-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, TRN7Tc6yVg7mj9y1FMk571AIWdGUx09QDPsgQfVOMnlnal+2Y9I66GgB+2Nuz7yB EoRqcr5v1R7vOyJqyHMPiw== 0001193125-07-044042.txt : 20070301 0001193125-07-044042.hdr.sgml : 20070301 20070301134954 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-07-044042 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 12 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20061231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20070301 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20070301 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000861842 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: STATE COMMERCIAL BANKS [6022] IRS NUMBER: 954274680 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-18630 FILM NUMBER: 07662074 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 777 N BROADWAY CITY: LOS ANGELES STATE: CA ZIP: 90012 BUSINESS PHONE: 2136254700 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 777 NORTH BROADWAY CITY: LOS ANGELES STATE: CA ZIP: 90012 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: CATHAY BANCORP INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19930328 10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


Form 10-K


  þ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
       For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006

 

  ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 0-18630


Cathay General Bancorp

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware   95-4274680

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     

777 North Broadway,

Los Angeles, California

  90012
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(213) 625-4700


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class


 

Name of each exchange on which registered


Common Stock, $.01 par value

  The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Preferred Stock Purchase Rights

   

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None


 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.     Yes þ     No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.    Yes ¨     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes þ     No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer þ    Accelerated filer ¨    Non-accelerated filer ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes ¨     No þ

 

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold as of the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 30, 2006) was $1,659,636,319. This value is estimated solely for the purposes of this cover page. The market value of shares held by Registrant’s directors, executive officers, and Employee Stock Ownership Plan have been excluded because they may be considered to be affiliates of the Registrant.

 

As of February 15, 2007, there were 51,779,544 shares of common stock outstanding, par value $.01 par value.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

   

Portions of Registrant’s definitive proxy statement relating to Registrant’s 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders which will be filed within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, are incorporated by reference into Part III.

 



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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP

 

2006 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I    1
Item 1.    Business    1
Item 1A.    Risk Factors    21
Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments    26
Item 2.    Properties    26
Item 3.    Legal Proceedings    27
Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    27
    

Executive Officers of Registrant

   27
PART II    28
Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities    28
Item 6.    Selected Financial Data    31
Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
   32
Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk    59
Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    64
Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
   64
Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures    64
Item 9B.    Other Information    67
PART III    68
Item 10.    Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant    68
Item 11.    Executive Compensation    68
Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters    68
Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence    68
Item 14.    Principal Accounting Fees and Services    68
PART IV    69
Item 15.    Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules    69
SIGNATURES    72
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM    F-2
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS    F-3
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME    F-4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY    F-5
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS    F-6
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    F-8

 


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Forward-Looking Statements

 

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the term “Bancorp” refers to Cathay General Bancorp and the term “Bank” refers to Cathay Bank. The terms “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Bancorp and the Bank collectively. The statements in this report include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the applicable provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding management’s beliefs, projections, and assumptions concerning future results and events. These forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, such words as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees. They involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance, or achievements of the Bancorp to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to adverse developments or conditions related to or arising from:

 

   

expansion into new market areas;

 

   

acquisitions of other banks, if any;

 

   

fluctuations in interest rates;

 

   

demographic changes;

 

   

earthquake or other natural disasters;

 

   

competitive pressures;

 

   

deterioration in asset or credit quality;

 

   

legislative and regulatory developments;

 

   

changes in business strategy, including the formation of a real estate investment trust;

 

   

general economic or business conditions in California and other regions where the Bank has operations; and

 

   

other factors discussed in Part I — Item 1A — “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Actual results in any future period may also vary from the past results discussed in this report. Given these risks and uncertainties, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak as of the date of this report. We have no intention and undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce the results of any revision of any forward-looking statement to reflect future developments or events.

 

PART I

 

Item 1. Business.

 

Business of Bancorp

 

Overview

 

Cathay General Bancorp is a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. We are the holding company of Cathay Bank, a California state-chartered commercial bank. Our principal current business activity is to hold all of the outstanding stock of Cathay Bank. In the future, we may become an operating company or acquire savings institutions, other banks, or companies engaged in bank-related activities and may engage in or acquire such other businesses, or activities as may be permitted by applicable law. Our only office, and our principal place of business, is located at the main office of our wholly owned subsidiary, Cathay Bank, at 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012. Our telephone number is (213) 625-4700. Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and our trading symbol is “CATY”.

 

 

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We completed two acquisitions in 2006. In May 2006, we completed the acquisition of Great Eastern Bank for $56.3 million in cash and 1,181,164 shares of our common stock. In October 2006, we acquired New Asia Bancorp in a merger for $12.9 million in cash and 291,165 shares of our common stock.

 

Subsidiaries of Bancorp

 

In addition to its wholly-owned bank subsidiary, the Bancorp has the following subsidiaries:

 

Cathay Capital Trust I, Cathay Statutory Trust I and Cathay Capital Trust II. The Bancorp established Cathay Capital Trust I in June 2003, Cathay Statutory Trust I in September 2003, and Cathay Capital Trust II in December 2003 (collectively, the “Trusts”) as wholly owned subsidiaries. The Trusts are statutory business trusts. In separate transactions in 2003, the Trusts issued capital securities representing undivided preferred beneficial interests in the assets of the Trusts. The Trusts exist for the purpose of issuing the capital securities and investing the proceeds thereof, together with proceeds from the purchase of the common stock of the Trusts by the Bancorp, in Junior Subordinated Notes issued by the Bancorp. The Bancorp guarantees, on a limited basis, payments of distributions on the capital securities of the Trusts and payments on redemption of the capital securities of the Trusts. The Bancorp is the owner of all the beneficial interests represented by the common securities of the Trusts. The purpose of issuing the capital securities was to provide the Company with a cost-effective means of obtaining Tier 1 Capital for regulatory purposes in connection with the merger of GBC Bancorp (“GBC merger”) in 2003.

 

Because the Bancorp is not the primary beneficiary of the Trusts, the financial statements of the Trusts are not included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. The capital securities of the Trusts are currently included in the Tier 1 capital of the Bancorp for regulatory capital purposes. On March 1, 2005, the Federal Reserve adopted a final rule that retains trust preferred securities in the Tier I capital of bank holding companies, but with stricter quantitative limits and clearer qualitative standards. Under the rule, after a five-year transition period, the aggregate amount of trust preferred securities and certain other capital elements will be limited to 25 percent of Tier I capital elements, net of goodwill, less any associated deferred tax liability. The amount of trust preferred securities and certain other elements in excess of the limit could be included in Tier II capital, subject to restrictions. In the last five years before maturity, the outstanding amount must be excluded from Tier I capital and included in Tier II capital. Bank holding companies with significant international operations would generally be expected to limit trust preferred securities and certain other capital elements to 15% of Tier I capital elements, net of goodwill. We do not expect that this rule will have a materially adverse effect on our capital positions.

 

GBC Venture Capital, Inc. The business purpose of GBC Venture Capital, Inc. is to hold equity interests (such as options or warrants) received as part of business relationships and to make equity investments in companies and limited partnerships subject to applicable regulatory restrictions.

 

Competition

 

Our primary business is to act as the holding company for the Bank. Accordingly, we face the same competitive pressures as those expected by the Bank. For a discussion of those risks, see “Business of the Bank — Competition” below under this Item 1.

 

Employees

 

Due to the limited nature of the Bancorp’s activities, the Bancorp currently does not employ any persons other than Bancorp’s management, which includes the Chief Executive Officer and President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice Presidents, the Secretary, Assistant Secretary, and the General Counsel. See also “Business of the Bank — Employees” below under this Item 1.

 

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Business of the Bank

 

General

 

Cathay Bank was incorporated under the laws of the State of California on August 22, 1961, and was licensed by the California Department of Financial Institutions (previously known as the California State Banking Department), and commenced operations as a California state-chartered bank on April 19, 1962. Cathay Bank is an insured bank under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, but, like most state-chartered banks of similar size in California, it is not a member of the Federal Reserve System.

 

The Bank’s main office is located in the Chinatown area of Los Angeles, at 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012. In addition, as of December 31, 2006, the Bank had branch offices in Southern California (20 branches), Northern California (10 branches), New York (nine branches), Massachusetts (one branch), Texas (one branch), Washington (two branches), Illinois (three branches), one loan production office in Dallas, Texas, and representative offices in Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Taipei. Each branch office has loan approval rights subject to the branch manager’s authorized lending limits. The Company has filed an application to convert its Hong Kong representative office into a full service branch which is expected to open in the first half of 2007. Current activities of the Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Taipei representative offices are limited to coordinating the transportation of documents to the Bank’s head office and performing liaison services.

 

Our primary market area is defined by the Community Reinvestment Act delineation, which includes the contiguous areas surrounding each of the Bank’s branch offices. It is the Bank’s policy to reach out and actively offer services to low and moderate income groups in the delineated branch service areas. Many of the Bank’s employees speak both English and one or more Chinese dialects or Vietnamese, and are thus able to serve the Bank’s Chinese, Vietnamese, and English speaking customers.

 

As a commercial bank, Cathay Bank accepts checking, savings, and time deposits, and makes commercial, real estate, personal, home improvement, automobile, and other installment and term loans. From time to time, the Bank invests available funds in other interest-earning assets, such as U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, corporate bonds, and venture capital investments. The Bank also provides letters of credit, wire transfers, forward currency spot and forward contracts, traveler’s checks, safe deposit, night deposit, Social Security payment deposit, collection, bank-by-mail, drive-up and walk-up windows, automatic teller machines (“ATM”), Internet banking services, and other customary bank services.

 

The Bank primarily services individuals, professionals, and small to medium-sized businesses in the local markets in which its branches are located and provides residential mortgage loans, commercial mortgage loans, construction loans, home equity lines of credit; commercial loans, trade financing loans, Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans; and installment loans to individuals for automobile, household, and other consumer expenditures.

 

Through Cathay Wealth Management, Cathay Bank provides its customers the ability to trade stocks online and to purchase mutual funds, annuities, equities, bonds, and short-term money market instruments, through PrimeVest Financial Services.

 

Securities

 

The Bank’s securities portfolio is managed in accordance with a written Investment Policy which addresses strategies, types, and levels of allowable investments, and which is reviewed and approved by our Board of Directors.

 

Our investment portfolio is managed to meet our liquidity needs through proceeds from scheduled maturities and is also utilized for pledging requirements for deposits of state and local subdivisions, securities sold under repurchase agreements, and Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances. The portfolio is

 

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comprised of U.S. government agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate debt instruments and equity securities. At December 31, 2006, the aggregate investment securities portfolio, with a carrying value of $1.52 billion, was classified as investment grade securities. We do not include federal funds sold and certain other short-term securities as investment securities. These other investments are included in cash and cash equivalents.

 

Information concerning the carrying value, maturity distribution, and yield analysis of the Company’s securities available-for-sale portfolios as well as a summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of the Bank’s securities by contractual maturity is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K at Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Loans

 

Cathay Bank’s Board of Directors and senior management establish, review, and modify Cathay Bank’s lending policies. These policies include, but are not limited to a potential borrower’s financial condition, ability to repay the loan, character, existence of secondary repayment source (such as guaranty), quality and availability of collateral, capital, leverage capacity of the borrower, market conditions for the borrower’s business or project, and prevailing economic trends and conditions. For mortgage loans, our lending policies require an independent appraisal of the real property in accordance with applicable regulatory guidelines. Loan originations are obtained through a variety of sources, including existing customers, walk-in customers, referrals from brokers or existing customers, and advertising. While loan applications are accepted at all branches, the Bank’s centralized document department supervises the application process including documentation of loans, review of appraisals, and credit reports.

 

Commercial Mortgage Loans. These loans are typically secured by first deeds of trust on commercial properties, including primarily commercial retail properties, shopping centers, and owner-occupied industrial facilities, and secondarily office buildings, multiple-unit apartments, and multi-tenanted industrial properties.

 

The Bank also makes medium-term commercial mortgage loans which are generally secured by commercial or industrial buildings where the borrower uses the property for business purposes or derives income from tenants.

 

Commercial Loans. The Bank provides financial services to diverse commercial and professional businesses in its market areas. Commercial loans consist primarily of short-term loans (normally with a maturity of up to one year) to support general business purposes, or to provide working capital to businesses in the form of lines of credit to finance trade-finance loans. The Bank continues to focus primarily on commercial lending to small-to-medium size businesses, within the Bank’s geographic market areas. Commercial loan pricing is generally at a rate tied to the prime rate, as quoted in the Wall Street Journal, or the Bank’s reference rate.

 

SBA Loans. The Bank originates SBA loans in California, under the “preferred lender” status. Preferred lender status is granted to a lender which has made a certain number of SBA loans and which, in the opinion of the SBA, has staff qualified and experienced in small business loans. As a preferred lender, the Bank’s SBA Lending Group has the authority to issue, on behalf of the SBA, the SBA guaranty on loans under the 7(a) program which may result in shortening the time it takes to process a loan. In addition, under this program, the SBA delegates loan underwriting, closing, and most servicing and liquidation authority and responsibility to selected lenders.

 

The Bank utilizes both the 504 program, which is focused toward long-term financing of buildings and other long-term fixed assets, and the 7(a) program, which is the SBA’s primary loan program and which can be used for financing of a variety of general business purposes such as acquisition of land and buildings, equipment, inventory and working capital needs of eligible businesses generally over a 5- to 25-year term. The collateral

 

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position in the SBA loans is enhanced by the SBA guaranty in the case of 7(a) loans, and by lower loan-to-value ratios under the 504 program. The Bank has sold and may, in the future, sell the guaranteed portion of certain of its SBA 7(a) loans in the secondary market. SBA loan pricing is generally at a rate tied to the prime rate, as quoted in the Wall Street Journal.

 

Residential Mortgage Loans. The Bank originates single-family-residential mortgage loans, and home equity lines of credit. The single-family-residential mortgage loans are comprised of conforming, nonconforming, and jumbo residential mortgage loans, and are secured by first and subordinate liens on single (one-to-four) family residential properties. The Bank’s products include a fixed-rate residential mortgage loan, an adjustable-rate residential mortgage loan, and a variable-rate home equity line of credit loan. The pricing on our variable-rate home equity line of credit is generally at a rate tied to the prime rate, as quoted in The Wall Street Journal, or the Banks’ reference rate. Mortgage loans are underwritten in accordance with the Bank’s guidelines, on the basis of the borrower’s financial capabilities, historical loan quality, and other relevant qualifications. As of December 31, 2006, approximately 71% of the Bank’s residential mortgages were for properties located in California.

 

Real Estate Construction. The Bank’s real estate construction loan activity focuses on providing short-term loans to individuals and developers, primarily, for the construction of multi-unit projects. Residential real estate construction loans are typically secured by first deeds of trust and guarantees of the borrower. The economic viability of the projects, borrower’s credit worthiness, and borrower’s and contractor’s experience are primary considerations in the loan underwriting decision. The Bank utilizes approved independent licensed appraisers and monitors projects during the construction phase through construction inspections and a disbursement program tied to the percentage of completion of each project. The Bank also occasionally makes unimproved property loans to borrowers who intend to construct a single-family-residence on their lots generally within twelve months. In addition, the Bank also makes commercial real estate construction loans to high net worth clients with adequate liquidity for construction of office and warehouse properties. Such loans are typically secured by first deeds of trust and are guaranteed by the borrower.

 

Installment Loans. Installment loans tend to be fixed rate and longer-term (one-to-six year maturities). These loans are funded primarily for the purpose of financing the purchase of automobiles and other personal uses of the borrower.

 

Distribution and Maturity of Loans. Information concerning loan type and mix, distribution of loans and maturity of loans is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K at Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Asset Quality

 

The Bank’s lending and credit policies require management to review regularly the Bank’s loan portfolio so that the Bank can monitor the quality of its assets. If during the ordinary course of business, management becomes aware that a borrower may not be able to meet his or her contractual or payment obligations under a loan, then that loan is supervised more closely with consideration given to placing the loan on non-accrual status, the need for an additional allowance for loan losses, and (if appropriate) partial or full charge-off.

 

Under the Bank’s current policy a loan will be placed on a non-accrual status if interest or principal is past due 90 days or more, or in cases where management deems the full collection of principal and interest unlikely. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, any current year unpaid accrued interest is reversed against current income and any unpaid accrued interest from the prior year is reversed against the allowance for loan losses. Thereafter, any payment is generally first applied towards the principal balance. Depending on the circumstances, management may elect to continue the accrual of interest on certain past due loans if partial payment is received and/or the loan is well collateralized, and in the process of collection. The loan is generally returned to accrual status when the borrower has brought the past due principal and interest payments current and, in the opinion of management, the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of

 

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principal and interest as scheduled. A non accrual loan may also be returned to accrual status if all principal and interest contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period and there has been a sustained period of payment performance. Information concerning non-accrual, past due, and restructured loans is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K at Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Non-performing Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses. Information concerning non-performing loans, allowance for loan losses, loans charged-off, loan recoveries, and other real estate owned is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K at Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 5 and Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Deposits

 

The Bank offers a variety of deposit products in order to meet its customers’ needs. As of December 31, 2006, the Bank offered passbook accounts, checking accounts, money market deposit accounts, certificates of deposit, individual retirement accounts, college certificates of deposit, and public funds deposits. These products are priced in order to promote growth of deposits. From time to time, the Bank may offer special deposit promotions.

 

The Bank’s deposits are generally obtained from residents within the Company’s geographic market area. The Bank utilizes traditional marketing methods to attract new customers and deposits, by offering a wide variety of products and services and utilizing various forms of advertising media. Information concerning types of deposit accounts, average deposits and rates, and maturity of time deposits of $100,000 or more is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K at Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Borrowings

 

Borrowings from time to time include securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the purchase of federal funds, funds obtained as advances from the FHLB of San Francisco, borrowing from other financial institutions, subordinated debt, and Junior Subordinated Notes. Information concerning the types, amounts, and maturity of our borrowings is included in Note 10 and Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Return on Equity and Assets

 

Information concerning the return on average assets, return on average stockholders’ equity, the average equity to assets ratio and the dividend payout ratio is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Interest Rates and Differentials

 

Information concerning the interest-earning asset mix, average interest-earning assets, average interest-bearing liabilities and the yields on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income

 

An analysis of changes in net interest income due to changes in rate and volume is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Commitments and Letters of Credit

 

Information concerning the Bank’s outstanding loan commitments and letters of credit is included in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Expansion

 

We continue to look for opportunities to expand the Bank’s branch network by seeking new branch locations and/or by acquiring other financial institutions to diversify our customer base in order to compete for new deposits and loans, and to be able to serve our customers more effectively. In addition to the acquisitions of Great Eastern Bank and New Asia Bancorp (both of which were completed in 2006), on November 21, 2006, we entered into an agreement to acquire United Heritage Bank for approximately $9.4 million in cash subject to adjustments, if any. United Heritage Bank was formed in 1997 in Edison, New Jersey and has one branch office. As of December 31, 2006, total assets of United Heritage Bank were $57.5 million. We expect to convert our Hong Kong representative office into a full service branch in the first half of 2007.

 

Subsidiaries of Cathay Bank

 

Cathay Investment Company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank that was formed in 1984 to invest in real property. In 1987, Cathay Investment Company opened an office in Taipei, Taiwan, to promote Taiwanese real estate investments in Southern California. The office in Taipei is located at Sixth Floor, Suite 3, 146 Sung Chiang Road, Taipei, Taiwan.

 

Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust (“CB REIT”) is a real estate investment trust subsidiary of the Bank that was formed in February 2003 to provide the Bank with flexibility in raising capital. During 2003, the Bank contributed $1.13 billion in loans and securities to CB REIT in exchange for 100% of the common stock of CB REIT. CB REIT sold $4.4 million in 2003 and $4.2 million in 2004 of its 7.0% Series A Non-Cumulative preferred stock to accredited investors. During 2005, CB REIT repurchased $131,000 of its preferred stock. At December 31, 2006, total assets of CB REIT were consolidated with the Company and totaled approximately $1.42 billion. See discussion below in Part I – Item 1A – “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

GBC Investment & Consulting Company, Inc. a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank, was incorporated to provide expertise in the areas of investment and consultation on an international and domestic basis. It is currently inactive.

 

GBC Real Estate Investments, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank. The purpose of this subsidiary is to engage in real estate investment activities. To date, there have been no transactions involving this subsidiary.

 

Cathay Trade Services, Asia Limited (“Trade Services”), is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank. Trade Services is a Hong Kong based non-financial institution that serves as a vehicle to reissue, in Hong Kong, letters of credit for the account of its U.S. based import customers in favor of beneficiaries.

 

GB Capital Trust II (“GB REIT”) was incorporated in January 2002 to provide General Bank with flexibility in raising capital. As a result of the GBC merger, the Bank owns 100% of the voting common trust units issued by the GB REIT. At December 31, 2006, total assets of GB REIT were consolidated with the Company and were approximately $861 million.

 

Cathay Community Development Corporation (“CCDC”) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank and was incorporated on September 14, 2006. The primary mission of CCDC is to help in the development of low-income neighborhoods in the Bank’s California and New York service areas by providing or facilitating the availability of capital to businesses and real estate developers working to renovate these neighborhoods. On October 6, 2006, CCDC formed a wholly-owned subsidiary, Cathay New Asia Community Development Corporation (“CNACDC”), to assume New Asia Bank’s pre-existing New Markets Tax Credit activities in the greater Chicago area by providing or facilitating the availability of capital to businesses and real estate developers working to renovate these neighborhoods. Both CCDC and CNACDC will seek to obtain community development entity status and CNACDC will also seek to participate in the U.S. Treasury Department’s New Markets Tax Credit program.

 

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Competition

 

The banking business in California and the other markets served by the Bank, is highly competitive. The Bank competes for deposits and loans with other commercial banks, savings and thrift institutions, brokerage houses, insurance companies, mortgage companies, credit unions, credit card companies and other financial and non-financial institutions and entities. The Bank also competes with other banks of similar size that are focused on servicing the same communities that are served by the Bank. In addition, the Bank competes with other entities (both governmental and private industry) that are seeking to raise capital through the issuance and sale of debt and equity securities. Many of these competitors have substantially greater financial, marketing, and administrative resources than the Bank and may also offer services that are not offered directly by the Bank, all of which results in greater and more intense competition for the Bank.

 

In addition, current federal legislation encourages increased competition between different types of financial institutions and has encouraged new entrants to enter the financial services market. Competitive conditions are expected to continue to intensify as legislation is enacted which will have the effect of, among other things, (i) eliminating historical barriers that limited participation by certain institutions in certain markets, (ii) increasing the cost of doing business for banks, and/or (iii) affecting the competitive balance between banks and other financial and non-financial institutions and entities. Technological factors, such as on-line banking and brokerage services, and economic factors are also expected to increase competitive conditions.

 

To compete with other financial institutions in its primary service areas, the Bank relies principally upon local promotional activities, personal contacts by its officers, directors, employees, and stockholders, extended hours on weekdays, Saturday banking, Sunday banking in certain locations, Internet banking, an Internet website (www.cathaybank.com), and certain other specialized services. The content of our website is not incorporated into and is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

If a proposed loan exceeds the Bank’s internal lending limits, the Bank has, in the past, and may in the future, arrange such loans on a participation basis with correspondent banks. The Bank also assists customers requiring other services not offered by the Bank to obtain such services from its correspondent banks.

 

In California, at least two Chinese-American banks of comparable size compete for loans and deposits with the Bank and at least two super-regional banks compete with the Bank for deposits. In addition, there are many other Chinese-American banks in both Southern and Northern California. Banks from the Pacific Rim countries, such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China also continue to open branches in the Los Angeles area, thus increasing competition in the Bank’s primary markets. See discussion below in Part I — Item 1A — Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2006, the Bancorp and Bank (including subsidiaries) employed approximately 1,051 persons, including 332 banking officers. None of the employees are represented by a union. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.

 

Available Information

 

We invite you to visit us at our Web site at www.cathaybank.com, to access free of charge Bancorp’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, all of which are made available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with or furnish it to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In addition, you can write to us to obtain a free copy of any of those reports at Cathay General Bancorp, 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012, Attn: Investor Relations. These reports are also available through the SEC’s Public Reference Room, located at 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549 and online at the SEC’s website, located at www.sec.gov. Investors can obtain information about the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room by calling 800-SEC-0300.

 

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Regulation and Supervision

 

General

 

The Bancorp and the Bank are subject to significant regulation and restrictions by federal and state regulatory agencies. The following discussion of statutes and regulations is a summary and does not purport to be complete. This discussion is qualified in its entirety by reference to the statutes and regulations referred to in this discussion. No assurance can be given that these statutes and regulations will not change in the future.

 

Bank Holding Company Regulation

 

The Bancorp is a bank holding company within the meaning of the Bank Holding Company Act (“BHCA”) and is registered as such with the Federal Reserve Board. A bank holding company is required to file with the Federal Reserve Board annual reports and other information regarding its business operations and those of its nonbanking subsidiaries. It is also subject to supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve Board. Examinations are designed to inform the Federal Reserve Board of the financial condition and nature of the operations of the bank holding company and its subsidiaries and to monitor compliance with the BHCA and other laws affecting the operations of bank holding companies. To determine whether potential weaknesses in the condition or operations of bank holding companies might pose a risk to the safety and soundness of their subsidiary banks, examinations focus on whether a bank holding company has adequate systems and internal controls in place to manage the risks inherent in its business, including credit risk, interest rate risk, market risk (for example, from changes in value of portfolio instruments and foreign currency), liquidity risk, operational risk, legal risk, and reputation risk.

 

Bank holding companies may be subject to potential enforcement actions by the Federal Reserve Board for unsafe or unsound practices in conducting their businesses or for violations of any law, rule, regulation or any condition imposed in writing by the Federal Reserve Board or any written agreement with the Federal Reserve Board. Enforcement actions may include the issuance of cease and desist orders, the imposition of civil money penalties, the issuance of directives to increase capital, formal and informal agreements, or removal and prohibition orders against “institution-affiliated” parties.

 

Bank holding companies are subject to capital maintenance requirements on a consolidated basis that are parallel to those required for banks. See “Capital Adequacy Requirements” below. Further, a bank holding company is required to serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks and may not conduct its operations in an unsafe or unsound manner. In addition, it is the Federal Reserve Board’s view that, in serving as a source of strength to its subsidiary banks, a bank holding company should stand ready to use available resources to provide adequate capital funds to its subsidiary banks during periods of financial stress or adversity and should maintain financial flexibility and capital-raising capacity to obtain additional resources for assisting its subsidiary banks. A bank holding company’s failure to meet its source-of-strength obligations may constitute an unsafe and unsound practice or a violation of the Federal Reserve Board’s regulations, or both.

 

The source-of-strength doctrine most directly affects bank holding companies where a bank holding company’s subsidiary bank fails to maintain adequate capital levels. In such a situation, the subsidiary bank will be required by the bank’s federal regulator to take “prompt corrective action.” The prompt corrective action regulatory framework is discussed below. See “Prompt Corrective Action Provisions” below. Under the prompt corrective action program, the subsidiary bank will be required to submit to its federal regulator a capital restoration plan and to comply with the plan. Each parent company that controls the subsidiary bank will be required to provide assurances of compliance by the bank with the capital restoration plan. However, the aggregate liability of such parent companies will not exceed the lesser of (i) 5% of the bank’s total assets at the time it became undercapitalized and (ii) the amount necessary to bring the bank into compliance with the plan. Failure to restore capital under a capital restoration plan can result in the bank’s being placed into receivership if it becomes critically undercapitalized. A bank subject to prompt corrective action also may affect its parent bank holding company in other ways. These include possible restrictions or prohibitions on dividends to the parent bank holding company by the bank; subordinated debt payments to the parent; and other transactions between the

 

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bank and the holding company. In addition, the regulators may impose restrictions on the ability of the holding company itself to make distributions; require divestiture of holding company affiliates that pose a significant risk to the bank; and require divestiture of the undercapitalized subsidiary bank.

 

A bank holding company is generally required to give the Federal Reserve Board prior notice of any redemption or repurchase of its own equity securities, if the consideration to be paid, together with the consideration paid for any repurchases in the preceding year, is equal to 10% or more of the company’s consolidated net worth.

 

A bank holding company is required to obtain Federal Reserve Board approval before acquiring, directly or indirectly, ownership or control of any voting shares of any bank if it would thereby directly or indirectly own or control more than 5% of the voting stock of that bank, unless it already owns a majority of the voting stock. Prior approval from the Federal Reserve is also required in connection with the acquisition of control of a bank or another bank holding company, or business combinations with another bank holding company.

 

The business activities and investments of bank holding companies are also regulated by the BHCA. Bank holding companies, as a general rule, are prohibited from acquiring direct or indirect control of more than 5% of the outstanding voting shares of any company that is not engaged in the business of banking or managing or controlling banks or furnishing services to or performing services for its subsidiary banks. However, subject to prior approval or notification to the Federal Reserve Board, bank holding companies are permitted to engage in activities that are so closely related to banking as to be deemed a proper incident thereto. As a general rule, such “closely related” activities do not include underwriting or dealing in securities or underwriting of insurance. More expansive non-banking activities are permitted for bank holding companies that qualify as “financial holding companies” under the BHCA, but the Bancorp has not sought this status even though it qualifies to do so. See section below entitled “Financial Modernization Act.”

 

The Bancorp is also a bank holding company within the meaning of Section 3700 of the California Financial Code. Therefore, the Bancorp and any of its subsidiaries are subject to examination by, and may be required to file reports with, the California Department of Financial Institutions.

 

Financial Modernization Act

 

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Modernization Act became effective March 11, 2000 (the “Financial Modernization Act”). It repealed two provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act: Section 20, which restricted the affiliation of Federal Reserve member banks with firms “engaged principally” in specified securities activities; and Section 32, which restricted officer, director, or employee interlocks between a member bank and any company or person “primarily engaged” in specified securities activities. In addition, it also contained provisions that expressly preempt any state law restricting the establishment of financial affiliations, primarily related to insurance. The general effect of the law is to establish a comprehensive framework to permit affiliations among commercial banks, insurance companies, securities firms, and other financial service providers by revising and expanding the BHCA framework to permit a holding company system to engage in a full range of financial activities through a bank holding company that qualifies as a “financial holding company.” Financial activities are broadly defined to include not only banking, insurance, and securities activities, but also merchant banking and additional activities that the Federal Reserve Board, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, determines to be financial in nature, incidental to such financial activities, or complementary activities that do not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally.

 

In order for the Bancorp to engage in expanded financial activities permissible under the Financial Modernization Act, it must elect to qualify as a “financial holding company.” The Bancorp currently meets the requirements to make this election, but its management has thus far decided not to do so, as the Bancorp has no present intention to engage in the expanded range of financial activities permitted to financial holding companies.

 

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Bank Regulation

 

Federal law mandates frequent examinations of all banks, with the costs of examinations to be assessed against the bank being examined. The Bank’s primary federal regulator is the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The FDIC has substantial enforcement powers over the banks that it regulates. Civil and criminal penalties may be imposed on such institutions and persons associated with those institutions for violations of laws or regulations.

 

As a California commercial bank whose deposits are insured by the FDIC, the Bank is subject to regulation, supervision and regular examination by the California Department of Financial Institutions and the FDIC, and must comply with applicable regulations of the Federal Reserve Board. The regulations of these agencies govern most aspects of the Bank’s business, including the making of periodic reports, its activities relating to dividends, investments, loans, borrowings, capital requirements, certain check-clearing activities, branching, mergers and acquisitions and numerous other areas. Supervision, legal action, and examination by these agencies is generally intended to protect depositors, creditors, borrowers and the deposit insurance fund and generally is not intended for the protection of stockholders. The activities of the Bank are also regulated by state law.

 

California law authorizes the Bank to engage in the “commercial banking business,” which generally encompasses lending, deposit-taking, and all other kinds of banking business in which banks, including national banks, customarily engage in the United States. In addition, California banks are authorized by state law to invest in subsidiaries that engage in real estate development and conduct certain real estate related activities (including property management and real estate appraisal) and in management consulting and data processing services for third parties. Such operating subsidiaries are not permitted by California law to engage in insurance activities. However, federal law prohibits the Bank and its subsidiaries from engaging in any banking activities in which a national bank (acting as principal rather than agent) cannot engage, unless the activity is found by the FDIC not to pose a significant risk to the deposit insurance fund. This prohibition does not extend to those activities in which the Bank (or a subsidiary of the Bank) is authorized under state law to engage as agent, advisor, custodian, administrator or trustee for its customer. The FDIC has found real estate development not to pose a significant risk to the deposit insurance fund if conducted within specified parameters.

 

In addition, under the Financial Modernization Act, the Bank can engage in expanded financial activities through specially qualified “financial subsidiaries” to the same extent as a national bank. In order to form a financial subsidiary, the Bank must be well-capitalized and would be subject to the same capital deduction, risk management and affiliate transaction rules as apply to national banks. Generally, a financial subsidiary is permitted to engage in activities that are “financial in nature” or incidental thereto, even though they are not permissible for the national bank to conduct directly within the bank. The definition of “financial in nature” includes, among other items, underwriting, dealing in or making a market in securities, including, for example, distributing shares of mutual funds. The subsidiary may not, however, engage as principal in underwriting insurance (other than credit life insurance), issue annuities, or engage in real estate development or investment or merchant banking. Presently, none of the Bank’s subsidiaries are financial subsidiaries.

 

The Bank operates branches and/or loan production offices in New York, Illinois, Massachusetts, Texas, and Washington. While the California Department of Financial Institutions remains the Bank’s primary state regulator, the Bank’s operations in these jurisdictions are subject to examination and supervision by local bank regulators, and transactions with customers in those states are subject to local laws, including consumer protection laws.

 

The Bank also operates representative offices in Taipei, Shanghai, and Hong Kong. The operations of these offices (and limits on the scope of their activities) are subject to local law in those jurisdictions in addition to regulation and supervision by the California Department of Financial Institutions and the FDIC.

 

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Deposit Insurance

 

The FDIC is an independent federal agency that insures deposits, up to prescribed statutory limits, of federally insured banks and savings institutions and safeguards the safety and soundness of the banking and savings industries. Previously, the FDIC administered two separate insurance funds, the Bank Insurance Fund (“BIF”), which generally insured commercial bank and state savings bank deposits, and the Savings Association Insurance Fund (“SAIF”), which generally insured savings association deposits. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005 (the "FDI Reform Act"), which was signed into law in February 2006:

 

   

the BIF and the SAIF were merged into a new combined fund, called the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”), effective March 31, 2006;

 

   

the current $100,000 deposit insurance coverage cap has been indexed for inflation (with adjustments every five years commencing January 1, 2011);

 

   

deposit insurance coverage for retirement accounts has been increased to $250,000 per participant subject to adjustment for inflation; and

 

   

a cap has been imposed on the level of the DIF, providing for the payment of dividends when the DIF grows beyond a specified threshold.

 

The FDIC has also been given greater latitude over management of the DIF’s reserve ratio to help dampen sharp fluctuations in assessment rates. Pursuant to enabling regulations enacted in November of 2006, the FDIC has set the designated reserve ratio for 2007 at 1.25% of estimated insured deposits.

 

The FDI Reform Act has revised the prior risk-based system for assessing premiums, with the intention of more closely linking premiums to the risk posed by institutions to the DIF. The FDIC will evaluate risk to the DIF based on three primary factors: supervisory ratings for all institutions; financial ratios for most institutions; and long-term debt issuer ratings for large institutions that have such ratings. As a result of these rules, it is contemplated that the assessment rates that took effect at the beginning of 2007 for nearly all of the industry will vary between five and seven cents for every $100 of domestic deposits.

 

Banks in existence on December 31, 1996, that paid assessments prior to that date (or their successors) are entitled to a one-time credit against future assessments based on their past contributions to the BIF. As a result, most banks will have assessment credits that will initially offset all of their deposit premiums for 2007. The Bank anticipates that it will be able to offset its deposit insurance premium for 2007 with an estimated assessment credit of $ 4.0 million for premiums paid prior to 1996.

 

In addition, banks must pay a fluctuating amount towards the retirement of the Financing Corporation bonds (commonly referred to as FICO bonds) which had been issued in the 1980s to assist in the recovery of the savings and loan industry. The current FICO assessment rate as of January 1, 2007, for institutions insured by the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”) is $0.0122 per $100 of assessable deposit. The FICO assessments are adjusted quarterly and do not vary depending on an institution’s capitalization or supervisory evaluations. These assessments will continue until the Financing Corporation bonds mature in 2017.

 

Capital Adequacy Requirements

 

The Bank (as well as the Bancorp) is subject to capital adequacy regulations. Those regulations incorporate both risk-based and leverage capital requirements. These capital adequacy regulations define capital in terms of “core capital elements,” or Tier 1 capital, and “supplemental capital elements,” or Tier 2 capital. Tier 1 capital is generally defined as the sum of the core capital elements less goodwill and certain other deductions, notably the unrealized net gains or losses (after tax adjustments) on available for sale investment securities carried at fair value. The following items are included as core capital elements: (i) common shareholders’ equity; (ii) qualifying non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus, including trust preferred securities (but not in excess of 25% of Tier 1 capital); and (iii) minority interests in the equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries.

 

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Supplementary capital elements include: (i) allowance for loan and lease losses (but not more than 1.25% of an institution’s risk-weighted assets); (ii) perpetual preferred stock and related surplus not qualifying as core capital; (iii) hybrid capital instruments, perpetual debt and mandatory convertible debt instruments; and (iv) term subordinated debt and intermediate-term preferred stock and related surplus. The maximum amount of supplemental capital elements which qualifies as Tier 2 capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1 capital.

 

The minimum required ratio of qualifying total capital to total risk-weighted assets, or the total risk-based capital ratio, is 8.0%, at least one-half of which must be in the form of Tier 1 capital, and the minimum required ratio of Tier 1 capital to total risk-weighted assets, or the Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, is 4.0%. Risk-based capital ratios are calculated to provide a measure of capital that reflects the degree of risk associated with a banking organization’s operations for both transactions reported on the balance sheet as assets, and transactions, such as letters of credit and recourse arrangements, which are recorded as off-balance sheet items. Under the risk-based capital guidelines, the nominal dollar amounts of assets and credit-equivalent amounts of off-balance sheet items are multiplied by one of several risk adjustment percentages, which range from 0% for assets with low credit risk, such as certain U.S. Treasury securities, to 100% for assets with relatively high credit risk, such as business loans. As of December 31, 2006, the Bank’s total risk-based capital ratio was 10.99% and its Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 9.37%. As of December 31, 2006, the Bancorp’s Total Risk-Based Capital ratio was 11.00% and its Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 9.40%

 

The risk-based capital requirements also take into account concentrations of credit (i.e., relatively large proportions of loans involving one borrower, industry, location, collateral or loan type) and the risks of “non-traditional” activities (those that have not customarily been part of the banking business). The regulations require institutions with high or inordinate levels of risk to operate with higher minimum capital standards and authorize the regulators to review an institution’s management of such risks in assessing an institution’s capital adequacy.

 

The risk-based capital regulations also include exposure to interest rate risk as a factor that the regulators will consider in evaluating a bank’s capital adequacy. Interest rate risk is the exposure of a bank’s current and future earnings and equity capital arising from adverse movements in interest rates. While interest risk is inherent in a bank’s role as financial intermediary, it introduces volatility to bank earnings and to the economic value of the institution.

 

Since 1997, the federal banking regulators have also required financial institutions with significant exposure to market risk to maintain adequate capital to support that exposure. In September of 2006, the federal banking agencies proposed revisions to the market risk capital rules to enhance the rules’ sensitivity to market risk and to require public disclosure of certain qualitative and quantitative market risk information. Financial institutions covered by this aspect of the capital rules are those with trading assets constituting 10% or more of total assets, or $1 billion or more, or such other institutions as the appropriate federal bank regulatory agency deems appropriate to include. Neither the Bancorp nor the Bank is currently subject to the market risk capital rules.

 

The Bancorp and the Bank are also required to maintain a leverage capital ratio designed to supplement the risk-based capital guidelines. Banks and bank holding companies that have received the highest rating of the five categories used by regulators to rate banks and that are not anticipating or experiencing any significant growth must maintain a ratio of Tier 1 capital (net of all intangibles) to adjusted total assets of at least 3%. All other institutions are required to maintain a leverage ratio of at least 100 to 200 basis points above the 3% minimum, for a minimum of 4% to 5%. Pursuant to federal regulations, banks must maintain capital levels commensurate with the level of risk to which they are exposed, including the volume and severity of problem loans. Federal regulators may, however, set higher capital requirements when a bank’s particular circumstances warrant. As of December 31, 2006, the Bank’s leverage capital ratio was 8.95%, and the Bancorp’s leverage capital ratio was 8.98%, both ratios exceeding regulatory minimums.

 

The federal regulatory authorities’ risk-based capital guidelines are based upon the 1988 capital accord of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (“Basel I”). In June 2004, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published a new capital accord, referred to as “Basel II,” for adoption by those countries adhering to

 

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the overall Basel framework. Basel II emphasizes internal assessment of credit, market and operational risk, supervisory assessment and market discipline in determining minimum capital requirements. Basel II will become mandatory for US banks with over $250 billion in assets or total on-balance-sheet foreign exposure of $10 billion or more. Other banks can elect to be governed by Basel II. Basel II would not apply to the Bancorp or the Bank, and management does not contemplate electing to calculate its risk-based capital based on the Basel II capital framework.

 

In October 2005, U.S. banking regulators issued an advance rulemaking notice that contemplated modifications to the Basel I risk-based capital framework applicable to domestic banking organizations that are not required (or do not elect) to adopt Basel II. This was followed by a rulemaking notice dated December 26, 2006, also proposing modifications to the Basel I framework. These proposed modifications to Basel I are referred to as “Basel 1A.” Basel 1A is designed to redress perceived competitive inequities between financial institutions using Basel II and those using Basel I. In principle, Basel 1A would (i) expand the number of risk-weight categories, (ii) allow the use of external credit ratings to risk weight certain exposures, (iii) expand the range of collateral and guarantors that qualify for a lower risk weight, (iv) use loan-to-value ratios to risk weight most residential mortgages, and (v) revise other provisions of the existing risk-based capital requirements to increase the risk sensitivity of the risk-based capital rules for those banks that will not use Basel II. If implemented, Basel 1A would likely apply to the Bancorp and the Bank.

 

Prompt Corrective Action Provisions

 

Federal law requires each federal banking agency to take prompt corrective action when a bank falls below one or more prescribed minimum capital ratios. The federal banking agencies have by regulation defined the following five capital categories: “well capitalized” (total risk-based capital ratio of 10%; Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6%; and leverage capital ratio of 5%); “adequately capitalized” (total risk-based capital ratio of 8%; Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 4%; and leverage capital ratio of 4%) (or 3% if the institution receives the highest rating from its primary regulator); “undercapitalized” (total risk-based capital ratio of less than 8%; Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4%; or leverage capital ratio of less than 4%) (or 3% if the institution receives the highest rating from its primary regulator); “significantly undercapitalized” (total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6%; Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 3%; or leverage capital ratio less than 3%); and “critically undercapitalized” (tangible equity to total assets less than 2%). A bank may be treated as though it were in the next lower capital category if after notice and the opportunity for a hearing, the appropriate federal agency finds an unsafe or unsound condition or practice so warrants, but no bank may be treated as “critically undercapitalized” unless its actual capital ratio warrants such treatment. Undercapitalized banks are required to submit capital restoration plans and, during any period of capital inadequacy, may not pay dividends or make other capital distributions, are subject to asset growth and expansion restrictions and may not be able to accept brokered deposits. At each successively lower capital category, banks are subject to increased restrictions on operations.

 

Dividends

 

Holders of the Bancorp’s common stock are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by the board of directors out of funds legally available therefore under the laws of the State of Delaware. Delaware corporations such as the Bancorp may make distributions to their stockholders out of their surplus, or out of their net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and for the preceding fiscal year. However, dividends may not be paid out of a corporation’s net profits if, after the payment of the dividend, the corporation’s capital would be less than the capital represented by the issued and outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets.

 

The Federal Reserve Board has advised bank holding companies that it believes that payment of cash dividends in excess of current earnings from operations is inappropriate and may be cause for supervisory action. As a result of this policy, banks and their holding companies may find it difficult to pay dividends out of retained

 

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earnings from historical periods prior to the most recent fiscal year or to take advantage of earnings generated by extraordinary items such as sales of buildings or other large assets in order to generate profits to enable payment of future dividends. Further, the Federal Reserve Board’s position that holding companies are expected to provide a source of managerial and financial strength to their subsidiary banks potentially restricts a bank holding company’s ability to pay dividends.

 

The Bank is a legal entity that is separate and distinct from its holding company. The Bancorp receives income through dividends paid by the Bank. Subject to the regulatory restrictions described below, future cash dividends by the Bank will depend upon management’s assessment of future capital requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors.

 

The powers of the board of directors of the Bank to declare a cash dividend to its holding company is subject to California law, which restricts the amount available for cash dividends to the lesser of a bank’s retained earnings or net income for its last three fiscal years (less any distributions to shareholders made during such period). Where the above test is not met, cash dividends may still be paid, with the prior approval of the California Department of Financial Institutions in an amount not exceeding the greatest of (1) retained earnings of the bank; (2) the net income of the bank for its last fiscal year; or (3) the net income of the bank for its current fiscal year. The amount of retained earnings available for cash dividends to the Bancorp immediately after December 31, 2006, is restricted to approximately $211.3 million under this regulation.

 

Bank regulators also have authority to prohibit a bank from engaging in business practices considered to be unsafe or unsound. It is possible, depending upon the financial condition of a bank and other factors, that such regulators could assert that the payment of dividends or other payments might, under certain circumstances, be an unsafe or unsound practice, even if technically permissible.

 

Safety and Soundness Standards and Enforcement Actions

 

The federal banking agencies have adopted guidelines establishing safety and soundness standards for all insured depository institutions. Those guidelines set forth managerial and operational standards relating to (i) internal controls and information systems, (ii) internal audit systems, (iii) loan documentation, (iv) credit underwriting, (v), interest rate exposure, (vi) asset growth, (vii) asset quality, (viii) earnings and (ix) compensation and benefits. In general, the standards are designed to assist the federal banking agencies in identifying and addressing problems at insured depository institutions before capital becomes impaired. If an institution fails to meet safety and soundness standards, the appropriate federal banking agency may require the institution to submit a compliance plan and institute enforcement proceedings if an acceptable compliance plan is not submitted or the deficiency is not corrected.

 

In addition to these measures and the prompt corrective action provisions, banks may be subject to potential actions by federal regulators for unsafe or unsound practices in conducting their businesses or for violations of any law, rule, regulation or any condition imposed in writing by the agency or any written agreement with the agency. Enforcement actions may include the issuance of cease and desist orders, termination of insurance of deposits, the imposition of civil money penalties, the issuance of directives to increase capital, formal and informal agreements, or removal and prohibition orders against “institution-affiliated” parties.

 

Guidance on Nontraditional Mortgage Products

 

On September 29, 2006, the federal banking agencies issued final guidance on residential mortgage products that allow borrowers to defer repayment of principal or interest, including “interest only” mortgage loans, and “payment option” adjustable rate mortgages where a borrower has flexible payment options, including payments that have the potential for negative amortization. The guidance does not apply to home equity lines of credit. While acknowledging that innovations in mortgage lending can benefit some consumers, the federal banking agencies in their joint press release stated their concern that these and other practices described in the guidance

 

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can present unique risks that institutions must appropriately manage. The guidance states that management should (1) ensure that loan terms and underwriting standards are consistent with prudent lending practices, including consideration of a borrower’s repayment capacity, (2) recognize that many nontraditional mortgages are untested in a stressed environment and warrant strong risk management standards as well as appropriate capital and loan loss reserves, and (3) ensure that borrowers have sufficient information to clearly understand loan terms and associated risks prior to making a product or payment choice. It is uncertain at this time what effect the final guidance may have on financial institutions originating such residential mortgage products. As of December 31, 2006, the Bank retained 873 loans with balance of $290.2 million under reduced documentation programs and one loan with balance of $83,000 under a simultaneous second-lien loan program. No nontraditional residential mortgages were sold by the Bank during 2006.

 

Guidance on Real Estate Concentrations

 

On December 6, 2006, the federal banking agencies issued a guidance on sound risk management practices for concentrations in commercial real estate lending. The particular focus is on exposure to commercial real estate loans that are dependent on the cash flow from the real estate held as collateral and that are likely to be sensitive to conditions in the commercial real estate market (as opposed to real estate collateral held as a secondary source of repayment or as an abundance of caution). The purpose of the guidance is not to limit a bank’s commercial real estate lending but to guide banks in developing risk management practices and capital levels commensurate with the level and nature of real estate concentrations. The FDIC and other bank regulatory agencies will be focusing their supervisory resources on institutions that may have significant commercial real estate loan concentration risk. A bank that has experienced rapid growth in commercial real estate lending, has notable exposure to a specific type of commercial real estate loan, or is approaching or exceeding the following supervisory criteria may be identified for further supervisory analysis with respect to real estate concentration risk:

 

   

Total reported loans for construction, land development and other land represent 100% or more of the bank’s capital; or

 

   

Total commercial real estate loans (as defined in the Guidance) represent 300% or more of the bank’s total capital and the outstanding balance of the bank’s commercial real estate loan portfolio has increased 50% or more during the prior 36 months.

 

The strength of an institution’s lending and risk management practices with respect to such concentrations will be taken into account in supervisory evaluation of capital adequacy. At December 31, 2006, total commercial real estate loans as defined in the Guidance were 514% of the Bank’s total capital. It is uncertain at this time what effect this guidance may have on the Bank.

 

Transactions with Affiliates

 

Federal banking law imposes restrictions on extensions of credit by the Bank to the Bancorp or its nonbanking affiliates, the purchase by the Bank of assets of, or securities issued by, the Bancorp or its nonbanking affiliates, and the taking by the Bank of securities issued by the Bancorp as collateral for loans made by the Bank. Such restrictions prevent the Bancorp and its nonbanking affiliates from borrowing from the Bank unless the loans are secured by marketable obligations of designated amounts. Further, these secured loans and investments by the Bank to or in the Bancorp, or to or in any nonbanking affiliate, are limited, individually, to 10% of the Bank’s capital and surplus, and these secured loans and investments are limited, in the aggregate, to 20% of the Bank’s capital and surplus. California law also imposes certain restrictions with respect to transactions involving persons or entities controlling the Bank, such as the Bancorp, and requires that such transactions be approved in advance by the California Department of Financial Institutions. Additional restrictions on transactions with affiliates may be imposed on the Bank under the prompt corrective action provisions of federal law discussed above. See “Prompt Corrective Action Provisions” below.

 

 

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Loans-to-One-Borrower

 

With certain limited exceptions, the maximum amount that a California bank may lend to any borrower at any one time (including the obligations to the bank of certain related entities of the borrower) may not exceed 25% (and unsecured loans may not exceed 15%) of the bank’s shareholder equity, allowance for loan losses, and any capital notes and debentures of the bank.

 

Extension of Credit to Insiders

 

Federal law place limitations and conditions on loans or extensions of credit to:

 

   

a bank’s or bank holding company’s executive officers, directors, and principal shareholders (i.e., in most cases, those persons who own, control or have power to vote more than 10% of any class of voting securities);

 

   

any company controlled by any such executive officer, director, or shareholder, or any political or campaign committee controlled by such executive officer, director, or principal shareholder.

 

Loans and leases extended to any of the above persons must comply with California’s loan-to-one-borrower limits (described above), require prior full board approval when aggregate extensions of credit to the person exceed specified amounts, must be made on substantially the same terms (including interest rates and collateral) as, and follow credit-underwriting procedures that are not less stringent than those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with non-insiders, and must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment, or present other unfavorable features. A bank is also prohibited from paying an overdraft on an account of an executive officer or director, except pursuant to a written pre-authorized interest-bearing extension of credit plan that specifies a method of repayment or a written pre-authorized transfer of funds from another account of the executive officer or director at the Bank. In addition, the aggregate limit on extensions of credit to all insiders of a California bank as a group cannot exceed the bank’s unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus.

 

Community Reinvestment Act

 

The Bank is subject to certain requirements and reporting obligations involving the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”). The CRA generally requires the federal banking agencies to evaluate the record of a financial institution in meeting the credit needs of its local communities, including low-and moderate-income neighborhoods. The CRA further requires the agencies to take into account a financial institution’s record of meeting its community credit needs when evaluating applications for, among other things, domestic branches, consummating mergers or acquisitions, or holding company formations. In measuring a bank’s compliance with its CRA obligations, the regulators utilize a performance-based evaluation system which bases CRA ratings on the bank’s actual lending, service, and investment performance, rather than on the extent to which the institution conducts needs assessments, documents community outreach activities, or complies with other procedural requirements. In connection with its assessment of CRA performance, the FDIC assigns a rating of “outstanding,” “satisfactory,” “needs to improve” or “substantial noncompliance.” In its most recently released public reports, from February 2004, the Bank received a “satisfactory” rating.

 

Other Consumer Protection Laws and Regulations

 

Examination and enforcement have become intense, and banks have been advised to monitor carefully compliance with various consumer protection laws and their implementing regulations. The federal Interagency Task Force on Fair Lending issued a policy statement on discrimination in home mortgage lending describing three methods that federal agencies will use to prove discrimination: overt evidence of discrimination, evidence of disparate treatment, and evidence of disparate impact. Due to heightened regulatory concern related to compliance with consumer protection laws and regulations generally, the Bank may incur additional compliance costs or be required to expend additional funds for investments in the local communities it serves.

 

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In addition to the other laws and regulations discussed herein, the Bank is subject to certain consumer and public interest laws and regulations that are designed to protect customers in transactions with banks. While the list set forth below is not exhaustive, these laws and regulations include the Truth in Lending Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act, the Expedited Funds Availability Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, and the Right to Financial Privacy Act. These laws and regulations mandate certain disclosure requirements and regulate the manner in which financial institutions must deal with customers when taking deposits, making loans, collecting loans, and providing other services. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations can subject the Bank to various penalties, including but not limited to enforcement actions, injunctions, fines or criminal penalties, punitive damages to consumers, and the loss of certain contractual rights.

 

The Americans with Disabilities Act, in conjunction with similar California legislation, has increased the cost of doing business for banks. The legislation requires employers with 15 or more employees and all businesses operating “commercial facilities” or “public accommodations” to accommodate disabled employees and customers. The Americans with Disabilities Act has two major objectives: (i) to prevent discrimination against disabled job applicants, job candidates and employees, and (ii) to provide disabled persons with ready access to commercial facilities and public accommodations. Commercial facilities, such as the Bank, must ensure that all new facilities are accessible to disabled persons, and in some instances may be required to adapt existing facilities to make them accessible.

