refer to Table Two of this press release for a discussion and reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
•
Pursuit revenue of $186.9 million increased $23.1 million (14.1%) from the 2022 third quarter primarily due to higher visitation and revenue management efforts to capture higher revenue per guest.
•
Pursuit adjusted EBITDA of $91.8 million improved by $16.7 million from the 2022 third quarter primarily due to higher revenue and improved margin.

Regarding Pursuit’s results, Moster commented, “Pursuit’s revenue and adjusted EBITDA, once again, reached a new all-time high for the quarter, reflecting increased international tourism in Western Canada and Iceland, as well as the strength of our Refresh, Build, Buy growth strategy. The year-over-year revenue flow-through to adjusted EBITDA was exceptionally high and drove significant margin expansion of about 330 basis points over the prior year.”
Moster continued, “We are very pleased with the strong demand for our iconic, unforgettable, and inspiring attractions and hotels. Our attractions posted year-over-year visitation growth of 15% and our hotels achieved a 10% increase in same-store RevPAR compared to the prior year. We remain confident in our ability to drive significant growth at Pursuit, and we are excited about the bright future ahead.”
GES Results
   
Three months ended September 30,
  
(in millions)
  
2023
    
2022
    
Change
  
Revenue
                  
Spiro
  
$
58.9
    
$
73.3
    
$
(14.4
)
GES Exhibitions
    
122.1
      
147.9
      
(25.8
)
Inter-segment Eliminations
    
(2.0
)
    
(2.2
)
    
0.2
  
Total GES
  
$
179.0
    
$
218.9
    
$
(40.0
)
                         
Adjusted EBITDA*
                        
Spiro
  
$
0.8
    
$
4.7
    
$
(3.9
)
GES Exhibitions
    
(2.8
)
    
6.0
      
(8.8
)
Total GES
  
$
(2.0
)
  
$
10.7
    
$
(12.7
)

* Refer to Table Two of this press release for a discussion and reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

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•
Total GES revenue of $179.0 million decreased 18.3% from the 2022 third quarter primarily due to the timing of major non-annual shows and the sale of ON Services, which impacted year-over-year revenue by approximately $64 million, partially offset by strong underlying growth.  Excluding major non-annual shows and ON Services, GES’ revenue grew approximately 16% versus the 2022 third quarter.
•
Total GES adjusted EBITDA of negative $2.0 million decreased by $12.7 million from the 2022 third quarter primarily due to lower revenue.

Regarding GES’ results, Moster commented, “I am very happy with the strong underlying growth we delivered at GES that partially offset the impact of non-annual shows and the sale of ON Services. At Spiro, our existing corporate clients’ spend grew over the prior year, and we continued to win new clients in the large, fragmented experiential marketing sector. GES Exhibitions saw a 14 percent increase in same-show revenue from events produced in the U.S. We are encouraged by the solid momentum, and we remain committed to driving increased profitability and meaningful free cash flow at GES.”
Moster continued, “I am proud of our team’s focus on cost management and execution during this  quarter of slower event activity. Our efforts to lower our cost structure and implement margin enhancing lean initiatives have positioned us well to deliver an Adjusted EBITDA margin of about 7 percent for the 2023 full year, which we expect will grow to more than 8 percent in 2024.”
Cash Flow and Balance Sheet Highlights
Our 2023 third quarter cash flow from operations was approximately $78 million and our capital expenditures totaled approximately $23 million. We paid approximately $2 million in cash dividends on our convertible preferred equity.
We ended the third quarter with total liquidity of $201.3 million, comprising cash and cash equivalents of $106.3 million and $95 million of capacity available on our revolving credit facility ($100 million total facility size, less $5 million in letters of credit). Our debt totaled $477.6 million, including $392 million outstanding on our Term Loan B, financing lease obligations of approximately $64 million (which primarily comprises real estate leases at Pursuit), and approximately $22 million in other debt.
In October, we amended our credit agreement to increase the size of Viad’s revolving credit facility by $70 million and pre-pay $70 million of the outstanding Term Loan B, which carries a credit spread that is 200 basis points higher than the current credit spread on our revolver.  In addition to providing interest savings, this amendment also provides greater balance sheet flexibility to decrease or increase borrowings in both the United States and Canada based on the seasonality of our cash flows and growth investment opportunities.
Moster commented, “We will continue to proactively identify additional opportunities to reduce the cost of our debt. Looking ahead to next year, we expect robust operating cash flow generation from the business that will allow us to reduce our level of debt, while still selectively investing in high-return opportunities to continue scaling Pursuit through our Refresh, Build, Buy growth strategy.”
2023 Outlook
Regarding Viad’s outlook, Moster commented, “We are encouraged by our solid performance year-to-date and anticipate continued strong demand for Pursuit’s leisure travel markets and GES’ live events going forward. Based on this, we have raised the bottom end our full year guidance ranges.”

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Our guidance for Viad consolidated is as follows:
(in millions)
Fourth Quarter
  
Full Year
Viad Consolidated
      
Revenue
$270 to $290
vs. $248.0 in 2022
  
Up high-single digits
vs. $1,127.3 in 2022
Adjusted EBITDA
$2 to $10
vs $(2.0) in 2022
  
$135 to $143
vs. $116.1 in 2022
Cash flow from Operations
$(37) to $(27)
  
$80 to $90
Capital Expenditures
$20 to $25
(including growth
capex of ~$10)
  
$75 to $80
(including growth
capex of ~$40)










Our guidance for Pursuit is as follows:
(in millions)
Fourth Quarter
  
Full Year
      
Key Assumptions
Pursuit
              
Revenue
$35 to $40
  
Up ~15%
   •
Revenue growth in 2023 driven by:
  vs. $34.1 in 2022
  vs. $299.3 in 2022
    o
Lifting of all COVID restrictions at the Canadian border
            o
Acceleration of new experiences
            o
Ongoing focus on improving the guest experience
Adjusted EBITDA
$(10) to $(6)
vs. $(11.3) in 2022
  
