EX-99.1 2 ex_845521.htm EXHIBIT 99.1 ex_845521.htm

Exhibit 99.1

 

For further information contact:

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Nathan Elwell

Vice President of Investor Relations

847-530-0249

investorrelations@douglasdynamics.com

DOUGLAS DYNAMICS REPORTS SECOND QUARTER 2025 RESULTS

Work Truck Solutions Delivers Another Record Quarter;

Raises and Narrows 2025 Guidance Ranges

 

Second Quarter 2025 Highlights*:

 

Consolidated Net income improved by 6.6% to $26.0 million, or $1.09 per diluted share

 

Solutions segment delivered record second quarter results with 5.4% Net Sales growth, and 39.8% Adjusted EBITDA growth

 

Pre-season demand and shipments at Attachments proceeding as expected

 

Returned approximately $13 million of cash to shareholders

*All comparisons are to second quarter 2024 financials

 

August 4, 2025 Milwaukee, Wisconsin Douglas Dynamics, Inc. (NYSE: PLOW), North America’s premier manufacturer and upfitter of work truck attachments and equipment, today announced financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2025. Unless otherwise stated, all comparisons are between the second quarters of 2025 and 2024.

 

“We take great pride in the fact that strong execution, unwavering dedication, and market leading innovation remain defining hallmarks of our company,” commented Mark Van Genderen, President and CEO. “Today, we are focused on optimizing our current business while pursuing growth opportunities to expand our offering. Our team delivered excellent results this quarter, and we believe we are in a great position to execute on our plans in the second half of the year and beyond.”

 

Consolidated Second Quarter 2025 Results

 

 

$ in millions

(except Margins & EPS)

Q2 2025

Q2 2024

Net Sales

$194.3

$199.9

Gross Profit Margin

31.0%

30.7%

Income from Operations

$37.0

$36.3

Net Income

$26.0

$24.3

Diluted EPS

$1.09

$1.02

Adjusted EBITDA

$42.6

$43.7

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

21.9%

21.9%

Adjusted Net Income

$27.2

$26.5

Adjusted Diluted EPS

$1.14

$1.11

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 2

 

 

Consolidated results for the second quarter 2025 were comparable to the same period last year across all metrics, favorably impacted by results at Work Truck Solutions, which offset the expected lower volumes at Work Truck Attachments related to the timing of pre-season shipments.

 

Net sales were $194.3 million for the quarter, a decrease of 2.8% when compared to the prior year, as a result of expected lower volumes at Attachments, related to the timing of pre-season shipments between the second and third quarters.

 

Net income for the quarter was $26.0 million, or $1.09 per diluted share, an increase of 6.6% and 6.9%, respectively.

 

Adjusted EBITDA margins of 21.9% were flat to last year reflecting the strength of Work Truck Solutions margin improvements offsetting the impact of lower preseason shipments in Work Truck Attachments.

 

Work Truck Attachments Segment Second Quarter 2025 Results

 

“We are pleased that our pre-season period at Attachments is proceeding as we generally expected. We believe our operational excellence and ongoing cost control efforts will allow us to rapidly respond to evolving market conditions later this year and maximize our performance,” Van Genderen explained.

 

$ in millions

(except Adjusted EBITDA Margin)

Q2 2025

Q2 2024

Net Sales

$108.1

$118.1

Adjusted EBITDA

$31.6

$35.8

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

29.2%

30.3%

 

Net sales of $108.1 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $31.6 million are down $10.0 million and $4.2 million, respectively, both primarily due to the timing of pre-season shipments between the second and third quarters.

Based on second quarter results, the ratio of pre-season shipments in 2025 is expected to be close to the more traditional 55% to 45% split between the second and third quarters. This contrasts to the 2024 pre-season which saw an unusual 65% to 35% ratio, as higher than anticipated inventory levels at the company in Q1 2024 led to significantly more Q2 equipment shipments.

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 3

 

Work Truck Solutions Segment Second Quarter 2025 Results

 

“The Solutions team once again delivered exceptional results achieving another record second quarter with significant profit improvement, despite facing tough comparisons to a record-setting quarter last year,” Van Genderen noted. “We remain encouraged by the team’s progress and the strength of our backlog, which continues to be driven by robust municipal demand.”

 

$ in millions

(except Adjusted EBITDA Margin)

Q2 2025

Q2 2024

Net Sales

$86.2

$81.8

Adjusted EBITDA

$11.0

$7.9

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

12.8%

9.7%

 

Work Truck Solutions produced record second quarter top- and bottom-line results.

Net Sales increased 5.4% to $86.2 million based on favorable pricing realization and higher municipal volumes somewhat offset by lower commercial volumes.