 

Interstate Banking and Branching

 

Federal law regulates the interstate activities of banks and bank holding companies and establishes a framework for nationwide interstate banking and branching. Since June 1, 1997, a bank in one state has generally been permitted to merge with a bank in another state without the need for explicit state law authorization. However, states generally were given the ability to prohibit interstate mergers with banks in their own state by “opting-out” (enacting state legislation applying equality to all out-of-state banks prohibiting such mergers) prior to June 1, 1997.

 

Since 1995, adequately capitalized and managed bank holding companies have been permitted to acquire banks located in any state, subject to two exceptions: first, any state may still prohibit bank holding companies from acquiring a bank which is less than five years old; and second, no interstate acquisition can be completed by a bank holding company if the acquirer would control more than 10% of the deposits held by insured depository institutions nationwide or 30% or more of the deposits held by insured depository institutions in any state in which the target bank has branches.

 

A bank may establish and operate de novo branches in any state in which that bank does not maintain a branch if that state has enacted legislation to expressly permit all out-of-state banks to establish branches in that state.

 

Bank Secrecy Act and USA Patriot Act

 

The Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”) is a disclosure law that forms the basis of the federal government’s framework to prevent and detect money laundering and to deter other criminal enterprises. Under the BSA, financial institutions such as the Bank are required to maintain certain records and file certain reports regarding domestic currency transactions and cross-border transportations of currency. Among other requirements, the BSA requires financial institutions to report imports and exports of currency in the amount of $10,000 or more and, in general, all cash transactions of $10,000 or more. The Bank has established a BSA compliance policy under which, among other precautions, the Bank keeps currency transaction reports to document cash transactions in excess of $10,000 or in multiples totaling more than $10,000 during one business day, monitors certain potentially suspicious transactions such as the exchange of a large number of small denomination bills for

 

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large denomination bills, and scrutinizes electronic funds transfers for BSA compliance. The BSA also requires that financial institutions report to relevant law enforcement agencies any suspicious transactions potentially involving violations of law.

 

The terrorist attacks in September 2001 impacted the financial services industry and led to the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, or the USA Patriot Act. Part of the USA Patriot Act is the International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001, or IMLAFATA. Pursuant to IMLAFATA, an additional purpose was added to the BSA: “To assist in the conduct of intelligence or counter-intelligence activities, including analysis, to protect against international terrorism.”

 

IMLAFATA also significantly expanded the role of financial institutions in combating money laundering. In particular, it required financial institutions to establish anti-money laundering programs, which, at a minimum, include internal policies, procedures, and controls designed to prevent the institution from being used for money laundering; the designation of a BSA compliance officer; ongoing employee training; and an independent audit program to test the effectiveness of the institution’s anti-money laundering programs. The FDIC and the other federal banking agencies promptly adopted regulations requiring each financial institution to establish comprehensive anti-money laundering compliance programs designed to assure compliance with the BSA and otherwise meeting the statutory requirements for such programs set forth in IMLAFATA. In addition, these regulations required each financial institution to establish a customer identification program to be implemented as part of the institution’s anti-money laundering compliance program.

 

IMLAFATA authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the heads of other government agencies, to adopt special measures applicable to banks, bank holding companies, and/or other financial institutions. These measures may include enhanced recordkeeping and reporting requirements for certain financial transactions that are of primary money laundering concern, due diligence requirements concerning the beneficial ownership of certain types of accounts, and restrictions or prohibitions on certain types of accounts with foreign financial institutions.

 

Among its other provisions, IMLAFATA requires each financial institution to (i) establish due diligence policies, procedures, and controls with respect to its private banking accounts and correspondent banking accounts involving foreign individuals and certain foreign banks and (ii) avoid establishing, maintaining, administering, or managing correspondent accounts in the United States of America for, or on behalf of, a foreign bank that does not have a physical presence in any country. In addition, IMLAFATA contains a provision encouraging cooperation among financial institutions, regulatory authorities and law enforcement authorities with respect to individuals, entities, and organizations engaged in, or reasonably suspected of engaging in, terrorist acts or money laundering activities. IMLAFATA expands the circumstances under which funds in a bank account may be forfeited and requires covered financial institutions to respond under certain circumstances to requests for information from federal banking agencies within 120 hours. IMLAFATA also requires the federal banking agencies to consider the effectiveness of a financial institution’s anti-money laundering activities when reviewing an application under the BHCA or in connection with a potential bank merger under the Bank Merger Act.

 

Customer Information Security

 

The federal bank regulatory agencies have adopted guidelines for safeguarding confidential, personal customer information. The guidelines require each financial institution, under the supervision and ongoing oversight of its Board of Directors or an appropriate committee thereof, to create, implement and maintain a comprehensive written information security program designed to ensure the security and confidentiality of customer information, protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of such information and protect against unauthorized access or use of such information that could result in substantial harm or inconvenience to any customer.

 

 

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Privacy

 

The Bank is required under federal law to implement policies and procedures regarding the disclosure of nonpublic personal information about consumers to non-affiliate third parties. In general, the statute requires a financial institution to (i) provide notice to customers about its privacy policies and practices, (ii) describe the conditions under which the institution may disclose nonpublic personal information about consumers to nonaffiliated third parties, and (iii) provide a method for consumers to prevent the financial institution from disclosing that information to nonaffiliated third parties by “opting out” of that disclosure.

 

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

The Bancorp’s common stock is publicly held and listed on NASDAQ, and the Bancorp is subject to the periodic reporting, information, proxy solicitation, insider trading, corporate governance and other requirements and restrictions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission promulgated hereunder and the listing requirements of NASDAQ.

 

Sarbanes-Oxley Act

 

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 implemented legislative reforms applicable to companies with securities traded publicly in the United States of America. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is intended to address corporate and accounting fraud and contains provisions dealing with corporate governance and management, disclosure, oversight of the accounting profession and auditor independence. Although the Bancorp has incurred and expects to continue to incur additional expenses in complying with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, it does not expect that compliance will have a material effect on its financial condition or results of operations.

 

Audit Requirements

 

The Bank is required to have an annual independent audit, alone or as a part of its bank holding company’s audit, and to prepare all financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The Bank (or the Bancorp) is also required to have an audit committee comprised entirely of independent directors. As required by NASDAQ, the Bancorp has certified that its audit committee has adopted formal written charters and meets the requisite number of directors, independence, and qualification standards. In addition, because the Bank has more than $3 billion in total assets, it is subject to the FDIC requirements for audit committees of large institutions. As such, among other requirements, the Bancorp must maintain an audit committee which includes members with banking or related financial management expertise, has access to its own outside counsel, and does not include members who are large customers of the Bank.

 

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 addresses accounting oversight and corporate governance matters. Management and the Bancorp’s independent registered public accounting firm are required to assess the effectiveness of the Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006. These assessments are included in Item 9A, “Controls and Procedures,” below.

 

Federal Home Loan Bank System

 

The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of San Francisco. Among other benefits, each FHLB serves as a reserve or central bank for its members within its assigned region. Each FHLB is financed primarily from the sale of consolidated obligations of the FHLB system. Each FHLB makes available loans or advances to its members in compliance with the policies and procedures established by the Board of Directors of the individual FHLB. Each member of the FHLB of San Francisco is required to own stock in an amount equal to the greater of (i) a membership stock requirement with an initial cap of $25 million (100% of “membership asset value” as defined), or (ii) an activity based stock requirement (based on percentage of outstanding advances).

 

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Impact of Monetary Policies

 

The earnings and growth of the Bank are largely dependent on its ability to maintain a favorable differential or spread between the yield on its interest-earning assets and the rates paid on its deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities. As a result, the Bank’s performance is influenced by general economic conditions, both domestic and foreign, the monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government, and the policies of the regulatory agencies. The Federal Reserve Board implements national monetary policies (such as seeking to curb inflation and combat recession) by its open-market operations in U.S. Government securities, by adjusting the required level of reserves for financial institutions subject to its reserve requirements and by varying the discount rate applicable to borrowings by banks from the Federal Reserve Banks. The actions of the Federal Reserve Board in these areas influence the growth of bank loans, investments, and deposits and also affect interest rates charged on loans and deposits. The nature and impact of any future changes in monetary policies cannot be predicted.

 

Environmental Regulation

 

In the course of the Bank’s business, the Bank may foreclose and take title to real estate, and could be subject to environmental liabilities with respect to these properties. The Bank may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage, personal injury, investigation and clean-up costs incurred by these parties in connection with environmental contamination, or may be required to investigate or clear up hazardous or toxic substances, or chemical releases at a property. The costs associated with investigation or remediation activities could be substantial. In addition, as the owner or former owner of any contaminated site, the Bank may be subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination emanating from the property. If the Bank ever becomes subject to significant environmental liabilities, its business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 

Other Pending and Proposed Legislation

 

Other legislative and regulatory initiatives which could affect the Bancorp and the Bank and the banking industry in general are pending, and additional initiatives may be proposed or introduced, before the U.S. Congress, the California legislature, and other governmental bodies in the future. Such proposals, if enacted, may further alter the structure, regulation, and competitive relationship among financial institutions, and may subject the Bancorp and the Bank to increased regulation, disclosure, and reporting requirements. In addition, the various banking regulatory agencies often adopt new rules and regulations to implement and enforce existing legislation. It cannot be predicted whether, or in what form, any such legislation or regulations may be enacted or the extent to which the business of the Bancorp or the Bank would be affected thereby.

 

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

 

The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of probable loan losses. Actual loan losses in excess of the estimate could adversely affect our net income and capital.

 

The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s estimate of the probable losses from our loan portfolio. If actual losses exceed the estimate, the excess losses could adversely affect our net income and capital. Such excess losses could also lead to larger allowances for loan losses in future periods, which could in turn adversely affect net income and capital in those periods. If economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in the estimate or adverse developments arise with respect to our loans, future losses may occur, and increases in the allowance may be necessary. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the adequacy of our allowance. These agencies may require us to establish additional allowances based on their judgment of the information available at the time of their examinations. No assurance can be given that we will not sustain loan losses in excess of present or future levels of the allowance for loan losses.

 

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Fluctuations in interest rates could reduce our net interest income and adversely affect our business.

 

The interest rate risk inherent in our lending, investing, and deposit taking activities is a significant market risk to us and our business. Income associated with interest-earning assets and costs associated with interest-bearing liabilities may not be affected uniformly by fluctuations in interest rates. The magnitude and duration of changes in interest rates, events over which we have no control, may have an adverse effect on net interest income. Prepayment and early withdrawal levels, which are also impacted by changes in interest rates, can significantly affect our assets and liabilities. Increases in interest rates may adversely affect the ability of our floating rate borrowers to meet their higher payment obligations, which could in turn lead to an increase in non-performing assets and net charge-offs.

 

Generally, the interest rates on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities of the Company do not change at the same rate, to the same extent, or on the same basis. Even assets and liabilities with similar maturities or periods of repricing may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in general market interest rates, while interest rates on other types of assets and liabilities may lag behind changes in general market rates. Certain assets, such as fixed and adjustable rate mortgage loans, have features that limit changes in interest rates on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset.

 

We seek to minimize the adverse effects of changes in interest rates by structuring our asset-liability composition to obtain the maximum spread. We use interest rate sensitivity analysis and a simulation model to assist us in estimating the optimal asset-liability composition. However, such management tools have inherent limitations that impair their effectiveness. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in minimizing the adverse effects of changes in interest rates. See also the sections entitled “Risks Elements of the Loan Portfolio” under Item 7 and “Market Risk” under Item 7A of this Annual Report on the Form 10-K.

 

We have engaged in and may continue to engage in further expansion through mergers and acquisitions, which could negatively affect our business and earnings.

 

We have engaged in and may continue to engage in expansion through mergers and acquisitions. There are risks associated with such expansion. These risks include, among others, incorrectly assessing the asset quality of a bank acquired in a particular transaction, encountering greater than anticipated costs in integrating acquired businesses, facing resistance from customers or employees, and being unable to profitably deploy assets acquired in the transaction. Additional country- and region-specific risks are associated with transactions outside the United States, including in China. To the extent we issue capital stock in connection with additional transactions, these transactions and related stock issuances may have a dilutive effect on earnings per share and share ownership.

 

Our earnings, financial condition, and prospects after a merger or acquisition depend in part on our ability to successfully integrate the operations of the acquired company. We may be unable to integrate operations successfully or to achieve expected cost savings. Any cost savings which are realized may be offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings.

 

Inflation and deflation may adversely affect our financial performance.

 

The consolidated financial statements and related financial data presented in this report have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. These principles require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars, without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation or deflation. The primary impact of inflation on the operations of the Company is reflected in increased operating costs. Conversely, deflation will tend to erode collateral values and diminish loan quality. Virtually all of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on our performance than the general levels of inflation or deflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as the price of goods and services.

 

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As we expand our business outside of California markets, we will encounter risks that could adversely affect us.

 

We primarily operate in California markets with a concentration of Chinese-American individuals and businesses; however, one of our strategies is to expand beyond California into other domestic markets that have concentrations of Chinese-American individuals and businesses. In the course of this expansion, we will encounter significant risks and uncertainties that could have a material adverse effect on our operations. These risks and uncertainties include increased operational difficulties arising from, among other things, our ability to attract sufficient business in new markets, to manage operations in noncontiguous market areas, and to anticipate events or differences in markets in which we have no current experience.

 

To the extent that we expand through acquisitions, such acquisitions may also adversely harm our business, if we fail to adequately address the financial and operational risks associated with such acquisitions. For example, risks can include difficulties in assimilating the operations, technology, and personnel of the acquired company; diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns; inability to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies; potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities; incurrence of additional debt and contingent liabilities; use of cash resources; large write-offs; and amortization expenses related to other intangible assets with finite lives.

 

Our financial results could be adversely affected by changes in California tax law and changes in its interpretation relating to registered investment companies and real estate investment trusts.

 

Our effective income tax rate was lower in 2002 and 2001 than in subsequent years due in large part to income tax benefits derived from a registered investment company subsidiary of the Bank. We had relied on the California tax law related to registered investment companies and on an outside tax opinion in creating this subsidiary. In the fourth quarter of 2003, a change in that law was enacted by the California Legislature, which would deny such tax benefits from and after January 1, 2003. On December 31, 2003, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) announced its position that certain tax deductions related to regulated investment companies as well as real estate investment trusts prior to January 1, 2003 would also be disallowed.

 

In December, 2002, we decided to deregister the registered investment company and, in February, 2003, we completed such deregistration. In addition, in the fourth quarter of 2003, the Company reversed the net state tax benefits recorded in the first three quarters of 2003 relating to the real estate investment trust (REIT) that it formed as a subsidiary of the Bank during 2003. The Company did not record any tax benefits relating to the REIT in the fourth quarter of 2003 and did not record any such benefits in 2004, 2005, or 2006.

 

As previously disclosed, on December 31, 2003, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) announced its intent to list certain transactions that in its view constitute potentially abusive tax shelters. Included in the transactions subject to this listing were transactions utilizing regulated investment companies (RICs) and real estate investment trusts (REITs). As part of the notification indicating the listed transactions, the FTB also indicated its position that it intends to disallow tax benefits associated with these transactions. While the Company continues to believe that the tax benefits recorded in three prior years with respect to its regulated investment company were appropriate and fully defensible under California law, the Company has deemed it prudent to participate in Voluntary Compliance Initiative – Option 2, requiring payment of all California taxes and interest on these disputed 2000 through 2002 tax benefits, and permitting the Company to claim a refund for these years while avoiding certain potential penalties. The Company retains potential exposure for assertion of an accuracy-related penalty should the FTB prevail in its position in addition to the risk of not being successful in its refund claims. As of December 31, 2006, the Company reflected a $12.1 million net state tax receivable for the years 2000, 2001, and 2002 after giving effect to reserves for loss contingencies on the refund claims, or an equivalent of $7.9 million after giving effect to Federal tax benefits. The FTB is currently in the process of reviewing and assessing our refund claims for taxes and interest for tax years 2000 through 2002. The Company does not expect that its refund claims related to its regulated investment company will more likely than not be realized and consequently, expects to include the $7.9 million after tax amount related to its refund claim in its

 

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cumulative effect adjustment for Interpretation No. 48 as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the January 1, 2007 effective date of Interpretation No. 48.

 

Adverse economic conditions in California and other regions where the Bank has operations could cause us to incur losses.

 

Our banking operations are concentrated primarily in Southern and Northern California, and secondarily in New York, Texas, Massachusetts, Washington, and Illinois. Adverse economic conditions in these regions could impair borrowers’ ability to service their loans, decrease the level and duration of deposits by customers, and erode the value of loan collateral. These events could increase the amount of our non-performing assets and have an adverse effect on our efforts to collect our non-performing loans or otherwise liquidate our non-performing assets (including other real estate owned) on terms favorable to us.

 

Real estate securing our lending activities is also principally located in Southern and Northern California, and to a lesser extent, in New York, Texas, Massachusetts, Washington, and Illinois. The value of such collateral depends upon conditions in the relevant real estate markets. These include general or local economic conditions and neighborhood characteristics, real estate tax rates, the cost of operating the properties, governmental regulations and fiscal policies, acts of nature including earthquakes, flood and hurricanes (which may result in uninsured losses), and other factors beyond our control.

 

The risks inherent in construction lending may adversely affect our net income.

 

The risks inherent in construction lending may adversely affect our net income. Such risks include, among other things, the possibility that contractors may fail to complete, or complete on a timely basis, construction of the relevant properties; substantial cost overruns in excess of original estimates and financing; market deterioration during construction; and lack of permanent take-out financing. Loans secured by such properties also involve additional risk because such properties have no operating history. In these loans, loan funds are advanced upon the security of the project under construction, which is of uncertain value prior to completion of construction, and the estimated operating cash flow to be generated by the completed project. There is no assurance that such properties will be sold or leased so as to generate the cash flow anticipated by the borrower. Such consideration can affect the borrowers’ ability to repay their obligations to us and the value of our security interest in collateral.

 

Our use of appraisals in deciding whether to make a loan on or secured by real property does not insure the value of the real property collateral.

 

In considering whether to make a loan on or secured by real property, we generally require an appraisal of such property. However, the appraisal is only an estimate of the value of the property at the time the appraisal is made. If the appraisal does not reflect the amount that may be obtained upon any sale or foreclosure of the property, we may not realize an amount equal to the indebtedness secured by the property.

 

We face substantial competition from larger competitors.

 

We face substantial competition for deposits and loans, as well as other banking services, throughout our market area from the major banks and financial institutions that dominate the commercial banking industry. This may cause our cost of funds to exceed that of our competitors. Such banks and financial institutions have greater resources than us, including the ability to finance advertising campaigns and allocate their investment assets to regions of higher yield and demand. By virtue of their larger capital bases, such institutions have substantially greater lending limits than us and perform certain functions, including trust services, which are not presently offered by us. We also compete for loans and deposits, as well as other banking services, with savings and loan associations, finance companies, money market funds, brokerage houses, credit unions and non-financial institutions.

 

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Adverse effects of banking regulations or changes in banking regulations could adversely affect our business by increasing our expenses, limiting our activities, or altering the competitive balance.

 

We are regulated by significant federal and state regulation and supervision, which is primarily for the benefit and protection of our customers or which serve other public policies and not for the benefit of our stockholders. In the past, our business has been materially affected by such regulation and supervision. This trend is likely to continue in the future. Laws, regulations, or policies currently affecting us may change at any time. Regulatory authorities may also change their interpretation of existing laws and regulations. It is impossible to predict the competitive impact that any such changes would have on commercial banking in general or on our business in particular. Such changes may, among other things, increase the cost of doing business, limit permissible activities, or affect the competitive balance between banks and other financial institutions.

 

Adverse economic conditions in Asia could adversely affect our business.

 

A substantial number of our customers have economic and cultural ties to Asia and, as a result, we are likely to feel the effects of adverse economic and political conditions in Asia. U.S. and global economic policies, military tensions, and unfavorable global economic conditions may adversely impact the Asian economies. If economic conditions in Asia deteriorate, we could, among other things, be exposed to economic and transfer risk, and could experience an outflow of deposits by those of our customers with connections to Asia. Transfer risk may result when an entity is unable to obtain the foreign exchange needed to meet its obligations or to provide liquidity. This may adversely impact the recoverability of investments with or loans made to such entities. Adverse economic conditions in Asia, and in China or Taiwan in particular, may also negatively impact asset values and the profitability and liquidity of our customers who operate in this region.

 

Statutory restrictions on dividends and other distributions from the Bank may adversely impact us by limiting the amount of distributions the Bancorp may receive.

 

A substantial portion of the Bancorp’s cash flow comes from dividends that the Bank pays to us. Various statutory provisions restrict the amount of dividends that the Bank can pay without regulatory approval. In addition, if the Bank were to liquidate, the Bank’s creditors would be entitled to receive distributions from the assets of the Bank to satisfy their claims against the Bank before Bancorp, as a holder of the equity interest in the Bank, would be entitled to receive any of the assets of the Bank.

 

Our need to continue to adapt to our information technology systems to allow us to provide new and expanded services could present operational issues and require significant capital spending.

 

As we continue to offer internet banking and other on-line services to our customers, and continue to expand our existing conventional banking services, we will need to adapt our information technology systems to handle these changes in a way that meets constantly changing industry and regulatory standards. This can be very expensive and may require significant capital expenditures. In addition, our success will depend, among other things, on our ability to provide secure and reliable services, anticipate changes in technology, and efficiently develop and introduce services that are accepted by our customers and cost effective for us to provide. Systems failures, delays, breaches of confidentiality and other problems could harm our reputation and business.

 

Certain provisions of our charter, bylaws, and rights agreement could make the acquisition of our Company more difficult.

 

Certain provisions of our Charter, Bylaws, and Rights Agreement between us and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, as Rights Agent, could make the acquisition of our company more difficult. These provisions include authorized but unissued shares of preferred and common stock that may be issued without stockholder approval; three classes of directors serving staggered terms; preferred share purchase rights that generally become exercisable if a person or group acquires 15% or more of our common stock or announces a

 

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tender offer for 15% or more of our common stock; special requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations for director; and super-majority voting requirements in certain situations including certain types of business combinations.

 

Terrorist attacks could adversely affect us.

 

Any terrorist attacks and responses to such activities could adversely affect the Company in a number of ways, including, among others, an increase in delinquencies, bankruptcies or defaults that could result in a higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for loan losses.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

 

The Company has not received written comments regarding its periodic or current reports from the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission that were issued 180 days before the end of its 2006 fiscal year and that remain unresolved.

 

Item 2. Properties.

 

Cathay General Bancorp

 

The Bancorp currently neither owns nor leases any real or personal property. The Bancorp uses the premises, equipment, and furniture of the Bank in exchange for payment of a management fee to the Bank.

 

Cathay Bank

 

The Bank’s main corporate office and headquarter branch is located in a 26,527 square foot building in the Chinatown area of Los Angeles. The Bank owns both the building and the land upon which the building is situated. Parking is provided on a lot adjacent to the Bank’s building, which is owned by the Bank. In June 2006, the Bank acquired a seven story 102,548 square foot office building in South El Monte to serve as its future headquarters building. The building is currently partially occupied by a tenant under a lease that will expire on March 31, 2007. The Bank expects to relocate to its new headquarters in 2008 after the completion of extensive renovations to the office building.

 

The Bank owns its branch offices in Monterey Park, Alhambra, Westminster, San Gabriel, City of Industry, Cupertino, Artesia, New York City, Flushing (2 locations), and Chicago. In addition, the Bank has certain operating and administrative departments located at 4128 Temple City Boulevard, Rosemead, California, where it owns the building and land with approximately 27,600 square feet of space.

 

The Bank leases certain other premises. Expiration dates of the Bank’s leases range from March 2007 to December 2016. The Bank’s leased offices include the former headquarter of General Bank, located at 800 West 6th Street, Los Angeles, California 90017, consisting of approximately 41,501 square feet of rentable area which includes the ground floor and the second, fourteenth, and fifteenth floors of the building. The initial lease term will expire in the year 2009, and the Bank has two five-year options to renew the lease following the expiration date of the initial term. As of December 31, 2006, the monthly base rent for the facility was $117,000. The monthly base rent is subject to change on specified dates during the 15-year initial lease term.

 

The proposed branch in Hong Kong will be located at 28 Queen’s Road Central Hong Kong. The lease for the 3,436 square feet office commenced on December 14, 2006 and has a term of three years. The representative office in Taipei of Cathay Bank is located at Sixth Floor, Suite 3, 146 Sung Chiang Road, Taipei, Taiwan, and consists of 1,806 square feet. The lease was renewed for one year from July 1, 2006 to June 30, 2007.

 

As of December 31, 2006, the Bank’s investment in premises and equipment totaled $72.9 million. See also Note 8 and Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

 

We are not currently aware of any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business of the Bank to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any of their property is the subject.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

 

There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2006.

 

Executive Officers of Registrant.

 

The table below sets forth the names, ages, and positions at the Bancorp and the Bank of all executive officers of the Company as of February 15, 2007. See Part III, Item 10 — “Directors and Executive Officers and Corporate Governance,” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding the executive officers of the Bancorp and the Bank.

 

Name


   Age

  

Present Position and Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years


Dunson K. Cheng

   62    Chairman of the Board of Directors of Bancorp and the Bank since 1994; Director and President (Chief Executive Officer) of Bancorp since 1990. President of the Bank since 1985 and Director of the Bank since 1982.

Peter Wu

   58    Director, Executive Vice Chairman, and Chief Operating Officer of Bancorp and the Bank since October 20, 2003. Director of GBC Bancorp and General Bank from 1981 to October, 2003; Chairman of the Board of GBC Bancorp and General Bank from January, 2003 to October, 2003; President and Chief Executive Officer of GBC Bancorp and General Bank from January, 2001 to October, 2003.

Anthony M. Tang

   53    Director of Bancorp since 1990; Executive Vice President of Bancorp since 1994; Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Bancorp from 1990 until June 2003. Chief Lending Officer of the Bank since 1985; Director of the Bank since 1986; Senior Executive Vice President of the Bank since December 1998.

Heng W. Chen

   54    Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Bancorp since June 2003. Executive Vice President of the Bank since June 2003. Chief Financial Officer of the Bank since January 2004. Executive Vice President-Finance of City National Bank from March 2000 until June 2003.

Irwin Wong

   58    Executive Vice President-Branch Administration for the Bank since 1999.

Kim R. Bingham

   50    Executive Vice President – Chief Credit Officer of the Bank since August 2004. First Vice President – Private Banking of Mellon Bank from April 2003 to August 2004; Senior Vice President – Credit Administration of City National Bank from 2002 to April 2003; Senior Vice President - Structured Finance Division of City National Bank from 2000 to 2002.

Perry P. Oei

   44    Senior Vice President of Bancorp and the Bank since January 2004; General Counsel of Bancorp and the Bank since July 2001.

 

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Table of Contents

PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

 

Market Information

 

The Bancorp’s common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “CATY.” Prior to July 3, 2006, the Bancorp’s common stock traded on the NASDAQ National Market. The closing price of the Company’s common stock on February 15, 2007, was $35.52 per share, as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market. The Company does not represent that the outstanding shares may be either bought or sold at a certain price.

 

The following table sets forth the high and low closing prices as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market (and on the NASDAQ National Market prior to July 3, 2006) for the periods presented:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

     2006

   2005

     High

   Low

   High

   Low

First quarter

   $ 38.24    $ 34.36    $ 37.99    $ 31.24

Second quarter

     39.77      34.59      35.25      30.24

Third quarter

     37.86      35.60      36.27      32.83

Fourth quarter

     36.54      33.58      39.82      33.20

 

Holders

 

As of February 15, 2007, there were approximately 1,714 holders of record of the Bancorp’s Common Stock.

 

Dividends

 

The cash dividends per share declared by quarter were as follows:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,


     2006

   2005

First quarter

   $ 0.09    $ 0.09

Second quarter

   $ 0.09    $ 0.09

Third quarter

   $ 0.09    $ 0.09

Fourth quarter

   $ 0.09    $ 0.09
    

  

Total

   $ 0.36    $ 0.36
    

  

 

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Performance Graph

 

The graph and accompanying information furnished below compares the percentage change in the cumulative total stockholder return on the Company’s common stock from December 31, 2001, through December 31, 2006, with the percentage change in the cumulative total return on the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (the “S&P 500 Index”) and the SNL Western Bank Index for the same period. The SNL Western Bank Index is a market-weighted index including every publicly traded bank and bank holding company located in Alaska, California, Hawaii, Montana, Oregon, and Washington. The Company will furnish, without charge, on the written request of any person who is a stockholder of record as of April 2, 2007, a list of the companies included in the SNL Western Bank Index. Requests for this information should be addressed to Michael M.Y. Chang, Secretary, Cathay General Bancorp, 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012. This graph assumes the investment of $100 in the Company’s common stock on December 31, 2001, and an investment of $100 in each of the S&P 500 Index and the SNL Western Bank Index on that date.

 

NOTE: The comparisons in the graph below are based upon historical data and are not indicative of, nor intended to forecast, the future performance or returns of the Company’s common stock. Such information furnished herewith shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission except to the extent that the Company specifically requests that such information be treated as soliciting material or specifically incorporates it by reference into a filing under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act.

 

LOGO

 

    
   Period Ending

  

Index


   12/31/01

   12/31/02

   12/31/03

   12/31/04

   12/31/05

   12/31/06

Cathay General Bancorp

   100.00    120.47    179.94    243.17    235.55    228.42

SNL Western Bank Index *

   100.00    109.41    148.21    168.43    175.36    197.86

S & P 500 **

   100.00    77.90    100.24    111.15    116.61    135.03

 


  *   Source: SNL Financial LC, Charlottesville, VA © 2007
**   Source: Research Data Group, Inc.

 

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Table of Contents

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

 

There were no sales of any equity securities by the Company during the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K that were not registered under the Securities Act.

 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

In April 2001, the Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program for the Company to buy back up to $15 million of our common stock. On May 2, 2005, the Company completed the April 2001 repurchase program and repurchased a total of 830,065 shares of our common stock for $15 million, or an average price of $18.07 per share, between April 2001 and May 2005.

 

On March 18, 2005, the Board of Directors approved a new stock repurchase program to buy back up to an aggregate of one million shares of the Company’s common stock following the completion of April 2001 stock repurchase program. During 2005, the Company repurchased 548,297 shares under the March 2005 stock repurchase program for a total cost of $18.3 million, or an average price of $33.40 per share. No shares were repurchased in 2006. As of December 31, 2006, 451,703 shares remain under the Company’s March 18, 2005 stock repurchase program.

 

In 2005, the Company repurchased 738,542 shares for $24.5 million, or $33.18 cost per share under both the April 2001 repurchase program and the March 2005 repurchase program. No shares were repurchased in 2006. In 2007, through February 27, 2007, the Company repurchased 275,826 shares under the March 2005 repurchase program for a total cost of $9.6 million, or an average price of $34.96 per share. As of February 27, 2007, 175,877 shares remain under the Company’s March 18, 2005 stock repurchase program.

 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Period


  

(a)
Total Number
of Shares

(or Units)
Purchased


  

(b)
Average Price
Paid per
Share

(or Unit)


  

(c)
Total Number
of Shares

(or Units)
Purchased as
Part of
Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs


  

(d)
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value)

of Shares

(or Units)

that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs


(October 1, 2006 — October 31, 2006)

   None              451,703

(November 1, 2006 — November 30, 2006)

   None              451,703

(December 1, 2006 — December 31, 2006)

   None              451,703

Total

   None              451,703

 

In connection with the Company’s acquisitions in 2006, the Company issued 1,181,164 shares of Cathay General Bancorp common stock, par value $.01 per share in exchange for 765,214 shares of Great Eastern Bank common stock that had been tendered by its shareholders for the Company’s common stock. Those shares were subsequently registered by a registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

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Table of Contents

Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

 

The following table presents selected historical consolidated financial data for the Bancorp, and is derived in part from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company. The selected historical consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements of Cathay General Bancorp and the Notes thereto, which are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2006

    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

 
     (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)  

Income Statement (1)

                                        

Interest income

   $ 491,518     $ 350,661     $ 274,979     $ 167,267     $ 144,061  

Interest expense

     212,235       110,279       60,162       40,148       39,920  
    


 


 


 


 


Net interest income before provision/(reversal) for loan losses

     279,283       240,382       214,817       127,119       104,141  

Provision/(reversal) for loan losses

     2,000       (500 )     —         7,150       6,000  
    


 


 


 


 


Net interest income after provision/(reversal) for loan losses

     277,283       240,882       214,817       119,969       98,141  
    


 


 


 


 


Securities gains (losses)

     201       1,473       (3,979 )     9,890       1,926  

Other non-interest income

     21,263       21,013       20,244       13,103       14,245  

Non-interest expense

     113,918       96,887       90,660       55,140       43,317  
    


 


 


 


 


Income before income tax expense

     184,829       166,481       140,422       87,822       70,995  

Income tax expense

     67,259       62,390       53,609       32,250       22,295  
    


 


 


 


 


Net income

   $ 117,570     $ 104,091     $ 86,813     $ 55,572     $ 48,700  
    


 


 


 


 


Net Income per common share

                                        

Basic

   $ 2.29     $ 2.07     $ 1.74     $ 1.44     $ 1.35  

Diluted

   $ 2.27     $ 2.05     $ 1.72     $ 1.42     $ 1.34  

Cash dividends paid per common share

   $ 0.360     $ 0.360     $ 0.300     $ 0.280     $ 0.273  

Weighted-average common shares

                                        

Basic

     51,234,596       50,373,076       49,869,271       38,713,728       35,982,666  

Diluted

     51,804,495       50,821,093       50,480,154       39,035,616       36,230,238  

Statement of Condition

                                        

Securities available-for-sale

   $ 1,522,223     $ 1,217,438     $ 1,791,904     $ 1,681,251     $ 248,273  

Securities held-to-maturity

     —         —         —         —         459,452  

Net loans (2)

     5,670,873       4,574,831       3,757,464       3,229,751       1,848,078  

Total assets

     8,026,508       6,397,503       6,098,005       5,541,915       2,753,998  

Deposits

     5,675,306       4,916,350       4,595,137       4,428,081       2,314,643  

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     450,000       319,000       91,000       82,500       28,500  

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank

     714,680       215,000       545,000       258,313       50,000  

Borrowings from other financial institutions

     10,000       20,000       —         20,000       —    

Long-term debt

     104,125       53,976       53,916       53,856       —    

Stockholders’ equity

     943,074       773,617       715,993       619,296       287,961  

Common Stock Data

                                        

Shares of common stock outstanding

     51,930,955       50,191,089       50,677,896       49,608,182       35,999,910  

Book value per common share

   $ 18.16     $ 15.41     $ 14.13     $ 12.48     $ 8.00  

Profitability Ratios

                                        

Return on average assets

     1.60 %     1.69 %     1.51 %     1.58 %     1.88 %

Return on average stockholders’ equity

     13.61       14.05       13.27       15.13       18.30  

Dividend payout ratio

     15.67       17.44       17.19       18.15       20.13  

Average equity to average assets ratio

     11.76       12.05       11.38       10.42       10.27  

Efficiency ratio

     37.88       36.86       39.23       36.73       36.00  

 

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Table of Contents

(1) Includes the operating results and the acquired assets and assumed deposits and liabilities of (i) GBC Bancorp and its subsidiaries after October 20, 2003, (ii) Great Eastern Bank after April 6, 2006, and (iii) New Asia Bancorp and its subsidiaries after October 17, 2006.
(2) Net loans represent gross loans net of loan participations sold, allowance for loan losses and unamortized deferred loan fees.

 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

General

 

The following discussion is intended to provide information to facilitate the understanding and assessment of the consolidated financial condition of the Bancorp and its subsidiaries, including the Bank, the Company, and their consolidated results of operations. It should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes appearing elsewhere in this report.

 

The Bank offers a wide range of financial services. The Bank currently operates 20 branches in Southern California, 10 branches in Northern California, nine branches in New York State, one branch in Massachusetts, one branch in Houston, Texas, two branches in Washington State, three branches in Illinois, one loan production office in Dallas, Texas, and three representative offices (one in Hong Kong, one in Shanghai, China, and one in Taipei, Taiwan). The Company has filed an application to convert its Hong Kong representative office into a full service branch. The Bank is a commercial bank, servicing primarily the individuals, professionals, and small to medium-sized businesses in the local markets in which its branches are located.

 

Actual results in any future period may vary from the past results discussed in this report. Given these risks and uncertainties, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak as of the date hereof. We have no intention and undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce the results of any revision of any forward-looking statement to reflect future developments or events.

 

The financial information presented herein includes the accounts of the Company, its subsidiaries, including the Bank, and the Bank’s consolidated subsidiaries. All material transactions between these entities are eliminated.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our consolidated financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

Certain accounting policies involve significant judgments and assumptions by management which have a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities; management considers such accounting policies to be critical accounting policies. The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

 

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Table of Contents

Management believes the following are critical accounting policies that require the most significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements:

 

Accounting for the allowance for loan losses

 

The determination of the amount of the provision for loan losses charged to operations reflects management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration changes in lending policies and procedures, changes in economic and business conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans, changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management, changes in the volume and severity of past due, nonaccrual and adversely classified or graded loans, changes in the quality of the loan review system, changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and the effect of competition, legal and regulatory requirements, and other external factors. The nature of the process by which the Bank determines the appropriate allowance for loan losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Bank’s control, including the performance of the Bank’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. A weakening of the economy or other factors that adversely affect asset quality could result in an increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies, or defaults, and a higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for loan losses in future periods.

 

The total allowance for loan losses consists of two components: specific allowances and general allowances. To determine the adequacy of the allowance in each of these two components, the Bank employs two primary methodologies, the classification migration methodology and the individual loan review analysis methodology. These methodologies support the basis for determining allocations between the various loan categories and the overall adequacy of the Bank’s allowance to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. These methodologies are further supported by additional analysis of relevant factors such as the historical losses in the portfolio, trends in the non-performing/non-accrual loans, loan delinquencies, the volume of the portfolio, peer group comparisons, and federal regulatory policy for loan and lease losses. Other significant factors of portfolio analysis include changes in lending policies/underwriting standards, portfolio composition, and concentrations of credit, and trends in the national and local economy.

 

With these above methodologies, the specific allowance is for those loans internally classified and risk graded as Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, or Loss. Additionally, the Bank’s management allocates a specific allowance for “Impaired Credits,” in accordance with SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan.” The level of the general allowance is established to provide coverage for management’s estimate of the credit risk in the loan portfolio by various loan segments not covered by the specific allowance.

 

Allowances for other risks of probable loan losses have been included in the allowance for loan losses. At December 31, 2006, the Bank has set aside funds to cover the risk factors of higher energy prices on the ability of its borrowers to service their loans.

 

Accounting for acquisitions

 

Accounting for acquisitions of other financial institutions involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which has a material impact on the carrying value of fixed rate loans and borrowings and the determination of the core deposit intangible asset and goodwill. Except for the resolution of any pre-acquisition income tax uncertainties, no additional fair value adjustments can be made after the end of the allocation period of one year.

 

Investment Securities

 

The classification and accounting for investment securities are discussed in detail in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere herein. Under SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain

 

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Table of Contents

Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, investment securities generally must be classified as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale, or trading. The appropriate classification is based partially on our ability to hold the securities to maturity and largely on management’s intentions with respect to either holding or selling the securities. The classification of investment securities is significant since it directly impacts the accounting for unrealized gains and losses on securities. Unrealized gains and losses on trading securities flow directly through earnings during the periods in which they arise, whereas available-for-sale securities are recorded as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (accumulated other comprehensive income or loss) and do not affect earnings until realized. The fair values of our investment securities are generally determined by reference to quoted market prices and reliable independent sources. We are obligated to assess, at each reporting date, whether there is an "other-than-temporary" impairment to our investment securities. Such impairment must be recognized in current earnings rather than in other comprehensive income (loss). Investment securities are discussed in more detail in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere herein.

 

Income Taxes

 

The provision for income taxes is based on income reported for financial statement purposes, and differs from the amount of taxes currently payable, since certain income and expense items are reported for financial statement purposes in different periods than those for tax reporting purposes. Taxes are discussed in more detail in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere herein. Accrued taxes represent the net estimated amount due or to be received from taxing authorities. In estimating accrued taxes, we assess the relative merits and risks of the appropriate tax treatment of transactions taking into account statutory, judicial, and regulatory guidance in the context of our tax position.

 

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, the objective of which is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

 

On December 31, 2003, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) announced its intent to list certain transactions that in its view constitute potentially abusive tax shelters. Included in the transactions subject to this listing were transactions utilizing regulated investment companies (RICs) and real estate investment trusts (REITs). As part of the notification indicating the listed transactions, the FTB also indicated its position that it intends to disallow tax benefits associated with these transactions. While the Company continues to believe that the tax benefits recorded in three prior years with respect to its regulated investment company were appropriate and fully defensible under California law, the Company has deemed it prudent to participate in Voluntary Compliance Initiative – Option 2, requiring payment of all California taxes and interest on these disputed 2000 through 2002 tax benefits, and permitting the Company to claim a refund for these years while avoiding certain potential penalties. The Company retains potential exposure for assertion of an accuracy-related penalty should the FTB prevail in its position in addition to the risk of not being successful in its refund claims. As of December 31, 2006, the Company reflected a $12.1 million net state tax receivable for the years 2000, 2001, and 2002 after giving effect to reserves for loss contingencies on the refund claims, or an equivalent of $7.9 million after giving effect to Federal tax benefits. The FTB is currently in the process of reviewing and assessing our refund claims for taxes and interest for tax years 2000 through 2002. The Company does not expect that its refund claim related to its regulated investment company will more likely than not be realized and consequently, expects to include the $7.9 million after tax amount related to its refund claim in its cumulative effect adjustment for Interpretation No. 48 as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the January 1, 2007 effective date of Interpretation No. 48.

 

34


Table of Contents

Results of Operations

 

Overview

 

For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company reported net income of $117.6 million, or $2.27 per diluted share, compared to net income of $104.1 million, or $2.05 per diluted share in 2005 and net income of $86.8 million, or $1.72 per diluted share in 2004. Strong organic loan growth and acquisitions were the main factors that contributed to these results. The return on average assets in 2006 was 1.60%, compared to 1.69% in 2005, and 1.51% in 2004. The return on average equity was 13.61% in 2006, compared to 14.05% in 2005 and 13.27% in 2004.

 

Highlights

 

   

Net income for 2006 was $117.6 million, or $2.27 per diluted common share, compared with $104.1 million, or $2.05 per diluted common share in 2005, an increase of 12.9%.

 

   

Net interest income increased by 16.2% from 2005 to 2006 as a result of the strong loan growth and increases in market interest rates.

 

   

Total assets increased by $1.6 billion, or 25.5%, to $8.0 billion at December 31, 2006 from year-end 2005 of $6.4 billion.

 

   

Total gross loans increased by $1.1 billion, or 23.7% to $5.7 billion at December 31, 2006, from $4.6 billion at December 31, 2005.

 

   

Deposit balances at December 31, 2006, grew to $5.7 billion, an increase of $759.0 million, or 15.4%, compared to the deposit balance of $4.9 billion at December 31, 2005.

 

   

Net charge-offs were $715,000 for 2006 compared to net charge-offs of $2.1 million in 2005.

 

Net income and key financial performance ratios are presented below for the three years indicated:

 

       2006

     2005

     2004

 
       (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)  

Net income

     $ 117,570      $ 104,091      $ 86,813  

Basic earnings per common share

     $ 2.29      $ 2.07      $ 1.74  

Diluted earnings per common share

     $ 2.27      $ 2.05      $ 1.72  

Return on average assets

       1.60 %      1.69 %      1.51 %

Return on stockholders’ equity

       13.61 %      14.05 %      13.27 %

Total average assets

     $ 7,345,020      $ 6,146,777      $ 5,753,208  

Total average stockholders’ equity

     $ 863,641      $ 740,921      $ 654,450  

Efficiency ratio

       37.88 %      36.86 %      39.23 %

Effective income tax rate

       36.39 %      37.48 %      38.18 %

 

Net Interest Income

 

Net interest income totaled $279.3 million in 2006 compared with $240.4 million in 2005. Interest income in 2006 on tax-exempt securities was $3.8 million, or $5.7 million on a tax-equivalent basis using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%, compared to $4.4 million, or $6.7 million on a tax-equivalent basis in 2005.

 

Taxable-equivalent net interest income totaled $281.2 million in 2006, compared with $242.6 million in 2005. The increase in net interest income was due to a $1.06 billion, or 18.6%, increase in average earning assets resulting primarily from increases in market rates, strong organic loan growth, and the earning assets from two acquisitions, partially offset by the decrease in the net interest margin between 2005 and 2006 as a result of the greater increases in interest rates for time deposits and wholesale borrowings.

 

Average loans for 2006 were $5.31 billion, which is $1.15 billion, or 27.5%, higher than 2005 due primarily to the growth in commercial real estate loans. Compared with 2005, average commercial loans increased

 

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$90.0 million, or 8.8%, to $1.11 billion, average residential mortgages and equity lines increased $110.3 million, or 29.4%, to $485.3 million, average commercial real estate mortgages increased $768.2 million, or 33.6%, to $3.06 billion and average construction loans increased $173.3 million, or 38.0%, to $629.0 million. Average securities were $1.39 billion, a decrease of $91.4 million, or 6.2%, due primarily to principal pay downs and maturities of securities during 2006.

 

Average deposits were $5.32 billion in 2006, an increase of $508.9 million, or 10.6%, from $4.81 billion in 2005 due to increases of $415.6 million in time deposits, $59.6 million in money market accounts and $58.8 million in non-interest bearing deposits. Average other borrowings increased $174.7 million to $578.2 million from $403.5 million. Securities sold under agreement to repurchase increased from $18.4 million in 2005 to $374.4 million in 2006 as another source to fund the Company’s loan growth in 2006.

 

Taxable-equivalent interest income increased $140.5 million, or 39.8%, to $493.4 million in 2006, primarily due to continued growth in loans. The overall increase in taxable-equivalent interest income was due to increases in volume and rate which were partially offset by a change in the mix of interest-earning assets as discussed below:

 

   

Increase in volume: Average interest-earning assets increased $1.06 billion, or 18.6%, to $6.75 billion in 2006, over interest-earning assets of $5.69 billion in 2005. The increase in volume added $81.7 million to interest income and was primarily attributable to the growth in loans.

 

   

Increase in rate: The taxable-equivalent yield on interest-earning assets increased 111 basis points from 6.20% in 2005 to 7.31% in 2006. As a result of the higher interest rate environment during 2006, the yield earned on average loans increased 106 basis points from 6.84% to 7.90% in the same period. The yield earned on average taxable securities increased 74 basis points from 4.33% in 2005 to 5.07% in 2006. The increase in rates increased interest income by $58.8 million.

 

   

Change in the mix of interest-earnings assets: Average gross loans, which generally have a higher yield than other types of investments, comprised 78.7% of total average interest-earning assets in 2006 and increased from 73.2% in 2005. Average securities comprised 20.6% of total average interest-bearing assets in 2006 and decreased from 26.0% in 2005.

 

Interest expense increased by $101.9 million to $212.2 million in 2006 compared with $110.3 million in 2005. The overall increase in interest expense was due to increases in rate and volumes as discussed below:

 

   

Increase in volume: Average interest-bearing liabilities increased $993.1 million in 2006, due primarily to the growth of time deposits of $415.6 million, securities sold under agreement to repurchase of $355.9 million and FHLB advances and other borrowings of $174.6 million.

 

   

Increase in rate: As a result of the higher interest rate environment during 2006, the average cost of interest bearing liabilities increased 140 basis points from 2.38% in 2005 to 3.78% in 2006.

 

   

Change in the mix of interest-bearing liabilities. Average FHLB advances and other borrowing of $578.2 million increased to 10.3% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2006 compared to 8.7% in 2005. In addition, average securities under agreement to repurchase of $374.4 million increased to 6.7% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2006 compared to 0.4% in 2005. Offsetting these increases, average interest bearing deposits of $4.6 billion decreased to 81.1% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2006 compared to 88.8% in 2005, due in part to decreases in average interest-bearing demand and savings deposits.

 

The Company’s taxable-equivalent net interest margin, defined as taxable-equivalent net interest income to average interest-earning assets, decreased 9 basis points to 4.17% in 2006 from 4.26% in 2005 primarily as a result of the repricing of time deposits to market interest rates and increased reliance on more expensive wholesale borrowings.

 

 

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Net interest income totaled $240.4 million in 2005 compared with $214.8 million in 2004. Interest income in 2005 on tax-exempt securities was $4.4 million, or $6.7 million on a tax-equivalent basis using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%, compared to $4.2 million, or $6.4 million on a tax-equivalent basis in 2004.

 

Taxable-equivalent net interest income totaled $242.6 million in 2005, compared with $217.0 million in 2004. The increase in net interest income was due to a 7.2% increase in average earning assets resulting primarily from strong organic loan growth, partially offset by a decrease of securities available-for-sale, as well as an improvement in the net interest margin between 2004 and 2005.

 

Average loans for 2005 were $4.17 billion, which was $642.7 million, or 18.3%, higher than 2004 due primarily to the growth in commercial real estate loans. Compared with December 31, 2004, balances, commercial loans increased $155.0 million, or 16.2%, to $1.11 billion, residential mortgages and equity lines increased $99.6 million, or 30.0%, to $431.3 million, commercial real estate mortgages increased $471.4 million, or 22.2%, to $2.60 billion and construction loans increased $87.4 million, or 21.2%, to $500.0 million. Average securities were $1.48 billion, a decrease of $264.6 million, or 15.2%, due primarily to the sale of $243.2 million of securities and $302.0 million pay-downs from mortgage-backed securities and calls of municipal bonds and other securities during 2005.

 

Average deposits were $4.81 billion in 2005, an increase of $315.6 million, or 7.0%, from $4.49 billion in 2004 due to business development efforts and promotions. Average FHLB advances and other borrowings decreased $2.9 million to $403.5 million from $406.4 million. Average federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase increased from $53.8 million in 2004 to $62.4 million in 2005.

 

Taxable-equivalent interest income increased $75.7 million, or 27.3%, to $352.9 million in 2005, primarily due to continued growth in loans. The overall increase in taxable-equivalent interest income was due to increases in volume and rate which were partially offset by a change in the mix of interest-earning assets as discussed below:

 

   

Increase in volume: Average interest-earning assets increased $383.0 million, or 7.21%, to $5.69 billion in 2005, over interest-earning assets of $5.31 billion in 2004. The increase in volume added $28.8 million to interest income and was primarily attributable to the growth in loans.

 

   

Increase in rate: The taxable-equivalent yield on interest-earning assets increased 98 basis points from 5.22% in 2004 to 6.20% in 2005. As a result of the higher interest rate environment during 2005, the yield earned on average loans increased 116 basis points from 5.68% to 6.84% in the same period. The yield earned on average taxable securities increased from 4.24% in 2004 to 4.33% in 2005. The increase in rates increased interest income by $46.9 million.

 

   

Change in the mix of interest-earnings assets: Average gross loans, which generally has a higher yield than other types of investments, comprised 73.2% of total average interest-bearing assets compared with 66.4% in 2004. Average securities comprised 26.0% of total average interest-bearing assets which decreased from 32.9% in 2004.

 

Interest expense increased by $50.1 million to $110.3 million in 2005 compared with $60.2 million in 2004. The overall increase in interest expense was due to an increase in rate and an increase in volume time deposits as discussed below:

 

   

Increase in volume: Average interest-bearing liabilities increased $282.6 million in 2005, due primarily to the growth of time deposits.

 

   

Increase in rate: As a result of the higher interest rate environment during 2005, the average cost of interest bearing liabilities increased 99 basis points from 1.39% in 2004 to 2.38% in 2005.

 

   

Change in the mix of interest-bearing liabilities. Average time deposits of $2.93 billion comprised 63.3% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2005 compared to 58.1% in 2004. Total average savings accounts, NOW accounts, and money market accounts decreased to 25.4% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2005 compared to 30.1% in 2004.

 

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The Company’s taxable-equivalent net interest margin, defined as taxable-equivalent net interest income to average interest-earning assets, increased 17 basis points to 4.26% in 2005 from 4.09% in 2004 primarily as a result of the increases in the prevailing prime rate, the Company’s overall asset sensitive interest rate position in a period of increasing interest rates, and the decrease in securities as a proportion of earning assets.

 

The following table sets forth information concerning average interest-earning assets, average interest-bearing liabilities, and the yields and rates paid on those assets and liabilities. Average outstanding amounts included in the table are daily averages.