$91 to $95
vs. $67.9 in 2022
   •
FY margin expands as visitation increases, the performance of newer experiences improves, and pandemic-era cost pressures ease
               
Our guidance for GES is as follows:
(in millions)
Fourth Quarter
  
Full Year
      
Key Assumptions
GES
              
Revenue
$235 to $250
vs. $213.9 in 2022
  
Up mid-single digits
vs. $828.0 in 2022
   •
FY revenue growth driven by stronger demand for exhibition and event services and new Spiro wins, partially offset by impact of non-annual shows ($30M for FY) and the sale of ON Services ($50M for FY)
            o
Exhibitions same show revenue expected to return to 2019 levels
            o
Spiro clients’ marketing spend expected to be similar to 2022, plus new client wins
Adjusted EBITDA
$16 to $20
vs. $12.7 in 2022
  
$58 to $62
vs. $61.3 in 2022
   •
Higher revenue and restaffing of the workforce from pandemic levels plus select investments in talent and capabilities at Spiro to fuel growth


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Conference Call Details
Management will host a conference call to review third quarter 2023 results on Thursday, November 2, 2023, at 5 p.m. (Eastern Time).
The conference call can be accessed with operator assistance by calling (404) 975-4839 or (833) 470-1428 and entering the access code 648440.
To avoid wait time and bypass speaking with an operator to join the call, participants can pre-register using the following registration link: https://www.netroadshow.com/events/login?show=c5603e16&confId=54687. After registering, a calendar invitation will be sent that includes dial-in information as well as unique codes for entry into the live call. We recommend that you register in advance to ensure access for the full call.
A live audio webcast of the call will also be available in listen-only mode through the "Investors" section of our website. A replay of the webcast will be available on our website shortly after the call and, for a limited time, by calling (929) 458-6194 or (866) 813-9403 and entering the conference ID 679131.
Additionally, we will post a supplemental presentation, containing highlights of our results, trends and outlook, on the “Investors” section of our website prior to the conference call.  We will refer to this presentation during the call.
About Viad
Viad (NYSE: VVI), is a leading global provider of extraordinary experiences, including hospitality and leisure activities, experiential marketing, and live events through two businesses: Pursuit and GES. Our business strategy focuses on delivering extraordinary experiences for our teams, clients and guests, and significant and sustainable growth and above-market returns for our shareholders. Viad is an S&P SmallCap 600 company.
Pursuit is a collection of inspiring and unforgettable travel experiences in Alaska, Nevada, and Montana in the United States, in and around Banff, Jasper, and Vancouver in Canada, and in Reykjavik, Iceland. Pursuit’s collection includes attractions, lodges and hotels, and sightseeing tours that connect guests with iconic places.
GES is a global, full-service live events company offering a comprehensive range of services to the world's leading brands and event organizers through two reportable segments, Spiro and GES Exhibitions. Spiro is an experiential marketing agency that partners with leading brands around the world to manage and elevate their global experiential marketing activities. GES Exhibitions is a global exhibition services company that partners with leading exhibition and conference organizers as a full-service provider of strategic and logistics solutions to manage the complexity of their shows with teams throughout North America, Europe, and the Middle East.
For more information, visit www.viad.com.

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Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains a number of forward-looking statements. Words, and variations of words, such as “will,” “may,” “expect,” “would,” “could,” “might,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “deliver,” “seek,” “aim,” “potential,” “target,” “outlook,” and similar expressions are intended to identify our forward-looking statements. Similarly, statements that describe our business strategy, outlook, objectives, plans, intentions, or goals also are forward-looking statements.  These forward-looking statements are not historical facts and are subject to a host of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements.

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

•
general economic uncertainty in key global markets and a worsening of global economic conditions;
•
travel industry disruptions;
•
the impact of our overall level of indebtedness, as well as our financial flexibility;
•
identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting;
•
seasonality of our businesses;
•
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial condition, liquidity, and cash flow;
•
our ability to anticipate and adjust for new and emerging challenges presented by the ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic on our businesses;
•
unanticipated delays and cost overruns of our capital projects, and our ability to achieve established financial and strategic goals for such projects;
•
our exposure to labor shortages, turnover, and labor cost increases;
•
the importance of key members of our account teams to our business relationships;
•
our ability to manage our business and continue our growth if we lose any of our key personnel;
•
the competitive nature of the industries in which we operate;
•
our dependence on large exhibition event clients;
•
adverse effects of show rotation on our periodic results and operating margins;
•
transportation disruptions and increases in transportation costs;
•
natural disasters, weather conditions, accidents, and other catastrophic events;
•
our exposure to labor cost increases and work stoppages related to unionized employees;
•
our multi-employer pension plan funding obligations;
•
our ability to successfully integrate and achieve established financial and strategic goals from acquisitions;
•
our exposure to cybersecurity attacks and threats;
•
our exposure to currency exchange rate fluctuations;
•
liabilities relating to prior and discontinued operations; and
•
compliance with laws governing the storage, collection, handling, and transfer of personal data and our exposure to legal claims and fines for data breaches or improper handling of such data.

For a more complete discussion of the risks and uncertainties that may affect our business or financial results, please see Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC. We disclaim and do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement in this press release except as required by applicable law or regulation.

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Forward-Looking Non-GAAP Measures
The company has not quantitatively reconciled its guidance for adjusted EBITDA to its respective most comparable GAAP financial measure because certain reconciling items that impact this metric, including provision for income taxes, interest expense, restructuring or impairment charges, acquisition-related costs, and attraction start-up costs have not occurred, are out of the company’s control, or cannot be reasonably predicted. Accordingly, reconciliations to the nearest GAAP financial measure are not available without unreasonable effort. Please note that the unavailable reconciling items could significantly impact the company’s results as reported under GAAP.

