-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, FbznOQl88zj1dAfqFQC9Yd6a5z/LDuulfTRm32js+QKB2dI7yaubU9P4gU8pcwFC I/co7qvDgexgN9Ok0l7PCA== 0000950124-08-001261.txt : 20080317 0000950124-08-001261.hdr.sgml : 20080317 20080317125308 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950124-08-001261 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 10 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20071231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080317 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080317 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: FENTURA FINANCIAL INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000919865 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: STATE COMMERCIAL BANKS [6022] IRS NUMBER: 382806518 STATE OF INCORPORATION: MI FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-23550 FILM NUMBER: 08691974 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 175 NORTH LAROY CITY: FENTON STATE: MI ZIP: 48430-0725 BUSINESS PHONE: 8106292263 10-K 1 k24741e10vk.htm ANNUAL REPORT FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 e10vk
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
     
þ   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the transition period from                     to                     
Commission file number 000-23550
FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Michigan   38-2806518
 
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (IRS Employer Identification No.)
     
175 North Leroy, Fenton, Michigan   48430-0725
     
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (810) 750-8725
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: Common Stock
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one);
Large accelerated filer o      Accelerated filer o      Non-accelerated filer o      Smaller reporting company þ
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
State the aggregate market value of the voting and nonvoting common equity held by nonaffiliates of the registrant computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was sold, or the average bid and asked prices of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second quarter.
Aggregate Market Value as of June 30, 2007: $68,167,544
State the number of shares outstanding of each of issuer’s classes of common equity, as of the latest practicable date. 2,168,007 shares of Common Stock as of March 1, 2008.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Fentura Financial, Inc. Proxy Statement for its annual meeting of shareholders to be held April 22, 2008 and its Rule 14a-3 annual report are incorporated by reference into Parts II and III.
 
 

 


 

Fentura Financial, Inc.
2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K
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 Rule 14a-3 Annual Report to Security Holders
 Code of Ethics
 Subsidiaries of the Registrant
 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 Certificate of President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302
 Certificate of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302
 Certificate of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 .U.S.C. Section 1350

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PART I
ITEM 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
The Company
     Fentura Financial, Inc. (the “Company” or “Fentura”) is a bank holding company headquartered in Fenton, Michigan that owns three subsidiary banks (see “The Banks” below). All information in this Item 1 is as of December 31, 2007. The Company’s subsidiary banks operate 17 community banking offices offering a full range of banking services principally to individuals, small businesses, and government entities throughout mid-Michigan and western Michigan. At the close of business on December 31, 2007, the Company had assets of $628 million, deposits of $545 million, and shareholders’ equity of $49 million. Trust assets under management totaled $164 million.
     Fentura was incorporated in 1987 to serve as the holding company of its sole subsidiary bank, The State Bank (“TSB” or one of the “Banks”). TSB traces its origins to its predecessor, The Commercial Savings Bank of Fenton, which was incorporated in 1898. See “The Banks” below. On March 13, 2000 a second bank subsidiary, Davison State Bank (“DSB” or one of the “Banks”) commenced operation. On March 15, 2004, Fentura acquired West Michigan Community Bank (“WMCB” or one of the “Banks”).
     The Company’s principal executive offices are located at 175 North Leroy, Fenton, Michigan 48430-0725, and its telephone number is (810) 750-8725.
The Banks
     TSB’s original predecessor was incorporated as a state banking corporation under the laws of Michigan on September 16, 1898 under the name “The Commercial Savings Bank of Fenton.” In 1931, it changed its name to State Savings Bank of Fenton, and in 1988 became The State Bank. For over 100 years, TSB has been engaged in the general banking business in the Fenton, Michigan area. TSB is headquarted in Fenton and considers its primary service area to be portions of Genesee, Oakland, and Livingston counties in Michigan. As of December 31, 2007, TSB operated four offices and an operations center in the City of Fenton, Michigan, one office in the City of Linden, Michigan, one office in the Village of Holly, Michigan, three offices in the Township of Grand Blanc, Michigan, and one office in Brighton, Michigan. Its main office is located in downtown Fenton.
     DSB commenced operations on March 13, 2000, and is engaged in the general banking business in the Davison, Michigan area. DSB is headquartered in Davison and considers its primary service area to be portions of Genesee and Lapeer Counties. As of December 31, 2007, DSB operated two offices in the City of Davison, Michigan.
     Fentura acquired West Michigan Community Bank on March 15, 2004. WMCB is engaged in the general banking business in Hudsonville, Michigan, and other portions of Ottawa County and western Kent County, Michigan. WMCB is headquartered in Hudsonville and considers its primary service areas to be portions of Kent and Ottawa counties. As of December 31, 2007, WMCB operated two offices in the City of Hudsonville, Michigan, one office in the City of Jenison, Michigan, and two offices in the City of Holland, Michigan.
     All of the Banks are community-oriented providers of financial services engaged in the business of general commercial banking. Their activities include investing in state and federal securities, accepting demand deposits, savings and other time deposits, extending retail, commercial, consumer and real estate loans to individuals and businesses, providing safe deposit boxes and credit card services, transmitting funds and providing other services generally associated with full service commercial banking. Lending is focused on individuals and small businesses in the local markets served by the Banks. In addition, TSB and WMCB operate trust departments offering a full range of fiduciary services.

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     All three banks are state banks, chartered under the Michigan Banking Code. None are members of the Federal Reserve, but the deposits of each are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”). See “Supervision and Regulation” below.
     As of December 31, 2007, TSB employed 116 full time personnel, including 49 officers, and an additional 45 part time employees; DSB employed 12 full time personnel, including 4 officers, and an additional 8 part time employees; WMCB employed 41 full time personnel, including 17 officers, and an additional 14 part time employees. All Banks consider their employee relations to be excellent.
Competition
     The financial services industry is highly competitive. The Banks compete with other commercial banks, many of which are subsidiaries of bank holding companies, for loans, deposits, trust accounts, and other business on the basis of interest rates, fees, convenience and quality of service. The Banks also compete with a variety of other financial services organizations including savings and loan associations, finance companies, mortgage banking companies, brokerage firms, credit unions and other financial organizations. Many of the Banks’ competitors have substantially greater resources than the Banks.
Supervision and Regulation
     The following is a summary of certain statutes and regulations affecting the Company and the Banks. This summary is qualified in its entirety by such statutes and regulations. A change in applicable laws or regulations may have a material effect on the Company, the Banks and the business of the Company and the Banks.
General
     Financial institutions and their holding companies are extensively regulated under federal and state law. Consequently, the growth and earnings performance of the Company and the Banks can be affected not only by management decisions and general economic conditions, but also by the statutes administered by, and the regulations and policies of, various governmental regulatory authorities. Those authorities include, but are not limited to, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”), the FDIC, the Commissioner of the Michigan Office of Financial and Insurance Services (“Commissioner”), the Internal Revenue Service, and state taxing authorities. The effect of such statutes, regulations and policies can be significant, and cannot be predicted with a high degree of certainty.
     Federal and state laws and regulations generally applicable to financial institutions and their holding companies regulate, among other things, the scope of business, investments, reserves against deposits, capital levels relative to operations, lending activities and practices, the nature and amount of collateral for loans, the establishment of branches, mergers, consolidations and dividends. The system of supervision and regulation applicable to the Company and the Banks establishes a comprehensive framework for their respective operations and is intended primarily for the protection of the FDIC’s deposit insurance funds, the depositors of the Banks, and the public, rather than shareholders of the Banks or the Company.
     Federal law and regulations establish supervisory standards applicable to the lending activities of the Banks, including internal controls, credit underwriting, loan documentation and loan-to-value ratios for loans secured by real property.

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     The Company’s common stock is registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). It is therefore subject to the information, proxy solicitation, insider trading and other restrictions and requirements of the SEC under the Exchange Act. On July 30, 2002, President Bush signed into law the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act provided for numerous changes to the reporting, accounting, corporate governance and business practices of companies as well as financial and other professionals who have involvement with the U.S. public markets.
The Company
     General. The Company, as the sole shareholder of the Banks, is a bank holding company and is registered with, and subject to regulation by, the Federal Reserve Board under the Bank Holding Company Act, as amended (the “BHCA”). Under the BHCA, the Company is subject to periodic examination by the Federal Reserve Board, and is required to file with the Federal Reserve Board periodic reports of its operations and such additional information as the Federal Reserve Board may require.
     In accordance with Federal Reserve Board policy, the Company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to the Banks and to commit resources to support the Banks in circumstances where the Company might not do so absent such policy. In addition, if the Commissioner deems a Bank’s capital to be impaired, the Commissioner may require the Bank to restore its capital by a special assessment upon the Company as the Bank’s sole shareholder. If the Company were to fail to pay any such assessment, the directors of the Bank would be required, under Michigan law, to sell the shares of the Bank’s stock owned by the Company to the highest bidder at either a public or private auction and use the proceeds of the sale to restore the Bank’s capital.
     Investments and Activities. Under the BHCA, a bank holding company must obtain Federal Reserve approval before: (i) acquiring, directly or indirectly, ownership or control of any voting shares of another bank or bank holding company if, after such acquisition, it would own or control more than 5% of such shares (unless it already owns or controls the majority of such shares); (ii) acquiring all or substantially all of the assets of another bank or bank holding company; or (iii) merging or consolidating with another bank holding company. The Federal Reserve may allow a bank holding company to acquire banks located in any state of the United States without regard to geographic restrictions or reciprocity requirements imposed by state law, but subject to certain conditions, including limitations on the aggregate amount of deposits that may be held by the acquiring holding company and all of its insured depository institution affiliates.
     The merger or consolidation of an existing bank subsidiary of the Company with another bank, or the acquisition by such a subsidiary of assets of another bank, or the assumption of liability by such a subsidiary to pay any deposits in another bank, will require the prior written approval of the responsible Federal depository institution regulatory agency under the Bank Merger Act. In addition, in certain such cases an application to, and the prior approval of, the Federal Reserve Board under the BHCA and/or the Commissioner under the Michigan Banking Code, may be required.
     With certain limited exceptions, the BHCA prohibits any bank holding company from engaging, either directly or indirectly through a subsidiary, in any activity other than managing or controlling banks unless the proposed non-banking activity is one that the Federal Reserve Board has determined to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto. Under current Federal Reserve Board regulations, such permissible non-banking activities include such things as mortgage banking, equipment leasing, securities brokerage, and consumer and commercial finance company operations. Well-capitalized and well-managed bank holding companies may engage de novo in certain types of non-banking activities without prior notice to, or approval of, the Federal Reserve Board, provided that written notice of the new activity is given to the Federal Reserve Board within 10 business days after the activity is commenced. If a bank holding company wishes to engage in a non-banking activity by acquiring a going concern, prior notice and/or prior approval will be required, depending upon the activities in which the company to be acquired is engaged, the size of the company to be acquired and the financial and managerial condition of the acquiring bank holding company.

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     A bank holding company whose subsidiary depository institutions all are well-capitalized and well-managed and who have Community Reinvestment Act ratings of at least “satisfactory” may elect to become a financial holding company. A financial holding company is permitted to engage in a broader range of activities than are permitted to bank holding companies.
     Those expanded activities include any activity which the Federal Reserve (in certain instances in consultation with the Department of the Treasury) determines, by order or regulation, to be financial in nature or incidental to such financial activity, or to be complementary to a financial activity and not to pose a substantial risk to the safety or soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally. Such expanded activities include, among others: insuring, guaranteeing, or indemnifying against loss, harm, damage, illness, disability or death, or issuing annuities, and acting as principal, agent, or broker for such purposes; providing financial, investment, or economic advisory services, including advising a mutual fund; and underwriting, dealing in, or making a market in securities.
     The BHCA generally does not place territorial restrictions on the domestic activities of non-bank subsidiaries of bank or financial holding companies.
     Federal legislation also prohibits the acquisition of control of a bank holding company, such as the Company, by a person or a group of persons acting in concert, without prior notice to the Federal Reserve. Control is defined in certain cases as the acquisition of 10% of the outstanding shares of a bank holding company.
Year-end securities were as follows (in thousands):
Available for Sale
                         
            Gross     Gross  
    Fair     Unrealized     Unrealized  
    Value     Gains     Losses  
2007
                       
U.S. Government and federal agency
  $ 21,152     $ 41     $ (37 )
Mortgage-backed
    40,562       140       (662 )
State and municipal
    6,823       25       (61 )
Equity securities
    3,255       47       (207 )
 
                 
 
  $ 71,792     $ 253     $ (967 )
 
                 
2006
                       
U.S. Government and federal agency
  $ 20,985     $ 0     $ (546 )
Mortgage-backed
    58,499       48       (1,189 )
State and municipal
    9,311       77       (27 )
Equity securities
    2,309       191       (5 )
 
                 
 
  $ 91,104     $ 316     $ (1,767 )
 
                 
2005
                       
U.S. Government and federal agency
  $ 22,886     $ 0     $ (640 )
Mortgage-backed
    68,057       4       (1,481 )
State and municipal
    6,591       59       (47 )
Equity securities
    2,008       100       (2 )
 
                 
 
  $ 99,542     $ 163     $ (2,170 )
 
                 

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Held to Maturity
                                 
            Gross     Gross        
    Amortized     Unrecognized     Unrecognized     Fair  
    Cost     Gains     Losses     Value  
2007
                               
Mortgage-backed
  $ 6     $ 0     $ 0     $ 6  
State and municipal
    8,679       61       (32 )     8,708  
 
                       
 
  $ 8,685     $ 61     $ (32 )   $ 8,714  
 
                       
2006
                               
Mortgage-backed
  $ 9     $ 0     $ 0     $ 9  
State and municipal
    11,890       36       (114 )     11,812  
 
                       
 
  $ 11,899     $ 36     $ (114 )   $ 11,821  
 
                       
2005
                               
Mortgage-backed
  $ 14     $ 1     $ 0     $ 15  
State and municipal
    14,837       46       (226 )     14,657  
 
                       
 
  $ 14,851     $ 47     $ (226 )   $ 14,672  
 
                       
     Capital Requirements. The Federal Reserve Board uses capital adequacy guidelines in its examination and regulation of bank holding companies. If capital falls below minimum guidelines, a bank holding company may, among other things, be denied approval to acquire or establish additional banks or non-bank businesses. These capital guidelines are comparable to those established by the regulatory authorities for the Banks discussed below.
     Dividends. The Company is a corporation separate and distinct from the Banks. Most of the Company’s revenues are received by it in the form of dividends paid by the Banks. Thus, the Company’s ability to pay dividends to its shareholders is indirectly limited by statutory restrictions on the Banks’ ability to pay dividends described below. Further, in a policy statement, the Federal Reserve Board has expressed its view that a bank holding company experiencing earnings weaknesses should not pay cash dividends exceeding its net income or which can only be funded in ways that weaken the bank holding company’s financial health, such as by borrowing. Additionally, the Federal Reserve Board possesses enforcement powers over bank holding companies and their non-bank subsidiaries to prevent or remedy actions that represent unsafe or unsound practices or violations of applicable statutes and regulations. Among these powers is the ability to proscribe the payment of dividends by banks and bank holding companies. Similar enforcement powers over the Banks are possessed by the FDIC. The “prompt corrective action” provisions of federal law and regulation authorizes the Federal Reserve Board to restrict the payment of dividends by the Company for an insured bank which fails to meet specified capital levels.
     In addition to the restrictions on dividends imposed by the Federal Reserve Board, the Michigan Business Corporation Act provides that dividends may be legally declared or paid only if after the distribution a corporation, such as the Company, can pay its debts as they come due in the usual course of business and its total assets equal or exceed the sum of its liabilities plus the amount that would be needed to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of any holders of preferred stock whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution.
The Banks
     General. The Banks are Michigan banking corporations, and their deposit accounts are insured by the deposit insurance fund of the FDIC. As FDIC-insured Michigan chartered banks, the Banks are subject to the examination, supervision, reporting and enforcement requirements of the Commissioner, as the chartering authority for Michigan banks, and the FDIC, as administrator of the deposit insurance fund. These agencies and the federal and state laws applicable to the Banks and their operations, extensively regulate various aspects of the banking business including, among other things, permissible types and amounts of loans, investments and other activities, capital adequacy, branching, interest rates on loans and on deposits, the maintenance of non-interest bearing reserves on deposit accounts, and the safety and soundness of banking practices.

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     Deposit Insurance. As FDIC-insured institutions, the Banks are required to pay deposit insurance premium assessments to the FDIC. Following the adoption of the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005, the FDIC has the opportunity, through its rulemaking authority, to better price deposit insurance for risk than was previously authorized. The FDIC adopted regulations effective January 1, 2007 that create a new system of risk-based assessments. Under the new regulations there are four risk categories, and each insured institution will be assigned to a risk category based on capital levels and supervisory ratings. Well-capitalized institutions with CAMELS composite ratings of 1 or 2 will be placed in Risk Category I while other institutions will be placed in Risk Categories II, III or IV depending on their capital levels and CAMELS composite ratings. The assessment rates may be changed by the FDIC as necessary to maintain the insurance fund at the reserve ratio designated by the FDIC, which currently is 1.25% of insured deposits. The FDIC may set the reserve ratio annually at between 1.15% and 1.50% of insured deposits. The current assessment rates established by the FDIC provide that the highest rated institutions, those in Risk Category I, will pay premiums of between .05% and .07% of deposits and the lowest rated institutions, those in Risk Category IV, will pay premiums of .43% of deposits. Deposit insurance assessments will be collected for a quarter at the end of the next quarter. Assessments will be based on deposit balances at the end of the quarter, except for institutions with $1 billion or more in assets and any institutions that become insured on or after January 1, 2007 which will have their assessment base determined using average daily balances of insured deposits.
     FICO Assessments. The Banks are subject to assessments to cover the payments on outstanding obligations of the Financing Corporation (“FICO”). FICO was created to finance the recapitalization of the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, during the thrift crisis in the 1980s. From now until the maturity of the outstanding FICO obligations in 2019, insured institutions will share the cost of the interest on the FICO bonds on a pro rata basis.
     Commissioner Assessments. Michigan banks are required to pay supervisory fees to the Commissioner to fund the operations of the Commissioner. The amount of supervisory fees paid by a bank is based upon the bank’s total assets, as reported to the Commissioner.
     Capital Requirements. The FDIC has established the following minimum capital standards for state-chartered, FDIC insured non-member banks, such as the Banks: a leverage requirement consisting of a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to total average assets of 3% for the most highly-rated banks with minimum requirements of 4% to 5% for all others, and a risk-based capital requirement consisting of a minimum ratio of total capital to total risk-weighted assets of 8%, at least one-half of which must be Tier 1 capital. Tier 1 capital consists principally of shareholders’ equity. These capital requirements are minimum requirements. Higher capital levels will be required if warranted by the particular circumstances or risk profiles of individual institutions.