 

Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities

 

    2006
Average
Balance


    Interest
Income/
Expense (4)


  Average
Yield/
Rate
(1)(2)


    2005
Average
Balance


    Interest
Income/
Expense (4)


  Average
Yield/
Rate
(1)(2)


    2004
Average
Balance


    Interest
Income/
Expense (4)


  Average
Yield/
Rate
(1)(2)


 
    (Dollars in thousands)  

Interest-Earning Assets:

                                                           

Commercial loans

  $ 1,109,144     $ 90,182   8.13 %   $ 1,019,101     $ 66,517   6.53 %   $ 939,777     $ 47,794   5.09 %

Residential mortgage

    485,287       29,130   6.00       374,988       21,155   5.64       294,927       15,925   5.40  

Commercial mortgage

    3,057,523       238,227   7.79       2,289,288       159,244   6.96       1,940,717       113,567   5.85  

Real estate construction loans

    628,989       60,890   9.68       455,704       37,512   8.23       329,564       22,383   6.79  

Other loans and leases

    29,621       1,025   3.46       26,220       680   2.59       17,590       440   2.50  
   


 

 

 


 

 

 


 

 

Loans and leases (1)

    5,310,564       419,454   7.90       4,165,301       285,108   6.84       3,522,575       200,109   5.68  

Taxable securities

    1,304,325       66,071   5.07       1,376,068       59,584   4.33       1,637,791       69,372   4.24  

Tax-exempt securities (3)

    83,349       5,706   6.85       103,026       6,653   6.46       105,893       6,441   6.08  

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

    32,475       1,594   4.91       29,237       965   3.30       24,071       1,016   4.22  

Federal funds sold & securities purchased under agreement to resell

    4,340       195   4.49       8,005       237   2.96       12,424       104   0.84  

Interest-bearing deposits

    15,091       380   2.52       9,517       368   3.87       5,419       151   2.79  
   


 

 

 


 

 

 


 

 

Total interest-earnings assets

  $ 6,750,144     $ 493,400   7.31     $ 5,691,154     $ 352,915   6.20     $ 5,308,173     $ 277,193   5.22  

Non-interest earning assets

                                                           

Cash and due from banks

    99,986                   89,211                   95,403              

Other non-earning assets

    571,887                   440,071                   427,618              
   


             


             


           

Total non-interest earning assets

    671,873                   529,282                   523,021              

Less: Allowance for loan losses

    (63,955 )                 (62,098 )                 (66,883 )            

Deferred loan fees

    (13,042 )                 (11,561 )                 (11,103 )            
   


             


             


           

Total Assets

  $ 7,345,020                 $ 6,146,777                 $ 5,753,208              
   


             


             


           

Interest-Bearing Liabilities:

                                                           

Interest-bearing demand

    237,113       2,796   1.18       245,904       1,492   0.61       267,188       709   0.27  

Money market

    599,210       16,145   2.69       539,642       7,537   1.40       616,970       4,878   0.79  

Savings

    374,570       3,416   0.91       390,787       1,992   0.51       421,959       1,325   0.31  

Time deposits

    3,344,931       137,734   4.12       2,929,365       81,587   2.79       2,522,845       42,923   1.70  
   


 

 

 


 

 

 


 

 

Total interest-bearing deposit

    4,555,824       160,091   3.51       4,105,698       92,608   2.26       3,828,962       49,835   1.30  

Federal funds purchased

    43,407       2,195   5.06       43,981       1,481   3.37       18,391       313   1.70  

Securities sold under agreement to repurchase

    374,356       15,683   4.19       18,449       626   3.39       35,384       851   2.41  

FHLB advances and other borrowings

    578,181       28,903   5.00       403,534       12,031   2.98       406,432       6,697   1.65  

Long-term debt

    66,907       5,363   8.02       53,944       3,533   6.55       53,885       2,466   4.58  
   


 

 

 


 

 

 


 

 

Total interest-bearing liabilities

    5,618,675       212,235   3.78       4,625,606       110,279   2.38       4,343,054       60,162   1.39  

Non-interest bearing liabilities:

                                                           

Demand deposits

    761,991                   703,185                   664,329              

Other liabilities

    100,713                   77,065                   91,375              

Stockholders’ equity

    863,641                   740,921                   654,450              
   


             


             


           

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $ 7,345,020                 $ 6,146,777                 $ 5,753,208              
   


             


             


           

Net interest spread (4)

                3.53 %                 3.82 %                 3.83 %

Net interest income (4)

          $ 281,165                 $ 242,636                 $ 217,031      
           

               

               

     

Net interest margin (4)

                4.17 %                 4.26 %                 4.09 %

(1) Yields and amounts of interest earned include loan fees. Non-accrual loans are included in the average balance.
(2) Calculated by dividing net interest income by average outstanding interest-earning assets.
(3) The average yield has been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis for certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%.
(4) Net interest income, net interest spread, and net interest margin on interest-earning assets have been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%.

 

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Table of Contents

Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income — Changes Due to Rate and Volume(1)

 

    

2006 - 2005

Increase/(Decrease) in

Net Interest Income Due to:


   

2005 - 2004

Increase/(Decrease) in

Net Interest Income Due to:


 
     Change in
Volume


    Change
in Rate


    Total
Change


    Change in
Volume


    Change
in Rate


    Total
Change


 
     (In thousands)  

Interest-Earning Assets

                                                

Deposits with other banks

   $ 168     $ (156 )   $ 12     $ 143     $ 74     $ 217  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell

     (135 )     93       (42 )     (49 )     182       133  

Taxable securities

     (3,230 )     9,717       6,487       (11,302 )     1,514       (9,788 )

Taxable-exempt securities (2)

     (1,329 )     382       (947 )     (178 )     390       212  

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

     117       512       629       194       (245 )     (51 )

Loans

     86,127       48,219       134,346       40,036       44,963       84,999  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Total increase in interest income

     81,718       58,767       140,485       28,844       46,878       75,722  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Interest-Earning Liabilities

                                                

Interest-bearing demand accounts

     (55 )     1,359       1,304       (61 )     844       783  

Money market accounts

     914       7,694       8,608       (677 )     3,336       2,659  

Savings accounts

     (86 )     1,510       1,424       (104 )     771       667  

Time deposits

     12,841       43,306       56,147       7,806       30,858       38,664  

Federal funds purchased

     (20 )     734       714       686       482       1,168  

Securities sold under agreement to repurchase

     14,876       181       15,057       (497 )     272       (225 )

FHLB advances and other borrowings

     6,581       10,291       16,872       (48 )     5,382       5,334  

Long-term debt

     947       883       1,830       3       1,064       1,067  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Total increase in interest expense

     35,998       65,958       101,956       7,108       43,009       50,117  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Change in net interest income

   $ 45,720     $ (7,191 )   $ 38,529     $ 21,736     $ 3,869     $ 25,605  
    


 


 


 


 


 



(1) Changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to changes due to volume and changes due to rate.
(2) The amount of interest earned on certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held have been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis, using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%.

 

Provision for Loan Losses

 

The provision for loan losses represents the charge against current earnings that is determined by management, through a credit review process, as the amount needed to maintain an allowance for loan losses that management believes to be sufficient to absorb loan losses inherent in the Bank’s loan portfolio. The provision for loan losses was $2.0 million in 2006 compared with negative $500,000 in 2005 and zero in 2004. As a result of the strong growth in loans during 2006, the Bank recorded a $2.0 million provision for loan losses during 2006. Net charge-offs for 2006 were $715,000, or 0.01% of average loans, compared to net charge-offs of $2.1 million, or 0.05% of average loans, during 2005 and compared to net charge-offs of $2.9 million or 0.08% of average loans during 2004.

 

 

Non-interest Income

 

Non-interest income was $21.5 million for 2006, $22.5 million for 2005, and $16.3 million for 2004. Non-interest income includes depository service fees, letters of credit commissions, securities sales, loan sales, and other sources of fee income. These other fee-based services include, among other things, wire transfer fees, safe

 

39


Table of Contents

deposit fees, fees on loan-related activities, fee income from the Company’s Wealth Management division, and foreign exchange fees.

 

The decrease of $1.0 million, or 4.5%, from 2005 to 2006 in non-interest income was primarily due to the following items:

 

   

Net securities gains of $1.5 million in 2005 compared to net securities gains of $0.2 million in 2006;

 

   

Gains on sale of premises and equipment of $958,000 in 2005 due to the sale of the land and building for a closed branch compared to none during 2006;

 

   

Depository service fees decreased $828,000 primarily due to the reclassification of certain wire transfer fees from depository service fees to other operating income in 2006; and

 

   

The above decreases were partially offset by increases (due mainly to the acquisition of Great Eastern Bank) of $1.2 million, or 29.1%, in letter of credit commissions, of $531,000, or 13.9% in wire transfer commissions, of $357,000, or 25.2%, in safe deposit box commission and an increase of $258,000, or 44.1%, in cashier check rebate commissions.

 

The increase of $6.2 million, or 38.3%, from 2004 to 2005 in non-interest income was primarily due to the following items:

 

   

Net securities gains of $1.5 million in 2005 compared to net securities losses of $4.0 million in 2004. In 2004, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $5.5 million, or $3.2 million net of tax, for “other-than-temporary impairment” on perpetual floating-rate preferred securities issued by government sponsored enterprises compared to “other-than-temporary” impairment charges of $142,000 during 2005;

 

   

Gains on sale of premises and equipment increased $934,000 in 2005 due to the sale of the land and building for a closed branch;

 

   

An increase in other operating income of $1.2 million, or 13.3%, to $10.2 million in 2005 from $9.0 million in 2004 due primarily to increases in the valuation of the Company’s portfolio of warrants of $706,000, investment services commission income of $509,000, and higher cashier check commissions of $354,000; and

 

   

The above increases were offset by a decrease of $550,000, or 11.6%, in letter of credit commissions in 2005 due primarily to lower letter of credit volumes and the amortization during 2005 of all standby letter of credit fees received, whereas, prior to 2005 only fees above $10,000 were amortized; and by a decrease of $819,000, or 12.7%, in depository service fees in 2005 due to decreases in wire transfer charges and the increases in short term interest rates which resulted in lower account analysis fees collected from depositors.

 

In 2000 and 2001, the Bank purchased three issues of preferred stock issued by Freddie Mac with a total par value of $20.0 million and one issue of preferred stock issued by Fannie Mae with a total par value of $5.0 million. These securities have a perpetual life and after an initial fixed rate period, the dividend on each issue of preferred stock is repriced based on a spread over a specific index such as LIBOR or the two-year Treasury Note. Based on an evaluation of the length of time and extent to which the market value of these preferred stock securities have been less than market and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuers, the Bank recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges of $5.5 million in 2004, $115,000 in 2005 and $35,000 in 2006 to write down the value of these securities to market.

 

 

Non-interest Expense

 

Non-interest expense includes expenses related to salaries and benefits of employees, occupancy expenses, marketing expenses, computer and equipment expenses, amortization of core deposit intangibles, and other operating expenses. Non-interest expense totaled $113.9 million in 2006, compared with $96.9 million in 2005 and $90.7 million in 2004. The increase of $17.0 million, or 17.6%, in non-interest expense in 2006 compared to

 

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Table of Contents

2005 was primarily due to the mergers with Great Eastern Bank and New Asia Bancorp, and a combination of the following:

 

   

an increase of $9.9 million, or 18.9%, in salaries and employee benefits primarily due to mergers;

 

   

an increase of $1.3 million in occupancy expense due primarily to increases in depreciation expenses, property taxes and utility expenses primarily due to mergers;

 

   

an increase of $873,000 in computer and equipment expense primarily due to depreciation expenses and system conversion charges related to the conversion of the customers of Great Eastern Bank and New Asia Bancorp to the Company’s computer system;

 

   

an increase of $971,000 in marketing expenses mainly due to increases in donation, sponsorship and promotion expenses;

 

   

an increase of $642,000 in OREO expenses due to higher levels of OREO in 2006;

 

   

an increase of $1.3 million in expenses for the operation of affordable housing projects due to additional investments that were made in affordable housing projects;

 

   

an increase of $575,000 in amortization of core deposit intangibles due to mergers; and

 

   

an increase of $1.8 million of other operating expenses, or 24.8%, primarily due to increases in printing, supplies and postage expenses.

 

The efficiency ratio, defined as non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest income before provision for loan losses plus non-interest income, increased to 37.88% in 2006 compared with 36.86% in 2005 due primarily to the higher percentage increase in non-interest expenses compared to the percentage increase in total revenues from 2005 to 2006.

 

Non-interest expense totaled $96.9 million in 2005, compared with $90.7 million in 2004. The increase of $6.2 million, or 6.9%, in non-interest expense in 2005 compared to 2004 was primarily a combination of the following:

 

   

an increase of $3.4 million, or 7.0%, in salaries and employee benefits, due primarily to an increase of $3.8 million from stock option expense and $2.5 million from annual salary adjustments for the Company’s employees and the hiring of additional employees which were partially offset by higher deferred loan origination costs of $2.8 million;

 

   

an increase of $748,000 in occupancy expense due primarily to the addition of new branches, an adjustment in 2005 for prior period lease expenses of $230,000, and writeoff of leasehold improvements for two branches closed during 2005;

 

   

an increase of $1.0 million in professional expense, due to external auditing expenses and professional expense related to testing of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and higher consulting fees related to improvements in the Bank’s Bank Secrecy Act procedures;

 

   

an increase of $1.1 million in expenses for the operation of affordable housing projects due to additional investments that were made in affordable housing projects; and

 

   

an increase of $621,000 in amortization of core deposit intangibles of which $338,000 was an adjustment recorded in 2005 to accelerate the amortization in prior periods.

 

The efficiency ratio, defined as non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest income before provision for loan losses plus non-interest income, improved to 36.86% in 2005 compared with 39.23% in 2004 due primarily to the stronger growth in revenues as compared to expenses from 2004 to 2005 as well as the securities losses recorded in 2004.

 

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Income Tax Expense

 

The effective tax rate was 36.4% for 2006 and 37.5% for 2005. The decrease in effective tax rate was primarily due to a lower composite state income tax rate.

 

The effective tax rate was 37.5% for 2005 and 38.2% for 2004. The effective tax rate for 2005 decreased from 2004 because state income taxes were lower in 2005 as a percentage of pretax income because of higher tax benefits recognized related to California enterprise zone tax deductions and a higher percentage of taxable income apportioned to lower tax rate jurisdictions and an increase in low income housing tax credits.

 

On December 31, 2003, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) announced its intent to list certain transactions that in its view constitute potentially abusive tax shelters. Included in the transactions subject to this listing were transactions utilizing regulated investment companies (RICs) and real estate investment trusts (REITs). As part of the notification indicating the listed transactions, the FTB also indicated its position that it intends to disallow tax benefits associated with these transactions. While the Company continues to believe that the tax benefits recorded in three prior years with respect to RIC were appropriate and fully defensible under California law, the Company has deemed it prudent to participate in Voluntary Compliance Initiative – Option 2, requiring payment of all California taxes and interest on these disputed 2000 through 2002 tax benefits, and permitting the Company to claim a refund for these years while avoiding certain potential penalties. The Company retains potential exposure for assertion of an accuracy-related penalty should the FTB prevail in its position in addition to the risk of not being successful in its refund claims. As of December 31, 2006, the Company reflected a $12.1 million net state tax receivable for the years 2000, 2001, and 2002 after giving effect to reserves for loss contingencies on the refund claims, or an equivalent of $7.9 million after giving effect to Federal tax benefits. The FTB is currently in the process of reviewing and assessing our refund claims for taxes and interest for tax years 2000 through 2002. The Company does not expect that its refund claim related to its regulated investment company will more likely than not be realized and consequently, expects to include the $7.9 million after tax amount related to its refund claim in its cumulative effect adjustment for Interpretation No. 48 as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the January 1, 2007 effective date of Interpretation No. 48.

 

The Company’s tax returns are open for audits by the Internal Revenue Service back to 2003 and by the Franchise Tax Board of the State of California back to 2000. The Company is currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service for the years 2004 and 2005 and by the California Franchise Tax Board for the years 2000 to 2002. From time to time, there may be differences in opinions with respect to the tax treatment accorded transactions. When, and if, such differences occur and the related tax effects become probable and estimable, such amounts will be recognized. See discussion above in Part I — Item 1A — “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Review of Financial Condition

 

Total assets increased by $1.6 billion, or 25.5%, to $8.0 billion at December 31, 2006, compared with total assets of $6.4 billion at December 31, 2005. The increase in total assets was due primarily to growth in loans, increases in investment securities and the mergers with Great Eastern Bank and New Asia Bancorp funded by growth of deposits and borrowings.

 

Securities

 

Securities represented 18.96% of total December 31, 2006 assets compared with 19.03% of December 31, 2005 total assets. The fair value of securities available-for-sale (“AFS”) at December 31, 2006, was $1.52 billion compared with $1.22 billion at December 31, 2005. Securities available-for-sale are carried at fair value and had a net unrealized loss of $21.4 million at December 31, 2006, compared with a net unrealized loss $22.9 million at December 31, 2005.

 

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The following table summarizes the carrying value of our portfolio of securities for each of the past two years:

 

     As of December 31,

     2006

   2005

     (In thousands)

Securities Available-for-Sale:

             

U.S. treasury securities

   $ 993    $ —  

U.S. government sponsored entities

     361,499      182,876

State and municipal securities

     55,532      66,444

Mortgage-backed securities

     534,767      606,903

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

     19,966      28,768

Collateralized mortgage obligations

     245,626      287,069

Asset-backed securities

     780      1,192

Corporate bonds

     205,937      6,908

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

     22,010      21,090

Equity securities

     —        14,173

Foreign corporate bonds

     75,113      2,015
    

  

Total

   $ 1,522,223    $ 1,217,438
    

  

 

The table below shows the fair value and unrealized losses as of December 31, 2006, on the temporarily impaired securities in the Company’s available-for-sale securities portfolio. The Company has the ability and intent to hold these debt securities for a period of time sufficient for a recovery of cost. Unrealized losses for securities with unrealized losses for less than twelve months represent 0.2% of the historical cost, and unrealized losses for securities with unrealized losses for twelve months and more represent 2.8% of the historical cost and generally resulted from increases in interest rates from the date that these securities were purchased. All of these securities are investment grade. At December 31, 2006, management believes the impairment detailed in the table below is temporary and accordingly no impairment loss has been recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of income.

 

Temporarily Impaired Securities at December 31, 2006

 

     Less than 12 months

   12 months or longer

   Total

Description of securities


  

Fair

Value


   Unrealized
losses


  

Fair

Value


   Unrealized
losses


  

Fair

Value


   Unrealized
losses


     (In thousands)

U.S. treasury securities

   $ 993    $ 1    $ —      $ —      $ 993    $ 1

U.S. government sponsored entities

     204,386      336      133,433      3,220      337,819      3,556

State and municipal securities

     3,631      29      2,349      51      5,980      80

Mortgage-backed securities

     3,305      20      465,800      15,050      469,105      15,070

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

     —        —        19,966      588      19,966      588

Collateralized mortgage obligations

     —        —        242,190      6,417      242,190      6,417

Asset-backed securities

     —        —        780      3      780      3

Corporate bonds

     50,693      308      4,919      88      55,612      396

Foreign corporate bonds

     24,988      13      —        —        24,988      13
    

  

  

  

  

  

Total

   $ 287,996    $      707    $ 869,437    $ 25,417    $ 1,157,433    $ 26,124
    

  

  

  

  

  

 

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The following table summarizes the number of issuances of the temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2006:

 

Temporarily Impaired Securities at December 31, 2006

 

     Less than 12 months    12 months or longer    Total

Description of securities


   Number of Issuances

   Number of Issuances

   Number of Issuances

U.S. treasury securities

   1    —      1

U.S. government sponsored entities

   29    10    39

State and municipal securities

   7    5    12

Mortgage-backed securities

   7    77    84

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

   —      3    3

Collateralized mortgage obligations

   —      39    39

Asset-backed securities

   —      2    2

Corporate bonds

   3    1    4

Foreign corporate bonds

   1    —      1
    
  
  

Total

   48    137    185
    
  
  

 

The scheduled maturities and taxable-equivalent yields by security type are presented in the following tables:

 

Securites Available-for-Sale Portfolio Maturity Distribution and Yield Analysis:

 

     As of December 31, 2006

 
           After One     After Five              
     One Year
or Less


    Year to
Five Years


    Years to
Ten Years


    Over Ten
Years


    Total

 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Maturity Distribution:

                                        

U.S. treasury securities

   $ 993     $ —       $ —       $ —       $ 993  

U.S. government sponsored entities

     49,194       311,127       1,002       176       361,499  

State and municipal securities

     459       6,474       29,276       19,323       55,532  

Mortgage-backed securities (1)

     311       26,929       2,801       504,726       534,767  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (1)

     —         657       —         19,309       19,966  

Collateralized mortgage obligations (1)

     16       —         10,269       235,341       245,626  

Asset-backed securities (1)

     —         —         —         780       780  

Corporate bonds

     5,919       —         200,018       —         205,937  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities (2)

     —         —         —         22,010       22,010  

Foreign corporate bonds

     —         —         75,113       —         75,113  
    


 


 


 


 


Total

   $ 56,892     $ 345,187     $ 318,479     $ 801,665     $ 1,522,223  
    


 


 


 


 


Weighted-Average Yield:

                                        

U.S. treasury securities

     3.67 %     0.00 %     0.00 %     0.00 %     3.67 %

U.S. government sponsored entities

     2.73       4.81       3.50       2.00       4.52  

State and municipal securities (3)

     8.37       7.24       6.82       6.48       6.76  

Mortgage-backed securities (1)

     5.37       4.99       5.97       4.58       4.61  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (1)

     —         3.98       —         4.07       4.07  

Collateralized mortgage obligations (1)

     4.58       —         4.56       4.76       4.75  

Asset-backed securities (1)

     —         —         —         2.94       2.94  

Corporate bonds

     3.17       —         8.63       —         8.48  

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

     —         —         —         7.05       7.05  

Foreign corporate bonds

     —         —         9.03       —         9.03  
    


 


 


 


 


Total

     2.86 %     4.87 %     8.39 %     4.67 %     5.43 %
    


 


 


 


 



(1) Securities reflect stated maturities and do not reflect the impact of anticipated prepayments.
(2) There is no stated maturity for equity securities.
(3) Weighted average yield has been adjusted to a fully-taxable equivalent basis.

 

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Table of Contents

Loans

 

Loans represented 78.7% of average interest-earning assets during 2006 compared with 73.2% during 2005. Gross loans, increased by $1.1 billion, an increase of 23.7%, to $5.75 billion at year-end 2006 compared with $4.65 billion at year-end 2005. The growth was primarily attributable to the following:

 

   

Commercial mortgage loans increased $635.9 million, or 24.5%, to $3.23 billion at year-end 2006, compared to $2.60 billion at year-end 2005 due primarily to strong loan originations and the mergers with Great Eastern Bank and New Asia Bancorp. Total commercial mortgage loans accounted for 56.1% of gross loans at year-end 2006 compared to 55.7% at year-end 2005. Commercial mortgage loans include primarily commercial retail properties, shopping centers, and owner-occupied industrial facilities, and, secondarily, office buildings, multiple-unit apartments, and multi-tenanted industrial properties, and are typically secured by first deeds of trust on such commercial properties. In addition, the Bank provides medium-term commercial real estate loans secured by commercial or industrial buildings where the owner either uses the property for business purposes or derives income from tenants.

 

   

Commercial loans increased $133.4 million, or 12.0%, to $1.24 billion at December 31, 2006, compared to $1.11 billion at December 31, 2005. Commercial loans consist primarily of short-term loans (normally with a maturity of one year or less) to support general business purposes, or to provide working capital to businesses in the form of lines of credit, trade-finance loans, loans for commercial purposes secured by cash, and SBA loans.

 

   

Real estate construction loans increased $185.2 million, or 37.0%, to $685.2 million at year-end 2006 compared to $500.0 million at year-end 2005.

 

   

Total residential mortgage loans and equity lines increased by $143.1 million or 33.2%, to $574.4 million at year-end 2006, compared to $431.3 million at year-end 2005, primarily due to strong new loan originations for single family mortgage loans and the acquisition of New Asia Bancorp.

 

The Company’s lending activities are predominantly in the states of California, New York, Texas, Washington, Massachusetts, and Illinois, although it has some loans to domestic clients who are engaged in international trade.

 

The classification of loans by type as of December 31 for each of the past five years is presented below:

 

Loan Type and Mix

 

     Amount Outstanding as of December 31,

 
     2006

    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Type of Loans

                                        

Commercial loans

   $ 1,243,756     $ 1,110,401     $ 955,377     $ 956,382     $ 563,675  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

     574,422       431,289       331,727       262,954       231,371  

Commercial mortgage loans

     3,226,658       2,590,752       2,119,349       1,715,434       943,391  

Real estate construction loans

     685,206       500,027       412,611       359,339       122,773  

Installment loans

     13,257       13,662       10,481       11,452       15,570  

Other loans

     4,247       1,684       2,443       860       447  
    


 


 


 


 


Gross loans

     5,747,546       4,647,815       3,831,988       3,306,421       1,877,227  
    


 


 


 


 


Less:

                                        

Allowance for loan losses

     (64,689 )     (60,251 )     (62,880 )     (65,808 )     (24,543 )

Unamortized deferred loan fees

     (11,984 )     (12,733 )     (11,644 )     (10,862 )     (4,606 )
    


 


 


 


 


Net loans

   $ 5,670,873     $ 4,574,831     $ 3,757,464     $ 3,229,751     $ 1,848,078  
    


 


 


 


 


 

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Table of Contents

The loan maturities in the table below are based on contractual maturities. As is customary in the banking industry, loans that meet sound underwriting criteria can be renewed by mutual agreement between the Company and the borrower. Because the Company is unable to estimate the extent to which its borrowers will renew their loans, the table is based on contractual maturities. As a result, the data shown below should not be viewed as an indication of future cash flows. As a result of short term interest rates rising above longer term interest rates, a higher proportion of the Company’s commercial mortgage loans at December 31, 2006, were fixed rate loans compared to the prior year.

 

Contractual Maturity of Loan Portfolio

 

     Within One Year

   One to Five Years

   Over Five Years

   Total

 
     (In thousands)  

Commercial loans

                             

Floating rate

   $ 642,696    $ 185,785    $ 44,568    $ 873,049  

Fixed rate

     302,747      60,403      7,557      370,707  

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

                             

Floating rate

     556      1,481      168,646      170,683  

Fixed rate

     2,400      19,418      381,921      403,739  

Commercial mortgage loans

                             

Floating rate

     399,219      467,705      388,938      1,255,862  

Fixed rate

     33,652      825,572      1,111,572      1,970,796  

Real estate construction loans

                             

Floating rate

     558,532      100,745      2,602      661,879  

Fixed rate

     15,889      5,905      1,533      23,327  

Installment loans

                             

Floating rate

     —        —        —        —    

Fixed rate .

     11,057      2,200      —        13,257  

Other loans

                             

Floating rate

     —        —        —        —    

Fixed rate

     4,247      —        —        4,247  
    

  

  

  


Total Loans

   $ 1,970,995    $ 1,669,214    $ 2,107,337    $ 5,747,546  
    

  

  

  


Floating rate

   $ 1,601,003    $ 755,716    $ 604,754    $ 2,961,473  

Fixed rate

     369,992      913,498      1,502,583      2,786,073  
    

  

  

  


Total Loans

     1,970,995      1,669,214      2,107,337      5,747,546  
    

  

  

  


Allowance for loan losses

                          (64,689 )

Unamortized deferred loan fees

                          (11,984 )
                         


Net loans

                        $ 5,670,873  
                         


 

Deposits

 

The Bank primarily uses customer deposits to fund its operations, and to a lesser extent borrowings in the form of securities sold under agreements to repurchase, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank, and other borrowings. The Bank’s deposits are generally obtained from residents within the Bank’s geographic market area. The Bank utilizes traditional marketing methods to attract new customers and deposits, by offering a wide variety of products and services and utilizing various forms of advertising media. Although the vast majority of the Bank’s deposits are retail in nature, the Bank does engage in certain wholesale activities, primarily accepting time deposits from political subdivisions and public agencies. The Bank considers wholesale deposits to be an alternative borrowing source rather than a customer relationship and, as such, their levels are determined by management’s decisions as to the most economic funding sources. At December 31, 2006, the Bank had brokered-deposits which totaled $247.2 million, or 4.4% of total deposits, and public deposits which totaled $325.1 million, or 5.7% of total deposits.

 

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Table of Contents

The Bank’s total deposits increased $759.0 million, or 15.4%, from $4.92 billion at year-end 2005 to $5.68 billion at December 31, 2006. Time deposits of $100,000 or more increased $210.6 million, or 8.7%, and time deposits under $100,000 increased $366.2 million, or 57.1%, during 2006, primarily due to the $247.2 million increase from brokered-deposits and the $74.9 million increase in public deposits as well as a number of special deposit promotions during 2006.

 

The following table displays the deposit mix for the past three years:

 

Deposit Mix

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2006

    2005

    2004

 
     Amount

   Percentage

    Amount

   Percentage

    Amount

   Percentage

 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Demand accounts

   $ 781,492    13.8 %   $ 726,722    14.8 %   $ 674,791    14.7 %

NOW accounts

     239,589    4.2       240,885    4.9       253,767    5.5  

Money market accounts

     657,689    11.6       523,076    10.6       588,526    12.8  

Saving accounts

     358,827    6.3       364,793    7.4       418,041    9.1  

Time deposits under $100,000

     1,007,637    17.8       641,411    13.1       539,811    11.7  

Time deposits of $100,000 or more

     2,630,072    46.3       2,419,463    49.2       2,120,201    46.2  
    

  

 

  

 

  

Total

   $ 5,675,306    100.0 %   $ 4,916,350    100.0 %   $ 4,595,137    100.0 %
    

  

 

  

 

  

 

Average total deposits grew $508.9 million, or 10.6%, to $5.32 billion during 2006 compared with average total deposits of $4.81 billion in 2005.

 

The following table displays average deposits and rates for the past five years:

 

Average Deposits and Average Rates

 

    2006

    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

 
    Amount

  %

    Amount

  %

    Amount

  %

    Amount

  %

    Amount

  %

 
    (Dollars in thousands)  

Demand

  $ 761,991   —   %   $ 703,185   —   %   $ 664,329   —   %   $ 357,731   —   %   $ 274,568   —   %

NOW accounts

    237,113   1.18       245,904   0.61       267,188   0.27       179,290   0.27       139,589   0.31  

Money market accounts

    599,210   2.69       539,642   1.40       616,970   0.79       292,952   0.73       154,414   0.99  

Saving accounts

    374,570   0.91       390,787   0.51       421,959   0.31       327,336   0.30       271,286   0.50  

Time deposits

    3,344,931   4.12       2,929,365   2.79       2,522,845   1.70       1,665,114   1.76       1,372,854   2.43  
   

       

       

       

       

     

Total

  $ 5,317,815   3.01 %   $ 4,808,883   1.93 %   $ 4,493,291   1.11 %   $ 2,822,423   1.17 %   $ 2,212,711   1.66 %
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Management considers the Bank’s time deposits of $100,000 or more (Jumbo CDs) to be generally less volatile than other wholesale funding sources primarily because:

 

   

approximately 67.3% of the Bank’s Jumbo CDs have been on deposit with the Bank for two years or more;

 

   

the Jumbo CD portfolio is widely-held with 11,396 individual accounts averaging approximately $201,689 per account owned by 7,264 individual depositors as of December 31, 2006; and

 

   

the ratio of relatively higher percentage of Jumbo CDs to total deposits exists in most of the Asian-American banks in our California market because of higher savings rate within the communities we serve.

 

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Table of Contents

Management monitors the Jumbo CD portfolio to identify any changes in the deposit behavior in the market and of the customers the Bank is serving.

 

Of our Jumbo CDs, 95.9% mature within one year as of year-end 2006. The following tables display time deposits of $100,000 or more by maturity:

 

Time Deposits of $100,000 or More by Maturity

 

     At
December 31,
2006


     (In thousands)

Less than three months

   $ 1,047,038

Three to six months

     1,043,522

Six to twelve months

     432,046

Over one year

     107,466
    

Total

   $ 2,630,072
    

 

The following table displays time deposits with remaining term of more than one year at December 31, 2006:

 

Maturities of Time Deposits with a Remaining Term

of More Than One Year for Each

of the Five Years Following December 31, 2006

 

     (In thousands)

2008

   $ 142,947

2009

     15,777

2010

     155

2011

     662

2012

     17

 

Borrowings

 

Borrowings include securities sold under agreements to repurchase, federal funds purchased, funds obtained as advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of San Francisco, and borrowings from other financial institutions.

 

In addition to the four long-term transactions totaling $200.0 million for five years entered into in 2005, in January and February 2006, the Bank entered into four long-term transactions involving the sale of securities under repurchase agreements totaling $200.0 million for five years. The rates are all initially floating rate for the first year at the three-month LIBOR minus 100 basis points. Thereafter, the rates are fixed for the remainder of the term. After the initial one year period, the counterparties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the first anniversary date and quarterly thereafter At December 31, 2006, $200.0 million of these repurchase agreements bear fixed interest rates ranging from 4.35% to 4.52% and the remaining $200.0 million of these repurchase agreements, if not called, will bear fixed interest rates ranging from 4.42% to 4.79%.

 

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Table of Contents

The table below provides comparative data for securities sold under agreements to repurchase:

 

     December 31,

 
     2006

    2005

    2004

 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Average amount outstanding during the year (1)

   $ 374,356     $ 18,449     $ 35,384  

Maximum amount outstanding at month-end (2)

     445,000       200,000       54,000  

Balance, December 31,

     400,000       200,000       15,000  

Rate at year-end

     4.40 %     3.41 %     2.15 %

Weighted average interest rate for the year

     4.19 %     3.39 %     2.41 %

(1) Average balances were computed using daily averages.
(2) Highest month-end balances were July in 2006, December in 2005, and May in 2004.

 

Advances from the FHLB increased $499.7 million to $714.7 million at December 31, 2006, from $215.0 million at December 31, 2005. Of the FHLB advances outstanding at December 31, 2006, $566.0 million will mature in 2007, $3.5 million will mature in 2008, and the remaining $145.2 million will mature in year 2011. These advances are non-callable with fixed interest rates, with a weighted average rate of 5.40% at December 31, 2006 and of 4.29% at December 31, 2005.

 

On May 31, 2005, the Bancorp entered into a $30.0 million 364-day unsecured revolving loan agreement with a commercial bank bearing an interest rate of LIBOR plus 90 basis points and a commitment fee of 12.5 basis points on unused commitments. On September 29, 2006, in conjunction with the issuance of subordinated debt discussed below, this loan was further amended to reduce the commitment to $10.0 million after October 31, 2006. At December 31, 2006, $10.0 million was outstanding with a weighted average rate of 6.26% under this loan compared to $20.0 million outstanding with a weighted average rate of 5.18% at December 31, 2005.

 

On September 29, 2006, the Bank issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt in a private placement transaction. The debt has a maturity term of 10 years, is unsecured and bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 110 basis points. As of December 31, 2006, $50.0 million was outstanding with a rate of 6.46% under this note. The subordinated debt qualifies as Tier 2 capital for regulatory reporting purpose and is included as a component of long-term debt in the consolidated balance sheet.

 

Junior Subordinated Notes

 

The Company established special purpose trusts in 2003 for the purpose of issuing Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests in its Subordinated Debentures to outside investors (“Capital Securities”). The proceeds from the issuance of the Capital Securities as well as the Company’s purchase of the common stock of the special purpose trusts were invested in Junior Subordinated Notes of the Bancorp (“Junior Subordinated Notes”). The trusts exist for the sole purpose of issuing the Capital Securities and investing in Junior Subordinated Notes. Subject to some limitations, payment of distributions out of the monies held by the trusts and payments on liquidation of the trusts, or the redemption of the Capital Securities, are guaranteed by the Company to the extent the trusts have funds on hand at such time. The obligations of the Company under the guarantees and the Junior Subordinated Notes are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all indebtedness of the Company and will be structurally subordinated to all liabilities and obligations of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Bancorp has the right to defer payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Notes at any time or from time to time for a period of up to twenty consecutive quarterly periods with respect to each deferral period. Under the terms of the Junior Subordinated Notes, the Bancorp may not, with certain exceptions, declare or pay any dividends or distributions on its capital stock or purchase or acquire any of its capital stock if the Bancorp has deferred payment of interest on any Junior Subordinated Notes.

 

As of December 31, 2006, the total Junior Subordinated Notes issued by the Company totaled $54.1 million. The trusts are not consolidated with the Company in accordance with an accounting pronouncement that took effect in December 2003.

 

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Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements, Commitments, Guarantees, and Contractual Obligations

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations and commitments to make future payments as of December 31, 2006. Payments for deposits and borrowings do not include interest. Payments related to leases are based on actual payments specified in the underlying contracts. Loan commitments and standby letters of credit are presented at contractual amounts; however, since many of these commitments are expected to expire unused or only partially used, the total amounts of these commitments do not necessarily reflect future cash requirements.

 

     Payment Due by Period

    

1 year

or less


   More than
1 year but
less than
3 years


   3 years or
more but
less than
5 years


  

5 years

or more


   Total

     (Dollars in thousands)

Contractual obligations:

                                  

Federal funds purchased

   $ 50,000    $ —      $ —      $ —      $ 50,000

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (1)

     —        —        400,000      —        400,000

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank

     566,000      3,500      145,180      —        714,680

Other borrowings

     10,000      —        —        19,981      29,981

Long-term debt

     —        —        —        104,125      104,125

Operating leases

     7,123      11,392      6,238      7,282      32,035

Deposits with stated maturity dates

     3,478,151      158,724      817      17      3,637,709
    

  

  

  

  

       4,111,274      173,616      552,235      131,405      4,968,530

Other commitments:

                                  

Commitments to extend credit

     1,346,400      600,099      24,598      207,543      2,178,640

Standby letters of credit

     69,466      11,826      —        —        81,292

Commercial letter of credit

     79,803      —        —        —        79,803

Bill of lading guarantees

     223      —        —        —        223
    

  

  

  

  

Total contractual obligations and other commitments

   $ 5,607,166    $ 785,541    $ 576,833    $ 338,948    $ 7,308,488
    

  

  

  

  


(1) These repurchase agreements have a final maturity of five years but are callable on a quarterly basis after one year.

 

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various transactions, which, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, are not included in its consolidated balance sheet. The Company enters into these transactions to meet the financing needs of its customers. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

 

Loan Commitments. The Company enters into contractual commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of the Company’s commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of loan funding. The Company minimizes its exposure to loss under these commitments by subjecting them to credit approval and monitoring procedures. Management assesses the credit risk associated with certain commitments to extend credit in determining the level of the allowance for loan losses. Loan commitments outstanding at December 31, 2006, are included in the table above.

 

Standby Letters of Credit. Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. In the event the customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of agreement with the third party, the Company would be required to fund the

 

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commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment is funded, the Company would be entitled to seek reimbursement from the customer. The Company’s policies generally require that standby letter of credit arrangements contain security and debt covenants similar to those contained in loan agreements. Standby letters of credit outstanding at December 31, 2006, are included in the table above.

 

Capital Resources

 

Stockholders’ Equity

 

We obtain capital primarily from retained earnings, the issuance of additional common stock and, to a lesser extent, through our Dividend Reinvestment Plan and stock option exercises. Stockholders’ equity of $943.1 million at December 31, 2006, was up $169.5 million, or 21.9%, compared to $773.6 million at December 31, 2005. The increase in stockholders’ equity was due to $117.6 million from net income less payments of dividends on common stock of $18.4 million, issuance of 1,472,329 common shares valued at $55.2 million for a portion of the purchase price for Great Eastern Bank and New Asia Bancorp, proceeds from exercise of stock options of $3.3 million, tax benefit of $0.8 million from the exercise of stock options, reinvestment of dividends of $2.6 million, amortization of unearned compensation of $7.6 million and a decrease of $0.8 million from lower unrealized losses on securities. The Company paid common stock dividends of $0.36 per common share in 2006 and $0.36 per common share in 2005.

 

On April 6, 2001, the Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program of up to $15 million of our common stock. On May 2, 2005, the Company completed the April 2001 repurchase plan under which it had repurchased a total of 830,065 common shares between April 2001 to May 2005 for a total cost of $15.0 million, or an average of $18.07 per share.

 

On March 18, 2005, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had approved a new stock repurchase program to buy back up to an aggregate of one million shares of the Company’s common stock following the completion of the April 2001 stock repurchase program. During 2005, the Company repurchased 548,297 shares for a total cost of $18.3 million at an average price of $33.40 per share under its March 18, 2005 repurchase program. As of December 31, 2006, 451,703 shares remain under the Company’s March 18, 2005, stock repurchase program.

 

During 2005, the Company repurchased 738,542 shares for $24.5 million, at an average price of $33.18 per share under both the April 2001 repurchase program and the March 2005 repurchase program. There were no shares repurchased in 2006. In 2007, through February 27, 2007, the Company repurchased 275,826 shares for a total cost of $9.6 million at an average price of $34.96 per share. As of February 27, 2007, 175,877 shares remain under the Company’s March 18, 2005, stock repurchase program.

 

Under California State banking law, the Bank may not without regulatory approval pay a cash dividend which exceeds the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or its net income for the last three fiscal years, less any cash distributions made during that period. The amount of retained earnings available for cash dividends to Bancorp immediately after December 31, 2006, is restricted to approximately $211.3 million under this regulation.

 

Capital Adequacy

 

Management seeks to retain the Company’s capital at a level sufficient to support future growth, protect depositors and stockholders, and comply with various regulatory requirements.

 

The primary measure of capital adequacy is based on the ratio of risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets. At year-end 2006, Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 9.40%, total risk-based capital ratio of 11.00%, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 8.98%, continued to place the Company in the “well capitalized” category, which is defined as institutions with Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than six percent, total risk-based

 

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capital ratio equal to or greater than ten percent, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio equal to or greater than five percent. The comparable ratios for 2005 were Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 10.61%, total risk-based capital ratio of 11.72%, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 9.80%.

 

Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust, of which 100% of the common stock is owned by Cathay Bank, sold $4.4 million during 2003 and $4.2 million during 2004 of its 7.0% Series A Non-Cumulative preferred stock to accredited investors. During 2005, the Trust repurchased $131,000 of its preferred stock. This preferred stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital under current regulatory guidelines.

 

A table displaying the Company’s and the Bank’s capital and leverage ratios at year-end 2006 and 2005 is included in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Risk Elements of the Loan Portfolio

 

Non-performing Assets

 

Non-performing assets include loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest, non-accrual loans, and other real estate owned. The Company’s policy is to place loans on non-accrual status if interest and principal or either interest or principal is past due 90 days or more, or in cases where management deems the full collection of principal and interest unlikely. After a loan is placed on non-accrual status, any current year unpaid accrued interest is reversed against current income and any unpaid accrued interest from prior year is reversed against the allowance for loan losses. Thereafter, any payment is generally first applied towards the principal balance. Depending on the circumstances, management may elect to continue the accrual of interest on certain past due loans if partial payment is received and/or the loan is well collateralized and in the process of collection. The loan is generally returned to accrual status when the borrower has brought the past due principal and interest payments current and, in the opinion of management, the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled.

 

Management reviews the loan portfolio regularly for problem loans. During the ordinary course of business, management becomes aware of borrowers that may not be able to meet the contractual requirements of the loan agreements. Such loans are placed under closer supervision with consideration given to placing the loan on non-accrual status, the need for an additional allowance for loan losses, and (if appropriate) partial or full charge-off.

 

Our non-performing assets increased $17.7 million, or 98.8%, to $35.6 million at year-end 2006 compared to $17.9 million at year-end 2005. The increase in non-performing assets was primarily due to a $5.3 million increase in other real estate owned, a $6.5 million increase in non-accrual loans, including $2.3 million in loans acquired from New Asia Bank, and a $5.9 million increase in accruing loans past due 90 days or more as a result of one loan which was renewed after December 31, 2006, and which is expected to be paid off in full by March 31, 2007.

 

As a percentage of gross loans plus other real estate owned, our non-performing assets increased to 0.62% at year-end 2006 from 0.39% at year-end 2005. The non-performing loan coverage ratio, defined as the allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans, decreased to 213.28% at year-end 2006, from 336.50% at year-end 2005.

 

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The following table presents the breakdown of total non-accrual, past due, and restructured loans for the past five years:

 

Non-accrual, Past Due and Restructured Loans

 

     December 31,

 
     2006

    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more

   $ 8,008     $ 2,106     $ 3,260     $ 5,916     $ 2,468  

Non-accrual loans

     22,322       15,799       19,211       32,959       4,124  
    


 


 


 


 


Total non-performing loans

     30,330       17,905       22,471       38,875       6,592  
    


 


 


 


 


Real estate acquired in foreclosure

     5,259       —         —         400       653  
    


 


 


 


 


Total non-performing assets

   $ 35,589     $ 17,905     $ 22,471     $ 39,275     $ 7,245  
    


 


 


 


 


Troubled debt restructurings (1)

     955       3,088       1,006       5,808       5,266  

Non-performing assets as a percentage of gross loans and other real estate owned at year-end

     0.62 %     0.39 %     0.59 %     1.19 %     0.39 %

Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of non-performing loans

     213.28 %     336.50 %     279.83 %     169.28 %     372.31 %

(1) Troubled debt restructurings accrue interest at their restructured terms.

 

The effect of non-accrual loans and troubled debt restructurings on interest income for the past five years is presented below:

 

     2006

   2005

   2004

   2003

   2002

     (In thousands)

Non-accrual Loans

                                  

Contractual interest due

   $ 1,851    $ 1,308    $ 1,692    $ 1,019    $ 321

Interest recognized

     851      157      546      624      34
    

  

  

  

  

Net interest foregone

   $ 1,000    $ 1,151    $ 1,146    $ 395    $ 287
    

  

  

  

  

Troubled Debt Restructurings

                                  

Contractual interest due

   $ 100    $ 187    $ 101    $ 315    $ 338

Interest recognized

     92      149      93      262      258
    

  

  

  

  

Net interest foregone

   $ 8    $ 38    $ 8    $ 53    $ 80
    

  

  

  

  

 

During the fourth quarter 2006, the Company recognized $1.47 million of interest income, which is not reflected in the table above for 2006 amounts, from the full payoff of a loan that had been on nonaccrual status since 2004. As of December 31, 2006, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to those borrowers whose loans have been restructured, were considered impaired, or were on non-accrual status.

 

Non-accrual Loans

 

Non-accrual loans were $22.3 million at year-end 2006 and $15.8 million at year-end 2005. Non-accrual loans at December 31, 2006, consisted of fifteen commercial loans totaling $14.4 million and thirteen commercial mortgage loans totaling $7.9 million. The comparable numbers for 2005 were $9.9 million in seventeen commercial loans and $5.9 million in four commercial mortgage loans.

 

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The following tables present the type of properties securing the loans and the type of businesses the borrowers engaged in under commercial mortgage and commercial non-accrual loan categories as of the dates indicated:

 

     December 31, 2006

   December 31, 2005

     Real         Real     
     Estate (1)

   Commercial

   Estate (1)

   Commercial

     (In thousands)

Type of Collateral

                           

Single/Multi-family residence

   $ 7,111    $ 180    $ —      $ —  

Commercial real estate

     674      1,265      5,857      2,044

Land

     113      —        —        —  

UCC

     —        12,779      —        7,796

Unsecured

     —        200      —        102
    

  

  

  

Total

   $ 7,898    $ 14,424    $ 5,857    $ 9,942
    

  

  

  


(1) Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, and residential mortgage loans and equity lines.

 

     December 31, 2006

   December 31, 2005

     Real         Real     
     Estate (1)

   Commercial

   Estate (1)

   Commercial

     (In thousands)

Type of Business

                           

Real estate development

   $ 6,651    $ —      $ 3,817    $ —  

Wholesale/Retail

     130      8,631      2,040      2,056

Food/Restaurant

     282      3,126      —        2,214

Import/Export

     —        2,667      —        5,672

Other

     835      —        —        —  
    

  

  

  

Total

   $ 7,898    $ 14,424    $ 5,857    $ 9,942
    

  

  

  


(1) Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, and residential mortgage loans and equity lines.

 

Troubled Debt Restructurings

 

A troubled debt restructuring is a formal restructure of a loan when the lender, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction in the stated interest rate, reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, and extension of the maturity date.

 

Troubled debt restructurings, excluding those on non-accrual status, decreased $2.1 million to $1.0 million from a single borrower at December 31, 2006, compared to $3.1 million at December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2006, the restructured loans were performing under their revised terms.

 

Impaired Loans

 

A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement based on current circumstances and events. The assessment for impairment occurs when and while such loans are on non-accrual, or the loan has been restructured. Those loans less than our defined selection criteria, generally the loan amount less than $100,000, are treated as a homogeneous portfolio. If loans meeting the defined criteria are not collateral dependent, we measure the impairment based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s

 

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effective interest rate. If loans meeting the defined criteria are collateral dependent, we measure the impairment by using the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the recorded amount of the loan, we then recognize impairment by creating or adjusting an existing valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses.

 

We identified impaired loans with a recorded investment of $22.3 million at year-end 2006, compared to $15.8 million at year-end 2005. The average balance of impaired loans was $20.5 million in 2006 and $15.6 million in 2005. Interest collected on impaired loans totaled $0.9 million in 2006 and $0.2 million in 2005.

 

The following table presents impaired loans and the related allowance as of the dates indicated:

 

     At December 31,

     2006

   2005

     (In thousands)

Balance of impaired loans with no allocated allowance

   $ 10,522    $ 15,676

Balance of impaired loans with an allocated allowance

     11,800      123
    

  

Total recorded investment in impaired loans

   $ 22,322    $ 15,799
    

  

Amount of the allowance allocated to impaired loans

   $ 4,310    $ 16
    

  

 

The impaired loans included in the table above are comprised of $14.4 million in commercial loans and $7.9 million in real estate loans as of December 31, 2006, and comprised of $9.9 million commercial loans and $5.9 million in real estate loans as of December 31, 2005.

 

Loan Concentration

 

We experienced no loan concentrations to multiple borrowers in similar activities that exceeded 10% of total loans as of December 31, 2006. See Part I — Item 1A — “Rick Factors” above in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of some of the factors that may affect the matters discussed in this Section.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The Bank’s maintains the allowance for loan losses at a level that is considered to be equal to the estimated and known risks in the loan portfolio. With this risk management objective, the Bank’s management has an established monitoring system that is designed to identify impaired and potential problem loans, and to permit periodic evaluation of impairment and the adequacy level of the allowance for loan losses in a timely manner.

 

In addition, our Board of Directors has established a written loan policy that includes a loan review and control system which it believes should be effective in ensuring that the Bank maintains an adequate allowance for loan losses. The Board of Directors provides oversight for the allowance evaluation process, including quarterly evaluations, and determines whether the allowance is adequate to absorb losses in the loan portfolio. The determination of the amount of the allowance for loan losses and the provision for loan losses is based on management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration known relevant internal and external factors that affect collectibility when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses. The nature of the process by which the Bank determines the appropriate allowance for loan losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are made by charges to the provision for loan losses. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Bank’s control, including the performance of the Bank’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates, and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. Identified credit exposures that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses. Recoveries of previously charged off amounts, if any, are credited to the allowance for loan losses. A weakening of the economy or other factors that adversely affect asset quality could result in an increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies, or defaults, and a

 

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higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for loan losses in future periods. See Part I — Item 1A — “Rick Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance.

 

The following table sets forth the information relating to the allowance for loan losses, charge-offs, and recoveries for the past five years:

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

     Amount Outstanding as of December 31,

 
     2006

    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Balance at beginning of year

   $ 60,251     $ 62,880     $ 65,808     $ 24,543     $ 23,973  

Provision/(reversal) for loan losses

     2,000       (500 )     —         7,150       6,000  

Charge-offs:

                                        

Commercial loans

     (1,985 )     (5,176 )     (8,334 )     (364 )     (5,663 )

Real estate loans

     (3 )     —         (1,366 )     (485 )     (163 )

Installment loans and other loans

     (42 )     (39 )     (28 )     (7 )     (150 )
    


 


 


 


 


Total charge-offs

     (2,030 )     (5,215 )     (9,728 )     (856 )     (5,976 )

Recoveries:

                                        

Commercial loans

     1,243       2,850       6,702       799       242  

Real estate loans

     41       212       49       47       268  

Installment loans and other loans

     31       24       49       77       36  
    


 


 


 


 


Total recoveries

     1,315       3,086       6,800       923       546  

Allowance from acquisitions

     3,153       —         —         34,048       —    
    


 


 


 


 


Balance at end of year

   $ 64,689     $ 60,251     $ 62,880     $ 65,808     $ 24,543  
    


 


 


 


 


Average loans outstanding during year ended

   $ 5,310,564     $ 4,165,301     $ 3,522,575     $ 2,233,529     $ 1,752,444  

Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding during the year

     0.01 %     0.05 %     0.08 %     —   %     0.31 %

Provision for loan losses to average loans outstanding during the year

     0.04 %     —   %     —   %     0.32 %     0.34 %

Allowance to non-performing loans at year-end

     213.28 %     336.50 %     279.83 %     169.28 %     372.31 %

Allowance to gross loans at year-end

     1.13 %     1.30 %     1.64 %     1.99 %     1.31 %
    


 


 


 


 


 

Our allowance for loan losses consists of the following:

 

   

Specific allowance: For impaired loans, we provide specific allowances based on an evaluation of impairment, and for each criticized loan, we allocate a portion of the general allowance to each loan based on a loss percentage assigned. The percentage assigned depends on a number of factors including loan classification, the current financial condition of the borrowers and guarantors, the prevailing value of the underlying collateral, charge-off history, management’s knowledge of the portfolio, and general economic conditions.

 

   

General allowance: The unclassified portfolio is segmented on a group basis. Segmentation is determined by loan type and by identifying risk characteristics that are common to the groups of loans. The allowance is provided to each segmented group based on the group’s historical loan loss experience, the trends in delinquency and non-accrual, and other significant factors, such as national and local economy, trends and conditions, strength of management and loan staff, underwriting standards, and the concentration of credit.

 

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The total allowance for loan losses consists of the above two components: specific and general. To determine the adequacy of the allowance in each of these two components, the Bank employs two primary methodologies, the classification migration methodology and the individual loan review analysis methodology. These methodologies support the basis for determining allocations between the various loan categories and the overall adequacy of the Bank’s allowance to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. These methodologies are further supported by additional analysis of relevant factors such as the historical losses in the portfolio, trends in the non-performing/non-accrual loans, loan delinquencies, the volume of the portfolio, peer group comparisons, and federal regulatory policy for loan and lease losses. Other significant factors of portfolio analysis include changes in lending policies/underwriting standards, portfolio composition, and concentrations of credit, and trends in the national and local economy.

 

With these above methodologies, the specific allowance is for those loans internally classified and risk graded as Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, or Loss. Additionally, the Bank’s management allocates a specific allowance for “Impaired Credits,” in accordance with SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan.” The level of the general allowance is established to provide coverage for management’s estimate of the credit risk in the loan portfolio by various loan segments not covered by the specific allowance.

 

The table set forth below reflects management’s allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category and the ratio of each loan category to the total loans as of the dates indicated:

 

Allocation of Allowance for Loan Losses

 

    As of December 31,

 
    2006

    2005

    2004

    2003

    2002

 
    Amount

  Percentage
of Loans in
Each
Category to
to Average
Gross Loans


    Amount

  Percentage
of Loans in
Each
Category to
to Average
Gross Loans


    Amount

  Percentage
of Loans in
Each
Category to
to Average
Gross Loans


    Amount

  Percentage
of Loans in
Each
Category to
to Average
Gross Loans


    Amount

  Percentage
of Loans in
Each
Category to
to Average
Gross Loans


 
    (Dollars in thousands)  

Type of Loans:

                                                           

Commercial loans

  $ 35,569   20.9 %   $ 33,401   24.5 %   $ 33,712   26.8 %   $ 34,277   29.2 %   $ 11,812   29.7 %

Residential mortgage loans and equity lines

    1,510   9.1       1,055   9.0       1,346   8.4       1,090   10.7       1,466   13.3  

Commercial mortgage loans

    22,160   57.6       20,516   55.0       20,949   55.1       17,458   52.0       8,458   47.3  

Real Estate construction loans

    5,431   11.8       5,265   10.9       6,838   9.4       12,899   7.6       2,610   8.8  

Installment loans

    10   0.3       10   0.3       17   0.2       61   0.5       181   0.9  

Other loans

    9   0.3       4   0.3       18   0.1       23   0.0       16   0.0  
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

  $ 64,689   100.0 %   $ 60,251   100.0 %   $ 62,880   100.0 %   $ 65,808   100.0 %   $ 24,543   100.0 %
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The increase in the allowance allocated to commercial loans resulted from the increase in the level of non-accrual and problem loans during 2006. Commercial loans by collateral type comprised 64.6% of impaired loans and 64.6% of non-accrual loans and 17.9% of loans over 90 days still on accrual status at December 31, 2006. Commercial loans also comprised 62.9% of impaired loans, 62.9% of non-accrual loans, and 100% of loans over 90 days still on accrual status at December 31, 2005.