Contact
Carrie Long or Michelle Porhola
Investor Relations
(602) 207-2681
ir@viad.com

###
VIAD CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
  
TABLE ONE - QUARTERLY RESULTS
  
(UNAUDITED)
  
                                                 
                                                 
   
Three months ended September 30,
    
Nine months ended September 30,
  
(in thousands, except per share data)
  
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
    
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
  
                                                 
Revenue:
                                                
Pursuit
  
$
186,940
    
$
163,796
    
$
23,144
      
14.1
%
  
$
308,077
    
$
265,179
    
$
42,898
      
16.2
%
GES:
                                                                
Spiro
    
58,887
      
73,277
      
(14,390
)
    
-19.6
%
    
199,617
      
205,518
      
(5,901
)
    
-2.9
%
GES Exhibitions
    
122,115
      
147,872
      
(25,757
)
    
-17.4
%
    
446,146
      
414,303
      
31,843
      
7.7
%
Inter-segment eliminations
    
(2,043
)
    
(2,224
)
    
181
      
8.1
%
    
(6,839
)
    
(5,716
)
    
(1,123
)
    
-19.6
%
Total GES
    
178,959
      
218,925
      
(39,966
)
    
-18.3
%
    
638,924
      
614,105
      
24,819
      
4.0
%
Total revenue
  
$
365,899
    
$
382,721
    
$
(16,822
)
    
-4.4
%
  
$
947,001
    
$
879,284
    
$
67,717
      
7.7
%
                                                                 
Segment operating income (loss):
                                                                
Pursuit
  
$
81,375
    
$
59,749
    
$
21,626
      
36.2
%
  
$
72,074
    
$
44,122
    
$
27,952
      
63.4
%
GES:
                                                                
Spiro
    
179
      
3,720
      
(3,541
)
    
-95.2
%
    
11,632
      
18,328
      
(6,696
)
    
-36.5
%
GES Exhibitions
    
(5,529
)
    
2,870
      
(8,399
)
      **

   
20,235
      
17,788
      
2,447
      
13.8
%
Total GES
    
(5,350
)
    
6,590
      
(11,940
)
      **

   
31,867
      
36,116
      
(4,249
)
    
-11.8
%
Segment operating income
  
$
76,025
    
$
66,339
    
$
9,686
      
14.6
%
  
$
103,941
    
$
80,238
    
$
23,703
      
29.5
%
Corporate eliminations
    
17
      
17
      
-
      
0.0
%
    
49
      
51
      
(2
)
    
-3.9
%
Corporate activities
    
(3,579
)
    
(3,768
)
    
189
      
5.0
%
    
(10,255
)
    
(9,881
)
    
(374
)
    
-3.8
%
ON Services sale purchase price adjustment
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
(204
)
    
-
      
(204
)
      **

Restructuring charges (Note A)
    
(480
)
    
(1,387
)
    
907
      
65.4
%
    
(1,125
)
    
(3,467
)
    
2,342
      
67.6
%
Impairment charges
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
-
      
(583
)
    
583
      
-100.0
%
Other expense, net
    
(554
)
    
(280
)
    
(274
)
    
-97.9
%
    
(1,533
)
    
(1,530
)
    
(3
)
    
-0.2
%
Net interest expense (Note B)
    
(12,476
)
    
(10,252
)
    
(2,224
)
    
-21.7
%
    
(37,081
)
    
(23,890
)
    
(13,191
)
    
-55.2
%
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
    
58,953
      
50,669
      
8,284
      
16.3
%
    
53,792
      
40,938
      
12,854
      
31.4
%
Income tax expense (Note C)
    
(9,173
)
    
(8,810
)
    
(363
)
    
-4.1
%
    
(13,623
)
    
(9,587
)
    
(4,036
)
    
-42.1
%
Income from continuing operations
    
49,780
      
41,859
      
7,921
      
18.9
%
    
40,169
      
31,351
      
8,818
      
28.1
%
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (Note D)
    
(654
)
    
(42
)
    
(612
)
      **

   
(855
)
    
285
      
(1,140
)
      **

Net income
    
49,126
      
41,817
      
7,309
      
17.5
%
    
39,314
      
31,636
      
7,678
      
24.3
%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
    
(7,716
)
    
(3,784
)
    
(3,932
)
      **

   
(8,221
)
    
(3,031
)
    
(5,190
)
      **

Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest
    
(139
)
    
88
      
(227
)
      **

   
270
      
354
      
(84
)
    
-23.7
%
Net income attributable to Viad
  
$
41,271
    
$
38,121
    
$
3,150
      
8.3
%
  
$
31,363
    
$
28,959
    
$
2,404
      
8.3
%
                                                                 
Amounts Attributable to Viad:
                                                                
Income from continuing operations
  
$
41,925
    
$
38,163
    
$
3,762
      
9.9
%
  
$
32,218
    
$
28,674
    
$
3,544
      
12.4
%
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (Note D)
    
(654
)
    
(42
)
    
(612
)
      **

   
(855
)
    
285
      
(1,140
)
      **

Net income
  
$
41,271
    
$
38,121
    
$
3,150
      
8.3
%
  
$
31,363
    
$
28,959
    
$
2,404
      
8.3
%
                                                                 
Income per common share attributable to Viad (Note E):
                                                                
Basic income per common share
  
$
1.43
    
$
1.30
    
$
0.13
      
10.0
%
  
$
0.93
    
$
0.80
    
$
0.13
      
16.3
%
Diluted income per common share
  
$
1.41
    
$
1.29
    
$
0.12
      
9.3
%
  
$
0.92
    
$
0.79
    
$
0.13
      
16.5
%
                                                                 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
                                                                
Basic weighted-average outstanding common shares
    
20,885
      
20,612
      
273
      
1.3
%
    
20,825
      
20,567
      
258
      
1.3
%
Additional dilutive shares related to share-based compensation
    
289
      
277
      
12
      
4.3
%
    
200
      
214
      
(14
)
    
-6.5
%
Diluted weighted-average outstanding common shares
    
21,174
      
20,889
      
285
      
1.4
%
    
21,025
      
20,781
      
244
      
1.2
%
                                                                 
Adjusted EBITDA* by Reportable Segment:
                                                                