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     Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action. Federal law provides the federal banking regulators with broad power to take prompt corrective action to resolve the problems of undercapitalized institutions. The extent of the regulators’ powers depends on whether the institution in question is “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized,” or “critically undercapitalized.” Federal regulations define these capital categories as follows:
             
    Total   Tier 1    
    Risk-Based   Risk-Based    
    Capital Ratio   Capital Ratio   Leverage Ratio
Well capitalized
  10% or above   6% or above   5% or above
Adequately capitalized
  8% or above   4% or above   4% or above
Undercapitalized
  Less than 8%   Less than 4%   Less than 4%
Significantly undercapitalized
  Less than 6%   Less than 3%   Less than 3%
Critically undercapitalized
 
 
  A ratio of tangible
 
          equity to total assets
 
          of 2% or less
     As of December 31, 2007, each of the Banks’ ratios exceeded minimum requirements for the well capitalized category.
     Depending upon the capital category to which an institution is assigned, the regulators’ corrective powers include: requiring the submission of a capital restoration plan; placing limits on asset growth and restrictions on activities; requiring the institution to issue additional capital stock (including additional voting stock) or to be acquired; restricting transactions with affiliates; restricting the interest rate the institution may pay on deposits; ordering a new election of directors of the institution; requiring that senior executive officers or directors be dismissed; prohibiting the institution from accepting deposits from correspondent banks; requiring the institution to divest certain subsidiaries; prohibiting the payment of principal or interest on subordinated debt; and ultimately, appointing a receiver for the institution.
     In general, a depository institution may be reclassified to a lower category than is indicated by its capital levels if the appropriate federal depository institution regulatory agency determines the institution to be otherwise in an unsafe or unsound condition or to be engaged in an unsafe or unsound practice. This could include a failure by the institution, following receipt of a less-than-satisfactory rating on its most recent examination report, to correct the deficiency.
     Dividends. Under Michigan law, the Banks are restricted as to the maximum amount of dividends they may pay on their common stock. The Banks may not pay dividends except out of net income after deducting their losses and bad debts. A Michigan state bank may not declare or pay a dividend unless the bank will have surplus amounting to at least 20% of its capital after the payment of the dividend.
     Federal law generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distribution (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be undercapitalized. The FDIC may prevent an insured bank from paying dividends if the bank is in default of payment of any assessment due to the FDIC. In addition, the FDIC may prohibit the payment of dividends by an insured bank, if such payment is determined, by reason of the financial condition of the bank, to be an unsafe and unsound banking practice.
     Insider Transactions. The Banks are subject to certain restrictions imposed by the Federal Reserve Act on any extensions of credit to the Company or its subsidiaries, on investments in the stock or other securities of the Company or its subsidiaries and the acceptance of the stock or other securities of the Company or its subsidiaries as collateral for loans. Certain limitations and reporting requirements are also placed on extensions of credit by the Banks to their directors and officers, to directors and officers of the Company and its subsidiaries, to principal shareholders of the Company, and to “related interests” of

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such directors, officers and principal shareholders. In addition, federal law and regulations may affect the terms upon which any person becoming a director or officer of the Company or one of its subsidiaries or a principal shareholder of the Company may obtain credit from banks with which the Banks maintain a correspondent relationship.
     Safety and Soundness Standards. The FDIC has adopted guidelines to promote the safety and soundness of federally insured depository institutions. These guidelines establish standards for internal controls, information systems, internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth, compensation, fees and benefits, asset quality and earnings.
     Investments and Other Activities. Under federal law and FDIC regulations, FDIC -insured state banks are prohibited, subject to certain exceptions, from making or retaining equity investments of a type, or in an amount, that are not permissible for a national bank. Federal law, as implemented by FDIC regulations, also prohibits FDIC insured state banks and their subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions, from engaging as principal in any activity that is not permitted for a national bank or its subsidiary, respectively, unless the bank meets, and continues to meet, its minimum regulatory capital requirements and the FDIC determines the activity would not pose a significant risk to the deposit insurance fund. Impermissible investments and activities must be divested or discontinued within certain time frames set by the FDIC in accordance with federal law. These restrictions are not currently expected to have a material impact on the operations of the Banks.
     Federal law also authorizes insured state banks to engage in financial activities, through subsidiaries, similar to the activities permitted for financial holding companies. If a state bank wants to establish a subsidiary engaged in financial activities, it must meet certain criteria, including that it and all of its affiliated insured depository institutions are well-capitalized and have a Community Reinvestment Act rating of at least “satisfactory” and that it is well-managed. There are capital deduction and financial statement requirements and financial and operational safeguards that apply to subsidiaries engaged in financial activities. Such a subsidiary is considered to be an affiliate of the bank and there are limitations on certain transactions between a bank and a subsidiary engaged in financial activities of the same type that apply to transactions with a bank’s holding company and its subsidiaries.
     Consumer Protection Laws. The Banks’ businesses include making a variety of types of loans to individuals. In making these loans, the Banks are subject to State usury and regulatory laws and to various federal statutes, including the privacy of consumer financial information provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and regulations promulgated thereunder, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Truth in Lending Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, and the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, and the regulations promulgated thereunder, which prohibit discrimination, specify disclosures to be made to borrowers regarding credit and settlement costs, and regulate the mortgage loan servicing activities of the Banks, including the maintenance and operation of escrow accounts and the transfer of mortgage loan servicing. In receiving deposits, the Banks are subject to extensive regulation under State and federal law and regulations, including the Truth in Savings Act, the Expedited Funds Availability Act, the Bank Secrecy Act, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. Violation of these laws could result in the imposition of significant damages and fines upon the Bank and its directors and officers.
     Branching Authority. Michigan banks, such as the Banks, have the authority under Michigan law to establish branches in any state, including Michigan, the District of Columbia, a territory or protectorate of the United States or a foreign country, subject to receipt of all required regulatory approvals. Under federal law banks may establish interstate branch networks through merger or consolidation with other banks without regard to whether such activity is contrary to state law. The establishment of de novo interstate branches or the acquisition of individual branches of a bank in another state (rather than the merger or consolidation with an out-of-state bank) is allowed only if specifically authorized by the law of the state where the branch will be established or acquired.
     Michigan law permits both U.S. and non-U.S. banks to establish branch offices in Michigan. The Michigan Banking Code permits, in appropriate circumstances and with the approval of the

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Commissioner, (1) sale by a Michigan bank of branches to an FDIC-insured bank, savings bank or savings and loan association located in a state in which a Michigan bank could purchase branches of the purchasing entity, (2) consolidation of Michigan banks and FDIC-insured banks, savings banks or savings and loan associations located in other states having laws which permit such a consolidation, (3) establishment of branches in Michigan by FDIC-insured banks located in other states, the District of Columbia or U.S. territories or protectorates having laws permitting a Michigan bank to establish a branch in such jurisdiction, and (4) establishment by foreign banks of branches located in Michigan.
ITEM 1A.   Risk Factors.
     You should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with the other information provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
     The Company may need additional capital in the future and adequate financing may not be available to it on acceptable terms, or at all.
     On March 15, 2004, the Company completed its acquisition of West Michigan Community Bank. At the time it was acquired, West Michigan Community Bank was operating under a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the FDIC and the Michigan Office of Financial and Insurance Services. The MOU was lifted in July 2004, and the bank is no longer under special scrutiny by the FDIC or OFIS and is considered well capitalized under federal banking regulations. However, projections for West Michigan Community Bank indicate that it could require capital infusions in the near term to remain a well capitalized bank. The Company raised some capital in 2005 through an offering of its common stock to Michigan residents (resulting in approximately $758,000 of gross proceeds to the Company) and the issuance of $2 million aggregate principal amount of floating rate preferred securities through the Company’s newly-formed, wholly-owned trust, Fentura Financial Capital Trust II. However, additional capital may be required in the future, which may not be available to the Company on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company is unable to obtain the funding it needs, it may be unable to develop its products and services, take advantage of future opportunities, or respond to competitive pressures, which could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition and profitability.
     The Company has credit risk inherent in its asset portfolio, and its allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover actual loan losses.
     The Banks’ loan customers may not repay their loans according to their respective terms, and any collateral securing the payment of these loans may be insufficient to assure repayment. As a result, the Banks may experience significant credit losses which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results.
     To offset this risk, the Company makes various assumptions and judgments about the collectibility of the loan portfolios of the Banks, including the creditworthiness of borrowers and the value of the real estate and other assets that may serve as collateral for the repayment of loans. In determining the size of the allowance for loan losses, the Company relies on its experience and its evaluation of current economic conditions. If its assumptions prove to be incorrect, its current allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover any loan losses inherent in its loan portfolio and adjustments may be necessary to allow for different economic conditions or adverse developments in its loan portfolio. Material additions to the allowance would materially decrease net income.
     In the near term, the Company’s strategy is to continue to expand commercial lending activities in the markets in which its Banks are currently operating. The Company may also pursue opportunities to expand into new markets outside its traditional markets by establishing offices staffed by commercial loan officers who come from other commercial banks in these new markets. The Company cannot be sure that its loan loss experience with any new borrowers in these newer markets will be consistent with its loan loss experience in its traditional markets. Its actual loan loss experience in these markets may cause the Company to increase its reserves.

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     The allowance for loan losses is based upon ranges of estimates and is not intended to imply either limitations on the usage of the allowance or precision of the specific amounts. The Company does not view the allowance for loan losses as being divisible among the various categories of loans. The entire allowance is available to absorb any future losses without regard to the category or categories in which the charged-off loans are classified. In addition, federal and state regulators periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses and may require it to increase the provision for loan losses or recognize additional loan charge-offs. Any increase in the allowance for loan losses or loan charge-offs required by these regulatory agencies could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations and financial condition of the Company.
     The Company has credit risk inherent in its securities portfolio.
     The Company maintains diversified securities portfolios, which include obligations of the U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored agencies as well as securities issued by states and political subdivisions, corporate securities, and mortgage-backed securities. The Company may also invest in capital securities, which include preferred stocks and trust preferred securities. At December 31, 2007, the Company owned (stated at fair value) approximately $6 million of common stock in other entities, which primarily represents its minority investments in five Michigan banks and a 24.99% investment in an Arizona bank.
     The Company seeks to limit credit losses in its securities portfolios by generally purchasing only highly rated securities (rated “A” or higher by a major debt rating agency) or by conducting significant due diligence on the issuer for unrated securities. However, the Company may, in the future, experience losses in its securities portfolio which may be other than temporary in nature and result in charges that could materially adversely affect its results of operations.
     The Company’s mortgage-banking revenues are susceptible to substantial variations dependent largely upon factors that the Company does not control, such as market interest rates.
     The Company’s mortgage-banking revenues are earned in the form of gains on the sale of real estate mortgage loans. The amount of gains realized by the Company primarily depends on the volume of loans the Company sells, which depends on the Company’s ability to originate real estate mortgage loans and the demand for fixed-rate obligations and other loans that are outside of its established interest-rate risk parameters. Net gains on real estate mortgage loans are also dependent upon economic and competitive factors, which are largely outside of the Company’s control, as well as the Company’s ability to effectively manage exposure to changes in interest rates and can often be a volatile part of its overall revenues.
     Fluctuations in interest rates and economic conditions could reduce the Company’s profitability and negatively affect its capital and liquidity.
     The Company realizes income primarily from the difference between interest earned on loans and investments and the interest paid on deposits and borrowings. The Company’s interest income and interest expense are affected by general economic conditions and by the policies of regulatory authorities. While the Company has taken measures intended to manage the risks of operating in a changing interest rate environment, there can be no assurance that these measures will be effective in avoiding undue interest rate risk. The Company expects that it will periodically experience “gaps” in the interest rate sensitivities of its assets and liabilities, meaning that either its interest-bearing liabilities will be more sensitive to changes in market interest rates than its interest-earning assets, or vice versa. In either event, if market interest rates should move contrary to its position, this “gap” will work against it, and its earnings may be negatively affected.

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     The Company is unable to predict fluctuations of market interest rates, which are affected by, among other factors, changes in the following:
    inflation or deflation rates;
 
    levels of business activity;
 
    recession;
 
    unemployment levels;
 
    money supply;
 
    domestic or foreign events; and
 
    instability in domestic and foreign financial markets.
     In addition, substantially all of its loans are to businesses and individuals in mid-Michigan and West Michigan, and any decline in the economy of either of these areas could adversely affect it.
     The Company’s operations may be adversely affected if the Company is unable to secure adequate funding. The Company’s use of wholesale funding sources exposes it to liquidity risk and potential earnings volatility.
     The Company relies on wholesale funding to a modest extent, including its revolving credit facility, Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings, and brokered deposits, to augment its core deposits to fund its business. Because wholesale funding sources are affected by general market conditions, the availability of funding from wholesale lenders may be dependent on the confidence these investors have in the Company’s commercial and consumer finance operations. The continued availability to the Company of these funding sources is uncertain, and it may be difficult to retain or replace brokered deposits at attractive rates as they mature. The Company’s liquidity will be constrained if it is unable to renew its wholesale funding sources or if adequate financing is not available in the future at acceptable rates of interest or at all. The Company may not have sufficient liquidity to continue to fund new loans, and the Company may need to liquidate loans or other assets unexpectedly in order to repay obligations as they mature.
     The Company relies heavily on its management team, and the unexpected loss of key managers may adversely affect its operations.
     The Company’s success to date has been influenced strongly by its ability to attract and to retain senior management experienced in banking and financial services. The ability to retain executive officers and the current management teams of each of its lines of business will continue to be important to successful implementation of its strategies. The Company does not have employment or non-compete agreements with any of these key employees, except that the Company entered into non-compete agreements with each of the directors of West Michigan Financial Corp. in connection with the Company’s acquisition of West Michigan Financial Corp. and its subsidiaries (including West Michigan Community Bank). The unexpected loss of services of any key management personnel, or the inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel in the future, could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business and financial results.
     Competition with other financial institutions could adversely affect the Company’s profitability.
     The Company faces vigorous competition from banks and other financial institutions, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, finance companies, mortgage banking companies, credit unions, and other financial organizations. A number of these banks and other financial institutions have substantially greater resources and lending limits, larger branch systems, and a wider array of banking services. To a limited extent, the Company also competes with other providers of financial services, such as money market mutual funds, brokerage firms, consumer finance companies, and insurance companies, which are not subject to the same degree of regulation as that imposed on the Banks. As a result, these non-bank competitors may have an advantage over the Company in providing certain

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services, and this competition may reduce or limit the Company’s margins on banking services, reduce its market share, and adversely affect its results of operations and financial condition.
     Changes in economic conditions could adversely affect the Company’s loan portfolio.
     The Company’s success depends to a great extent upon general economic conditions. The Company has in general experienced a slowing economy in Michigan since 2001. Unlike larger banks that are more geographically diversified, the Company provides banking services to customers primarily in mid-Michigan and, with the March 2004 acquisition of West Michigan Community Bank, in West Michigan. The Company’s loan portfolio, the ability of the borrowers to repay these loans, and the value of the collateral securing these loans will be impacted by local economic conditions.
     An economic slowdown could have many adverse consequences, including the following:
    Loan delinquencies may increase;
 
    Problem assets and foreclosures may increase;
 
    Demand for the Company’s products and services may decline; and
 
    Collateral for the Company’s loans may decline in value, in turn reducing customers’ borrowing power and reducing the value of assets and collateral associated with existing loans.
     In addition to local economic conditions in Michigan, the Company’s success will also depend in part upon the state of the national economy. A general downturn in the local or national economy may impact the Company’s operations. In addition, the effect of possible future terrorist attacks or war on the Company or the local or national economy cannot be known or predicted.
     The Company may be unable to maintain its historical growth rate, which may adversely impact its results of operations and financial condition.
     To achieve its growth, the Company has opened additional branches and acquired other financial institutions and branches. The Company may be unable to sustain its historical rate of growth or may not even be able to grow at all, and the Company may encounter difficulties obtaining the funding necessary to support its growth. Various factors, such as economic conditions, competition, and regulatory considerations, may impede or prohibit the opening of new branch offices. In addition, the Company may have difficulty identifying suitable financial institutions and other non-banking entities that the Company desires to acquire that are available for sale. Further, its inability to attract and retain experienced bankers may adversely affect its internal growth. A significant decrease in its historical rate of growth may adversely impact its results of operations and financial condition.
     The Company operates in a highly regulated environment and may be adversely affected by changes in federal and local laws and regulations.
     The Company is subject to extensive regulation, supervision, and examination by federal and state banking authorities. Any change in applicable regulations or federal or state legislation could have a substantial impact on it and its Banks and their operations. Additional legislation and regulations may be enacted or adopted in the future that could significantly affect its powers, authority, and operations, which could increase its costs of doing business and, as a result, give an advantage to its competitors who may not be subject to similar legislative and regulatory requirements. Further, regulators have significant discretion and power to prevent or remedy unsafe or unsound practices or violations of laws by banks and bank holding companies in the performance of their supervisory and enforcement duties. The exercise of regulatory power may have a negative impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. The effect of this regulation can be significant and cannot be predicted with a high degree of certainty.

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     The Company may face challenges in managing its operational risks as the Company grows.
     Like other financial services companies, the Company faces a number of operational risks, including the potential for processing errors, internal or external fraud, failure of computer systems, and external events beyond its control such as natural disasters. Acts of fraud are difficult to detect and deter, and the Company cannot assure investors that its risk management procedures and controls will prevent losses from fraudulent activity. The Company’s growth may strain its existing managerial resources and internal monitoring, accounting, and reporting systems.

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     The Company’s ability to pay dividends on its common stock is limited not only by its profitability, but also by bank regulation.
     Most of the Company’s revenues are received in the form of dividends paid to it by its subsidiary Banks. Thus, its ability to pay dividends to the holders of its common stock is indirectly limited by statutory restrictions on the ability of its subsidiary Banks to pay dividends to it. Further, in a policy statement, the Federal Reserve Board has expressed its view that a bank holding company experiencing earnings weaknesses should not pay cash dividends exceeding its net income or that can only be funded in ways that weaken the bank holding company’s financial health, such as by borrowing. In addition, the Federal Reserve Board possesses enforcement powers over bank holding companies and their non-bank subsidiaries to prevent or remedy actions that represent unsafe or unsound practices or violations of applicable statutes and regulations. Among these powers is the ability to proscribe the payment of dividends by banks and bank holding companies. The FDIC has similar enforcement powers over the Company’s subsidiary Banks. Federal law has “prompt corrective action” provisions that authorize the Federal Reserve Board to restrict its payment of dividends for an insured bank that fails to meet specified capital levels.
     In addition to the restrictions on dividends imposed by federal banking regulation, the Michigan Business Corporation Act provides that dividends may be legally declared or paid only if, after the distribution, the Company is able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business and its total assets equal or exceed the sum of its total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of any holders of preferred stock whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the dividend.
     In addition, under Michigan banking laws, the Company’s Banks may not pay dividends except out of net income after deducting their losses and bad debts. Each Bank may not declare or pay a dividend unless it will have surplus amounting to at least 20% of its capital after the payment of the dividend.
     There is only a limited trading market for the Company’s common stock.
     The Company’s common stock is reported on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “FETM.” The development and maintenance of an active trading market depends, however, upon the existence of willing buyers and sellers, the presence of which is beyond the Company’s control or the control of any market maker. Although the Company is publicly traded and files reports with the SEC, the volume of trading activity in its stock is relatively limited. Even if a more active market develops, there can be no assurance that such a market will continue.
ITEM 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments.
     Not applicable.

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ITEM 2.   PROPERTIES
     The Company’s executive offices are located at 175 North Leroy Street, Fenton, Michigan, which is also the main office of The State Bank. The State Bank also has the following community offices (all of which are in Michigan):
    Branch — 15095 Silver Parkway, Fenton (owned)
 
    Branch — 18005 Silver Parkway, Fenton (leased)
 
    Loan Extension Office — 101 North Leroy Street, Fenton (owned)
 
    Branch — 107 Main Street, Linden (owned)
 
    Branch — 4043 Grange Hall Road, Holly (leased)
 
    Branch — 7606 S Saginaw, Grand Blanc (owned)
 
    Branch — 8185 Holly Road, Grand Blanc (leased)
 
    Branch — 1401 E. Hill Road, Grand Blanc (owned)
 
    Branch — 315 E. Grand River Ave, Brighton (leased)
 
    Branch — 134 N. First St, Brighton (owned)
 
    Operations Center — 3202 Owen Road, Fenton (owned)
     Davison State Bank is headquartered in Davison, Michigan, at 625 S. State Street. Davison State Bank also has the following community office (which is in Michigan):
    Branch — 8503 Davison Road, Davison (leased)
     West Michigan Community Bank is headquartered in Hudsonville, Michigan, at 5367 School Avenue. West Michigan Community Bank also has the following community offices (all of which are in Michigan):
    Branch — 3467 Kelly Street, Hudsonville (owned)
 
    Branch — 81 E. 8th Street, Holland (leased)
 
    Branch — 3493 W. Shore Dr, Holland (owned)
 
    Branch — 437 Baldwin Road, Jenison (owned)
     The Company owns the headquarters of each of its three Banks and many of the other bank offices (as noted above). The balance of the bank offices are leased from third parties. All properties have maintenance contracts and are maintained in good condition.
ITEM 3.   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
     From time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various legal proceedings incident to their business. At December 31, 2007, there were no legal proceedings which management anticipates would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
ITEM 4.   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
     No matters were submitted during the fourth quarter of 2007 to a vote of security holders through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise.

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ADDITIONAL ITEM — EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT
     The following information concerning executive officers of the Company has been omitted from the Registrant’s proxy statement pursuant to Instruction 3 to Regulation S-K, Item 401(b).
     Officers of the Company are appointed annually by the Board of Directors of the Company and serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. Certain of the officers named below are appointed annually by the Board of Directors of one or the other of the Banks and serve at the pleasure of the Board of the Bank that appointed them. The Bank officers are included in the listing of executive officers of the Company because of the nature of the office they hold. Information concerning these executive officers is given below:
     Donald L. Grill (age 60) serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Chief Executive Officer of The State Bank since 1996. From 1983 to 1996, Mr. Grill was employed by First of America Bank Corporation and served as President and Chief Executive Officer of First of America Bank — Frankenmuth.
     Robert E. Sewick (age 58) was appointed President and CEO of West Michigan Community Bank on March 15, 2004, and was appointed Senior Vice President of the Company on December 1, 2004. Prior to the appointment, Mr. Sewick was Senior Vice President and Senior Lender of The State Bank. Prior to joining The State Bank in June of 1999, he was Senior Vice President and Regional Credit officer for Huntington National Bank for Western Michigan. Mr, Sewick has over 30 years of banking experience.
     Ronald L. Justice (age 43) is the CEO and President of Davison State Bank and the Secretary and Senior Vice President of the Company. Prior to holding these positions, he served as the CFO of the Company and its subsidiary Banks. Prior to that, Mr. Justice held other positions with The State Bank.
     Dennis E. Leyder (age 54) was appointed Senior Vice President of the Company on December 1, 2004 and was promoted to President and Chief Operating Officer of The State Bank in December 2006. In his new capacity at The State Bank, he is responsible for all retail banking, marketing, trust and investment management. Mr. Leyder has over 24 years of banking experience, all in Genesee County.
     Holly J Pingatore (age 50) was named Senior Vice President of the Company on December 1, 2004. Her responsibilities include data processing, bank operations, product support, and network services. Prior to such appointment, she was Senior Vice President of The State Bank. Prior to joining The State Bank in 1999, Ms. Pingatore served in various capacities at a large Michigan based regional bank.
     Douglas J. Kelley (age 39) was appointed Chief Financial Officer of the Company in 2003 and was appointed Senior Vice President of the Company on December 1, 2004. Prior to being named Chief Financial Officer, he served as Controller and CFO of The State Bank and Davison State Bank since 2001. Prior to joining the Banks, Mr. Kelley was an Assistant Vice President and Accounting Officer with Citizens Bank. Mr. Kelley has over 17 years of banking experience.