 

Allowance allocated to residential mortgage loans and equity lines also increased from $1.1 million at December 31, 2005, to $1.5 million at December 31, 2006, due to the increase in loan volume in this category.

 

The increase in the allowance allocated to commercial real estate mortgages from $20.5 million at December 31, 2005, to $22.2 million at December 31, 2006, was due to the strong growth in commercial real estate mortgages during 2006. Loan losses have been nominal during the past five years in this category. The overall allowance decreased to

 

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0.7% of total commercial real estate mortgages at December 31, 2006, compared to 0.8% of total commercial real estate mortgages at December 31, 2005 due to improved credit quality.

 

The allocated allowance for construction loans was $5.3 million, or 1.0%, of construction loans at December 31, 2005, compared to $5.4 million, or 0.9%, of construction loans at December 31, 2006 primarily as the result of the growth in the construction loan portfolio. At December 31, 2006, two construction loans totaling $5.8 million were on non-accrual status and three construction loans totaling $6.3 million were past due 90 days and still accruing interest. At December 31, 2005, there were no construction loans on non-accrual status and no construction loan was past due 90 days and still accruing interest.

 

Allowances for other risks of probable loan losses amounting to $2.5 million as of December 31, 2006, compared to $4.3 million as of December 31, 2005, have been included in the allocations above. At December 31, 2006, the Bank has set aside funds to cover the risk factors of higher energy prices on the ability of its borrowers to service their loans. During 2006, management determined the other component of other portfolio risk identified at December 31, 2005, the lifting of textile quotes on Chinese manufacturers and the impact of the increased competition on the Bank’s borrowers in the textile industry, was no longer required since this portfolio risk has now been captured in the Bank’s loan grading system. Also, see Part I — Item 1A — “Risk Factors” above in this Annual Report Form 10-K for additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance.

 

Liquidity

 

Liquidity is our ability to maintain sufficient cash flow to meet maturing financial obligations and customer credit needs, and to take advantage of investment opportunities as they are presented in the marketplace. Our principal sources of liquidity are growth in deposits, proceeds from the maturity or sale of securities and other financial instruments, repayments from securities and loans, federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and advances from the FHLB. At year-end 2006, our liquidity ratio (defined as net cash, short-term and marketable securities to net deposits and short-term liabilities) increased to 15.4%, compared to 13.5% at year-end 2005.

 

To supplement its liquidity needs, the Bank maintains a total credit line of $241.0 million for federal funds with three correspondent banks as well as master agreements with brokerage firms for the sale of securities subject to repurchase. The Bank is also a shareholder of the FHLB, which enables the Bank to have access to lower-cost FHLB financing when necessary. At December 31, 2006, the Bank had an approved credit line with the FHLB of San Francisco totaling $1.0 billion. The total advances outstanding with the FHLB of San Francisco at December 31, 2006, were $710.2 million. Advances from FHLB are non-callable and bear fixed rates of interest. These borrowings are secured by loans and securities. See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Liquidity can also be provided through the sale of liquid assets, which consist of federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and securities available-for-sale. At December 31, 2006, such assets at fair value totaled $1.52 billion, with $884.8 million pledged as collateral for borrowings and other commitments. The remaining $637.4 million was available as additional liquidity or to be pledged as collateral for additional borrowings.

 

Approximately 95.6% of our time deposits mature within one year or less as of December 31, 2006. Management anticipates that there may be some outflow of these deposits upon maturity due to the keen competition in the Bank’s marketplace. However, based on our historical runoff experience, we expect the outflow will not be significant and can be replenished through our normal growth in deposits. Management believes all the above-mentioned sources will provide adequate liquidity for the next twelve months to the Bank to meet its operating needs.

 

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The Bancorp obtains funding for its activities primarily through dividend income contributed by the Bank, proceeds from the issuance of the Bancorp common stock through our Dividend Reinvestment Plan and exercise of stock options. Dividends paid to the Bancorp by the Bank are subject to regulatory limitations. The business activities of the Bancorp consist primarily of the operation of the Bank with limited activities in other investments. Management believes the Bancorp’s liquidity generated from its prevailing sources is sufficient to meet its operational needs.

 

Also, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

See Note 1 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for details of recent accounting pronouncements and their expected impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

 

Market Risk

 

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates. The principal market risk to the Company is the interest rate risk inherent in our lending, investing, and deposit taking activities, due to the fact that interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities do not re-price at the same rate, to the same extent, or on the same basis.

 

We monitor and manage our interest rate risk through analyzing the re-pricing characteristics of our loans, securities, and deposits on an on-going basis. The primary objective is to minimize the adverse effects of changes in interest rates on our earnings, and ultimately the underlying market value of equity, while structuring our asset-liability composition to obtain the maximum spread. Management uses certain basic measurement tools in conjunction with established risk limits to regulate its interest rate exposure. Due to the limitation inherent in any individual risk management tool, we use a simulation model to measure and quantify the impact to our profitability as well as to estimate changes to the market value of our assets and liabilities.

 

We use a net interest income simulation model to measure the extent of the differences in the behavior of the lending and funding rates to changing interest rates, so as to project future earnings or market values under alternative interest rate scenarios. Interest rate risk arises primarily through the Company’s traditional business activities of extending loans and accepting deposits. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates, and consumer preferences affect the spread between interest earned on assets and interest paid on liabilities. The net interest income simulation model is designed to measure the volatility of net interest income and net portfolio value, defined as net present value of assets and liabilities, under immediate rising or falling interest rate scenarios in 25 basis points increments.

 

Although the modeling is very helpful in managing interest rate risk, it does require significant assumptions for the projection of loan prepayment rates on mortgage related assets, loan volumes and pricing, and deposit and borrowing volume and pricing, that might prove inaccurate. Because these assumptions are inherently uncertain, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest income, or precisely predict the effect of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rates changes, the differences between actual experience and the assumed volume, changes in market conditions, and management strategies, among other factors. The Company monitors its interest rate sensitivity and attempts to reduce the risk of a significant decrease in net interest income caused by a change in interest rates.

 

We establish a tolerance level in our policy to define and limit interest income volatility to a change of plus or minus 15% when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points. When the net interest rate simulation projects that our tolerance level will be met or exceeded, we seek corrective action after considering,

 

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among other things, market conditions, customer reaction, and the estimated impact on profitability. At December 31, 2006, if interest rates were to increase instantaneously by 100 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would decrease by 0.5%, and if interest rates were to increase instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would decrease by 1.9%. Conversely, if interest rates were to decrease instantaneously by 100 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would decrease by 1.3%, and if interest rates were to decrease instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would decrease by 3.4%.

 

Our simulation model also projects the net economic value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities. We have established a tolerance level to value the net economic value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities in our policy to a change of plus or minus 15% when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points. At December 31, 2006, if interest rates were to increase instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that the net economic value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities would decrease by 13.9%, and conversely, if interest rates were to decrease instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that the net economic value of our assets and liabilities would increase by 15.7%, which is just slightly in excess of our policy limit of 15%.

 

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Quantitative Information About Interest Rate Risk

 

The following table shows the carrying value of our financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, categorized by expected maturity, as well as the instruments’ total fair values at December 31, 2006, and 2005. For assets, expected maturities are based on contractual maturity. For liabilities, we use our historical experience and decay factors to estimate the deposit runoffs of interest-bearing transactional deposits. We use certain assumptions to estimate fair values and expected maturities which are described in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Off-balance sheet commitments to extend credit, letters of credit, and bill of lading guarantees represent the contractual unfunded amounts. Off-balance sheet financial instruments represent fair values. The results presented may vary if different assumptions are used or if actual experience differs from the assumptions used.

 

   

Average

Interest

rate


    Expected Maturity Date at December 31,

  December 31,

 
        2006

    2005

 
       

Total


 

Fair

Value


   

Total


 

Fair

Value


 
      2007

  2008

  2009

  2010

  2011

  Thereafter

       
    (Dollars in thousands)  

Interest-Sensitive Assets:

                                                                     

Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations

  4.64 %   $ 100,117   $ 92,333   $ 69,526   $ 59,827   $ 52,348   $ 426,208   $ 800,359   $ 800,359     $ 922,740   $ 922,740  

Other available for sale securities

  6.31       56,564     47,947     145,438     20,522     103,694     347,699     721,864     721,864       294,698     294,698  

Gross loans receivable:

                                                                     

Commercial

  8.10       945,443     105,470     79,246     25,181     36,290     52,126     1,243,756     1,244,366       1,110,401     1,110,322  

Residential Mortgage

  6.11       2,956     1,906     4,155     5,718     9,120     550,567     574,422     562,351       431,289     427,507  

Commercial Mortgage

  7.55       432,871     275,636     276,314     365,505     375,824     1,500,508     3,226,658     3,203,155       2,562,763     2,553,660  

Real estate construction

  8.97       574,421     96,436     9,446     —       768     4,135     685,206     685,481       528,016     528,020  

Installment & other

  5.64       15,304     1,559     488     104     49     —       17,504     17,443       15,346     15,319  

Trading Securities

  7.12       5,195     —       —       —       —       114     5,309     5,309       —       —    

Interest Sensitive Liabilities:

                                                                     

Other interest-bearing deposits

  2.14       177,247     134,925     123,219     120,410     103,596     596,708     1,256,105     1,256,105       1,128,754     1,128,754  

Time deposits

  4.66       3,478,151     142,947     15,777     155     662     17     3,637,709     3,647,593       3,060,874     3,061,798  

Federal funds purchased

  5.31       50,000     —       —       —       —       —       50,000     50,000       119,000     119,000  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

  4.40       —       —       —       200,000     200,000     —       400,000     403,504       200,000     198,612  

Advances from the Federal

                                                                     

Home Loan Bank

  5.40       566,000     3,500     —       —       145,180     —       714,680     717,623       215,000     214,965  

Revolving line of credit

  6.26       10,000     —       —       —       —       —       10,000     10,000       20,000     19,997  

Other borrowings

  —         —       —       —       —       —       19,981     19,981     19,981       20,507     20,507  

Long-term debt

  7.46       —       —       —       —       —       104,125     104,125     106,136       53,976     56,227  

Off-Balance Sheet

                                                                     

Financial Instruments:

                                                                     

Commitments to extend credit

          1,346,400     533,065     67,034     15,138     9,460     207,543     2,178,640     (3,075 )     1,776,844     (3,399 )

Standby letters of credit

          69,466     11,688     138     —       —       —       81,292     (555 )     56,555     (210 )

Other letters of credit

          79,803     —       —       —       —       —       79,803     (45 )     79,900     (42 )

Bill of lading guarantees

          223     —       —       —       —       —       223     (1 )     513     (1 )

 

Financial Derivatives

 

It is the policy of the Company not to speculate on the future direction of interest rates. However, the Company enters into financial derivatives in order to seek mitigation of exposure to interest rate risks related to our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. We believe that these transactions, when properly structured and managed, may provide a hedge against inherent interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities and against risk in specific transactions. In such instances, the Company may protect its position through the purchase or sale of interest rate futures contracts for a specific cash or interest rate risk position. Other hedge transactions may be implemented using interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, floors, financial futures, forward rate agreements, and options on futures or bonds. Prior to considering any hedging activities, we seek to analyze the costs and benefits of the hedge in comparison to other viable alternative strategies. All hedges will require an assessment of basis risk and must be approved by the Bank’s Investment Committee.

 

The Company follows SFAS No. 133 which established accounting and reporting standards for financial derivatives, including certain financial derivatives embedded in other contracts, and hedging activities. It requires the

 

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recognition of all financial derivatives as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those financial derivatives at fair value. The accounting treatment of changes in fair value is dependent upon whether or not a financial derivative is designated as a hedge and if so, the type of hedge. Fair value is based on dealer quotes, or quoted prices from instruments with similar characteristics. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are reflected in current earnings, together with changes in the fair value of the related hedged item if there is a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps and changes in the fair value of the underlying asset or liability that is intended to be hedged. If there is not a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the underlying asset or liability that is intended to be hedged, then only the changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

On March 21, 2000, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a major financial institution in the notional amount of $20.0 million for a period of five years. The interest rate swap was for the purpose of hedging the cash flows from a portion of our floating rate loans against declining rates. The purpose of the hedge was to provide a measure of stability in the future cash receipts of such loans over the term of the swap agreement. This agreement matured on March 21, 2005. Amounts received on the cash flow hedge interest rate swap were reclassified into earnings upon receipt of interest payments on the underlying loans, including $0.2 million in 2005 and $1.1 million in 2004.

 

In 2004, the Bank entered into $85.4 million of interest rate swaps that were scheduled to terminate in 2009 and could be terminated after two years at the election of the counterparty (swaptions) to mitigate risks associated with changes to the fair value of a like amount of fixed rate certificates of deposit (Five Year CDs) that had similar call features. For the first two years of the swaps, the Bank was to receive interest at a weighted average fixed rate of 3.15% and was to pay interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points. If the swaps were not terminated in 2006, then the Bank would receive interest at a weighted average rate of 5.94% and paid interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points for the last three years of the swap term. All of these interest rate hedges were initially designated as fair value hedges against a like amount of Five Year CDs and the Bank expected a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair values of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the Five Year CDs. However, at December 31, 2004, there was a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the Five Year CDs for only one group of Five Year CDs with a principal amount of $13.9 million and an unrealized gain of $0.1 million. The unrealized loss on the interest rate swaps and the unrealized gain on the $13.9 million of Five Year CDs have been recorded in income for 2004. The unrealized pre-tax loss on the ineffective interest rates swaps at December 31, 2004, of $50,000 has been recorded in income for 2004 and the related unrealized gain on the Five Year CDs with ineffective hedges was reversed from income as of December 31, 2004. For the year ended December 31, 2004, interest expense on certificates of deposit was reduced by $0.6 million as a result of these interest rate swaps. On January 18, 2005, the Bank terminated these interest rates swaps by making a cash payment of $400,000 and recording a pre-tax loss of $264,000 which reflected the increase in the fair value during 2005.

 

In 2004, the Bank entered into $25.7 million of interest rate swaps that were scheduled to terminate in 2007 and could be terminated after one year at the election of the counterparty to mitigate risks associated with changes to the fair value of a like amount of fixed rate certificates of deposit (Three Year CDs) that had similar call features. For the first year of the swaps, the Bank received interest at a weighted average fixed rate of 2.81% and paid interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points. If the swaps were not terminated in 2005, then the Bank would receive interest at a weighted average rate of 4.08% and pay interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points for the last two years of the swap term. All of these interest rate hedges were initially designated as fair value hedges against a like amount of Three Year CDs and the Bank expected a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair values of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the Three Year CDs. However, at December 31, 2004, the fair value of these interest rate swaps, which did not have a highly effective

 

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correlation with changes in the fair value of the Three Year CDs, was an unrealized pre-tax loss of $33,000 which was recorded in income for 2004. For the year ended December 31, 2004, interest expense on certificates of deposit was reduced by $0.1 million as a result of these interest rate swaps. On January 18, 2005, the Bank terminated these interest rates swaps by making a cash payment of $85,000 and recording a pre-tax loss of $52,000 which reflected the increase in the fair value during 2005.

 

To mitigate risks associated with changes to the fair value of $25.8 million of Three Year CDs, on January 18, 2005, concurrent with the termination of the three year swaptions entered into during 2004 as discussed above, the Bank, in exchange for a cash payment of $163,000 by the counterparty, entered into new swaptions that would terminate in 2007 and that can also be terminated after one year from the initial issuance of the Three Year CDs at the election of the counterparty. For the initial term of the swaptions, the Bank received interest at a weighted average fixed rate of 2.39% and paid interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points. If the swaptions were not terminated by the counterparty in 2005, then the Bank would receive interest at a weighted average rate of 3.85% and pay interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points for the last two years of the swap term. All of these swaptions were initially designated as fair value hedges. There was a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair values of the swaptions and changes in the fair value of the Three Year CDs. On May 9, 2005, the Company made a cash payment of $158,000 and terminated the $25.8 million swaptions related to the Three Year CDs. The changes in fair values of the Three Year CD’s and the $25.8 million swaptions were recorded in income through the date the swaptions were terminated. For 2005, the net realized pre-tax gain on the swaptions was $5,000 and the net realized loss on the Three Year CDs was zero. For the year ended December 31, 2005, interest expense on certificates of deposit was increased by $17,000 as a result of these interest rate swaps.

 

To mitigate risks associated with changes to the fair value of $85.6 million of Five Year CDs, on January 18, 2005 concurrent with the termination of the five year swaptions entered into 2004 as discussed above, the Bank, in exchange for a cash payment of $425,000 by the counterparty, entered into new swaptions that were scheduled to terminate in 2009 and that can also be terminated after two years from the initial issuance of the Five Year CD’s at the election of the counterparty. For the initial term of the swaptions, the Bank would receive interest at a weighted average fixed rate of 3.03% and would pay interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points. If the swaptions were not terminated by the counterparty in 2006, then the Bank would receive interest at a weighted average rate of 5.86% and pay interest at a rate of LIBOR less 12.5 basis points for the last three years of the swap term. All of these swaptions were initially designated as fair value hedges and the Bank expected a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair values of the swaptions and changes in the fair value of the Five Year CDs. On December 14, 2005, the Company terminated the $85.6 million of interest rate swaptions related to the Five Year CDs. The Company paid $724,000 to terminate these swaptions as of December 14, 2005. From the inception of the swaptions on January 18, 2005, to the termination of the swaptions on December 14, 2005, the cumulative decrease in fair value of $299,000 has been charged to other income in 2005. For the year ended December 31, 2005, interest expense on certificates of deposit was increased by $136,000 as a result of these interest rate swaps.

 

In April 2005, the Bank took in a total of $8.9 million in one year certificates of deposit that pay a minimum interest of 0.5% plus additional interest tied to 60% of the appreciation of four foreign currencies against the US dollar. Under SFAS No. 133, a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes in exchange rates is a hybrid instrument with an embedded derivative that must be accounted for separately from the host contract (i.e. the certificate of deposit). The fair value of the embedded derivative at December 31, 2005, was $65,000 and is included in interest-bearing deposits in the consolidated balance sheet. The Bank purchased two currency options with a fair value at December 31, 2005, of $59,000 to manage its exposure to the appreciation of two of these foreign currencies. The net impact on the consolidated statement of income related to these currency linked certificates of deposit was a decrease to pre-tax income of $56,000 in 2005. These foreign currency linked certificates of deposits matured in April 2006. The related embedded derivative also expired at the same time. The net impact on the consolidated statement of income related to these currency linked certificates of deposit was a decrease to pre-tax income of $82,000 in 2006.

 

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In April 2006, the Bank took in a total of $4.1 million in six month certificates of deposit that pay a minimum interest of 1.0% plus additional interest tied to 60% of the appreciation of a foreign currency against the US dollar. Under SFAS No. 133, a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes in exchange rates is a hybrid instrument with an embedded derivative that must be accounted for separately from the host contract (i.e. the certificate of deposit). The net impact on the consolidated statement of income related to these currency linked certificates of deposit was a pre-tax expense of $115,000 in 2006.

 

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

 

For financial statements, see “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” on page F-1.

 

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

 

Not Applicable.

 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

The Bancorp’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Bancorp’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Bancorp’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Bancorp in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Bancorp in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Bancorp’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

There were no significant changes in the Bancorp’s internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date the principal executive officer and principal financial officer completed their evaluation.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

The management of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

As of December 31, 2006, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Company assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria for effective internal control

 

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over financial reporting established in “Internal Control — Integrated Framework,” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on the assessment, management determined that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on those criteria.

 

KPMG LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006. The report, which expresses unqualified opinions on management’s assessment and on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is included in this Item under the heading “Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially effect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Cathay General Bancorp:

 

We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Cathay General Bancorp (the Company) maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, management’s assessment that Cathay General Bancorp maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in

 

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stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006 and our report dated February 28, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

 

/s/ KPMG LLP

 

Los Angeles, California

February 28, 2007

 

Item 9B. Other Information.

 

None.

 

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PART III

 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

 

The information required by this item concerning our executive officers, directors, compliance with Section 16 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer, and matters relating to corporate governance is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the captions “Election of Directors,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” “The Board of Directors” and “Code of Ethics” in our Definitive Proxy Statement relating to our 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”).

 

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

 

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the captions “The Board of Directors—Compensation of Directors” and “Executive Compensation” in our Proxy Statement.

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

 

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

 

The following table sets forth certain information as of December 31, 2006, with respect to compensation plans under which equity securities of the Company were authorized for issuance.

 

Plan Category


  

Number of
Securities to be
Issued Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants,
and Rights (1)

(a)


  

Weighted-average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants, and
Rights

(b)


  

Number of Securities
Remaining Available For
Future Issuance Under
Equity Compensation Plans
[Excluding Securities
Reflected in Column (a)]

(c)


Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders

   4,783,027    $ 28.09    2,229,059

Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Security Holders

   —      $ —      —  
    
  

  

Total

   4,783,027    $ 28.09    2,229,059
    
  

  

((1) Includes options granted under the GBC Bancorp 1999 Employee Stock Incentive Plan (the “GBC Bancorp Plan”). On October 20, 2003, pursuant to the terms of its merger with GBC Bancorp, the Company assumed an obligation to issue up to 1,416,520 shares of the Company’s common stock for outstanding options under the GBC Bancorp Plan. As of December 31, 2006, options on 499,886 shares remain outstanding under the GBC Bancorp Plan. No further grants will be made under the GBC Bancorp Plan.

 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

 

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in our Proxy Statement.

 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

 

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the caption “Transactions with Related Persons, Promoters and Certain Control Persons” in our Proxy Statement.

 

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

 

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the caption “Professional Services Provided by Independent Auditors” in our Proxy Statement.

 

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PART IV

 

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

 

Documents Filed as Part of this Report

 

(a)(1) Financial Statements

 

See “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” on page F-1.

 

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

 

Schedules have been omitted since they are not applicable, they are not required, or the information required to be set forth in the schedules is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

 

(b) Exhibits

 

    3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

    3.1.1 Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

    3.2 Restated Bylaws. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

    3.2.1 Amendment to Restated Bylaws. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

    3.3 Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock.

 

    4.1 Rights Agreement. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A on December 20, 2000, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  10.1 Form of Indemnity Agreements between the Bancorp and its directors and certain officers.

 

  10.2 Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan effective January 1, 1997.

 

  10.2.1 Amendment No. 1 effective January 1, 2002 to the Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  10.2.2 Amendment No. 2 effective January 1, 2004 to the Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  10.2.3 Amendment No. 3 effective January 1, 2003 to the Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

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  10.2.4 Amendment No. 4 effective October 20, 2003 and June 17, 2004 to the Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  10.3 Dividend Reinvestment Plan of the Bancorp. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Registration Statement No. 33-33767 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  10.4 Equity Incentive Plan of the Bancorp effective February 19, 1998. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  10.4.1 First Amendment to Cathay Bancorp, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  10.5 GBC Bancorp 1999 Employee Stock Incentive Plan.*

 

  10.6 Cathay Bank Bonus Deferral Agreement. Previously filed with Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and incorporated herein by this reference.*

 

  10.7 Cathay General Bancorp 2005 Incentive Plan. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 2005, as an appendix to the Bancorp’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A and incorporated herein by this reference.*

 

  10.8 Form of Cathay General Bancorp 2005 Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Agreement. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 25, 2006, as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by this reference.*

 

  10.9 Form of Cathay General Bancorp 2005 Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement (Nonstatutory). Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 25, 2006, as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by this reference.*

 

  10.10 Change of Control Employment Agreement for Dunson K. Cheng. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  10.11 Change of Control Employment Agreement for Peter Wu. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  10.12 Change of Control Employment Agreement for Anthony M. Tang. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006 ,and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  10.13 Change of Control Employment Agreement for Heng W. Chen. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  10.14 Change of Control Employment Agreement for Irwin Wong. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  10.15 Change of Control Employment Agreement for Kim Bingham. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

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  10.16 Change of Control Employment Agreement for Perry P. Oei. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.*

 

  21.1 Subsidiaries of the Bancorp.

 

  23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Accounting Firm.

 

  24.1 Power of Attorney (included on the signature page).

 

  31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

  31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

  32.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

  32.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

Cathay General Bancorp
By:   /s/    DUNSON K. CHENG         
   

Dunson K. Cheng

Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

 

Date: February 28, 2007

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Dunson K. Cheng and Heng W. Chen, jointly and severally, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/    DUNSON K. CHENG        


Dunson K. Cheng

  

President, Chairman of the Board, Director, and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)

  February 28, 2007

/s/    HENG W. CHEN        


Heng W. Chen

  

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer (principal financial officer) (principal accounting officer)

  February 28, 2007

/s/    PETER WU        


Peter Wu

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    ANTHONY M. TANG        


Anthony M. Tang

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    KELLY L. CHAN        


Kelly L. Chan

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    MICHAEL M.Y. CHANG        


Michael M.Y. Chang

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    THOMAS C.T. CHIU        


Thomas C.T. Chiu

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

 

 

 

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Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/    NELSON CHUNG        


Nelson Chung

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    PATRICK S.D. LEE        


Patrick S.D. Lee

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    TING LIU        


Ting Liu

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    JOSEPH C.H. POON        


Joseph C.H. Poon

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    THOMAS G. TARTAGLIA        


Thomas G. Tartaglia

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

 

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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

     Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2006 and 2005

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for each of the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004

  

F-4

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for each of the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004

  

F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004

  

F-6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-8

Parent-only condensed financial information of Cathay General Bancorp is included in Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K

  

F-46

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Cathay General Bancorp:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Cathay General Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 28, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion on management’s assessment of, and the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Los Angeles, California

February 28, 2007

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

     As of December 31,  
     2006     2005  
     (In thousands, except
share and per share data)
 
ASSETS             

Cash and due from banks

   $ 114,798     $ 109,275  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

     18,000       —    
                

Cash and cash equivalents

     132,798       109,275  

Short-term investments

     16,379       —    

Securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $1,543,667 in 2006 and $1,240,308 in 2005)

     1,522,223       1,217,438  

Trading securities

     5,309       —    

Loans

     5,747,546       4,647,815  

Less: Allowance for loan losses

     (64,689 )     (60,251 )

Unamortized deferred loan fees

     (11,984 )     (12,733 )
                

Loans, net

     5,670,873       4,574,831  

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

     34,348       29,698  

Other real estate owned, net

     5,259       —    

Investments in affordable housing partnerships, net

     87,289       80,211  

Premises and equipment, net

     72,934       30,290  

Customers’ liability on acceptances

     27,040       16,153  

Accrued interest receivable

     39,267       24,767  

Goodwill

     316,752       239,527  

Other intangible assets

     42,987       41,508  

Other assets

     53,050       33,805  
                

Total assets

   $ 8,026,508     $ 6,397,503  
                
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY             

Deposits

    

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits

   $ 781,492     $ 726,722  

Interest-bearing accounts:

    

NOW accounts

     239,589       240,885  

Money market accounts

     657,689       523,076  

Saving accounts

     358,827       364,793  

Time deposits under $100,000

     1,007,637       641,411  

Time deposits of $100,000 or more

     2,630,072       2,419,463  
                

Total deposits

     5,675,306       4,916,350  

Federal funds purchased

     50,000       119,000  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     400,000       200,000  

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank

     714,680       215,000  

Other borrowings from financial institutions

     10,000       20,000  

Other borrowings for affordable housing investments

     19,981       20,507  

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiary

     8,500       8,500  

Long-term debt

     104,125       53,976  

Acceptances outstanding

     27,040       16,153  

Other liabilities

     73,802       54,400  
                

Total liabilities .

     7,083,434       5,623,886  

Commitments and contingencies

     —         —    

Stockholders’ equity

    

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued

     —         —    

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 53,309,317 issued and

    

51,930,955 outstanding in 2006, and 51,569,451 issued and 50,191,089 outstanding in 2005

     533       516  

Additional paid-in-capital

     467,591       398,121  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net

     (12,428 )     (13,254 )

Retained earnings

     520,689       421,545  

Treasury stock, at cost (1,378,362 shares in 2006 and in 2005)

     (33,311 )     (33,311 )
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     943,074       773,617  
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 8,026,508     $ 6,397,503  
                

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
      2006    2005     2004  
    

(In thousands, except share

and per share data)

 

INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME

       

Loan receivable

   $ 419,454    $ 285,108     $ 200,109  

Investment securities- taxable

     66,071      59,584       69,402  

Investment securities- nontaxable

     2,730      3,689       3,811  

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

     1,594      965       1,016  

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell

     195      237       104  

Deposits with banks

     380      368       151  

Agency Preferred stock

     1,094      710       386  
                       

Total interest and dividend income

     491,518      350,661       274,979  

INTEREST EXPENSE

       

Time deposits of $100,000 or more

     104,328      60,477       32,280  

Other deposits

     55,763      32,131       17,555  

Interest on securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     15,683      626       851  

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank

     27,475      11,532       6,695  

Long-term debt

     5,363      3,533       2,466  

Short-term borrowings

     3,623      1,980       315  
                       

Total interest expense

     212,235      110,279       60,162  
                       

Net interest income before provision for loan losses

     279,283      240,382       214,817  

Provision/(reversal) for loan losses

     2,000      (500 )     —    
                       

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

     277,283      240,882       214,817  
                       

NON-INTEREST INCOME

       

Securities gains/(losses)

     201      1,473       (3,979 )

Letters of credit commissions

     5,409      4,191       4,741  

Depository service fees

     4,799      5,627       6,446  

Gains on sale of premises and equipment

     —        958       24  

Other operating income

     11,055      10,237       9,033  
                       

Total non-interest income

     21,464      22,486       16,265  
                       

NON-INTEREST EXPENSE

       

Salaries and employee benefits

     62,500      52,571       49,149  

Occupancy expense

     10,118      8,841       8,093  

Computer and equipment expense

     7,876      7,003       7,020  

Professional services expense

     7,284      7,695       6,671  

FDIC and State assessments

     1,017      997       1,032  

Marketing expense

     3,459      2,488       2,474  

Other real estate owned (income)

     596      (46 )     292  

Operations of investments in affordable housing

     5,377      4,042       2,900  

Amortization of core deposit premium

     6,529      5,954       5,333  

Other operating expense

     9,162      7,342       7,696  
                       

Total non-interest expense

     113,918      96,887       90,660  
                       

Income before income tax expense

     184,829      166,481       140,422  

Income tax expense

     67,259      62,390       53,609  
                       

Net income

     117,570      104,091       86,813  
                       

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

       

Unrealized holding gains/(losses) arising during the year

     1,042      (15,836 )     (6,821 )

Unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives

     —        (120 )     (525 )

Less: reclassification adjustments deducted from/(included in) net income

     216      925       (1,529 )
                       

Total other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax

     826      (16,881 )     (5,817 )
                       

Total comprehensive income

   $ 118,396    $ 87,210     $ 80,996  
                       

Net income per common share

       

Basic

   $ 2.29    $ 2.07     $ 1.74  

Diluted

   $ 2.27    $ 2.05     $ 1.72  

Basic average common shares outstanding

     51,234,596      50,373,076       49,869,271  

Diluted average common shares outstanding

     51,804,495      50,821,093       50,480,154  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004

(In thousands, except number of shares)

 

     Common Stock   

Additional

Paid-in

Capital

  

Accumulated

Other

Comprehensive

Income

   

Retained

Earnings

   

Treasury

Stock

   

Total

Stockholders’

Equity

 
    

Number of

Shares

   

Amount

           

Balance at December 31, 2003

   49,608,182     $ 503    $ 354,438    $ 9,444     $ 263,721     ($ 8,810 )   $ 619,296  
                                                    

Issuances of common stock— Dividend Reinvestment Plan

   95,098       1      3,018      —         —         —         3,019  

Stock options exercised

   974,616       9      15,989      —         —         —         15,998  

Tax benefits from stock plans

   —         —        8,578      —         —         —         8,578  

Stock-based compensation expense

   —         —        3,032      —           —         3,032  

Cash dividends of $0.300 per share

   —         —        —        —         (14,926 )     —         (14,926 )

Change in other comprehensive income

   —         —        —        (5,817 )     —         —         (5,817 )

Net income

   —         —        —        —         86,813       —         86,813  
                                                    

Balance at December 31, 2004

   50,677,896       513      385,055      3,627       335,608       (8,810 )     715,993  
                                                    

Issuances of common stock— Dividend Reinvestment Plan

   93,947       1      3,038      —         —         —         3,039  

Stock options exercised

   157,788       2      2,428      —         —         —         2,430  

Tax benefits from stock plans

   —         —        783      —         —         —         783  

Stock-based compensation expense

   —         —        6,817      —         —         —         6,817  

Purchases of treasury stock

   (738,542 )               (24,501 )     (24,501 )

Cash dividends of $0.360 per share

   —         —        —        —         (18,154 )     —         (18,154 )

Change in other comprehensive income

   —         —        —        (16,881 )     —         —         (16,881 )

Net income

   —         —        —        —         104,091       —         104,091  
                                                    

Balance at December 31, 2005

   50,191,089       516      398,121      (13,254 )     421,545       (33,311 )     773,617  
                                                    

Issuances of common stock— Dividend Reinvestment Plan

   75,003       1      2,621      —         —         —         2,622  

Stock options exercised

   162,534       1      3,301      —         —         —         3,302  

Restricted stock awarded

   30,000       —        —        —         —         —         —    

Tax benefits from stock plans

   —         —        777      —         —         —         777  

Stock-based compensation expense

   —         —        7,637      —         —         —         7,637  

Issuance of common stock for acquisitions

   1,472,329       15      55,134      —         —         —         55,149  

Cash dividends of $0.360 per share

   —         —        —        —         (18,426 )     —         (18,426 )

Change in other comprehensive income

   —         —        —        826       —         —         826  

Net income

   —         —        —        —         117,570       —         117,570  
                                                    

Balance at December 31, 2006

   51,930,955     $ 533    $ 467,591    $ (12,428 )   $ 520,689     $ (33,311 )   $ 943,074  
                                                    

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

      

Net income

   $ 117,570     $ 104,091     $ 86,813  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Provision/(reversal) for loan losses

     2,000       (500 )     —    

Provision for losses on other real estate owned

     283       —         400  

Deferred tax benefit

     (2,491 )     (2,010 )     (1,111 )

Depreciation

     3,763       3,043       3,426  

Net gains on sale of other real estate owned

     (31 )     (155 )     —    

Net gains on sale of loans

     (240 )     (501 )     (801 )

Proceeds from sale of loans

     4,715       7,019       11,405  

Originations of loans held for sale

     (4,383 )     (6,440 )     (9,684 )

Purchase of trading securities

     (5,242 )     —         —    

Write-down on venture capital investments

     1,164       1,444       1,191  

Write-down on impaired securities

     35       142       5,500  

Gain on sales and calls of securities

     (250 )     (3,059 )     (2,138 )

Other non-cash interest

     1,002       1,246       (1,312 )

Amortization of security premiums, net

     3,207       6,029       8,085  

Amortization of other intangibles assets

     6,647       6,095       5,412  

Excess tax benefits from stock options

     (777 )     783       8,578  

Stock based compensation expense

     7,637       6,817       3,032  

Gains on sale of premises and equipment

     —         (958 )     (24 )

Increase in deferred loan fees, net

     149       1,089       782  

(Increase)/decrease in accrued interest receivable

     (12,397 )     (3,055 )     (159 )

Decrease/(increase) in other assets, net

     (772 )     11,515       (8,681 )

Increase/(decrease) in other liabilities

     5,054       (18,616 )     9,163  
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities .

     126,643       114,019       119,877  

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

      

Increase in short-term investment

     (16,379 )     —         —    

Purchase of investment securities available-for-sale

     (577,684 )     (9,162 )     (82,508 )

Proceeds from maturity and call of investment securities available-for-sale

     204,521       14,683       176,254  

Proceeds from sale of investment securities available-for-sale

     5,407       51,701       37,189  

Purchase of mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale

     (39,119 )     —         (696,012 )

Proceeds from repayment and sale of mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale

     159,517       489,140       432,934  

Exercise of warrants to acquire common stock

     (2,209 )     —         —    

Proceeds from sale of common stock acquired from exercise of warrants

     3,679       —         —    

Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

     (5,312 )     (3,102 )     (840 )

Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

     3,367       646       1,513  

Net increase in loans

     (774,295 )     (820,222 )     (529,415 )

Purchase of premises and equipment

     (18,208 )     (5,417 )     (3,732 )

Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment

     —         2,841       —    

Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned

     331       1,124       —    

Net increase in investment in affordable housing

     (10,290 )     (14,958 )     (8,896 )

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

     (31,250 )     (87 )     (7,318 )
                        

Net cash used in investing activities

     (1,097,924 )     (292,813 )     (680,831 )
                        

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

      

Net (decrease)/increase in demand deposits, NOW accounts, money market and saving deposits

     (40,104 )     (79,649 )     (60,824 )

Net increase/(decrease) in time deposits

     390,573       400,895       229,413  

Net increase in federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase

     123,000       228,000       8,500  

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

     2,937,230       1,317,050       1,575,000  

Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

     (2,442,050 )     (1,647,050 )     (1,287,000 )

Cash dividends

     (18,426 )     (18,154 )     (14,926 )

(Repurchase)/issuance of preferred stock of subsidiary

     —         (124 )     4,208  

Issuance of long-term debt

     50,000       —         —    

Proceeds from other borrowings ..

     15,000       20,000       —    

Repayment of other borrowings

     (27,120 )     —         (20,000 )

Proceeds from shares issued to Dividend Reinvestment Plan

     2,622       3,039       3,019  

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     3,302       2,430       15,998  

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

     777       —         —    

Purchase of treasury stock

     —         (24,501 )     —    
                        

Net cash provided by financing activities

     994,804       201,936       453,388  
                        

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     23,523       23,142       (107,566 )

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year

     109,275       86,133       193,699  
                        

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year

   $ 132,798     $ 109,275     $ 86,133  
                        

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—(Continued)

 

 
     Year Ended December 31,  
     2006    2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

       

Cash paid during the year for:

       

Interest

   $ 197,680    $ 107,407     $ 62,945  

Income taxes

   $ 71,223    $ 82,300     $ 41,618  

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

       

Net change in unrealized holding gain on securities available-for-sale, net of tax

   $ 826    $ (16,761 )   $ (5,292 )

Net change in unrealized gains on cash flow hedge derivatives, net of tax

   $ —      $ (120 )   $ (525 )

Transfers to other real estate owned

   $ 4,071    $ 969     $ —    

Fair value of common stock issued

   $ 55,149    $ —       $ —    

Supplemental Disclosure for Acquisitions:

       

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment

   $ 37,942    $ —       $ —    

Securities available-for-sale ..

     73,166      —         —    

Loans, net

     329,002      —         —    

Premises and equipment

     28,199      —         —    

Goodwill

     77,226      —         —    

Core deposit intangibles

     8,071      —         —    

Other assets

     10,645      —         —    
                       

Total assets acquired

   $ 564,251    $ —       $ —    
                       

Deposits

     408,487      —         —    

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

     4,500      —         —    

Other liabilities

     26,923      —         —    
                       

Total liabilities assumed

   $ 439,910    $ —       $ —    
                       

Net assets acquired

   $ 124,341    $ —       $ —    
                       

Cash paid

   $ 69,192    $ 87     $ 7,318  

Fair value of common stock issued

     55,149      —         —    
                       

Total consideration paid

   $ 124,341    $ 87     $ 7,318  
                       

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cathay General Bancorp (the “Bancorp”), a Delaware corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Cathay Bank (the “Bank”), a California state-chartered bank, five limited partnerships investing in affordable housing projects, and GBC Venture Capital, Inc. (together, the “Company”). All significant inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and general practices within the banking industry.

Organization and Background. The business activities of the Bancorp consist primarily of the operations of the Bank, which owns 100% of the common stock of the following subsidiaries: Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust, Cathay Investment Company, GBC Investment & Consulting Company, Inc., GBC Real Estate Investments, Inc., Cathay Trade Services, Asia Limited, GB Capital Trust II, Cathay Community Development Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, Cathay New Asia Community Development Corporation.

There are limited operating business activities currently at the Bancorp. The Bank is a commercial bank, servicing primarily the individuals, professionals, and small to medium-sized businesses in the local markets in which its branches are located. Its operations include the acceptance of checking, savings, and time deposits, and the making of commercial, real estate, and consumer loans. The Bank also offers trade financing, letters of credit, wire transfer, foreign currency spot and forward contracts, Internet banking, investment services, and other customary banking services to its customers. As of December 31, 2006, the Bank does not have any foreign branches or lending officers in its foreign locations.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management of the Company to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The most significant estimate subject to change relates to the allowance for loan losses. The following are descriptions of the more significant of these policies.

Allowance for Loan Losses. Management believes the allowance for loan losses is being maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for estimable and probable losses. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are made by charges to operating expense in the form of a provision for loan losses. All loans judged to be un-collectible are charged against the allowance while any recoveries are credited to the allowance for loan losses.

The allowance for loan losses includes allowance allocations calculated in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” as amended by SFAS 118, and allowance allocations calculated in accordance with SFAS 5, “Accounting for Contingencies.” Management monitors changes in lending policies and procedures, changes in economic and business conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans, changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management, changes in the volume and severity of past due, nonaccrual and adversely classified or graded loans, changes in the quality of the loan review system, changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and the effect of competition, legal and regulatory requirements and other external factors. Management also closely reviews its past, present and expected overall net loan losses in comparison to the existing level of the allowance. In addition, the Bank’s regulators, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Bank’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Bank to make additions to its allowance for loan losses

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

based on the judgments of the information available to them at the time of their examination. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Bank’s control, including the performance of the Bank’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates, and the view of the regulatory agencies toward loan classifications.

Securities. Securities are classified as held-to-maturity when management has the ability and intent to hold these securities until maturity. Securities are classified as available-for-sale when management intends to hold the securities for an indefinite period of time, or when the securities may be utilized for tactical asset/liability purposes, and may be sold from time to time to manage interest rate exposure and resultant prepayment risk and liquidity needs. Securities are classified as trading securities when management intends to sell the securities in the near term. Securities purchased are designated as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale, or trading securities at the time of acquisition.

Securities held-to-maturity are stated at cost, adjusted for the amortization of premiums and the accretion of discounts on a level-yield basis. The carrying value of these assets is not adjusted for temporary declines in fair value since the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Securities available-for-sale are carried at fair value, and any unrealized holding gains or losses are excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of tax, in accumulated other comprehensive income until realized. Realized gains or losses are determined on the specific identification method. Premium and discounts are amortized or accreted as adjustment of yield on a level-yield basis.

Declines in the fair value of available-for-sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers, among other things, (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (iii) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. The new cost basis is not changed for subsequent recoveries in fair value.

Trading securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in income.

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) Stock. As a member of the FHLB system the Bank is required to maintain an investment in the capital stock of the FHLB. The amount of investment is also affected by the outstanding advances under the line of credit the Bank maintains with the FHLB. FHLB stock is carried at cost and is pledged as collateral to the FHLB. The carrying amount of the FHLB stock at December 31, 2006, was $34.3 million compared to $29.7 million at December 31, 2005. As of December 31, 2006, 335,900 FHLB stock shares were the minimum stock requirement based on outstanding FHLB borrowings of $714.7 million. As of December 31, 2006, the Company owned 343,476 shares of FHLB stock.

Loans. Loans are carried at amounts advanced, less principal payments collected and net deferred loan fees. Interest is accrued and earned daily on an actual or 360-day basis. Interest accruals on business loans and non-residential real estate loans are generally discontinued whenever the payment of interest or principal is 90 days or more past due, based on contractual terms. Such loans are placed on non-accrual status, unless the loan is well secured, and there is a high probability of recovery in full, as determined by management. When loans are placed on a non-accrual status, any current year unpaid accrued interest is reversed against current income and any unpaid accrued interest from prior year is reversed against the allowance for loan losses, and interest is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash is received. The loan is generally returned to accrual status when the borrower has brought the past due principal and interest payments current and, in the opinion of management, the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled. A non accrual loan may also be returned to accrual status if all principal and interest contractually due

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period and there has been a sustained period of payment performance. Loan origination fees and commitment fees, offset by certain direct loan origination costs, are deferred and recognized over the contractual life of the loan as a yield adjustment. The amortization utilizes the interest method. If a loan is placed on non-accrual status, the amortization of the loan fees and the accretion of discounts are discontinued until such time when the loan is returned to accruing status.

Loans Acquired Through Transfer. Loans acquired through the completion of a transfer, including loans acquired in a business combination, that have evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it is probable, at acquisition, that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payment receivable are initially recorded at fair value (as determined by the present value of expected future cash flows) with no valuation allowance. The difference between the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the loan, or the “accretable yield,” is recognized as interest income on a level-yield method over the life of the loan. Contractually required payments for interest and principal that exceed the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition, or the “nonaccretable difference,” are not recognized as a yield adjustment or as a loss accrual or a valuation allowance. Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the initial investment are recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the loan over its remaining life. Decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment. Valuation allowance on these impaired loans reflect only losses incurred after the acquisition.

Impaired Loans. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due (i.e. both principal and interest) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The measurement of impairment may be based on (1) the present value of the expected future cash flows of the impaired loan discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate, (2) the observable market price of the impaired loan or (3) the fair value of the collateral of a collateral-dependent loan. The amount by which the recorded investment in the loan exceeds the measure of the impaired loan is recognized by recording a valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses. The Company stratifies its loan portfolio by size and treats smaller performing loans with an outstanding balance less than the Company’s defined criteria, generally the loan amount less than $100,000, as a homogenous portfolio. Once a loan has been identified as a possible problem loan, the Company conducts a periodic review of each loan in order to test for impairment. The Company recognizes interest income on impaired loans based on its existing method of recognizing interest income on non-accrual loans.

Letter of Credit Fees. Issuance and commitment fees received for the issuance of commercial or standby letters of credit are recognized over the term of the instruments.

Premises and Equipment. Premises and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives of the assets:

 

Type

  

Estimated Useful Life

Buildings

   15 to 45 years

Building improvements

   5 to 20 years

Furniture, fixtures, and equipment

   3 to 25 years

Leasehold improvements

   Shorter of useful lives or the terms of the leases

Improvements are capitalized and amortized to occupancy expense based on the above table.

Other Real Estate Owned. Real estate acquired in the settlement of loans is initially recorded and subsequently is carried at fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Specific valuation allowances on other real estate

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

owned are recorded through charges to operations to recognize declines in fair value subsequent to foreclosure. Gains on sales are recognized when certain criteria relating to the buyer’s initial and continuing investment in the property are met.

Investments in Affordable Housing. The Company is a limited partner in limited partnerships that invest in low-income housing projects that qualify for Federal and/or State income tax credits. As of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, five of the limited partnerships in which the Company has an equity interest were determined to be variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company therefore consolidated the financial statements of these five limited partnerships into its consolidated financial statements. As further discussed in Note 7, the partnership interests are accounted for utilizing the equity method of accounting except for the five limited partnership that are consolidated by the Company.

Goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142. SFAS No. 142 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.”

Core Deposit Premium. Core deposit premium, which represents the purchase price over the fair value of the deposits acquired from other financial institutions, is amortized over its estimated useful life to its residual value in proportion to the economic benefits consumed. If a pattern of consumption cannot be reliably determined, then straight-line amortization is used. The Company assesses the recoverability of this intangible asset by determining whether the amortization of the premium balance over its remaining life can be recovered through the remaining deposit portfolio and amortizes core deposit premium over its estimated useful life.

At December 31, 2006, the unamortized balance of core deposit premium was $42.7 million, which was net of accumulated amortization of $18.3 million. Aggregate amortization expense for core deposit premium was $6.5 million for year 2006, $6.0 million for year 2005, and $5.3 million for year 2004. As of December 31, 2005, the unamortized balance of the core deposit premium was $41.1 million, which was net of accumulated amortization of $11.9 million. At December 31, 2006, the estimated aggregate amortization of core deposit premiums annually through 2011 is $7.0 million for 2007, $6.8 million for 2008, $6.6 million for 2009, $5.9 million for 2010, and $5.8 million for 2011.

Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements. The Company sells certain securities under agreements to repurchase. The agreements are treated as collateralized financing transactions and the obligations to repurchase securities sold are reflected as a liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The securities underlying the agreements remain in the applicable asset accounts.

Stock-Based Compensation. In 2003, the Company adopted prospectively the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended by FASB Statement No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 123,” and began recognizing the expense associated with stock options granted during 2003 using the fair value method.

On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted revised SFAS No. 123R on a modified prospective basis and recorded in the first quarter of 2006 additional compensation expense of $36,000 for unvested stock options granted before January 1, 2003, based on the estimated fair value of all awards granted to employees before

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

January 1, 2003. In addition, SFAS No. 123R requires an entity to recognize compensation expense based on an estimate of the number of awards expected to actually vest, exclusive of awards expected to be forfeited. The Company estimated forfeitures to be 8% when it adopted SFAS 123R in the first quarter of 2006. As of December 31, 2006, the Company updated its estimate forfeitures to reflect optionee turnover during 2006 and revised the estimated forfeiture to a weighted rate of 14%. During 2003 through 2005, the Company recognized forfeitures as they occurred in accordance with SFAS 123. The $138,000 cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle as of January 1, 2006 was recorded as a reduction of compensation expense in the Company’s consolidated statement of income.

Stock-based compensation expense for stock options is calculated based on the fair value of the award at the grant date for those options expected to vest, and is recognized as an expense over the vesting period of the grant using the straight-line method. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the value of granted options. This model takes into account the option exercise price, the expected life, the current price of the underlying stock, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock, expected dividends on the stock and a risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the expected volatility based on the Company’s historical stock prices for the period corresponding to the expected life of the stock options. Option compensation expense totaled $7.3 million in 2006, $6.8 million in 2005, and $3.0 million in 2004. Stock-based compensation is recognized ratably over the requisite service period for all awards. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options totaled $20.5 million at December 31, 2006 and is expected to be recognized over the next 3.2 years.

The weighted average per share fair value of the options granted was $13.46 during 2006, $12.83 during 2005, and $6.85 during 2004 on the date of grant. For options granted during 2006 and 2005, the Company has estimated the expected life of the options to be 6.5 years based on the average of the contractual period and the vesting period. Prior to 2005, the Company estimated the expected life of the options to be four years. Fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

 

     2006     2005     2004  

Expected life — number of years

   6.5     6.2     4.0  

Risk-free interest rate

   4.39 %   4.00 %   2.76 %

Volatility

   33.17 %   34.40 %   27.27 %

Dividend yield

   1.20 %   1.20 %   0.97 %

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

If the compensation cost for all awards granted under the Company’s stock option plan had been determined using the fair value method of SFAS No. 123R, “Shared-Based Payment”, prior to January 1, 2006, the Company’s net income and earnings per share for the periods presented would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated in the table below.

 

     2005     2004  

Net income

    

As reported

   $ 104,091     $ 86,813  

Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects

     3,953       1,757  

Deduct: Total stock based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects

     (4,200 )     (2,046 )
                

Pro forma net income

   $ 103,844     $ 86,524  
                

Earnings per share:

    

Basic — as reported

   $ 2.07     $ 1.74  

Basic — pro forma

     2.06       1.74  

Diluted — as reported

     2.05       1.72  

Diluted — pro forma

     2.04       1.71  

Stock Splits. Earnings per share, dividends per share and average shares outstanding have been restated for all periods presented to reflect the two-for-one stock splits effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend that was distributed on September 28, 2004, to stockholders of record on September 13, 2004. The par value of additional shares was capitalized by a transfer from retained earnings to common stock.

Derivative Financial Instruments. It is the policy of the Company not to speculate on the future direction of interest rates. However, the Company enters into financial derivatives in order to seek mitigation of exposure to interest rate risks related to its interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Company believes that these transactions, when properly structured and managed, may provide a hedge against inherent interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities and against risk in specific transactions. In such instances, the Company may protect its position through the purchase or sale of interest rate futures contracts for a specific cash or interest rate risk position. Other hedge transactions may be implemented using interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, floors, financial futures, forward rate agreements, and options on futures or bonds. Prior to considering any hedging activities, the Company seeks to analyze the costs and benefits of the hedge in comparison to other viable alternative strategies. All hedges require an assessment of basis risk and must be approved by the Bank’s Investment Committee.

The Company accounts for its derivative financial instruments using SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”), as amended. SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting and reporting standards for financial derivatives, including certain financial derivatives embedded in other contracts, and hedging activities. It requires the recognition of all financial derivatives as assets or liabilities in the Company’s statement of financial condition and measurement of those financial derivatives at fair value. The accounting treatment of changes in fair value is dependent upon whether or not a financial derivative is designated as a hedge and if so, the type of hedge.

On the date a derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the derivative as either a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (fair value hedge), a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

asset or liability (cash flow hedge), a foreign-currency fair-value or cash-flow hedge (foreign currency hedge), or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. At the inceptions of all hedging relationships, the Company formally documents the hedging relationship and its risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge, the hedging instrument, the item, the nature of the risk being hedged, how the hedging instrument’s effectiveness in offsetting the hedged risk will be assessed, and a description of the method of measuring ineffectiveness. This process includes linking all derivatives that are designated as fair-value, cash-flow, or foreign-currency hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Company also formally assesses, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items. When it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge or that it has ceased to be a highly effective hedge, the Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively.

The Company recognizes all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Fair value is based on dealer quotes or quoted prices from instruments with similar characteristics. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. For hedges designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of derivatives are reflected in current earnings, together with changes in the fair value of the related hedged item, if the fair value hedge is highly effective as a hedge. The Company has received rights to acquire stock in the form of warrants as an adjunct to its high technology lending relationships. The warrants in public companies with a cashless exercise provisions qualify as derivatives under SFAS No. 133. Those warrants that qualify as derivatives are carried at fair value and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets with the change in fair value included in current earnings.

Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes is based on income reported for financial statement purposes, and differs from the amount of taxes currently payable, since certain income and expense items are reported for financial statement purposes in different periods than those for tax reporting purposes.

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, the objective of which is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Comprehensive Income. Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income generally includes net income, foreign items, minimum pension liability adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on investments in securities available-for-sale, and cash flow hedges. Comprehensive income and its components are reported and displayed in the Company’s consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. Comprehensive income is a financial reporting concept and does not affect the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Net Income per Common Share. Earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed on a basic and diluted basis. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shares in the earnings of the Company.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Amounts and share and per share data have been adjusted to reflect the two-for-one stock split, effected in the form of a 100 percent stock dividend, effective September 28, 2004.