Pursuit
  
$
91,788
    
$
75,085
    
$
16,703
      
22.2
%
  
$
100,955
    
$
79,200
    
$
21,755
      
27.5
%
GES:
                                                                
Spiro
    
775
      
4,688
      
(3,913
)
    
-83.5
%
    
13,452
      
21,180
      
(7,728
)
    
-36.5
%
GES Exhibitions
    
(2,779
)
    
5,997
      
(8,776
)
      **

   
28,133
      
27,356
      
777
      
2.8
%
Total GES
    
(2,004
)
    
10,685
      
(12,689
)
      **

   
41,585
      
48,536
      
(6,951
)
    
-14.3
%
Corporate
    
(3,530
)
    
(3,811
)
    
281
      
7.4
%
    
(10,037
)
    
(9,613
)
    
(424
)
    
-4.4
%
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
86,254
    
$
81,959
    
$
4,295
      
5.2
%
  
$
132,503
    
$
118,123
    
$
14,380
      
12.2
%
                                                                 
   
As of September 30,
                                  
Capitalization Data:
    
2023
      
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
                                  
Cash and cash equivalents
  
$
106,268
    
$
79,151
    
$
27,117
      
34.3
%
    
                         
Total debt
    
477,645
      
484,758
      
(7,113
)
    
-1.5
%
            
     
     

Viad shareholders' equity
    
51,750
      
5,316
      
46,434
        **

                               
Non-controlling interests (redeemable and non-redeemable)
    
94,500
      
86,941
      
7,559
      
8.7
%
                                
Convertible Series A Preferred Stock (Note F):
                                                                
Convertible preferred stock (including accumulated dividends paid in kind)***
    
141,827
      
141,827
      
-
      
0.0
%
                                
Equivalent number of common shares
    
6,674
      
6,674
      
-
      
0.0
%
                                

* Refer to Table Two for a discussion and reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
** Change is greater than +/- 100 percent
                              
*** Amount shown excludes transaction costs, which are netted against the value of the preferred shares when presented on Viad's balance sheet.

VIAD CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE ONE - NOTES TO QUARTERLY RESULTS
(UNAUDITED)

(A)
Restructuring Charges – The decrease in restructuring charges during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily related to our 2022 transformation and streamlining efforts at GES to significantly reduce costs and create a lower and more flexible cost structure focused on servicing our more profitable market segments.
                   
(B)
Net Interest Expense – The increase in interest expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to higher interest rates in 2023, and to a lesser extent to a $1.4 million reduction in capitalized interest recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
                   
(C)
Income tax expense – The effective tax rate was 15.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 17.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The effective tax rate was 25.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 23.4% for nine months ended September 30, 2022. The effective rate differed from the 21% federal rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 as a result of excluding the tax benefit in jurisdictions where we have a valuation allowance and the change in income or loss in those jurisdictions.  The effective rate differed from the 21% federal rate for the nine months ended September 20, 2023 and 2022 also as a result of excluding tax benefits in certain jurisdictions, the mix of income or loss by jurisdiction, partially offset by the $2.1 million benefit taken in the first quarter of 2023 on certain separate U.S. state jurisdictions. 
   
(D)
Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations —The loss from discontinued operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to legal matters related to previously sold operations.
                   
(E)
Income (Loss) per Common Share — We apply the two-class method in calculating income (loss) per common share as preferred stock and unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforteitable rights to dividends are considered participating securities. Accordingly, such securities are included in the earnings allocation in calculating income per share.
   
 
Diluted income (loss) per common share is calculated using the more dilutive of the two-class method or as-converted method. The two-class method uses net income (loss) available to common stockholders and assumes conversion of all potential shares other than participating securities. The as-converted method uses net income (loss) available to common shareholders and assumes conversion of all potential shares including participating securities. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding stock options, unvested restricted share units and convertible preferred stock.
   
 
Additionally, the adjustment to the carrying value of redeemable non-controlling interests is reflected in income (loss) per common share.
   
  The components of basic and diluted income (loss) per share are as follows:

   
Three months ended September 30,
    
Nine months ended September 30,
  
(in thousands)
  
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
    
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
  
                                                 
Net income attributable to Viad
  
$
41,271
    
$
38,121
    
$
3,150
      
8.3
%
  
$
31,363
    
$
28,959
    
$
2,404
      
8.3
%
Convertible preferred stock dividends paid in cash
    
(1,950
)
    
(1,950
)
    
-
      
0.0
%
    
(5,850
)
    
(5,850
)
    
-
      
0.0
%
Adjustment to the redemption value of redeemable noncontrolling interest
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
-
      
(763
)
    
763
      
-100.0
%
Undistributed income attributable to Viad
    
39,321
      
36,171
      
3,150
      
8.7
%
    
25,513
      
22,346
      
3,167
      
14.2
%
Less: Allocation to participating securities
    
(9,522
)
    
(9,368
)
    
(154
)
    
-1.6
%
    
(6,194
)
    
(5,991
)
    
(203
)
    
-3.4
%
Net income allocated to Viad common shareholders (basic)
  
$
29,799
    
$
26,803
    
$
2,996
      
11.2
%
  
$
19,319
    
$
16,355
    
$
2,964
      
18.1
%
Add: Allocation to participating securities
    
98
      
94
      
-
      
4.3
%
    
44
      
46
      
-
      
-4.3
%
Net income allocated to Viad common shareholders (diluted)
  
$
29,897
    
$
26,897
    
$
2,996
      
11.2
%
  
$
19,363
    
$
16,401
    
$
2,964
      
18.1
%
                                                                 
Basic weighted-average outstanding common shares
    
20,885
      
20,612
      
273
      
1.3
%
    
20,825
      
20,567
      
258
      
1.3
%
Additional dilutive shares related to share-based compensation
    
289
      
277
      
12
      
4.3
%
    
200
      
214
      
(14
)
    
-6.5
%
Diluted weighted-average outstanding common shares
    
21,174
      
20,889
      
285
      
1.4
%
    
21,025
      
20,781
      
244
      
1.2
%

(F)
Convertible Series A Preferred Stock — On August 5, 2020, we entered into an Investment Agreement with funds managed by private equity firm Crestview Partners, relating to the issuance of 135,000 shares of newly issued Convertible Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $135 million or $1,000 per share. The Convertible Series A Preferred Stock carries a 5.5% cumulative quarterly dividend, which is payable in cash or in-kind at Viad’s option and is convertible into shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $21.25 per share.