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PART II
ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
     The market, dividend, and holders of record information required by this item appears under the caption “Fentura Financial, Inc. Common Stock” and Table 16 on page 58 under the title “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS”, of the Company’s 2007 Rule 14a-3 annual report, and is incorporated herein by reference. The performance graph is incorporated by reference from page 60 of the Company’s 2007 Rule 14a-3 annual report.
     The following table summarizes the repurchase activity of the Corporation’s common stock during the quarter ended December 31, 2007:
                                 
                    Total Number of     Maximum Number of  
            Average     Purchased as     Shares that May Yet  
    Total Number of     Price Paid     Publicly Announced     be Purchased Under  
    Share Purchased     per Share     Plans or Programs     the Program  
October 1-October 31
    0     $ 0.00       0       32,816  
November 1-November 30
    0     $ 0.00       0       32,816  
December 1-December 31
    0     $ 0.00       0       32,816  
Total
    0     $ 0.00       0       32,816  
     The stock was repurchased pursuant to authorization granted by the Corporation’s Board of Directors on March 28, 2007. The authorization allowed the purchase of up to 50,000 shares of the Corporation’s stock until March 28, 2008.
ITEM 6.   SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
     The information required by this item appears under the title “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA”, appearing in Table 1 on page 37 of the Company’s 2007 Rule 14a-3 annual report, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 7.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
     The information required by this item appears under the title “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS”, appearing on pages 37 through 59 of the Company’s 2007 Rule 14a-3 annual report, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
     The information required by this item appears under the headings “Liquidity and Interest Rate Risk Management” on pages 51 and 52, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk” on page 54 and 55 and “Interest Rate Sensitivity Management” on pages 55 and 56 under the title “MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS” of the Company’s 2007 Rule 14a-3 annual report, and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 8.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
               The consolidated financial statements of the Company including the notes thereto and Report of Crowe Chizek and Company LLC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, appear on pages 1 through 36 of the Financial Statements portion of the Company’s 2007 Rule 14a-3 annual report, and are incorporated herein by reference. The supplementary data required by this item is contained in Note 15 thereto.
ITEM 9.   CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
               None
ITEM 9A(T)   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
               The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K Annual Report, have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective to ensure that material information relating to the Company would be made known to them by others within the Company, particularly during the period in which this Form 10-K Annual Report was being prepared.
Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
               Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
The management of Fentura Financial Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Fentura Financial Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Corporation’s financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.
Fentura Financial Inc.’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 based on criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in “Internal Control-Integrated Framework.” Based on that assessment, management determined that, as of December 31, 2007, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting is effective, based on those criteria.
There was no change in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Corporation’s fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2007, that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Corporation’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Corporation’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
ITEM 9B   OTHER INFORMATION
               None

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PART III
ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
               The Company’s executive officers are identified under “Additional Item” in Part I of this Report on Form 10-K. The other information required by this item appears under the captions “2008 Election of Directors,” “The Corporation’s Board of Directors,” “Code of Ethics,” “Committees of the Corporation Board,” and “Compliance with Section 16 Reporting” on pages 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 21, respectively, of the Company’s 2008 Notice of Annual Shareholders Meeting and Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
               The Board of Directors of the Company has determined that Kenneth R. Elston, a director and member of the Audit Committee, qualifies as an “Audit Committee financial expert” as defined in rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and is independent pursuant to NASDAQ listing standards.
               The Board of Directors of the Company has adopted a Code of Ethics, which details principles and responsibilities governing ethical conduct for all Company directors and executive officers. The Code of Ethics is filed as an Exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 11.   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
               The information required by this item appears under the captions “Director Compensation,” “Report of Compensation/ESOP Committee,” “Executive Compensation,” “Payments upon Termination/Change in Control” and “Compensation/ESOP Committee Interlocks,” on pages 9 through 21 of the Company’s 2008 Notice of Annual Shareholders Meeting and Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12.   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
               The information required by this item appears under the caption “Stock Ownership of Directors, Executive Officers and Certain Major Shareholders” on pages 6 and 7 of the Company’s 2008 Notice of Annual Shareholders Meeting and Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
               Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans. The Company had the following equity compensation plans at December 31, 2007:

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EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
                         
                    Number of securities
                    remaining available for
                    future issuance under
                    equity compensation
    Number of securities to   Weighted-average   plans (excluding
    be issued upon exercise   exercise price of   securities reflected
    of outstanding options   outstanding options   in column (1))
Plan Category   (1)   (2)   (3)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
    40,228     $ 29.74       120,400  
     
 
                       
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
    0       0       0  
     
 
                       
Total
    40,228     $ 29.74       120,400  
     
               These equity compensation plans are more fully described in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
ITEM 13.   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
               The information required by this item appears under the captions “Independence of Directors and Attendance at Meetings” and “Other Information — Transactions with Certain Interested Parties” on pages 8 and 22 and 23 respectively, of the Company’s 2008 Notice of Annual Shareholders Meeting and Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14.   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
               The information required by this item appears under the caption “Relationship with Independent Public Accountants” on pages 21 and 22 of the Company’s 2008 Notice of Annual Shareholders Meeting and Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15.   EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)   1. Financial Statements:
The following consolidated financial statements of the Company and Report of Crowe Chizek and Company LLC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, are incorporated by reference under Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this document:
                    Consolidated Balance Sheets
                    Consolidated Statements of Income
                    Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
                    Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
                    Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
                    Notes to the Consolidated Financial statements
                    Report of Crowe Chizek and Company LLC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

22


Table of Contents

  2.   Financial Statement Schedules
All schedules are omitted — see Item 15(c) below.
  3.   Exhibits:
The exhibits listed on the “Exhibit Index” following the signature page of this report are filed herewith and are incorporated herein by reference.
(b)   Exhibits:
The “Exhibit Index” follows the signature page of this report and is incorporated herein by reference.
(c)   Financial Statement Schedules:
All financial statement schedules normally required by Article 9 of Regulation S-X are omitted since they are either not applicable or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

23


Table of Contents

Signatures
     Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, dated March 14, 2008.
             
    Fentura Financial, Inc.    
   
(Registrant)
   
 
           
 
  By   /s/ Donald L. Grill    
 
           
 
      Donald L. Grill    
 
      On behalf of the registrant    
 
      and as President & CEO    
 
           
 
  By   /s/ Douglas J. Kelley    
 
           
 
      Douglas J. Kelley
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
   
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Each director of the Registrant, whose signature appears below, hereby appoints Forrest A. Shook and Donald L. Grill, and each of them severally, as his or her attorney-in-fact, to sign his or her name and on his or her behalf, as a director of the Registrant, and to file with the Commission any and all amendments to this report on Form 10-K.
         
Signature   Capacity   Date
/s/ Forrest A. Shook
 
  Chairman of the Board    March 14, 2008 
Forrest A. Shook
  Director    
 
       
/s/ Donald L. Grill
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Donald L. Grill
       
 
       
/s/ Kenneth R. Elston
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Kenneth R. Elston
       
 
       
/s/ J. David Karr
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
J. David Karr
       
 
       
/s/ Thomas P. McKenney
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Thomas P. McKenney
       
 
       
/s/ Thomas L. Miller
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Thomas L. Miller
       
 
       
/s/ Brian P. Petty
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Brian P. Petty
       
 
       
/s/ Douglas W. Rotman
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Douglas W. Rotman
       
 
       
/s/ Ian W. Schonsheck
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Ian W. Schonsheck
       
 
       
/s/ Sheryl E. Stephens
 
  Director    March 14, 2008 
Sheryl E. Stephens
       

24


Table of Contents

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K
EXHIBIT INDEX
     
Exhibit    
No.   Exhibit
 
2
  Agreement and Plan of Merger By and Among Fentura Financial, Inc., West Michigan Financial Corporation and West Michigan Community Bank dated as of October 14, 2003, and joined in by WMFC Acquisition Subsidiary, Inc. and Amendment No. 1 thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibits 2.1 and 2.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 15, 2004).
 
   
3(i)
  Articles of Incorporation of Fentura Financial, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Form 10-SB Registration Number 0-23550).
 
   
3(ii)
  Bylaws of Fentura Financial, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Form 10-SB Registration Number 0-23550).
 
   
3(iii)
  Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of Fentura Financial, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(iii) to the Form 10-K Filed March 20, 2001).
 
   
3(iv)
  Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of Fentura Financial, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2002).
 
   
4.1
  Amended and Restated Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan (Incorporated by reference to Registration Statement on Form S-3 — Registration No. 333-75194).
 
   
10.1
  Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement with Donald Grill dated March 16, 2007 (Incorporated by reference from Current Report filed on Form 8-K on March 22, 2007).
 
   
10.2
  Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement with Robert Sewick dated March 16, 2007 (Incorporated by reference from Current Report filed on Form 8-K on March 22, 2007).
 
   
10.3
  Severance Compensation Agreement with Donald Grill dated March 16, 2007 (Incorporated by reference from Current Report filed on Form 8-K in March 22, 2007).
 
   
10.4
  Severance Compensation Agreement with Donald Grill dated March 16, 2007 (Incorporated by reference from Current Report filed on Form 8-K in March 22, 2007).
 
   
10.5
  Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Form 10-K SB filed on March 17, 1996).
 
   
10.6
  Form of Non Employee Stock Option Plan Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Form 10-Q SB filed on May 2, 1996)
 
   
10.7
  Retainer Stock Option Plan for Directors (Incorporated by reference to Form 10-K SB filed on March 17, 1996).
 
   
10.8
  Employee Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Form 10-K SB filed on March 17, 1996).
 
   
10.9
  Form of Employee Stock Option Plan Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Form 10-K SB filed on March 17, 1996).

25


Table of Contents

     
Exhibit    
No.   Exhibit
 
10.10
  Stock Purchase Plan between The State Bank and Donald E. Johnson, Jr., Mary Alice J. Heaton, and Linda J. LeMieux dated November 17, 1996 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Form 10-K SB filed March 20, 1997).
 
   
10.11
  Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 Form S-8 filed on August 10, 2004).
 
   
10.12
  Form of Severance Compensation Agreement between the Registrant, The State Bank, and Ronald Justice. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Form 10-K filed March 28, 2005).
 
   
10.13
  Severance Compensation Agreement between the Registrant and Dennis Leyder dated March 9, 2006. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 8-K filed March 10, 2006).
 
   
10.14
  Severance Compensation Agreement between the Registrant and Douglas Kelley dated March 9, 2006. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Form 8-K filed March 10, 2006).
 
   
10.15
  Severance Compensation Agreement between the Registrant and Holly Pingatore dated March 9, 2006. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Form 8-K filed March 10, 2006).
10.16
  Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Form 10-K filed March 28, 2005).
 
   
10.17
  Fentura Bancorp, Inc. Employee Deferred Compensation and Stock Ownership Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Form 10-K filed March 28, 2005).
 
   
10.18
  2006 Executive Stock Bonus Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 Form 8-K filed on December 4, 2006).
 
   
13
  Rule 14a-3 Annual Report to Security Holders (This report, except for those portions which are expressly incorporated by reference in this filing, is furnished for the information of the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not deemed filed as a part of this Report).
 
   
14
  Code of Ethics for Directors and Executive Officers (Filed herewith).
 
   
21.1
  Subsidiaries of the Registrant (Filed herewith).
 
   
23.1
  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Filed herewith).
 
   
24
  Powers of Attorney. Contained on the signature page of this report.
 
   
31.1
  Certificate of President and Chief Executive Officer of Fentura Financial, Inc. pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
31.2
  Certificate of Chief Financial Officer of Fentura Financial, Inc. pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
32.1
  Certificate of Chief Executive Office and Chief Financial Officer of Fentura Financial, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

26

EX-13 2 k24741exv13.htm RULE 14A-3 ANNUAL REPORT TO SECURITY HOLDERS exv13
 

Exhibit 13
Rule 14a-3 Annual Report

 


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
December 31, 2007 and 2006
and
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
Fenton, Michigan
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
CONTENTS
         
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
    1  
 
       
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
       
 
       
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
    2  
 
       
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
    3  
 
       
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
    4  
 
       
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    5  
 
       
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
    6  
 
       
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
    7-37  
 
       
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
    38-59  

 


 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Fentura Financial, Inc.
Fenton, Michigan
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Fentura Financial, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Corporation’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Corporation is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Fentura Financial, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
     
 
  (CROWE CHIZEK AND COMPANY LLC)
 
   
 
  Crowe Chizek and Company LLC
Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 7, 2008

 


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
(000’s omitted except share and per share data)
                 
    2007     2006  
ASSETS
               
Cash and due from banks
  $ 22,734     $ 19,946  
Federal funds sold
    7,300       9,500  
     
Total cash and cash equivalents
    30,034       29,446  
 
               
Securities available for sale, at fair value
    71,792       91,104  
Securities held to maturity (fair value 2007 - $8,714; 2006 - $11,821)
    8,685       11,899  
 
               
Loans held for sale
    1,655       2,226  
Loans, net of allowance of 2007- $8,554; 2006- $6,692
    462,849       444,301  
 
               
Bank premises and equipment
    20,101       16,854  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,813       2,985  
Bank owned life insurance
    7,042       6,815  
Goodwill
    7,955       7,955  
Acquisition intangibles
    485       759  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    2,032       2,032  
Equity Investment
    3,089       0  
Other assets
    9,487       5,922  
     
 
               
Total Assets
  $ 628,019     $ 622,298  
     
 
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
               
Deposits:
               
Non-interest-bearing deposits
  $ 75,148     $ 74,886  
Interest-bearing deposits
    468,355       453,669  
     
Total deposits
    543,503       528,555  
 
               
Short-term borrowings
    649       1,500  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    11,030       11,052  
Repurchase agreements
    5,000       10,000  
Subordinated debentures
    14,000       14,000  
Accrued taxes, interest and other liabilities
    4,341       5,873  
     
Total liabilities
    578,523       570,980  
 
               
Stockholders’ equity
               
Common stock — $0 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding 2,163,385 – 2007; 2,152,862 – 2006
    42,478       42,158  
Retained earnings
    7,488       10,118  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    (470 )     (958 )
     
Total stockholders equity
    49,496       51,318  
     
 
               
Total liabilities and stockholders equity
  $ 628,019     $ 622,298  
     
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(000’s omitted except share and per share data)
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Interest income
                       
Loans, including fees
  $ 34,964     $ 35,131     $ 29,670  
Securities:
                       
Taxable
    3,217       3,461       3,250  
Tax-exempt
    722       809       794  
Short-term investments
    311       515       164  
     
Total interest income
    39,214       39,916       33,878  
 
                       
Interest expense
                       
Deposits
    16,404       14,743       9,390  
Other borrowings
    2,217       2,165       1,908  
     
Total interest expense
    18,621       16,908       11,298  
     
 
                       
Net interest income
    20,593       23,008       22,580  
 
                       
Provision for loan losses
    7,466       1,120       1,389  
     
 
                       
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    13,127       21,888       21,191  
 
                       
Non-interest income
                       
Service charges on deposit accounts
    3,421       3,708       3,445  
Gain on sale of mortgage loans
    402       615       842  
Trust and investment services income
    1,901       1,554       1,157  
Gain (Loss) on sale of securities
    2       (2 )     (149 )
Other income and fees
    1,853       1,768       1,587  
     
Total non-interest income
    7,579       7,643       6,882  
 
                       
Non-interest expense
                       
Salaries and employee benefits
    12,183       12,738       11,983  
Occupancy
    2,090       1,858       1,673  
Furniture and equipment
    2,139       2,140       2,080  
Loan and collection
    753       320       388  
Advertising and promotional
    486       624       627  
Telephone and communication services
    570       538       508  
Other professional services
    1,143       1,066       949  
Other general and administrative
    2,470       2,702       2,592  
     
Total non-interest expense
    21,834       21,986       20,800  
     
 
                       
Income (loss) before taxes
    (1,128 )     7,545       7,273  
 
                       
Federal income taxes (benefit)
    (661 )     2,237       2,219  
     
 
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054  
     
 
                       
Per share:
                       
Earnings – basic
  $ (0.22 )   $ 2.48     $ 2.41  
Earnings – diluted
    (0.22 )     2.47       2.40  
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(000’s omitted except share and per share data)
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Net income (loss)
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054  
 
                       
Other comprehensive income:
                       
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities
    737       558       (1,163 )
Less: reclassification adjustment for (gains) and losses later recognized in income
    (2 )     2       149  
     
Net unrealized gains (losses)
    739       556       (1,014 )
Tax effect
    (251 )     (189 )     344  
     
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
    488       367       (670 )
     
 
                       
Comprehensive income (loss)
  $ (21 )   $ 5,675     $ 4,384  
     
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

4.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(000’s omitted except share and per share data)
                                 
                    Accumulated        
                    Other     Total  
    Common     Retained     Comprehensive     Stockholders  
    Stock     Earnings     Income (Loss)     Equity  
     
Balance, January 1, 2005
  $ 33,110     $ 10,514     $ (655 )   $ 42,969  
 
                               
Net Income
    0       5,054       0       5,054  
 
                               
Cash Dividends ($0.88 per share)
    0       (1,839 )     0       (1,839 )
 
                               
Issuance of shares from common stock offering (23,119 shares)
    758       0       0       758  
 
                               
Issuance of shares under stock purchase and dividend reinvestment plans (18,715 shares)
    623       0       0       623  
 
                               
Other comprehensive loss (net of tax)
    0       0       (670 )     (670 )
     
 
                               
Balance, December 31, 2005
    34,491       13,729       (1,325 )     46,895  
 
                               
Net Income
    0       5,308       0       5,308  
 
                               
Cash Dividends ($0.94 per share)
    0       (2,069 )     0       (2,069 )
 
                               
Stock Dividend (194,978 shares)
    6,850       (6,850 )     0       0  
 
                               
Issuance of shares under stock purchase and dividend reinvestment plans (22,541 shares)
    742       0       0       742  
 
                               
Stock compensation expense
    20       0       0       20  
 
                               
Issuance of shares under stock option exercise (4,046 shares)
    55       0       0       55  
 
                               
Other comprehensive loss (net of tax)
    0       0       367       367  
     
 
                               
Balance, December 31, 2006
    42,158       10,118       (958 )     51,318  
 
                               
Net loss
    0       (467 )     0       (467 )
 
                               
Cash Dividends ($1.00 per share)
    0       (2,163 )     0       (2,163 )
 
                               
Issuance of shares under stock purchase and Dividend reinvestment plans (27,412 shares)
    818       0       0       818  
 
                               
Stock repurchase (17,184 shares)
    (520 )     0       0       (520 )
 
                               
Stock compensation expense
    16       0       0       16  
 
                               
Issuance of shares under stock option exercise (295 shares)
    6       0       0       6  
 
                               
Other comprehensive income (net of tax)
    0       0       488       488  
     
 
                               
Balance, December 31, 2007
  $ 42,478     $ 7,488     $ (470 )   $ 49,496  
     
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(000’s omitted except share and per share data)
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash Provided by Operating Activities:
                       
Stock compensation expense
    (16 )     (20 )     0  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,863       2,008       1,560  
Provision for loan losses
    7,466       1,120       1,389  
Loans originated for sale
    (21,709 )     (37,099 )     (52,093 )
Proceeds from the sale of loans
    22,682       36,530       53,481  
(Gain) Loss on sale of securities
    (2 )     2       149  
(Gain) Loss on sale of fixed assets
    (11 )     0       0  
Gain on sales of loans
    (402 )     (615 )     (842 )
(Gain) Loss on equity investment
    199       0       0  
Earnings from bank owned life insurance
    (227 )     (236 )     282  
Net (increase) decrease in interest receivable & other assets
    (2,534 )     (470 )     213  
Net increase (decrease) in interest payable & other liabilities
    (1,780 )     1,329       465  
     
Total Adjustments
    5,529       2,549       4,604  
     
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities
    5,062       7,857       9,658  
 
                       
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                       
Proceeds from maturities of securities – HTM
    1,819       5,063       8,505  
Proceeds from maturities of securities – AFS
    15,040       15,178       1,410  
Proceeds from calls of securities – HTM
    140       925       109  
Proceeds from calls of securities – AFS
    4,700       975       19,943  
Proceeds from sales of securities – AFS
    3,000       1,103       18,144  
Purchases of securities – HTM
    0       (3,050 )     (4,701 )
Purchases of securities – AFS
    (1,482 )     (8,568 )     (30,358 )
Equity investment purchase
    (3,288 )     0       0  
Net increase in loans
    (26,872 )     (13,830 )     (46,515 )
Purchase of FHLB stock
    0       (132 )     0  
FHLB stock buy back
    0       400       0  
Acquisition of premises and equipment, net
    (4,779 )     (3,744 )     (2,223 )
     
Net Cash Provided By (Used in) Investing Activities
    (11,722 )     (5,680 )     (35,686 )
 
                       
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                       
Net increase (decrease) in deposits
    14,948       501       36,989  
Net increase (decrease) in short term borrowings
    (851 )     (37 )     (3,663 )
Net increase (decrease) in repurchase agreements
    (5,000 )     0       0  
Issuance of subordinated debt
    0       0       2,000  
Proceeds from FHLB advances
    9,000       4,000       57,400  
Repayments of FHLB advances
    (9,022 )     (7,020 )     (62,418 )
Proceeds from stock offering
    0       0       758  
Net proceeds from stock issuance and repurchase
    336       817       623  
Cash dividends
    (2,163 )     (2,069 )     (1,839 )
     
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities
    7,248       (3,808 )     29,850  
     
 
                       
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
    588       (1,631 )     3,822  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – BEGINNING
    29,446       31,077       27,255  
     
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS – ENDING
  $ 30,034     $ 29,446     $ 31,077  
     
 
                       
CASH PAID FOR:
                       
Interest
  $ 18,964     $ 16,341     $ 10,933  
Income taxes
  $ (418 )   $ 1,781     $ 2,935  
NONCASH DISCLOSURES:
                       
Transfers from loans to other real estate
  $ 858     $ 1,567     $ 564  
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