Adjusted EBITDA increased 39.8% to $11.0 million, delivering record margins of 12.8%, based on favorable product mix, price realization and higher municipal throughput.

 

Dividend & Liquidity

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities decreased $6.4 million in the first half of 2025 to $12.7 million compared to the same period last year, due to improved earnings somewhat offset by changes in working capital.  

 

Total inventory was $153.3 million compared to $139.4 million. The Attachments segment significantly reduced its inventory over the past year, which was offset by a planned increase in inventory and chassis in the Solutions segment.

 

Capital expenditures increased by $2.4 million in the first half of 2025 compared to 2024 as planned. The company continues to expect 2025 Capital Expenditures to be towards the higher end of the traditional range of 2% to 3% of Net Sales.

 

The leverage ratio at the end of the quarter was 2.0X, a significant improvement when compared to 3.3X, and well within our stated goal range of 1.5X to 3.0X.

 

Successfully returned $12.9 million of cash to shareholders through the payment of a quarterly cash dividend of $0.295 per diluted share and repurchase of approximately 210,000 shares of company stock.

 

2025 Outlook

 

“Following another record quarter for Solutions, and pre-season orders at Attachments being in line with our expectations, we are raising and narrowing our guidance ranges,” explained Sarah Lauber, Executive Vice President and CFO. “Economic and tariff uncertainty persists, but our U.S. centric business model supports our belief that we are well positioned under the circumstances. Solutions maintains a strong backlog and is tracking well to another full year of improved margins. The elongated equipment replacement cycle will continue to have an impact at Attachments, but recent pre-season and dealer inventory data indicate our expectations for 2025 remain on track.”

 

Updated 2025 Outlook

Net Sales are now expected to be between $630 million and $660 million, an increase when compared to the previous range of $610 million to $650 million.

Adjusted EBITDA is now predicted to range from $82 million to $97 million, an increase when compared to the previous range of $75 million to $95 million.

Adjusted Earnings Per Share are expected to be in the range of $1.65 per share to $2.15 per share, an increase when compared to the previous range of $1.30 per share to $2.10 per share.

The effective tax rate is still expected to be approximately 24% to 25%.

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 4

 

The 2025 outlook assumes relatively stable economic and supply chain conditions, and that core markets will experience average snowfall in the fourth quarter of 2025.

 

With respect to the Company’s 2025 guidance, the Company is not able to provide a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP because it does not provide specific guidance for the various extraordinary, nonrecurring, or unusual charges and other certain items. These items have not yet occurred, are out of the Company’s control and/or cannot be reasonably predicted. As a result, reconciliation of the non-GAAP guidance measures to GAAP is not available without unreasonable effort and the Company is unable to address the probable significance of the unavailable information.

 

Earnings Conference Call Information

 

The Company will host a conference call on Tuesday, August 5, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time (9:00 a.m. Central Time). To join the conference call, please dial 1-833-634-5024 domestically, or 1-412-902-4205 internationally.

 

The call will also be available via the Investor Relations section of the Company’s website at www.douglasdynamics.com. For those who cannot listen to the live broadcast, replays will be available for one week following the call.

 

About Douglas Dynamics

 

Home to the most trusted brands in the industry, Douglas Dynamics is North America’s premier manufacturer and up-fitter of commercial work truck attachments and equipment. For more than 75 years, the Company has been innovating products that not only enable people to perform their jobs more efficiently and effectively, but also enable businesses to increase profitability. Through its proprietary Douglas Dynamics Management System (DDMS), the Company is committed to continuous improvement aimed at consistently producing the highest quality products, at industry-leading levels of service and delivery that ultimately drive shareholder value. The Douglas Dynamics portfolio of products and services is separated into two segments: First, the Work Truck Attachments segment, which includes commercial snow and ice control equipment sold under the FISHER®, SNOWEX® and WESTERN® brands. Second, the Work Truck Solutions segment, which includes the up-fit of market leading attachments and storage solutions under the HENDERSON® brand, and the DEJANA® brand and its related sub-brands.

 

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

This press release contains financial information calculated other than in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”).  The non-GAAP measures used in this press release are Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Earnings Per Share, and Free Cash Flow.  The Company believes that these non-GAAP measures are useful to investors and other external users of its consolidated financial statements in evaluating the Company’s operating performance as compared to that of other companies.  Reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the nearest comparable GAAP measures can be found immediately following the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in this press release.