Reclassifications. Originations of loans held for sale has been categorized as an operating cash flow in 2006 and the amounts of $6.4 million for 2005 and $9.7 million for 2004 have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. In 2006, investments in nonpublic companies commonly referred to as venture capital limited partnership investments with carrying amount of $12.5 million at December 31, 2006 were reclassified to other assets and presented separately from securities available-for-sale in the consolidated balance sheets. The other-than-temporary write-down of $1.1 million in 2006 for the venture capital limited partnerships has been charged against other non-interest income and is presented separately from gain or loss from sale of securities.

Statement of Cash Flows. Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly-liquid investments that generally have an original maturity of three months or less.

Segment Information and Disclosures. Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America establish standards to report information about operating segments in annual financial statements and requires reporting of selected information about operating segments in interim reports to stockholders. It also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The Company has concluded it has one operating segment.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

SFAS No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, a Replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3.” SFAS 154 establishes, unless impracticable, retrospective application as the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle in the absence of explicit transition requirements specific to a newly adopted accounting principle. Previously, most changes in accounting principle were recognized by including the cumulative effect of changing to the new accounting principle in net income of the period of the change. Under SFAS 154, retrospective application requires (i) the cumulative effect of the change to the new accounting principle on periods prior to those presented to be reflected in the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities as of the beginning of the first period presented, (ii) an offsetting adjustment, if any, to be made to the opening balance of retained earnings (or other appropriate components of equity) for that period, and (iii) financial statements for each individual prior period presented to be adjusted to reflect the direct period-specific effects of applying the new accounting principle. Special retroactive application rules apply in situations where it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. Indirect effects of a change in accounting principle are required to be reported in the period in which the accounting change is made. SFAS 154 carries forward the guidance in APB Opinion 20 “Accounting Changes,” requiring justification of a change in accounting principle on the basis of preferability. SFAS 154 also carries forward without change the guidance contained in APB Opinion 20, for reporting the correction of an error in previously issued financial statements and for a change in an accounting estimate. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of SFAS 154 on January 1, 2006, did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instrument — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140.” (“SFAS 155”). SFAS 155 amends SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” and SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities.” SFAS 155 (i) permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation, (ii) clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS 133, (iii) establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation,

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

(iv) clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives, and (v) amends SFAS 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. SFAS 155 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2007, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

SFAS No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140(“SFAF 156”). SFAS 156 amends SFAS 140. “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities — a replacement of FASB Statement No. 125,” by requiring, in certain situations, an entity to recognize a servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract. All separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities are required to be initially measured at fair value. Subsequent measurement methods include the amortization method, whereby servicing assets or servicing liabilities are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income or net servicing loss or the fair value method, whereby servicing assets or servicing liabilities are measured at fair value at each reporting date and changes in fair value are reported in earnings in the period in which they occur. If the amortization method is used, an entity must assess servicing assets or servicing liabilities for impairment or increased obligation based on the fair value at each reporting date. SFAS 156 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2007, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. 115-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments.” FSP 115-1 provides guidance for determining when an investment is considered impaired, whether impairment is other-than-temporary, and measurement of an impairment loss. An investment is considered impaired if the fair value of the investment is less than its cost. If, after consideration of all available evidence to evaluate the realizable value of its investment, impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary, then an impairment loss should be recognized equal to the difference between the investment’s cost and its fair value. FSP 115-1 nullifies certain provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 03-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments,” while retaining the disclosure requirements of EITF 03-1 which were adopted in 2003. FSP 115-1 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of FSP 115-1 on January 1, 2006, did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June, 2005, the FASB approved EITF 04-5, “Investor’s Accounting for an Investment in a Limited Partnership When the Investor is the Sole General Partner and the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights”. EITF 04-5 presumes that a sole general partner in a limited partnership controls the limited partnership and, therefore, should include the limited partnership in its consolidated financial statements. The presumption of control is overcome if the limited partners have (a) the substantive ability to remove the sole general partner or otherwise dissolve the limited partnership or (b) substantive participating rights. EITF 04-5 is effective for general partners of all new limited partnerships formed and for existing limited partnerships for which the partnership agreements are modified subsequent to June 29, 2005. The guidance in EITF 04-5 is effective for general partners in all other limited partnerships no later than the beginning of the first reporting period in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of EITF 04-5 on January 1, 2006, did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48 that defines the accounting threshold for uncertain tax positions in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. The Interpretation requires that companies make the best estimate of recognized tax benefits at each reporting period based on management’s best estimate given the information available at the reporting date, even though the outcome of the tax position is not absolute or final and that subsequent recognition, derecognition, and measurement for each

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

reporting period should be based on new information. The Interpretation also requires that the measurement attribute for the amount of recognized tax benefit should be the maximum amount which is more-likely-than-not to be realized. The Interpretation is effective as of the beginning of the first annual period beginning after December 15, 2006. While the Company has not completed its analysis of the impact of Interpretation No. 48, the Company does not expect that its refund claim related to its regulated investment company will more likely than not be realized and consequently, expects to include the $7.9 million after tax amount related to its refund claim in its cumulative effect adjustment for Interpretation No. 48 as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the January 1, 2007 effective date of Interpretation No. 48.

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 requires registrants to quantify misstatements by using both the balance-sheet and income-statement approaches and to determine whether financial statement restatement is necessary. SAB 108 is effective for annual financial statements covering the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The adoption of SAB 108 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 clarifies the definition of fair value, together with a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement and requires a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Market participant assumptions include assumptions about the risk, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset, and the effect of a nonperformance risk for a liability. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not expect a material impact on its consolidated financial statements from adoption of SFAS 157.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R)” (“SFAS 158”). SFAS 158 requires a business entity that sponsors employer defined benefit plan measure plan assets and obligations as of the date of the employer’s fiscal year-end statement of financial position and recognize funded status as a component of other comprehensive income. SFAS 158 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. There will be no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements from adoption of this standard since the Company does not provide defined benefit plan or other postretirement plan to its employees.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2. Business Combinations

The Company completed in 2006 two acquisitions that have both been accounted using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities were adjusted to and recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired, if identifiable, was recorded as a premium on purchased deposits, and if not identifiable, was recorded as goodwill. The estimated tax effect of differences between tax bases and fair value has been reflected in deferred income taxes. The following table presents information on acquisitions from 2004 to 2006:

 

(In thousands)

   Great Eastern Bank    New Asia Bancorp

Acquisition Date

     April 7, 2006      October 18, 2006

Assets Acquired:

     

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment

   $ 30,475    $ 7,467

Securities available-for-sale

     61,772      11,394

Loans, net

     213,841      115,161

Premises and equipment, net

     20,348      7,851

OREO, net

     —        355

Goodwill

     66,461      10,765

Core deposit intangible

     6,566      1,505

Other assets

     7,670      2,620
             

Total assets acquired

     407,133      157,118
             

Liabilities Assumed:

     

Deposits

     294,047      114,440

Federal funds purchased

     —        8,000

Other borrowings

     —        6,620

Other liabilities

     12,113      4,690
             

Total liabilities assumed

     306,160      133,750
             

Net Assets Acquired

   $ 100,973    $   23,368
             

Cash paid

   $ 56,285    $ 12,907

Fair value of common stock issued

     44,688      10,461
             

Total consideration paid

   $ 100,973    $ 23,368
             

On April 7, 2006, the Company purchased through a tender offer 84.1% of the common stock of Great Eastern Bank (“GEB”) for cash of $40.2 million and 1,181,164 shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $44.7 million. The measurement date for the value of the shares of the Company’s common stock issued was March 31, 2006, the earliest date on which the number of shares to be issued became fixed. Following regulatory approval and a special shareholders meeting of GEB, the merger of GEB into the Bank was completed on May 15, 2006 and the remaining 15.9% of GEB’s common shares was purchased for cash of $16.1 million. The Company made this acquisition to expand its presence in New York City. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded by the Company at their fair values at April 7, 2006 when 84.1% of GEB’s stock was acquired. Because the second step of the acquisition was completed on May 15, 2006, shortly after the acquisition of 84.1% of GEB, the fair values as of April 7, 2006 were used to record both steps of the acquisition.

On October 18, 2006 the Company completed the acquisition of Chicago-based New Asia Bancorp (“NAB”) for cash of $12.9 million and 291,165 shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $10.5 million. The Company made this acquisition to expand into the Midwest.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

On November 21, 2006, the Company signed a definitive agreement to acquire United Heritage Bank, a one branch bank in Edison, New Jersey, to expand into the New Jersey market. The purchase price will be $9.4 million in cash. At December 31, 2006, United Heritage Bank had total assets of $57.5 million. The acquisition is awaiting regulatory approval and is expected to close during March 2007.

Loans acquired as part of the acquisitions that were determined to be impaired and therefore within the scope of Statement of Position (SOP) 03-3, “Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer” were recorded at their net realizable value of $2.4 million without any allocation of the allowance for loan losses. The remainder of the loan portfolio was comprised of loans not considered to be impaired and therefore excluded from the scope of SOP 03-3.

For each acquisition, we developed an integration plan for the consolidated company that addressed, among other things, requirements for staffing, systems platforms, branch locations and other facilities. The established plans are evaluated regularly during the integration process and modified as required. Merger and integration expenses are summarized in the following primary categories: (i) severance and employee-related charges; (ii) system conversion and integration costs, including contract termination charges; (iii) asset write-downs, lease termination costs for abandoned space and other facilities-related costs; and (iv) other charges. Other charges include investment banking fees, legal fees, other professional fees relating to due diligence activities and expenses associated with preparation of securities filings, as appropriate. These costs were included in the allocation of the purchase price at the acquisition date based on our formal integration plans.

The following table presents the activity in the merger-related liability account that was allocated to the purchase price:

 

(In thousands)

   Severance
and
Employee-
related
    Asset
Write-
downs
    Legal and
Professional
Fees
    Lease
Liability
    Total  

Balance at December 31, 2004

   $ —       $ —       $ —       $ 925     $ 925  

Acquisitions

     —         —         —         —         —    

Non-cash write-downs and other

     —         —         —         —         —    

Cash outlays

     —         —         —         (529 )     (529 )
                                        

Balance at December 31, 2005

   $ —       $ —       $ —       $ 396     $ 396  
                                        

Acquisitions

     1,207       130       1,404       536       3,277  

Non-cash write-downs and other

     —         (130 )     —         —         (130 )

Cash outlays

     (1,176 )     —         (1,399 )     (154 )     (2,729 )
                                        

Balance at December 31, 2006

   $ 31     $ —       $ 5     $ 778     $ 814  
                                        

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill will not be expensed over a fixed period of time, but will be tested for impairment on an annual basis. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Core deposit intangibles are amortized over their estimated useful life to their estimated residual value in proportion to the economic benefits consumed. Amortization expense for the core deposit intangible was $6.5 million for 2006, $6.0 million for 2005 and $5.3 million for 2004. Accumulated amortization was $18.3 million at December 31, 2006, and $11.9 million at December 31, 2005.

On October 20, 2003, the Company acquired GBC Bancorp, the holding company for General Bank. At the closing date of the GBC acquisition, the Company’s management determined the estimated fair values of assets

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

acquired and liabilities assumed. During 2004, goodwill was decreased due to a decrease of $1.1 million of income taxes payable upon finalization of GBC Bancorp’s tax return for 2003, decreased by $0.3 million to reflect the actual amount of severance and contract termination costs, increased by $0.4 million as a result of an adjustment to the premium assigned to fixed rate loans to reflect estimated prepayments and increased by $0.3 million to reflect the actual branches closed. The net impact of these adjustments was a reduction in goodwill of $0.7 million in 2004. During 2005, goodwill was decreased due to a $1.2 million upward adjustment to deferred tax assets, a $167,000 tax refund and a $150,000 tax adjustment related to the loan loss reserve from Liberty Bank which was acquired by GBC Bancorp. The net impact of these adjustments was a reduction in goodwill of $1.5 million in 2005. In 2006, goodwill increased $77.3 million due to the acquisitions of GEB and NAB. The goodwill balance was $316.8 million as of December 2006 and $239.5 million as of December 31, 2005.

On March 31, 2006, the Bank announced an agreement to buy a 20% stake in First Sino Bank, a Shanghai-based joint venture bank, for an estimated purchase price of $52.2 million. This investment was subject to regulatory approval from the China Bank Regulatory Commission in China and Cathay Bank’s regulators in the United States and other customary closing conditions. The agreement provided that it could be terminated by either party if all conditions to closing were not fulfilled or waived prior to September 30, 2006. By mutual agreement of the parties, this closing date was extended to November 15, 2006. The parties have not further extended this closing date and the agreement can therefore be terminated by either party upon written notice.

In May 2006, the Company purchased an additional 145,000 shares of the stock of Broadway Financial Corporation (the “BFC”), which is headquartered in Los Angeles, California for $1.7 million increasing its total ownership of BFC to 13.1%. These shares have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and may not be sold, offered for sale, pledged or hypothecated in the absence of an effective registration or an applicable exemption to registration. The Company accounts for the BFC investment on the cost method due to the restricted nature of the shares and the less than 20% ownership. As of December 31, 2006, the investment in BFC totaled $2.6 million, which amount is included in other assets.

3. Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company manages its cash and cash equivalents, which consist of cash on hand, amounts due from banks, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and short-term investments with original maturity of three months or less, based upon the Company’s operating, investment, and financing activities. For the purpose of reporting cash flows, these same accounts are included in cash and cash equivalents.

The Company is required to maintain reserves with the Federal Reserve Bank. Reserve requirements are based on a percentage of deposit liabilities. The average reserve balances required were $3.5 million for 2006 and $1.9 million for 2005. At December 31, 2006, the Company maintained $14.2 million in deposits with two other banks under the terms of a loan participation agreement and such amounts are reported in short-term investments.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell are usually collateralized by U.S. government agency and mortgage-backed securities. The counter-parties to these agreements are nationally recognized investment banking firms that meet credit requirements of the Company and with whom a master repurchase agreement has been duly executed. There were no securities purchased under agreements to resell at December 31, 2006 and during 2006. The following table sets forth information with respect to securities purchased under resale agreements.

 

     2006     2005  
     (In thousands)  

Balance, December 31

   $ —       $ —    

Annualized weighted-average interest rate, December 31

     —         —    

Average amount outstanding during the year (1)

   $ —       $ 153  

Weighted-average interest rate for the year

     —   %     1.65 %

Maximum amount outstanding at any month end

   $ —       $ —    

(1) Average balance was computed using daily averages.

For those securities obtained under the resale agreements, the collateral is either held by a third party custodian or by the counter-party and is segregated under written agreements that recognize the Company’s interest in the securities. Interest income associated with securities purchased under resale agreements totaled $0 for 2006, $3,000 for 2005, and $30,000 for 2004.

The following table sets forth information with respect to federal funds sold:

 

     2006     2005  
     (In thousands)  

Balance, December 31

   $ 18,000     $ —    

Annualized weighted-average interest rate, December 31

     5.07 %     —    

Average amount outstanding during the year (1)

   $ 4,340     $ 7,851  

Weighted-average interest rate for the year

     4.49 %     2.99 %

Maximum amount outstanding at any month end

   $ 22,000     $ 18,000  

(1) Average balance were computed using daily averages.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

4. Securities

Securities Available-for-Sale. The following table reflects the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, and fair values of securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005:

 

     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair Value
     (In thousands)

2006

           

U.S. treasury securities

   $ 994    $ —      $ 1    $ 993

U.S. government sponsored entities

     364,988      67      3,556      361,499

State and municipal securities

     54,843      769      80      55,532

Mortgage-backed securities

     549,150      687      15,070      534,767

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

     20,554      —        588      19,966

Collateralized mortgage obligations

     251,997      46      6,417      245,626

Asset-backed securities

     783      —        3      780

Corporate bonds

     206,008      325      396      205,937

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

     19,350      2,660      —        22,010

Foreign corporate bonds

     75,000      126      13      75,113
                           

Total

   $ 1,543,667    $ 4,680    $ 26,124    $ 1,522,223
                           

2005

           

U.S. government sponsored entities

   $ 187,241    $ —      $ 4,365    $ 182,876

State and municipal securities

     65,207      1,359      122      66,444

Mortgage-backed securities

     621,070      842      15,009      606,903

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

     29,526      8      766      28,768

Collateralized mortgage obligations

     293,478      34      6,443      287,069

Asset-backed securities

     1,195      —        3      1,192

Corporate bonds

     7,033      18      143      6,908

Preferred stock of government sponsored entities

     19,385      1,705      —        21,090

Equity securities

     14,173      —        —        14,173

Other securities

     2,000      15      —        2,015
                           

Total

   $ 1,240,308    $ 3,981    $ 26,851    $ 1,217,438
                           

The amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2006, by contractual maturities are shown below, except for mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, and equity securities which are shown by expected maturities. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or repayment penalties.

 

     Amortized     
     Cost    Fair Value
     (In thousands)

Due in one year or less

   $ 57,308    $ 56,892

Due after one year through five years

     348,467      345,187

Due after five years through ten years

     317,927      318,479

Due after ten years (1)

     819,965      801,665
             

Total

   $ 1,543,667    $ 1,522,223
             

(1) Equity securities are reported in this category.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Proceeds from sales, calls, and repayments of securities available-for-sale were $369.4 million during 2006, $555.5 million during 2005, and $646.4 million during 2004. In 2006, gains of $259,000 and losses of $58,000 were realized on sales and calls of securities available-for-sale compared with $3.1 million in gains and $1.6 million in losses realized in 2005, and $2.1 million in gains and $6.1 million in losses realized in 2004.

Declines in the fair value of available-for-sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers, among other things, (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (iii) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. The new cost basis is not changed for subsequent recoveries in fair value.

The Company periodically evaluates its investments for other-than-temporary impairment. The Company has investments in perpetual floating rate preferred securities issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae with an aggregate par value of $25 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005. Based on an evaluation of the length of time and extent to which the market value of the Bank’s portfolio of preferred stock has been less than market and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuers, the Bank recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges of $35,000 in 2006, $115,000 in 2005, and $5.5 million in 2004 to write down the value of these securities to their market value.

The table below shows the fair value and unrealized losses as of December 31, 2006, of the temporarily impaired securities in the Company’s available-for-sale securities portfolio. The Company has the ability and intent to hold these debt securities for a period of time sufficient for a recovery of cost. Unrealized losses for securities with unrealized losses for less than twelve months represent 0.2%, and securities with unrealized losses for twelve months or more represent 2.8% of the historical cost of these securities and generally resulted from increases in interest rates from the date that these securities were purchased. All of these securities are investment grade. At December 31, 2006, management believes the impairments detailed in the table below are temporary and, accordingly, no impairment losses for these securities have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated income statements. The impairment losses described above are not included in the table below as the impairment was recorded.

Temporarily Impaired Securities at December 31, 2006

 

     Less than 12 months    12 months or longer    Total

Description of securities

   Fair Value    Unrealized
losses
   Fair Value    Unrealized
losses
   Fair Value    Unrealized
losses
     (In thousands)

U.S. Treasury securities

   $ 993    $ 1    $ —      $ —      $ 993    $ 1

U.S. government sponsored entities

     204,386      336      133,433      3,220      337,819      3,556

State and municipal securities

     3,631      29      2,349      51      5,980      80

Mortgage-backed securities

     3,305      20      465,800      15,050      469,105      15,070

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

     —        —        19,966      588      19,966      588

Collateralized mortgage obligations

     —        —        242,190      6,417      242,190      6,417

Asset-backed securities

     —        —        780      3      780      3

Corporate bonds

     50,693      308      4,919      88      55,612      396

Foreign corporate bonds

     24,988      13      —        —        24,988      13
                                         

Total

   $ 287,996    $      707    $ 869,437    $ 25,417    $ 1,157,433    $ 26,124
                                         

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The following table summarizes the number of issuances of the temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2006:

Temporarily Impaired Securities at December 31, 2006

 

Description of securities

   Less than 12 months
Number of Issuances
   12 months or longer
Number of Issuances
   Total
Number of Issuances

U.S. Treasury securities

   1    —      1

U.S. government sponsored entities

   29    10    39

State and municipal securities

   7    5    12

Mortgage-backed securities

   7    77    84

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

   —      3    3

Collateralized mortgage obligations

   —      39    39

Asset-backed securities

   —      2    2

Corporate bonds.

   3    1    4

Foreign corporate bonds

   1    —      1
              

Total

   48    137    185
              

Securities having a carrying value of $884.8 million at December 31, 2006, and $817.2 million at December 31, 2005, were pledged to secure public deposits, other borrowings, treasury tax and loan, Federal Home Loan Bank advances, and securities sold under agreements to repurchase.

5. Loans

Most of the Company’s business activity is predominately with Asian customers located in Southern and Northern California; New York City; Houston, Texas; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; and Chicago, Illinois. The Company has no specific industry concentration, and generally its loans are collateralized with real property or other pledged collateral of the borrowers. Loans are generally expected to be paid off from the operating profits of the borrowers, refinancing by another lender, or through sale by the borrowers of the secured collateral.

The components of loans in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005, were as follows:

     2006     2005  
     (In thousands)  

Type of Loans:

    

Commercial loans

   $ 1,243,756     $ 1,110,401  

Residential mortgage loans

     455,949       326,249  

Commercial mortgage loans

     3,226,658       2,590,752  

Equity lines

     118,473       105,040  

Real estate construction loans

     685,206       500,027  

Installment loans

     13,257       13,662  

Other loans

     4,247       1,684  
                

Gross loans

     5,747,546       4,647,815  
                

Less:

    

Allowance for loan losses

     (64,689 )     (60,251 )

Unamortized deferred loan fees

     (11,984 )     (12,733 )
                

Net loans

   $ 5,670,873     $ 4,574,831  
                

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

There were no loans held for sale as of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2006, all of the Company’s eligible real estate loans were pledged to the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco under its blanket lien program.

Loans serviced for others as of December 31, 2006, totaled $195.8 million and were comprised of $50.1 million of commercial loans, $85.3 million of commercial real estate loans, $58.8 million in construction loans, and $1.6 million of residential mortgages.

The Company has entered into transactions with its directors, executive officers, or principal holders of its equity securities, or the associates of such persons (“Related Parties”). Such transactions were made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with other customers. In management’s opinion, these transactions did not involve more than normal credit risk or present other unfavorable features. All loans to Related Parties were current as of December 31, 2006. An analysis of the activity with respect to loans to Related Parties is as follows:

 

     (In thousands)  

Balance at December 31, 2004

   $ 16,047  

Additional loans made

     305,196  

Payments received

     (214,810 )
        

Balance at December 31, 2005

     106,433  

Additional loans made

     128,482  

Payments received

     (168,044 )
        

Balance at December 31, 2006

   $ 66,871  
        

The allowance for loan losses is a significant estimate that can and does change based on management’s process in analyzing the loan portfolio and on management’s assumptions about specific borrowers and applicable economic and environmental conditions, among other factors. An analysis of the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended on December 31 of 2006, 2005, and 2004 is as follows:

 

     2006     2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Balance at beginning of year ..

   $ 60,251     $ 62,880     $ 65,808  

Provision/(reversal) for loan losses

     2,000       (500 )     —    

Loans charged-off

     (2,030 )     (5,215 )     (9,728 )

Recoveries of charged-off loans

     1,315       3,086       6,800  

Allowance from acquisitions

     3,153       —         —    
                        

Balance at end of year

   $ 64,689     $ 60,251     $ 62,880  
                        

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The Company had identified impaired loans with a recorded investment of approximately $22.3 million as of December, 2006, $15.8 million as of December 31, 2005, and $19.2 million as of December 31, 2004. The average balance of impaired loans was $20.5 million for 2006, $15.6 million for 2005, and $24.3 million for 2004. Interest collected on impaired loans totaled $0.9 million in 2006, $0.2 million in 2005, and $0.5 million in 2004. The Bank recognizes interest income on impaired loans based on its existing method of recognizing interest income on non-accrual loans. The following tables present impaired loans and the related allowance as of the dates indicated:

 

     At December 31,
     2006    2005
     (In thousands)

Balance of impaired loans with no allocated allowance

   $ 10,522    $ 15,676

Balance of impaired loans with an allocated allowance

     11,800      123
             

Total recorded investment in impaired loans

   $ 22,322    $ 15,799
             

Amount of the allowance allocated to impaired loans

   $ 4,310    $ 16
             

The impaired loans included in the table above comprised $14.4 million commercial loans and $7.9 million real estate loans as of December 31, 2006, and comprised $9.9 million commercial loans and $5.9 million real estate loans as of December 31, 2005.

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more were $8.0 million at December 31, 2006, $2.1 million at December 31, 2005, and $3.3 million at December 31, 2004.

The following is a summary of non-accrual loans and troubled debt restructurings as of December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 and the related net interest foregone for the years then ended:

 

     2006    2005    2004
     (In thousands)

Non-accrual Loans

   $ 22,322    $ 15,799    $ 19,211
                    

Contractual interest due

     1,851      1,308      1,692

Interest recognized

     851      157      546
                    

Net interest foregone

   $ 1,000    $ 1,151    $ 1,146
                    

Troubled Debt Restructurings

     955      3,088      1,006
                    

Contractual interest due

     100      187      101

Interest recognized

     92      149      93
                    

Net interest foregone

   $ 8    $ 38    $ 8
                    

During the fourth quarter 2006, the Company recognized $1.47 million of interest income, which is not reflected in the table above for 2006 amounts, from the full payoff of a loan that had been on nonaccrual status since 2004. As of December 31, 2006, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to those borrowers whose loans have been restructured, were considered impaired, or were on non-accrual status.

Approximately $3.0 million of loans acquired in the acquisition of Great Eastern Bank and New Asia Bank had evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and it was probable that all contractually required payments receivable would not be collected on these loans. These loans were recorded at their fair value of $2.4 million with no associated allowance for loan losses in accordance with AICPA Statement of Position (“SOP”) 03-3, “Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer.” Additional disclosures required by SOP 03-3 are not provided because the amounts are not significant.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

As of December 31, 2006, the Company has one aircraft leveraged lease in a Boeing 737, which is leased to Continental Airlines until 2012, with a book value of $5.4 million. As of December 31, 2006, the aircraft was subject to $8.9 million of third-party financing in the form of long-term debt that provides for no recourse against the Company and is secured by a first lien on the aircraft. The residual value at the end of the lease term is estimated to be $1.9 million based on an independent updated appraisal. For Federal income tax purposes, the Company has the benefit of tax deductions for depreciation on the entire leased asset and for interest paid on the long-term debt. Deferred taxes are provided to reflect the temporary differences associated with the leveraged lease.

The Company’s investment in the leveraged lease at December 31, 2006, was comprised of rentals receivable, net of the principal and interest on the non-recourse debt, of $4.0 million, estimated residual value of $1.9 million, and deferred income of $0.4 million. Total deferred tax liabilities were $6.5 million at December 31, 2006. Income recorded on the Continental Airlines leveraged lease, which is performing in accordance with its contractual terms, was zero for 2006, zero for 2005, and $4,000 for 2004. Through December 31, 2006, Continental Airlines had made all scheduled lease payments.

6. Other Real Estate Owned

As of December 31, 2006, other real estate owned consisted of five properties with a net carrying value of $5.3 million. There was no recorded balance for other real estate owned at December 31, 2005.

An analysis of the activity in the valuation allowance for other real estate losses for the years ended on December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 is as follows:

 

     2006    2005    2004  
     (In thousands)  

Balance, beginning of year

   $ —      $ —      $ 384  

Provision for losses

     283      —        400  

OREO writedown

     —        —        (784 )

OREO from acquisitions

     —        —        —    
                      

Balance, end of year

   $ 283    $ —      $ —    
                      

The following table presents the components of other real estate owned expense (income) for the year ended:

 

     2006     2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Operating expense (income)

   $ 344     $ 109     $ (108 )

Provision for losses

     283       —         400  

Net gain on disposal

     (31 )     (155 )     —    
                        

Total other real estate owned expense (income)

   $ 596     $ (46 )   $ 292  
                        

7. Investments in Affordable Housing

The Company has invested in certain limited partnerships that were formed to develop and operate housing for lower-income tenants throughout the United States. The Company’s investments in these partnerships were $87.3 million at December 31, 2006, and $80.2 million at December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, five of the limited partnerships in which the Company has an equity interest were determined to be variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The consolidation of these five limited partnerships in the Company’s consolidated financial statements increased total assets and liabilities by $21.0 million at December 31, 2006 and by $20.9 million at December 31, 2005. Other borrowings for affordable

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

housing limited partnerships were $20.0 million at December 31, 2006 and $20.5 million at December 31, 2005; recourse is limited to the assets of the limited partnerships. Unfunded commitments for affordable housing limited partnerships of $21.3 million as of December 31, 2006, and $18.8 million as of December 31, 2005 were recorded under other liabilities.

Each of the partnerships must meet regulatory requirements for affordable housing for a minimum 15-year compliance period to fully utilize the tax credits. If the partnerships cease to qualify during the compliance period, the credits may be denied for any period in which the projects are not in compliance and a portion of the credits previously taken is subject to recapture with interest. The remaining tax credits to be utilized over a multiple-year period are $61.5 million for Federal and $1.3 million for state at December 31, 2006. The Company’s usage of tax credits approximated $7.7 million in 2006, $5.2 million in 2005 and $4.0 million in 2004. For the year ended December 31, operations of investments in affordable housing resulted in pretax losses of $5.4 million for 2006, $4.0 million for 2005, and $2.9 million for 2004. Losses in excess of the Bank’s investment in two limited partnerships have not been recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements because the Company had fully satisfied all capital commitments required under the respective limited partnership agreements.

8. Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment consisted of the following at December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005:

 

     2006    2005
     (In thousands)

Land and land improvements

   $ 33,794    $ 9,950

Building and building improvements

     31,037      15,760

Furniture, fixtures and equipment

     23,393      20,324

Other

     9,644      6,452

Construction in process

     1,826      939
             
     99,694      53,425

Less: Accumulated depreciation/amortization

     26,760      23,135
             

Premises and equipment, net

   $ 72,934    $ 30,290
             

The amount of depreciation/amortization included in operating expense was $3.8 million in 2006, $3.8 million in 2005, and $3.4 million in 2004.

In 2005, $3.6 million was transferred from premises and equipment to other assets when management decided to sell a bank-owned building, land and related improvements. The $3.6 million is the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated selling costs and is recorded as other assets as of December 31, 2006 and as of December 31, 2005.

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

9. Deposits

The following table displays deposit balances as of December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005:

 

     2006
Amount
   2005
Amount
     (Dollars in thousands)

Demand ……………………………..

   $ 781,492    $ 726,722

NOW accounts …………………………………

     239,589      240,885

Money market accounts ………………………….

     657,689      523,076

Saving accounts ………………………………….

     358,827      364,793

Time deposits …………………………………….

     3,637,709      3,060,874
             

Total ……………………………………………..

   $ 5,675,306    $ 4,916,350
             

Time deposits outstanding as of December 31, 2006, mature as follows.

 

     2007    2008    2009    2010    2011    Thereafter    Total
     (In thousands)

Time deposits, $100,000 and over

   $ 2,522,606    $ 97,413    $ 9,492    $ —      $ 561    $ —      $ 2,630,072

Other time deposits

     955,545      45,534      6,285      155      101      17      1,007,637
                                                
   $ 3,478,151    $ 142,947    $ 15,777    $ 155    $ 662    $ 17    $ 3,637,709
                                                

Accrued interest payable on customer deposits was $16.7 million at December 31, 2006, and $5.8 million at December 31, 2005. The following table summarizes the interest expense on deposits by account type for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004:

 

     Year Ended December 31,
     2006    2005    2004
     (In thousands)

Interest bearing demand

   $ 2,796    $ 1,492    $ 709

Money market accounts

     16,145      7,537      4,878

Saving accounts

     3,416      1,992      1,325

Time deposits

     137,734      81,587      42,923
                    

Total

   $ 160,091    $ 92,608    $ 49,835
                    

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

10. Borrowed Funds

Federal Funds Purchased. Federal funds purchased were $50.0 million at December 31, 2006, and $119.0 million at December 31, 2005. The table below provides comparative data for Federal funds purchased:

 

     December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Average amount outstanding during the year (1)

   $ 43,407     $ 43,981     $ 18,391  

Maximum amount outstanding at month-end (2)

     75,000       119,000       76,000  

Balance, December 31

     50,000       119,000       76,000  

Rate at year-end

     5.31 %     4.21 %     2.25 %

Weighted-average interest rate for the year

     5.06 %     3.37 %     1.70 %

(1) Average balances were computed using daily averages.

(2) Highest month-end balances were April 2006, December 2005, and December 2004.

Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase. In late 2005 and early 2006, the Company entered into eight long-term transactions involving the sale of securities under repurchase agreements totaling $400.0 million for five years. The rates are all initially floating rate for the first year at the three-month LIBOR minus 100 basis points. Thereafter, the rates are fixed for the remainder of the term. After the initial one year period, the counterparties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the first anniversary date and quarterly thereafter. At December 31, 2006, $200.0 million of these repurchase agreements bear fixed interest rates ranging from 4.35% to 4.52% and the remaining $200.0 million of these repurchase agreements, if not called, will bear fixed interest rates ranging from 4.42% to 4.79%.

These transactions are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold. The Company may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. The underlying collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements consists of U.S. government agency security debt and mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $437.8 million as of December 31, 2006, and $217.4 million as of December 31, 2005. The table below provides comparative data for securities sold under agreements to repurchase:

 

     December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Average amount outstanding during the year (1)

   $ 374,356     $ 18,449     $ 35,384  

Maximum amount outstanding at month-end (2)

     445,000       200,000       54,000  

Balance, December 31

     400,000       200,000       15,000  

Rate at year-end

     4.40 %     3.41 %     2.15 %

Weighted-average interest rate for the year

     4.19 %     3.39 %     2.41 %

(1) Average balances were computed using daily averages.

(2) Highest month-end balances were July 2006, December 2005, and May 2004.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank. Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco (“FHLB”) were $714.7 million at December 31, 2006, and $215.0 million at December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2006, the total unused borrowing capacity under the Bank’s line of credit with the FHLB was $288.4 million. The Bank’s line of credit with the FHLB is non-cancelable as long as the Bank is a member of the FHLB and has pledged adequate collateral and is available without payment of a commitment fee. The following relates to the outstanding advances at December 31, 2006 and 2005:

 

     2006     2005  

Maturity

   Amount
(In thousands)
   Weighted Average
Interest Rate
    Amount
(In thousands)
   Weighted Average
Interest Rate
 

Within 90 days

   $ 565,000    5.37 %   $ 215,000    4.29 %

91 days through 365 days

     1,000    4.83       —      —    

1 – 2 years

     3,500    5.08       —      —    

2 – 4 years

     —      —         —      —    

4 – 5 years

     145,180    5.51       —      —    
                          
   $ 714,680    5.40 %   $ 215,000    4.29 %
                          

As of December 31, 2006, the Company had approved overnight credit lines of $241.0 million with other financial institutions and with an outstanding amount of $50.0 million. Credit lines can be drawn upon if other financial institutions have funds available. There are no commitment fees for these credit lines.

Line of Credit. On May 31, 2005, the Bancorp entered into a $30.0 million 364-day unsecured revolving loan agreement with a commercial bank bearing an interest rate of LIBOR plus 90 basis points and a commitment fee of 12.5 basis points on unused commitments. On May 31, 2006, this loan was renewed for 364 days and the amount increased to $50.0 million. On September 29, 2006, in conjunction with the issuance of subordinated debt, this loan was further amended to reduce the commitment to $10.0 million. At December 31, 2006, $10.0 million was outstanding with a weighted average rate of 6.26% under this loan.

Other Liabilities. On November 23, 2004, the Company entered into an agreement with its Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) pursuant to which the CEO agreed to defer any bonus amounts in excess of $225,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004 until January 1 of the first year following such time as the CEO separates from the Company. Accordingly, an amount equal to $610,000 was deferred in 2004 and is accrued in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2004. The Company agreed to accrue interest on the deferred portion of the bonus at 7.0% per annum compounded quarterly. The deferred amount will be increased each quarter by the amount of interest computed for that quarter. Beginning on the tenth anniversary of the agreement, the interest rate will equal 275 basis points above the prevailing interest rate on the ten-year Treasury Note. Interest of $47,000 during 2006, $44,000 during 2005, and $2,000 during 2004 was accrued on this deferred bonus. The balance was $703,000 at December 31, 2006, and $656,000 at December 31, 2005.

11. Capital Resources

On September 29, 2006, the Bank issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt in a private placement transaction. The debt has a maturity term of 10 years, is unsecured and bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 110 basis points. As of December 31, 2006, $50.0 million was outstanding with a rate of 6.46% under this note. Interest expense on the subordinated debt was $844,000 for 2006. The subordinated debt was issued through the Bank and qualifies as Tier 2 capital for regulatory reporting purpose and is included as a component of long-term debt in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The Bancorp established three special purpose trusts in 2003 for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities to outside investors (Capital Securities). The trusts exist for the sole purpose of issuing the Capital Securities and investing the proceeds thereof, together with proceeds from the purchase of the common stock of the trusts by the Bancorp, in Junior Subordinated Notes issued by the Bancorp. Subject to some limitations, payment of distributions out of the monies held by the trusts and payments on liquidation of the trusts or the redemption of the Capital Securities are guaranteed by the Bancorp to the extent the trusts have funds on hand at such time. The obligations of the Bancorp under the guarantees and the Junior Subordinated Debentures are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all indebtedness of the Bancorp and will be structurally subordinated to all liabilities and obligations of the Bancorp’s subsidiaries. The Bancorp has the right to defer payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Notes at any time or from time to time for a period of up to twenty consecutive quarterly periods with respect to each deferral period. Under the terms of the Junior Subordinated Notes, the Bancorp may not, with certain exceptions, declare or pay any dividends or distributions on its capital stock or purchase or acquire any of its capital stock if the Bancorp has deferred interest on the Junior Subordinated Notes.

The three special purpose trusts are considered variable interest entities under FIN 46R. Because the Bancorp is not the primary beneficiary of the trusts, the financial statements of the trusts are not included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

The Capital Securities are currently included in the Tier 1 capital of the Bancorp for regulatory capital purposes. On March 1, 2005, the Federal Reserve adopted a final rule that retains trust preferred securities in the Tier I capital of bank holding companies, but with stricter quantitative limits and clearer qualitative standards. Under the rule, after a five-year transition period, the aggregate amount of trust preferred securities and certain other capital elements will be limited to 25 percent of Tier 1 capital elements, net of goodwill, less any associated deferred tax liability. The amount of trust preferred securities and certain other elements in excess of the limit could be included in Tier 2 capital, subject to restrictions. In the last five years before maturity, the outstanding amount must be excluded from Tier 1 capital and included in Tier 2 capital. Bank holding companies with significant international operations would generally be expected to limit trust preferred securities and certain other capital elements to 15% of Tier 1 capital elements, net of goodwill. This rule is not expected to have a materially adverse effect on our capital positions.

Interest expense on the Junior Subordinated Notes was $4.5 million for 2006, $3.5 million for 2005, and $2.5 million for 2004.

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The table below summarizes the outstanding Junior Subordinated Debentures issued by the Company to each trust as of December 31, 2006:

 

Trust Name

  Issuance
Date
  Principal
Balance of
Debentures
  Not
Redeemable
Until
  Stated
Maturity
  Annualized
Coupon
Rate
  Current
Interest
Rate
  Date of Rate
Change
  Payable/
Distribution
Date
    (Dollars in thousands)

Cathay Capital

               

Trust I

  June 26,
2003
  $20,619   June 30,
2008
  June 30,
2033
  3-month
LIBOR
+3.15%
  8.51%   December 30,
2006
  March 30
June 30
September 30
December 30

Cathay Statutory

               

Trust I

  September 17,
2003
  20,619   September 17,
2008
  September 17,
2033
  3-month
LIBOR
+3.00%
  8.36%   December 18,
2006
  March 17
June 17
September 17
December 17

Cathay Capital

               

Trust II

  December 30,
2003
  12,887   March 30,
2009
  March 30,
2034
  3-month
LIBOR
+2.90%
  8.26%   December 30,
2006
  March 30
June 30
September 30
December 30

The unamortized discount for the principal balance of debentures owned by Cathay Capital Trust I was zero at December 31, 2006, $0.1 million at December 31, 2005, and $0.2 million at December 31, 2004.

12. Income Taxes

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, the current and deferred amounts of the income tax expense are summarized as follows:

 

     2006     2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Current:

      

Federal

   $ 53,564     $ 48,608     $ 39,053  

State

     16,186       15,792       15,667  
                        
   $ 69,750     $ 64,400     $ 54,720  
                        

Deferred:

      

Federal

     (1,897 )     (1,980 )     (342 )

State

     (594 )     (30 )     (769 )
                        
   $ (2,491 )   $ (2,010 )   $ (1,111 )
                        

Total income tax expense

   $ 67,259     $ 62,390     $ 53,609  
                        

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Temporary differences between the amounts reported in the financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities give rise to deferred taxes. Net deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2006, are included in other liabilities and net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2005, are included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and are as follows:

 

     2006     2005  
     (In thousands)  

Deferred Tax Assets

    

Loan loss allowance, due to differences in computation of bad debts

   $ 26,566     $ 24,756  

Writedown on equity securities

     2,420       2,387  

Stock option compensation expense

     7,151       4,134  

Unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale, net

     9,016       9,616  

Other, net

     4,728       5,245  
                

Gross deferred tax assets

     49,881       46,138  
                

Deferred Tax Liabilities

    

Core deposit intangibles

     (17,072 )     (16,350 )

Leveraged lease

     (6,513 )     (7,107 )

Investment in aircraft financing trust and venture capital partnerships

     (17,596 )     (13,436 )

Investment in affordable housing partnerships

     (3,545 )     (2,878 )

Dividends on Federal Home Loan Bank common stock

     (2,764 )     (2,025 )

Other, net

     (5,472 )     (1,704 )
                

Gross deferred tax liabilities

     (52,962 )     (43,500 )
                

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

   $ (3,081 )   $ 2,638  
                

Amounts for the current year are based upon estimates and assumptions as of the date of this report and could vary from amounts shown on the tax returns as filed.

In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes it is more likely than not the Company will realize all benefits related to these deductible temporary differences.

As of December 31, 2006, the Company had income tax receivables of approximately $15.4 million, of which $12.1 million relates to California income taxes related to 2000, 2001, and 2002 and is further discussed below. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had income tax receivables of approximately $13.3 million. These income tax receivables are included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Other liabilities included current income taxes payable of $8.7 million as of December 31, 2006 and $2.7 million as of December 31, 2005.

As previously disclosed, on December 31, 2003, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) announced its intent to list certain transactions that in its view constitute potentially abusive tax shelters. Included in the transactions subject to this listing were transactions utilizing regulated investment companies (RICs) and real estate investment trusts (REITs). As part of the notification indicating the listed transactions, the FTB also indicated its position that it intends to disallow tax benefits associated with these transactions. While the

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Company continues to believe that the tax benefits recorded in three prior years with respect to its regulated investment company were appropriate and fully defensible under California law, the Company has deemed it prudent to participate in Voluntary Compliance Initiative — Option 2, requiring payment of all California taxes and interest on these disputed 2000 through 2002 tax benefits, and permitting the Company to claim a refund for these years while avoiding certain potential penalties. The Company retains potential exposure for assertion of an accuracy-related penalty should the FTB prevail in its position in addition to the risk of not being successful in its refund claims. As of December 31, 2006, the Company reflected a $12.1 million net state tax receivable for the years 2000, 2001, and 2002 after giving effect to reserves for loss contingencies on the refund claims, or an equivalent of $7.9 million after giving effect to Federal tax benefits. The FTB is currently in the process of reviewing and assessing our refund claims for taxes and interest for tax years 2000 through 2002. Although the Company believes its tax deductions related to the regulated investment company were appropriate and fully defensible, there can be no assurance of the outcome of its refund claims, and an adverse outcome on the refund claims could result in a loss of all or a portion of the $7.9 million net state tax receivable after giving effect to Federal tax benefits. The Company does not expect that its refund claim related to its regulated investment company will more likely than not be realized and consequently, expects to include the $7.9 million after tax amount related to its refund claim in its cumulative effect adjustment for Interpretation No. 48 as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the January 1, 2007 effective date of Interpretation No. 48.

The Company’s tax returns are open for audits by the Internal Revenue Service back to 2003 and by the Franchise Tax Board of the State of California back to 2000. The Company is currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service for the years 2004 and 2005 and by the California Franchise Tax Board for the years 2000 to 2002. From time to time, there may be differences in opinions with respect to the tax treatment accorded transactions. When, and if, such differences occur and the related tax effects become probable and estimable, such amounts will be recognized.

Income tax expense results in effective tax rates that differ from the statutory Federal income tax rate for the years indicated as follows:

 

     2006     2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Tax provision at Federal statutory rate

   $ 64,690     35.0 %   $ 58,268     35.0 %   $ 49,148     35.0 %

State income taxes, net of Federal income tax benefit

     10,144     5.5       10,245     6.2       9,684     6.9  

Interest on obligations of state and political subdivisions, which are exempt from Federal taxation

     (945 )   (0.5 )     (1,281 )   (0.8 )     (1,334 )   (0.9 )

Low income housing tax credit .

     (6,504 )   (3.5 )     (4,912 )   (3.0 )     (3,799 )   (2.7 )

Other, net

     (126 )   (0.1 )     70     0.1       (90 )   (0.1 )
                                          

Total income tax expense

   $ 67,259     36.4 %   $ 62,390     37.5 %   $ 53,609     38.2 %
                                          

13. Stockholders’ Equity and Earnings per Share

In January 2007, the Bancorp declared and paid cash dividend of $4.7 million. As a bank holding company, the Bancorp’s ability to pay dividends will depend upon the dividends it receives from the Bank and on the income it may generate from any other activities in which it may engage, either directly or through other subsidiaries.

Under California banking law, the Bank may not, without regulatory approval, pay a cash dividend that exceeds the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or its net income for the last three fiscal years, less any cash distributions made during that period. The amount of retained earnings available for cash dividends to the

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Bancorp immediately after December 31, 2006, is restricted to approximately $211.3 million under this regulation.

During 2003, the Bank formed Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust (“Trust”) to provide the Bank flexibility in raising capital. In 2003 and 2004, the Trust sold to accredited investors $8.6 million of its 7.0% Series A Non-Cumulative preferred stock which pays dividends, if declared, at the end of each quarter. This preferred stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital under current regulatory guidelines. Dividends of $602,000 in 2006, dividends of $603,000 in 2005, and dividends of $575,000 in 2004 were paid to accredited investors. For the years ended and as of December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and December 31, 2004, the net income and assets of the Trust are eliminated in consolidation.

The Board of Directors of the Bancorp is authorized to issue preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences or other rights of the shares of each such class or series and the qualifications, limitations, and restrictions thereon. Any preferred stock issued by the Bancorp may rank prior to the Bancorp common stock as to dividend rights, liquidation preferences, or both, may have full or limited voting rights, and may be convertible into shares of the Bancorp common stock. No preferred stock has been issued as of December 31, 2006.

On November 16, 2000, the Bancorp’s Board of Directors adopted a Rights Agreement between the Bancorp and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, as Rights Agent, and declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase right for each outstanding share of the Bancorp common stock. The dividend was payable on January 19, 2001, to stockholders of record at the close of business on the record date, December 20, 2000. Each preferred share purchase right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Bancorp one one-thousandth of a share of the Bancorp’s Series A junior participating preferred stock at a price of $200, subject to adjustment. In general, the rights become exercisable if, after December 20, 2000, a person or group acquires 15% or more of the Bancorp’s common stock or announces a tender offer for 15% or more of the common stock. The Board of Directors is entitled to redeem the rights at one cent per right at any time before any such person acquires 15% or more of the outstanding common stock. The rights will expire in ten years. The complete terms and conditions of the rights are contained in the Rights Agreement, between the Bancorp and the Rights Agent, which was filed as an exhibit to the Bancorp’s Form 8-A on December 20, 2000. The Rights Agreement is a successor to the Bancorp’s prior rights agreement, which expired at the close of business on December 20, 2000.

The following is the reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the years as indicated:

 

    Year Ended December 31, 2006   Year Ended December 31, 2005   Year Ended December 31, 2004
    Income
(Numerator)
  Shares
(Denominator)
  Per
Share
Amount
  Income
(Numerator)
  Shares
(Denominator)
  Per
Share
Amount
  Income
(Numerator)
  Shares
(Denominator)
  Per
Share
Amount
    (In thousands, except shares and per share data)

Net Income

  $ 117,570       $ 104,091       $ 86,813    
                             

Basic EPS income

  $ 117,570   51,234,596   $ 2.29   $ 104,091   50,373,076   $ 2.07   $ 86,813   49,869,271   $ 1.74

Effect of dilutive stock options

    569,899       448,017       610,883  
                                   

Diluted EPS income

  $ 117,570   51,804,495   $ 2.27   $ 104,091   50,821,093   $ 2.05   $ 86,813   50,480,154   $ 1.72
                                               

(1) Shares and per share data have been adjusted to reflect the two-for-one stock split in the form of a 100 percent stock dividend effective September 28, 2004.

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Options to purchase an additional 1.5 million shares at December 31, 2006, and to purchase an additional 1.3 million shares at December 31, 2005, and to purchase additional 64,000 shares at December 31, 2004, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect.

14. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation. The Company is involved in various litigation concerning transactions entered into during the normal course of business. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not believe that the resolution of such litigation will have a material effect upon its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity taken as a whole.

Lending. In the normal course of business, the Company becomes a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans or through commercial or standby letters of credit and financial guarantees. Those instruments represent varying degrees of exposure to risk in excess of the amounts included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The contractual or notional amount of these instruments indicates a level of activity associated with a particular class of financial instrument and is not a reflection of the level of expected losses, if any.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. Unless noted otherwise, the Company does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments with credit risk.

Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent the amount of credit risk include the following:

 

     2006    2005
     (In thousands)

Commitments to extend credit

   $ 2,178,640    $ 1,776,844

Standby letters of credit

     81,292      56,555

Commercial letters of credit

     79,803      79,900

Bill of lading guarantees

     223      513
             

Total

   $ 2,339,958    $ 1,913,812
             

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer provided there is no violation of any condition established in the commitment agreement. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and are expected to expire without being drawn upon. The total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrowers.

As of December 31, 2006, the Company does not have fixed-rate or variable-rate commitments with characteristics similar to options, which provide the holder, for a premium paid at inception to the Company, the benefits of favorable movements in the price of an underlying asset or index with limited or no exposure to losses from unfavorable price movements.

As of December 31, 2006, commitments to extend credit of $2.2 billion include commitments to fund fixed rate loans of $143.3 million and adjustable rate loans of $2.0 billion.

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Commercial letters of credit and bill of lading guarantees are issued to facilitate domestic and foreign trade transactions while standby letters of credit are issued to make payments on behalf of customers when certain specified future events occur. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit and bill of lading guarantees is essentially the same as that involved in making loans to customers.

Leases. The Company is obligated under a number of operating leases for premises and equipment with terms ranging from one to 53 years, many of which provide for periodic adjustment of rentals based on changes in various economic indicators. Rental expense was $6.6 million for 2006, $5.9 million for 2005 and $5.4 million for 2004. The following table shows future minimum payments under operating leases with terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2006.

 

Year Ending December 31,

   Commitments  
     (In thousands)  

2007

   $ 7,123 (1)

2008

     6,696  

2009

     4,696  

2010

     3,477  

2011

     2,761  

Thereafter

     7,282  
        

Total minimum lease payments

   $ 32,035  
        

(1) Includes the annual lease payment of approximately $107,000 to be made to T.C. Realty, Inc., a corporation owned by Mr. Patrick Lee’s spouse, as agent for 929 College LLC, a limited liability company jointly owned by Mr. Lee and his spouse. Mr. Lee is a director of the Bancorp and the Bank. In 2007, this lease is being extended until 2008, subject to regulatory approval by the Department of Financial Institutions.

Rental income was $1.2 million for 2006, $0.6 million for 2005 and $0.6 million for 2004. The following table shows future rental payments to be received under operating leases with terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2006:

 

Year Ending December 31,

   Commitments
     (In thousands)

2007

   $ 558

2008

     394

2009

     190

2010 and thereafter

     —  
      

Total minimum lease payments to be received

   $ 1,142
      

15. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses interest rate swaps to mitigate risks associated with changes 1) to the fair value of certain fixed rate certificates of deposit that are callable either after one year or after two years and 2) to certain cash flows related to future interest payments on variable rate loans. As of December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2006, the Company had no interest rate swaps.

In 2004, the Company entered into the $111.1 million of fair value hedges which were scheduled to terminate in 2007 or in 2009 and which can be terminated at the election of the counterparty after one year for the swaps terminating in 2007 or after two years for the swaps terminating in 2009. These swaps were entered into to mitigate risks associated with changes to the fair value of a like amount of fixed rate certificates of deposit

 

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Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

which have similar call features as contained in the swaps. All of these swaps were initially designated as fair value hedges and the Bank expected a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the hedged callable certificates of deposit. However, at December 31, 2004, highly effective correlation was maintained for only one group of callable certificates of deposit with a principal amount of $13.9 million. As of December 31, 2004, the negative mark-to-market on the fair value hedges resulted in the recognition of the derivative financial instruments in other liabilities and a decrease in hedged deposits of $0.1 million. For the ineffective hedges, the unrealized pre-tax loss at December 31, 2004, of $0.1 million was charged against other income for 2004.

In January, 2005, the Bank terminated the $111.1 million of swaptions entered into during 2004 by making a cash payment of $485,000 and recording a loss of $317,000 which reflected the decrease in the fair value during 2005. Also in January 2005, the Bank entered into new swaps to hedge the callable certificates of deposits and received a cash payment of $588,000 at the inception of the hedges. These swaps were entered into to mitigate risks associated with changes to the fair value of a like amount of fixed rate certificates of deposit which have similar call features as contained in the swaps. All of these swaps were initially designated as fair value hedges and the Bank expected a highly effective correlation between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap and changes in the fair value of the hedged callable certificates of deposit. In May and December 2005, the Bank cancelled these swaps for total cash payments of $887,000. The pre-tax loss in the value of these swaps of $299,000 was charged against other income in 2005. At December 31, 2005, the unamortized gain on the hedged callable certificates of deposit was $364,000 which was fully amortized during 2006.