6.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of Operations and Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include Fentura Financial, Inc. (the Corporation) and its wholly owned subsidiaries, The State Bank in Fenton, Michigan; Davison State Bank in Davison, Michigan; and West Michigan Community Bank in Hudsonville, Michigan (“the Banks”), as well as Fentura Mortgage Company, West Michigan Mortgage Company, LLC, and the other subsidiaries of the Banks. Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.
The Corporation provides banking and trust services principally to individuals, small businesses and governmental entities through its eleven community banking offices in Genesee, Livingston, and Oakland Counties in southeastern Michigan and four community banking offices in Ottawa and Kent Counties in west Michigan. Its primary deposit products are checking, savings, and term certificate accounts, and its primary lending products are residential mortgage, commercial, and installment loans. Substantially all loans are secured by specific items of collateral including business assets, consumer assets and real estate. Commercial loans are expected to be repaid from cash flow from operations of businesses. Real estate loans are secured by both residential and commercial real estate. Other financial instruments which potentially represent concentrations of credit risk include deposit accounts in other financial institutions and federal funds sold.
Use of Estimates: To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and future results could differ. The allowance for loan losses and the fair values of securities and other financial instruments are particularly subject to change.
Cash Flows: Cash and cash equivalents, includes cash, deposits with other financial institutions under 90 days, and federal funds sold. Net cash flows are reported for customer loan and deposit transactions and short-term borrowings.
(Continued)

7.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
Securities: Securities are classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost when management has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Securities are classified as available for sale when they might be sold before maturity. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income.
Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or discount. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized on the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. Gains and losses on sales are based on the amortized cost of the security sold. Securities are written down to fair value when a decline in fair value is not temporary.
Declines in the fair value of securities below their cost that are other than temporary are reflected as realized losses. In estimating other-than-temporary losses, management considers: the length of time and extent the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, and the Corporation’s ability and intent to hold the security for a period sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.
Loans: Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoffs are reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of unearned interest, deferred loan fees and costs, and an allowance for loan losses. Loans held for sale are reported at the lower of cost or market, on an aggregate basis and are sold with servicing rights released.
Interest income is reported on the interest method and includes amortization of net deferred loan fees and costs over the loan term. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income using the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. Interest income is not reported when full loan repayment is in doubt, typically when the loan is impaired or payments are past due over 90 days (180 days for residential mortgages).
All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual are reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
Allowance for Loan Losses: The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses, increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by charge-offs less recoveries. Management estimates the allowance balance required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged-off. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 120 days past due.
(Continued)

8.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired or loans otherwise classified as substandard or doubtful. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors.
A loan is impaired when full payment under the loan terms is not expected. Commercial and commercial real estate loans are individually evaluated for impairment. If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer and residential real estate loans are collectively evaluated for impairment, and accordingly, they are not separately identified for impairment disclosures.
Foreclosed Assets: Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. If fair value declines, a valuation allowance is recorded through expense. Costs after acquisition are expensed.
Premises and Equipment: Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Buildings and related components are depreciated using the straight-line method with useful lives ranging from 15 to 40 years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method with useful lives ranging from 3 to 7 years.
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock: The Banks are members of the FHLB system. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income.
Equity Investment: The Corporation made an investment in 2007 of 24.99% ownership in Valley Capital Bank headquartered in Mesa, Arizona. This investment is recorded utilizing the equity method of accounting. Gains or losses on the investment are recorded through the income statement and the balance sheet value of this investment is adjusted for the gains or losses resulting from the equity method of accounting.
Long-term Assets: Premises and equipment and other long-term assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are recorded at fair value.
Bank Owned Life Insurance: The Banks have purchased life insurance policies on certain key executives. Upon adoption of EITF 06-5, which is discussed further below, Bank owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement. Prior to adoption of EITF 06-5, the Banks recorded owned life insurance at its cash surrender value.
     In September 2006, the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force finalized Issue No. 06-5, Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance — Determining the Amount That Could Be Realized in Accordance with FASB
(Continued)

9.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
Technical Bulletin No. 85-4 (Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance){Issue}. This Issue requires that a policyholder consider contractual terms of a life insurance policy in determining the amount that could be realized under the insurance contract. It also requires that if the contract provides for a greater surrender value if all individual policies in a group are surrendered at the same time, that the surrender value be determined based on the assumption that policies will be surrendered on an individual basis. Lastly, the Issue requires disclosure when there are contractual restrictions on the Banks’ ability to surrender a policy. The adoption of EITF 06-5 on January 1, 2007 had no impact on the Corporation’s financial condition or results of operation.
Goodwill: Goodwill results from prior business acquisitions and represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of acquired tangible assets and liabilities and identifiable intangible assets. Goodwill is assessed at least annually for impairment and any such impairment will be recognized in the period identified.
Acquisition Intangibles: Acquisition intangibles consist of core deposit and acquired customer and trust relationship intangible assets arising from acquisitions. They are initially measured at fair value and then are amortized on an accelerated method over their estimated useful lives. Acquisition intangibles are assessed at least annually for impairment and any such impairment will be recognized in the period identified.

10.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
Stock Based Compensation: Effective January 1, 2006, the Corporation adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), Share-based Payment, using the modified prospective transition method. Accordingly, the Corporation has recorded stock-based employee compensation cost using the fair value method starting in 2006. For 2006, adopting this standard resulted in a reduction of income before income taxes of $19,800, a reduction in net income of $13,900 and a decrease in basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.01. For 2007, stock-based employee compensation costs resulted in a reduction of income before income taxes of $15,780, a reduction of net income of $11,050 and a decrease in basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.01.
Prior to January 1, 2006, employee compensation expense under stock options was reported using the intrinsic value method; therefore, no stock-based compensation cost is reflected in net income for the year ending December 31, 2005 as all options granted had an exercise price equal to or greater than the market price of the underlying common stock at date of grant.
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if expense was measured using the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, for the year ending December 31, 2005
(in thousands, except per share data, adjusted for the 10% stock dividend on August 4, 2006):
         
    2005  
Net income
       
As reported
  $ 5,054  
Deduct: Stock-based compensation expense determined under a fair value based system
    (8 )
 
     
Proforma
  $ 5,046  
 
     
Basic net income per share
       
As reported
  $ 2.41  
Proforma
    2.41  
Diluted net income per share
       
As reported
  $ 2.40  
Proforma
    2.40  
Income Taxes: Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
The Corporation adopted FASB Interpretation 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), as of January 1, 2007. A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. The adoption had no effect on the Corporation’s financial statements.
The Corporation recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.
(Continued)

11.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
Loan Commitments and Financial Instruments: Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and standby letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.
Earnings Per Common Share: Basic earnings per common share are net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) shares are considered outstanding for this calculation unless unearned. Diluted earnings per common share includes the dilutive effect of additional potential common shares issuable under stock options. Earnings and dividends per share are restated for all stock splits and dividends through the date of issue of the financial statements.
Comprehensive Income: Comprehensive income consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, which are also recognized as separate components of equity.
Loss Contingencies: Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. Management does not believe there now are such matters that will have a material effect on the financial statements.
Restrictions on Cash: Cash on hand or on deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank of $753,000 and $872,000 was required to meet regulatory reserve and clearing requirements at year-end 2007 and 2006 respectively. These balances do not earn interest.
Dividend Restriction: Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and may limit the dividends paid by the Banks to the Corporation or by the Corporation to shareholders.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments: Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in a separate note. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.
Operating Segments: While the Corporation’s chief decision-makers monitor the revenue streams of the various Corporation products and services, operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a Corporate-wide basis. Accordingly, all of the Corporation’s financial service operations are considered by management to be aggregated in one reportable operating segment.
Reclassifications: Some items in the prior year financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
(Continued)

12.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
Effect of Newly Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards:
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement establishes a fair value hierarchy about the assumptions used to measure fair value and clarifies assumptions about risk and the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset. The standard is effective on January 1, 2008. The impact of adoption on January 1, 2008 was not material.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The standard provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value and establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. The new standard is effective for the Corporation on January 1, 2008. The Corporation did not elect the fair value option for any financial assets or financial liabilities as of January 1, 2008.
In September 2006, the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force finalized Issue No. 06-4, Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements. This issue requires that a liability be recorded during the service period when a split-dollar life insurance agreement continues after participants’ employment or retirement. The required accrued liability will be based on either the post-employment benefit cost for the continuing life insurance or based on the future death benefit depending on the contractual terms of the underlying agreement. This issue is effective on January 1, 2008. The impact of adoption was not material.
On November 5, 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 109, Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value through Earnings (“SAB 109”). Previously, SAB 105, Application of Accounting Principles to Loan Commitments, stated that in measuring the fair value of a derivative loan commitment, a company should not incorporate the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan. SAB 109 supersedes SAB 105 and indicates that the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan should be included in measuring fair value for all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. SAB 105 also indicated that internally-developed intangible assets should not be recorded as part of the fair value of a derivative loan commitment, and SAB 109 retains that view. SAB 109 is effective for derivative loan commitments issued or modified in fiscal quarters in 2008. The Corporation does not expect the impact of this standard to be material.
(Continued)

13.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 2 — EARNINGS PER SHARE
The factors in the earnings per share computation follow (adjusted for 10% stock dividend paid on August 4, 2006).
                         
$ in thousands except per share data   2007     2006     2005  
Basic
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054  
 
                 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
    2,159,586       2,141,388       2,096,002  
 
                 
Basic earnings per common share
  $ (0.22 )   $ 2.48     $ 2.41  
 
                 
 
                       
Diluted
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054  
Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share
    2,159,586       2,141,388       2,096,002  
Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of stock options
    0       4,674       6,434  
 
                 
Average shares and dilutive potential common shares
    2,159,586       2,146,062       2,102,436  
 
                 
Diluted earnings per common share
  $ (0.22 )   $ 2.47     $ 2.40  
 
                 
Stock options for 24,447, 14,255 and 16,264 shares of common stock were not considered in computing diluted earnings per common share for 2007, 2006 and 2005 respectively, because they were antidilutive.
(Continued)

14.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 3 — SECURITIES
Year-end securities were as follows (in thousands):
Available for Sale
                         
            Gross     Gross  
    Fair     Unrealized     Unrealized  
    Value     Gains     Losses  
2007
                       
U.S. Government and federal agency
  $ 21,152     $ 41     $ (37 )
Mortgage-backed
    40,562       140       (662 )
State and municipal
    6,823       25       (61 )
Equity securities
    3,255       47       (207 )
 
                 
 
  $ 71,792     $ 253     $ (967 )
 
                 
 
                       
2006
                       
U.S. Government and federal agency
  $ 20,985     $ 0     $ (546 )
Mortgage-backed
    58,499       48       (1,189 )
State and municipal
    9,311       77       (27 )
Equity securities
    2,309       191       (5 )
 
                 
 
  $ 91,104     $ 316     $ (1,767 )
 
                 
Held to Maturity
                                 
            Gross     Gross        
    Amortized     Unrecognized     Unrecognized     Fair  
    Cost     Gains     Losses     Value  
2007
                               
Mortgage-backed
  $ 6     $ 0     $ 0     $ 6  
State and municipal
    8,679       61       (32 )     8,708  
 
                       
 
  $ 8,685     $ 61     $ (32 )   $ 8,714  
 
                       
 
                               
2006
                               
Mortgage-backed
  $ 9     $ 0     $ 0     $ 9  
State and municipal
    11,890       36       (114 )     11,812  
 
                       
 
  $ 11,899     $ 36     $ (114 )   $ 11,821  
 
                       
Sales of available for sale securities were as follows (in thousands):
                         
    2007   2006   2005
Proceeds
  $ 3,000     $ 1,103     $ 18,144  
Gross gains
    2       0       18  
Gross losses
    0       (2 )     (167 )
(Continued)

15.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 3 — SECURITIES (Continued)
Contractual maturities of securities at year-end 2007 were as follows. Securities not due at a single maturity date, primarily mortgage-backed securities, and equity securities are shown separately (in thousands).
                         
    Held to Maturity     Available for Sale  
    Amortized     Fair     Fair  
    Cost     Value     Value  
Due in one year or less
  $ 1,471     $ 1,472     $ 6,259  
Due from one to five years
    3,728       3,747       13,016  
Due from five to ten years
    2,860       2,866       5,508  
Due after ten years
    620       623       3,192  
Mortgage-backed securities
    6       6       40,562  
Equity securities
    0       0       3,255  
 
                 
 
  $ 8,685     $ 8,714     $ 71,792  
 
                 
Securities pledged at year-end 2007 and 2006 had a carrying amount of $33,380,000 and $38,775,000 and were pledged to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements.
At year-end 2007 and 2006, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity.
Securities with unrealized losses at year-end 2007, 2006 and 2005, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position are as follows:
                                                 
2007   Less than 12 Months     12 Months or More     Total  
Description of   Fair     Unrealized     Fair     Unrealized     Fair     Unrealized  
Securities   Value     Loss     Value     Loss     Value     Loss  
US Government & federal agency
  $ 5,985     $ (15 )   $ 6,978     $ (22 )   $ 12,963     $ (37 )
State & municipal
    509       (2 )     5,601       (91 )     6,110       (93 )
Mortgage-backed
    27,849       (662 )     0       0       27,849       (662 )
Equity securities
    1,034       (192 )     18       (15 )     1,052       (207 )
 
                                   
Total temporarily impaired
  $ 35,377     $ (871 )   $ 12,597     $ (128 )   $ 47,974     $ (999 )
 
                                   
                                                 
2006   Less than 12 Months     12 Months or More     Total  
Description of   Fair     Unrealized     Fair     Unrealized     Fair     Unrealized  
Securities   Value     Loss     Value     Loss     Value     Loss  
US Government & federal agency
  $ 2,964     $ (11 )   $ 18,020     $ (535 )   $ 20,984     $ (546 )
State & municipal
    2,807       (14 )     6,863       (127 )     9,670       (141 )
Mortgage-backed
    52,981       (1,189 )     0       0       52,981       (1,189 )
Equity securities
    0       0       24       (5 )     24       (5 )
 
                                   
Total temporarily impaired
  $ 58,752     $ (1,214 )   $ 24,907     $ (667 )   $ 83,659     $ (1,881 )
 
                                   
(Continued)

16.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 3 — SECURITIES (Continued)
The Corporation evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to the length of time and the extent to which fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and the intent and the ability of the Corporation to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, the Corporation may consider whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of the reviews of the issuer’s financial condition.
Unrealized losses have not been recognized into income because the issuers are of high credit quality, management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future, and the decline in fair value is largely due to increased market interest rates. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach their maturity date or if market rates decline prior to maturity. With respect to equity securities, management believes that the unrealized losses on these instruments are temporary. This is due to the nature of the companies invested in being primarily DeNovo banks which are expected to have net losses during their first few years of operation. Management works directly with these institutions and, is kept abreast of their financial status on a regular basis in some cases participating in their Board meetings. Management anticipates that each of these institutions will improve their performance in the near future and their market value will improve.
NOTE 4 — LOANS
Major categories of loans at December 31, are as follows (in thousands):
                 
    2007     2006  
Commercial
  $ 318,555     $ 272,402  
Real estate — construction
    54,892       78,927  
Real estate — mortgage
    39,817       36,867  
Consumer
    58,139       62,797  
 
           
 
    471,403       450,993  
Less allowance for loan losses
    8,554       6,692  
 
           
 
  $ 462,849     $ 444,301  
 
           
The Corporation originates primarily residential and commercial real estate loans, commercial, construction and installment loans. The Corporation estimates that the majority of their loan portfolio is based in Genesee, Oakland and Livingston counties within southeast Michigan and Kent and Ottawa counties in west Michigan with the remainder of the portfolio distributed throughout Michigan. The ability of the Corporation’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent upon the real estate and general economic conditions in these areas.
Certain directors and executive officers of the Corporation, including their affiliates are loan customers of the Banks. Total loans to these persons at December 31, 2007 and 2006 amounted to $13,398,000 and $11,571,000 respectively. During 2007, $4,919,000 of new loans were made to these persons, repayments totaled $2,457,000. With changes of directors in 2007, an additional $635,000 of existing loans was included in the loan totals at year end.
(Continued)

17.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 4 — LOANS (Continued)
Activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years is as follows (in thousands)
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 6,692     $ 6,301     $ 5,501  
Provision for loan losses
    7,466       1,120       1,389  
Loans charged off
    (5,859 )     (877 )     (765 )
Loan recoveries
    255       148       176  
 
                 
Balance, end of year
  $ 8,554     $ 6,692     $ 6,301  
 
                 
Loan impairment is measured by estimating the expected future cash flows and discounting them at the respective effective interest rate or by valuing the underlying collateral. The recorded investment in these loans is as follows at December 31, (in thousands):
                 
    2007     2006  
Year end loans not requiring allocation
  $ 11,197     $ 1,365  
Year end loans requiring allocation
    18,186       3,397  
 
           
 
  $ 29,383     $ 4,762  
 
           
Amount of the allowance for loan losses allocated
  $ 2,751     $ 606  
Loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued at December 31, 2007 and 2006 amounted to $13,056,000 and $2,354,000, respectively, and are included in the impaired loans above. Loans past due, greater than 90 days and still accruing interest, amounted to $54,000 and $2,311,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Interest income recognized on impaired loans based on cash collected in total is approximately $2,120,000, $284,000 and $293,000 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. If the impaired loans had performed in accordance with their contractual terms during the year, additional interest income of $599,000, $130,000 and $113,000 would have been recorded in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $17,073,000, $4,439,000 and $3,655,000 during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
(Continued)

18.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 5 — PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Bank premises and equipment is comprised of the following at December 31 (in thousands):
                 
    2007     2006  
Land and land improvements
  $ 5,721     $ 5,219  
Building and building improvements
    16,043       12,948  
Furniture and equipment
    9,568       8,805  
Construction in progress
    1,169       776  
 
           
 
    32,501       27,748  
Less accumulated depreciation
    12,400       10,894  
 
           
 
  $ 20,101     $ 16,854  
 
           
Depreciation expense was $1,543,000, $1,507,000 and $1,418,000 for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The Corporation leases property for certain branches and ATM locations. Rent expense for 2007 was $300,000, for 2006 was $325,000 and for 2005 was $330,000. Rent commitments under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows, before considering renewal options that generally are present (in thousands).
         
2008
  $ 230  
2009
    179  
2010
    183  
2011
    156  
2012
    129  
Thereafter
    0  
 
     
 
  $ 877  
 
     
(Continued)

19.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 6 — GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
Goodwill relates to the acquisition of West Michigan Financial Corporation during 2004.
Acquired Intangible Assets
Acquired intangible assets related to the 2004 acquisition of West Michigan Financial Corporation were as follows as of year-end:
                         
    Gross Carrying       Accumulated  
    Amounts     Amortization  
Amortized intangible assets         2007     2006  
Core deposit assets
  $ 1,509     $ 1,037     $ 818  
Customer relationship intangibles
    216       203       148  
 
                 
Total
  $ 1,725     $ 1,240     $ 966  
 
                 
Aggregate amortization expense was $274,000, $316,000 and $358,000 for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Estimated amortization expense for each of the next five years:
       
2008
  $ 192
2009
    136
2010
    94
2011
2012
    52
11
The weighted average remaining amortization period for the intangible assets is 2.08 years.
(Continued)

20.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 7 — DEPOSITS
The following is a summary of deposits at December 31 (in thousands):
                 
    2007     2006  
Noninterest-bearing:
               
Demand
  $ 75,148     $ 74,886  
Interest-bearing:
               
Savings
    86,778       88,893  
Money market demand
    98,362       102,535  
Time, $100,000 and over
    160,633       136,978  
Time, $100,000 and under
    122,582       125,263  
 
           
 
  $ 543,503     $ 528,555  
 
           
Brokered deposits totaled approximately $76,261,000 and $49,658,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, brokered deposits had interest rates ranging from 4.70% to 5.40% and 3.85% to 5.40%, respectively, and maturities ranging from two months to fifty-seven months.
Scheduled maturities of time deposits at December 31, were as follows (in thousands):
                 
    2007     2006  
In one year
  $ 178,369     $ 174,147  
In two years
    36,338       42,855  
In three years
    26,530       20,117  
In four years
    21,460       10,312  
In five years
    20,351       14,513  
Thereafter
    167       297  
 
           
 
  $ 283,215     $ 262,241  
 
           
Deposits from principal officers, directors, and their affiliates at year-end December 31, 2007 and 2006 were $12,758,000 and $10,806,000.
(Continued)

21.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 8 — BORROWINGS
Short-Term Borrowings
Short-term borrowings consist of term federal funds purchased and treasury tax and loan deposits and generally are repaid within one to 120 days from the transaction date.
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
At year-end, advances from the FHLB were as follows (dollars in thousands):
                 
    Advance        
Principal Terms   Amount     Range of Maturities  
December 31, 2007
               
Single Maturity fixed rate advances, fixed rate at rates from 4.55%-7.34%, averaging 5.02%
  $ 11,030     January 2008 to May 2016
 
             
 
               
December 31, 2006
               
Single Maturity fixed rate advances fixed rate at rates from 3.21%-7.34%, averaging 5.13%
  $ 11,052     January 2007 to May 2016
 
             
Each advance is payable at its maturity date, a prepayment penalty is assessed with early payoffs of advances. The advances were collateralized by securities totaling $21,615,000 and $24,024,000 and first mortgage loans totaling $12,111,000 and $10,624,000 under a blanket lien arrangement at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Maturities over the next five years are (dollars in thousands):
         
2008
  $ 6,024  
2009
    26  
2010
    2,028  
2011
    2,030  
2012
    33  
Thereafter
    889  
 
     
 
  $ 11,030  
(Continued)

22.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 8 — BORROWINGS (Continued)
Repurchase Agreements
Repurchase agreements are secured by mortgage-backed securities held by a third party trustee with carrying amounts of $9.7 million and $10.9 million at year-end 2007 and 2006.
These agreements are fixed rate financing arrangements that, at year-end 2007, mature 2008 ($5,000,000). At maturity, the securities underlying the agreements are returned to the Corporation. Information concerning repurchase agreements is summarized as follows (in thousands):
                 