VIAD CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE TWO - NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
(UNAUDITED)
 
IMPORTANT DISCLOSURES REGARDING NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
 
This document includes the presentation of "Income (Loss) Before Other Items", "Adjusted EBITDA", "Segment Operating Income (Loss)", and "Adjusted Segment Operating Income (Loss)", which are supplemental to results presented under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies.  These non-GAAP measures are utilized by management to facilitate period-to-period comparisons and analysis of Viad’s operating performance and should be considered in addition to, but not as substitutes for, other similar measures reported in accordance with GAAP.  The use of these non-GAAP financial measures is limited, compared to the GAAP measure of net income attributable to Viad, because they do not consider a variety of items affecting Viad’s consolidated financial performance as reconciled below.  Because these non-GAAP measures do not consider all items affecting Viad’s consolidated financial performance, a user of Viad’s financial information should consider net income attributable to Viad as an important measure of financial performance because it provides a more complete measure of the Company’s performance.
 
Income (Loss) Before Other Items, Segment Operating Income (Loss), and Adjusted Segment Operating Income (Loss) are considered useful operating metrics, in addition to net income attributable to Viad, as potential variations arising from non-operational expenses/income are eliminated, thus resulting in additional measures considered to be indicative of Viad’s performance. Management believes that the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors regarding Viad’s results of operations for trending, analyzing and benchmarking the performance and value of Viad’s business. Management also believes that the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA for acquisitions and other major capital projects enables investors to assess how effectively management is investing capital into major corporate development projects, both from a valuation and return perspective.

   
Three months ended September 30,
    
Nine months ended September 30,
  
(in thousands, except per share data)
  
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
    
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
  
Income before other items:
                                                
Net income attributable to Viad
  
$
41,271
    
$
38,121
    
$
3,150
      
8.3
%
  
$
31,363
    
$
28,959
    
$
2,404
      
8.3
%
(Income) loss from discontinued operations attributable to Viad
    
654
      
42
      
612
        **

   
855
      
(285
)
    
1,140
        **

Income from continuing operations attributable to Viad
    
41,925
      
38,163
      
3,762
      
9.9
%
    
32,218
      
28,674
      
3,544
      
12.4
%
ON Services sale purchase price adjustment, pre-tax
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
204
      
-
      
204
        **

Restructuring charges, pre-tax
    
480
      
1,387
      
(907
)
    
-65.4
%
    
1,125
      
3,467
      
(2,342
)
    
-67.6
%
Impairment charges, pre-tax
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
-
      
583
      
(583
)
    
-100.0
%
Acquisition-related costs and other non-recurring expenses, pre-tax (Note A)
    
924
      
1,454
      
(530
)
    
-36.5
%
    
2,235
      
3,312
      
(1,077
)
    
-32.5
%
Remeasurement of finance lease obligation attributable to Viad, pre-tax (Note B)
    
224
      
2,530
      
(2,306
)
    
-91.1
%
    
(599
)
    
2,530
      
(3,129
)
      **

Tax expense (benefit) on above items
    
(216
)
    
(127
)
    
(89
)
    
-70.1
%
    
93
      
(265
)
    
358
        **

Favorable tax matters
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
(2,103
)
    
-
      
(2,103
)
      **

Income before other items
  
$
43,337
    
$
43,407
    
$
(70
)
    
-0.2
%
  
$
33,173
    
$
38,301
    
$
(5,128
)
    
-13.4
%


The components of income (loss) before other items per share are as follows:

Income (loss) before other items (as reconciled above)
  
$
43,337
    
$
43,407
    
$
(70
)
    
-0.2
%
  
$
33,173
    
$
38,301
    
$
(5,128
)
    
-13.4
%
Convertible preferred stock dividends paid in cash
    
(1,950
)
    
(1,950
)
    
-
      
0.0
%
    
(5,850
)
    
(5,850
)
    
-
      
0.0
%
Undistributed income (loss) before other items attributable to Viad (Note C)
    
41,387
      
41,457
      
(70
)
    
-0.2
%
    
27,323
      
32,451
      
(5,128
)
    
-15.8
%
Less: Allocation to participating securities (Note D)
    
(9,919
)
    
(10,066
)
    
147
      
1.5
%
    
(6,586
)
    
(7,915
)
    
1,329
      
16.8
%
Diluted income (loss) before other items allocated to Viad common shareholders
  
$
31,468
    
$
31,391
    
$
77
      
0.2
%
  
$
20,737
    
$
24,536
    
$
(3,799
)
    
-15.5
%
                                                                 
Diluted weighted-average outstanding common shares
    
21,174
      
20,889
      
285
      
1.4
%
    
21,025
      
20,781
      
244
      
1.2
%
                                                                 
Income (loss) before other items per common share
  
$
1.49
    
$
1.50
    
$
(0.01
)
    
-0.7
%
  
$
0.99
    
$
1.18
    
$
(0.19
)
    
-16.1
%

(A)
Acquisition-related costs and other non-recurring expenses include:

   
Three months ended September 30,
    
Nine months ended September 30,
  
(in thousands)
  
2023
    
2022
    
2023
    
2022
  
Acquisition integration costs - Pursuit1
  
$
-
    
$
17
    
$
30
    
$
136
  
Acquisition transaction-related costs - Pursuit1
    
110
      
834
      
184
      
1,235
  
Acquisition transaction-related costs - Corporate2
    
14
      
(69
)
    
17
      
39
  
Attraction start-up costs1, 3
    
800
      
672
      
1,909
      
1,751
  
Other non-recurring expenses2, 4
    
-
      
-
      
95
      
151
  
Acquisition-related and other non-recurring expenses, pre-tax
  
$
924
    
$
1,454
    
$
2,235
    
$
3,312
  

1 Included in segment operating loss
2 Included in corporate activities
3 Includes costs related to the development of Pursuit's new FlyOver attractions in Chicago and Toronto, and Forest Park Hotel in Canada.
4 Includes non-capitalizable fees and expenses related to Viad’s credit facility refinancing efforts.