On March 21, 2000, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement in the notional amount of $20.0 million for a period of five years. This interest rate swap matured on March 21, 2005 and was for the purpose of hedging the cash flows from a portion of our floating rate loans against declining interest rates. Amounts paid or received on the cash flow hedge interest rate swap were reclassified into earnings upon receipt of interest payments on the underlying loans, including $0.2 million in 2005 and $1.1 million in 2004 that were reclassified into net interest income.

The periodic net settlement of interest rate management instruments is recorded as an adjustment to net interest income. These interest rate risk management instruments increased net interest income by zero in 2006, $62,000 in 2005, and $1.8 million in 2004.

In April 2005, the Bank took in a total of $8.9 million in one year certificates of deposit that pay a minimum interest of 0.5% plus additional interest tied to 60% of the appreciation of four foreign currencies against the US dollar. Under SFAS No. 133, a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes in exchange rates is a hybrid instrument with an embedded derivative that must be accounted for separately from the host contract (i.e. the certificate of deposit). These foreign currency linked certificates of deposits matured in April 2006. The related embedded derivative also expired at the same time. The fair value of the embedded derivative at December 31, 2005, was $65,000 and is included in interest-bearing deposits in the consolidated balance sheet. The Bank purchased two currency options with a fair value at December 31, 2005, of $59,000 to manage its exposure to the appreciation of two of these foreign currencies. The net impact on the consolidated statement of income related to these currency linked certificates of deposit was a decrease to pre-tax income of $82,000 in 2006 and a decrease to pre-tax income of $56,000 in 2005.

In April 2006, the Bank took in a total of $4.1 million in six month certificates of deposit that pay a minimum interest of 1.0% plus additional interest tied to 60% of the appreciation of a foreign currency against the US dollar. Under SFAS No. 133, a certificate of deposit that pays interest based on changes in exchange rates is a hybrid instrument with an embedded derivative that must be accounted for separately from the host contract (i.e. the certificate of deposit). These foreign currency linked certificates of deposits matured in October 2006.

 

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The related embedded derivative also expired at the same time. The net impact on the consolidated statement of income related to these currency linked certificates of deposit was an pre-tax expense of $115,000 in 2006.

16. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. For cash and cash equivalents, the carrying amount was assumed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Short-term Investments. For short-term investments, the carrying amount was assumed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Securities Available for Sale. For securities available-for-sale, fair values were based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. If a quoted market price was not available, fair value was estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes.

Loans. Fair values were estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Each loan category was further segmented into fixed and adjustable rate interest terms and by performing and non-performing categories.

The fair value of performing loans was calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan.

The entire allowance for credit losses was applied to classified loans including non-accruals. Accordingly, they are considered to be carried at fair value as the allowance for credit losses represents the estimated discount for credit risk for the applicable loans.

Deposit Liabilities. The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and certain money market deposits was assumed to be the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit was estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities.

Repurchase Agreements. The fair value of the repurchase agreements is based on dealer quotes.

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank. The fair value of the advances is estimated by discounting the projected cash flows using the rates currently offered for FHLB borrowings with similar remaining maturities.

Other Borrowings. This category includes federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements, revolving line of credit, and other short-term borrowings. The fair value of other borrowings is based on current market rates for borrowings with similar remaining maturities.

Subordinated Debt. The fair value of subordinated debt is estimated based on the current spreads to LIBOR for subordinated debt.

Junior Subordinated Notes. The fair value of the Junior Subordinated Notes is estimated based on the current spreads to LIBOR for junior subordinated notes.

Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments. The fair value of commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees written were estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counter-parties. The fair value of guarantees and letters of credit was based on fees currently charged for similar agreements or on the estimated cost to terminate them or otherwise settle the obligations with the counter-parties at the reporting date.

Derivative Financial Instruments. The fair values of interest rate swaps and options to enter into swaps (swaptions) were based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. If a quoted market price was not available, fair value was estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities.

Fair value estimates were made at specific points in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Bank’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Bank’s financial instruments, fair value estimates were based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates were subjective in nature and involved uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

     As of December 31, 2006     As of December 31, 2005  
     Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value     Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value  
     (In thousands)  

Financial Assets

          

Cash and due from banks

   $ 114,798    $ 114,798     $ 109,275    $ 109,275  

Short-term investments

     16,379      16,379       —        —    

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

     18,000      18,000       —        —    

Securities available-for-sale

     1,522,223      1,522,223       1,217,438      1,217,438  

Trading securities

     5,309      5,309       —        —    

Loans, net

     5,670,873      5,636,123       4,574,831      4,561,847  

Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

     34,348      34,348       29,698      29,698  

Financial Liabilities

          

Deposits .

     5,675,306      5,685,190       4,916,350      4,917,274  

Federal funds purchased

     50,000      50,000       119,000      119,000  

Security sold under agreement to repurchase

     400,000      403,504       200,000      198,612  

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

     714,680      717,623       215,000      214,965  

Other borrowings

     29,981      29,981       40,507      40,504  

Long-term debt

     104,125      106,136       53,976      56,227  
     As of December 31, 2006     As of December 31, 2005  
     Notional
Amount
   Fair Value     Notional
Amount
   Fair Value  
     (In thousands)  

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments

          

Commitments to extend credit

   $ 2,178,640    $ (3,075 )   $ 1,776,844    $ (3,399 )

Standby letters of credit

     81,292      (555 )     56,555      (210 )

Other letters of credit

     79,803      (45 )     79,900      (42 )

Bill of lading guarantees

     223      (1 )     513      (1 )

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

17. Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Under the Company’s Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”), the Company can make annual contributions to a trust in the form of either cash or common stock of the Company for the benefit of eligible employees. Employees are eligible to participate in the ESOP after completing two years of service for salaried full-time employees or 1,000 hours for each of two consecutive years for salaried part-time employees. The amount of the annual contribution is discretionary except that it must be sufficient to enable the trust to meet its current obligations. The Company also pays for the administration of this plan and of the trust. During 2004, 2005, and 2006, the Company did not make any contributions to the trust and does not expect to make any contributions in the future. Effective June 17, 2004, the ESOP was amended to provide the participants the election to either reinvest the dividends on the Company stock allocated to their accounts or to distribute these dividends to the participant. The ESOP trust purchased 27,970 shares in 2006, 21,026 shares in 2005, and 18,375 shares in 2004, of the Bancorp’s common stock at an aggregate cost of $1.0 million in 2006, $0.7 million in 2005 and $0.6 million in 2004. Except for 9,500 shares purchased on the open market in 2006, all purchases during 2004, 2005, and 2006 were through the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. The distribution of benefits to participants totaled 88,095 shares in 2006, 57,623 shares in 2005 and 61,749 shares in 2004. As of December 31, 2006, the ESOP owned 1,811,339 shares or 3.49% of the Company’s outstanding common stock.

401(k) Plan. In 1997, the Board approved the Company’s 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan, which began on March 1, 1997. Salaried employees who have completed three months of service and have attained the age of 21 are eligible to participate. Enrollment dates are on January 1st, April 1st, July 1st, and October 1st of each year. Participants may contribute up to 75% of their eligible compensation for the year but not to exceed the dollar limit set by the Internal Revenue Code. Participants may change their contribution election on the enrollment dates. The Company matches 100% on the first 5% of compensation contributed per pay period by the participant, after one year of service. The vesting schedule for the matching contribution is 0% for less than two years of service, 25% after two years of service and from then on, at an increment of 25% each year until 100% is vested after five years of service. The Company’s contribution amounted to $1.4 million in 2006, $1.2 million in 2005 and $1.2 million in 2004. The Plan allows participants to withdraw all or part of their vested amount in the Plan due to certain financial hardship as set forth in the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury Regulations. Participants may also borrow up to 50% of the vested amount, up to a maximum of $50,000. The minimum loan amount is $1,000.

18. Equity Incentive Plans

In 1998, the Board adopted the Cathay Bancorp, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan. Under the Equity Incentive Plan, as amended in September, 2003, directors and eligible employees may be granted incentive or non-statutory stock options, or awarded restricted stock, for up to 7,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock on a split adjusted basis. In May 2005, the shareholders of the Company approved the 2005 Incentive Plan which provides that 3,131,854 shares of the Company’s common stock may be granted as incentive or non-statutory stock options, or as restricted stock. In conjunction with the approval of the 2005 Incentive Plan, the Bancorp agreed to cease granting awards under the Equity Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2006, the Company has only granted non-statutory stock options to selected bank officers and non-employee directors at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Such options have a maximum ten-year term and vest in 20% annual increments (subject to early termination in certain events) except for certain options granted during 2005 and certain non-vested shares granted during 2006 as further discussed below. If such options expire or terminate without having been exercised, any shares not purchased will again be available for future grants or awards.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Cash received from exercises of stock options totaled $3.3 million from 162,534 exercised shares for 2006 and $2.4 million from 157,788 exercised shares for 2005. The fair value of stock options vested in 2006 was $5.7 million compared to $4.9 million in 2005. Aggregate intrinsic value for option exercised were $2.5 million in 2006 and $3.0 million in 2005.

A summary of stock option activity and related option process for 2006, 2005, and 2004 follows:

 

     Shares     Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
   Weighted-Average
Remaining Contractual
Life (in years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (in ’000)

Balance, December 31, 2003

   4,023,080     $ 20.04    7.2    $ 32,055

Granted

   759,200       29.24      

Exercised

   (974,616 )     16.41      

Forfeited

   (114,840 )     25.81      
                  

Balance, December 31, 2004

   3,692,824     $ 22.71    7.5    $ 54,649
                  

Granted .

   1,238,234       35.35      

Exercised

   (157,788 )     15.40      

Forfeited

   (457,158 )     25.23      
                  

Balance, December 31, 2005

   4,316,112     $ 26.33    7.5    $ 42,263
                  

Granted

   807,630       36.58      

Exercised

   (162,534 )     20.32      

Forfeited

   (178,181 )     30.99      
                  

Balance, December 31, 2006

   4,783,027     $ 28.09    7.0    $ 34,011
                  

Exercisable, December 31, 2006

   2,335,082     $ 23.88    5.9    $ 25,181
                  

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

At December 31, 2006, 2,229,059 shares were available under the 2005 Incentive Plan for future grants. The following table shows stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2006, the corresponding exercise prices, and the weighted-average contractual life remaining:

 

     Outstanding

Exercise Price

       Shares        Weighted-Average
Remaining Contractual Life
(in Years)
   Exercisable Shares

$  8.25

   43,900    1.7    43,900

  10.63

   99,756    3.1    99,756

  11.06

   10,240    3.0    10,240

  11.34

   10,240    6.0    10,240

  15.05

   138,020    4.1    138,020

  16.28

   175,136    5.2    137,208

  17.23

   24,234    1.0    24,234

  17.29

   10,240    5.0    10,240

  19.93

   343,480    6.1    198,336

  21.09

   10,240    4.0    10,240

  22.01

   434,692    4.0    434,692

  24.80

   909,010    6.9    527,046

  28.70

   560,500    7.1    225,100

  32.18

   3,000    7.2    1,200

  32.26

   40,000    7.5    16,000

  32.47

   245,060    8.2    147,036

  33.54

   264,694    8.4    158,816

  33.81

   3,000    8.5    600

  37.00

   670,210    8.1    134,978

  38.38

   18,000    7.9    7,200

  36.90

   343,145    9.1    —  

  36.24

   414,230    9.1    —  

  38.26

   12,000    9.3    —  
            
   4,783,027    7.0    2,335,082
            

On January 16, 2003, Dunson K. Cheng, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, was granted an option to purchase 153,060 shares and on November 20, 2003 was granted option to purchase 638,670 shares of the Company’s common stock under the Company’s Equity Incentive Plan. In March 2005, the Company determined that these grants, in combination, exceeded by 391,730 shares a limitation in the Plan as to the number of shares that could be subject to awards made to any one participant in any calendar year.

Effective March 22, 2005, Mr. Cheng agreed to cancel the options as to the 391,730 excess shares, and to waive all rights that he has to purchase such excess shares upon exercise of the option. Also, on March 22, 2005, the Executive Compensation Committee approved granting to Mr. Cheng an option to purchase a total of 245,060 shares of common stock of the Company at an exercise price equal to the closing market price of the common stock on the NASDAQ National Market on that date of which 30% vest immediately, 10% would vest on November 20, 2005 and an additional 20% would vest on November 20, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. On May 12, 2005, the Executive Compensation Committee approved granting Mr. Cheng an option under the 2005 Incentive Plan to purchase a total of 264,694 shares of common stock of the Company at an exercise price equal

 

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to the closing market price of the common stock on the NASDAQ National Market on that date of which 40% would vest on November 20, 2005, and an additional 20% would vest on November 20, 2006, 2007, and 2008, respectively.

On January 25, 2006, the Company granted 30,000 shares of non-vested stock valued at the price of $36.24 per share to its Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer. The shares vest ratably over three years if certain annual performance criteria are met. The stock compensation expense recorded was $332,000 for 2006. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock awards was $755,000 at December 31, 2006, and is expected to be recognized over the next two years.

Prior to 2006, the Company presented the entire amount of the tax benefit on options exercised as operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. After adoption of SFAS No. 123R in January 2006, the Company reports only the benefits of tax deductions in excess of grant-date fair value as cash flows from financing activity. The following table summarizes the tax benefit from option exercised:

 

      2006    2005    2004
     (In thousands)

Benefit of tax deductions in excess of grant-date fair value

   $ 777    $ 672    $ 8,531

Benefit of tax deductions on grant-date fair value

     287      111      47
                    

Total benefit of tax deductions

   $ 1,064    $ 783    $ 8,578
                    

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

19. Condensed Financial Information of Cathay General Bancorp (Unaudited)

The condensed financial information of the Company as of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and for the years ended December 31 of 2006, 2005, and 2004 is as follows:

Balance Sheets

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2006     2005  
     (In thousands, except  
     share and per share data)  

Assets

    

Cash

   $ 3,596     $ 4,617  

Investment securities

     —         9,143  

Investment in bank subsidiaries

     990,769       829,189  

Investment in non-bank subsidiaries

     4,179       6,262  

Other assets

     13,067       3,903  
                

Total assets .

   $ 1,011,611     $ 853,114  
                

Liabilities

    

Revolving line of credit

   $ 10,000     $ 20,000  

Junior subordinated debt

     54,125       53,976  

Other liabilities

     4,412       5,521  
                

Total liabilities

   $ 68,537     $ 79,497  
                

Commitments and contingencies

     —         —    

Stockholders’ equity

    

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued

     —         —    

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 53,309,317 issued and 51,930,955 outstanding in 2006, and 100,000,000 shares authorized and 51,569,451 issued and 50,191,089 outstanding in 2005

     533       516  

Additional paid-in-capital

     467,591       398,121  

Accumulated other comprehensive income, net

     (12,428 )     (13,254 )

Retained earnings

     520,689       421,545  

Treasury stock, at cost (1,378,362 shares in 2006 and in 2005)

     (33,311 )     (33,311 )
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     943,074       773,617  
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 1,011,611     $ 853,114  
                

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Statements of Income

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Cash dividends from Cathay Bank

   $ 98,179     $ —       $ 8,704  

Cash dividends from GBC Venture Capital

     1,680       3,000       —    

Interest income

     74       36       —    

Interest expense

     5,946       4,032       2,542  

Non-interest income

     (381 )     (583 )     7  

Non-interest expense

     1,417       560       1,573  
                        

Income (Loss) before income tax benefit

     92,189       (2,139 )     4,596  

Income tax benefit

     (3,225 )     (2,161 )     (1,727 )
                        

Income before undistributed earnings of subsidiaries

     95,414       22       6,323  

Undistributed earnings of subsidiaries

     22,156       104,069       80,490  
                        

Net income

   $ 117,570     $ 104,091     $ 86,813  
                        

 

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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Statements of Cash Flows

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
     (In thousands)  

Cash flows from Operating Activities

      

Net income

   $ 117,570     $ 104,091     $ 86,813  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries

     (22,156 )     (104,069 )     (80,490 )

Increase in accrued expense

     60       60       60  

Write-downs on venture capital investment

     432       681       415  

Write-downs on equity securities investment

     —         —         325  

Gain in fair value of warrants

     (816 )     —         —    

Excess tax benefits from stock options

     (777 )     783       8,578  

(Increase)/decrease in other assets

     (98 )     (943 )     459  

(Decrease)/increase in other liabilities

     (320 )     520       (4 )
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     93,895       1,123       16,156  
                        

Cash flows from Investment Activities

      

Purchase of investment securities

     —         (694 )     (1,443 )

Exercise of warrants to acquire common stock

     (2,209 )     —         —    

Proceeds from sale of warrant

     3,679       —         —    

Cash distribution from venture capital investment

     —         —         55  

Equity investment

     (1,726 )     —         (945 )

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

     (70,815 )     (87 )     (7,318 )
                        

Net cash used in investment activities

     (71,071 )     (781 )     (9,651 )
                        

Cash flows from Financing Activities

      

Repayment of short term borrowing

     (27,120 )     —         (20,000 )

Increase in other borrowings

     15,000       20,000       —    

Cash dividends

     (18,426 )     (18,154 )     (14,926 )

Proceeds from shares issued under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan

     2,622       3,039       3,019  

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     3,302       2,430       15,998  

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

     777       —         —    

Purchase of treasury stock

     —         (24,501 )     —    
                        

Net cash used in financing activities

     (23,845 )     (17,186 )     (15,909 )
                        

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     (1,021 )     (16,844 )     (9,404 )

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

     4,617       21,461       30,865  
                        

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

   $ 3,596     $ 4,617     $ 21,461  
                        

20. Dividend Reinvestment Plan

The Company has a dividend reinvestment plan which allows for participants’ reinvestment of cash dividends and certain additional optional investments in the Company’s common stock. Shares issued under the plan and the consideration received were 75,003 shares for $2.6 million in 2006, 93,947 shares for $3.0 million in 2005, and 95,098 shares for $3.0 million in 2004.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

21. Regulatory Matters

The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. See Note 11 for discussion of possible future disallowance of Capital Securities as Tier 1 capital.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has established five capital ratio categories: “well capitalized”, “adequately capitalized”, “undercapitalized”, “significantly undercapitalized” and “critically undercapitalized.” A well capitalized institution must have a Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 6%, a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10%, and a leverage ratio of at least 5%. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the FDIC categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.

The Bancorp’s and the Bank’s capital and leverage ratios as of December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005, are presented in the tables below:

 

    As of December 31, 2006     As of December 31, 2005  
    Company     Bank     Company     Bank  
    Balance   Percentage     Balance   Percentage     Balance   Percentage     Balance   Percentage  
    (Dollars in thousands)  

Tier I Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $ 673,705   9.40 %   $ 670,206   9.37 %   $ 584,311   10.61 %   $ 587,787   10.70 %

Tier I Capital minimum requirement

    286,744   4.00       286,238   4.00       220,324   4.00       219,658   4.00  
                                               

Excess

  $ 386,961   5.40 %   $ 383,968   5.37 %   $ 363,987   6.61 %   $ 368,129   6.70 %
                                               

Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $ 788,284   11.00 %   $ 786,092   10.99 %   $ 645,329   11.72 %   $ 648,805   11.81 %

Total I Capital minimum requirement

    573,488   8.00       572,476   8.00       440,647   8.00       439,316   8.00  
                                               

Excess

  $ 214,796   3.00 %   $ 213,616   2.99 %   $ 204,682   3.72 %   $ 209,489   3.81 %
                                               

Risk-weighted assets

  $ 7,168,601     $ 7,155,951     $ 5,508,093     $ 5,491,450  

Tier I Capital (to average assets) Leverage ratio

  $ 673,705   8.98 %   $ 670,206   8.95 %   $ 584,311   9.80 %   $ 587,787   9.88 %

Minimum leverage requirement

    300,055   4.00       299,409   4.00       238,420   4.00       237,890   4.00  
                                               

Excess

  $ 373,650   4.98 %   $ 370,797   4.95 %   $ 345,891   5.80 %   $ 349,897   5.88 %
                                               

Total average assets (1)

  $ 7,501,371     $ 7,485,214     $ 5,960,496     $ 5,947,243  

(1) Average assets represent average balances for the fourth quarter of each year presented.

 

F-49


Table of Contents

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

22. Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)

The following table sets forth selected unaudited quarterly financial data:

 

     Summary of Operations
     2006    2005
     Fourth
Quarter
   Third
Quarter
    Second
Quarter
   First
Quarter
   Fourth
Quarter
   Third
Quarter
    Second
Quarter
    First
Quarter
     (In thousands, except per share data)

Interest income

   $ 136,213    $ 129,600     $ 121,099    $ 104,606    $ 96,215    $ 89,127     $ 84,651     $ 80,668

Interest expense

     63,804      58,917       50,049      39,465      33,843      29,069       25,463       21,904
                                                          

Net interest income

     72,409      70,683       71,050      65,141      62,372      60,058       59,188       58,764

(Reversal)/provision for loan losses

     —        (1,000 )     1,500      1,500      —        (1,000 )     (500 )     1,000
                                                          

Net-interest income after provision for loan losses

     72,409      71,683       69,550      63,641      62,372      61,058       59,688       57,764

Non-interest income

     5,234      5,404       5,751      5,075      5,181      5,853       5,439       6,013

Non-interest expense

     30,140      29,383       29,069      25,326      25,091      24,989       23,964       22,843
                                                          

Income before income tax expense

     47,503      47,704       46,232      43,390      42,462      41,922       41,163       40,934

Income tax expense

     16,979      17,046       17,180      16,054      15,750      15,237       15,429       15,974
                                                          

Net income

     30,524      30,658       29,052      27,336      26,712      26,685       25,734       24,960
                                                          

Basic net income per common share

   $ 0.59    $ 0.60     $ 0.57    $ 0.54    $ 0.53    $ 0.53     $ 0.51     $ 0.49

Diluted net income per common share

   $ 0.58    $ 0.59     $ 0.56    $ 0.54    $ 0.53    $ 0.53     $ 0.51     $ 0.49

 

F-50

EX-3.3 2 dex33.htm CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION OF SERIES A JUNIOR Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior

Exhibit 3.3

CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION

of

SERIES A JUNIOR PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK

of

CATHAY BANCORP, INC.

Pursuant to Section 151 of the General Corporation Law

of the State of Delaware

Cathay Bancorp, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), in accordance with the provisions of Section 103 thereof, DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

That pursuant to the authority vested in the Board of Directors in accordance with the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation of the said Corporation, the said Board of Directors on November 16, 2000 adopted the following resolution creating a series of 100,000 shares of Preferred Stock designated as “Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock”:

RESOLVED, that pursuant to the authority vested in the Board of Directors of this Corporation in accordance with the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, a series of Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Corporation be and hereby is created, and that the designation and number of shares thereof and the voting and other powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights of the shares of such series and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof are as follows:

SERIES A JUNIOR PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK

1. Designation and Amount. There shall be a series of Preferred Stock that shall be designated as “Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock,” and the number of shares constituting such series shall be 100,000. Such number of shares may be increased or decreased by resolution of the Board of Directors; provided, however, that no decrease shall reduce the number of shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock to less than the number of shares then issued and outstanding plus the number of shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding rights, options or warrants or upon conversion of outstanding securities issued by the Corporation.

2. Dividends and Distribution.

(A) Subject to the prior and superior rights of the holders of any shares of any class or series of stock of the Corporation ranking prior and superior to the shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock with respect to dividends, the holders of shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, in preference to the holders of shares of any class or series of stock


of the Corporation ranking junior to the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock in respect thereof, shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available for the purpose, quarterly dividends payable in cash on the last day of March, June, September and December, in each year (each such date being referred to herein as a “Quarterly Dividend Payment Date”), commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date after the first issuance of a share or fraction of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, in an amount per share (rounded to the nearest cent) equal to the greater of (a) $10.00 or (b) the Adjustment Number (as defined below) times the aggregate per share amount of all cash dividends, and the Adjustment Number times the aggregate per share amount (payable in kind) of all non-cash dividends or other distributions other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock or a subdivision of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise), declared on the Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Corporation (the “Common Stock”) since the immediately preceding Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, or, with respect to the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, since the first issuance of any share or fraction of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock. The “Adjustment Number” shall initially be 1000. In the event the Corporation shall at any time after November 16, 2000 (i) declare and pay any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the Adjustment Number in effect immediately prior to such event shall be adjusted by multiplying such Adjustment Number by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

(B) The Corporation shall declare a dividend or distribution on the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock as provided in paragraph (A) above immediately after it declares a dividend or distribution on the Common Stock (other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock).

(C) Dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative on outstanding shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock from the Quarterly Dividend Payment Date next preceding the date of issue of such shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, unless the date of issue of such shares is prior to the record date for the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in which case dividends on such shares shall begin to accrue from the date of issue of such shares, or unless the date of issue is a Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or is a date after the record date for the determination of holders of shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock entitled to receive a quarterly dividend and before such Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in either of which events such dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative from such Quarterly Dividend Payment Date. Accrued but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. Dividends paid on the shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock in an amount less than the total amount of such dividends at the time accrued and payable on such shares shall be allocated pro rata on a share-by-share basis among all such shares at the time outstanding. The Board of Directors may fix a record date for the determination of holders of shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock entitled to receive payment of a dividend or distribution declared thereon, which record date shall be no more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for the payment thereof.

 

2


3. Voting Rights. The holders of shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall have the following voting rights:

(A) Each share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to a number of votes equal to the Adjustment Number on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Corporation.

(B) Except as required by law, by Section 3(C) and by Section 10 hereof, holders of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall have no special voting rights and their consent shall not be required (except to the extent they are entitled to vote with holders of Common Stock as set forth herein) for taking any corporate action.

(C) If, at the time of any annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors, the equivalent of six quarterly dividends (whether or not consecutive) payable on any share or shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock are in default, the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall be increased by two. In addition to voting together with the holders of Common Stock for the election of other directors of the Corporation, the holders of record of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, voting separately as a class to the exclusion of the holders of Common Stock, shall be entitled at said meeting of stockholders (and at each subsequent annual meeting of stockholders), unless all dividends in arrears on the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock have been paid or declared and set apart for payment prior thereto, to vote for the election of two directors of the Corporation, the holders of any Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock being entitled to cast a number of votes per share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock as is specified in paragraph (A) of this Section 3. Each such additional director shall not be a member of Class I, Class II or Class III of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, but shall serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors, or until his successor shall be elected and shall qualify, or until his right to hold such office terminates pursuant to the provisions of this Section 3(c). Until the default in payments of all dividends which permitted the election of said directors shall cease to exist, any director who shall have been so elected pursuant to the provisions of this Section 3(c) may be removed at any time, without cause, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock at the time entitled to cast a majority of the votes entitled to be cast for the election of any such director at a special meeting of such holders called for that purpose, and any vacancy thereby created may be filled by the vote of such holders. If and when such default shall cease to exist, the holders of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall be divested of the foregoing special voting rights, subject to revesting in the event of each and every subsequent like default in payments of dividends. Upon the termination of the foregoing special voting rights, the terms of office of all persons who may have been elected directors pursuant to said special voting rights shall forthwith terminate, and the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall be reduced by two. The voting rights granted by this Section 3(c) shall be in addition to any other voting rights granted to the holders of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock in this Section 3.

 

3


4. Certain Restrictions.

(A) Whenever quarterly dividends or other dividends or distributions payable on the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock as provided in Section 2 are in arrears, thereafter and until all accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions, whether or not declared, on shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock outstanding shall have been paid in full, the Corporation shall not:

(i) declare or pay dividends on, make any other distributions on, or redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock;

(ii) declare or pay dividends on or make any other distributions on any shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, except dividends paid ratably on the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock and all such parity stock on which dividends are payable or in arrears in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all such shares are then entitled; or

(iii) purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, or any shares of stock ranking on a parity with the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, except in accordance with a purchase offer made in writing or by publication (as determined by the Board of Directors) to all holders of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, or to such holders and holders of any such shares ranking on a parity therewith, upon such terms as the Board of Directors, after consideration of the respective annual dividend rates and other relative rights and preferences of the respective series and classes, shall determine in good faith will result in fair and equitable treatment among the respective series or classes.

(B) The Corporation shall not permit any subsidiary of the Corporation to purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of stock of the Corporation unless the Corporation could, under paragraph (A) of this Section 4, purchase or otherwise acquire such shares at such time and in such manner.

5. Reacquired Shares. Any shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock purchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation in any manner whatsoever shall be retired promptly after the acquisition thereof. All such shares shall upon their retirement become authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series of Preferred Stock to be created by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors, subject to any conditions and restrictions on issuance set forth herein.

6. Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up. (A) Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, voluntary or otherwise, no distribution shall be made to the holders of shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock unless, prior thereto, the holders of shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall have received an amount per share (the “Series A Liquidation Preference”) equal to the

 

4


greater of (i) $10.00 plus an amount equal to accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared, to the date of such payment, or (ii) the Adjustment Number times the per share amount of all cash and other property to be distributed in respect of the Common Stock upon such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation.

(B) In the event, however, that there are not sufficient assets available to permit payment in full of the Series A Liquidation Preference and the liquidation preferences of all other classes and series of stock of the Corporation, if any, that rank on a parity with the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock in respect thereof, then the assets available for such distribution shall be distributed ratably to the holders of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock and the holders of such parity shares in proportion to their respective liquidation preferences.

(C) Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation into or with another corporation nor the merger or consolidation of any other corporation into or with the Corporation shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation within the meaning of this Section 6.

7. Consolidation, Merger, Etc. In case the Corporation shall enter into any consolidation, merger, combination or other transaction in which the outstanding shares of Common Stock are exchanged for or changed into other stock or securities, cash and/or any other property, then in any such case each share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall at the same time be similarly exchanged or changed in an amount per share equal to the Adjustment Number times the aggregate amount of stock, securities, cash and/or any other property (payable in kind), as the case may be, into which or for which each share of Common Stock is changed or exchanged.

8. No Redemption. Shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall not be subject to redemption by the Corporation.

9. Ranking. The Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock shall rank junior to all other series of the Preferred Stock as to the payment of dividends and as to the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, unless the terms of any such series shall provide otherwise, and shall rank senior to the Common Stock as to such matters.

10. Amendment. At any time that any shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation shall not be amended in any manner which would materially alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock so as to affect them adversely without the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, voting separately as a class.

11. Fractional Shares. Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock may be issued in fractions of a share that shall entitle the holder, in proportion to such holder’s fractional shares, to exercise voting rights, receive dividends, participate in distributions and to have the benefit of all other rights of holders of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock.

 

5


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Certificate this 7th day of December, 2000.

 

CATHAY BANCORP, INC.
By:   /s/ DUNSON K CHENG
 

Name: Dunson K. Cheng

Title: Chairman and President

EX-10.1 3 dex101.htm FORM OF INDEMNITY AGREEMENTS Form of Indemnity Agreements

Exhibit 10.1

INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT

AGREEMENT, made this __h day of                 , 200_, between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and                      (the “Indemnitee”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Indemnitee is a director and/or officer of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company.

WHEREAS, highly competent persons have become more reluctant to serve publicly-held corporations as directors or in other capacities unless they are provided with adequate protection through insurance or adequate indemnification against inordinate risks of claims and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of the corporation.

WHEREAS, in recognition of Indemnitee’s need for substantial protection against personal liability in order to enhance Indemnitee’s continued service to the Company in an effective manner and Indemnitee’s reliance on the provisions of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation (“Certificate of Incorporation”) and the Company’s Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) requiring indemnification of the Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law, and in part to provide Indemnitee with specific contractual assurance that the protection promised by such Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws will be available to Indemnitee (regardless of, among other things, any amendment to or revocation of such Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws or any change in the composition of the Company’s Board of Directors or acquisition transaction relating to the Company), the Company wishes to provide in this Agreement for the indemnification of and the advancing of expenses to Indemnitee to the fullest extent (whether partial or complete) permitted by law and as set forth in this Agreement.

WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (“DGCL”) expressly provide that the indemnification provisions set forth therein are not exclusive and thereby contemplate that contracts may be entered into between the Company and members of the board of directors, officers and other persons with respect to indemnification.

WHEREAS, it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company contractually to obligate itself to indemnify, and to advance expenses on behalf of, such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law so that they will serve or continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so indemnified.

WHEREAS, this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder.


NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of Indemnitee agreeing to serve or continuing to serve the Company directly or, at its request, with another enterprise, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:

Section 1. Basic Indemnification Agreement. (a) In the event Indemnitee was, is or becomes a party to or witness or other participant in, or is threatened to be made a party to or witness or other participant in, a Claim (as defined in Section 9(b) herein) by reason of (or arising in part out of) an Indemnifiable Event (as defined in Section 9(d) herein), the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law as soon as practicable but in any event no later than 30 days after written demand is presented to the Company, against any and all Expenses (as defined in Section 9(c) herein), judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement (including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection therewith) of such Claim actually and reasonably incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee in connection with such Claim and any federal, state, local or foreign taxes imposed on Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Agreement. If requested by Indemnitee in writing, the Company shall advance (within ten business days of such written request) any and all Expenses to Indemnitee (an “Expense Advance”). Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, and except as provided in Section 3, prior to a Change of Control (as defined in Section 9 herein) and except as set forth in Sections 1(b) and 7, Indemnitee shall not be entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Agreement in connection with any Claim (i) initiated by Indemnitee against the Company or any director or officer of the Company unless the Company has joined in or consented to the initiation of such Claim; (ii) made on account of Indemnitee’s conduct which constitutes a breach of Indemnitee’s duty of loyalty to the Company or its stockholders or is an act or omission not in good faith or which involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of the law; or (iii) arising from the purchase and sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the indemnification obligations of the Company under Section 1(a) shall be subject to the condition that the Reviewing Party shall not have determined (in a written opinion, in any case in which the special independent counsel referred to in Section 2 hereof is involved) that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be indemnified under applicable law, and (ii) the obligation of the Company to make an Expense Advance pursuant to Section 1(a) shall be subject to the condition that the Company receives an undertaking that, if, when and to the extent that the Reviewing Party determines that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be so indemnified under applicable law, the Company shall be entitled to be reimbursed by Indemnitee (who hereby agrees to reimburse the Company) for all such amounts theretofore paid; provided, however, that if Indemnitee has commenced legal proceedings in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Court”) to secure a determination that Indemnitee should be indemnified under applicable law, any determination made by the Reviewing Party that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be indemnified under applicable law shall not be binding and Indemnitee shall not be required to reimburse the Company for any Expense Advance until a final judicial determination is made with respect thereto (as to which all rights of appeal therefrom have been exhausted or lapsed). Indemnitee’s obligation to reimburse the Company for Expense Advances shall be unsecured and no interest shall be charged thereon. If there has not been a Change in Control, the Reviewing Party shall be selected by the Board of Directors, and if there has been such a Change in Control, the Reviewing Party shall be the special independent counsel referred to in Section 2 hereof. If there

 

2


has been no determination by the Reviewing Party or if the Reviewing Party determines that Indemnitee substantively would not be permitted to be indemnified in whole or in part under applicable law, Indemnitee shall have the right to commence litigation in the Delaware Court seeking an initial determination by the court or challenging any such determination by the Reviewing Party or any aspect thereof and the Company hereby consents to service of process and to appear in any such proceeding. Any determination by the Reviewing Party otherwise shall be conclusive and binding on the Company and Indemnitee. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee for Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the successful establishment or enforcement, in whole or in part, by Indemnitee of Indemnitee’s right to indemnification or advances.

Section 2. Change in Control. The Company agrees that if there is a Change in Control of the Company (other than a Change in Control which has been approved by two- thirds or more of the Company’s Board of Directors who were directors immediately prior to such Change in Control) then with respect to all matters thereafter arising concerning the rights of Indemnitee to indemnity payments and Expense Advances under this Agreement or any other agreement, the Bylaws or Certificate of Incorporation now or hereafter in effect relating to Claims for Indemnifiable Events, the Company shall seek legal advice only from special independent counsel selected by Indemnitee and approved by the Company (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) and who has not otherwise performed services for the Company within the last five years (other than in connection with such matters) or for Indemnitee. In the event that Indemnitee and the Company are unable to agree on the selection of the special independent counsel, such special independent counsel shall be selected by lot from among at least five law firms with offices in the State of Delaware having more than fifty attorneys, having a rating of “av” or better in the then current Martindale Hubbell Law Directory and having attorneys which specialize in corporate law. Such selection shall be made in the presence of Indemnitee (and his legal counsel or either of them, as Indemnitee may elect). Such counsel, among other things, shall, within 90 days of its retention, render its written opinion to the Company and Indemnitee as to whether and to what extent Indemnitee would be permitted to be indemnified under applicable law. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees of the special independent counsel referred to above and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and all expenses (including attorneys’ fees), claims, liabilities, and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto.

Section 3. Indemnification for Additional Expenses. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against any and all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) and, if requested by Indemnitee in writing, shall (within ten business days of such written request) advance such expenses to Indemnitee, which are incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any Claim asserted against or action brought by Indemnitee for (i) indemnification or advance payment of Expenses by the Company under this Agreement or any other agreement, the Bylaws or Certificate of Incorporation now or hereafter in effect relating to Claims for Indemnifiable Events and/or (ii) recovery under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company, regardless of whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to such indemnification, advance expense payment or insurance recovery, as the case may be. The Indemnitee shall qualify for advances solely upon the execution and delivery to the Company of

 

3


an undertaking providing that the Indemnitee undertakes to repay the advance to the extent that it is ultimately determined that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company.

Section 4. Partial Indemnity, Etc. If Indemnitee is entitled under any provisions of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company of some or a portion of the Expenses, liabilities, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement of a Claim but not, however, for all of the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for the portion thereof to which Indemnitee is entitled. Moreover, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any or all Claims relating in whole or in part to an Indemnifiable Event or in defense of any issue or matter therein, including dismissal without prejudice, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses incurred in connection therewith. In connection with any determination by the Reviewing Party or otherwise as to whether Indemnitee is entitled to be indemnified hereunder the burden of proof shall be on the Company to establish that Indemnitee is not so entitled.

Section 5. No Presumption. For purposes of this Agreement, the termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement (whether with or without court approval) or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere, or its equivalent, shall not create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of conduct or have any particular belief.

Section 6. Notification and Defense of Claim. Within 30 days after receipt by Indemnitee of notice of the commencement of a Claim which may involve an Indemnifiable Event, Indemnitee will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company under this Agreement, submit to the Company a written notice identifying the proceeding, but the omission so to notify the Company will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to Indemnitee under this Agreement unless the Company is materially prejudiced by such lack of notice. With respect to any such Claim as to which Indemnitee notifies the Company of the commencement thereof:

(a) the Company will be entitled to participate therein at its own expense;

(b) except as otherwise provided below, to the extent that it may wish, the Company jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified will be entitled to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to Indemnitee. After notice from the Company to Indemnitee of its election to assume the defense thereof, the Company will not be liable to Indemnitee under this Agreement for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation or as otherwise provided below. Indemnitee shall have the right to employ its own counsel in such action, suit or proceeding, but the fees and expenses of such counsel incurred after notice from the Company of its assumption of the defense thereof shall be at the expense of Indemnitee unless (i) the employment of counsel by Indemnitee has been authorized by the Company, (ii) Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and the Indemnitee in the conduct of the defense of such action, or (iii) the

 

4


Company shall not in fact have employed counsel to assume the defense of such action, in each of which cases the fees and expenses of counsel shall be at the expense of the Company. The Company shall not be entitled to assume the defense of any claim brought by or on behalf of the Company or as to which Indemnitee shall have made the conclusion provided for in clause (ii) above; and

(c) the Company shall not be liable to indemnify Indemnitee under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of any action or claim effected without its written consent. The Company shall not settle any action or claim in any manner which would impose any penalty or limitation on Indemnitee without Indemnitee’s written consent. Neither the Company nor Indemnitee will unreasonably withhold or delay their consent to any proposed settlement.

Section 7. Non-exclusivity, Etc. The rights of Indemnitee hereunder shall be in addition to any other rights Indemnitee may have under the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, the DGCL, any agreement, a vote of the stockholders, a resolution of directors or otherwise. No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee acting on behalf of the Company and at the request of the Company prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal. To the extent that a change in the DGCL (whether by statute or judicial decision), the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws permits greater indemnification by agreement than would be afforded currently under the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.

Section 8. Liability Insurance. To the extent the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any Company director or officer. If, at the time the Company receives notice from any source of a Claim as to which Indemnitee is a party or a participant (as a witness or otherwise), the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of such Proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Claim in accordance with the terms of such policies. In the event of a Potential Change in Control (as defined in Section 9 herein), the Company shall maintain in force any and all insurance policies then maintained by the Company providing directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, in respect of Indemnitee, for a period of six years thereafter. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee for Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any successful action brought by Indemnitee for recovery under any insurance policy referred to in this Section 8 and shall advance to Indemnitee the Expenses of such action in the manner provided in Section 3 above.

 

5


Section 9. Certain Definitions.

 

  (a) Change in Control: shall be deemed to have occurred if:

(A) any person, as that term is used in Section 13(d) and Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act becomes, is discovered to be, or files a report on Schedule 13D or 14D-1 (or any successor schedule, form or report) disclosing that such person is a beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act or any successor rule or regulation), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 15% or more of the total voting power of the Company’s then outstanding Voting Securities;

(B) during any period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board of Directors of the Company and any new director whose election by the Board of Directors or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority thereof;

(C) the Company, or any material subsidiary of the Company, is merged, consolidated or reorganized into or with an Acquiring Person or securities of the Company are exchanged for securities of an Acquiring Person, and immediately after such merger, consolidation, reorganization or exchange less than a majority of the combined voting power of the then outstanding securities of the Acquiring Person immediately after such transaction are held, directly or indirectly, in the aggregate by the holders of Voting Securities immediately prior to such transaction;

(D) the Company, or any material subsidiary of the Company, in any transaction or series of related transactions, sells or otherwise transfers all or substantially all of its assets to an Acquiring Person, and less than a majority of the combined voting power of the then outstanding securities of the Acquiring Person immediately after such sale or transfer is held, directly or indirectly, in the aggregate by the holders of Voting Securities immediately prior to such sale or transfer;

 

6


(E) the Company and its subsidiaries, in any transaction or series of related transactions, sells or otherwise transfers business operations that generated two thirds or more of the consolidated revenues (determined on the basis of the Company’s four most recently completed fiscal quarters) of the Company and its subsidiaries immediately prior thereto;

(F) the Company files a report or proxy statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act disclosing that a change in control of the Company has or may have occurred or will or may occur in the future pursuant to any then existing contract or transaction; or

(G) any other transaction or series of related transactions occur that have substantially the effect of the transactions specified in any of the preceding clauses in this paragraph (ii).

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 9(a)(ii)(A) or 9(a)(ii)(D), unless otherwise determined in a specific case by majority vote of the Board of Directors of the Company, a Change of Control shall not be deemed to have occurred for purposes of this Agreement solely because (i) the Company, (ii) an entity in which the Company directly or indirectly beneficially owns 50% or more of the voting securities or (iii) any Company sponsored employee stock ownership plan, or any other employee benefit plan of the Company, either files or becomes obligated to file a report or a proxy statement under or in response to Schedule 13D, Schedule 14D-1, Form 8-K or Schedule 14A (or any successor schedule, form or report or item therein) under the Exchange Act, disclosing beneficial ownership by it of shares of stock of the Company, or because the Company reports that a Change in Control of the Company has or may have occurred or will or may occur in the future by reason of such beneficial ownership.

(b) Claim: any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism, or any inquiry, hearing or investigation whether conducted by the Company or any other party, whether civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other.

(c) Expenses: include attorneys’ fees and all other costs, fees, expenses and obligations of any nature whatsoever paid or incurred in connection with investigating, defending, being a witness in or participating in (including appeal), or preparing to defend, be a witness in or participate in any Claim relating to any Indemnifiable Event.

(d) Indemnifiable Event: any event or occurrence (whether before or after the date hereof) related to the fact that Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, consultant, agent or fiduciary of or to the Company, or any subsidiary of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, trustee, agent or fiduciary of

 

7


another corporation, partnership, joint venture, employee benefit plan, trust or other enterprise, or by reason of anything done or not done by Indemnitee in any such capacity.

(e) Potential Change in Control. shall be deemed to have occurred if (i) the Company enters into an agreement, the consummation of which would result in the occurrence of a Change in Control; (ii) any person (including the Company) publicly announces an intention to take or to consider taking actions which, if consummated, would constitute a Change in Control; (iii) any person, other than a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or a corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company, who is or becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 9.5% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding Voting Securities, increases such person’s beneficial ownership of such securities by five percentage points or more over the initial percentage of such securities; or (iv) the Board of Directors of the Company adopts a resolution to the effect that, for purposes of this Agreement, a Potential Change in Control has occurred.

(f) Reviewing Party: (i) the Company’s Board of Directors (provided that a majority of directors are not parties to the particular Claim for which Indemnitee is seeking indemnification) or (ii) any other person or body appointed by the Company’s Board of Directors, who is not a party to the particular Claim for which Indemnitee is seeking indemnification, or (iii) if there has been a Change in Control, the special independent counsel referred to in Section 2 hereof.

(g) Voting Securities: any securities of the Company which vote generally in the election of directors.

Section 10. Amendments, Termination and Waiver. No supplement, modification, amendment or termination of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.

Section 11. Contribution. If the indemnification provided in Sections 1 and 3 of this Agreement is unavailable, then, in respect of any Claim in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in the Claim), the Company shall contribute to the amount of Expenses, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement as appropriate to reflect: (i) the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and Indemnitee, on the other hand, from the transaction from which the Claim arose, and (ii) the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and of Indemnitee, on the other, in connection with the events which resulted in such Expenses, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and of Indemnitee, on the other, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent the circumstances resulting in such Expenses and Liabilities. The Company agrees that it would

 

8


not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 11 were determined by pro rata allocation or any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations described in this Section 11.

Section 12. Subrogation. In the event of payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and shall do everything that may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such documents necessary to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.

Section 13. No Duplication of Payments. The Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment in connection with any Claim made against Indemnitee to the extent Indemnitee has otherwise actually received payment (under insurance policy, Certificate of Incorporation or otherwise) of the amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder.

Section 14. Binding Effect, Etc. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors, assigns, including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company, spouse, heirs, and personal and legal representatives. This Agreement shall continue in effect regardless of whether Indemnitee continues to serve as a director or officer (or in one of the capacities enumerated in Section 9(d) hereof) of the Company or of any other enterprise at the Board of Director’s request.

Section 15. Severability. The provisions of this Agreement shall be severable in the event that any of the provisions hereof (including any provision within a single section, paragraph or sentence) are held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or otherwise unenforceable, and the remaining provisions shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

Section 16. Applicable Law and Consent to Jurisdiction. This Agreement and the legal relations among the parties shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws rules. The Company and Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Delaware Court and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country, (ii) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, (iii) appoint, irrevocably, to the extent such party is not a resident of the State of Delaware, CT Corporation System, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, DE 19801, as its agent in the State of Delaware as such party’s agent for acceptance of legal process in connection with any such action or proceeding against such party with the same legal force and validity as if served upon such party personally within the State of Delaware, (iv) waive any objection to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in the Delaware Court, and (v) waive, and agree

 

9


not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.

Section 17. Identical Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement.

The parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year set forth on the first page of this Agreement.

 

CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP

A Delaware Corporation

By:     
Name:  
Title:  
By:     
Name:  
Title:  
Address:  

777 N. Broadway

Los Angeles, CA 90012

Fax Number:                             

 

AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED:
   
«IndemniteeName»
Address: «IndemniteeAddress1»
                «IndemniteeAddress2»

Fax Number:                                                          

 

10

EX-10.2 4 dex102.htm AMENDED AND RESTATED EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN Amended and Restated Employee Stock Ownership Plan

Exhibit 10.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED CATHAY BANK

EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    

Page

ARTICLE I NAME, DEFINITIONS & FUNDING POLICY

   1

Section 1.1: Full Name

   1

Section 1.2: Definitions

   1

Section 1.3: Other Definitions

   11

Section 1.4: Funding Policy

   12

ARTICLE II PARTICIPATION

   12

Section 2.1: Eligibility Requirements

   12

Section 2.2: Application For Participation And Beneficiary Designation

   12

Section 2.3: Participation

   13

Section 2.4: Break In Service Rules For Eligibility Purposes

   13

ARTICLE III CONTRIBUTIONS

   14

Section 3.1: Company Contributions

   14

Section 3.2: Payment Of Contributions To The Trustee

   14

Section 3.3: Participant Contributions

   14

Section 3.4: No Requirement For Profits

   14

ARTICLE IV ALLOCATIONS TO PARTICIPANTS’ ACCOUNTS

   14

Section 4.1: Stock Account

   14

Section 4.2: Cash Account

   15

Section 4.3: Unallocated Stock Account

   15

Section 4.4: Allocation Of Gains And Losses

   15

Section 4.5: Allocation Of Company Contributions

   15

Section 4.6: Allocation Of Cash Dividends On Stock

   16

Section 4.7: Allocation Of Stock Dividends

   16

Section 4.8: Release And Allocation Of Leveraged Stock

   16

Section 4.9: Notice Of Allocations

   17

Section 4.10: Miscellaneous Allocation Rules

   18

Section 4.11: Valuation Of Stock

   19

Section 4.12: Accounts In General

   19

Section 4.13: Limitation On Annual Additions

   19

ARTICLE V VESTING

   22

Section 5.1: Vesting In Accounts

   22

ARTICLE VI DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS

   23

Section 6.1: Distribution Of Benefits

   23

Section 6.2: Methods Of Distribution

   23

Section 6.3: Timing Of Distributions

   25

Section 6.4: Postponed Retirement

   27

 

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Section 6.5: Distributions Due Missing Persons

   27

Section 6.6: Transfers To Another Qualified Plan

   28

ARTICLE VII SALE OF STOCK

   29

Section 7.1: Option To Sell Shares Of Stock

   29

Section 7.2: Right Of First Refusal

   30

ARTICLE VIII TOP-HEAVY PLAN LIMITATIONS

   31

Section 8.1: Application Of Top-Heavy Rules

   31

Section 8.2: Definitions

   31

Section 8.3: 60% Test - Special Rules

   34

Section 8.4: Minimum Vesting Requirement

   36

Section 8.5: Minimum Contribution Requirement

   36

ARTICLE IX INVESTMENTS

   37

Section 9.1: Investment Of Company Contributions

   37

Section 9.2: Leveraged Stock Authorized

   37

Section 9.3: Certain Nonterminable Provisions

   40

Section 9.4: Diversification Of Stock

   40

Section 9.5: Voting Of Stock

   41

ARTICLE X THE COMMITTEE

   42

Section 10.1: Members

   42

Section 10.2: Committee Action

   42

Section 10.3: Rights And Duties

   43

Section 10.4: Information

   44

Section 10.5: Compensation, Indemnity And Liability

   45

Section 10.6: Administrative Expenses Of The Plan

   45

ARTICLE XI AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION

   45

Section 11.1: Amendments

   45

Section 11.2: Discontinuance Of Plan

   46

Section 11.3: Failure To Contribute

   47

ARTICLE XII CLAIMS PROCEDURE

   47

Section 12.1: Presentation Of Claim

   47

Section 12.2: Notification Of Decision

   47

Section 12.3: Review Of A Denied Claim

   48

Section 12.4: Decision On Review

   49

ARTICLE XIII MISCELLANEOUS

   50

Section 13.1: Contributions Not Recoverable

   50

Section 13.2: Limitation On Participants’ Rights

   50

Section 13.3: Receipt Or Release

   51

Section 13.4: Nonassignability

   51

Section 13.5: Governing Law

   51

 

-ii-


Section 13.6: Headings

   51

Section 13.7: Counterparts

   51

Section 13.8: Successors And Assigns

   52

Section 13.9: Gender And Number

   52

Section 13.10: Merger, Consolidation Or Transfer Of Plan Assets

   52

Section 13.11: Joinder Of Parties

   52

Section 13.12: The Trust

   52

Section 13.13: Participation By Affiliated Companies

   52

Section 13.14: Special Requirements For USERRA

   52

 

-iii-


AMENDED AND RESTATED CATHAY BANK

EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN

CATHAY BANCORP, INC. has adopted the following complete amendment and restatement of its employee stock ownership plan that evidences the plan portion of an employee stock ownership plan and trust for the benefit of the qualified employees of the Company. The terms of the Plan are as follows:

ARTICLE I

NAME, DEFINITIONS & FUNDING POLICY

Section 1.1: Full Name. This plan shall be known as the:

CATHAY BANK

EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN

It is hereby designated as constituting a defined contribution plan intended to qualify as a stock bonus plan under Code Section 401 and to constitute an employee stock ownership plan as described in ERISA Section 407(d)(6)(A) and Code Section 4975(e)(7). The Plan is designed to invest primarily in qualifying employer securities as defined in Code Section 409(l). The Trust established in connection with the Plan shall be known as the:

CATHAY BANK

EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP TRUST

Section 1.2: Definitions. As used in this document and in the Trust, the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings, unless a different meaning is specified or clearly indicated by the context:

“Accounts” shall mean, collectively, the Stock Account and the Cash Account that may be established under the Plan for a Participant. If both of such Accounts are not established for a Participant, then, as to such a Participant, “Accounts” shall mean the one of such Accounts that is established for such Participant.

“Adjustment Factor” shall mean the cost of living adjustment factor prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury under Code Section 415(d) for years beginning after December 31, 1987, as applied to such items and in such manner as the Secretary of the Treasury shall provide.

 

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“Affiliated Company” shall mean:

(a) a member of a controlled group of corporations of which the Company is a member;

(b) an unincorporated trade or business that is under common control with the Company, as determined in accordance with Code Section 414(c) and the applicable Regulations;

(c) a member of an affiliated service group of which the Company is a member, as determined in accordance with Code Section 414(m) and the applicable Regulations; or

(d) any other entity required to be aggregated with the Company pursuant to the Regulations under Code Section 414(o).

For these purposes, a “controlled group of corporations” shall mean a controlled group of corporations as defined in Code Section 1563(a), determined without regard to Code Sections 1563(a)(4) and 1563(e)(3)(C).

“Anniversary Date” shall mean the last day of each Plan Year.

“Article” shall mean an Article of the Plan.

“Beneficiary” shall mean the person or persons, as the context requires, last designated by a Participant to receive any benefit specified in the Plan that is payable upon such Participant’s death. If there is no designated Beneficiary or surviving Beneficiary, the Beneficiary shall be the Participant’s surviving spouse; or, if none, the Participant’s surviving descendants (including adopted persons), who shall take on the principle of representation; or, if none, the Participant’s estate; or, if there is no legal representative appointed to represent the Participant’s estate and if the Participant’s vested interest does not exceed $2,000, a person (or the persons) selected by the Committee who is related to the Participant by blood, adoption or marriage.