    2007   2006
Average daily balance during the year
  $ 7,356     $ 10,000  
Average interest rate during the year
    3.11 %     3.32 %
Maximum month-end balance during the year
  $ 10,000     $ 10,000  
Weighted average interest rate at year-end
    2.61 %     3.32 %
Subordinated Debenture and Trust Preferred Securities
A trust formed by the Corporation issued $12,000,000 of trust preferred securities in 2003 as part of a pooled offering of such securities. The interest rate is a floating rate (LIBOR plus 3.00%) and the current rate at December 31, 2007 is 8.69%. The Corporation issued subordinated debentures at the same terms as the trust preferred securities to the trust in exchange for the proceeds of the offering; the debentures and related debt issuance costs represent the sole assets of the trust. The Corporation may redeem the subordinated debentures, in whole but not in part, any time after 2008 at a price of 100% of face value. The subordinated debentures must be redeemed no later than 2033.
A trust formed by the Corporation issued $2,000,000 of trust preferred securities in 2005 as part of a pooled offering of such securities. The interest rate is a floating rate (LIBOR plus 1.60%) and the current rate at December 31, 2007 is 7.09%. The Corporation issued subordinated debentures at the same terms as the trust preferred securities to the trust in exchange for the proceeds of the offering; the debentures and related debt issuance costs represent the sole assets of the trust. The Corporation may redeem the subordinated debentures, in whole but not in part, any time after 2010 at a price of 100% of face value. The subordinated debentures must be redeemed no later than 2035.
(Continued)

23.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 9 — INCOME TAXES
The provision (benefit) for income taxes reflected in the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31 consists of the following (in thousands):
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Current expense
  $ 434     $ 2,552     $ 2,704  
Deferred (benefit) expense
    (1,095 )     (315 )     (485 )
 
                 
 
  $ (661 )   $ 2,237     $ 2,219  
 
                 
Income tax expense (benefit) was less than the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income (loss) before income taxes. The reasons for the difference are as follows (in thousands):
                         
    2007     2006     2005  
Income tax at statutory rate
  $ (384 )   $ 2,565     $ 2,473  
Tax exempt interest
    (242 )     (284 )     (307 )
Other
    (35 )     (44 )     53  
 
                 
 
  $ (661 )   $ 2,237     $ 2,219  
 
                 
The net deferred tax asset recorded includes the following amounts of deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands):
                 
    2007     2006  
Deferred tax assets
               
Allowance for loan losses
  $ 2,909     $ 2,117  
Unrealized loss on securities available for sale
    244       493  
Compensation
    416       404  
Non-accrual Interest
    216       79  
Other
    176       53  
 
           
 
    3,961       3,146  
Deferred tax liabilities
               
Depreciation
    (367 )     (309 )
Purchase accounting adjustments
    (397 )     (502 )
Other
    (125 )     (109 )
 
           
 
    (889 )     (920 )
 
           
 
  $ 3,072     $ 2,226  
 
           
A valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets is required when it is considered more likely than not that all or part of the benefit related to such assets will not be realized. Management has determined that no valuation allowance is required at December 31, 2007 or 2006.
(Continued)

24.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 10 — BENEFIT PLANS
The Corporation has a noncontributory discretionary employee stock ownership plan (Plan) covering substantially all of its employees. It is a requirement of the plan to invest principally in the Corporation’s common stock. The contribution to the Plan in 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $25,000, $40,000 and $50,000, respectively.
The Corporation has also established a 401(k) Plan in which 50% of the employees’ contribution can be matched with a discretionary contribution by the Corporation up to a maximum of 6% of gross wages. The contribution to the 401(k) Plan for 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $313,000, $292,000 and $242,000, respectively.
The Corporation has entered into Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreements (SERP Agreements) with certain executives. The SERP Agreements are designed to encourage executives to remain long term employees of the Corporation, and to provide specified benefits to certain key executives who contribute materially to the continued growth, development and future business success of the Corporation. The retirement benefits are an unsecured obligation of the Corporation. The Corporation has purchased certain prepaid life insurance policies and expects to apply investment earnings on the policies to pay for all or a portion of the annual costs for the SERP Agreements. The Corporation and the Affiliate Banks have established other Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation arrangements for employees not covered under the SERP. The arrangements are designed to encourage certain officers to remain long term employees of the Corporation and the Affiliate Banks, and to provide the officers with supplemental retirement income. At year end 2007 and 2006, accumulated liability for these plans totaled $1,168,940 and $1,233,128. The Corporation’s contributions to the plans in 2007, 2006 and 2005 were $119,512, $124,339 and $61,408.
NOTE 11 — STOCK PURCHASE AND OPTION PLANS
Director and Employee Plans
The Directors Stock Purchase Plan permits directors of the Corporation to purchase shares of common stock made available for purchase under the plan at the fair market value on the fifteenth day prior to the annual issuance date. The total number of shares issuable under this plan is limited to 9,600 shares in any calendar year.
The Retainer Stock Plan allows directors to elect to receive shares of common stock in full or partial payment of the director’s retainer fees and fees for attending meetings. The number of shares is determined by dividing the dollar amount of fees to be paid in shares by the market value of the stock on the first business day prior to the payment date.
The Executive Stock Bonus Plan permits the administrator of the plan to grant shares of the Corporation’s common stock to eligible employees. Any executive or managerial level employee is eligible to receive grants under the plan. The Board of Directors administers the plan and the number of shares issued are at the sole discretion of the Board of Directors, with no shares granted as of December 31, 2007.
(Continued)

25.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 11 — STOCK PURCHASE AND OPTION PLANS (Continued)
Dividend Investment Plan
The Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan (“DRIP”) permits enrolled shareholders to automatically use dividends paid on common stock to purchase additional shares of the Corporation’s common stock at the fair market value on the investment date. Any shareholder who is the beneficial or record owner of not more than 9.9% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Corporation’s common stock is eligible to participate in the plan.
Pursuant to a separate agreement with a family who collectively holds more than 9.9% of the Corporation’s stock on or prior to January 31 of each year beginning January 31, 1997, the Corporation is to advise the family, in a written notice, of the number of shares sold under the DRIP. Each family member will have the option, until February 28 of the same year, to purchase from the Corporation one-third of the total number of shares that would be sufficient to prevent the dilution to all family members as a group that result solely as a result of the DRIP shares. The purchase price under this agreement is the fair market value on December 31 of the year immediately preceding the year in which the written notice is given. Similarly, a reverse agreement exists which allows the Corporation to redeem family shares to maintain the family ownership percentage in the event that stock repurchase activity more than offsets the shares available because of the DRIP.
The following summarizes shares issued under the various plans:
                         
      2007     2006     2005
Automatic dividend reinvestment plan
    13,418       13,337       11,586  
Director stock purchase & retainer stock
    10,754       7,892       6,384  
Stock options
    295       5,525       0  
Other issuance of stock
    3,240       2,890       2,616  
 
                       
 
    27,707       29,644       20,586  
 
                       
Stock Option Plans
The Nonemployee Director Stock Option Plan provides for granting options to nonemployee directors to purchase the Corporation’s common stock. No options have been granted in 2007. The purchase price of the shares is the fair market value at the date of the grant, and there is a three-year vesting period before options may be exercised. Options to acquire no more than 8,131 shares of stock may be granted under the Plan in any calendar year and options to acquire not more than 73,967 shares in the aggregate may be outstanding at any one time. The Corporation did repurchase 977 shares of stock due to a director exercising options and opted for cashless entries in 2006. The Corporation did repurchase 17,184 shares as part of the Stock Repurchase Plan in 2007.
The Employee Stock Option Plan grants options to eligible employees to purchase the Corporation’s common stock at or above, the fair market value of the stock at the date of the grant. Awards granted under this plan are limited to an aggregate of 86,936 shares. The administrator of the plan is a committee of directors. The administrator has the power to determine the number of options to be granted, the exercise price of the options and other terms of the options, subject to consistency with the terms of the Plan.
(Continued)

26.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 11 — STOCK PURCHASE AND OPTION PLANS (Continued)
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using a closed form option valuation (Black-Scholes) model that uses the assumptions noted in the table below. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatilities of the Corporation’s common stock. The Corporation uses historical data to estimate option exercise and post-vesting termination behavior. The expected term of options granted is based on historical data and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, which takes into account that the options are not transferable. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. Shares are issued upon option exercise come from authorized but unissued shares.
The following table summarizes stock option activity :
                                 
                    Weighted      
                    Average      
            Weighted     Remaining     Aggregate  
    Number of     Average     Contractual     Intrinsic  
    Options     Price     Life     Value  
     
Options outstanding at January 1, 2007
    40,523     $ 29.68                  
Options exercised 2007
    (295 )     21.90                  
Options forfeited 2007
    0       0                  
 
                             
Options outstanding at December 31, 2007
    40,228     $ 29.74       5.08     $ 6,470  
 
                         
 
                               
Exercisable at December 31, 2007
    35,267     $ 29.94       5.02     $ 6,441  
 
                         
The fair value of options granted was determined using option-pricing models, using the following weighted-average assumptions as of grant date.
         
    2005
Risk-free interest rate
    4.28 %
Expected option life
  6 years
Expected stock price volatility
    26 %
Dividend yield
    3.20 %
Fair value
  $ 6.13  
Information related to the stock option plan during each year follows:
                 
(in thousands)   2007   2006
Intrinsic value of options exercised
  $ 3     $ 85  
Cash received from option exercises
    6       55  
Tax benefit realized from option exercises
    0       0  
As of December 31, 2007, there was $7,600 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1 year.
(Continued)

27.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 12 — REGULATORY MATTERS
The Corporation (on a consolidated basis) and its Bank subsidiaries are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory — and possibly additional discretionary - - actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Corporation and the Banks must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items are calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Prompt corrective action provisions are not applicable to bank holding companies.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Banks to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below in thousands) of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier 1 capital (as defined) to average assets (as defined). Management believes, as of December 31, 2007, that the Banks meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the most recent notifications from Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation categorized the Banks as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized the Banks must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the table. There are no conditions or events since the notifications that management believes have changed the Banks’ category.
The Corporation’s principal source of funds for dividend payments is dividends received from the Banks. Banking regulations limit the amount of dividends that may be paid without prior approval of regulatory agencies. Under these regulations, the amount of dividends that may be paid in any calendar year is limited to the current year’s net profits, combined with the retained net profits of the preceding two years, subject to the capital requirements described above. During 2008, the Corporation could, without prior approval, declare dividends of approximately $1,500,000 plus any 2008 net profits retained to the date of dividend declaration.
(Continued)

28.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 12 — REGULATORY MATTERS (Continued)
                                                 
                                    To Be Well
                    For Capital   Capitalized Under
                    Adequacy   Prompt Corrective
    Actual   Purposes   Action Provisions
    Amount   Ratio   Amount   Ratio   Amount   Ratio
As of December 31, 2007
                                               
Total Capital
                                               
(to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
  $ 61,993       11.6 %   $ 42,738       8.0 %   NA     NA  
The State Bank
    36,342       10.7       27,164       8.0       33,955       10.0  
Davison State Bank
    4,408       11.2       3,160       8.0       3,950       10.0  
West Michigan Community Bank
    15,280       10.3       11,908       8.0       14,884       10.0  
 
                                               
Tier 1 Capital
                                               
(to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    55,370       10.4       21,369       4.0     NA     NA  
The State Bank
    32,087       9.4       13,582       4.0       20,373       6.0  
Davison State Bank
    3,908       9.9       1,580       4.0       2,370       6.0  
West Michigan Community Bank
    13,409       9.0       5,954       4.0       8,931       6.0  
 
                                               
Tier 1 Capital
                                               
(to Average Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    55,370       9.0       24,573       4.0     NA     NA  
The State Bank
    32,087       8.3       15,403       4.0       19,253       5.0  
Davison State Bank
    3,908       8.0       1,945       4.0       2,432       5.0  
West Michigan Community Bank
    13,409       7.9       6,767       4.0       8,459       5.0  
(Continued)

29.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 12 — REGULATORY MATTERS (Continued)
                                                 
                                    To Be Well
                    For Capital   Capitalized Under
                    Adequacy   Prompt Corrective
    Actual   Purposes   Action Provisions
    Amount   Ratio   Amount   Ratio   Amount   Ratio
As of December 31, 2006
                                               
Total Capital
                                               
(to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
  $ 63,934       12.5 %   $ 40,949       8.0 %   NA     NA  
The State Bank
    35,985       11.0       26,062       8.0       32,577       10.0  
Davison State Bank
    4,737       11.7       3,250       8.0       4,063       10.0  
West Michigan Community Bank
    16,236       11.3       11,446       8.0       14,307       10.0  
 
                                               
Tier 1 Capital
                                               
(to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    57,562       11.3       20,474       4.0     NA     NA  
The State Bank
    31,913       9.8       13,031       4.0       19,546       6.0  
Davison State Bank
    4,229       10.4       1,625       4.0       2,438       6.0  
West Michigan Community Bank
    14,444       10.1       5,723       4.0       8,584       6.0  
 
                                               
Tier 1 Capital
                                               
(to Average Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    57,562       8.6       26,897       4.0     NA     NA  
The State Bank
    31,913       8.2       15,481       4.0       19,352       5.0  
Davison State Bank
    4,229       8.2       2,068       4.0       2,585       5.0  
West Michigan Community Bank
    14,444       8.6       6,739       4.0       8,424       5.0  
(Continued)

30.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 13 — FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The estimated fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments at December 31, are as follows (in thousands):
                                 
    2007   2006
    Carrying           Carrying    
    Amount   Fair Value   Amount   Fair Value
Assets:
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 30,034     $ 30,034     $ 29,446     $ 29,446  
Securities — available for sale
    71,792       71,792       91,104       91,104  
Securities — held to maturity
    8,685       8,714       11,899       11,821  
FHLB stock
    2,032       2,032       2,032       2,032  
Loans held for sale
    1,655       1,655       2,226       2,231  
Loans
    462,849       457,693       444,301       435,743  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,813       2,813       2,985       2,985  
 
                               
Liabilities:
                               
Deposits
  $ 543,503     $ 536,969     $ 528,555     $ 521,440  
Short-term borrowings
    649       649       1,500       1,500  
FHLB advances
    11,030       10,907       11,052       11,052  
Repurchase agreements
    5,000       5,000       10,000       10,000  
Subordinated debentures
    14,000       13,934       14,000       14,000  
Accrued interest payable
    921       921       1,608       1,608  
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Corporation in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
Cash and cash equivalents
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and short-term instruments approximate their fair values.
Securities (including mortgage-backed securities)
Fair values for securities are based on quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments.
Loans held for sale
The market value of these loans represents estimated fair value. The market value is determined in the aggregate on the basis of existing forward commitments or fair values attributable to similar loans.
Loans
For variable rate loans that re-price frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. The fair value for other loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates its fair value.
(Continued)

31.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 13 — FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)
Off-balance-sheet instruments
The Corporation’s off-balance-sheet instruments approximate their fair values.
Deposit liabilities
The fair values disclosed for demand deposits are, by definition equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The carrying amounts for variable rate, fixed term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate their fair values at the reporting date. Fair values for fixed certificates of deposit are estimated using discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on similar certificates. The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value.
Short-term borrowings
The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings approximate their fair values.
FHLB advances
Rates currently available for FHLB debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate the fair value of the existing debt.
Repurchase agreements
Rates currently available for repurchase agreements with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate the fair value of the existing repurchase agreements.
Subordinated Debentures
Rates currently available for subordinated debentures with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate the fair value of the existing subordinated debentures.
Limitations
Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Corporation’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Corporation’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on management’s judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
(Continued)

32.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 13 — FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)
Off-balance-sheet risk
Some financial instruments, such as loan commitments, credit lines, letters of credit, and overdraft protection, are issued to meet customer financing needs. These are agreements to provide credit or to support the credit of others, as long as conditions established in the contract are met, and usually have expiration dates. Commitments may expire without being used. Off-balance-sheet risk to credit loss exists up to the face amount of these instruments, although material losses are not anticipated. The same credit policies are used to make such commitments as are used for loans, including obtaining collateral at exercise of the commitment.
The contractual amount of financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk was as follows at year-end (in thousands):
                 
    2007   2006
Commitments to make loans (at market rates)
  $ 35,633     $ 43,414  
Unused lines of credit and letters of credit
    74,506       72,869  
Commitments to make loans are generally made for periods of 90 days or less. At December 31, 2007, $7,886,000 of the outstanding loan commitments had fixed interest rates ranging from 6.25% to 7.50% and maturities ranging from one year to fifteen years.
(Continued)

33.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 14 — PARENT ONLY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The condensed financial information that follows presents the financial condition of Fentura Financial, Inc. (parent company only), along with the results of its operations and its cash flows.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31 (in thousands)
                 
   
2007
 
2006
ASSETS
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 842     $ 5,396  
Securities available for sale, at market
    2,738       2,309  
Equity Investment
    3,089       0  
Other assets
    63       143  
Investment in subsidiaries
    57,479       58,220  
     
 
  $ 64,211     $ 66,068  
     
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
               
Other liabilities
  $ 715     $ 750  
Subordinated debt
    14,000       14,000  
Stockholders equity
    49,496       51,318  
     
 
  $ 64,211     $ 66,068  
     
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years ended December 31 (in thousands)
                         
   
2007
 
2006
 
2005
Interest on securities
  $ 0     $ 0     $ 0  
Other income
    (198 )     1       3  
Dividends from subsidiaries
    2,208       6,849       2,158  
Interest expense
    (1,256 )     (1,264 )     (898 )
Operating expenses
    (352 )     (327 )     (270 )
(Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries) dividends in excess of earnings
    (1,462 )     (468 )     3,664  
     
Income/(loss) before income taxes
    (1,060 )     4,791       4,657  
Federal income tax expense (benefit)
    (593 )     (517 )     (397 )
     
Net income (loss)
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054  
     
(Continued)

34.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 14 — PARENT ONLY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Continued)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31 (in thousands)
                         
    2007   2006   2005
Cash flows from operating activities
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054  
Change in other assets
    201       38       429  
Change in other liabilities
    (35 )     383       (106 )
(Equity in undistributed income of subsidiary) dividends in excess of earnings
    1,462       468       (3,664 )
Net loss of equity investment
    199       0       0  
     
Net cash from operating activities
    1,360       6,197       1,713  
 
                       
Cash flows provided by investing activities
                       
Equity Investment
    (3,288 )     0       0  
Sales and maturities of securities-AFS
    0       0       0  
Purchases of securities-AFS
    (783 )     (213 )     (865 )
Investment in subsidiary
    0       (1,000 )     (500 )
     
Net cash from investing activities
    (4,071 )     (1,213 )     (1,365 )
 
                       
Cash flows used in financing activities
                       
Issuance of subordinated debt
    0       0       2,000  
Net short-term borrowings
    0       0       (750 )
Dividends paid
    (2,163 )     (2,069 )     (1,839 )
Stock repurchase
    (520 )     0       0  
Proceeds from stock issuance
    840       817       1,381  
     
Net cash from financing activities
    (1,843 )     (1,252 )     792  
     
 
                       
Change in cash and cash equivalents
    (4,554 )     3,732       1,140  
 
                       
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    5,396       1,664       524  
     
 
                       
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 842     $ 5,396     $ 1,664  
     
(Continued)

35.


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
NOTE 15 — SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA — UNAUDITED
The unaudited quarterly results of operations for 2007 and 2006 are as follows (in thousands except per share data):
                                 
    First   Second   Third   Fourth
    Quarter   Quarter   Quarter   Quarter
     
2007
 
Interest income
  $ 9,946     $ 9,942     $ 9,791     $ 9,535  
Interest expense
    4,546       4,550       4,694       4,831  
Provision for loan losses
    439       649       5,144       1,234  
Non-interest income
    1,865       2,028       1,970       1,716  
Non-interest expense
    5,496       5,598       5,236       5,504  
Income before income taxes
    1,330       1,173       (3,313 )     (318 )
     
Provision for income taxes
    382       329       (1,206 )     (166 )
     
Net Income (Loss)
  $ 948     $ 844     $ (2,107 )   $ (152 )
     
 
Earnings per share
                               
Basic
    0.44       0.39       (0.98 )     (0.07 )
Diluted
    0.44       0.39       (0.98 )     (0.07 )
Net income for the third and fourth quarters of 2007 includes the impact of $5,144,000 ($3,395,000 after tax or $1.57 per share) and $1,234,000 ($814,000 after tax, or $0.38 per share), respectively, of charges against earnings for additional provisions for loan losses primarily to address risks associated with loans to residential developers.
                                 
    First   Second   Third   Fourth
    Quarter   Quarter   Quarter   Quarter
     
2006
                               
Interest income
  $ 9,614     $ 9,979     $ 10,212     $ 10,111  
Interest expense
    3,748       4,134       4,510       4,516  
Provision for loan losses
    400       240       240       240  
Non-interest income
    1,797       1,888       1,940       2,018  
Non-interest expense
    5,569       5,713       5,503       5,201  
Income before income taxes
    1,694       1,780       1,899       2,172  
     
Provision for income taxes
    487       522       563       665  
     
Net Income
  $ 1,207     $ 1,258     $ 1,336     $ 1,507  
     
 
Earnings per share
                               
Basic
    .57       .59       .62       .70  
Diluted
    .56       .59       .62       .70  
(Continued)

36.