(B)
Remeasurement of finance lease obligation attributable to Viad represents the non-cash foreign exchange loss/(gain) included within Cost of Services related to the periodic remeasurement of the Sky Lagoon finance lease obligation that is attributed to Viad’s 51% interest in Sky Lagoon.
   
(C)
We exclude the adjustment to the redemption value of redeemable noncontrolling interest from the calculation of income before other items per share as it is a non-cash adjustment that does not affect net income or loss attributable to Viad.
   
(D)
Preferred stock and unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforteitable rights to dividends are considered participating securities. Accordingly, such securities are included in the earnings allocation in calculating income (loss) before other items per common share unless the effect of such inclusion is anti-dilutive.  The following table provides the share data used for calculating the allocation to participating securities if applicable:

   
Three months ended September 30,
    
Nine months ended September 30,
  
(in thousands)
  
2023
    
2022
    
2023
    
2022
  
Weighted-average outstanding common shares
    
21,174
      
20,889
      
21,025
      
20,781
  
Effect of participating convertible preferred shares (if applicable)
    
6,674
      
6,674
      
6,674
      
6,674
  
Effect of participating non-vested shares (if applicable)
    
-
      
24
      
3
      
30
  
Weighted-average shares including effect of participating interests (if applicable)
    
27,848
      
27,587
      
27,702
      
27,485
  

** Change is greater than +/- 100 percent

VIAD CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
  
TABLE TWO - NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (CONTINUED)
  
(UNAUDITED)
  
                                                 
                                                 
   
Three months ended September 30,
    
Nine months ended September 30,
  
($ in thousands)
  
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
    
2023
    
2022
    
$ Change
    
% Change
  
                                                 
Viad Consolidated:
                                                
Revenue
  
$
365,899
    
$
382,721
    
$
(16,822
)
    
-4.4
%
  
$
947,001
    
$
879,284
    
$
67,717
      
7.7
%
                                                                 
Net income attributable to Viad
  
$
41,271
    
$
38,121
    
$
3,150
      
8.3
%
  
$
31,363
    
$
28,959
    
$
2,404
      
8.3
%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
    
7,716
      
3,784
      
3,932
        **

   
8,221
      
3,031
      
5,190
        **

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest
    
139
      
(88
)
    
227
        **

   
(270
)
    
(354
)
    
84
      
23.7
%
(Income) loss from discontinued operations
    
654
      
42
      
612
        **

   
855
      
(285
)
    
1,140
        **

Net interest expense
    
12,476
      
10,252
      
2,224
      
21.7
%
    
37,081
      
23,890
      
13,191
      
55.2
%
Income tax expense
    
9,173
      
8,810
      
363
      
4.1
%
    
13,623
      
9,587
      
4,036
      
42.1
%
Depreciation and amortization
    
12,428
      
12,956
      
(528
)
    
-4.1
%
    
37,707
      
39,442
      
(1,735
)
    
-4.4
%
ON Services sale purchase price adjustment
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
204
      
-
      
204
        **

Restructuring charges
    
480
      
1,387
      
(907
)
    
-65.4
%
    
1,125
      
3,467
      
(2,342
)
    
-67.6
%
Impairment charges
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
-
      
583
      
(583
)
    
-100.0
%
Other expense
    
554
      
280
      
274
      
97.9
%
    
1,533
      
1,530
      
3
      
0.2
%
Start-up costs (A)
    
800
      
672
      
128
      
19.0
%
    
1,909
      
1,751
      
158
      
9.0
%
Acquisition transaction-related costs
    
124
      
765
      
(641
)
    
-83.8
%
    
201
      
1,274
      
(1,073
)
    
-84.2
%
Integration costs
    
-
      
17
      
(17
)
    
-100.0
%
    
30
      
136
      
(106
)
    
-77.9
%
Other non-recurring expenses
    
-
      
-
      
-
        **

   
95
      
151
      
(56
)
    
-37.1
%
Remeasurement of finance lease obligation (B)
    
439
      
4,961
      
(4,522
)
    
-91.2
%
    
(1,174
)
    
4,961
      
(6,135
)
      **

Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
86,254
    
$
81,959
    
$
4,295
      
5.2
%
  
$
132,503
    
$
118,123
    
$
14,380
      
12.2
%
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interest
    
(11,347
)
    
(8,300
)
    
(3,047
)
    
-36.7
%
    
(14,773
)
    
(10,704
)
    
(4,069
)
    
-38.0
%
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA attributable to Viad
  
$
74,907
    
$
73,659
    
$
1,248
      
1.7
%
  
$
117,730
    
$
107,419
    
$
10,311
      
9.6
%
                                                                 
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA by Business:
                                                                
Pursuit
  
$
91,788
    
$
75,085
    
$
16,703
      
22.2
%
  
$
100,955
    
$
79,200
    
$
21,755
      
27.5
%
Total GES
    
(2,004
)
    
10,685
      
(12,689
)
      **

   
41,585
      
48,536
      
(6,951
)
    
-14.3
%
Total Segment EBITDA
    
89,784
      
85,770
      
4,014
      
4.7
%
    
142,540
      
127,736
      
14,804
      
11.6
%
Corporate EBITDA
    
(3,530
)
    
(3,811
)
    
281
      
7.4
%
    
(10,037
)
    
(9,613
)
    
(424
)
    
-4.4
%
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
86,254
    
$
81,959
    
$
4,295
      
5.2
%
  
$
132,503
    
$
118,123
    
$
14,380
      
12.2
%
                                                                 
                                                                 
Pursuit Adjusted EBITDA:
                                                                