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 5

 

Adjusted EBITDA represents net income before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, as further adjusted for certain charges consisting of unrelated legal and consulting fees, stock-based compensation, severance, restructuring charges, CEO transition costs, debt modification expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, write downs of property, plant and equipment, and impairment charges. The Company uses Adjusted EBITDA in evaluating the Company’s operating performance because it provides the Company and its investors with additional tools to compare its operating performance on a consistent basis by removing the impact of certain items that management believes do not directly reflect the Company’s core operations. The Company’s management also uses Adjusted EBITDA for planning purposes, including the preparation of its annual operating budget and financial projections, and to evaluate the Company’s ability to make certain payments, including dividends, in compliance with its senior credit facilities, which is determined based on a calculation of “Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA” that is substantially similar to Adjusted EBITDA.

 

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Earnings Per Share (calculated on a diluted basis) represents net income and earnings per share (as defined by GAAP), excluding the impact of stock based compensation, severance, restructuring charges, CEO transition costs, debt modification expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, write downs of property, plant and equipment, impairment charges, certain charges related to unrelated legal fees and consulting fees, and adjustments on derivatives not classified as hedges, net of their income tax impact. Adjustments on derivatives not classified as hedges are non-cash and are related to overall financial market conditions; therefore, management believes such costs are unrelated to our business and are not representative of our results.  Management believes that Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Earnings Per Share are useful in assessing the Company’s financial performance by eliminating expenses and income that are not reflective of the underlying business performance.

 

Free Cash Flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that we define as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities less capital expenditures.  Free Cash Flow should be evaluated in addition to, and not considered a substitute for, other financial measures such as Net Income and Net Cash Provided By (Used in) Operating Activities. We believe that free cash flow represents our ability to generate additional cash flow from our business operations.

 

Forward Looking Statements

 

This press release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements include information relating to future events, future financial performance, strategies, expectations, competitive environment, regulation, product demand, the payment of dividends, and availability of financial resources. These statements are often identified by use of words such as "anticipate," "believe," "intend," "estimate," "expect," "continue," "should," "could," "may," "plan," "project," "predict," "will" and similar expressions and include references to assumptions and relate to our future prospects, developments, and business strategies.  Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, weather conditions, particularly lack of or reduced levels of snowfall and the timing of such snowfall, our ability to manage general economic, business and geopolitical conditions, including the impacts of natural disasters, labor strikes, global political instability, adverse developments affecting the banking and financial services industries, pandemics and outbreaks of contagious diseases and other adverse public health developments, increases in the price of steel or other materials, including as a result of tariffs, necessary for the production of our products that cannot be passed on to our distributors, our inability to maintain good relationships with our distributors, our inability to maintain good relationships with the original equipment manufacturers with whom we currently do significant business, lack of available or favorable financing options for our end-users, distributors or customers, increases in the price of fuel or freight, a significant decline in economic conditions, the inability of our suppliers and original equipment manufacturer partners to meet our volume or quality requirements, inaccuracies in our estimates of future demand for our products, our inability to protect or continue to build our intellectual property portfolio, the effects of laws and regulations and their interpretations on our business and financial condition, including policy or regulatory changes related to climate change, our inability to develop new products or improve upon existing products in response to end-user needs, losses due to lawsuits arising out of personal injuries associated with our products, factors that could impact the future declaration and payment of dividends, or our ability to execute repurchases under our stock repurchase program, our inability to effectively manage the use of artificial intelligence, our inability to compete effectively against competition, our inability to successfully implement our new enterprise resource planning system at Dejana, as well as those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and any subsequent Form 10-Q filings. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. In addition, the forward-looking statements in this release speak only as of the date hereof and we undertake no obligation, except as required by law, to update or release any revisions to any forward-looking statement, even if new information becomes available in the future.

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 6

 

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands)

 

 

 

   

June 30,

   

December 31,

 
   

2025

   

2024

 
   

(unaudited)

   

(unaudited)

 
                 

Assets

               

Current assets:

               

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 7,980     $ 5,119  

Accounts receivable, net

    141,167       87,407  

Inventories

    153,286       137,034  

Inventories - truck chassis floor plan

    20,216       2,612  

Prepaid and other current assets

    4,100       6,053  

Total current assets

    326,749       238,225  
                 

Property, plant, and equipment, net

    41,703       41,311  

Goodwill

    113,134       113,134  

Other intangible assets, net

    110,450       113,550  

Operating lease - right of use asset

    66,420       70,801  

Non-qualified benefit plan assets

    11,362       10,482  

Other long-term assets

    1,653       2,480  

Total assets

  $ 671,471     $ 589,983  
                 

Liabilities and stockholders' equity

               

Current liabilities:

               