 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This section provides a narrative discussion and analysis of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Fentura Financial, Inc. (the Corporation), together with its subsidiaries, The State Bank, Davison State Bank, and West Michigan Community Bank (the Banks), as well as Fentura Mortgage Company and West Michigan Mortgage Company, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. The supplemental financial data included throughout this discussion should be read in conjunction with the primary financial statements presented on pages 4 through 36 of this report. It provides a more detailed and comprehensive review of operating results and financial position than could be obtained from a reading of the financial statements alone. The financial data and results of operations for West Michigan Community Bank are included only from the date of acquisition on March 15, 2004.
TABLE 1
Selected Financial Data
                                         
$ in thousands except per share data and ratios   2007   2006   2005   2004   2003
 
Summary of Consolidated Statements of Income:
                                       
Interest Income
  $ 39,214     $ 39,916     $ 33,878     $ 26,094     $ 18,438  
Interest Expense
    18,621       16,908       11,298       8,263       5,601  
     
Net Interest Income
    20,593       23,008       22,580       17,831       12,837  
Provision for Loan Losses
    7,466       1,120       1,389       1,389       1,319  
     
Net Interest Income after Provision
    13,127       21,888       21,191       16,442       11,518  
Total Other Operating Income
    7,579       7,643       6,882       7,292       6,866  
Total Other Operating Expense
    21,834       21,986       20,800       18,176       13,276  
     
Income (loss) Before Income Taxes
    (1,128 )     7,545       7,273       5,558       5,108  
Federal Income Taxes (Benefit)
    (661 )     2,237       2,219       1,524       1,320  
     
Net Income
  $ (467 )   $ 5,308     $ 5,054     $ 4,034     $ 3,788  
     
Earnings Per Share — Basic*
  $ (0.22 )   $ 2.48     $ 2.41     $ 1.95     $ 1.83  
Earnings Per Share — Diluted*
  $ (0.22 )   $ 2.47     $ 2.40     $ 1.94     $ 1.83  
 
Summary of Consolidated Balance Sheets:
                                       
Assets
  $ 628,019     $ 622,298     $ 619,089     $ 584,890     $ 419,966  
Securities, including FHLB stock
    80,477       105,035       116,693       131,429       126,856  
Loans, including loans held for sale
    473,058       453,219       440,398       395,017       254,340  
Deposits
    543,503       528,555       528,054       491,065       348,525  
Borrowings
    30,679       36,552       39,765       46,602       29,057  
Stockholders’ Equity
    49,496       51,318       46,895       42,969       40,882  
 
Other Financial and Statistical Data:
                                       
Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
    10.40 %     11.30 %     10.60 %     10.20 %     16.90 %
Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
    11.60 %     12.50 %     11.90 %     11.40 %     18.00 %
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets
    9.00 %     8.60 %     8.90 %     8.70 %     14.00 %
Total Cash Dividends
  $ 2,163     $ 2,069     $ 1,839     $ 1,758     $ 1,966  
Book Value Per Share*
  $ 22.88     $ 24.08     $ 22.07     $ 20.67     $ 19.74  
Cash Dividends Paid Per Share*
  $ 1.00     $ 0.94     $ 0.88     $ 0.84     $ 0.76  
Period End Market Price Per Share*
  $ 22.00     $ 32.75     $ 29.77     $ 33.41     $ 28.59  
Dividend Pay-out Ratio
    -463.17 %     38.98 %     36.39 %     43.58 %     51.90 %
Return on Average Stockholders’ Equity
    -0.89 %     10.82 %     11.09 %     9.72 %     9.32 %
Return on Average Assets
    -0.08 %     0.85 %     0.85 %     0.74 %     1.00 %
Net Interest Margin
    3.72 %     4.11 %     4.23 %     3.70 %     3.88 %
Total Equity to Assets at Period End
    7.88 %     8.25 %     7.57 %     7.34 %     9.73 %
 
*   Per Share data calculated using average shares outstanding in each period. Per share amounts and average shares outstanding have been adjusted to reflect a 10% stock dividend paid on August 4, 2006 and February 13, 2004.

37


 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Corporation had a net loss of ($467,000) for the year of 2007, a decrease of $5,775,000 or 108.8%. Net income decreased primarily due to loan losses and provision expense in connection with the decline in the Michigan economy and the resulting need for additional loan loss provision and charge-offs. As a result of the decline, several construction and land development commercial loan borrowers became unable to repay their obligations. This will be further discussed in the section on allowance and provision for loan losses. A decrease of net-interest income in 2007 of $2,400,000, was due to loans being placed on non-accrual status as well as an increase in the cost of deposits. These contributed to the decline in net income. Non-interest income decreased in 2007 by $64,000 or 0.8% from the non-interest income in the prior year. Non-interest expense decreased by $152,000 or 0.7%. We expect that interest rates will decrease in 2008, which could have a negative impact on our operations.
Standard performance indicators used in the banking industry help management evaluate the Corporation’s performance. Two of these performance indicators are return on average assets and return on average equity. For 2007, 2006, and 2005 respectively, the Corporation posted a return on average assets of (0.08%), 0.85%, and 0.85%. Return on average equity was (0.89%) in 2007, 10.82% in 2006, and 11.09% in 2005. While the Corporation maintained a strong capital position it had a decrease in equity of $1.8 million or 3.6% in 2007. Total assets increased $5.7 million in 2007, $3.2 million in 2006, and $34.2 million in 2005. Diluted earnings per share was of ($0.22) in 2007, $2.47 in 2006, and $2.40 in 2005 (adjusted for a 10% stock dividend paid on August 4, 2006).
NET INTEREST INCOME
Net interest income, the principal source of income, is the amount of interest income generated by earning assets (principally securities and loans) less interest expense paid on interest bearing liabilities (largely deposits and other borrowings).
A critical task of management is to price assets and liabilities so that the spread between the interest earned on assets and the interest paid on liabilities is maximized without unacceptable risk. While interest rates on interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities are subject to market forces, in general, the Corporation can exert more control over deposit costs than earning asset rates. Deposit costs are somewhat limited though due to the timing of repricing of time deposits. Loan products carry either fixed rates of interest or rates tied to market indices which are determined independently. The Corporation sets its own rates on deposits, providing management with some flexibility in determining the timing and proportion of rate changes for the cost of its deposits.
Table 2 summarizes the changes in net interest income resulting from changes in volume and rates for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. Net interest income (displayed with consideration of full tax equivalency), average balance sheet amounts, and the corresponding yields for the last three years are shown in Table 3. Tax equivalent net interest income decreased by $2,472,000 in 2007 or 10.5% and increased by $421,000 or 1.8% in 2006. The primary factors contributing to the decrease in net interest income in 2007 were an increase in loan volume at lower rates, caused by the decreases in the prime rate. The income from increased loan volume was reduced by increases in interest expenses, from higher costing deposits and borrowings, as a result the Corporation had a lower net interest income and lower net interest margin. Net interest income was also reduced by reversal of accrued interest income on loans that were re-classified to non-accrual status throughout the year.
As indicated in Table 3, for the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation’s net interest margin was 3.72% compared with 4.11% and 4.23% for the same period in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The decrease in 2007 could be attributed to declining interest income on loans due to non-performing loans and increasing deposit yields. The decrease in 2006 was due to higher earning asset yields resulting from prime rate increases during the year, these were more than offset with measured increases in the deposit yields.

38


 

Average earning assets decreased 1.1% in 2007, increased 4.7% in 2006, and increased 10.3% in 2005. Average earning assets decreased due to lower securities and fed funds sold. Loan balances, the highest yielding component of earning assets, represented 81.7% of earning assets in 2007, compared to 79.1% in 2006 and increased 77.4% in 2005. Average interest bearing liabilities decreased 0.8% in 2007, increased 5.5% in 2006, and increased 9.0% in 2005. Non-interest bearing deposits amounted to 13.3% of average earning assets in 2007 compared with 13.5% in 2006 and 14.9% in 2005.
TABLE 2
Changes in Net Interest Income
Due to Changes in Average Volume
and Interest Rates
Years Ended December 31,
                                                   
    INCREASE     INCREASE
    (DECREASE)     (DECREASE)
    2007     2006
    DUE     DUE
    TO:     TO:
            YIELD/                     YIELD/    
(000’s omitted)   VOL   RATE   TOTAL     VOL   RATE   TOTAL
       
TAXABLE SECURITIES
  $ (372 )   $ 125     $ (247 )     $ (226 )   $ 448     $ 222  
TAX-EXEMPT SECURITIES
    (210 )     78       (132 )       (127 )     150       23  
FEDERAL FUNDS SOLD
    (198 )     (2 )     (200 )       215       124       339  
     
TOTAL LOANS
    790       (968 )     (178 )       2,178       3,299       5,477  
LOANS HELD FOR SALE
    2       (4 )     (2 )       (37 )     7       (30 )
           
     
TOTAL EARNING ASSETS
    12       (771 )     (759 )       2,003       4,028       6,031  
     
INTEREST BEARING DEMAND DEPOSITS
    (120 )     83       (37 )       (121 )     828       707  
SAVINGS DEPOSITS
    (131 )     69       (62 )       (284 )     141       (143 )
TIME CDs $100,000 AND OVER
    1,018       (103 )     915         1,748       1,447       3,195  
OTHER TIME DEPOSITS
    (253 )     1,098       845         685       909       1,594  
OTHER BORROWINGS
    (187 )     239       52         (333 )     590       257  
           
     
TOTAL INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES
    327       1,386       1,713         1,695       3,915       5,610  
           
     
NET INTEREST INCOME
  $ (315 )   $ (2,157 )   $ (2,472 )     $ 308     $ 113     $ 421  
           

39


 

TABLE 3
Summary of Net Interest Income
Years Ended December 31,
                                                                         
    2007     2006     2005  
    AVG                     AVG                     AVG              
(000’s omitted)   BAL     INC/EXP     YIELD     BAL     INC/EXP     YIELD     BAL     INC/EXP     YIELD  
     
ASSETS
                                                                       
Securities:
                                                                       
U.S. Treasury and Government
                                                                       
Agencies
  $ 73,051     $ 3,120       4.27 %   $ 84,099     $ 3,348       3.98 %   $ 91,280     $ 3,141       3.44 %
State and Political (1)
    17,716       1,094       6.17 %     21,376       1,226       5.73 %     23,892       1,203       5.04 %
Other
    6,641       105       1.58 %     4,304       124       2.88 %     3,733       109       2.89 %
             
Total Securities
    97,408       4,319       4.43 %     109,779       4,698       4.28 %     118,905       4,453       3.74 %
Fed Funds Sold
    6,082       303       4.98 %     10,045       503       5.01 %     4,347       164       3.77 %
Loans:
                                                                       
Commercial
    359,262       27,276       7.59 %     343,702       26,820       7.80 %     307,746       21,527       7.00 %
Tax Free (1)
    3,552       233       6.57 %     4,217       271       6.43 %     4,844       308       6.35 %
Real Estate-Mortgage
    38,047       2,531       6.65 %     36,330       2,638       7.26 %     36,409       2,690       7.39 %
Consumer
    60,057       4,893       8.15 %     66,526       5,382       8.09 %     72,064       5,109       7.09 %
             
Total loans
    460,918       34,933       7.58 %     450,775       35,111       7.79 %     421,063       29,634       7.04 %
Allowance for Loan Loss
    (8,014 )                     (6,632 )                     (5,975 )                
Net Loans
    452,904       34,933       7.71 %     444,143       35,111       7.91 %     415,088       29,634       7.14 %
             
Loans Held for Sale
    1,662       110       6.62 %     1,626       112       6.89 %     2,215       142       6.41 %
             
TOTAL EARNING ASSETS
    566,070       39,665       7.01 %     572,225       40,424       7.06 %     546,530       34,393       6.29 %
     
Cash Due from Banks
    17,321                       18,155                       20,067                  
All Other Assets
    45,500                       39,663                       36,823                  
 
                                                                 
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 620,877                     $ 623,411                     $ 597,445                  
 
                                                                 
LIABILITIES & SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
                                                                       
Deposits:
                                                                       
Interest bearing — DDA
  $ 98,172     $ 2,358       2.40 %   $ 103,356     $ 2,395       2.32 %   $ 111,670     $ 1,688       1.51 %
Savings Deposits
    88,943       1,190       1.34 %     99,339       1,252       1.26 %     125,031       1,395       1.12 %
Time CD’s $100,000 and Over
    152,305       7,130       4.68 %     130,860       6,215       4.75 %     83,120       3,020       3.63 %
Other Time CD’s
    114,182       5,726       5.01 %     120,427       4,881       4.05 %     99,928       3,287       3.29 %
             
Total Interest Bearing Deposits
    453,602       16,404       3.62 %     453,982       14,743       3.25 %     419,749       9,390       2.24 %
Other Borrowings
    35,868       2,217       6.18 %     39,268       2,165       5.51 %     47,697       1,908       4.00 %
             
INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES
    489,470       18,621       3.80 %     493,250       16,908       3.43 %     467,446       11,298       2.42 %
     
Non-interest bearing — DDA
    75,177                       77,256                       81,471                  
All Other Liabilities
    4,008                       3,832                       2,935                  
Shareholders Equity
    52,222                       49,073                       45,593                  
 
                                                                 
TOTAL LIABILITIES and S/H EQUITY
  $ 620,877                     $ 623,411                     $ 597,445                  
 
                                                           
Net Interest Rate Spread
                    3.20 %                     3.64 %                     3.88 %
Impact of Non-Interest Bearing Funds on Margin
                    0.51 %                     0.47 %                     0.35 %
 
                                                                 
Net Interest Income/Margin
          $ 21,044       3.72 %           $ 23,516       4.11 %           $ 23,095       4.23 %
 
                                                           
(1) — Presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 34%.

40


 

ALLOWANCE AND PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES
The allowance for loan losses reflects management’s judgment as to the level considered appropriate to absorb probable incurred losses in the loan portfolio. The Corporation’s methodology in determining the adequacy of the allowance is based on ongoing quarterly assessments and relies on several key elements, which include specific allowances for identified problem loans and a formula based risk allocated allowance for the remainder of the portfolio. This includes a review of individual loans, size and composition of the loan portfolio, historical loss experience, current economic conditions, financial condition of borrowers, the level and composition of non-performing loans, portfolio trends, estimated net charge-offs, and other pertinent factors. Although reserves have been allocated to various portfolio segments, the allowance is general in nature and is available for the portfolio in its entirety. At December 31, 2007, the allowance for loan losses was $8,554,000 or 1.81% of total loans. This compares with $6,692,000 or 1.48% at December 31, 2006 and $6,301,000, or 1.43%, at December 31, 2005. Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is appropriate given identified risk in the loan portfolio based on asset quality.
The provision for loan losses was $7,466,000 in 2007 and $1,120,000 and $1,389,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Provision for 2007 increased from the 2006 level by $6,346,000. The amount of provision taken for the year is a direct output of the calculation of loan loss adequacy. The Banks review loan loss adequacy on a quarterly basis. The increase for the year was due to approximately $20,410,000 in loan growth year to year, and the downgrading of a number of loans, which required additional, substantial provision be provided for them. The substantial climb in the 2007 provision for loan loss was to provide specific reserves for non-performing construction and land development loans, increased charge-offs and continuing decline in the Michigan economy. In addition, the Banks had substantial charge-offs of non-performing assets of $5,859,000 for 2007. The 2006 provision for loan losses reflected the normal course of business for that year.
In 2007, the Corporation continued commercial loan growth. Commercial loans increased $46,153,000 from 2006 year end. Real estate construction and mortgage loans decreased $21,085,000 from year end 2006. The decline in real estate construction and mortgage loans was primarily due to management efforts to reduce exposure and the diminishing demand for these types of loans given the surplus of available homes in the market. In 2007, the Corporation also recognized the need to charge-off several construction and land development loans. The construction and land development classified loans are further broken into their various stages of completion. The Corporation has $59,805,000 of these loans on the books. Of that $48,799,000 are loans still accruing interest, while $11,006,000 is no longer accruing interest. In the construction and land development portfolio, 23% of the loans are vacant land or infrastructure in process, 26% have had construction commence and the remaining 51% are completed projects. With the concentration of loans the Corporation has in construction and land development, it has elected to form a Special Asset Group to monitor this line of lending. The Special Asset Group (SAG) was also developed to act as an action group for watch credits and in the collection of credits that have already been classified as loss or doubtful. While there was a sharp rise in non-performing loans in 2007, management believes that the creation of the SAG will assist in mitigating non-performing loan impact in 2008. Additionally, with the establishment of the SAG and the nature of its focus, the Corporation expects an increase in loan and collection expenses in 2008 as this group works through troubled credits.
Table 4 summarizes loan losses and recoveries from 2003 through 2007. During 2007, the Corporation experienced net charge-offs of $5,604,000, compared with net charge-offs of $729,000 and $589,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The year to year increase in charge offs was due to an increase in commercial loan charge-offs by $4,437,000 year to year. Of that, $3,816,000 was construction and land development loans. Also, consumer loan charge-offs increased by $359,000, and a mortgage charge-offs by $186,000. Total recoveries increased by $107,000 comparing 2007 with 2006. The net charge-off ratio is the difference of charged-off loans minus the recoveries from loans divided by average gross loans. Accordingly, the net charge-off ratio for 2007 was 1.19% compared to 0.16% and 0.14% at the end of 2006 and 2005, respectively. The net charge-off ratio increased in 2007 due to higher charge offs, primarily in the commercial portfolio, however other increases occurred in the mortgage and consumer loan portfolios.

41


 

The Corporation is evaluating a re-definition of certain loan grades that, if implemented, may impact the provision for loan losses in the first quarter of 2008. This change in loan grade definitions will result in some loans falling into different loan grades, and as a result, may impact the general allocation component of the allowance for loan losses. Management has not yet completed its analysis of the loan grade changes, but has concluded the impact of any such changes would not have a material impact on the calculation if it were applied at December 31, 2007.
The Corporation maintains formal policies and procedures to control and monitor credit risk. Management believes the allowance for loan losses is adequate to meet normal credit risks in the loan portfolio. The Corporation has identified a concentration level connected with construction and land development loans. Specific strategies have been developed to reduce the concentration level and limit exposure to this type of lending in the future. The Corporation’s loan portfolio has no exposure in foreign loans. The Corporation has not extended credit to finance highly leveraged transactions nor does it intend to do so in the future. The Michigan economy, employment levels and other economic conditions in the Corporation’s local markets may have a significant impact on the level of credit losses. Management continues to identify and devote attention to credits that may not be performing as agreed. Non-performing loans are discussed further in the section titled “Non-Performing Assets”.
TABLE 4
Analysis of the Allowance for Loan Losses
                                         
    Years Ended December 31,
(000’s omitted)   2007   2006   2005   2004   2003
 
Balance Beginning of Period
  $ 6,692     $ 6,301     $ 5,501     $ 3,414     $ 3,184  
     
Charge-offs:
                                       
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural
    (4,991 )     (554 )     (405 )     (365 )     (940 )
Real Estate-Construction
    0       0       0       0       0  
Real Estate-Mortgage
    (186 )     0       0       0       0  
Installment Loans to Individuals
    (682 )     (323 )     (360 )     (306 )     (455 )
     
Total Charge-offs
    (5,859 )     (877 )     (765 )     (671 )     (1,395 )
     
Recoveries:
                                       
Commercial and Financial
    155       51       70       38       168  
Real Estate-Construction
    0       0       0       0       0  
Real Estate-Mortgage
    1       0       0       0       0  
Installment Loans to Individuals
    99       97       106       172       138  
     
Total Recoveries
    255       148       176       210       306  
     
Net Charge-offs
    (5,604 )     (729 )     (589 )     (461 )     (1,089 )
     
Provision for loan losses
    7,466       1,120       1,389       1,389       1,319  
     
Addition from WMCB acquisition
    0       0       0       1,159       0  
     
Balance at End of Period
  $ 8,554     $ 6,692     $ 6,301     $ 5,501     $ 3,414  
     
Ratio of Net Charge-Offs During the Period
    1.19 %     0.16 %     0.14 %     0.12 %     0.43 %

42


 

NON-INTEREST INCOME
Non-interest income was $7,579,000 in 2007, $7,643,000 and $6,882,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. These amounts represent a decrease of 0.8% in 2007 compared to 2006, and an increase of 11.1% in 2006 compared to 2005.
The most significant category of non-interest income is service charges on deposit accounts. These fees were $3,421,000 in 2007, compared to $3,708,000 and $3,445,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. This was a decrease of $287,000 or 7.7% in 2007 and increase of $263,000 or 7.6% in 2006. The decrease in 2007 was due to a decrease in NSF and overdraft privilege fees. The increase in 2006 was due to an increase in NSF and overdraft privilege fees.
Gains on the sale of mortgage loans originated by the Banks and sold in the secondary market were $402,000 in 2007, $615,000 in 2006, and $842,000 in 2005. The decrease of 34.8% in 2007 is due to a stagnant to declining mortgage market. The Corporation sells the majority of the mortgage loans originated in the secondary market on a servicing released basis. For 2008, Management anticipates gains on the sale of mortgage loans to remain steady. This is due to declining interest rates, which could provide consumers the ability to refinance their mortgage and the Corporation to collect additional fee income from the sale of such loans.
Trust and investment income increased $347,000 or 22.3% in 2007 to $1,901,000 compared with $1,554,000 in 2006 and $1,157,000 in 2005. The 22.3% increase is due to favorable changes in the market value of trust and investment assets as well as substantial growth in financial planning and brokerage assets. Management is anticipating continued growth in trust and investment income in 2008.
Other income and fees includes income from the sale of checks, safe deposit box rent, merchant account income, ATM income, and other miscellaneous income items. Other income and fees were $1,853,000 in 2007 compared to $1,768,000 and $1,587,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Other income increased 4.9%, due to an increase in gains on sale of fixed assets, servicing income from non-corporate affiliates and an increase in building rental income due to the buy-out of a lease. This resulted in significant one-time non-interest income of approximately $100,000.
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
In 2007, the Corporation sought ways to be more efficient and manage overhead costs. As a result, total non-interest expense was $21,834,000 in 2007 compared to $21,986,000 in 2006 and $20,800,000 in 2005. This was a decrease of 0.7% in 2007 and an increase of 5.7% in 2006.
Salaries and employee benefits, the Corporation’s largest operating expense category, were $12,183,000 in 2007, compared with $12,738,000 in 2006 and $11,983,000 in 2005. The decrease between 2007 and 2006 was a result of limited performance payments to employees and decreases in staff. A portion of the increase between 2006 and 2005 was due to the opening of a new branch in Grand Blanc, along with annual salary increases and increases in health care expenses.
Occupancy expenses associated with the Corporation’s facilities were $2,090,000 in 2007 compared to $1,858,000 in 2006 and $1,673,000 in 2005. In 2007, this was an increase of 12.5% and in 2006 an increase of 11.1%. The increase in 2007 was due to the acquisition of a new bank building in Livingston County and the opening of a new office in Holland and their related depreciation expense, as well as increases in general utility and property tax expenses. These were partially offset by decreases in lease payment expenses with the closure of an office of West Michigan Community Bank at the end of September 2007.
In 2007, equipment expenses were $2,139,000 compared to $2,140,000 in 2006 and $2,080,000 in 2005. These result in a decrease of 0.1% in 2007 compared to an increase of 2.9% in 2006. The 2007 expense