Revenue
  
$
186,940
    
$
163,796
    
$
23,144
      
14.1
%
  
$
308,077
    
$
265,179
    
$
42,898
      
16.2
%
Cost of services and products
    
(105,565
)
    
(104,047
)
    
(1,518
)
    
-1.5
%
    
(236,003
)
    
(221,057
)
    
(14,946
)
    
-6.8
%
Segment operating income
    
81,375
      
59,749
      
21,626
      
36.2
%
    
72,074
      
44,122
      
27,952
      
63.4
%
Depreciation
    
7,708
      
7,501
      
207
      
2.8
%
    
24,121
      
23,149
      
972
      
4.2
%
Amortization
    
1,356
      
1,351
      
5
      
0.4
%
    
3,811
      
3,846
      
(35
)
    
-0.9
%
Start-up costs (A)
    
800
      
672
      
128
      
19.0
%
    
1,909
      
1,751
      
158
      
9.0
%
Acquisition transaction-related costs
    
110
      
834
      
(724
)
    
-86.8
%
    
184
      
1,235
      
(1,051
)
    
-85.1
%
Integration costs
    
-
      
17
      
(17
)
    
-100.0
%
    
30
      
136
      
(106
)
    
-77.9
%
Remeasurement of finance lease obligation (B)
    
439
      
4,961
      
(4,522
)
    
-91.2
%
    
(1,174
)
    
4,961
      
(6,135
)
      **

Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
91,788
    
$
75,085
    
$
16,703
      
22.2
%
  
$
100,955
    
$
79,200
    
$
21,755
      
27.5
%
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interest
    
(11,347
)
    
(8,300
)
    
(3,047
)
    
-36.7
%
    
(14,773
)
    
(10,704
)
    
(4,069
)
    
-38.0
%
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to Viad
  
$
80,441
    
$
66,785
    
$
13,656
      
20.4
%
  
$
86,182
    
$
68,496
    
$
17,686
      
25.8
%
                                                                 
Pursuit Operating margin
    
43.5
%
    
36.5
%
            
7.1
%
    
23.4
%
    
16.6
%
            
6.8
%
Pursuit Adjusted EBITDA margin
    
49.1
%
    
45.8
%
            
3.3
%
    
32.8
%
    
29.9
%
            
2.9
%
                                                                 
                                                                 
Total GES Adjusted EBITDA:
                                                                
Revenue
  
$
178,959
    
$
218,925
    
$
(39,966
)
    
-18.3
%
  
$
638,924
    
$
614,105
    
$
24,819
      
4.0
%
Cost of services and products
    
(184,309
)
    
(212,335
)
    
28,026
      
13.2
%
    
(607,057
)
    
(577,989
)
    
(29,068
)
    
-5.0
%
Segment operating income (loss)
    
(5,350
)
    
6,590
      
(11,940
)
      **

   
31,867
      
36,116
      
(4,249
)
    
-11.8
%
Depreciation
    
2,357
      
2,970
      
(613
)
    
-20.6
%
    
6,775
      
9,112
      
(2,337
)
    
-25.6
%
Amortization
    
989
      
1,125
      
(136
)
    
-12.1
%
    
2,943
      
3,308
      
(365
)
    
-11.0
%
Total GES Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
(2,004
)
  
$
10,685
    
$
(12,689
)
      **

 
$
41,585
    
$
48,536
    
$
(6,951
)
    
-14.3
%
                                                                 
Total GES Operating margin
    
-3.0
%
    
3.0
%
            
-6.0
%
    
5.0
%
    
5.9
%
            
-0.9
%
Total GES Adjusted EBITDA margin
    
-1.1
%
    
4.9
%
            
-6.0
%
    
6.5
%
    
7.9
%
            
-1.4
%
                                                                 
GES Adjusted EBITDA by Reportable Segment:
                                                                
Spiro
  
$
775
    
$
4,688
    
$
(3,913
)
    
-83.5
%
  
$
13,452
    
$
21,180
    
$
(7,728
)
    
-36.5
%
GES Exhibitions
    
(2,779
)
    
5,997
      
(8,776
)
      **

   
28,133
      
27,356
      
777
      
2.8
%
Total GES
  
$
(2,004
)
  
$
10,685
    
$
(12,689
)
      **

 
$
41,585
    
$
48,536
    
$
(6,951
)
    
-14.3
%
                                                                 
Spiro Revenue
  
$
58,887
    
$
73,277
    
$
(14,390
)
    
-19.6
%
  
$
199,617
    
$
205,518
    
$
(5,901
)
    
-2.9
%
                                                                 
Spiro Adjusted EBITDA Margin
    
1.3
%
    
6.4
%
            
-5.1
%
    
6.7
%
    
10.3
%
            
-3.6
%
                                                                 
GES Exhibitions Revenue
  
$
122,115
    
$
147,872
    
$
(25,757
)
    
-17.4
%
  
$
446,146
    
$
414,303
    
$
31,843
      
7.7
%
                                                                 
GES Exhibitions Adjusted EBITDA Margin
    
-2.3
%
    
4.1
%
            
-6.3
%
    
6.3
%
    
6.6
%
            
-0.3
%

(A) Includes costs related to the development of Pursuit's new FlyOver attractions in Chicago and Toronto, and Forest Park Hotel in Canada.
(B) Remeasurement of finance lease obligation represents the non-cash foreign exchange loss/(gain) included within Cost of Services related to the periodic remeasurement of the Sky Lagoon finance lease obligation.

VIAD CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
  
TABLE TWO - NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (CONTINUED)
  
(UNAUDITED)
  
                               
                               
The following table provides 2022 revenue and Adjusted EBITDA, along with reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA to the nearest GAAP measure, net income attributable to Viad.
  