Accounts payable

  $ 39,613     $ 32,319  

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

    31,026       26,182  

Floor plan obligations

    20,216       2,612  

Operating lease liability - current

    7,268       7,394  

Income taxes payable

    7,130       1,685  

Short term borrowings

    42,000       -  

Current portion of long-term debt

    7,416       -  

Total current liabilities

    154,669       70,192  
                 

Retiree benefits and deferred compensation

    13,515       13,616  

Deferred income taxes

    24,717       24,574  

Long-term debt, less current portion

    138,698       146,679  

Operating lease liability - noncurrent

    60,937       64,785  

Other long-term liabilities

    5,671       5,922  
                 

Total stockholders' equity

    273,264       264,215  

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

  $ 671,471     $ 589,983  

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 7

 

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Income 

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

 

   

Three Month Period Ended

   

Six Month Period Ended

 
   

June 30, 2025

   

June 30, 2024

   

June 30, 2025

   

June 30, 2024

 
   

(unaudited)

   

(unaudited)

 
                                 
                                 

Net sales

  $ 194,327     $ 199,902     $ 309,394     $ 295,557  

Cost of sales

    134,031       138,599       220,959       215,334  

Gross profit

    60,296       61,303       88,435       80,223  
                                 

Selling, general, and administrative expense

    21,751       23,370       45,138       44,858  

Impairment charges

    -       -       -       1,224  

Intangibles amortization

    1,550       1,630       3,100       4,260  
                                 

Income from operations

    36,995       36,303       40,197       29,881  
                                 

Interest expense, net

    (2,973 )     (4,123       (5,357 )     (7,647 )

Debt modification expense

    -       -       (176 )     -  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

    -       -       (156 )     -  

Other expense, net

    123       (53       127       (50 )

Income before taxes

    34,145       32,127       34,635       22,184  
                                 

Income tax expense

    8,191       7,789       8,533       6,198  
                                 

Net income

  $ 25,954     $ 24,338     $ 26,102     $ 15,986  
                                 

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:

                               

Basic

    23,131,151       23,094,047       23,126,379       23,051,708  

Diluted

    23,674,029       23,094,047       23,668,491       23,051,708  
                                 

Earnings per share:

                               

Basic earnings per common share attributable to common shareholders

  $ 1.10     $ 1.03     $ 1.10     $ 0.68  

Earnings per common share assuming dilution attributable to common shareholders

  $ 1.09     $ 1.02     $ 1.09     $ 0.66  

Cash dividends declared and paid per share

  $ 0.30     $ 0.30     $ 0.59     $ 0.59  

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 8

 

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

 

 

   

Six Month Period Ended

 
   

June 30, 2025

   

June 30, 2024

 
   

(unaudited)

 
                 

Operating activities

               

Net income

  $ 26,102     $ 15,986  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:

               

Depreciation and amortization

    7,649       9,752  

Loss on disposal of fixed asset

    --       304  

Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount

    275       349  

Debt modification expense

    176       --  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

    156       --  

Stock-based compensation

    3,704       2,833  

Adjustments on derivatives not designated as hedges

    --       (287 )

Provision for losses on accounts receivable

    315       352  

Deferred income taxes

    143       (244 )

Impairment charges

    --       1,224  

Non-cash lease expense

    4,142       2,714  

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:

               

Accounts receivable

    (54,076 )     (56,790 )

Inventories

    (16,252 )     971  

Prepaid assets, refundable income taxes paid and other assets

    (958 )     885  

Accounts payable

    7,480       (3,311 )

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

    10,201       3,968  

Benefit obligations, long-term liabilities and other

    (1,778 )     2,180  

Net cash used in operating activities

    (12,721 )     (19,114 )
                 

Investing activities

               

Capital expenditures

    (5,126 )     (2,751 )

Net cash used in investing activities

    (5,126 )     (2,751 )
                 

Financing activities

               

Repurchase of common stock

    (6,000 )     --  

Shares withheld on restricted stock vesting paid for employees’ taxes

    (161 )     --  

Payments of financing costs

    (293 )     (279 )

Borrowings on long-term debt

    148,770       --  

Payments on life insurance policy loans

    (119 )     (204 )

Dividends paid

    (13,926 )     (13,612 )

Net revolver borrowings

    42,000       16,000  

Repayment of long-term debt

    (149,563 )     --  

Net cash provided by financing activities

    20,708       1,905  

Change in cash and cash equivalents

    2,861       (19,960 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    5,119       24,156  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $ 7,980     $ 4,196  
                 

Non-cash operating and financing activities

               

Truck chassis inventory acquired through floorplan obligations

  $ 19,249     $ 5,488  

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 9

 