43


 

was nearly flat compared to 2006. This was due to an increase in equipment depreciation, rental and lease expenses, which were nearly offset by decreases in leasehold improvement expenses as several leased properties came to the end of their lease contract periods. The increase in 2006 was due to the opening of a new branch office in Grand Blanc.
Loan and collection expenses were $753,000 in 2007 compared to $320,000 in 2006 and $388,000 in 2005. The increase was due to significant increases in relation to other real estate owned resulting from the declining Michigan economy. Several properties were taken into ORE and additional valuation adjustments totaling $299,100 were made during the fourth quarter, as real estate prices continued to decline during 2007. These valuation adjustments along with other maintenance and property taxes for these properties accounted for $408,000 of the additional expense from 2007 to 2006. The decrease from 2006 to 2005 can be attributed to management’s increased monitoring of troubled credits and taking prompt action.
Advertising expenses were $486,000 in 2007 compared to $624,000 in 2006 and $627,000 in 2005. While maintaining market presence, the Corporation was able to reduce advertising expense. Advertising expenses had a minor decline between 2006 and 2005. The Corporation continues to remain focused on targeted advertising in all of its markets to continue growth.
Other professional service fees include audit fees, consulting fees, legal fees, and various other professional services. Other professional services were $1,143,000 in 2007 compared to $1,066,000 in 2006 and $949,000 in 2005. The increase of 7.2% was comprised of increases in legal fees and audit fees. They were partially offset by decreases in state exam fees and other professional services. The increase of 12.3% in 2006 was due to higher legal, audit and exam fees.
Other general and administrative expenses, including telephone and communication services, were $3,040,000 in 2007 compared to $3,240,000 in 2006 and $2,722,000 in 2005. The decrease of 6.2% in 2007 was due to decreases in state business tax, ATM network expense and other losses and operating expenses. These were partially offset by increases in FDIC assessment expenses, supply and communication expenses.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Proper management of the volume and composition of the Corporation’s earning assets and funding sources is essential for ensuring strong and consistent earnings performance, maintaining adequate liquidity and limiting exposure to risks caused by changing market conditions. The Corporation’s securities portfolio is structured to provide a source of liquidity through maturities and to generate an income stream with relatively low levels of principal risk. The Corporation does not engage in securities trading. Loans comprise the largest component of earning assets and are the Corporation’s highest yielding assets. Client deposits are the primary source of funding for earning assets while short-term debt and other sources of funds could be utilized if market conditions and liquidity needs change.
The Corporation’s total assets averaged $621 million for 2007 declining from the 2006 average of $623 million by $2.5 million or 0.4%. Average loans comprised 74.2% of total average assets during 2007 compared to 72.3% in 2006. Loans grew $10.1 million on average, with commercial and tax-exempt loans leading the advance by $14.9 million or 4.1%. The ratio of average non-interest bearing deposits to total deposits was 14.2% in 2007 compared to 14.5% in 2006. Interest bearing deposits comprised 92.7% of total average interest bearing liabilities during 2007, up from 92.0% during 2006. The Corporation’s year-end total assets were $628 million for 2007 up from $622 million in 2006. The increase was due to continued loan demand in 2007.

44


 

SECURITIES PORTFOLIO
Securities totaled $80,477,000 at December 31, 2007 compared to $103,003,000 at December 31, 2006. This was a decrease of $22,526,000 or 21.9%. At December 31, 2007 these securities comprised 14.3% of earning assets, down from 19.2% at December 31, 2006. The Corporation considers all of its securities as available for sale except for Michigan tax-exempt securities and a few mortgage backed securities, which are classified as held to maturity. Increases in loan balances from new loan growth in 2007 exceeded the amount of deposit growth. The decrease in securities in 2007 funded the loan growth, along with $14,948,000 in deposit growth. Thus, federal funds sold decreased $2,200,000 comparing year—end 2007 to year-end 2006. Federal funds sold were $7,300,000 at December 31, 2007 compared with $9,500,000 at December 31, 2006.
The Corporation’s present policies, with respect to the classification of securities, are discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. As of December 31, 2007, the estimated aggregate fair value of the Corporation’s securities portfolio was $685,000 below amortized cost. At December 31, 2007, gross unrealized gains were $314,000 and gross unrealized losses were $999,000. A summary of estimated fair values and unrealized gains and losses for the major components of the securities portfolio is provided in Item 1 of the 10-K.

45


 

TABLE 5
Analysis and Maturities of Securities
                         
    Amortized   Fair    
(000’s omitted)   Cost   Value   Yield(1)
AVAILABLE FOR SALE
                       
U.S. Agencies
                       
One year or less
  $ 6,000     $ 5,984       3.94 %
Over one through five years
    13,000       13,016       4.45 %
Over five through ten years
    2,148       2,152       5.00 %
Over ten years
    0       0       0.00 %
             
Total
    21,148       21,152          
Mortgage-Backed
                       
One year or less
  $ 0     $ 0       0.00 %
Over one through five years
    9,083       8,859       4.11 %
Over five through ten years
    3,930       3,840       4.25 %
Over ten years
    28,071       27,863       5.05 %
             
Total
    41,084       40,562          
State and Political
                       
One year or less
  $ 276     $ 275       6.89 %
Over one through five years
    0       0       0.00 %
Over five through ten years
    3,363       3,356       6.72 %
Over ten years
    3,220       3,192       5.93 %
             
Total
    6,859       6,823          
Equity Securities
  $ 3,406     $ 3,255          
HELD TO MATURITY
                       
Mortgage-Backed
                       
One year or less
  $ 0     $ 0       0.00 %
Over one through five years
    6       6       9.13 %
Over five through ten years
    0       0       0.00 %
Over ten years
    0       0       0.00 %
             
Total
    6       6          
State and Political
                       
One year or less
  $ 1,471     $ 1,472       5.73 %
Over one through five years
    3,728       3,747       6.11 %
Over five through ten years
    2,860       2,866       6.61 %
Over ten years
    620       623       6.25 %
             
Total
    8,679       8,708          
             
 
                       
Total Securities
  $ 81,182     $ 80,506          
             
 
(1)   Tax equivalent yield

46


 

LOAN PORTFOLIO
The Corporation extends credit primarily within in its local markets in Genesee, Oakland, Livingston, Kent and Ottawa counties. The Corporation’s commercial loan portfolio is widely diversified but includes a concentration in construction and land development, as discussed previously and in the following paragraph. The Corporation’s loan portfolio balances are summarized in Table 6.
Total loans increased $20,410,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007, with total loans comprising 81.4% of earning assets as compared to 78.8% of December 31, 2006 earning assets. There were many economic challenges in the State of Michigan in 2007. Continued declines in the automotive industry contributed to steepening unemployment rates and a declining population. Even with these burdening challenges, the Corporation achieved substantial commercial loan growth. In 2007, commercial loans increased $46,153,000 or 16.9% to $318,555,000. Real estate construction and mortgage loans decreased $21,085,000 or 18.2% in 2007. The decline was primarily in the real estate construction portfolio as this type of loan demand diminished given the surplus of homes available in the housing market. Additional decreases in loans were due to charge-offs of several construction and land development loans in 2007. Consumer loans decreased $4,658,000 or 7.4% in 2007. In 2006, commercial loans increased $17,904,000 to $272,402,000 or 7.0%. Additionally, real estate construction and development loans increased $2,541,000 or 3.3% to $78,927,000 at December 31, 2006. Consumer loans decreased $8,048,000 or 11.4% in 2006.
Management expects the economy to remain soft during 2008 and the banks will continue to seek out new loan opportunities while continuing its efforts to maintain sound credit quality.
TABLE 6
Loan Portfolio
                                         
December 31,                    
(000’s omitted)   2007   2006   2005   2004   2003
Commercial
  $ 318,555     $ 272,402     $ 254,498     $ 229,012     $ 146,450  
Real estate — construction
    54,892       78,927       76,386       61,278       32,913  
Real estate — mortgage
    39,817       36,867       37,627       32,705       18,335  
Consumer
    58,139       62,797       70,845       70,435       55,547  
     
Total
  $ 471,403     $ 450,993     $ 439,356     $ 393,430     $ 253,245  
     
The Corporation originates primarily residential and commercial real estate loans, commercial, construction, and consumer loans. The Corporation estimates that the majority of the loan portfolio is based in Genesee, Oakland and Livingston counties within southeast Michigan and Kent and Ottawa counties in western Michigan. The ability of the Corporation’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent upon the general economic conditions in the markets we serve.
TABLE 7
Maturities of the Loan Portfolio by Loan Type
                                 
    Within     One-     After        
December 31, 2007   One     Five     Five        
(000’s omitted)   Year     Years     Years     Total  
Commercial
  $ 92,467     $ 190,084     $ 36,004     $ 318,555  
Real estate — construction
    48,244       5,379       1,269       54,892  
Real estate — mortgage
    6,010       10,750       23,057       39,817  
Consumer
    7,862       33,441       16,836       58,139  
 
                       
 
  $ 154,583     $ 239,654     $ 77,166     $ 471,403  
 
                       

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TABLE 8
Maturities of the Loan Portfolio by Rate Categories
                                 
    Within     One-     After        
December 31, 2007   One     Five     Five        
(000’s omitted)   Year     Years     Years     Total  
Loans:
                               
Fixed Rate
  $ 60,864     $ 199,931     $ 50,725     $ 311,520  
Variable Rate
    93,719       39,723       26,441       159,883  
 
                       
 
  $ 154,583     $ 239,654     $ 77,166     $ 471,403  
 
                       
Credit risk is managed via specific credit approvals and monitoring procedures. The Corporation’s outside loan review function examines the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis for compliance with credit policies and to assess the overall credit quality of the loan portfolio. These procedures provide management with information on an ongoing basis for setting appropriate direction and taking corrective action as needed.
The Corporation closely monitors its construction and commercial mortgage loan portfolios. Construction loans at December 31, 2007, which comprised 11.6% of total loans, totaled $54,892,000 as compared to $78,927,000 and $76,386,000 at the end of 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The construction and commercial real estate loan properties are located principally in the Corporation’s local markets. Included are loans to various industrial and professional organizations. The Corporation believes that the portfolio is reasonably well diversified.
NON-PERFORMING ASSETS
Non-performing assets include loans on which interest accruals have ceased, real estate acquired through foreclosure, loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing and renegotiated loans. Table 9 represents the levels of these assets at December 31, 2003 through 2007. Non-performing assets increased substantially at December 31, 2007 as compared to 2006. Other Real Estate Owned increased $756,000 in 2007. The composition of Other Real Estate Owned is eleven commercial and three residential properties totaling $2,003,000. Other Real Estate in Redemption increased to $1,829,000 at the end of 2007 from $216,000 at the end of 2006. Real Estate Owned in Redemption balance is comprised of five commercial and four residential properties. Non-performing loans increased by $8,439,000 as compared to December 31, 2006. This was due to a substantial increase in non-accrual loans of $10,702,000 as compared to December 31, 2006. The composition of the added non-accrual loans was largely from commercial real estate and development loans. Loans past due over 90 days and still accruing interest decreased $2,257,000 during this period. The decrease was due to a payoff of a $1,963,000 account on January 31, 2007.
The level and composition of non-performing assets are both affected by economic conditions in the Corporation’s local markets. Non-performing assets, charge-offs, and provisions for loan losses tend to decline in a strong economy and increase in a weak economy, potentially impacting the Corporation’s operating results. In addition to non-performing loans, management carefully monitors other credits that are current in terms of principal and interest payments but, in management’s opinion, may deteriorate in quality if economic conditions change.

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TABLE 9
Non-Performing Assets and Past Due Loans (000’s omitted)
                                         
    December 31,
    2007   2006   2005   2004   2003
Non-Performing Loans:
                                       
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More & Still Accruing
  $ 54     $ 2,311     $ 80     $ 91     $ 47  
Non-Accrual Loans
    13,056       2,354       1,476       1,102       229  
Renegotiated Loans
    431       437       1,401       477       1,262  
     
Total Non-Performing Loans
    13,541       5,102       2,957       1,670       1,538  
     
Other Non-Performing Assets:
                                       
Other Real Estate
    2,003       1,247       500       208       1,081  
Other Real Estate Owned in Redemption
    1,829       216       0       856       184  
Other Non-Performing Assets
    155       155       6       4       79  
     
Total Other Non-Performing Assets
    3,987       1,618       506       1,068       1,344  
     
Total Non-Performing Assets
  $ 17,528     $ 6,720     $ 3,463     $ 2,738     $ 2,882  
     
Non-Performing Loans as a % of
                                       
Total Loans
    2.86 %     1.13 %     0.67 %     0.70 %     0.61 %
Non-Performing Assets as a % of
                                       
Total Loans and Other Real Estate
    3.70 %     1.48 %     0.79 %     0.69 %     1.13 %
Allowance for Loan Losses as a % of
                                       
Non-Performing Loans
    63.18 %     131.16 %     213.09 %     350.16 %     221.98 %
Accruing Loans Past Due 90 Days or More to Total Loans
    0.01 %     0.51 %     0.02 %     0.02 %     0.20 %
Non-performing Assets as a % of
                                       
Total Assets
    2.79 %     1.08 %     0.56 %     0.47 %     0.69 %
Table 10 reflects the allocation of the allowance for loan losses and is based upon ranges of estimates and is not intended to imply either limitations on the usage of the allowance or precision of the specific amounts. The Corporation does not view the allowance for loan losses as being divisible among the various categories of loans. The entire allowance is available to absorb any future losses without regard to the category or categories in which the charged-off loans are classified. Table 10 also reflects the percentage ratio of outstanding loans by category to total loans at the end of each of the respective years.
TABLE 10
Allocation of the Allowance for Loan Losses
                                                                                 
December 31,   2007 2006 2005 2004 2003
(000’s omitted)   Amount   Loan %   Amount   Loan %   Amount   Loan %   Amount   Loan %   Amount   Loan %
Commercial and construction
  $ 7,321       79.22 %   $ 5,657       77.90 %   $ 5,339       75.31 %   $ 4,600       73.79 %   $ 2,624       70.83 %
Real estate mortgage
    389       8.45 %     328       8.17 %     263       8.56 %     312       8.31 %     207       7.24 %
Consumer
    767       12.33 %     623       13.93 %     593       16.13 %     508       17.90 %     576       21.93 %
Unallocated
    77               84               106               81               7          
 
Total
  $ 8,554       100.00 %   $ 6,692       100.00 %   $ 6,301       100.00 %   $ 5,501       100.00 %   $ 3,414       100.00 %
     

49


 

The following describes the Corporation’s policy and related disclosures for impaired loans. The Corporation maintains an allowance for impaired loans. A loan is considered impaired when management determines it is probable that the principal and interest due under the contractual terms of the loan will not be collected. In most instances, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. Impairment may also be measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. Interest income on impaired non-accrual loans is recognized on a cash basis. Interest income on all other impaired loans is recorded on an accrual basis.
Certain of the Corporation’s non-performing loans included in Table 9 are considered impaired. The Corporation measures impairment on all large balance non-accrual commercial loans. Certain large balance accruing loans rated watch or lower are also measured for impairment. Impairment losses are believed to be adequately covered by the provision for loan losses. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment and include certain smaller balance commercial loans, consumer loans, residential real estate loans, and credit card loans, and are not included in the impaired loan data in the following paragraphs.
At December 31, 2007, loans considered to be impaired totaled $29,293,000. Specific allowances totaling $2,751,000 were required for $18,186,000 in loan balances, and the remaining impaired loans do not require specific reserves. The average balance in impaired loans was $17,073,000 in 2007. The interest income recognized on impaired loans based on cash collections totaled $2,120,000 during 2007.
At December 31, 2006, loans considered to be impaired totaled $4,762,000. Specific allowances totaling $606,000 were required for $3,397,000 in loan balances, and the remaining impaired loans do not require specific reserves. The average balance in impaired loans was $4,439,000 in 2006. The interest income recognized on impaired loans based on cash collections totaled $284,000 during 2006.
The Corporation maintains policies and procedures to identify and monitor non-accrual loans. A loan is placed on non-accrual status when there is doubt regarding collection of principal or interest, or when principal or interest is past due 90 days or more. Interest accrued but not collected is reversed against income for the current quarter and charged to the allowance for loan losses for prior quarters when the loan is placed on non-accrual status.
DEPOSITS
TABLE 11
Average Deposits
                                                                                 
    2007   2006   2005   2004   2003
Years Ended December 31,   Average   Average   Average   Average   Average
(000’s omitted)   Balance   Rate   Balance   Rate   Balance   Rate   Balance   Rate   Balance   Rate
Non-int. bearing demand
  $ 75,177             $ 77,256             $ 81,471             $ 73,553             $ 52,853          
Interest-bearing demand
    98,172       2.40 %     103,356       2.32 %     111,670       1.51 %     108,704       1.10 %     53,897       0.94 %
Savings
    88,943       1.34 %     99,339       1.26 %     125,031       1.12 %     149,099       1.53 %     117,138       1.17 %
Time
    266,487       4.82 %     251,287       4.73 %     183,048       3.45 %     130,115       2.71 %     102,563       3.35 %
     
Total
  $ 528,779       3.10 %   $ 531,238       2.89 %   $ 501,220       1.87 %   $ 461,471       1.52 %   $ 326,451       1.63 %
     
The Corporation’s average deposit balances and rates for the past five years are summarized in Table 11. Total average deposits were 0.5% lower in 2007 as compared to 2006. Deposit growth was primarily in time deposit accounts, while declining averages resulted in non-interest bearing demand, interest bearing demand and savings accounts. Interest-bearing demand average deposits comprised 18.6% of total average deposits, savings average deposits comprised 16.8% of total average deposits, and time average deposits comprised 50.4% of total average deposits.

50


 

As of December 31, 2007 certificates of deposit of $100,000 or more accounted for approximately 29.6% of total deposits compared to 25.9% at December 31, 2006. The maturities of these deposits are summarized in Table 12.
TABLE 12
Maturity of Time Certificates of Deposit of $100,000 or More
                 
    December 31,
(000’s omitted)   2007   2006
Three months or less
  $ 41,891     $ 37,216  
Over three through six months
    22,833       29,661  
Over six through twelve months
    19,451       16,832  
Over twelve months
    76,458       53,269  
     
Total
  $ 160,633     $ 136,978  
     
Repurchase agreements are secured by mortgage-backed securities held by a third party trustee with a carrying amount of $9.7 million at year-end 2007. These agreements are fixed rate financing arrangements that mature in 2008 ($5,000,000). At maturity, the securities underlying the agreements are returned to the Corporation. These repurchase agreements were used as part of the securities leverage strategy to help enhance net interest income for the Corporation.
FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
The Corporation’s effective tax rate was (58.6%) for 2007, 29.7% for 2006, and 30.5% for 2005. The principal difference between the effective tax rates and the statutory tax rate of 34% is the Corporation’s investment in securities and loans, which provide income exempt from federal income tax. Additional information relating to federal income taxes is included in Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
LIQUIDITY AND INTEREST RATE RISK MANAGEMENT
Asset/Liability management is designed to assure liquidity and reduce interest rate risks. The goal in managing interest rate risk is to maintain a strong and relatively stable net interest margin. It is the responsibility of the Asset/Liability Management Committee (ALCO) to set policy guidelines and to establish short-term and long-term strategies with respect to interest rate exposure and liquidity. The ALCO, which is comprised of key members of senior management, meets regularly to review financial performance and soundness, including interest rate risk and liquidity exposure in relation to present and prospective markets, business conditions, and product lines. Accordingly, the committee adopts funding and balance sheet management strategies that are intended to maintain earnings, liquidity, and growth rates consistent with policy and prudent business standards. Liquidity maintenance, together with a solid capital base and strong earnings performance are key objectives of the Corporation. The Corporation’s liquidity is derived from a strong deposit base comprised of individual and business deposits. Deposit accounts of customers in the mature market represent a substantial portion of deposits of individuals. The Corporation’s deposit base plus other funding sources (federal funds purchased, other liabilities and shareholders’ equity) provided primarily all funding needs in 2007, 2006, and 2005. While these sources of funds are expected to continue to be available to provide funds in the future, the mix and availability of funds will depend upon future economic and market conditions. The Corporation does not foresee any difficulty in meeting its funding requirements.