“Board of Directors” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company.

“Break in Service” shall mean a computation period in which an Employee has failed to complete more than 500 Hours of Service (unless due to an authorized, unpaid leave of absence granted by the Company in a nondiscriminatory manner). The computation period shall be, for eligibility and vesting purposes, the same computation period used in determining an Employee’s Years of Service.

 

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Solely for purposes of determining whether a Break in Service has occurred in any computation period, an individual who is absent from work for maternity or paternity reasons shall receive credit for the Hours of Service which would otherwise have been credited to such individual but for such absence (or, in any case in which such Hours of Service cannot be determined, eight Hours of Service per work day of such absence). An absence from work for maternity or paternity reasons means an absence (a) by reason of the pregnancy of the individual, (b) by reason of a birth of a child of the individual, (c) by reason of the placement of a child with the individual in connection with the adoption of such child by such individual, or (d) for purposes of caring for such child for a period beginning immediately following such birth or placement. The Hours of Service credited under this provision shall in no event exceed 501 hours, and they shall be credited (1) in the computation period in which the absence begins if such crediting is necessary to prevent a Break in Service in that period, or (2) in all other cases, in the following computation period.

“Cash Account” shall mean the Account maintained by the Committee for each Participant that is to be credited with such Participant’s share of the Trust’s assets (other than Stock) that are allocated to Participants.

“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and its successors.

“Committee” shall mean the Committee appointed pursuant to ARTICLE X.

“Company” shall mean CATHAY BANCORP, INC.

“Compensation” shall mean a Participant’s Earnings during the Plan Year, plus, for Plan Years beginning before January 1, 1998, any amount that is contributed by the Company pursuant to a salary reduction agreement and that is not includable in such Participant’s gross income under Code Sections 125, 402(e)(3), 402(h) or 403(b). In addition to other applicable limitations set forth in the Plan, and despite any other provision of the Plan, the Compensation of each Participant shall not exceed the Compensation Limitation (defined below). The Compensation Limitation is $150,000, as adjusted for increases in the cost of living in accordance with Code Section 401(a)(17)(B). The cost-of-living adjustment in effect for a calendar year applies to any period, not exceeding 12 months, over which Compensation is determined beginning in such calendar year. If such a determination period consists of fewer than 12 months, the Compensation Limitation will be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of months in such determination period, and the denominator of which is 12. If Compensation for any prior determination period is taken into account in determining a Participant’s benefits accruing in the current Plan Year, the Compensation for such prior determination period is subject to the Compensation Limitation in effect for such prior determination period.

 

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“Current Obligation” shall mean any obligation of the Trust arising from the extension of credit to the Trust in connection with the purchase by the Trust of Stock and that is either (a) payable in cash within one year from the date of reference pursuant to the terms of the applicable credit agreement, or (b) designated by the Committee as subject to current payment with Trust assets available therefore pursuant to the terms of the Plan.

“Defined Benefit Plan” and “Defined Contribution Plan” shall have the same meanings as given these terms under ERISA.

“Earnings” shall mean a Participant’s annual “compensation”, as that term is defined in Code Section 415, that is actually paid or made available to the Participant within the Plan Year. A Participant’s Earnings shall include such Participant’s wages, salaries, fees for professional services and other amounts received (without regard to whether or not an amount is paid in cash) for personal services actually rendered in the course of employment with the Company or any Affiliated Company to the extent that the amounts are includable in gross income under the Code (including, but not limited to, commissions paid salesmen, compensation for services on the basis of a percentage of profits, commissions on insurance premiums, tips, bonuses, fringe benefits, reimbursements, and expense allowances). “Earnings” shall not include:

(a) Any contribution made by the Company to a plan of deferred compensation to the extent that, before the application of the Code Section 415 limitations to that plan, the contributions are not includable in the gross income of the Participant for the taxable year in which contributed. In addition, the Company’s contributions, if any, made on behalf of a Participant to a simplified employee pension plan described in Code Section 408(k) are not considered Earnings for the taxable year in which contributed to the extent such contributions are deductible by the Participant under Code Section 219(b)(7). Additionally, any distributions from a plan of deferred compensation are not considered Earnings, regardless of whether such amounts are includable in the gross income of the Participant when distributed. However, any amount received by a Participant pursuant to an unfunded non-qualified plan may be considered Earnings in the year such amounts are includable in the gross income of the Participant.

(b) Any amount realized from the exercise of a non-qualified stock option, or when restricted stock (or property) held by a Participant either becomes freely transferable or is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture.

 

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(c) Any amount realized from the sale, exchange or other disposition of stock acquired under a qualified stock option.

(d) Any other amount that receives special tax benefits, such as premiums for group term life insurance (but only to the extent that the premiums are not includable in the gross income of the Participant), or contributions made by the Company (whether or not under a salary reduction agreement) towards the purchase of an annuity contract described in Code Section 403(b) (whether or not the contributions are excludable from the gross income of the Participant).

(e) Despite the foregoing, “Earnings” with respect to a Participant who is a non-resident alien (within the meaning of Section 7701(b) of the Code) shall mean wages within the meaning of Section 3401(a) of the Code, but determined without regard to any rules that limit the remuneration included in wages based on the nature or location of the employment or the services performed.

For Plan Years beginning after December 31, 1997, Earnings paid or made available during any Plan Year shall include any elective deferral (as defined in Code Section 402(g)(3)), and any amount that is contributed or deferred by the Company at the election of the Participant and that is not includable in the gross income of the Participant by reason of Code Section 125, 132(f)(4) (effective for Plan Years beginning after December 31, 2000) or 457.

“Effective Date” shall mean, except as otherwise expressly provided, January 1, 1997.

“Eligibility Computation Period” for each Employee shall mean a 12 consecutive month period beginning on such Employee’s Employment Commencement Date.

“Eligible Participant” shall mean, as of any Anniversary Date, (a) each Participant who has completed at least 1,000 Hours of Service on such Anniversary Date, and (b) each Participant who ceased to be an Employee during the Plan Year ending with such Anniversary Date by reason of his or her retirement on or after his or her Normal Retirement Date, death, or Total Disability.

“Employee” shall mean every common law employee of the Company and any Affiliated Company that has adopted the Plan with the permission of the Board of Directors who is classified in the payroll records of the Company or any such Affiliated Company as a salaried employee. The term “Employee” shall not include any person who is (a) employed by or through a leasing, temporary, or similar agency or company, or (b) classified by the Company as a leased employee (within the meaning of Code Section 414(n)(2)) of the Company or any such Affiliated Company.

 

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If any person described in the preceding sentence is determined to be a common law employee of the Company by court decision or otherwise, such person shall nonetheless continue to be treated as not being an Employee.

“Employer” shall mean, with respect to an Employee, the Company, any Predecessor Employer, and any Affiliated Company.

“Employment Commencement Date” for each Employee shall mean the date such Employee is first credited with an Hour of Service.

“Entry Date” shall mean the first day of the first month or the first day of the seventh month (whichever applies) of each Plan Year.

“ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and its successors.

“Fiduciary” shall mean a person who:

(a) exercises any discretionary authority, discretionary control, or discretionary responsibility respecting the management or administration of the Plan;

(b) exercises any authority or control respecting management or disposition of the Plan’s assets; or

(c) renders investment advice for a fee or other compensation, direct or indirect, with respect to any asset of the Plan, or has any authority or responsibility to do so.

“Financial Institution” shall mean a bank, trust company, or other financial institution that is regulated by the United States or any State.

“Freely Tradable Stock” shall mean Stock that, at the time of reference, is readily tradable on an established market.

“Hour of Service” shall mean:

(a) Each hour for which an Employee was paid by, or entitled to payment from, an Employer. Hours under this SUBSECTION (a) shall be credited to an Employee for the computation period or periods in which the services were performed.

 

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Generally, Hours of Service shall be determined from the Employer’s employment records. Despite the foregoing, if an Employee’s Compensation is not determined on the basis of certain amounts for each hour worked (such as salaried, commission or piece-work employees) and if his or her hours are not required to be counted and recorded by any federal law (such as the Fair Labor Standards Act), such Employee’s Hours of Service need not be determined from employment records. Instead, such Employee may be credited with 190 Hours of Service for each month in which he or she would be credited with at least one Hour of Service pursuant to this SUBSECTION (a);

(b) Each hour for which an Employee was paid by, or entitled to payment from, an Employer on account of a period during which no services were performed (irrespective of whether the employment relationship had terminated) due to vacation, holiday, illness, incapacity (including disability), layoff, jury duty, military duty or leave of absence. No more than 501 Hours of Service shall be credited under this SUBSECTION (b) for any single continuous period (whether or not such period occurs in a single computation period);

(c) Each hour for which back pay (irrespective of mitigation of damages) is either awarded against, or agreed to by, an Employer. The same Hours of Service shall not be credited under either SUBSECTION (a) or (b), whichever is applicable, and under this SUBSECTION (c). Hours of Service under this subsection (c) shall be credited for the computation period(s) to which the award or agreement pertains, rather than the computation period in which the award, agreement or payment is made; and

(d) Hours under SUBSECTIONS (a) through (c) above shall be calculated and credited pursuant to Section 2530.200b-2 of the Department of Labor Regulations, which is incorporated here by reference.

“Individual Medical Benefit Account” shall have the same meaning as is given that term under Code Section 415(l)(2).

“Investment Manager” shall mean a person or entity who (that) is (a) registered as an investment advisor under the Investment Adviser’s Act of 1940, (b) defined as a bank under that Act, or (c) an insurance company qualified under the laws of more than one state to manage, acquire and dispose of trust assets, and who has acknowledged in writing that he (she or it) is a Fiduciary with respect to the Plan.

“Leveraged Stock” shall mean any Stock that is acquired by the Trustee on an installment contract from, or with the proceeds of a loan made or guaranteed by, the Company or other disqualified person within the meaning of Code Section 4975(e)(2).

 

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“Named Fiduciary” shall have the same meaning as under Section 402(a) of ERISA and shall be determined as provided in SECTION 10.3.

“Net Profits” shall mean, with respect to any Plan Year, the Company’s net income or profit for such Plan Year, as determined on the basis of the Company’s books of account in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, before reduction for income taxes or contributions made by the Company to the Plan.

“Non-allocation Period” shall mean, with respect to a transaction for which an election under Code Section 1042(a) is made, the period beginning on the date of the sale of the Stock and ending on the later of (a) the date that is ten years after the date of the purchase of the Company Stock, or (b) the date of the Plan allocation attributable to the final payment of acquisition indebtedness incurred in connection with such sale.

“Normal Retirement Age” shall mean a Participant’s 65th birthday.

“Normal Retirement Date” shall mean the first day of the month that coincides with or immediately follows a Participant’s Normal Retirement Age.

“Participant” shall mean any Employee who becomes eligible for participation in accordance with the provisions of the Plan, and, unless the context indicates otherwise, includes former Participants.

“Plan” shall mean this document and the plan created by this document (including, unless the context indicates to the contrary, the Trust established in connection with the Plan), as it may be amended from time to time.

“Plan Year” shall mean the 12-month period that ends on December 31. The Plan Year shall be the “limitation year” for the Plan as defined in the Code.

“Predecessor Employer” shall mean any predecessor employer of an Employee that maintained the Plan.

“Prohibited Allocation Group” shall mean all persons who, with respect to a transaction for which an election under Code Section 1042(a) is made, are within any one or more of the following categories:

(a) During the Non-allocation Period, the seller of the Stock.

 

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(b) During the Non-allocation Period, any person who is related to such seller (within the meaning of Section 267(b) of the Code), except that it shall not include any lineal descendant of such seller if 5% or less of the shares of Stock (or other assets of the Plan in lieu thereof) attributable to such shares is allocated to all such lineal descendants. If the allocation provisions of ARTICLE IV would result in more than such 5% being so allocated, the Committee may limit such allocation to such 5% so that such lineal descendants are not included in the Prohibited Allocation Group.

(c) Any other person who owns (after the application of Section 318(a) of the Code) more than 25% of (i) any class of outstanding stock of the Company or any Affiliated Company, or (ii) the total value of any class of outstanding stock of the Company or any Affiliated Company. For this purpose, such person shall be deemed to own all Stock allocated to him or her in this or any other qualified employee benefit plan. Such person shall be included in the Prohibited Allocation Group if he or she meets such test either (i) at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of purchase of the Company Stock by the Trust, or (ii) on the date as of which such Stock is allocated to Participants.

“Qualified Holder” shall mean (a) any Participant or any Beneficiary(ies) or personal representative of a deceased Participant who has received a distribution of Stock from the Plan), (b) any other party to whom such Stock is transferred by gift or by reason of death, and (c) any trustee of an individual retirement account (as defined under Code Section 408) to which all or any portion of such distributed Stock is transferred pursuant to a Rollover Contribution.

“Regulations” shall mean the regulations issued under the Code or ERISA, or both of them, as well as under any other legislation that applies to the Plan.

“Rollover Contribution” shall mean a qualified rollover contribution as defined (before January 1, 1993) in Code Sections 402(a)(5), 402(a)(6), 402(a)(7), 403(a)(4), 408(d)(3) and 409(b)(3)(C), or (after December 31, 1992) in Code Sections 402(c), 403(a)(4), and 408(d)(3), but shall not include a rollover contribution that is attributable to contributions made on behalf of a Key Employee in a Top-heavy Plan, unless such a rollover contribution is permissible under the Code or applicable Regulations.

“Section” shall mean, when used in conjunction with some other reference (such as the Code or ERISA), a section of such other reference. When not used in conjunction with some other reference, Section shall refer to a section of the Plan or Trust, as the context requires. References to a Section include future amendments, and successors, to it.

 

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“Secretary” shall mean the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Committee.

“Secretary of the Treasury” shall mean the Secretary of the Treasury, as defined in Code Section 7701(a)(11).

“Signature Page” shall mean the page(s) at the end of the Plan entitled “Signature Page.”

“Stock” shall mean common stock issued by the Company (or by a corporation that is a member of the same controlled group of corporations) having a combination of voting power and dividend rights equal to or in excess of:

(a) that class of common stock of the Company (or of any other such corporation) having the greatest voting power, and

(b) that class of common stock of the Company (or of any other such corporation) having the greatest dividend rights.

“Stock Account” shall mean the account maintained by the Committee for each Participant that is to be credited which such Participant’s share of the Stock held in the Trust that is allocated to Participants.

“Total Disability” or “Totally Disabled” shall each refer to a physical or mental impairment that, in the Committee’s opinion, (a) is expected to be either of indefinite duration or result in death, and (b) renders a Participant unable to satisfactorily perform his or her duties for the Company or the duties of such other position or job that the Company makes available to such Participant and for which such Participant is qualified by reason of his or her training, education or experience. The Committee’s opinion must be supported by the opinion of a qualified physician designated or approved by the Committee.

“Trust” shall mean the trust established in connection with the Plan, as it may be amended from time to time.

“Trustee” shall mean the person(s) or entity, or combination of them, serving from time to time as the trustee(s) of the Trust.

“Unallocated Stock Account” shall mean the account maintained by the Committee for the purpose of holding any Leveraged Stock (until such Stock is released and allocated pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Plan).

 

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“Welfare Benefit Fund” shall have the same meaning as is given that term in Code Section 419(e).

“Year of Service” shall mean a computation period in which an Employee has completed at least 1,000 Hours of Service. The initial computation period shall be an Employee’s Eligibility Computation Period, and shall thereafter be the 12 consecutive month period beginning on the annual anniversary date of such Employee’s Employment Commencement Date.

“1% Owner” shall be determined in the same manner as a 5% Owner, defined below.

“5% Owner” shall mean a Participant who (a) owns more than 5% of the outstanding stock (or owns stock possessing more than 5% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock) of the Company (or any Affiliated Company), if the Company (or the Affiliated Company, whichever applies) is a corporation; or (b) owns more than 5% of the capital or profit interest in the Company (or the Affiliated Company, whichever applies), if the Company (or the Affiliated Company, whichever applies) is not a corporation. A similar rule shall apply to the determination of a “1% Owner.”

Section 1.3: Other Definitions. As used in this document and in the Trust, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings set forth in the indicated Sections, unless a different meaning is specified or clearly indicated by the context:

 

Term

   Section

“Aggregate Account”

   8.2

“Aggregation Group”

   8.2

“Annual Addition”

   4.13

“Claimant”

   12.1

“Committee”

   10.1

“Defined Benefit Plan Fraction”

   4.13

“Defined Contribution Plan Fraction”

   4.13

“Determination Date”

   8.2

“Eligible Retirement Plan”

   6.6

“Eligible Rollover Distribution”

   6.6

“Key Employee”

   8.2

“Non-Key Employee”

   8.2

“Present Value of Accrued Benefit”

   8.2

“Qualified Election Period”

   9.4

“Qualified Participant”

   9.4

“Relevant Time”

   5.2

 

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“Top-heavy Group”

   8.2

“Top-heavy Plan”

   8.2

“Total Distribution”‘

   7.1

“Valuation Date”

   8.2

“USERRA”

   13.14

“1.0 Rule”

   4.13

Section 1.4.: Funding Policy. The Plan is to be funded primarily through the Company’s contributions as provided for in the Plan. The Trust’s assets shall be invested as provided for in the trust document in an effort to safely maximize potential retirement benefits (consistent with the Plan’s designation as an employee stock ownership plan), which shall be paid to Participants and Beneficiaries as provided for in the Plan.

ARTICLE II

PARTICIPATION

Section 2.1: Eligibility Requirements.

(a) Each Employee shall become eligible to participate in the Plan on the Entry Date coincident with or next following the date on which such Employee shall have completed two Years of Service, provided that he or she is still an Employee on such Entry Date.

(b) Despite any other provision of the Plan, any Participant who is included in a unit of employees covered by a collective bargaining agreement wherein retirement benefits were the subject of good faith bargaining (within the meaning of Code Section 410(b)(3)(A)) shall for the Plan Year(s) of such inclusion, cease to share in future contributions to the Plan, unless such collective bargaining agreement expressly provides for participation in the Plan; provided, however, that as to any benefits already earned, such Participant shall remain a Participant, subject to all the terms of the Plan.

Section 2.2: Application For Participation And Beneficiary Designation.

(a) Each Employee who becomes eligible to participate in the Plan shall be given an application for participation. That application shall (i) specify the beginning date of such Employee’s participation, (ii) contain such Employee’s acceptance of the benefits of the Plan and Trust and his or her agreement to be bound by the terms of the Plan and Trust, and (iii) allow such Employee to designate the Beneficiary whom he or she desires to receive benefits in the event of his or her death. A Participant may, from time to time, change his or her designated Beneficiary by filing a new written designation with the Committee. The Company, the Trustee, and the Committee may rely upon the designation of a Beneficiary that was last filed in accordance with the Plan.

 

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(b) Despite the provisions of SUBSECTION (a) above, a married Participant’s Beneficiary shall in all events be such Participant’s surviving spouse, unless such spouse consents to such Participant’s designation of a Beneficiary other than such spouse. A spouse’s consent to such a designation must satisfy the following requirements: (i) it must be in writing; (ii) it must acknowledge the effect of the Participant’s designation of a Beneficiary other than the spouse; and (iii) it must be witnessed by a designated Plan representative or a notary public.

Section 2.3: Participation. The participation of a Participant in the Plan shall begin as of his or her Entry Date and shall continue until the Participant’s entire benefit has been distributed in accordance with the Plan’s terms. A Participant (or his or her Beneficiary) may not receive any distribution of benefits except as provided for in the Plan.

Section 2.4: Break In Service Rules For Eligibility Purposes.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this Section, all Years of Service of an Employee shall be counted in determining such Employee’s eligibility to participate in the Plan.

(b) In the case of any Employee who has incurred a Break in Service, such Employee’s Years of Service that were completed before such Break in Service shall not be counted until he or she has completed a Year of Service after such Break in Service.

(c) This subsection shall apply to any Participant who does not have any nonforfeitable right to any accrued benefit that is attributable to the Company’s contributions. Such a Participant’s Years of Service before any period of consecutive Breaks in Service shall not be counted if the number of such consecutive Breaks in Service within such period equals or exceeds the greater of (i) five or (ii) the aggregate number of such Participant’s Years of Service before such period. Such aggregate number of Years of Service shall not include any Year of Service that is disregarded under the preceding sentence by reason of such Participant’s prior Breaks in Service.

(d) In addition to the foregoing, in the case of any Employee who incurs a Break in Service before satisfying the Plan’s eligibility requirements, such Employee’s Years of Service that were completed before such Break in Service shall not be counted. Further, a Participant who is re-employed shall participate immediately upon the date of his or her re-employment.

 

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ARTICLE III

CONTRIBUTIONS

Section 3.1: Company Contributions. The Company has previously made substantial contributions to the Trust. Subject to the Plan’s other provisions, for each Plan Year in which the Plan is in effect, the Company shall contribute to the Trust, out of its current or accumulated Net Profits, such amount, if any, as shall be determined by the Company. Despite the foregoing, the Company shall be obligated to contribute such amount as shall be necessary to provide the Trust with funds sufficient to pay any Current Obligation (including principal, interest, and any acquisition charges) incurred for the purpose of acquiring Stock. The Company’s contribution shall be paid in cash, Stock, or such other assets as the Company may determine; provided, however, that the Company shall contribute sufficient cash assets to the extent necessary to pay any Current Obligation. Furthermore, despite the foregoing, the Company’s contributions are conditioned upon their deductibility under the Code.

Section 3.2: Payment Of Contributions To The Trustee. All payments of the Company’s contributions shall be made directly to the Trustee and may be made on any date(s) selected by the Company. Despite the foregoing, the Company’s total contribution for each Plan Year must be paid on or before the date on which the Company’s federal income tax return is due, including any extensions of time obtained for the filing of such return.

Section 3.3: Participant Contributions. A Participant may not make nondeductible, voluntary contributions to the Plan. Similarly, a Participant may not make a Rollover Contribution to the Plan or a trustee-to-trustee transfer described in Code Section 401(a)(31).

Section 3.4: No Requirement For Profits. Despite any other provision of the Plan, the Company may make all contributions to the Plan for any Plan Year without regard to whether the Company has any Net Profits for the taxable year or years ending with or within such Plan Year.

ARTICLE IV

ALLOCATIONS TO PARTICIPANTS’ ACCOUNTS

Section 4.1: Stock Account. The Committee shall open and maintain a Stock Account in the name of each Participant, and it shall be credited or charged with any Stock allocable to such Participant as set forth below.

 

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Section 4.2: Cash Account. The Committee shall open and maintain a Cash Account in the name of each Participant, and it shall be credited or charged with any amount allocable to such Participant (other than Stock) as set forth below.

Section 4.3: Unallocated Stock Account. At such time as any Leveraged Stock is held in the Trust, the Committee shall open and maintain an Unallocated Stock Account, and it shall be credited with any unallocated Leveraged Stock until such Stock is released and allocated as set forth below.

Section 4.4: Allocation Of Gains And Losses. Subject to SECTION 4.5(a)(i) below, as of each Anniversary Date (but before any allocation is made of the Company’s contributions, if any, for the Plan Year ending on such Anniversary Date, if, and to the extent, made prior to such date), the Committee shall credit any income and investment gains (whether realized or unrealized) of the Trust other than with respect to Stock, and shall charge any losses (whether realized or unrealized) from such assets and unallocated expenses of the Trust, to the Participants’ Cash Accounts in the same proportion that the balance in each such Cash Account as of such Anniversary Date bears to the total balance in all Cash Accounts as of such Anniversary Date. In determining the unrealized investment gains and losses to be credited or charged as of each Anniversary Date pursuant to this Section, the Trustee shall value the assets of the Trust at their fair market value as of each such Anniversary Date.

Section 4.5: Allocation Of Company Contributions.

(a) Subject to the limitations contained elsewhere in the Plan, as of each Anniversary Date, the Company’s contribution (if any) made on account of the Plan Year ending on such Anniversary Date shall be allocated as follows:

(i) Any cash contribution shall be applied first to pay any Current Obligation of the Trust (as it becomes due) incurred for the purpose of acquiring Stock, and any excess remaining after such application (and any other asset contributed that is not Stock) shall, at the election of the Committee, either (A) be used to prepay any loan obligation of the Trust that arose in connection with the Trust’s purchase of Stock, or (B) be allocated to the Cash Accounts of the Eligible Participants in accordance with the allocation formula set forth in SUBSECTION (b) below. Subject to SECTION 4.6 below, for the purpose of determining the method of allocation of the excess, the Current Obligation shall be deemed to have been paid first with cash dividends, and, if any portion of the Current Obligation shall remain unpaid after the application of all the cash dividends, the balance due shall be deemed paid with Company cash contributions for the Plan Year.

 

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(ii) Any contribution of Stock shall be allocated to the Stock Accounts of the Eligible Participants in accordance with the allocation formula set forth in SUBSECTION (b) below.

(b) For purposes of this Article, any item to be allocated pursuant to the formula set forth in this SUBSECTION (b) shall be allocated to the Cash Accounts, or Stock Accounts, as the case may be, of the Eligible Participants in the same ratio as each Eligible Participant’s number of Units bears to the total number of Units of all such Eligible Participants. For purposes of this SUBSECTION (b), each Eligible Participant shall be credited with one Unit for each full $100 of Compensation and with one Unit for each Year of Service.

Section 4.6: Allocation Of Cash Dividends On Stock. Any cash dividends received by the Trustee on account of the Stock shall, at the discretion of the Committee, either (a) be used to make any payment on any installment contract or loan used to acquire Leveraged Stock, or (b) be allocated to the Participants’ Cash Accounts and the Unallocated Stock Account in proportion to the shares of Stock held in the Participants’ Stock Accounts and the Unallocated Stock Account, respectively, as of the record date of such dividend. The Committee may not elect to use method (a) above unless the Stock is allocated in a manner in compliance with Code Section 404(k)(2)(B).

Section 4.7: Allocation Of Stock Dividends. Any Stock received by the Trustee as a stock dividend (or stock split or as a result of a reorganization or other recapitalization of the Company) shall be credited to the Participants’ Stock Accounts and to the Unallocated Stock Account in proportion to the shares of Stock held therein as of the record date of such dividend. Any cash received by the Trustee in lieu of fractional shares in connection with such a stock dividend shall be allocated as provided in SECTION 4.6(b) above.

Section 4.8: Release And Allocation Of Leveraged Stock.

(a) All Leveraged Stock acquired by the Trust shall be held in the Unallocated Stock Account until released and allocated in accordance with the provisions of this Section. As of each Anniversary Date, Leveraged Stock acquired in a particular transaction shall be released from the Unallocated Stock Account as follows:

(i) Subject to the requirements of Treasury Regulation Section 54.4975-7(b)(8)(ii) and SUBSECTION (ii) below, for each Plan Year until any loan or installment obligation that was incurred to purchase Leveraged Stock (a “loan”) is fully repaid, the number of shares of Leveraged Stock released from the Unallocated Stock Account shall equal the number of unreleased shares immediately before such release for the then current Plan Year multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of

 

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principal paid on such loan for such Plan Year and the denominator of which is the sum of such numerator plus the principal to be paid on such loan for all future years during the duration of the term of such loan (determined without reference to any possible extensions of renewals thereof). Despite the foregoing, in the event such loan shall be repaid with the proceeds of a subsequent loan, such repayment shall not operate to release all such Leveraged Stock but rather such release shall be effected pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section on the basis of payments of principal on such substitute loan.

(ii) To the extent that SUBSECTION (i) is not applicable by reason of Treasury Regulation Section 54.4975-7(b)(8)(ii), or if the Committee irrevocably so elects at the time of the first payment on any loan, then SUBSECTION (i) shall be applied with respect to all payments on such loan by deeming all references to “principal” therein to be references to “principal and interest.”

(b) The Committee shall specify, and advise the Trustee with respect to:

(i) the amount (if any) of the Company’s contribution that is to be applied (together with the earnings thereon) to pay any Current Obligation, and

(ii) the amount (if any) of cash dividends held pursuant to SECTION 4.6 that is to be applied to pay any Current Obligation.

(c) Subject to the last sentence of SECTION 4.6, as of each Anniversary Date, the value of any Leveraged Stock released from the Unallocated Stock Account for such Plan Year shall be allocated among the Eligible Participants in the same proportion as such Participants would have received allocations pursuant to SECTION 4.5, as if such released Stock had been contributed during such Plan Year.

(d) It is intended that the preceding provisions shall be applied and construed in a manner consistent with the requirements and provisions of Treasury Regulation Section 54.4975-7(b)(8).

Section 4.9: Notice Of Allocations.

(a) After the close of each Plan Year, the Committee shall notify each Participant as to the allocations made during the Plan Year pursuant to this ARTICLE IV, which notice shall include the information set forth below.

(b) The balance in the Participant’s Cash Account and the number of shares held in the Participant’s Stock Account as of the most recent Anniversary Date;

 

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(c) The amount of Company Contributions and Leveraged Stock (if any) allocated to the Participant’s Accounts for that Plan Year;

(d) The adjustment to the Participant’s Accounts to reflect the Participant’s share of undistributed dividends held at year end (if any) and the net income (or loss) of the Trust for that Plan Year;

(e) The new balance in the Participant’s Cash Accounts and the number of shares held in the Participant’s Stock Account, as of the Anniversary Date of that Plan Year; and

(f) Such other information as may be required by the applicable Regulations.

Section 4.10: Miscellaneous Allocation Rules.

(a) Allocations of all assets other than Stock shall be made on the basis of, and expressed in terms of, dollar value. Allocations of Stock shall be made on the basis of the number of shares of Stock (including fractional shares).

(b) The Committee may establish accounting procedures for the purpose of making the allocations, valuations and adjustments to Participants’ Accounts provided for in this Article IV. From time to time, the Committee may modify such accounting procedures for the purpose of achieving equitable, nondiscriminatory, and administratively feasible allocations among the Accounts of Participants in accordance with the general concepts of the Plan and the provisions of this Article IV.

(c) Despite any other provision of the Plan, if shares of Stock are purchased by the Trust in a transaction for which an election pursuant to Code Section 1042(a) is made, none of such shares, nor any other assets of the Plan in lieu thereof, shall accrue for the benefit of or be allocated, directly or indirectly, under this Plan or any other qualified employee benefit plan of the Company or any Affiliated Company, to the Accounts of any member of the Prohibited Allocation Group. In the event that any member of the Prohibited Allocation Group is a Participant in the Plan, (i) if there are no Company contributions to be allocated as of an Anniversary Date other than shares of Stock and/or other assets which are subject to this provision, such Participant shall receive no allocation thereof, (ii) no portion of the Cash Account balance of such Participant may be used to acquire shares of Stock and/or other assets which are subject to this provision, and (iii) if there are Company contributions to be allocated as of an Anniversary Date and such includes both shares of Stock and/or other assets which are subject to this provision and share and/or other assets which are not subject to this provision, the allocation shall be made so that such Participant receives no allocation of Stock or other assets whatsoever to the extent of the percentage of Compensation received by the other Participants attributable to Stock and/or other assets which are subject to this provision, provided that if there is additional Stock and/or other assets to be allocated, then such additional allocations shall be made to all Participants as otherwise provided in the Article IV. All allocations of Stock and other assets shall in all respects comply with the provisions of Section 409(n) of the Code and the Regulations thereunder, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

 

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Section 4.11: Valuation Of Stock.

(a) If, on any Anniversary Date or other valuation date required under the terms of the Plan, Trust, or Regulation Section 54.4975-11(d)(5), the Stock is not Freely Tradable Stock, the Company shall furnish the Committee with a certificate of value setting forth the fair market value of the Stock as of such date. Such valuation shall be made (i) in good faith and in accordance with Regulation Section 54.4975-11(d)(5) and ERISA Section 3(18); and (ii) by an independent appraiser who satisfies the requirements of the Regulations under Code Section 170(a)(1). The Committee shall use such value for all purposes under the Plan until a new certificate of value is furnished to the Committee, or until the Stock becomes Freely Tradable Stock. If the Stock is Freely Tradable Stock, the Committee shall use the market price of the Stock as its value. This certificate of value shall be furnished to Qualified Holders of Stock that has been distributed to a terminated Participant or a Beneficiary.

(b) Any Stock acquired by the Trust with cash shall be valued initially at the purchase price paid by the Trust. All such initial valuations are subject to revaluation as of any subsequent date of valuation that may apply pursuant to the terms of this Plan and/or applicable law.

Section 4.12: Accounts In General.

(a) The credits made to a Participant’s Accounts shall not vest in such Participant any right, title or interest in the Trust, except to the extent, at the time or times, and upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan. Neither the Company, the Trustee, nor the Committee, to any extent, warrant, guarantee or represent that the value of any Participant’s Accounts at any time will equal or exceed the amount previously allocated or contributed to such Accounts.

(b) If at any time there shall be allocated to a Participant’s Stock Accounts more than one class of Stock, the Committee shall direct the Trustee with respect to whether sub-accounts for each such class of stock shall be maintained, and if so, all references in this Plan to Stock Accounts shall include and refer to all such sub-accounts.

Section 4.13: Limitation On Annual Additions.

(a) The following limitations shall apply to the allocations to each Participant’s Accounts in any Plan Year:

 

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(i) As used in the Plan, a Participant’s “Annual Addition” shall mean the sum for any Plan Year of:

(A) Such Participant’s share of the Company’s contributions; plus

(B) Such Participant’s share of any forfeiture; plus

(C) Such Participant’s allocable share of the Company’s contributions to any Individual Medical Benefit Account; and plus

(D) With respect to any Participant who is a Key Employee, any amount derived from the Company’s contributions paid or accrued after December 31, 1985 in taxable years ending after such date, and that is attributable to post-retirement medical benefits allocated to such Participant’s account under a Welfare Benefit Fund maintained by the Company.

(ii) Despite the forgoing, if, for any Plan Year, (A) there is Leveraged Stock and (B) no more than one-third of the Company’s contributions are allocated to highly compensated employees (as defined in Code Section 414(q)), then the Annual Addition of a Participant shall not include (A) his or her share of the Company’s contributions for such Plan Year that are deductible under Code Section 404(a)(9)(B), (B) his or her share of forfeitures of Stock acquired with the proceeds of a loan or installment obligation described in Code Section 404(a)(9)(A), or (c) Leveraged Stock that is released from the Unallocated Stock Account in accordance with SECTION 4.8.

(iii) Any excess amount applied under SUBSECTION (c) below in a Plan Year to reduce the Company’s contributions on behalf of any Participant shall be considered to be an Annual Addition for such Participant for such Plan Year.

(iv) Subject to the adjustments set forth below, during any Plan Year the maximum Annual Addition for any Participant shall in no event exceed the lesser of:

(A) $30,000, as adjusted by the Adjustment Factor; or

(B) 25% of the Participant’s Earnings for such Plan Year.

(v) The earnings limitation referred to in SUBSECTION (a)(iv)(B) above shall not apply to (A) any contribution for medical benefits (within the meaning of Code Section 419A(f)(2)) after separation from service that is otherwise treated as an Annual Addition, or (B) any amount otherwise treated as an Annual Addition under Code Section 415(l)(1).

 

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(b) For Plan Years beginning before January 1, 2000, the following additional limitations shall apply to any Participant when such Participant, in addition to his or her participation in the Plan (and any Welfare Benefit Fund), is also a participant in a Defined Benefit Plan maintained by the Company or an Affiliated Company:

(i) The amount of (A) the Annual Additions to such Participant’s account(s) or (B) such Participant’s normal retirement benefit in any such plan(s) shall be reduced by each such plan’s committee to the extent necessary to prevent the sum of the Defined Benefit Plan Fraction (defined below) and the Defined Contribution Plan Fraction (defined below) for any such year from exceeding 1.0 (the “1.0 Rule”) (benefits under Welfare Benefit Funds shall be reduced first, then benefits under profit sharing plans, then benefits under other Defined Contribution Plans, and, finally, benefits under Defined Benefit Plans).

(ii) For the purpose of applying the 1.0 Rule, the Defined Benefit Plan Fraction and the Defined Contribution Plan Fraction shall be applied in a manner consistent with the provisions of Code Section 415 and the Regulations under it.

(iii) As used above, “Defined Benefit Plan Fraction” shall mean a fraction, the numerator of which is the Participant’s projected annual benefit under the Defined Benefit Plan (determined as of the end of the plan year for such plan), and the denominator of which is the lesser of:

(A) 1.25 multiplied by the dollar limitation in effect for such plan year (determined under Code Section 415(b)(1)(A)); or

(B) 1.4 multiplied by 100% of such Participant’s average Earnings for his or her highest three consecutive years, including such plan year (determined under Code Section 415(b)(1)(B)).

(iv) As used above, “Defined Contribution Plan Fraction” shall mean a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of the annual additions to the Participant’s account(s) as of the end of the Plan Year, and the denominator of which is the sum of the lesser of the following amounts determined for such Plan Year and for each of such Participant’s prior years of service with the Company:

(A) 1.25 multiplied by the dollar limitation in effect for such Plan Year (determined under Code Section 415(c)(1)(A), but without regard to Code Section 415(c)(6)); or

 

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(B) 1.4 multiplied by 25% of such Participant’s Earnings for such Plan Year (determined under Code Section 415(c)(1)(B), or Code Section 415(c)(7), if applicable).

(c) If, for any Plan Year, it is necessary to limit the Annual Addition of any Participant pursuant to SUBSECTIONS (a) or (b) above, the following reallocations shall be made:

(i) First, the amount of such Participant’s nondeductible, voluntary contributions for that Plan Year that are included in his or her Annual Addition shall be refunded to him or her;

(ii) Second, the amount of the Company’s contributions, inclusive of forfeitures, that is allocable to such Participant and that cause such Participant’s Annual Addition to exceed the applicable limitation shall, instead, be allocated to all other Participants who are not subject to this limitation, in proportion to their Compensation for such Plan Year; and

(iii) Third, if the amount of the Company’s contributions, inclusive of forfeitures, is so great as to cause all Participants for such Plan Year to be subject to the limitations of this Section, then the excess of the Company’s contributions that cannot be allocated for such Plan Year shall be held unallocated in a suspense account and applied against and reduce the Company’s future contributions.

(d) If a suspense account is in existence at any time during a Plan Year pursuant to SUBSECTION (c)(iii) above, it shall not participate in the Trust’s income, gains and losses.

(e) The limitations of this Section with respect to any Participant who, at any time, has been a participant in any other Defined Contribution Plan (whether or not terminated) or in more than one Defined Benefit Plan (whether or not terminated) maintained by the Company or by an Affiliated Company shall apply as if all such Defined Contribution Plans or all such Defined Benefit Plans in which the Participant has been a participant were one plan.

ARTICLE V

VESTING

Section 5.1: Vesting In Accounts. Each Participant shall at all times be 100% vested in his or her Accounts.

 

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ARTICLE VI

DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS

Section 6.1: Distribution Of Benefits.

(a) Benefits become distributable to a Participant or to the Beneficiary of a deceased Participant upon the first to occur of (i) the Anniversary Date that coincides with or first follows such Participant’s Normal Retirement Date, Total Disability, or death, or (ii) the third Anniversary Date that follows the date a Participant ceases to be an Employee prior to his or her Normal Retirement Date for a reason other than Total Disability or death. Such benefits shall be the vested amounts credited to his or her Accounts as of the Anniversary Date that coincides with or immediately precedes the first distribution of his or her benefits, adjusted as of such Anniversary Date if required by ARTICLE IV. However, a Participant (or the Beneficiary of a deceased Participant) must make a claim for such Participant’s benefits prior to any distribution. Despite the foregoing, the Committee, in its sole discretion, may waive the claim requirement if such Participant or Beneficiary is unable to submit a claim.

(b) Despite the foregoing provisions, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, elect to pay a Participant who ceases to be an Employee prior to his or her Normal Retirement Date for a reason other than his or her death or Total Disability an immediate lump sum distribution of the amount specified in SUBSECTION (a) above. The Participant’s consent to such a distribution is required if the portion of such distribution representing the vested portion in his or her Accounts is (or ever has been) in excess of $3,500 (or $5,000, for Plan Years beginning after August 5, 1997).

Section 6.2: Methods Of Distribution.

(a) When a Participant’s benefits become distributable, the Committee shall with reasonable promptness direct the Trustee to distribute such Participant’s benefit as follows:

(i) If a Participant’s benefits become distributable by reason of his or her death, the benefit shall be distributed to such deceased Participant’s Beneficiary as an immediate lump sum.

(ii) If a Participant’s benefits become distributable for a reason other than his or her death, the benefit shall be distributed with such Participant’s consent as an immediate lump sum or in installments as set forth below.

(A) The Participant may elect, by completing an appropriate form furnished by the Committee, that his or her benefits be distributed as follows:

 

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(1) The Participant may elect that his or her benefits be distributed in up to five equal or nearly equal annual installments, paid monthly, quarterly, or annually.

(2) If the fair market value of a Participant’s Stock Account exceeds $500,000 multiplied by the Adjustment Factor as of the date distribution is required to begin under SECTION 6.3 below, the Participant may elect that his or her benefits be distributed in substantially equal annual payments over a period of five years plus an additional one year (up to an additional five years) for each $100,000 increment (or fraction of such increment) by which the value of the Participant’s Stock Account exceeds $500,000.

(3) In addition, the Participant may elect that his or her benefits shall be paid in equal or nearly equal monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, or annual installments over a period not exceeding the life expectancy of the Participant, or the joint life and last survivor expectancy of the Participant and his or her Beneficiary. The expected return multiples of Section 1.72-9 of the Regulations under the Code shall be used to determine such life expectancy.

(B) Despite the foregoing, if the vested amount credited to such Participant’s Accounts is not (nor ever has been) in excess of $3,500 (or $5,000, for Plan Years beginning after August 5, 1997), the Committee may direct the Trustee to distribute such benefit as an immediate lump sum, without such Participant’s consent.

(iii) If a Participant’s benefits become distributable for a reason other than his or her death, and if such Participant dies before his or her entire benefits have been distributed, his or her Beneficiary shall receive a death benefit equal to the balance of the remaining installments (if any) or deferred lump sum (if any) due such deceased Participant.

(iv) Despite any other provision of the Plan, the benefits in the Participant’s Stock Account shall be distributed in the form of Stock.

(v) Despite the foregoing provisions, the Committee may at any time, with the consent of a Participant or his or her Beneficiary, direct the Trustee to accelerate any installment payment to such Participant or Beneficiary or to reduce the period over which future installments are to be made, in which latter event the Trustee shall adjust the amount of such installments accordingly. In addition, a Participant may at any time withdraw any or all of his or her undistributed benefit, and a Participant’s Beneficiary shall, unless such Participant provided otherwise, have a similar withdrawal right. If less than all of the undistributed benefit is withdrawn, the remaining installment payments shall be adjusted accordingly.

 

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(vi) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Section, if a distribution of a Participant’s benefit consists of more than one class of Leveraged Stock, the Participant must receive substantially the same proportion of each such class.

(b) The complete distribution of a Participant’s benefit as provided for above shall constitute full payment and satisfaction of any obligation of the Company, the Trustee or the Committee to such Participant or to the Beneficiary of a deceased Participant.

(c) If a distribution is one to which Code Sections 401(a)(11) and 417 do not apply, such distribution may commence fewer than 30 days after the notice required under Section 1.411(a)-11(c) of the Regulations under the Code is given, provided that:

(i) the Committee clearly informs the Participant that the Participant has a right to a period of at least 30 days after receiving the notice to consider the decision of whether or not to elect a distribution (and, if applicable, a particular distribution option), and

(ii) the Participant, after receiving the notice, affirmatively elects a distribution.

Section 6.3: Timing Of Distributions.

(a) The following provisions shall govern the timing of the distribution of a Participant’s benefit.

(b) If a Participant’s benefits become distributable because of his or her death or Total Disability, such benefits shall begin to be distributed as soon as is administratively practical following the Committee’s receipt of written proof of such Participant’s death or Total Disability. If a Participant’s benefits become distributable for a reason other than his or her death or Total Disability, such Participant’s benefits shall begin to be distributed as soon as is administratively practical after the date on which such Participant’s benefits became distributable. Despite the foregoing, and subject to SUBSECTIONS (c) and (d) below, a Participant’s benefit must begin to be distributed no later than 60 days after the latest of the close of the Plan Year in which:

(i) the Participant attained age 65 (or Normal Retirement Age, if earlier);

(ii) occurred the tenth anniversary of the year in which the Participant began participation in the Plan; or

 

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(iii) the Participant ceased to be an Employee. Despite the foregoing, a Participant may elect a later date on which the distribution of his or her benefit is to begin, in a manner consistent with the applicable Regulations. Any failure by a Participant (or, if he or she is married, such Participant’s spouse in the event of such Participant’s death) to consent to an immediate distribution of his or her benefit (provided that such benefit is otherwise then immediately distributable pursuant to the foregoing provisions) shall be deemed to be an election to defer distribution to the later of age 62 or such Participant’s Normal Retirement Age.

(c) Despite any other provision of the Plan, one of the following provisions shall apply:

(i) A Participant’s benefit shall be distributed to him or her not later than April 1 of the calendar year following the later of (A) the calendar year in which the Participant attains age 70  1/2, or (B) the calendar year in which the Participant retires, if such Participant is not a 5% Owner with respect to the Plan Year ending in the calendar year in which he or she attains age 70  1/2; or

(ii) Alternatively, distributions to a Participant must begin no later than the date determined under SUBSECTION (c)(i) above and must be made, in accordance with the applicable Regulations, over the life of the Participant or over the lives of such Participant and his or her designated Beneficiary (or over a period not extending beyond the life expectancy of the Participant or the life expectancy of the Participant and his or her designated Beneficiary).

(d) If a Participant dies before his or her entire interest has been distributed to him or her, the remaining portion of such Participant’s interest must be distributed at least as rapidly as under the method of distribution being used as of the date of the Participant’s death.

(e) If a Participant dies before distribution of his or her benefit has begun, the entire benefit of such Participant must be distributed within five years after his or her death.

(f) For purposes of SUBSECTION (e) above, any portion of a Participant’s benefit that is payable to or for the benefit of his or her Beneficiary shall be treated as distributed on the date on which such distribution begins if:

(i) such portion will be distributed in accordance with the applicable Regulations over such Beneficiary’s life (or over a period not extending beyond such Beneficiary’s life expectancy), and

(ii) such distribution must begin not later than the date that is one year after the date of such Participant’s death (or such later date as the Secretary of the Treasury may by Regulations prescribe). However, if such Beneficiary is the Participant’s

 

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surviving spouse, then the date on which the distribution is required to begin shall be not later than the date on which the Participant would have attained age 70  1/2, and if such spouse dies before the distribution to him or her begins, this subsection shall be applied as if such spouse were the Participant.

(g) For purposes of SUBSECTION (f) above, the life expectancy of a Participant and his or her spouse (other than in the case of life annuity) may be redetermined on an annual or less frequent basis, and under Regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, any amount paid to a child of a Participant shall be treated as if it had been paid to such Participant’s surviving spouse if such amount will become payable to such spouse upon such child attaining majority (or any other designated event permitted under the applicable Regulations).

(h) Despite the foregoing provisions, the Committee shall not permit any Participant to receive his or her benefits under a method of distribution that violates the Regulations under Code Section 401(a)(9), including the minimum distribution incidental benefit requirements of proposed Regulation 1.401(a)(9)-2, or any successor or final Regulation.

(i) With respect to distributions under the Plan made for calendar years beginning on or after January 1, 2001, the Plan will apply the minimum distribution requirements of Section 401(a)(9) of the Code in accordance with the regulations under Section 401(a)(9) that were proposed on January 17, 2001, notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary. This amendment shall continue in effect until the end of the last calendar year beginning before the effective date of final regulations under Section 401(a)(9) or such other date as may be specified in guidance published by the Internal Revenue Service.

Section 6.4: Postponed Retirement. If a Participant continues to be an Employee beyond his or her Normal Retirement Date, his or her corresponding participation in the Plan shall likewise continue. In such a case, to the extent permitted by law and the applicable Regulations, the distribution of such Participant’s benefits will be postponed until he or she actually ceases to be an Employee. Such Participant’s benefits will become payable as of the first day of the month next following his or her actually ceasing to be an Employee.

Section 6.5: Distributions Due Missing Persons. If the Trustee is unable to distribute any benefit due to a missing Participant or Beneficiary, the Trustee shall (a) so advise the Committee and (b) hold such benefit as a segregated part of the Trust, in which event such benefit shall participate in the income, gains and losses realized by such segregated Trust fund. The Committee shall then send a written notice to such Participant or Beneficiary at his or her last known address, as reflected in the Company’s or Committee’s records. If such Participant or Beneficiary shall not have presented himself or herself to the Company or to the Committee within three years of the date of such written notice, any undistributed benefit (and

 

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any income, gains and losses realized by such segregated part) may be applied against and reduce the Company’s future contributions to the Plan. Despite the foregoing, if at any subsequent time a valid claim for any undistributed benefit is presented to the Committee, such benefit that was so applied (and any income, gains and losses realized by such segregated part) shall be paid directly by the Company to such claimant.

Section 6.6: Transfers To Another Qualified Plan.

(a) If a Participant who is a distributee of any Eligible Rollover Distribution (as defined below) elects to have such distribution paid directly to an Eligible Retirement Plan and who specifies the Eligible Retirement Plan to which such distribution is to be paid (in such form and at such time as the Committee may prescribe), then such distribution shall be made in the form of a direct trustee-to-trustee transfer to such Eligible Retirement Plan, provided that such Eligible Retirement Plan accepts such a transfer. The foregoing sentence shall apply only to the extent that such Eligible Rollover Distribution would be includable in gross income if not transferred as provided in such sentence (determined without regard to Code Sections 402(c) and 403(a)(4)).

(b) “Eligible Rollover Distribution” shall mean any distribution of all or any portion of the balance to the credit of the distributee, except that an Eligible Rollover Distribution does not include: any distribution that is one of a series of substantially equal periodic payments (not less frequently than annually) made for the life (or life expectancy) of the distributee or the joint lives (or joint life expectancies) of the distributee and the distributee’s designated beneficiary, or for a specified period of ten years or more; any distribution to the extent such distribution is required under Section 401(a)(9) of the Code; any hardship distribution described in Code Section 401(k)(2)(B)(i)(IV) received after December 31, 1998; and the portion of any distribution that is not includable in gross income (determined without regard to the exclusion for net unrealized appreciation with respect to employer securities).

(c) “Eligible Retirement Plan” shall mean an individual retirement account described in Section 408(a) of the Code, and individual retirement annuity described in Section 408(b) of the Code, an annuity plan described in Section 403(a) of the Code, or a qualified trust described in Section 401(a) of the Code, that accepts the distributee’s Eligible Rollover Distribution. However, in the case of an Eligible Rollover Distribution to the surviving spouse, an Eligible Retirement Plan is an individual retirement account or individual retirement annuity.

(d) A Participant’s (i) surviving spouse and (ii) spouse or former spouse who is the alternate payee under a qualified domestic relations order, as defined in Section 414(p) of the Code, are distributees with regard to the interest of the surviving spouse, spouse, or former spouse and shall have the same rights as a Participant to make a transfer in accordance with this SECTION 6.6 as to the interest of the surviving spouse, spouse, or former spouse.

 

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ARTICLE VII

SALE OF STOCK

Section 7.1: Option To Sell Shares Of Stock.

(a) If a Qualified Holder receives a distribution consisting in whole or in part of Stock that is not Freely Tradable Stock at the time of distribution, then such distributed Stock shall be subject to a put option in the hands of the Qualified Holder, according to the provisions set forth below.

(b) During the 60-day period following any distribution of such Stock, a Qualified Holder shall have the right to require the Company to purchase all or any portion of such distributed Stock held by such Qualified Holder. A Qualified Holder shall exercise such right by giving written notice to the Company of the number of shares of distributed Stock that the Qualified Holder intends to sell to the Company. Such notice must be given within such 60-day period. The purchase price to be paid for any such option Stock shall be its fair market value determined as of the most recent valuation according to the valuation rules specified in ARTICLE IV.

(c) If a Qualified Holder fails to exercise his or her put option right under SUBSECTION (b), he or she shall have an additional right to exercise such option in the first 60-day period of the next following Plan Year. If a Qualified Holder fails to exercise his or her put option in this 60-day period, such option right shall expire and the Qualified Holder shall have no further right to require the Company to purchase such distributed Stock.

(d) In the application of SUBSECTION (b) and (c), the period during which a put option is exercisable does not include any time when a distributee is unable to exercise it because the party bound by the put option is prohibited from honoring it by applicable federal or state law.

(e) In the event that a Qualified Holder shall exercise a put option under this Section, then the Company shall pay the purchase price of such Stock as follows:

(i) If Stock is distributed to a Qualified Holder as part of a Total Distribution, then the Company shall pay the purchase price of such Stock in substantially equal installment payments made no less frequently than annually for no more than five years. The first such payment shall be made within 30 days after the date such put option is exercised. If the purchase price of the Stock is paid under this installment method, then the Company shall, at a minimum, (A) provide adequate security, and (B) state a reasonable rate of interest (at least equal to the imputed compound rate in effect as of the Exercise Date pursuant to the Regulations under Code Section 483 or 1274, whichever shall be applicable) for the full unpaid balance of the option price.

 

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(ii) If Stock is distributed to a Qualified Holder other than as a Total Distribution (i.e., on an installment basis), then the Company shall pay the purchase price of such Stock within 30 days after the date the put option is exercised.

(iii) “Total Distribution” shall mean a distribution to a Participant or a Beneficiary, within one taxable year, of the Participant’s entire Account balance to the credit of the Participant.

(f) The protections and rights provided in this Section are nonterminable and continue to exist despite (i) the repayment of any loan, the proceeds of which are used to purchase Leveraged Stock, and (ii) the cessation of the Plan’s status as an employee stock ownership plan.

(g) The foregoing put options under SUBSECTIONS (b) and (c) shall be effective solely against the Company and shall not obligate the Plan or the other Company in any manner; provided, however, that with the Company’s consent, the Plan or the other Company may elect to purchase any Stock that otherwise must be purchased by the Company pursuant to a Qualified Holder’s exercise of any such option.

(h) At the time of distribution of Stock that is not Freely Tradable Stock to a Qualified Holder, the Company shall furnish to such Qualified Holder the most recent certificate of value prepared by the Company with respect to such Stock. In addition, the Company shall furnish to such Qualified Holder a copy of each subsequent certificate of value until the put options provided for in this Section with respect to such distributed Stock expire.

(i) Except as is expressly provided above with respect to any distributed Stock that is not Freely Tradable Stock, no Participant shall have any put option rights with respect to Stock distributed under this Plan, and neither the Company nor this Plan shall have any obligation whatsoever to purchase any such distributed Stock from any Participant or other Qualified Holder.