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Segment Disclosures (unaudited)

(In thousands)

 

   

Three Months Ended June 30, 2025

   

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024

   

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025

   

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024

 
                                 

Work Truck Attachments

                               

Net Sales

  $ 108,114     $ 118,137     $ 144,571     $ 141,977  

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 31,570     $ 35,792     $ 31,897     $ 31,324  

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

    29.2 %     30.3 %     22.1 %     22.1 %
                                 

Work Truck Solutions

                               

Net Sales

  $ 86,213     $ 81,765     $ 164,823     $ 153,580  

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 11,047     $ 7,903     $ 20,151     $ 13,905  

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

    12.8 %     9.7 %     12.2 %     9.1 %

 

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation (unaudited)

(In thousands)

 

   

Three month period ended June 30,

   

Six month period ended June 30,

 
   

2025

   

2024

   

2025

   

2024

 
                                 

Net income

  $ 25,954     $ 24,338     $ 26,102     $ 15,986  
                                 

Interest expense - net

    2,973       4,123       5,357       7,647  

Income tax expense

    8,191       7,789       8,533       6,198  

Depreciation expense

    2,276       2,777       4,549       5,492  

Intangibles amortization

    1,550       1,630       3,100       4,260  

EBITDA

    40,944       40,657       47,641       39,583  
                                 

Stock-based compensation

    1,554       2,478       3,704       2,833  

Debt modification expense

    -       -       176       -  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

    -       -       156       -  

Impairment charges (1)

    -       -       -       1,224  

Other charges (2)

    119       560       371       1,589  

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 42,617     $ 43,695     $ 52,048     $ 45,229  

                  

(1) Reflects impairment charges taken on certain internally developed software in the six months ended June 30, 2024.

(2) Reflects unrelated legal, severance, restructuring, and consulting fees, and write downs of property, plant and equipment for the periods presented.

 

 

 

Douglas Dynamics Second Quarter 2025

Page 10

 

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted Net Income (unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

 

   

Three month period ended June 30,

   

Six month period ended June 30,

 
   

2025

   

2024

   

2025

   

2024

 
                                 

Net income

  $ 25,954     $ 24,338     $ 26,102     $ 15,986  

Adjustments:

                               

Stock based compensation

    1,554       2,478       3,704       2,833  

Debt modification expense

    -       -       176       -  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

    -       -       156       -  

Impairment charges (1)

    -       -       -       1,224  

Adjustments on derivative not classified as hedge (2)

    -       (115 )     -       (287 )

Other charges (3)

    119       560       371       1,589  

Tax effect on adjustments

    (418 )     (731 )     (1,102 )     (1,340 )

Adjusted net income

  $ 27,209     $ 26,530     $ 29,407     $ 20,005  
                                 

Weighted average basic common shares outstanding

    23,131,151       23,094,047       23,126,379       23,051,708  

Weighted average common shares outstanding assuming dilution

    23,674,029       23,094,047       23,668,491       23,051,708  
                                 

Adjusted earnings per common share - dilutive

  $ 1.14     $ 1.11     $ 1.23     $ 0.83  
                                 

GAAP diluted earnings per share

  $ 1.09     $ 1.02     $ 1.09     $ 0.66  

Adjustments net of income taxes:

                               
                                 

Stock based compensation

    0.05       0.08       0.11       0.09  

Debt modification expense

    -       -       0.01       -  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

    -       -       0.01       -  

Impairment charges (1)

    -       -       -       0.04  

Adjustments on derivative not classified as hedge (2)

    -       -       -       (0.01 )

Other charges (3)

    -       0.01       0.01       0.05  
                                 

Adjusted diluted earnings per share

  $ 1.14     $ 1.11     $ 1.23     $ 0.83  

                  

(1) Reflects impairment charges taken on certain internally developed software in the six months ended June 30, 2024.     

(2) Reflects non-cash mark-to-market and amortization adjustments on an interest rate swap not classified as a hedge for the periods presented.    

(3) Reflects unrelated legal, severance, restructuring, and consulting fees, and write downs of property, plant and equipment for the periods presented.    

 

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Free Cash Flow reconciliation (unaudited)

(In thousands)

 

   

Three month period ended June 30,

   

Six month period ended June 30,

 
   

2025

   

2024

   

2025

   

2024

 
                                 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

  $ (11,384 )   $ 2,507     $ (12,721 )   $ (19,114 )

Net cash used in investing activities

    (2,965 )     (1,423 )     (5,126 )     (2,751 )

Free cash flow

  $ (14,349 )   $ 1,084     $ (17,847 )   $ (21,865 )