51


 

Primary liquidity is provided through short-term investments or borrowings (including federal funds sold and purchased), while the security portfolio provides secondary liquidity along with FHLB advances. As of December 31, 2007, federal funds sold represented 1.2% of total assets, compared to 1.5% at the end of 2006. The Corporation regularly monitors liquidity to ensure adequate cash flows to cover unanticipated reductions in the availability of funding sources.
Interest rate risk is managed by controlling and limiting the level of earnings volatility arising from rate movements. The Corporation regularly performs reviews and analyses of those factors impacting interest rate risk. Factors include maturity and re-pricing frequency of balance sheet components, impact of rate changes on interest margin and prepayment speeds, market value impacts of rate changes, and other issues. Both actual and projected performance, are reviewed, analyzed, and compared to policy and objectives to assure present and future financial viability.
The Corporation had cash flows from financing activities resulting primarily from the inflow of demand and savings deposits and decrease of borrowings. In 2007, these deposits increased $14,948,000 and these borrowings decreased $5,022,000. Cash used by investing activities was $11,722,000 in 2007 compared to cash used of $5,680,000 in 2006. The change in investing activities was due increased loan demand in 2007 compared to 2006 and a lower volume of securities purchases in 2007 compared with 2006.
The following table discloses information on the maturity of the Corporation’s contractual long-term obligations:
Table 13
                                         
    Less than 1             More than  
    Total     year     1-3 years     3-5 years     5 years  
Time Deposits
  $ 283,215     $ 178,369     $ 62,868     $ 41,811     $ 167  
Short-term borrowings
    649       649       0       0       0  
FHLB advances
    11,030       6,024       2,054       2,063       889  
Repurchase agreements
    5,000       5,000       0       0       0  
Subordinated debt
    14,000       0       0       0       14,000  
Operating leases
    877       230       362       285       0  
 
                             
Total
  $ 314,771     $ 190,272     $ 67,284     $ 44,159     $ 15,056  
 
                             
CAPITAL RESOURCES
Management closely monitors capital levels to provide for current and future business needs and to comply with regulatory requirements. Regulations prescribed under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 have defined “well capitalized” institutions as those having total risk-based ratios, tier 1 risk-based capital ratios and tier 1 leverage ratios of at least 10%, 6%, and 5%, respectively. At December 31, 2007, the Corporation was in excess of the minimum capital and leverage requirements as defined by federal law.
Total shareholders’ equity declined 3.55% to $49,496,000 at December 31, 2007, compared with $51,318,000 at December 31, 2006. The Corporation’s equity to asset ratio was 7.88% at December 31, 2007, compared to 8.25% at December 31, 2006. The decrease in equity in 2007 resulted from negative earnings and payment of dividends (in excess of earnings). In 2007, the Corporation paid $1.00 per share in dividends, compared to $0.94 paid in 2006.

52


 

At December 31, 2007, the Corporation’s tier 1 and total risk-based capital ratios were 10.4% and 11.6%, respectively, compared with 11.3% and 12.5% in 2006. The decrease in the risk-based capital ratios was due to the decline in equity, while average assets continued to increase at the Banks. The Corporation’s tier 1 leverage ratio was 9.00% at December 31, 2007 compared with 8.6% at December 31, 2006. This increase in the leverage ratio was due to the decline in equity and the increase in average assets.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The Management’s Discussion and Analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, and actual results could differ from those estimates.
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level we believe is adequate to absorb probable losses identified and inherent in the loan portfolio. Our evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is an estimate based on reviews of individual loans, assessments of the impact of current and anticipated economic conditions on the portfolio, and historical loss experience. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s best estimate, but significant downturns in circumstances relating to loan quality or economic conditions could result in a requirement for an increased allowance for loan losses in the near future. Likewise, an upturn in loan quality or improved economic conditions may result in a decline in the required allowance for loan losses. In either instance unanticipated changes could have a significant impact on operating earnings.
The allowance for loan losses is increased through a provision charged to operating expense. Uncollectible loans are charged-off through the allowance for loan losses. Recoveries of loans previously charged-off are added to the allowance for loan losses. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that contractual interest and principal payments will not be collected either for the amounts or by the dates as scheduled in the loan agreement.
OFF-BALANCE-SHEET ITEMS
Some financial instruments, such as loan commitments, credit lines, letters of credit, and overdraft protection, are issued to meet customer financing needs. These are agreements to provide credit or to support the credit of others, as long as conditions established in the contract are met, and usually have expiration dates. Commitments may expire without being used. Off-balance-sheet risk to credit loss exists up to the face amount of these instruments, although material losses are not anticipated. The same credit policies are used to make such commitments as are used for loans, including obtaining collateral at exercise of the commitment. The amount of commitments are included in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements.

53


 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Fentura Financial, Inc. faces market risk to the extent that both earnings and the fair value of its financial instruments are affected by changes in interest rates. The Corporation manages this risk with static GAP analysis and has begun simulation modeling. Throughout 2007, the results of these measurement techniques were within the Corporation’s policy guidelines. The Corporation does not believe that there has been a material change in the nature of the Corporation’s substantially influenced market risk exposures, including the categories of market risk to which the Corporation is exposed and the particular markets that present the primary risk of loss to the Corporation, or in how those exposures were managed in 2007 compared to 2006.
The Corporation’s market risk exposure is mainly comprised of its vulnerability to interest rate risk. Prevailing interest rates and interest rate relationships in the future will be primarily determined by market factors, which are outside of the Corporation’s control. All information provided in this section consists of forward-looking statements. Reference is made to the section captioned “Forward Looking Statements” in this annual report for a discussion of the limitations on the Corporation’s responsibility for such statements. The following table provides information about the Corporation’s financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates as of December 31, 2007. The table shows expected cash flows from market sensitive instruments for each of the next five years and thereafter. The expected maturity date values for loans and securities (at amortized cost) were calculated without adjusting the instruments’ contractual maturity dates for expected prepayments. Maturity date values for interest bearing core deposits were not based on estimates of the period over which the deposits would be outstanding, but rather the opportunity for re-pricing. The Corporation believes that re-pricing dates, as opposed to expected maturity dates, may be more relevant in analyzing the value of such instruments and are reported as such in the following table.

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TABLE 14
                                                                         
    Rate Sensitivity of Financial Instruments                   Fair        
(000’s omitted)   2008   2009   2010   2011   2012   Thereafter   Total   Value        
         
Rate Sensitive Assets:
                                                                       
Fixed interest rate loans
  $ 60,864     $ 51,591     $ 53,509     $ 46,626     $ 48,205     $ 50,725     $ 311,520     $ 306,363          
Average interest rate
    7.08 %     6.88 %     6.90 %     6.83 %     7.26 %     6.69 %                        
Variable interest rate loans
  $ 93,719     $ 16,012     $ 13,665     $ 4,111     $ 5,935     $ 26,441     $ 159,883     $ 159,884          
Average interest rate
    7.55 %     7.19 %     7.38 %     7.52 %     7.30 %     7.39 %                        
Fixed interest rate securities
  $ 18,283     $ 11,051     $ 11,910     $ 3,533     $ 1,288     $ 8,233     $ 54,298     $ 54,302          
Average interest rate
    4.64 %     3.74 %     3.78 %     3.85 %     3.92 %     4.79 %                        
Variable Interest rate securities
  $ 7,571     $ 3,182     $ 2,123     $ 1,469     $ 1,350     $ 10,484     $ 26,179     $ 22,949          
Average interest rate
    1.81 %     3.96 %     4.32 %     4.15 %     3.75 %     5.25 %                        
FHLB Stock
  $ 2,032                                             $ 2,032     $ 2,032          
Average interest rate
    5.00 %                                                                
Other interest bearing assets
  $ 7,300                                             $ 7,300     $ 7,300          
Average interest rate
    3.30 %                                                                
     
Total rate sensitive assets
  $ 189,769     $ 81,836     $ 81,207     $ 55,739     $ 56,778     $ 95,883     $ 561,212     $ 522,830          
 
                                                                       
Rate Sensitive Liabilities:
                                                                       
Interest-bearing checking
  $ 98,362                                             $ 98,362     $ 98,360          
Average interest rate
    1.95 %                                                                
Savings
  $ 86,778                                             $ 86,778     $ 86,765          
Average interest rate
    0.58 %                                                                
Time
  $ 178,369     $ 36,338     $ 26,530     $ 21,460     $ 20,351     $ 167     $ 283,215     $ 276,697          
Average interest rate
    4.73 %     4.80 %     4.88 %     5.07 %     4.92 %     2.82 %                        
Short term borrowings
  $ 649                                             $ 649     $ 649          
Average interest rate
    1.25 %                                                                
FHLB advances
  $ 6,024     $ 26     $ 2,028     $ 2,030     $ 33     $ 889     $ 11,030     $ 10,907          
Average interest rate
    5.19 %     7.34 %     5.52 %     5.72 %     7.34 %     7.34 %                        
Repurchase agreements
  $ 5,000                                             $ 5,000     $ 5,000          
Average interest rate
    2.61 %                                                                
Subordinated debt
  $ 14,000                                             $ 14,000     $ 13,934          
Average interest rate
    8.46 %                                                                
     
Total rate sensitive liabilities
  $ 389,182     $ 36,364     $ 28,558     $ 23,490     $ 20,384     $ 1,056     $ 499,034     $ 492,312          
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY MANAGEMENT
Interest rate sensitivity management seeks to maximize net interest income as a result of changing interest rates, within prudent ranges of risk. The Corporation attempts to accomplish this objective by structuring the balance sheet so that re-pricing opportunities exist for both assets and liabilities in roughly equivalent amounts at approximately the same time intervals. Imbalances in these re-pricing opportunities at any point in time constitute a bank’s interest rate sensitivity. The Corporation currently does not utilize derivatives in managing interest rate risk.
An indicator of the interest rate sensitivity structure of a financial institution’s balance sheet is the difference between its interest rate sensitive assets and interest rate sensitive liabilities, and is referred to as “GAP”.
Table 15 sets forth the distribution of re-pricing of the Corporation’s earning assets and interest bearing liabilities as of December 31, 2007, the interest rate sensitivity GAP, as defined above, the cumulative interest rate sensitivity GAP, the interest rate sensitivity GAP ratio (i.e. interest rate sensitive assets

55


 

divided by interest rate sensitive liabilities) and the cumulative sensitivity GAP ratio. The table also sets forth the time periods in which earning assets and liabilities will mature or may re-price in accordance with their contractual terms.
TABLE 15
                                         
    Gap Analysis            
    December 31, 2007            
    Within   Three   One to   After    
    Three   Months-   Five   Five    
(000’s Omitted)   Months   One Year   Years   Years   Total
 
Federal Funds Sold
  $ 7,300     $ 0     $ 0     $ 0     $ 7,300  
Securities
    18,439       7,415       35,906       18,717       80,477  
Loans
    46,417       106,517       250,997       67,472       471,403  
Loans Held for Sale
    1,655       0       0       0       1,655  
FHLB Stock
    2,032       0       0       0       2,032  
     
Total Earning Assets
  $ 78,424     $ 113,932     $ 286,903     $ 86,697     $ 565,956  
     
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
                                       
Interest Bearing Demand Deposits
  $ 98,362     $ 0     $ 0     $ 0     $ 98,362  
Savings Deposits
    86,778       0       0       0       86,778  
Time Deposits Less than $100,000
    29,018       65,176       28,221       167       122,582  
Time Deposits Greater than $100,000
    41,891       42,284       76,458       0       160,633  
Short-term Borrowings
    649       0       0       0       649  
FHLB Advances
    5,000       1,024       4,116       890       11,030  
Repurchase Agreements
    0       5,000       0       0       5,000  
Subordinated Debt
    14,000       0       0       0       14,000  
     
Total Interest Bearing Liabilities
  $ 275,698     $ 113,484     $ 108,795     $ 1,057     $ 499,034  
     
Interest Rate Sensitivity GAP
  ($ 199,855 )   $ 442     $ 168,420     $ 94,826     $ 63,833  
Cumulative Interest Rate Sensitivity GAP
  ($ 199,855 )   ($ 199,413 )   ($ 30,993 )   $ 63,833          
Interest Rate Sensitivity GAP
    0.28       1.00       2.55       90.71          
Cumulative Interest Rate Sensitivity GAP Ratio
    0.28       0.49       0.94       1.13          
As indicated in Table 15, the short-term (one year and less) cumulative interest rate sensitivity gap is negative. Accordingly, if market interest rates increase, this negative gap position could have a short- term negative impact on interest margin. Conversely, if market interest rates decrease, this negative gap position could have a short-term positive impact on interest margin. However, gap analysis is limited and may not provide an accurate indication of the impact of general interest rate movements on the net interest margin since the re-pricing of various categories of assets and liabilities is subject to the Corporation’s needs, competitive pressures, and the needs of the Corporation’s customers. In addition, various assets and liabilities indicated as re-pricing within the same period may in fact re-price at different times within such period and at different rate indices. The limitations of gap described above impacted financial performance in 2007. The Corporation’s gap position was negative, which indicates liability sensitivity to rate changes. In 2007 there were three decreases in the Prime rate. While loan volume continued to grow, the rate decreases contributed to the decline in interest income of $702,000 or 1.8% over 2006. Liabilities, largely deposits, lagged market re-pricing due to the maturity dates on time deposits or balances not being re-priced by the same amount as assets due to competitive pressures. Market demand and competition minimized the Corporation’s ability to decrease rates on deposits quickly, therefore increasing interest expense by $1.7 million or 10.1% over 2006. Overall, net interest income decreased $2,415,000 or 10.5% over 2006. As an example, certain asset products re-priced downward 1.00% with the movement of national prime rates in 2007, while most of interest bearing checking and savings were already at rates lower than 0.50% during the year and accordingly, had a much lesser level of re-pricing opportunity. The Corporation expects to continue to make strides in managing interest rate sensitivity.

56


 

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, and other sections of the Consolidated Financial Statements and this annual report, contain forward looking statements that are based on management’s beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, estimates and projections about the financial services industry, the economy, and about the Corporation itself. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “is likely,” “plans,” “projects,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions (“Future Factors”), which are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence. Therefore, actual results and outcomes may materially differ from what may be expressed or forecast in such forward looking statements. The Corporation undertakes no obligation to update, amend or clarify forward looking statements as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
Future factors that could cause a difference between an ultimate actual outcome and a preceding forward looking statement include, but are not limited to, changes in interest rate and interest rate relationships, demands for products and services, the degree of competition by traditional and non-traditional competitors, changes in banking laws or regulations, changes in tax laws, change in prices, the impact of technological advances, government and regulatory policy changes, the outcome of pending and future litigation and contingencies, trends in customer behavior as well as their ability to repay loans, and the local and national economy.

57


 

FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC. COMMON STOCK
Table 16 sets forth the high and low market information for each quarter of 2005 through 2007. These quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, markdown, or commission and may not represent actual transactions. As of February 1, 2008, there were 993 shareholders of record, not including participants in the Corporation’s employee stock option program.
TABLE 16
Common Stock Data
                                 
            Market   Dividends
            Information   Paid
Years   Quarter   High   Low   Per Share
 
       
First Quarter
  $ 32.55     $ 30.24     $ 0.220  
  2005    
Second Quarter
    31.13       29.35       0.220  
       
Third Quarter
    31.57       29.39       0.220  
       
Fourth Quarter
    30.49       29.31       0.220  
       
 
                  $ 0.880  
       
 
                       
       
First Quarter
  $ 31.55     $ 29.77     $ 0.230  
  2006    
Second Quarter
    33.41       31.14       0.230  
       
Third Quarter
    33.64       30.00       0.230  
       
Fourth Quarter
    34.00       32.55       0.250  
       
 
                  $ 0.940  
       
 
                       
       
First Quarter
  $ 34.00     $ 29.25     $ 0.250  
  2007    
Second Quarter
    31.50       29.50       0.250  
       
Third Quarter
    31.50       26.05       0.250  
       
Fourth Quarter
    26.05       21.05       0.250  
       
 
                  $ 1.000  
     
Note:
  Market and dividend per share figures have been adjusted to reflect a 10% stock dividend paid on August 4, 2006.

58


 

SHAREHOLDER RETURN PERFORMANCE GRAPH
     The graph compares the cumulative total shareholder return on the Corporation’s common stock for the last five years with the cumulative total return of the Midwest Quadrant Pink Bank Index, published by SNL Financial L.C., and the Nasdaq Market Index assuming a $100 investment at the end of 2000. The Nasdaq Market Index is a broad equity market index. The Midwest Quadrant Pink Bank Index is composed of 101 banks and bank holding companies located in the Midwest and whose shares primarily trade on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board.
     Cumulative total return is measured by dividing (i) the sum of (A) the cumulative amount of dividends for the measurement period, assuming dividend reinvestment, and (B) the difference between the share price at the end and the beginning of the measurement period; by (ii) the share price at the beginning of the measurement period. The graph assumes the investment of $100 in the Corporation’s common stock, the Nasdaq Market Index, and the Midwest Quadrant Pink Bank Index at the market close on December 31, 2002 and the reinvestment of all dividends through the period ending December 31, 2007.
COMPARE 5-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
AMONG FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC., NASDAQ MARKET INDEX,
AND MIDWEST QUADRANT PINK BANK INDEX
( CHART)
                                                                 
        Period Ending  
  Index     12/31/02     12/31/03     12/31/04     12/31/05     12/31/06     12/31/07  
                                         
 
Fentura Financial, Inc.
      100.00         102.26         122.46         112.23         126.37         88.31    
                                         
 
NASDAQ Composite
      100.00         150.01         162.89         165.13         180.85         198.60    
                                         
 
SNL Midwest OTC-BB and Pink Banks
      100.00         126.23         150.40         156.59         164.90         160.97    
                                         
 
Fentura Financial Peer Group*
      100.00         133.65         154.47         141.68         146.31         89.98    
                                         
Source: SNL Financial LC, Charlottesville, VA
 
*   Fentura Financial Peer Group consists of Banks in Michigan (MI)

59

EX-14 3 k24741exv14.htm CODE OF ETHICS exv14
 

EXHIBIT 14
FENTURA FINANCIAL, INC.
CODE OF ETHICS
In my role with Fentura Financial, Inc. and/or subsidiaries or affiliates (the “Company”), I certify to the Company and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, that I will adhere to and advocate the following principles and responsibilities governing my professional and ethical conduct to the best of my knowledge and ability:
1.   I will act with honesty and integrity, avoiding actual or apparent conflicts of interest in all personal and professional relationships.
 
2.   I will provide information that is accurate, complete, objective, relevant, timely and understandable.
 
3.   I will comply with the rules and regulations of federal, state, and local governments, and other appropriate private and public regulatory agencies.
 
4.   I will act in good faith, responsibly, and with due care. I will not misrepresent material facts or allow my independent judgment to be subordinated or otherwise compromised.
 
5.   I will respect and maintain the confidentiality of information reviewed or acquired in carrying out my duties except when authorized or otherwise legally obligated to disclose.
 
6.   I will share knowledge and maintain skills important and relevant to the needs of the Company.
 
7.   I will proactively practice and promote ethical behavior as a professional in my role with the Company.
 
8.   I will not solicit for myself or for a third party anything of value from anyone in return for any business, service or confidential information of the Company, nor will I accept anything of value from anyone (except for my wages and as otherwise permitted by law) in connection with the business of the Company, either before or after a transaction is discussed or completed.
 
9.   I will comply with and adhere to all of the Company’s policies and practices, including those policies governing accounting and financial reporting practices and corporate governance.
 
10.   I will respond honestly and candidly when dealing with the Company’s independent and internal auditors, regulators and attorneys.
 
11.   I will promptly disclose to an appropriate person or persons any transaction or relationship that reasonably could be expected to give rise to a conflict of interest, and/or violations of this Code.
 
     
         
 
(Signature)
 
 
(Date)
   

(Rvsd 01/05)

EX-21.1 4 k24741exv21w1.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT exv21w1
 

Exhibit 21.1
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
             
Company   Ownership   State of Incorporation
The State Bank
    100 %   Michigan
 
           
Davison State Bank
    100 %   Michigan
 
           
Community Bank Services, Inc.
  100% by The State Bank   Michigan
 
           
Fentura Mortgage Company
  100% by The State Bank   Michigan
 
           
West Michigan Community Bank
    100 %   Michigan
 
           
West Michigan Mortgage, LLC
  99.5% by West Michigan
Community Bank
0.5% by Community Insurance
Services, Inc.
  Michigan
 
           
Community Insurance Services, Inc.
  100% by West Michigan
Community Bank
  Michigan

 

EX-23.1 5 k24741exv23w1.htm CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM exv23w1
 

EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
     We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements of Fentura Financial, Inc. on Form S-3D (File No.333-120182) on Form S-8 (File No. 333-118085), on Form S-8 (File No. 333-137104) and on Form S-8 (File No. 333-137103) of our report dated March 7, 2008, which report is included in the 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Fentura Financial, Inc.
/s/ CROWE CHIZEK AND COMPANY LLC
Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 12, 2008

 

EX-31.1 6 k24741exv31w1.htm CERTIFICATE OF PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 exv31w1
 

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Donald L. Grill, certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Fentura Financial, Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
  (a)   designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  (b)   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  (c)   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  (d)   disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
  (a)   all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  (b)   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 14, 2008
         
     
  /s/ Donald L. Grill    
  Donald L. Grill   
  Chief Executive Officer and President   

 

EX-31.2 7 k24741exv31w2.htm CERTIFICATE OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 exv31w2
 

         
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Douglas J. Kelley, certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Fentura Financial, Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
  (a)   designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  (b)   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  (c)   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  (d)   disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
  (a)   all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  (b)   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 14, 2008
         
     
  /s/ Douglas J. Kelley    
  Douglas J. Kelley   
  Chief Financial Officer   

 

EX-32.1 8 k24741exv32w1.htm CERTIFICATE OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 .U.S.C. SECTION 1350 exv32w1
 

         
Exhibit 32.1
     Each of Donald L. Grill, Chief Executive Officer and President, and Douglas J. Kelley, Chief Financial Officer, of Fentura Financial, Inc., certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
  (1)   the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which this statement accompanies fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and
 
  (2)   the information contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Fentura Financial, Inc.
Dated: March 14, 2008
         
     
  /s/ Donald L. Grill    
  Donald L. Grill   
  Chief Executive Officer and President   
 
     
  /s/ Douglas J. Kelley    
  Douglas J. Kelley   
  Chief Financial Officer   
 

 

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