Section 7.2: Right Of First Refusal.

(a) In the event a Qualified Holder holds Stock that is not Freely Tradable Stock, the Qualified Holder may not transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of any Stock unless the Qualified Holder has given the Company and the Trustee of the Trust the right of first refusal in accordance with the provisions set forth below.

 

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(b) The Qualified Holder must give written notice to the Company that the Qualified Holder has received an offer by a third party to purchase the Stock or that the Qualified Holder desires to transfer the Stock by gift, bequest or otherwise. The Company’s right of first refusal shall lapse seven days after the Qualified Holder gives such notice to the Company.

(c) After the Company’s right of first refusal lapses, the Trustee of the Trust shall have a right of first refusal, which will lapse seven days after the Company’s right of first refusal lapses.

(d) If the Company and the Trustee do not exercise the right of first refusal within the respective seven-day periods, then on the 30th day following the expiration of the Trustee’s seven-day period to purchase the Stock, the Qualified Holder may transfer the stock to a donee, or in the case of a sale, to a bona fide purchaser in the same quantity, and at the same price and terms that the Stock was offered to the Company and the Trustee.

(e) The selling price of the Stock and other terms under the right of first refusal must not be less favorable to the Qualified Holder than the greater of (i) the value of the security as determined under Regulation Section 54.4975-11(d)(5), or (ii) if applicable, the purchase price and other terms offered by a buyer (other than the Company or the Plan) making a good faith offer to purchase the Stock.

(f) The Company may require that a Participant or Beneficiary entitled to a distribution of Stock sign an appropriate stock transfer agreement (that evidences the right of first refusal) prior to receiving a certificate for Stock.

ARTICLE VIII

TOP-HEAVY PLAN LIMITATIONS

Section 8.1: Application Of Top-Heavy Rules. If the Plan is or becomes a Top-heavy Plan, the limitations and requirements contained in this Article shall apply and shall supersede any conflicting provision of the Plan.

Section 8.2: Definitions.

(a) Top-heavy Plan. A “Top-heavy Plan” shall mean, with respect to any plan year, (i) any Defined Benefit Plan maintained by the Company or an Affiliated Company if, as of the Determination Date, the total Present Value of Accrued Benefits under such plan for Key Employees exceeds 60% of the total Present Value of Accrued Benefits under such plan for all participants in such plan; and (ii) any Defined Contribution Plan maintained by the Company or an Affiliated Company if, as of the Determination Date, the total Aggregate Accounts of Key Employees under the plan exceeds 60% of the total Aggregate Accounts of all participants under such plan. Each plan of the Company required to be included in an Aggregation Group shall be treated as a Top-heavy Plan if the Aggregation Group is a Top-heavy Group.

 

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(b) Top-heavy Group. A “Top-heavy Group” shall mean any Aggregation Group if the sum of (i) the total Present Value of Accrued Benefits for Key Employees under all Defined Benefit Plans included in the Aggregation Group (determined as of the Determination Date for each such plan), and (ii) the total of the Aggregate Accounts of Key Employees under all Defined Contribution Plans included in the Aggregation Group (determined as of the Determination Date for each such plan) exceeds 60% of a similar sum determined for all participants in such plans. For purposes of determining whether the plans in a Top-heavy Group exceed the foregoing 60% test, the plans shall be aggregated by adding together the results for each plan as of the Determination Dates for such plans that fall within the same calendar year.

(c) Aggregation Group. An “Aggregation Group” shall mean each plan of the Company or of an Affiliated Company in which a Key Employee is a participant, and each plan of the Company or of an Affiliated Company that enables the plan(s) containing a Key Employee to meet the antidiscrimination requirements of Code Sections 401(a)(4) or 410, including terminating or terminated plans maintained within the last five years ending on the Determination Date that would, but for such termination, be part of the Aggregation Group. The Company can elect to include in the Aggregation Group any plan not otherwise required to be included, if such group, after such election, would continue to meet the antidiscrimination requirements of Code Sections 401(a)(4) and 410; provided, however, that any such plan will not be otherwise deemed a Top-heavy Plan by reason of such election.

(d) Determination Date. With respect to any plan year, Determination Date shall mean the last day of the preceding plan year or, in the case of the first plan year of any plan, the last day of such plan year.

(e) Present Value of Accrued Benefit: A participant’s “Present Value of Accrued Benefit” as of any Determination Date shall be calculated:

(i) as of the most recent valuation date (“Valuation Date”) which is within the 12-month period ending on such Determination Date;

(ii) for the first plan year, as if (A) the participant terminated service as of the Determination Date, or (B) the participant terminated service as of the Valuation Date, but taking into account the estimated Present Value of Accrued Benefit as of the Determination Date;

(iii) for any other plan year, as if the participant terminated service as of the Valuation Date; and

(iv) using the interest rate and mortality assumptions set forth in the Defined Benefit Plan.

 

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(v) solely for the purposes of determining if the Plan, or any other plan included in the Aggregation Group, is a Top-heavy Plan, the accrued benefit of a Non-Key Employee shall be determined under (A) the method, if any, that uniformly applies for accrual purposes under all plans maintained by the Company and all Affiliated Companies, or (B) if there is no such method, as if such benefit accrued not more rapidly than the slowest accrual rate permitted under the fractional accrual rate of Code Section 411(b)(1)(C).

For the foregoing purposes, the Valuation Date must be the same valuation date used for computing the defined benefit plan minimum funding costs, regardless of whether a valuation is performed that year.

(f) Aggregate Account: A participant’s “Aggregate Account” shall be determined as follows:

(i) For Defined Contribution Plans not subject to the minimum funding requirements of Code Section 412, a participant’s Aggregate Account as of any Determination Date shall be the sum of:

(A) such participant’s account balance as of the most recent valuation date (“Valuation Date”) occurring within the 12-month period ending on such Determination Date; plus

(B) an adjustment for contributions due as of such Determination Date. Such adjustment is generally the amount of any contributions actually made after the Valuation Date but before the Determination Date. In the first plan year, such adjustment shall also reflect any contributions actually made after the Determination Date that are allocated as of a date in that first plan year.

(ii) For Defined Contribution Plans subject to the minimum funding requirements of Code Section 412, a participant’s Aggregate Account as of any Determination Date shall be the sum of:

(A) such participant’s account balance as of the most recent valuation date (“Valuation Date”) occurring within the 12-month period ending on such Determination Date, including contributions that would be allocated as of a date not later than such Determination Date; plus

(B) an adjustment for contributions due as of such Determination Date. Such adjustment shall reflect the amount of any contribution actually made (or due to be made) after the Valuation Date but before the expiration of the extended payment period described in Code Section 412(c)(10).

 

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(g) Key Employee. “Key Employee” shall mean any participant of any plan maintained by the Company or an Affiliated Company who, at any time during the plan year or any of the four preceding plan years, was:

(i) an officer of the Company or an Affiliated Company whose annual Compensation exceeds 50% of the amount in effect under Code Section 415(b)(1)(A) for any such plan year (provided, however, that no more than 50 employees (or, if lesser, the greater of three employees or 10% of all employees) shall be treated as officers; provided further, however, that if the total number of officers exceeds this numerical limitation, only the highest compensated officers shall be included);

(ii) one of the ten employees who (A) has annual Compensation for a plan year greater than the dollar limitation in effect under Code Section 415(c)(1)(A) for the calendar year in which such plan year ends, and (B) owns (or is considered to own under Code Section 318) both more than a  1/2% interest and the largest interests in the Company or an Affiliated Company;

(iii) 5% Owner of the Company or an Affiliated Company; or

(iv) 1% Owner of the Company or an Affiliated Company whose annual Compensation exceed $150,000, or such other amount as may be allowed under Code Section 416(i) and the applicable Regulations.

In making this determination of a 5% Owner and a 1% Owner for purposes of this Section, (i) the Code Section 318(a)(2) corporate attribution rules, as modified by Code Section 416(i)(1)(B)(iii), shall apply, and (ii) the business aggregation rules of Code Section 414 shall not apply. For purposes of the foregoing definition, (i) the beneficiary of a Key Employee shall be treated as a Key Employee, and (ii) the beneficiary of a former Key Employee shall be treated as a former Key Employee. Inherited benefits will retain the character of the benefits of the Key Employee who performed the services for the Company. For purposes of the foregoing, the identification of the Key Employee will be determined in accordance with Code Section 416(i).

(h) Non-Key Employee. “Non-Key Employee” shall mean any Participant who is not a Key Employee, including any Participant who is a former Key Employee.

Section 8.3: 60% Test - Special Rules. For purposes of applying the 60% test described in SECTION 8.2(a), the following special rules shall apply:

(a) Participant Contributions. Benefits derived from both participant contributions (whether voluntary or mandatory, but not deductible contributions) and the Company’s contributions shall be considered.

 

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(b) Previous Distributions. In determining the Present Value of Accrued Benefit or the Aggregate Account of any participant under any plan (or plans that form the Aggregation Group), such present value or account shall be increased by the aggregate of distributions made to such participant from such plan (or plans forming the Aggregation Group) during the five-year period ending on the Determination Date. For this purpose, “participant” shall include an employee who is no longer employed by the Company or an Affiliated Company. Despite the foregoing, any distribution to a participant that is made after the Valuation Date and before the Determination Date for any plan year shall not be considered a distribution to the extent it is already included in such participant’s Present Value of Accrued Benefit or Aggregate Account as of such Valuation Date.

(c) Rollover Contributions. Rollover contributions shall be treated as follows:

(i) The following rules shall apply to related rollovers and plan-to-plan transfers (ones either not initiated by the participant or made to a plan maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company). If the plan provides such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer, it shall not be counted as a distribution for purposes of this SECTION 8.3. If the plan receives such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer, it shall consider such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer as part of the participant’s Present Value of Accrued Benefit or Aggregate Account, regardless of the date on which such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer was received.

(ii) The following rules apply to unrelated rollovers and plan-to-plan transfers (ones which are both initiated by a participant and made from a plan maintained by one employer to a plan maintained by another employer). If the plan provides such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer, it shall always consider such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer as a distribution for purposes of this SECTION 8.3. If the plan receives such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer, it shall not consider such rollover or plan-to-plan transfer as part of the participant’s Present Value of Accrued Benefit or Aggregate Account if it was accepted after December 31, 1983.

(d) Change Of Status. The accrued benefit or account of a participant who was formerly a Key Employee, but who ceased to be a Key Employee in any plan year, will not be taken into account for such plan year.

(e) No Service For Last Five Years. If any individual has not performed services for any employer maintaining the plan during the five-year period ending on the Determination Date, the accrued benefit or account of such individual shall not be taken into account.

 

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Section 8.4: Minimum Vesting Requirement. As the Plan’s normal vesting schedule equals or exceeds the top-heavy vesting schedule, the normal vesting schedule shall continue to apply if the Plan becomes a Top-heavy Plan.

Section 8.5: Minimum Contribution Requirement.

(a) If the Plan is a Top-heavy Plan, then in no event shall the Company’s annual contribution on behalf of any Non-Key Employee be less than 3% of such Participant’s Earnings. This minimum contribution shall be made even though, under the other provisions of the Plan, the Participant would not otherwise be entitled to a contribution on his or her behalf, or would have received a lesser contribution for the Plan Year, because of (i) the Participant’s failure to complete 1,000 Hours of Service, (ii) the Participant’s failure to make mandatory employee contributions to the Plan, or (iii) the Participant’s exclusion from the Plan because such Participant’s Earnings is less than the Plan’s stated amount. Despite the foregoing, no minimum contribution needs to be made under this Section on behalf of a Participant who was not an Employee on the last day of the Plan Year.

(b) For Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 1985, any Company contribution that is attributable to a salary reduction or similar arrangement shall be considered for purposes of satisfying the minimum contribution required by this Section. For Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 1989, elective contributions under Code Section 401(k) on behalf of Key Employees are taken into account in determining the minimum required contribution under Code Section 416(c)(2), but such contributions on behalf of Non-Key Employees may not be treated as employer contributions for purposes of the minimum contribution or benefit requirements of Code Section 416.

(c) If the Company maintains one or more qualified plans in addition to the Plan, and if the Plan is a Top-heavy Plan, then in accordance with the applicable Regulations, only one such plan need be designated by the Company to provide the minimum benefit provided for in this Section. However, if for Plan Years beginning before January 1, 2000, such multiple plans, including the Plan, include a Defined Benefit Plan and a Defined Contribution Plan, the 1.0 Rule (as it may be modified by the top-heavy plan transitional rule under Code Section 416(h)(3)) shall be in effect if, and only if, the following two requirements are satisfied:

(i) Minimum Benefit Requirement. The “3%” set forth in this Section shall be replaced by “4%”.

(ii) The 90% Test. The sum of the Present Value of Accrued Benefits plus the Aggregate Accounts held for all Key Employees under the plans cannot exceed 90% of a similar sum determined for all participants.

For purposes of the 1.0 Rule, all references to “1.25” shall be replaced by 1.0, if either of the above additional requirements is not met.

 

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(d) Despite the foregoing, if (i) the total annual contribution allocated to the Accounts of each Key Employee is less than 3% of each Key Employee’s Earnings and (ii) this Plan is not required to be included in an Aggregation Group to enable a Defined Benefit Plan to meet the requirements of Code Section 401(a)(4) or 410, then the total minimum annual contribution on behalf of each Non-Key Employee shall be equal to the largest percentage contribution on behalf of any Key Employee.

ARTICLE IX

INVESTMENTS

Section 9.1: Investment Of Company Contributions. The Plan is designed to invest primarily in Stock, and the Trustee is specifically authorized to invest up to 100% of the Trust’s assets in Stock. All purchases of Stock shall be made at prices that, in the Committee’s judgment, do not exceed the fair market value of the Stock, determined as required by SECTION 4.11 above. The Trustee may purchase Stock for cash or on terms, as directed by the Committee. Despite the foregoing, sufficient liquidity shall be maintained to meet the reasonably anticipated requirements of the Trust for payment of expenses of administration, investment and management and for distribution of benefits to Participants and Beneficiaries. To the extent the Trustee is not directed to acquire Stock, the Trustee may, subject to the direction of the Committee, invest and reinvest the Trust’s assets, together with the income therefrom, in assets other than Stock to the extent consistent with preserving the Plan’s status as an employee stock ownership plan as defined under Code Section 4975(e)(7).

Section 9.2: Leveraged Stock Authorized.

(a) The Committee shall have the power to direct the Trustee to borrow or raise money, in such amounts and under such conditions and terms as directed by the Committee, for the purpose of purchasing or otherwise acquiring Stock. Any such borrowing may be made from the Company, any shareholder in the Company, or from any other party. In connection with any such borrowing, and subject to any applicable margin requirement rule, regulation or statute, the Committee may direct the Trustee to issue its promissory note on behalf of the Trust. No person lending money to the Trustee shall be obligated to see to the application of the money lent or to inquire into the validity, expediency or propriety of such borrowing. Any such borrowing from the Company, or from any other “disqualified person” (as defined in Code Section 4975(e)(2)), or any other “party in interest” (as defined in ERISA Section 3(14)), shall be subject to the provisions set forth below.

(b) The proceeds of the loan shall be used (within a reasonable period of time after receipt) only to acquire Stock, to pay any charges or fees incurred in connection with the stock acquisition or loan, and/or to make payments under any such loan (including prior loans).

 

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(c) Other than the categories of assets specified in SUBSECTION (d) below, the loan shall be without recourse against the Plan or Trust. The only Trust assets which may be used as collateral for the loan shall be the Stock acquired with the proceeds of the loan or Stock used as collateral on a prior loan that was repaid with the current outstanding loan.

(d) No person entitled to payment under the loan shall have any recourse, for any payments due under the loan, against any Plan assets other than the following categories of assets:

(i) Unallocated Leveraged Stock (whether or not collateralized) acquired with the proceeds of the loan and held in the Unallocated Stock Account (but only prior to the release therefrom and allocation to Participants’ Accounts as provided under this Plan);

(ii) Company contributions (other than contributions of Stock) made to meet obligations under the loan;

(iii) Earnings attributable to the unallocated Leveraged Stock while held in the Unallocated Stock Account (including dividends thereon while held in the Unallocated Stock Account); and

(iv) Earnings attributable to the investment of the Company Contributions made to meet obligations under the loan.

Recourse against such assets shall be permissible to the extent allowed under applicable law governing creditor’s remedies, but in no event to an extent greater than permitted under SUBSECTION (e) below or such other applicable limitations as may be required in order for such loan transaction to qualify for the prohibited transaction exemption provided under Code Section 4975(d)(3).

(e) The provisions of this SUBSECTION (e) shall apply in case of a default in the repayment of the loan:

(i) In the event of a default, the value of Plan assets transferred to the lender in satisfaction of such loan shall not exceed the amount of the default.

(ii) If the lender is a disqualified person (as defined in Code Section 4975(e)(2)), a transfer of Plan assets upon default shall be made only upon and to the extent of the failure of the Plan to meet the payment schedule of the loan.

(iii) For purposes of this SUBSECTION (e), the making of a guarantee by the Company shall not be deemed to make the Company a lender; provided, however, that this provision shall not impose any personal liability on the Trustee.

 

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(f) The terms of the loan must provide that shares of Stock purchased with the proceeds of the loan shall be placed in the Unallocated Stock Account. The shares in the Unallocated Stock Account shall be released from the Unallocated Stock Account (and allocated to the Stock Accounts) as set forth above. Despite the foregoing, in addition to or in lieu of pledging the acquired Stock as collateral for the repayment of any loan, the Company may guarantee the repayment and/or may use Company assets to secure the repayment, and nothing herein shall require that the repayment of the loan be secured by Stock acquired with the proceeds thereof.

(g) If the proceeds of a loan are used to acquire Leveraged Stock, the following items shall be accounted for separately in the books of account of the Plan until the loan is repaid:

(i) The contributions (other than contributions of Stock) that are made under the Plan to meet obligations under the loan;

(ii) The earnings attributable to unallocated Leveraged Stock (purchased with the proceeds of the loan) while held in the Unallocated Stock Account (including dividends thereon); and

(iii) Earnings attributable to the investment of the contributions made to meet obligations under the loan.

(h) In the event that there shall be more than one class of Stock, the class or classes of Leveraged Stock acquired by the Trustee with the proceeds of the loan, and the relative proportions of the classes of Stock held by the Trustee, shall comply with any applicable requirements established pursuant to Regulations under Code Section 4975 so as to insure that the loan and/or the acquisition of Leveraged Company does not constitute a prohibited transaction within the meaning of the applicable provisions of the Code and ERISA.

(i) The loan shall be primarily for the benefit of Participants and their Beneficiaries and shall bear no more than a reasonable rate of interest.

(j) The Committee shall determine, and advise the Trustee with respect to, the amount of interest charges that are due from time to time by reason of any variable interest rate (or other similar provision) under any loan used by the Trustee to acquire Leveraged Stock. The Trustee may rely on the Committee’s determination and directions with respect to the amount of the interest charges, and the Trustee shall be released from any and all liability attributable to its reliance thereon.

(k) Any loan entered into by the Plan to purchase Stock shall be for a definite term, and shall not be payable upon demand of any person, except where there has been a default. Any such payment upon default shall be subject to the rules of SUBSECTION (e) above.

 

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Section 9.3: Certain Nonterminable Provisions. Except as is expressly provided in the Plan with respect to any distributed Leveraged Stock that is not Freely Tradeable Stock, no such Leveraged Stock shall be subject to a put, call, or other option, or buy-sell or similar arrangement while held by and when distributed from the Plan, whether or not at such time the Plan constitutes an employee stock ownership plan. The provisions of this Section shall not terminate notwithstanding that the loan used to acquire such Leveraged Stock shall be repaid or that the Plan ceases at any time to constitute an employee stock ownership plan.

Section 9.4: Diversification Of Stock.

(a) Election By Qualified Participant. Despite any other provision of the Plan, each Participant who is a Qualified Participant may direct the Committee to distribute 25% of the value of the Participant’s Stock Account balance, reduced by the amount of assets for which a prior election under this Section has been made. Such direction must be made within 90 days after the last day of each Plan Year during the Participant’s Qualified Election Period. Within 90 days after the close of the last Plan Year in the Participant’s Qualified Election Period, a Qualified Participant may direct the Committee to distribute 50% of the value of such account balance, reduced by the amount of assets for which a prior election under this Section has been made. The Qualified Participant’s direction (i) shall be provided to the Committee in writing, and (ii) shall be effective no later than 180 days after the close of the Plan Year to which the direction applies.

(b) Definitions. For the purposes of this Section, the following definitions shall apply:

(i) “Qualified Participant” shall mean a Participant who has attained age 55 and who has completed at least ten years of participation in the Plan.

(ii) “Qualified Election Period” shall mean, with respect to any Participant, the six Plan Year period beginning with the first Plan Year in which the Participant first becomes a Qualified Participant.

(c) Timing Of Distributions. At the election of the Qualified Participant, the Committee shall direct the Trustee to distribute the portion of the Participant’s account that is covered by the election within 90 days after the last day of the period during which the election can be made. Such distribution shall be subject to the put option and right of first refusal requirements set forth in Article VII. This SUBSECTION (c) shall apply despite any other provision of the Plan; provided, however, that if any distribution pursuant to this Section is in excess of $3,500 (or $5,000 for Plan Years beginning after August 5, 1997), the Participant must consent to such distribution as set forth in the Plan.

 

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Section 9.5: Voting Of Stock.

(a) Effective January 18, 1991, if the Trustee holds any Stock with voting rights, the Trustee shall vote such stock as follows:

(i) When notice of a stockholders’ meeting must be mailed to stockholders, the Committee shall cause to be prepared and delivered to each Participant and Beneficiary who has Stock allocated to his or her Account, a notice that:

(A) states the full number of shares of Stock allocated to the Participant’s Account, and

(B) instructs the Trustee as to how the Trustee shall vote the shares at the meeting or adjournment concerning each such matter.

The Committee shall instruct each Participant and Beneficiary to complete and return the notice to the Trustee.

(ii) The Trustee shall vote all shares of Company stock allocated to the Accounts of Participants as instructed in the notice.

(iii) Regarding Stock for which the Trustee has not received a notice that sets forth a Participant’s or Beneficiary’s instructed votes within five days prior to such meeting, including all fractional shares of Stock and all shares of Stock held in the Unallocated Stock Account, the Trustee shall vote such shares as directed by the Committee.

(b) The Committee shall in no event make any recommendation to any Participant regarding the exercise of the Participant’s voting rights or any other rights under the provisions of this Section, nor shall the Committee make any recommendation as to whether any such rights should or should not be exercised by the Participant.

(c) All rights (other than voting rights) of Stock, such as tender rights, held in the Trust shall be exercised in the same manner and to the same extent as provided above with respect to the voting rights of the Stock.

 

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ARTICLE X

THE COMMITTEE

Section 10.1: Members.

(a) The Committee shall consist of one or more members as determined by the Board of Directors. Its members shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. A person so appointed shall become a member by filing a written notice of acceptance with the Board of Directors. A member of the Committee may resign by delivering a written notice of resignation to the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may remove any member of the Committee by delivering a written notice of such removal to him or her. A resignation or removal shall be effective on the date specified in such notice or resolution. The Trustee shall be promptly notified by the Board of Directors of any change in the membership of the Committee, and shall be supplied with specimen signatures of each Committee member.

(b) Vacancies in the membership of the Committee shall be filled promptly by the Board of Directors. If the Company is not in existence when a vacancy in the Committee membership arises, such vacancy shall be filled as follows, in the indicated order of priority:

 

1st:

   The remaining member(s) of the Committee shall appoint new member(s) to fill all vacancies.

2nd:

   A majority of the adults then entitled to benefits from the Plan shall appoint new member(s) to fill all such appointment, then his or her spouse, if any, shall act for him or her. If there is no such spouse, then such adult’s guardian or conservator shall act for him or her.

3rd:

   If vacancies on the Committee are not filled pursuant to the foregoing, then a court of competent jurisdiction shall fill such vacancies. The Trust shall pay the expenses incurred in connection with such court appointment.

Section 10.2: Committee Action.

(a) The Committee shall choose a Secretary and an Assistant Secretary (either of whom is referred to below as the “Secretary”) who shall keep minutes of the Committee’s proceedings and all records and documents pertaining to the Committee’s administration of the Plan. Any action of the Committee shall be taken pursuant to the vote of a majority, or pursuant to the written consent of a majority, of its members. A quorum of the Committee shall consist of two members. The Secretary may sign any certificate or other document on behalf of the Committee. The Trustee and all other persons dealing with the Committee may conclusively rely upon any certificate or other document that is signed by the Secretary and that purports to have been duly authorized by the Committee.

 

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(b) A member of the Committee shall not vote or act upon any matter that relates solely to himself or herself as a Participant. If a matter arises affecting one member of the Committee as a Participant and the other members of the Committee are unable to agree on the disposition of such matter, the Board of Directors shall appoint a substitute member of the Committee in the place and stead of the affected member, for the sole purpose of passing upon and deciding that particular matter. If the Company is not in existence then, such substitute member of the Committee shall be appointed in the manner provided for in this Article when there is a vacancy in the Committee’s membership.

Section 10.3: Rights And Duties.

(a) Except as otherwise set forth in SUBSECTIONS (b), (c) and (d) below, all fiduciary responsibility respecting the management or administration of the Plan and its assets are vested in the Committee, and the Committee shall be the Named Fiduciary with respect to the Plan’s assets, and the administrator of the Plan as defined in Section 3(16)(A) of ERISA.

(b) The Trustee shall (i) have custody of the Plan’s assets, (ii) have the powers designated in the trust document, and (iii) be the Named Fiduciary with respect to the custody of the Plan’s assets.

(c) The Committee may designate one or more Investment Managers (including the Trustee, if the Trustee is authorized to be an Investment Manager) to manage the investment of the Plan’s assets, and such Investment Manager(s) shall be the Named Fiduciary with respect to the management and investment of the Plan’s assets.

(d) The Committee may designate one or more persons or entities to carry out any of its functions under the Plan, other than those of managing and controlling the Plan’s assets, which may only be done pursuant to SUBSECTIONS (b) or (c) immediately above.

(e) The Committee, on behalf of the Participants and their Beneficiaries, shall enforce the Plan in accordance with its terms, and shall be charged with the general administration of the Plan, except to the extent that powers are retained by the Company. The Committee shall have the discretion and authority to interpret the Plan. The Committee’s powers shall include (without limitation) the power:

(i) to determine all questions relating to the eligibility of Employees to participate in the Plan;

 

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(ii) to determine, compute and certify to the Trustee the amount and kind of benefits payable to the Participants and their Beneficiaries;

(iii) to authorize all disbursements by the Trustee from the Trust;

(iv) to direct the Trustee with respect to all investments of the principal or income of the Trust and with respect to other matters concerning the Trust’s assets;

(v) to maintain all the necessary records for the administration of the Plan, other than those maintained by the Trustee; and

(vi) to adopt, amend and interpret rules for the regulation of the Plan that are not inconsistent with its terms and the applicable law and Regulations.

(f) Members of the Committee and other Fiduciaries shall discharge their duties with the care, skill, prudence and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person, acting in a like capacity and familiar with such matters, would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character and with like aims. Subject to any right of Participants to direct how their Accounts will be invested and other provisions of the Plan, the Committee shall diversify the Plan’s investments so as to minimize the risk of large losses, unless, under the circumstances, it is clearly prudent not to do so, or unless the Plan specifically provides for the acquisition and holding of qualifying employer real property or securities, as defined in Sections 407(d)(4) and (5) of ERISA.

(g) A member of the Committee or other Fiduciary shall be liable for a breach of fiduciary responsibility of another member or another Fiduciary only if:

(i) such member or Fiduciary participates knowingly in, or knowingly undertakes to conceal, an act or omission of such other member or Fiduciary, knowing that such act or omission is a breach;

(ii) such member or Fiduciary has enabled such other member or Fiduciary to commit a breach by virtue of his or her failure to comply with the duty of care set forth above in the administration of such member’s or Fiduciary’s own responsibilities as a Fiduciary; or

(iii) such member or Fiduciary has knowledge of a breach by such other member or Fiduciary, unless such member or Fiduciary makes reasonable efforts under the circumstances to remedy such breach.

Section 10.4: Information. To enable the Committee to perform its functions, the Company shall supply complete and timely information to the Committee on all matters relating to the compensation of all Participants, their employment, their retirement,

 

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death, or the cause for termination of employment, and such other pertinent information as the Committee may require. The Committee shall advise the Trustee of such of the foregoing information as may be pertinent to the Trustee’s administration of the Trust.

Section 10.5: Compensation, Indemnity And Liability.

(a) The members of the Committee shall serve without compensation for their services. No member of the Committee or other Fiduciary need be bonded, except as required by federal or state law or regulation. The Committee is authorized to employ such legal counsel or other persons as it may deem advisable to assist it in the performance of its duties under the Plan.

(b) The Company shall indemnify and hold each member of the Committee harmless against any and all expenses and liabilities arising out of membership on the Committee, excepting only expenses and liabilities arising out of such member’s own willful misconduct or gross negligence.

Section 10.6: Administrative Expenses Of The Plan. All expenses of administering the Plan shall by paid by the Trustee and shall be a charge against the trust estate, except to the extent that such expenses may be paid by the Company. The expense of maintaining errors and omissions liability insurance, if any, covering members of the Committee, the Trustee, or any other Fiduciary shall be paid by the Company.

ARTICLE XI

AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION

Section 11.1: Amendments. The Company, through its Board of Directors, may amend the Plan from time to time, and may amend or cancel any such amendment. Each amendment must be set forth in a document that is signed by the Company, and the Plan shall be deemed to have been amended in the manner and at the time set forth in such document, and all Participants shall be bound by it. Despite the foregoing, any such amendment shall be subject to the following provisions:

(a) No amendment shall be effective that attempts to cause any asset of the Plan to be used for, or diverted to, purposes other than for the exclusive benefit of the Participants or their Beneficiaries, except for such changes, if any, that are required to permit the Plan to meet the applicable requirements of the Code, or as may be made to assure the deductibility for tax purposes of any contribution by the Company.

 

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(b) No amendment shall have any retroactive effect that would deprive any Participant of any benefit already vested, nor shall the vesting provisions of the Plan be amended, unless each Participant with at least three Years of Service is permitted to elect to continue to have the prior vesting provisions apply to him or her, except for such changes, if any, that are required to permit the Plan to meet applicable requirements of the Code, or as may be made to assure the deductibility for tax purposes of any contribution by the Company. Any such election must be made during the period beginning with the date the amendment is adopted and ending 60 days after the latest of:

(i) the date the amendment is adopted;

(ii) the date the amendment becomes effective; or

(iii) the date on which the Participant receives written notice of the amendment from the Company or the Committee.

(c) No amendment shall create or effect any discrimination in favor of Participants who are highly compensated Employees.

(d) No amendment shall increase the duties or liabilities of the Trustee without the Trustee’s written consent.

(e) No amendment shall decrease any Participant’s account balance or eliminate an optional form of distribution.

Section 11.2: Discontinuance Of Plan.

(a) The Company expects that the Plan and the contributions under it will be continued indefinitely, and the Trust is irrevocable. However, continuance of the Plan is not assumed as a contractual obligation of the Company, and the Company, through their respective boards of directors, reserve the right to reduce, temporarily suspend, or discontinue contributions under the Plan if, and to the extent, permitted under ERISA or the Code. Upon a complete discontinuance of contributions, the interest of each Participant in each of his or her Accounts shall become 100% vested, if it is not already fully vested. In addition, upon a partial termination (within the meaning of Code Section 411(d)(3)), the interest of each affected Participant in each of his or her Accounts shall become 100% vested, if it is not already fully vested.

(b) The Company, through its Board of Directors, may terminate the Plan at any time upon delivering a written notice to the Trustee. Upon the Plan’s termination, the interest of each Participant in each of his or her Accounts shall become 100% vested, if it is not already fully vested. Then the Trustee, at the direction of the Committee, shall, as is necessary, liquidate the Stock in the Unallocated Stock Account and use the net proceeds of such liquidation to pay any loan or installment obligation that was incurred to purchase Leveraged Stock. The net proceeds in excess of the amount used to repay such loan shall be allocated to the Participants’

 

46


Cash Accounts as set forth in Section 4.5(a)(i). The Trustee, at the direction of the Committee, shall also liquidate the Trust’s assets other than Stock and allocate the net proceeds of such liquidated assets to the Participants’ Cash Accounts, as set forth in Section 4.5(a)(i).

(c) The Plan shall automatically terminate upon the happening of any of the following events:

(i) adjudication of the Company as a bankrupt;

(ii) general assignment by the Company to or for the benefit of creditors; or

(iii) dissolution of the business of the Company,

provided, however, that the Plan may be continued by any successor business organization or any business organization into which the Company is merged or consolidated that employs some or all of the Participants, if such business organization agrees with the Trustee in writing to accept the obligations of the Plan and to continue it in full force and effect in accordance with Section 13.10.

Section 11.3: Failure To Contribute. The Company’s failure to contribute to the Trust for any Plan Year shall not, of itself, be a discontinuance of contributions to the Plan.

ARTICLE XII

CLAIMS PROCEDURE

Section 12.1: Presentation Of Claim. Any Participant or Beneficiary of a deceased Participant or duly authorized representative of either (such Participant or Beneficiary or duly authorized representative being referred to below as a “Claimant”) may deliver to the Committee a written claim for a determination with respect to the amounts (i) credited to (or deducted from) such Claimant’s Accounts, or (ii) distributable to such Claimant from the Plan. If such a claim relates to the contents of a notice received by the Claimant, the claim must be made within 60 days after such notice was received by the Claimant. The claim must state with particularity the benefit determination desired by the Claimant.

Section 12.2: Notification Of Decision. The Committee shall consider a Claimant’s claim within a reasonable time, but not later than 90 days after receipt of the claim by the Plan, unless the Committee determines that special circumstances require an extension

 

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of time for processing the claim. If the Committee determines that an extension of time for processing is required, written notice of the extension shall be furnished to the Claimant prior to the termination of the initial 90-day period. In no event shall such extension exceed a period of 90 days from the end of such initial period. The extension notice shall indicate the special circumstances requiring an extension of time and the date by which the Committee expects to render the benefit determination. Once the benefit determination is made in accordance with the foregoing, the Committee shall notify the Claimant in writing:

(a) that the Claimant’s requested benefit determination has been made, and that the claim has been allowed in full; or

(b) that the Committee has reached a conclusion adverse, in whole or in part, to the Claimant’s requested benefit determination. The Committee’s notice of adverse benefit determination must be written in a manner calculated to be understood by the Claimant, and it must contain:

(i) the specific reason(s) for the adverse benefit determination;

(ii) reference to the specific provisions of the Plan upon which such adverse benefit determination was based;

(iii) a description of any additional material or information necessary for the Claimant to perfect the claim, and an explanation of why such material or information is necessary; and

(iv) a description of the Plan’s claim review procedures set forth in Section 12.3 and the time limits applicable to such procedures, including a statement of the Claimant’s right to bring a civil action under ERISA Section 502(a) following an adverse benefit determination on review.

Section 12.3: Review Of A Denied Claim. Within 60 days after receiving a notice from the Committee of an adverse benefit determination, a Claimant may file with the Board of Directors a written request for a review of such adverse determination. Thereafter, but not later than 30 days after the review procedure began, the Claimant:

(a) may submit written comments, documents, records, and other information relating to the claim for benefits;

(b) shall be provided, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of, all documents, records, and other information relevant to the Claimant’s claim for benefits; and/or

(c) may request a hearing, which the Board of Directors, in its discretion, may grant.

 

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The Board of Directors shall take into account all comments, documents, records, and other information submitted by the Claimant relating to the claim, without regard to whether such information was submitted or considered in the initial benefit determination.

Section 12.4: Decision On Review. The Board of Directors shall render its decision on review within a reasonable time, and not later than 60 days after the receipt of the Claimant’s review request, unless a hearing is held or other special circumstances require additional time, in which case the Board of Directors’ decision must be rendered within 120 days after the receipt of the Claimant’s review request. If the Board of Directors determines that an extension of time for processing is required, written notice of the extension shall be furnished to the Claimant prior to the termination of the initial 60-day period. In no event shall such extension exceed a period of 60 days from the end of the initial period. The extension notice shall indicate the special circumstances requiring an extension of time and the date by which the Board of Directors expects to render the benefit determination on review. The Board of Directors’ decision must be written in a manner calculated to be understood by the Claimant, and it must contain:

(a) specific reasons for the decision;

(b) reference to the specific Plan provisions upon which the decision was based;

(c) a statement that the Claimant is entitled to receive, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of, all documents, records, and other information relevant to the Claimant’s claim for benefits;

(d) a statement of the Claimant’s right to bring an action under ERISA Section 502(a) concerning an adverse benefit determination; and

(e) such other matters as the Board of Directors deems relevant.

For purposes of this Article, a document, record, or other information shall be considered “relevant” to a Claimant’s claim if such document, record, or other information was relied upon in making the benefit determination; was submitted, considered, or generated in the course of making the benefit determination, without regard to whether such document, record, or other information was relied upon in making the benefit determination; or demonstrates compliance with the administrative processes and safeguards required under ERISA in making the benefit determination.

 

-49-


ARTICLE XIII

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 13.1: Contributions Not Recoverable. Subject to the next two sentences, it shall be impossible for any part of the Trust’s principal or income to be used for, or diverted to, purposes other than the exclusive benefit of the Participants or their Beneficiaries. Despite any other provision of the Plan, the Company shall be entitled to recover (within one year of the specified event):

(a) any contribution made to the Trust if (i) the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, or his delegate, determines that the Plan and the Trust do not meet the applicable requirements of the Code upon their initial qualification, with the result that the Trust is not exempt from federal income tax, (ii) such contribution was conditioned on such initial qualification of the Plan and Trust, (iii) the application for determination of such initial qualification was made within the time prescribed by law for filing the Company’s tax return for the taxable year in which the Plan and Trust was adopted, or such later date as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, and (iv) such contribution is returned to the Company within one year after the date the initial qualification is denied;

(b) any contribution by the Company that was made by a mistake of fact, provided that such a contribution is returned to the Company within one year of the contribution;

(c) any contribution by the Company (or any portion of it) that was disallowed by the Internal Revenue Service as a deduction, provided that such contribution (or such portion of it), to the extent disallowed, is returned to the Company within one year of the disallowance of the deduction; and

(d) upon termination of the Plan, any assets held in a suspense account pursuant to SECTION 4.13(c)(iii).

SUBSECTIONS (b) and (c) above shall be operative only if, and to the extent, expressly authorized by the applicable Regulations, or a Revenue Ruling, Revenue Procedure, or other official promulgation of the Internal Revenue Service.

Section 13.2: Limitation On Participants’ Rights. Participation in the Plan and Trust shall not give any Employee the right to be retained in the Company’s employ or any right or interest in the Trust other than as provided in the Plan. The Company reserves the right to dismiss any Employee without any liability for any claim against the Trust (except to the extent provided in the Plan) or against the Company. All benefits payable under the Plan shall be provided solely from the assets of the Trust.

 

-50-


Section 13.3: Receipt Or Release. Any payment to any Participant or Beneficiary pursuant to the Plan shall, to the extent of it, be in full satisfaction of all claims against the Trustee, the Committee, the Board of Directors, and the Company, and the Committee may require such Participant or Beneficiary, as a condition precedent to such payment, to sign a receipt and release to such effect.

Section 13.4: Nonassignability.

(a) None of the benefits, payments, proceeds or claims of any Participant or Beneficiary shall be subject to any claim of any creditor and, in particular, they shall not be subject to attachment or garnishment or other legal process by any creditor. In addition, no Participant or Beneficiary shall have any right to alienate, anticipate, commute, pledge, encumber or assign any of the benefits or payments or proceeds that he or she may expect to receive, contingently or otherwise, under the Plan.

(b) Any restriction or prohibition against the assignment or alienation of benefits under the Plan shall not apply to (i) a “qualified domestic relations order” (“QDRO”), as that term is defined in Code Section 414(p), or (ii) a benefit reduction or offset in accordance with Code Section 401(a)(13)(C). To the extent provided in any QDRO, a former spouse of a Participant shall be treated as the spouse or surviving spouse of such Participant for all purposes under the Plan. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Plan, a lump sum distribution may be made to an alternate payee under a QDRO at any time after the Committee has determined that such QDRO satisfies the requirements of Code Section 414(p) and Section 206(d) of ERISA, and regardless of whether or not the Participant who is a party to such QDRO is then eligible to receive a distribution under the Plan.

Section 13.5: Governing Law. The Plan and the Trust shall be construed, administered, and governed in all respects under and by applicable federal law and, if they are not inconsistent with federal law, the laws of the State of California. If any provision is susceptible to more than one interpretation, the controlling interpretation shall be the one that is consistent with the Plan being a qualified plan under Code Section 401. If any provision of the Plan is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, the other provisions shall continue to be fully effective.

Section 13.6: Headings. Headings and subheadings in the Plan are inserted for convenience of reference only, and they are not to be considered in construing the provisions of the Plan.

Section 13.7: Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and all such counterparts shall constitute but one and the same document, which may be sufficiently evidenced by any one counterpart.

 

-51-


Section 13.8: Successors And Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the parties to it, and their successors and assigns.

Section 13.9: Gender And Number. As used in the Plan, the masculine, feminine and neuter gender, and the singular and plural number, each include the other(s), unless the context indicates otherwise.

Section 13.10: Merger, Consolidation Or Transfer Of Plan Assets. The Plan shall not be merged or consolidated with, nor shall its assets or liabilities be transferred to, any other plan (the “new plan”) unless each Participant would receive in such new plan a benefit immediately after such merger, consolidation or transfer, if such new plan were then terminated, that is equal to, or greater than, the benefit he or she would have been entitled to receive immediately before such merger, consolidation or transfer, if the Plan had been terminated then.

Section 13.11: Joinder Of Parties. In any action or other judicial proceeding affecting the Plan, it shall be necessary to join as parties only the Trustee, the Committee and the Company, and no Participant or other person having an interest in the Plan shall be entitled to any notice or service of process.

Section 13.12: The Trust. This Plan and the Trust are both part of and constitute a single integrated employee benefit plan and trust and shall be construed together.

Section 13.13: Participation By Affiliated Companies. Upon the written consent of the Board of Directors, any Affiliated Company may adopt the Plan. Any Affiliated Company that executes the Signature Page of the Plan shall, without the need for any further act, be deemed to have adopted the Plan with the consent of the Board of Directors.

Section 13.14: Special Requirements For USERRA.

(a) Despite any other provision of the Plan, an Employee re-employed under Chapter 43 of Title 38, United States Code (“USERRA”) shall not incur a Break in Service by reason of such Employee’s period of Qualified Military Service.

 

-52-


(b) Each period of Qualified Military Service served by an Employee shall, upon reemployment under USERRA with the Company, constitute service with the Company for the purpose of determining the nonforfeitability of the Employee’s accrued benefits under the Plan and for the purpose of determining the accrual of benefits under the Plan.

(c) An Employee re-employed under USERRA shall be entitled to accrued benefits that are contingent on the making of, or derived from, employee contributions or elective deferrals only to the extent the Employee makes payment to the Plan with respect to such contributions or deferrals. No such payment may exceed the amount the Employee would have been permitted or required to contribute had the Employee remained continuously employed by the Company throughout the period of Qualified Military Service. Any payment to the Plan shall be made during the period beginning on the date of reemployment and whose duration is three times the period of the Qualified Military Service (but not greater than five years).

(d) For purposes of this Section, “Qualified Military Service” shall mean any service in the uniformed services (as defined in USERRA) by any Employee if such Employee is entitled to reemployment rights under USERRA with respect to such service.

*     *     *     *     *     *     *     *     *

[Signature Page Follows]

 

-53-


Signature Page

The Company has signed the Plan on the date indicated below, to be effective as of the Effective Date.

“Company”

Dated: ___________, 2001

CATHAY BANCORP, INC.
By     
  Its ___________________________________

Dated: ___________, 2001

CATHAY BANK
By     
  Its ___________________________________

 

-54-

EX-10.5 5 dex105.htm GBC BANCORP 1999 EMPLOYEE STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN GBC Bancorp 1999 Employee Stock Incentive Plan

Exhibit 10.5

GBC BANCORP

1999 EMPLOYEE STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN

 


Adopted as of April 22, 1999

Section 1. PURPOSE OF PLAN

The purpose of this 1999 Employee Stock Incentive Plan (“Plan”) of GBC Bancorp, a California corporation (the “Company”), is to enable the Company and its subsidiaries to attract, retain and motivate their employees, nonemployee directors and consultants by providing for or increasing the proprietary interests of such employees, nonemployee directors and consultants in the Company and, thereby, further align their interests with those of the shareholders of the Company.

Section 2. PERSONS ELIGIBLE UNDER PLAN

Each of the following persons (each, a “Participant”) shall be eligible to be considered for the grant of Awards (as hereinafter defined) hereunder: (1) any employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any other entity in which the Company has a significant equity or other interest as determined by the Committee (as hereinafter defined), including any director who is also such an employee, (2) any director of the Company or any of its subsidiaries who is not also an employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (a “Nonemployee Director”) and (3) any consultant of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.

Section 3. AWARDS

(a) The Committee, on behalf of the Company, is authorized under this Plan to enter into any type of arrangement with a Participant that is not inconsistent with the provisions of this Plan and that, by its terms, involves or might involve the issuance of (i) shares of common stock of the Company (“Common Shares”) or (ii) a Derivative Security (as such term is defined in Rule 16a-1 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), as such rule may be amended from time to time) with an exercise or conversion privilege at a price related to the Common Shares or with a value derived from the value of the Common Shares. The entering into of any such arrangement is referred to herein as the “grant” of an “Award.”

 

1


(b) Awards are not restricted to any specified form or structure and may include, without limitation, sales or bonuses of stock, restricted stock, stock options, reload stock options, stock purchase warrants, other rights to acquire stock, securities convertible into or redeemable for stock, stock appreciation rights, phantom stock, dividend equivalents, performance units or performance shares, and an Award may consist of one such security or benefit, or two or more of them in tandem or in the alternative.

(c) Awards may be issued, and Common Shares may be issued pursuant to an Award, for any lawful consideration as determined by the Committee, including, without limitation, services rendered by the recipient of such Award.

(d) Subject to the provisions of this Plan, the Committee, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall determine all of the terms and conditions of each Award granted under this Plan, which terms and conditions may include, among other things:

(i) a provision permitting the recipient of such Award, including any recipient who is a director or officer of the Company, to pay the purchase price of the Common Shares or other property issuable pursuant to such Award, or such recipient’s tax withholding obligation with respect to such issuance, in whole or in part, by any one or more of the following:

(A) the delivery of cash;

(B) the delivery of other property deemed acceptable by the Committee;

(C) the delivery of previously owned shares of capital stock of the Company (including “pyramiding”) or other property;

(D) a reduction in the amount of Common Shares or other property otherwise issuable pursuant to such Award;

(E) authorizing a third party to sell Common Shares or other property otherwise issuable pursuant to such Award and to remit to the Company a sufficient portion of the sale proceeds to pay for all the Common Shares acquired through such exercise or any tax withholding obligation resulting from such exercise; or

(F) crediting toward the purchase price a portion of the recipient’s deferred compensation account balance;

 

2


(ii) a provision conditioning or accelerating the receipt of benefits pursuant to such Award, either automatically or in the discretion of the Committee, upon the occurrence of specified events, including, without limitation, a change of control of the Company (as defined by the Committee), an acquisition of a specified percentage of the voting power of the Company, the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, a sale of substantially all of the property and assets of the Company or an event of the type described in Section 7 hereof; or

(iii) a provision required in order for such Award to qualify as an incentive stock option (an “Incentive Stock Option”) under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); provided, however, that no Award issued to any consultant or any Nonemployee Director may qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.

(e) All certificates evidencing Awards or Common Shares issued pursuant thereto shall bear any legend determined by the Committee to be necessary or appropriate.

Section 4. STOCK SUBJECT TO PLAN

(a) Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 7, at any time, the aggregate number of Common Shares issued and issuable pursuant to all Awards granted under this Plan shall not exceed the sum of (i) 1,000,000, including any Common Shares issuable pursuant to that certain Employment Agreement dated as of January 1, 1998, between the Company and Li-Pei Wu, as the same may be amended from time to time, (ii) any Common Shares available for future awards under any prior plan of the Company as of the effective date of the Plan and (iii) any Common Shares subject to awards granted under any prior plan of the Company which are forfeited, expire or are canceled without delivery of Common Shares.

(b) For purposes of Section 4(a) hereof, the aggregate number of Common Shares issued and issuable pursuant to Awards granted under this Plan shall at any time be deemed to be equal to the sum of the following:

(i) the number of Common Shares that were issued prior to such time pursuant to Awards granted under this Plan, other than Common Shares that were subsequently reacquired by the Company pursuant to the terms and conditions of such Awards and with respect to which the holder thereof received no benefits of ownership such as dividends; plus

(ii) the number of Common Shares that were otherwise issuable prior to such time pursuant to Awards granted under this Plan, but that were withheld by the Company as payment of the purchase price of the Common Shares issued pursuant to such Awards or as payment of the recipient’s tax withholding obligation with respect to such issuance; plus

 

3


(iii) the maximum number of Common Shares that are or may be issuable at or after such time pursuant to Awards granted under this Plan prior to such time.

Section 5. DURATION OF PLAN

No Awards shall be made under this Plan after April 22, 2009. Although Common Shares may be issued after April 22, 2009 pursuant to Awards made prior to such date, no Common Shares shall be issued under this Plan after April 22, 2019.

Section 6. ADMINISTRATION OF PLAN

(a) This Plan shall be administered by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) or, at the election for the Board, by a committee of the Board consisting of two or more directors, each of whom is an “outside director” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code, and who otherwise comply with the requirements of Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The term Committee shall mean the Board or any such committee of the Board which shall have been designated by the Board to administer this Plan.

(b) Subject to the provisions of this Plan, the Committee shall be authorized and empowered to do all things necessary or desirable in connection with the administration of this Plan, including, without limitation, the following:

(i) adopt, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to this Plan;

(ii) determine which persons are Participants and to which of such Participants, if any, Awards shall be granted hereunder;

(iii) grant Awards to Participants and determine the terms and conditions thereof, including the number of Common Shares issuable pursuant thereto, any performance or vesting contingencies and the terms of any transferability of such Awards;

(iv) determine whether, and the extent to which adjustments are required pursuant to Section 7 hereof;

 

4


(v) interpret and construe this Plan and the terms and conditions of any Award granted hereunder; and

(vi) certify in writing prior to payment of compensation that the performance goals and any other material terms of an Award were in fact satisfied. For this purpose, approved minutes of the Committee meeting in which the certification is made are treated as a written certification.

Section 7. ADJUSTMENTS

If the outstanding securities of the class then subject to this Plan are increased, decreased or exchanged for or converted into cash, property or a different number or kind of securities, or if cash, property or securities are distributed in respect of such outstanding securities, in either case as a result of a reorganization, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, restructuring, reclassification, dividend (other than a regular cash dividend) or other distribution, stock split, reverse stock split or the like, or if substantially all of the property and assets of the Company are sold, then, unless the terms of such transaction shall do so, the Committee shall make appropriate and proportionate adjustments in (i) the number and type of shares or other securities or cash or other property that may be acquired pursuant to Awards theretofore granted under this Plan and (ii) the maximum number and type of shares or other securities that may be issued pursuant to Awards thereafter granted under this Plan.

Section 8. AMENDMENT, SUSPENSION AND TERMINATION OF PLAN

The Board may amend, suspend or terminate this Plan at any time and in any manner, provided that no such amendment, suspension or termination shall impair, or deprive the recipient of, any Award theretofore granted under this Plan, without the consent of such recipient, of any of his or her rights thereunder or with respect thereto.

Section 9. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN

This Plan shall be effective as of April 22, 1999, the date upon which it was approved by the affirmative votes of the holders of a majority of the securities of the Company present, or represented, and entitled to vote at a meeting duly held in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

 

5


Section 10. GOVERNING LAW

This Plan and any Award granted hereunder shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of California without reference to choice or conflict of law principles.

 

6

EX-21.1 6 dex211.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE BANCORP Subsidiaries of the Bancorp

Exhibit 21.1

 

Subsidiaries of Cathay General Bancorp    State of Incorporation
Cathay Bank    California
Cathay Capital Trust I    Delaware
Cathay Capital Trust II    Delaware
Cathay Statutory Trust I    Connecticut
GBC Venture Capital, Inc.    California

Subsidiaries of Cathay Bank

 

Cathay Community Development Corporation    California
Cathay Investment Company    California
Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust    Maryland
Cathay Trade Services, Asia Limited    Hong Kong
GB Capital Trust II    Maryland
GBC Investment & Consulting Company, Inc.    California
GBC Real Estate Investments, Inc.    California
EX-23.1 7 dex231.htm CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED ACCOUNTING FIRM Consent of Independent Registered Accounting Firm

Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors

Cathay General Bancorp:

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement (No. 33-33767) on Form S-3 and the registration statements (Nos. 333-87225, 333-110008, 333-110009, and 333-127762) on Form S-8 of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries (the “Company”) of our reports dated February 28, 2007, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, which reports appear in the December 31, 2006 annual report on Form 10-K of Cathay General Bancorp.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Los Angeles, California

February 28, 2007

EX-31.1 8 dex311.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER SECTION 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Section 302

Exhibit 31.1

 

I, Dunson K. Cheng, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cathay General Bancorp;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

By:   /S / DUNSON K. CHENG
   

Dunson K. Cheng

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Date: February 28, 2007

 

 

EX-31.2 9 dex312.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER SECTION 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Section 302

Exhibit 31.2

 

I, Heng W. Chen, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cathay General Bancorp;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

By:

  /S/ HENG W. CHEN
   

Heng W. Chen

Executive Vice President

and Chief Financial Officer

 

Date: February 28, 2007

 

 

EX-32.1 10 dex321.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER SECTION 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Section 906

Exhibit 32.1

 

CEO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

 

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

In connection with the Annual Report of Cathay General Bancorp (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2006 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Dunson K. Cheng, chief executive officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

 

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

By:   /s/ DUNSON K. CHENG        
    Dunson K. Cheng
    President and
    Chief Executive Officer

 

Date: February 28, 2007

 

 

EX-32.2 11 dex322.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER SECTION 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Section 906

Exhibit 32.2

 

CFO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

 

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

In connection with the Annual Report of Cathay General Bancorp (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2006 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Heng W. Chen, chief financial officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

 

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

By:

  /S/ HENG W. CHEN
   

Heng W. Chen

Executive Vice President

and Chief Financial Officer

 

Date: February 28, 2007

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