                               
   
2022
  
($ in thousands)
  
First Quarter
    
Second Quarter
    
Third Quarter
    
Fourth Quarter
    
Full Year
  
                               
Viad Consolidated:
                              
Net income (loss) attributable to Viad
  
$
(29,001
)
  
$
19,839
    
$
38,121
    
$
(5,739
)
  
$
23,220
  
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest
    
(1,204
)
    
451
      
3,784
      
(708
)
    
2,323
  
Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest
    
(138
)
    
(128
)
    
(88
)
    
(394
)
    
(748
)
(Income) loss from discontinued operations
    
(275
)
    
(52
)
    
42
      
137
      
(148
)
Net interest expense
    
5,877
      
7,761
      
10,252
      
11,001
      
34,891
  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    
(2,582
)
    
3,359
      
8,810
      
386
      
9,973
  
Depreciation and amortization
    
13,279
      
13,207
      
12,956
      
13,041
      
52,483
  
Gain on sale of ON Services
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
(19,637
)
    
(19,637
)
Restructuring charges (recoveries)
    
654
      
1,426
      
1,387
      
(408
)
    
3,059
  
Impairment charges
    
583
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
583
  
Other expense
    
638
      
612
      
280
      
547
      
2,077
  
Start-up costs (A)
    
431
      
648
      
672
      
418
      
2,169
  
Acquisition transaction-related costs
    
418
      
91
      
765
      
53
      
1,327
  
Integration costs
    
-
      
119
      
17
      
101
      
237
  
Remeasurement of finance lease obligation (B)
    
-
      
-
      
4,961
      
(804
)
    
4,157
  
Other non-recurring expenses (C)
    
8
      
143
      
-
      
-
      
151
  
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
(11,312
)
  
$
47,476
    
$
81,959
    
$
(2,006
)
  
$
116,117
  
                                         
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA by Business:
                                        
Pursuit
  
$
(11,498
)
  
$
15,613
    
$
75,085
    
$
(11,251
)
  
$
67,949
  
Total GES
    
2,720
      
35,131
      
10,685
      
12,721
      
61,257
  
Total Segment EBITDA
    
(8,778
)
    
50,744
      
85,770
      
1,470
      
129,206
  
Corporate EBITDA
    
(2,534
)
    
(3,268
)
    
(3,811
)
    
(3,476
)
    
(13,089
)
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
(11,312
)
  
$
47,476
    
$
81,959
    
$
(2,006
)
  
$
116,117
  
                                         
                                         
Pursuit Adjusted EBITDA:
                                        
Revenue
  
$
23,784
    
$
77,599
    
$
163,796
    
$
34,148
    
$
299,327
  
Cost of services and products
    
(44,982
)
    
(72,028
)
    
(104,047
)
    
(54,239
)
    
(275,296
)
Segment operating income (loss)
    
(21,198
)
    
5,571
      
59,749
      
(20,091
)
    
24,031
  
Depreciation
    
7,782
      
7,866
      
7,501
      
7,926
      
31,075
  
Amortization
    
1,179
      
1,316
      
1,351
      
1,175
      
5,021
  
Start-up costs (A)
    
431
      
648
      
672
      
418
      
2,169
  
Acquisition transaction-related costs
    
308
      
93
      
834
      
24
      
1,259
  
Integration costs
    
-
      
119
      
17
      
101
      
237
  
Remeasurement of finance lease obligation (B)
    
-
      
-
      
4,961
      
(804
)
    
4,157
  
Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
(11,498
)
  
$
15,613
    
$
75,085
    
$
(11,251
)
  
$
67,949
  
                                         
Pursuit Operating margin
    
-89.1
%
    
7.2
%
    
36.5
%
    
-58.8
%
    
8.0
%
Pursuit Adjusted EBITDA margin
    
-48.3
%
    
20.1
%
    
45.8
%
    
-32.9
%
    
22.7
%
                                         
                                         
Total GES Adjusted EBITDA:
                                        
Revenue
  
$
153,576
    
$
241,604
    
$
218,925
    
$
213,879
    
$
827,984
  
Cost of services and products
    
(155,170
)
    
(210,484
)
    
(212,335
)
    
(205,082
)
    
(783,071
)
Segment operating income (loss)
    
(1,594
)
    
31,120
      
6,590
      
8,797
      
44,913
  
Depreciation
    
3,220
      
2,922
      
2,970
      
2,802
      
11,914
  
Amortization
    
1,094
      
1,089
      
1,125
      
1,122
      
4,430
  
Total GES Adjusted EBITDA
  
$
2,720
    
$
35,131
    
$
10,685
    
$
12,721
    
$
61,257
  
                                         
Total GES Operating margin
    
-1.0
%
    
12.9
%
    
3.0
%
    
4.1
%
    
5.4
%
Total GES Adjusted EBITDA margin
    
1.8
%
    
14.5
%
    
4.9
%
    
5.9
%
    
7.4
%
                                         
GES Adjusted EBITDA by Reportable Segment:
                                        
Spiro
  
$
742
    
$
15,750
    
$
4,688
    
$
5,795
    
$
26,975
  
GES Exhibitions
    
1,978
      
19,381
      
5,997
      
6,926
      
34,282
  
Total GES
  
$
2,720
    
$
35,131
    
$
10,685
    
$
12,721
    
$
61,257
  
                                         
Spiro Revenue
  
$
42,816
    
$
89,425
    
$
73,277
    
$
72,123
    
$
277,641
  
                                         
Spiro Adjusted EBITDA Margin
    
1.7
%
    
17.6
%
    
6.4
%
    
8.0
%
    
9.7
%
                                         
GES Exhibitions Revenue
  
$
111,831
    
$
154,600
    
$
147,872
    
$
143,577
    
$
557,880
  
                                         
GES Exhibitions Adjusted EBITDA Margin
    
1.8
%
    
12.5
%
    
4.1
%
    
4.8
%
    
6.1
%

(A) Includes costs related to the development of Pursuit's new FlyOver attractions in Chicago and Toronto, and Forest Park Hotel in Canada.
(B) Remeasurement of finance lease obligation represents the non-cash foreign exchange loss/(gain) included within Cost of Services related to the periodic remeasurement of the Sky Lagoon finance lease obligation.
(C) Includes non-capitalizable fees and expenses related to Viad’s credit facility refinancing efforts.